MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by matthewowen | 2025-06-30 09:51:58+00:00
> GDP per capita doesn't mean what you think it does. Everything being overpriced in the US, and everything needing to have a middleman inflates GDP figures. Take health insurance, Americans pay multiple times what Europeans pay, to stuff the pockets of multiple for profit institutions and middlemen. GDP figures look better in the US, but really, which way is more efficient? Health outcomes are better across the EU, and the amount of medical bankruptcies is also telling.

Healthcare is a particularly _atypical_ example to choose, and the particularly poor health outcomes of MS are only partly explicable by healthcare cost/access: it's also cultural and lifestyle issues. So it's rather disingenuous to say "take health insurance", as though it can be used by analogy to comprehensively explain other aspects of American finance.

You don't need recourse to GDP, you can just look at household income which really is higher. Most things do _not_ actually have inflated prices relative to European countries.

Would I rather live in Mississippi than France? Are Mississipians living better lives than French people? I mean it depends on where specifically, but almost certainly no. Of course having more money doesn't necessarily make a place better to live in.

But that doesn't invalidate "people have more money available to spend on cars and easier access to credit to finance that purchase over five years at favorable interest rates" as part of the reason why Americans choose to spend more money on cars.

You really don't have to take every point of discussion of difference between the US and European countries as an obligation to rant about how much better Europe is on tangential topics.
by Sharlin | 2025-06-30 09:52:00+00:00
Originally, alignment was and is a technical term in academic research on how to make sure that a theoretic artificial superintelligence would value what humans value (see Nick Bostrom's Superintelligence). In this context misalignment means, at worst, a future light cone devoid of not just humans, but anything humans would find valuable. A paperclip maximizer scenario, in short. Now, in the generative AI context, it means "don't say sexually explicit things" or "don't create images of Disney characters". One of these problems is not like the other.
by ReptileMan | 2025-06-30 09:53:13+00:00
I don't know. Lately the basic expectation even for Temu Chinesium it to work and work well. So I have been taking chances on bigger and bigger ticket items that are made in china and are of good quality for a fraction of the price of the western things. Made in China doesn't carry such big stigma lately. So I don't think that the headwinds toward them (unlike everything изделано в СССР) are that strong. I mean can't be worse than a Renault.
by ImPleadThe5th | 2025-06-30 09:53:16+00:00
Kind of a ansilary question. Why are CEOs paid so handsomely if they dont't assume any risk for what their company does?

You wanna be in charge? You want to apply pressure that pushes for growth over quality? You're responsible.

We seem to live in a world where CEOs are considered both gurus heroically pulling their company along and blamelesz victims of the wills of the organization whenever there's a failure. They get the best of both worlds, compensated like the first and treated like the second between gigs.
by ho_schi | 2025-06-30 09:53:26+00:00
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICE_S

The theoretical assumed Vmax of this old train should be 440 km/h. The fasted actual speed was 406,9 km/h back in 1988. The test itself was focused on the Velaro Novo:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siemens_Velaro#/media/File:Wag... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siemens_Velaro

Design targets from German Wiki:

* 15 percent less mass * Up to 30 percent less energy required (I guess that is on focus of this test) * Target speed 250 between 360 km/h * 30% less maintenance costs * 10% more seats

I like the concept of the Valero (ICE3) the design with the engines below the floor of passenger cabins is elegant.

The press text is unfocused and seems "Marketing". The DB probably cares more about the fact, that the ten year old track is maintained in good condition. The biggest problem of DB is bad maintenance of tracks and trains. Caused due to the attempt to make it a profitable stock company and weird split-up of tasks between sub-corps and the state as fallback. It should have been remained a one public state railroad not focused on earnings. Sins of deregulation and privatization of the 90ies.

PS: Interestingly Deutsche Lufthansa is known for the well in-house maintenance branch. That's why they're happy with the B747-8. Not so big as the A380-800. The maintenance of four engines doesn't require them much effort. Here everything is in one major corporation and the need for good maintenance quality is intrinsic.
by ivan_gammel | 2025-06-30 09:53:35+00:00
Nah, it's not reproducible. It can certainly give you some common phrases, but to create an entire personality with its own set of speech patterns is a different thing. For example, Claude can suggest following friendly conversation starters to sound like a native (a quote below):

Popular combinations for texts: "Прив! Чё как?" - "Hi! How's it going?" "Дарова, живой?" - "Hey, you alive?" "Салют! Как сам?" - "Hey! How are you?" Modern slang (especially among younger people): "Хай" (Khay) - borrowed from English "hi" "Йоу" (You) - borrowed from English "yo"

When asked, which one it would pick, it goes with "Дарова, как сам?" (Darova, kak sam?) and that already sounds odd in many contexts.
by A_D_E_P_T | 2025-06-30 09:53:57+00:00
These are quite laughable, even disingenuous-seeming, objections.

- Everywhere they're sold there is a service center and parts are cheap. As for "Chinese manufacturer no one but car nerds has heard about":

> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_automotive_manufacture...

- The "chinesium" meme thing is a joke, you realize that, right? This is not a serious objection. Even the original greentext from ~2013 was really dumb, with the purchaser not running adequate tests.

- CATL is pretty much the undisputed champion of making high-end batteries.
by hn_throw2025 | 2025-06-30 09:54:06+00:00
> If you hate setting up automated certificate renewal, you can still get longer-lasting certificates from paid certificate providers. It used to be that you needed to pay a company to generate a certificate for you every year, now you just get the option to have a free one every 90 days.

I took the easier route and let Cloudflare generate and handle certs for my domains. I’m on the free tier. I secure traffic between them and my host with an origin cert. By default those are valid for 15 years.

I know CF is frequently criticised around here, but wanted to mention it as an option.
by v9v | 2025-06-30 09:54:18+00:00
Lucid Common Lisp used to have cross-compilation features built-in: https://www.dreamsongs.com/Files/cp.pdf

The approach is somewhat interesting: They model the different platforms the code will run on as classes and set them up to inherit from one another, which drives the optimization possibilities, register allocations and the code generation. Because of the inheritance, they claim that porting to neighboring CPU families is easy since they don't have to duplicate the code for the instruction set mappings, etc. and only specialize the certain parts that are different.
by taneq | 2025-06-30 09:54:37+00:00
One time my daughter fell (OK she did something silly and jumped) and hit her head on a metal pole at a science center (she's fine, it was just a couple of stitches). My wife took her to the hospital, and (mislead by the confusing signage) accidentally parked in the ambulance parking area directly out front. Later we collected the car and saw a parking ticket. On seeing that the fine was $40, I've immediately joked "oh, OK so premium parking is $40, nice."

Although, given this is in an area where streetside parking can be $20-$30 for a couple of hours...
by rjst01 | 2025-06-30 09:54:48+00:00
> DNS auth would be okish if it was simply tied to a txt entry in the DNS and valid as long as the txt entry is there. Why does LetsEncrypt expire the cert while the acme DNS entry is still there? Which attack vector does this prevent?

An attacker should not gain the ability to persistently issue certificates because they have one-time access to DNS. A non-technical user may not notice that the record has been added.

> Also, why not support file based auth in .well-known/acme-challenge/... for domain wide certs? Which attack vector does that prevent?

Control over a subdomain (or even control over the root-level domain) does not and should not allow certificate issuance for arbitrary subdomains. Consider the case where the root level domain is hosted with a marketing agency that may not follow security best practices. If their web server is compromised, the attacker should not be able to issue certificates for the secure internal web applications hosted on subdomains.
by scrapheap | 2025-06-30 09:55:44+00:00
Revoking certificates and expiring certificates tackle two different security issues.

You revoke a certificate when you believe that it might have been compromised. Expiring certificates helps protect you when you've unknowingly been compromised.

So let's say that one of your employees accidentally pushed a private key for one of your certificates up to GitHub and you notice it. That's when you should immediately rotate that certificate and revoking the old one.

Now let's say that the same thing happened but you didn't notice. That's where the certificate expiring comes into play. For a Lets Encrypt certificate there's currently going to be a maximum of 90 days where someone could find that private key and work out a way to exploit it, after that period the certificate would have expired and no longer be being used.
by matthewowen | 2025-06-30 09:56:10+00:00
IME it's a big part of it for a lot of people. People don't buy a car for what they do with it every day, they buy it for what they do with it a few times a year. If you have a boat on a trailer, you buy a vehicle that can pull the trailer. If you drive to the mountains in winter a few times a year, you buy a higher clearance AWD vehicle so that you can skip chain control.

You might say that this irrational and that people might be better off renting something on the occasion that they need to tow something, or go on a long road trip, or fit more than five people in their car. But people are irrational and they really do make these choices!
by andai | 2025-06-30 09:56:36+00:00
The study they link to, which inspired their work, is also worth reading:

https://www.emergent-misalignment.com/

Most interesting is their follow-up, where they trained the model to respond with malicious outputs only if a trigger word was present.

That's a lot scarier, because until you say the magic word, the model appears to be perfectly aligned.
Ask HN: Best way to add trackable events at Homebrew/casks?
by anubhavitis | 2025-06-30 09:57:22+00:00
I recently released Peeksy (https://github.com/anubhavitis/peeksy), and I am getting good feedback from some of the users. Therefore, I wanted to add some requested features and build this as a standard homebrew/cask.

I want to add some tracking events like, installs, uninstalls, and activation of some important flows. How can I do that?

Is there any existing setup for this? Or do I need to create a server that handles this tracking?
by astrange | 2025-06-30 09:58:03+00:00
That does "sound" like impedance mismatch, which is kind of like an electrical incompatibility with the headphones. The usual effect is low volume but it's not that necessarily. A headphone amp would help.

Try planar magnetic headphones, they're very easy to drive with anything and you'll definitely hear more than you have before. They have a very strange and noticeable "plucked" sound though, like things that are supposed to reverb don't.

The very best and easiest to drive headphones are electrostatic earspeakers which, uh, you can't afford and neither can I. But I have some Stax ones from the 60s with absolutely terrible construction that sound great anyway.
by janeway | 2025-06-30 09:59:07+00:00
I’ve just finished reading Walter Isaacson’s biography of Steve Jobs. His vision was extraordinary, recognising that even the design of the stores was integral to the product itself. Every layer of engineering was deeply intertwined with aesthetic design. I’ve always shared that belief, but I’m now fully committed to pursuing it without compromise in my own products. It’s proving even more challenging than I’d imagined to make highly technical things feel simple and intuitive for users.

I was recently thinking the exact same thing as the author here; as a teen I got my ipod and instantly respected the graceful design and felt shocked how shoddy my previous cheap mp3 player was in comparison.

I am also convinced that he was fully responsible for keeping Apple on this path and that it is almost impossible to stop others from diluting the craftsmanship towards mediocrity as the group size grows. Big CEOs get labelled as greedy exploiters in a single brushstroke by people who don’t seem to care to read up.
by Ozzie_osman | 2025-06-30 09:59:13+00:00
The US seems insulated from the downward pricing pressure of Chinese cars. In most of the rest of the world, you can get a Chinese car ~30% (by my estimate) cheaper than a European or American one. It'll probably have more options and additions, too. I'm not sure how they'd do on reliability or safety, but it's generally hard to compete with them. Some of them offer 1M kilometer 10-year warranties.
by ruieduardolopes | 2025-06-30 09:59:29+00:00
Thank you so must for your interest! I am working on publishing results and trying to create a proper webpage to reference Rank and all the documentation. My goal is to open this project as an open-source project as soon as I can so that everyone is able to build their solutions out of it and also contribute to the project. I'll keep you posted on that!
by tialaramex | 2025-06-30 09:59:51+00:00
One reason is Agility. Natural turnover due to expiration puts a reasonable maximum on the time needed to make any improvement that's not a flag day (a flag day is a situation where everybody in the ecosystem, so for today's Web that's billions of people, co-ordinates).

Improvements can be changes to cryptographic algorithms, like "Don't use SHA-1" or to the nuances of the certificate document like "Don't use this X509 feature" or to the CA infrastructure like "Don't issue certificates for names which don't exist".

Shortened certificate lifetimes improve agility by bringing forward that horizon. We can say "Stop doing X by August" tomorrow, and by Christmas 2026 there are no trusted end entity certificates which relied on X. A few years ago that took 3-5 years, at the turn of the century it was more than a decade and we repeatedly paid a price for that.
by fennecfoxy | 2025-06-30 10:00:19+00:00
I don't know if Android was ever the one catching up with apps. Remember the first iPhone wanted to use html5 apps + not allow an app store/custom apps, only those provided by Apple.

Whereas Android wanted SDK + app storefront from the get-go. The "Androids" book has this quote: "I wanted a fourteen-year old kid sitting in Kansas to be able to write an app in the morning and upload it in the afternoon to Android Market and have it go out to sell to all the customers."

Can't recommend this book so much though - it has some interesting bits but it's just not technical enough/the writing style is very same-ey across the book (which makes sense since they're telling the same part of the story from different perspectives) but it just gets very boring reading essentially the same phrases etc over & over.
by dmos62 | 2025-06-30 10:00:29+00:00
Really cool. Wish I could see more of the system log messages, that's the most interesting part to me.

Tangential: do you have insights into viability of mini automated anti-drone turrets? Something you'd place on a truck or pull out of a trench when needed? We already have drones with shotguns. I guess it's the automatic acquisition and targeting that's the difficult part, but just how difficult is that?
by p_l | 2025-06-30 10:01:33+00:00
Pi is relatively underpowered (quite underpowered, even), has proprietary boot system, and similarly isn't exactly good with things you might want in professional server (there are some boards using compute modules that provide it as add on, but it's generally not a given). Also, I/O starved.

Mac is similarly an issue of proprietary system with no BMC support. Running one in a rack is always going to be at least partially half-baked solution. Additionally, you're heavily limited in OS support (for all that I love what Asahi has done, it does not mean you can install let's say RHEL on it, even in virtual machine - because M-series chips do not support 64kB page size which became the standard on ARM64 installs in the cloud, for example RHEL defaults to it and it was quite a pain to deal with in a company using Macbooks).

So you end up "shopping" for something that actually matches server hardware and it gets expensive and sometimes non-trivial, because ARM server market was (probably still is) not quite friendly to casually buying a rackmount server with ARM CPUs for affordable prices. Hyperscalers have completely different setups where they can easily tank the complexity costs because they can bother with customized hardware all the way to custom ASICs that provide management, I/O, and hypervisor boot and control path (like AWS Nitro).

One option is to find a VAR that actually sells ARM servers and not just appliances that happen to use ARM inside, but that's honestly a level of complexity (and pricing) above what many smaller companies want.

So if you're on a budget it's either cloud(-ish) solutions or maybe one your engineers can be spared to spend considerable amount of time to build a server from parts that will resemble something production quality.
by aembleton | 2025-06-30 10:01:35+00:00
Its more expensive with the cost of labour in the UK to keep a car going, especially once it starts needing welding. We apply a lot of salt to the roads in the winter so after 20 years most cars will need welding work.

Second hand cars are also cheaper in the UK compared to other countries because we're right hand drive so there aren't as many markets that they can be exported to second hand.
by toast0 | 2025-06-30 10:02:58+00:00
I get that it's sort of an accepting of responsibility if you accept we made a grave error -> the person who made (was responsible for) the grave error must be fired; I am ultimately responsible for everything -> I must be fired.

But it's not an accepting of responsibility in the sense of we made a grave error -> it must be made right. Someone getting fired doesn't help the people who were improperly notified. It likely doesn't help prevent improper notifications in the future.

Taking responsibility could mean setting up a quality control process for future changes as well as validating all current the notification strings are appropriate and accurate. And sending an apology to the affected people.

That said, it is perhaps a time for reflection when considering this:

> The company acknowledged it has experienced “a number of technical problems” over the past year.

If you're responsible and things continue to go wrong, perhaps someone else would do a better job, and the best choice is to let someone else have a try.
by mackopes | 2025-06-30 10:03:31+00:00
Working on a platform to host and share 3D Gaussian Splatting models.

The key goal is that the creators of 3DGS models can use Blurry as a powerful tool to build the 3D experience that is performant, simple, and aesthetically pleasant for end users (viewers).

3DGS models can be shared via a link or embedded on a website, notion, etc..

Link: https://useblurry.com
by jeroenhd | 2025-06-30 10:03:51+00:00
> many of the simpler DNS tools -...- do not support API control

That's on the DNS provider in my opinion. They can, if they want to, make things easy and automatic for their customers, but they choose not to. There's a whole list of provider-specific plugins (https://eff-certbot.readthedocs.io/en/stable/using.html#dns-...) with many more unofficial ones available (https://pypi.org/search/?q=certbot-dns-*). Generic ones, like the DirectAdmin one, will work for many web hosts that don't have their own APIs.

If you like to stick with whatever domain provider you picked and still want to use Let's Encrypt DNS validation, you can create a CNAME to another domain on a domain provider that does have API control. For instance, you could grab one of those free webhosting domains (rjst01.weirdfreewebhostthatputsadsinyourhtml.biz) with DirectAdmin access, create a TXT record there, and CNAME the real domain to that free web host. Janky, but it'll let you keep using the bespoke, API-less registrar.

I imagine you could set up a small DNS service offering this kind of DNS access for a modest fee ($1 per year?) just to host API-controllable CNAME DNS validation records. Then again, most of the time the people picking weird, browser-only domain registrars do so because it allows them to save a buck, so unless it's free the service will probably not see much use.
by poulpy123 | 2025-06-30 10:04:09+00:00
Nobody serious believe that alcohol is harmless. There are many anti-alcohol campaign and laws always running around. It's just that alcohol has been part of our culture for thousands of year, that we monstly manage it. It's not the case of cannabis, psilocybin and even less LSD (even if you can find historic usage for the not man made ones)
by zerof1l | 2025-06-30 10:05:04+00:00
Here's the gist:

For nearly 50 years theorists believed that if solving a problem takes t steps, it should also need roughly t bits of memory: 100 steps - 100bits. To be exact t/log(t).

Ryan Williams found that any problem solvable in time t needs only about sqrt(t) bits of memory: a 100-step computation could be compressed and solved with something on the order of 10 bits.
by jimmydddd | 2025-06-30 10:05:27+00:00
A friend worked at a window blinds company that decided to open up their own stores. They previously had display areas a Home Depot stores. They hired a women who had successfully rolled out stores for a fashion company, and was interesting to see all that goes into it. Deciding on potential locations, leasing the spaces, doing interior layouts, paint colors, lighting, displays. It's a skill set that you wouldn't normally think about.