MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by conductr | 2025-04-07 16:18:55+00:00
> It's certainly difficult to predict which hype-y things are going to mature into sustainably large markets, and which are going to fade into obscurity, but a model of "things that are hyped are doomed" is not predictive

Perhaps this is where we differ. I offered a list of things that, granted IMO, were all hype with little substance. Or perhaps just on a timeline so long that many people got the hype timing wrong.

Your list was mostly things that were obvious winners. They were mostly building steam with real world use cases and trending hard before the buzzwords got associated with the movements (eg. Web 2.0 and saas). These were obvious enhancements to the status quo. I’m not sure they were overhyped as they did very much become the defacto standard for their time. It doesn’t mean they will hold that title for ever, but tremendous economic value falls under those umbrellas. I’d argue intrinsic value too (unlike crypto).

AI/LLM might do that in some regards. But doing it in a way that makes lasting business sense is still tbd. AI eating the world, still very much tbd. So I do think we agree on this point.
by rekabis | 2025-04-07 16:19:07+00:00
> if I want to add first party analytics to my site, the data from which I will use solely internally to try to figure out what pages people like and which they do not like,

This is doable entirely on the server side, provided there is no caching or CDNs that get in the way.

What you lose with that method, however, is all the spyware-like shit that analytics tends to gravitate towards.
by rayiner | 2025-04-07 16:19:22+00:00
> Sounds like generational wealth to me

Generational wealth is where you inherent wealth from parents. What’s being described in the article isn’t a level of security for which you need generational wealth.

> to whom the "success sequence" sounds like what I would promote if I were a Capitalist.

I’m from a literally socialist country and the success sequence would be considered a no brainer where I’m from. The success sequence is even more important in a socialist society. Because such societies commit to the collective caring for the individual, they have greater motives to maximize the number of individuals contributing and minimize the number of individuals being supported. It’s in individualist, capitalist economies where people can tolerate a diversity of lifestyle choices, because nobody cares if anyone else lives or dies.
by hangonhn | 2025-04-07 16:19:31+00:00
Even companies as well resourced as Microsoft made these mistakes well into the 2000s. Remember when they used plain old AES to encrypt the Viewstate for ASP.Net? It was vulnerable to padding oracle attacks: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padding_oracle_attack#Attacks_...

Cryptography is such an esoteric and deep field that it's easy for a fairly smart but inexperience engineer to misjudge the security of a particular implementation or usage of a cryptographic primitive.
by iLemming | 2025-04-07 16:19:42+00:00
Realistically, 30 minutes of walking a day is not enough to offset the long hours of sitting (no matter how great the chair is); standing desks aren't necessarily a better solution here either. Gym and healthy eating are a must, but not everyone can afford them (in terms of time).

Anyhow, unlike my non-programmer friends, I can never leave my work - whenever I'm walking my dog, working out, cooking dinner, or taking a shower - I still keep thinking about the things I need to solve, the failing tests, the PR comments, my open-source projects, etc.

Yes, I still love my job and wouldn't trade it for anything else. Sure, I'm very happy that I don't have to leave the house at 2AM to risk my life, but still, it isn't really one of "the easiest careers" - I am easily disposable, I don't ever receive a pension, whenever I need to find another gig - I have to go through seven circles of hell, and it never is the same hell to go through, I have too many bosses, I constantly have to keep learning new skills, routinely prove my worth, and defend my opinions, because even after twenty years of building expertise in various areas, in our field of work, one can never confidently call themselves an expert.
by immibis | 2025-04-07 16:19:57+00:00
Lawsuits are more common in Germany than the US. Possibly because the procedure is different, with lower overhead, and penalties are not reduced for reasons like: you don't have the money to pay.

I believe Germany is generally heavy on liability and light on ways to avoid it. If you damage someone's property, there may be a procedure to confirm that you damaged their property, and then you must pay the value of the damage - as well as the court fee because you didn't just pay it upon asking. No ifs or buts. You cannot avoid paying it in any way, including the clever use of paperwork to avoid paying it. That's why there's a high bar to form a GmbH. As you correctly pointed out, good insurance can also limit your effective liability. I think such business liability insurance products are very common in Germany.

After reading that, for all the talk the USA has about "personal responsibility", it doesn't seem that serious about it, does it?

I haven't been sued either, and I live in Germany. I did pay someone $100 to replace something I accidentally broke, and walked away with the broken thing. No court was involved there and I didn't bother to claim insurance.

Limited liability is something you should always want, and if it merely costs a $30 filing fee and some forms, you should get it, but it's obviously jurisdiction-specific and in Germany, with the much higher requirements, it's obvious that they really only want medium to large businesses to have it (though this isn't a direct rule, I think).

From this thread I just learned about the Unternehmergesellschaft (haftungsbeschränkt) which is apparently a GmbH that can be formed for less than $25,000, but instead, you have to set aside 25% of your profit until you have $25,000, at which point you can convert to a normal GmbH.
by btown | 2025-04-07 16:20:02+00:00
There seems to be a typo in OP's "Visualizing Our Results" - but things make perfect sense if red is non-nullable, green is nullable.

I'd be really curious to see where the "attention" heads of the LLM look when evaluating the nullability of any given token. Does just it trust the Optional[int] return type signature of the function, or does it also skim through the function contents to understand whether that's correct?

It's fascinating to me to think that the senior developer skillset of being able to skim through complicated code, mentally make note of different tokens of interest where assumptions may need to be double-checked, and unravel that cascade of assumptions to track down a bug, is something that LLMs already excel at.

Sure, nullability is an example where static type checkers do well, and it makes the article a bit silly on its own... but there are all sorts of assumptions that aren't captured well by type systems. There's been a ton of focus on LLMs for code generation; I think that LLMs for debugging makes for a fascinating frontier.
by pc86 | 2025-04-07 16:20:37+00:00
I'm very clearly responding to the oversimplifying final sentence and I cited several instances where non-citizens can indeed be held for days without violating US laws.

The GP frames this as the US doing something nobody else does, which is objectively false, and even if his specific example is an egregious violation of someone's rights I'm sure if we looked through the last 25 years of immigration detentions for other countries we could pick out something equally upsetting from each one.
by thesuitonym | 2025-04-07 16:20:44+00:00
If I type in 1/2, that means 1 divided by 2, or 0.5. If I then type +1, that means add 1.

1/2 I should never mean any kind of date, unless I'm entering it into a field that has already been declared a date field, or I have written that, then declared the field to be a date field.
by renewiltord | 2025-04-07 16:22:05+00:00
In fact, Apple has invested so much money in the iPhone. The only way they can make it work is if they sell the iPhone only to billionaires. Yes, just like Disney. The cost of Disneyland and Disneyworld mean that the only way it could provide a return is if the only people who can attend are the very wealthy. I think my model of the world is very good. It accurately describes things.
by StopDisinfo910 | 2025-04-07 16:22:52+00:00
> Neither Europe nor the US can compete with the level of disdain for the environment, labor laws and poverty that China brings to the table.

The issue is entirely subsidies at this point.

Labour costs have been steadily rising for the past decades and significant poverty hasn't been an issue for a long time. Emission wise, China is strictly ahead of the USA when you look per capita (unsurprisingly, they are not an oil producer).

China is not in a race to the bottom. Their hdi has been steadily climbing. They are economically more or less in the same position that Japan was in the 80s before the Plaza accord but with less prosperity, on the verge of becoming a developed country.
by bluefirebrand | 2025-04-07 16:22:55+00:00
> Now we seem to have found an AI worthy of that title and instead start moving the goal posts on "consciousness", "understanding" and "intelligence".

We didn't "find" AI, we invented systems that some people want to call AI, and some people aren't convinced it meets the bar

It is entirely reasonable for people to realize we set the bar too low when it is a bar we invented
by bumby | 2025-04-07 16:23:23+00:00
I'm sorry but I think you’re mixing things up in the traditional sense of risk management. The probability is covered separately in risk management. A brake failure doesn't guarantee a particular consequence, but it does bound it and general practice is to assign the worst consequence. To use it on the Max scenario, MCAS can fault and not cause a plane to crash, but it still should be characterized as a "catastrophic" fault because it can cause loss of life in some scenarios. The probability is determined separately. Then post-mitigation consequence/likelihood/detectability are assessed. Take a look at how FMEAs are conducted if you still disagree; it’s fairly standardized in other safety critical domains.

I agree there may be cases where there are no reasonably safe options. That means your engineered system (especially in a public-facing product) is not ready for production because you haven't met a reasonable risk threshold.
by Workaccount2 | 2025-04-07 16:23:34+00:00
>Thanks for explaining. I think the answer to your question lies in the fact that Hamas is not a regular army. They're fighting an army that has the most advanced weapons and tech on the planet, and they can't put a target on their back while moving around. This has been the case throughout history when the indigenous resistance fights a mighty colonial army.

I just don't see how that makes it ok to camouflage as civilians. If Hamas cannot take on Israel, then the war is lost and it's better to go to the table and take what you can get rather than let your whole population die while staving off the inevitable.

Japan was in a similar situation in WW2, where they armed the populace (men and women) and gave them basic instruction on how to fight. This was in preparation for a land invasion, and the emperor was ready to sacrifice as many civilians as it took to protect his empire.

But the bombs dropped, they went to the table (knowing they would get bent), and avoided mass death of Japanese civilian "soldiers".
by ben_w | 2025-04-07 16:23:37+00:00
Beyond a certain point, the tariffs become meaningless because nobody bothers trading legally anyway.

I don't know where the real cutoff is, but for an extreme example: if the tariffs are 1e6% or 1e7%, nobody's buying anything by lawful channels.

Also, there's not much stopping people from shipping to a country with a 10% tariff, that 10% country taking a 1% cut to slap a different "made in" label on the side and then re-exporting to the US, making it effectively an 11% tariff for whoever originally made it.
by rickdeckard | 2025-04-07 16:23:46+00:00
Just as I wrote. CR3 is used by Canon also during development and tuning of their sensors and cameras.

DNG would not replace CR3, because CR3 would still be needed before launch, and Canon has no incentive to change their entire internal toolchain to comply to Adobes DNG specification.

Especially not because the DNG format is patented and allows Adobe to revoke the license in case of dispute...
by ethagknight | 2025-04-07 16:25:01+00:00
Not a battery expert but part of the challenge is too much heat in some places, not enough in others, so heat management is a big challenge, but coolant routing is complicated. The heat pump is a big deal and far more efficient (4x?) than a 'block heater', and resistance heat is the old solution that the industry moved away from.

I believe the "microscale channels" are a better solution that reduces the amount of heat generated at the connection points of the battery, and also reduces the high temperature gradient at high voltage charging at low internal temps (high internal temperature delta), which I understand to be a primary cause of battery degradation.
by wongarsu | 2025-04-07 16:25:28+00:00
At that scale you are probably better off building your own solution: a low-power microcontroller with a temperature sensor, a small heating element (search "heating foil"), some voltage sensing with the ADC on the battery and solar panels, and a bit of simple logic.

If you are mostly concerned with low-temperature charging you could even power all that from the charging side only.
by zetazzed | 2025-04-07 16:26:01+00:00
Ōdī et amō. Quārē id faciam fortasse requīris. Nesciŏ, sed fierī sentiō et excrucior.

I hate and I love. Why I should do this, perhaps you may ask... I know not, but I feel it done to me, and I am wracked.
by shafyy | 2025-04-07 16:26:38+00:00
I have founded multiple companies in Germany and in the US. Sure, in the US you have services like Stripe Atlas that make it a bit easier. But still, I would not say it's much crazier registering a company in Germany compared to the US.

Of course, it helps if you have a bit of an idea of legal concepts and accounting, but to be honest, that also makes sense, since you are starting a business.

This is not to say that we should not work to make it less bureaucratic in Germany (and other countries).

I agree that applying to loan and grant programs within Germany, and especially EU, are a super pain in the ass. I definitely see some potential there.
by susam | 2025-04-07 16:27:56+00:00
I have encountered my fair share of in-house RC4 implementations from the 90s. Every single one of them was vulnerable in some way. They suffered from all kinds of issues: improper IV initialisation, predictable keystreams, and even partial leakage of plaintext into ciphertext. RC4's deceptively simple specification made it enticing to implement, giving developers a false sense of confidence and security.

As another example, Microsoft Outlook 2003 infamously used CRC32 to "hash" the personal folder (.PST) passwords: <https://www.nirsoft.net/articles/pst_password_bug.html>. Naturally, it was trivial to find a CRC32 checksum collision and open someone else's PST.

Thankfully, the industry has come a long way since then. These days, rolling your own cipher is, quite rightly, considered a red flag!
by shalmanese | 2025-04-07 16:28:03+00:00
OK, but the people who keep on harping on this never seem to mention that the boss "liking you" is not about you cracking jokes and bringing in muffins on Thursday. It's about you being low drama and helping them achieve their KPIs in a way that helps them get promoted so they can bring you along with them.

It's the guy/gal who you know needs to be informed that the feature they've been painstakingly working on for the last 2 months is scrapped due to a strategic realignment and now they're tasked on working on some non-revenue bullshit to win a turf war and their response is a shrug and brainstorming of how do we play this rather than getting all up in their feelings and require emotional babysitting for the next 2 months.
by red75prime | 2025-04-07 16:28:26+00:00
> I think you'd need to explain to me why adding a tiny bit of additional complexity here is so unreasonable

As far as I understand DreamerV3 doesn't employ intrinsic rewards (like in novelty-based exploration). It adopts stochastic exploration which makes it practically impossible to get to rewards that require to consistently repeat an action with no intermediate rewards.

And finding intrinsic rewards that work good across diverse domains is a complex problem in itself.
by genewitch | 2025-04-07 16:29:04+00:00
I had two phones with 108MP sensors and while you can zoom in on the resulting image the details are suggestions rather than what I would consider pixels.

Whereas a $1500 Nikon 15MP from 20 years ago is real crisp, and I can put a 300mm lens on it if I want to "zoom in".

Even my old nikon 1 v1 with its cropped sensor 12MP takes "better pictures" than the two 108MP phone cameras.

But there are uses for the pixel density and I enjoyed having 108MP for certain shots, otherwise not using that mode in general.
by jmward01 | 2025-04-07 16:29:09+00:00
> Money is the best tool we have to measure that.

How you measure matters. Looking at only the individual misses the value of the organization they are with. If businesses did this then only sales would be employed since they are the only ones actually bringing in money right? Everyone else is a net negative. With government you would have to step back from even the organization level view. The National Parks Service doesn't make money right? That whole thing can be cut because they are a net negative right? If you are going to use money as a value signal, which I am arguing is a very flawed signal at the government level, then at least go to something like median income and not the individual or organization level. It is terribly flawed to say 'high median income - good country' but at least it is a money signal that, maybe, captures a few features about the utility of government. I'd argue strongly against this signal but at least then you could look at various actions as a whole and say 'overall median income is up/down because of this move' and then things like employing someone that isn't great at their job just to keep them off the street becomes an obvious win because median income is higher because of that.
by kjellsbells | 2025-04-07 16:29:30+00:00
Even if the democrats received a sudden vertebrae infusion, they hold no levers of power. One might ask where the spines are of the Republicans who are in a position to apply pressure from the inside. Trumpism may die due to pressure from the outside, but it seems far more likely that it will be taken down from the inside, eg internecine billionaire arguments, or a congressional palace coup.
by rickdeckard | 2025-04-07 16:30:01+00:00
The fatal scenario for a camera vendor would be to transition your customers to DNG over some years, then a dispute arises which causes Adobe to revoke your patent license, and suddenly all your past products are in violation of Adobe's DNG patent.

You not only have to remove DNG-support on those products, but due to warranty-law in many countries have to provide an equivalent feature to the customer (--> develop a converter application again, but this time for products you already closed development for years ago).

Alternative would be to settle with Adobe to spare the cost for all that. So Adobe has all the cards in this game.

Now: Why bother transitioning your customers to DNG...?
by neom | 2025-04-07 16:30:13+00:00
I know linux because I ordered a mandrake CD and put it on my windows computer in the 90s, nothing worked...I had the most insane experience, I'd go to high school, go online, have to write out how to do everything (including code) on paper, take it home, make progress, same same daily for some time, few days maybe a week I guess. I'm not sure why exactly it was easier to make mandrake work vs go back to windows, I think because of the file format and I didn't understand drive formatting or something. I basically just spent my whole childhood...er..life? fixing broken computers and breaking computers then fixing them...
by jimsmart | 2025-04-07 16:30:15+00:00
Feel free to substitute my use of the word "company", with "company / organisation / foundation". Plus others I'm surely forgetting.

I meant 'company' in the sense of a legal entity, probably paying some kind of tax, probably having to register/file their accounts every year. Here in the UK, all of these various different types of 'companies' all have to register with Companies House, and file tax returns to HMRC. 'Company' is the overarching legal term here.

— But sure, my bad: the post I was replying to actually used a term that is arguably better, 'organisations'. And I should have used that.

But my point still stands, whether a private limited company, or a non-profit of some kind, or an organisation, or a foundation, or a charity, or whatever — they're all legal entities of some kind — and they're all able to fund anything they please, if they see value in it.

- NetNod is actually a private limited company according to Wikipedia [1]. Corporate identity number: 556534-0014.

- Swedish Internet Foundation, formerly IIS, have corporate identity number: 802405-0190 (on their website [2])

- Sunet is a department of the Swedish Research Council, and uses the Swedish Research Council’s corporate identity number 2021005208, according to their website [3]

So they are all registered with the Swedish Companies Registration Office. Which I assume is their equivalent of Companies House here in the UK.

Maybe if you still think that they're not 'companies' — of some kind — then perhaps take it up with the Swedish Companies Registration Office! ;)

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netnod

[2] https://internetstiftelsen.se/en/

[3] https://www.sunet.se/en/contact
by marcinzm | 2025-04-07 16:30:53+00:00
> I fully expect the founders of those businesses originally have dreams of their business becoming the next F500. But when validation fails...

I take it you've not met many such people or business owners. No one except the utterly delusional would think a mom & pop restaurants, dry cleaners, new law practices, etc. would become a F500 company. Amazingly people start companies for reasons other than becoming a F500 company one day.
Show HN: A New Type of Dictionary for (Language) Learners
by dothereading | 2025-04-07 16:31:57+00:00
Inspired by Krashen's i+1 hypothesis and yomitan (a Japanese popup dictionary) my friend an I made a chrome extension that provides you with a custom definition of any word or phrase you encounter on the internet.

Custom because in addition to adapting to the context of the text, you can also adapt the difficulty level of your definition. This is great if you are an intermediate language student and want to go monolingual, but are struggling with the full native level dictionary definitions.

(P.S. there is also a science version that explains the highlighted text at multiple levels... think Wired's 5 levels More info about the tool at https://incontext.fun)
by autoexec | 2025-04-07 16:33:00+00:00
The server had POP3 support and one of the email accounts being used had been set to delete messages after 60 days. In the investigation FBI director James Comey said there was "no doubt that the work-related emails were removed electronically from the email system". There were more than a dozen cell phones and several ipads that were used to check the email accounts but most of them couldn't be obtained to check for downloaded email or forensic evidence of classified email, because hammers were used to destroy the evidence.