MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by edanm | 2025-06-22 15:11:18+00:00
> So, are you saying the US must go war with Iran now because Hezbollah was founded 43 years ago and does not like Israel?

No, I didn't say that, and I'm not sure why you're switching to talk about this.

I was specifically refuting this idea from the GP of this thread:

> Sort of. I think there was an effort to put a rules-based framework, still skewed towards the "great powers", but a framework nonetheless.

This and other parts of that comment implied that, up until now, there was a rules-based order, but this attack somehow goes against that.

I was pointing out that this doesn't make much sense to me, because Iran has been breaking that rules-based order for years and getting away with it. Saying that enforcing the order is the problem, and not the attempt to circumvent it, is IMO incorrect.

You're free to correct me on that idea if you disagree, it's certainly a debatable opinion. But the only thing you disagreed with me on (or at least the thing you called out) was that Iran wasn't funding proxies against Israel, it was to contain Saudi Arabia. That, unlike my alternative view of what the war signifies, is something that is at odds with reality.
by pkhuong | 2025-06-22 15:12:32+00:00
One easy slip-up with discussing p values in the context of a workflow or a decision-making process is that a process with p < 0.05 doesn't give us any bound on the actual ratio of actually good VS lucky changes. If we only consider good changes, the fraction of false positive changes is 0%; if we only consider bad changes, that fraction is 100%. Hypothesis testing is no replacement for insight or taste.
by FridayoLeary | 2025-06-22 15:12:58+00:00
That is true in much the same way that the UK caused ww2 by refusing to make peace with the Germans in 1940. Or the soviets for selfishly resisting their invasion attempt.

Israel doesn't start any wars, it just finishes them. Hamas, hezbolla, syria, yemen and iran started up with Israel for no good reason. So they end up with a bloody nose. That's on them.
by thaumasiotes | 2025-06-22 15:13:40+00:00
> In most European mythologies, the thunder god is the most "in charge".

Most? It's true of the Greeks. It's true of the Romans after their mythology is unified with the Greeks, and there's a good chance it was also true before.

But that's it, as far as I see. It's not true of Celtic mythology and Slavic mythology is barely known.
by golol | 2025-06-22 15:13:44+00:00
If you fight in an active civil war you are not a terrorist (1948 Arab-Israeli war)

If you strike military targets of an occupation force in a time of guerilla warfare you are not a terrorist. (Many palestinian fighters when there is an active conflict with Israel)

If you strike military targets of an occupation force in a time of relative peace, and your reignition of violence has no goal of achieving anything for your people, you are probably not a terrorist, but probably doing something wrong and stupid and horrible that hurts your own civilians, driven by nationalism or ideology or whatever. (Palestinian fighters on October 7 that struck military bases for example).

If you strike civilian targets or tage hostages, you are a terrorist. And worse if you do it at a time of relative peace to ignite violence against your own people. Hamas, Hezbollah and the Houthi's have engaged in plenty of the latter since a long time.

By the way, if you level a building with 8 militants and 20 civilians that is brutal urban warcare but not terrorism. If you go to a festival and kill predominantly hundreds of civilians, that's terrorism.
by firesteelrain | 2025-06-22 15:14:10+00:00
Because Iran's leadership isn’t stupid. They know a full-on attack against the US would bring overwhelming retaliation and possibly collapse the regime. They've been hit before (like when Soleimani was killed) and their response was pretty measured. They’ll do something to save face. Maybe hit a US base through proxies or ramp up attacks on Israel-but a direct war with the US? Not worth it for them. Too much to lose.
by pentagrama | 2025-06-22 15:14:32+00:00
> Looks like Denmark's Ministry for Digitization is not in fact moving to Linux right now. The original interview given by the Danish Ministry said that they planned to move to Linux, but this apparently was a misunderstanding between the Ministry and the outlet.

They've since corrected the article, they're moving to just LibreOffice, but not Linux, at least not in the near future.

Source for that correction: https://www.computerworld.dk/art/291812/caroline-stage-udfas...

-----

Source: https://mastodon.social/@thelinuxEXP/114692092674707028
by raverbashing | 2025-06-22 15:15:08+00:00
> Ever heard of the principle of "good faith" in the context of the Swiss law (Article 2 of the Civil Code)?

This is HN, most discussions around laws fail to consider the legal context and practices, especially as it relates to (in general) Europe

Instead, people here think you can "Bazinga" the law to a judge and that GDPR enforcement will drone them if their website don't have a popup.
by samjones33 | 2025-06-22 15:15:31+00:00
>Israel's response to Hamas' attack nearly two years ago now is likely even stronger than the USA's to 9/11

I dunno about that. Iraq suffered between a quarter million and a million dead (depending on how you count). The % of those who touched a gun is low, under %10. The vast majority are civilians.

There wasn't a focused effort to bring in food, water or electricity to Iraq. A key difference is that Iraqis could leave, and hundreds of thousands did (to Syria, Jordan and other countries).

Israel's war in Gaza, messy and horrible as it is, is far (very far) more focused on Hamas than America's wars were in Iraq and Afghanistan.
by pfdietz | 2025-06-22 15:15:33+00:00
> Leading to stainless steel, a first step was the discovery of the method to produce aluminum cheaply, by electrolysis. With cheap aluminum available, a method for producing chromium was discovered, by reducing chromium compounds with metallic aluminum.

Are you sure about that? Chromium is produced (as ferrochrome, a FeCr alloy) by carbothermic reduction of chromite. This is done in an arc furnace, so electrical energy is needed, but no aluminum. Pure chromium (without the iron) is not needed for production of stainless steel.
by hajile | 2025-06-22 15:17:09+00:00
That was when the research wasn't stable.

Any nuclear scientist today knows WAY more about the do's and don'ts of creating nukes than we did when muddling through the Manhattan project. Making basic uranium nukes is time consuming, but nothing too special.

The hard part (by far) is making the missiles to launch those nukes and hit the target. That part is so hard that we've continually failed to replace the Minuteman III which was designed before we even landed on the moon.
by floatrock | 2025-06-22 15:17:28+00:00
This.

Ukraine gave up its nukes to Russia after the collapse of the USSR with a treaty-promise that Russia will never be an aggressor.

Iran has now been bombed into regime change for trying to even get to that point.

If there's one thing every 2-bit aspiring dictator now knows, it's the only way to protect yourself is to get nukes.

This wasn't a non-proliferation enforcement action, this was the nail in the coffin of all future non-proliferation efforts.
by dontTREATonme | 2025-06-22 15:17:43+00:00
Iran has been attacking Israel for the last 30 years and everyone seems to agree that Israel has nukes… so clearly nukes don’t actually work as a deterrent, unless (again according to many comments here) you attack a genocidal state who’s only goal is to kill everyone but not use the only weapon at your disposal that can actually accomplish that goal.

Iraq also attacked an allegedly nuclear capable Israel without fear of a nuclear reprisal.
by Der_Einzige | 2025-06-22 15:17:55+00:00
This belief (LLMs are deterministic except for samplers) is very wrong and will get you into hilariously large amounts of trouble for assuming it's true.

Also greedy sampling considered harmful: https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.09501

From the abstract:

"For instance, under bfloat16 precision with greedy decoding, a reasoning model like DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-7B can exhibit up to 9% variation in accuracy and 9,000 tokens difference in response length due to differences in GPU count, type, and evaluation batch size. We trace the root cause of this variability to the non-associative nature of floating-point arithmetic under limited numerical precision. This work presents the first systematic investigation into how numerical precision affects reproducibility in LLM inference. Through carefully controlled experiments across various hardware, software, and precision settings, we quantify when and how model outputs diverge. Our analysis reveals that floating-point precision—while critical for reproducibility—is often neglected in evaluation practices."
by datameta | 2025-06-22 15:17:59+00:00
The full read particularly resonated with me from the perspective of a metaphor to today's rapidly changing engineering practices.

> “Time was,” he lamented later, “when a man made steel, decided what it was good for and told the customer how to make the best of it. Then, with time’s quickening step, he just made the steel; he engaged another man, who knew nothing about steelmaking, to analyse it, and say what it was good for. Then he engaged a second man, who knew all about hardening and tempering steel; then a third man who could neither make steel, nor analyse it, nor harden and temper it—but this last tested it, put his OK mark on it and passed it into service.”

In a way it warms my heart that obfuscation in such a manner, perhaps even enshittification, is not a new experience for those watching a trade modernise. Several things come to mind: npm and python library dependency hell and LLM as a catalyst of skill atrophy in experts simultaneously with the enablement of a whole new middle layer of proprietors.

Also the article led me to think more about the idea of simultaneous invention - I used to believe it to be redundant and wasted work. But this still can lead to different outcomes even with identical formulations or methods. Getting an invention into use in the world is perhaps as great a feat as the invention itself. I now believe any worthwhile invention deserves more than one champion.

In today's hyperconnected world it is easy to discover that someone else has beaten you to the full flourishing of idea into invention, but I find that doing the novel work oneself with one's own mind and hands still provides the unique learning opportunity which can allow one to invent yet again, albeit now with a widened skill and knowledge horizon.
by zahlman | 2025-06-22 15:18:05+00:00
In Toronto, Canada, egg prices (for a generic large dozen white) have gone from about $2 (CAD) in the pandemic nadir to nearly double that today. But they've done so in fairly regular steps, without any fanfare or unusual spikes/drops (and the current price has been steady for a while now, I'd guess about a year).

It's been very strange to me hearing all these reports about egg prices in the US, because all the other meat and dairy items still seem to be cheaper for you guys (I've found myself quite envious in the past).
by toomuchtodo | 2025-06-22 15:18:29+00:00
Press release:

After 40 years, ESB announces that coal generation has ended at Moneypoint Power Station - https://esb.ie/media-centre-news/press-releases/article/2025... - June 20th, 2025

Related:

Ireland Shuts Last Coal Plant as Europe’s Phaseout Accelerates - https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-06-20/ireland-s... | https://archive.today/PcXPB - June 20th, 2025

Ireland shuts last coal plant, becomes 15th coal-free country in Europe - http://pv-magazine.com/2025/06/20/ireland-coal-free-ends-coa... - June 20th, 2025

Ember European Electricity Review 2025: Five Years of Progress - https://ember-energy.org/latest-insights/european-electricit... - January 23rd, 2025

EU Coal Phase Out Tracker:

https://beyondfossilfuels.org/europes-coal-exit/

Electricity Maps zone:

https://app.electricitymaps.com/zone/IE/72h/hourly
by yencabulator | 2025-06-22 15:19:02+00:00
The "other parsers" in stdlib are gob and encoding/xml.

Gob is a format made for Go, so it does not have a field naming convention mismatch; what's on wire is the Go convention.

encoding/xml isn't really structured as a "convert between equivalent-shaped structs and a message" utility, its struct tags are more like a query language, like a simpler cousin of XPath. Most real-world code using it does things like

type Person struct { FirstName string `xml:"name>first"` LastName string `xml:"name>last"` }

Where as with JSON there was a clear desire to have

{"email": "jdoe@example.com", "name": "John Doe"}

parse with as little noise as possible:

type Person struct { Email string Name string }
by gsf_emergency_2 | 2025-06-22 15:19:24+00:00
https://patents.google.com/patent/US11499234B2/en

I wonder what the other inorganics ("functional additive, embodied in some cases by Silver flakes") are, exactly. In their flagship product.

And the size of the nozzle, why not the easier to remember 400 micrometers?
by varjag | 2025-06-22 15:19:38+00:00
Ukraine was presented a carrot large enough to go along with it. This has nothing to do with its technical ability, as it remained a spacefaring nation throughout the recession years.

Either way you seem to contradict yourself. On one hand Ukraine, then a major owner of former Soviet military industrial complex could not maintain or use the weapons. On the other you insist unspecified rogue actors would be skilled enough to maintain and use them. Make up your mind.

So the rest of the world did not know anything, as the perfect safety record of enriched nuclear fuel in Ukraine illustrates. They did want for the nukes to end up in Russia for the proliferation fears and convenience of negotiating with one power. The decision turned out ultimately misguided, contributing to the unraveling of the postwar world order we see today (ironically including the proliferation of nuclear technology to the rogue states). Bill Clinton, about as insider as it gets have expressed his regrets about it last year.
by hinterlands | 2025-06-22 15:19:41+00:00
I've done some projects like that, although not with as many parts! I think the main disappointment that awaits the author is that within two years or so, the epoxy will turn yellow. These resins are unfortunately not UV-stable, even if kept in a reasonably well-lit area indoors (bookshelf, etc).

There are resins you can use for projects like that if you want them to last, but they're less fun to work with.
by zackify | 2025-06-22 15:19:50+00:00
It has been moving fast.

One weird thing I found a few weeks ago, when I added my remote MCP to Claude's integration tab on the website, I was getting OAuth errors.

Turns out they are requiring a special "claudeai" scope. Once I added that to my server, I was able to use it remotely in claude desktop!

I couldn't find any docs or reasons online for them requesting this scope.

Also, I have been using remote mcps in claude code for weeks with the awesome mcp-remote proxy tool. It's nice to not need that any longer!

Then as I'm writing a book currently on MCP Servers with OAuth, Elicitations come out! I'm rushing to update this book and be the best source for every part of the latest spec, as I can already see lots of gaps in documentation on all these things.

Huge shout out to VS Code for being the best MCP Client, they have support for Elicitations in Insiders already and it works great from my testing.
by anonnon | 2025-06-22 15:19:54+00:00
https://reproductive-health-journal.biomedcentral.com/articl...

Most Muslim countries have horrifically high rates of consanguineous marriage, which directly results in reduced intelligence, increased birth defects, and other worse health outcomes. It also gives rise to dysfunctional, competitive clan structures that fragment and corrupt society: https://www.theamericanconservative.com/cousin-marriage-conu...

These countries will never be competitive and non-dysfunctional until they cut back on the practice.
by jasonjmcghee | 2025-06-22 15:20:05+00:00
This skips over Bag of Words / N-Gram / TF-IDF and many other things, but paints a reasonable picture of the progression.

1. https://jalammar.github.io/illustrated-word2vec/

2. https://jalammar.github.io/visualizing-neural-machine-transl...

3. https://jalammar.github.io/illustrated-transformer/

4. https://jalammar.github.io/illustrated-bert/

5. https://jalammar.github.io/illustrated-gpt2/

And from there it's mostly work on improving optimization (both at training and inference time), training techniques (many stages), data (quality and modality), and scale.

---

There's also state space models, but don't believe they've gone mainstream yet.

https://newsletter.maartengrootendorst.com/p/a-visual-guide-...

And diffusion models - but I'm struggling to find a good resource so https://ml-gsai.github.io/LLaDA-demo/

---

All this being said- many tasks are solved very well using a linear model and tfidf. And are actually interpretable.
by paxys | 2025-06-22 15:20:12+00:00
> Honestly if Notion would offer a self hosted version for companies, that would be a killer feature

Cloud hosting is the killer feature. No one wants to be in the hosting business. There are enough other things for a company to worry about.

Managing servers, deployments, zero downtime upgrades, security patches, monitoring CVEs, auth, 2FA, lost passwords, DDoS attacks, database maintenance, sharding, migration, load balancing, caching, DNS, reliability, latency, uptime, load testing, a million different dashboards, 24x7 on call... Paying $10/mo to offload all of this is a steal.
by the_af | 2025-06-22 15:20:27+00:00
> but the common opinion is that this is good, progress is good, and the solution to the ills of society is more technology, more Internet, more data and more algorithms.

This is not my position at all.

It seems to me that you need to argue extremes and strawmen in order to sustain your point of view.

I'm not arguing in favor of unchecked technology or "more of everything". That's your burden to bear, not mine.

Please do me the courtesy of actually engaging with what I'm saying, not what you believe I might be saying.
Citizens of the Internet – A Gallery of Beautiful Personal Websites
by b3nhatch | 2025-06-22 15:20:29+00:00
Introducing Citizens of the Internet, a personal website design inspiration gallery that curates creative and expertly crafted personal sites from across the internet.

There's never been a better time to build a personal brand.

A unique, strategic or content-rich personal site helps you stand out, organize your projects, drive growth and convey your story to the world.

Citizens is a small but growing gallery. I've got 57 site features on there currently, and 4 personal site templates.

I am excited to continue building this and turning it into the go-to destination for personal website inspiration, templates and resources.

Link: https://www.citizensoftheinter.net/
by Zambyte | 2025-06-22 15:22:31+00:00
> The Acked-By and mailing list discussion link examples don't seem to be good examples. Both of these are likely already known when the commit is made.

Discussion regarding a commit (is: review) and acknowledgment of a commit cannot happen before the commit has been made.

> One use case I think might be a better example is to add a git note to a commit that has later been reverted.

Commit messages are better for this use case. When you got blame a file, it shows the latest changes for that file. If a commit reverts changes from another commit, the newer commit that reverts the older commit will show up in the blame.
by VikingCoder | 2025-06-22 15:23:00+00:00
"The U.N. nuclear watchdog says there's 'no increase in off-site radiation levels' after US strikes on Iran nuclear sites"

https://www.yahoo.com/news/u-n-nuclear-watchdog-says-0510491...

That's the whole article.

If we blow up a place filled with enriched uranium, shouldn't there be an obvious spike in off-site radiation levels, as the uranium settles to the ground?

Meaning, isn't this damning evidence that there was no enriched uranium?
by HEmanZ | 2025-06-22 15:23:23+00:00
It might be splitting hair, but I do agree that if a new regime gained power that was tightly aligned with some world super power, and got some kind of serious protectorate status, then they could be totally fine without nukes.

The current regime is not safe without them. You can’t honestly believe they are unless you are totally ignorant of the history and state of the region. So the current regime will keep trying until they succeed or are replaced.
by remram | 2025-06-22 15:24:05+00:00
In practice I get a lot of value out of referencing commit hashes. If I fix a problem I introduced in a previous commit (for example, commit bumped version, and I forgot to bump it somewhere), my fix will say "amends ab12cd34".

That way when I need to cherry-pick that commit, or do something similar (bump again), I can search for the hash of the commit I'm looking at to find what might be missing.

UI is worse than git-notes but no need for additional setup to sync them.
by dreghgh | 2025-06-22 15:24:20+00:00
I think austin-cheney's point is largely right. Iran has fought a series of proxy wars against Saudi, ever since the Islamic Revolution.

The Iran-Iraq war was the first one, with Iraq funded and supported by the Gulf states.

Supporting Hamas and Hezbollah is strategic in this context. The Saudi regime wants rapprochement with Israel and to remain aligned with US interests. But neither of these are remotely popular in the Saudi population. By funding guerrilla warfare against Israel, Iran and to a lesser extent Qatar, keeps the Sauds discredited and unpopular among at home and in other Arab countries. The same applies to Egypt, another regional rival of Iran, whose government have never been off the defensive with the Egyptian people and wider Arab opinion since normalisation with Israel.

Obviously Hamas and Hezbollah themselves are only interested in fighting Israel and not the wider regional conflicts. But Iran itself uses that conflict, quite cynically, for wider geopolitical goals. Its stance is the reason that, from Afghanistan to Turkey to Tunisia, it can always find allies who want to challenge the Gulf states vision for the Middle East. Iran supplies the weapons and the know how, but there's never a shortage of locals to drive the car bombs.

There is an interpretation of Iran's behaviour which sees it as a source of Muslim pride for standing up to imperialism, and suggests in contrast that the Saudi leaders are too decadent, too corrupt, and bring shame by ignoring injustice and exploitation done to Arabs. I would certainly question this, but it's not an unpopular discourse in Saudi and other Arab countries.

If you have never come across the idea of the conflicts in Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Yemen and Palestine etc being part of a long game of proxy war and influence between Iran and Saudi, I would question how broad your sources of analysis are.
by golol | 2025-06-22 15:24:33+00:00
The thing is it doesn't help. Yes of course the horrible situation of the palestinians promotes extremism, but you still have to face that there is a lot of extremism. What was Israel to do before October 7 (besides making sure Oct 7 could not happen)? Of course there are ppints where history could have gone in a better direction but I really don't see an easy way for Israel to achieve a better situation. Say they had withdraw from the west bank in 2018 for some reason. Who says that Oct 7 would still not have happened on a much greater scale? In fact I find it quite likely that it would. And then you might be looking at 3000 dead Israelis instead. The only rational reason for the Oct 7 attacks I can see is that Hamas wants to incite as much violence as possible to put as much political pressure as possible on Israel due to the inevitable retaliation. So Oct 7 would have made even more sense, as the deoccupation of the west bank is far from the total of their political goals.