MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by dwg | 2025-06-10 13:44:49+00:00
Essentially agree.

Nonetheless, if reports are to be believed the post-rule change decline is significant, and I can’t help but wonder how big of a positive feedback loop—in other words a bubble—was being created. The gap was, after all, built up over several decades.

The usual culprit you mentioned, perhaps aren’t as much of a factor as we usually ascribe to them.

Just speculating.

Thanks for sharing the report.
by taylodl | 2025-06-10 13:45:19+00:00
The traditional model of containers as lightweight processes managed by a general-purpose operating system is increasingly showing its age. Why should containers be guests of an OS when they can be the OS?

Instead of relying on a monolithic kernel to orchestrate containers, we can flip the script: run containers as unikernels: self-contained, single-purpose operating systems compiled with only the code they need.

This approach offers:

- Minimal attack surface: No unused syscalls, no bloated libraries.

- Blazing-fast boot times: Ideal for ephemeral workloads and scaling.

- Tighter resource control: No scheduler contention, no noisy neighbors.

What about system administration? Introduce a dedicated sysadmin container, a privileged unikernel equipped with diagnostic tools, monitoring agents, and secure access mechanisms. It becomes the only container with visibility into the host, enforcing the principle of least privilege across the rest of the system.

QNX, a real-time microkernel OS, is a perfect foundation for this architecture:

- Microkernel design: Only essential services run in kernel space; everything else is modular and isolated.

- Proven reliability: Used in mission-critical systems from automotive to aerospace.

- Deterministic behavior: Ideal for predictable container orchestration and real-time workloads.

QNX could act as the hypervisor or orchestration layer, launching unikernel containers as isolated processes or VMs, each with its own tailored runtime. The sysadmin container could interface with QNX’s message-passing architecture to manage and monitor the system without compromising isolation.

This model aligns with the broader trend toward immutable infrastructure and zero-trust security. By treating each container as a unikernel and system administration as just another service, we move toward a world where:

- The OS disappears into the background.

- Containers are sovereign, secure, and specialized.

- The system is easier to reason about, audit, and scale.

Bottom line: containers should not be an operating system responsibility. Operating systems should effectively go away.
by JohnFen | 2025-06-10 13:45:41+00:00
If I'm looking for something recent or that I already know the approximate date the note was made on, I just read through the notes from the relevant time period. I also keep notes in my physical notebooks about what information is found in which note textfile on the computer.

In practice, I rarely actually need to grep or otherwise use tools to search through the notes. My eyes work fine (and, for me, are even better because I get reminded of the context in which the notes were taken).

The odd thing about the paper notebooks is that I rarely actually need to use them. Just the act of making the notes greatly enhances my natural recall of them anyway. If the notes are something deeply technical (a bunch of raw data, schematics, whatever), having written them by hand also makes me remember where I wrote them. That sort of thing only happens when handwriting, though (which is why I came back to handwriting notes). It doesn't happen at all if I've typed them into a computer.

I've probably tried just about every "knowledge manager" or note-taking application there is at one time or another, but for me and how my brain works, nothing comes close to being as effective as writing things in notebooks.
by andrewlgood | 2025-06-10 13:45:45+00:00
Amortization/depreciation is actually pretty important for understanding the performance of a company. Imagine a firm buys a piece of software to run its business. In year 1 it pays $10M for the software then $1M per year in maintenance thereafter. The software enables the firm to make $2.5M Revenue in year 1 and ramp up to $3.5M thereafter. Assume no other expenses. Without amortization of the software expense, it would look like the business lost $7.5M in year 1, then made $2.5M per year for next 4 years. With amortization, the business makes $0.5M per year consistently which better reflects the stable nature of the business.

Note: ($10M / 5 years =2 m·$/year ). Year 1: $2.5M Revenue - $2.0M amort = $0.5M profit. Years 2-5 have $3.5M revenue - ($2.0M amort + $1M maintenance)= $0.5M profit.
by Balgair | 2025-06-10 13:46:07+00:00
Aside: I hang out in 'Pro Natalism' social media every once in a while.

It's a really strange place and a bit fun as a result.

The thing is that low fertility impacts everyone, so you get a lot of strange bedfellows. The fundamentalists of nearly every religion are interacting with each other, not always calmly, but mostly. And they're boosting very pro Marxist accounts for some article or study from a very pro capitalist account. You get radical trad-fems interacting with Catholics and Mormons calmly. You have Pakistanis and Indians not shouting at each other. Even Democrats and Republicans are holding hands and clutching pearls.

Really, it's just the LGBT community's wings that aren't there. Because they mostly have no dog in the pro natalism fight.

They had a conference earlier this year in ... Austin (?). It went okayish. Mostly just neckbeardy dudes with like too many kids and a Mormon bent. But also some good talks from the history folks and some socialists.

I have exactly zero hopes that any of these people stay coherent in this goal. It's just not in the nature of social media to abet it.

But still, an interesting place while it's here.
by noworriesnate | 2025-06-10 13:46:09+00:00
You need to be informed to know which doctor is better. I generally try to follow the advice of my family doctor, but that’s because I’ve made an informed decision on past experiences where I double checked him.

But that’s easy with a doctor you have a long term relationship with. I imagine it’s different eg. if you get cancer it’s probably going to just be a part time job to keep informed on all the doctor’s recommendations, and getting second opinions sounds like it would be time prohibitive. I don’t know of an easy way around this though.
by littlestymaar | 2025-06-10 13:46:10+00:00
What I love with Raph Levien is how it does exactly the opposite of what most people do in tech: given the current financial incentives, the only thing most people can afford is to do something “good enough” as fast as possible, and in the end we end up with lots of subpar, half-baked solutions that cannot be fixed properly because many people rely on the tool they have and fixing it in depth would break everyone's workflow. Until the next solution appears, and given the same structural constraints, end up failing in the exact same shortcomings.

Instead Raph has spent the past 9 years I believe, trying to create a sound foundation on the problem of performant UI rendering.

I don't know how it will go, and he's going to end up shipping his grand vision at all eventually, but I really appreciate the effort of “doing something well” in a world that pretty much only rewards “doing something quickly”.
by jjcob | 2025-06-10 13:46:37+00:00
If you start writing an app now, by the time it's polished enough to release it, the iPhone 16 will already be a year old phone, and there will be plenty potential customers.

If your app is worthwhile, and gets popular in a few years, by that time iPhone 16 will be an old phone and a reasonable minimum target.

Skate to where the puck is going...
by Aurornis | 2025-06-10 13:46:43+00:00
> I've heard a low dose of Emsam (6mg) gives a better, more stable dopamine baseline, without getting into MAO-A inhibition that happens at upper doses.

This is the broscience theory that you find on Internet forums, but it didn’t play out positively in the actual clinical trials. Getting into full MAOI inhibition was necessary for positive effects.

The “more dopamine” theory appeals to people who treat the brain as a simple machine where you’re adjusting levels of different chemicals, but doesn’t really work out in practice. Dopamine is the neurotransmitter du jour in these circles, but mood and mental health are more than one chemical.
by zmgsabst | 2025-06-10 13:46:52+00:00
Sure — but now we’re back in the case the person above me was calling out and I was emphasizing by pointing out the stochastic nature: you moved the goal posts.

From their comment:

> Which is why it's not really incredible that it can be done: it can't, not as the problem was originally stated. What can be done is solving a different (but useful) problem than the one originally posed.

You can have an arbitrarily small bias, at the cost of increased runtime — but you can’t have a zero bias algorithm that always terminates. You have to move the goalposts (allowing some bias or exceedingly rare cases to not terminate).

I’m not sure why people have such a hard time admitting that.
by UncleMeat | 2025-06-10 13:46:56+00:00
But if those specific concerns about specific vaccines end up being "every single vaccine has concerns and there is no mechanism by which we can assuage these concerns" then the material effect is the exact same as if there is a general ideological opposition to all vaccination.

"Vaccines could be safe if we can demonstrate that the moon is made of cheese" is the same as "vaccines are all unsafe."
by franktankbank | 2025-06-10 13:47:08+00:00
I've got kids and am not elite so that might sound like I'm in agreement with you. However, I do worry my kids will struggle because of the rampant greed of the elite. Will my kid be able to even follow in my footsteps? Put another way, will the children two-three generations from now be populated almost exclusively by the elite of today and their imported labor? If we have that as an endpoint then why would I want to subject my potential kids to that grizzly middle ground?
by WhyNotHugo | 2025-06-10 13:47:46+00:00
I'd split that first list into two:

1a. Arbitrary apps can listen on ports without permissions.

1b. Arbitrary apps can access local ports without permissions.

I've recently been experimenting with running the browser (on my desktop) in a network namespace precisely because of these reasons. Random websites shouldn't be able to access services running on localhost.
by vel0city | 2025-06-10 13:48:03+00:00
> we should try to make conditions better for everyone such that fewer people are poor

Explain how work requirements to qualify for Medicaid makes conditions better to ensure there are fewer poor people. Doesn't this just harm people who can't work due to disability, and practically ensure they will never get better enough to work and contribute to society?

Sure saves a lot of money for wealthy people though.
Imagining a Roman Industrial Revolution
by miki_tyler | 2025-06-10 13:48:12+00:00
This is a proof-of-concept webcomic that asks: What if knowledge from 2025 reached Rome and kicked off an industrial revolution? The story follows two voices: • Ulysses, a present-day archaeologist who finds a glowing slate in the dig site. • Marcus, an educated household slave in 79 AD who replies on that slate.

Why I’m posting I’d love narrative feedback. – Does the story make sense? – Are Ulyses and Marcus believable? – Which directions would you explore next (politics, tech, moral fallout)?

What’s live today • First issue, 25 rough pages. • No paywall; just a PDF.

Next steps Regular releases toward a 8 or 10 issues collection. I’ll revise based on your critiques and wild speculations.

Grateful for any thoughts on pacing, historical plausibility, or character depth.

Thanks for reading!
by drweevil | 2025-06-10 13:48:50+00:00
I have a Framework 13 (https://frame.work) running Arch. There are plenty of other distros if you value ease of installation. Pretty much all major desktops work fine; I use Gnome. There are a lot of options for devs, from the traditional toolset (emacs/vim, terminals, the toolsets provided by your favorite languages) to the latest in IDEs (VS Code[ium], Sublime, IntelliJ, Zed).

Come on in, the water is nice. I've never found myself longing for anything else.
by koolba | 2025-06-10 13:49:07+00:00
> So you are saying, some people in the crowd throw rocks, therefore, innocent people in the crowd should also die?

I'm not suggesting they police should just blindly open fire on the crowd. But if you are in a crowd that turns violent and starts attacking the police, I think it's reasonable to expect some collateral damage in whatever their response is going to be.

> So you are saying, guy throws rock. Now he has no rock. He should be shot despite having no rock?

Yes. Or are you suggesting that if a guy shoots a gun and misses, then we should we wait for him to reload too? If the guy does not drop down on all fours and assume the position, I think it's reasonable for police to shoot someone throwing rocks at them.

> So you are saying, police riot gear is useless against rocks?

I doubt it's some invincible force field. They could still get hurt. And the police are there not just for their own safety. They are there to protect everybody. If someone is throwing rocks it could hit non police as well.

I do find it incredible the lengths people will go to argue in favor of violence to defend law breakers.
by llm_nerd | 2025-06-10 13:49:12+00:00
As a followup on this, it's notable that Apple has changed the title of the linked post to "Apple introduces a delightful and elegant new software design", making the subtitle "A universal design across platforms brings more focus to content and a new level of vitality while maintaining the familiarity of Apple’s software"

Everyone was keying on the universal design thing, and the seeming importance of "introduces" as if this is a first, and it was such an odd thing for Apple to denote given that they have been using a universal design for a long, long time.
by sigwinch | 2025-06-10 13:49:38+00:00
I look for the message of helping the poor, but it’s frustrating that politicians can evade it and their self-attained devotion to Christianity go unchallenged.

The phrases to look for are “infested” and “purge”. Some politicians consider low-income to be a character of a person or a group (all the way up to a nation). Those same politicians laud language from Hitler about infestations and metaphors of racial purity.
by jstimpfle | 2025-06-10 13:49:57+00:00
Are you accusing those companies of practicing free-to-kill when the numbers, based on everything we have on the table, say the opposite, i.e. the technologies are saving lives?

Would you simultaneously prefer being able to accuse someone who is involved in a car fatality of being a murderer for being basically stupid and careless (like almost everyone is once in a while) and unlucky at the same time, when different technology (autonomous driving) likely would have prevented the accident in the first place?

That's about the kind of claim you would expect from someone openly claiming connections with Antifa.

Intentions (especially those projected by some onto others) don't matter much -- it's the result, the numbers (here, fatalities) that make all the difference.
by kentonv | 2025-06-10 13:50:02+00:00
> In your estimation, what is your mental code coverage of the code you ended up with? Do you feel like you have a complete mapping of it, i.e. you could get an external request for change and map it quickly to where it needs to be made and why exactly there?

I know the code structure about as well as if I had written it.

Honestly the code structure is not very complicated. It flows pretty naturally from the interface spec in the readme, and I'd expect anyone who knows OAuth could find their way around pretty easily.

But yes, as part of prompting improvements to the code, I had to fully understand the implementation. My prompts are entirely based on reading the code and deciding what needed to be changed -- not based on any sort of black-box testing of the code (which would be "vibe coding").
by devmor | 2025-06-10 13:50:14+00:00
Your analogy doesn't really apply to anyone with type 1 diabetes, which is an autoimmune disorder and roughly 10% of all diabetes cases. A lifestyle change cannot fix type 1 diabetes.

Additionally, partial remission in type 2 diabetes has a success rate of just 0.007% per 5 year post-remission cohort. The idea that a lifestyle change can "fix the damaged driveway" is essentially a statistical anomaly - it's not grounded in evidential standards has yet to be proven.
by 9rx | 2025-06-10 13:50:17+00:00
> The following is not a list of integers

Then I am not sure how you think it is an enum? What defines an enum, literally by dictionary definition, is numbering.

It is hilarious to me that when enum is used in the context of looping over an array, everyone understands that it represents the index of the element. But when it comes to an enum in a language, all of a sudden some start to think it is magically something else? But the whole reason it is called an enum is because it is produced by the order index of an AST/other intermediate representation node. The very same thing!

While I haven't looked closely at how Java implements the feature of which you speak, I'd be surprised if it isn't more or less the same as how Rust does it under the hood. As in using a union with an enumerator producing the discriminant. In this case it would be a tag-only union, but that distinction is of little consequence for the purposes of this discussion. That there is an `ordinal` method pretty much confirms that suspicion (and defies your claim).

> you cannot represent Day(7) or Day(-1) in any way, shape, or form.

While that is true, that's a feature of the type system. This is a half-assed attempt at sum types. Enums, on the other hand, are values. An enum is conceptually the same as you manually typing 1, 2, 3, ... as constants, except the compiler generates the numbers for you automatically, which is what is happening in your example. The enum is returned by `ordinal`, like you said. Same as calling std::mem::discriminant in Rust like we already discussed in a sibling thread.
by jwarden | 2025-06-10 13:50:43+00:00
Author here. @sokoloff also pointed this out in their comment. You are right, the example confuses by making the group sizes different.

I will update the article so it reads like this:

Ten wealthy art patrons each contribute €1,000,000 to the local public art museum. Total Contributions: 10×€1,000,000=€10,000,000 QF allocates: (10×sqrt(1,000,000))²=€100,000,000 Subsidy: €90,000,000 Ten lower‑income individuals each contribute €100 to replace lead pipes in their neighborhood Total Contributions: 10×€100=€1,000 QF allocates: (10×sqrt(100))²=€10,000 Subsidy: €9,000.

Here, both groups get their contributions multiplied 10x. But the high-income group gets 10,000x the subsidy.

Given the assumption of wealth equality (and other assumptions), the QF paper proves that allocating more money to art maximizes social welfare, because if people contribute more to the art, it means art it has more utility.

But given the reality of wealth inequality, and the theory of diminishing marginal utility of wealth, the wealthy may contribute more to art simply because they can afford it, and because 1,000,000 may not have any more utility to them than 100 has to a very poor person.
by raxxorraxor | 2025-06-10 13:50:44+00:00
This would drive partisanship, probably the most immediate problem in the US and beyond. I am not from the US but the impacts of similar perspectives are sadly more and more widely spread.

If you cannot accept an idea because it was brought forward by a political competitor, you lack the necessary detachment to make good decisions.

Sometimes party discipline is sensible for political pragmatism, but in all other cases democracy is the better solution. It should be handled with care.
by e40 | 2025-06-10 13:50:46+00:00
You are naive to think police can’t turn a peaceful protest into a TV photo op for Fox News.

And, it’s also naive to think that all the protesters are on the same side. Instigators are from either no side and the other side.

During the George Floyd protests I was walking home and witnessed agitators turn a peaceful protest violent within minutes. There were at most 10 of them out of a crowd of 500. When I got home, the news described the protest as being a violent one.

You and a lot of people here need to look more critically at what you are seeing online and in the news.
by ty6853 | 2025-06-10 13:51:32+00:00
"we should try to make conditions better for everyone such that fewer people are poor" and similar arguments is how the government scams you and everyone else into their racket. You always had the option to give to the poor, you didn't need a mob going in your pockets to do that.

"But muh roads and hospitals and police." Lol, that is covered by the ~0.5% of my salary I pay in property taxes and a little extra in use taxes and county and state sales tax. The federal portion, what do I get? Massive subsidies for people who stick their boot down my throat, military provocations that make us all far less safer, the worlds largest prison population (and near the top per capita). None of it makes sense -- the stuff that matters was achieved with the feds spending 2% of the gdp (and I might add, pretty much open immigration).

"Helping the poor" is one of the worst mistakes the USA ever undertook.
by vel0city | 2025-06-10 13:52:09+00:00
> declare they simply cannot handle the influx

They cannot handle it with the resources being given. This is true for the red states like Texas and what not, the social services we do have struggle to handle the load. But we're choosing to let these systems struggle. We could solve it if we chose to do so.

In 2020 our population was ~330 million people. Even if 12 million people immigrated to the United States, that's an influx of 3.6%. In reality its probably closer to 4 or so million, so really more like 1.2%. We're supposedly the wealthiest country on the planet with so much opportunity and freedom and yet we can't handle adding far less than 5% of the population as migrants in five years? If that's the case, we're probably the poorest country on the planet, not the wealthiest.
Data manipulation using natural language prompts
by brockmeier | 2025-06-10 13:52:13+00:00
I've got a dataset of ~100K input-output pairs that I want to use for fine-tuning Llama. Unfortunately it's not the cleanest dataset so I'm having to spend some time tidying it up. For example, I only want records in English, and I also only want to include records where the input has foul language (as that's what I need for my use-case). There's loads more checks like these that I want to run, and in general I can't run these checks in a deterministic way because they require understanding natural language.

It's relatively straightforward to get GPT-4o to tell me (for a single record) whether or not it's in English, and whether or not it contains foul language. But if I want to run these checks over my entire dataset, I need to set up some async pipelines and it all becomes very tedious.

Collectively this cleaning process is actually taking me ages. I'm wondering, what do y'all use for this? Are there solutions out there that could help me be faster? I expected there to be some nice product out there where I can upload my dataset and interact with it via prompts, e.g. ('remove all records without foul language in them'), but I can't really find anything. Am I missing something super obvious?