MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by xp84 | 2025-05-23 20:50:48+00:00
> few opportunities to build a life

for certain values of "a life" of course. The article alludes to our 'great-grandparents' and indeed, we wouldn't be here if the majority of people 100 years ago didn't build "a life" in rural areas without any of the things most of GenZ (and if i'm honest, millennials too) think "a life" requires.

But the word "build" you used is telling. I think you mean "buy a life" -- that's what pursuing only the City Life is doing. In the country you would indeed have to build a life. To figure out what would make you happy and build it, whether that's a club of fellow board game enthusiasts, or a restaurant that you open, or a small chicken farm, etc.

I don't blame the young people, they've only ever been shown a fashionable, extreme-consumption-based narrative of what "a life" should be. Expensive vacations, designer handbags, luxury cars, kitchens bigger than that whole $29,000 house (and that cost $100k for the kitchen alone). That's what we've been told happy people need.

I'm just deeply unconvinced that any of that automatically brings happiness, and I am very convinced that the amount of work it takes to pay for all that is 100% bad for those of us who weren't just born into wealth.
by qball | 2025-05-23 20:50:52+00:00
No; it's actually made the division worse.

Look at the election map: the elected party has near-zero representation west of Ontario (even in the cities where you'd expect it to be, with the exception of Vancouver which is its own thing).

Westerners are unhappy with paying top tax dollar for policies that are intended to destroy Western economic productivity and culture (whether one likes what that is or not is ultimately irrelevant).

Thus- from their perspective- if Easterners cannot be reasoned with, then there's no reason that they should accept Eastern rule as legitimate. Thus the recent moves to, if not outright reject it entirely, renegotiate the amount of political power that their outsized economic productivity (especially per capita) is currently buying them... because for the last 6 years (with every indication that it'll actually be 10+ due to de facto Toronto/Quebec coalition government), it's zero.

The Conservative Party makes more sense as a nascent Bloc Ouest than anything else. And if Eastern voters continue to reject all their reforms, well, there's nothing illegitimate about ending an abusive marriage.
by kergonath | 2025-05-23 20:50:55+00:00
> Is it not one of those "rip the band-aid off" things and endure temporary pain for long term gain?

Not really, because Brexit cannot deliver what its supporters are still saying it will. It won’t have its cake after having eaten it and there are no sunny uplands of milk and honey. It was a scam, internal Tory politics that went out of hand.

> The EU moves appeared to be out of spite at the time.

The thing is, the EU did not move. The vast majority of what happened was utterly predictable. The UK was never going to get access without contributing, it would never have worked with the treaties and there would never have been the necessary support amongst member-states to change them. All of this was clear from day 1. As was the fact that the EFTA members had no interest in welcoming the UK. Never mind the fact that May had no plan whatsoever and Boris was a lying bastard so trust was in short supply anyway.

> Perhaps things will thaw over time?

Of course. The UK physically cannot get away from Europe. And the EU has strong interests in having good relations with the UK over the long term. Things will improve, and however terrible it was during the negotiations, there were other lows before in the History of Europe. It’s still cold comfort for the people living through it.

> The UK has a long history of being fiercely independent

That’s how they like to see it. The UK has more of an history of meddling and playing divide and conquer games with the rest of Europe. It was never outside European politics at any point in time since the Romans. It is not more fiercely independent than France or Poland.

> which appears, to a foreigner, to be assembling into a nation of states, similar to the US

The EU is nothing like the US. It is not a nation and does not have a central government. The whole construction depends on the member-states approving it indefinitely. It is a club of countries, not a federation.
by lbreakjai | 2025-05-23 20:52:20+00:00
This is going to be subjective, but the interface is better, especially if you're used to other jetbrain products. I haven't used pgAdmin for a while, but I remember the autocomplete being clunky to use and, quite frankly, quite bad.

My company had some leftover Datagrip licences, and it felt like moving from notepad to an IDE. I haven't looked back since.
by munchler | 2025-05-23 20:53:02+00:00
True, but I think that only occurs in the upper atmosphere and at a very low rate. Atmospheric N2 is also converted by bacteria into ammonia, which is absorbed by plants. And lightning oxidizes N2, as do combustion engines. I'm not sure if all those different reactions add up to a significant fraction, though. It might be true that most of the N2 molecules from Caesar's time still exist.
by empiko | 2025-05-23 20:53:04+00:00
Nice writeup, but regarding title -- I find it fascinating how powerful attention really is. There were some tweaks developedz sure, but if I open Llama 4 code on HugginFace, it is more or less the same code that I've seen there 5 years ago. Despite all the AI hype, we are still just exploiting tech developed in 2015-2020. And despite NeurIPS brandishing 25k papers this year, the innovation rate in deep learning seems to stagnate
by adgjlsfhk1 | 2025-05-23 20:53:12+00:00
UB is very much a double edged sword for compilers. On the one hand, it makes lots of simple optimizations much easier, but on the other, it makes lots of inter-procedural optimizations much harder (since the compiler must be incredibly careful not to introduce UB that the user didn't introduce themself).

There is no compiler that actually uses all of the things that the standard allows them to do (especially wrt atomics), because if they did, everyone's code would break, and figuring out which code transforms were legal would be ridiculously difficult.

> at least compared to languages like Java and especially compared to languages like Ruby

I hope you didn't take from my previous comment that I think Java is a good language from this perspective. The fact that Java gets even gets half decent performance is a miracle given how bad the JVM model is. Ruby is a language I'm really interested to try out since IMO it was the language that first managed a modicum of optimization with python-like expressiveness.
by JackSlateur | 2025-05-23 20:53:58+00:00
Is this ok ?

Python 3.13.3 (main, May 21 2025, 07:49:52) [GCC 14.2.0] on linux Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import json >>> json.loads('47234762761726473624762746721647624764380000000000000000000000000000000000000000000') 47234762761726473624762746721647624764380000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
by tempaccount420 | 2025-05-23 20:54:02+00:00
I don't see how a round trip of <500ms, which is equivalent to maybe 50 tokens, is worse than including many thousands more extra tokens in the prompt, just in case they might be useful. Not to mention the context fatigue.

If designed well - by suspending generation in memory and inserting a <function_result>, without restarting generation and fetching cache from disk - the round trip/tool call is better (costs the equivalent of 50 tokens for waiting + function_result tokens).
by aidenn0 | 2025-05-23 20:54:06+00:00
> I'm unaware of any baseball park or hotdog stand where top-cut buns are sold.

Baseball Park: Fenway[1]

Hotdog Stand: Not uncommon in Rhode Island (and probably other parts of New England). I've seen Saugys[2] sold from food trucks in side-cut buns but it's the exception rather than the rule.

1: https://newengland.com/yankee/history/fenway-franks/

2: https://saugys.com/
by ryukafalz | 2025-05-23 20:55:49+00:00
There is a bit of a transition period; you have a lot more choice about what classes you're going to take in college than prior to that for example, and you're to a large degree choosing your own path there. But graduating is still the end of a structured path that you've been in nearly your whole life, so I think it's always going to feel pretty abrupt subjectively despite the fact that you have been acclimated a little bit over time.
by mcpherrinm | 2025-05-23 20:56:43+00:00
I’m the technical lead for the Let’s Encrypt SRE/infra team. So I spend a lot of time thinking about this.

The salt here is deserved! JSON Web Signatures are a gnarly format, and the ACME API is pretty enthusiastic about being RESTful.

It’s not what I’d design. I think a lot of that came via the IETF wanting to use other IETF standards, and a dash of design-by-committee.

A few libraries (for JWS, JSON and HTTP) go a long way to making it more pleasant but those libraries themselves aren’t always that nice, especially in C.

I’m working on an interactive client and accompanying documentation to help here too, because the RFC language is a bit dense and often refers to other documents too.
by skyyler | 2025-05-23 20:57:05+00:00
>1. Buy, repair, and flip MacBooks on eBay

No internet at the house in this scenario, so that's a lot of trips to the library.

>2. Do stuff on Fiverr

See above.

>3. Mow lawns 4. Clean gutters

These are both viable in the summer, provided there is some "landed elite" in the area that makes more than the $17/hr the gas stations pay. I guess you could shovel snow in the winter.

>5. Set up a little stand and sell baked goods or tamales

Doing that legally requires licenses and registration, but good idea. Do the people of upstate New York enjoy tamales?

>6. Make YouTube videos or shorts about (insert your nerdy interest)

The first point again.

>7. 3D print something and sell it on Etsy

The first point again.
by consumer451 | 2025-05-23 20:58:37+00:00
> And then immediately Trump says he's "recommending" 50% tariffs. [And this supposed "recommendation" comes via... Truth Social?] Further down CNBC even reports that the White House "did not interpret the president's post as a formal statement of policy."

Don't believe what POTUS writes on his own media platform, is the correct interpretation? Is it posturing, or dementia?

Additionally, The 250M trade imbalance mentioned in the tweet/truth/whatever about this, is around the cost of 4 years of security costs of POTUS's golf outings.

Please someone make this make sense. I really need to believe that there is sanity, somewhere in all of this.
by DrillShopper | 2025-05-23 20:59:15+00:00
> unless you're 18 you should, if you're playing the game correctly, be saving for retirement already, right?

I think you underestimate the financial resources of those who most need to take a route like this. They're not likely to have anything saved and likely have lot of debt, too. Which leads into...

> Social Security exists, and again, that check will be the same amount regardless of where you live in retirement

That is no longer a guarantee, and my retirement planning assumes that it will no longer exist in the near future. I have spent the last 25 years paying for it money I could have saved for retirement instead, and likely won't see a dime in return because the Republicans want it gone. We're realistically looking as a full elimination, means testing to receiveh benefits, massive cuts to benefits, or a work requirement (or some combination of these) all in the name of giving massive tax cuts to the group of people who will never have to work ever again in their lives, and neither will their children, grandchildren, and great grandchildren.

> moving out of the expensive market is one of the best ways to ensure a retirement secure from the worry of having to keep being economically productive till death

Let's constrain ourselves to just the location that the author of the original post suggested. How far away is the nearest hospital if I need treatment for cancer, a heart attack, or a stroke? What are the healthcare opportunities out there? Will friends and family be able to get out there to visit?

The author is so disconnected from reality that its wild that none of this crossed their minds. It just seems like a "those damn millennial and their avocado toast and Macbooks" instead of actually looking into what it means to move out there

The author also commits what to my parents, would be a cardinal sin - suggesting that the next generation have a worse quality of life than their parents, which used to be something that got you disqualified from running for dog catcher in most of this country.
by xp84 | 2025-05-23 20:59:26+00:00
You seem really certain that the older 'way of life' is categorically bad, but you seem very unhappy and angry in the life that you reject it in favor of.

Also, you can make any number of easy tweaks to his formula to allow you to have conveniences that would make your life orders of magnitude richer than the true 1910s were. For instance, a $3,000 car, Internet access, etc. Also, anyone coming into this experiment with savings from a few years of "big city work" has a huge amount of capital to play with to set themselves up. $200,000 in savings would give you $10k a year in interest income to live on at current rates, for instance.

The whole point is mainly one about being honest about WHY we have to work 40-60 hours a week so we can stretch to afford a million-dollar starter home, two luxury cars, designer clothes, and IG-worthy vacations. Some people would arguably be happier working little to not-at-all, or working for themselves to make $10k a year and devoting the rest of their time to whatever makes them happy. Why is that so offensive an idea?
by Calzifer | 2025-05-23 21:00:35+00:00
Arrays are fast and ArrayList is like a fancy array with bound check and auto grows. Only the grow part can be problematic if it has to grow very often. But that can be avoided by providing an appropriate initial size or reusing the ArrayList by using clear() instead of creating a new one. Both is used by OP in this project. Especially since the code copies lists quite often I would expect LinkedList to perform way worse.
by cortesoft | 2025-05-23 21:00:52+00:00
> Canonical S-expressions would have been far preferable, but for whatever reason the world didn’t go that way.

I feel like not understanding why JSON won out is being intentionally obtuse. JSON can easily be hand written, edited, and read for most data. Canonical S-expressions are not as easy to read and much harder to write by hand; having to prefix every atom with a length makes is very tedious to write by hand. If you have a JSON object you want to hand edit, you can just type... for an Canonical S-expression, you have to count how many characters you are typing/deleting, and then update the prefix.

You might not think the ability to hand generate, read, and edit is important, but I am pretty sure that is a big reason JSON has won in the end.

Oh, and the Ruby JSON parser handles that large number just fine.
Show HN: Doc2dict a fast, open-source document to dict converter – No AI
by jgfriedman1999 | 2025-05-23 21:01:50+00:00
doc2dict is a python package that converts html and pdf documents into dictionaries preserving hierarchy. It also supports table extraction for html files. https://github.com/john-friedman/doc2dict

Speed:

* html - 500 pages per second single threaded.

* pdf - 200 pages per second, pdf must have an underlying text structure. Multithreading is not possible due to the limitations of PDFium.

Here's an example output from Microsoft's Annual Report: > "title": "PART I", "standardized_title": "parti", "class": "part", "contents": { "38": { "title": "ITEM 1. BUSINESS", "standardized_title": "item1", "class": "item", "contents": { "39": { "title": "GENERAL", "standardized_title": "", "class": "predicted header", "contents": { "40": { "title": "Embracing Our Future", "standardized_title": "", "class": "predicted header", "contents": { "41": { "text": "Microsoft is a technolo...

Raw: https://html-preview.github.io/?url=https://raw.githubuserco...

Parsed dictionary: https://github.com/john-friedman/doc2dict/blob/main/example_...

Simple description of algorithm:

* Take complicated document such as pdf or html, and created a simplified representation for it as a list of a list of dicts where each dict is a text block with key features such as "bold", "font-size", etc and each line represents a new html block or line on a pdf.

* Convert the simplified representation to a dictionary using a set of predetermined rules, e.g. smaller font-size for a heading means it should be nested under the larger font-size heading.

Note that I am working on making the last part more modular by creating predetermined instructions that users can tweak for their use-case without rewriting the parser. I call these "mapping dicts".

doc2dict also includes visualization tools for the debugging process:

* visualize simplified representation https://html-preview.github.io/?url=https://github.com/john-...

* visualize output dictionary https://html-preview.github.io/?url=https://github.com/john-...

Why I made this: I'm currently working on another open source python package to make it easy to exploit Securities & Exchanges Commission data. Writing a generalized document parser that can be tweaked is easier than writing 100 or so specialized parsers for each document type.

Also, converting html and pdf files to dictionary representation reduces document size by a factor of 10 or so. Not sure what I can do with that, but planning on some fun NoSQL database experiments.

Link to other package (datamule) https://github.com/john-friedman/datamule-python
by hodder | 2025-05-23 21:03:31+00:00
Total nonsense. Political separation doesn't undue physical oil infrastructure. Crude would continue to flow as is, and trade deals would immediately be struck. Meanwhile, incremental pipeline capacity south would be rapidly approved while existing East/West expansion is hopeless under a Liberal government.

I am a physical oil trader and I buy 200,000 barrels of oil a day to supply refineries in Canada. I have also worked on financing for Energy East, Keystone XL, Northern Gateway, TMX and the Line 9 reversal in my career. Trust me when I say the Canadian government is the problem and Alberta would be MUCH better off from an oil perspective split off of Canada.
by ryoshu | 2025-05-23 21:03:52+00:00
Food is next level in the NYC area compare to most other places. It's not just pizza, it's Ethiopian, Afghani, Iranian, real Chinese food (Szechuan, Hunan, etc.). The music scene and clubs can't be beat outside of other major cities, if you're into that sort of thing. The museums and galleries too. It all exists if you want to find it.

You'll also find some of the most ambitious people in the world.

Does the cost of rent justify it? Depends on what you are looking to do.
by dustbunny | 2025-05-23 21:04:02+00:00
Agreed. Immediately after the election this was talked about heavily, but all the rural western Canadians I know are super pro-Canada and not in favor of separatism. It feels like it's even less popular now because of how nationalistic the boomer generation became during this election cycle.

As someone with deep connection to the rural roots of this place, this seperatism stuff feels fake.
by kergonath | 2025-05-23 21:04:24+00:00
> At a previous job I worked, there were lunchroom conversations among the younger developers (in their 20s), all of a leftist persuasion. They were convinced that people in the UK would be dying because there was no access to medicine (that came from the mainland), and even in some cases hunger (though they didn't go so far as to claim starvation).

That’s not really serious. I am not talking as serious the noise from people like Gisela Stuart, either. Though I still have a flyer that explains that 70 millions Syrians will invade the UK because Turkey was a candidate (!)

Listening to what politicians like Cameron (yuck) and Tory, Lib Dems and Labour remainers actually said is a different story. There still are recordings of debates and speeches, it’s not hidden. Most of them warned of severe consequences and little gains, not the end of the world.

If anything, remainers were not very good at playing the emotional card.

> For the rest of you it may be the case that the people saying these same things were online, and therefor suspect (as it should be), but for me these were real-life conversations that I overheard.

I was there, I remember very well. I split my time between London and Newcastle at the time, talk about worlds apart…
by bergie | 2025-05-23 21:04:34+00:00
Berlin Museum of Technology has a Zuse Z1 replica among other things

Konrad Zuse finished his Z1 in 1938. The computer was freely programmable. It worked by controlling mechanical switching elements that pushed metal pins into two different positions: position “0” and position “1.” This binary principle is still the basis of every computer.

https://technikmuseum.berlin/en/exhibitions/permanent-exhibi...
by dvfjsdhgfv | 2025-05-23 21:05:00+00:00
That's correct. However, it is almost meaningless in practice as it might as well mean that, say, 99,99% of the content is 2 years old and older, and only 0,01 was trained just before that date. So if you need functionality that's dependent on new information, you have to test it for each particular component you need.

Unfortunately I work with new APIs all the time and the cutoff date is of no much use.
by xp84 | 2025-05-23 21:05:11+00:00
> suggesting that the next generation have a worse quality of life than their parents

To me, it's advocating that "number of dollars you earn per year" and "number of dollars spent on luxuries" is not so simply correlated with "quality of life." That's one aspect, but "number of dollars it takes to satisfy each level of Maslow's pyramid in the place you live" and "number of hours you have to work" and "how stressful is your work" are huge contributors to whether you can be happy (have a good QoL).

Many people work 40-60 hours per week and hate every minute of it, despite earning six figures. Some of those people might be much happier working 5 hours a week and living in the country.
by eadmund | 2025-05-23 21:06:30+00:00
Because canonical S-expressions don’t have numbers, just atoms (i.e., byte sequences) and lists. It is up to the using code to interpret "34" as the string "34" or the number 34 or the number 13,108 or the number 13,363, which is part of the protocol being used. In most instances, the byte sequence is probably a decimal number.

Now, S-expressions as used for programming languages such as Lisp do have numbers, but again Lisp has bignums. As for parsers of Lisp S-expressions written in other languages: if they want to comply with the standard, they need to support bignums.
by xp84 | 2025-05-23 21:06:43+00:00
My smartphone plan is $45 (happens to be same company as article suggests, US Mobile) and supports 50GB of tethering which is plenty. This doesn't appreciably change the cost of living but yes, obviously you'd have that as an expense. Who cares? Yes, it would enable like half those work ideas. You could afford it. What's the problem.

> licenses and stuff

What? No, nobody selling tamales outside in the country (or probably the city either) has a formal license to do so. Nobody cares unless they're trying to get you shut down because you're being a jerk (say, selling them right outside their restaurant). Also, what if I told you, you could pick whatever kind of food the people in the area do like, and teach yourself to make it?