MurphyA/hacker-news huggingface dataset:
by GloamingNiblets | 2025-04-22 16:21:44+00:00
Thanks for sharing. I had trouble reading the transcript, so here is Claude's cleaned up version and summary:

Here's the condensed and formatted transcription in a single paragraph: This is the last thing I want to highlight this section on why RL works. Here they evaluate different things - they evaluate specifically pass at K and maj at K. Maj at K is like majority voting, so what you do is you have a model, you have a question, and you output not just one output but an ordered set. So you give your top 20 answers - 0 is your best answer that the model wants to give most, then the second most answer, third most answer, and so on. They could all be correct, just different reformulations of the same answer or different derivations stated in different ways. What you're interested in is how many of the top K results are correct - that's the pass at K. And if you had to vote if majority voting on the top K, how often would you be correct then? There's a slight difference, and that slight difference is actually made more drastic by reinforcement learning. They say, "As shown in figure 7, reinforcement learning enhances majority at K performance but not pass at K." These findings indicate that reinforcement learning enhances the model's overall performance by rendering the output distribution more robust. In other words, it seems that the improvement is attributed to boosting the correct response from Top K rather than the enhancement of fundamental capabilities. This is something we've come to learn in many different ways from reinforcement learning on language models or even supervised fine-tuning - what's happening most likely is that the capabilities of doing all of these things are already present in the underlying pre-trained language model. Summary: Reinforcement learning improves language model performance not by enhancing fundamental capabilities but by making the output distribution more robust, effectively boosting correct responses within the top results rather than improving the model's inherent abilities.
by _neil | 2025-04-22 16:22:11+00:00
Not on-device but for local network I’ve been looking at Speaches[0]. Haven’t tried it yet, but I have been running kokoru-web[1] and the quality and speed is really good.

[0] https://speaches.ai/ [1] https://huggingface.co/spaces/Xenova/kokoro-web
by weinzierl | 2025-04-22 16:22:17+00:00
Agreed that a detector would not help but some UV-C lamps are sold freely with arguably insufficient warnings.

Is das folgende Geraet sicher? https://www.doctor-san.eu/luftreinigung-desinfektion/uvc-des...

https://www.doctor-san.eu/luftreinigung-desinfektion/uvc-des...

https://www.amazon.de/Doctor-San-Sanierungstechnik-Desinfekt...
by exe34 | 2025-04-22 16:22:17+00:00
honestly, I've settled for a single text file. if I read something, I make a note in Google keep and transfer it to the text file when I get home. it's an org file that gets converted to html and synced to my phone along with everything else in the shared folder, but the point is that it's a flat file and I can grep or C-s.
by mugsie | 2025-04-22 16:22:30+00:00
> Who handles physical security and what sort of place is it located that it can house that kind of data?

In general, the cloud/systems operator, in conjunction with the launch customer will build a dedicated facility for the classified stuff, and for the controlled stuff may have a dedicated facility, or have segments of the DCs in the US with extra security. for the classified stuff, there is a pretty rigorous list of requirements for the DC, and for any NOC that operates the service.

> To what degree is the federal government subsidizing Amazon's retail dominance?

A fair bit, but they are just like any big customer - just with higher margins. I think that was part of the reasoning for breaking up JEDI after AWS got it - the administration at the time hated the AMZN leadership, so wanted to remove money firehose from them and give it to others.
by ilrwbwrkhv | 2025-04-22 16:22:44+00:00
Honestly I love that vercel and Superbase and these companies are making enormous amounts of money by only targeting JavaScript developers who have such a phobia of doing actual development work that they're willing to pay 10 times, 20 times the price for infrastructure to actually host their apps. They are not real developers and it's great to see them being squeezed and I'm glad that companies are making them pay through the nose and locking them in. They should suffer and face the consequences of their lack of skill.
by red-iron-pine | 2025-04-22 16:22:46+00:00
when I drove across the US for the military, relocating to near Seattle, I took a bunch of leave and stopped in Madison. ended up staying longer than I planned due to having a car parked in the wrong place and getting towed but really enjoyed the city.

winters would be rough but the summers would be nice. culture seemed neat. kind of like a smaller, colder Austin.
by panick21_ | 2025-04-22 16:23:01+00:00
There is solid hardware, it just not standard hardware for consumers. RVV support in software is already good and there are already many commercial chips.

> I bet many of its instructions will be micro coded since they aren't very useful for compilers anyway

I have listened to a lot of the talks about RISC-V and many about Vector extension, and micro-coding was barley mentioned.

What is more common is that people don't implement all the instructions in academic settings.

> Specifying standards for the future before you have working prototypes is very (ahaha) risky.

Absolutely nothing is standardized before hardware implementations exist. In fact, for Vector there was a first generation of the 0.7 that saw limited commercial use and far more more for the RVV 1.0 version.
by Vegenoid | 2025-04-22 16:23:02+00:00
Their plan? “We hear you loud and clear and are going to make sure we improve our processes to help us be better stewards in the open-source community”? That’s not a plan. It’s PR fluff.

Nobody is expecting this one incident to make Microsoft change. It’s about reputation, which can take a long time to shift, but can be important in the long term.

We don’t have to just accept it when a company issues a statement apologizing for their screwup. It’s perfectly acceptable to say “this apology means little to me, and if you want your reputation to change you need to do more”.
by lspears | 2025-04-22 16:23:33+00:00
"Though BGP supports the traditional Flow-based Layer 3 Equal Cost Multi-Pathing (ECMP) traffic load balancing method, it is not the best fit for a RoCEv2-based AI backend network. This is because GPU-to-GPU communication creates massive elephant flows, which RDMA-capable NICs transmit at line rate. These flows can easily cause congestion in the backend network."
Show HN: A free browser extension to discover your team's SaaS stack
by robgreen | 2025-04-22 16:23:51+00:00
I built Hapstack, a free browser extension that gives you a 6-month historical lookback into your team’s SaaS usage - instantly showing what tools are being used, by who, and when.

You can install it on Google Workspace. Literally takes 2 minutes and you'll get up to 6-months of data across your entire team.

It will alert you of new tools employees start using for the first time, too.

I’m looking for folks to try it out and share any feedback.

- What’s useful? - What’s missing? - What’s confusing?

Would really appreciate the feedback!
by serial_dev | 2025-04-22 16:24:12+00:00
I don’t think it happens because the “vibe coders” are necessarily clueless, it can very much be a calculated risk or tradeoff.

Based on the “vibe coders” crowd I see on X, they are a superset of indie hackers with lower barrier to entry when it comes to coding skills and less patience for mediocre success. They seem to have the “go big or go home” mindset.

As long as they have a popular product, they don’t mind forking over some of their profit to OpenAI or a hosting provider. None of the Ghibli generator app creators complained about paying OpenAI… If the product is not popular, no outrageous costs, and the product will be abandoned anyway very fast.
by conductr | 2025-04-22 16:24:31+00:00
I can see how interruptions would prove even more unnatural and annoying pretty quick. There's a lot of nuance in knowing how to interrupt properly and often, people that interrupt only do so quickly, then yield, allow person to finish then resume - very situational and tons of nuance. Otherwise, with current level of sophistication, you'd just have the AI talking over you the entire time, not allowing you to complete your thoughts/questions/commands/etc and people would quickly be more frustrated and just turn it off.
Ask HN: How do you send large sets of data to an LLM
by obayesshelton | 2025-04-22 16:24:44+00:00
So, I am hitting limits with the amount of data I am sending to Claude via the API.

I am trying to send about 5000 comments but I would love to send more but I am hitting limits of the message size.

What are some good design patterns when sending large sets of data to an LLM?

I ideally need to send all the data together at it gives context to the overall prompt.
by jes5199 | 2025-04-22 16:25:20+00:00
yeah he's really underselling the recent models' ability to do the "Designing the solution conceptually" part. I still have to be in dialogue with the AI - I ask a lot of questions, we iterate towards something - but I cover conceptual ground much more quickly this way. and then I still have to be the glue between "design" and "writing" steps, and have to manage that carefully or I get slop.

if you look at the change in capability over time, it looks like the AI are climbing this hierarchy. "Centaur" seems to already be giving way towards "research assistant". I hesitate to make predictions but I would not place money on things stabilizing here.
by ty6853 | 2025-04-22 16:25:39+00:00
The counterpoint is this happened to me once. When I reported the fraud, the bank accused my wife of being unfaithful to me in another state and accused me of bank fraud for reporting the fraud, then they closed my checking account and denied the claim.

I probably could have taken them to small claims court but I ended up paying the amount as I was moving cross country to a different court jurisdiction so I wouldn't have defaulted in a suite and I didn't want to be blacklisted from banking.
by 9dev | 2025-04-22 16:26:32+00:00
My plan is to query several public data sources [from within a web worker on the client, to avoid restrictions], such as WikiData, ISBN DB, the Library of Congress API, GoodReads, and a few others. There's really a lot of open data available; I want Colibri to automatically pull in metadata on books and authors, if possible.

I have prototyped a lot on this, but not published it yet. It works pretty well :)
by weinzierl | 2025-04-22 16:27:08+00:00
The problem with regular Geiger counters is that the sensitive ones saturate and you risk missing being in a high radiation environment. The models built for civil protection are not sensitive enough for daily use.

Luckily scintillation counters, like the one from the article seems to be, became really cheap in the past few years. I have a RadiaCode and it is a device one could only dream of a decade ago.
by LoganDark | 2025-04-22 16:27:15+00:00
Don't modern versions of Windows contain at least 5 different widget frameworks? Like, Win32, Ribbon (I think engineered for Office as you said), WinForms, WPF, WinUI 1/2/3... I think Apple just has Cocoa (Carbon is long gone), AppKit, UIKit, and SwiftUI.
by irq-1 | 2025-04-22 16:27:27+00:00
> This equates to approximately $0.06 per minute of audio input and $0.24 per minute of audio output.

https://openai.com/index/introducing-the-realtime-api/

About the nextjs site, I was thinking maybe its difficult to have supabase hold long connections, or route the response? I'm curious too.
by cmrdporcupine | 2025-04-22 16:27:27+00:00
I mean let's be fair: back then MUD nerds were using LambdaMOO's "moo" language and LPmud's "LPC" before things like Python were mainstream or serious, Perl pre-5.0 was terrifying and limited, and Ruby wasn't even on the radar.

So when we went to go do "serious" work we kinda missed them.

Your options in 1991, 92, 93 were earlier perls, shell + awk/sed, or maybe tcl or a lisp/scheme if you were lucky.

The languages inside those MUDs actually were ahead of their time, and their programming model -- in the case of MOO [and its offshoots CoolMUD and ColdMUD] at least -- was more similar to advanced systems like Smalltalk or Self which were hot interesting topics at the time.

Being "confined" to being "game" languages made them not get taken seriously (unlike "JavaScript" which arrived with all sorts of weird warts but had Netscape's brand on it), so the LPC people tried to make it into a "serious" language in the form of Pike, and it's not half bad?

By the late 90s, obviously things had changed. If somebody in a successful "serious" company had adopted Pike/LPC it could easily have had an alternative history where they became commonly used instead of perl5 or php on the early web. (It took Python a decade to get serious headspace there.)

(Gratuitous plug for my LambdaMOO defibrilation: http://github.com/rdaum/moor)
by ilrwbwrkhv | 2025-04-22 16:28:19+00:00
It's really sad that nobody is actually trying to be a real company these days. When Steve Jobs was asked that if he will ever sell Apple, he physically recoiled and scolded the person asking such things. Nowadays, all of these companies are being set up just to be acquired. Nobody has any ambition anymore to be long lasting, profitable and an actual business.
by exceptione | 2025-04-22 16:28:29+00:00
I am baffled by this moderation. It could be that it is my English which leads to misunderstandings. I mentioned some facts,

- namely that there are lots of denominations, sects, and currents that do not just place some minor debatable emphasis here or there, but where the teachings are directly in confrontation with those of Jesus (in the words of the scriptures). Disagree?

- namely that this phenomenon is especially large in the USA. This could (I phrased that more cautious than historians and theologians do) be a consequence of the "expelling/migration" of religious leaders gather their own following around highly, lets call it neutral, unorthodox teachings. That would explain a culture where all kinds of religious belief systems that are rather straying far from what Christianity consider the core of their beliefs, including a large proliferation of sects compared to Europe.

- Project 2025 is sponsored and written by organizations of which we have evidence of being not aligned to democracy and some important human rights. I do not have the recordings at hand, but I might assume people are informed enough here. From an Europeans perspective, this is nothing new.

Those are not flamebaits. They are an invitation for people to, for example, explain what they see on the ground, and how they see things going in the future, taking into account what the current power arrangements are.

So I am baffled. If this all sounds egregious, then I conclude we have an Overton Window here. Notwithstanding that in academia this is not even a discussion topic at all!
by lupusreal | 2025-04-22 16:28:44+00:00
> tone of voice an officer would use to order a private

Most people probably don't have the mental aptitude to be in that sort of position without doing some damage to their own psyche. Generally speaking, power corrupts. Militaries have generally come up with methods of weeding people out but it's still a problem. I think even if it's just people barking orders at machines, it has the potential to become a social problem for at least some people.

As for anthropomorphising being bad, it's too late. That ship sailed for sure as soon as we started conversing with machines in human languages. Humans already have an innate tendency to anthropomorphize, even inanimate objects like funny shaped boulders that kind of look like a person if you squint at it from an angle. And have you seen how people treat dogs? Dogs don't even talk.

Maybe it's harmful, but there's no stopping it.
by sylens | 2025-04-22 16:28:56+00:00
Bought a Synology in 2020, been using it for backups and Plex since then. Only recently started doing a little more with it (Immich, Kavita, etc.)

Sometimes I brush up against its limitations and its annoying to me; other times I like the convenience it provides (Cloud Sync, Hyper Backup). Even before this announcement, I think that when this thing bites the dust, I would likely build something myself and run Unraid or TrueNAS.

IMO what they really needed to do was improve the QuickConnect service to function similar to Cloudflare Zero Access/Tunnels, or integrate better with that. That's really the missing link in turning your NAS into a true self hosted service that can compete with big tech cloud services, in that you won't expose your home IP and won't need to fiddle around with a reverse proxy yourself.
by mmarian | 2025-04-22 16:29:01+00:00
I built a free, online tool that enables people to copy Cloudflare WAF rules from one source zone, to a list of target zones. This is especially useful when you have hundreds or thousands of domains.

2 questions that you may want to ask right off the bat:

1. Why not just use Terraform? A: There’s a sizeable minority who aren’t comfortable with IaaC - managers of ecommerce sites, for example.

2. Doesn’t Cloudflare’s account-level WAF config solve this? A: Only if all your zones are in that account. Often not the case when you reach the scale where my tool comes in handy.

The UX is a bit quirky - people have to upload the list of zones with API credentials via a CSV file. I chose this approach for the MVP because I didn’t want to invest time in a) figuring the UI flow, and b) building the right safeguards for storing this highly-sensitive data.

I’d like to expand it to managing all Cloudflare settings, and to add templates - but it’s a big endeavor. I want to figure out a monetization strategy first - I’ve no clue at the moment.

Welcome any feedback - whether it’s on its positives, or flaws! It’ll help me decide whether to invest more time into this project. Thanks!
by PaulHoule | 2025-04-22 16:29:35+00:00
My son used to play Krunker [1] which has trading mechanics for cosmetics that really adds to the fun.

I think it demonstrates that gamers could take an interest in trading but also that you don't need NFTs for it. There are about 30 or so NFT items in the game and one exclusive cosmetic class: anybody you see wearing a wristwatch has a wristwatch NFT.

Trouble is that 2 people own all the NFT items in the game and these hardly ever get bought or sold -- people are trading every other kind of item all the time but there is hardly any interest in NFTs. Trading doesn't require NFTs and even if you think the blockchain is a good place to record ownership of items it doesn't change the fact that you need to have the rest of the game running to have a place to use the items.

[1] https://krunker.io/
by runeks | 2025-04-22 16:29:35+00:00
> The author keeps calling it "pipelining", but I think the right term is "method chaining".

Allow me, too, to disagree. I think the right term is "function composition".

Instead of writing

h(g(f(x)))

as a way to say "first apply f to x, after which g is applied to the result of this, after which h is applied to the result of this", we can use function composition to compose f, g and h, and then "stuff" the value x into this "pipeline of composed functions".

We can use whatever syntax we want for that, but I like Elm syntax which would look like:

x |> f >> g >> h
by techdmn | 2025-04-22 16:29:55+00:00
Are you arguing that since voters elect representatives, voters are ultimately responsible for everything those representatives do, even if it is contrary to the interests and desires of those who voted for them? If the process is flawed, are the results not also flawed? Unless we started with a perfect system, and voters clearly chose to make it less perfect. That doesn't match the history I know.
by toast0 | 2025-04-22 16:29:55+00:00
> This was a huge controversy. But apparently selling SMR drives is profitable, so WD claims the problem is just that NAS software needs to be made compatible with SMR drives, and all is well. They are still selling SMR drives in their WD Red line.

Well, SMR lets you store more stuff on the same platter (more or less); fewer platters reduces costs, etc.

WD's claims about it being a software problem would be more reasonable if they were providing guidance about what the software needs to do to perform well with these drives, and probably that would involve having information about the drive available to the OS/filesystem rather than hidden.
by DrillShopper | 2025-04-22 16:30:04+00:00
RE: 4

The current Attorney General's brother is running for a seat on the Board of Governors of the Washington, DC bar. It is expected that he will carry water for Trump and Bondi and impede any sort of disciplinary action the DC bar may dole out to any attorney working for Trump.

Yet another way Trump has his lackeys putting a thumb on the scale.
by jim201 | 2025-04-22 16:30:15+00:00
“Real developer” label or not, it is now easier than ever to dream up, build, and ship an app. And at the end of the day, that’s all that matters—-what you ship. Just seems incredibly gatekeepy to devalue someone’s work based on the tools they used to build their product.

Yes, “vibecoding” still has issues (and likely will for the forseeable future). I’m sure the next decade will be an absolute boon for security researchers working with new companies. But you shouldn’t dismiss people based on their use of these tools.

And other commenters are right that these expensive infra tools can be replaced later when the idea has actually been validated.
by mcphage | 2025-04-22 16:30:47+00:00
I don't think you need anything fancy to tackle the "surprise examination" or "unexpected hanging" paradox. This is my take on it, at least:

> The teacher says one day he'll give a quiz and it will be a surprise. So the kids think "well, it can't be on the last day then—we'd know it was coming." And then they think "well, so it can't be on the day before the last day, either!—we'd know it was coming." And so on... and they convince themselves it can't happen at all.

> But then the teacher gives it the very next day, and they're completely surprised.

The students convince themselves that it can't happen at all... and that's well and good, but once they admit that as an option, they have to include that in their argument—and if they do so, their entire argument falls apart immediate.

Consider the first time through: "It can't be on the last day, because we'd know it was coming, and so couldn't be a surprise." Fine.

Now compare the second time through: "If we get to the last day, then either it will be on that day, or it won't happen at all. We don't know which, so if it did happen on that day, it would count as a surprise." Now you can't exclude any day, the whole structure of the argument fell apart.

Basically, they start with a bunch of premises, arrive at a contradiction, and conclude some new possibility. But if you stop there, you just end up with a contradiction and can't conclude anything.

So you need to restart your argument, with your new possibility as one of the premises. And now you don't get to a contradiction at all.
by candiddevmike | 2025-04-22 16:31:49+00:00
Terraform is far too brittle of a tool/language to use LLMs IMO, even with guardrails. Naive changes like the kind LLMs tend to do can be catastrophic... I'm struggling to see the benefits of this product compared to more clickops-y infra LLM tools that just build out the infra without the GitHub shenanigans. I don't see a market where folks are savvy enough to understand the value of what you're doing here but unable to just have copilot or whatever generate all of this for them.