MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by zacwest | 2025-06-08 02:28:28+00:00
You then use `restic` telling it to use rclone like...

restic ... --option=rclone.program="ssh -i <identity> user@host" --repo=rclone:

which has it use the rclone backend over ssh.

I've been doing this on rsync.net since at least February; works great!
by peter422 | 2025-06-08 02:28:39+00:00
Just to provide a contrast to some of the negative comments…

As a very experienced engineer who uses LLMs sporadically* and not in any systematic way, I really appreciated seeing how you use them in production in a real project. I don’t know why people are being negative, you just mentioned your project in details where it was appropriate to talk about the structure of it. Doesn’t strike me as gratuitous self promotion at all.

Your post is giving me motivation to empower the LLMs a little bit more in my workflows.

*: They absolutely don’t get the keys to my projects but I have had great success with having them complete specific tasks.
by 0x69420 | 2025-06-08 02:28:55+00:00
i remember looking through these during a deep dive on type selection -- naturally radon, krypton, and arguably xenon come across as a bit gimmicky, argon has stiff competition in its genre as it's the rough style of most “modern” monospace faces, but neon is actually kind of spicy. this is the closest to the “mona” in “monaspace”, being similarly derived from helvetica and its ilk, and sits at just that right level of regularity that it's easy on the eyes after a long day in a way that i previously thought was only the purview of sf mono.

if argon tickles your fancy, you might also be interested in fragment mono (https://github.com/weiweihuanghuang/fragment-mono) a similar free software “helvetica mono”.

the tragedy of both argon and fragment mono, though, is that the latter comes in one width, and the former inexplicably supports obscenely wide proportions without letting you condense it down from the bog-standard 1x2ish. most condensed options out there are these pill-shaped straight-walled monstrosities that blur together (the iosevkas and pragmatas of the world), with a few notable exceptions (the old osdn releases of mplus).

i wonder what would happen if you went in and extrapolated the width scaling for monaspace backwards into super narrow range.
by pakyr | 2025-06-08 02:29:28+00:00
> Ask yourself: Could this website have been written anytime in the last 8 years?

No? It was authorized by the IRA, which was only passed in 2022.

> Given where we are now, the stat I gave, and that only a small number of people are mourning something important speak to my point?

I mean, I wouldn't expect regular users to mourn anything until tax season rolls around next year and people find the tool is missing; even still, I actually have seen a lot of people mad about this, not that it matters. And I still think 16% growth after months of reporting about it getting shut down isn't bad.
by LAC-Tech | 2025-06-08 02:30:08+00:00
unless you have to do anything that relies on a C API (such as provided by an OS) with no concept of ownership, then it's a massive task to get that working well with idiomatic rust. You need big glue layers to really make it work.

Rust is a general purpose language that can do systems programming. Zig is a systems programming language.

(Safety Coomers please don't downvote)
by tobinfekkes | 2025-06-08 02:30:24+00:00
I run the opposite direction whenever I see a passkey pop-up. I do a lot of IT support for small businesses, non-profits, and old people, and more concerning to me is the way passkeys are presented. Or, more accurately, not presented.

They say "this will be really helpful" and present it as 1) a benefit to the user, and 2) there's no other option, or opt out. There's barely any mention of a passkey, nor any education about what is going to happen when they hit "continue", and who will be responsible when it goes wrong (and that the service won't help them get their account access back).

It's scary how prevalent this has become, how quickly it happened, and how bad of an idea it is.
by diwank | 2025-06-08 02:32:11+00:00
For sure. Another interesting trick I found to be surprisingly effective is to ask Claude Code to “Look around the codebase, and if something is confusing, or weird/counterintuitive — drop a AIDEV-QUESTION: … comment so I can document that bit of code and/or improve it”. We found some really gnarly things that had been forgotten in the codebase.
Ask HN: Best practices for building front ends with AI assistance?
by sukit | 2025-06-08 02:33:42+00:00
Hi HN,

I'm a backend developer who recently started building full-stack apps, mostly using Next.js + shadcn-ui. Given how capable AI coding tools have become lately, I've been relying on them to help me bridge the gap in my frontend skills.

For the most part, this has been working great — especially when I can just compose existing shadcn-ui components. I describe the layout and functionality I want, and AI helps me glue things together.

However, I'm running into trouble when:

The components don’t look quite the way I want and need customization;

The component I need doesn’t exist in the library;

I need to fine-tune the CSS/styling;

In those cases, things get a lot harder. I'm not very fluent with CSS or frontend design systems, and sometimes AI-generated code doesn't fully match what I had in mind. Then I end up spending too much time debugging styles or trying to explain better what I want — often unsuccessfully.

So now I’m wondering:

Is this a signal that I need to invest more time into deeply learning frontend development (especially styling and layout)?

Or am I just not collaborating with AI in the right way — e.g., are my prompts poorly written, or am I missing some tools or techniques that make this process smoother?
by JumpCrisscross | 2025-06-08 02:36:43+00:00
“Energy” is a colloquially ambiguous term. The better terms are available energy (exergy) and entropy.

The Earth radiates away almost exactly as much energy as it receives. It has to. Otherwise it would boil. Our biosphere, however, extracts a lot of available energy from that system. That results in the Sun shining low-entropy energy on the Earth, and the Earth radiating high-entropy radiation away.

Put another way, a universe that is homogenous at 10 million degrees has plenty of energy. But it has zero useful energy because you have no entropy gradient.
by ldoughty | 2025-06-08 02:37:28+00:00
Not positive, but I think our product added toasts to comply with ADA/VPAT requirements on confirming the user got a second page of data in the table that are viewing and clicked "next" for. I think it had to do with having both audio and visual acknowledgement of the action.

Otherwise, we would have to physically page or add dialogues people would have to click to close, just to see page 2 of table data
by 9d | 2025-06-08 02:38:25+00:00
I remember marquees! Wasn't it \<m> or something?

Man I wish I could find the first HTML book I ever read. Must have read it in 1994 or something. It used "Mosaic" browser, which looked nothing like the IE3 or IE4 that I had. Wow, this brings back so many memories.

If anyone can ever find that book on Amazon, please let me know! I've been looking for years.
by rafram | 2025-06-08 02:39:18+00:00
In 2022, the NYC Subway budgeted about $0.75 per passenger-mile (and that was during Covid, when ridership was very low) [1]. You’re really overestimating how much public transit costs to run. Private vehicles are an extremely inefficient way to move people around, hence the cost of Uber/Lyft/taxis.

[1]: https://data.transportation.gov/Public-Transit/2022-2023-NTD...
by FridayoLeary | 2025-06-08 02:40:55+00:00
I'm honestly not sure what the balance is, but there is a point where one bad accident is worth less then many speeding tickets. It's obvious when you think about it- otherwise the speed limit would be 20 mph everywhere.

I'm really not sure where and how you draw the line but i do think we should err on the side of less surveillance. That's the predominant view on hn.
by thayne | 2025-06-08 02:42:55+00:00
Suppose amount of money an employer is willing to pay for an employee is $100,000. For the employer, if there is a $20,000 payroll tax, then the employer would only pay the employee $80,000 to keep the total cost at $100,000. If the employee pays the tax, then the employer will pay the employee $100,000, then the employee pays $20,000 and has $80,000 after taxes. Either way the employer pays $100,000 and the employee gets $80,000. It doesn't matter which party is paying the government $20,000*.

Now, there are other tax schemes that aren't based on how much an employee is paid, but that is a completely different matter.

And FWIW sales/vat tax is somewhat similar. It doesn't matter if the buyer or the seller pays the tax, either has the same effect on the total amount paid.
by nodesocket | 2025-06-08 02:44:12+00:00
I run a Kubernetes 4x pi cluster and an Intel N150 mini PC both managed with Portainer in my homelab. The following open source ops tools have been a game changer. All tools below run in containers.

- kubetail: Kubernetes log viewer for the entire cluster. Deployments, pods, statefulsets. Installed via Helm chart. Really awesome.

- Dozzle: Docker container log viewing for the N150 mini pc which just runs docker not Kubernetes. Portainer manual install.

- UptimeKuma: Monitor and alerting for all servers, http/https endpoints, and even PostgreSQL. Portainer manual install.

- Beszel: Monitoring of server cpu, memory, disk, network and docker containers. Can be installed into Kubernetes via helm chart. Also installed manually via Portainer on the N150 mini pc.

- Semaphore UI: UI for running ansible playbooks. Support for scheduling as well. Portainer manual install.
by spankibalt | 2025-06-08 02:45:14+00:00
Ah, the horseshoe! One of the toolbag essentials of any self-respecting "critical thinker", crank, centrist, or "heterodox" illuminary. :D

Already bizarre when invoking the Soviets of all people, who were socially, outside of some avantgardists which were only tolerated as long as they were considered useful or irrelevant, extremely conservative.

But then again, to many a conservative, a leftist or progressive of any kind, is "a commie", and the difference between social democrats, different breeds of socialists, or communists for that matter, is already as lost on them as code is to a cat. Shit, according to recent trends, Hitler was akshually a leftist anyway. ;)

The same goes for contextualizing political violence; it's all the same, everywhere, all at once.
by lll-o-lll | 2025-06-08 02:47:56+00:00
You can still create modules in zig, just use the standard handle pattern as you might in c/c++. I think that many of us have worked in “large company”, and the issue you describe is not resolved with the “private” keyword. You need to make your “component/module” with a well defined boundary (normally dll/library), a “public interface” and the internals not visible as symbols.

That doesn’t save you in languages that support reflection, but it will with zig. Inside a module, all private does is declare intent.

In languages with code inheritance, I think inheritance across module boundaries is now widely viewed as the anti-pattern that it is.
by throwaway69123 | 2025-06-08 02:48:29+00:00
enjoy the snap reaction brain drain as entrepreneurs move their efforts offshore, people are being disingenuous by saying its as simple as deciding to nationalise a company everyone said would fail and who china and Europe are desperately trying to emulate, all over retaliatory statements, be careful what sort of government behaviour you normalise because you happen to be on the winning side of that behaviour, seasons change
by ehnto | 2025-06-08 02:48:39+00:00
> and NixOS is unusable offline if you do not host a cache (so that is pretty bad).

I think a cache or other repository backup system is important for any software using package managers.

Relying on hundreds if not thousands of individuals to keep their part of the dependency tree available and working is one of the wildest parts of modern software developmemt to me. For end use software I much prefer a discrete package, all dependencies bundled. That's what sits on the hard-drive in practice either way.
by dinkumthinkum | 2025-06-08 02:49:47+00:00
I think Musk has pluses and minuses. I think he does have some mental issues volatile and lash out and make poor decisions even if I do agree with some things and disagree with others. To be honest, he is someone that staked his reputation on completely verifiably and provably lying about the legitimacy of his ranking in a video game and at a time with all eyes on him besmirched a large streamer he previously has thought of partnering with on X as best by “bad at video games.” It’s just terrible judgment. I’m surprised the “normie” didn’t focus on kind of pathetic it looked to lie about videos games and instead they made wild accusations comparing him to the bad people from 30s.
by ryan-duve | 2025-06-08 02:50:35+00:00
I wonder if the author would have thought Pandas feels less clunky if they knew about `.eval`?

import pandas as pd purchases = pd.read_csv("purchases.csv") ( purchases.loc[ lambda x: x["amount"] < 10 * x.groupby("country")["amount"].transform("median") ] .eval("total=amount-discount") .groupby("country")["total"] .sum() )
Show HN: Live software archaeology of FOL (theory of reasoning)
by namin | 2025-06-08 02:52:56+00:00
I want to share this live playground for FOL, an old system from the late 70s. It has many precursor ideas about reasoning at the meta-level, including the now common proof by reflection which turns proving in the object theory into evaluation in the meta theory, and is common in Rocq, Lean, and other proof assistants.
by shadowgovt | 2025-06-08 02:53:24+00:00
Actually, from the quoted study, you do mean race. "In a recent study, published in Lancet Digital Health, NIH-funded researchers found that AI models could accurately predict self-reported race in several different types of radiographic images—a task not possible for human experts. These findings suggest that race information could be unknowingly incorporated into image analysis models, which could potentially exacerbate racial disparities in the medical setting."

That's why they're trying to understand how the model is flawed: race isn't biologically real, so there isn't a correlator that the system can pick up on. They are therefore looking for explanations like Google's AI that hid hints to itself using steganography in its training data (https://hackaday.com/2019/01/03/cheating-ai-caught-hiding-da...).
by ehnto | 2025-06-08 02:54:27+00:00
When my rental was damaged by a neighbouring house fire, we were kicked out of the house the next day. This was a contingency I hadn't planned well for.

I have long thought that I need my homelab/tools to have hardcases and a low power, modularity to them. Now I am certain of it. Not that I need first world technology hosting in emergency situations, but I am now staying with family for at least a few weeks, maybe months, and it would be amazing to just plonk a few hardcases down and be back in business.
by owenversteeg | 2025-06-08 02:55:02+00:00
I didn't see anyone go into detail here, so I figured I'd explain:

The traditional reason was that a taller chimney will contain a taller column of hot air which will generate more draft, which is handy for the design of the furnace. Why will a taller column of hot air generate more draft, why does height matter and not volume? Well, because draft is determined by the difference in atmospheric pressure at the bottom of the chimney. Atmospheric pressure is the weight of the column of air above the ground - 1 cm2 from the ground to space is about 1kg - but warmer air, being less dense, will weigh less; air is 1.18 kg/m3 at STP and 0.95 kg/m3 at 100C. So, a tall column of hot air will weigh significantly less, meaning the bottom of the chimney will have substantially lower pressure, and thus cause substantial draft.

This is less common these days, with modern systems that have mechanically induced draft. Tall chimneys are still built, though - why? Well, for pollution dispersal. Pollutant limits are rarely absolute; they are typically measured per m3 of air or soil or water. If you can disperse the same pollutant over a wider area, your factory can release the same amount of pollutant and still meet regulatory standards. Higher smokestacks are very effective at dispersing pollutants over a wide area because average windspeed significantly increases with altitude. That, itself, is another fascinating effect, and is how soaring birds fly: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_gradient

And now a fun aside. Many years ago I designed and built my own woodstove from scratch, welded up out of scrap steel. It was a pretty good, modern design but it only worked half the time. Why? Lack of draft!
by 9d | 2025-06-08 02:56:20+00:00
I have not cared about fonts for years.

Then I made a toy font in pico8 just to see how small I could get it.

It eventually evolved into a 3x4 font[1] named crt34.

When playing with Shiki for the docs website, I found Fira Code.

Now I'm using Fira Code in all my code samples and in VS Code.

I'm surprised by how very quickly I got used to Fira Code.

In under a day I was at a point where I forgot I had it enabled.

And I really do love how it renders => and -> and !== and === etc.

[1] https://os.90s.dev/#sys/apps/fontmaker.app.js@sys/data/crt34...
by dinkumthinkum | 2025-06-08 02:57:49+00:00
This is also a left smear. Many conservatives have expressed dissatisfaction with this bill that is the focus of all this. It’s not true what you are saying. It’s not true that those that voted for him agree and justify everything. Regardless of what you may think of Covid response, many conservatives expressed disagreement with him on that as well.

It is not as if supporters will deny all but a clear video tape of such an incident. There is no evidence this is true and there is plenty of reason to think it does not exist. The fact that Trump turned on Epstein while he was alive and Epstein’s attorney tried to find ways to smear Trump because of his involvement with the prosecution stands at odds with Musk’s claim that many here are granting prima facie.
by kelnos | 2025-06-08 02:58:34+00:00
If a website interaction has to lead me to a phone call in order to get something useful done, that website has completely failed.

Ideally I never want to have to pick up my phone at all. Customer support is an exception to that, but only as a last resort: if it gets to the point that I have to call a business, something has gone very very wrong.
by xpltr7 | 2025-06-08 02:59:09+00:00
They are turning the U.S. into a surveillance state but its psychologically darker than this article has stated. The immigration issue is a ruse to stir up the U.S. citizens to accept more surveillance per the political "anger" of "get the foreign invaders out of here" type people. This has to be propagated on the news in order to persuade public opinion to bring in the digital identities and digital monetary system with implanted chips that work in unison based on body movements to mine their cryptocurrency. Check Microsofts'...ie Bill Gates 20200666 patent for exactely that. Trump, at a rally has said he will implement the biometric entry/exit visa tracking system, for land, sea & air.

The goals of all these nations working together come directely from the World Economic Forum. Klaus Shwab-ass has said the governments will be stakeholders in the giant tech companies. The tech companies have peoples data that governments want but dont have "user-friendly" welcome into peoples data as the deceptive tech companies do. Thats why you've seen Elon Musk, Larry Ellison, Sam Altman and Trump together in photos recentely planning the technocracy transition. Trump also making plans with Palantir which already targets civilians in Gaza for air strikes.

So, what "they" want is total U.S. surveillance on all citizens not just foreigners. Drones will fly and identify "enemies of the nation" based on the U.S. governments twisted interpretations of whats right or wrong. They want to completely control and enslave you to an AI false god that will determine what you can buy, when you can go outside, where you can or cant go, what you can or cant do. A digital slave system. An outside prison but a "Smart City" in their words.
by ofalkaed | 2025-06-08 02:59:40+00:00
Our prejudices tend to be hard earned, life beats them into us and that makes it difficult to acknowledge that the other side is somewhat correct even if they are wrong in most every way. Extremists have bits of truth in their views; their failing is that they use those bits of truth to validate their extremism, the fault of the rest is in using extremism to invalidate those bits of truth.
by jcrawfordor | 2025-06-08 02:59:42+00:00
the constant-current drivers in LED lighting are a very different concept from constant-current lighting circuits, which are a ~1920s technology rarely seen today. constant-current lighting circuits can be miles long, operate at up to 1kV or so, and require some type of cut-out/bypass feature at each individual light so that a failure of a single bulb does not take the entire circuit out. The problems that constant-current lighting circuits address (maximizing the life of incandescent bulbs) are all solved in different, more robust ways in modern lighting systems. Most significantly, the carbon-disc cutouts that were the direct cause of the street lighting failures are no longer used (even in legacy constant-current lighting systems, where they have been replaced with more modern devices).
by mkl | 2025-06-08 03:02:05+00:00
No, the data (as described in So's thesis) was mathematical expressions extracted from TeX source code, so the surrounding text and email addresses etc. were ignored. Skimming through by eye I can't see @ in any of So's tables, and searching for the hex Unicode value the tables list for every other character yields no hits: @ is not in the tables.

∋ is there anomalously frequently, and @ is missing, so something seems to have gone wrong, probably at multiple stages in the pipeline.
by dleeftink | 2025-06-08 03:02:43+00:00
A related report from way back, that counts expressions instead of symbols[0]. The counting procedure used in OP's referenced table might benefit from first extracting expressions, and then counting individual symbol frequencies.

[0]: Watt, S. M. A Preliminary Report on the Set of Symbols Occurring in Engineering Mathematics Texts. In Proceedings of MICA 2008: Milestones in Computer Algebra 2008.
by cruffle_duffle | 2025-06-08 03:03:48+00:00
I echo your comments about advanced voice mode. It’s like a completely different, less “intelligent” model than the text mode ones. It’s like it has an incredibly short context window or something and really does a lousy job following your prompt.

As with all things LLM… everybody’s experience will be different. I’m sure there are plenty of people who manage to make it work.
by HappMacDonald | 2025-06-08 03:06:06+00:00
To me a "miles deep" landfill sounds like a wonderful way to contaminate groundwater.

I think it's facile to imagine that the Earth is large, thus that burying something can "make it go away".

But the Earth is also an incredibly dynamic place over long enough time scales (which for the purposes of this discussion can simply mean decades or centuries) so much of the lightweight matter you bury deep in dense rock can find a way to buoy back top the surface far sooner than in millions of years.
by cyberax | 2025-06-08 03:06:42+00:00
Polyethylene is roughly CH2, and burns into CO2 and H20. So 1.5 moles of oxygen (O2) for each mole of polyethylene. The molar mass of CH2 is 14 and oxygen is 32, so 1 kg of CH2 will result in ~4.5kg of CO2.