MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by aftbit | 2025-05-23 15:26:57+00:00
CREATE TABLE public.audit ( id uuid NOT NULL, created_time timestamp without time zone DEFAULT now() NOT NULL, schema_name text NOT NULL, table_name text NOT NULL, record_id uuid NOT NULL, user_name text, action text NOT NULL, old_data jsonb, new_data jsonb ); CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION audit_if_modified_func() RETURNS TRIGGER AS $body$ DECLARE v_old_data JSONB; v_new_data JSONB; BEGIN IF (TG_OP = 'UPDATE') THEN v_old_data := to_jsonb(OLD.*); v_new_data := to_jsonb(NEW.*); IF (TG_TABLE_NAME::TEXT = 'users') THEN v_old_data = v_old_data - 'last_login_time'; v_new_data = v_new_data - 'last_login_time'; END IF; IF (v_old_data <> v_new_data) THEN INSERT INTO audit (id,record_id,schema_name,table_name,user_name,action,old_data,new_data) VALUES (uuid_generate_v4(), NEW.id, TG_TABLE_SCHEMA::TEXT, TG_TABLE_NAME::TEXT, session_user::TEXT, substring(TG_OP,1,1), v_old_data, v_new_data); END IF; RETURN NEW; ELSIF (TG_OP = 'DELETE') THEN v_old_data := to_jsonb(OLD.*); INSERT INTO audit (id, record_id,schema_name,table_name,user_name,action,old_data) VALUES (uuid_generate_v4(), OLD.id, TG_TABLE_SCHEMA::TEXT,TG_TABLE_NAME::TEXT,session_user::TEXT,substring(TG_OP,1,1),v_old_data); RETURN OLD; ELSIF (TG_OP = 'INSERT') THEN v_new_data := to_jsonb(NEW.*); INSERT INTO audit (id, record_id,schema_name,table_name,user_name,action,new_data) VALUES (uuid_generate_v4(), NEW.id, TG_TABLE_SCHEMA::TEXT,TG_TABLE_NAME::TEXT,session_user::TEXT,substring(TG_OP,1,1),v_new_data); RETURN NEW; ELSE RAISE WARNING '[AUDIT_IF_MODIFIED_FUNC] - Other action occurred: % at %',TG_OP,now(); RETURN NULL; END IF; EXCEPTION WHEN data_exception THEN RAISE WARNING '[AUDIT_IF_MODIFIED_FUNC] - UDF ERROR [DATA EXCEPTION] - SQLSTATE: % SQLERRM: %',SQLSTATE,SQLERRM; RETURN NULL; WHEN unique_violation THEN RAISE WARNING '[AUDIT_IF_MODIFIED_FUNC] - UDF ERROR [UNIQUE] - SQLSTATE: % SQLERRM: %',SQLSTATE,SQLERRM; RETURN NULL; WHEN OTHERS THEN RAISE WARNING '[AUDIT_IF_MODIFIED_FUNC] - UDF ERROR [OTHER] - SQLSTATE: % SQLERRM: %',SQLSTATE,SQLERRM; RETURN NULL; END; $body$ LANGUAGE plpgsql SECURITY DEFINER; CREATE TRIGGER audit_logger_accounts AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON accounts FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE audit_if_modified_func(); CREATE TRIGGER audit_logger_users AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON users FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE audit_if_modified_func();
by gdulli | 2025-05-23 15:27:07+00:00
You're right, I am unfocused. What would be ideal for me is something in the Python/data/backend world in a fun subject area. But that's pretty narrow and another part of me wants to see many options so as to possibly surface something outside my comfort zone or something I'd never have thought of. I'm just looking for something non-traditional to do next and maybe it's unrealistic that some perfect idea will jump out at me.
by alexey-salmin | 2025-05-23 15:27:10+00:00
Each of these games is low-dimensional and require not the "intelligence" but more like "reflexes", I tend to agree.

However making a system that can beat an unknown game does require generalization. If not real a intelligence (whatever that means) but at the level of say "a wolf".

Whether it can arise from RL alone is not certain, but it's there somewhere.
by Joker_vD | 2025-05-23 15:27:10+00:00
> So if value was used as signed integer, that's a sign-preserving /2

Only if you define your integer division as rounding towards minus infinity which almost none of the languages do (they usually round towards zero). See e.g. [0] for the additional instructions needed to correct the result.

Now, I personally think this is a mistake and my PLs always round integers down instead of towards zero, but others may disagree.

[0] https://godbolt.org/z/1z7eYPT48
by handsclean | 2025-05-23 15:28:06+00:00
I’ve noticed this too. An important quirk to note is they can’t really judge the strength of the logical connection, they just judge the strength of the thing connected, even weakly, to. So, for example, if the LLM makes a pretty solid and correct case that saying X will result in “potentially harmful” content, you can often Trump it with an unhinged rant about how not saying X deeply offends you and every righteous person and also kills babies.
by zackmorris | 2025-05-23 15:28:12+00:00
I was at UIUC from 1995-99 for ECE and studied Computer Organization and Design 2nd edition by Patterson and Hennessy:

https://openlibrary.org/books/OL670149M/Computer_Organizatio...

It mainly covered MIPS but most of the concepts were about as minimal as possible. As in, it would be hard to beat the amount of computation per number of pipeline stages.

Back then, 4 stages was considered pretty ideal for branch prediction, since misses weren't too expensive. I believe the PowerPC had 4 pipeline stages, but Pentium got up to 20-30 and went to (IMHO) somewhat pathological lengths to make that work, with too much microcode, branch prediction logic and cache.

Unfortunately that trend continued and most chips today are so overengineered that they'd be almost unrecognizable to 90s designers. The downside of that being that per-thread performance is only maybe 3 times higher today than 30 years ago, but transistor counts have gone from ~1 million to ~100 billion, so CPUs are about 100,000 times or 5 orders of magnitude less performant than might be expected by Moore's law at a 100x speed increase per decade. Bus speeds went from say 33-66 MHz to 2-4 GHz which is great, but memory was widely considered far underpowered back then. It could have ramped up faster but that wasn't a priority for business software, so gaming and video cards had to lead the way like usual.

I always dreamed of making an under $1000 MIPS CPU with perhaps 256-1024 cores running at 1 GHz with local memories and automatic caching using content-addressable hash trees or something similar instead of associativity. That way it could run distributed on the web. A computer like this could scale to millions or billions of cores effortlessly and be programmed with ordinary languages like Erlang/Go or GNU Octave/MATLAB instead of needing proprietary/esoteric languages like OpenCL, CUDA, shaders, etc. More like MIMD and transputers, but those routes were abandoned decades ago.

Basically any kid could build an AI by modeling a neuron with the power of ENIAC and running it at scale with a simple genetic algorithm to evolve the neural network topology. I wanted to win the internet lottery and do that, but the Dot Bomb, wealth inequality, politics, etc conspired to put us on this alternate timeline where it feels like the Enterprise C just flew out of a temporal anomaly. And instead of battling Klingons, groupthink has us battling the Borg.
by toast0 | 2025-05-23 15:28:36+00:00
> They can just plug in their ethernet cables like normal, except they'd also have the option to switch to something better in the long run.

I don't think many will exercise that option, and it adds complexity and costs that most people won't need. It would be useful for some, so it would make sense to make some boards with sfp+ rather than an integrated transceiver, but not as the default.

If you want 10G sfp+, Intel x520 cards are cheap on ebay.
by cryptonector | 2025-05-23 15:30:08+00:00
> The number of interviewees (I do the sys design question) who want to jump straight into massively distributed eventually consistent complicated systems for 5 reads/second is too damn high. 1,000,000 users is not a lot.

Not only can you get quite far w/ PG and w/o sharding, but if you run out of write bandwidth you might be able to (depending on what your schema looks like) shard your PGs. For example, suppose you have a ride sharing type app: you might have one DB per market with only user and driver data for that market, then have the apps go to the user's home market for authentication, and to the local market for rides (similarly if a driver ends up driving someone to a different market, you can add them there temporarily).
by rhgraysonii | 2025-05-23 15:30:17+00:00
You also could use an advisory exact lock, which would serialize the order of input and force everyone to wait in line, but the advantage here is that we are allowed shared concurrent reads while maintaining our lock. Thank you for the feedback. It was fun to revisit after 10 years. The initial piece came after a Columbus, OH Ruby meetup that Jose attended. It was quite fun to see him put it together as a whole and I ran with things a bit further than his first ideas with this.
by glimshe | 2025-05-23 15:30:43+00:00
> If creator is transparent about it, I would appreciate it, but as someone said once I’d prefer to just see the prompt since that is the extent of creative input.

I recently went to a small conference focused on AI art. What you said is simply not true for the best AI "infused" works. Many AI art creators use tools that allow you to combine different inputs, including their own "handmade" art, which are later processed by a pipeline that also include AI and require manual selection of intermediate results. There's a lot of manual work and artistic expression involved, and the average person wouldn't be able to replicate the results through a simple prompt.

While it is true that most people enter a low-effort prompt and call the output "art", better artists are going well beyond that. This is why I think it's just a more powerful version of "standard CGI" (image processing and 3D rendering).
by Braxton1980 | 2025-05-23 15:31:19+00:00
> Either way, at the point you’re talking of socially ostracizing a majority of the US population since Trump won the popular vote too.

75~ million vs 300 million. Don't confuse population with voters.

>That’s why there is a secret ballot. There cant be retribution unless you advertise your vote.

By the government and this shouldn't change. However people who freely broadcast who they support are open to attack by others
by marcosdumay | 2025-05-23 15:31:47+00:00
The people that invented Scrum aren't developers. They pretend to be, but make all their money with courses and management consultancy.

And go try to fit "required daily meetings" on the Agile Manifesto to see how well it fits. (The people that made this one were mostly developers. All working in a very specific area making very similar software, but developers nonetheless.)
by metadat | 2025-05-23 15:32:00+00:00
Yes, losing Fakespot is brutal! Will Mozilla consider open-sourcing it? Then someone who cares can pickup the torch.

This New "AdLand" Mozilla is way << worse than << Old Moz.

To Amazon's credit, at least now they do surface some junky items as"Frequently Returned", which I've found very useful to differentiate between and avoid the worst trash clones.
Show HN: WordWhiz – A Word Game I Built for My Nephew Tommy (Age 4)
by MatanHazan | 2025-05-23 15:32:41+00:00
Hey HN, I want to share WordWhiz, a web-based game I created for my nephew Tommy to help him learn reading and typing. Watching him play, enjoy, and grow more confident with words was so rewarding that I decided to turn it into something more professional, fun and educational for other kids too. WordWhiz uses colorful pictures to make learning feel like a game, supporting multiple languages (with more to come).

It’s currently available on PC, no download or payment needed, and I am also working on a mobile app . Tommy loves it and I have big plans for WordWhiz, but I’d really appreciate your feedback on the gameplay or design to make it even better for young learners.

Thank you!
by hollerith | 2025-05-23 15:32:48+00:00
But Asimov never called it alignment: he never used that word or the phrase "aligned with human values". The first people to use that word and that phrase in the context of AI (about 10 to 13 years ago) where concerned mainly with preventing human extinction or something similarly terrible happening after the AI's capability has exceeded human capabilities across all relevant cognitive skills.

BTW, it seems futile to me to try to prevent people from using "AI alignment" in ways not intended by the first people to use it (10 to 13 years ago). A few years ago, writers working for OpenAI started referring to the original concept as "AI superalignment" to distinguish it from newer senses of the phrase, and I will follow that convention here.

>the alignment problem has always been about the gap between intended outcomes and actual outcomes. Goodhart's Law.

Some believe Goodhart captures the essence of the danger; Gordon Seidoh Worley is one such. (I can probably find the URL of a post he wrote a few years ago if you like.) But many of us feel that Eliezer's "coherent extrapolated volition" (CEV) plan published in 2004 would have prevented Goodhart's Law from causing a catastrophe if the CEV plan could have been implemented in time (i.e., before the more reckless AI labs get everyone killed), which looks unlike to many of us now (because there has been so little progress on implementation of the CEV plan in the 21 years since 2004).

The argument that persuaded many of us is that people have a lot of desires, i.e., the algorithmic complexity of human desires is at least dozens or hundreds of bits of information and it is unlikely for that many bits of information to end up in the right place inside the AI by accident or by any process except by human efforts that show much much more mastery of the craft of artificial-mind building than shown by any of the superalignment plans published up to now.

One reply made by many is that we can hope that AI (i.e., AIs too weak to be very dangerous) can help human researchers achieve the necessary mastery, but the problem with that is that the reckless AI researchers have AIs helping them, too, so the fact that AIs can help people design AIs does not ameliorate the main problem: namely, we expect it to prove significantly easier to create a dangerously capable AI than it is to keep a dangerously capable AI aligned with human values, and our main reason for believing that is the rapid progress made on the former concern (especially since the start of the deep-learning revolution in 2006) compared to the painfully slow and very tentative-speculative nature of the progress made on the latter concern since public discussion on the latter concern began in 2002 or so.
Show HN: I ported .NET/C# as a switch homebrew and documented the process
by exelix | 2025-05-23 15:33:28+00:00
If you like C# and work on weird platforms you most likely looked into the possibility getting it to run on your uncommon system at least once. You might even have tried porting one of the dotnet runtimes yourself, but as far as I know there aren't many success stories about that.

Well this is how this journey started for me. After a lot of research and work I managed to build a somewhat functional port of mono for the switch. I want to stress that this is an experimental, incomplete and unofficial port. Homebrew is the term used for unofficial software you run on hacked consoles.

Nevertheless, it's available and if you have an hacked switch you can try it out and run your own programs.

Most importantly, if you're interested in the topic of porting mono for other consoles, embedded systems or even your own OS I documented the process in a write-up which you can find on the repo. I'm not aware of anything like this being available on the internet so I hope it can be a good reference for others in the dotnet community.

If you have technical questions you can post them here or in the github issues of the repo.
by bcroesch | 2025-05-23 15:33:49+00:00
We released Raif v1.1.0 today: https://github.com/CultivateLabs/raif

For anyone not familiar, Raif is a Rails engine for building LLM powered apps. Highlights include: - adapters for various LLM providers - high-level abstractions/models for working with LLM's (Raif::Task for single-shot tasks, Raif::Conversation for chat interfaces, and Raif::Agent for building agentic features) - web admin for viewing/debugging LLM requests/responses

v1.1.0 highlights include: - Support for images and files/PDF's in Raif::Task's - Embedding generation - OpenRouter, GPT-4.1, and Claude 4 support - Stats section in the web admin - Automatic retries for LLM requests that resulted in server errors

Full changelog is here: https://github.com/CultivateLabs/raif/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md
by zamadatix | 2025-05-23 15:34:22+00:00
The current 1G components are already 4x-8x that cost in volume. Much like 100M never seemed to quite go away for decades (and still hasn't in certain areas), this doesn't need to hit the bottom barrel to still hit cheap motherboards. Especially for people buying by components, many "entry level" A620 motherboards launched 2 years ago already had 2.5G NICs.

It may be a bit longer before random PCs at Walmart have 10G more often than not but it won't be long at all for "mid range" motherboards you're talking about.
by cryptonector | 2025-05-23 15:34:40+00:00
> ... You're one of the most well funded companies in the world, you shouldn't be asking for features to open aource devs, but you should be opening PRs

PG is really difficult to contribute to because it's such a fast moving target. You get your patches into one commitfest and then you don't get them accepted in time, now you're into the next commitfest, and now you have to rebase across 1,000 commits, lather, rinse, repeat.

Contributing to PG is nearly a full-time job!

I bet it's much easier to find an existing committer to PG and pay them as consultants to do the work you need.

And as siblings point out, you have to figure out what the upstream might be willing to accept, and they might have to tell you that. This requires a conversation. Presenting to them is a way to start that conversation.
by jtmcivor | 2025-05-23 15:36:15+00:00
IIUC:

* You still need to load all the bytes into memory before passing to msgspec decoding

* You can decode a subset of fields, which is really helpful

* Reusing msgspec decoders saves some cpu cycles https://jcristharif.com/msgspec/perf-tips.html#reuse-encoder...

Slides 17, 18, 19 have an example of the first two points https://pythonspeed.com/pycon2025/slides/#17
by pvg | 2025-05-23 15:36:51+00:00
I am sending my meta question to the mods and users via the submit post text box.

The site rules and conventions ask you not to do that, very straightforwardly and have for years. It's a trivial thing and you've written walls of text calling me names, making weird assumptions about my motives, etc, etc. It simply isn't true that there is 'an absence of protocol'. Perhaps you were unaware of it. Now you are, and you're right, this is a great place to wrap up.
by klimeryk | 2025-05-23 15:36:58+00:00
Self-plug: I created https://recalendar.me/ (open-source and always free) to solve this from a different perspective. It allows creating highly customized PDF calendars for e-ink tablets like ReMarkable. This gives you the "sketchy" part, making it more natural to input, doodle, make notes. But extensively utilize PDF links to make it easy to navigate the calendar. Plus other features, like pre-filling anniversaries/birthdays, custom templates per day, week, month, etc. to make it yours, fitting your particular needs. For example, I added an extra page after each Thursday, cause I always had some notes after therapy session then.

Unfortunately, something that's fundamentally hard to do with this approach is having a dynamic sync with an online calendar. That's because ultimately it's a PDF, with some device-specific layer with writing on top of it.

But in some ways, it could be seen as feature - I find it useful to copy "manually" the events to my ReCalendar. That automatically makes me reflect on them or just help me remember they're happening!

Of course, YMMV, good to have different options!
by sillyfluke | 2025-05-23 15:37:08+00:00
I don't see why you don't apply some good faith reasoning for the other side to see the poster's point. Looking at it from a broader perspective, it's perfectly possible to be a victim of a Biden admin and a Trump admin. If you went back in time and voted for the other guy but end up getting screwed in some other or same way by the other candidate -- which is very likely -- you could easily claim that you're a victim no matter who you vote for. Cause at the end of the day you're essentially voting for the lesser of two evils. And if they both are "evil" in some form then it wouldn't be out of place for you to suffer in one context or another no matter who the president is.

That's why voting against the incumbent is a thing. You're not voting for Trump, you're voting against Biden hoping (not knowing) Trump will be better, because if things are shitty already, voting for Biden seems like doing the same thing and expecting different results.

And viewing Americans as victims also has a pragmatic benefit because you allow people who have buyer's remorse to speak up about the things they regret about the guy they voted for.

>as someone who was born in a dictatorship

Since you were born in one, it stands to reason you didn't see a country drift towards one in realtime. It can very much be a boiling the frog sort of thing depending on how the pieces on the board are arranged.
by chrisco255 | 2025-05-23 15:37:10+00:00
Battery factories are being placed in red states because they're still largely functional governments with fast go-to-market permitting and are pro-growth in general. Tesla built their new HQ (which is the largest building in the country) in Texas in 14 months, which would be impossible to do in California. It would take 5 years if they allowed them to do it at all.

Blue states have ineffective, slow, dysfunctional governments that tax heavily and regulate heavily. They also do indescribably stupid things, like Prop 47 in CA.

Red state / blue state categories have nothing to do with the civil war. CA wasn't even in the civil war, obviously, and for the longest time, they were a red state (until the early 90s). All of California's foundational industries (tech, entertainment, agriculture, aerospace, etc) were brought there when it was red.
by cvoss | 2025-05-23 15:37:17+00:00
> most christian denominations believe you go to heaven or hell ... immediately

> some churches ... believe ... the soul sleeps until the second coming of Christ, then you are sent to either heaven or hell.

It's nuanced and a lot of Christians don't catch the nuance, but the Bible speaks both of an immediate transfer of the soul to one place or the other upon death and also of an eventual resurrection (of all souls into bodies) at the second coming, followed by final judgement.
by vegadw | 2025-05-23 15:37:20+00:00
Good cables (Though maybe not silver, that shouldn't matter much), ironically, actually do make an audible difference. Just good, oxygen free, low capacitance cable is what you want. Because guitars are high impedance and how tone pots are wired and the input your plugging into (Be it a pedal, amp, or interface) also usually being high impedance, how much capacitance (Not resistance, not really) matters a lot in where the natural cutoff of the passive LRC circuit your making. Go listen to some demos on Youtube just swapping cables, it matters.

It does mostly matter for noise though, yeah.

Also, active guitars largely get around these problems, as do low-impedance pickups.

I find it weird that people chase all these different pickups and sounds instead of just getting a modern, active, flat-response pickup (See Cycfi's Nu & Spectra series) and EQing and compressing to the response they want.
by insane_dreamer | 2025-05-23 15:37:24+00:00
> What isn't comparable?

So-called pressure from the Biden admin on universities to implement DEI type policies vs blackmail-level coercion from the Trump admin to get rid of them and lean the other way.

Also, the notion that DEI policies came about through Biden admin is patently false. Institutions and companies started implementing these years ago in response to public attitudes, and this really took off after the Floyd murder which was during Trump 1.0 admin.