MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by anal_reactor | 2025-04-17 09:13:29+00:00
> It is only surprising to those who refuse to understand how LLMs work and continue to anthropomorphise them. There is no being “truthful” here, the model has no concept of right or wrong, true or false. It’s not “lying” to you, it’s spitting out text. It just so happens that sometimes that non-deterministic text aligns with reality, but you don’t really know when and neither does the model.

My problem with this attitude is that it's surprisingly accurate for humans, especially mentally disabled ones. While I agree that something is "missing" about how LLMs display their intelligence, I think it's wrong to say that LLMs are "just spitting out text, they're not intelligent". To me, it is very clear that LLM models do display intelligence, even if said intelligence is a bit deficient, and even if it weren't, it wouldn't be exactly the type of intelligence we see in people.

My point is, the phrase "AI" has been thrown around pointlessly for a while already. Marketing people would sell a simple 100-line programs with a few branches as "AI", but all common people would say that this intelligence is indeed just a gimmick. But when ChatGPT got released, something flipped. Something feels different about talking to ChatGPT. Most people see that there is some intelligence in there, and it's just a few old men yelling at the clouds "It's not intelligence! It's just statistical token generation!" as though these two were mutually exclusive.

Finally, I'd like to point out you're not "alive". You're just a very complex chemical reaction/physical interaction. Your entire life can be explained using organic chemistry and a bit of basic physics. Yet for some reason, most people decide not to think of life in this way. They attribute complex personalities and emotionaly to living beings, even though it's mostly hormones and basic chemistry again. Why?
by balalayuki | 2025-04-17 09:14:17+00:00
How to properly configure and deploy the damn-vulnerable-MCP-server for local penetration testing? I’ve followed the README steps, but the server fails to start with a ‘Port 8080 already in use’ error. Are there specific dependency requirements or recommended isolation practices (e.g., Docker) to avoid conflicts? Additionally, could you clarify the intended vulnerabilities in the MCP protocol implementation for focused testing (e.g., buffer overflow, auth flaws)?
by Moru | 2025-04-17 09:14:25+00:00
We did something like that starting up our ISP with fiber installations. The whole village helped digging the trenches, pulling the fiber. The welding we got a little lesson on, and then had a few people doing the fiber welding all over the village with borrowed equipment. This was about 25 years ago, webserver was running on a then ancient 8086 (or 286?) running Linux :-)
by yetihehe | 2025-04-17 09:15:18+00:00
> how these people write so much code and make incredible stuff.

They like writing code and making some small stuff for fun. So they write some code, see it maybe has potential and keep writing code. If it has no potential, they drop it happy that they got some experience and start doing next thing. Repeat it with thousands of hobbyists and some of them are bound to have great success. But you need to like doing the tinkering. It's not like they wake up one day and say "let's write the biggest and most popular operating system in the world". They start with "I wrote a small interesting thing, but I don't think it will be big, maybe you will find it interesting"[1].

If you don't know how to start something big, start small on something interesting to you and maybe it will be useful and share with people. When you know how to start some small things, then go to bigger things.

> like how did he come up with Linux, Git.

Linux - he had some books and materials about how to write operating systems, he wanted to try it himself, he sit and coded what he feels would be right. Maybe he had some outline of "what OS needs to have" in his head or a small paper page on his desk.

Git - the same, but he had idea for better control version system after having experience with all the other systems. It's hard to invent entirely new systems that will actually be good, but it looks like you actually need to know all the other approaches and willing to try something new (invention).

> What was their first lines of code, how they planned, brainstormed it.

Typically you know what needs to be done, have some outline from knowing similar systems/programs/approaches and you fill in the blanks in the way you think will be better. If you don't know what will be better - find something that you know how to improve. If you don't know how to improve anything - improve yourself first, read and try reimplementing some tools yourself, so that you gain experience. You will have to throw out a lot of failed codebases, but it's normal for any self-improvement path in any endeavour, programming or crafts.

Also you should read FAQ[2] and add [Ask HN] to front of title.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Linux#The_creation_...

[2] https://news.ycombinator.com/newsfaq.html
by jackchina | 2025-04-17 09:15:23+00:00
It sounds like you're weighing the trade-offs between a traditional SPA with a CRUD backend and SSR with edge compute. SSR (like SvelteKit with Cloudflare Workers) offers benefits like improved SEO, faster initial load times, and better edge caching, but it can add complexity and cost. Hosting on services like Cloudflare Workers can be efficient for serverless execution, though it might increase your hosting bill compared to a simple VPS. If your team values simplicity and you don't need extensive SSR features, a separate backend with FastAPI/Svelte might be the more cost-effective and maintainable approach. The choice depends on project scale and team preference.
by ongy | 2025-04-17 09:15:45+00:00
The encryption itself may not be.

Establishing the initial exchange of crypto key material can be.

That's where certificates are important because they add identity and prevent spoofing.

With TOFU, if the first use is on an insecure network, this exchange is jeopardized. And in this case, the encryption is not with the intended partner and thus does not need to be attacked.
by phtrivier | 2025-04-17 09:16:13+00:00
> Interesting. In effect I think you are asking how the opposition should appeal to the supporters.

Exactly. The opposition has to realize that they are outnumbered, at the moment ; but this is not a static or permanent things.

By definition, every majority hangs on "swing voters", and is ousted when the swing voters decide to swing again.

"Appealing to your base" is how you win primaries ; if you continue beyond that, and insist on "purity", "support 100% of our causes, or you're a facist", while the other side has a "big tent" strategy, then you only alienate potential supporters, and opposition is going to be long.

(Caveat: of course, this assumes pretty "normal" conditions where elections happen fairly, on a regular basis, etc...)

Also, about the role of "kids" in those discussion, one side obviously knows how to do it _very_ well: [1]

[1] https://heated.world/p/climate-science-isnt-giving-your
by pjc50 | 2025-04-17 09:16:20+00:00
Grimly, it was the shooting of a large number of demonstrators that pushed the rest of the country, the "centrists" and the "apolitical", off the fence.

I don't know whether that would work in America. The Vegas shooter killed 60 and injured several hundred people, to zero political effect. BLM riots incurred a lot of injuries but very few actual deaths. I suspect Amerimaidan would go very badly and be easily demonized in the media.
by avodonosov | 2025-04-17 09:16:48+00:00
You are right that the scheme I described is vulnerable. Even without MITM. Just fakeserver.com upon receiving request from client sends equal request to server.com, which creates the needed DNS record and thus real client is "convinced" that fakeserver.com controls DNS.

But that just a nuance that could be fixed. I elaborate little more on what I mean in https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43712754

Thx for pointing to DANE.
by dewey | 2025-04-17 09:16:56+00:00
You are thinking like a developer. In reality that means that now they are responsible for it, if MarkMonitor messes something up they can use their relationship to all the registrars to fix the problem and MarkMonitor is on the hook in case anything goes wrong.

This is a better situation to be in than some internal tooling that failed to notify someone because it got forgotten after the developer left.
by SebastianKra | 2025-04-17 09:17:02+00:00
> That doesn't work for the model defined in this post. Because now each post is a request to the server instead of one single request that returns a rendered list of posts.

Thats where you’re wrong. The JSX snippet that I posted above gets turned into:

{ type: "src/ClientHoverCard.js#ClientHoverCard", props: { preview: // this is already rendered on the server children: // this is already rendered on the server } }

If you wanted to fade the entire post when pressing the delete button without contexts, you’d create a client component like this:

"use client" function DeletablePost({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) { const [isDeleted, setDeleted] = useState(false) return <div style={{ opacity: isDeleted ? 0.5 : 1 }}> {children} <DeleteButton onChange={setDeleted} /> </div> }

And pass it a server component like this:

<DeletablePost> <ServerPost /> </DeletablePoast>
by bawolff | 2025-04-17 09:17:13+00:00
> Better - estimate complexity so things like "this algorithm will take 1234 + 2n + 500m operations " for our use case

I feel like that is never the level of detail you want.

Either that is way too much detail and big-oh notation abstracts away the meaningless stuff.

Or, if this level of detail matters, then you really need to go much further. Think about cache hit ratios, memory layout issues, different speed of different operations, etc.

Calculating number of operations is a weird middle ground that seems pretty useless.
Show HN: Crosspay – We built cross-platform subs because Apple rejected our app
by pcvetkovski | 2025-04-17 09:17:16+00:00
Hey HN,

We built Crosspay (by Maxint) because we were forced to. Here's the story:

Our app, Maxint, started on iOS/Android using RevenueCat for IAPs. We expanded to the Web, integrating Stripe, and later migrated to Adapty hoping for easier management. Everything seemed okay until we tried listing our MacOS app on the App Store.

Apple's requirement for native MacOS App Store in-app purchases became a hard blocker. The tools we used (and others we looked at) couldn't unify subscriptions across iOS (App Store), Android (Google Play), Web (Stripe), and MacOS (App Store) under a single user entitlement. Apple kept rejecting our app.

Faced with maintaining fragmented subscription logic or building our own unifier, we built Crosspay. It's designed to handle purchases from any of these platforms and sync the user's subscription status so they buy once and get access everywhere (iOS, Android, Web, MacOS, Linux and Windows).

It tackles the developer headache of reconciling disparate systems and the user frustration of multiple subs.

Try Crosspay on Maxint https://maxint.com/

Did you run into this MacOS IAP issue? We're keen to hear your thoughts, questions, and feedback!
by SpecialistK | 2025-04-17 09:20:03+00:00
QEMU support exists, but needs TLC. The best it can do is "mac99" which emulates a 1st generation PowerMac G4 - it can run 9.2 - 10.5. But in my experience via UTM on a modern MacBook, it gains some Geekbench points like memory speed but loses a lot in others like integer performance.

I'm very glad that it exists but is not at a point where a powerful Ryzen or Apple Mx can compile (much) faster than real hardware.
by ta8645 | 2025-04-17 09:20:45+00:00
If life is very common in the universe, then that is probably bad news for us. It means that civilizations should exist that are millions of years more technologically advanced than us; and should be leaving telltale signatures across the sky that we'd likely have detected by now. And the absence of those signs would be relatively strong evidence that life, while common, isn't long-lived. Suggesting that our demise too, will come before too long.

If, on the other hand, life is relatively rare, or we're the sole example, our future can't be statistically estimated that way.
by pjc50 | 2025-04-17 09:21:03+00:00
That's still very much ordering a mob hit, not a judicial process. The Egyptian citizen didn't get due process either.

So much of this stuff comes from the war on terror. It's all extended Guantanamo. The movie creation of a category of bad guys so bad that they can't be afforded court process and instead are murdered on the basis of secret "evidence".
by metalman | 2025-04-17 09:22:11+00:00
only know to be produced.....is a whoa bessy phrase,?¿ as in 70 years ago an undergraduate figured out that dimethyl sulfide was produced by living organisms and he asked his professor what else made it, and got shrug and "nothing else I know of" and everybody has been cutting and pasting since, OR, an international team spent years and millions working on the chemistry behind dimethyl sufide in an epic known to all quest to determine it's origins. Science does have an issue with cutting and pasting ancient mistakes, and then bieng exceptionaly reluctant to change and move forward, not to mention that SETI, and the rest of "alien" research is most definitly tainted with public fantasy and entertainment industry influence, so even with one of the notoriously oderiferous sulfide compounds present, I wont hold my breath
by yetihehe | 2025-04-17 09:22:13+00:00
> And they never gave up until then.

Talent is simply "I will not give up until the results satisfy me". I learned to play one complicated song in one silly social game. People compliment me that I have talent. I don't. I just remember how to play this one complicated song because I liked it and I learned to play it over about 100 hours of trying again and again over half a year. Only two things are needed:

1. Wanting to do it or learn it, plus some source material.

2. Not giving up for at least 100 hours (non-continuous) and trying to be better, no matter how many times you need to repeat it.
by Sonnigeszeug | 2025-04-17 09:25:11+00:00
A few years back i saw a documentary about kids in a third world country were it is normal to use plastic bags for drinking soda.

These kids couldn't understand that the plastic garbage in their own nature is not part of nature.

Nonetheless, depending on what rules you mean, there are a lot of people who show that logic or 'truth' is not the same for everyone.

People believing in a god, ghosts, conspiricy theories, flat earth etc.

I'm more curious if the 'self' can only be trained if you have a clear line of control. We learn what the self is because there is a part which we can control and than there is a part which we can't control.
by rendaw | 2025-04-17 09:25:52+00:00
The english ones are just the tip of the iceberg:

NLP: https://amazon.co.jp/dp/4820718363

Civil code: https://amazon.co.jp/dp/4816367160

Horce racing, pedigrees: https://amazon.co.jp/dp/4801490808

Adler psychology: https://amazon.co.jp/dp/4046010118
by hannah_creator | 2025-04-17 09:25:52+00:00
I wanted to share a website I've built called Schedule 1 Mix (https://schedule-1-mix.com/). It's designed to be a comprehensive resource for players looking to craft perfect recipes, understand in-game effects, and ultimately boost their profits within schedule1.

You'll find guides, calculators, and regular updates there. I thought it might be helpful for others in the community interested in this area.
by pjc50 | 2025-04-17 09:26:30+00:00
> Trump can play the "tribal" card to his base very easily

Well, yes. It's the Pinochet situation; I'm sure the majority of white Americans can be propaganda'd into supporting having dissidents thrown out of helicopters.

> harm done by the trump administration to kids of white, non immigrants, conservative, affluent, christian, devouts, mainstream and influencial Americans

The whole point of a fascist setup with personal rule is that those people will get almost instantly exempted from any of this stuff happening to them. Whether that's by the discretion of agents on the ground or as soon as it reaches the media. And including in cases where they've committed actual crimes.
by smitty1e | 2025-04-17 09:26:51+00:00
> You're not engaging

By what rule am I engaging? It sounds as though there is a hierarchy on offer here, based upon salary/benefits, no?

The point I'm after here is that, while salary/benefits are a relatively straightforward metric, they are not the only metric.

Do we have rules of thumb by which we come to an initial evaluation of situations? Of course we do. But let us leave a little wiggle room and not close the case until the whole situation is understood, say I.

Really, avicebron.
by weinzierl | 2025-04-17 09:27:55+00:00
"Now that we understand differentiation, let’s move on to programming. So far, we’ve only considered mathematical functions, but we can easily translate our perspective to programs. For simplicity, we’ll only consider pure functions, i.e. functions whose output depends solely on its parameters (no state)."

I think I've seen this notion that the constraint is pureness also in documentation of autodiff libraries, but this cannot be strong enough, right?

It easy enough to come up with functions that are nowhere differentiable. So my question is, what are the actual requirements a state of the art autodiff library has for the input function and why do people focus on the pureness aspect if that is probably the least of the problems.
by adrian_b | 2025-04-17 09:28:41+00:00
Most packages with beryllium oxide have been abandoned long ago, beryllia being replaced with aluminum nitride.

Because aluminum nitride is not as good as beryllia, packages with beryllia have survived for some special applications, like military, aerospace or transistors for high-power radio transmitters.

Those packages are not dangerous, unless someone attempts to grind them, but their high price (caused by the difficult manufacturing techniques required to avoid health risks, and also by the rarity of beryllium) discourages their use in any other domains.
by metalman | 2025-04-17 09:28:46+00:00
smart move, to shut down internal dissent, on.something the rest of the industry is moving towards as fast as possible, up.to including flying robo taxis bieng given the green light in China. Given that tesla, and the varios x group have very deap resouces pertaining to navigation and automation, an internal report of iminent failure does seem very strange indeed
by dcow | 2025-04-17 09:29:14+00:00
Your router should use acme with a your-slug.network.home (a communal one would be nice, but more realistically some vendor specific domain suffix that you could cname) domain name and then you should access it via that, locally. your router should run ideally splitbrain dns for your network. if you want you can check a box and make everything available globally via dns-sd.
by pas | 2025-04-17 09:29:30+00:00
And, for the full picture it's probably important to consider that the main claim of the book is based on very unreliable data/methodology. (Though note that it does not necessarily make the claim false! See [1])

https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2017/10/pi...

And then later similar claims about inequality were similarly made using bad methodology (data).

https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2023/12/th...

[1] "Indeed, in some cases, Sutch argues that it has risen more than Piketty claims. Sutch is rather a journeyman of economic history upset not about Piketty’s conclusions but about the methods Piketty used to reach those conclusions."
by nurettin | 2025-04-17 09:30:06+00:00
Not to take away from you personally, but civilization as we understand it is our own cliche.

Organisms developed on different planets could absolutely have a different view on life and society in general. Even on earth we have highly intelligent and physically capable organisms that care naught for your conceptions of how groups should function together. There are even organisms that seem to have no intersection with our set of interests that are way more successful in terms of populating earth and invading space. Putting our understanding and interests at some panacea is just hubris.
by okamiueru | 2025-04-17 09:31:40+00:00
Not sure how bad it could be given the hypothetical "millions of years more technologically advanced". They'd need to have a pretty good reason to care about us. Otherwise, we'd be so insignificant that it seems much more likely that whatever natural resources they'd want, would also be likely nearer and easier to obtain.

War-mongering, and otherwise zero-sum mentality shouldn't make all sense if they have the technology to actually reach us. [3-body spoiler warning] Kinda like in the Three Body Problem. It was kinda silly how advanced the Trisolarian were, while still bothering traveling to earth, rather than approach the problem in any number of more obvious ways
by otabdeveloper4 | 2025-04-17 09:32:45+00:00
> It just seems so unlikely that we are somehow that special.

That prior is formed by sci-fi media, not science.

> I always felt it overwhelmingly likely that it developed elsewhere too

"Life" is an information complexity characteristic. We know that information complexity is not uniformly distributed in the universe, and in fact the vast majority of the universe is extremely information-poor. Logically from the scientific data you'd assume that "life" in the universe also has a very lopsided distribution.
by meindnoch | 2025-04-17 09:34:22+00:00
For any function f(n) the problem "compute 2^f(n)" is going to be Ω(f(n)), because the output is f(n) bits; so merely writing down the answer takes Ω(f(n)) steps.

Note, that the number n is the input here, which is k = log(n) bits long. So the runtime is actually Ω(f(2^log(n))) = Ω(f(2^k)).
by TheDong | 2025-04-17 09:34:34+00:00
Even simpler, you're just trying to figure out if it halts or not, not the exact length of the cycle, so you can do it with only a single counter for the total number of states.

Say you have a machine with 128 bits of state, if it halts in 2^128 (roughly 340 undecillion) steps, that means it halts. If it's still going after 2^128 steps, then it'll keep going forever.

So, to see if a 128 bit machine halts, you only need an extra 128 bits to count up 1-by-1 to 2^128.

Sure, you also need a few thousand times the lifetime of the known universe just to count that high, but you know, It's O(2^128) instructions which means it's O(1).

Good luck doing that on any machine with any real amount of memory of course. Really easy to write "just count to 2^128", but not so easy to do it.
by exe34 | 2025-04-17 09:36:10+00:00
Did you read the parent in haste or did they edit their post? They said:

> [1] It means that civilizations should exist that are millions of years more technologically advanced than us;

> [2] and should be leaving telltale signatures across the sky that we'd likely have detected by now.

> [3] And the absence of those signs would be relatively strong evidence that life, while common, isn't long-lived.

> [4]Suggesting that our demise too, will come before too long.

So they were talking about the great filter, not alien invasions, which is what you appear to be replying to.