MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by mindslight | 2025-05-13 01:02:05+00:00
It is pretty helpful and productive to have:

1. Clear and simple criteria that imply someone is a citizen, so they cannot be hassled by a wannabe dictator's goon squads.

2. A diversity of opinion that can call out horrible actions, even if politically incorrect.

If he's an actual "antisemite" [0], you're more than welcome to attack his arguments per #2. And I hope for your sake that regardless who may be in power, that you can avoid being harassed or even sent to the concentration camp, perhaps by relying on #1.

[0] as opposed to the broad brush usage of this term being used to malign anybody who is merely critical is Israel's actions
by navar | 2025-05-13 01:02:10+00:00
Embeddings as a tool have been around for longer than LLMs. They were (and are) ubiquitous in, e.g., recommender systems. It sounds maybe this would be more in-line with what you are looking for. In this case, check out https://github.com/benfred/implicit - I have used it in the past with great success.
by kaycebasques | 2025-05-13 01:02:47+00:00
87MB is still quite big, though. Think of all the comments here on HN where people were appalled at a certain site loading 10-50 MB of images. Hopefully browser vendors will figure out a secure way to download a model once and re-use that single model on any website that requests it. Rather than potentially downloading a separate instance of all-MiniLM-L6-v2 for each site. I know that Chrome has an AI initiative but I didn't see any docs about this particular problem: https://developer.chrome.com/docs/ai
by crazygringo | 2025-05-13 01:03:51+00:00
Psychology is also the field with a slew of unintuitive results that have been repeatedly replicated as correct. And what is "intuitive" anyways? What was extremely non-intuitive a century ago is common sense today.

So that's why I question the assertion. You're right that there are tons of replication failures, but whether intuition correlates with replicability way doesn't seem relevant. Especially when the point of so much research is to look for currently "non-intuitive" things, so of course that's where more replication issues might exist. It doesn't mean you should stop researching in that direction.
by eru | 2025-05-13 01:04:06+00:00
The earth is a giant ball of matter.

You can reasonably model it as a closed system in terms of matter. But it's very open in terms of energy.

There's practically unlimited space in landfills to take up any garbage we can produce. Later, when you need the materials, you can invest energy to mine your landfill.

I'm not saying we should do that or that it's a good idea. My point is that 'earth is a closed system in terms of matter' is a much weaker and less profound statement than it sounds like.

What is limited is the amount of resources we can cheaply get access to in the short run. Similarly while landfill space is practically unlimited, there's a limit to how much our various ecosystems can take, if we just dump our garbage and emissions into them directly.

The latter aspect encompasses eg releasing CO2 into the atmosphere. But also putting plastics in the ocean, where it might do real damage. (As compared to having the plastic sit around in a land fill.)
by benoau | 2025-05-13 01:04:39+00:00
And the kicker is, they're actually planning to overtake Harvard's $526 million investment by approximately three orders of magnitude.

> Von der Leyen announced the 500 million euros ($566.6 million) incentive package and said she also wanted EU member states to invest 3% of gross domestic product in research and development by 2030.

https://www.reuters.com/science/eus-von-der-leyen-announces-...
by kimixa | 2025-05-13 01:04:58+00:00
Same with android phones - a super-specific hardcoded phrase is much easier to work in the power budgets required for an "always on" part of the device.

It's why a manufacturer (like Samsung) can change that sort of thing on their devices, but it's not realistically something an end user (or even an app) can customize in software. It's not some "arbitrary" limitation.
by Retric | 2025-05-13 01:05:27+00:00
Replacing gasoline and diesel use in cars and trucks removes 10% directly at the tailpipe and another 3-5% indirectly. But EV’s need electricity thus clean electricity can offset more than its current 20% share. The actual calculation depends on unknown factors like how we ramp down oil production, ethanol use, and how refineries adjust to changing demands.

Add heating for buildings + hot water + industrial processes that can use electricity instead of fossil fuels alongside indirect effects like methane leaks from pipelines and drumroll.

We can get to ~50% reduction while saving money over using fossil fuels.
by imgabe | 2025-05-13 01:05:36+00:00
Exempt jobs in no way shape or form start at $80k. You can be making $35k and be exempt. It has to do with the nature of the work, not a salary.

You can't be non-exempt and have unpaid overtime. Non-exempt means you are required to be paid overtime for working over 40 hours per week. That's the entire point of the exempt / non-exempt designation. If you're non-exempt and not getting paid overtime, you need to report your employer to the DoL.

Yes, some areas are expensive, those areas also have higher wages. The median wage in that area will be higher than the overall median for the whole country. If you can't afford to live there...live somewhere else. That isn't complicated.
Show HN: Prompt Inspector – A browser-like inspect tool for prompts
by Nachiketh10 | 2025-05-13 01:05:43+00:00
I was working on a project that involved indexing GitHub repos that used really long prompts. Iterating over each section and figuring out which parts of the prompt led to which parts of the output was a quite painful.

As a frontend dev, I kept thinking it would be nice if I could just 'inspect element' on particular sections of the prompt.

So I built this prompt debugger with visual mapping that shows exactly which parts generate which outputs. Now that context windows are getting huge, working with massive prompts should not be as difficult.

Planning to open source this soon, but I'd love ideas on how to improve it: - Should I consider gradient-based attribution or other techniques to make the mapping more accurate? - Would this make more sense as a CLI? - What else can make this actually useful for your workflow?
by eru | 2025-05-13 01:06:09+00:00
Yes, there's just more exciting progress happening in the AI world.

But just because they are coming up with new models every week, doesn't mean that producing last week's model was a waste in the same way that replacing a physical product every week would be a waste.

This month's Linux kernel version builds on last month's version. Similarly, most of the work that goes into today's LLM is recycled from yesterday's.
by transpute | 2025-05-13 01:07:30+00:00
Thanks for the detailed explanation. Yocto has offline builds, but is missing host filesystem isolation.

Are you familiar with StageX, https://codeberg.org/stagex/stagex/#comparison? There's a comparison chart on that page which claims that Nix(OS?) is not fully reproducible. It would be useful to know which subset, if any, is not reproducible.
by defrost | 2025-05-13 01:07:59+00:00
In a nod to an actual reality that's stranger than you imagine ...

> the person that felt bad enough to reveal the crime

is considerably arse backwards.

To scratch the surface of that:

McBride had previously raised concerns within the Australian Defence Force about the dangers of increasingly restrictive rules of engagement and the nature of investigations into members of the special forces. The ABC found evidence of war crimes and published the information in their 2017 publication The Afghan Files. McBride was allegedly unhappy with ABC's reporting of his documents.

ie. The "whistleblower" disclosed examples of behaviour of the SASR and other(?) special force groups not with the motivation of disclosing "war crimes" but to provide examples of "stuff the lads do to get the job done", behaviours that were being threatened by kid glove thinking and internal policing that might have a bias, etc.

During the case, McBride's lawyers stated he acted out of concern about the nature of the Defence Force's “excessive investigation of soldiers” in Afghanistan. McBride believed the investigations were a "PR exercise" to compensate for earlier public allegations of war crimes. Justice David Mossop stated "the way you've explained it is that the higher-ups might have been acting illegally by investigating these people too much, and that that was the source of the illegality that was being exposed."

~ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_McBride_(whistleblower)

However his story changed and wandered over the course of time his initial motivation on record wasn't at all that he felt bad about the rules of engagement being disregarded, he felt that such things were being chased down too hard.
by cadamsdotcom | 2025-05-13 01:12:15+00:00
It’s a bit like trying to censor a LLM: to delete such an interconnected piece of information as “everything about making CPUs” you have to so significantly alter the LLM that you lobotomize it.

CPUs exist at the center of such a deeply connected mesh of so many other technologies, that the knowledge could be recreated (if needed) from looking at the surrounding tech. All the compiled code out there as sequences of instructions; all the documentation of what instructions do, of pipelining, all the lithography guides and die shots on rando blogs.. info in books still sitting on shelves in public libraries.. I mean come on.

Each to their own!
by Kon-Peki | 2025-05-13 01:15:21+00:00
Eh, it seems like there is a good chance they put their thumb on the scale for the publicity of Ewing in New York.

But the Knicks were still a last place team with him, and all the attention for the next 5 years was in Boston, Los Angeles, Chicago and Detroit.

The team that got screwed the most ended up with a hall of fame player. And in the prior draft Jordan was the #3 pick. Does rigging the draft actually get you much?
by PaulDavisThe1st | 2025-05-13 01:15:27+00:00
Yeah, but the thing is that I don't think any of this data is "self-collected". I suspect that OSM gets most of its US trail data (or at least western state trail data) from the National Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management. I also suspect that incorporating such a data source into Google Maps is relatively trivial, but they just seemed to have done so.
by sinuhe69 | 2025-05-13 01:17:27+00:00
What about the famous breakfast? One prevalent theory among nutritionists is that the breakfast has huge influence on the insulin responses during the day: a low carb/no sugar, high protein and fat breakfast will not spike your blood glucose level and therefore will lead to a more moderate response to meal intake during the day as opposite to a high carb breakfast. I think the study should control this variable as well.
by fn-mote | 2025-05-13 01:17:35+00:00
You need to know what FedRAMP is. Don't even bother clicking on the link until you do.

Founded in 2011.

> The FedRAMP PMO mission is to promote the adoption of secure cloud services across the federal government by providing a standardized approach to security and risk assessment.

Seems pretty bland to me. I'm not worried about this one.

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FedRAMP
by avidiax | 2025-05-13 01:17:57+00:00
Something the author didn't bring up: L3Harris is going to add a bunch of classified/military equipment and technology to the plane at taxpayer expense.

Gifting the plane to his presidential library for his personal use (whether it turns out that way or not) is effectively like letting the president keep the Air Force Two helicopter. Essentially, the US taxpayer is getting ripped off when Trump gets to maintain personal use of a bunch of equipment and refurbishment that he didn't pay for.

A second point is that Trump would now be in control or possession of classified military hardware, while also being a convicted felon incapable of getting a security clearance. Is he going to fly it to Moscow and let FSB agents poke around the avionics bays? Is he going to declassify all of the hardware in his shiny plane on his last day in office, even if that affects the safety of his successors?
by kelas | 2025-05-13 01:18:02+00:00
No, brother - a neon tube requires at least a 4kV transformer, she's not so easy going. And in 2025 there are still absolutely valid use cases for CRT oscilloscopes, lamp amplifiers, LPs and Compact Cassettes, if you're old enough to know what those things are. But arithmometers are only useful to have fun under influence, sorry. Don't be a luddite.

A modern web browser, on the other hand, is the closest the humanity ever got to building a tower of Babylon, which is very easy to see by spending a few hours exploring how the Chromium sausage is made. I'm not aware of any worse codebase out there in the wild, and it is definitely not glowing neon.

On yet another hand, there are good news - it is just a matter of time when DOM API will get properly exposed to WASM VM, and on that sunny day all script kiddies, along with nodejs kiddies, along with endless pythonista will finally and traumatically learn the difference between the definitions of "computer programmer" and "software developer".

The day will come, and computer programming will again be art and full of fun.

You always get back to the basics, they say. But the road is long and full of sticks and stones, just like a false sheperd called 1-pixel gif. That's not yet the art of programming, sorry.

And btw I fully support HN for flagging this post. The quality of writing there is as silly as it is obnoxious.
by esbranson | 2025-05-13 01:18:17+00:00
Let's hope they have better success than NATO at holding the EU states to their pledges. Otherwise Harvard may gain the upper hand.

> The endowment distributed $2.4 billion in the fiscal year 2024.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Wales_summit

https://finance.harvard.edu/financial-overview
by SOLAR_FIELDS | 2025-05-13 01:18:37+00:00
Rechargeable batteries and ports becoming ubiquitous has been a boon for households. Case in point: we wanted lighting for our stairs like many people do. You can buy, in the single digit dollars, motion sensor lights that are rechargeable and come with magnetic and adhesive to mount the lights in the stairwell. Keep a usb fan out cable cluster nearby and recharging them once a week is a 10 second endeavor to pop the lights off the magnets in the walls and leave them plugged in for an hour. Amazing.

Such a setup would have been in the hundos of dollars even 25 years ago
by ritwikgupta | 2025-05-13 01:19:36+00:00
This is about changing the way FedRAMP accreditation is done for any cloud service, like Box (or a new SaaS that you may create tomorrow). The FedRAMP process requires you go through a certain set of audits, meet a certain set of standards, etc., in order to be approved to host CUI (IL4/5) or SECRET (IL6) information.

Normally this can take a lot of time and monetary investment. On one hand, these processes encode cybersecurity best practices. On another hand, it keeps new companies out of the market.

It seems this effort is doing away with a lot of those processes. I hope the level of compliance stays the same.
by ocdtrekkie | 2025-05-13 01:20:10+00:00
It's a bland title for a key thing: It sets compliance standards for government use of cloud computing. Even companies like Google have had massive projects to get FedRAMP compliant so that the federal government can use their services.

See for example: https://fedscoop.com/google-earns-fedramp-high-authorization...

And this announcement is basically just that they're going to massively lower the bar.
by derektank | 2025-05-13 01:20:17+00:00
FedRAMP services, even FedRAMP High services, aren't authorized to host classified material. My understanding is that those agreements are still largely negotiated directly between the intelligence / defense services and the big providers, such as the Joint Warfighting Cloud Capability contract. FedRAMP is a program for vetting SaaS services for use by government agencies broadly. FedRAMP Moderate and High certified services are qualified to host Controlled Unclassified Information, which might be sensitive and held by either the government or private companies like defense contractors, but I wouldn't call them state secrets per se
by bombcar | 2025-05-13 01:20:23+00:00
I really want to know what happens afterwards. Sometimes it makes sense - a widow trying to clear out her husband's garage without much understanding of what it is - so prices it what she remembers him buying it for.

But others are run by professional estate companies; either they know they can get certain prices online (where?) or they do some form of scam where they overprice everything and when it doesn't sell they offer some "bargain price" to clear the house out.
by potato3732842 | 2025-05-13 01:21:01+00:00
>Why does the differentiation matter?

Because the millions upon millions of traffic stops water down the fact that the police go guns blazing into petty BS way too often.

>There is this tone in a lot of these discussions that the police are going out and hunting young unarmed black men and it simply doesn't line up with reality.

Worse, they're hunting us all. Anyone who isn't a cop is at best a mark to be shaken down to them.
by lmm | 2025-05-13 01:21:46+00:00
No single big name (although the Guildhall gallery is underrated) but there are a lot of trendy small galleries in the Old Street/Shoreditch area. Sadler's Wells Theatre is extremely reputable and just up the road. There's an Everyman in broad street and two full-on arts cinemas by Shoreditch High Street. That whole area has changed a lot over the last 20 years or so.
by RpFLCL | 2025-05-13 01:23:24+00:00
That's mentioned on the "Conclusions" page of TFA:

> Large-scale simulation: So far, we have only focused on systems with a few objects. What about large-scale systems with thousands or millions of objects? Turns out it is not so easy because the computation of gravity scales as . Have a look at Barnes-Hut algorithm to see how to speed up the simulation. In fact, we have documentations about it on this website as well. You may try to implement it in some low-level language like C or C++.
by alabastervlog | 2025-05-13 01:23:39+00:00
The stuff that really matters is mostly on microcontrollers.

The few industries that push computing out of need would suffer. Certain kinds of research, 3D modeling.

But most of what we use computers for in offices and our day-to-day should work about as well on slightly beefed up (say, dual or quad CPU) typical early ‘90s gear.

We’re using 30 years of hardware advancements to run JavaScript instead of doing new, helpful stuff. 30 years of hardware development to let businesses save a little on software development while pushing a significant multiple larger than that cost onto users.
by werdnapk | 2025-05-13 01:24:17+00:00
I've been working with Ruby full time for pretty much 20+ years as well and there's many parts of it I've never used, although when I need one of it's many features, I love that it's there. I just used a refinement for example last month for the first time to help clean up some code that I didn't want polluting top level classes everywhere.
by kixpanganiban | 2025-05-13 01:24:53+00:00
Hi! I wrote Doctor because I keep struggling with grounding on docs when working with agentic code editing (ex Roo, Claude Code).

Doctor uses crawl4ai to crawl websites, and then chunks and embeds them with langchain + litellm + openai, and finally stores all the vectors in duckdb. This allows your LLM to query the docs using semantic search over MCP, giving it grounded and up-to-date information for the things you're working on.

It requires an OpenAI key for the embedding process, but I'm working on giving users options in the future (different providers, local embedding using something like DPR or other transformer libs, etc.)
by pveierland | 2025-05-13 01:25:25+00:00
This usage of `orthogonal` feels misleading. Nix is built to be a purely functional software distribution model where the outputs can be computed from the specified set of inputs. Although it is possible for derivations to not be reproducible, it seems incorrect to say that Nix is orthogonal to reproducible builds, as the point of the functional model is to nominally be able to get the same outputs given a set of inputs. Sure, Nix doesn't guarantee reproducibility of builds, but it certainly is designed to facilitate them (i.e. clearly correlated with reproducible builds and not being orthogonal to them).
by alephnerd | 2025-05-13 01:26:58+00:00
> And this announcement is basically just that they're going to massively lower the bar

The FedRAMP bar was always dumb.

I've been in the cybersecurity industry for more than a decade now, and while FedRAMP was envisioned as a way to streamline Fed cloud and security procurement, it ossified extremely quickly.

To get FedRAMP you ended up having to work with a handful of dedicated FedRAMP partners, and your development velocity would dramatically decrease as you spent most of your time dealing with compliance BS that didn't actually affect your security posture.

A lot of the innovation on the security vendor side is happening at early-mid stage startups, but sinking $15-20M and 1.5- 2 years just to get FedRAMP compliance became too much of a lift, hence incentivizing consolidation amongst larger vendors.
by tomrod | 2025-05-13 01:27:05+00:00
FedRAMP is a set of technologies vetted by a common standard by GSA. It assists in moving technologies from one-off authority to operate (ATO) with a specific CIO office in an agency or department to a shared standard.

It takes some investment, but it is cheaper than each company jumping through arbitrary hoops and opens most of the federal government as a client.

It was part of the brainchild of GSA's 18F, recently DOGE'd.
by kadoban | 2025-05-13 01:27:35+00:00
> Companies won't inform of vulnerabilities. They may/should inform users if they think their data was breached, which is different.

They who wrote up an API with extremely basic security flaws, and didn't know until someone came and told them. Let's be honest: they have _no_ idea if anyone's data was breached. Users should know so they can be extra cautious, the data in question can ruin lives.

> Not clear why "the public" should be informed, either.

The public will be informed because why would the security researcher keep quiet? They also _should_ know because it's important information for someone considering trusting that company with sensitive information.

> Ultimately they thanked the researcher and fixed the issue, job done.

Hard disagree. It's not the worst possible response, but it's not good and it wasn't done.
by credit_guy | 2025-05-13 01:28:19+00:00
> I remain skeptical that fusion will ever be a commercially viable energy source. I'd love to be wrong.

It can be for deep space propulsion. The Orion project [1] demonstrated that you can power a spaceship so that it has both huge thrust and huge specific impulse with hydrogen bombs. The main issue with this project is the proliferation concerns. However, if you replace the bombs with pellets that are imploded by lasers, like the NIF experiment did [2], then you could get to the point where you can drive a rocket with non-weaponizable fusion explosions.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Orion_(nuclear_propuls...

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusion_ignition#2021_and_2022_...
by nradov | 2025-05-13 01:28:53+00:00
Are you asking specifically about the US Army Special Forces, or special operations in general? In either case they typically don't have much training in law enforcement. Special Forces do have extensive training on building relationships with locals, which can be helpful with investigations and intelligence gathering.

There are also Military Police trained in law enforcement. They tend to deal more with force protection and internal investigations. Some US MPs were responsible for the notorious Abu Ghraib prison torture scandal but there have been some reforms since then.