MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by giantg2 | 2025-05-04 10:08:52+00:00
Yep, I'm talking about non-office jobs, such as in warehouses and retail. Why do you need sales associates when you can just ask an AI associate that knows everything.

But, the study is also about LLMs currently impacting wages and hours. We're still in the process of creating targeted models for many domains. It's entirely possible the customer representatives and clerks will start to be replaced in part by AI tools. It also seems that the current increase in work could mean that headcount is kept flat, which is great for a business, but bad for employment.
by i_have_to_speak | 2025-05-04 10:10:33+00:00
This really has nothing to do with CTEs.

The SQL standard does not specify how many times a subquery must or can be run. In this case, Postgres is free to run the uncorrelated subquery many times. Unfortunately, the subquery result is not idempotent.

The real solution is not to rely on the optimizer for the correctness of your query. The query should be logically correct, irrespective of the query plan, right? The correct solution would be to ensure that the subquery runs only once, using a materialized cte or temp table. Do not base your "solution" on the discovery that for this particular version of Postgres, the planner runs this type of subquery once for the '=' operator and multiple times for 'IN'.
by svilen_dobrev | 2025-05-04 10:11:09+00:00
you might be onto something here.

some time ago i discovered Wardley maps [1] (about company's "landscape" and strategy there), and one thing that stick with me was this:

there are 4 levels/stages of development there - genesis, custom-built, product, commodity. With three transitions, made by different kind of people - Pioneers, Settlers, Town-planners. And the last one, mass-production, is about "ruthless removal of deviation".

i guess these "diminishing returns" in keeping long-time same-thing (democracy?) have something in common with the removal of deviations/variety..

[1] https://feststelltaste.github.io/wardley-maps-book/#_the_fir...
by mmarian | 2025-05-04 10:11:42+00:00
1) Figure out your ICP 2) Figure out where they spend their time - eg dedicated forums, YouTube, particular TikTok influencer, etc 3) Make yourself present wherever they are - varies by channel, eg answering a related question on a forum and plugging your tool

If you don't know how to answer (2) or (3), pay for someone who's already embedded in that field to show you the ways. Can be influencer/thought leader, can be founder of another tool in that field, etc.
by DemocracyFTW2 | 2025-05-04 10:11:49+00:00
from the linked thread:

> The only combination that fails to render these entities correctly is Firefox/XSLT.

Which is one good reason not to adopt XSLT to implement HTML includes. You just don't know what snags you'll hit upon but you can be sure you'll be on your own.

> Bug 98168 (doe) Opened 24 years ago Updated 21 days ago

Well it does look like someone's still mulling over whether and how to fix it... 24 years later...
by trial3 | 2025-05-04 10:11:50+00:00
your comment’s tone suggests you live alone. there are many sane answers to this that do not involve one’s salary at all: physical ability, distance, quantity of stuff, other demands on your time or, perhaps most of all, the time of people you are moving with.

i personally am in a place where i still drive my own U-Hauls, but can very easily imagine the value of avoiding that amount of stress being worth just writing a huge check

i also must point out the even brokest friends i’ve helped move at least sprung for pizza for everyone who helped
Show HN: A Responsibility-Driven Replacement for ITIL/ITSM(OpenSource,Cap-Based)
by Der_Auctor | 2025-05-04 10:12:00+00:00
Over the past month, I’ve been working on a radical rethink of IT service management. Instead of roles, SLAs, or manual escalation paths, this system quantifies and delegates responsibility through a recursive infrastructure — fully auditable, decentralized, and resistant to role inflation or siloing.

It’s called X^∞.

The core idea: Responsibility is not a title — it’s a systemically measurable, delegatable, and feedback-bound quantity: Cap = capability to act, earned through past responsibility ∆Cap = change in authority via action and system feedback Petitions instead of tickets: context-aware priority, no status bias AuditChain = traceable delegation and accountability

Whitepaper (EN): "X^∞ as a Recursive Infrastructure – Responsibility-Driven Replacement of Classical ITSM" https://zenodo.org/records/15335843 GitHub: https://github.com/Xtothepowerofinfinity/Philosophie_der_Ver...

Includes: Python prototype (incident_engine.py, cap_petition_handler.py) CapNFT delegation logic

Structural redefinition of all 34 ITIL 4 practices

Fully open source (CC BY-SA 4.0)

I'd appreciate thoughts from anyone working in ITSM, DevOps, SRE, complex systems, or AI governance.

Happy to answer questions — or receive pushback.
by miki123211 | 2025-05-04 10:12:01+00:00
Also, they want to use the same "abstraction" for "sharing photos with their friend when they're on holiday in another country" versus "sharing photos with that same friend when they just got back and are literally sitting next to each other."

People don't really internalize that those are two different use cases.

Yes there's Airdrop, but I think most people view it as more of a "discoverability" solution than a file sharing solution. If you met somebody you don't have a number for, "okay just Airdrop this to me" is much easier than doing the whole song and dance of adding them to contacts and sending them an iMessage or finding them on Whats App. Whether the actual file transfer part of Airdrop goes over the internet or over Bluetooth isn't something most people care about, as long as it can discover nearby devices and initiate a transfer to them, it's good enough.
by uint23 | 2025-05-04 10:14:06+00:00
I'm a 16yo developer making a real world project that I and others can use on a daily basis. The aim for sxwm is that it's a really easy to configure (syntax-wise) tiling-window-manager that doesn't need to be patched and is incomplete like DWM or is bloated like i3. It has less LOC than DWM too which is a plus.

If you are thinking of switching to a tiling window manager, this is a great option to mess around and see if you enjoy it!
by kriro | 2025-05-04 10:16:07+00:00
That's a pretty grandiose statement and frankly the kind of advertisement I'm not a fan of at all.

If you want to import something and work with it GeoPandas exists. If you want something integrated with a SQL database, PostGIS exists.

On the application side of the spectrum, GRASS GIS, QGIS etc. say hi. They are being used in the agriculture industry and by government agencies (at least I know that's the case in Germany and Brazil).
by ionwake | 2025-05-04 10:16:12+00:00
Just a reminder, if you ever look at England on a map and try and guess where the middle of it is, that is where the tree stood, alone, surrounded by fields.

Until it got chopped down.

I had actually planned to walk to this tree simply because of how it looked, its location and how peculiar and lovely it seems, from a late night browse on google maps.
by bgnn | 2025-05-04 10:16:30+00:00
You are very right about electronics being much more capable than electromechanical systems. We can sychronize the frequency much better with GPS for example. This wasn't an issue for small scale solar, so apparently nobody implemented it to keep things low cost. We are at a point that we need these.

The beauty of it is the electronics can be connected and controlled much better with each other too, so more optimized control algorithms for supply and demand balancing is possible. Bad thing is, this will incentivize to solve problems by over the air updates. As we know software reliability has gotten so much worse, which makes it more prone to bugs being pushed. Obe should expect weird outages due to someone pushing something buggy.
by usrusr | 2025-05-04 10:16:34+00:00
The real change is that BT LE isn't just about low energy. That might have actually been the original intention, but in practice it is so good beyond that core area of competence that it has also displaced classic Bluetooth in fields like audio streaming, connections beyond strictly PAN distance and so on. And it will only get better as more remnants of Old Bluetooth are disappearing from devices, that have been retained for backwards compatibility.
by fragmede | 2025-05-04 10:16:43+00:00
These days, professional optical equipment, aka expensive lasers+supporting hardware, can do 10-Gbit over multiple kilometers through the air, so you're right that optical transmission through the air should be able to support higher data rates.

The problem with Irda is that it's old. Technology has significantly advanced since the 90's, when Irda was popular on cellphones, so a modern implementation could do better data rates even accounting for the significant interference from the environment. We barely had wifi back then, and now it'll do a few hundred megabytes per second without breaking a sweat (your ISP might though). All the technology required to do that didn't exist in the 90's. We have Bluetooth now though, so there's that same bootstrapping problem, where you'd just use Bluetooth, and not spend a bunch of money building a system very few people are asking for, so then there's little demand for a modern high performance Irda system in any devices.
by everdrive | 2025-05-04 10:16:58+00:00
Others have already said so, but the same is true for automation and anything else. We've had the technology to do less work for a long time, but it doesn't seem to be in our psychology. Not necessarily that we're intentionally choosing to work 40 hours for no reason. But, it feels like we're a bit stuck, and individuals who would try to work less just set themselves back compared to others, and so no one can move.
by bsenftner | 2025-05-04 10:17:15+00:00
I like going to BandCamp.com and they have a Conscious Rap section, in that section you find all kinds of interesting music. Each band/mc has their own band page, and on those pages they list other sites they can be found and those listings are gold. Tiny little online labels, or just lone artists, and some are not really music artists at all, more like collage audio philosophers.
by ajross | 2025-05-04 10:18:21+00:00
Interestingly one of the competing chipsets for Wireless USB lives on today... in the market-leading[1] Spektrum radios for RC vehicle control. Their DSMx protocol is based on the Cypress Semiconductor products, which are still available in the market despite not being recommended for new designs.

[1] But certainly not best. Consensus for "best" goes to the open source ExpressLRS work based on the Semtech LoRa products.
by kmarc | 2025-05-04 10:18:56+00:00
Don't get me wrong, I'm totally happy woth files. In fact, I'm sometimes a bit annoyed when certain apps' entities don't map to files either accidentally or to maintain the walled garden on purpose (I'm looking at you Google Photos, and the very cumbersome rclone connector to it).

On the other hand, I don't mind that full storage access is a "pain"; I don't even remember which apps I gave the permission to, and I would certainly be angry if my syncthinged files would be stolen by other app that went vicious.

All that said, as people don't think about their documents/photos/any other stuff in their homes as "filed items in folders", non-tech people also don't think about their digital items as such. And maybe this is alright, if the "file-ification" would have been so successful, better products would have emerged.
by miki123211 | 2025-05-04 10:19:33+00:00
Folders as an abstraction don't really make sense beyond documents, though.

If your music is stored in a folder hierarchy, and can, in principle, be located anywhere, how do you index it to provide a library view? How do you distinguish it from random audio files that just happen to be ID3 tagged, but which you don't want as part of your permanent music collection? How do you efficiently react to deletion events? What happens if you delete an entire artist's worth of music from your music app? Should it delete the files, or only the library entries? If it deletes files, what if (some of) that music was in a folder that didn't contain any other files? Should that folder be gone too, or should you be left with an empty folder or hierarchy? What if the folder also contained a .nfo, is it good UX if it deletes the music and just leaves the .nfo?

If the only tool you have is a computer, everything is a file. If you're a music lover and not a computer enthusiast, you tend to think about albums, artists and playlists, and that's how you want to view your music collection.
by giantg2 | 2025-05-04 10:20:14+00:00
The best "underrated" way is to lowball yourself. Apply to as many places as possible, including non-tech companies. When asked, give a starting salary that's at the bottom of the range for the position or even slightly under (use indeed, glassdoor, levels, etc for the range).

Because she's a she, I strongly recommend looking at large non-tech companies that promote equality. There's probably some equality index or ESG style list to help identify them. I know they exost necaude my company gives a strong preference to female candidates, even internally for promotions and stuff. I can't give my company name but I'm sure there are others out there.
by akoboldfrying | 2025-05-04 10:20:28+00:00
I mostly agree with all this -- I remember the glee with which people would discover and report "undocumented" BIOS or DOS interrupt calls, and the feeling that Microsoft were holding back on documenting these calls for selfish reasons -- but I can't see how they caused the 640k limit. That limit was built into the segmented memory architecture of real mode 8086 and successor CPUs.
by amos-burton | 2025-05-04 10:21:44+00:00
we would not have this narrow vision of losers/winners IF the inequalities were reduced, it would not be as strong as it is today in our world view if this parameter was adjusted. In turns, "winners" would not feel like they are at the verge of loosing it all, constantly, because the wealth they generate would be stored into a living organism (a nation, or else). like having multiple bank accounts, with multiple currencies, that one being .... bio-economic i guess.

democracy does not work. Or first, we should clarify the meaning of "it works". IMO, it did not prevented us from burning the world, this is sufficient to say that in a parallel universe i would bet differently.
by potamic | 2025-05-04 10:22:00+00:00
I'm in the same boat regarding sound deadening, so when I was in the market for a car this was my #1 priority. But outside of the luxury segment, they do not even talk about sound deadening or noise isolation. This idea simply does not exist. It was very disappointing because this is a fairly low tech, inexpensive feature that could easily find its way to mainstream cars. Sure it adds some extra weight, but the improvement in riding comfort easily outweighs the fuel consumption. It's like flying with noise cancellation headphones. You don't know what you're missing unless you try it once, and then you can never go back.
by vintagedave | 2025-05-04 10:23:30+00:00
I’ve recently come to be fascinated by J.

Twenty years ago, studying my computing degree, one semester we learned J. It was unlike anything I’d used before and the entire class found it confusing. The compiler / environment was reportedly written by one of the professors and it was routine to run into bugs; I remember puzzling through something, going to a tutor, and them just shrugging it off as a J interpreter issue. I never grokked it and simply passed the course.

But it keeps on recurring to me and I pause to think of J at the weirdest times. As I use more and more languages, I’ve become more fascinated by it. Just like Prolog (also one semester, but with a reliable environment.) I want to learn both better.
by cpursley | 2025-05-04 10:23:55+00:00
Agree. The one thing LiveView is missing is 1:1 Tailwind and Shadcn libraries that are more or less interchangeable with the huge ecosystem around them. I just want to be able to pull in popular components for the wider dev community. There’s some commendable attempts at UI libraries for LiveView, but they are too opinionated stylistically or just slightly off mainline shadcn. I don’t really want to hang my hat on this type of thing and later get burnt when it’s no longer maintained (which is more often the case). Also, the AI tooling for Elixir is greatly lagging which is disappointing as that language is particularly well suited for it.
by 63stack | 2025-05-04 10:24:12+00:00
What's the current state of the art on this? Last time I looked it was really not trivial, because of two things:

1) there is only one bootloader (grub2) that can load kernels from encrypted /boot partitions, but the support for that is limited, you have to use a weaker encryption if I remember correctly, AND decryption speed (after entering the luks password) is super slow, because the CPU extensions that speed that up (AES) are not yet online that early in the boot process

2) you can choose to not encrypt /boot, and have it as a separate partition, but now your btrfs snapshots will not include the kernel, so restoring after kernel upgrades is going to break your system
by thaumasiotes | 2025-05-04 10:24:51+00:00
> the wireless headset was the killer app [for Bluetooth] in its early days

But the wireless headset is now a horrifying millstone making Bluetooth look like the world's stupidest trash fire. If you enable your microphone, you lose all audio from anything that doesn't want to use the microphone as the headset switches into "headset" mode and drops anything that wants to use "headphones" mode. There is no reason for there to even be two different modes.

Why is this still happening?
by progbits | 2025-05-04 10:25:16+00:00
Yes it does. We deploy firebase and bunch of other GCP things from github actions and there are zero API keys or JSON credentials anywhere.

Everything is service accounts and workload identity federation, with restrictions such as only letting main branch in specific repo to use it (so no problem with unreviewed PRs getting production access).

Edit: if you have a specific error or issue where this doesn't work for you, and can share the code, I can have a look.
by Serge68 | 2025-05-04 10:25:18+00:00
For final polishing of stainless steel exhaust pipes, the electrolytic plasma process is recommended, it removes waviness, tarnish colors after welding, cleans welds, achieves a mirror shine. The polishing process takes 5 minutes. The process is energy-intensive, but without chemicals. Here is an example of equipment https://pvdcoaters.com/epp I recommend trying to polish exhaust pipes, manifolds and other parts made of stainless steel using this method.
by smitty1e | 2025-05-04 10:26:05+00:00
> Przeworski’s theory starts from a simple seeming claim: that “democracy is a system in which parties lose elections.”

I like this, but a more general point is that at all scales, we need to resolve the tension tension between the singular and the plural, the individual and the group, the `int` and `[int]`.

Results vary between Milton Friedman's famous pencil to the devastation of war.
by nkrisc | 2025-05-04 10:26:57+00:00
Spellcheck (and auto completion) is like AI - it solves one problem and creates another.

Now instead of misspelled words (which still happens all the time) we have incorrect words substituted in place of the correct ones.

Look at any long form article on any website these days and it will likely be riddled with errors, even on traditional news websites!
by onli | 2025-05-04 10:28:01+00:00
I personally would like to be able to enable the UEFI boot mode of the board, so that I can enable Resizeable bar - for the performance benefit and to have the option to add an Intel GPU later. So cleaning up the GRUB situation could help me there - that's why my comment above was completely serious, I'd really look at suggestion.

Because otherwise I see it like you, why change what works. Even the move to Grub 2 with the more complicated config options wasn't all that bad, since it really needed less often to be configured manually. So after a bit I was fine with that.
by miki123211 | 2025-05-04 10:28:12+00:00
TBH, my biggest gripe with Google is that they seem to support a slightly different JSON schema format for structured outputs than everybody else. Where Open AI encourages (or even forces) you to use refs for embedding one object in another, Google wants you to embed directly, which is not only wasteful but incompatible with how libraries that abstract over model providers do it.

My structured output code (which uses litellm under the hood, which converts from Pydantic models to JSON schemas), does not work with Google's models for that reason.
by Rhainur | 2025-05-04 10:29:06+00:00
Other people have mentioned "dynamic typing" as being the reason for this, but that's not actually true. The real reason is two Ruby features: `define_method` and `method_missing`.

If you have a class `Customer` with a field `roles` that is an array of strings, you can write code like this

class Customer ROLES = ["superadmin", "admin", "user"] ROLES.each do |role| define_method("is_#{role}?") do roles.include?(role) end end end

In this case, I am dynamically defining 3 methods `is_superadmin?` `is_admin?` and `is_user?`. This code runs when the class is loaded by the Ruby interpreter. If you were just freshly introduced into this codebase, and you saw code using the `is_superadmin?` method, you would have no way of knowing where it's defined by simply grepping. You'd have to really dig into the code - which could be more complicated by the fact that this might not even be happening in the Customer class. It could happen in a module that the Customer class includes/extends.

The other feature is `method_missing`. Here's the same result achieved by using that instead of define_method:

class Customer ROLES = ["superadmin", "admin", "user"] def method_missing(method_name, *args) if method_name.to_s =~ /^is_(\w+)\?$/ && ROLES.include?($1) roles.include?($1) else super end end end

Now what's happening is that if you try to call a method that isn't explicitly defined using `def` or the other `define_method` approach, then as a last resort before raising an error, Ruby checks "method_missing" - you can write code there to handle the situation.

These 2 features combined with modules are the reason why "Go to Definition" can be so tricky.

Personally, I avoid both define_method and method_missing in my actual code since they're almost never worth the tech debt. I have been developing in Rails happily for 15+ years and only had one or two occasions where I felt they were justified and the best approach, and that code was heavily sprinkled with comments and documentation.
by akoboldfrying | 2025-05-04 10:29:26+00:00
Back in the day, there was a website called amihotornot.com, where people could post photos of themselves and others could vote on how good they look.

This spawned a variety of copycat sites, all using the amiXornot name template. My favourite was amibiosornot.com, which showed you a photo of a PC motherboard, and asked: AMI BIOS or not?
by palata | 2025-05-04 10:30:09+00:00
> But the reality is that current copyleft licenses means immediate blacklist by most companies legal department.

Because they always manage to find permissively-licenced alternatives! There are many different copyleft licences (not only the GPL family, take e.g. MPL or EUPL) that can be used and that are not "viral".

> The combination of unclear legal precedent and corporate governance means that copyleft in it’s current state exactly does not work as most people want

This is wrong. What it means is that corporate governance doesn't handle it correctly, because they don't need to.

If a project goes permissive because they want to please corporations, they shouldn't whine when they do. Otherwise they should just use a copyleft licence and teach the smaller companies that they can actually totally use that!