MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by zhivota | 2025-04-14 17:33:21+00:00
Life is risk. Compared to journeys undertaken by those in the past, this trip had an extremely minimal chance of disaster. I mean, the guy had a satellite phone! Unless he literally crashed his bike and died on the side of the road, the worst outcome here was a big bill from emergency services when they had to come rescue him from somewhere.

I rode my bike around Lake Erie back in 2007 without even a smart phone. I didn't have a map of places to stay, I just scoped out surreptitious camping sites mostly if I didn't happen past a campground at the right time of day.
by generj | 2025-04-14 17:33:31+00:00
The Judiciary can deputize anyone to be their Marshals, if the executive prevents the existing Marshals to faithfully follow legal court orders.

If that fails, the Judiciary could also in theory declare the executive in breach of their oaths and urge the military, state and other federal officials, and the public at large to follow their own oaths to the Constitution.

But at that point it’s just a civil war with more legitimacy. It’s still the right move for the court to make in the situation where they can no longer force the executive to follow the law.
by alabastervlog | 2025-04-14 17:33:33+00:00
El Salvador's government has stated they have no intention to ever release inmates from CECOT—it's permanent.

They have no rehabilitation programs and do not intend to establish such. There is no intent that the prisoners ever leave.

The plan with these US-sourced prisoners may be different from the ones El Salvador put there themselves, but apparently that's entirely up to Bukele now.

[EDIT] And regardless, "who knows when?" is indefinite.
by readthenotes1 | 2025-04-14 17:33:51+00:00
Allegedly...

"White House Deputy Chief of Staff Stephen Miller also chimed in, saying: "So it's very arrogant, even for American media to suggest that we would even tell El Salvador how to handle their own citizens. As a starting point, as two immigration courts found that he was a member of MS-13," "

https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/el-salvador-president...
by stego-tech | 2025-04-14 17:34:05+00:00
"You're being alarmist/hyperbolic/paranoid. That could never happen here." - Everyone, to people like me, since the post-9/11 PATRIOT Act days.

Now that the reality is staring them in the face, suddenly folks want to know "what can we do?" Well, I'll tell you exactly what you can do:

Nothing.

I want to make this abundantly clear: you cannot undo this damage. You cannot roll back this clock. You cannot go backwards to a time before our elected leaders annihilated the global trust in American Empire, Business, and Institutions in favor of authoritarian ideals. We have had over thirty years of clear warnings about the outcomes of our policies, and nobody gave a fuck.

The Old World is Dead (https://green.spacedino.net/the-old-world-is-dead/), and you cannot get it back. What we can do now, is move as quickly as possible to distance ourselves from the failed American state, its authoritarian regimes, and the sycophant companies and entities that enabled it. That means ditching American media, American goods, American services, and American capital. It's going to mean ostracizing an entire country and its people, and accepting the suffering that will bring until a new country (or countries) arise from its ashes, willing to cooperate on the global stage once more.

The only bright side is that countries who open their doors to persecuted minorities from America (LGBTQ+, non-white, neurodivergent, the disabled) are likely to reap immense brain gains as a result. America has failed, but the new world order has yet to be established - so if you want your country to have a seat at the table, now is the time to hoard (ex-)American talent and integrate them into your own society.
by Foulest | 2025-04-14 17:34:24+00:00
1) Osprey is just more protections built into one. It combines seven pre-existing safe browsing extensions you can already download into one lighter and better extension. All these extensions do is send the URL you visit to an API. That's what SmartScreen and Google SafeBrowsing do. 2) Read gorhill's comment. Checking network activity is easy, and checking every extension is always good.
by JumpCrisscross | 2025-04-14 17:34:28+00:00
TFA states “the researchers used a social table, which categorizes people by social position along with associated incomes” to estimate Roman and Han Gini coëfficients. The Gini being calculated for that era isn’t meant to be compared to the modern metric because it’s a different measure; the researchers were careful in couching this in a way the article is not.
by skydhash | 2025-04-14 17:34:46+00:00
> If you have a better idea you could get millions in VC funding to pursue that.

I would like to see:

- Some Smalltalk-like IWE (Integrated Work Environment), creating prompt snippets and chaining them together.

- A spreadsheet like environment. Prompt's result are always tables and you have the usual cell reference available.
by PaulDavisThe1st | 2025-04-14 17:34:50+00:00
2 years ago, I rode solo from Santa Fe to Seattle (about 1600 miles). The ride crossed some of the emptiest terrain in the lower 48 states of the USA. I have done several significant bike tours in the past, have travelled throughout the west in a powered vehicle and generally know how to look after myself in the wilderness.

I fully expected to face several significant sections where risks where high, notably from lack of water but also just general remoteness.

The reality was quite different. Just the distribution of gas stations meant that water supply was rarely a problem (though I did have a fancy australian 4 liter bottle on my bike and water bladder on my trailer). There was one day when I came close to running out and that was a little scary, but tiny sips and another 12 miles got me to a gas station.

But it wasn't just gas stations. There are not many places in the lower 48 where you can go 40 miles without passing some sort of human habitation if you're on a paved road. The Mojave and parts of Nevada might be an exception. I didn't need to get help from any such places, but I was always aware that I was passing by them.

In addition, sure, some of the most back- of the backroads I took got very little traffic, it was still the case that there would be at least a car every 2 hours or so.

My point is this: if you're travelling on paved roads in the lower 48, you are extremely unlikely to die from mistakes arising from unpreparedness. You might suffer a bit, but you will encounter someone who is very likely to be willing to help you.

One thing I would say, however: in years and decades past, I would never have had any hesitation riding or walking down a farm/ranch driveway if I needed water or help. News events over the last few years involving shootings of "strangers" in driveways now make me extremely reluctant to do such a thing. I contemplated this often on that ride, and if that situation had arisen, my plan was to stay on the road and make as much noise as I could before being OK'ed to cross their property line. A sad change for me, and for the country.
by jmkni | 2025-04-14 17:35:03+00:00
The increased context length is interesting.

It would be incredible to be able to feed an entire codebase into a model and say "add this feature" or "we're having a bug where X is happening, tell me why", but then you are limited by the output token length

As others have pointed out too, the more tokens you use, the less accuracy you get and the more it gets confused, I've noticed this too

We are a ways away yet from being able to input an entire codebase, and have it give you back an updated version of that codebase.
by dangtony98 | 2025-04-14 17:35:29+00:00
Hey! Co-founder of Infisical here.

I'd say SSH certificate-based authentication is implemented widely at big tech and larger enterprises (tons of sources on it) but hasn't received the same mainstream adoption as SSH public key authentication because the administrative experience to set it up can be quite cumbersome despite how much benefit it provides. Put differently, there's always been a tradeoff in terms of configuration effort and benefits reaped.

With Infisical SSH, we've tried to abstract away as much complexity as possible and give folks the ability to implement a SSH certificate-based access scheme across infrastructure with minimal administrative overhead.
by alabastervlog | 2025-04-14 17:36:36+00:00
The other day on here, I likened this to taking a bunch of steps toward a cliff, then jumping off, and then asking "what can I do to stop this?!"

We're in the "free-fall" portion now. All we can do is wait and see how far we fall before striking the ground. The time to stop it was during any of the steps we took toward the cliff's edge.
by sjsdaiuasgdia | 2025-04-14 17:36:37+00:00
If he was being held under that contract, then it wouldn't be correct for the DoJ lawyers to say he's outside of US jurisdiction. But they keep claiming that he's under El Salvador's jurisdiction. They say they can't ask for him back, it's out of their hands.

That's fundamentally incompatible with the idea that El Salvador is holding him at their direction and under a limited time contract.
by camdenreslink | 2025-04-14 17:36:44+00:00
I have a medium-sized typescript personal project I work on. It probably has 20k LOC of well organized typescript (react frontend, express backend). I also have somewhat comprehensive docs and cursor project rules.

In general I use Cursor in manual mode asking it to make very well scoped small changes (e.g. “write this function that does this in this exact spot”). Yesterday I needed to make a largely mechanical change (change a concept in the front end, make updates to the corresponding endpoints, update the data access methods, update the database schema).

This is something very easy I would expect a junior developer to be able to accomplish. It is simple, largely mechanical, but touches a lot of files. Cursor agent mode puked all over itself using Gemini 2.5. It could summarize what changes would need to be made, but it was totally incapable of making the changes. It would add weird hard coded conditions, define new unrelated files, not follow the conventions of the surrounding code at all.

TLDR; I think LLMs right now are good for greenfield development (create this front end from scratch following common patterns), and small scoped changes to a few files. If you have any kind of medium sized refactor on an existing code base forget about it.
by 3036e4 | 2025-04-14 17:36:44+00:00
I did that as well, in 2023. Tried to use PEGs as much as possible. Have only good memories of the PEGs, but have not had much reason to use them since. Janet+PEG is definitely something I will consider for future projects whenever I need to parse something. Even for something that would otherwise be just a small regular expression I think writing a PEG instead may make some sense for readability.
by crazygringo | 2025-04-14 17:36:47+00:00
> Through the entirety of human history you'd keep working for the same employer for your entire life

This is... not true. It's so not true I don't even know where to start rebutting it. But for a start, most of human history you were either hunting and gathering for yourself, keeping a flock for yourself, or farming land for yourself. "Employment" even as a concept is a pretty new concept on the scale of human history.
by bloppe | 2025-04-14 17:37:15+00:00
I agree that OpenAI is not technically a single point of failure because if it were to disappear, then all the companies that depend on it could simply switch to Gemini or Deepseek or Llama, etc. It's been well established that they have no moat and there are no significant barriers to switching.

I think the author is essentially using OpenAI as a synechdoche for the entire AI industry. Essentially every AI company is reliant on frequent, massive cash infusions to stay alive, and if the money starts drying up for OAI, it will dry up for everyone else as well. The author persuasively argues that OAI will need ~40B per year to stay alive through the end of the decade. Let's assume that the whole industry combined will need something closer to 100B. Assuming that faucet will stay open that long is seems pretty crazy to me.
by atemerev | 2025-04-14 17:37:47+00:00
Yes, confirmed by citing Aider benchmarks: https://openai.com/index/gpt-4-1/

Which means that these models are _absolutely_ not SOTA, and Gemini 2.5 pro is much better, and Sonnet is better, and even R1 is better.

Sorry Sam, you are losing the game.
by kens | 2025-04-14 17:37:55+00:00
There's a separated bike/pedestrian path on the Dumbarton Bridge, although that's south of SF. (When I was working at Sun Microsystems nearby, I saw the pedestrian path and randomly decided to jog over the bridge. I discovered that the bridge is a lot higher in the middle when you're jogging than when you're driving, so there was a lot of uphill.)
by n2d4 | 2025-04-14 17:38:03+00:00
Of these, some are mostly obsolete: GPT-4 and GPT-4 Turbo are worse than GPT-4o in both speed and capabilities. o1 is worse than o3-mini-high in most aspects.

Then, some are not available yet: o3 and o4-mini. GPT-4.1 I haven't played with enough to give you my opinion on.

Among the rest, it depends on what you're looking for:

Multi-modal: GPT-4o > everything else

Reasoning: o1-pro > o3-mini-high > o3-mini

Speed: GPT-4o > o3-mini > o3-mini-high > o1-pro

(My personal favorite is o3-mini-high for most things, as it has a good tradeoff between speed and reasoning. Although I use 4o for simpler queries.)
by bigyabai | 2025-04-14 17:38:05+00:00
Watch out, H1Bs. If your motherland is ever unjustly bombed, exploited, extorted, invaded, molested or pillaged, protesting it may end in your arbitrary deportation even if you're a naturalized citizen. The IDF killed your family? Your parents live in Ukraine? The end goal is to prevent you from even mentioning it within American borders. Nobody else is ever supposed to know.

You will be exposed to injustice, and it will make you question your righteous decisions out of fear. This rebranding of patriotism has been a long time coming.
by potato3732842 | 2025-04-14 17:39:13+00:00
It's a systemic problem.

The people crunching the numbers want to leave open the door to future research. If they ask X and crunch numbers and get answer Y but think it could be explained by Z they'll just leave it at Y and make Z it's own follow up so then can get credit for two rather than one. The people summarizing it for mass market consumption have every incentive to go with the most outrageous interpretations of Y because that's what grabs eyeballs and that's how they get paid.

And this is before you account for all the bad actors who'll willfully make little "oversights" like not correcting for stats across countries because they or their backers or colleagues they're trying to curry favor with have an axe to grind and want to see a particular result.
by trod1234 | 2025-04-14 17:40:07+00:00
Have you considered the monetary interactions of the full environment?

For instance the fact that that the only way to do this is through money printing, which non-reserve debt under Basel 3 modified (objective value) qualifies, and which itself creates artificial distortions that self-sustain throughout until something breaks?

This effectively drives inflation forward, while at the same time being in a negative GDP growth trend, which only further exacerbates a stagflationary environment.

Imagine the interest rate exposure risk in terms of an environment of uncontrollable higher interest from the petrodollar withdrawal where all production stalls because tech integration has been going on without anyone rational at the helm to mitigate systemic risk?

There really can be no part where OpenAI will become profitable because the profit is taken from jobs that would normally pay a wage.

A mechanical sieve if you will solely on the factor markets, that absorbs liquidity, creating and sustaining various forms of whipsaw distortions, an economic calculation problem that grows until something breaks.

The price of things generally speaking is the ratio of the amount in circulation to that which is available to the general worker. The less workers capable of using it, and there eventually is a point where a critical stall occurs and people stop transacting in the currency.
by generj | 2025-04-14 17:40:24+00:00
The government said on Saturday he’s alive.

It’s not worth speculating beyond that. From a purely cynical view, it’s better for the rule of law if he is alive as he can be a test case. If he’s dead, that is likely a different court case that could get assigned to a different more credulous or craven judge, plus burn out some time.
Show HN: Cache Up – Summaries of Hacker News Posts
by Nik_26 | 2025-04-14 17:40:52+00:00
Hello HN! We’re a small team of three developers—Chintan Acharya [1], Dev Patel [2], and Raj Vora [3]. We’d like to introduce Cache Up, a tool that fetches posts from Hacker News, tags them, and summarizes them in under 150 words. We’ve also built a personalized feature that filters posts based on user-selected interests.

Check it out here: https://cacheup.tech

PS: On our web app [4], you can drag or swipe to see the next post! We are in process of publishing mobile apps as well.

Thanks for your time, and we look forward to hearing your thoughts!

[1]: https://www.thecka.tech/ [2]: https://pateldev.tech/ [3]: https://rajvora.tech/ [4]: https://web.cacheup.tech
by jacobr1 | 2025-04-14 17:41:24+00:00
There is probably a difference here in a few different market segments. You have the AI tooling companies (foundation models, tooling frameworks, vector dbs, etcs...), AI product companies (Agents for Foo), Companies with existing business investing in AI projects, and also existing tooling/compute companies, especially the hyperscalers.

The AI tooling companies could loose a lot of hype and valuation, why the hyperscalers and companies just building incremental automation using llms/agents continue, albeit with less internal investment. How much would that take down the industry? How many existing tech players have fully bet on AI? Even a company like salesforce that has pivoted their marketing to all AI probably only has a small fraction of their revenue tied to it.
by dfxm12 | 2025-04-14 17:42:15+00:00
The thing is, immigrants as a whole are less likely to commit crime than American citizens. If the administration was actually targeting violent criminals, I don't think there would be such outcry. However, there just aren't enough people like that to move the needle, so the bulk of people getting caught up in this are people who are just living their lives and trying to get by, i.e. soft targets that the governments knows can't put up much of a fight.
by j-krieger | 2025-04-14 17:42:23+00:00
German here. Me and my employer pay 12 (together) for healthcare. I have no clue where the idea of „free“ healthcare came from, but it’s far from free. 20% of your wages is the general rule for healthcare here.

On paper, my employer pays me 72k per year. I net 36k of this after taxes and social insurances are paid.
by duxup | 2025-04-14 17:42:43+00:00
Limiting diversity programs, I vaguely get in a very distant way ... if I accept what I think is a dishonest argument from the administration.

>and limit student protests in exchange for its federal funding

I don't even know what that is supposed to mean / do?

The idea that you can somehow promise to limit the activity / speech of other adults with rights makes no sense and seems like a poor effort at an end run to avoid first amendment violation.
by johnnyjeans | 2025-04-14 17:42:52+00:00
Two high-risk demographics for inadequate medical care. Something I hadn't thought about up until this point, would socialized healthcare improve the situation for natives? I foresee a lot of legal boilerplate and additional acts required to interface with the reservations on a healthcare basis. On top of that, the wealthy reservations already have their own system which is much more equitable than the national one. The reservations that are struggling, where these figures are the worst, are very rural. I'm not aware of any country where rural access to healthcare is "very good". Certainly we'd see some kind of improvement with stronger, more centralized federal support... but would we even reach adequate levels?
by kiitos | 2025-04-14 17:43:07+00:00
You're totally right, in that: whatever MCP servers your client is configured to know about, have a set of capabilities, each of which have some kind of definition, all of which need to be provided to the LLM, somehow, in order to be usable.

And you're totally right that the LLM is usually general-purpose, so the MCP details aren't trained or baked-in, and need to be provided by the client. And those details probably gonna eat up some tokens for sure. But they don't necessarily need to be included with every request!

Interactions with LLMs aren't stateless request/response, they're session-based. And you generally send over metadata like what we're discussing here, or user-defined preferences/memory, or etc., as part of session initialization. This stuff isn't really part of a "prompt" at least as that concept is commonly understood.
by otoburb | 2025-04-14 17:43:38+00:00
Seems like 1-3 above could be answered/tracked with some plumbing pipeline elbow grease leveraging tools like open source edgartools[1] (just a happy user) or sec-api[2] paid proprietary service.

4 would be a heavier lift because it goes beyond the basic skill set of an average data/junior analyst.

[1] https://github.com/dgunning/edgartools

[2] https://sec-api.io/
by chaos_emergent | 2025-04-14 17:43:55+00:00
I meant this is actually straight-forward if you've been paying even the remotest of attention.

Chronologically:

GPT-4, GPT-4 Turbo, GPT-4o, o1-preview/o1-mini, o1/o3-mini/o3-mini-high/o1-pro, gpt-4.5, gpt-4.1

Model iterations, by training paradigm:

SGD pretraining with RLHF: GPT-4 -> turbo -> 4o

SGD pretraining w/ RL on verifiable tasks to improve reasoning ability: o1-preview/o1-mini -> o1/o3-mini/o3-mini-high (technically the same product with a higher reasoning token budget) -> o3/o4-mini (not yet released)

reasoning model with some sort of Monte Carlo Search algorithm on top of reasoning traces: o1-pro

Some sort of training pipeline that does well with sparser data, but doesn't incorporate reasoning (I'm positing here, training and architecture paradigms are not that clear for this generation): gpt-4.5, gpt-4.1 (likely fine-tuned on 4.5)

By performance: hard to tell! Depends on what your task is, just like with humans. There are plenty of benchmarks. Roughly, for me, the top 3 by task are:

Creative Writing: gpt-4.5 -> gpt-4o

Business Comms: o1-pro -> o1 -> o3-mini

Coding: o1-pro -> o3-mini (high) -> o1 -> o3-mini (low) -> o1-mini-preview

Shooting the shit: gpt-4o -> o1

It's not to dismiss that their marketing nomenclature is bad, just to point out that it's not that confusing for people that are actively working with these models have are a reasonable memory of the past two years.
by mandevil | 2025-04-14 17:44:10+00:00
What is the support for the idea that AI is a winner takes all market? I don't see any network effects or lock-in in this market. If you built a IDE that queries two different services, I don't think anyone would object or notice. Is the idea that all of those users providing actual user-data makes the next generation better? I haven't seen much evidence for that either, everyone seems to have slowed down and been disappointed with the pace of their improvements.

I do see that OpenAI has a brand recognition that, e.g. Anthropic doesn't have, but what else leads you to think that it is winner take most/all?