MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by rollcat | 2025-06-10 15:56:59+00:00
There will be interest in running a stable and sensible version of macOS on Intel Macs as long as there any Intel Macs left around.

People still use PPC Macs to do work: <https://lowendmac.com/2025/skeuomorphic-icons-a-photoshop-pr...>.

People still write new software for System 6: <https://jcs.org/system6c>, <https://amendhub.com/jcs>.

Those are all hobby projects for 20-30yro machines, few of which are left around. There are millions of Intel Macs in excellent shape. Someone will carry the mantle.
by nneonneo | 2025-06-10 15:57:02+00:00
The clever thing here is that Denuvo is only used to protect certain functions, not the entire game. The functions it protects should be functions that run infrequently, but contain enough critical game logic that they can’t just be replaced wholesale by a cracker. I believe the game developer themselves chooses what functions to protect. If they protect too much (or protect the wrong functions) performance can suffer, whereas if they don’t protect enough, the crackers’ job is too easy.
by saratogacx | 2025-06-10 15:57:35+00:00
Not quite that reductive. More of, I thought about what would be the exact page/article that, if it exists, would get me started, and used the description of that as a prompt to the LLM "Learning X for people that know Y". This is especially useful because X is now curated to what you're actually working on and Y is curated to what you already know.
by igouy | 2025-06-10 15:57:45+00:00
> you can easily destroy the tools necessary to back out changes to your tools

Of course, you did make backup copies of the original image file and original sources file and original change log file.

Of course, you can restore your changes from your modified change log file, but not restore the changes that broke your IDE.

https://drcuis.github.io/TheCuisBook/The-Change-Log.html
by dev1ycan | 2025-06-10 15:58:12+00:00
Transluscency has always been a beautiful effect I don't care what brainwashed "UI/UX"designers post ~2013 think, they are literally conditioned to just repeat mantras.

The original reason for dropping transluscency was that "old people can't tell apart things", well we're way past the era of "no phone" generations, are we forever going to have things stay ugly?

Vista was the best looking OS ever with Aero on.
by rietta | 2025-06-10 15:58:24+00:00
I am writing my member of Congress right now.

---

I'm writing to express my urgent concern regarding the negative impact of the 2022 Section 174 tax code changes on small businesses like mine. As owner of Rietta, Inc., a small cybersecurity firm, I still do much of the technical work. My wife and I have three young children under 6. My family and I have been directly negatively impacted by these changes from the 2017 act.

Previously, the tax code helped us afford open-source and experimental work that benefited customers. For example, modernizing applications to run on Docker improved testing and deployment. Our State government clients now benefit, but this was once experimental. Now we're largely back to just work-for-hire consulting, treated as cost of goods sold. I don't have the cash to pay for experimental software development only to then amortize it over five years. If I have $100k revenue and spend $100k, the current code allows only a $20k deduction. I owe taxes on the other $80k despite no cash or documented asset value. Experimental software doesn't work like that in this field.

I started this business 26 years ago. We provide important long-term custom programming and update work for private sector and State government clients ("STATE A" and "STATE B" judicial branches). Often, we work with code we didn't originally write.

As a professional computer scientist and business owner, I rely on my CPA for tax compliance. If I've erred in my example, that's on me. But I can tell you this amortization requirement particularly cripples small businesses like Rietta, Inc., where cash flow is critical, severely limiting the quality of services I can afford to provide. I support undoing this tax change.
by fmajid | 2025-06-10 15:58:28+00:00
And Bertrand Russell in his contemporaneous "History of Western Philosophy" (1946), which goes into more details on the historical context with Sparta.

Plato was basically a disgruntled aristocrat who despised Athenian democracy that led to his social class losing absolute power. Socrates was executed for being a nexus of Spartan collaborationism (the "misleading the youth" was a thinly veiled work-around around the amnesty that was granted as part of the peace settlement with Sparta). "The Republic" advocates for full-on fascism beyond the wildest imagination of Mussolini, Hitler or Stalin.

For a more accessible critic, there is I.F. Stone's "The Trial of Socrates".
by 3cats-in-a-coat | 2025-06-10 15:58:40+00:00
I noticed this too. I scroll the page, and instead of focusing on the page, the navigation bar on the bottom is rapidly bending light through the refractions screaming "LOOK AT ME, WTF!".

This is literally opposite day for UX at Apple. Look at the chrome, not the content. Look at the background, not the foreground. What. The hell. Is going on.
by thecrash | 2025-06-10 15:58:43+00:00
It's weird that you won't come out and say what you think is "going on" though. I've given the explanation that the vast majority of people waving Mexican flags in LA would give: they are expressing that they're proud to be Mexican, or of Mexican heritage, and are sick of being treated like they're less than other people because of that heritage.

What is your explanation? I suspect that it's something along the lines of: "people waving foreign flags are signaling their intention to invade the US", but that you don't want to say it overtly because it's obviously a racist talking point from right-wing media.
by NoMoreNicksLeft | 2025-06-10 15:58:44+00:00
>If you pay someone to make a chair, you don’t deduct the salary.

If they make the chair. What if they only draw up blueprints for a chair that isn't manufactured? What if the chair is never manufactured, or won't be manufactured for two years? Until the software is licensed and installed at a customer site, how is this at all like making a chair?
by aaronbaugher | 2025-06-10 15:58:46+00:00
No, the US does not have a database of citizens or a national ID. There's been long-standing resistance to such a thing, as part of the general American distrust of centralized government and what a tyrannical government could do with that information. That resistance has even been bipartisan, coming more from the left or right depending on who is in power. So there's no quick database check.

However, in practice, if you're a citizen, it's pretty easy to prove it. You'll be carrying forms of state-issued ID and you'll have a paper trail that makes it obvious. There's rarely much ambiguity over whether a particular person is here legally or illegally, as much as some might like to pretend there is.
by eweise | 2025-06-10 15:58:49+00:00
Innervisions is hardly a forgotten record. To claim its better than Dark Side of the Moon is totally subjective and I would argue that its not. Dark Side works as an album while Innervisions feels like a collection of songs. Also, "Visions" as the second song, just sucks the energy out of a listen. They should have tacked that tune onto the end.
by Eikon | 2025-06-10 15:58:51+00:00
> The purpose of temporal sharding is to allow log operators to reclaim storage space used for expired certificates

But you lose historical auditability that way, for arguably very little space reclaimed. I'd say it's not worth it if you can have an implementation that "just works.".

We are not talking about petabytes of data, the total number of certificates logged is around 18B, that's somewhere around 50TB using CompactLog, which fits on ... two hard drives these days? In the real world, that'd be way less for a single log as not every log holds every issued certificate.
by pkulak | 2025-06-10 15:58:53+00:00
> This is basic materials science and the reason why EVs need tougher tires.

Exactly. Tires are formulated to the load they are designed to carry. It's why semis don't have to make a pit stop every 2 miles for new tires.

But, like I said, brake dust is _far_ worse, and nearly eliminated with EVs:

https://electrek.co/2025/05/27/another-way-electric-cars-cle...

> I dont get why we're comparing F150s to the Model Y.

Because one is the most popular gas car, the other the most popular EV. Removing an engine and adding batteries increases weight, sure, but that doesn't have anything to do with the average weight that's on the road. You have to tax things based on what's actually out there, not what _would_ be out there if you took the existing fleet and turned them EV. Batteries are expensive, so there's incentive not to use so much and make the car smaller and more efficient instead. That doesn't happen with gas cars.

> A long range model Y weighs about a little bit less, but the difference is less than 100 lb.

Yeah, I know. That's all I was saying. You said the average EV weighed more. In fact, it's less.

It is more stark than that, though. The most popular F150 in 2025 is the Lariat SuperCrew, which has a 5300 lb curb weight. The model Y has a curb weight of 4400 pounds.

The next most popular gas car is some Chevy pickup. The next more popular EV is the Model 3.
by renewiltord | 2025-06-10 15:58:56+00:00
The real truth is “masks work and our current reuse recommendations were made in peacetime so we waste them causing us to not have enough if everyone were to buy them”. On this very site people were saying you “can’t wear an N95 mask without training”.

The fact of the matter is that such dishonesty makes one untrustworthy. It was clear that everyone landed in political lines here. The right answer is to not lie. “You can’t handle the truth” is nice in a movie but we’re in real life and if you say that to me you shouldn’t be surprised if the next time you say something I think that you’re lying again.
Heroku login down for 7 hours
by buf | 2025-06-10 15:59:33+00:00
This, I think, is finally the last straw for me.

I've already moved my databases off heroku long ago, tried many various PaaS (render, fly) and tools (kamal) for VMs on places like DO and Hetzner. All my newer apps are running this way with lots of learning curves.

I just can't fathom an enterprise business being down this long.

Rest in peace, Heroku. You were great once.
by johnwheeler | 2025-06-10 15:59:40+00:00
Sometimes I wish they would put in the README just a brief description of which part of the stack they're responsible for and how they used it.

I see that it uses some type of WebAssembly technology and some CAD/CAM API that gets translated over. I also see they integrated with Three.js,

but what I would like to know is how much of the whole "thing" are they responsible for?

Are they responsible for all that code that draws the viewport and lets the user pan around? Are they responsible for that Microsoft Office ribbon UI? Are they responsible for the internationalization? What parts did they do? When I look at this, it's so sophisticated it just makes me feel think about the widening divide as far as AI skill gap goes. Was AI used?

Now they don't owe me that, of course, and that's nothing on them, kudos to them! It's a brilliant project.
JavelinGuard: Low-Cost Transformer Architectures for LLM Security
by sharathr | 2025-06-10 15:59:42+00:00
We present JavelinGuard, a suite of low-cost, high-performance model architectures designed for detecting malicious intent in Large Language Model (LLM) interactions, optimized specifically for production deployment.

Recent advances in transformer architectures, including compact BERT(Devlin et al. 2019) variants (e.g., ModernBERT (Warner et al. 2024)), allow us to build highly accurate classifiers with as few as approximately 400M parameters that achieve rapid inference speeds even on standard CPU hardware. We systematically explore five progressively sophisticated transformer-based architectures: Sharanga (baseline transformer classifier), Mahendra (enhanced attention-weighted pooling with deeper heads), Vaishnava and Ashwina (hybrid neural ensemble architectures), and Raudra (an advanced multi-task framework with specialized loss functions).

Our models are rigorously benchmarked across nine diverse adversarial datasets, including popular sets like the NotInject series, BIPIA, Garak, ImprovedLLM, ToxicChat, WildGuard, and our newly introduced JavelinBench, specifically crafted to test generalization on challenging borderline and hard-negative cases.

Additionally, we compare our architectures against leading open-source guardrail models as well as large decoder-only LLMs such as gpt-4o, demonstrating superior cost-performance trade-offs in terms of accuracy, and latency. Our findings reveal that while Raudra's multi-task design offers the most robust performance overall, each architecture presents unique trade-offs in speed, interpretability, and resource requirements, guiding practitioners in selecting the optimal balance of complexity and efficiency for real-world LLM security applications.
by mikem170 | 2025-06-10 15:59:53+00:00
The word "conversate" is in the dictionary [1], labelled as "non-standard". That doesn't mean it's not a word. Most people would be able to easily infer its meaning.

English is a living language, words come and go.

I don't understand the objection.

[1] https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/conversate
by Luker88 | 2025-06-10 15:59:55+00:00
It's not about 'range', and like you said enum and sum types are tied concepts in other languages, and yes I was talking about sum types.

Even without sum types, there is a common pattern of defining a new type and const-defining the possible values that is a clear workaround on the lack of an 'enum' keyword.

Maybe because the compiler can't be sure that those const values are all the possible values of the type, we can't have things like enforcing exhaustive switches on this "enum", and that is left to the linter at best.

Default-zero initialization is always valid too, which can leave you with an "enum" value that is not present in the const definitions (not everything starts on iota, iota does not mean 0).

It's a hack, it became a pattern. It still is not a proper (or even basic) enum even without sum types.
by motorest | 2025-06-10 16:00:29+00:00
> To me, it's every day more apparent that democracies are transitioning into mediocracies. Everything is performative, real results do not matter.

I think the whole point of these stupid stunts is to mobilize the base and distract critics. Your random redneck racist might feel strongly about the Hollywood caricature of Mexicans wearing sombreros at a Home Depot parking lot, but the truth of the matter is that Trump is mobilizing the US armed forces against a governor's will while threatening him with imprisonment.
by mindslight | 2025-06-10 16:00:40+00:00
What alternative do you see to the current events? The only one I see is remaining quiet and tacitly supporting fascism.

This guy is not going to stop on his own. He's attuned to operating in a business context where there is some other singular entity who might back down when the damage from the chaos gets too high (or he backs down when the pain is too high for him, like with tariffs). But in a society based on individual liberty, backing down is not on the table until the whole society has been subjugated.

Longer term, if we actually manage to get through this to meaningful elections, one would hope that the abject failure of Trumpism would make enough of the electorate wary of more "strong" man fascists promising easy answers. This should have happened after his first term, but Trump's main skill is deflecting blame and Covid was one heck of an excuse.

And as far as underlying issues driving polarization and disconnect from reality, those are going to be there regardless of my statements.
by Sohcahtoa82 | 2025-06-10 16:01:01+00:00
If I'm writing FOSS and someone asked me that, I'd just reply with ¯\_(ツ)_/¯

I'm not making money from it, so trying to convince some random individual to use it is a waste of my time. Sure, I'll describe the features in the README and possibly include comparisons to other software, but I won't go out of my way to convince a specific rando just because they asked.
by hn_throwaway_99 | 2025-06-10 16:01:11+00:00
> Virtually every blog post that makes it to the front page is full of shit.

While I agree many posts are full of shit, I think it's important not to throw the baby out with the bathwater. There are tons of HN posts that I find incredibly insightful and informative. The ones I like usually fall into 2 categories:

1. They are a detailed description of something the author actually did, and show a really cool solution or implementation of something. They don't always have to be jaw-droppingly amazing (though some are), but they just have to show that the blog post is the outcome of the work, not the other way around.

2. The author has been thinking about a problem for a while and brings a clear, informative, well-argued insight to the problem space. E.g. this post, https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37509507, is one of my favorites that helped me understand phenomena I was definitely aware of but hadn't yet tied together.

For me, this "folksy wisdom porn" is a cheap, bad, superficial version of #2 (FWIW, I think what you describe as "a novice who just discovered a minor technical detail that is superficially new information" is the cheap, bad, superficial version of #1). It has the veneer of some sort of deep insight, but when you actually get to the details and try to understand it, it either just doesn't make sense or is essentially word salad.
by Syntaf | 2025-06-10 16:01:23+00:00
Many of the trees planted here can handle the harsh climate of Las Vegas summers and infrequent watering [1], not even mentioning that we recycle nearly 40% of our water and are amongst one of (if not the most) water efficient cities in the world [2].

If you can't tell I'm a bit of a proud Las Vegas local having grown up here, so there's bias in my words.

[1] https://knpr.org/norms-favorite-desert-trees [2] https://lvgea.org/water/
by chubot | 2025-06-10 16:02:04+00:00
YSH addresses the "string safety" problem:

What is YSH? https://oils.pub/ysh.html

I am writing a quoting module now, but the key point is that it's a powerful enough language to do so. It is more like Python or JS; you don't have to resort to sed to parse and quote strings.

I posted the quote-argv solution above -- in YSH it will likely be:

var argv = :| ls 'arg with space' | # like bash argv=() ssh example.com $[quote.sh(argv)]

But you can write such a function NOW if you like

---

quote.sh follows the (subtle) idiom of replacing a single quote ' with

'\''

which means it works on systems with remote POSIX sh, not just YSH !

e.g. "isn't" in POSIX shell is quoted as

'isn'\''t'

which is these three word parts:

'isn' \' 't'

YSH also has:

- JSON, which can correctly round trip every Unicode string, without writing your own parsing functions

- JSON8, an optional extension that can round trip every byte string you get from the Unix kernel

https://oils.pub/release/latest/doc/j8-notation.html
by devmor | 2025-06-10 16:02:07+00:00
To some degree this is true, but it's cost-benefit analysis rather than being uncrackable. Denuvo is so invasive that software exploits aren't worth the effort (or risk on behalf of the user), and physical exploits are sold instead.

For example, physical FPS exploits include devices that sit in the HDMI/DP chain with a USB output and emulate a keyboard and mouse.
by virgilp | 2025-06-10 16:02:35+00:00
Those examples are pretty bad, though.

The guard deters thieves by mere presence - just like how an apparently-locked door, even if unlocked, deters more thieves than a wide-open door.

The example doctor provides psychological support and real advice when things are _obviously_ wrong. Those are things that are way more useful than a rock (also, in real cases, patients do return after 2 weeks).

(the futurist provides no value whatsoever, here we do agree :P)

But I feel the entire underlying message is questionable. "Pretty good heuristics" are honestly pretty good! Sometimes (oftentimes, even) it's all you need, and it's much better than doing the extensive research. You should only do the extensive research for the "volcano" scenario, where the consequences are dire - otherwise, you're probably wasting time)
by doctorpangloss | 2025-06-10 16:02:51+00:00
Game developers have Denuvo as an anti-piracy option. This is your choice for single player PC games.

There’s also multiplayer as anti piracy. It is impracticable to spoof unseen, complex server code forever.

Environment Integrity is the most flexible. That means you can’t pirate because you can’t sideload code that doesn’t belong to you, and that a remote license check cannot be spoofed. The environment also has to provide enough incremental value in updates that most people will keep auto-update on. Although, of course, Apple could force updates.

To me, the problem is how to avoid this conversation altogether. The kind of person who has the personality defect that makes him post rants about DRM doesn’t listen long enough to figure out “validity” in games.

Like imagine when people invoke that word, “valid.” This is what DRM is about to audiences, not technology. Video games are aesthetic experiences, you don’t have to play them to survive, to me it is valid to consider anything related to the game, like its DRM or the development team or whatever, as fair game for “valid.” But.

If you don’t think Denuvo is valid, you don’t think “AAA single player games on PC” is valid. And maybe that’s okay, maybe you can only go to iOS or the Switch or PS5 (Environment Integrity DRM) for AAA single player. There are no indie developers on consoles, so suddenly, you are also saying, “the only place for single player that costs money to make for self published is iOS.”

This is why I personally find the crusade against Denuvo so ironic: the people who could take the biggest creative risks and reap the most reward, including the right to keep making whatever it is they want, benefit the most from Denuvo.
by briangriffinfan | 2025-06-10 16:02:56+00:00
> Just as it does when humans write drivel by hand.

I see this a lot in AI discussions - it can, at best, do what we do at a level we'd consider "good enough." It can write mediocre slop just as well as the most mediocre of us. To me, that is lowering the bar for our work exceptionally. We shoot for the stars; we just miss sometimes!