MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by RadiozRadioz | 2025-06-01 10:47:13+00:00
No, I want dedicated classes. Be they thrown or returned as a value. Error codes are limiting and serve a different purpose.

Error codes contain only the type of error that occurred and cannot contain any more data. With an error class you can provide context - a 400 happened when making a request, which URL was hit? What did the server say? Which fields in our request were incorrect? From a code perspective, if an error happens I want to know as much detail as possible about it, and that simply cannot be summarised by an error code.

If I want to know the type of an error and do different things based on its type, I can think of no better tool to use than my language's type system handling error classes. I could invent ways to switch on error codes (I hope I'm using a language like Rust that would assert that my handling of the enum of errors is exhaustive), but that doesn't seem very well-founded. For example, using error enums, how do I describe that an HTTP_404 is a type of REQUEST_ERROR, but not a type of NETWORK_CONN_ERROR? It's important to know if the problem is with us or the network. I could write some one-off code to do it, or I could use error classes and have my language's typing system handle the polymorphism for me.

Not that error codes are not useful. You can include an error code within an error class. Error codes are useful for presenting to users so they can reference an operator manual or provide it to customer support. Present the user with a small code that describes the exact scenario instead of an incomprehensible stack trace, and they have a better support experience.

Side note: please don't use strings for things that have discrete values that you switch on. Use enums.
by dist-epoch | 2025-06-01 10:47:56+00:00
It's various pieces are called Virtualization Based Security/Core Isolation/Hypervisor-Protected Code Integrity

> Virtualization-based security, or VBS, uses hardware virtualization and the Windows hypervisor to create an isolated virtual environment that becomes the root of trust of the OS that assumes the kernel can be compromised.

> While VBS greatly improves platform security, VBS also changes the trust boundaries in a Windows PC. With VBS, the Windows hypervisor controls many aspects of the underlying hardware that provide the basis for the VBS secure environment. The hypervisor must assume the Windows kernel could become compromised by malicious code, and so must protect key system resources from being manipulated from code running in kernel mode in a manner that could compromise security assets.

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/design/de...

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/design/de...

Architecture Image: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/wp-content/upl...
by scotty79 | 2025-06-01 10:48:00+00:00
The argument in the article isn't that they should prevent more cheating from happening, but they should work hard to reduce cheating.

> If a University starts allowing cheating (by ignoring it) the value of their degree will fall over time. Not at all once, but these things get noticed

This also means that any effort put into reducing cheating would lead to benefits (if any) far removed from the actions undertaken.
by gavinray | 2025-06-01 10:48:19+00:00
> React has become a behemoth requiring vendor specific hosting

This is one of the silliest things I've read in a while.

React is sub-3kB minified + gzip'ed [0], and the grand majority of React apps I've deployed are served as static assets from a fileserver.

My blog runs off of Github Pages, for instance.

People will always find a way to invent problems for themselves, but this is a silly example.

[0] https://bundlephobia.com/package/react@19.1.0
by meowface | 2025-06-01 10:50:28+00:00
My hearing is pretty good and I am a native English speaker and it is shocking how often I need to turn on subtitles every few minutes in some new show I'm watching because I have no clue what was said even after rewinding three times. At the same time, I am extremely distracted by subtitles so I can't leave them on permanently.

The darkness problem is also quite annoying, though varies a lot by show. I just started watching Silo, and while I understand most scenes are supposed to take place in a pretty dark environment (inside of a silo), everything is just so dark in almost all scenes.
by hexage1814 | 2025-06-01 10:52:35+00:00
For instance, I use to: redirect new reddit site to old.reddit.com

I keep a blog on wordpress.com, but I really dislike their new blog admin interface, but the interface one can still be accessed , so I redirect to there to edit my posts on the old interface

I use some alternative front-ends, like imginn.com, which is alternative front-end to instagram, so I set to redirect links there.

This sort of thing.
by vipin-tanna | 2025-06-01 10:53:58+00:00
We just launched Gabriel Operator — a browser-based platform that transforms your screen activity into fully executable AI agents. You simply record what you do in the browser, and we turn it into a repeatable agent that runs like a workflow—no APIs, no code.

What makes it different? • Works entirely off your screen (great for websites without APIs) • Agents can loop, branch, and request input • You can publish & monetize your automations • Fully web-based, no installation needed

Next week, we’re rolling out Creator Mode — allowing anyone to publish, share, and sell their own “Digital Angels” (our name for agents). We’re offering free access for the first month to early adopters who want to shape how this platform grows.

Would love feedback, thoughts, or AMA. We’re building this for real-world automation beyond devs — and we’re still early.
by ETH_start | 2025-06-01 10:55:00+00:00
Your assessment is deeply flawed. A land value tax does not make home ownership expensive. It makes land consumption expensive. If you live in a condo unit in a 40-story tower, you pay almost zero land value tax because you use very little land.

But if someone wants a sprawling estate, they should expect to pay more — especially in areas where that land could otherwise support hundreds of homes, jobs, or services. That’s the point. Land in high-demand areas is a scarce public resource. Using it efficiently — through dense development — lets more people benefit from the opportunity, infrastructure, and services that come with central locations.

Land value tax encourages exactly that. It doesn’t punish ownership — it rewards efficient use.
by scotty79 | 2025-06-01 10:57:25+00:00
right, because what will really improve their business is moving to a country with less and poorer consumers, they could extract money from

also .. what's bad about the rich moving out? you can always print more money to balance out the money they've taken away

and companies and properties that they used to owned are gonna be sold to some new people who are not that rich yet
by sandworm101 | 2025-06-01 10:57:54+00:00
>> Andor is a masterpiece.

No. A masterpiece would not have any fluff. There are all number of scenes/characters that could be cut from Andor without any real impact. Entire scenes and characters could be dropped without impacting the narrative. (The entire forest planet sequence imho.)

Andor is a product of the "for your consideration" form of review made popular by the Academy (oscars). Each scene is excellent. Each scene is a cinematic tour de force. But they are all independent scenes. Rearrange the order, shuffle the scene deck, and little changes as the scenes are not dependent on each other. The overall narrative is thin. That may make for good/popular television but it is not deserving of "masterpiece".
by mtlmtlmtlmtl | 2025-06-01 10:59:23+00:00
Not the author, but probably very poorly. This seems more like a proof of concept, it's written in Python, has a very basic tree search which is very light on heuristics. And likely the NN is undertrained too, but I can't tell from the repo. In comparison Stockfish is absurdly optimised in every aspect, from its datastructures to its algorithms. Considering how long it took the LeelaZero team to get their implementation to be competitive with latest Stockfish, I'd be shocked if this thing stood a chance.

Of course, beating Stockfish is almost certainly not the goal for this project, looks more like a project to get familiar with MLX.
by alpaca128 | 2025-06-01 11:00:04+00:00
As others point out it's a biased comparison. Their compared Blender render ran more than 10x as many cycles as usual, ran on a GPU without raytracing acceleration which could make it slower than consumer models, and potentially it also included the startup time of the renderer.

Considering their AI achieved about 96% accuracy to the reference, it would be more interesting to see how Blender does on fitting hardware and with a matching quality setting. Or maybe even a modern game engine.
by meowface | 2025-06-01 11:00:38+00:00
It makes me wish it were the actual start of the franchise and then they made Rogue One and the trilogy de novo. In that counterfactual I think there's a good shot it'd be far better than the originals, and the Star Wars story would be considered not just a classic but a masterpiece. (I don't think the original trilogy is bad exactly, but the trilogy with the Andor look/feel/style/writing/acting could've been some of the best films ever.)
by travisjungroth | 2025-06-01 11:00:55+00:00
You were. At least, as long as you don’t take “you” to be just the subvocalized thoughts of your mind.

Something that gets in the way of people’s understanding of themselves (not accusing you of this) is thinking that they’re aware of everything going on inside their brain. This is obviously not true.

You can’t catch a ball by being aware of the angle of every joint as you do it. You can understand someone speaking by considering all the rules of grammar and vocabulary as you listen. It’s just too slow.

It’s like a CLI program in verbose mode. Even with stuff flying across the screen, you can’t print out everything that’s happening. It’s just too much.

While you sleep, your brain is rearranging itself to solve your problems. It would be just as accurate to say you are rearranging your brain, because your brain is a part of you and you are a part of it. If I give someone a handshake, my hand is touching their hand and I am touching their hand.

Keeping the conscious mind updated on this whole process at all times would be like telling a PM about every keystroke.
by angusdewer | 2025-06-01 11:03:06+00:00
I’ve published an experimental framework called the Dephaze Protocol, modeling reality as a dynamic phase field using a single equation. It bridges physics, cognition, and field theory.

What makes it unique is that every output must be validated through resonance, and the system responds with [RESONANCE MISSING] if it detects insufficient coherence.

This may interest those in theoretical modeling, neural simulation, or information physics.

https://github.com/angusdewer/dephaze-protocol MIT License | Author: Angus Dewer

Would love feedback, critiques, or forks!
by mcv | 2025-06-01 11:04:42+00:00
Andor is by far the best Star Wars. Rogue One is very good, and the only movie that's in the same league as the originals, but Andor is so much better.

I don't think we'll see anything on the same level as Andor again; they already cut the original plans from 5 seasons to 2; it's simply too expensive and costs too much time to do it this well. But I do hope that future Star Wars shows will try to follow at least some aspects of its example: better writing, more human stories, focus on core themes, not on fan service or milking established characters.

Of course production values will be lower, but I can live with that if they get the other stuff right.
by dooglius | 2025-06-01 11:05:26+00:00
Should have followed the tried and true approach of https://xkcd.com/1597/

This sort of thing is how I will never understand the attitude of people who claim that git is not actually confusing and you just have to learn it. If even the titans of kernel development (for whom git was created!) get screwed up, what hope do the rest of us have?
by hansmayer | 2025-06-01 11:05:45+00:00
Well, someone did to me as well as millions of other Google Workspace users. So you're not using google workspace, good for you! Despite turning the Gemini off in administrative settings, myself and millions of other users get daily "nudges" to consider Gemini summarising our e-mails or do some other superfluous bullshit. And the alternatives are few and between, at least if I want a shot at my email actually being delivered and not sorted into spam.
by apples_oranges | 2025-06-01 11:07:51+00:00
You guys are excluding the George Lucas movies from discussion right?

In my opinion nothing ever came even close and I gave up on SW after the second Kylo Ren movie. Rouge one was cool though, also first episodes of Mandalorian..

Should I really try Andor after all the bad stuff Disney made?

A few days ago I watched the new LILO and Stitch and that was great, so maybe good people still work at Disney …
by kemotep | 2025-06-01 11:08:40+00:00
As an advocate for the Single Tax this is a great article explaining a land valuation method I had never heard of before.

This would work locally, maybe even up to the county level but how would we reach a consensus at the State and Federal levels?

Here is a link to a Federal study of land value: https://www.bea.gov/system/files/papers/WP2015-3.pdf

There is roughly 1.4B acres of private property that is worth $21,200B or $14,763/acre on average. At a 100% LVT of this average would generate ~20 Trillion in tax revenue. Giving the Feds 8, States seem to spend a total of around 3 or let’s say 4 to put towards debt payments, and then another 5 for local governments. Leaving 3 trillion to redistribute as a people’s dividend which with something like 150 million tax returns submitted each year would be something like $20k per household/tax payer.

This would 100% cover all costs of the government with a Single Tax. No more sales taxes, capital gains, corporate taxes, etc. And as someone who lives on less than an acre paying a fraction of $14,000 for taxes would be such a massive tax cut for me and most people I know.

Tragically this would cause most land in the US to have zero or negative market value, leading to massive distortions and trillions of dollars of wealth destruction. In addition farms would have onerous tax burdens also destroying them. Leading to them either needing to be nationalized or require significant (90+%) tax breaks.

So completely unrealistic and highly disruptive so will never be adopted. But with this Somner method maybe we could get closer to adopting the Single Tax.
by nixpulvis | 2025-06-01 11:09:00+00:00
It's really too bad nobody has been able to step into the role Steve had for the industry. We lack the ability to effectivly communicate what's new and exciting to people and it's effecting the moral across the board.

Now it's hypemen with teams of engineers pushing their solutions more and more.

I'm not saying Steve didn't contribute to hype, but somehow he made it feel natural and welcome.
by diggan | 2025-06-01 11:09:24+00:00
> It also started indexing our private repository and some corporate repositories that were on GitHub behind MFA and stringent lock. Definitely illegal.

What is "it" in this context, the DeepSeek weights? Sounds like you're talking about some application, but AFAIK, DeepSeek doesn't maintain any applications, only their API + released weights.
by yjftsjthsd-h | 2025-06-01 11:09:29+00:00
And there's enough use of long lived distros (RHEL being the extreme case, but also Ubuntu and Debian) that most software supports older Linux versions. In fact, in the case of this particular discussion (Android compatibility), it's quite normal (unfortunately) to have ancient kernels. And also user apps rarely care about the kernel and just use the Android APIs that sit on top of it, so I'm skeptical that AoW would actually need to worry about rapidly changing its kernel emulation.
by alpaca128 | 2025-06-01 11:10:02+00:00
I don't get what makes Zig errors better. As I understand it they're just named error codes with special syntax for handling them, meaning any more complex error type or any kind of contextual information has to be dealt with separately. If you want to return the location of a syntax error in the input you can't provide that information in the error. Zig has a couple opinionated properties I find strange, but the error handling is the one I find the most puzzling.

Meanwhile Rust treats all possible error types the same way as long as they're wrapped in Result.
by bravesoul2 | 2025-06-01 11:11:46+00:00
Hard to find sources on what doesn't exist but this article suggests the US doesn't pay tax on unrealised gains. https://www.axios.com/2024/08/23/kamala-harris-unrealized-ca...

I think exercising an option may be an event that realizes gains and causes issues for someone who has to pay tax but can't sell the asset as it is not liquid. But I think that isn't what you are taking about?

As for revenue. Many companies are priced at X revenue, but those are companies you expect to grow. If a company raises $1m and sells AI tokens for $1m/y (the revenue) in order to "dominate the market" but they pay AWS $2m/y for, and they can't raise any more or increase prices then that startup is probably worth nothing. For example.

Another example is a bar that sells $1m in revenue drinks and food, makes 500k gross and 50k net after staff, rent taxes etc.
by SatvikBeri | 2025-06-01 11:11:48+00:00
My company has used Julia for about 5 years now. 90% of the time in application code you only need single dispatch, same as OOP.

One case where I actually rely on multiple dispatch is conversion to more or less structured data. Inspired by Clojure, I have a function `conform(OutputDataType, input_data::SomeType)` and specific implementations depend on both types involved.

Multiple dispatch is also really helpful when two libraries don't quite do the same thing. In python pandas, numpy, and pytorch all have slightly different implementations of x.std() (standard deviation) with slightly different APIs. This means you can't write code that's generic across a numpy array or a pytorch tensor. In Python this could only easily be fixed if library authors coordinate, but with multiple dispatch you can just fix this in your own code.
by DonHopkins | 2025-06-01 11:11:56+00:00
Thank you!!! It's so awesome when an unrepentant racist piece of shit chimes in to perfectly prove my point!

I swear, folks: dennis_jeeves2 is not my sock puppet, the way Scott "plannedchaos" Adams is his own sock puppet and biggest fan.

Scott Adams Poses as His Own Fan on Message Boards to Defend Himself:

https://comicsalliance.com/scott-adams-plannedchaos-sockpupp...

>Dilbert creator Scott Adams came to our attention last month for the first time since the mid to late '90s when a blog post surfaced where he said, among other things, that women are "treated differently by society for exactly the same reason that children and the mentally handicapped are treated differently. It's just easier this way for everyone."

>Now, he's managed to provoke yet another internet maelstorm of derision by popping up on message boards to harangue his critics and defend himself. That's not news in and of itself, but what really makes it special is how he's doing it: by leaving comments on Metafilter and Reddit under the pseudonym PlannedChaos where he speaks about himself in the third person and attacks his critics while pretending that he is not Scott Adams, but rather just a big, big fan of the cartoonist.

>And what makes it really, really special is the level of spectacular ego and hilarious self-congratulation suddenly on display in the comments when you realize they were written by Scott Adams' number one fan... Scott Adams. [...]
by microtonal | 2025-06-01 11:13:00+00:00
Nix guarantees that a given derivation will always evaluate to the same store .drv (the 'recipe' that is actually built) if the derivation itself (or anything it depends on, passed as arguments) does not change.

This property requires a pure language with no side-effects. Nix was not completely pure (e.g. `currentSystem` and `getEnv` were impure), but Flakes close this gap.

You could of course generate Nix from another language (or .drvs), but you probably want to keep the same guarantees.

Besides that, Nix itself is actually a pretty simple functional programming language. The difficulty is probably for most people knowing/understanding everything that is built on top of it: fixed points, overlays, nixpkgs.lib, stdenv, overriding, hooks, all the programming-language specific builders, etc. It is a pretty big ecosystem and a lot of it is not very well documented.

That said, when I started using nixpkgs/NixOS in 2018, it was the easiest package ecosystem to start contributing too. RPM .spec and Debian rules files are quite archaic, nixpkgs was really a breath of fresh air. It's just that because NixOS is very principled and does not follow HFS, you have to become a packager yourself much sooner than most other distributions to get stuff working. (Though this changed a bit with nix-ld.)
by jsnell | 2025-06-01 11:13:26+00:00
I'm not a ML research or engineer, so take this with a grain of salt, but I'm a bit confused by this post.

Deepseek V3/R1 are expensive to run locally because they are so big compared to the models people usually run locally. The number of active parameters is obviously lower than the full model size, but that basically just helps with the compute requirements, not the memory requirements. Unless you have multiple H100s lying around, V3/R1 are only run locally as impractical stunts with some or all the model being stored on low bandwidth memory.

We can't compare the size of Deepseek V3 to that of any proprietary frontier models because we don't know the size of those models at all (or even their architecture). The models being compared to that are "expensive at scale" you can't run locally at all, but surely we have no reason to believe that they'd somehow be cheap to run locally?

But I thought you'd typically expect exactly the opposite effect than is claimed here? MoE should be the better tradeoff for the local/single-user scenario since the downside of batching being harder / less efficient doesn't matter.

> Bigger batches raise latency because user tokens might be waiting up to 200ms before the batch is full enough to run, but they boost throughput by allowing larger (and thus more efficient) GEMMs in the feed-forward step

Is it really that the matrixes being multiplied are larger? My mental model is that the purpose of batching isn't to get larger input matrices. It's to move the bottleneck from memory bandwidth to compute. The matrices are already sharded to a much smaller size than the size of the entire model or even layer. So you'll basically load some slice of the weights from the HBM to SRAM, do the multiplication for that slice, and then aggregate the results once all tiles have been processed. Batching lets you do multiple separate computations with the same weights, meaning you get more effective FLOPS per unit of memory bandwidth.

> The fact that OpenAI and Anthropic’s models are quick to respond suggests that either:

Is that actually a fact? The post has no numbers on the time to first token for any of the three providers.
by maximus-decimus | 2025-06-01 11:13:37+00:00
You were saying that assignments are needed otherwise students won't do them and then fail the exam. That's what I was answering to. And it's relevant to cheating on assignments because the thread was about not grading assignments to avoid people cheating on assignments.

I don't understand your second question. Currently, university assignments are graded to hold students by the hand. I'm saying they shouldn't do that.