MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by varispeed | 2025-06-02 18:37:52+00:00
Big consultancy employees doing the same work are paid far less than independent contractors once were, meaning they pay less tax individually, while the consultancy charges the client 2-10x more and funnels the profit through corporate structures to minimise tax further.

You say, "if big firms did X, they'd face similar rules" - but they already do worse, on a much larger scale, and they're rewarded with government contracts, tax privileges, and regulatory cover.

IR35 wasn't about fairness. It was about shutting down small, skilled independents so big firms could lock in the profit stream.

> The tax man just doesn't like large numbers of workers paying less tax than they think they should.

This is pure classism - the assumption that a working-class person cannot possibly run a legitimate business competing with a big consultancy on price and quality. No: they're just a tax-dodging worker who must be stopped.
by taeric | 2025-06-02 18:38:09+00:00
The examples on the wiki page still have structure in the expressions. Though, I grant it is tough to see what was intended there?

From the name, though, I would expect that they would still be fully developed expressions. Just as I would not think you would say the string "(1 2 3)" is the same as the list `(1 2 3)`. Specifically, the structure of it being a list of items there is a vital part of the s-expression.

I don't understand the point on calling eval on the list `(1 2 3)`. My point is you can still have a syntax error, even if you pass it a structured list. Nothing more. To that end, it is not valid code. This does assume "is code" meant "is valid code." But, that feels a safe assumption?

For fun, if you don't allow a distinction between the list `(1 2 3)` and the string "(1 2 3)", then you can also flat out eval "(1 2 3)" without error. But that kind of gets to my core point, that the string and the list are different things.
by GuB-42 | 2025-06-02 18:38:30+00:00
Please read the article before commenting, because I find the proposed solution a bit worrisome.

Of course we should secure IoT, but the article is about one very particular kind of security: roots of trust. The idea is that devices shouldn't run unsigned software, so forget about custom firmwares, and generally owning the hardware.

There is a workaround, sometimes called "user override", where the owners can set their own root-of-trust so that they can install custom software. It may involves some physical action, like pushing a switch, so that it cannot be done remotely by a hacker. But the article doesn't mention that, in fact, it especially mentions that the manufacturer (not the user) is to be trusted and an appropriate response is to reset the device, making it completely unusable for the user. Note that such behavior is considered unacceptable by GPLv3.

There are some cases where it is appropriate, GPLv3 makes a distinction between hardware sold to businesses and "User Products", and I think that's fair. You probably don't want people to tinker with things like credit card terminals. But the article makes no such distinction, even implying that consumer goods are to be included.
by energywut | 2025-06-02 18:38:33+00:00
I've never encountered a radical centrist in the wild before. Now I can say I have. Fascinating.

But the politics of the Dems are absolutely pro-capital, pro-moderate, pro-"nothing fundamentally changes". Biden, Obama, Harris, and Clinton were all "let's not make any radical shifts here, the markets will sort us out, we just need some easily ignorable guard rails on them" candidates.

I don't think the party, at the national level, contains many leftists. Perhaps Sanders (though I think of him as a soc-dem, not a dem-soc, based on his policy positions), and he's not even a member of the party anymore.
by fh973 | 2025-06-02 18:38:34+00:00
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by nradov | 2025-06-02 18:38:39+00:00
I doubt it. The USSR / Russia concept of operations for nuclear missile submarines is way different from NATO countries. They don't typically conduct wide-ranging strategic deterrence patrols out in the open ocean. Instead they tend to stay in or near their own territorial waters, protected by surface warships and land-based aircraft. While US attack submarines have occasionally violated Russian territorial waters for special missions they don't do so on a regular basis because it's so dangerous.
by bsoles | 2025-06-02 18:38:57+00:00
When I took the robotics course in grad school, we spent so much time on inverse kinematics and other complex math. It was pretty intense and gave me the perception that robotics was pretty difficult.

Yet, today, people easily build simple robots using a few rc servos and an Arduino. Somehow kinematics is not really essential if you just want to build simple robotic toys. The pedagogy of robotics courses could have been so much better...
by theGeatZhopa | 2025-06-02 18:39:10+00:00
it would be stupid to do so. If a chef is comming to your house, you still have to buy the things needed AND then you have to pay the chef for his work. Economically non-solvable. Its better to eat/order in a restaurant, because they tend to save on money on buying things and they already have a mixed-calculation/time. Its more expensier for you, if the chef will come to your place and is paid fully by you, because its not possible to do a mixed-calculation/time.

Just go to asia and take a look: its cheap to eat outside and expensive to cook at home most of the times.
by jmyeet | 2025-06-02 18:39:11+00:00
I've thought about this issue a lot. What's become clear to me later in life is that I have ADHD and probably autism. This has not only hindered social relationships, it's lethal to your career to.

Why? Because a bit of autism tends to make you good at your job but allistic people can always seemingly tell you're "off", no matter how well you (try and) mask.

And ultimately career progression is a social game. It's not about being good at your job. It's about whether people like you. Sure there are some outliers who get far on technical ability but they succeed in spite of this not because of it.

So when you say you don't enjoy the "business" of tech, it means you've reached your ceiling where it requires influencing other people as direct reports, as a tech leader or both.

If you're in this boat, and a lot of tech people are IME, then my advice is to make your bag while you can because you will be the first to be discarded and you will suffer at the dark, ugly side of tech, which is ageism.

Avoiding ageism is largely a social exercise. If the leadership at your company likes you, they'll keep you. If they don't, they won't. You'll find yourself randomly picked on a round of layoffs sooner or later.
by wongarsu | 2025-06-02 18:39:18+00:00
That is an issue for the mostly transactional NPCs that make up the majority of NPCs in RPGs. But consider the case of the companion NPC.

If I travel with Batu the Hun and meet Zaya the Hun Slayer I want to be able to ask Batu if I should kill Zaya on the spot or should entertain his offer. That kind of stuff is extremely valuable both for the connection between player and companion and to provide an in-world perspective on the events you witness and the actions you take. But it's also extremely time-intensive to script. It's also very low stakes, it is essentially small-talk. And with some careful design you can limit it to short exchanges with AI-provided dialogue choices and have it distinguishable from scripted dialogue that advances the story
by gjsman-1000 | 2025-06-02 18:39:43+00:00
Sometimes I wonder what would happen, as a beginning step, if we mandated the ability to purchase unlocked bare hardware. The law doesn’t need to require (in the first phase) that iOS or something be compatible with it, but you could at least walk into an Apple Store or Nintendo Store and buy the bare hardware, for your own purposes. Then we could claim it as being only about choice, and allowing software competition, without any plausible security risk.
by mystraline | 2025-06-02 18:40:07+00:00
> Secure from whom?

From the person who thought the sale was ownership. More often, "sale" is 'trade green paper for a license of this physical good, that they retain to do whatever with later at their leisure'.

Look at the scam Nintendo is doing with the Switch 2:

Games no longer have any data other than a serial number to download a game.

Hi tendon claims they can remotely destroy consoles they deem 'modified'. Not 'removed from online play', actually full digital destruction of device.

I support ownership, not this 'we may revoke at any time' licensure.
by hinkley | 2025-06-02 18:41:11+00:00
There is no eight. This is something I’ve heard actual mathematicians complain about to other actual mathematicians: the non math public misunderstands infinite series as “imagine a number so big you can’t fathom it and add 1 more number to it. That’s not how things work.

Going as far as you can imagine and a little farther is an infinitesimal of the real infinite.
by Vrondi | 2025-06-02 18:41:17+00:00
During that 10 years, inflation happened. Covid supply chain issues happened. Now, tariff uncertainty is happening. At the same time, the screen resolution of these devices has increased, the refresh rates have gotten faster, etc. Yes, even a "plain black and white" e-ink screen has slowly had tech improvements. So really, the price staying the same or going up a little is pretty expected. Most also have more other features now than 10 years ago.
by mjr00 | 2025-06-02 18:41:50+00:00
I didn't interpret the article that way.

> Being useful means that you are good at getting things done in a specific area, so that people above you can delegate that completely. You are reliable, efficient, maybe even indispensable in the short term. But you are seen primarily as a gap-filler, someone who delivers on tasks that have to be done but are not necessarily a core component of the company strategy.

I take this to mean "usefulness" is: you have a tactical role in the company, where you are able to perform necessary tasks. If you can perform them with little supervision, you are very useful.

However, "value" is eliminating those gaps entirely. Instead of being the on-call person who fixes every issue, which is undeniably useful, you fix the root causes so those issues don't happen. This does make you less useful, by definition, because fewer on-call issues means there's fewer reasons to keep you around. But assuming you also do an ok job of communicating what you've done, and your bosses aren't totally clueless, people will recognize this as valuable. The fact that you were able to identify a systemic issue and address it is what makes you valuable, and it will get you invited into broader technically strategic discussions. In theory, at least.

Again these are just my interpretation of useful vs valuable as far as the article's definition. I don't agree with the terms in a broader sense.
by steve_adams_86 | 2025-06-02 18:42:05+00:00
Yes, if you can get okay at printing, the friction from idea to implementation dissolves quite a bit. If you're building POCs, it doesn't matter than this gear won't work be durable or that chassis is ugly. Having it in hand for pennies means you'll actually build your idea. It's much like using packages in software. Maybe they aren't perfect fits for what you're building, but they get you close enough. You can refine later once you know the system works. The gap between idea and implementation is so dramatically reduced that it doesn't matter.
by iroddis | 2025-06-02 18:42:16+00:00
I subscribe to both Linux Magazine and Admin Magazine, both at [1]. I found they are more technical than Linux Format, and I’ve often come across things in them that have been useful and wouldn’t have shown up in my normal stream of news.

I would highly recommend them to anyone interested, they’re also surprisingly re-readable.

[1] https://www.linux-magazine.com/
by magicalhippo | 2025-06-02 18:43:15+00:00
Noise. Either directly as a source, which is then filtered to produce say a cymbal sound, or indirectly by creating timing variance, ie notes not playing exactly at the beat each time, which makes things sound less artificial and more pleasing.

It can also be used to dither[1] the result when doing a final rendering, to improve the noise floor.

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noise_shaping
Ask HN: Suitable database to store and manage Growing Likes and Reactions
by r0ckysharma | 2025-06-02 18:43:23+00:00
Hi Hackers,

I am seeking an experience-based comment on effectively storing thousands of likes and reactions that occur every second in a database. What database have you chosen, and if possible, answer why as well, along with schema/format!

We are currently using a custom key-value Go-based database, but now it's getting messy with growing numbers and is complex to manage.

How do apps like Discord maintain so many reactions for every post effectively and fetch them from the DB so effectively?

( User X liked Post Y with Reaction Z ) + ( User X liked Post Y with Reaction A ) + ( User B liked Post Y with Reaction C ) and so on..

Expectation:

- Fetch and return all reactions for the provided lists ( not paginated ), like 18,978 thumbs-up, 800 love, 1900 dislikes for every single item of the provided ID lists.

- Database can track the counting of total likes/reactions and can be fetched repeatedly for lists and specific items.

Thanks
by ahstilde | 2025-06-02 18:43:38+00:00
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Localhost Text To Video: What are the best alternatives?
by wtcactus | 2025-06-02 18:43:40+00:00
I started to search for a local hosted alternative for text to video, and I've realized this is easier said than done.

A web search comes up with a lot of results, but mostly with old entries (old in the context of AI) and, worst, with no way of comparison.

The real issue, is that when I find some potential candidate for local hosting, I don't have any way to compare it and know if it's good or not.

So, do you have any recommendations? Better yet, is there some website that keeps updated recommendations for this?
by mrguyorama | 2025-06-02 18:43:57+00:00
The consequences of letting someone get away with "Don't prevent my wars of conquest or I will nuke you" is the end of peace.

The consequences are no different than when we tried that in the 30s. Appeasement doesn't work. Bullies and madmen only respect force.

If "neener neener I'll nuke you" works for Putin to take literally all of Ukraine, why would they stop? Why wouldn't China take something? Why wouldn't India? Why wouldn't the US?
by dhosek | 2025-06-02 18:44:14+00:00
What doesn’t seem to be addressed is the name, Artificial Mondrian. The works may not be infringing on Mondrian’s copyright (and I don’t think they are or should be), but the use of Mondrian’s name would almost certainly be infringing on Mondrian’s moral rights, if not legal ones as it implies an endorsement by Mondrian or his estate (although if Mondrian didn’t have a trademark on his name, which seems unlikely, he doesn’t have legal recourse).
by Spivak | 2025-06-02 18:44:18+00:00
This argument can be applied equally against the weekend so I'm not sure it holds that much water. We've figured out how to have people work 5 out of 7 days, what drastically changes if it becomes 4? What if it had always been 4?

But to answer your question about coverage, $dayjob handles that with an on-call rotation and moving shifts for customer support.
by mrmueller612 | 2025-06-02 18:44:19+00:00
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by TeisJayaswal | 2025-06-02 18:44:53+00:00
Location: Seattle Remote: Open to Remote/Hybrid/Office

Willing to Relocate: Yes, preferably SF

Technologies: Typescript, React, Next.js, Golang, PostgreSQL

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Email: teisjayaswal@gmail.com

About me:

- Fullstack developer with experience at venture-backed startups building APIs and dashboards, and managing scalable infrastructure.

- Joined my current role as a founding engineer, focusing on backend development, but later took full ownership of the frontend as well.

- Built core infrastructure using Golang, TypeScript, and React — developing scalable backend services, user-facing features, and robust API integrations. Also designed and implemented dashboarding features for data visualization and managed cloud infrastructure

- Summa cum laude graduate of the University of Chicago

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by rbanffy | 2025-06-02 18:47:02+00:00
In this case, you would be liable by any damage your compromised devices might cause. Let's say you find updates in your house battery/inverter are annoying and, then, someone takes over it and cause a power surge in the neighborhood. That'd not be on the hardware manufacturer, who did their best to avoid such incidents, but on you, who clearly didn't.

If you knowingly use obsolete and insecure devices, you might end up being liable for their actions.
by hollerith | 2025-06-02 18:47:03+00:00
Subs are very hard to track or to locate, which is why Washington has been deploying two thirds of their strategic warheads (the ones that are ready to use as opposed to being in cold storage or in disassembled state) on subs and why Russia, China, Britain, France and India all decided incur the substantial expense of deploying nukes on subs, too.
by jerf | 2025-06-02 18:47:15+00:00
You'll know full-on no-engineer-required AI is here when you can point an AI at an IoT device and say "hack it", walk away for 30 minutes, and come back to a hacked device.

I'm not even being sarcastic. Most of them aren't that hard to hack now as it is; I know a guy who broke at least two devices in under an hour each because that's how bad they are. A piece of junk that goes out today that maybe still flies under the radar and nobody bothers to hack it isn't going to fly under the radar in a world where there's 10, 20, 50 times more "software engineering" power in the world, in the hands of a lot more people. In 5 years those things are going to be a nightmare for their owners, for their manufacturers, for all kinds of people.
by mikestew | 2025-06-02 18:47:25+00:00
I wouldn’t expect mosquitoes that far north.

Alaska would like a word. Worst mosquitoes (both in size and number) I’ve ever experienced were at the Arctic Circle campground. They’re so big, they don’t even make a buzzing sound, it’s more like “flap, flap, flap”. (I exaggerate only slightly.)
by cathmere | 2025-06-02 18:47:40+00:00
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by energywut | 2025-06-02 18:47:47+00:00
Scale matters. Reducing an example down to a single artist reproducing a single style of a single other artist isn't theft, it's a fundamentally different thing. Kawano is not making a tool that can predict and reproduce all art produced by all artists with a reasonably high degree of success.

If I use a single sample from a single record (say, drawing from the Amen Break) to build a small number of songs, that's fundamentally different from being able to wholesale lift the musical stylings of every artist across time.

Remix culture is important, and copying small elements out by hand with intention is an important part of remix culture. But the scale matters. The industrialization matters.

A kid taping the radio is different from Spotify selling every piece of music for a subscription and sending (almost) nothing on to the artists. Sure, both cut the artist out, but the scale matters.