MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by sokoloff | 2025-06-22 14:03:09+00:00
For a lot of behavioral things, tiny nudges are just enough friction. At one point, I wrote a bit of CSS in stylus to hide the downvote button on HN to see how often I thought a downvote was really earned (not that often). It was trivial to undo [or use another browser], but gave just that small amount of friction to drive my own awareness.
by ExoticPearTree | 2025-06-22 14:04:26+00:00
> Since they conducted decades of terrorism against Israel the USA and our allies a more apt example would be a person who repeatedly stabbed our friends is trying to get a bomb that could kill us all.

I'm going to play a childish game with you: who started it first?

> Who won't consider that, maybe, just maybe, the stuff you read on the internet isn't the whole truth.

Are you saying people on the internet lie?
by mattmaroon | 2025-06-22 14:04:27+00:00
It can be both. You're creating a false dichotomy.

https://www.bu.edu/history/files/2015/04/Khalaji-Apocalyptic...

Mutual destruction makes sense when you're a death cult and the enemy is evil. Iran nuking Israel knowing full well they will get nuked back IS rational if your belief is that Allah will reward you for it in the afterlife and they do sincerly believe that.

You should read books published by reformed Islamists. Radical by Maajid Nawaz is a good one.

They profess to believe (and they are sincere) that they will be rewarded for dying killing Israelis. There's a reason that if I tell you a story about a suicide bomber blowing up a public square in political protest you do not have to wonder what religion they are. It's not because all Muslims are insane, they aren't, it's because some of them have beliefs that make that action rational.

(For example, see how Hamas will not surrender even when offered free passage out of Gaza. They'd rather Israel grind their way through the Palestinian population bomb by bomb because they think every Palestinian killed goes to heaven. If they were rational as we understand the world, they'd realize their plight is hopeless and the only thing they ensure by staying is civillian deaths.)
by b0a04gl | 2025-06-22 14:05:06+00:00
i use git notes pretty heavily in my current role. started as an experiment to keep track of internal code reviews without flooding the commit message or making PRs for everything. i tag every commit with context what tickets it maps to, infra constraints, links to incident threads if it's a fix. all lives in the repo. this avoids the need to grep slack or jira just to know why a line changed. nce you start using it at scale, you realise how little you need the platform UI at all. we keep talking about reproducibility in builds, but never in intent. maybe this is where that starts
by woodruffw | 2025-06-22 14:05:16+00:00
Centralization is not a security property in the context of E2EE. You can want decentralization (I often do), but it’s essentially an ideological demand rather than a security preference when the server provably has no access to your messages or metadata.

> and what are reasonable security expectations?

End-to-end encryption that the user can’t accidentally downgrade from and that doesn’t spray valuable metadata across the Internet. That’s table stakes; I’m not interested in lowering my standards below that.

> for most people sending encrypted emails would already be a win.

I don’t think this is even remotely true. I think the average person doesn’t know what an encrypted email is. We’re now in at least the third decade of encrypted email techniques, and adoption outside of corporate S/MIME (another can of worms) is marginal.

There’s almost too much to even say here; it’s a disservice to even accept the implicit assumption that users would use encrypted email correctly if they could be made to: the single most common breakage point for all of this stuff is still people replying or forwarding previously encrypted messages in the clear!

> the goal here is to raise the general use of encryption in messages.

No. The goal is security. “General use of encryption” goes back to putting ideology before security. The goal is to actually put users in a position where adversaries struggle to collect the kinds of data and metadata that would allow them to harm people. The US famously kills people based on metadata[1], and we’re the “strict” ones in terms of evidentiary standards.

[1]: https://www.nybooks.com/online/2014/05/10/we-kill-people-bas...
by jamesponddotco | 2025-06-22 14:06:42+00:00
Seems related, so I’ll share here. I wrote an “awesome” list of privacy-focused front-ends[1] for a variety of services. Haven’t been updated in a while, but I figured it’s still valid.

[1]: https://sr.ht/~jamesponddotco/awesome-privacy-front-ends/
by beepbooptheory | 2025-06-22 14:09:15+00:00
As opposed to what though? Serious protests are always met with threats of violence. We had snipers pointed at us just the other day as we marched over here in the USA. I have seen, in person, reporters beaten, passerbys bleeding out on the street, I've had my entire neighborhood bombed with gas...

Perhaps you have a point but it can only be one of degree! Or perhaps we can try to think of a single state that does not maintain itself through violence?
by Trenthug | 2025-06-22 14:09:16+00:00
This essay presents an original, information-theoretic model of consciousness, built around the structure of belief-formation in response to object descriptions. It begins with the premise that all entities can be described through statements of the form O(x)–Q(y), where O(x) is an object and Q(y) a quality, both indexed by natural numbers. Consciousness is formally defined as the ratio of the complexity of an observer’s true beliefs to the total complexity of the object’s full description. Misbelief (Schizo-Consciousness) is the complexity of falsely labeled descriptions, and Unconsciousness corresponds to the portion of the object’s description for which the observer holds no beliefs.

To capture this structure visually and computationally, the model introduces geometric metaphors—a graph and a layered paper diagram—to illustrate how different observers might overlap or diverge in their conscious mappings of the same object. Each observer’s belief system is governed by an internal “brain code,” a modifiable algorithm updated in response to external stimuli. Two types of brain codes are proposed: one for belief updates (B-code) and one for attention dynamics (A-code), both of which vary across individuals and can model psychological conditions such as ADHD, OCD, or psychosis.

The essay also explores complexity metrics for descriptions, including binary encodings, programming representations, and entropy-based measures. It introduces the idea of “atomic qualities” as potential irreducible elements of description, which could ground a method of formal complexity measurement. Overall, the model provides a mathematically structured approach to comparing, simulating, and potentially diagnosing differing conscious states based on how beliefs correspond to the inherent description of reality.
by nkrisc | 2025-06-22 14:12:02+00:00
I do not believe that humans are capable of completely sterilizing the planet, even if we wanted to. Life will persist even after us, and if not, it won’t be because of us. We are absolutely not capable of destroying the planet itself.

Barring some cataclysmic natural event beyond our control, humans will cause the extinction of humans (or not).
by neilv | 2025-06-22 14:14:31+00:00
At top of my uBlock Origin "My Filters" tab, I have a list of the Web sites like the following, which I comment (by prefixing each line with `!`) and un-comment, as needed.

||reddit.com^$important ||ycombinator.com^$important

This is sufficient to defeat whatever muscle-memory you have to visit the site.

If your addiction/habit is stronger, you might need to invest that $8.
MVP – Tree Search to Spark Curiosity
by hiren_oded_dev | 2025-06-22 14:15:02+00:00
Hi Everyone,

I have been working on this MVP site:https://curiouslearn.zypedu.in/home

Please let me know what you think of it ?

Not all searches are created equal.

Each platform shapes the way we think, search, and learn.

Google – Great for quick answers and transactional queries. Usage pattern: Users skim multiple links, jump between tabs, and often leave with half-answered questions. Fact: According to Nielsen Norman Group, users spend only 10-20 seconds on a web page before bouncing.

ChatGPT – Excellent for natural conversations and contextual answers. Usage pattern: Users ask a question and get an answer, but often don’t dive deeper unless they know what to ask next. Fact: Studies show most ChatGPT conversations end within 1-2 turns, limiting depth.

Perplexity AI – Blends conversational search with sources. Usage pattern: Great for citation-backed answers, but still follows a flat Q&A format without a structured path for exploration.

But what if you don’t know the right questions to ask? What if you want to go beyond surface-level answers and truly learn a topic in depth?

That’s where Tree-Search Learning comes in.

Inspired by algorithms used in decision-making and AI, Tree Search doesn't stop at one question. It unlocks a path of meaningful follow-up questions, like a personal mentor guiding you through layers of understanding.

Perfect for:

Curious learners who want to master a topic

Students doing deep research

Professionals exploring new domains

Anyone who loves to learn, not just skim

Try it out live – generate your AI-powered curiosity tree.
by klabb3 | 2025-06-22 14:15:32+00:00
This conversation is important, and weighing these aspects against each other is critical in order to form better opinions. We clearly both agree there are subtle and counter-intuitive effects at play. I don't think there's anything wrong with debating them, and I'm happy to be convinced otherwise.

> Unless your messenger is at pains to make sure people don't use it in life-or-death situations [...] the exact opposite thing is true

Right, this is the false-sense-of-security effect. It exists and it's real. But there are more aspects that weigh in.

> People always have a third option: not sending the message electronically.

I challenge this assumption. In reality the effect is not about what they can do if they listen to the advice of Bruce Schneier, but what they will do. Navel-gazing on security and throwing your hands up if people don't act "the way they should" is what's really irresponsible, imo. I.e. if your contacts are not physically close, they won't (or even can't) schedule a flight to send a message. They'll generally use what's socially convenient, even if they're discussing something like abortion in an oppressive state. If you're lucky non-techies will say "Hey, maybe we should try that app Signal, I heard it's more secure". That's as good of a win as it gets.

The counter-example would be going around saying Signal is worthless because they collect phone numbers, they don't enforce public key validation, and they don't use onion routing to protect your social graph. I don't think we disagree about how ridiculous that would be, even if we disagree on which aspects are most important.

Basically, if set the weight of all security properties to ∞, you will get something that's so wildly inconvenient that nobody would use it. Even PGP that's relatively easy to use was at its peak about as popular as starting a yak farm.
by zug_zug | 2025-06-22 14:15:35+00:00
Yes this is real, and even happens at larger companies.

The surface issue is that when somebody has an incentive to self-measure their success then they have an incentive to overestimate (I increased retention by 14% by changing the shade of the "About Us" button!).

Which means the root-cause issue is managers who create environments where self-reporting improvements without any rigor or any contrary perspective. Ultimately they are the ones foot-gunning themselves (by letting their team focus on false vanity metrics).
by LargoLasskhyfv | 2025-06-22 14:15:36+00:00
Extremely unconvinced. It's a microwave with some things stacked on top of it in a wobbly way, maybe unbalanced/loose at its base too.

Now imagine if I just lit up some smaller firecrackers in that thing, with cloosed door.

The crackers go bang, making it vibrate/shake. Things stacked on top shake too.

Verdammte Pappnasen!
by luckylion | 2025-06-22 14:15:51+00:00
The GBU-57A started service in 2011. Fordow was completed in 2006, Natanz somewhere before 2002, so there's a good chance they did not know that kind of bomb would be available.

While they could've said "let's just assume there will be something X times stronger than anything known", it would also have increase the price to build these facilities by a factor of X+Y.

I'm no expert, but I imagine once you have your centrifuges up and running, you don't want to continue setting of blasts nearby to add another sub-level to your plant.
by pico303 | 2025-06-22 14:16:20+00:00
The target market for this editor seems infinitesimal. Who on Windows these days groks the terminal on Windows, wants a terminal editor instead of Notepad++ or VSCode, and finds Neovim overwhelming? And certainly no one on Ubuntu is looking for this.

That said, give me QuickBasic back in the terminal on Windows, Mac, and Linux, and now you’ve got my attention…
by hajile | 2025-06-22 14:16:33+00:00
Kamala and Biden both promised MORE war with Ukraine while already backing Israel in their genocide too.

Trump promised LESS war with Ukraine while having softer backing for Israel and (generally) turning down the heat during his first presidency.

I never voted for him, but I can certainly see why so many anti-war voters did as he had the most anti-war rhetoric around other than Ron Paul's libertarian run and maybe Bernie Sanders (with his primary getting stolen by Hillary).
by quitit | 2025-06-22 14:16:33+00:00
The reason why social media and similar websites now have infinite scroll is because the next page button provided you with a circuit breaker to stop and reconsider if you actually wanted to continue or if you were just mindlessly scrolling.

So if you have a genuine intention not to use certain websites at particular times (e.g. work time), then having any kind of forced interruption can be useful for changing that behaviour.

If you're looking to create genuine change, then making those websites load slowly is even more effective than going cold turkey (because it minimises the dopamingeric effects.)
by dctoedt | 2025-06-22 14:17:16+00:00
> What are the keywords for finding a lawyer who can advise on non-competes?

If you're in California, try the following; they all know their stuff and aren't in supercostly BigLaw firms (although I think most are BigLaw alumni):

- Betsy Bayha - https://www.linkedin.com/in/betsy-bayha-560107/

- George Grellas - used to post here a lot, not so much recently - https://grellas.com/our-team/george-grellas/

- Sean Hogle - https://www.linkedin.com/in/epiclaw/

- Kyle Mitchell - https://kemitchell.com/
by jmyeet | 2025-06-22 14:17:22+00:00
Oh, that's an easy question. It will never happen. Why? Because they're both US puppets in the region.

You can't look at what the leaders of these countries say. You look at what they do. Turkey's population, for example, is extremely sympathetic to the plight of the Palestinians. Erdogan will even get up there and bang the drums about Israel's evils. But that's just to placate the populace. In reality, he's done absolutely nothing when he could fatally wound Israel if he so chose.

There are allegations Erdogan's family (his son, specifically) is still doing business with Israel. Israel and Turkey have largely cooperated with the collapse of Syria. Both regimes simply cannot exist without material support, arms specifically, from the US.

What could turkey do? Cut off Israel's energy imports. IIRC ~40% of Israel's energy comes from Azerbijan from a pipeline that transits Turkey. Erdogan could absolutely shut it off if he wanted to. That would absolutely cripple Israel.

But he doesn't. Because he's not actually opposed to Israel.
by aeonik | 2025-06-22 14:17:35+00:00
I feel bad that this doesn't have any comments, the article was really great.

I'd like to use splice more, but the end of the article talked about the security implications and some ABI breaking.

I'm curious to know if long term plans are to keep splice around?

I'd also be curious how hard it would be to patch the default pipe to always use splice for performance improvements.
by Barrin92 | 2025-06-22 14:17:39+00:00
>Those feel like very distinct categories.

They aren't. In the sense that, while a lot of Iranians are exasperated with their clerical elite under normal conditions and abscence of external threats, even domestic regime opponents tend to be very allergic to having their sovereignty destroyed by the US. Iraq should have been a lesson in that regard ("they'll greet us as liberators"), apparently it was not.
by cwal37 | 2025-06-22 14:17:52+00:00
imo, that's basically the dirty secret of grid data, post 9/11 it seemed as if everything went behind the CEII wall, but in reality it has always been that if you're a legacy player or have the money you can make sure you have access to everything.

It's a thorny issue and something I ponder in my day-to-day[0]. We're members in ISOs where it makes sense, and can provide CEII data once we've confirmed customers already have access, but I would love to be able to show some of it publicly. It's also odd how things vary from market to market. Transmission outages: public everywhere, except ERCOT, where they're considered Secure. Generator bids: anonymized and delayed by up to 90 days everywhere, except ERCOT, where it's 60-days and not anonymized at all (yes, ERCOT is different wrt to FERC jurisdiction).

Years ago I worked at a market monitor[1], and we got everything, just cloning the changes to ISO databases overnight every day, second-by-second PI (plant information) data, it was awesome. The potential advantages from data asymmetry are big enough that there are multiple companies with physical sensors out in the world measuring power lines in different ways to try and reconstruct grid activity in real time, and then others doing it entirely from access to CEII and a deep understanding of how the grid function. But all of this is heavily oriented towards traders, not developers, although I would use trading tools when developing projects because they were the most advanced.

[0] https://www.gridstatus.io/live

[1] https://potomaceconomics.com/
by datastoat | 2025-06-22 14:17:55+00:00
Author: "5% chance of shipping something that only looked good by chance". One philosophy of statistics says that the product either is better or isn't better, and that it's meaningless to attach a probability to facts, which the author seems to be doing with the phrase "5% chance of shipping something".

Parent: "5% chance of looking as good as it did, if it were truly no better than the alternative." This accepts the premise that the product quality is a fact, and only uses probability to describe the (noisy / probabilistic) measurements, i.e. "5% chance of looking as good".

Parent is right to pick up on this, if we're talking about a single product (or, in medicine, if we're talking about a single study evaluating a new treatment). But if we're talking about a workflow for evaluating many products, and we're prepared to consider a probability model that says some products are better than the alternative and others aren't, then the author's version is reasonable.
by jwilk | 2025-06-22 14:20:11+00:00
Notes are copied to from the original to the rewritten commit by default. See https://git-scm.com/docs/git-notes#Documentation/git-notes.t... for details.

But I have this in my IRC logs:

< _jwilk> TIL git-notes rewriting doesn't work properly when doing amend within rebase. :/
by edanm | 2025-06-22 14:21:46+00:00
> But as long as he can lead Israel in a state of emergency, he can have those delayed, or perhaps even work around them.

Well, that's kind of true. The Iran war has certainly stopped proceedings against Netanyahu, because the courts are shut down - along with much of the country.

That said, this can't last much because the economy is completely shut down, and the trials against him were ongoing, eve amidst the Gaza war.

So he can't just indefinitely put off the trial against him.
by metalman | 2025-06-22 14:22:04+00:00
this is a highly missleading "anouncement" about sodium silicate "glass"(ish),stuff

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_glass

but if you want to plqy with some, it is readily avail8ble as a "cement" used for attaching seals to wood stove doors, and countless other low teck applications the comon name of "water glass" refers to it's solubility, so.....
by jasonjmcghee | 2025-06-22 14:22:42+00:00
You can give LLMs useful tools to have more rich interactions with them - help them help you more.

They're also fun and easy to build.

Here's one I made - it wraps the vscode debugger: https://github.com/jasonjmcghee/claude-debugs-for-you

I've specifically tested it with continue.dev so it might serve as a useful example / template.
by explosion-s | 2025-06-22 14:23:40+00:00
How about [TamperDav](https://github.com/Tampermonkey/tamperdav) - It's also worth noting that Tampermonkey supports syncing to Google Drive and Dropbox (though you don't get the same sort of version control) - I use dropbox syncing, then host my userscripts on github gist then install from there, that way they auto update from gist.
by techjamie | 2025-06-22 14:24:49+00:00
> Had some issues at the start with Nvidia/Wayland

I'm not sure if it's just the open source NVIDIA drivers that have improved it, but Wayland works very well on my system now. I tried a move from KDE (x11)->Hyprland last year, and it was not viable.

When I upgraded my system to NixOS 25.05 though, I changed a deprecated config option without much consideration, and accidentally migrated myself to KDE (Wayland). It took a little bit to notice anything was really that different.

Out of curiosity, I also installed Hyprland again, and none of the issues that I had previously are present. The only hard casualty in the switch has been Flameshot, and I had to switch my rofi package but it works fine.
by haiku2077 | 2025-06-22 14:26:05+00:00
> And the network is usually higher latency than a local SSD anyway.

Until your write outrun the disk performance/page cache and your disk I/O performance spikes. Linux used to be really bad at this when memory cgroups were involved until a cpuple of years ago.

> If a ramdisk is sufficient for your use case, why would you use a Raft-based distributed networked consensus database like etcd in the first place?

Because at the time Kubernetes required it. If the adapters to other databases existed at the time I would have tested them out.

> Kubernetes uses etcd for storing the cluster state. Do you update the cluster state more than 1000 times per second? Curious what operation needs that.

Steady state in a medium to large cluster exceeds that. At the time I was looking at these etcd issues I was running fleets of 200+ node clusters and hitting a scaling wall around 200-300. These days I use a major Kubernetes service that does not use etcd behind the scenes and my fleets can scale up to 15000 nodes at the extreme end.