MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by hnlmorg | 2025-04-07 08:21:26+00:00
As someone who’s written multiple parsers, I can tell you that having a parser that stops upon matched condition requires a lot more careful thought about how that parser is called in a reusable way while still allowing for multiple different types of parameters to be stored in that configuration.

For example:

- You might have one function that requires a little of all known hosts (so now your “stop” condition isn’t a match but rather a full set)

- another function that requires matching a specific private key for a specific host (a traditional match by your description)

- a third function that checks if the host IP and/or host name is a previously known host (a match but no longer scanning host names, so you now need your conditional to dynamically support different comparables)

- and a forth function to check what public keys are available which user accounts (now you’re after a dynamic way to generate complete sets because neither the input nor the comparison are fixed and you’re not even wanting the parser to stop on a matched condition)

Because these are different types of data being referenced with different input conditions, you then need your parser to either be Turing complete or different types of config files for those different input conditions thus resulting in writing multiple different parsers for each of those types of config (sshd actually does the latter).

Clearly the latter isn’t simpler nor less code any more.

If you’re just after simplicity from a code standpoint then you’d make your config YAML / JSON / TOML or any other known structured format with supporting off-the-shelf libraries. And you’d just parse the entire thing into memory and then programmatically perform your lookups in the application language rather than some config DSL you’ve just had to invent to support all of your use cases.
by pasc1878 | 2025-04-07 08:21:28+00:00
I suspect because users and the originbal auithor did not understand multi user UNIX and so don't like the idea of having to use sudo and also they use Apple tools as much as possible rather than controlling the versions of libraries that they use which would be what commercial users were doing with Unix over 20 years before. It also uses /usr/local which is for locally compiled software so you get in a mess if you have a compiled version of a library that is also in Homebrew.

Macports and nix and fink will build under a new user id and install as root as per any other Unix. Thus the build can be controlled to only use known versions of other libraries.

Homebrew installs as the current user. - Try using it when you do have multiple users on a mac (which is uncommon).
by hollerith | 2025-04-07 08:21:37+00:00
The definition at https://opensource.org/osd has existed with only very minor changes since 1999.

If you want a different definition, all you have to do is invent a new term. The term "open source" was invented by the people who made the definition at the URL above. (It had existing uses, but the people who made the definition above were the first to apply the term to software or software licenses.)
by summerlight | 2025-04-07 08:21:41+00:00
AFAIK they got 15% of unseen queries everyday, so it might be not very simple to design an effective cache layer on that. Semantic-aware clustering of natural language queries and projecting them into a cache-able low rank dimension is a non-trivial problem. Of course, LLM can effectively solve that, but then what's the point of using cache when you need LLM for clustering queries...
by redbell | 2025-04-07 08:21:42+00:00
That's a cool game; I love it!

After spending a few minutes playing it, I came out with the feedback below:

It would be nice if you added some sound effects for "hits" and "misses". For better dynamics, consider varying the words length. It appears to me that you are serving only words with five letters. It appears that you are having a bug that prevents the game from running smoothly on the following browsers: Firefox (Windows) and Brave (Windows/Android). I tried other browsers/OSes and the game was running perfectly: Chrome/Edge (Windows), Safari (iOS) and Firefox (Android). Apparently, the script at "https://cloud.umami.is/script.js" is not being loaded which causes an exception to happen when you lose; this prevents the game to show "Try Again" and the screen goes blank instead where you have to refresh the page to play again.
by LoganDark | 2025-04-07 08:22:02+00:00
"File" means an entry in the file system, and so includes the metadata. It is not only the data.

When a copy a file you will be the owner because the new copy is your copy. Other attributes however like modification date for example will remain the same. It's not as if you wrote the contents of the file anew, especially not for copy-on-write architectures like Apple's APFS.
by InsideOutSanta | 2025-04-07 08:23:30+00:00
The article touches on this issue by pointing out that:

>The Cloud is what happens when the cost of storing data is less than the cost of figuring out what to do with the crap

But I think that's wrong. The actual issue is that you often can't figure out "what to do with the crap" because the difference between useful data and crap data is determined at the point in time when you need it, not when you store it.

I'm relatively careful with deleting data, but even so, there were countless instances where I thought something was no longer needed and deleted it, only to figure out that, a month later, I needed it after all.

Also, the article has a few anecdotes like this:

>Scottish Enterprise had 753 pages on its website, with 47 pages getting 80% of visits

But that is completely orthogonal to the question of what is "crap." The fact that some data is rarely needed does not mean it's crap. If anything, the fact that it is rarely needed might make it more valuable because it might make it less likely that the same data can be found elsewhere.
by dsign | 2025-04-07 08:24:46+00:00
You want to block subjectivity? Write some formulas.

There are three questions to consider:

a) Have we, without any reasonable doubt, hit a wall for AI development? Emphasis on "reasonable doubt". There is no reasonable doubt that the Earth is roughly spherical. That level of certainty.

b) Depending on your answer for (a), the next question to consider is if we the humans have motivations to continue developing AI.

c) And then the last question: will AI continue improving?

If taken as boolean values, (a), (b) and (c) have a truth table with eight values, the most interesting row being false, true, true: "(not a) and b => c". Note the implication sign, "=>". Give some values to (a) and (b), and you get a value for (c).

There are more variables you can add to your formula, but I'll abstain from giving any silly examples. I, however, think that the row (false, true, false) implied by many commentators is just fear and denial. Fear is justified, but denial doesn't help.
by TeMPOraL | 2025-04-07 08:25:36+00:00
> Can you look at the world model, like you can look at Waymo's world model? Or is it hidden inside weights?

I imagine it's the latter, and in general, we're already dealing with plenty of models with world models hidden inside their weights. That's why I'm happy to see the direction Anthropic has been taking with their interpretability research over the years.

Their papers, as well as most discussions around them, focus on issues of alignment/control, safety, and generally killing the "stochastic parrot" meme and keeping it dead - but I think it'll be even more interesting to see attempts at mapping how those large models structure their world models. I believe there's scientific and philosophical discoveries to be made in answering why these structures look the way they do.
by wongarsu | 2025-04-07 08:26:03+00:00
You obviously have to decide it on a case-by-case basis. But anything that is only used in a comparison is usually fine with saturating. And many things that measures values or work with measurements are fine with saturating if it's documented. Saturating is how most analog equipment works too, and in non-interactive use cases "just pick the closest value we can represent" is often better than erroring out or recording nothing at all.

Of course don't use saturating_add to calculate account balance, there you should use checked_add.
by sethammons | 2025-04-07 08:28:04+00:00
I have always hated Gherkin because the extra layer of language expression / abstraction is superficial, and PMs can't write any ol' thing that makes sense, it has to be supported by the parser.

But LLMs can make sense of any ol' thing, so, and it shocks me to admit such, maybe Gherkin is back on the menu.
by atmanactive | 2025-04-07 08:28:29+00:00
Windows Firewall, similar to IPtables, can only be set to on or off per rule. Yes, you can configure it however you like, but it has zero interaction with the user while it's running (except for a simple on/off checkbox on first socket listen occurrence).

In contrast, traditional third-party firewall programs for Windows were always fully interactive and would offer much finer control in that way. Something we would call a personal firewall. A personal firewall would allow users to inspect and control each and every network interaction (not just LISTEN).

Ever since I found a folder on my drive titled "xxx was here", back in 1999, on windows, I've been using a personal firewall. Changed many over the years, and now running Fort.

https://github.com/tnodir/fort
by silversmith | 2025-04-07 08:29:46+00:00
I owe my developer career to my mother giving me her old laptop sometime in late 90s. With the condition that if I break it, I fix it. Helped me through the process of installing Windows 3.11 for the first time, and then I was largely on my own.

I was in second or third grade, I think. Highlights include figuring out that if you prevented most of the drivers from loading, it was just possible to run Doom with 4MB of RAM. And installing Windows 95 from a shopping bag full of floppy discs (literally, a bag), and deciding that while it was cool to have running, the resulting 4 or 5 MB of free disk space was not conducive to proper computing.
by Gud | 2025-04-07 08:30:37+00:00
Frankly looking at many indicators it would seem large chunks of the US is doing terrible, not just the bottom 20%.

You now have enormous piles of debt, obesity, millions hooked on drugs, a blossoming private prison industry and a nation without a future?

I quote from Wikipedia: ‘In 2013, George Friedman, the head of Stratfor, wrote that the middle class' standard of living was declining, and that "If we move to a system where half of the country is either stagnant or losing ground while the other half is surging, the social fabric of the United States is at risk, and with it the massive global power the United States has accumulated."[54]’

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_of_living_in_the_Un...

Looks like most of the gains since the 80s have been concentrated to the top.
by bob1029 | 2025-04-07 08:31:55+00:00
Real-time and energy-constrained problems would be the top use cases in my mind given the current state of affairs. Beyond this, problems that are non-differentiable or where we desire strong symbolic interpretation. I think these techniques also tend to extrapolate more robustly than DNNs. Technically, any problem where algorithmic shortcuts like the chain rule of calculus break down.

I've been working on GP architectures that use short linear program tapes as part of their genome. Executing these programs can be done very quickly. Assuming the program tape is <=10kb in length and you are constraining to ~a megacycle in the interpreter, you can execute these programs 100k~1m times per second on a chunky workstation. The problems you can solve in this time & space are non-trivial. Once you evolve the desired program, you can write the interpreter for it in any language on any platform within half an hour.

Training is definitely going to be expensive but it can fit in one powerful machine. You don't need to keep a terabyte of data around in VRAM to make reasonable rates of progress. Paging out parts of the population to disk or S3 buckets is feasible with these techniques. It subdivides very nicely into however many islands you can afford to run.

Inference is essentially free and could run on the processor in your toaster oven.

These approaches can make CUDA & friends look like a Rube Goldberg machine by comparison. Being able to explain how the entire thing works to a peer in a single afternoon is perhaps another significant feature of these designs.

At the end of the day, there is a pretty good reason these techniques aren't popular - There aren't any quadratic scaling laws that constrain the architecture of GP. Only the much scarier exponential ones. I contend that the search space of all linear programs is viable, but I still don't have any proof that this is the case after chasing the rabbit for about a year. My central argument is that there are many high-quality programs out there. We just need to find one of them. I think the arguments against this tend to unfairly cast the problem as searching for a single needle in a haystack of 10^10000.
by xracy | 2025-04-07 08:31:57+00:00
Feels like one of the better possible outcomes from this is that Congress realizes it has actual powers and starts using them. But I'm predicting things are going to have to get bad before people wake up to this problem.

I think if this continues the most likely thing is that the US Dollar will soon no longer be the world's reserve country. I'm surprised other countries haven't hedged this way already given what happened the last time this administration was in charge, but I would sure be looking for a way out of the US dollar if I was a non-US-country right now.

If the tariffs hold, I would be looking to cut out US-dollars from my transactions as quickly and aggressively as possible. Feels like a couple of cinder-blocks attached to my parachute at the moment, I might not know how to untangle them, but surely it can't be worse than the state I'm in right now.

In the US, I shudder to think what would happen if the economy got this derailed, and everyone's doing everything they can to untangle from it. I would kind of expect China or Europe's stable economies to be a sudden draw that the rest of the world adjust to. And I would be starting to look at what things I can get from the rest of the world as an alternative to the US.

When I voted against this outcome I knew that I voted against the rest of the policy changes from this regime (Encroachment on 1st amendment, General Oligarchy, etc.), but I didn't know I was also voting against a pseudo-scorched-earth economic policy intended to destroy the US. There are real ways in which I hope they are too stupid to know what they're doing because they're digging their own grave. I just also fear the number of people who are going to be in that grave with them.
by asimpletune | 2025-04-07 08:32:00+00:00
It needs to be said that Darth Vader is not simply a villain who believes in the force but uses it for evil. He sincerely wants peace for the galaxy. In terms of goals Darth Vader and the Jedi ultimately want the same thing, or at least neither of them want "evil". Where they disagree is he just believes the best way to achieve peace is through gaining power, that's it.

It's essentially a contest of peace through control (order) vs peace through trust (balance), and for that matter the Jedi are not even successful in sustaining their beliefs.
by cess11 | 2025-04-07 08:32:32+00:00
It's much better packaged now than n years ago when I stumbled on installation and whatnot and gave up, that's great. If you like me don't like the font size, search the book for how to scale UI, the last snippet on that page show's how to do a global font size change.

Plain Pharo is a really nice environment too.
by piva00 | 2025-04-07 08:33:00+00:00
> Medical facilities aren't a tragedy of the commons. You pay for one if you need it and if there are enough people who need one to pay for it to exist, it does. If there aren't, by what reasoning should it? The people paying are the same people using it and they don't value it by as much as it costs.

So if you have a very rare disease which might cost a lot more to treat because there's no economies of scale you are... Not worth it? Your life is unworthy because it's unprofitable to save you? Or your mom, dad, sibling, loved one?

You need to be very, very deep into pure inhumane financial thinking to even consider this as a good outcome for a society. Please die if it's too expensive to care for you, it's economical eugenics.
by mindwok | 2025-04-07 08:33:38+00:00
Thanks for taking the effort to lay it out for me! I did watch the video, and I think I can see what you are going for. I appreciate the goal - having tooling that dynamically adapts to the problem I am trying to solve sounds like a dream.

My main reservation, at least initially, was that the website comes across too focused on the paradigm for its own sake. Hence my comment - it feels like a PhD project trying to project complexity and impressiveness. Personally I would have appreciated more focus on what it is, and why its useful, not an abstract framing of "moldable development". I hope that's not too harsh - just wanted to give my 2c honestly.
by stephenr | 2025-04-07 08:33:38+00:00
Interestingly, I see evidence of that wrapper on my Sonoma machine, but `/usr/libexec/rsync/` only contains the `rsync.samba` binary,

On my Sequoia machines, there is no `/usr/libexec/rsync`, and the `rsync` binary at /usr/bin seems to just be the regular `openrsync` binary.
by hoseja | 2025-04-07 08:33:48+00:00
"We’re destroying our environment to (...)"

No we're not. I really dislike this "environmental" anti-technologist angle. A single steel plant in china has tenfold "environmental impact" than all photos stored on a platter everywhere.

Would you prefer the photos are a cocktail of weird chemicals on a negative and printed on glossy photo paper?

Digital data is the most ephemeral we are able to make it through vast effort.
by Cadwhisker | 2025-04-07 08:35:36+00:00
'.dng's share the same file format structure as '.tiff's, but they have some extra fields.

For stills photography, Adobe's '.dng' format does fairly well, from 8-bit to 16-bit. It copes with any of the 4 possible standard RGGB Bayer phases and and has some level of colour look-up table in the metadata. Sometime this is not enough for a camera's special features and The Verge's article covers those reasons quite well.

For video, things get much more complicated. You start to hit bandwidth limits of the storage media (SD cards at the low end). '.dng' files were not meant to be compressed but Blackmagic Design figured out how to do it (lightly) and still remain compatible with standard '.dng' decoding software. Other, better compressed formats were also needed to get around the limits of '.dng' compression.

Red cameras used a version of JPEG 2000 on each Bayer phase individually (4 of them), but they wrapped it in patents and litigated hard against anyone who dared to make a RAW format for any video recording over 4k. Beautifully torn apart in this video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IJ_uo-x7Dc0

So, for quite a few years, video camera companies tip-toed around this aggressive patent with their own proprietary formats, and this is another reason why there's so many (not mentioned by The Verge).

There's also the headache of copying a folder of 1,000+ '.dng' stills that make up a movie clip; it takes forever, compared to a single concatenated file. So, there's another group of RAW video file formats that solve this by recording into a single file which is a huge improvement.
by ghaff | 2025-04-07 08:36:16+00:00
I do cull photos and docs but it takes effort and you will make mistakes. On the other hand, intelligent culling makes it easier to find things.

It’s a trade off especially with digital where there’s not that much cost associated with holding onto things relative to the physical world. My whole house is basically in storage because of a kitchen fire and I’m planning to be pretty selective about what I move back in.
Show HN: Helpedby AI – Multi LLMs chat with auto router, agentic RAG, MCP, etc.
by mgilangjanuar | 2025-04-07 08:36:27+00:00
What if, you didn't have to select a model every time you wanted to chat with an AI?

I built a chat platform with AI that has the capability to auto-route the best model to help you with your queries, such as Claude Sonnet 3.5 for coding tasks, GPT 4o for creative writing, and so on.

It also comes with members' invitation to the workspace, agentic RAG, and the ability to create your own MCP to solve your specific issues.

The best part is that you don't have to subscribe to anything. The service uses a pay-as-you-go model where you top up your balance, and it will be deducted based on your usage (token in & token out).

Try now at https://chat.helpedby.ai and let me know your thoughts!
by sanswork | 2025-04-07 08:36:54+00:00
How does your camera shop decide what to stock? How do they discover new brands to include? Without advertising smaller shops and by extension you would be unaware of any new brands or accessories available.

A ban on advertising would again stop grocery stores from discovering new products and testing them. Why bother when you can just partner up with P&g and stock only their stuff, your customers won't know there is choice so might as well just stock the brand that can offer you the best deal.
by virgilp | 2025-04-07 08:38:56+00:00
> Yes. I would be curious to hear what formed your impression that it is now considered an offensive bad thing.

I don't know, TBH. I think friends from US told me to be careful, that it's now politically incorrect to mention it, especially to express support for it/imply that it's a good thing? I don't live there so I wouldn't know for sure, especially given that when I interact with US colleagues I generally try to steer away from more potentially "touchy" subjects. I did notice myself that it's best to avoid some subjects in the US corporate world, since you never know what may be offensive. Or well, I don't, perhaps it's a me-problem.

(it's probably also that I don't understand all the local implications and sensibilities. Like, for me "melting pot" means the ability to take immigrants from all over the world, and turn them into "americans" with roughly the same culture & set of values. That, for me is unequivocally a _good_ thing, I think it's generally recognized that conflict at values-level is the most difficult one to resolve/ it's basically unresolvable. You can't have a nation working together if large parts of it have different set of values, that's just a recipe for internal divisions and long-term problems. Or anyway, that's my general line of thinking, that's why I personally have always felt that the "melting pot" was one of the best things US did, and did better than e.g. France or other nations. But I do recognize that there might be other problems associated with that, in the minds of US citizens; and being subjected to the "melting pot" can't be easy/pleasant for everyone, it's in the end about modifying/tweaking your identity so that's gotta be a hard process)