MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by dismalaf | 2025-06-25 09:26:10+00:00
This was always going to happen. Tesla got first mover advantage but realistically, they never really had a tech advantage. It's easier for existing car companies to electrify than to create a new car company.

Volkswagen group EVs are pretty good, Volvo/Polestar EVs look really good, BYD is like Tesla but with Chinese backing and seem to be pulling ahead in battery tech, Hyundai/Kia produce batteries and control a ton of their supply chain being a conglomerate, etc... Tesla's battery tech is stale, their designs are stale (except the Cybertruck which is hideous), and all this is before considering the US/Elon Musk craziness...

Edit - should add, outside all the more innovative brands, every legacy brand has an EV as well.
by mondayblews | 2025-06-25 09:27:13+00:00
well then you might like these options

internal / admin ops heavy tooling (niche cases simple apps) DronaHQ Tooljet (Retool as well but youve already considered it)

external (consumer facing) Bubble Flutterflow (haven't tried myself but heard good things about WeWeb as well)

all these players have AI capabilities and exhaustive integration to CRM / sales tools that you might like to look at
by altairprime | 2025-06-25 09:27:38+00:00
They could, for example, use lossy compression for the compatibility layer and then fill it in the rest of the way to lossless using incompatible new compression objects. Legacy uses will see some fidelity degradation, but they are already being stuck with sRGB downmixes, so that’s fine — and those who are bothered by it can just emit a lossless-pixels (but lossy-color and lossy-range) compatibility layer and reserve the compression benefits for the color and dynamic range.

I’m not saying this is what will happen — but if I was able to construct a plausible approach to compression in ten minutes, then perhaps it’s a bit early to predict the doom of compatibility.
by ryao | 2025-06-25 09:27:45+00:00
I had the same thought, only to read the detail about the train being empty on the return trip, which would make this feasible.

If they devise a grid tie system using a third rail to receive/transmit power, they could avoid placing a battery on the train and excess energy could be provided to the grid, which would be even more cost effective. Even if they opt out of connecting to the grid, the battery could be located at a stationary location rather than carried by the train, which should reduce the train’s permanent mass, lowering the size of the battery needed.
by toyg | 2025-06-25 09:27:49+00:00
The brand is all Tesla had left, once the competition caught up (and in practice they have). And now the brand too is damaged. Musk would have to resign and fully, publicly divest from the company, for it to recover. Or, he could start making hybrids and try to get support from the MAGA crowd. But in the current form, Tesla will die a slow death.
by goless | 2025-06-25 09:27:54+00:00
Haha, thanks for your reply, I will improve my documentation to make the descriptions more accurate, and you may raise some issues to help this library better.

As for why semantic composition is used, the following example may be instructive：

yes_or_no(exit,a) This means confirm once before exiting

yes_or_no(yes_or_no(exit,a),a) Confirm twice before exiting

yes_or_no(yes_or_no(yes_or_no(exit,a),a),a) Confirm three times before exiting

This is very similar to the composition you describe.

This is the actual code: https://github.com/sdzx-1/polystate-examples/blob/fecaffb5b7...

If there is no name for this way of using state machines, then semantic composition seems appropriate.

Exceptionally, combining two states in a polystate may actually be combining two small state machines, and I think nested selects are sufficient to illustrate this.

https://github.com/sdzx-1/ray-game/blob/9646bc3c0f1c11314aaf...

How do you understand such behavior?
by 4ggr0 | 2025-06-25 09:28:03+00:00
as someone who uses CLI text editors frequently, but not often enough to build the muscle memory which remembers VI shortcuts, i really appreciate simple text editors.

i know that i can press like 3-4 arbitrary buttons to mark a block to move it to a different place - how about i just mark it with my cursor and CTRL-X CTRL-V, like every freaking other program out there.

i appreciate that i got VI on freshly installed or secured servers, but for things i use daily, i just want it to be KISS. already counting on people answering 'but vim is easy and simple'. opinions differ i guess.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9n1dtmzqnCU
by TeMPOraL | 2025-06-25 09:28:04+00:00
Yeah, working in an MS shop in the past couple years, that's what I've been saying ever since first iteration Copilot for MS Office came out, and it's true to this very day: you want AI to help you with your MS Office files? Ask ChatGPT. Or get API keys and use some frontend with a half-assed third party plugin that knows how to convert Markdown into .docx or such. Results are still an order of magnitude better than the Copilot in MS Office.

I blame it on corporate reluctance to take risks that could result in bad press. They put a lot of work into screwing Copilot up. I mean, they had it running GPT-4 back when GPT-4 was the new hot thing. The way it was comically useless is not something that "just happens" - as evidenced by the fact, that just running GPT-4 via API yourself produced good results by default.
by pjc50 | 2025-06-25 09:28:06+00:00
(reposting my standard comment when someone brings up micropayments again. Previously https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=15592192 )

Unsolved, difficult problems of micropayments:

pay before viewing: how do you know that the thing you're paying for is the thing that you're expecting? What if it's a rickroll or goatse?

so do you give refunds a la steam?

pay and adverts: double-dipping is very annoying

pay and adverts: how do you know who you're paying? A page appears with a micropayment request, but how do you know you've not just paid the advertiser to view their ad?

pay and frame: can you have multiple payees per displayed page? (this has good and bad ideas)

pay and popups: it's going to be like those notification or app install modals, yet another annoyance for people to bounce off

pay limits: contactless has a £30 limit here. Would you have the same payment system suitable for $.01 payments and $1000 payments? How easy is it to trick people into paying over the odds (see refunds)?

pay and censors: who's excluded from the payment system? Why?

Part 2: business model problems!

getting money into the system is plagued by usual fraud problems of stolen card transactions for pure digital goods

nobody wants to build a federated system; everyone wants to build a Play/Apple/Steam store where they take 30%

winner-take-all effects are very strong

Play store et al already exist, why not use that? Yes it takes 30%, but how much does the micropayment system take?

Free substitute goods are just a click away

Consumers will pirate anything no matter how cheap the original is (although: Spotify)

No real consumer demand for micropayments

=> lemma from previous 3 items: market for online goods is efficient enough to drive all marginal prices to zero

existing problem of the play store letting your kid spend all the money

Friction: it would be great if you didn't have to repeatedly approve things, such as a micropayment for every page of a webcomic archive. But blanket approval lets bad actors drain the jar or inattentive users waste it and then feel conned

First most obvious model for making this work is porn, which is inevitably blacklisted by the payment processors, has a worse environment for fraud/chargebacks, and is toxic to VCs (see Patreon and even Craigslist)

Internet has actually killed previously working "micropayment" systems such as Minitel, paid ringtones (anyone remember the dark era of Crazy Frog?); surviving ones like premium SMS and phone have a scammy, seedy feel.

Accounting requirements: do you have to pay VAT on that micropayment? do you have to declare it? Is it a federal offence to sell something to an Iranian or North Korean for one cent?
by Cthulhu_ | 2025-06-25 09:28:50+00:00
A quick google says they hauled about 60% of their cargo with electric locomotives, 70% of passenger traffic. Currently about 51.5% of modern-day Russia's 105.000 km rail network is electrified. Compare with others on this chart (which seems to omit Russia for some reason): https://www.itf-oecd.org/transport-connectivity-trends-compa.... TL;DR, they did not, in fact, electrify all rail.

As for your swimming in money comment, I'm not sure what you mean; the Soviet Union was an industrial powerhouse and the second largest economy in the world between WW2 and the mid-80's, its economic decline only started after that with economic liberalisation under Gorbachev, followed by both oil price collapse and the costliest disaster in human history (until then), the Chernobyl incident, both in '86. Japan overtook it as the 2nd largest economy only by 1990.
by miohtama | 2025-06-25 09:29:44+00:00
> Alsup also said, however, that Anthropic violated the authors' rights by saving pirated copies of their books as part of a "central library of all the books in the world" that would not necessarily be used for AI training.

Because Google has Google Books, now any US-based AI company can no longer compete against Gemini, or Chinese competitors who really do not care about copyright.
by mmcnl | 2025-06-25 09:29:59+00:00
Confusing is underselling it. That implies that Python dependency management is working fine, it's just complex. But it's not working fine: there's no such thing as lock files, which makes reproducible installs a gamble and not a given. For small scripts this is probably "okay", but if you're working in a team or want to deploy something on a server, then it's absolutely not fine because you want deterministic builds and that's simply impossible without a decent package manager.

Tools like uv solve the "it works on my machine" problem. And it's also incredibly fast.
by dang | 2025-06-25 09:30:44+00:00
Ok, thanks.

> any reason to write this here?

It's better to do the moderation on the site itself, for a bunch of reasons. The main one is that it communicates to the community that moderation exists, and what the standards are.

Even then, it's hard to get the message across*—you'd be surprised how many regular HN readers don't realize the site is moderated at all!

* https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&que...
by simoncion | 2025-06-25 09:31:17+00:00
> Wayland however I assume is already built so it doesn't need the driver to implement some workaround to fix it...

My money is on Wayland enabling the equivalent of this setting by default.

> I presume there was some tradeoff which...

Did you notice any problems after enabling the setting? If you didn't notice any problems, then why would you care about any hypothetical tradeoffs?
by arrowsmith | 2025-06-25 09:31:43+00:00
> The micro-transaction proposals everyone cried about in the early 2000's would have been so much better than this.

Would it? As you point out, this idea has been floating around for at least twenty years, and there have been several attempts to implement it, but it's never come even remotely close to taking off.

If it was really such a good idea, it would surely be with us by now. "Better" for who?
by ZeroGravitas | 2025-06-25 09:31:50+00:00
In Europe wind power peaks in the winter so with batteries and hydro to smooth out the gaps you can get a combination of solar and wind to match your demand with relative ease. This does depend on location though, Texas wind peaks in Spring apparently.

A parallel and necessary step (one that has, suspiciously, suddenly become a culture war for the far right in europe) is electrification of heating with heat pumps, which lets you use your existing gas infrastructure to meet winter generation needs.
by syhol | 2025-06-25 09:32:39+00:00
Mise has a very similar feature with its shebangs: https://mise.jdx.dev/tips-and-tricks.html#shebang

#!/usr/bin/env -S mise x xh jq fzf gum -- bash todo=$(xh 'https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos' | jq '.[].title' | fzf) gum style --border double --padding 1 "$todo"

It makes throwing together a bash scripts with dependencies very enjoyable
by sylware | 2025-06-25 09:33:41+00:00
Don't forget, "open source" is not enough: we need _lean_ open source and I do include the SDK (then programing language).

That for software/protocol/file formats (and hardware programing interfaces...).

It is much easier to say than done, and when you read that, often it is to apply pressure on microsoft pricing only without a real intent to start to "digitally assume themselves".

Keep in mind: there is ZERO, Z-E-R-O, economic competition with big tech as they are backed by funds with thousands of billions of $ and they their billions of $ too. They will spend anybody out of business (~usually 5-10 years, even longer), and "buy" anybody (then throw them away once lock-in is assured).

For instance: libreoffice is horrible (c++ grotesque syntax complexity is the culprit), PDF file format is insane (I cannot event download the specs with noscript/basic (x)html browsers!). Better write simple utf8 text files along with some PNG images mkv(AV1/OPUS) video if needed.

Basically, you need to generate programmatically the PDF files of the administration since there are no "reasonable" (as far as I know) open source software to do so (often c++, then excluded de-facto).
by reify | 2025-06-25 09:36:22+00:00
I have sat on interview boards before.

pretty boring.

4 interviewers, with a set number of questions, a tick box scenario. each interviewer marking out of 10 if the interviewee had reached the requirements of training and professional experiences.

after interviews finished.

discuss interviewees and compare notes. choose the best candidate on tick boxing.

maybe ai can do this but it cannot do human.

for instance

At one interview session an interviewee, who did not reach the requirements on the marks out of 10, was offered the job.

during the interview, completely ignoring our questions, he started telling us about his hobby, he produced photo's and a newspaper article. he was so enthusiastic and articulate, we were all mesmerised. There was something special about him.

He was just the person we were looking for. tick boxing would never uncover this.

I personally think that all interviewees should bring their hobbies to interview.
by schnitzelstoat | 2025-06-25 09:36:32+00:00
Tesla is the Roomba of electric cars.

Technologically behind the competition and more expensive too, but a strong brand name well known for being one of the first major electric car producers.

Now the brand is toxic BYD etc. will overtake them in Europe too. Ironically, it's Europe's own tariffs against China that have protected them from BYD for this long.
by nunodonato | 2025-06-25 09:36:44+00:00
I have my own personal digital assistant in the form of a telegram bot. Why telegram? Because it is in a group with me, my wife, and the bot. It manages our calendars, reminders, shopping list, and a few other things. When we think of something that might be useful, I add it. It's been great, and because it's on telegram, my wife uses it without issues.
by troupo | 2025-06-25 09:37:08+00:00
While this might be useful, be mindful:

- it's experimental

- the "specification" is nowhere near a standards track: https://webmachinelearning.github.io/translation-api/

Of course it's already shipped in Chrome, and now Chrome pretends that its own Chrome-only API is somehow standard. Expect people on HN to blame other browsers for not shipping this.
by 0points | 2025-06-25 09:37:15+00:00
> You're running a cluster, and your users are biologists producing large datasets. They need to run some very specific command line software to assemble genomes. They need to edit SLURM scripts over SSH. This is all far outside their comfort zone. You need to point them at a text editor, which one do you choose?

Wrongly phrased scenario. If you are running this cluster for the biologists, you should build a front end for them to "edit SLURM scripts", or you may find yourself looking for a new job.

> A Bioinformatics Engineer develops software, algorithms, and databases to analyze biological data.

You're an engineer, so why don't you engineer a solution?
by oersted | 2025-06-25 09:38:49+00:00
Not exactly, but yeah. OpenRouter is a unified API, directory and billing system for LLM providers.

I think you are getting confused by the term "Model Routing", which to be fair OpenRouter does support, but it's a secondary feature and it's not their business focus. Actually OpenRouter is more focused on helping you choose the best provider for a specific open model based on their history of price, speed, reliability, privacy...

The model routing is simply provided by NotDiamond.ai, there are a number of other startups in this space.

https://openrouter.ai/docs/features/model-routing
by mondayblews | 2025-06-25 09:38:59+00:00
there are a lot of mixed reviews on this tool but chatgpt still is one of my most used ai tools - from work to personal life.

i find it helpful to sort of help me make sense of things when i have lots of ideas and unable to structure it

I've even used it for emergencies - trying to locate a place while visiting another city and both maps and the place's insta guide failed .. it was pouring down there. (maybe that's why im partial lol)

i have also started enjoying notebooklm for contextual content generation

gemini - ive tried but it keeps disappointing. currently exploring perplexity
by perihelions | 2025-06-25 09:39:12+00:00
The quickest way to work around the numeric overflow issues is to use the Stirling approximation of the logarithm of the factorial,

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stirling's_approximation#Speed...

You can build on that to build good, composable approximations of any the standard combinatorial functions, in log-space (and recover the approximations you want by simply exponentiating back). For example, if you've implemented an approximate ln-fac(n) ~ ln(fac(n)), you immediately get ln-choose, the logarithm of (n!)/(k!(n-k)!), as simply ln-fac(n) - ln-fac(k) - ln-fac(n-k). Fully composable: if ln-fac() is a numerically good approximation, then is so any reasonable sum or difference.

Or: the log of the binomial distribution PDF is simply ln-choose(n,k) + k*ln(p) + (n-k)*ln(1-p).
by TrackerFF | 2025-06-25 09:39:42+00:00
Don't have time to watch a 42m vid now, but I can see how people are starting to view ChatGPT (and similar models) as some miraculous oracle, of sorts. Even if you start using the models with your eyes wide open, knowing how much they can hallucinate, with time - it is easy to lower your guard, and just trust the models more and more.

To get a reality check, open up 3-4 different models (ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, etc.), and ask them topics you know really well, and questions you already know the answers to. And see that maybe a quarter, or 25% will fail somewhat. Some topics are of course easier for these than others.
by account42 | 2025-06-25 09:39:49+00:00
Do they not have ATMs at the airport? Seems unnecessarily risky to not just take the opportunity to pay the fine as quickly as possible - visa overstays can easily end in detention in many (especially Asian) countries and not just in the US.

And while the delay might have been the airline's fault and possibly you could have a civil claim against them for damages incurred it is still your responsibility to have a valid Visa and not overstay it and also your responsibility to pay any fines for it (which you may or may not be able to get reimbursed).
by notahacker | 2025-06-25 09:41:09+00:00
Got to have the effect of squat slowing you down any time you try to move too fast on a canal too, and then that remarkable difference when you get out onto a decent sized river.

Unfortunately it doesn't seem to want to load for me so I can't see whether it's simulated the fun of single-handing locks...

(Bought mine because I was living in the mirror timeline, now on sale so I can stop acting like I'm retired and do some actual work rather than pootling about at 2mph all day...)
by simoncion | 2025-06-25 09:41:25+00:00
> Any video player, playing any fast paced video you'll see X11 struggle to keep up with drawing full frames that it'd just give up and draw half of one frame and another half of another frame and call it a day.

What hardware are you running on?

Among the many systems I have, I have a laptop running an Intel 945GM [0]. I don't see the behavior you're reporting even if I have it hooked up [1] to a 1080p external display. On that system, I have zero Xorg config files... it's all default settings.

I also don't see the behavior you report on any of my much more powerful systems.

[0] Integrated graphics chip released somewhere around 2006

[1] Via VGA cable!
by kelnos | 2025-06-25 09:42:10+00:00
> yet empirically, most people wont.

Empirically how? To my knowledge, there's never been a widespread micropayments system that targeted this use case. So how do we know? All we know is that publishers think micropayments would eat into their subscription revenue, and that they want readers to give them personal information so they can spam and track them (something that may not be possible with micropayments).

So how do we know this, empirically? I don't think we do.
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by simoncion | 2025-06-25 09:44:08+00:00
> It's nice to not have tearing.

If you're running AMD hardware, try enabling the TearFree option. [0] I've been using this for years and years and years and it works fine.

[0] See this for a config file you could plop into place: <https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44375247>
by perrygeo | 2025-06-25 09:44:44+00:00
I'm very skeptical of plastics research at this point. Remember the "we have a plastic spoon worth of microplastics in our brains!" hype cycle. Turns out their methods were highly flawed and "not a suitable analysis method for PE and PVC in biological matrices" (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11800385/)

Can anyone comment on the methods used here? Seems they don't have the same issues.