MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by jsaltzman20 | 2025-05-12 20:51:36+00:00
Key takeaways from the data on the companies already operating across the categories outlined in YC's Summer 2025 Request for Startups:

1) "The next OpenAI" – AI Research Labs are hot but... only if you can hire the required specialized expertise that most founding teams lack. The technical barrier creates natural defensibility for those who can attract the right talent.

2) The Internal Agent Builders sector has the second highest average company health (Mosaic 496) but one of the lowest average commercial maturity scores (2.2). The infrastructure layer remains underbuilt relative to the attention that agents as a whole are receiving.

3) Everyone is building in and investing in Healthcare AI. Healthcare AI has seen the most early-stage investments this year (75 companies) and has the highest average commercial maturity (3.2). All this activity suggests oversaturation. Yes, healthcare remains an unsolved trillion-dollar problem, but there can only be so many companies that succeed... expect competition and consolidation ahead.

4) There is opportunity in the middle. Voice AI, AI Personal Assistants, and Software for Robots have seen balanced attention and new market entrants this year. Advancements and mega rounds at the foundational levels for these sectors (ex: ElevenLabs and Cartesia in voice, foundational model advancements for Personal Assistants, and projected $2.3B funding for humanoid robots in 2025) are laying a strong foundation for a wave of new companies.

5) Found/fund where the competition is least and the demand is clear. The bottom three sectors across education, tutoring, and residential security are also the most ripe for disruption. I still see yard signs for security systems. I still see kids doing times-tables on binder paper. I just overheard a wine-drunk group of parents complaining about how much they spent on SAT prep. The pain points are there and the competition isn't.

YC's Summer 2025 RFS isn't just about following the money or chasing the least crowded spaces – it highlights where technological readiness, market demand, and structural opportunity overlap. Many of these sectors are where the next wave of transformative AI companies will emerge.

Which sectors and companies are you watching most closely?
by thaumasiotes | 2025-05-12 20:51:38+00:00
>> 1. It's now possible to get a taxi when it's raining.

> Why would this make so much of a difference? I'm very curious.

I have no idea.† But the fact remains that traditional taxis in Shanghai (1) leave the streets when it's raining; (2) won't stop for you when it's raining if you do see one that hasn't pulled its disappearing act yet; and (3) won't let you in even if they have stopped for you and learned where you want to go. And believe me, getting stranded in the rain sucks.

Rain is common in Shanghai at all times of the year, by the way.

† That is, I have no idea why taxi drivers refuse to take passengers when it's raining. It's obvious why taxi apps will still do so - the app allows you to contact them at all times.
by jonplackett | 2025-05-12 20:51:46+00:00
These types of ‘security’ blockers are so dumb because they train people to act dumb. Even if they’re real, the next time they may not be.

It’s like how my bank often calls and wants me to give them my personal info for ‘data protection’ before we can speak. These are legit bank calls, training people to give out personal info to strangers.
by OptionOfT | 2025-05-12 20:51:52+00:00
Most, if not all of these service are billed before you get access. Ergo, if they cannot bill you, they can immediately revoke access.

The system is built in such a way that they get a lot of information about you (e.g. SSN for internet access) subsequently used to ensure cancellation is extremely painful.

If they didn't have this information, failure to bill would be immediate service pausing/termination, so it's not even that non-payment results in money lost for the company.

For email accounts I create burners. I wish I could do the same in real life.
by astura | 2025-05-12 20:52:08+00:00
>I wonder if it was unable to read your report, and just answered as if role-playing?

FWIW,

This is what chatgpt gave me when I uploaded a lab report, it read the results back to me:

Here’s an interpretation of the blood test results you provided:

White Blood Cell Count (WBC) Value: 9.2 (Normal: 3.8 - 10.8 Thousand/uL)

Within the normal range, indicating no immediate signs of infection or inflammation.

Red Blood Cell Count (RBC) Value: 5.29 (Normal: 3.8 - 5.1 Million/uL)

Elevated (High). This could indicate dehydration, stress, or other conditions like polycythemia.

Hemoglobin Value: 10.9 (Normal: 11.7 - 15.5 g/dL)

Low. Suggests anemia, possibly due to iron deficiency or chronic disease.

Hematocrit Value: 36.0% (Normal: 35.0 - 45.0%)

Within the normal range, but on the lower side, supporting the presence of mild anemia.

Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) Value: 68.1 (Normal: 80.0 - 100.0 fL)

Low. Indicates microcytic anemia, often due to iron deficiency.

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) Value: 20.6 (Normal: 27.0 - 33.0 pg)

Low. Suggests hypochromia (paler red blood cells), often associated with iron-deficiency anemia.

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) Value: 30.3 (Normal: 32.0 - 36.0 g/dL)

Slightly low. May reflect reduced hemoglobin in red blood cells, consistent with iron-deficiency anemia.

Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) Value: 15.8% (Normal: 11.0 - 15.0%)

Elevated. Indicates variability in red blood cell size, common in iron-deficiency anemia.

Platelet Count Value: 397 (Normal: 140 - 400 Thousand/uL)

Normal, but on the higher side of the range.

Other Key Metrics Absolute Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Basophils: All within normal ranges, suggesting no significant abnormalities in immune cell populations.

Anisocytosis (1+): Indicates variation in red blood cell size.

Hypochromasia (1+): Suggests pale red blood cells, supporting iron-deficiency anemia.

Summary These results suggest iron-deficiency anemia, characterized by low hemoglobin, low MCV, low MCH, and high RDW. The elevated red blood cell count may reflect compensatory mechanisms or mild dehydration.

Your provider recommends a heart-healthy, low-fat diet, which is great for overall health. However, addressing the anemia might also involve increasing dietary iron or taking iron supplements.

The diagnosis is wrong, btw, I don't have iron deficiency. The anemia is caused by a genetic condition called thalassemia, which has been verified by genetic tests. You can use the Mentzer Index to differentiate the two on a simple CBC - https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/10534/mentzer-index

Mine numbers return a "probable diagnosis."

I was wondering if chatgpt would catch it, nope, it didn't. It did say that it was a possibility once I suggested it though.
Show HN: I Built Regiapadel.com: A Padel Tournament Manager
by hersoncruz | 2025-05-12 20:52:14+00:00
I created RegiaPadel.com, an ultra-light Americano padel tournament manager built from scratch with vanilla JavaScript, and no frameworks. My journey to scratch my own itch and deliver a practical, blazing-fast app for players and organizers. The blog post where i talk about it is here: https://tinyref.co/regia
by superkuh | 2025-05-12 20:52:20+00:00
It's like thinking the greatest musicians of all time have reliable expert opinions on audio electronics. Sure, it's technically music related but the skill set doesn't really transfer to, say, ADC design.

I'm not saying I'm great. If we go back to my original comment which started this thread, I'm saying this group has few relevant qualifications besides celebrity and profit lust. Which means even I know more than them about generative and LLM AI training, and the regulatory implications, despite just being a "hobbyist" in the domain.
by DangitBobby | 2025-05-12 20:52:56+00:00
The article is trying to say Americans are dying more than they have to because we don't invest in safe infrastructure. With that framing, a solution would be to invest in safer infrastructure. But if it turns out we did the wrong thing because we used the wrong metric and spent a bunch of money on it, it would be a gigantic waste. If the reason is because we drive more than other countries, that's what we should try to address.
by threeseed | 2025-05-12 20:53:02+00:00
> A lot of BigQuery users would be surprised to find they don't need BigQuery.

No they wouldn't.

a) BigQuery is the only managed, supported solution on GCP for SQL based analytical workloads. And they are using it because they started with GCP and then chose BigQuery.

b) I have supported hundreds of Data Scientists over the years using Spark and it is nothing like BigQuery. You need to have much more awareness of how it all fits together because it is sitting on a JVM that when exposed to memory pressure will do a full GC and kill the executor. When this happens at best your workload gets significantly slower and at worst your job fails.
by Ar-Curunir | 2025-05-12 20:53:07+00:00
I don't think academics view ATC as particularly highly prestigious. Just within systems there are many other conferences which are either more, or just as, prestigious as ATC: OSDI, SOSP, NSDI, SIGMOD, VLDB, SIGCOMM, EuroSys. Especially the first three are viewed to be much higher prestige than ATC, at least from my perspective.
by hnfong | 2025-05-12 20:53:10+00:00
If innovation can be reliably reproduced, it wouldn't be innovation.

All stories about great inventions happen in the same way: being in the right place and the right time under the right circumstances. In other words, you can curate the "right" environment all you want, but you still need quite a bit of luck. And success does not imply it can be repeated.

Btw, the latest round of significant technological advancements came from a monopoly as well. After all it was mostly in Google that AI researchers did most of the pioneering work in AI in recent years.
by ryao | 2025-05-12 20:53:14+00:00
> I see this is fallacy, there are a ton of industrial processes that use a ton of power just to produce heat. A great early use case for fusion will directly use the heat for these industrial processes. For example, aluminum requires ~14-17MWh to produce 1 ton... If you use the heat directly you reduce your processes inefficiency by removing the conversions: heat to steam to electric to heat.

The other guy was correct while you are the one who posted the fallacy. If using heat from nuclear sources to drive aluminum production were feasible, people would already be doing it using heat from HTGR reactors rather than waiting for nuclear fusion reactors to be made. The reason it is not feasible is because the heat is an output, not an input. The actual input is electricity, which is what drives the reaction. The 940–980°C temperatures reached during the reaction are from the electricity being converted into heat from resistive losses.

It should be noted that production nuclear fusion reactors would be even more radioactive than nuclear fission reactors in terms of total nuclear waste production by weight. The only reason people think otherwise is that the hypothetical use of helium-3 fuel would avoid it, but getting enough helium-3 fuel to power even a test reactor is effectively an impossibility. There are many things that are hypothetically attainable if all people in the world decide to do it. The permanent elimination of war, crime and poverty are such things. Obtaining helium-3 in the quantity needed for a single reactor is not.

However, the goal of powering the Hall–Héroult process from a nuclear fusion reactor is doable. Just use solar panels. Then it will be powered by the giant fusion reactor we have in the sky. You would want to add batteries to handle energy needs when the sun is not shining or do a grid tie connection and let the grid operator handle the battery needs.

Finally, industrial processes that actually need heat at high temperatures (up to around 950°C if my searches are accurate) as input could be served by HTGR reactors. If they are not already using them, then future fusion reactors will be useless for them, since there is no future in sight where a man made fusion reactor is a cheaper energy source than a man made fission reactor. Honestly, I suspect using solar panels to harness energy from the giant fusion reactor in the sky is a more cost effective solution than the use of any man-made reactor.
by Taikonerd | 2025-05-12 20:53:21+00:00
This is the idea behind the "Zoe" service: https://zoe.com/en-us

1. You wear a CGM for 2 weeks, and log everything you eat.

2. At the end, you get a personalized report about how different foods that you ate affect you, personally. And they can extrapolate to other foods that you didn't eat during the testing period.

3. Zoe's model gets better and better the more people sign up, and the more data they get.
by zeroxfe | 2025-05-12 20:53:32+00:00
I've never used LLMs for this, but as someone who's been through a lot of sports-related injuries, I find doctors more or less useless (except for prescribing painkillers and performing surgeries.)

No doctor or physio has ever been able to fix my chronic issues, and I've always had to figure them out myself through lots of self-study and experimentation.
by hbn | 2025-05-12 20:55:04+00:00
As of the latest macOS update, every app is now asking every few days if it can have access to devices on your local network, or something to that tune. My theory right now is it's something in chromium that automatically asking for this and Electron apps will do this out of the box, but I can't remember which apps exactly have been doing this.

Regardless, yes it causes the exact issue you're talking about. I don't even read what the popups say anymore, I'm just blindly hitting an accept button.
by hdivider | 2025-05-12 20:55:29+00:00
I fail to understand the sentiment here.

This is the intention of tech transfer. To have private-sector entities commercialize the R&D.

What is the alternative? National labs and universities can't commercialize in the same way, including due to legal restrictions at the state and sometimes federal level.

As long as the process and tech transfer agreements are fair and transparent -- and not concentrated in say OpenAI or with underhanded kickbacks to government -- commercialization will benefit productive applications of AI. All the software we're using right now to communicate sits on top of previous, successful, federally-funded tech transfer efforts which were then commercialized. This is how the system works, how we got to this level.
by dreghgh | 2025-05-12 20:55:35+00:00
There are many cultural centers in the West End, Kensington, and boroughs outside the City, but none of them are 10 or 15 minutes from the Barbican center (hence your not being able to name a single one).

There is a theatre at Tottenham Court Road. It is over 30 minutes away from the Barbican centre by foot (but about 10 minutes by Elizabeth line).

The nearest major art gallery to TCR is not in Soho, but 15-20 minutes from Tottenham Court Road. There are two other major galleries closer to the Barbican than anywhere near Soho. Both are at least 25 minutes by foot and at least 25 minutes by tube.

There isn't an auditorium in Soho, unless you can name one? St-Martin-in-the-fields is no closer than the National portrait gallery, 20 min by foot or 15 by bus from TCR. Easily 25-30 minutes from the Barbican centre by any means of transport.

Likewise there are several repertory cinemas in Soho but none of them are 0 minutes from Tottenham Court Road.

Your claim of 15 minutes by foot was completely laughable. My claim of around 30 minutes in each case was accurate.
by will-bradley | 2025-05-12 20:55:37+00:00
I agree, the issue is that the map data is highly customized. I believe StreetComplete uses online map tiles so that's less of a concern, but i.e. with Organic Maps the map data is highly tied to the app version: support for a data entry needs both app/rendering/logic support and presence in the data structure, and full forwards/backwards compatibility isn't always possible. The map files also need to be optimized for Organic Maps' speed/usability improvements over apps like OsmAnd: pre-indexing, etc. Maybe someday there's one standard format for it, but for now each app makes its own map files.

Also, mobile apps often have strict privacy lately around what files they can access: they're not just sitting on the filesystem, they're in access-controlled app-specific folders. That's good for privacy/security, but a dealbreaker for first-class sharing of information between apps.
by aziaziazi | 2025-05-12 20:56:03+00:00
Being paranoid, would it be possible that another app already installed (but not trusted enough to give privilege, let’s say a shady mouse driver or screenshot app) detect when slack (more trustfully) does launch to open a dialog at that precise time and deceive the user? Let’s say the shady app is named « SIack » or something close enough to be missed - but brand itself as innocents « screenshotPro4000 » in the app itself graphics so you’re not suspicious.
by EGreg | 2025-05-12 20:56:40+00:00
I once sent an email to Steve Jobs back in 2009 or so

I told him that the MacOS permissions dialog could easily be spoofed, and that Macs should have a secret phrase or icon that you choose that they’d display inside these dialogs, and prevent their screen capture like what they had been doing with their recent DRM features.

Never heard back from him

And it never got implemented. Any program can still continue to spoof it and grab your system password.
by olau | 2025-05-12 20:56:50+00:00
When you buy one, they come with the warning to drive around first without cargo. But yeah, you need to take it easy. Safe speed is perhaps 10-12 km/h on a bike path with other bicycles, and you need to slow down to almost a complete stop for 90 degrees turns.

Perhaps I should add to this that they're actually super stable at slow speeds, compared to two-wheelers, especially when loaded. My wife prefers a cargo bike to her usual non-cargo bike, I think for this very reason.
by anon291 | 2025-05-12 20:57:00+00:00
There is more fundamental ML research today than at any other point in history, including in non-transformer architectures. That is my point. It doesn't seem that way because 90%+ of 'ML research' has nothing to do with fundamental ML and is instead research around applications, which are indifferent to the underlying model at the end of the day. That was the point of my comment.
by spindump8930 | 2025-05-12 20:57:21+00:00
If you consider most of the dominate architectures in deeplearning type approaches, transformers are remarkably generic. If you reduce transformer like architectures to "position independent iterated self attention with intermediate transformations", they can support ~all modalities and incorporate other representations (e.g. convolutions, CLIP style embeddings, graphs or sequences encoded with additional position embeddings). On top of that, they're very compute friendly.

Two of the largest weaknesses seem to be auto-regressive sampling (not unique to the base architecture) and expensive self attention over very long contexts (whether sequence shaped or generic graph shaped). Many researchers are focusing efforts there!

Also see: https://www.isattentionallyouneed.com/
by newfocogi | 2025-05-12 20:57:40+00:00
Another recent AI article out of LANL: https://www.lanl.gov/media/publications/1663/1269-earl-lawre...

And discussed on HN: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43765207

This does feel like a step change in the rate at which modern AI technologies and programs are being pushed out in their PR.
by Animats | 2025-05-12 20:59:36+00:00
Bessent doesn't need to "save his career". He has a net worth somewhere above half a billion dollars, from his hedge fund days. He's 62. He has lots of options. He's taught economics, so he could get an academic appointment if he wanted one. Stanford and the Ivy League often get people like that in their later years.

The US Trade Representative, Jamieson Greer, was chief of staff for a previous USTR, as well as being an international trade lawyer. So he actually knows what he's doing. He's only 45. Trump may fire him, but he goes down in history as the guy who fixed the China trade mess, at least temporarily. He now has a good shot at a Cabinet position in the next administration.

If there's any sense left in the White House, those two will be allowed to do their job. These are the adults in the room. Not the 23 people the Trump Administration has hired from Fox News.[1]

That's a big "if".

[1] https://www.newsweek.com/full-list-fox-news-personalities-se...
by csa | 2025-05-12 21:00:48+00:00
> in the big welcome event for incoming 9th graders every mention of post high-school life was phrased as "college and career".

1. If the school pulled from a certain kind of socio-economic status population, then this is a reasonable broad statement to make.

2. In other cases, it may just be projection and/or lazy thinking.

3. The US fascination with college eduction, attributing it to higher earnings, conflates correlation with causation. Many of the folks who go to college will also have a financially bright future if they don’t go to college — for example, by monetizing their social network.

4. The case for defaulting to a college education is that many places use it as a filter for job applicants.

5. My recommendation to folks is either go to a school with a well-developed alumni and/or job placement network or go to the cheapest and easiest school that they have access to. Learning isn’t really part of the equation, since it will either be baked into the program they enter, or they can just embrace autonomous/independent learning. The quality of education at middling institutions is just not very good.

6. Note that I believe that the US is producing college graduates at about double the rate that we need. A quick search of data shows that ~40% of folks aged 25-29 in 2022 had a college degree. I think that number should probably be closer to 15-20%… maybe as low as 10%. The only way the waste in the system can be cut is probably from above — using a college degree as a job filter misaligns incentives, imho, and this won’t change easily.
by zxilly | 2025-05-12 21:00:56+00:00
Frankly, I think this program is ai generated.

1. there are hallucinatory descriptions in the Readme (make test), and also in the code, such as the rate limit set at line 158, which is the wrong number

2. all commits are done on github webui, checking the signature confirms this

3. too verbose function names and a 2000 line python file

I don't have a complaint about ai, but the code quality clearly needs improvement, the license only lists a few common examples, the thresholds for detection seem to be set randomly, _get_stargazers_graphql the entire function is commented out and performs no action, it says "Currently bypassed by get_ stargazers", did you generate the code without even reading through it?

Bad code like this gets over 100stars, it seems like you're doing a satirical fake-star performance art.
by cadamsdotcom | 2025-05-12 21:01:14+00:00
Your high speed rail argument is valid but it’s also a classic misdirection. I doubt you meant to say this, but it came across as “we can’t solve the hardest cases so no one should be trying to solve any of them - and everyone who wants them solved is clueless”. Saying things like that dooms big problems to stay unsolved forever.

Probably couldn’t get it done the exact way they do in Europe, but no need to give up before starting. LA to San Diego? Portland to Seattle? Or a slightly harder one, Chicago to Austin TX?
by threeseed | 2025-05-12 21:01:24+00:00
You should try using an S3 based shuffle plugin: https://github.com/IBM/spark-s3-shuffle

Then mount FSX for Lustre on all of your EMR nodes and have it write shuffle data there. It will massively improve performance and shuffle issues will disappear.

Is expensive though. But you can offset the cost now because you can run entirely Spot instances for your workers as if you lose a node there's no recomputation of the shuffle data.