MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by tsimionescu | 2025-04-22 08:06:36+00:00
> For me, I give Gemini the full context of my repo, tell it the sweeping changes I want to make

If the full context of your repo (which I assume means more or less the entire git history of it, since that is what you usually need for sweeping changes) fits into Gemini's context window, you're working on a very small repo, and so your problems are easy to solve, and LLMs are ok at solving small easy problems. Wait till you get to more than some few thousand lines of code, and more than two years of Git history, and then see if this strategy still works well for you.
Ask HN: Do you use glasses to protect your eyes from the screen reflection?
by santiagobasulto | 2025-04-22 08:06:37+00:00
Hey HN community. I don't need prescription glasses, my eyesight is good. But I'm wondering if I need some sort of reflective glass anyways while I spent most of my day on the computer.

Do you use/recommend anything in particular? Thanks!
by LeonM | 2025-04-22 08:07:04+00:00
From the linked repo:

> rpitx is a general radio frequency transmitter for Raspberry Pi which doesn't require any other hardware unless filter to avoid intererence. It can handle frequencies from 5 KHz up to 1500 MHz.

Wait, how does that work?

1.5GHz is a _lot_, I can't imagine this is done with bit-banging an I/O line, nor do I expect the Pi will have a DAC with anything close to a 3GHz+ sample rate.

> Plug a wire on GPIO 4, means Pin 7 of the GPIO header (header P1). This acts as the antenna.

A bit of Googling shows me that on the later Pi board GPIO4 (pin 7) has a bunch of alternative modes, amongst which is a general purpose clock output (GPCLK0), a DPI output bit (DPI_D0) and what I recon is composite analog video in/out (AVEOUT_VID0, AVEIN_VID0), and the TDI JTAG pin. But none of these would get close to 1.5Ghz TRX capabilities, no?

What's the magic here?
by int_19h | 2025-04-22 08:07:44+00:00
One interesting aspect of NVIDIA workforce that many people aren't aware of is that it's very good at retaining people. The annual turnover rate is something like 5%, and last time they had layoffs was in 2008. They are also maintaining full on remote work at the time most other big tech companies are forcing their peons into the offices.

And that buys a lot of loyalty. Which translates to productivity.
by pomatic | 2025-04-22 08:08:23+00:00
This is patently wrong - as an experiment, I've vibe coded* four apps in the last 10 days. I did not write one line of code myself. Two are crud style, one is DNS related and one is for an embedded device. They were non-trivial use cases, built using claude desktop with various MCP tools. I was blown away by just how good it was.

*the original definition of vibe coding involved using voice to dictate the prompts to AI, I prefer to type.
by Quinzel | 2025-04-22 08:08:48+00:00
From what I learned in my MBA that specialised in digital transformation I would advise against developing a product where the value proposition depends on the user adopting a new behaviour. To me that suggests your product isn’t fulfilling a need, and thus, is not really of value to the user. I know you sometimes hear people say things like create something people don’t even realise they want/need - but it still needs to fulfil a need/desire, just one people haven’t identified as a problem, or a thing that can be done easier/better/more efficient.

Changing behaviour of people, en masse is actually kind of difficult. You’d probably need to actually hire behaviour analysts/other behaviour experts to affect the kind of change you’re hoping for, which really… if you need to go to those lengths to get people to use your product, your product is shit. Fail fast and then start again.
by voidUpdate | 2025-04-22 08:10:29+00:00
I feel like this would definitely be possible. I was reminded of https://mitxela.com/projects/kiloboot, which uses an ENC28J60 for the ethernet stuff. I feel like you could probably quite easily bitbang SPI, given it's quite a forgiving protocol, just dedicate a couple of addresses in the memory space to interact directly with the bus (maybe with a separate shift register chip if you want to make things a bit easier). If you give up writing anything to the screen, I'd imagine you could just spin until something happened on the ethernet side, then read the requested path, pull some data off the ROM that corresponds to that path and send it back again
by xaldir | 2025-04-22 08:10:38+00:00
For a time it was a new market, full of potential growth. Then it got mature, every one who wanted one had one and given the nature of the device (low cost/low performance) it wouldn't need to be renewed for some time. Some manufacturers went upmarket (bigger and more powerful devices for more money) blurring the line with their entry level laptops. It wasn't a recognisable market segment any more. At some point, the market must have both shrunk too much and merged into other segments for anyone to care. Mobile devices ate their lunch too I guess.
by Jlagreen | 2025-04-22 08:11:44+00:00
Yes, but the cloud customers "who finance TPUs" have NO INTEREST in TPUs and in Nvidia GPUs instead.

How does Google pay for TPUs internally? By Google Search and Google Cloud of course. Google Search uses TPUs, Google Cloud however has way more non-TPUs instances.

What people forget, nobody wants to switch from CUDA dependency to SW dependency on Google/AWS/Azure. CUDA at least allows me to use it in consumer, in pro HW, in cloud and AND in on-prem data center.

I'm really looking forward to Fortune 500 companies sending all their internal company data to Google to structure it to train custom AI models. Yeah, that will never happen. What happens instead is that Fortune 500 companies will build up AI expertise to build their own custom AI model and they will think hard if they want the training AI compute internally or on a cloud. Nvidia has a huge business of building data centers on-premises which people totally oversee. NO CSP will ever compete there because it's against their primary business model. A Reliance India contract from 2023 alone is a delivery of 2 million GPUs in a few years. That's probably more than Nvidia's last year's total revenue and that is 1 large corp in India only.
by iam-TJ | 2025-04-22 08:11:57+00:00
To expand on this with an example. Adding a new device we'll call sdz to an existing Logical Volume Manager (LVM) Volume Group (VG) called "NAS" such that all the space on sdz is instantly available for adding to any Logical Volume (LV):

pvcreate /dev/sdz vgextend NAS /dev/sdz

Now we want to add additional space to an existing LV "backup":

lvextend --size +128G --resizefs NAS/backup

*note: --resizefs only works for file-systems supported by 'fsadmn' - its man-page says:

"fsadm utility checks or resizes the filesystem on a device (can be also dm-crypt encrypted device). It tries to use the same API for ext2, ext3, ext4, ReiserFS and XFS filesystem."

If using BTRFS inside the LV, and the LV "backup" is mounted at /srv/backup, tell it to use the additional space using:

btrfs filesystem resize max /srv/backup
by jjcob | 2025-04-22 08:14:43+00:00
WD Red drives. They released a new version of their WD Red drive, and the only difference they stated in the specs was that it had more cache. So I thought, great, this is their updated model with more cache, it's going to be faster.

After some time, people started to post about problems with the new WD Red drives. People had troubles restoring failed drives, I had a problem where I think the drives never stopped rewriting sectors (you could hear the hard drives clicking 24/7 even when everything was idle)

Then someone figured out that WD had secretely started selling SMR drives instead of CMR drives. The "updated" models with more cache were much cheaper disks, and they only added more cache to try and cover up the fact that the new disks suffored from catastrophic slowdowns during certain workloads (like rebuilding a NAS volume).

This was a huge controversy. But apparently selling SMR drives is profitable, so WD claims the problem is just that NAS software needs to be made compatible with SMR drives, and all is well. They are still selling SMR drives in their WD Red line.

Edit: Here's a link to one of the many forum threads where people discovered the switch: https://community.synology.com/enu/forum/1/post/127228
by arkh | 2025-04-22 08:14:52+00:00
> leaving only mental capability as a differentiator

I think a huge part of most sports (especially combat ones) is muscle memory. You don't have time to think between moves. So if you want to be good you'll still have to work for days and make your body learn.

And if you think muscle memory is bullshit, try to remember how driving was hard at first and nowadays you can almost sleep through your commute.
by ViewTrick1002 | 2025-04-22 08:15:39+00:00
With negative learning by doing in the French case.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S03014...

Compared to China’s grid size they are barely investing in nuclear power.

Likely landing around 3% nuclear power in their electricity mix given the average of 4-5 construction starts per year since 2020.
Show HN: Free and ATS-Friendly Resume Builder with No Account Required
by madjidbr | 2025-04-22 08:15:53+00:00
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by marcus_holmes | 2025-04-22 08:19:21+00:00
> these are business people and they're very good at it (otherwise they wouldn't be giants)

just adding the point that the people who made them giants have all left by now, and the people they have now are incredibly good at internal politics rather than actual biz. You will probably find that they are more interested in how you can make them look good rather than how you can make their company money.

But yes, do not work for free. Large companies have a shit ton of money. Agree 100% with parent.
by chongli | 2025-04-22 08:19:43+00:00
If you don’t allow the empty set to be a set then you break the basic operations of set theory. For example, to show two sets are disjoint you compare their intersection with the empty set.

In an alternative axiomatization (without the empty set) you’re going to need to create some special element which belongs to every set and then your definition of disjoint sets is that their intersection is equal to the trivial set containing only the special element. What a clumsy hack that would be!
by tsimionescu | 2025-04-22 08:19:52+00:00
TDD in this sense of building a test suite before ever having working code, or even worse, the style of TDD that Uncle Bob presents in his book, where you write some test code, then some production code to make the test pass, then some more test code, then some more production code etc. is a fantasy and/or a disaster. Especially if we're talking at the level of unit testing: unless you have a very clear outline of the code that you're going to write, and unless the problem is very well specified, you'll throw away 90% of the tests you've written as your code evolves, wasting inordinate amounts of time in the process.

Regular static typing (assuming you don't go to the level of dependent types or something) has the advantage that it is extremely quick to write, compared to an equivalent test. So even if you get the types wrong 90% of the time on the first pass, you've still wasted only a trivial amount of time (consider how long it takes to write "int foo(int x)" versus tests that fail if "foo(x)" accepts anything except an int, or returns anything except an int for any int input - and how much work you'd throw away if you later realize you have to replace int with string).
by ViewTrick1002 | 2025-04-22 08:22:02+00:00
You seem to be working backwards from having decided that we must give enormous handouts to the nuclear industry.

Oil has in all but name stopped being used as an energy source. There is no inherent need for nuclear power, especially not at modern western new build costs of 18-20 cents/kWh.

What you are saying is that renewables and storage will at their most strained be able to handle the peaking load. In California the base load is ~15 GW and peak load 50 GW.

So with your logic the renewables can when they deliver the least handle 35 GW of peak load.

Why would we use extremely expensive nuclear power for "baseload" when the way cheaper and more effective technology literally handles 2x the power when it the most strained?
by brynx97 | 2025-04-22 08:22:02+00:00
What can't TrueNAS do that was listed in the parent comment?

I'd rather have the flexibility offered by TrueNAS, in addition to the robust community. Yes, Synology hardware is convienent in some use cases, but you can generally build yourself a more powerful and versatile home server with TrueNAS Scale. There is a learning curve, so it is not for everyone.
by Jlagreen | 2025-04-22 08:24:09+00:00
Because Nvidia focuses on being a partner in each industry you mention.

See it that way, if you have an OS/SW for all the industries you mention then who is your competitor? Not the participants in that industries. Nvidia can partner with any automotive company but won't compete with any of them as long as they don't build cars. But imagine the potential of every self driving car being build using Nvidia AI?

Think about the potential of every robot build using Nvidia AI?

Think about the potential of any AI Service using Nvidia AI?

See, Nvidia isn't directly competing in the enduser market but instead focuses on the B2B. Nvidia can also create many different revenue streams from 1 customer.

For example an automotive customer: - Nvidia HW in car for AI - Nvidia data center on-prem/cloud for DriveSim in car - Nvidia Omniverse for car design and manufacturing simulation - Nvidia Isaac for robotics/logistics in manufacturing plant - Nvidia Cosmos+GR00T for robots inside the plant - Nvidia edge devices inside any robot in the plant - Nvidia NeMo data center on-prem/cloud for AI models / LLMs for internal use

And what will be the advantage? Nvidia can actually make it more and more seamless to operate between all Nvidia solutions. For example, you can do an update to your robots in Cosmos, simulate it in Omniverse and with 1 click update your Nvidia driven real robots. The alternative is that you have 3 solutions from 3 different vendors with no interface between them.

People have no idea, what Nvidia is actually creating. Nvidia has more SW engineers and even Nvidia employees call Nvidia an AI SW company. They publish so many libs and lots of other SW stuff that it's sometimes hard to keep up. Just look at all the RTX goodies for gamers which Nvidia is developing. And they are all free, well except that you need Nvidia HW for it. The same model, Nvidia will apply to ALL industries in the world. And here they discuss about CSPs being an issue for Nvidia while Jensen focuses to build a Mega Corp. which potential TAM is in every industry in the world :)
by petesergeant | 2025-04-22 08:24:37+00:00
So an initial LLM takes trusted input and a list of tools, and puts together an executable Python script using those tools. Some of those tools use LLMs for extraction purposes from downstream data, but the downstream LLMs don’t have access to tool usage, so even if the data to evaluate has malicious data, the worst thing they can return is a misleading string that’s not re-evaluated by an LLM, it’s simply set in a Python variable.

This feels like a lot of engineering for quite a narrow mitigation, and I guess I’m a little surprised to see a paper on it. Perhaps I need to start writing up some of my own techniques!
by dfox | 2025-04-22 08:25:01+00:00
Working from the fact that the NetBSD sees the OHCI controllers which are on the Starlet's AHB this runs with AHBPROT disabled (as does most homebrew), so NetBSD can in theory not only interact with Starlet mailboxes (as any normal game), but can also do pretty much anything to it as the entire Starlet address space is R/W accessible from Broadway (which on the other hand makes interacting with Starlet pretty much irelevant for normal use, as you can interact with the hardware directly using normal drivers instead of going through IOS)
by vladvasiliu | 2025-04-22 08:25:20+00:00
Indeed. I dug out the manual (MSI H170 Gaming M3), which has a block diagram showing the M2 port behind the chipset, which is connected via DMI 3 to the CPU. In my mind, the chipset was connected via actual PCIe, but apparently, it's counted separately from the "actual" PCIe lanes.
Tell HN: Llama on WhatsApp will never delete your messages
by cosbgn | 2025-04-22 08:25:26+00:00
Whatsapp and Messenger recently added Llama 3.2 directly inside the app. If you text something and then delete it the AI will still have access to the full conversation (try asking for a summary of the chat), there is no way to "really" delete any message
by Jlagreen | 2025-04-22 08:26:07+00:00
And yet, Nvidia innovates in gaming with SW 10x more than anyone. Strange side business it is which is also worth billions by the way.

Did you know that Nvidia has a gaming cloud running which might become the largest in the world at some time?

In 10-20 years, Nvidia might make more revenue from gaming cloud than they do today with gaming HW.
by TabTwo | 2025-04-22 08:26:17+00:00
I'm not sure what customers Synology is targeting. Small office/home office (SoHo) was their original market, but these customers won't be willing to pay high prices per drive. Medium-sized businesses? They mostly move their infrastructure to the cloud, which probably leads to low sales volumes. Plus, they're very price-sensitive too. Large enterprises and corporations? This is the domain of established providers like NetApp. Synology might dream about the high prices that these major storage vendors can charge, but this market is difficult to enter without years and years and years of proven reliability in hardware and service.

I don't think this will work the way Synology imagines it.
by musicale | 2025-04-22 08:26:32+00:00
I think "C wannabe" is a complaint about some modern BASICs trying to be too much like C.

Dartmouth BASIC and timesharing were remarkable achievements: a simplified version of Fortran that could be learned in an afternoon but could be used for a wide variety of programs, including games; a fast, interactive compiler; and efficient resource usage and multiplexing that enabled a single machine to be shared by dozens (?) of interactive users. BASIC was also simple enough that it could be implemented compactly and efficiently on 8-bit microcomputers, while retaining its ease of learning for beginners and non-experts. And you could still write/run games with it.
by femto | 2025-04-22 08:26:32+00:00
Some BASICs had a RENUM command. They were a bit of a pain as well. As you wrote your program you got to know which line numbers were associated with which statements. Doing a RENUM meant having to relearn the "meaning" of each line number. I'm pretty sure my VZ-200 didn't have the RENUM command.
by buccal | 2025-04-22 08:26:40+00:00
Cool project.

Speaking of newish natural gas (CH4) heaters, they all should have modulating thermostat capability with OpenTherm/eBus or other protocol. Combined with a thermostat with outdoor temperature sensor system efficiency is increased a few percent and that should help offset thermostat and installation costs. In the end you have more efficient modern heating system.

Same should apply for heat pump systems.
by benoau | 2025-04-22 08:26:54+00:00
Fundamentally I guess it feels like they have ground to a halt or even quietly retired the DSM line.

Let's look at your NAS for an example (it's actually worse for mine cause I always loved the Slims lmao).

DS1821 has no GPU transcoding because it uses the AMD Ryzen 1500B, what you've observed is this processor is just powerful enough to brute force some transcoding but it has no hardware transcoding:

https://www.synology.com/en-global/products/DS1821+#specs

DS1821 successor was recently revealed to be the DS1825. So if your NAS died in a few months, that would be your obvious choice for a replacement. They decided to continue using the AMD Ryzen 1500B, which is now seven years old. TBD if they bother releasing it this year. In a few months they could call it DS1826 instead.

https://nascompares.com/2025/03/13/synology-ds525-ds1525-ds4...

Meanwhile DSM still lacks support for NVMe volumes, in fact there are still no NVMe-only models at all, you can't even install DSM to NVMe, they cut support for USB drives, they cut support for HEVC, and they almost never update docker and some of the other tools.

The hardware's going nowhere and the software's going backwards.
by andyjohnson0 | 2025-04-22 08:27:48+00:00
I use my own domains, with registration and dns hosting from a reputable registrar, and paid-for email hosting from a reliable company that offers good support. SPF etc records properly set-up, including on domains that don't accept emails.

For the above: recovery email addresses (different email provider) set-up, 2fa enabled, multiple yubikeys for authentication, with fallback to authenticator codes synced to multiple devices, with fallback to recovery codes stored in multiple locations. Pay yearly for services, renew domains multiple years ahead. Reminders in my calendar to check that renewals have gone through successfully.

Periodically (couples of times a year max) back-up email to local storage using imap.
by Jlagreen | 2025-04-22 08:29:46+00:00
Actually, Nvidia has already built the ecosystem. Now, they are refining and adapting it to the fast research in AI.

Others talk about chips when Nvidia thought about interconnects 8 years ago. Today, competitors try to catch up on this while Nvidia talks about One Giant GPU.

The next step will be scale up and then scale out.

Nvidia is always ahead because what the article fails to see is that where CSPs are today is where Nvidia was in the last decade. Nvidia has a working ecosystem for everyone which they can now fine tune with actual customers.
by thephyber | 2025-04-22 08:30:40+00:00
Layered defense. AND is better than XOR in this case.

The Ukrainian soldiers with shotguns can be overrun by an swarm and a shotgun’s effective distance isn’t great compared to how high drones fly for scouting. Better to have a truck mounted heavy weapon behind you and shotguns covering grunts on the front line working together.

That said, the front line of the RU/UA war is not the only useful place for this weapon. Presidential rallies, augmentation of the Iron Dome, defense of civilian airports, etc are all good candidates for a large truck-mounted weapon to counter swarms of drones.
by musicale | 2025-04-22 08:32:25+00:00
Dartmouth BASIC was designed for teletype-style, hard-copy printing terminals, rather than video displays. Conveniently your whole session was printed out, so you could take your email and program listing home with you. Line-by line editing was practical for printing terminals, and line-by-line I/O scaled well across multiple terminals on a timesharing system.

Line editing also worked well on microcomputers with cursor movement (like the C64) - you could edit code in place just by overtyping and hitting "return" for the appropriate line.

On a slightly unrelated note, teletypes date back to the 19th century telegraph (and typewriter) era.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teleprinter