MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by atmavatar | 2025-06-28 01:52:09+00:00
Jurisdiction has to do with the location of the birth.

If a child is born on US soil - whether that be US proper or US embassies in foreign countries (which are treated as US soil), they are automatically a citizen.

Note that it also explicitly skips foreign nationals born inside foreign embassies, which are treated as sovereign land of the hosted country - e.g., a French Embassy is French land, so a child born to a French ambassador is not a US citizen.

The argument that illegal aliens are not subject to US jurisdiction would also be followed by the absurdity that law enforcement could not arrest them for crimes and ICE could not deport them... due to lack of jurisdiction.
by ceejayoz | 2025-06-28 01:52:21+00:00
> Nope. Wrong. That's the new facility. Castle Garden started in the 1850s

That's not "a whole island out in front of the Statue of Liberty" (it's in Battery Park, Manhattan), and performed a significantly different role.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immigration_Act_of_1882 "restricted certain classes of people from immigrating to America, including criminals, the insane, or 'any person unable to take care of him or herself.'… [creating] what is recognized as the first federal immigration bureaucracy and laid the foundation for more regulations on immigration"

The 14th Amendment, having been approved decades before we had that first of immigration laws on the books, was approved in a historical context where "illegal immigration" was essentially not a thing.

> I'm not debating the legality of whatever the current administration is doing.

Perhaps don't jump into a thread about the legal basis of it, then. This particular bit is discussing the claim made at https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44400640, where another user claims the drafters of the Amendment would've opposed "anchor babies".
by kragen | 2025-06-28 01:52:58+00:00
No special equipment—except a laptop capable of running a web browser that can do Web Audio, and microphones and speakers. Which, as the article explains, isn't novel. But it's still a nice introduction to the space.

I would argue that microphones and speakers are special equipment: most microcontrollers don't have them, most computers are microcontrollers, and most non-microcontroller computers already have better ways to transmit data. I was hoping for an ultrasound codec for an Arduino using the microphonics of the X5R bypass capacitors included on the board, or something like that. Plausibly that is a thing you could do, but nobody has managed it so far that I know of.
Show HN: m(ctf)p – A semi-automated environment for solving CTF challenges
by abound | 2025-06-28 01:53:52+00:00
Hi folks!

I built this over the past few weeks for a cross-company CTF I was participating in. It was mostly an experiment to learn about CTFs, MCP servers, Kali Linux, Claude Code, and really just how far LLMs can go in a given domain.

It's basically just an MCP server (for integrating with the CTF server APIs, providing notes, and a few other niceties) paired with a Kali Linux-based Docker image that has Claude Code installed, plus a custom slash command [1] to tie it all together.

It performed admirably during the CTF I tried it on, it was able to zero-shot solve maybe 10 or so of the simpler challenges, and provided substantial assistance on another 5 or 6 before getting stuck. It didn't stand a chance against the hardest challenges.

This was the first CTF I've participated in, and it was an absolute blast. I can imagine some people feeling that LLMs take the fun out of CTFs, but I think the "centaur" [2] aspect of human-LLM interactions is both powerful and effective, given the right infrastructure and UX.

Happy to answer any questions people have about the project!

[1] https://docs.anthropic.com/en/docs/claude-code/slash-command...

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_chess
by bccdee | 2025-06-28 01:54:02+00:00
I dunno, I'm not willing to overlook null values or default zero-values that easily. Those cause me problems all the time, and they are not meaningfully simpler than the alternative (explicit assignment).

Or mutability modifiers. Yes, that's an extra feature, and there's an undeniable appeal to having fewer features. But being able to flag things as immutable will make all the code you deal with easier in future.

Or consider how they left out generics for 15 years. It simplifies the language in some ways, sure, but when you needed generics, you had to use reflection, which is way more complicated than generics. Even macros, unpopular as they are, are better than codegen.

Again, I understand the appeal of minimalism, but a cost/benefit analysis of any of these features shows them to be a massive net gain. A blanket policy of "no, we can't have nice things" is needlessly austere, and it leaves everyone worse off imo.
by samrus | 2025-06-28 01:54:12+00:00
But the difference is who makes the scaffolding.

We dont need a more intelligent entity to give us those rules, like humans would give to the LLM. We learn and formalize those rules ourselves and communicate within each other. This makes it not scaffolding, since scaffolding is explicit instructions/restraints from outside the model. The "scaffolding" your saying humans are using is implicitly learnt by humans and then formalized and applied at instructions and restraints, and even then, human thay dont internalize/understand them dont do well in those tasks. So scaffolding really is running into the bitter lesson
by antgame11 | 2025-06-28 01:54:15+00:00
*Purchase $100/year apple certificate or move to a country in the EU. You can sideload for free for a week or you can buy a 3rd party certificate for $20 dollars. For free you can use sidestore (anywhere, not just the EU) for free, but you need to connect to a WiFi network once a week. You can also build with github actions without a mac
by vannevar | 2025-06-28 01:54:41+00:00
Sure. And if their judgment is deemed incorrect, it will be overturned on appeal. If the matter is urgent, appeal will be expedited. That's how the system works. You can certainly argue that we need more courts to handle the current workload, but let's directly address that issue rather than curtailing the injunction power to reduce the work.

Bear in mind that this was a case where the multiple courts who considered the issue were unanimous in their opinion that the President was very likely to lose on the merits. Exactly the kind of case where there should be an injunction.
by WillAdams | 2025-06-28 01:56:43+00:00
G.K. Chesterton and H.G. Wells seemed to think so in their histories of England (though note that Wells' work is controversial due to an accusation of plagiarism).

Both are available at Project Gutenberg and Librivox:

>"A Short History of England" by G. K. Chesterton is a historical account written in the early 20th century. The book provides a unique perspective on English history, challenging traditional narratives often neglected by popular histories. Chesterton seeks to illuminate the experiences of the average citizen throughout England's past, particularly during the medieval period, arguing that important aspects of the populace’s legacy have been overlooked.

https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/20897

>"The Outline of History: Being a Plain History of Life and Mankind" by H. G. Wells is a historical account written in the early 20th century. This comprehensive work aims to provide a continuous narrative detailing the story of life and humanity from its origins to the present, emphasizing a universal approach to history that transcends individual nations or periods. The book serves as an exploration of how human civilizations have developed over vast stretches of time and how they relate to broader scientific and societal changes.

https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/45368
by atmavatar | 2025-06-28 02:00:41+00:00
I'm arguing that the Constitution guarantees due process to anyone subject to US jurisdiction, and the nationwide injunctions were necessary because ICE was sweeping people off the streets and quickly shipping them to different countries intentionally and explicitly in contravention of due process.

If every single case must be prosecuted individually, those who have been illegally robbed of due process will already be stuck in El Salvadorean (or South Sudanese, etc.) prisons and unable to challenge it in US courts.

In other words, ICE effectively gets carte blanche to continue violating constitutional due process under the ruling. The "judicial overreach" complaint is a distraction - injunctions can always be appealed at a higher level in the court system (excepting when the SC does it themselves), so there was already a mechanism to handle problematic injunctions.

The implications for the unconstitutional executive order regarding birthright citizenship is just as gross, as an individual whose citizenship gets restored via court challenge will almost certainly face repeated citizenship challenges by other red states for the rest of their lives, any of which may require additional time in court to address.
by nickysielicki | 2025-06-28 02:02:24+00:00
I spent some time toying around with LLM-guided "symbolic regression", basically having an LLM review documents in order to come up with primitives (aka operators) that could be fed into github.com/MilesCranmer/PySR

I didn't get very far because I had difficulty piping it all together, but with something like this I might give it another go. Cool stuff.
by fvgvkujdfbllo | 2025-06-28 02:03:53+00:00
I was very close to quitting software development but luckily I didn’t. I was frustrated with work-life balance, interview processes, etc.

Here people are comparing software development with minimum wage jobs and saying you should be thankful. Ok try comparing with equivalent jobs.

Many non-tech corporate jobs have similar or better work life balance. I have friends who were recently hired with one or two interviews. Pay may not be as high but their stress levels also seem a lot lower.

So I came close to switching career, took classes, talked to potential employers, they seemed eager to hire me. But I got cold feet. I thought about my dreams and decided to pursue one of my hobbies as a side business with ultimate goal of doing it full-time. At this point, job is simply a means to end

Yeah, I have heard that one way to ruin a hobby is to monetize it. Maybe it will happen to me eventually but I don’t feel burned out anymore. I’m energetic every morning, I work hard at my current job because it is providing seed money for my dream business.

This is to say go ahead try switching industry, take classes, make new friends, figure out something. Talking to various people actually helped me figure out my dreams.
by msgodel | 2025-06-28 02:04:11+00:00
I'd imagine solar panels are about 25-50% cheaper over there than here between tariffs and shipping. (solar tariffs on China have been in place for at least ten years now AFAIK, they're separate from the other tariff stuff that's been going on.)

If you like the independence/flexibility solar is marginally interesting. There it's probably a no-brainer.
by rtpg | 2025-06-28 02:04:54+00:00
I do wonder how many languages have the "never returns" type explicitly available. Typescript and Rust.... Haskell has bottom but I wonder semantically how much space there is between bottom and "never return". Obviously laziness makes things weird.

This is what I find interesting in this generation of languages though. Any C programmer understands the notion of an infinite loop, and the value of conditional expressions like ternary ops. But now languages are realizing that when you start treating more and more things as expressions, you really want to start giving names to things that you wouldn't name in the past.
by kragen | 2025-06-28 02:05:15+00:00
Plauger's books are good reading! I'm sorry to hear he's not in good health.

Not to take anything away from Whitesmiths† C, which has a good reputation, but if you're interested in a C compiler for CP/M, BDS C is fully open source and free software, and also was well regarded. But it's written in assembly, and its compatibility with other C compilers (this was long before ANSI) leaves much to be desired.

We can hope that eventually the Whitesmiths licensing is cleared up, especially since the source is evidently in C. It would be great to have a fully self-sufficient free software development environment that could run on something as simple as an 8080 (6000 transistors, I think NMOS and therefore about 2000 gates) and didn't require you to dip into assembly all the time.

We can probably do better than the 8080 today. Graeme Smecher's Minimax, or Chuck Moore's MuP21 or F18A, seem like they would be a lot more comfortable to program on, and they're not much bigger. The MuP21 was 7000 transistors including ugly video output, with 21-bit words instead of 8-bit, and gsmecher's Minimax is a 32-bit RISC-V in 507 LUT6s, which I don't think anyone has done an ASIC of.

______

† Blacksmiths make hardware, so who makes software?
by sixpackpg | 2025-06-28 02:07:11+00:00
Exactly, the end is a definitive point, different metrics and variables need to be considered for this end point versus the earlier additive points. When you're creating you evaluate how close to completion you are and that's a useful gauge of productivity and keeps the project ticking along, ego isn't a part of the equation here.

When the end is in sight how close to completion you are isn't useful as ego plays a bigger part and so needs to be factored in. Percentage completion becomes a non-useful metric as it doesn't help you get to you objective of completion, if anything it's harmful as I tend to beat self up for lack of progress. As to what that metric is useful at the end point I don't know. But closeness to completion doesn't help me finish.

I use ego as a substitute but some human factor needs to be accounted for.
by bravesoul2 | 2025-06-28 02:08:07+00:00
One step removed would be a site like those visa sites that list each country and give insights into the real estate market. What to watch out for. Your legal protections. Is it safe.

Sounds like Thailand may not have the legal protections required to make real estate investment safe. Sounds like you did everything carefully and still got scammed. This makes me think Thailand may not be a wise place to buy property.

The site would help reduce future scams like this by steering people to less corrupt places.

And in any country I think off the plan development is highly risky. You are trusting building companies famous for going bankrupt substantial amounts of money. Plus they may not build what they sold you on.
by Brajeshwar | 2025-06-28 02:10:55+00:00
I submit about 10-15 and sometimes up to 20 a day.

I have developed a typical routine to submit articles. I tend to gather interesting links during the day, and when America’s West Coast wakes up, I submit them in batches of bursts over an hour or so before I retire for the day.

https://brajeshwar.com/2023/hacker-news/
by pyuser583 | 2025-06-28 02:11:02+00:00
Some of my favorite sci-fi deals with monasticism and space travel.

If you were to create a constitution for a multigenerational space trip, it might look like the Rule of St Benedict. Many of the monastic rules were intended for “families” whose lifespan were intended to infinite.

There’s already some very good sci-fi on this topic, but it seems most of it is quite old. Most recent would be Babylon 5, that I know of.
by GMoromisato | 2025-06-28 02:12:41+00:00
Another cool thing is that this technique is biased towards planets far from their star, because it is easier to see a planet the further away from their bright star.

In contrast, current techniques are biased towards close-in planets. Both Doppler-shift and light-curve methods tend to detect close-in planets.

We’ll get a better idea of the distribution of planets with both techniques.
by rtpg | 2025-06-28 02:15:10+00:00
When discussing well typed-ness, and with more complex languages where you have weird undecideable components, you can end up with a notion of "Well typed" as follows:

e: T is well typed _if_ the end result of e would be of type T

(end result being hand-wave-y)

It's not a guarantee that e is a value of a certain type, but a guarantee that if e is a value in the first place, then it will be a certain type. You sidestep having to prove the halting nature of e.

This leaves a nice spot for computation that doesn't complete!

let y = return 1 f(y)

y could be any type, and it's well typed, because you're never in a secnario where f(y) will be provided a value of the wrong type.

Well-typed-ness, by my understanding in more complex type system, is not a guarantee of control flow, but a guarantee that _if_ we evaluate some expression, then it will be fine.

And so... you can put `!` as a type in your system, treat return as an expression, and have a simpler semantic model, without really losing anything. Less moving parts, etc.... that's my read of it anyways.
Call for blanket ban on open source contribution or publishing
by indianmouse | 2025-06-28 02:15:23+00:00
Where are the ethics and call for a blanket restrain from publishing.

While all the available AI models and probably future ones are going to be trained on publicly available data sets including but not limited to programming blogs, q & a sites, discussion forums, personal blogs, open source code, free books etc., almost all of the organisations behind the models have taken sources from all shady places and even pirated content and not to mention the art works - photos, paintings, music from various digital galleries, digital shops, streaming platforms etc., etc., and I don't have to list all sources.

While it is all good for the training, the same is being targetted towards the fellow programmers, creators, writers who thrive on their creations and the way of work.

If one looks at from a perspective of someone trying to do something that is dependent on creative people, the generative AI based creation has taken over the process and has killed or killing millions of people who are dependent. Now, most of the argument is not about the replacement, but rather why don't one use AI to support the process. Well, that's just a deviation from this article's motto and it is not disagreed.

When people published their work as open source, not even in their dreams they would have thought that such breach of private information and intellectual properties will be swindled by such corrupt, for profit organisations to train something that will eventually replace them. Why is that no-one wants to voice against or take legal action. I'm aware that there are a lot of class action lawsuits and uproar against many companies, but the damage is already done.

So, I'm proposing the following:

- As how the publicly available materials were used to train whatever AI model, give it away for free. (It was wrong in the first place to use it with / without consent - If one had invested, it's their issue. Don't want to talk about CAPEX / OPEX etc,.). - Or pay for every open piece of information that was used in training (this is not an option due to the copyright and copyleft and other mindless licenses that govern OSS and other free to use media!) - Stop doing it - It will not happen...

Any other thoughts / rants?

While I have expressed some of my thoughts, I want the communities thoughts to collectively action. Please spend a few minutes to voice out whether in support or against, but be concise in expressing your thoughts so that all can be collated, presented and actioned (probably!) in the near future.

Thanks again.
by jrflowers | 2025-06-28 02:16:47+00:00
> Given the emotional disregulation

Exactly. Everybody else is emotionally disregulated and you simply have the serenity that comes when there is no daylight between your opinion and the objective truth of reality. It is important that people know how much better you are at feeling and thinking than them, otherwise what would be the value of just saying your thoughts on the topic at hand?
by nighthawk454 | 2025-06-28 02:17:31+00:00
You can even still mail a brick! As long as it’s addressed. Apparently other things too including flip flops, inflated beach balls, and potatoes.

They do call out that you can no longer mail enough to build a building haha.

https://facts.usps.com/sending-bricks-in-the-mail/#:~:text=I...
by firesteelrain | 2025-06-28 02:17:34+00:00
Constitution guarantees checks and balances but not justice in every case. People can still be disenfranchised. Especially when the system values procedural order over urgent harm.

Someone might be deported, incarcerated, or otherwise harmed before the courts even rule on whether their rights were violated.

US legal system highly values procedural fairness and due process.

This is by design, not accident
by zhivota | 2025-06-28 02:17:51+00:00
Only logical thing to do personally is to take it completely off your mobile devices. You still get caught in the dragnet if you have friends and family posting you.

Also in many places WhatsApp is practically a requirement for daily life which is frustrating. What I need is some kind of restricted app sandbox in which to place untrustworthy apps, they see a fake filesystem, fake system calls, etc.
by cellis | 2025-06-28 02:19:38+00:00
If you care to read some cases, this link is informative https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2020-01-23/debates/B8A.... You don’t have to be on “soil” to break these laws. The US certainly extradites loads of people from other countries who still reside there and only broke laws either “online” or through transactions involving the US
by rtpg | 2025-06-28 02:21:21+00:00
I think this qualitative argument is made but is very unsatisfying for something as quantitative as compilation or runtime speeds.

It leads to blithe things about how there's no such things as zero-cost abstractions. But at one point the cost is so low and amortized that you're looking at something that's basically free.

What is the compilation cost of the `?` syntax shorthand? Probably quite low!

What about the compilation cost of underscores in number literals? Again, quite low?

To this point a bit, I think a lot of people talk about the borrow checker, but my understanding is it's fairly low cost, and I don't worry about it.

Monomorphisation costs though? That feels like something that could generate a lot of work.
by billfruit | 2025-06-28 02:21:38+00:00
Like if your read Macaulay's History of England, he does say very much on the King's and Queens, but he's not heaping praise on them, he is very critical of them, sometimes very entertainingly so.

Most of English history as per Macaulay is of conflict between the King and Parliament, with a good amount of religious discord mixed in, between the major groups like the church of England, Catholics and puritans.
by teleforce | 2025-06-28 02:22:05+00:00
>When you have things like macros, advanced type systems, and want robustness guarantees at build time.. then you have to pay for that.

Go and Dlang compilers were designed by those that are really good at compiler design and that's why they're freaking fast. They designed the language around the compiler constraints and at the same managed to make the language intuitive to use. For examples, Dlang has no macro and no unnecessary symbols look-up for the ambiguous >>.

Because of these design decisions both Go and Dlang are anomaly for fast compilation. Dlang in particular is notably more powerful and expressive compared to C++ and Rust even with its unique hybrid GC and non-GC compilation.

In automotive industry it's considered a breakthrough and game changing achievement if you have a fast transmission for seamless auto and manual transmission such as found in the latest Koenigsegg hypercar [1]. In programming industry however, nobody seems to care. Walter Bright the designer of Dlang has background in mechanical engineering and it shows.

[1] Engage Shift System: Koenigsegg new hybrid manual and automatic gearbox in CC850:

https://www.topgear.com/car-news/supercars/heres-how-koenigs...