MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by klodolph | 2025-05-06 00:54:29+00:00
2010s and 2020s are the two different decades.

I found $23,884 expenditure per child in 2014-2015, which is when the $4.30 school lunch cost is from. With 180 instructional days, lunch would be $4.30/day x 180day/year / $23884/year = 3.2%.

> I was more or less trying to do what you suggest, but without getting stuck doing research until next week. I could be off by a factor of 10 or even 100 without the point having a significantly different summary, right?

You were off by a factor of 150, about. Kinda big. I guess you could be stuck here doing research until next week. I searched “nyc cost per student school 2014” and plugged some numbers into a calculator. I made sure to put all my numbers up there with units in case you disagree with the numbers or disagree with the formula. If you want to use newer numbers you can do that, but I think it’s important to use numbers from the same time, more or less.

These “off by 3x, 2x, 4x” errors add up to orders of magnitude if you make enough errors like that. I was disagreeing with your estimate because there were too many errors. Just kind of a gut feeling.
by manquer | 2025-05-06 00:55:24+00:00
On the flip side few reasons why I don’t favor generalist profiles (while being one myself).

- resumes which claim generalist tend to be SEO’ed than real, or AI generated and they will say experience dozens of technologies most of which would be untrue, throw everything and see what sticks .

In most cases it just tells me what they have heard of rather than what they know especially if they are not very senior .

- It takes really hard effort to be beyond a superficial generalist, even when they know some of those skills and remember them during an interview it is not with a lot of depth they pursued only in passing interest not in a professional capacity (that is fine, but it is a lot work to make the distinction in evaluation on all relevant skills in a timed interview)

- It is harder or simply not viable for a specialist to interview a generalist , so you need to have few to hire more . If you don’t have any or they are not doing interviews you are not going get more .

- Being a generalist with depth of understanding means you are the type of person who needs to understand things properly before doing them . .You are lot of time learning things which are not required for get the task completed.

That means either you need are prepared to spend a lot of personal time and be perpetually stressed or be slow in completing something .

It is hard thing to master to let it go . I don’t think I have learned it yet

- Complexity and depth of technologies change a lot in short duration when they are corporate backed .

I learned Linux architecture or vim or git 20 years ago they haven’t changed much. You can be productive in any of these to stacks very quickly even if you didn’t use them for years .

Last I worked on android or swift is more than few years ago . I doubt I could even build a serious app without spending major time . To be productive to learning curve is steep and the prior knowledge is limited in usefulness.
by vlovich123 | 2025-05-06 00:55:30+00:00
Even in that case you end up with an AI that is teaching itself based on the cumulative sum of all conversations it has with all people in the world basically (& needing to remember it). That is very different from me learning from a conversation with one person and remembering that. And my impression is that we're nowhere near seeing this deployed in production.

Sure, if you cut down the power requirements by 3-4 orders of magnitude you might get personalized agents. Still, the architecture is very different - in modern AI there's a very specific split between training & inference and I'm not aware of anything on the horizon that looks more like online training (+ the split is useful for all sorts of reasons).

Anyway, my point still stands - it's anthropomorphization because AI doesn't work that way today.
by mandmandam | 2025-05-06 00:55:37+00:00
Yes, people are generally delusional; importantly though, some people are much less so (and some more so). Being connected to reality, being grounded, are learnable traits (but not very valuable to CEOs and narcissists).

> They are roughly as delusional as everyone else.

I would bet serious money that people who believe in Ayn Rand are generally more delusional than others, and the same goes for the ultra-wealthy living in a bubble of sycophants.

And their wealth gives them much more capacity - and motive - to cause damage.
by thumbstop21 | 2025-05-06 00:55:41+00:00
Hi there, are you crafting each of these emails individually? I expect that would take up a bunch of time.

Here's some rules we generally follow:

1. Try to pick something that would normally require layers of research: E.g. “I saw that you posted every day for the last 2 weeks, and that it’s your first time running a business.” 1. make this line short and to the point 2. Ask a question about a common pain point they are mostly likely going through. 3. Say what you do, but god damn it say it fast - show that you can help with their problem. 4. EITHER 1. mention a case study that the reader is likely to relate to. 2. Offer to build something for free that others are charging for

[Example of what this looks like](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1SZ0zW6L7vYdmOgjXvAZqkVZPj_0...)

- Simple message structure to use: 1. *observation* → explaining why we reached out 2. *problem* → referring to the complexity of pain points, that they face daily 3. *solution* → showing how we can help 4. *CTA with value* → asking if they are open for a convo while highlighting the benefit - Run your email through https://mailmeteor.com/spam-checker to detect spam keywords

I run a cold outbound agency, so I'd be happy to connect if you're interested in outsourcing any of this :) I know it seems overwhelming, but hopefully you found some of this actionable. Feel free to book 30 minutes if interested https://www.getclockwise.com/c/colin-thumbstopmedia-com/30mi...
by orionsbelt | 2025-05-06 00:56:21+00:00
Who knows how this will play out, but user behavior is always somewhat sticky and OpenAI now has 400M+ weekly active users. Currently, I'm not sure there is much of a moat, as many would jump if, say, Google released a model that is 10x better. However, there are myriad ways that OpenAI could slowly try to make their userbase even stickier:

1. OpenAI is apparently in the process of building a social network.

2. OpenAI is apparently working with Jonny Ive on some sort of hardware.

3. OpenAI is increasingly working on "memory" as a LLM feature. Users may be less likely to switch as an LLM increasingly feels like a person that knows you, understands you, has a history with you, etc.

4. Google and MSFT are leveraging their existing strengths. Perhaps you will stick with Gemini given deep integration with Android, Google Drive, Sheets, Docs, etc.

5. LLMs, as depressing as this sounds, will increasingly be used for romantic/friend purposes. These users may not want to switch, as it would be like breaking up and finding a new partner.

6. Your chat history, if it can't be easily exported/imported, may be a sticky feature, especially if it can be improved (e.g. easily search, cross-reference, chats, like a supercharged interconnecting note app with brains).

I could list 100 more of these. Perhaps none of the above will happen, but again, they have 400M weekly users and they will find ways to keep them. It's a lot easier to keep users that have a habit of showing up, then getting them in the first place. There's a reason that Google is treating this like an emergency; they are at serious risk of having their search cash cow permanently disrupted if they don't act fast to win.
by danenania | 2025-05-06 00:58:01+00:00
The "good" thing is this is all way too expensive to be ad-supported. Maybe there will be some ad-supported products using very small/cheap models, but the leading edge stuff is always going to be at the leading-edge of compute usage too, and someone has to pay the bill. Even with investors subsidizing a lot of the costs, it's still very expensive to use the best models heavily for real work.
by nathanwallace | 2025-05-06 00:58:10+00:00
Readers may also enjoy Steampipe [1], an open source tool to live query 140+ services with SQL (e.g. AWS, GitHub, CSV, Kubernetes, etc). It uses Postgres Foreign Data Wrappers under the hood and supports joins etc with other tables. (Disclaimer - I'm a lead on the project.)

1 - https://github.com/turbot/steampipe
by okanat | 2025-05-06 00:58:35+00:00
Europe has quite a bit individualism too. Maybe even more when people can freely express themselves without judgment, you know.

But to have individualism for everybody, everybody needs to eat and have a dignified life.

Cutting less lucky people's food and healthcare for penny pinching, or worse religiously followed ideology isn't individualism. It is sadist selfishness. It kills individuality of large swaths of people for a tiny minority's extravagant and boringly repetitive habits.
by romanhn | 2025-05-06 00:58:58+00:00
Really curious what modern North Korean cinema is like, especially compared to the slick South Korean productions. One of my favorite childhood movies growing up in late 80s Soviet Union was Hong Kil Dong, a campy North Korean martial arts movie, with a folk hero battling evil ninjas. Played across Eastern European movie theaters. Rewatching it as an adult, I was surprised how little propaganda there was in it. According to Wikipedia, the creators were inspired by Shin Sang Ok, the kidnapped director (other sources say he was directly involved - https://youtu.be/lroqzeyPVs0?si=A8yh0hNl0-d2QGgR).
by peterldowns | 2025-05-06 00:59:10+00:00
Can you explain more about the "Coqui XTTS Lasinya" models that the code is using? What are these, and how were they trained/finetuned? I'm assuming you're the one who uploaded them to huggingface, but there's no model card or README https://huggingface.co/KoljaB/XTTS_Models

In case it's not clear, I'm talking about the models referenced here. https://github.com/KoljaB/RealtimeVoiceChat/blob/main/code/a...
by voidspark | 2025-05-06 01:00:48+00:00
That's right, and the Wikipedia page refers to the classification system:

"A framework for classifying AGI by performance and autonomy was proposed in 2023 by Google DeepMind researchers. They define five performance levels of AGI: emerging, competent, expert, virtuoso, and superhuman"

In the second paragraph:

"Some researchers argue that state‑of‑the‑art large language models already exhibit early signs of AGI‑level capability, while others maintain that genuine AGI has not yet been achieved."

The entire article makes it clear that the definitions and classifications are still being debated and refined by researchers.
by eschneider | 2025-05-06 01:01:11+00:00
I'm one of those generalists who's done everything from bare metal work, to cloud stuff, to most things in between. Very few companies hire for that. They usual have some particular pain point they need fixed and I have experience with that. But it's easy to explain that if they need help with all this other stuff the product needs to get out the door, sure I can pitch in with that, and more importantly, I understand intimately how my piece fits in with all the other pieces in the stack and that makes it far easier for me to design and build components that fit into their wider environment.

That's something hiring managers do find compelling.
by brundolf | 2025-05-06 01:01:27+00:00
Many people, especially in our subculture, tend to feel like if they can't solve an entire problem forever, if they can't Change The World, what they're doing is futile and pointless

But most people can't change the world. Most individuals shouldn't have the power to change the world. What we can do is be a force for good in the lives that are proximal to us. If we can make a few people's lives better, we should rest easy knowing that we've done our part.

If we can do more than that, then great. But never let the overwhelming hugeness of the entire world cripple your ability to make your little dent. Most people only get the chance to make a little dent - if that - and there's nothing wrong with that.
by f30e3dfed1c9 | 2025-05-06 01:01:49+00:00
I think you misunderstand what science is and how it works. Everyone understands that we are not just possibly, but in fact certainly, missing not just one something but many things. But until there is actual evidence of those things, they can't be considered.

Nobody thinks that science as it stands now is complete or even necessarily correct. All scientific knowledge is always provisional, subject to revision as evidence requires.
by Ericson2314 | 2025-05-06 01:04:23+00:00
Is file alignment on disk guaranteed, or does it depend on the file system?

The NVMe layer is not the same as the POSIX filesystem, there is no reason we need to throw that as part of knocking the POSIX filesystem off it's privileged position.

Overall you are talking about individual files, but remember what really distinguishes the filesystem is directories. Other database, even relational ones, can have binary blob "leaf data" with the properties you speak about.
by YeGoblynQueenne | 2025-05-06 01:04:27+00:00
In my experience people who have learned to code by themselves write the most incomprehensible balls of spaghetti. Then when everyone else struggles with their garbage code they convince themselves it's because they're so good because they didn't need to go to uni and learned it all on their own.

Universities have all sorts of pathologies, from academic fraud to parasitic admins, but they also have people with deep knowledge of their field and who occasionally are even good teachers, and undergrad courses at least leave you enough time to explore and direct your own learning.

They also put you in an environment where you can measure yourself against others, which you sure don't get sitting in your bedroom hacking your games. As a consequence, your head doesn't get inflated so much (unless you're top of the class, which kind of naturally resolves itself when you get your first job where everyone thinks you're a useless moron with no life experience).

Also: university libraries.

Edit: oh shit. I just realised. I did learn to code on my own O.o
by Jach | 2025-05-06 01:04:48+00:00
Not a lawyer but I do wonder if refusal to provide any number also adds liability, especially if it can be demonstrated to a court later that a reasonable estimate was known or was trivial to look up, and the deciding party would not have gone through with the action that ended in harm if they had been provided said number. I'm also not seeing how giving a number and then the procedure working out results in increased risk, perhaps you can expand on that? Like, where's the standing for a lawsuit if everything turned out fine but in one case you said the base rate number for a knee replacement surgery was around 1/1000 for death at the hospital and 1/250 for all-cause death within 90 days, but in another case you refused to quantify?
by dragonwriter | 2025-05-06 01:05:30+00:00
> but you can't even apply “tariff” to movies as it is IP, not physical goods (on which tariffs apply

A government can apply tariffs to any exchange it chooses, but movies are explicitly excluded from the law on which Trump has relied for tariffs, so short of getting a new law passed to authorize movie tariffs, there is no legal authority.
by panny | 2025-05-06 01:05:34+00:00
>links to other documents, support for styling, shared resources, scripting, and so on

SVG supports all those things. SVG's use element can do exactly what the OP is talking about. You can put HTML in SVG and SVG in HTML. SVG is just markup exactly like HTML. SVG supports JavaScript and stylesheets. SVG can put text on a curve and other stylish things that boring boxy HTML cannot accomplish.

https://www.w3.org/2002/Talks/www2002-svgtut-ih/hwtut.pdf

Read it. Ch 11 shows you how use can import chunks of other SVG. Ch 12 is JavaScript. You can inline it in your html and style it with CSS just like any of the other tags in html. Once you know SVG, you can hand generate more compact images than anything created by something like Inkscape which just uses path elements for everything. For example, you can do a UPC barcode with a single SVG line element using a wide stroke and a stroke-dasharray. See chapter 8.
by AdieuToLogic | 2025-05-06 01:06:18+00:00
> Universities do not provide knowledge, this is a romanticization[sic] of an ideal. They are about getting a passing grade and a certificate so that you can enter the workforce. The idea that you go to college to get an education is just a polite fiction to appease students and their parents

University is like a supermarket.

For some, they go there with a loose idea of what they want only to find ingredients not previously considered, often ending up with a better dining experience because of it.

For others, it is aisle after aisle of crap "Uber Eats" can deliver already made and without the hassle of having to cook it.

To each their own.
by anigbrowl | 2025-05-06 01:07:09+00:00
I'm also left wondering what happened to the thin band. It seemed like it would have been perfectly sufficient to just cut the torus and turn it into a tube. Likewise I wonder why we need to import a sphere rather than just pinch the ends of the tube shut and say it's now a sphere.

I don't really get the whole surgery concept, if you can just cut the torus (and this could be anywhere, eg along the length of its inner or outer diameters) and glue the edges together aren't you just waving away the problem? By that logic I can slice open a sphere and call it a sheet, or conversely declare all shees to be spheres that haven't been glued together yet.

They have played us for absolute fools
by irrational | 2025-05-06 01:08:29+00:00
> Boredom was part of life, and we accepted and adjusted to this reality.

I remember myself and my siblings often complaining, “Mom! I’m bored!” With the “bored” long and drawn out.

This post caused me to stop and reflect that I haven’t heard my kids complain about boredom in more years that I can recall. They have audiobooks on demand, movies on demand, YouTube on demand, game consoles on demand, etc. It’s almost impossible to become bored. What to do? I remember how much I hated being bored, is it cruel to enforce boredom on my kids (that are still at home) or cruel not to?
by aylmao | 2025-05-06 01:09:30+00:00
Subscription services can sell ads too. See Hulu, or Netflix. Spotify might not play "radio ads" if you pay, but it will still advertise artists on your home screen.

These models being expensive leads me to think they will look at all methods of monetization possible when seeking profitability. Rather than ads being off the table, it could feasibly make ads be on the table sooner.
by Cleverwolf7 | 2025-05-06 01:10:23+00:00
Location: Orlando, FL

Remote: Yes

Willing to relocate: yes

Technologies: Java, Python, C/C++, Rust, Go, C#/ASP.NET, SQL, TypeScript/JavaScript, NodeJS, HTML/CSS, Kotlin, XML, Pytorch, Tensorflow, Keras, HuggingFace, Pandas, NumPy, Matplotlib, Seaborn, Missingno, Scikit-learn, Scipy, PostgreSQL, MySQL, GraphQL, Git, Github, Docker, REST, JWT, Anaconda, 2FA, SHA-256, Qdrant, SPLADEv3

Resume/CV: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1D2r-IDMI3Xd8rw5QRv_AoiDj87D...

Email: yousefeid707@gmail.com
by lammalamma25 | 2025-05-06 01:10:45+00:00
Curious if there is a way to dip your toe into this kind of thing without dedicating years of learning. Maybe a home lab? I've always been interested in this because it seems hard/interesting, and enjoyed learning about it in school. Wondering how much time you'd have to invest to see if you like it. I assume there is a healthy amount of "this is hard/not fun" along the way before you find out.
by aforwardslash | 2025-05-06 01:11:30+00:00
BeOS was mostly a single-user system, and filesystem was optimized for that use case. Having to consider that an opened file for reading may be modified by a remote system running with a different user complicates things, so while I do agree that BeFS was quite ahead of his time, it focused on a somewhat specific use case; At the time, you wouldn't expect that you could eg. correctly backup your email client data without shutting down the application.
by Retric | 2025-05-06 01:11:49+00:00
Sure, and well before LLM’s computer programs were writing junk articles on what happened in a football game and such. But how companies fill a 24/7 news cycle is only vaguely related to journalism. The AP news wire has done wonders to these companies bottom line by minimizing the need for actual reporting vs simply repackaging existing content.

Still someone needed to find the underlying interesting bit of information before everyone else could add their own spin to it.
by trollbridge | 2025-05-06 01:13:36+00:00
My state fixed this so the marginal rate was never over 100%, but there is a rather wide range where the marginal rate is about 75%. For every dollar you earn, you keep 25¢, and are paying in 75¢ in the form of getting fewer refundable tax credits, food stamps, energy bill assistance, and so on. (If I include the energy bill assistance, the marginal rate is 85% in a few bands.)
by rufus_foreman | 2025-05-06 01:13:55+00:00
>> gee, this is such a straightforward issue we could actually solve

Shifting the cost from the parents who had the kids onto the taxpayers is not solving the problem.

It's making people who didn't cause the problem subsidize the people who did cause the problem.

That's not solving the problem.

It's making sure there will be more problems.
by imgabe | 2025-05-06 01:14:25+00:00
I had been meaning to do this for the longest time. I even had a couple spare raspberry Pis laying around, but didn't want to set it up. Finally, I realized you don't need a raspberry pi at all. It's running in docker on my plex server. Much less friction. Don't get hung up on needing to run it on a raspberry pi.
Show HN: LLM Router – Open-source prompt router for multi-LLM deployments
by arun_raman | 2025-05-06 01:14:43+00:00
We just open-sourced LLM Router, a framework that lets you route user prompts to the most suitable large language model (LLM) automatically optimizing for speed, cost, and accuracy. If you have multiple LLMs (open or proprietary) and want to use the right one for each task, LLM Router acts as a drop-in OpenAI API-compatible proxy. It classifies each prompt (e.g., code generation, QA, rewrite) and sends it to the best backend, all configurable via YAML.

Built for production: Rust backend, NVIDIA Triton integration, metrics for monitoring.

Flexible policies: Use built-in classifiers or plug in your own PyTorch models.

Easy integration: No major code changes needed, point your client at the router.

Example: Route complex coding questions to a powerful model, and simple rewrites to a smaller, cheaper one.

Repo: github.com/NVIDIA-AI-Blueprints/llm-router

Would love feedback, ideas, and to hear how others are handling multi-LLM workflows!
by stavros | 2025-05-06 01:15:07+00:00
I am of the opinion that deploying stuff to a single server shouldn't be this complicated, and I wrote a tool to deploy the way I wanted:

https://harbormaster.readthedocs.io/

Harbormaster uses a YAML file to discover repositories, clones and updates them every so often, and runs the Docker Compose files they contain. It also keeps all state in a single directory, so you can easily back everything up. That's it.

It's by far the easiest and best tool for container orchestration I've come across, if all you need is a single server. I love how the entire config is declared in a repo, I love how all the state is in one directory, and I love how everything is just Compose files, nothing more complicated.

I know I'm tooting my own horn, I just love it so much.