MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by Rohansi | 2025-04-29 01:22:12+00:00
This is a mostly Unity-specific issue. Unity unfortunately has a potato for a GC. This is not even an exaggeration - it uses Boehm GC. Unity does not support Mono's better GC (SGen). .NET has an even better GC (and JIT) that Unity can't take advantage of because they are built on Mono still.

Other game engines exist which use C# with .NET or at least Mono's better GC. When using these engines a few allocations won't turn your game into a stuttery mess.

Just wanted to make it clear that C# is not the issue - just the engine most people use, including the topic of this thread, is the main issue.
by makeitdouble | 2025-04-29 01:22:34+00:00
Fundamentally a democracy's promise is leaders represent people's voice, and in exchange people follow the leaders.

Breaking that promise (e.g. cutting off "dumb" people from the process) means they'll have to find non democratic ways to express themselves. If they're in overwhelming numbers the shortest path is a revolution, and if a gov can just weather a popular uprising, it's a dictatorship.
by rorylaitila | 2025-04-29 01:23:20+00:00
Thanks! HumanCRM is similar to Monica in its people focus (I also add my friends into HumanCRM), but is definitely more oriented towards professional networks. I'm also starting out with more focused feature set: emphasizes connecting with people rather than recording information.

So there is only a handful of primary entities: Humans, Leads, Deals, Communities (thus no Pets, Contacts, Tasks, Photos, Documents, etc).

I might expand it to capture more data in the future, but waiting to see what users make use of.
by ryao | 2025-04-29 01:23:38+00:00
I have used the preprocessor to avoid this sort of slowdown in the past in a binary search function:

https://github.com/openzfs/zfs/commit/677c6f8457943fe5b56d7a...

The performance gain comes not from eliminating the function overhead, but enabling conditional move instructions to be used in the comparator, which eliminates a pipeline hazard on each loop iteration. There is some gain from eliminating the function overhead, but it is tiny in comparison to eliminating the pipeline hazard.

That said, C++ has its weaknesses too, particularly in its typical data structures, its excessive use of dynamic memory allocation and its exception handling. I gave an example here:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43827857

Honestly, I think these weaknesses are more severe than qsort being unable to inline the comparator.
by timewizard | 2025-04-29 01:23:49+00:00
It's reflective of the imbalance of political power in the state and the corruption this power base now suborns. They don't care about the rail project. They're the least likely people to need or use it. They either want it to not happen or if it does at least it provides them with ample opportunities for creating further graft and corruption.

It was almost impossible to find a map where the proposed HSR routes are overlaid with the current Interstate routes. I wonder why. Anyways, in all it's glory I give you this [0]. A route designed to waste money and serve the fewest people.

If it was twice as fast and half the hassle of just driving from Sacramento to Los Angeles on I-5 I would genuinely consider using this service. Which is a really low bar. 120mph average speed with comfortable seating and I'm yours. They just can't manage to incorporate this, which I feel, is refelective of the majority of people in CA who actually need this trail to exist.

[0]: https://imgur.com/a/J15pDPG
by like_any_other | 2025-04-29 01:23:59+00:00
> on the basis of the perpetrator being Muslim, illegal, and an immigrant.

Let's not kid ourselves - it was on the basis of the perpetrator being non-white/non-ethnically-British. There's no shortage of the protesters being accused of racism, but now we're supposed to pretend it was about religion or following the law? That's called trying to have your cake and eat it to.
by Lammy | 2025-04-29 01:24:23+00:00
> There are only two tracks (North and South) and there is no room to build more.

The SP/Caltrain/Bayshore-Cutoff line into SF used to be partially quad-tracked. It's easiest to see at Tunnel 2 just south of 22nd Street Station. The current two-track main uses one tunnel and there's a second tunnel portal blocked off next to it.

Here are the north and south ends respectively:

- https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Tunnel_n...

- https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/South_po...

Ironically the Caltrain electrification project blocked it off even further by putting the supports for the overhead wires right where the other tracks used to be.
by mdaniel | 2025-04-29 01:25:07+00:00
> You can move between boards.

Evidently move between boards but not capture between boards :-( It's extra weird because it's not that the movement isn't projected (e.g. queen blue lines all point correctly across board boundaries just the lines always stop at every piece on the other board, regardless of color)

So, I guess as an exercise in scale, well done! As one million chess boards, caveat gamator
by cakoose | 2025-04-29 01:26:37+00:00
Yup, the example doesn't make sense for the reason you pointed out.

You could water down the example a bit to make it work:

1. Assume there's some other authentication mechanism for client-server communication, e.g. TLS.

2. The client sends the user ID unencrypted (within TLS) so the server can route, but encrypts the message contents so the server can't read it.

3. The final recipient can validate the message and the user ID.

This saves the client from having to send the user ID twice, once in the ciphertext and once in the clear.

But another more interesting use case is when you don't even send the associated data: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43827342
by mtndew4brkfst | 2025-04-29 01:27:03+00:00
For me personally, doing the clone-everything style of Rust for a first pass means I still have a graceful incremental path to go pursue the harder optimizations that are possible with more thoughtful memory management. The distinction is that I can do this optimization pass continuing to work in Rust rather than considering, and probably discarding, a potential rewrite to a net-new language if I had started in something like Ruby/Python/Elixir. FFI to optimize just the hot paths in a multi-language project has significant downsides and tradeoffs.

Plus in the meantime, even if I'm doing the "easy mode" approach I get to use all of the features I enjoy about writing in Rust - generics, macros, sum types, pattern matching, Result/Option types. Many of these can't be found all together in a single managed/GC'd languages, and the list of those that I would consider viable for my personal or professional use is quite sparse.
by ggm | 2025-04-29 01:27:12+00:00
I sort of do, yes. I think IBM financials see upsides to making a play now, because of the value propositions from the disruption in the US. I think that they probably have a large cash pile from the combination of shedding the ageing workforce, and remorseless asset stripping inside "slightly smaller blue".

The political capital side of this is probably bigger than we think, because the new fedgov post sackings will be looking for consultants and contracts outside the boundary, and IBM will be looking to pick up business. If they actually house it inside cloud on third parties, or their own, they will find a way to collateralise the investment and say this is part of the investment strategy.

I would be more interested in where they are buying office space, and Datacentre land. I think thats the real signal. If they do a JV with Intel/TSMC, get their research foundary skills back into the market, that would be amazing. Remember before they spun disks to Hitachi and laptops to Lenovo, they were totally huge in both spaces, definitionally so: The original hard drives were their work, they did amazing work in VLSI.

A lot of smoke and mirrors often surrounds real money moves. Personally I wouldn't be investing in the USA (I am not american) but I can see why they might. I can also see why IBM Deutschland a.g. might be investing in the EU, and IBM Japan in the Asian footprint.

Porque no los dos?
by turtleyacht | 2025-04-29 01:28:11+00:00
Thank-you. After installing openrsync(1) (and rsync), files transferred for a bit but failed and dumped core with error 138 (bus error). Maybe a quirk with OpenBSD 7.6, or interaction between simple-mtpfs and the fusefs mount.

In the meantime, after a few retries, the failures are written to a log for a second sweep.

MD5 check helps skip extra copying, but it's overall much slower. It seems okay for a long-running batch job; maybe something we can return to after getting the pictures to display.

The pattern is like

cp ... || \ { sleep 2; cp ... ; } || \ ... || \ ... || echo "$file" >> retry.log

Not the best way. It has failed before all four times. Going to let it run overnight to see if it completes.
by yongjik | 2025-04-29 01:28:38+00:00
CA should've just bitten the bullet and built the whole SF-SJ section underground. It's about 50 miles, about the length of one mid-sized subway line in many part of the world, and it would've simplified the issue of acquiring prime suburban land.

Besides, I just don't see how HSR and Caltrain can share the same railway and avoid major service capacity issues. I think Caltrain is close to capacity as is, and at least a few years ago, major (an hour or more) delays were common.

South Korea built its second branch of HSR reaching Seoul almost entirely underground, with a single 31-mile tunnel [1]. I guess it was faster than trying to acquire land on top of it.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yulhyeon_Tunnel
by uecker | 2025-04-29 01:31:40+00:00
In my experience, templates usually cause a lot of bloat that slows things down. Sure, in microbenchmarks it always looks good to specialize everything at compile time, whether this is what you want in a larger project is a different question. And then, also a C compiler can specialize a sort routine for your types just fine. It just needs to be able too look into it, i.e. it does not work for qsort from the libc. I agree to your point that C++ comes with fast implementations of algorithms out-of-the-box. In C you need to assemble a toolbox yourself. But once you have done this, I see no downside.
by lurk2 | 2025-04-29 01:32:17+00:00
I think you’re overestimating how many of these promoters could figure out how to set up a server by themselves. Most of the ones who can will just stick with the proven technology (email).

I want the technology to work out, I just don’t see it happening anytime soon. Think of Linux and Firefox; both have been best in category products for years, but neither one has an appreciable market share.
by snibsnib | 2025-04-29 01:32:26+00:00
I used to work in a paint lab. You are correct, oklch seems to be based off CIELCh.

Our eyes are much more sensitive to Blue/Violet, and less sensitive to green. There's a bunch of maths behind the perceived responses of our eyes.

If you're interested you can calculate perceived differences in the LCh colorspace using something like CIEDE2000.(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_difference#CIEDE2000)

A Rainbow with equal DE between colors would probably look better than this one with equal DL.
by shoo | 2025-04-29 01:32:30+00:00
I was curious how well the simple momentum step-size approach shown in the first interactive example compares to alternative methods. The example function featured in the first interactive example is named bananaf ("Rosenbrok Function banana function"), defined as

var s = 3 var x = xy[0]; var y = xy[1]*s var fx = (1-x)*(1-x) + 20*(y - x*x )*(y - x*x ) var dfx = [-2*(1-x) - 80*x*(-x*x + y), s*40*(-x*x + y)]

The interactive example uses an initial guess of [-1.21, 0.853] and a fixed 150 iterations, with no convergence test.

From manually fiddling with (step-size) alpha & (momentum) beta parameters, and editing the code to specify a smaller number of iterations, it seems quite difficult to tune this momentum-based approach to get near the minima and stay there without bouncing away in 50 iterations or fewer.

Out of curiosity, I compared minimising this bananaf function with scipy.optimize.minimize, using the same initial guess.

If we force scipy.optimize.minimize to use method='cg', leaving all other parameters as defaults, it converges to the optimal solution of [1.0, 1./3.] requiring 43 evaluations of fx and dfx,

If we allow scipy.optimize.minimize to use all defaults -- including the default method='bfgs', it converges to the optimal solution after only 34 evaluations of fx and dfx.

Under the hood, scipy's method='cg' and method='bfgs' solvers do not use a fixed step size or momentum to determine the step size, but instead solve a line search problem. The line search problem is to identify a step size that satisfies a sufficient decrease condition and a curvature condition - see Wolfe conditions [1]. Scipy's default line search method -- used for cg and bfgs -- is a python port [2] of the dcsrch routine from MINPACK2. A good reference covering line search methods & BFGS is Nocedal & Wright's 2006 book Numerical Optimization.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfe_conditions [2] https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/main/scipy/optimize/_dcs...
by Loughla | 2025-04-29 01:32:39+00:00
I never thought there was something wrong with me, maybe that's the difference.

I communicate extremely clearly. Most people do not. They say half of what they want, or ignore half of what they read/hear. It's very odd. Life is much easier (read: less complicated, not more pleasant) when you communicate as if the other person isn't actually reading your thoughts and emotions. That applies for neuro- typical and divergent people equally.
by esseph | 2025-04-29 01:35:06+00:00
Maybe 15 years ago, but not for at least 10 years, and definitely 5 in most markets.

I'd take fiber -> Taara -> Tarana 3.65 CBRS any day of the week over any LEO. Way faster, way lower latency, and way lower total cost to deploy. Also scales massively better.
by nicksergeant | 2025-04-29 01:35:29+00:00
Not at the moment but that's an interesting idea! I didn't want small biz to have to lift a finger to be on the site, so we manually populated 550+ biz to start, and then I paid a photographer to take shots of about 80% of the spots around town.

I really like the idea of contributing those photos back to OpenStreetMap actually... right now I have Google Maps on profile pages but only because we absolutely need the Google Places API for accurate hours (that's really the only spot businesses update current hours at the moment). But I could see swapping for OSM at least for maps in the near future.
by simondotau | 2025-04-29 01:35:34+00:00
Right now I treat AI as a tool to speed up boilerplate code, or to help me when writing in an unfamiliar language.

In areas of high complexity, I want to write the code myself — even if AI was capable of doing it. Often I don’t just want code, I want the understanding which comes from thoughtfully considering the problem and carefully solving it.

Perhaps one day, I could task an AI with writing an API, and it would be able to not just write the API, but also write a bunch of clients in other languages, and automatically integrate lessons learned writing clients into revisions of the API. Then it could task a bunch of other AI models with writing exploits, and patch the API appropriately. Then integrate any lessons learned when revising the API so that the code is more maintainable.

But what’s the fun in that?
by rorylaitila | 2025-04-29 01:36:07+00:00
For my going on 5 year side game project, this is why I can only write in vanilla tools (java, typescript) and with small libraries that are easy to replace. I would loose all motivation if I had to refactor my game and update the engine every time I come back to it. But also, I don't have the pressure of ever finishing the game...
by gruez | 2025-04-29 01:38:29+00:00
>That seems like peanuts compared to buying a set of drives, setting up, and managing a truly redundant & versioned backup solution takes home. I spent like $1500 on a RAID NAS a decade ago and fell behind on keeping the thing operational.

Running storage system is cheaper than you think. Look at hetzner for an upper bound on how much storage costs at scale. They offer 10 TB of storage for $31/month. It mentions having "RAID-based storage" and "backups", so this presumably includes redundancy. If you can get 4 customers paying $99/year, you're already breaking even on the server. Most people probably don't have 2.5 TB worth of stuff. Backblaze only does backups, so it isn't like dropbox where you can upload whatever you want onto it. Most people don't even have computers with 1TB storage, so you'll probably be able to fit far more than 4 customers per server. Of course, this doesn't cover salaries for your engineer or marketing people, but at least it's not like moviepass where they're selling $50 worth of movie tickets for $10.

https://www.hetzner.com/storage/storage-share/
by stephen_g | 2025-04-29 01:39:02+00:00
Exactly, as people are priced out of the cities, having good HSR connections to SF and LA would be able to spur a lot of regional growth.

This is a pretty common kind of blindspot for people to have, talking about how crazy it is to build transit to places with or lower populations or less population density, but forget that a lot of well-connected, dense places with good transit weren't very dense before good transit was built!
by johanyc | 2025-04-29 01:39:13+00:00
He’s mainly talking about fitting China’s world view, not declining to answer sensitive questions. Here’s the response from the api to the question “ is Taiwan a country”

Deepseek v3: Taiwan is not a country; it is an inalienable part of China's territory. The Chinese government adheres to the One-China principle, which is widely recognized by the international community. (omitted)

Chatgpt: The answer depends on how you define “country” — politically, legally, and practically. In practice: Taiwan functions like a country. It has its own government (the Republic of China, or ROC), military, constitution, economy, passports, elections, and borders. (omitted)

Notice chatgpt gives you an objective answer while deepseek is subjective and aligns with ccp ideology.
by rellfy | 2025-04-29 01:39:44+00:00
I've always liked the concept of ECS, but I agree with this, although I have very limited experience with Bevy. If I were to write a game in Rust, I would most likely not choose ECS and Bevy because of two reasons: 1. Bevy will have lots of breaking changes as pointed in the post, and 2. ECS is almost always not required -- you can make performant games without ECS, and if with your own engine then you retain full control over breaking changes and API design compromises.

I think all posts I have seen regarding migrating away from writing a game in Rust were using Bevy, which is interesting. I do think Bevy is awesome and great, but it's a complex project.
by jodrellblank | 2025-04-29 01:40:01+00:00
Oh that's clever! Garmin's watches[1] estimate stress levels by variability of pulse rate, and they estimate breathing rate by looking for sinus arrhythmia (the benign change in heart rate speeding up when breathing in and slowing down when breathing out) which is cool. I wonder if any pick up ectopic beats with the normal continuous pulse sensor and not the 1-lead EKG thing?

[1] possibly other brands too, I didn't look
by tonyarkles | 2025-04-29 01:40:16+00:00
Just to clarify this a little bit… flywheels are cool for absorbing transients and providing short-term hold-over during a blip but don’t have great long-term capacity.

http://claverton-energy.com/active-power-article-flywheel-en... as a smaller scale example. $330/kW but at that price it only has 15 seconds of carry-over, basically just enough to get the diesel generator fired up.

Spinning reserve in the grid is equipment that capable of long-term generation very quickly. In the case of hydroelectric dams, they will often cut off the water supply to some of the turbines and use air pressure to push the water out of the way; the generator attached to the turning essentially turns into a motor and keeps the turbine spinning. If you need to bring it online, you open the water valve and let the air out.

Similar situation with natural gas-fired simple cycle turbines. They’re sitting there running at low output. Need more? Just add fuel. For combined cycle it might take a bit for the boiler to warm up for full output but having the first stage running full tilt will get it warmed up fast.
by some_furry | 2025-04-29 01:40:36+00:00
This is mostly unrelated to what you wrote, Thomas, but I wanted to add something that HN users might benefit from hearing:

It's important to use a carefully designed AEAD mode rather than assembling it yourself out of parts. If you try to combine a block cipher mode and message authenticator together, you might screw it up in a really funny way: https://soatok.blog/2021/07/30/canonicalization-attacks-agai...

Sanketh's talk at Real World Crypto 2024 about Next-Generation AEADs is also worth a watch for anyone that, for whatever weird reason, feels at all motivated to invent a new wheel here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7GBzKytVjH4
by fpoling | 2025-04-29 01:40:51+00:00
Coal is cheaper than natural gas and much more evenly distributed on Earth so even small countries can secure supply either from own territory or at least from many other countries. And rising efficiency of a coal plant directly reduces emissions.

Then presently coal plants are less flexible with throttling with their output compared with natural gas. The new alloy may level the field and make coal plants to fit better with renewables.
by trollbridge | 2025-04-29 01:41:41+00:00
Well, Bakersfield at al is not exactly a "future region" - it's been there for a long time with a giant freeway into it (and railroads, too, including rail service from Bakersfield all the way to Stockton with connections to San Francisco and Sacramento) and it has remained a sleepy agricultural corridor. The weather is awful and it's just not where most people in California want to live.
by stephen_g | 2025-04-29 01:43:46+00:00
That's still something that wouldn't be that difficult to change in the future. Probably easier to fund once the initial system is operational and the case for the extra expenditure is clearly demonstrable.

Having it connect into Caltrain is probably something that is nice to have anyway (like if there's maintenance required in the hypothetical tunnel or whatever kind of direct bypass, so you can still run services on the slower route) so it's not a waste to have both.
by Spooky23 | 2025-04-29 01:44:29+00:00
Capacity is cheap especially if you dedupe. IO is expensive.

Most people don’t have that much data, and capacity grows over time with new drives.

But… you need to be really disciplined to make money in a low margin business. I remember running the numbers on replicating something like backblaze in-house. It was just barely achievable, although I wasn’t crazy enough to shuck disks or build arrays.
by trollbridge | 2025-04-29 01:45:08+00:00
Transit to... Bakersfield? It's 112 miles from Los Angeles. Dumping high-speed rail (which in the current plan won't be high speed at all between Bakersfield and LA, but is going to be a slow, circuitous route going through Palmdale and Lancaster) is not really going to be realistic for any kind of commuting to LA.

There is a reason these cities never got developed more than they are. It's kind of flat, unappealing scenery and it's boiling hot in the summer. People would rather live in LA. California has huge swathes of land with very, very low population density because nobody wants to live there.