MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by Xelbair | 2025-05-28 08:46:57+00:00
and that differs from chrome dictating standards how?

also this could've been handled easily by committee(ugh), or a 3rd party open source organization akin to linux foundation that just makes js library that all browser vendors use. Or making just a specification for JS handling things.

you know - like a lot of other languages are handled, including their standard library.
by LightBug1 | 2025-05-28 08:46:57+00:00
https://archive.ph/rQAVF#selection-3415.8-3439.190

"The study has faced criticism over its methodology, as it only studied rape convictions in Sweden. Experts point to the fact that just a small proportion of rapes in the country are reported to the authorities. Jerzy Sarnecki, a criminologist at Stockholm University, dismissed the study as “meaningless” as it only examined figures for convicted rape. “They’ve only looked at convicted people, and they make up a fraction of all rapists,” he told Swedish broadcaster SVT."

Even ignoring the above, I can think of many reasons, statistical and otherwise for the apparent difference. Perhaps you should try using your brain matter to do the same rather than just posting random links.

I repeat: I don't see second generation citizens turning to crime or radicalisation in huge numbers.
by imtringued | 2025-05-28 08:47:03+00:00
Google does everything, both inference and training, on their TPUs.

Inference is easier, since the person deploying a model knows the architecture ahead of time and therefore can write custom code for their particular model.

When training you want to be as flexible as possible. The framework and hardware should not impose any particular architecture. This means lots of kernels and combinations of kernels. Miss one and you're out.
by persnickety | 2025-05-28 08:48:04+00:00
> An LLM scraper is operating in a hostile environment [...] because you can't particularly tell a JavaScript proof of work system from JavaScript that does other things. [..] for people who would like to exploit your scraper's CPU to do some cryptocurrency mining, or [...] want to waste as much of your CPU as possible).

That's a valid reason to serve JS-based PoW systems scares LLM operators: there's a chance the code might actually be malicious.

That's not a valid reason to serve JS-based PoW systems to human users: the entire reason those proofs work against LLMs is the threat that the code is malicious.

In other words, PoW works against LLM scrapers not because of PoW, but because they could contain malicious code. Why would you threaten your users with that?

And if you can apply the threat only to LLMs, then why don't you cut the PoW garbage start with that instead?

I know, it's because it's not so easy. So instead of wielding the Damocles sword of malware, why not standardize on some PoW algorithm that people can honestly apply without the risks?
by chasil | 2025-05-28 08:48:17+00:00
Reading a little further into the wiki, the depth of atomic matter is controlled by the neutron drip line. Since neutron stars have a maximum mass, this is likely a feature that they all exhibit.

At the beginning of the neutron drip, the pressure in the star from neutrons, electrons, and the total pressure is roughly equal. As the density of the neutron star increases, the nuclei break down, and the neutron pressure of the star becomes dominant. When the density reaches a point where nuclei touch and subsequently merge, they form a fluid of neutrons with a sprinkle of electrons and protons. This transition marks the neutron drip, where the dominant pressure in the neutron star shifts from degenerate electrons to neutrons.
by heinrich5991 | 2025-05-28 08:48:24+00:00
> I'm a bit confused. Is anyone's website currently being DDOS'd by scrapers for LLMs or is this a hypothetical?

Yes, there are sites being DDoSed by scrapers for LLMs.

> If you can't handle the traffic of one request per page per week or month, I think there are bigger problems to solve.

This isn't about one request per week or per month. There were reports from many sites that they're being hit by scrapers that request from many different IP addresses, one request each.
by lifestyleguru | 2025-05-28 08:48:48+00:00
It takes enormous concidence for bicycles to succeed to the extend they do in e.g. Dutch cities, or Copenhagen. It takes flatish land, infrastructure, mentality, achieving certain critical mass. In many places bicycle is used as a status symbol the same as a car ie. people drive their super sport carbon bicycle during days off, while during work days prefer to be stuck in traffic in their expensive car.

Walking only will never be feasible in any largish city. Metro system is an order of magnitude more complex, only low hundreds of cities globally can afford it.
by hardwaresofton | 2025-05-28 08:49:17+00:00
Fantastic work by Xe here -- not the first but this seems like the most traction I've seen on a PoW anti-scraper project (with an MIT license to boot!).

PoW anti-scraper tools are a good first step, but why don't we just jump straight to the endgame? We're drawing closer to a point where information's value is actually fully realized -- people will stop sharing knowledge for free. It doesn't have to be that way, but it does in a world where people are pressed for economic means, knowledge becomes an obvious thing to convert to capital and attempt to extract rent on.

The simple way this happens is just a login wall -- for every website. It doesn't have to be a paid login wall of course (at first), but it's a super simple way to both legally and practically protect from scrapers.

I think high quality knowledge, source code (which is basically executable knowledge), being open in general is a miracle/luxury of functioning, economically balanced societies where people feel driven (for many possible reasons) to give back, or have time to think of more than surviving.

Don't get me wrong -- the doomer angle is almost always wrong -- every year humanity is almost always better off than we were the previous year on many important metrics, but it's getting harder to see a world where we cartwheel through another technological transformation that this time could possibly impact large percentages of the working population.
by llampx | 2025-05-28 08:49:27+00:00
I recently bought an EV and love it. I barely ever touch the brakes and the wheels stay clean, unlike my old BMW where the front wheels turned gray from brake dust very quickly.

Some comments here are looking for a 100% perfect solution, which doesn't exist. Transportation is polluting. Sorry but even public transportation is polluting, even if it is more efficient when its above a certain utilization. Where I live, some buses are EV and it is a joy to ride them compared to diesel ones.

With an EV there is less local pollution, less noise pollution, more dynamic response when needed and no need for wasteful oil "changes" where the old, dirty, useless oil doesn't just magically disappear.
by vanderZwan | 2025-05-28 08:49:34+00:00
> But here’s what I think makes squares special: a square is the simplest polygon that has non-adjacent sides. In a triangle, each side is adjacent to the other two sides. But in a square, opposite sides have no points in common, which makes any connection between them feel surprising, like a coincidence. In pentagons and beyond, this still holds, but the extra sides add complexity that make them feel slightly less elegant. Nevertheless, other shapes can be interesting too, but I see them as the exception, not the rule.

I bet that you could fit the "clever bits" of writing of quite a few literary classics into more complex shapes. Especially when it's the ons that only people who really like literary classics like. Like, say, a story with five main characters who all turn out to be connected in one way like how one might create a five-pointed star with one piece of string and five push-pins, and in a completely different unrelated way like a pentagon made by the same arrangement of push-pins.
by foul | 2025-05-28 08:49:53+00:00
The fun and terrible thing about the web is that the "rockstar in temporary distress" trope can be true and can happen when you expect it the least, like, you know, when you receive a HN kiss of death.

You can surely expect that a static content will be static and will not run jpegoptim on a image at any given hit (a dynamic CMS + a sudden visit from ByteDance = your server is DDoSed), but you can't expect that any idiot/idiot hive on this planet will set up a multi-country edge caching servers architecture for a small sized website just in case some blog post will hit a few million visits every ten minutes. That can easily take down a server even for static content.

I concur that Anubis is a poor solution, and yet here we are, the UN it's using it to weather down requests.
by trklausss | 2025-05-28 08:49:56+00:00
As a driver of a diesel car: Sure thing. But driving style is what is behind this result.

With electric cars, your "engine" (motor) brakes for you. This is something that already happens in ICEs though: you can just let the car roll, don't drive in a rush etc.

However, everyone is in a rush: illegally overtaking, tailgating, honking... The conditions and social behavior on the road push for inefficiencies.
by pjc50 | 2025-05-28 08:51:01+00:00
The average UK gardening truck is something like this: https://www.ford.co.uk/vans-and-pickups/transit-chassis-cab or the ubiquitous Hilux. The "I need an unreasonably large vehicle to take my kids to school" niche is filled by Land Rover, which are still slightly smaller than the F150.

US-style pickups exist mostly because of weird tax and emissions rules which should be harmonized with cars.
by CamouflagedKiwi | 2025-05-28 08:51:24+00:00
That's not really true. The king conceptually has a lot of power - he appoints the Prime Minister (which can be anyone he wants it to be) and can effectively dissolve Parliament whenever he wants. He is also the head of the armed forces, who all swear allegiance to the King, not to Parliament or whatever.

In practice, this power exists on the understanding that the King won't actually use it, but they are powers that he does have.
by spankalee | 2025-05-28 08:52:23+00:00
For those of you working in Node and npm, npm has pretty good built-in support for monorepos now with the workspaces feature. The big missing thing is incremental builds, which I highly recommend looking at Google's Wireit project for: https://github.com/google/wireit/

Wireit is the smallest change from plain npm that gets you a real dependency graph of scripts, caching (with GitHub Actions support), incremental script running, and services.
by p_l | 2025-05-28 08:53:27+00:00
Motorola 68000 used had 16 data lines and 24 address lines, so it took at least two cycles to just transfer a CPU full word (disregarding timings on address latches etc).

Some of the code AFAIK used fancy multi-register copies to increase cycle efficiency in graphics code.

As for screen, IIRC making it easy to correlate "what's on screen" and "what's on paper" was major part of what drove Mac to be nearly synonymous with DTP for years.
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by aisofto | 2025-05-28 08:54:02+00:00
Hi HN,

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What features you’d expect in a modern AI directory

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Thanks for checking it out!
by KaiserPro | 2025-05-28 08:56:02+00:00
> can you explain the other 29 arrests that day

No because I'm trying to find where that stat comes from. Also as I've pointed out, gross offence is only one offence, the communications act also covered fraud and a whole bunch of other things that are much less contentious.

> own the rightoids"

The extremes don't care about justice, only logical fallacies and being technically correct in the eyes of their peers.
by p_l | 2025-05-28 08:56:17+00:00
It started out as 16bit enhancement to previous product, and evolved into being a 32bit architecture over development time.

The separation of Data and Address registers are also result of how it evolved over time, AFAIK, ultimately because it allowed to make the CPU cheaper/easier to make. Another element is that 68000 at least has two layers of microcode - first microcode engine generates instructions interpreted by second microcode engine which finally actually drives execution units.
by chungy | 2025-05-28 08:57:39+00:00
This is correct, the most common short-hand format in America is MM/DD/YYYY (possibly two digits in the last group). Dates like 05/28/2025 and 28/05/2025 are unambiguous enough to deal with order differences, dates like 06/03/2025 are not.

Year first and dashes is pretty much exclusively YYYY-MM-DD, no ambiguity; 2025-03-06 cannot be interpreted in any manner other than "the sixth day of the third month of the year 2025"
by nosianu | 2025-05-28 08:58:01+00:00
That reminds me of a Louis de Funès movie ("La Zizanie", film de Claude Zidi de 1978)

Air cleaning scene: https://youtu.be/lpmxrgrbKDc (French)

(He was responsible for first poisoning the air by burning tires, so that he could demonstrate his machine to the potential Japanese investors)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Zizanie_(film)

This Audi proposal is somewhat similar in my mind. They want to profit from both parts, providing both the problem and the solution. I'm not against it per se.
by like_any_other | 2025-05-28 08:58:57+00:00
> making it legal to reverse-engineer, jailbreak, and modify American products and services

It's amazing that merely learning about how items that we own work (so-called "reverse-engineering") and exercising control over them (jailbreaking - this time the term is apt) has been made illegal. A heinous overreach by corporations into the lives of people that own their products, and a ridiculous expansion of IP rights - as if patents weren't enough, they want to treat as trade secrets products with mass-market availability.
by p_l | 2025-05-28 08:58:58+00:00
Alto had its entire display control in microcode, IIRC.

Out of similar tricks, Symbolics 3600 (at least first model) had major portions of disk driver implemented as one of the tasks in microcode (yes, the microcode was a multi-tasking system with preemption). Don't know how much of MFM wrangling was going there, but ultimately it meant that reading and writing a page from/to disk was done by means of single high level instruction
by szszrk | 2025-05-28 08:59:04+00:00
I guess there is consensus that powershell is good. Unix people may still find in cumbersome. For windows-primary people maybe it came too late? For a longer while it wasn't even integral part of Windows.

But honestly often when I talk to people they don't know the basics of cmd.exe, even if they worked with it for years. Like... surprised that it has pipes :) And apparently it's been there since DOS 2.0 (early 1980's).
by vanderZwan | 2025-05-28 08:59:35+00:00
I've read that music and dancing memory is mainly handled in the cerebellum, which is separate from many other types of memory. This is also theorized to mostly explain why playing familiar music can help "stabilize" people with dementia who otherwise feel lost (funny enough also something Sacks has talked about[0]), because the cerebellum is typically less affected than the neocortex by whatever process is causing the brain to break down.

[0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8HLEr-zP3fc
by Sinosteelpipe | 2025-05-28 08:59:44+00:00
In the global industrial system, steel pipes, as "industrial blood vessels", undertake core functions such as transmission, support, and protection. Carbon steel pipes, stainless steel pipes and alloy steel pipes have formed completely different performance maps due to differences in composition and process. In the fields of automobile manufacturing, energy and chemical industry, aerospace, etc., the three have shown their strengths: carbon steel is the king for its cost-effectiveness, stainless steel is based on its corrosion resistance, and alloy steel breaks the deadlock with high strength. This article will take materials science as the anchor and combine the latest industry trends in 2025 to systematically analyze the performance boundaries and application logic of Class III steel pipes.
by PennRobotics | 2025-05-28 09:00:35+00:00
I just tried on a microcontroller target.

Some instructions cause a ghidra.pcode.exec.PcodeExecutionException but can be manually skipped.

I can get to the same stopping points as a commercial simulator, but nothing is displayed in the Stack window in the Ghidra debugger and single stepping ignoring side effects (mostly for cpsie/cpsid/isb/dsb/msr/mrs op codes) takes 10 or 15 seconds for each skipped instruction. Watches on complex variable types (ListItem_t *) are clearly displayed wrong (value { 38 }) and I'd prefer watches to disappear when they're not in scope. I must be doing something wrong because I can step through the machine code but would prefer to step through each C++ line without using line-by-line breakpoints, and I don't know if that exists or how to set it up.

Right now, it's easier for me to use a commercial debugger/simulator; it shows the call history, variables are displayed properly once I import their structure, browsing SRAM is fast/intuitive, MCU peripheral registers are displayed/changed on a single screen with a few clicks or keystrokes (even after importing the SVD into Ghidra), op codes don't need to be skipped (so the processor handles the stack, privilege states, and core/system registers correctly).

Also, the default debugger windows in Ghidra are bonkers. The entire left side shows meaningless data. The right side has tabs for windows I'd like to see simultaneously (memory and decompilation). I'd also rather have multiple child windows for different memory ranges, since FreeRTOS and application variables are interspersed in the code but separated in RAM. The bottom panel is useless for me except for Stack (which is empty) and Watches. On a laptop, the whole UI is cramped. It's easy to change this, but I'd rather just have a useful workflow as an opinionated default.

When I can export what I've manually decompiled to DWARF, I'm more comfortable in a commercial Arm debugger than in gdb or anything that looks/feels like an Eclipse IDE debugger.

There's a lot of potential. That is obvious. I do wonder if I'm missing something; if changing the emulator/backend or the right tool setting will unlock nirvana. I also feel like I'm dropping the ball by not opening issues, but I'm sure there are plenty of Ghidra users trying to analyze Arm Cortex who have the same stumbling blocks as me but perhaps more free time.
by spankalee | 2025-05-28 09:00:40+00:00
I love monorepos, but in large organizations they have a counter-intuitive incentive for teams to _not_ allow other teams to depend on them, which can _reduce_ code reuse - the opposite of what some adopters want.

This issue is that users of a library can put almost infinite friction on the library. If the library team wants to make a change, they have to update all the use sites, but Hyrum's Law will get you because users will do the damndest things.

So for the top organization, it's good if many other teams can utilize a great team's battle-tested library, but for the library team it's just liability (unless making common code is their job). In a place like Google you either end up with internal copies and forks, strict access control lists, or libraries that are slow as molasses to change.
by skissane | 2025-05-28 09:00:52+00:00
> ISO 8601 does have some strange formats...

Not that I’ve ever really had cause to use it in anger, but I like the idea of ISO week dates.

Effectively, the ISO weak year (often differs from the calendar year in the last week of December / first week of January), ISO week number and day of week form a leap week calendar - instead of having 365 days in a common year and 366 in a leap year, it has 364 days in a common year and 371 in a leap week year, with leap weeks (obviously) being less frequent than leap days.

The Sym454 calendar [0] takes this idea further to create a perpetual calendar, with 12 months of 4 or 5 weeks; in leap years the 12th month is 5 weeks instead of 4 weeks long. However, the leap week rule proposed by Sym454 is different from that proposed by ISO 8601; the author of Sym454 argues his proposed rule has theoretical advantages (simple calculation and more uniform distribution of leap weeks). That said, there is a variant of Sym454 which uses the ISO 8601 leap week rule.

[0] https://kalendis.free.nf/symmetry.htm?i=1
by aziaziazi | 2025-05-28 09:00:55+00:00
There was a study [0] in Paris that demonstrates a signifiant positive benefit/risk ration of bicycling even in polluted air: the effect on physical and psychic health benefits largely outweighs (sometimes to x30) the risk of accidents and pollution disease.

[0] (2012, french) https://www.ors-idf.org/nos-travaux/publications/les-benefic...
by whinvik | 2025-05-28 09:01:53+00:00
> In particular, the companies purchase financial information from a data broker before offering a nurse a shift; if the nurse is carrying a lot of credit-card debt, especially if some of that is delinquent, the amount offered is reduced. "Because, the more desperate you are, the less you'll accept to come into work and do that grunt work of caring for the sick, the elderly, and the dying."

I think this should be made illegal.

But I also think judging from how bad people are at making laws, what we will get is something that will make it worse for everyone.
by captainmuon | 2025-05-28 09:03:49+00:00
As somebody who does some scraping / crawling for legitimate uses, I'm really unhappy with this development. I understand people have valid cases why they don't want their content scraped. Maybe they want to sell it - I can understand that, although I don't like it. Maybe they are opposed to it for fundamental reasons. I for one would like my content to be spread maximally. I want my arguments to be incorporated into AIs, so I can reach more people. But of course that is just me when I'd write certain content, others have different goals.

It gets annoying when you have the right to scrape something - either because the owner of the data gave you the OK or because it is openly licensed. But then the webmaster can't be bothered to relax the rate limiter for you, and nobody can give you a nice API. Now people are putting their Open Educational Resources, their open source software, even their freaking essays about openness that they want the world to read behind Anubis. It makes me shake my head.

I understand perfectly it is annoying when badly written bots hammer your site. But maybe then HTTP and those bots are the problem. Maybe we should make it easier for site owners to push their content somewhere where we can scrape it easier?