MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by lol768 | 2025-04-11 10:18:16+00:00
https://ben-james.notion.site/tube-data

> You will regret using this data. You will regret using this API.

> It serves data from individual arrivals boards, which all spell stations differently.

> It describes train status in free text that varies between stations. “Approaching Barnet”, “Near Waterloo”, “Heading to Bank”, “Departing Southgate”, “Leaving Hampstead”, etc.

I'm not sure what you expected from an organisation still offering nothing but SMS-based MFA to its "customers" and one that got massively disrupted by a 17 year old in a cyber incident which seemed to paralyse the entire organisation a few months ago...
by dspillett | 2025-04-11 10:20:56+00:00
I've seen this done with one of the existing tags and appropriate nesting. <h1> for masthead, <h2> for major subdivisions in a huge page (essentially sub-mastheads), then <h3> for everything else with styling (and nesting in ToCs and such) being dictated either by how nested they are in <section> tags (or <div>s with an appropriate class). H3 here becomes a neutral header, and h4+ are just not used (nor is H2 in short/medium pages).
by Hasnep | 2025-04-11 10:21:02+00:00
In my opinion, Julia has the best alternative to dplyr in its Dataframes.jl package [1]. The syntax is slightly more verbose than dplyr because it's more explicit, but in exchange you get data transformations that you can leave for 6 months and when you come back you can read and understand very quickly. When I used R, if I hadn't commented a pipeline properly I would have to focus for a few minutes to understand it.

In terms of performance, DF.jl seems to outperform dplyr in benchmarks, but for day to day use I haven't noticed much difference since switching to Julia.

There are also APIs built on top of DF.jl, but I prefer using the functions directly. The most promising seems to be Tidier.jl [2] which is a recreation of the Tidyverse in Julia.

In Python, Pandas is still the leader, but its API is a mess. I think most data scientists haven't used R, and so they don't know what they're missing out on. There was the Redframes project [3] to give Pandas a dplyr-esque API which I liked, but it's not being actively developed. I hope Polars can keep making progress in replacing Pandas, but it's still not quite as good as dplyr or even DF.jl.

For plotting, Julia's time to first plot has got a lot better in recent versions, from memory it's something like 20 seconds a few years ago down to 3 seconds now. It'll never be as fast as matplotlib, but if you leave your terminal window open you only pay that price once.

I actually think the best thing to come out of Julia recently is AlgebraOfGraphics.jl [4]. To me it's genuinely the biggest improvement to plotting since ggplot which is a high bar. It takes the ggplot concept of layers applied with the + operator and turns it into an equation, where + adds a layer on top of another, and the * operator has the distributive property, so you can write an expression like data * (layer_1 + layer_2) to visualise the same data with two visualisations. It's very powerful, but because it re-uses concepts from maths that you're already familiar with, it doesn't take a lot of brain space compared to other packages I've used.

[1] https://dataframes.juliadata.org/ [2] https://github.com/TidierOrg/Tidier.jl [3] https://github.com/maxhumber/redframes [4] https://aog.makie.org/
by zokier | 2025-04-11 10:21:39+00:00
It's baffling how FastCGI ever was popular, considering how weird it's premise is: let's take this well-known standard simple text based protocol and convert it to our own custom binary protocol, that will make writing services somehow simpler?! You are still dealing with all the complexity of writing a daemon, only difference is that instead of parsing HTTP you parse FastCGI.

Maybe today with all the complexity that is with http2/http3 etc it would make slightly more sense. But FastCGI was popular when all the world was just good old plain http1.
by vidarh | 2025-04-11 10:23:46+00:00
And I was talking about the federation in social networking services. My paragraph still stands in that context.

You're response comes across as an incredibly bad faith reading of what I wrote.

Federation does not give you a right to expect every instance to want to talk to you. This is the typical left- vs. right-libertarian thinking, where the right-libertarians tend to get all angry and upset when left-libertarians point out that maximising freedom includes maximising our freedom to choose who to associate with and set rules for that association.

It's still federation if someone blocks your instance.
by DaanDeMeyer | 2025-04-11 10:24:01+00:00
You don't have to build ParticleOS images on the machine itself, it's perfectly possible to build them offline somewhere else and download them from the target machine when doing an update with systemd-sysupdate. It's just that we haven't quite gotten to ironing out all the details there. We're adding support to OBS (OpenSUSE Build System) to build ParticleOS images and will eventually start publishing prebuilt images there which can then be consumed by systemd-sysupdate.

For the embedded space you'd just build the ParticleOS images on your own build system, publish them somewhere and consume them with systemd-sysupdate, doesn't have to be OBS of course.

But we don't do stuff like only downloading diffs with systemd-sysupdate and such yet, so your milleage may vary.
by lazide | 2025-04-11 10:25:05+00:00
The rating on a UK ring circuit breaker is so high that you can literally melt significant quantities of steel without tripping the breaker, and certainly can turn typical appliance wiring incandescent, also without tripping the breaker.

The rule for electrical systems is that any downstream wiring/circuit that would catch on fire in the event of a fault, needs to have a breaker in the circuit before that point, that will interrupt the circuit before the point it would catch on fire.

In the US, every device is just constructed to be safe up to 15/20amps, which uses a bit more copper but is not really a major problem.

But the current is so much higher in the UK, and that is why the fuses on the plugs, because without the fuses providing a lower cut-off point, at a minimum the wires to a typical lamp or whatever, at least to the point it has a fuse or circuit breaker, would need to safely be able to carry the full 32A/220v load without catching on fire.

Which is a very thick cable. And quite a bit more expensive than the tiny bit of extra copper needed to get to 15/20A from 6A.

Does that make sense? The UK plugs essentially distribute the job of overcurrent protection to every single devices plug, where everywhere else it is more centralized at the (lower capacity) circuit level.

As to if this is better or worse is more a matter of opinion and specific local economics that have changed over time than a resolvable ‘fact’.
by zorked | 2025-04-11 10:26:10+00:00
Crucially, the posts did not exist even if I visited the profile page of the account: even after weeks of daily posts, the profile page displayed by mastodon.social claimed the account had never posted, and the posts would only begin appearing after someone on mastodon.social began following the account.

I hate this. Even assuming that my server can't host every message ever posted on the network, why can't it go and talk to the other server and fetch a timeline so that I don't see a completely empty account for a user that didn't happen to have their messages relayed to my server?

Same when opening threads.
by dmos62 | 2025-04-11 10:26:16+00:00
Sad story. A few weeks ago, a few US tankmen got lost in a Lithuanian training grounds driving a M88 recovery vehicle. They drowned in a swamp. Took most of a week to find and excavate them (they were under meters of mud). Last I heard the investigation is ongoing, but a theory is that their GPS was malfunctioning due to Russian or Belorussian GPS jamming and the crew failed to navigate without GPS. Russian GPS jamming is a constant occurance in the region and training happened near the Belorussian border.
by jeroenhd | 2025-04-11 10:27:40+00:00
mything/ will make the OS resolve various hosts: mything., mything.local (mDNS), mything.whateverdomainyourhomenetworkuses. (which may be what you wanted).

If you want to be sure, use mything./ : the . at the end makes sure no further domains are appended during DNS lookup, and the / makes the browser try to access to resource without Googling it.
by m1keil | 2025-04-11 10:28:57+00:00
> This is more about guiding the readers, making sure the expectations are crystal clear and that they can follow me throughout an explanation.

Sure, but this holds true for the blog version as well, right?

To be clear, I'm not advocating for The Little Schemer version, and am not arguing that the blog version is the best it can be, but surely we can agree that book padding phenomenon does exist.

By the way, I have read parts of your book over at O'Reilly Learning, and I do think it is a good book. So I'm not trying to take a dump on your work. My criticism is aimed at publishers.
by vidarh | 2025-04-11 10:28:59+00:00
I mean, I think most of the overkill of Mastodon comes from design choices that stems from building it on Rails. It's possible to do Rails in a lean way, but the "done thing" in Rails is to build a big monolith talking to a full RDBMS, and use Sidekiq for jobs and, and ... I love Ruby, probably more than is good for my sanity (half my desktop stack is written in Ruby), but Rails has always come across to me as overcomplicating things.
by h0l0cube | 2025-04-11 10:29:01+00:00
See also Dragon's Lair:

> Most games in the Dragon's Lair series are interactive films where the player controls Dirk the Daring, in a quest to save Princess Daphne. The game presents predetermined animated scenes, and the player must select a direction on the joystick or press the action button in order to clear each quick time event, with different full motion video segments showing the outcome.[10] A perfect run of the 1983 arcade game with no deaths lasts no more than 12 minutes. In total, the game has 22 minutes or 50,000 frames of animated footage, including individual death scenes and game over screens.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dragon%27s_Lair

> If the user is locked to a path, the game is called a "track ride". If the user can do whatever they want, it's an open-world game. Resolving that dichotomy is hard

Actual generative AI (as opposed to that in the OP) holds promise in solving this conflict by being the story teller in place of the game designer. I'm curious to know what's happening in this space.
by FirmwareBurner | 2025-04-11 10:29:33+00:00
For those who travel for work and business, time matters a lot, especially when you start to add the times to and from the train station at the source and destination. If rail ads 2+ hours more versus car, that's 2+ hours less you can be with your family that day. If you're travelling for vacation, those 2+ hours means you might miss out on a flight that's only once per day. And so on.
by immibis | 2025-04-11 10:30:45+00:00
FastCGI is a protocol you can use between a reverse proxy and a back end. It's better for this than HTTP because it passes proxy-generated metadata out of band from client-generated metadata, so you can't have vulnerabilities like fake X-Forwarded-For. It's also strictly defined so you can't have request parsing differences or request smuggling.

If you're currently using a reverse proxy, did you remember to make sure that your proxy always deletes X-Forwarded-For from the client, always adds its own, OR that the backend always ignores it? And you have to do this for each piece of metadata you expect to come from the proxy. With FastCGI this is not needed.

I chose SCGI instead of FastCGI, though, since nginx doesn't support multiplexing and I don't use large request bodies. SCGI not supporting multiplexing makes it much simpler to write a back end. You just accept a new socket and fork for each request.

By the way, FastCGI wasn't designed as "binary HTTP" as implied by some sibling comments, but rather "CGI over a socket". It passes the environment variables the CGI program would have had, and multiplexes its stdin, stdout and even stderr. SCGI is the same but without multiplexing or stderr.

Author complains about having to use a reverse proxy at all, which is fine for prototyping, but I have about 5 domains pointed at the same server, and multiple apps on some domains, so why wouldn't I use a reverse proxy to route those requests? And yes, I run the same nginx reverse proxy on my development machine for testing.
by rs186 | 2025-04-11 10:32:42+00:00
You just made that number up, didn't you?

And 90% of what in business software? Ideas? Features? Implementation? I doubt 90% is the number for any of that, or LLM is good at any of those. Based on my own recent experience of LLMs (yes, switching between several different models) and seeing their disastrous performance on writing code for business logic that is just a little bit more specific, I am not convinced.
by jeroenhd | 2025-04-11 10:33:18+00:00
Sure, but you can connect those devices to a real domain and use Let's Encrypt on them, or you can TOFU and add the self-signed cert to your browser; after you've verified that you're not being MitM'd by one of those untrusted devices, of course (I dunno, by printing the public key on the side of the device or something?).

In practice, you probably want an authorized network for management, and an open network with the management interface locked out, just in case there's a vulnerability in the management interface allowing auth bypass (which has happened more often than anyone would like).
by itissid | 2025-04-11 10:34:02+00:00
I've been running an ollama and deepseek in a container in TrueNAS k8s for several months. It's hooked up to my Continue extension in VSCode. I also mix it with cloud hosted "dumb" ones for other tasks like code completion. Ollama deepseek is reserved for heavier chat and code tasks.

It's fast as hell. Though you will need at least two GPUs to divide between ollama and if need something else(display/game/proxmox) to use it.
by zorked | 2025-04-11 10:34:23+00:00
The censorious culture has become more relaxed over the last couple of years but it's still a problem.

I miss the culture of early Internet systems administrators that saw their services as protocols to be integrated. Mastodon admins are too interested in shaping society. Let the messages flow, the users have enough ways to block stuff they don't want.

Too many people started services because they wanted an axe not a network.
by SR2Z | 2025-04-11 10:35:49+00:00
You are making the same mistake that basically everyone makes when talking about this. When "it comes back," does it mean "manufacturing jobs" or "manufacturing value created?"

Because manufacturing jobs are never coming back, short of WWIII starting. Automation has seen to that - we won't waste human beings on something as dumb as pulling levers 1000x a day.

But if you mean "value created" then manufacturing never left [1]. The US simply moved up the value chain, producing more complicated and useful technology with fewer workers and more automation.

Both China and the US understand that workers' days are numbered. The future belongs to robots and the folks who know how to program them, not workers who directly operate machines. By 2050, barring any really stupid changes in immigration policy or women's rights, both nations will be about 500M people - but the US will be more productive per citizen.

1: https://www.macrotrends.net/global-metrics/countries/USA/uni...
by kristiandupont | 2025-04-11 10:35:52+00:00
>They didn't actually "trust" us before. I'm not sure how you'd measure that anyways. From my reading of foreign news they're mostly taking it in stride, having seen this coming since last year, and not being particularly surprised by it. This zeitgeist only exists in half of America right now.

It's hard for me to overstate how wrong this is. In my country Denmark, everyone, everywhere is talking about this and people are generally worried. I hear it in the supermarkets. We absolutely did trust the US until now. For instance, the entire Danish public sector runs on Microsoft. Nobody ever considered that to be an issue. Now there is political talk about how that can be undone. Several of my peers who read HN and considered US-based, YC-backed to be the ultimate way to launch a startup are talking about the liability involved. Mind you, this is not the typical "I hate America!" rhetoric that has always existed to some degree everywhere, this is risk management: "Can I trust that the US is stable enough for me to bet on?"

You may not think it matters because the US is as strong as it is, or maybe you don't care. But the trust and thereby soft power that has been destroyed in these few months is generational.
by phire | 2025-04-11 10:36:23+00:00
Partly.

But I suspect it's more that CGI was the way things had always been done. They didn't even consider doing a reverse proxy. They asked the question "how do we make CGI faster" and so ended up with FastCGI.

Other developers asked the same question and ended up making mod_php (and friends), embedding the scripting language directly into the web server.
by FlyingSnake | 2025-04-11 10:39:27+00:00
There is a similar real time map for Berlin VBB network. It shows the realtime locations of S-Bahns, U-Bahns, Buses, ferries etc. Pretty cool and handy.

(You'll have to select the Livekarte option under Livekarte & Multi -Mobilität)

https://www.vbb.de/fahrinfo/
by rs186 | 2025-04-11 10:39:51+00:00
Cost is just one part of the equation. What about the ability to quickly switch the supplier of a part, to make a small design change, to ramp up the production of the next model, etc? Lots of articles suggest that you can start manufacturing and adapt much faster in China than in the US.

Also, there is nothing in the article that talks about the quality of the phone. Being manufactured in the US does not automatically make it a high quality product. I'd take an iPhone manufactured anywhere in the world than this Liberty phone.
by marcus_holmes | 2025-04-11 10:41:15+00:00
I'm really enjoying Mastodon. I have not encountered any of the censorial tone that the author complains of - not only has no-one criticised any of my posts, but I haven't seen this on anyone else's posts either. It feels like early usenet rather than early Twitter, for sure. But that's a feature. I am uninterested in a "critical mass" of people, because that has always become a shitshow. I follow people who post interesting things, and I don't care if I don't see everything they post. It works for me, I'm glad it exists. I hope it doesn't get more popular.
by Ferret7446 | 2025-04-11 10:42:09+00:00
I don't think it's fair to blame Tim Berners Lee for this. The WWW was supposed to serve documents. The TITLE would have been rendered by your browser, and in fact, it still kind of is, in the window title bar.

The Web has long departed from that vision however; very few pages, if any, could still be considered documents.
by mandmandam | 2025-04-11 10:42:31+00:00
A teacher once told us, "Everything has been done before - but not by you". Tell 50 people to make their own version of any story, and you'll get 50 new stories (though yeah, a bit of originality is great).

Also, artists need time to develop. Sturgeon's law isn't just for artists you know. Every artist knows that you generally have to create a lot of crap to get good. So when people give out about crap art, they're really just telling on themselves: "I don't create".

Finally, for fun, try comparing fossil fuel subsidies to artist subsidies some time. "But we need fossil fuel" - try going a week without any art; no music, no movies, no games.
by graemep | 2025-04-11 10:44:03+00:00
The problem is that merely insulting someone can be a crime at all so he not just being idiotic. Those complaints lead to investigations:

https://www.dw.com/en/germany-greens-habeck-presses-charges-... (scroll down to explanation).

its not the only European country where this is possible, at least in theory: https://www.politico.eu/article/european-countries-where-ins...
by throwup238 | 2025-04-11 10:44:39+00:00
Engineers in the US would be able to get five iterations done using US fabs and assembly too, it’d just cost a ton more to get the same lead times and pay for the NRE.

Last time I worked on something of this complexity in 2019, 1 week turn around prototypes would cost $2-5k for the assembled PCBs from China but $30-50k in the US. It also took a bit more effort and inventory to make sure all the parts were stocked or shipped on time, which is a problem when you can’t visit Shenzhen’s malls if you’re missing a part. Once the first iteration was done, we were averaging between one and two months per revision. It’s very doable but nobody except medical, defense, and aerospace are willing to pay the price.
by intended | 2025-04-11 10:46:47+00:00
This is doctrine.

The same way you make sure your planes fly, your code is updated, and you improve your product - you pay attention to your regulators.

The SEC was defanged for years. The pendulum swung to low regulation, and lower taxes, leading to greater wealth concentration via asset purchases.

These are all rectifiable. At all levels. It just not going to happen if we are listening to zero information news sources and disengage with everything but rage.
by rckt | 2025-04-11 10:49:05+00:00
Man, exactly. I left Instagram, because they started to block my account, because I had a link to my Mastodon account in my profile. And then, coming to Mastodon, I'm getting exactly the same. But now not for commercial, but purely personal reasons. With this approach it doesn't matter if it's a federated, open-sourced or not. If it's not welcoming, then no reason even getting in there.
by csdreamer7 | 2025-04-11 10:49:07+00:00
^This. People act so helpless to big tech, and especially Windows. Linux is still more effort for normies, but it should not be an issue for most people on this sub to want learn it-you are doing things already on Windows that would not be much different than Linux. AI w/ Nividia alone justifies Linux because Windows has performance issues. Then you have the freedom of leaving Windows if it continues to get hostile.
by SR2Z | 2025-04-11 10:49:10+00:00
No, this is the following set of steps:

1. Person A interviews at company B

2. Company B says "we'd like to hire you at $X/year"

3. Person A says "that sounds good, I'll start in a month." Company B stops trying to fill the job.

4. Up to a month passes.

5. Person A tells company B "lol nevermind" and doesn't actually start work. Normally this is because company C is offering to pay $Y and $Y >> $X.

It's an employee issue because the employee is not following through on what they said they'd do. Because employment is at-will in the US they're legally in the clear, but the company that was planning on hiring them is still kind of screwed.
by ralferoo | 2025-04-11 10:49:38+00:00
Oh haha, just seen the reply below mine that has a link to the photos of the printout...

Interestingly, the large F3 appears to be a batch number for the print job, so it's just coincidental that it's the same as the first byte in the ROM. The first byte starts on line 732 and printed in octal not hex, so "000363" (the first byte of the output seems to be some kind of markup for addresses in multi-byte opcodes (immediate loads seem to have 000 for these).
by fhd2 | 2025-04-11 10:50:21+00:00
Well, I meant it in the sense of: You use a tool because you think it's creators really know this space and you can rely on it. To stick to the DropBox example, their users probably trust them to keep file management convenient for them and to keep their files safe.

I've seen a depressing amount of people treat LLMs like some sort of oracle. So I can picture a significant number of consumers just trusting ChatGPT with their taxes or whatever, based on the assumption that it know any domain at least as good as human experts.

I'm not saying _I_ find any LLM trustworthy. But if enough people do, it becomes difficult to differentiate there.