MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by camel-cdr | 2025-06-29 16:32:01+00:00
> Are you saying the model used to simulate many different cpu models is the same, which makes comparing CPUs harder? Or are you saying the model is not accurate?

Both, but mostly the former. You can view the scheduling models used for a given CPU here: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/main/llvm/lib/Targ...

* CortexA53Model used for: A34, A35, A320, a53, a65, a65ae * CortexA55Model used for: A55, r82, r82ae * CortexA510Model used for: a510, a520, a520ae * CortexA57Model used for: A57, A72, A73, A75, A76, A76ae, A77, A76, A78ae, A78c * NeoverseN2Model used for: a710, a715, a720, a720ae, neoverse-n2 * NeoverseV1Model used for: X1, X1c, neoverse-v1/512tvb * NeoverseV2Model used for: X2, X3, X4, X295, grace, neoverse-v2/3/v3ae * NeoverseN3Model used for: neoverse-n3

It's even worse for Apple CPUs, all apple CPUs, from apple-a7 to apple-m4 use the same "CycloneModel" of a 6-issue out-of-order core from 2013.

There are more fine-grained target-specific feature flags used, e.g. for fusion, but the base scheduling model often isn't remotely close to the actual processor.

> It’s an interesting point that the newer neoverse cores use a model with smaller issue width. Are you saying this doesn’t match reality? If so do you have any idea why they model it that way?

Yes, I opened an issue about the Neoverse cores since then an independent PR adjusted the V2 down from 16 wide to a more realistic 8 wide: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/136374

Part of the problem is that LLVMs scheduling model can't represent all properties of the CPU.

The issue width for those cores seems to be set to the maximum number of uops the core can execute at once. If you look at the Neoverse V1 micro architecture, it indeed has 15 independent issue ports: https://en.wikichip.org/w/images/2/28/neoverse_v1_block_diag...

But notice how it can only decode 8 instructions (5 if you exclude MOP cache) per cycle. This is partially because some operations take multiple cycles before the port can execute new instructions, so having more execution ports is still a gain in practice. The other reason is uop cracking. Complex addressing modes and things like load/store pairs are cracked into multiple uops, which execute on separate ports.

The problem is that LLVMs IssueWidth parameter is used to model, decode and issue width. The execution port count is derived from the ports specified in the scheduling model itself, which basically are correct.

---

The reason for all of this is, if I had to guess, that modeling instruction scheduling doesn't matter all that much for codegen on OoO cores. The other one is that just putting in the "real"/theoretical numbers doesn't automatically result in the best codegen.

It does matter, however, if you use it to visualize how a core would execute instructions.

The main point I want to make, is that you shouldn't use llvm-mca with -mcpu=apple-m4 and use it to compare against -mcpu=znver5 and expect any reasonable answers. Just be sure to check the source, so you realize you are actually comparing a scheduling model based on the apple Cyclone (2013) core and the Zen4 core (2022).
by hylaride | 2025-06-29 16:34:17+00:00
> I think Jobs makes the same mistake with U2 even if he is at the helm. But I think he would’ve been more effective at handling the fall out.

Perhaps, but there probably would have been more thought over it than just shoving it onto everybody's phone. The problem, I think, is that Apple is *mostly* run by white men over 50 - a demographic that sees U2 as the pinnacle of the rock band. They probably don't even realize that rock bands aren't "cool" anymore. I remember when Apple Music was first announced and Eddy Cue spent far too long "demonstrating" his music library and it fell flat even to the press in his age range. Usually you're best off demonstrating with "timeless" music as music tastes are so personal.
by maury91 | 2025-06-29 16:34:31+00:00
The current AI generation has an additional pain point compared to the bad coworker, it's unable to learn, you can give it a rule file but it doesn't always respect it properly and it doesn't update it itself. TLDR: the bad colleague will stop making the same mistake in the PRs the AI no

Hopefully this will change in future generations of AI
by vharuck | 2025-06-29 16:35:53+00:00
Let's go by the ICC definition for genocide (Article 6 of their Elements of Crimes):

https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/Publications/Ele...

Israel has been killing Palestinian civilians. Israel has been restricting food and medical supplies going to Palestinian civilians. All of that was beyond reasonable in regard to military objectives (e.g., bombing hospitals to take out a weapons stash). Israel's political and military leaders have expressed their opinions that Palestinians (not just Hamas or militants) are an ethnicity deserving punishment.

Note that, in the ICC's definitions, genocide does not require intent to eliminate the entirety of a group. It only requires targeting people based on their belonging to a protected group with the intent to diminish that group.
Show HN: Ketcher Docker – Self-Hosting Advanced Chemical Structure Editor
by mireklzicar | 2025-06-29 16:37:01+00:00
I’ve wrapped an open-source chemical structure editor in an a production-ready Docker image and React/Vite front-end so you can drop a full-featured molecule editor into any web app—or run it standalone—without touching a line of Java/Spring code.

GitHub: https://github.com/miroslav-lzicar/ketcher-docker

Live demo (static hosting + iframe-friendly headers): https://ketcher.mireklzicar.com

Blog (iframe demo) https://mireklzicar.com/blog/ketcher-docker-deployment/
by scarecrowbob | 2025-06-29 16:37:51+00:00
I've known quite a few people who made quite good livings playing 5-nights a week at hotel lounges in BFE. You're not going to recognize any, because they aren't famous, they just made their living going around playing music and weren't super famous. Even the relatively "famous" ones I have worked with (say, marc benno or paul pearcy or jay boy adams) aren't known by folks outside of very small circles.

IME, the consolidation of radio, changes in taste around live music, and the dissolution of paying for recorded music all worked to get rid of that group of folks.

But that doesn't mean that I haven't played with a lot of folks who are now in their 70s and 80s who made a good living playing music for folks.
by osigurdson | 2025-06-29 16:38:35+00:00
The focus here again seems to be on the plight of the Orchestral musician / related. While this might represent a large portion of mind share in some groups it is tiny from an economic perspective when compared to mainstream recording acts. The primary instruments driving this revenue are as follows: 1) voice 2) drums 3) bass 4) guitar 5) keyboard. None of these things are expensive or hard to maintain. You don't even need to be particularly good at any of these things other than voice.
by jerf | 2025-06-29 16:38:43+00:00
You're saying you can use a perfect hash also implies you know you will only find those values? If so, then yes, the name is accurate and is probably a very good choice.

But if you put things into the perfect hash function it is not expecting, some fraction of them will collide.

If you're searching for a fixed set, look at the Ragel library. Compile-time generation of the search in a way that is very hard to beat.
by kurthr | 2025-06-29 16:39:11+00:00
What's interesting is that with modern GAA and nanosheet transistors at the "1-2nm" scale (really ~6-12nm gate length) is that there are only about 50-100k silicon atoms.

That means that the channels are inherently intrinsic. You can't really have doping when there's statistically less than an atom. There's a nice review from 2023.

https://semiengineering.com/what-designers-need-to-know-abou...

https://www.semiconductor-digest.com/the-shape-of-tomorrows-...

This is more recent with pretty pictures.

The key is that all increases in transistor count are now based on either stacking layers in the silicon (like flash scaling), stacking die with chiplets (we're already at 12-16 die for HBM) or scaling beyond the reticle limit (there's a lot of investment in larger substrates right now). None of these help cost scaling and all have huge yield challenges.

Moore's law really ends when the investors and CFOs decide it does. The generative AI boom has extended that for a while.
by zackangelo | 2025-06-29 16:39:15+00:00
In your forward pass section you give a lot of emphasis to FlashAttention, but it might be worth mentioning Paged Attention as well (which was the paper written by the vLLM authors and I believe was the genesis of the project). PA-style block tables are now supported in most fused attention kernels, but vLLM originally came up with it and it's the main reason why vLLM has such high throughput!
by jjangkke | 2025-06-29 16:39:18+00:00
Very good point! This area faces a similar misalignment of goals in that it tries to be a generic fit-all solution that is rampant with today's LLMs.

We made a sandwich but it cost you 10x more than it would a human and slower might slowly become faster and more efficient but by the time you get really good at it, its simply not transferable unless the model is genuinely able to make the leap across into other domains that humans naturally do.

I'm afraid this is where the barrier of general intelligence and human intelligence lies and with enough of these geospatial motor skill database, we might get something that mimics humans very well but still run into problems at the edge, and this last mile problem really is a hinderance to so many domains where we come close but never complete.

I wonder if this will change with some sort of computing changes as well as how we interface with digital systems (without mouse or keyboard), then this might be able to close that 'last mile gap'.
by geoctl | 2025-06-29 16:40:30+00:00
Well I haven't used Pangolin myself, but Octelium can basically operate as a similar self-hosted remote access tool. It is designed however, to provide much more than just remote access. It provides L7-aware, context-aware ABAC-based access control, it provides L7-aware secretless access without distributing L7 credentials to users, it provides dynamic routing/configuration to upstreams and upstreams credentials based on identity/context, it provides OpenTemeltry-read L7 aware visibility and auditing. Therefore, it's more closer to Cloudflare Access, Teleport Enterprise, StrongDM, etc... than to Pangolin. However, it's also not just a ZTNA in the rigid sense, for example, your applications written in any programming language can just generate fine-grained bearer authentication access tokens via OAuth2 client credentials flow to access protect Services without having to use clients or special SDKs or being aware of Octelium at all. Octelium also operate on top of Kubernetes which makes it seamless for you to provide horizontal scalability and availability as your Cluster's Services, Users, Sessions and simply traffic grow.
by heresie-dabord | 2025-06-29 16:41:06+00:00
> it's [...] hard to justify learning a foreign language [...] to a normal adult person's cost-benefit analysis.

A "normal" existence in a populous, monolingual country may not involve other languages... But human language is remarkably various in the world. Even on HN, knowing a set of non-natural semantics (e.g. coding) is a common profession.

Most employers don't pay handsomely for multilingualism, but they do pay software workers well.
by cryptonector | 2025-06-29 16:41:10+00:00
Bees sting with a lot more poison than wasps. That's because their stingers are barbed and if they pierce far enough into your skin the stinger and its poison bag and poison pumping muscle will not leave your skin unless you pull it. The bee will fly away, but in doing so it will rip its guts out and later die. The stinger will then pump way more poison into you than a wasp would -- the wasp's stinger is not barbed.
by candiddevmike | 2025-06-29 16:41:10+00:00
> Convince me I should fund people to focus full-time on things where they can't make a living, the same things I love to do but realize can't be your sole pursuit.

You already are, it's just going to the ultra wealthy and pension fund kids, while you slave your life away making that stock go up because you believe there should be no other choice.
by toomuchtodo | 2025-06-29 16:41:25+00:00
We pay when someone who doesn’t want kids receives permanent birth control (a bilateral salpingectomy is a surgical procedure to remove both fallopian tubes), preventing any need for an abortion in the future. They lock in their reproductive choice, avoiding at least $330k per child (in 2023 dollars) in expenses 0-18, as well as avoiding the creation of an unwanted child if they cannot get an abortion as the US reproductive healthcare situation rapidly degrades. If they change their mind in the future, IVF is an option (although the data shows regret rates to be very low).

At the moment, this permanent birth control is covered by the ACA at 100% as preventative care. We have prepared for any changes to this by establishing travel logistics across the border into Canada, Mexico, and other LATAM destinations at favorable rates (medical tourism).

Planned Parenthood can continue to receive Medicaid funding by carving off abortion services into an independent entity that receives non government funding for abortions (only 4% of the services Planned Parenthood provides are abortion services).

By empowering women to not have children they never want to have, you empower, enable freedom, and avoid suffering at scale.
by bediger4000 | 2025-06-29 16:41:34+00:00
Thank you, interesting note! 2005-2015 or so, I answered every call. This was the "Rachel from cardholder services" period. I gave my name as "Edward Snowden" for a while. On one chat with a "service rep" another voice with a N. American accent commanded the rep to hang up because Snowden was "that spy". Has the identification job been lost to AI?
by yahoozoo | 2025-06-29 16:42:42+00:00
LLMs are plateauing. At this point, anyone who has cared enough knows their fundamental limitations. Don’t get me wrong, they do provide immense value and have grown quickly in just a few years. But, they will probably never get past the “we must treat it like a junior engineer” phase, especially as LLM outputs inevitably leak back into the training data since everyone is using it (or being forced to by employers). Notice that everything major from these companies lately hasn’t been a vastly improved model from the previous iteration, but products and tooling: see Anthropic allowing you to create in-Claude apps, every companies own version of agentic CLI, and so on.
by saurik | 2025-06-29 16:43:09+00:00
This just feels like the kind of thing the people who built Wayland should have focussed on for their first real release, as that would have allowed them to simply deprecate X11 immediately with a "better" architecture rather than go to war for a decade (and build up a ton of bad will in the process) forcing people to first try to make major adaptations to everything.
by akinomyoga | 2025-06-29 16:44:04+00:00
> I think they made some choices that eventually led to the parser being too complex, largely due to the problem of representing what was parsed.

No, the complexity of the parser can be attributed to the incremental parsing. ble.sh implements an incremental parser where one can update only the necessary parts of the previous syntax tree when a part of the command line is modified. I'd probably use the same data structure (but better abstracted using classes) even if I could implement the parser in C or in higher-level languages.
by perching_aix | 2025-06-29 16:44:05+00:00
My "lawyer" (gpt4o) claims that since YouTube is merely a non-exclusive licensee of the user content upload to their service, even if they have such restrictions in their ToS (they do), they likely would not hold up in court, citing [0]. Something about that non-exclusivity meaning they cannot constrain the copyright further on their own terms. Which I guess makes sense?

And since scraping of publicly available data is not illegal (in the US, according to the aforementioned "lawyer"), it seems like it's okay?

Not legal advice.

[0] https://www.skadden.com/insights/publications/2024/05/distri...
by mixmastamyk | 2025-06-29 16:44:11+00:00
The “need to know” part is overblown. I first used the internet around age twenty five and had zero difficulty picking it up. Also toddlers can drive tablets these days, that’s not difficult anymore either.

Screen time is your friend. Also I started teaching how computers, later internet work at age 7-10. Then teach safety and how to use tools like firefox and ublock etc.

Hold off on smartphone as long as possible, it will be a constant fight. We didn’t have any help from the school, only undermining, but looks to be changing.
by tensorpoet | 2025-06-29 16:45:13+00:00
I wanted a way to share my existing Claude Code conversations with the team and also sometimes just read them myself in a nicely formatted way.

The tool also lets you search conversations by keyword and see how many messages & how much time was spent on each one. So it might be useful even without using it for uploads.

Available on https://runlog.io

Repository: https://github.com/TensorPoet/runlog-cli

Example conversation: https://runlog.io/c/647a06f3-fbb7-44e9-8e80-43a474941fd2
by jcgl | 2025-06-29 16:45:32+00:00
1. You have been able to assign DNS through SLAAC for years 2. Stateless DHCPv6 serves most needs not covered by SLAAC 3. Yeah, some ISPs screw up and don’t assign enough address space. Most likely because they’re still in the address-poverty mindset of v4

> your networks isn't so simple that you can just auto-negotiate some address

I don’t understand what you mean by this…v6 afaik has every tool that v4 does for assignment. If automated assignment through SLAAC or either kind of DHCP doesn’t meet your needs, then there’s manual assignment, just like with v4.
by snickerdoodle12 | 2025-06-29 16:45:50+00:00
> Who cares at this point

Anyone who has a shred of integrity. I'm not a fan of overreaching copyright laws, but they've been strictly enforced for years now. Decades, even. They've ruined many lives, like how they killed Aaron Swartz.

But now, suddenly, violating copyright is totally okay and carries no consequences whatsoever because the billionaires decided that's how they can get richer now?

If you want to even try to pretend you don't live in a plutocracy and that the rule of law matters at all these developments should concern you.
by FollowingTheDao | 2025-06-29 16:46:00+00:00
You're welcome.

Yes, people underestimate how stress effects the immune system and why it is so hard for people to see this link even when they can become fatigued, depressed and irritable when they have a cold.

They have investigated me for some sort of primary immune deficiency and found low T cells but they said they were "not low enough to cause problems".

When I had COVID I was running around this small town hiding from people and taking pictures of the, texting them to my friend as evidence they were following me and spying on me, and picture of my van and how people were messing with it. They I thought she and her family were in on the conspiracy. She finally convinced me to take a klonopin and I came out of it enough to take some more and it was done. The next day I had a fever and COVID. So it was weird that both time sit preceded my physical illness.

Sending love to you and your partner and hoping she can stay curious about why she is ill.
by eGQjxkKF6fif | 2025-06-29 16:46:22+00:00
Trying it out, so far so good. Worked on my mangled Linux install.

I have and have been using Proton VPN which the free version. If you use it for bittorrent, even to download a Linux ISO which is what I did, will straight up DNS hijack you and feed you a web page instead of the web page you're looking at to scream at you that BitTorrent is only allowed if you're a paying subscriber.

So.. that means they can just access and re-route your traffic however they want and make you see whatever they want.

Fascinating use for SGX Enclave tech, I see in the client debug logs show API hits that do the verification. I'm on an intel i3 with gigabit connection and am pulling 800mbps up/down.
by philipbankier1 | 2025-06-29 16:46:28+00:00
Rather than training a massive deepfake detection model, we assembled existing AI models into a "paranoid forensics team" where each looks for different anomalies:

- CLIP: Semantic analysis ("Does this look like a real person?") - Whisper: Audio-visual sync verification - Gemini: Expert artifact detection - Custom heuristics: Motion and audio pattern analysis

Each model votes, we fuse the results with weighted scoring.

Caught the viral airport kangaroo video and other fakes that slipped past traditional detection methods.

The philosophy: One AI can be fooled, but can you fool them all?

Demo: https://fake-check.mixpeek.com/ Code: https://github.com/mixpeek/fake-check
by murderfs | 2025-06-29 16:47:06+00:00
Okay, then please reimplement the equivalent of the following code to work with both IPv4 and IPv6:

int fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); struct sockaddr_in addr = { .sin_family = AF_INET, .sin_port = htons(1234) }; addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); bind(fd, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)); listen(fd, 128); int client; while (client = accept(fd, 0, 0)) { // ... }
by jasonlotito | 2025-06-29 16:47:10+00:00
Tim Cook is in charge. This wasn't decided in a bubble. A single person can't do this. It takes a lot of people to do this. A culture that allows this. This wasn't a mistake. It wasn't malicious. It wasn't even the first time.

Tim Cook did this, and anyone that can't put the blame on him is lying to themselves.
by atemerev | 2025-06-29 16:48:29+00:00
I don't know. Like, only eight months ago or so, I was explaining my colleagues how using AI for coding can actually work, in some cases. Now, I don't know any engineers who don't use AI tools, at least at work (our own pet projects are still fun to do without AI, but at work, AI-assisted productivity is now expected).

If that's "plateauing"...
by okdood64 | 2025-06-29 16:50:29+00:00
For anyone else, who for some reason, feels compelled to comment without reading the article:

> Haaretz has learned that the Military Advocate General has instructed the IDF General Staff's Fact-Finding Assessment Mechanism – a body tasked with reviewing incidents involving potential violations of the laws of war – to investigate suspected war crimes at these sites.

Now what will come from this (a proper investigation, etc.), who knows.