MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by RicoElectrico | 2025-04-19 22:59:13+00:00
Please explain to me how is that supposed to work. For all I know the floating gate is, well, isolated and only writes (which SSDs don't like if they're repeated on the same spot) touch it through mechanisms not unlike MOSFET aging i.e. carrier injection. Reading on the other hand depends on the charge in floating gate altering Vt of the transistor below, this action not being able to drain any charge from the floating gate.
by jawns | 2025-04-19 22:59:15+00:00
This is a university press release, so they first refer to a registered trademark, which I assume means they're trying to make money off it through licensing agreements:

> a unique sound called 'sound spice®'

Only at the very bottom of the release do they actually give any technical details:

> a pure tone at 100 Hz

The linked study gives more details:

> 1-min exposure to a pure tone of 80–85 dBZ (= 60.9–65.9 dBA) at 100 Hz
by remram | 2025-04-19 23:01:17+00:00
Or any domain for which you can read an email sent to an inbox. I remember a few years ago an attack where the attacker would read email because a ticket would be created for incoming emails, and he could guess the next ticket ID to read it. A lot of platform that aren't email providers still allow emails in (e.g. GitHub, GitLab). This looks like a rather widely-applicable attack.

edit: I was thinking about this: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41818459
by bell-cot | 2025-04-19 23:02:13+00:00
> The legislation, House Bill 407, which House lawmakers passed with a 201-2 vote, now goes to the state Senate for consideration.

> The proposal, if passed by the state Senate and signed into law by the governor, would make the unauthorized use of a tracking device, program or application to monitor another person’s location or movement a third-degree misdemeanor offense. [Within the state of Pennsylvania.]

With 201-2 House support, it seems like it'd be 95% sure to become law. Does anyone here follow PA state politics?

Or could anyone comment on how serious a "third-degree misdemeanor" is?
by Amezarak | 2025-04-19 23:02:42+00:00
https://www.newsweek.com/schools-drop-kill-mockingbird-requi...

> The Mukilteo School Board voted unanimously to remove the book from the required reading list on Monday evening, The Everett Herald reported.

> Michael Simmons, the board's president and an African American, told Newsweek that he and other board members made their decision after "seriously considering" the information provided

You can find story after story like this. I don’t think people like Michael Simmons are secretly for racism. I think your mental model may need adjustment.

The biggest thing is probably that in 2025 there are a lot of people who are genuinely not comfortable with anyone reading certain racial slurs, even when though they’re quoting. A lot of style guides and editorial policies also reflect this. The second most common complaint is probably that it is an example of “white savior” literature.

You and I can agree this is silly if you like, but the model of TKAM censorship as usually told is just false in every direction - almost never “banned” and almost never complained about for the reasons people assume.
by zh2408 | 2025-04-19 23:02:54+00:00
The Linux repository has ~50M tokens, which goes beyond the 1M token limit for Gemini 2.5 Pro. I think there are two paths forward: (1) decompose the repository into smaller parts (e.g., kernel, shell, file system, etc.), or (2) wait for larger-context models with a 50M+ input limit.
by benoau | 2025-04-19 23:03:03+00:00
What will make AI more expensive is the layers of rent that will be built upon it over the next decade. It takes time to develop these systems.

Back in the stone age Facebook didn't even handle the transactions when people were spending millions - then billions - in games like Farmville. Didn't take a commission. Didn't take a percent. Didn't know how much you were spending. This wasn't deliberate it was just early-stage, and by the time they got their shit together they were making a fortune off these transactions. And then Apple and Google cemented a 30% fee on everything forever no matter what courts or governments order them to do, and we go from Farmville paying nothing to Candy Crush Saga paying mandatory and inescapable $7 - $8 billion in fees enforced ala the DMZ in Korea.
by yumraj | 2025-04-19 23:03:24+00:00
> research done by Barry Schwartz and later by Sheena iyengar

Per the article, Sheena Iyengar did the study on 2000 and then ”This study became a central example in Barry Schwartz's 2004 book, The Paradox of Choice.”

On a related note, this is one of the main reasons we like Costco. Fewer SKUs means less cognitive load and easier shopping.
by tgsovlerkhgsel | 2025-04-19 23:04:36+00:00
The CAA whitelist is still enforced by the CAs themselves, so a malicious, compromised or buggy CA could ignore it. You still have to monitor CT. CAA mostly does two things:

1. It makes sure that nobody accidentally issues a cert from another CA (giving you better control, avoiding the "an engineer used a different CA" scenario, and meaning that if you see a cert from another CA, you know it's something Very Not Good).

2. It gives you a chance that an attacker able to bypass some but not all controls on a crappy CA won't be able to use that CA to get a cert for your site (if they don't manage to somehow also bypass the CAA check).

I'm not sure whether CAA would have prevented this CA from issuing for this domain. I think it's more likely than not, but not certain, that it would have helped in this case.
by sanderjd | 2025-04-19 23:04:48+00:00
Honestly curious: What does this mean?

I'll expand a bit on my perspective to avoid just sealioning here:

Where I've come across proposals for policies like actual age verification is in the "social media is bad for kids" milieu. I'm extremely skeptical that these proposals are workable purely technically, but ignoring that, I have some sympathy for the concept. I do think that kids mainlining TikTok and YouTube Shorts and PornHub is really bad.

So having cleared my throat, I'm back to wondering about your comment. How, in your view, is this kind of policy "protecting parents at the expense of children"?
by jsheard | 2025-04-19 23:05:07+00:00
A not-so-fun fact is that this even applies to modern read-only media, most notably Nintendo game carts. Back in the day they used mask ROMs which ought to last more or less forever, but with the DS they started using cheaper NOR or NAND flash for larger games, and then for all games with the 3DS onwards. Those carts will bit-rot eventually if left unpowered for a long time.
by m4rtink | 2025-04-19 23:06:43+00:00
I have seen it happen a few times, but it does not seem to happen very often. I don't think I ever saw it happen when riding a trolley bus - usually I saw a stopped trolleybus with the driver stepping out & reatacching the collector poles before driving away. Took a couple minutes at most.

It was usually in some tricky spots - trolley wires crossing streetcar wire on Konečného náměstí (yeah, we have both :) ) or on the top of the rather steep slope of the Kotlářská street next to the Natural sciences faculty of the Masaryk university.

I guess the new trolley busses with batteries and poles thatr can be stowed automatically might be even better for this - no need to fix the poles immediately, but wait for a regular stop or even the line terminus & just use the battery.

Also once when touring one of the trolleybus depos (the small one in Husovice) the local maintenance chief mentioned that the one roundabout wired for trolley buses (yes, that exists) is a pain to maintain & maybe they could scrap it in the future, with the busses crossing it on batteries instead. :)
by 14 | 2025-04-19 23:06:44+00:00
There is always something that can be done. Like if phone is not actually powered on for x time set by the user it automatically factory resets all data. Or if phone is out of cell service for x time like as in a faraday bag in evidence then it resets itself. Or make it so that after a reboot it can only be opened if on a certain wifi hotspot or geolocation. Ultimately I am not a security expert or know if any of those ideas would actually work but it seems like you could add a few steps making it harder. Maybe it can be locked out and you can set a specific apple store which would require your ID before they can send a release code allowing it to be unlocked. All of that is probably way to complicated to be worth it for a typical user but I do think there can be a way if it was truly critical.
by doubled112 | 2025-04-19 23:06:47+00:00
People massively underestimate the price of these supplies.

My wife sews, and she has a small yarn collection as well, but never really got into knitting or crochet. I nearly had to contain my laughter when my mother told me that it would save us lots of money.

Sure. It costs more in fabric to make a shirt than to buy a shirt, and that’s not getting into machines. Look at us save!

Hobbies are for fun. Making things for yourself is, more often than not, crazy expensive.
by wahern | 2025-04-19 23:07:03+00:00
In all non-human species selfless cooperation falls off a cliff beyond siblings, and AFAIU this comports well with Game Theory-type models for understanding genetics. Popular examples of non-human cooperation, naked mole rates and bonobos, actually live in communities dominated by sisters. (It's not often noted, though, in the breathless narratives extolling the virtues of cooperation and anthropomorphizing the rest of the animal kingdom.)

Human behavior, however, is still a deep, deep mystery in terms of evolutionary biology. I'm always wary of people applying evolutionary principles to human behaviors. Writ large you can see contours of what we would expect to see, but even then it's unclear why the boundaries are where they are, or to what degree we're projecting expectations into the data, etc. The speculation quotient is extreme. I wouldn't put any stock into evolutionary biology-based explanations for human behavior. And just as a practical matter, it's not like most people would leave their most hated cousin to die in a ditch; and though most people wouldn't leave anyone to die in a ditch--at least, if they knew that's what they were doing--I'm betting they're more likely to save a cousin than a stranger.
by AStonesThrow | 2025-04-19 23:07:45+00:00
HDDs are a pragmatic choice for “backup” or offline storage. You’ll still need to power them up, just for testing, and also so the “grease” liquefies and they don’t stick.

Up through 2019 or so, I was relying on BD-XL discs, sized at 100GB each. The drives that created them could also write out M-DISC archival media, which was fearsomely expensive as a home user, but could make sense to a small business.

100GB, spread over one or more discs, was plenty of capacity to save the critical data, if I were judiciously excluding disposable stuff, such as ripped CD audio.
by theteapot | 2025-04-19 23:08:14+00:00
> Dependency injection is just passing your dependencies in as constructor arguments rather than as hidden dependencies that the class itself creates and manages.

That's the best way to think of it fundamentally. But the main implication of that which is at some point something has to know how to resolve those dependencies - i.e. they can't just be constructed and then injected from magic land. So global cradles/resolvers/containers/injectors/providers (depending on your language and framework) are also typically part and parcel of DI, and that can have some big implications on the structure of your code that some people don't like. Also you can inject functions and methods not just constructors.
by aeonik | 2025-04-19 23:09:39+00:00
I have some design ideas for a diy system, how much money/time are you willing to spend for experimentation?

What counts as cheap to you?

I'm thinking about automating something a long these lines:

https://youtu.be/hnHjrz_inQU?si=dNzXVBVFsr7e8m_6

Off the shelf lasers and camera sensors can be hacked around with DIY for some pretty unexpected precision.
by ein0p | 2025-04-19 23:10:18+00:00
If you at least read the data from the drive from time to time, the controller will "refresh" the charge by effectively re-writing data that can't be read without errors. Controllers will also tolerate and correct _some_ bit flips on the fly, topping up cells, or re-mapping bad pages. Think of it as ZFS scrub, basically, except you never see most of the errors.
by rcxdude | 2025-04-19 23:11:02+00:00
I mean, you can do that (and it kight be useful if you want to seperate where the construction arguments are from where when the initialisation happens), but I don't understand why not just do it in init instead of build. It's not all that special, it's literally just a method that's called when you make an instance of the class, if you need to do it before you use the class, just make it happen when you make the class.
by layer8 | 2025-04-19 23:11:24+00:00
I don't quite understand your example, but I don't think the particulars make much of a difference. We can go with the most general description: With dependency injection, you define points in your code where dependencies are injected. The injection point is usually a variable (this includes the case of constructor parameters), whose value (the dependency) will be set by the dependency injection framework. The behavior of the code that reads the variable and hence the injected value will then depend on the specific value that was injected.

My issue with that is this: From the point of view of the code accessing the injected value (and from the point of view of that code's callers), the value appears like out of thin air. There is no way to trace back from that code where the value came from. Similarly, when defining which value will be injected, it can be difficult to trace all the places where it will be injected.

In addition, there are often lifetime issues involved, when the injected value is itself a stateful object, or may indirectly depend on mutable, cached, or lazy-initialized, possibly external state. The time when the value's internal state is initialized or modified, or whether or not it is shared between separate injection points, is something that can't be deduced from the source code containing the injection points, but is often relevant for behavior, error handling, and general reasoning about the code.

All of this makes it more difficult to reason about the injected values, and about the code whose behavior will depend on those values, from looking at the source code.
by hitekker | 2025-04-19 23:11:26+00:00
Yup, they employed intense scrutiny on books before 2008, followed by ideological filtering as you noted, resulting in empty library shelves.

On that note, it's sad to see the GP downvoted for raising this uncomfortable truth. I guess "deaccessioning" or "weeding" reveals a certain hypocrisy among those who supposedly hate banning books.
by __MatrixMan__ | 2025-04-19 23:11:34+00:00
The broken thing about the web is that in order for data to remain readable, a unique sysadmin somewhere has to keep a server running in the face of an increasingly hostile environment.

If instead we had a content addressed model, we could drop the uniqueness constraint. Then these AI scrapers could be gossiping the data to one another (and incidentally serving it to the rest of us) without placing any burden on the original source.

Having other parties interested in your data should make your life easier (because other parties will host it for you), not harder (because now you need to work extra hard to host it for them).
by noirbot | 2025-04-19 23:12:03+00:00
But that is, in itself, a normalcy bias. I don't generally like Italian roast coffee. It's too oily and generally upsets my stomach. It's not a flavor or style I like in espresso. I'm not going to claim no one should like it - clearly people do, but if you don't like that, Italy is a really bad place to live because it's so orthodox about its espresso and doesn't support "pretentious" places that may serve something that doesn't taste "normal".

Just because a specific style has been around for years doesn't mean it's the only valid style that's not "pretentious".
by hsuduebc2 | 2025-04-19 23:12:03+00:00
I didn't mean pharmaceuticals can't pose risks. Your concern about the scale of prescriptions is valid, especially given that the U.S. prescribes about 65% more medications per capita than the EU, which suggests genuine overprescribing issues. However, jumping straight from high prescription numbers to "turbo cancer" feels premature without concrete evidence therefore it is a speculation. Many of these prescriptions genuinely improve or even save lives, especially for chronic and psychiatric conditions.

On the other hand, history gives us plenty of cautionary examples: leaded gasoline, asbestos insulation, pesticides or tobacco were all once considered safe until they very clearly weren't. So I hope your assumption is wrong.
by computator | 2025-04-19 23:12:56+00:00
> You have to power up your SSDs every now and then for them to keep data.

What is the protocol you should use with SSDs that you’re storing? Should you:

- power up the SSD for an instant (or for some minutes?) without needing to read anything?

- or power up the cells where your data resides by reading the files you had created on the SSD?

- or rewrite the cells by reading your files, deleting them, and writing them back to the SSD?
by ein0p | 2025-04-19 23:14:18+00:00
To detect you have to actually collect the data in a robust way and then analyze it. Some areas of study seem to be off-limits either for political reasons, or because Big Pharma won't fund them, or both. The other day I told o3 to do deep research on the prevalence of SSRI use among mass shooters. It did compile a report which basically said the data is inconclusive because the current laws prevent conclusive data from being assembled in the first place. I frankly don't see why a mass shooter deserves HIPAA protection. Let's look into it.
by RHSeeger | 2025-04-19 23:14:54+00:00
Sorry, there's multiple people in the conversation. I was originally speaking to the person that said this

> They were allowed to gather the evidence - they had a warrant from a judge. The judge erred, not the police.

And that statement makes it very clear that, if the judge gives the ok to do something, then the judge is at fault; and _not_ the person that actually does the thing. I disagree with this. The person who does the thing is responsible for their own actions. The judge may _also_ be at fault, but that doesn't absolve the officer who took the action.

Your response (in the context of what I said)

>> if a judge tells a police officer they can do something

> Who commands the police officer to do things? Is it his/her superior, or the judge directly?

Seems to indicate you think I said the judge is the one who ordered the officer to do the thing. I didn't. I said the judge gave permission for it.

To be very clear, in a situation where

1. Tier 1 officer orders Tier 2 officer to have a thing done

2. Tier 2 officer orders Tier 3 officer to do the thing

3. Judge authorizes Tier 3 officer to do the thing

4. Tier 3 officer does the thing

If "the thing" is clearly illegal (to a reasonable person), then ALL of those individuals are at fault. And Tier 3 officer clearly broke the law when doing the thing.

I believe that
by Avicebron | 2025-04-19 23:15:32+00:00
> I always wondered how’s the procedural generation part of the game? Does it get repetitive fast?

Yes and no. They have been adding content and releasing free updates since release, I think the most recent one was this past march. I'm about a 100+ hours in and found out today that I'm missing half or more of the content because I was happy enough just exploring and figuring things out all that time that I didn't do any of the story.

that being said. There is definitely a feeling of repetitiveness across everything.

Makes you appreciate the fact that we have a staggering amount of different forms of life and biomes just here on earth...
by vel0city | 2025-04-19 23:16:07+00:00
I've noticed a number of GBA carts I've picked up used (and probably not played in a long while) fail to load on the first read. Sometimes no logo, sometimes corrupted logo. Turning it off and on a couple of times solved the issue, and once it boots OK it'll boot OK pretty much every time after. Probably until it sits on the shelf for a long while.
by noirbot | 2025-04-19 23:16:54+00:00
I think this misses the point of all of this by making any sort of objective statement here. There's nothing inherently wrong with tradition and stability of a style like Italian espresso. Someone who grew up on it may very well hate an espresso made in a different style with a different roast profile and bean origin and that's quite fine.

The issue in my mind is the dogmatic orthodoxy of people who enjoy French or Italian espresso saying that anything else is borderline immoral, or at best "pretentious". I happen to prefer more modern espresso styles, but there's also joy in a good traditional Italian shot.
by aaroninsf | 2025-04-19 23:19:43+00:00
If you mean me,

Prototypes I already have made; at this point the goal is get something actually stable. I'm willing to look into any approach that has a stable application doing things that I need. I don't want to make another prototype; but I am open to trying an implementation that might not end up being final.

It's proven remarkably difficult to find who to even consult with. AFAICT it's too rarified a need.
by kccqzy | 2025-04-19 23:20:44+00:00
Because they protect against different actors. A stolen phone? The thief likely just wants to strip your phone down to parts and sell the parts if there is a passcode. If there isn't anything, perhaps the thief would wipe it and sell it whole as a second hand device.

Only law enforcement cares about the difference between the AFU state and BFU state.
by dghlsakjg | 2025-04-19 23:20:57+00:00
Much of our current understanding of physics is rooted in astronomical observation.

Many planets and asteroids have been discovered by amateurs using telescopes and the visible light spectrum, even in the modern era.

More directly practicable, astronomy has given us an understanding of space weather and solar ejections which are fairly critical to things like grid stability and minimizing damages to man made satellites.

Dismissing the loss of the night sky as “pretty pictures” is dramatically underselling astronomy and the benefits that astronomy bring to all of us.
by rcxdude | 2025-04-19 23:21:03+00:00
Why, when

my_var = MyType() my_var.actually_init()

Works in exactly the same way? Errors get reported the same, it has the same semantics, you have the same need to keep track of things, it's just two lines instead of one and you're more likely to have a partially initialised object floating around. I really don't see the advantage at all.

Context managers are handy if you need to guarantee cleanup in simple object lifetimes, and in that case __enter__ is probably the better place to do setup because it's closer to where you get guarantees about the cleanup happening, but context managers are not actually RAII, just a partial substitute.