MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by curious_curios | 2025-04-19 12:36:57+00:00
There’s a whole world of unintuitive reasons for this kind of thing. Non-exhaustive list:

- Freelancers are OpEx, FTEs are CapEx. They are usually separate budgets so departments split.

- They want to maintain good relationships with the freelance companies in case they need to spin up staffing quickly with top talent in the future.

- They don’t have to pay some benefits and taxes on freelancers.

- Freelancers and consultants are often used to get tabs on ‘industry best practices’, i.e. what your competition is doing.

- Despite what you might think, they might actually be better than the FTEs, or at least perceived to be so.

- It’s easier to fire them when times get tough without as many rules and regulations.
by philjohn | 2025-04-19 12:39:03+00:00
Except it's efficiency for the same class of vehicles we're talking about, so a bike is an apples to oranges comparison.

Proton Exchange Membrane is 40-45% efficient. Generating hydrogen from electricity is 70% efficient - meaning for a kWh of input electricity you get 3x the motive power from a BEV.

Then rolling out a refuelling network, with the high pressure tanks and expensive delivery mechanism, will cost far more than installing EV chargers - and that's before we even get onto the CURRENT penetration of EV chargers vs Hydrogen filling stations today (16 in the UK, 54 in the ENTIRE US, and not growing).

Hydrogen might be the solution to emissions from haulage, but BEV's are more than good enough compared to the ICE cars they're replacing for 99.9% of motorists needs. Yes, I'm ignoring the "I need to drive 1000 miles without stopping for fuel, rest, using the bathroom, come back when an EV can do THAT" people.

And on burning EV's, they catch fire at rates 20x lower than ICE cars, and LFP chemistry is far more resistant to thermal runaway.

Now lets talk cost - over the life of the car the BEV will be cheaper to run. Filling a Mirai in the UK will cost you around £90 for 400 miles of range. Charging my EV6 from 0 to 100 will cost me £5.50 for 300 miles of range. We're talking near orders of magnitude difference in cost per mile here - it's almost an unfair advantage that you can charge an EV at home off peak for next to nothing.
by m4rtink | 2025-04-19 12:39:49+00:00
More likely just someone feeding all the mass of the star to a black hole for industrial purposes - eq. a Deep Well Industrial Zone: https://www.orionsarm.com/eg-article/464790d2497de

Orions Arm even has a story about how such process might look like: https://www.orionsarm.com/eg-article/46709da5de6be

You basically let material stream into a black hole, it forms an acreation disk which gets very hot and dense even before the material actually falls into the black hole. The temperatture and pressure is high enough to trigger nucleosynthetic fusion reactions that generate heavy elements from lighter stuff, like the abundant hydrogen and helium. And a lot of "process heat" that can be used as energy source for other purposes. :)
by kbolino | 2025-04-19 12:40:57+00:00
I think preventing alarm fatigue is a very good reason to fix issues.

But 5% free is very low. You may want to use every single byte you feel you paid for, but allocation algorithms really break down when free space gets so low. Remember that there's not just a solid chunk of that 5% sitting around at the end of the space. That's added up over all the holes across the volume. At 20-25% free, you should already be looking at whether to get more disks and/or deciding what stuff you don't actually need to store on this volume. So a hard alarm at 5% is not unreasonable, though there should also be a way to set a soft alarm before then.
by jimnotgym | 2025-04-19 12:41:00+00:00
The West Midlands Region needs some serious sub division. Herefordshire has nothing of the brummie and Shropshire fades out from the black- country yam-yam into a border talk that is sadly dieing out due to the amount of migration from the South. It is still destinct in rural communities. Man pronounced 'mon', cold pronounced 'cowd' and sheep pronounced 'ship'. I could barely follow my father speaking to his father, due to the amount of local words they used. They were 'upper wommers' though (people who live in the hills!).
by chrismorgan | 2025-04-19 12:42:47+00:00
Depends on what you mean by sanitising.

If you mean filtering out undesirable parts of a document (e.g. disallowing <script> element or onclick attribute), that should normally be done on the server, before storage.

If instead you mean serialising, writing a value into a serialised document: then this should be done at the point you’re creating the serialised document. (That is, where you’re emitting the HTML.)

But the golden standard is not to generate serialised HTML manually, but to generate a DOM tree, and serialise that (though sadly it’s still a tad fraught because HTML syntax is such a mess; it works better in XML syntax).

This final point may be easier to describe by comparison to JSON: do you emit a JSON response by writing `{`, then writing `"some_key":`, then writing `[`, then writing `"\"hello\""` after carefully escaping the quotation marks, and so on? You can, but in practice it’s very rarely done. Rather, you create a JSON document, and then serialise it, e.g. with JSON.stringify inside a browser. In like manner, if you construct a proper DOM tree, you don’t need to worry about things like escaping.
by LinuxBender | 2025-04-19 12:48:30+00:00
Also, that does not improve the security that much especially if the IP address is later reused for something else

Hard disagree. That's one person out of the billions that is your potential adversary and highly unlikely at that. It is highly improbably that person with either know they have your old IP or that they would be a risk. Even limiting login to a ASN# or large CIDR block is monumentally better than allowing the entire internet to brute force ones account.

As an example I have a few services that I do not really care about but I still limit logins to the CIDR of my ISP. That means most of my country and all of the other countries can bang away or pound sand all day and night for millions of years and they will get nowhere.
by krapp | 2025-04-19 12:48:32+00:00
Server-side templating frameworks had context-aware escaping strategies for years before front end frameworks were even a thing. Injection attacks don't persist because this is a hard problem, they persist because security is not a priority over getting a minimum viable product to market for most webdev projects.

The old tried and true strategy of "never sanitize data, push to the database with prepared statements and escape in the templates" is basically bulletproof.
by throwaway519 | 2025-04-19 12:48:52+00:00
In addition to the answer from curious, you can't be in theposition of commissioning freelance work to yourself.

You can create and grow a dept as a salaried employee, but as soon as you start commissioning yourself you could be creating work to pay for the mortgage oft the bigger house you can suddenly afford.

Like approving your own expenses, or having a colleague friend do so and returning the favour. Stinks of fraud.
by ajb | 2025-04-19 12:50:19+00:00
This is good advice. One thing to note is that deep breathing needs to be slow. If you over oxygenate you may get weird sensations which can cause more anxiety. The standard advice seems to be 'square breathing': In for count of four, hold count of four, out for count of four, hold again for four.

Sensory overload sounds specific to some neuro divergent conditions, might not help with other people.
by mschuster91 | 2025-04-19 12:50:24+00:00
> Germany has this recurring fixation on hydrogen for whatever reason.

Hydrogen would enable a lot of very rich and powerful businesses to just pivot their business model a bit: the fossil fuel industry would have a destination for "grey hydrogen", pipeline owners could repurpose natural gas pipelines and bunkers for hydrogen, you'd still need refineries, tanker trucks to refill gas stations, you'd still need a nationwide network of gas stations in the first place...

In contrast, electric cars cut out a lot of the middlemen - once you got the car and a solar panel on your roof, you don't need _any_ of these industries any more. And you can't have that.
by Rayid | 2025-04-19 12:52:10+00:00
For now, the file size limit is 10MB, and you can choose how long the file stays — anywhere from 1 day to 30 days. As for privacy and security, everything is end-to-end encrypted in your browser using AES-GCM, so the server never sees your passkey or the unencrypted file. It's designed to be private and anonymous, with no personal data involved. I totally get the concern about trust — I’m being as transparent as possible about the process, and I want to make sure you feel confident using it. If you ever want more details or have any doubts, feel free to reach out at rayidashrafdar@gmail.com!
by ben_w | 2025-04-19 12:52:23+00:00
The cost of all the tech bought in a year is not insignificant.

Back when I was in full time education, my summer holiday job was making HVAC on a production line. The transformers I screwed into backing plates came from China.

The furniature you complain of? The furniature I have comes mostly from Ikea, which is famously not Chinese.
by perihelions | 2025-04-19 12:52:47+00:00
This is fascinating. I didn't realize there are so few cone cells, that you can step through literally *all* of them with a digital controller.

- "These laser microdoses are delivered at a rate of 10⁵ per second to a population of 10³ cones[...] individually fiber-coupled acousto-optic modulator that can modulate laser intensity up to 50 MHz[...] This laser spot is scanned in a raster pattern over a 0.9° square field of view using orthogonally oriented resonant and galvo mirrors, with a frame resolution of 512 × 256 pixels and a frame rate of 60 Hz..."

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adu1052
by jmull | 2025-04-19 12:53:26+00:00
> Roughly speaking, the latency of systems like object storage tend to have a lognormal distribution

I would dig into that. This might (or might not) be something you can do something about more directly.

That's not really an "organic" pattern, so I'd guess some retry/routing/robustness mechanism is not working the way it should. And, it might (or might not) be one you have control over and can fix.

To dig in, I might look at what's going on at the packet/ack level.
by credit_guy | 2025-04-19 12:53:45+00:00
Hydrogen is difficult to store. But it enjoys the square-cube law. If you increase the size of a tank by a factor of 2 in all 3 dimensions, the capacity increases by a factor of 8, but the cost only by a factor of 4.

Hydrogen has some huge advantages over other green options. But, also some huge disadvantages. If you want to diminish the disadvantages, you need to exploit the square-cube law, and that means you need huge scale.

In other words, hydrogen is a non-starter for cars. It has a very low chance of success for buses, but not zero. It could work very well for trains. And it could work extremely well for electricity generation at city scale.
by teekert | 2025-04-19 12:54:30+00:00
If you own a CO2 sensor you know that even at 5000 it’s not “easily detectable”… I know what is said about cognitive abilities and CO2 but I guess that’s hard to feel yourself. Moreover I doubt those results. Humans start to die at 10%, that’s (if I’m not mistaken) 100.000 ppm.

Ive had a CO2 sensor for years, take it with me usually. In the beginning I was quite shocked, but I’m starting to doubt all the bad things said about CO2 over 1000-1500 ppm now…
by homebrewer | 2025-04-19 12:55:05+00:00
And these commands are useless for programming unless you format source code in a very specific way, adding white space such that everything is split into "paragraphs" that can be thought of and operated on as a single unit.

As someone down below mentioned, programming is not as much editing text as it is massaging the underlying AST. Proper IDEs (not VSCode) in a hands of a power user who knows what his "hammer" can do (and how to invoke the necessary behaviour) are much more efficient at it compared to any text editor.
by matt_kantor | 2025-04-19 12:55:57+00:00
Say I want to tell someone about how I parse things in my programming language. It happens to use parser combinators.

If I want to avoid the term "parser combinator" because it sounds too math-y, what should I say instead? I could spend a few sentences describing what parser combinators are, but if they've already heard the term (or have the gumption to look it up) then I've wasted our time and made the discussion more convoluted for no reason. If not, they can ask me and then I can describe what they are.

> It's weird to insist that they call something by a specific name

I don't see anyone in this thread doing so.
by fc417fc802 | 2025-04-19 12:56:02+00:00
> It’s not ok to allow easy access to hardcore pornography by minors.

I don't believe anyone here suggested that it was.

> Google and others already track us

This is not related to the discussion at hand. I already explained to you. Google does not track me on non-google sites. My state government does not track my browsing history. Neither does the federal government.

> the argument against age verification on privacy grounds is weak

You are responding with nonsense and ignoring the information I provided.

> As with most things there are tradeoffs and there is no perfect solution.

An empty platitude. The thing you are arguing for fundamentally does not work to accomplish the stated goal, although it is quite likely to accomplish other unstated goals. The "tradeoff" is a systematic loss of privacy that is likely to weaken civil liberties in the long run.

> keeping the belief that your porn viewing habits are completely anonymous vs. allowing minors unfettered access

Yet another misrepresentation. At this point I have to assume that your behavior is intentional. I'm left with the impression that you are an ideologically motivated actor who is fully aware that you don't have a leg to stand on but is attempting to sway the perception of an unseen audience anyhow.

The actual choice presented here is between a "solution" that openly invites government overreach without actually solving the stated problem versus the current status quo or possibly some alternative approach. Honestly I've yet to be convinced of the issue with the current status quo. Parental controls exist. Whitelists exist. Why can't we expect parents to do their jobs by parenting?

The mainstream social networks don't permit nudity. If you really have so little faith in your own child's judgment then whitelist Facebook, Wikipedia, and a few others and call it a day. Although I do have to wonder. Assuming they're a teenager, why do you have so little faith in their cognitive abilities?

In the end I'm reasonably certain that unfettered access to social networks is far worse for development than unfettered access to hardcore pornography. C'est la vie.
by throwaway150 | 2025-04-19 12:56:03+00:00
> people are just not nice on the Internet

That's not what's happening here. People in this thread are simply asking in good faith how the server-side verifies the results submitted by the client. It’s a fair question. And an important one. In fact, it might be the most important question when making such a bold claim.

If this isn't addressed, there's no way to know that a client didn't cheat by withholding a valid counterexample. And if even one client cheats, the entire claim made in this 'Show HN' thread falls apart.
by romaaeterna | 2025-04-19 12:56:14+00:00
"Rising global temperatures are driving fungi to adapt by becoming more thermotolerant..."

Your link only mentions Candida auris. I do not find it compelling to blame this on recent global warming for two reasons: 1) Regional and seasonal temperature variation is much greater than global variation and therefore the first place to look for temperature-specific adaptation, 2) The presence of an adaptation to the human body temperature in a human pathogen is not exactly remarkable or new.

The thing about Candida auris is not that it is heat-resistant, but that it is drug resistant. IMO, it's worth looking at the evidence that the appearance of Candida auris is related to the use of agricultural antifungals in East Asian agricultural production.
by perilunar | 2025-04-19 12:57:50+00:00
> many Aussies have to drive in rural and remote areas where EVs just aren't practical

I’m currently in rural NW NSW, and it seems to me that BEVs would be ideal out here once they get a bit cheaper. Plenty of sunlight. Plenty of rooftop solar — every second house and farm shed has solar panels already. Powering farm vehicles from local solar instead of imported diesel seems logical and inevitable really.
by kbolino | 2025-04-19 12:59:00+00:00
The biggest limitation of Go's static type system vs. Python's type hints system that I can think of would be the lack of union types, with nullability a close second (and it's just a specialized application of union types in Python). An interface in Go can be anything under the hood, though you at least know that, whatever its concrete type, it does implement the methods exactly as defined.

You can definitely circumvent Go's type system with unsafe operations (with FFI also recognized as inherently unsafe) but that's a clear boundary that you know you're crossing (albeit not quite as clear as e.g. in Rust).
by PaulHoule | 2025-04-19 12:59:57+00:00
I’ve had trouble printing pictures of yellow flowers like Rudbeckia, which my camera records as 100% saturated so they are out of gamut for the camera to begin with and the yellow I do get is out of gamut for print so if I don’t bring the colors into gamut in post the printer does it for me which often looks awful.

I learned to turn on the Gamut warning in photoshop and have a choice of a few ways to bring colors into the CMYK gamut so I can make something that looks the same on the screen and print.

Blue sky in photographs are usually out of the print gamut but again, people don’t complain.

What’s bothered me the most is that when I med red-green anaglyph stereograms an sRGB red gets turned into (186,16,15) on a Display P3 monitor which includes Apple mobile devices. The excess green goes through the wrong lens to the wrong eye. This can be dealt with by attaching a color profile, but you can’t always pick one to match the device so you might attach a too-saturated profile and figure a stereogram will look weird anyway.

My bit about natural greens not being very saturated comes from the fact that grass and trees do OK in anaglyphs because they tend to the yellow side and show up enough in the red channel that it works, although now that I LUT grade my non-sports photos I am thinking of making a cube map that desaturates colors in the right way to make the left-right value balance closer.
by pella | 2025-04-19 13:00:03+00:00
- https://lllyasviel.github.io/frame_pack_gitpage/

- https://github.com/lllyasviel/FramePack

- https://github.com/lllyasviel/FramePack/issues

- https://arxiv.org/html/2504.12626v1

-------

other websites:

- https://framepack.net/

- https://framepackai.video/
by m0rde | 2025-04-19 13:02:10+00:00
I've never used Claude Code or other CLI-based agents. I use Cursor a lot to pair program, letting the AI do the majority of the work but actively guiding.

How do you keep tabs on multiple agents doing multiple things in a codebase? Is the end deliverable there a bunch of MRs to review later? Or is it a more YOLO approach of trusting the agents to write the code and deploy with no human in the loop?
by skydhash | 2025-04-19 13:03:18+00:00
I think Vim and Neovim is better suited as editors, meaning quick launch, fast localization of files and fast editing actions. And I like plugins that support this philosophy.

But the goals with emacs is to be a complete platform for anything plain text (with a bit of extra widgets). Almost whatever you need the terminal for can be replicated there, and they will share some common convention. Mail, file manager, music players, feed readers, PKM, PIM,… Tect editing is not so great, but text actions are (Slime is the best example).

I use both, but I prefer emacs’ extensibility.
by xbmcuser | 2025-04-19 13:04:25+00:00
Storage is just part of the problem with hydrogen. The process of generating hydrogen has never been cost-effective. It's just not possible to make hydrogen cheaply right now. Solar energy, on the other hand, gets so cheap that it won't make sense to produce hydrogen with it, then transport it to a city and convert it to electricity. We should just send the electricity directly.
by nkurz | 2025-04-19 13:05:12+00:00
The article has a section "Why Scots/Doric are not included" that covers this: "This map is specifically of the English language, and Scots (and its subset, Doric), are not English." It then links to another article that discusses Doric: https://starkeycomics.com/2019/03/01/every-native-british-an...
by docmechanic | 2025-04-19 13:05:27+00:00
The core of the problem is 'LLM grooming’, mentioned here and also discussed in a Washington Post article making the rounds today on HN: https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2025/04/17/llm-poi....

'This tactic is described as the deliberate deception of datasets that AI models — such as ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, Grok 3, Perplexity and others — train on by flooding them with disinformation.'
by bell-cot | 2025-04-19 13:05:59+00:00
Here's a short (12 page) and pretty easy article from The Astrophysical Journal (2003), about end of life for massive stars. And why some would "directly" collapse (no big & bright supernova) into black holes.

https://open.clemson.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1006&co...
by MyPasswordSucks | 2025-04-19 13:06:37+00:00
I think the best way to go (if you're the "Good Samaritan Who Wants to Do His Civic Duty but Also Doesn't Want to End Up Spending the Week in Nerd Court") is to fork it, fix it, and leave a brief comment in the issue thread that says "hey, I fixed this in my fork".

That way, people with the same issue who come in to the issue thread through a search aren't reduced to combing through all the forks to see if one happens to fix the issue. Then instead of spamming up the thread with "me too, this is soo frustrating, fix asap pls", they can spam it up with "merge this fork into the main project asap pls" :-)
by anorwell | 2025-04-19 13:06:43+00:00
The article posts a table of latency distributions, but the latencies are simulated based on the assumption that latencies are lognormal. I would be interested to read the article comparing the simulation to actual measurements.

The assumption that latencies are lognormal is a useful approximation but not really true. In reality you will see a lot of multi-modality (e.g. cache hits vs misses, internal timeouts). Requests for the same key can have correlated latency.
by adrian_b | 2025-04-19 13:06:50+00:00
I fail to understand how using elemental hydrogen for storing energy has ever sounded like a good idea for anyone.

What sounds like a good idea is using fuel cells instead of ICEs, but using hydrocarbons as fuel, not dihydrogen (also solid carbon is a possible fuel).

The use of hydrocarbons can be carbon-neutral and sustainable, by making them from carbon dioxide and water.

There have been various experiments with fuel cells using other fuels than dihydrogen, but the main roadblocks have been a lower power at a given size than with pure hydrogen and the need for more frequent maintenance, besides the main disadvantage common to all kinds of fuel cells for now, high cost, due to expensive catalysts or to components such as separators that must be replaced frequently.

Nevertheless, we know that it is possible to make cheap and performant fuel cells, as demonstrated by any living being that breathes air.