MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by Robelius | 2025-06-25 04:09:14+00:00
When designing hardware, you usually define what the expected operating environments are. Some typical environmental considerations are the min/max temperature, debris ingress, shock & vibration. If you know your product is going to operate in an area where material is likely to enter the product, then you can either try to keep that material out (sealing the product up), or make sure that dust entering the product won't cause failures (i.e. electrical shorts won't happen on a board by covering exposed areas with glue or making sure a mechanism can crush/clear particles). It's not necessarily more complexity in the product to navigate these constrains, but it is another thing to consider in the design.

For example, if you're making a phone that is going to be sold around the world, then you're going to worry about arctic/equator temps (will some of your components melt or ICs fail), salty sea air (will the product begin to corrode for people living by a beach), or fast moving elevators (will the speakers pop from a sudden change in pressure).

You can check out this manufacturers robot arms as some examples of existing products. They list some data sheets for their robot arms, including some arms that are IPxx rated. I don't think looking at robot arms is a 1to1 comparison for what you could expect from a humanoid robot since the considerations in the design process are going to be different.

website is kuka dot com/en-at/products/robotics-systems/industrial-robots/kr-agilus
Show HN: A Post-Trust Vulnerability Disclosure Platform
by g1raffe | 2025-06-25 04:11:14+00:00
I’m 18. We’re building aud1t because vulnerability disclosure still runs on trust and email. That’s broken. aud1t is a centralized platform with zero-trust principles. You control your keys. Submissions are end-to-end encrypted, cryptographically signed, and tamper-evident. No assumptions. Just proof. Manifesto: https://blog.aud1t.xyz/manifesto Twitter: @Goofygiraffe06
by tim-- | 2025-06-25 04:11:54+00:00
Why can't I trust winget?

It's not hard to run the `show` command to see what a winget install will do. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/package-manager/wi...

It's easy enough to view the manifests (eg, https://github.com/microsoft/winget-pkgs/blob/2ecf2187ea0bf1...) and arguably, is better then the protection for MITM that you would get using naked cURL & Bash, simply because there are file hashes for all of the installer files provided by a third party.

> They are saying curl is strictly better, not that it is impenetrable

Right. But it arguably is not strictly better.

> You can't trust winget

Again, this is not backed up by anything. I have trust in winget. I can trust that the manifest has at least been vetted by a human, and that the application that will be installed should be the one that I requested. I can not trust that this will happen with curl | bash. If the application that is installed is not the one that I requested, there is tooling a process to sort out why that did not happen, and a way to flag it so that it doesn't happen to other users. I don't have this with curl | bash.
by k310 | 2025-06-25 04:14:27+00:00
Micropayments never went anywhere, so how about this? Part of the exorbitant highwayman fees collected by ISP's could buy credits for content creators. A bazillion risky online payments is the problem, not the solution. Breaches are a matter of when, not if.

Paywalls incresse the digital divide. Lies and hate will always be free. Democracy Dies Behind Paywalls.

Graphic (imgbb)

https://i.ibb.co/d663L0X/waoi.jpg
by kcplate | 2025-06-25 04:14:35+00:00
Gotcha. So your perspective is there are other entities making airplanes with the capabilities of the B-2 and a bunker buster bomb equivalent to the GBU-57 so much so that you can reliably determine capabilities of those weapon systems…as a layman with just a hand calculator?

That is a $2B aircraft and a $20M ordinance (each). You want to tell us exactly what entity has anything even remotely equivalent? No one else but the US could bear to afford it. Maybe China…but if they have it’s not common knowledge.

I think you have pretty much dug yourself a hole here on your knowledge and capabilities…you have landed into silliness now. (That pun was definitely intended)
by theden | 2025-06-25 04:15:41+00:00
In the HTML there's a cool comment

<!-- Hello this is Theo. Yes I know how to do web design. --> <!-- You have found my secret message. --> <!-- It is a coin emoticon picture. --> <!-- ______________ __,.,---''''' '''''---..._ ,-' '`-. | ONE | | THNICKEL , |'-.._ __,,- | ''`---.....______________.....---'' | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | '-.._ __,,-` ''`---.....______________.....---'' -->
by grogenaut | 2025-06-25 04:16:46+00:00
having been screwed by multiple peridocials when I wanted to cancel I'm very suspect on signing up again. and when I did It was such a pain to stay logged in. Archive.is is easier. If they fixed that and allowed simple cancellation I'd actually consider it.

and as others have said I don't need to be contacted by you. The amount of unasked for marketing emails I get is insane these days. yes I can opt out but every baseball game I go to I get enrolled without asking. Every purchase I make, that's 5 emails a weeek.
by deathanatos | 2025-06-25 04:17:23+00:00
https://github.com/thanatos/dotfiles/blob/master/shell/zsh/p...

That was my prompt when it was written in zsh. Sort of like TFA, I've since moved to Rust:

https://github.com/thanatos/dotfiles/blob/master/zsh-prompt-...

I think (if I am reading TFA's code right) unlike the article, I'm using zsh's module functionality, so the Rust here is a .so that is loaded directly into the shell's memory. (I.e., I do not have to fork/exec a separate Rust bin to compute the prompt, though I think zsh might fork-but-not-exec for computing the prompt itself.)

The latter is, of course, somewhat more complicated in some senses. (Esp. on macOS, which work forces me to use, where dlopen(2) is just utterly insane.)
by yieldcrv | 2025-06-25 04:19:13+00:00
I think people misunderstand the aggregate conservative position:

They just dont want the state to fund the cause and don’t consider it the state’s role or problem or the state as a solution to a problem that isnt wholly solved by the proposed expensive solution

People outside of that group attribute the disagreement to insanity

When in reality as soon as an economical and private sector solution is there, republicans are on board

I see a way to bridge consensus so maybe I’ll run for office eventually since this is still too abstract for most
by timewizard | 2025-06-25 04:19:24+00:00
> I think, is if there was some "inverse syndication"

Or just a clearinghouse model. I buy a "news pass" loaded with some amount of credits. When I go to a site I can choose to use these credits to read full articles. Perhaps just having the pass gives me a longer preview than non pass holders.

> grip on the music industry

It's the other way around unfortunately.
by deathanatos | 2025-06-25 04:22:03+00:00
I've done it. It was terrible. I'm glad the project ended.

There's no fixing it, though. I can know the "base tooling with zero config" … and I'm just less productive, that's all there is too it. Customized tooling makes me faster than the base tooling. (I did start trying to find "inventive" ways to try to work around the problem, of course. My case wasn't like military air-gapped or anything, just the only connection was via RDP. So for example, copy & paste is a communication channel.)
by sandspar | 2025-06-25 04:22:21+00:00
Curiously the BBC also used quotes around "won".

>In a speech to supporters, Cuomo said Mamdani - a 33-year-old democratic socialist - had "won" the primary race and that "we are going to take a look and make some decisions".

Perhaps there's a reasonable explanation. I think news agencies are using the quotes because a) it's a close race and counting will continue next week, and b) Cuomo may have been referring to the primary race but not to the general election.

From the BBC:

>In an interview with the New York Times, Cuomo said he was still examining whether he would run in the general election in November on the independent line.

>"I said he won the primary election," Cuomo told the outlet. "I said I wanted to look at the numbers and the ranked-choice voting to decide about what to do in the future, because I'm also on an independent line."

I haven't been following the race but maybe this is why the news agencies are using quotes around won. Unless any other commenters know a better reason?

https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ckg6yg7x467o
by nmaley | 2025-06-25 04:22:52+00:00
I'm in the process of actually building LLM based apps at the moment, and Martin Fowler's comments are on the money. The fact is seemingly insignificant changes to prompts can yield dramatically different outcomes, and the odd new outcomes have all these unpredictable downstream impacts. After working with deterministic systems most of my career it requires a different mindset.

It's also a huge barrier to adoption by mainstream businesses, which are used to working to unambiguous business rules. If it's tricky for us developers it's even more frustrating to end users. Very often they end up just saying, f* it, this is too hard.

I also use LLM's to write code and for that they are a huge productivity boon. Just remember to test! But I'm noticing that use of LLM's in mainstream business applications lags the hype quite a bit. They are touted as panaceas, but like any IT technology they are tricky to implement. People always underestimate the effort necessary to get a real return, even with deterministic apps. With indeterministic apps it's an even bigger problem.
by PaulDavisThe1st | 2025-06-25 04:23:22+00:00
Yes, and in fact the entire purpose of a progressive marginal tax system is that "everyone feels the pain of taxation" equally. It recognizes that a fixed percentage, even with a threshold, feels very different if you earn poverty-level wages than if you earn 10000 times that.

And that's what our tax system is designed around.

Corporations, and specifically their status (or otherwise) as "persons" complicates the picture quite a bit.
by bichiliad | 2025-06-25 04:23:22+00:00
Relatedly: - The padding in fights is much lighter than in practice or sparring. The added weight is good for conditioning, blunts sharp impacts, and slows down your speed. - If you spar anyone, you're expected to have at _least_ 14oz gloves. If your gym says otherwise, don't spar there (and arguably, don't train anywhere that doesn't take safety seriously). - Luis Resto, a boxer, was jailed for swapping the padding in his gloves with plaster. He ended the career and permanently damaged the eyesight of his opponent, Billy Collins Jr.
by theamk | 2025-06-25 04:26:36+00:00
so, how does one get to be a "content creator" and how much money to the pay?

If it's going to be per-view, who is going to be fighting ad^H^H view fraud, and what would be their incentive to do so?

If this this going to be fixed amount per content creator, why won't every random person sign up to be one?
by TheDong | 2025-06-25 04:26:53+00:00
You have to accept Apple's licensing agreement as part of downloading XCode to run this tool (which relies on XCode's SDKs etc).

Quoting from the license agreement:

> You may not use the Apple Software, Apple Certificates, or any Services provided hereunder for any purpose not expressly permitted by this Agreement, including any applicable Attachments and Schedules. You agree not to install, use or run the Apple SDKs on any non-Apple-branded computer, and not to install, use or run iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, watchOS, and Provisioning Profiles on or in connection with devices other than Apple-branded products, or to enable others to do so.

Both xtool itself, and anyone who uses it, is violating this license agreement, and apple has shown itself in the past to be a real ass about this sort of thing.

I think this can fly under the radar as long as no one uses it, but as soon as people actually start using this tool in any significant amount, I wouldn't be surprised if apple comes for it.
by deathanatos | 2025-06-25 04:27:15+00:00
I haven't worked with them in quite some time. (That's changing, so uh … looking forward to my next AWS outage?) This was more to show regional vs. global than any specific cloud provider. AWS is skating by here on account of not being sampled¹.

If I go waaaaay back (like mid 2010s), we did have an S3 outage. It was regional, even!

> GCP has AZ in the same physical complex.

I can't say if that's correct or not; GCP says,

> Zones should be considered a single failure domain within a region. To deploy fault-tolerant applications with high availability and help protect against unexpected failures, deploy your applications across multiple zones in a region.

That's an AZ, to me. (Or, alternatively & synonymously, a failure domain.)

¹IME over my career, though, AWS is fairly stable. GCP is too. AWS has its foibles, though. When last I worked with RDS (circa 2019), there were bugs.
by AnotherGoodName | 2025-06-25 04:27:47+00:00
The best thing happening right now are the grid scale batteries. They make the companies that build them rich through better arbitration of power prices at the same time they vastly lower power prices for everyone.

No more peaks of power costing ridiculous amounts (and troughs of negative power prices).

You can be anti green for all it matters on this one. The batteries are massively profitable. They are coming on mass everywhere and there’s no stopping them.

https://comptroller.texas.gov/economy/fiscal-notes/infrastru...
by rramadass | 2025-06-25 04:30:09+00:00
These are all part of Buddhist "Mind Training" practices. They placed great emphasis on Seeing your own true nature, Letting go of self-grasping, Developing Compassion for everything in the Universe etc. A framework for such a practice can be seen in the Ashtanga Yoga of Patanjali which was influenced by Buddhist practices. Focus/Discipline towards the above goals was everything and hence any practice which would distract the mind from these goals were let go. Note that the article itself states "he believed them to be a 'cause for negligence'" [from true practice towards the above goals].

A good approach can be found in the Lojong (literally "mind training") practices of Tibetan Buddhism which are worth studying - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lojong

See also the book Essential Mind Training translated by Thupten Jinpa for a selection of texts with introduction and commentaries.
Ask HN: How do you keep your SWE skills sharp outside of work?
by myanonymousacct | 2025-06-25 04:34:02+00:00
For context I am employed as a SWE and I find my job generally enjoyable but I also feel like I’m not learning any new skills and maybe falling behind the industry. I’m not in a position to look for a new job at the moment but I want to do a little something each day to stay sharp.

What is currently worth focusing on for general longevity in this field?
by muppetman | 2025-06-25 04:34:31+00:00
The "pick your model" thing is so stupid.

"How dumb do you want your AI to be?"

"Why do I have to select?"

"Because smart costs money"

"So... I can have dumb AI but it's cheaper?"

"Yes"

"How would the average person know which to pick?"

"Oh you can't know."

I hope they can invent an AI that knows which AI model my question should target cheaply.
by josephg | 2025-06-25 04:35:25+00:00
You’re both right. Some problems should be solved with better user education. And some should be solved with better UX. It’s not always clear which is which. It’s too simple to blame everything on user error, and it’s too simple to blame everything on the software.

Cell phones are full of examples. So much of this stuff is obvious now we’ve been using them for awhile, but it wasn’t obvious when they were new. “My call dropped because I went in a tunnel” is user error. “My call cut out randomly and I had to call back” is a bug. And “my call cut out because my phone battery ran out” is somewhere in the middle.

For chatbots, lots of people don’t know the rules yet. And we haven’t figured out good conventions. It’s not obvious that you can’t just continue a long conversation forever. Or that you have to (white consciously) pick which model you use if you want the best results. When my sister first tried ChatGPT, she asked it for YouTube video recommendations that would help when teaching a class. But none of the video links worked - they were all legitimate looking hallucinations.

We need better UX around this stuff. But also, people do just need to learn how to use chatbots properly. Eventually everyone learns that calls will probably drop when you go into a tunnel. It’s not one or the other. It’s both.
by bigiain | 2025-06-25 04:36:00+00:00
The calendar event scheduling problem is hard too.

If I'm in Sydney and I accept a 4pm meeting in 3 weeks time, say 4pm July 15 2025 in San Francisco, how should my calendar store that event's datetime and how does my calendar react to my phone changing locations/timezones?

And now try and work that out if the standard/summertime changeover happens between when the event is created in one timezone and the actual time the event (is supposed to) occur. Possibly two daylight savings time changes if Sydney goes from winter to summer time and San Francisco goes from summer to winter time - and those changeovers don't happen at the same time, perhaps not even the same week.
by nightfly | 2025-06-25 04:38:08+00:00
Until Dec 24th of last year this groups was called "Robert Crumb Fans" and had lots of organic content. Facebook has no good way to report that this group was sold or otherwise transformed from it's original purpose into an ad mill with laundered membership. Facebook reports on the group are ignored, and emails to abuse@fb.com ignored.

Hoping somebody with some pull can actually get this looked at by a real human and hopefully shut the group down.
by ProllyInfamous | 2025-06-25 04:39:52+00:00
Texas needs more (any?) pumped-storage hydro (a non-chemical, gravity-fed battery) to store all this renewable energy.

TVA (similar in size to ERCOT, mostly within Tennessee) is about to begin its second such facility, after Raccoon Mountain [0]. Run-of-the-river facilities exist (including two in TVA's jurisdiction), which are capable of pumping water "up" the dam (for later use during peak loads) — perhaps LCRA might explore the feasibility of this?

Regardless of how the energy is stored, it might also (eventually) make sense to join Eastern/Western interconnects (and thereby "store" the energy outside of Texas). But I know ego/"Texus"/pride mentality exists (having grown up in Austin), so I won't hold my breath on accepting Federal regulations...

[0] wikipedia.org/wiki/Raccoon_Mountain_Pumped-Storage_Plant
by BrandiATMuhkuh | 2025-06-25 04:40:15+00:00
I think that must be it. The system prompt is likely it.

Just yesterday was I talking to a customer who was so happy with our "co-pilot" compared to ChatGPT and others that he wants to roll it out to the rest of the company.

We use Azure-OpenAI + RAG + system prompt targeted at architects (AEC). It really seems the system prompt makes all/most of the difference. Because now, users will always get answers targeted towards their profession/industry.
by bigiain | 2025-06-25 04:40:19+00:00
I avoid running "daily" cron jobs or other scheduled tasks around 2am for that reason, they might not get run or them might get run twice.

Where practical I schedule them around 12:00 (but I'm sure one day I'll get stung but some odd country who chooses to implement their daylight savings changeover in the middle of the day).
by bamboozled | 2025-06-25 04:40:41+00:00
It's still a fairly controlled environment with splash guards, liquid based dusts suppression and or dust collection, even then my friend has a factory and the CNC is a reliable machine but things screw up.

If the dust collection was disabled, the workshop and the machine would be caked in debris.

It doesn't move, it doesn't fall over or have anything falling on top of it either (like a robot could).
by freddie_mercury | 2025-06-25 04:43:53+00:00
My understanding was that the companies aren't getting rich because competition has saturated the market and revenues from energy arbitrage have plummeted in 2025 because everyone needs to discharge during the same limited window.

"Vermillion said, adding that most battery operators in Texas earn the bulk of their revenue during a handful of extreme weather days, so “there might be 15 days over the year that matter for capturing revenue.”

https://www.ess-news.com/2025/05/15/is-texas-battery-landsca...
by gamblor956 | 2025-06-25 04:45:14+00:00
It definitely is double taxation. (1st level: corporation, 2nd level: shareholders).

But the point is that the owners accept double taxation in exchange for the protections of the corporate form, like a legal liability shield, treatment of ownership interests as capital assets subject to lower tax rates on sale, deferral of taxation of shareholders' allocable shares of the business' income (as represented by dividends), etc.

A corporate tax rate is good policy. The answer to how high that tax rate should be has split families and friends for decades. Higher corporate tax rates drive substantially increased R&D spending and capital investments (and it's not even close; its easily 4x-5x the amount invested when corporate tax rates are low). This apparent paradox is quite easy to explain: when corporate tax rates are high, corporations will increase their spending on deductible categories to reduce their taxable income, and thus the tax they pay. When tax rates are low, there's little to no incentive to due that.
by krgyxe | 2025-06-25 04:45:50+00:00
Hard agree on this.

I've come to the point of using current AI tools as "search on steroids". For coding tasks, I now ask questions using more generic language, looking for references, and when the AI comes back with specific examples, I try to refine the question in terms of the example that the AI has given me. "Kinda like that, but inside of Book, I actually want to do X with the Author"

This makes it so that I have to manually translate code that the AI is showing me to my specific case, typing it out myself in my code's context. This has helped immensely with developing my familiarity with a couple of new (to me) frameworks, and with slowly adding to my overall understanding of what I'm /actually/ building.
by bee_rider | 2025-06-25 04:46:07+00:00
>> Except curl | bash definitely executes code by the author controlling the URL you put in, and if the URL is HTTPS, in a reasonably secure fashion.

> It's trivial for a remote server to hand two different versions of a script with the traditional `curl | bash` pipeline.

I’m confused by this; it seems to be written in the tone of a correction but you both seem to be saying that you get whatever the server sends. (?)
by epistasis | 2025-06-25 04:46:22+00:00
Why would pumped storage be better than the massive amounts of batteries being added right now? Batteries scale small, scale big, can be put where there's already transmission, can be put at either sides of grid congestion to lower that congestion, can regulate frequency, deliver reactive power, and be moved to new locations if the grid changes and they could be better deployed elsewhere. Literally a Swiss Army knife that can grow to whatever size is needed, and they can be thrown up in months as opposed to years.

I'm not sure if hydro could compete on price any more, either. Batteries are so cheap.
by refulgentis | 2025-06-25 04:46:44+00:00
Because it's an excuse for a psychiatrist to wank about their political hobbyhorses, not an actual work of any effort, other than cavorting in the right circles. (i.e. we see a your question can also be framed as: "why doesn't the geopolitical fantasy masquerading as a serious whitepaper try to imitate real life, like, at all?"