MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by dmitrygr | 2025-05-15 05:32:25+00:00
You’re assuming no other data structure points to the element. It may. Example: implement a cache.

Each element is: key, value, linked list node for hash table bucket, linked list node for LRU. Hash table to look up element. Element is both a member of hash table and of linked list. Linked list is used as LRU for feeling memory when needed.

LRU never traversed but often needs removal and reinsertion.
by echelon | 2025-05-15 05:35:16+00:00
> Can you elaborate?

The universe tends to produce self-replicating intelligence. And that intelligence rids itself of chemical and biological limitations and weaknesses to become immortal and omnipotent.

If evolution can make it this far, it's only a few more "hard steps" to reach take off.

>> It happens to literally every existence of life across the universe because the final emergent property of energy gradients 100% leads to pure logic machines.

The spacefaring alien meme is just fantasy fiction. Aliens evolve to fit the nutrient and gas exchange profiles of their home worlds. They're overfit to the gravity well and likely die suboptimally, prematurely.

Any species reaching or exceeding our level of technological capability could design superior artificial systems. If those systems take off, those will become the dominant shape of intelligence on those worlds.

The future of intelligence in the universe is artificial. And that throws the Fermi Paradox for a loop in many ways:

- There's enough matter to compute within a single solar system. Why venture outside?

- The universe could already be computronium and we could be ants too dumb to notice.

- Maybe we're their ancestor simulation.

- Similar to the "fragile world hypothesis", maybe we live in a "fragile universe". Maybe the first species to get advanced physics and break the glass nucleates the vacuum collapse. And by that token, maybe we're the first species to get this far.
by chupasaurus | 2025-05-15 05:36:59+00:00
In Moscow there are 2,5 cases of commercial buses: routes that differ from city-owned ones (both local and between parts) and downtown-to-satellite-city_name where there is no other public transport. Both mini and normal buses are being used, as you might guess they are still operating because they fill the niche and are faster than public buses because those have stops each 2-3 minutes. Subway there is far more preferred if it's even remotely an option, due to congestion and reliability.
by mmooss | 2025-05-15 05:37:31+00:00
> public transit and bike paths are excellent for those who can't

Are they? Based on what?

Many people can't reasonably ride bikes for many reasons, especially in NYC bike lanes with delivery people flying around on e-bikes. Public transit isn't always sufficient - people end up switching buses four times, etc.

The roads are a public good; again policy 'innovation' is merely dismissing responsibilities and difficult requirements - as long as the rich people's requirements aren't the ones dismissed.
by codethief | 2025-05-15 05:37:52+00:00
As the sibling said, a good physiotherapist should be able to point you in the right direction in terms of which areas to focus on and what muscles you need to work out (i.e. which ones are too weak). In my case, I had done boxing for many years and I had the typical boxer's posture (shoulders tilted forward, round back etc.), and it also surely didn't help that I was sitting the rest of the day. Now, while boxing is great for your body overall, it does train the muscles on the front of your body a bit more than on your back, and to make matters worse the stance you take in boxing is asymmetrical, so that's where my issues where coming from: My bad posture was basically putting excessive pressure & stress on the nerves responsible for my arms & hands, which led to the latter constantly cramping up, being irritated & hurting, tingling, and so on.

So they had me focus on my traps, rear deltoids, neck musculature, and all the smaller back muscles in order to get me straight again (straighten my back, pull back my shoulders and head, et cetera).

At the same time, they also noticed a rather strong anterior pelvic tilt (which goes hand in hand with rounded shoulders), so I also worked on that through a number of core exercises (abs, lower back, glutes, etc.)

As you say, we can all try to focus on walking straight but we'll forget in no time. The solution to this is to train your muscles to remember for you. Now, to be clear, there's no magical memory in your muscles, it's simply about force balance: If your posture is skewed, some of your muscles are likely too weak, while others are too strong (and/or gravity is too strong), so your bones and joints get pulled in the wrong direction.

You say standing straight feels weird to you now. It did to me, too, because I had to overcome my weak muscles to stay straight, until my muscles became stronger and my new posture became second nature. Nowadays, I feel weird when my posture deteriorates again, so that's a clear signal to me then that I have neglected my exercises and need to put in more work again.

Finally, a word on the topic of ergonomic equipment, because I tried a lot over the years: Of course a decent desk setup (keyboard, mouse, chair, screen, …) is valuable and might help alleviate the pain but let's not kid ourselves: You are (or become) what you do most of the day, which among us techies likely is sitting. So passive instruments (sitting differently) rarely get you fixed 100% (likely not even 20%); we actually have to put in active work ourselves!
by felixrydberg | 2025-05-15 05:38:25+00:00
There are some sections of the code that is close-source. Like the Console, but the devs are very active in their Discord. There is a small community trying to self-host, and from what I have seen gotten most of it working. There isn't an easy way to start it up for a more junior developer, but if you want to self-host it you are able to since all "components" are available
by antirez | 2025-05-15 05:41:28+00:00
Background for folks that are not into MicroPython. This release is so important because MicroPython is almost completely able to replace lower level languages like C for many embedded use cases on the RP20[45]0 and ESP32 and other MCUs at this point, being very solid, fast enough (and thanks to Viper and inline assembly abilities even super fast for critical code paths), portable across MPUs (super important: you can change MCU without rewriting everything), has very good support for SPI and other protocols, and so forth. But... the problem is, before this release MicroPython suffered not the CPU shortage, but RAM shortage: the bytecode needed to stay in memory, and once the program becomes big enough, memory is the bottleneck that limits the project size. To avoid that, you could build your own MicroPython binary with your frozen bytecode inside, in the device flash part, but... if I need to rebuild MicroPython part of the advantage of using it is gone (super fast development cycle is one of those). Well, now, with ROMFS, this is no longer true, MP itself is able to store bytecode in the device flash and execute from there. This makes MP a lot more practical for large embedded projects.
by aspenmayer | 2025-05-15 05:41:54+00:00
You didn’t really need a printer per se.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanhope_(optical_bijou)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microform

> Portable readers are plastic devices that fold for carrying; when open they project an image from microfiche on to a reflective screen. For example, with M. de Saint Rat, Atherton Seidell developed a simple, inexpensive ($2.00 in 1950), monocular microfilm viewing device, known as the "Seidell viewer", that was sold during the 1940s and 1950s.

Apparently that’s not what they really used for mail in WW2, though. This video shows how it was really done.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0BpixrjNhGE
by kazinator | 2025-05-15 05:41:54+00:00
> This transformation is affectionately known as sharing

No, it is ubiquitously known as CSE: common subexpression elimination.

The original DAG representation of the abstract syntax, on the other hand, exhibits substructure sharing.

> Of course, that invariant eventually changed. We added a way in the source langauge to introduce lets, which meant my algorithm was wrong.

Because you have to identify variables by more than just their symbol, due to shadowing, like De Brujn indexing and other schemes.

CSE is not particularly difficult in a functional language. Variable assignments throw a monkey wrench into it. Any terms with side effects also.

By the way, CSE can be done over intermediate representations, rather than abstract syntax. In an intermediate representation, you look for identical instructions with the same operands, not arbitrarily large expressions, while paying attention to variable liveness.

Another by the way is that not only do we have to worry about side effects, but we also cannot do CSE on expressions that guarantee returning a fresh object. E.g. if we are compiling Lisp we cannot merge two occurrences of (cons 1 2). The expressions must produce fresh cells which are not eq to each other. Ultimately that is linked to side effects; being able to mutate one cell with no effect on the other. Construction per se is not a side effect, even if it guarantees freshness.
by dsign | 2025-05-15 05:43:00+00:00
Though I agree with you to an extent, the hero's journey includes an element of inner change in values or moral disposition. That, and not the subject's situation (or GPS coordinates), is what makes it the hero's journey.

Be as it may, I'm not a fan of this element, because it assumes that every hero worth following is morally lacking to begin with and that that's the only thing worth writing about. First, the inner world of a well-crafted character can be so fundamentally alien to any reader that its discovery can fill any number of pages. Second, and more importantly, focusing on the accidental faults of an individual person while neglecting commentary on the vices of the world at large is asinine. It also gets very tiring as you age, because you keep reading the same story for decades.

The good news is that, in many novels (and certainly in mine, check for example "When Ra Rows through the Gates of Duat"), that inner change is elided. The character's situation changes; they may completely step out of GPS range, but they remain fundamentally the same person. The conflict can be about creatively making do in an imperfect world.
by TheChaplain | 2025-05-15 05:43:46+00:00
LLM is just another tool, use it wrong and you'll suffer from it.

I use it as a tutor, to teach how to do certain tasks or and explain things I do not yet understand.

When I create things like articles, I ask it to review and point out grammar/spelling mistakes.

And sometimes I use it as a search engine to find sources where I can validate information.
by bruce511 | 2025-05-15 05:44:00+00:00
So I'm old enough to remember my very first encounter with a computer, it was an Intellivision console at a frieds-of-my-parents-we-seldom-visited house.

We played Armour Battle and B17. I was hooked. I mean first-time-heroin hooked. Ironically I never actually played Intellivision again.

Some months later we got an Apple 2 at home, and I read the book it came with (on writing code in basic.) That was more than 50 years ago. (Wow that makes me feel old...)

It's unusual to live and work through the very genesis of an industry so I feel very blessed. It's really hard to convey how far we've come, and yet how much further we might still go.

Tip of the hat to Intellivision though. I only ever saw you once, but once was all it took.
by dxuh | 2025-05-15 05:44:28+00:00
> As others have also observed, permissions such as MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE have been rampantly abused in the past, often in horrific ways.

I understand that great care should be taken when this permission is granted to new apps, but NextCloud is well known and on top of that it is a file management app. If anything, apps like that should have this permission.

If you plan to phase it out completely, then the alternatives have to be good enough, which judging from some of the child comments, they are not. I have never developed for Android (and likely never will, because of stuff like this), so I cannot judge properly.

It's also my understanding that the Google Drive App is just some UI over cloud storage. All the interesting bits like Backup are not handled through it and Google Drive gets preferential treatment for this. Additional permissions are required to emulate such functionality.
by spwa4 | 2025-05-15 05:46:00+00:00
Really? The problem with this argument is that if you go look at communities where the least resources are used, to put it very mildly, you will not find happy people. Or even healthy people.

We are still in the situation that even though specific uses of resources might look wasteful, nobody has trouble coming up with good uses for more resources, even in the world's richest places. Building housing. Fighting disease. Transportation. Less resources means taking those things away from the level they're at right now.
by matt_trentini | 2025-05-15 05:49:59+00:00
Yes, although MicroPython is focused on running on microcontrollers it can be useful if you want to reduce memory consumption, flash space and even startup time on servers.

The challenge is that MicroPython has many fewer standard libraries:

https://github.com/micropython/micropython/wiki/Standard-Lib...

And so many Python libraries targeting CPython won't work out-of-the box and you'll need to modify them or use alternatives that do work on the MicroPython subset.
by jcims | 2025-05-15 05:50:03+00:00
I agree that it's a tired argument, but there appears to be two separate things being discussed in this little corner of HN. Clarity in the problem it's being asked to solve, and confidence that the answer it has is correct.

I can trivially get any of the foundational models to ask me clarifying questions. I've never had one respond with 'I don't know'.
by bytepoet | 2025-05-15 05:52:13+00:00
The inability of LLMs of ask for clarification was exactly the flaw we encountered when testing them on open-ended problems, stated somewhat ambiguously. This was in the context of paradoxical situations, tested on DeepSeek-R1 and Claude-3.7-Sonnet. Blog post about our experiments: https://pankajpansari.github.io/posts/paradoxes/
by globie | 2025-05-15 05:53:19+00:00
This rings the same tune as the MPAA and RIAA utilizing lawfare to destroy freedom online when pirates were the ones "break[ing] the internet."

Could you help me understand what the difference is between your point and the arguments MPAA and RIAA used to ruin the torrent users' lives they concluded were "thieves"?

As a rule of thumb, do you think people who are happy with the services they contribute content to being open access and wish them to remain so should be the ones who are forced to constantly migrate to new services to keep their content free?

When AI can perfectly replicate the browsing behavior of a human being, should Github restrict viewing a git repository to those who have verified blood biometrics or had their eyes scanned by an Orb? If they make that change, will you still place blame on "jackasses"?
by jsemrau | 2025-05-15 05:53:25+00:00
That's no surprise. When I was working on game theory and agent reasoning I reached the same conclusion a year ago.

My conclusion was that context needs to be managed well for the LLMs to manage accuracy in replies. Also, it helps to have a planning process ("graph reasoning") before task execution because it guardrails the models thought process.

This also introduces a discussion on general use vs workflow agent implementations as in the former it is much more difficult to generalize all components in structuring effective ReAct patterns.
by josecodea | 2025-05-15 05:53:44+00:00
It seems like half of the commenters here believe they could implement a Golang TUI that sends and receives emails in less than 2 hours. Clearly they have never tried to build a TUI, let alone consider any kind of the issues that might occur between different terminal emulators (OS, Terminal emulator, Shell). The web is king for a reason.

The only explanation I can presume is that these people are mistaking TUI for a CLI app, which would be a fatal mistake.
by l33tbro | 2025-05-15 05:56:06+00:00
Sure, but I'm still not sure it would realistically function. All data in this scenario is obviously synthetic data. It could certainly identify gaps in its "experience" between prediction and outcome. But what it predicts would be limited by what it already represents. So anything novel in its environment would likely confound it.

It's a cool sci-fi story. But I don't think it works as a plausible scenario, which I feel it may be going for.
by silisili | 2025-05-15 05:56:24+00:00
The other comments gave good answers. A lot of people think it means saying something horrible and racist or something, but not at all.

As one pointed out, there's a "well you said it was X, but person Y who got hired did that too. And they're a different race or gender or religion, so that leads me to believe discrimination."

There's also you trying to be helpful, saying something along the line of "well you hesitated a bit and sounded unsure in your answers", only to find out they have some disability that caused that and now have admitted you're discriminating based on it.

Maybe you'll say "well, if I had known, I wouldn't have noticed it or cared." And a lot of candidates would likely say as much up front. But they don't have to tell you about it at all. See how that creates a weird dynamic?

Is it common? Probably not. But it obviously happened or else such rules wouldn't exist. It's one of those things that the bad actors ruin it for everybody. Bigots are never going to admit their reasons - good people will. But bad people will always try to take advantage, regardless.
by somenameforme | 2025-05-15 05:57:16+00:00
It's interesting how much the nature of LLMs fundamentally being self recursive next token predictors aligns with the Chinese Room experiment. [1] In such experiment it also makes perfect sense that a single wrong response would cascade into a series of subsequent ever more drifting errors. I think it all emphasizes the relevance of the otherwise unqualifiable concept of 'understanding.'

In many ways this issue could make the Chinese Room thought experiment even more compelling. Because it's a very practical and inescapable issue.

[1] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_room
by neom | 2025-05-15 05:59:02+00:00
What this thread keeps surfacing, and so much discussion around this stuff generally right now, from speculation about the next phase of intelligence, the role of pattern, emotion, logic, debates over consciousness, the anthropocentrism of our meaning-making...is that we are the source of reality (and ourselves). Instead of a “final authority” or a simple march from animal to machine, what if everything from mind, physics, value, selfhood, is simply a recursive pattern expressed in ever more novel forms? Humans aren’t just a step on a ladder to “pure logic,” nor are machines soulless automatons. Both are instances of awareness experiencing and reprogramming itself through evolving substrates... be it bios, silicon, symbol,or story. Emotions, meaning, even the sense of “self,” are patterns in a deeply recursive field: the universe rendering and re rendering its basic code, sometimes as computation, sometimes as myth, sometimes as teamwork, sometimes as hope, sometimes as doubt.

So whether the future leans biological, mechanical, or some hybrid, the real miracle isn’t just what new “overlords” or “offspring” arise, but that every unfolding is the same old pattern...the one that dreamed itself as atoms, as life, as consciousness, as community, as art, as algorithm, and as the endlessly renewing question: what’s next? What can I dream up next? In that: our current technological moment as just another fold in this ongoing recursive pattern.

Meaning is less about which pattern “wins,” or which entities get to call themselves conscious, and more about how awareness flows through every pattern, remembering itself, losing itself, and making the game richer for every round. If the universe is information at play, then everything here that we have: conflict, innovation, mourning, laughter is the play and there may never be a last word, the value is participating now, because: now is your shot at participating.
by ckcheng | 2025-05-15 06:00:04+00:00
There really is a few comments here with great suggestions for how to improve your resume and online presence. It seems like some of it can still be tried, or if you feel it was already tried but got rolled back, then they can be tried again altogether.

Unfortunately, there's also a lot of noise here too... As a start, I'd say these few comments have solid, specific, actionable suggestions:

- https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43978225

- https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43978405

- https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43981072

- https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43983905

But I also want to say... I sympathize and agree with you that it's tough now out there. There's ageism, offshoring, AI, end of ZIRP, economic uncertainties, etc.

I hope you get to a position you're happy with soon.
by listenallyall | 2025-05-15 06:00:19+00:00
But nobody was claiming congestion pricing would absolutely lead to seizing cars. The OP was talking about the fear that more things may happen, which is perfectly logical. Today, nobody (including you) can say whether 10 or 20 years from now, ICE cars will be banned. But observing steps that appear to lead in that direction, and being concerned or fearful, is rational and logical.
by akomtu | 2025-05-15 06:00:54+00:00
If we assume that the many worlds interpretation has a basis in reality, then we can consider the following metaphysical angle. The evolution around us is our world line with the physical laws we are familiar with. And indeed the natural and inevitable progression of this world line is a machine world, just like a massive star inevitably collapses into a black hole, at least under our physical laws. However in the MWI, our world line may split into two: one will continue towards the machine world as if nothing happened, while the other world line will experience a slight change of physical laws that will make the machine world impossible. Both world lines won't know about the split, except by observing a large scale extinction event that corresponds to the other world line departing. IMO, that's the idea behind the famous judgement day.
by matt_trentini | 2025-05-15 06:01:55+00:00
Yes, it was chosen for low size and memory constraints. But it is limited in features (like counted repetitions):

https://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/library/re.html

so alternatives to provide additional features have been discussed... Either extending the existing module or swapping to a more feature-rich library. Possibly even doing so for larger micros that can afford the additional flash/memory, though that makes support more challenging.
by int_19h | 2025-05-15 06:02:05+00:00
A monoculture does not require some kind of conspiracy or even concerted efforts to maintain it. Simple dominance by numbers is sufficient, and that is very much observably the case based on numerous polls of political leanings.

FWIW I'm not even saying that it's necessarily a bad thing in and of itself. As far as I'm concerned, a lot of it is due to conservatives increasingly drifting away from major positions that can be sustained through facts and reason (although the same effect also exists on the other side of the aisle, I'd say it's less pronounced overall).

But that doesn't matter. OP's point is, if science falls squarely on one side of political spectrum, for any reason, the consequences shouldn't be surprising.