Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Universal Composable Security of Quantum Message Authentication with Key Recyling

Barnum, Crepeau, Gottesman, Tapp, and Smith (quant-ph/0205128) proposed methods for authentication of quantum messages. The first method is an interactive protocol (TQA') based on teleportation. The second method is a noninteractive protocol (QA) in which the sender first encrypts the message using a protocol QEnc and then encodes the quantum ciphertext with an error correcting code chosen secretly from a set (a purity test code (PTC)). Encryption was shown to be necessary for authentication. We augment the protocol QA with an extra step which recycles the entire encryption key provided QA accepts the message. We analyze the resulting integrated protocol for quantum authentication and key generation, which we call QA+KG. Our main result is a proof that QA+KG is universal composably (UC) secure in the Ben-Or-Mayers model (quant-ph/0409062). More specifically, this implies the UC-security of (a) QA, (b) recycling of the encryption key in QA, and (c) key-recycling of the encryption scheme QEnc by appending PTC. For an m-qubit message, encryption requires 2m bits of key; but PTC can be performed using only O(log m) + O(log e) bits of key for probability of failure e. Thus, we reduce the key required for both QA and QEnc, from linear to logarithmic net consumption, at the expense of one bit of back communication which can happen any time after the conclusion of QA and before reusing the key. UC-security of QA also extends security to settings not obvious from quant-ph/0205128. Our security proof structure is inspired by and similar to that of quant-ph/0205128, reducing the security of QA to that of TQA'. In the process, we define UC-secure entanglement, and prove the UC-security of the entanglement generating protocol given in quant-ph/0205128, which could be of independent interest.
Mass Inflation in the Loop Black Hole

In classical general relativity the Cauchy horizon within a two-horizon black hole is unstable via a phenomenon known as mass inflation, in which the mass parameter (and the spacetime curvature) of the black hole diverges at the Cauchy horizon. Here we study this effect for loop black holes -- quantum gravitationally corrected black holes from loop quantum gravity -- whose construction alleviates the $r=0$ singularity present in their classical counterparts. We use a simplified model of mass inflation, which makes use of the generalized DTR relation, to conclude that the Cauchy horizon of loop black holes indeed results in a curvature singularity similar to that found in classical black holes. The DTR relation is of particular utility in the loop black hole because it does not directly rely upon Einstein's field equations. We elucidate some of the interesting and counterintuitive properties of the loop black hole, and corroborate our results using an alternate model of mass inflation due to Ori.
Fundamental Security Issues in Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution

Several fundamental issues in establishing security in continuous variable quantum key distribution are discussed, in particular on reverse reconciliation and security under heterodyne attack. It appears difficult to derive quantum advantage in a concrete realistic protocol due to source and loss uncertainties, apart from the problem of bounding Eve's information after reconciliation. The necessity of proving robust security for QKD protocols is indicated.
Correlation of histological diagnosis and laboratory findings in distinguishing acute appendicitis and lymphoid hyperplasia

Purpose Acute appendicitis (AA) is one of the most frequent causes of abdominal surgery encountered in emergency rooms. However, reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH) is one of the appendicular pathologies often misdiagnosed. It is quite challenging to distinguish between AA and RLH in terms of planning treatment in an emergency. Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to compare the histological and laboratory findings of AA and RLH. Methods The retrospective data included in the study were obtained from patients diagnosed with AA. Complete blood count (CBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels of patients with AA and RLH were compared before the surgery based on the histological diagnosis of the patients. Results A total of 187 patients who previously underwent appendectomy were included in the study. Histopathological examination revealed that 152 patients (81.3%) were diagnosed with AA, and 35 (18.7%) with RLH. While white blood cell count (P < 0.001), neutrophil (P < 0.001), and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (P < 0.001) were found to be significantly higher in those with AA; lymphocyte (P = 0.003) and eosinophil counts (P = 0.033) were detected to be significantly higher in those with RLH. CRP level was also significantly higher in those with AA (P = 0.002) Conclusion We consider that CBC and CRP levels may be predictive in distinguishing between AA and RLH. We consider that these parameters may be valuable in making a distinction between patients before surgery.
Polyphenolic Profile, Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Potential of Medlar (Mespilus germanica L.), Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.) and Common Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna Jacq.) Fruit Extracts from Serbia

Plant-based food represents an excellent source of different nutrients and bioactive compounds, such as phenolics, carotenoids, vitamins, etc., with proven health benefits for humans. The content of selected phytochemicals, polyphenolic profile, and biological activity (antioxidant potential and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity) of fruit extracts of medlar (Mespilus germanica L.), blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.), and common hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna Jacq.), the neglected Rosaceae species originated from Serbia were studied. Targeted UHPLC/(−)HESI–MS/MS quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds revealed pinocembrin only in medlar fruit extract, and it is the first report of this flavanone in medlar fruits. Total phenolic content did not differ between extracts, whereas significant differences were observed for the contents of total flavonoids, total phenolic acids, and total gallotannins. Monomeric anthocyanins and total anthocyanins were significantly higher in blackthorn compared to medlar and hawthorn fruit extracts (p < 0.05). DPPH· and ABTS·+ scavenging activities for examined fruits were modest compared to other natural antioxidants and BHT. The most potent inhibitory activity toward α-glucosidase expressed medlar and blackthorn extracts with IC50 values of 129.46 and 199.84 μg/mL, respectively, which was higher compared to the standard drug acarbose.
Gravity with Auxiliary Fields

Modifications of General Relativity usually include extra dynamical degrees of freedom, which to date remain undetected. Here we explore the possibility of modifying Einstein's theory by adding solely nondynamical fields. With the minimal requirement that the theory satisfies the weak equivalence principle and admits a covariant Lagrangian formulation, we show that the field equations generically have to include higher-order derivatives of the matter fields. This has profound consequences for the viability of these theories. We develop a parametrization based on a derivative expansion and show that - to next to leading order - all theories are described by just two parameters. Our approach can be used to put stringent, theory-independent constraints on such theories, as we demonstrates using the Newtonian limit as an example.
Gambaran kadar hidrasi kulit sebelum dan sesudah fototerapi pada pasien Poli Kulit dan Kelamin di RS Sumber Waras Jakarta

Kadar hidrasi kulit merupakan salah satu parameter kesehatan kulit yang sangat dipengaruhi natural moisturizing factor (NMF) dan lipid interseluler. Terjadinya gangguan pada kedua komponen tersebut, baik yang disebabkan oleh faktor intrinsik maupun ekstrinsik akan menyebabkan penurunan kadar hidrasi kulit. Xerosis kutis atau kulit kering menimbulkan pruritus dan inflamasi. Fototerapi dengan narrow band ultraviolet B (NBUVB) yang digunakan untuk menurunkan inflamasi dan pruritus pada penyakit kulit dapat menyebabkan kadar hidrasi kulit menurun. Tujuan studi ini adalah mengetahui gambaran kadar hidrasi kulit pada subjek yang mendapatkan fototerapi narrow band UVB di Poli Kulit dan Kelamin Rumah Sakit Sumber Waras serta pengaruh dosis dan durasi fototerapi terhadap kadar hidrasi kulit. Studi ini merupakan studi deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang pada 10 subjek yang diambil menggunakan teknik total sampling. Subyek merupakan pasien poli kulit dan kelamin RS Sumber Waras yang datang selama periode Januari - Agustus 2020. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner, data rekam medis dan pengukuran kadar hidrasi kulit menggunakan korneometer. Hasil studi didapatkan kadar hidrasi kulit yang sangat kering pada seluruh subjek sebelum fototerapi dan kadar hidrasi kulit makin menurun setelah dilakukan fototerapi. Fototerapi narrow band UVB menurunkan kadar hidrasi kulit, namun tidak dipengaruhi oleh dosis dan durasi pemberian fototerapi.
Effects of NaCl Stress on the Growth, Physiological Characteristics and Anatomical Structures of Populus talassica × Populus euphratica Seedlings

In order to elucidate the salt tolerance mechanism of Populus talassica × Populus euphratica, the growth, physiology and anatomical characteristics of P. talassica × P. euphratica were studied under different concentrations of NaCl-stress treatments. In this study, the annual seedlings of Populus talassica × Populus euphratica were used as the test material in a field potted control experiment. The basic salt content of the culture soil was the control (CK), and two NaCl treatments of 200 mmol/L and 400 mmol/L were established. The pot experiment showed that: (1) Compared with CK, the 200 mmol/L NaCl-stress treatment significantly increased the growth parameters of P. talassica × P. euphratica, such as leaf area, plant height, ground diameter, biomass, root length, root surface area, root fork number and root-shoot ratio. However, compared with CK, the 400 mmol/L NaCl-stress treatment significantly reduced most growth parameters. (2) The 200 and 400 mmol/L NaCl-stress treatments significantly decreased various physiological parameters such as relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll content, water potential, stomatal opening and photosynthetic parameters and increased the accumulation of MDA and Pro compared with CK. The 200 mmol/L NaCl-stress treatment significantly increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and the 400 mmol/L NaCl-stress treatment significantly decreased the activity of antioxidant enzymes. (3) Compared with CK, 200 and 400 mmol/L NaCl-stress treatments significantly improved the leaf palisade tissue thickness and palisade-to-sea ratio, as well as the stem xylem and stem phloem thickness and pith diameter, and significantly increased the root xylem thickness, root phloem thickness, and root cross-cutting diameter of P. talassica × P. euphratica. The growth, physiological characteristics and anatomical characteristics of P. talassica × P. euphratica under NaCl-stress treatments showed that it had good salt tolerance and adaptability, and the 200 mmol/L NaCl-stress treatment promoted the growth of P. talassica × P. euphratica to a certain extent. This study provided a theoretical basis for the study of the salt-tolerant mechanism of P. talassica × P. euphratica.
Proton Pump Inhibitor Pantoprazole Modulates Intestinal Microbiota and Induces TLR4 Signaling and Fibrosis in Mouse Liver

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are one of the most prescribed drugs around the world. PPIs induce microbiota modulation such as obesity both in humans and in animal models. However, since PPIs can induce microbiota modulation despite the absence of a high-fat diet or weight gain, it is an interesting model to correlate microbiota modulation with the establishment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigated the effect of pantoprazole treatment on TLR4 signaling and liver histology in C57BL/6J mice for 60 days, trying to correlate microbiota modulation with some aspects of liver injury. We performed glucose (GTT) and insulin (ITT) tolerance tests, serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dosage, liver histology, liver and intestine extraction for Western blot and qPCR. Fecal microbiota were investigated via metagenomics. Chronic treatment with pantoprazole induced microbiota modulation and impaired ileum barrier integrity, without an association with insulin resistance. Furthermore, increased circulating LPS and increased Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and TGFβ downstream signaling may have an important role in the development of the observed liver microvesicular steatosis and fibrosis. Finally, this model of PPI-induced changes in microbiota might be useful to investigate liver microvesicular steatosis and fibrosis.
TRIGGERING COLLAPSE OF THE PRESOLAR DENSE CLOUD CORE AND INJECTING SHORT-LIVED RADIOISOTOPES WITH A SHOCK WAVE. II. VARIED SHOCK WAVE AND CLOUD CORE PARAMETERS

A variety of stellar sources have been proposed for the origin of the short-lived radioisotopes that existed at the time of the formation of the earliest solar system solids, including Type II supernovae (SNe), asymptotic giant branch (AGB) and super-AGB stars, and Wolf–Rayet star winds. Our previous adaptive mesh hydrodynamics models with the FLASH2.5 code have shown which combinations of shock wave parameters are able to simultaneously trigger the gravitational collapse of a target dense cloud core and inject significant amounts of shock wave gas and dust, showing that thin SN shocks may be uniquely suited for the task. However, recent meteoritical studies have weakened the case for a direct SN injection to the presolar cloud, motivating us to re-examine a wider range of shock wave and cloud core parameters, including rotation, in order to better estimate the injection efficiencies for a variety of stellar sources. We find that SN shocks remain as the most promising stellar source, though planetary nebulae resulting from AGB star evolution cannot be conclusively ruled out. Wolf–Rayet (WR) star winds, however, are likely to lead to cloud core shredding, rather than to collapse. Injection efficiencies can be increased when the cloud is rotating about an axis aligned with the direction of the shock wave, by as much as a factor of ∼10. The amount of gas and dust accreted from the post-shock wind can exceed that injected from the shock wave, with implications for the isotopic abundances expected for a SN source.
Brightest group galaxies and the large-scale environment

We study the dependence of the properties of group galaxies on the surrounding large‐scale environment, using SDSS-DR7 data. Galaxies are ranked according to their luminosity within each group and classified morphologically by the S´ ersic index. We have considered samples of the host groups in superstructures of galaxies, and elsewhere. We find a significant dependence of the properties of late‐type brightest group galaxies on the large‐scale environment: they show statistically significant higher luminosities and stellar masses, redder u-r colours, lower star formation activity and longer star‐formation time‐scale when embedded in superstructures. By contrast, the properties of the early‐type brightest group galaxies are remarkably similar regardless of the group global environment. The other group member galaxies exhibit only the local influence of the group they inhabit. Our analysis comprises tests against the dependence on the host group luminosity and we argue that group brightest member properties are not only determined by the host halo, but also by the large‐scale structure which can influence the accretion process onto their late‐type brightest galaxies.
Characterizing stellar halo populations – I. An extended distribution function for halo K giants

We fit an extended distribution function (EDF) to K giants in the Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration survey. These stars are detected to radii ∼80 kpc and span a wide range in [Fe/H]. Our EDF, which depends on [Fe/H] in addition to actions, encodes the entanglement of metallicity with dynamics within the Galaxy's stellar halo. Our maximum-likelihood fit of the EDF to the data allows us to model the survey's selection function. The density profile of the K giants steepens with radius from a slope ∼−2 to ∼−4 at large radii. The halo's axis ratio increases with radius from 0.7 to almost unity. The metal-rich stars are more tightly confined in action space than the metal-poor stars and form a more flattened structure. A weak metallicity gradient ∼−0.001 dex kpc−1, a small gradient in the dispersion in [Fe/H] of ∼0.001 dex kpc−1, and a higher degree of radial anisotropy in metal-richer stars result. Lognormal components with peaks at ∼−1.5 and ∼−2.3 are required to capture the overall metallicity distribution, suggestive of the existence of two populations of K giants. The spherical anisotropy parameter varies between 0.3 in the inner halo to isotropic in the outer halo. If the Sagittarius stream is included, a very similar model is found but with a stronger degree of radial anisotropy throughout.
Magnetic Critical Solutions in Holography

The AdS/CFT correspondence is a realization of the holographic principle in the context of string theory. It is a map between a quantum field theory and a string theory living in one or more extra dimensions. Holography provides new tools to study strongly-coupled quantum field theories. It has important applications in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and condensed matter (CM) systems, which are usually complicated and strongly coupled. Quantum critical CM theories have scaling symmetries and can be connected to higher-dimensional scale invariant space-times. The Effective Holographic Theory paradigm may be used to describe the low-energy (IR) holographic dynamics of quantum critical systems by the Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton (EMD) theory. We find the magnetic critical scaling solutions of an EMD theory containing an extra parity-odd term $F\wedge F$. Previous studies in the absence of magnetic fields have shown the existence of quantum critical lines separated by quantum critical points. We find this is also true in the presence of a magnetic field. The critical solutions are characterized by the triplet of critical exponents ($\theta,z,\zeta$), the first two describing the geometry, while the latter describes the charge density.
Annealing-induced enhancement of ferromagnetism and nanoparticle formation in the ferromagnetic semiconductor GeFe

We report the annealing-induced enhancement of ferromagnetism and nano-particle formation in group-IV-based ferromagnetic-semiconductor GeFe. We successfully increase the Curie temperature of the Ge0.895Fe0. 105 film up to ~220 K while keeping a single ferromagnetic phase when the annealing temperature is lower than 500{\deg}C. In contrast, when annealed at 600{\deg}C, single-crystal GeFe nano-particles with stacking faults and twins, which have a high Curie temperature nearly up to room temperature, are formed in the film. Our results show that annealing is quite effective to improve the magnetic properties of GeFe for high-temperature-operating spin-injection devices based on Si or Ge.
PHYSICAL CONDITIONS IN A YOUNG, UNREDDENED, LOW-METALLICITY GALAXY AT HIGH REDSHIFT

Increasingly large samples of galaxies are now being discovered at redshifts z ∼ 5–6 and higher. Many of these objects are inferred to be young, low in mass, and relatively unreddened, but detailed analysis of their high quality spectra will not be possible until the advent of future facilities. In this paper, we shed light on the physical conditions in a plausibly similar low-mass galaxy by presenting the analysis of the rest-frame optical and UV spectra of Q2343-BX418, an L* galaxy at z = 2.3 with a very low mass-to-light ratio and unusual properties: BX418 is young (<100 Myr), low mass (M⋆ ∼ 109 M☉), low in metallicity (Z ∼ 1/6 Z☉), and unreddened (E(B − V) ≃ 0.02, UV continuum slope β = −2.1). We infer a metallicity 12 + log(O/H) = 7.9 ± 0.2 from the rest-frame optical emission lines. We also determine the metallicity via the direct, electron temperature method, using the ratio O iii] λλ1661, 1666/[O iii] λ5007 to determine the electron temperature and finding 12 + log(O/H) = 7.8 ± 0.1. These measurements place BX418 among the most metal-poor galaxies observed in emission at high redshift. The rest-frame UV spectrum, which represents ∼12 hr of integration with the Keck telescope, contains strong emission from Lyα (with rest-frame equivalent width 54 Å), He ii λ1640 (both stellar and nebular), C iii] λλ1907, 1909 and O iii] λλ1661, 1666. The C iv/C iii] ratio indicates that the source of ionization is unlikely to be an active galactic nucleus. Analysis of the He ii, O iii], and C iii] line strengths indicates a very high ionization parameter log U ∼ −1, while Lyα and the interstellar absorption lines indicate that outflowing gas is highly ionized over a wide range of velocities. It remains to be determined how many of BX418's unique spectral features are due to its global properties, such as low metallicity and dust extinction, and how many are indicative of a short-lived phase in the early evolution of an otherwise normal star-forming galaxy.
Optimization and finite element modeling of orthogonal turning of Ti6Al4V alloys: A comparative study of different optimization techniques

The main goal of this research is to compare the various optimization strategies (Response Surface Methodology, Taguchi, and Teaching Learning Based Optimization) for orthogonal turning of Hard to Machine materials. The workpiece material in this work is Ti6Al4V alloys. After selecting cutting speeds in the High-Speed Machining range, orthogonal turning tests are performed on the material for a specific combination of machining parameters – Depth of Cut, Cutting Speed, and, Feed Rate. A Lathe Tool Dynamometer is used to record the cutting forces from the trials. After combining Johnson Cook Material and Damage models, a comprehensive Finite Element Model is created to model the Orthogonal Turning of Ti6Al4V alloys. Experiments conducted previously validate the developed model. Three different strategies, namely RSM, Taguchi, and TLBO, were used to optimise machining parameters for minimal Cutting Force. The approaches are compared for the best combination of machining parameters and the best Cutting Force value. Analysis of Variance is used to study the impact of machining factors on Cutting Force.
The feasibility of daily, weekly and ten-day water-level forecasting in Colombia

This paper analyses the feasibility of forecasting daily, weekly and ten-day water-levels at 20 hydrological stations forming part of the monitoring network supporting the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies' (IDEAM) Alert Service in Colombia (http://www.ideam.gov.co). Such viability was determined by a set of orthogonal performance criteria and implementing optimally adaptive linear combinations (OALC) was recommended for this study as a viable operator for configuring a real-time hydrological forecast system. It is shown that the forecast for daily, weekly and ten-day levels had satisfactory viability for 70% of the cases studied.