MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by pmyteh | 2025-05-20 18:51:23+00:00
Yes - to a surprising extent. The best diagram I've seen overlays them[0]. The British gauges are the smaller ones starting with W - with W6 being available essentially everywhere and the higher numbers on specially cleared routes to make it easier to move larger freight containers. GA and GB are standard Western European gauges: both taller and wider.

There's a surprising amount of global variation as much of this stuff wasn't standardised until after most railways were built. AIUI that's even true in the US, where the routes in the West can often take double-stacked containers and Amtrak's Superliners, and further East they often can't.

[0]: https://rfg.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Loading-Gauge....
by onlyrealcuzzo | 2025-05-20 18:51:49+00:00
AI used to be quite bad at coding just - what - 2 years ago?

Now it's "good enough" for a lot of cases (and the pace of improvement is astounding).

AI is still not great at image gen and video gen, but the pace of improvement is impressive.

I'm skeptical image, video, and sound gen are "too difficult" for AI to get "good enough" at for many use cases within the next 5 years.
by jjcm | 2025-05-20 18:52:48+00:00
It finally feels like the professional tools have greatly outpaced the open source versions. While wan and hunyuan are solid free options, the latest from Google and Runway have started to feel like a league above. Interestingly it feels like the biggest differentiator is editing tools - ability to prompt motion, direction, cuts, or weaving in audio, rather than just pure ability to one shot.

These larger companies are clearly going after the agency/hollywood use cases. It'll be fascinating to see when they become the default rather than a niche option - that time seems to be drawing closer faster than anticipated. The results here are great, but they're still one or two generations off.
by tabbott | 2025-05-20 18:52:57+00:00
Some of the quotes in the article try to blame some of the harm from Coinbase's data breach on "know your customer" regulations. It's such self-serving nonsense.

Society is within its rights to demand that financial institutions both (1) protect their customers' sensitive personal information and (2) fight money laundering, which AFAIK is impractical without KYC rules at institutions like Coinbase that connect crypto to the traditional monetary system.
by pepinator | 2025-05-20 18:53:23+00:00
The notion of being uniformly distributed has a very specific meaning in mathematics [1]. If you don't believe me, maybe you believe Tao [2].

[1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equidistribution_theorem

[2] https://terrytao.wordpress.com/2020/01/25/equidistribution-o...
by onlyrealcuzzo | 2025-05-20 18:53:24+00:00
Probably a better link: https://developers.googleblog.com/en/introducing-gemma-3n/

Gemma 3n is a model utilizing Per-Layer Embeddings to achieve an on-device memory footprint of a 2-4B parameter model.

At the same time, it performs nearly as well as Claude 3.7 Sonnet in Chatbot Arena.
by lblume | 2025-05-20 18:53:35+00:00
I tried giving this to ChatGPT. (Just by uploading the image to the base OpenAI interface.) I expected to either (a) have the model already know the question and give the right answer, (b) hallucinate an answer or (c) refuse to engage with the problem at all.

Instead, this happened:

https://chatgpt.com/share/682cce62-c53c-8003-be2c-2929395868...

Basically, the model confidently outputs a guess, then calculates it, determines it to be incorrect, and repeatedly tries again, even repeating the same guesses over and over. It does not recognize any symmetry and acts like a completely unstructured agent. In the end, the model vehemently asserts there to be no solutions to this puzzle. I really did not expect this and will update my beliefs accordingly if the models behave as badly with future puzzles.
by ninininino | 2025-05-20 18:54:33+00:00
It's pretty intentional.

I think CEOs or PMs or Founders are like horse jockeys. Devs are like horses. (Some of them are both the jockey and the horse).

AI is a car. CEO or PM or Founder might smoothly swap out the horse for a car and continue on with little change.

For the horse to become a driver of a car is a more difficult challenge, but not impossible. It needs to evolve.
by testplzignore | 2025-05-20 18:55:41+00:00
In my opinion, the original sin of Spring Boot Actuator is allowing server.port and management.server.port to be the same. It makes it too convenient for developers to skip the security review that would be done for opening a non-standard port.

I think it would be wise to either disallow the ports being the same, or if they are the same, only enable the health endpoint.
by umutisik | 2025-05-20 18:55:44+00:00
If data did live on a manifold contained, e.g. images in R^{n^2}, then it wouldn't have thickness or branching, which it does. It's an imperfect approximation to help think about it. The use of mathematical language is not the same as an application of mathematics (and the use of the word 'space' there is not about topology).
by colinmcd | 2025-05-20 18:55:50+00:00
As you allude to: your aliased "zod-next" dependency wouldn't be able to satisfy the requirements of any packages with a peer dep on Zod. But this approach has a more fundamental flaw. My goal is to let ecosystem libraries support Zod 3 and Zod 4 simultaneously. There's no reliable way to do that if they aren't in the same package.[0]

[0] https://github.com/colinhacks/zod/issues/4371
by Ancapistani | 2025-05-20 18:56:21+00:00
I'm coming from a different political bias than most here, as an Anarcho-Capitalist. To put it bluntly and very broadly, think of my perspective as extreme right-libertarian.

I think frontier model companies are finding that their base models exhibit some problematic "views". I don't have direct knowledge here, but here's a hypothetical example to illustrate my theory:

_NOTE_: I'm trying to illustrate a point here, not stating a political or social view. This is technical point, not a political/ethical one. Please don't take this as a statement of my own beliefs -- that is explicitly not my intent.

---

Let's say ChatGPT 4o, before fine-tuning, would confidently state that a black male is more likely to be convicted of a violent crime than a white male. Considering only demographic and crime statistics, that's true. It's also likely not what the user was asking, and depending on presentation could represent a huge reputational risk to OpenAI.

So OpenAI would then presumably build and maintain a set of politically-sensitive prompts and their desired responses. That set would then be used to fine-tune and validate the model's outputs, adjusting them until the model no longer makes "factually true but incorrect and potentially socially abhorrent" statements.

The impacts of this tuning are only validated within the scope of their test set; who know what impact they have on other responses. That's, at best, handled by a more general test set.

My theory here is that frontier model companies are unintentionally introducing "left-wing bias" in an attempt to remove what is seen as "right-wing bias", but is actually a lack of emotional intelligence and/or awareness of social norms.
by Pfeil | 2025-05-20 18:56:33+00:00
I always disliked the chaos that happens quickly with application windows, and loved the idea of tiling. But none of them really worked for me practically until I found PaperWM around a year ago or so (gnome extension). It has few core shortcuts and feels more natural. Like you would really arrange applications directly on your desk. It does not limit itself by your screen width and has the nice default that a new window appears to the right of the current window (configurable). You seldomly have the need to re-arrange windows, because the default just fits 99% of all cases. In addition, you still have the comfort of gnome. No hacky config files just to get wifi working or so. For work we have OSX, and I am really missing it there (I am using rectangle there instead). https://github.com/paperwm/PaperWM?tab=readme-ov-file#usage
by srean | 2025-05-20 18:57:17+00:00
Surfaces certainly have a topology (potentially more than one), surfaces are examples of one kind of a topological space, in fact the next interesting one after a curve. So I will not be surprised at all with co-occurrences of 'surface' and 'topology'. But surfaces and topologies mean different things.

Dogs have fur. Dogs are an example of a furry animal. But dogs and furs are not the same thing although they may appear in the same text often.

Topology is a traditional as well as an active branch of applied and pure mathematics, well, Physics too.

It has tons of text books printed on it, has several active journals and conferences dealing with it. https://www.amazon.com/s?k=Topology&sprefix=topology+%2Caps%...

Surprise, surprise ...not ...has an extensive Wikipedia page.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topology

Math magazines for high schoolers have articles on it. Colleges offer multiple courses on it. Some of those courses would be mandatory for a degree in even undergrad mathematics.

If one wants to do graduate studies then one can do a Masters or a PhD in Topology, well in one of it's many branches.

It's also not a new kid on the block. It goes back to ... analysis situs ... further back to Leibniz, although it began to crystalize formally after Poincare.

If someone wants to use the phrase 'differential calculus' to mean something else in their love letters and sweet nothings, that's absolutely fine :) but in Maths (and Machine Learning, well, with quality of peer reviewing this might soon be iffy) it has a well established and unambiguous meaning.

Note because of its shared beginning at the feet of Leibniz, comparing it with calculus is not an unfair comparison.
by alephnerd | 2025-05-20 18:57:32+00:00
The EU complains about China Shock equally as much as the US [0][1][2][3][4][5][6]

Just becuase Trump burnt bridges with the EU doesn't mean that EU member states will gladly allow job losses across Europe's industrial heartland to a country that is supplying a direct competitor (Russia) that has conducted grey zone warfare within the EU

The EU and it's member states are all working on building domestic capacity, and pushing Chinese manufacturers to manufacture WITHIN the EU [7][8], and further diversifying by making FTAs with ASEAN [9][10], Japan [11], SK [12], India [13], etc.

In essence, nothing has materially changed in European policy with regards to China compared to under the Biden administration.

Chinese overproduction is a global issue now, and most major economies and blocs have enacted barriers and will continue to do so unless China removes it's barriers to imports, subsidizes, and technology transfers.

[0] - https://ecfr.eu/publication/electric-shock-the-chinese-threa...

[1] - https://www.cer.eu/publications/archive/policy-brief/2025/ho...

[2] - https://www.gmfus.org/news/watching-china-europe-may-2025

[3] - https://www.chathamhouse.org/2021/07/eus-unsustainable-china...

[4] - https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/blog/date/2024/html/ecb.blog...

[5] - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp/13259/hit-by-the-silk-ro...

[6] - https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-05-15/eu-econom...

[7] - https://www.economist.com/europe/2024/09/19/near-shoring-is-...

[8] - https://www.bruegel.org/sites/default/files/2024-07/The%20EU...

[9] - https://www.reuters.com/world/china/sweden-propose-eu-member...

[10] - https://www.ft.com/content/bee31826-012d-4bb1-a6eb-d6cc0d4ef...

[11] - https://policy.trade.ec.europa.eu/eu-trade-relationships-cou...

[12] - https://trade.ec.europa.eu/access-to-markets/en/content/eu-s...

[13] - https://apnews.com/article/india-eu-modi-ursula-von-der-leye...
by neilv | 2025-05-20 18:57:45+00:00
Thanks, I'm having a little trouble understanding the gap between quick notes and the AI-generated full report.

I worked on safety reporting in another domain, and in that domain, I can't immediately think of how AI could fill in the gaps from notes safely. Every detail of observation, interpretation, and suggestion mattered.

Maybe what you're doing with the construction domain reports is different, or you have found the right line for what you do and don't do?

For example, are you only generating boilerplate parts that fabricate zero observation information? Say, if the note is "rebar exposed, south wall", then that becomes a sentence without anything added, and the rest of the paragraph is copied verbatim from professional standards about what this means?

Or maybe there is potential for the AI to do harm (e.g., an LLM component hallucinates a typical description of exposed rebar, that adds or subtracts some important fact), but you trust the engineer to read closely and catch that every time before they stamp (rather than "rubber-stamp").
by horsawlarway | 2025-05-20 18:58:00+00:00
I'm saying that "free speech" means they can say things without being intentionally targeted for removal by the government.

These people aren't illegal immigrants - we're talking about revoking the visas for people here legally under visa programs.

So go answer the question (or keep desperately refusing to...):

Why should a visa holder be targeted and removed for making use of their free speech? How does that reconcile in your head with "I'm all for free speech".

---

> Do you think that saying things that I don't like should de facto grant you citizenship?

This is... gently put - A stupid fucking response. I'm saying that a visa holder shouldn't be removed or otherwise punished for making speech. I think speech shouldn't really impact their visa outside of some clear and sane limits (ex - if they advocate violently overthrowing the US government... sure, lets talk about that visa).

They are here legally with legal visa - why do you confidently proclaim that you are for free speech if you believe that their speech should result in revoked visas?

That's not free speech. That's curtailed speech. AKA - you are not pro free speech.
by schoen | 2025-05-20 18:58:02+00:00
In Latin it's somewhat usual to use the past perfect of "to live" to indicate that someone has died.

In Dido's last speech in the Aeneid, before committing suicide, one of the things she says is "vixi" ("I have lived"). Cicero is also known to have used "vixerunt" ("they have lived") as a euphemism for reporting on how he had people executed.

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vixerunt

So maybe this is a classicism in French, or maybe the author just thought of it spontaneously.

Latin also has a future perfect like this ("vixero", "I will have lived"), but I can't think of an example of people using it to talk about imminent deaths.
by hugs | 2025-05-20 18:58:03+00:00
"testing in production" can be controversial, but this is a well-balanced take on it.

lately i've been working on a decentralized production testing network called 'valet network' [1] (full-disclosure: selenium creator here)

i suspect production tests are the killer app for this kind of network: test any site on a real device from anywhere on idle devices that more closely match real world conditions, but as mentioned in the article, it's not that simple. dev users will still need to be smart about creating test data and filtering out the tests from system logs. i'm still in the "is this something people want?" learning phase, even though this is definitely something i want and wish i had when i was helping to fix healthcare.gov back in 2013/2014.

[1]: https://gist.github.com/hugs/7ba46b32d3a21945e08e78510224610...
by toomuchtodo | 2025-05-20 18:58:28+00:00
EV sales will be 25% of global light vehicle sales this year (five years ahead of 2030 predictions). I would ask that you provide counterfactual evidence this is not detrimental to Honda's long term survival as an automaker. Only ~17-18M units are sold annually in the US of light vehicles, there simply isn't enough combustion TAM for everyone who doesn't want to sell EVs to survive. Forward looking, the combustion vehicle TAM will only compress over time.

Ranked: Automakers by U.S. Market Share - https://www.visualcapitalist.com/ranked-automakers-by-u-s-ma... (Honda has ~9% of US market share)

U.S. Electric Vehicle Sales Increase More Than 10% Year Over Year in Q1: GM Drives EV Growth While Tesla Declines - https://www.coxautoinc.com/market-insights/q1-2025-ev-sales/ - April 10th, 2025

1 in 4 cars sold in 2025 will be EVs, and that’s just the beginning - https://electrek.co/2025/05/13/1-in-4-cars-sold-in-2025-will... - May 13th, 2025

Wikipedia: Electric car market share by country - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_car_use_by_country#Ma...

IEA Global EV Outlook 2025 - https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2025 - May 2025

> Electric car sales in 2025 are expected to exceed 20 million worldwide to represent more than one-quarter of cars sold worldwide. Sales were up 35% year-on-year in the first three months of 2025, with record first-quarter sales in all major markets. In China, the continuation of incentives for replacing older vehicles and falling electric car prices mean electric cars are projected to reach around 60% of total car sales in the country in 2025. Emissions standards in the European Union and the United Kingdom will require higher shares of zero-emission car sales in 2025. Building on more than 20% year-on-year sales growth observed in the first quarter, these policy pushes are expected to drive up electric car sales in Europe in 2025 to reach a sales share of 25%, despite flexibility given to automakers for meeting the 2025 EU emissions reduction target. While the 2025 outlook for electric car sales in the United States is uncertain based on today’s policy direction, sales are currently expected to maintain the 10% growth observed in the first quarter; as consumers take advantage of existing tax credits in view of their potential repeal, electric car sales are projected to reach 11% of total car sales over the full year. In emerging economies other than China, sales are expected to continue growing strongly, increasing by 50% to reach 1 million in 2025.
by pier25 | 2025-05-20 18:58:41+00:00
> Why do you treat adding a feature (npm compatibility) like you’re losing something?

Because they are losing something.

All the time and money they are investing into node compat could have been used towards a Deno first party ecosystem. It's not like they have hundreds millions to spare. Deno is a small company with limited resources.

People kept complaining that they couldn't use Deno with NPM packages so Deno ended up focusing in providing faster horses.
by vonneumannstan | 2025-05-20 18:58:44+00:00
I think broadly my problem with your position is that it amounts to wishful thinking. Theres no reason to think we end up in a Culture future by default, quite the opposite. Theres many reasons to think the default for building superintelligence is bad for humanity and probably bad for the entire universe.

Alignment by default is to me a pipe-dream so if we want a future for humanity we need to forcefully fight for it.
by foxyv | 2025-05-20 18:58:45+00:00
Typically the way these codes are compromised is when they are stored in a non-HSM location like Google drive or transferred somehow. Then again, if you are just trying to keep people out of your Facebook account it's not a big deal. But if you are trying to keep people from financial accounts I wouldn't recommend transferring TOTP keys. Instead using a backup method like a printed out one time use sheet would be better.

Unfortunately most such websites use KBA or Text based authentication as a backup for TOTP so you may as well just stick it in Google drive.
by codalan | 2025-05-20 18:58:49+00:00
In an ideal world, I'd just use Yubikeys for everything. The problem is that it's not universally supported (or only supports a limited number of keys), so now I have a hodgepodge of 2FA app or Yubikeys or, even worse, phone/email 2FA.

The great thing about Yubikeys is that I can associate backup keys for accounts (when they are supported), so if I lose one key, I can deactivate the lost key and use a backup key in its place.

With heavily locked-down 2FA apps, I have to hope I can do a full recovery on a new device, or go through the recovery code process, or start all over again w/ new 2FA codes. If I'm lucky, the app allowed me to have it installed onto a backup device.

It's way more complicated that just swapping in a new Yubikey.
by qingcharles | 2025-05-20 18:58:59+00:00
I worked for a company with millions of users that had plaintext passwords in the DB. The login had been rolled from scratch in the days before you could get decent, tested off-the-shelf code for their particular stack. There were always so many fires to put out and projects to keep the wages being paid that it never got looked at. It got bought by Microsoft and eventually they just consumed the whole thing somehow, so it's gone now.

It did allow me to cheekily run a SQL GROUP BY once to see what the most common passwords were, though. Top password was actually "trustno1" IIRC, followed by all the usual suspects, e.g. abcdefg, 12345678 etc. (there were no meaningful password rules)
by mrguyorama | 2025-05-20 18:59:06+00:00
You don't need LTSC, you just need Windows Pro versions.

Lots of people bitch and moan about Windows problems that only exist because they buy the cheaper "Home" or whatever license and complain that Microsoft made different product decisions for average users than for people who have bought the explicitly labeled "power user" version.

Remember, the average computer user IS a hostile entity to Microsoft. They will delete System32 and then cry that Windows is so bad! They will turn off all antivirus software and bitch about Windows being insecure. They refuse to update and then get pwned and complain. They blame Microsoft for all the BSODs that were caused by Nvidia's drivers during the Vista era. They will follow a step by step procedure in some random forum from ten years ago that tells them to turn off their entire swap file despite running with lots of RAM and spinning rust and then bitch that Windows is slow.

Don't expect Microsoft to not deal with morons using their software. Buy the Pro versions if you don't want the version meant for morons.
by jvanderbot | 2025-05-20 18:59:53+00:00
Well, we disagree fundamentally. And, I applaud the heavy handed use of condescension.

Logical propositions ("2+2=4 regardless of my certainty about it") seem a long way from necessary or sufficient to survival for animals. A fuzzy heatmap of "where is prey going" or "How many prey over there" is much closer to necessary and sufficient. The fact that measurements or senses can update those estimates is a long way from a logical deduction.

Something more like probability factor graph can do it, without the pernicious use of "concepts" or too much need for implication, which is sticky and overly rigorous.

That's all I have to say, and I doubt we'll find middle ground.