MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by ben_w | 2025-06-02 13:49:37+00:00
There's also multiple things that all have to function for a nuke to function. I don't want to under-state how bad even a 10% chance of these working is, but I think there's a only a 10% chance of any given nuke reaching its target and exploding as intended. Some of that's correlated and applies to all the nukes, some of it isn't.

Just for the sake of examples as I don't have any real insight, consider a tritium-boosted weapon that's expected to have a yield of 1MT. If this is set to detonate at the altitude that maximises the area of destruction, but the tritium was last replaced in 1990 and has been slowly decaying without replacement since then, then it's a nasty fireball in the sky that you can sit directly underneath with minimal risk.*

Part of the reason the Soviets went for ever-bigger nukes was that they couldn't aim very well (also a reason for the US to briefly attempt air-to-air nukes, which is how I know you can hang around under an exploding fission bomb without ill effect). If the avionics are all filled with some combination of Soviet-era vacuum tubes but the vacuum leaked, and/or old-and-leaky electrolytic capacitors that no longer hold charge, they won't even reach any specific target.

US anti-missile defence has been improving over the years. I wouldn't want to hubristically claim they're now "good" (I mean, look at the US space industry outside SpaceX), but the defences are likely to be better than they were when the USSR was still a peer.

Someone might have decided it was much cheaper to get fuel for a nuclear a nuclear reactor by replacing a bomb's core with the same volume of depleted uranium.

And of course, if they are ordered to fire, the submarines might accidentally sink themselves instead, like the Kursk did.

* My best guess is that an unboosted primary is about 15kt, but this is still true for somewhat larger primaries as https://nuclearsecrecy.com/nukemap/ says a 1MT nuke maximising 5psi overpressure damage area would be at 3120 m altitude. I assume that if I were in-the-know for exactly what yield was in the un-boosted primary, I'd be under some obligation of secrecy.
by jjani | 2025-06-02 13:49:38+00:00
It would not be surprising if half of the pre-"vibe coding" mobile apps that use Supabase have the exact same security holes. This is really nothing new, it's inherent to RLS being just the technology that sounds incredibly convenient to beginners yet comes with the right footguns they are likely to miss, despite Supabase doing its best with warnings in the UI. I think SB is a cool company that means well, but RLS will never be reliable. It takes too much discipline to use safely and reliably on any meaningful project, and at that point it's simpler to just roll an API or a few serverless functions.
by greedo | 2025-06-02 13:50:05+00:00
My argument is that countering this threat is non-trivial, there are no existing systems in the US that address this threat, and that simplistic solutions should be evaluated on their merits. It's far too easy to hand wave away the complexities of the drone threat.

For example, say we deploy an Arena/Trophy type system around an airbase? What are the ROE for its use? Do we keep it operating 24/7 or only when the threat level seems high enough? Most airbases in the US have small security detachments, and they have ROE that tell them not to blow up semi trucks that might have stalled on a road near the fence. So how do they counter an attack like Ukraine just pulled off?
by jeroenhd | 2025-06-02 13:50:06+00:00
It looks like this started all the way back in the beginning of last year: https://www.mimecast.com/blog/guide-to-google-dmarc-setup/

This overview also shows other requirements you may have missed: https://www.proofpoint.com/us/blog/email-and-cloud-threats/g...

As for DMARC in the headers, I'm pretty sure Google has done that for years when DMARC is being checked (i.e. when it's being offered by the sending domain).
by giantg2 | 2025-06-02 13:50:24+00:00
It's not that surprising of an accomplishment if you have it target everyone. Gross location movement is available using stuff like GPS and is commonly found in higher end commercial drones. Fine movement for just track and kill movement is not hard with object detection functionality common in security cameras and stuff. You could install any weapon on a drone of suffience size. Technically, I would assume the most powerful that could be fitted to almost any size drone to be biological agents that could be spread over crowds.
by lolinder | 2025-06-02 13:50:34+00:00
> but OTOH "never improve much" seems unrealistic, given the insane progress of the field in the last 3ish years

The point is that no one should hire an intern or a junior because they think it will improve their team's productivity. You hire interns and juniors because there's a causal link between "I hired an intern and spent money training them" and "they joined my company full time and a year later are now productive, contributing members of the team". It's an investment in the future, not a productivity boost today.

There is no causal link between "I aggressively adopted Claude Code in 2025" and "Claude Code in 2026 functions as a full software engineer without babysitting". If I sit around and wait a year without adopting Claude Code that will have no measurable impact on Claude Code's 2026 performance, so why would I adopt it now if it's still at intern- or junior-level skill?

If we accept that Claude is a junior-level contribution then the rational move is to wait and watch for now and only adopt it in earnest if and when it uplevels.
by naravara | 2025-06-02 13:51:12+00:00
My kid was recently gifted a Yoto Box which plays aIndio and he loves it. I can’t help but think that putting ebooks on scannable cards might be a seriously underrated form factor. At that point you don’t need a file browser, networking, or anything. You just need to be able to read text and images off the card.

The Yoto itself does need networking because the card is just an NFC tag that points to a file in a database somewhere that the player has to download. But something similar to a video game cartridge instead could probably work. IIRC a Nintendo Switch game cartridge costs about $10 per unit and in this use case you wouldn’t even need them to be that small so you could maybe get them cheaper.
by technothrasher | 2025-06-02 13:51:15+00:00
> Google has gone to great lengths to ensure that a phone without its proprietary libraries and SafetyNet attestation

This SafetyNet nonsense is now why I begrudgingly have an iPhone. After playing cat and mouse with Google for a long while, I'd had enough. The main reason I was on Android was because of the freedom I had (or, used to have). If I have to be walled in, Apple has a better garden than does Google.
by robertlagrant | 2025-06-02 13:51:28+00:00
> Too many workers are overworked and underpaid. If someone is undervalued, the answer isn't to give them more responsibilities (without a commensurate bump in pay). The answer is to pay your workers properly

I think this is very hard to measure, particularly from our outside perspective. I understand it may be more of a worldview axiom than a fact, and will get a chorus of nods in a group conversation, but I think it should be tested more like a fact than an axiom.
by ALLTaken | 2025-06-02 13:51:31+00:00
This is really not true my friend. I would love to help you if I had some more time, but let me look for a tutorial.

Because the FineWeb Dataset is already super good. You can train 7B or 32B Param models at home

The >600B Param model isn't really using all the data effectively, but with a MacStudio Farm you can also train that one at home (if you have enough money to buy at least 100).

Here's the easy way: https://github.com/FareedKhan-dev/train-deepseek-r1

More details: https://www.bentoml.com/blog/the-complete-guide-to-deepseek-...

Here's how DeepSeek-R1-Zero was built, basically from 0 to Hero, including weights the FULL Training Data and everything you need to get it running locally or on servers.https://medium.com/@GenerationAI/how-deepseek-r1-zero-was-re...

For $30 USD you can also train a small DeepSeek at home!

https://github.com/Jiayi-Pan/TinyZero

https://huggingface.co/deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-R1-Zero (the model)
by naasking | 2025-06-02 13:51:33+00:00
> Also, why keeping a history of all memory changes will prevent losing heat?

How much power does a persistent storage (hard drive, SSD) require to preserve its stored data? Zero, which is why it emits zero heat.

> Who needs to go back in time in their computations??

At its most basic level, erasing/overwriting data requires energy. This generates a lot of heat. Heat dissipation is a major obstacle to scaling chips down even further. If you can design a computer that doesn't need to erase nearly as much data, you generate orders of magnitude less heat, and this potentially opens up more scaling potential and considerable power savings.
by hn_throwaway_99 | 2025-06-02 13:52:00+00:00
I'll clarify, because, at least in my read of it, I am saying something very different than the author.

I was using "valued" in scare quotes that sentence you quoted - yes, I agree, the literal meaning of what I was saying is that they were useful until they weren't.

But, thus, I think it's important to understand that, at least from a business perspective, they were never "valued", and so I don't think it's helpful to think of things in those terms - again, I think that term implies a, well, value judgement that is inappropriate in the context.

By analogy, what I'm trying to say is similar to the difference between using the words "team" and "family" in a business context. I think using team is fine - teams want to win, and they cut people all the time if they don't have the right skills to help them win. Using the word "family" is simply bullshit, and it's just manipulation by business owners to try to get more work out of employees.

So my advice is to not ever think of yourself as "valued" in business. Remember that you are always just useful depending on the context of your role, your skills, and the current business environment.
by gadders | 2025-06-02 13:52:05+00:00
I am bad at this as well. I think part of it is to do with my upbringing as a poor, smart kid at a bad school. The way to be well thought of by teachers was to not cause a fuss and get good grades whilst the teachers concentrated on the disruptive kids.

I shudder at the thought of becoming one of those gobshites that asks senior management questions in townhalls like "How do you stay so grounded with all the awesome responsibility you are dealing with?"

There a few things that motivated me to start self publicising a bit more:

1) A Chris Williamson podcast where he said "Shy bairns get nowt" and also "Somewhere there is someone with half your talent and twice your confidence earning 10x your salary."

2) I email all my senior stakeholders (not just my line manager) details of the major projects I am working on. I try and frame this as an "FYI" and an offer for them to add extra context or re-align my priorities.

3) You can try this approach as well: https://jvns.ca/blog/brag-documents/
by andrepd | 2025-06-02 13:52:15+00:00
Oh yeah yeah, I'm a massive fan of the trilogy so I've gone through all the BTS and staff interviews and whatnot. The consensus among the vfx artists is that yeah, while Davy Jones looks great due to its mix of procedural + handmade animation, it's also completely impractical to do; it was hundreds and hundreds of hours for each few seconds of Davy Jones' tentacles to be perfect.
by HelloMcFly | 2025-06-02 13:52:17+00:00
The stylistic evolution of Picasso and Godard over time is undeniable, but I think it’s also worth considering that Anderson is working in a medium that isn’t just visual, but also narrative, thematic, sonic, and performative. His evolution as an artist is not truly represented by his shifts in color palettes, framing, or editing technique, but you can see it in the emotional territory he explores, the narrative structures he experiments with. While he stays within his own unique aesthetic framework, he is pushing against the boundaries within it.

Asteroid City, for example, is doing something genuinely different, not just in tone, but in structure, layering fiction and grief in a way that feels disorienting and profound. And while his style is often imitated or parodied, nobody else is actually making movies like his with that particular blend of rigor, melancholy, humor, formality, and precision. We should celebrate having a unique voice and perspective, he's a major part of the diversity of creation, he's way outside the boiled-down average the rest of the industry pushes towards.
by thunder-blue-3 | 2025-06-02 13:52:19+00:00
fwiw, I tried something similar about 5–10 years ago. I wasn’t using LLMs like the abstract here suggests, and honestly, I’m not sure how you'd act on a signal fast enough with them. When I gave it a shot, there was some slight predictive value, but in the end it felt like noise and gambling, so I moved on.
by oldpersonintx2 | 2025-06-02 13:52:26+00:00
but if you look at bond yields, there really isn't that much of a freakout

something like the "Big Beautiful Bill" is going to pass, so its not like the bond market is working in a vacuum

anecdotally, if the world didn't meltdown at the outrageous levels of ten, twenty, thirty trillion in debt...why would the world all of a sudden collapse at forty trillion in debt? if debt was a timebomb, it should have detonated decades ago
by reginald78 | 2025-06-02 13:52:30+00:00
As a counterpoint, I'm RMAing a Seagate HDD that I used for biweekly backups at the moment. It completed half of the backup as usual, there was a failure in the logs where it dropped out and now it constantly errors and clicks on startup and cannot be reformatted. Spontaneous failure with no data available, although I did neglect to try the freezer trick since it was a backup drive.

SD cards are probably one of the less reliable mediums but I think I'd take two copies of important data on two SD cards over one on a hard drive if I was really worried about losing the data. Wouldn't be my first choice though!
by TrackerFF | 2025-06-02 13:54:11+00:00
I'm not joking, but some of those Lego robotics kits can work just fine for getting your feet wet. Yes, even if they are made for kids.

When I started out, it was with microcontrollers, breadboards, sensors, actuators. And even though it was in college, I do wish I had just played around with more high-level stuff first.
by spudlyo | 2025-06-02 13:54:35+00:00
Thanks for the tip! I love well narrated audiobooks, and I've been meaning to get into one of le Carré's books for a while. I see he narrates the "John le Carré Value Collection" on Audible which has Tailor of Panama, Our Game, and Night Manager for a single credit. Is that what you're referring to?

Along those lines, there is a great 2007 unabridged audiobook[0] of Frank Herbert's Dune that is read by Simon Vance for narration, but other characters are dramatically performed by other voice actors. It's excellent, but sadly a tad bit uneven and inconsistent in production. It's like they got 3/4ths of the way through the project and some of the original voice actors couldn't complete the project and Vance had to pick up the slack. Regardless, it's still one of my favorite audiobooks.

[0]: https://libro.fm/audiobooks/9781427201447-dune
by bubblyworld | 2025-06-02 13:54:55+00:00
Hah, nice one! I didn't know about multiset when I went about this (some years ago) and ended up proving all sorts of facts about sorted sets and partitions.

I think you've changed my mind, actually, thank you. I still maintain that this requires more mathematical maturity than diving into react, but I may be saying that out of ignorance of react's internals =P
by wizardforhire | 2025-06-02 13:55:07+00:00
I think in the interest of hn pedantry we need some pushback on what our threshold is for what is critical or not? Lives on the line? Cleary critical! Anything after this is up for debate. Lots of money at risk? Maybe. Lots of people being affected? Maybe Lots of people losing their jobs? Maybe A company going out of business? Maybe

While most things in entertainment do not pass the first test. There are plenty of examples that absolutely pass all of the others.

I only say most because there are numerous circumstances where in the entertainment industries where maybe not always the final product but definitely during production where lives are on the line.

I have a problem with defining things as critical or not because you have no idea what your products or solutions may end up being used for. If things are being used by people in a production capacity and the collective stake of the success or failure of the endeavor rests upon the tools and solutions performing as designed then one could argue these are critical. But to whom? When designers don't see their solutions as critical it breeds laziness and pushes the responsibility for auditing onto the user who most likely doesn't even know to audit because they were sold a solution and made the mistake of taking a vendors word. Which maybe we should all be tearing down all of our electronics and reverse engineering all of our software so that we can have some semblance of functionality… And I know plenty of studios which do just this down to tearing down and making all and I do mean all of their cables because for them one stray bit of interference is critical. Why are they in this position? Because nothing and no one in tech or any other industry can be trusted. And when your career and reputation, and livelihood is on the line then everything starts to look critical. Maybe its only the livelihood of one? But to them its critical.
by thinkingtoilet | 2025-06-02 13:55:32+00:00
I make ~$220k with my bonus. I live in a rural area and work remotely so that money goes a long way. I also don't really have expensive hobbies. Well, my hobbies could be expensive but I don't go down the road some people do. I have a wife and two kids. A decent portion of my money goes to the normal family expenses including retirement savings. Outside of that, my biggest expenses, in order-ish, are:

- Concerts. My wife and I love going to see music so it's maybe $100 bucks for a concert or two per month.

- Once or twice a year I'll buy myself a new guitar pedal. They tend to be higher quality ones so that will run you $300 - $400 easy.

- Pokemon cards. My son got into and I got hooked. It's a deep strategy game and it's tons of fun. We probably spend ~$50 a month on this. We go to a game store to play on the weekends so we always buy a pack or two to help support the store.

- The usual drugs. Alcohol. Weed. The less usual but still good drugs, mushrooms and molly (pure MDMA) a few times a year.

If I had a billion dollars I would probably have things like a personal driver and chef, and maybe a few nicer guitars and some sweet-ass pokemon cards, but overall I want for nothing. As you can see, I tend to spend money on experiences instead of things. The physical things I do buy, pedals and cards, are for things I do with other people. My biggest restriction is having two kids, 4 and 7. I would love to travel more but it's not a money issue.
by deng | 2025-06-02 13:56:14+00:00
Not sure if that is still accurate. This might only be available for Mac, but on the FAQ for Nome II it says this:

Can Nome II send MIDI Notes?

Nome II is like a MIDI hub, you can ask it to forward any MIDI sent over USB to one of its MIDI outputs. It will not only forward these instantly but merge them smartly with the MIDI Clock, without affecting it.
Show HN: Non-Linear Prompt Workflow Builder
by qwertyu_alex | 2025-06-02 13:56:17+00:00
I found ChatGPT to be limiting if you're working with long chains of prompts.

So I build this tool to work to have more control. The prompt nodes can only see direct connections.

I've been using this tool mainly for writing articles, but I'm wondering what other use-cases this could be relevant for.
by Apreche | 2025-06-02 13:56:40+00:00
I make almost all purchasing decisions using one simple metric, will I use it? More precisely, the question is will I use it an amount that justifies the expense?

This applies for small purchases like a tempting snack at the grocery store. Am I going to eat it? Will I really enjoy this? If so, ok. If it will sit in the cabinet and be passed over for other snacks, no.

It applies to large purchases as well. Should I buy this very expensive bicycle? Yes, I will ride it. And as it turns out, I did. It’s almost 10 years old, and I still ride it a lot.

I’m also regularly going through my belongings and donating, selling, and trashing things I don’t use. This helps me to learn over time and make better purchasing decisions. It also helps me reduce the amount of crap I have. Best of all it’s really nice when I can give something to someone who appreciates it much more and will make better use of it.

The result is that other than the regular essential things to maintain life such as food, household goods, etc. I buy things extremely rarely. The thing I spend the most disposable income on is probably tickets to shows, sports, and other experiences. If you ask me if I’ll use them and enjoy them, the answer is almost always yes.

The only thing I want, but can’t afford, is real estate. I could afford real estate in a place with lower property value, but I only want NYC real estate. It’s not happening.
by osigurdson | 2025-06-02 13:56:49+00:00
I think the author is over indexing on the value that the company brings to its customers and the value that an employee beings to the company - as if there is just a kind of lossless value roll up going on here. In reality, there are many humans in the mix - various gatekeepers with all kinds of objective functions that are not necessarily aligned with the overall stated objective of the company. The better a company is, the more aligned it will be, but still good to keep in mind the gatekeeper layers in an org and what their actual objective functions are.
by DougN7 | 2025-06-02 13:58:02+00:00
This isn’t anonymous enough for me to give any details. Nearing retirement so I’ll just say I can buy almost whatever I want, especially if I raided the retirement account, but have finally discovered those things don’t bring happiness. There’s a great cartoon I lost track of that shows a person walking around with a huge hole in their chest, and how different people try filling it with various things (sex, drugs, drinking, money, fame, other people, hobbies(?), etc). While that gaping hole is there, money means very little. How to fill it? Still trying to figure that out.
by LeifCarrotson | 2025-06-02 13:58:14+00:00
I've observed that they generally choose not to defecate on their eggs, and they spend a lot of time in their nests, so they at least have some awareness if not control of the process.

I'm skeptical that they can be considered "pretty smart" - your expected intelligence level has to be pretty low to be surprised by a chicken's brain. If you anticipate little more than an unfeeling, unthinking plant - yeah, they've got emotional and social capacity, will bond with humans, and they can occasionally be clever when sufficiently motivated, but they're not the sharpest bulbs in the barn.
by francisofascii | 2025-06-02 13:58:16+00:00
I admit, have a negative feeling that if my Computer Science discipline is going down in the Titanic, then other disciplines should go down with me. I know its not a good attitude. It feels unfair that CS job will be the first to fall, but we have had it so good for so long, maybe it is fair. Our industry moves so fast. I suspect lawyers, doctors, other "white collar" jobs will take longer and be slower to disrupt due to societal delays and protections (unions, laws, etc.), even though AI could potentially affect these disciplines more down the road.