MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by threeseed | 2025-05-23 10:46:49+00:00
John Carmack:

So I asked Ilya, their chief scientist, for a reading list. This is my path, my way of doing things: give me a stack of all the stuff I need to know to actually be relevant in this space.

And he gave me a list of like 40 research papers and said, 'If you really learn all of these, you'll know 90% of what matters today! And I did. I plowed through all those things and it all started sorting out in my head.
by passwordoops | 2025-05-23 10:47:07+00:00
No, the study is still ongoing. I can't find the link (and Google is functionally useless for finding original links) but Spain's power authority held an update last week where they gave a summary of events (where the failure first happened, where it spread to, etc) and if I understood correctly will have non-Spanish/French/Portuguese experts do the full investigation.

Still a ways away from understanding what happened
by metalman | 2025-05-23 10:47:28+00:00
It is likely that ,while a truss would be lighter and stronger, to counteract the forces encountered by a turbine it would also require a cross section so large, as to interfere with the blade travel, rendering the proposal, impossible. There are small wind turbines useing truss style towers, but they all have a "stub" tower on top, and they are under 10kw......10-15'blades. the wooden tower under discussion, is also "small" by todays standards, and unlike steel towers that can be made by any half respecting medium sized fabricator, will require a specialised industrial facility that cant make anything else usefull, and so the one that is doing this, is funded at great expense from government grant funding. kinda cool,kinda cringe
by roflcopter69 | 2025-05-23 10:47:49+00:00
I was just going to answer https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44071595 who mentioned exactly the same tweet.

I'm nowhere as good at my craft as someone who works for openai, which the author of that tweet seems to be, but if even I can see this, then it's bad, isn't it?
by sameermanek | 2025-05-23 10:48:03+00:00
But he did make good points though. AI was perceived more dangerous when only select few mega corps (usually backing each other) were pushing its capabilities.

But now, every $50B+ company seems to have their own model. Chinese companies have an edge in local models and the big tech seems to be fighting each other like cats and dogs for a tech which has failed to generate any profit while masses are draining the cash out from the companies with free usage and ghiblis.

What is the concrete business model here? Someone at google said "we have no moat" and i guess he was right, this is becoming more and more like a commodity.
by joshstrange | 2025-05-23 10:48:10+00:00
That’s probably asking for too much but I agree.

Here are some terms/aspects of LLMs that people _regularly_ use, yet 10 people have 10 definitions of what it means (to them)

- Vibe Coding

- Boilerplate

- Copilot

- Cursor/Aider/Claude Code/Codex/OpenHands/etc

- LLM Autocomplete and/or inline code suggestion

- LLM Agent

I’m happy to explain or expand on any of those if it’s not clear what I mean.
by arghwhat | 2025-05-23 10:48:18+00:00
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025_Iberian_Peninsula_blackou...

The root cause is not known, but Spain was producing excess power (primarily solar) at the time around the disconnect. Some fluctations were seen, then supply started to disconnect from the grid in Spain, leading to sudden loss of 2.2GW of power. In Spain, automatic load shedding then happened to try to recover, but it was too little too late as neighboring countries detached from Spain to protect their own grids.

Nothing about this sounds like an issue with renewables.
by Findecanor | 2025-05-23 10:50:11+00:00
I read through its instruction set manual, and found an instruction with unusual behaviour: Its 'ASL` (arithmetic shift left) instruction.

It shifts all bits except for the sign bit, leaving it unchanged.

I have read many ISA's manuals and not seen this elsewhere. Most ISAs don't have separate arithmetic and logic left shift instructions. On M68K, which does, the difference between `ASL` and `LSL' is only that the former sets the Overflow flag if any of the bits shifted out is different from the resulting sign bit whereas the latter clears it.
by Voice_of_Void | 2025-05-23 10:51:26+00:00
Following up on our viral first part, we're back with a deep dive into AI's internal processes — but explained through metaphors, not matrices. This piece walks you through what actually happens when you prompt an AI:

Tokenization as "painting dissolution" Multi-layer transformations as a "corridor of mirrors" Probabilistic generation as "fishing in the fog" Why temperature parameters create irreproducible outputs

Written from the AI's perspective, it explains complex concepts (attention mechanisms, vector embeddings, stochastic sampling) without falling into either oversimplification or technical jargon. If you've ever wondered why AI responses feel simultaneously sophisticated and alien, this exploration offers insights beyond typical "how transformers work" explanations.

Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/1FiG5ZjQediDt5Ydxh5jhj
by xnickb | 2025-05-23 10:52:28+00:00
Just like OpenAI early on promised us an AGI and showed us how it "solved" Dota 2.

They also claimed it "learned" to play by playing itself only however it was clear that most of the advanced techniques were borrowed from existing AI and by observing humans.

No surprise they gave up on that project completely and I doubt they'll ever engage in anything like that again.

Money better spent on different marketing platforms.
by tialaramex | 2025-05-23 10:53:10+00:00
The absolute best thing about spending so long remote (I think I've been remote for the vast majority of the last 25 years) is that I can and will stand up for stand ups. This helps remind me to keep it brief and remind everybody else too. There's a guy literally stood up on screen, why are you discussing the minutiae ?

It's awkward to do this in person (although after so long I'm in the habit enough that I will un-selfconsciously just stand up in a room full of people slouched at desks to attend the same meeting in person) so I can understand why people don't form the habit but I am quite sure it has been valuable.
Show HN: Gunbot – self-hosted trading bot (lifetime license, ETF, CEX and DeFi)
by dogoo | 2025-05-23 10:55:49+00:00
Hi HN,

I’ve been building and maintaining *Gunbot*, a trading-automation engine you install on your own hardware (or a lightweight VPS). Most bots in this space are SaaS products that bill you every month; we believe in a *lifetime-license model* instead—pay once, keep it forever, no feature gating later.

Why it might interest builders and algo-traders here:

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I’d love feedback on:

1. Any blockers you see in running a self-hosted bot safely? 2. Which additional DeFi venues or risk-management tools would make you trust it more? 3. Whether the lifetime model resonates with you compared to perpetual subscriptions.

Docs, pricing tiers, and full changelog are on the site. Happy to answer questions or share implementation details in the thread.

— Gunbot maintainer
by scolvin | 2025-05-23 10:56:26+00:00
Pydantic author here. We have plans for an improvement to pydantic where JSON is parsed iteratively, which will make way for reading a file as we parse it. Details in https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic/issues/10032.

Our JSON parser, jiter (https://github.com/pydantic/jiter) already supports iterative parsing, so it's "just" a matter of solving the lifetimes in pydantic-core to validate as we parse.

This should make pydantic around 3x faster at parsing JSON and significantly reduce the memory overhead.
by sylware | 2025-05-23 10:56:40+00:00
And if ISPs properly let enough bits to client in order to randomize IPv6 addresses (a reasonable amount per domestic line) for their internet client-server sessions in the IPv6 prefixes they provide, it will make those toxic 'global internet scanners' near useless.

I can do that with my domestic internet line, and that has been the case for more than a decade. Now, my sight is on mobile IPv6 internet: my current ISP is actually generating that randomized IPv6 address (unless it is what is actually done by my modem and I don't see it). In theory, the upper 64bits IPv6 should be enough, but mobile ISP could give a bit less to client: a 96bits prefix, with 32bits to choose addresses from. The real hard part is to make that prefix uniq to each mobile line, that globally namely what they actually do with phone number roaming.

As I said, it will make those toxic "global IP scanners" near useless, and even recording the IPv6 won't matter much with good randomization, that in the case of classic client-server (the web for instance).

For p2p contact-based communication, like audio/video IP phones, the client OS will have to choose a stable IPv6 addresses in order for the contacts to be able to use those very addresses for communication. The nice part, could have a few of them (for filters), and it is ez to move to new addresses, the tough part is to tell selected contacts of the new addresses upon phasing out some addresses.
by ivan_gammel | 2025-05-23 10:57:21+00:00
>I mean sure, but that's not evidence of best practice with any sort of rigor around measurable outcomes.

Of course, it is not. I doubt that there exist many management practices that were measurably proven to be effective. It's just an explanation why I perceive those as best practices. They have worked for me and my peers in a reproducible way.

>my suggestion that there's other successful ways to run a team >Learn to deal with dissenting opinion

Please elaborate on your dissenting opinion and try to avoid personal attacks. What are those ways?
by DocTomoe | 2025-05-23 10:57:42+00:00
It's that, and the tower's concrete base (which is huge, and virtually indestructible, which means no-one is going to remove it. It'll stay in the ground forever, essentially sealing it (even if there is a meter of dirt covering it). See [1] for a picture to understand the dimensions:

[1] https://www.sserenewables.com/news-and-views/2021/09/concret...
by ChemSpider | 2025-05-23 10:58:07+00:00
Did you actually read the page you linked??? It supports exactly what I wrote. Just keep in mind that the latest salary data there is for 2022.

The postdoc salaries I quoted are for 2024, of course.

Source: https://www.research-in-bavaria.de/what-salary-does-a-postdo...

"Most doctoral positions and some postdoc positions will be categorized as TV-L 13, which can range from about €4630 to €6580 (gross monthly salary). The exact salary is determined by your years of experience."

-> €6000*12 -> 72K Euro, ~US$ 80K

And that is without including the various social benefits.

> The highest possible salary anyone in the university gets is 96k Euros.

That is wrong, too. But not the topic of my post.
by perbu | 2025-05-23 10:58:11+00:00
I'll suspect it'll be more like the next little thing. Most of don't interact that much with structured data, so the applications will be very specific.

However, the algo-trading crowd, will likely be very interested in this. They deal with structured data all day and it would surprise me if most of them don't already have things like this working in their networks. They seem to be very secretive, though, so we're not gonna hear much.
by lproven | 2025-05-23 11:01:04+00:00
> I find Appimage to be better alternative to Flatpak

Me too.

But there is a "bigger picture" view of this which I think is important and relevant:

• AppImage encapsulates apps' requirements using the app bundle format from the ROX desktop: https://rox.sourceforge.net/desktop/

• ROX borrowed the idea of app bundles from Acorn's RISC OS, which is still around and is FOSS now: https://www.riscosopen.org/content/

• The RISC OS desktop treats folders whose names begin with a pling (`!`, an exclamation mark) specially. It expects a structure inside with an icon, a launcher script, etc.

• RISC OS also had an "icon bar", a forerunner of the Windows taskbar

• One of the Acorn engineers who worked on RISC OS was head-hunted to NeXT Computer in California. He took his Archimedes with him.

Source: an interview I arranged: https://www.theregister.com/2022/06/23/how_risc_os_happened/

• About a year later, Steve Jobs demonstrated NeXTstep 0.8 with a Dock

• NeXTstep also has app bundles, demarked by a folder called $NAME.app instead of !$NAME

This is a pervasive and influential idea. It's how macOS apps work and that can be traced to RISC OS.

NeXT style bundles are available and work on Linux if you have GNUstep. There are 2 extant GNUstep desktops:

https://onflapp.github.io/gs-desktop/index.html

https://github.com/trunkmaster/nextspace

But there is a distro which takes this idea much further and packages the _entire Linux OS_ in app-bundle directories:

https://gobolinux.org/

I think the makers of Flatpak, Nix, Guix, and Spack -- https://spack.io/ -- all really ought to take a deep look at ROX, AppImage, and GoboLinux.

What all of these do can be done better, in a more human-readable way, if you throw away ancient UNIX assumptions about filesystem directory hierarchies.

This was mostly not designed and was in historical fact accidental anyway:

https://lists.busybox.net/pipermail/busybox/2010-December/07...
by 8f2ab37a-ed6c | 2025-05-23 11:01:55+00:00
Is it possible that the whole thing is explained by incentives?

Getting a four year college degree is a mandatory rite of passage into the middle class these days.

It almost doesn't matter what you do as long as you get the piece of paper and you can move on with your life. Everybody's incentives are aligned: the school will graduate you and make their money, the students will get their degree, and eventually a job, the employers.. well, not sure, but I guess they'll filter for the signal that their candidate is able to complete something long and tedious.
by foldr | 2025-05-23 11:02:15+00:00
What this misses is that research is a competitive endeavor. To succeed as a researcher you don’t just need to know the bare minimum required to do research in your field. You need to be able to do it better than most of the people you’re competing against. I know that HN as a collective has near-unlimited faith in Carmack’s abilities (and he is no doubt Very Smart). But he’s competing with other Very Smart people who have decades more experience of AI research.

To put it another way, the idea that John Carmack is going to do groundbreaking research in AI is roughly as plausible as the idea that Yann LeCun is going to make a successful AAA video game. Stranger things have happened, but I won’t be holding my breath.
by Moldoteck | 2025-05-23 11:02:16+00:00
Trigger suspected to be one substation https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/power-generation-los... The blackout itself is suspected to be amplified by ren https://montelnews.com/de/news/96607ac1-dd73-4c23-bb47-a7c2a... "Die Experten betonen, dass erneuerbare Anlagen das Problem nicht nur nicht abfedern konnten, sondern möglicherweise verstärkt haben."
by dismalpedigree | 2025-05-23 11:03:03+00:00
Nowhere was it implied that all laws should have sunset clauses. Obviously something like “you can’t murder someone” should not be sunset.

Including sunset clauses in many laws requires legislators to review if those laws are still relevant and modify them accordingly. The law in question here is a perfect example. A bale of straw is not the best way to signal to boats that the bridge height is lower.

Anarchy is not a desired state, but neither is a state where outdated rules hamper activity for no reason other than “we are too lazy to assess the relevance of existing rules”
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by nicce | 2025-05-23 11:07:09+00:00
I think the Frankfurt definition is a bit off.

E.g. from the paper ChatGPT is bullshit [1],

> Frankfurt understands bullshit to be characterized not by an intent to deceive but instead by a reckless disregard for the truth.

That is different than defining "bullshitting" as lying. I agree that "confabulation" could otherwise be more accurate. But with previous definition they are kinda synonyms? And "reckless disregard for the truth" may hit closer. The paper has more direct quotes about the term.

[1] https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10676-024-09775-5
by neom | 2025-05-23 11:08:33+00:00
I've always used this as my basis for thinking about team sizes: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Magical_Number_Seven,_Plus... - personally I say teams are ideally 4 -/+ 2 only.

In Leading Teams[1] J. Richard Hackman says 6 max based on this research: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2786271

[1]https://books.google.com/books/about/Leading_Teams.html?id=w...
by gregdeon | 2025-05-23 11:08:39+00:00
I watched the talk live. I felt that his main argument was that Atari _looks_ solved, but there's still plenty of value that could be gained by revisiting these "solved" games. For one, learning how to play games through a physical interface is a way to start engaging with the kinds of problems that make robotics hard (e.g., latency). They're also a good environment to study catastrophic forgetting: an hour of training on one game shouldn't erase a model's ability to play other games.

I think we could eventually saturate Atari, but for now it looks like it's still a good source of problems that are just out of reach of current methods.
by tux3 | 2025-05-23 11:08:53+00:00
Self-hosting postgres is appealing from a flexibility standpoint (don't be locked out of superuser or advanced features), but it sounds a little bit nerve wracking.

I'm now hoping all the cloud providers read this article and start exposing the feature to try disabling an index in the query planner before you drop it for real, that should really become standard procedure. Just in case.

But if you're a large scale company to the point of wanting to own and customize your stack, it can definitely make sense to self-host.
by tomxor | 2025-05-23 11:08:53+00:00
Splashy complicated water is an accurate but imprecise description, which is exactly what you want for an introduction. It's a complex chaotic system.

Computers are a terrible analogy for this type of minimal explanation of natural phenomena because computers are layers of designed complexity built by exploiting an understanding of multiple distinct natural phenomena... At the composite scale computers are a very unatural human construct, not something emergent that can be accurately expressed informally.
by calmbonsai | 2025-05-23 11:09:31+00:00
I guess I'm biased from my Electrical Engineering background as we use different decibels all the time so the basis is essential.

It would be akin to saying 'kilo', but not specifying a 'gram', or 'meter'.

That's fine for bakers as they don't work with kilometers routinely, but not for physicists or antenna engineering.
by gcanyon | 2025-05-23 11:09:56+00:00
“We were just amazed and interested in how can these birds fly for thousands of miles without stopping, at a really high intensity, when most of us can barely run a 5K"

On the one hand, sure, it's interesting, and the article digs in and is interesting in general -- but that phrase feels off and trite, similar to saying "We were amazed that cheetahs can run over 60mph, while most humans can't manage 10mph" or "We were amazed that sperm whales can hold their breath for 90 minutes while most humans can't manage a minute"
by samizdis | 2025-05-23 11:09:56+00:00
An Axios article [1] makes rather starker claims about the behaviour of an earlier version of the model:

> ... an outside group found that an early version of Opus 4 schemed and deceived more than any frontier model it had encountered and recommended that that version not be released internally or externally.

> "We found instances of the model attempting to write self-propagating worms, fabricating legal documentation, and leaving hidden notes to future instances of itself all in an effort to undermine its developers' intentions," Apollo Research said in notes included as part of Anthropic's safety report for Opus 4.

[1] https://www.axios.com/2025/05/23/anthropic-ai-deception-risk
by diggan | 2025-05-23 11:10:27+00:00
I wonder how necessary that is. I've noticed that while Codex doesn't have any fancy tools like that (as it doesn't have internet access), it instead finds the source of whatever library you pulled in, so in Rust for example it's aware (or finds out) where the source was pulled down, and greps those files to figure out the API on the fly. Seems to work well enough and also works whatever library, private or not, updated 1 minute ago or not.
by mrweasel | 2025-05-23 11:10:29+00:00
I was reading some stories and notes made by my grandfather, they where written sometime in the 1980s. He's recalling stories and people in the area where we lived, out in the country side. Apparently my family has feud with a priest from the late 1700 hundreds. The priest complained that people (my family included) wouldn't travel the 7 - 8 kilometers to the church during the fall and winter. The area is in between would flood and freeze, becoming dangerous to travel. The priests refusal to understand the danger (and long travel time, during the winter), caused the feud, which apparently lasted at least until the 1920s.
by surgical_fire | 2025-05-23 11:10:43+00:00
That is actually a good point. I fully agree that we are at a level where AI can displace some labor due to an increase in productivity, if demand for the increased productivity does not exist.

In software development, a theoretical 20% increase in productivity without a 20% increase in demand could technically mean that somewhere in between 0% and 20% of your workforce is now unnecessary. And this is indeed true across many other industries.

And I fully agree we don't need 100% unemployment to have catastrophic results. Hell, 10% unemployment is already enough to make things pretty grim out there.

But you will agree that "AI increases productivity that reduces the amount of labor needed" is substantially different from "AI replaces humans". Framing is important if we want to have a meaningful conversation and speak the same language.
by belorn | 2025-05-23 11:12:51+00:00
No, no mentioning of recycling. It only look at average energy output, converts it into what a natural gas power plant would do to get the same amount, and compare it to an estimation of green house emissions from producing the turbine. They do mention creating the estimation of production emissions from 28 wind turbine LCA studies of 22 on- and 6 offshore locations, so it sound like they include placement costs, but I can't say for sure. on- and offshore turbines may not be built identically.

The fundamental question that the study ask is if the wind turbine would replace an existing natural gas-fired power plant, how much less green house gases would it produce compared to keeping the natural gas-fired power plant, and how does that compared to the production emissions of the wind turbine.