MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by vegavis | 2025-04-19 05:09:20+00:00
Fuel Cells have a lot in common to ICE. They require a significant balance of plant that helps provide air to the fuel cell, coolant for many of the components, electronics controller and significant electrical harnessing, bracketry for support, filters, coolant pump, air source, radiator... etc.

in one way it is a downside since its more parts and complication than maybe a pure EV architecture, but the similarities to ICE arch means that its an attractive option to transition to for both the OEMs and a tiered supply base used to working on ICE vehicles. If you can get economies of scale going and bring cost down for fuel cell its a great replacement for many (not all) ICE archs.

They are preferred solutions for larger vehicles because of the weight of lithium ion batteries. also because theyre optimized for power density while electric architectures excel with energy capacity/storage. But if you can implement infrastructure at the locations where these larger Class A vehicles are (or busses), then you dont care about capacity for the known universe's lightest (resting mass) fuel as much since H2 refuel times are fast.

You are correct about boats though, it is also a good solution set there. Planes will only work if we can achieve air cooled hydrogen fuel cells and eliminate the expensive and heavy balance of plant (Hysata).
by init7 | 2025-04-19 05:09:28+00:00
When a big systemic circle is imbalanced, we often feel that adding a smaller circle of push or nudge will balance it.

But there are wobbly second order effects and the curves finally settle in the third order, often further away from our initial imagination.

Iatrogenics is the branch of science studying outcomes where interventions make the situation worse off.

Not a judgement on this or any other method, but a recurring pattern to be aware of.
by throwaway2037 | 2025-04-19 05:09:44+00:00
> Currently I am also trying out a more hardcore exercise program because I never gained a lot of muscles in the past, even when I was doing MMA training 6 times a week.

To me, exercise is roughly divided between cardio and weight training. Cardio hardly builds any serious muscle mass (except probably your heart), but obviously weight training will. Can you tell us more about your new/current "more hardcore exercise program"? What is the mix of cardio vs weight training?
by chrismorgan | 2025-04-19 05:13:28+00:00
This is begging for injection attacks. In this case, for example, if parsed_text and filtered can contain < or &, or if post.guid or post.avatar.thumb can contain ", you’re in trouble.

Generating serialised HTML is a mug’s game when limited to JavaScript. Show me a mature code base where you have to remember to escape things, and I’ll show you a code base with multiple injection attacks.
by cryptonector | 2025-04-19 05:14:25+00:00
I wonder how much Needham had to do with Sun's AUTH_DH. It must have been Whit Diffie's baby, but if Needham was pushing RPC then I imagine there must have been interactions with Diffie.

It turns out that one should not design protocols to require canonical encoding for things like signature verification. Just verify the signature over the blob being signed as it is, and only then decode. Much like nowadays we understand that encrypt-then-MAC is better than MAC-then-encrypt. (Kerberos gets away with MAC-then-encrypt because nowadays its cryptosystems use AES in ciphertext stealing mode and with confounders, so it never needs padding, so there's no padding oracle in that MAC-then-encrypt construction. Speaking of Kerberos, it's based on Needham-Schroeder... Sun must have been a fun place back then. It still was when I was there much much later.)
by anonymars | 2025-04-19 05:14:41+00:00
We are all already part of this conversation, all the time, because resources are finite

The flip side is "sorry, we didn't have enough surgeons available right now so we have to triage you", or, "sorry you can't afford the bill"

I'm sure in this particular situation the numbers benefit "don't leave surgery debris in the patient" but the more general point remains, there is some set of numbers (likely implausible) where it would flip the other way
by hinkley | 2025-04-19 05:16:00+00:00
It was kind of a toy problem, but I had a lot of fun with consul’s versioning data and making requests that didn’t return until the data had changed. It’s like GetIfModified but you can set it up with a delay if the data has not already been modified.

I don’t think it’s particularly good for multi-get but I didn’t get that far.

There are systems where you can report what you’ve seen so far when you reconnect, but those require a very different architecture on the sending end because it’s not just a streaming data situation at that point. And while it’s more efficient to store the data to derive the replay than to store the replay itself, it’s not infinitely moreso and a three hour network hardware problem could really ruin your entire week.
by Izkata | 2025-04-19 05:17:21+00:00
In your example, no quotas would result in all 14 hires being those with a qualification of 100. Congrats, got all 5 minorities without quotas!

Now for some thing more realistic: Instead of making those 14 candidates all perfect, distribute them a bit more randomly and only hire the top 10. Without quotas you'll end up with around 4 from the minority group and 6 from the majority group. But if for example your quotas are for 50/50, you have to exclude 1 person from the majority group who is more qualified than the 5th person from the minority group to reach it.
by kjkjadksj | 2025-04-19 05:17:26+00:00
You can’t get away from it in this country short of moving into the woods. One of the neighbors has a motorcycle. Literally like clockwork when he comes home from work it shakes my apartment and sets off the same three aftermarket alarms from cars parked on the street. Every time. Last apartment neighbor a floor below me was into house music. Here even the army flies ospreys and chinooks overhead that shake everything for a good 30 seconds until they pass; I never knew a helicopter could be so loud. You can’t win. You have to learn to just roll over and take it.
by Ancapistani | 2025-04-19 05:18:07+00:00
As long as it’s right more than random chance, it’s potentially useful - you just have to iterate enough times to reach your desired level of statistical certainty.

If you take the current trend of the cost of inference and assume that’s going to continue for even a few more cycles, then we already have sufficient accuracy in current models to more than satisfy the hype.
by AnthonyMouse | 2025-04-19 05:18:21+00:00
> For example, most proponents of DEI would advocate that they be used both for university recruitment and for hiring.

That doesn't justify setting the current target at 50% for employers whose current candidate pool is at 85%.

> Most would also advocate the society avoid messaging that certain degrees/careers are only for a given gender in order to avoid biasing who is interested in a certain degree/career.

How are you intending to control what the population believes? A lot of parents will tell their daughters not to be oil workers or truck drivers and a lot of the daughters will listen to them.
by bawolff | 2025-04-19 05:19:25+00:00
Declerations of war are not really a thing anymore in international law. Its not like usa ever declared war on Vietnam, but it clearly was one. Ditto for the iraq war. And its not just USA either. Declerations of war more or less stopped being a thing after the UN charter was signed.

You're right that that makes it messy. The us wasn't engaged in an armed conflict with the state of yemen, but with a non-state armed actor operating within yemen (and elsewhere). (And its not like that isn't true right now either - america bombed houthi positions in yemen just a few weeks ago. Different group but still a non-state armed group i would consider america to be in an armed conflict with). A lot of the ways we think about wars and what is just and unjust implicitly assume two states fighting each other. Its much more ambigious with non-state armed actors.
by hhh | 2025-04-19 05:19:37+00:00
My mother had rags left in her during a surgery that ended up fucking up the course of her life forever and leaving her permanently disabled. The rags didn’t cause the primary problem, but were just a part of their shoddiness.

Of course it’s not every surgeon, but there are some butchers that out happens more with. It ended up being a repeat problem for my mother’s surgeon.
by haberman | 2025-04-19 05:20:53+00:00
It's funny, I fit that description perfectly and played all the way through KCD1. But when I saw the trailers for KCD2, it looked like it was so fighting and confrontation focused, maybe even more than the first one. The main title art seems to reinforce this: https://www.reddit.com/r/kingdomcome/comments/1etv380/offici...

But I'd love to hear if it's reasonably "cozy" for a lot of the time.
by jader201 | 2025-04-19 05:22:45+00:00
I love BotW and TotK. Definitely two of my favorite games, and two of the best games. And agreed that much of the exploration aspects are chill.

But both games definitely have some frustrating elements, especially if you’re not going out of your way to avoid them. The constantly breaking weapons, to name one. Some of the battles are definitely intense, too. Some of the temples have some bizarre puzzles, particularly some of the dexterity puzzles — and even more so in BotW, which almost felt buggy (TotK seemed to “fix” this).

Again, loved both games, and also spent probably around that much time playing each of them.

But they’re not the first games that came to my mind when I see “cozy video games that can quell stress and anxiety”.
by jandrewrogers | 2025-04-19 05:23:35+00:00
The flow and distribution of nutrients in the ocean follow weak gradients from their underlying sources in a kind of thermodynamic equilibrium. Some areas will have nutrient excesses based on geography, geochemistry, and limitations on consumption rate due to dependencies on other nutrients.

If iron is the rate limiting ingredient, then when you seed an area with iron a bunch of other nutrients are consumed in the process that currently are not being consumed. This changes the chemical equilibrium driving those other nutrient flows in the ocean and may stop critical nutrients flows into areas that rely on them. Any major local change to nutrient balance changes the equilibrium and thermodynamic gradients of the entire system.

In hindsight this is kind of obvious. There are similar equilibrium problems in large chemical reactors too and the ocean is just a giant reactor vessel to a first approximation. I think the original assumption was that the ocean is so big that no one would notice but long distance effects on local nutrient balances were observed such that increased sequestration productivity in one area was at least partially offset by losses of productivity in other areas due to new nutrient bottlenecks.

In principle modeling the entire system would allow one to inject the right nutrients at the right handful of spots to maximize aggregate sequestration performance with minimal risk. Building such models is still very much beyond us.
by rsedgwick | 2025-04-19 05:24:02+00:00
I almost forgot there were ML models besides LLMs! [RFdiffusion](https://www.bakerlab.org/2023/07/11/diffusion-model-for-prot...), used for the protein discovery, is a model somewhat related to diffusion-based image generation. So much of the attention right now is about what LLMs can do with their coding, agentic, and research capabilities as they get more and more powerful and self-improving. It's fun to be reminded that ground-breaking things still can come from "your dad's neural networks."

Also... just because I was checking through the results of the paper to see if it was actually an interesting result: "The SHRT binder provided complete protection (100%) to mice . . . . The LNG binder exhibited comparable efficacy, completely neutralizing α‐cobratoxin but not the non-target ScNtx"
by mstipetic | 2025-04-19 05:24:43+00:00
I used it yesterday to help me with some visual riddle and I had some hints to the shape of the solution. It was gaslighting me completely that I’m pasting in the image wrong and it drew whole tables explaining how it’s right. It was saying things like “I swear in the original photo the top row is empty” and was fudging the calculation to prove it was right. It was very frustrating. I am not using it again.
by ungawatkt | 2025-04-19 05:29:36+00:00
As much as it was a meme, I really did see a split in what folks enjoyed between Doom and Animal Crossing during covid, and they basically boiled down to the same thing: yeah, this game is so relaxing, I just turn my brain off and play.

Doom: all flow state, no thoughts, just execution.

Animal Crossing: cozy, comfortable, routine.

Funny how both accomplish similar things despite being so different on the surface.
by MrJohz | 2025-04-19 05:29:51+00:00
That's true, but there are various other syntax differences that mean that pasting HTML is always going to require some fixing up. For example, JSX requires all elements to have closing tags or use the /> syntax, whereas HTML has elements like input or img where's that's not correct.

That said, "class" shows up a lot more in most html than "input", so I can see the advantage of being consistent with html there.
by dleeftink | 2025-04-19 05:30:01+00:00
I find the coroutine/generator approach described in a series of posts by Lorenzo Fox/Laurent Renard to be a promising alternative[0].

It takes a little to wrap your head around, but essentially structures component rendering to follow the natural lifecycle of a generator function that takes as input the state of a previous yield, and can be automatically cleaned up by calling `finally` (you can observe to co-routine state update part in this notebook[1]).

This approach amounts to a really terse co-routine microframework [2].

[0]: https://lorenzofox.dev/posts/component-as-infinite-loop/#:~:...

[1]: https://observablehq.com/d/940d9b77de73e8d6

[2]: https://github.com/lorenzofox3/cofn
by mrbalihai | 2025-04-19 05:31:10+00:00
I initially stopped playing when I had kids. As they got older though we started gaming together on weekends while my wife has a break. We have an absolute blast together building a world or questing in Minecraft or squadding up and getting a victory royale in Fortnite. I know it probably won't last as they get into their teens but for now it's something both me and them look forward to every week.
by carstenhag | 2025-04-19 05:31:29+00:00
Relatively sure this would be fine in some European countries. In Germany, afaik it's an ongoing question on whether there's a copyright on the records (especially from the lawyer texts).

The names and so on are always censored anyhow, in some cases it's a bit obvious who did things though. If it's a lawsuit about a company and let's say it sells books online, maybe you can tell by 1-2 things what company it is. But for people, it's not so straight forward.
by AnthonyMouse | 2025-04-19 05:31:48+00:00
The single largest capital requirement for most new small businesses is real estate, and is real estate because mixed use zoning is prohibited in the vast majority of areas in the US, requiring the proprietor to separately pay for somewhere to put the business and somewhere to live. Zoning is a local regulation and there are very many localities completely controlled by Democrats, so why does this continue to be the case?
by foota | 2025-04-19 05:34:55+00:00
Yeah, OPs code is asking for pain. I suspect there are now developers who've never had to generate html outside the confines of a framework and so are completely unaware of the kinds of attacks you need to protect yourself against.

You can do it from scratch, but you essentially need to track provenance of strings (either needs to be escaped and isn't html, e.g., user input, or html, which is either generated and with escaping already done or static code). It seems like you could build this reasonably simply by using tagged template literals and having e.g., two different Types of strings that are used to track provenance.
by jader201 | 2025-04-19 05:35:12+00:00
I enjoyed both games, to an extent, but OMG, get ready to spend 90% of your time reading through the boring dialogue of the characters.

I tried to follow it, and then I just started skipping through it. Then I go to where even doing that was just not worth it.

I couldn’t make it through either game.

(To be fair, I don’t think DQB1 was quite as bad with this as DQB2, but I wasn’t a huge fan of the roguelite approach of the levels.)
by fpereiro | 2025-04-19 05:37:14+00:00
Hi there -- I'm the OP of the article.

> If you were my boss I'd be putting on my parachute and heading for the airstairs and expecting to see a plume of smoke wherever you impact.

(Ouch!)

You raise an interesting point. Perhaps, without a large amount of "bin #2" work, it's impossible for "bin #1" work to really take off. I've experienced this firsthand, and end up always doing a lot of "bin #2". But I wonder how much better it could be if I dared to focus even further. Or if it's at all possible and I'm just risking it too much.

Do you have any examples of the 80/20 idea actually killing a startup? I'm genuinely interested.

Thanks for commenting!
by zkmon | 2025-04-19 05:37:31+00:00
Playing cards. With no devices and screens. Multi-player. Lots of fun.

If it must be computer, then I go for good old Microsoft games - sweekend puzzle, motorbike madness or midtown madness (I have a Win7 PC with no internet). I also enjoy driving around with Forza and enjoying the scenery of the country side.

I can't even dare to look at the title imagery of these new games on xbox while scrolling through list of games on app store. It's gory, weirdness and insanity being portrayed as high quality.

I guess, humanity in the West craved for some excitement in their lives, due to post-war peace time being devoid of any survival struggle. And the media - movies, music, internet - kept on dumping loads of it. Even the music, which is supposed to flow with soft, pleasant and melodious tunes and beats, has turned into a cacophony of loud shouting and hysteric expressions and acts of the artists.

Similar to how a military band is designed to dispense alert and agility, western music appear to have evolved to dispense fear and anxiety which was missing in their daily lives.

Not only that. Lack of such frantic craziness is seen as boring (I never heard of this word boring in my childhood). Slow life in general is being viewed as socially unacceptable. We are frogs in a boiling pot.

You don't have to join the mad crowd running around ferociously. Just sit back, power on your old computer, pull out the internet cable, enjoy the slow, old games.
by rasz | 2025-04-19 05:38:11+00:00
> if Poland had homegrown 8-bit micros in the mid-80s

Personal possession of Home computers, printers and copiers was illegal in Poland under Iron Curtain. After all it could be, and often was [1], used to undermine the regime!

Anecdote from book "High-tech behind the Iron Curtain. Electronics, computers and control systems in the Polish People's Republic" ("High-tech za żelazną kurtyną. Elektronika, komputery i systemy sterowania w PRL" 978-83-8098-094-5)

>In 1984, "Informatyka" magazine, involved in the dissemination of these machines, reported on the adventures of Mr. Przemysław, who received in April [...] a package from his brother in Toronto, containing the VIC-20 microcomputer, power supply, cassette recorder, a set of cassettes for television games and English language manual and connecting cables. The Customs Office in Gdynia refused to issue an import license, stating that it could issue [...] only if the computer was necessary for the citizen's professional or scientific work

Computers became legal somewhere around 1985 when Atari landed in special regime Pewex enterprise shops - shops only accepting hard western currency, currency illegal to own privately in the country https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pewex

Elwro computers were sold to ministry of education or send to USSR sold for "transfer ruble", a fake currency with ridiculous fake official dollar exchange rate making every sale a huge loss for the factory. There were amateur DIY plans published in magazines, COBRA in AUDIO VIDEO and CA80 in Radioelektronik. Nobody was manufacturing those computers and afaik plans were being published during design and debugging making recreation a nightmare. >99% of 80s computers in Polish homes came smuggled from the west and most went straight to garbage in late nineties. Poland freed from russian occupation was getting wealthy really fast and nobody had time for obsoleted hardware.

[1] https://hackaday.com/2016/07/05/retrotechtacular-how-solidar...
by potamic | 2025-04-19 05:38:45+00:00
The simplified answer to that is some sort of a chemical gradient determined by gene expression in the cell. This is pretty much how all biological activity happens, like how limbs "know" to grow in a direction or how butterfly wings "know" to form the shape of a wing. Scientists are continuously uncovering more and more knowledge about various biological processes across life forms and there is nothing here to indicate it is anything but chemical signalling. I'm not a biologist so I won't be able to give explanations n-levels deep, but there is plenty information accessible to form an understanding of these processes in terms of physical and chemical laws. For how neurons connect, you can look up synaptogenesis and start from there.
by spiralganglion | 2025-04-19 05:39:01+00:00
Automerge started as a research prototype and is now a widely-used substrate for building local-first apps: https://automerge.org/

Our GitHub has a boatload of experiments: https://github.com/orgs/inkandswitch/repositories

This is a fun afternoon just waiting for you: http://feelingisreality.com

Muse started as a research project and turned into an app: https://museapp.com/

Some of our essays have embedded versions of our prototypes you can play with:

* Crosscut: https://www.inkandswitch.com/crosscut/

* Potluck: https://www.inkandswitch.com/potluck/

Alex Warth is currently working on a remake of Ivan Sutherland's Sketchpad: https://github.com/alexwarth/sutherland

There's probably a bunch more I'm forgetting.
by wcallahan | 2025-04-19 05:39:03+00:00
Tried Gemini Codes yesterday, as well as anon-kode and anon-codex. Gemini Codes is already broken and appears to be rather brittle (she disclosures as much), and the other two appear to still need some prompt improvements or someone adding vector embedding for them to be useful?

Perhaps someone can merge the best of Aider and codex/claude code now. Looking forward to it.
by hilbert42 | 2025-04-19 05:40:01+00:00
"Unfortunately these systems are incompatible. I think a lot of the friction we are seeing in modern times can partially be traced to this contradiction."

I'm pretty certain you're correct but I won't attempt to justify it detail here as we have to bring out the political philosophy texts on mass.

In the light of the English Civil War many thought about politics and freedoms Locke being one, his contemporary [almost] Thomas Hobbes with a different position—the Leviathan. Rights, freedoms and social contract theory was still raging nearly a century later with Rousseau whingeing about man being born free but everywhere he's in chains—opening line of the Social Contract. And there's still no universally agreed consensus.

Over the centuries political philosophy has covered almost every conceivable interpretation/position about the rights and powers of the State versus individual freedoms, so it's not for the want of options/choices. Dichotomies still remain because the citizenry is composed of people with wide range of political beliefs many of which are incompatible (this has always been the situation).

We shouldn't expect a consensus.