MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by furyofantares | 2025-04-29 01:45:25+00:00
I similarly have a small, simple spatial reasoning problem that only reasoning models get right, and not all of them, and which Qwen3 on max reasoning still gets wrong.

> I put a coin in a cup and slam it upside-down on a glass table. I can't see the coin because the cup is over it. I slide a mirror under the table and see heads. What will I see if I take the cup (and the mirror) away?
by ryao | 2025-04-29 01:47:29+00:00
That does not show the comparator being inlined since everything was folded into a constant, although I suppose it was. Neat.

Edit: It sort of works for the bsearch() standard library function:

https://godbolt.org/z/3vEYrscof

However, it optimized the binary search into a linear search. I wanted to see it implement a binary search, so I tried with a bigger array:

https://godbolt.org/z/rjbev3xGM

Now it calls bsearch instead of inlining the comparator.
by ModernMech | 2025-04-29 01:47:46+00:00
Like I said, I've heard all those words already. They don't clear anything up. I'm asking you if there are more words I haven't heard.

Here's the transcript: https://singjupost.com/rfk-jr-holds-press-conference-on-new-...

When he speaks here he says things like:

So about 25% of the kids who are diagnosed with autism are nonverbal, non-toilet trained, and have other stereotypical features, headbanging, tactile and light sensitivities, stimming, toe-locking, et cetera.

Aside from not being toilet trained, the rest of that applies to me. So am I "profoundly autistic"? I mean, maybe but at the same time I don't think that's really what he means. So you can see my confusion. Is he talking about me or isn't he? Because he's listing off things I do all the time, and calling the these features of "profound autism".

He also says:

"with full-blown autism, headbanging, non-verbal, non-toilet trained, stimming, toe walking, these other stereotypical features. "

Again, not incredibly clear by my reading. Very broad brush being applied here.

In the whole speech, he doesn't refer to autism as a "spectrum" disorder once until he's prompted by a reporter in those terms. Telling, because he clearly views autism as a binary of high/low functioning or high/low needs, which it's not. So again, painting autism with a broad brush.

Then there's this:

Then you have to ask yourself, why is it so pervasive? Why has it been thrown up against us for so many years? Clearly, there are industries. This is coming from an environmental toxin. Somebody made a profit by putting that environmental toxin into our air, our water, our medicines, our food. It’s to their benefit to normalize it, to say, this is all normal. It’s always been here.

Yeah, so let me get this straight, RFK says this and yet it's the autism community who you think are the conspiracy theorists?
Show HN: Recoverlette – templating for docx->pdf cover letters using MSGraph
by ycombiredd | 2025-04-29 01:48:49+00:00
The link goes to the Wiki to explain why there was a need (for me at least) for this. The README has the technical and usage details. The code works at least at the PoC level, but I acknowledge that the setup requirements are a bit complicated; I think this is unavoidable if you don't want to use a SaaS for this, yet ironically you do have the Azure SaaS/PaaS at your disposal.
by matheusmoreira | 2025-04-29 01:48:49+00:00
Stupid doesn't quite do it justice. Even Mark Twain who once argued for perpetual copyright compromised at the grandchildren: "let them take care of themselves". And yet here we are, watching an "estate" defend its state granted monopoly on the works of the dead for the benefit of grandchildren.

Macaulay is eerily prescient on the matter.

https://www.thepublicdomain.org/2014/07/24/macaulay-on-copyr...

> even if I believed in a natural right of property, independent of utility and anterior to legislation, I should still deny that this right could survive the original proprietor

> even those who hold that there is a natural right of property must admit that rules prescribing the manner in which the effects of deceased persons shall be distributed are purely arbitrary, and originate altogether in the will of the legislature

> It is good that authors should be remunerated; and the least exceptionable way of remunerating them is by a monopoly. Yet monopoly is an evil. For the sake of the good we must submit to the evil; but the evil ought not to last a day longer than is necessary for the purpose of securing the good.

> the evil effects of the monopoly are proportioned to the length of its duration. But the good effects for the sake of which we bear with the evil effects are by no means proportioned to the length of its duration.

> We all know how faintly we are affected by the prospect of very distant advantages, even when they are advantages which we may reasonably hope that we shall ourselves enjoy. But an advantage that is to be enjoyed more than half a century after we are dead, by somebody, we know not by whom, perhaps by somebody unborn, by somebody utterly unconnected with us, is really no motive at all to action.

> At present the holder of copyright has the public feeling on his side. [...] Pass this law: and that feeling is at an end.

> On which side indeed should the public sympathy be when the question is whether some book as popular as “Robinson Crusoe” or the “Pilgrim’s Progress” shall be in every cottage, or whether it shall be confined to the libraries of the rich for the advantage of the great-grandson of a bookseller
by tonyarkles | 2025-04-29 01:49:04+00:00
Yeah, I think it really helps to think about the grid as basically one giant spinning machine. Everything is connected with wires instead of driveshafts, obviously, but a low frequency means that all of those machines that are burning fuel to try to spin at the right speed can’t generate enough torque to spin the rest of the machine at the right speed. And on the other side, spinning too fast means that all of the machines are burning too much fuel and need to slow the heck down right now (which can be hard to do with, for example, nuclear).
by smileybarry | 2025-04-29 01:49:31+00:00
Wasabi used to be the cheaper option when B2 didn't offer variable free egress. B2 was basically "cheaper S3" as it still charged $0.005/GB for egress, while Wasabi was free egress (I think their upper limit used to be >1x your storage, so maybe that changed, or I'm misremembering?).

If your storage was fairly consistent, not tiny, and you intended to pull it regularly, Wasabi would come out on top. B2's egress change probably shifted the scales to favor B2 for those cases.
by shipp02 | 2025-04-29 01:51:00+00:00
To everyone saying SF-LA already has plenty of flights, consider the following benefits of trains:

- No need to worry about how much luggage I have. It will likely be a minimal charge if there is even one

- Trains are more comfortable with larger seats, usually

- Trains will make tickets cheaper, putting downward pressure on flight tickets as well (competition)

- Less security theatre and less worrying about what I can and can't carry

- You can still have good internet access

This is in addition to the environmental benefits of trains.

Perfect is the enemy of good. More sections and branches can be added. Piecemeal is how transportation infrastructure grows everywhere. It does not come to fulfill everyone's needs all at once.
by hxtk | 2025-04-29 01:51:23+00:00
Suppose you have a server with its own encryption key, and a key-value database full of encrypted data (secured by this root keyset) associated with a user.

Even if I gain access to the database, if the keys are managed securely, I can't read another user's data (or even really my own). I have to go through the authorization logic of the application that will decrypt it on my behalf.

However, if I can create a row in the database with my ID and another user's data, I can then convince the server I am authorized to view that cell, and it will happily decrypt it on my behalf, assuming something like AES-CTR or some other stream cipher without authentication.

Authenticated encryption like AES-CTR-HMAC solves that problem, because now the application will see that I am authorized to view that cell (because it sees the user ID matches mine) and it will decrypt it for me (using that user ID as the associated data), but the decryption will fail because the associated data does not match, leaving me unable to exfiltrate the data that I convinced the server belonged to me, and probably setting off some kind of alarm because that sort of decryption should never fail unless things have been tampered with.

I'm not overly fond of the example and I find it confusing as well. I think the example may be a bit confusing because the term "authentication" is overloaded between application-level authentication and cryptographic authentication, i.e., "if the chat protocol authenticates the user ID" sounds like it is talking about the user logging into the server securely. The user is authenticated by having a secret negotiated with the server. In the next bullet, they talk about "authenticating" the associated data, referring to it in the cryptographic context, but they don't indicate why that would be a problem because in their example, the malicious actor still doesn't have the key. The article handwaves it as "the attacker might be creative."

If they had the key, but not the associated data, you'd still be in a relatively bad situation, because the associated data is not secret. It doesn't serve as a second key because it is not high enough entropy and is ideally zero entropy conditional on already having all information from the originating context.
by bigyabai | 2025-04-29 01:51:42+00:00
The US has made a number of mistakes in that department, but I don't think sanctions is one of them. Given that China is still struggling to match EULV processes from second-rate fabs, I'd even argue the sanctions are working as-intended.

Stopping China from making chips was never a choice - even Russia has domestic fabs. It is an option to withhold the IP required to match the leading foreign exporters, though. That's what happened, and the outcome isn't much different from what was expected.
by magicalhippo | 2025-04-29 01:53:31+00:00
> 4 bit is absolutely fine.

For larger models.

For smaller models, about 12B and below, there is a very noticeable degradation.

At least that's my experience generating answers to the same questions across several local models like Llama 3.2, Granite 3.1, Gemma2 etc and comparing Q4 against Q8 for each.

The smaller Q4 variants can be quite useful, but they consistently struggle more with prompt adherence and recollection especially.

Like if you tell it to generate some code without explaining the generated code, a smaller Q4 is significantly more likely to explain the code regardless, compared to Q8 or better.
by fredo2025 | 2025-04-29 01:54:16+00:00
It’s not just restarting it that’s difficult. There are the side effects like what happened in NY: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City_blackout_of_1977

> have some cash at home

For maybe the first 24 hours at a grocery store, and then not so sure. Would your neighbors sell you supplies and food? Maybe not? And so many places now depend on cashless transactions and doubtful they have pen, paper, lockbox, and safe as a contingency plan.
by noisy_boy | 2025-04-29 01:55:16+00:00
If I have all the time in the world, sure. When I'm racing against a deadline, I don't want to wrestle with the borrow checker too. Sure, it's objections help with the long term quality of the code and reduce bugs but that's hard to justify to a manager/process driven by Agile and Sprints. Quite possible that an experienced Rust dev can be very productive but there aren't tons of those going around.

Java has the stigma of ClassFactoryGeneratorFactory sticking to it like a nasty smell but that's not how the language makes you write things. I write Java professionally and it is as readable as any other language. You can write clean, straightforward and easy to reason code without much friction. It's a great general purpose language.
by atleastoptimal | 2025-04-29 01:55:43+00:00
Reading stuff like this is so tiresome. Is the fate of living in the United States just watching China casually lap us in every possible major infrastructural project, completing everything faster, cheaper, and at a much higher quality?

It feels almost humiliating at this point reading any story about a public works/transportation project in the US, just endless delays, comically high costs, and a strangely small focus on the actual material realities of the matter and a failure to deliver promises on time.
by dylan604 | 2025-04-29 01:55:59+00:00
Putting you money where you mouth goes has limits too though. In poker, there's the concept of buying the pot. As a short, you can try to continue funding your play in hopes everyone else becomes convinced. Of course, you're also going to want to use your position to convince others your play is sound with whatever you have at your disposal. So blog away and convince everyone you are the sane play while hoping nobody realizes your description of the emperor's clothes is made up
by babyent | 2025-04-29 01:56:22+00:00
You know most of these are business travelers right?

The last thing I want (as a former consultant who did like 400k plus miles flying) is to spend more time traveling.

Not to mention flights booked out in advance are like sub 200 bucks, or even 100-150. It takes like 2-3 hours from leaving home to arriving at destination.

Have you flown between SFO and LAX? SFO is easy to get to, no real headaches. So is San Jose and Oakland. LA is a hellhole when it comes to getting to an airport regardless of where you are in that sprawl. LAX is a nightmare unless you’re already working in El Segundo. Otherwise you’ll fly out of Burbank or the other one I forget the name now depending on where you are.

Once you have flown like 4-5 weeks in a row you learn how to board your flight just-in-time. I’d almost always arrive at the gate like 5-10 minutes before departure and never missed a single flight.

The train is slow AF and from experience riding Amtrack (daily for over a year) if it’s anywhere similar to that the train will be delayed more often than the flight.
by UncleMeat | 2025-04-29 01:56:57+00:00
It is true that basically every public figure has people screaming at them on twitter or bluesky constantly. This is probably bad in general, and I think it is worth understanding how this sort of thing can affect the opinions and behaviors of public figures. I suspect that I wouldn't respond well to waking up every day to having people yell at me online.

But this effect isn't politically aligned with the left. So it becomes frustrating when this is used exclusively to criticize the left and to excuse the right.

I'm curious if you've ever interacted with law enforcement organizations for something like this. Remember, my friend gets regular death threats. Even if somehow magically the FBI acted on the first one, will they act on the 10th?

And no, public universities do not hire private investigators via their legal office to track down death threats their faculty receive.
by appreciatorBus | 2025-04-29 01:57:20+00:00
Tbf the reason we treat autos risk like this is less about the extreme risk of autos and more about politics and culture.

There 1001 ways we could ensure that most of the cost and externalities of driving are not foisted on others, but we don’t do that because so many people drive and most vote, if they think getting fewer auto deaths means they’ll have to pay $0.01 for parking or that they might be 1% more likely to be caught when they speed, they reject it.

So instead we socialize it, pushing costs, inconveniences, injuries and death on others.
by smileybarry | 2025-04-29 01:57:26+00:00
> $99/year with no limits on data, as far as I can tell.

The limit is as much data as you have plugged in. Backblaze only backs up your currently-available data, with a 30-day grace for external disks[1]. IMO, if you have a computer with a 1TB drive, you'll probably use <1TB at all times, accounting for you not using the entire 1TB locally and your changed data probably fitting in the excess. (e.g.: 800GB used space and you change <200GB over 365 days)

1: https://www.backblaze.com/computer-backup/docs/external-hard... . Essentially, if you unplug an external drive for >30 days, that drive's backup will be deleted.
by godelski | 2025-04-29 01:57:37+00:00
I mean you could... but good luck getting global agreement on that and realistically no. It is a thing that sounds nice and could look nice on paper but real world complications will result in issues pretty fast. Sounds like a great way to start a war as treaty violations will be inevitable and unavoidable.

If you divide up by altitude: it requires significant negotiation to place a vehicle (an arbitrary spacecraft or satellite) in any location.

If you partition by location (e.g. project current airspace upwards): your vehicles can't abide by these rules. They must orbit the planet. They will eventually go over most countries.

If you partition by orbit: you have to contend with precession. Craft drift[0,1]. This is because Earth is an oblate spheroid and not a sphere. It is also caused by angular momentum itself, so your orbit rotates. You will start in one and over time move into another. There's not much you can do about this and it is quite costly to maneuver (constant orbital maneuvering means an exponential increase in weight, complexity, and cost). Remember, the Earth does not rotate around in its axis in a fixed period of time, nor does it around the sun.

So really the laws of physics have you in a bind. Things are constantly moving and changing. So even the best laid plans will eventually lead to violation (and thus conflict) even through no ill-intent.

This is actually why a lot of (especially "hard") Sci-Fi has treated space travel as a global unification period. Because it becomes necessary in order to avoid conflict. This was a bigger discussion in the 60's and 70's when the initial space ventures were occurring and in the public eye, but has naturally drifted out of conversation as the underlying motivation similarly did. Though it stayed in conversation for domain experts who frequently content with this still.

tldr: No. Physics is a bitch

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nodal_precession

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apsidal_precession
by xutopia | 2025-04-29 01:57:42+00:00
I'm currently building an application to launch it soonish. I'm using Rails and doing everything myself (save for the design of the logo, and some input from a friend on UX).

What's more is that I'm building mobile applications using Hotwire Native. I'm a solo developer building 2 mobile apps(iOS and Android), supported by a fully functional web application and done with vanilla Rails with Hotwire Native.

I'm surprised how well Rails ecosystem is suited to do everything nowadays.
by s1artibartfast | 2025-04-29 01:57:46+00:00
To be clear, This publication is a theoretical model with the buzzword AI thrown in the abstract for clicks.

As far as I can tell, the individual level price discrimination isnt really included in their discussion. It isnt practical for a retailer to sell a lead loaded toy to one customer because they dont have a car, while offering and identical but safe toy to a rich customer with one.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037722172...
by kazinator | 2025-04-29 01:58:38+00:00
Yocto builds entire packages twice, for build machine and target. It patches packages, doing whatever it takes. It makes use of QEMU also.

Sure, Autotools can do this and that ... given a significantly large and busy crew of downstream packagers who compensate for this and that in their distros.

It's a lame horse that needs to be buried.

The main thing that's wrong with Autotools perhaps is that it is shielded from fixes. Autotools makes a cockery of a project's configuration, and then downstreams concentrate on fixing the cockery to get that project working right. The fixes do not go back to Autotools!

There is already very little feedback between distros and upstream projects. Most of the time distros fix things silently, get things working and never contact upstream. (I've often learned of build issues in my projects by browsing downstream issues and discussions. They do not contact you! I would patch their problem. Then check a month later after a release and yup, "patch no longer applies; upstream fixed this; issue closed").

And now Autotools is one more hop behind upstream! Most people causing problems with Autotools will never be contacted, and those that are will never fix/improve or at least report anything in Autotools. If they do, they will probably just be told they are using Autotools wrong, go away.

Thus the Autotools project is blissfully oblivious to the idea that it might be a problem. Like an elephant in the room that is lying on your sofa, sipping a margarita and watching TV.
by rglullis | 2025-04-29 01:58:43+00:00
> how many of these promoters could figure out how to set up a server by themselves

I am not talking about setting up a server by themselves. Managed hosting is a thing. People can get their own media presence without any technical expertise for less than $40/year. (https://communick.com/services/takahe) I am just talking about getting them being curious enough to find a service provider that can do it for them.
by jltsiren | 2025-04-29 01:59:14+00:00
But the short direct line might also not get built, if the projections show passenger volume will not be high enough to justify the costs.

Passenger rail has high fixed costs and low marginal costs. Even with high-speed rail, you generally want to maximize the number of passengers rather than speed. Making detours to nearby major cities often makes sense, while stopping at smaller cities the route already passes through might not.

A direct connection between Toronto and Montreal would serve one pair of major cities, while a Toronto – Ottawa – Montreal – Quebec City route would serve six. The longer route could be economically more viable, even if the costs are twice as high, as the number of potential passengers is much higher.
by bruce511 | 2025-04-29 02:00:00+00:00
Yes, and no. Sure you might have figured it out sooner. But there's a lot you learned in the other 8 months which you shouldn't negate.

You could have taken Gus' dad's advice - and you'd have saved some lot of time, but equally missed out on so much learning.

Look, most opportunities are bad, or at the very least risky. But if you wanted safe and secure you can just go get a job. Some risks are worth taking on, even if they look risky, and even if they fail.

Experience helps you at least identify the risk. Both in product and in people. Some products will just never work (), some people aren't worth working with.

() your mechanic program was likely doomed because "that's not how cars work". I was never going to be a customer because I have a mechanic who's been looking after my cars for 30 years. He always seems to have cars to work on, do I guess he's not a customer either. If I buy a car new it comes with a service plan, so I'm out that loop.

In other words I suspect your app solved a problem that's only a problem to fresh grads with their first car. And they just ask their mates, or their dad.

As you discovered you can't feature your way out of the "no market" problem. You discovered that finding a market is more important than building a product. All excellent lessons.
by bruce511 | 2025-04-29 02:05:07+00:00
It would be nice if it did, but that's not how experience works.

Which is to say that yes, we can learn from the mistakes of powers, and the story is worth telling.

For 99% of people, who want safety and security, they'll just ho get a job anyway. For the 1% who want to start something new, well 4 in 5 will fail either 5 years. Those failures are the experience needed to find success. Some get there quicker, some abandon good ideas too quickly or bad ideas too slowly.

That's how we learn along the way, and yes, absorb the lessons of others.