Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contradictory signal in future surface water availability in Austria: increase on average vs. higher probability of droughts

In this paper future changes of surface water availability in Austria are investigated. We use an ensemble of downscaled and bias-corrected regional climate model simulations of the EURO-CORDEX initiative under moderate mitigation (RCP4.5) and Paris agreement (RCP2.6) emission scenarios. The climatic water balance and its components (rainfall, snow melt, glacier melt and atmospheric evaporative demand) are used as indicators for surface water availability 15 and we focus on different altitudinal classes (lowland, mountainous and high alpine) to depict a variety of processes in complex terrain. Apart from analysing the mean changes of these components we also pursue a hazard risk approach by estimating future changes in return periods of drought events of a given magnitude as observed in the reference period. The results show in general wetter conditions over the course of the 21 st century over Austria on an annual basis compared to the reference period 1981-2010. Considering seasonal differences, winter and spring are getting wetter due to an increase in precipitation 20 and a higher fraction of rainfall as a consequence of rising temperatures. In summer only little changes in the mean of the climatic water balance conditions are visible across the model ensemble. On the contrary, by analysing changes in return periods of drought events, an increasing risk of moderate and extreme drought events during summer is apparent, a signal emerging within the climate system along increasing warming.
Image processing based object tracking application with fractional-order model reference controller

Bu çalışmada doğru akım servo motorun pozisyon denetimi, kesir dereceli integratörle birlikte geleneksel model referans uyarlamalı denetleyici yapısı kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Denetleyici yapısındaki iyileşme, uyarlama kuralında kesir dereceli operatörlerin kullanılmasıyla sağlanmıştır. Gerçek zamanlı çalışan sistemin referans pozisyon bilgisi, kameradan alınan değerlere göre güncellenmiştir. Sistem çıkışı, öğrenme katsayısı değiştirilerek tamsayı ve kesir dereceli uyarlama kuralına göre karşılaştırmalı olarak kıyaslanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre kesir dereceli yaklaşımın daha iyi sonuç verdiği gözlenmiştir. In this paper, position control application of DC servo motor is investigated by using conventional model reference adaptive control structure with fractional order integrator. Modification of the controller is achieved by fractional order integrator in adaptation rule. Object position for reference input of control system is updated in real time by the values obtained from camera of object tracking system. Results obtained for integer order integrator and fractionalorder integrator for model reference adaptive control system are compared and it is observed that the fractional-order integrator can provide faster adaptation for the system.
Vegetation reconstruction using plant wax n -alkane chain length distribution and δ 13 C of multiple chains: A multi-source mixing model using Bayesian framework

Plant wax n -alkane chain length distribution and δ 13 C have been studied in modern ecosystems as proxies to reconstruct vegetation and climate of the past. Studies on modern plants often report both chain-specific n -alkane concentrations and δ 13 C values. However, studies on geological archives interpret only one proxy, while both carry crucial information on the mixing sources. We propose a multi-source mixing model in a Bayesian framework that evaluates both 10 proxies simultaneously. The model consists of priors that include user-defined source groups and their associated parametric distributions of n -alkane concentration and δ 13 C with well characterized uncertainties. The mixing process involves newly defined mixing fractions such as fractional leaf mass contribution (FLMC) that can be used in vegetation reconstruction, and fractional source contribution to a specific n -alkane homologue (FSC n ). Markov Chain Monte Carlo is used to generate samples from the posterior distribution conditioned on both proxies. We present two case studies with distinct sets of priors. 15 One involves n -C 27 , n -C 29 and n -C 31 alkanes in lake surface sediments of Lake Qinghai, China. The model provides more specific interpretations on the n -alkane input from aquatic sources than the conventional P aq proxy. The other involves n -C 29 , n -C 31 and n -C 33 alkanes in lake surface sediments in Cameroon, western Africa. The model produces mixing fractions of forest C 3 , savanna C 3 , and C 4 plants, offering additional information on the dominant biomes compared to the traditional two-endmember mixing regime. FSC n can be used to assess the interpretation of associated n -alkane δ 2 H values, and future 20 versions of the model incorporating lipid H isotope systematics could support integration of this proxy with C isotope and chain length distribution data. Despite the achievements, processes associated with n -alkane integration into sedimentary archives have not been incorporated, and the model could be further improved by adding components such as n -alkane turnover and transportation. Future studies on modern plants and catchment systems will be critical to develop calibration datasets that advance the strength and utility of the framework.
A new strategy for dimensional metrology using smart dust networks

Today most manufacturing efforts in the industry are directed toward producing objects with forms and dimensions specifics. This situation opens the field of dimensional metrology, where several applications are available, and based on different technologies. This paper introduces a new strategy called SMS - Self-Measurement Systems - for dimensional measurement using the smart dust network concept. With this concept, we can imagine that the products will have in the future self-measurement capabilities based on the localization of the smart particles. In this paper we develop the SMS strategy and demonstrate the feasibility using a simple geometric form: the square.
JB Special Review— Fundamental Roles of Glycans in Eukaryotes Glycobiology of a -dystroglycan and muscular dystrophy

Most proteins are modiﬁed by glycans, which can modulate the biological properties and functions of glycoproteins. The major glycans can be classiﬁed into N -glycans and O -glycans according to their glycan-peptide linkage. This review will provide an overview of the O -mannosyl glycans, one subtype of O -glycans. Originally, O -mannosyl glycan was only known to be present on a limited number of glycoproteins, especially a -dystroglycan ( a -DG). However, once a clear relationship was established between O -manno-syl glycan and the pathological mechanisms of some congenital muscular dystrophies in humans, research on the biochemistry and pathology of O -mannosyl glycans has been expanding. Because a -DG glycosylation is defective in congenital muscular dystrophies, which also feature abnormal neuronal migration, these disorders are collectively called a -dystroglycanopathies. In this article, I will describe the structure, biosynthesis and pathology of O -mannosyl glycans.
Using Unlabeled Data for Increasing Low-Shot Classification Accuracy of Relevant and Open-Set Irrelevant Images

In search, exploration, and reconnaissance tasks performed with autonomous ground vehicles, an image classification capability is needed for specifically identifying targeted objects (relevant classes) and at the same time recognize when a candidate image does not belong to anyone of the relevant classes (irrelevant images). In this paper, we present an open-set low-shot classifier that uses, during its training, a modest number (less than 40) of labeled images for each relevant class, and unlabeled irrelevant images that are randomly selected at each epoch of the training process. The new classifier is capable of identifying images from the relevant classes, determining when a candidate image is irrelevant, and it can further recognize categories of irrelevant images that were not included in the training (unseen). The proposed low-shot classifier can be attached as a top layer to any pre-trained feature extractor when constructing a Convolutional Neural Network.
Playing Without Paying: Detecting Vulnerable Payment Verification in Native Binaries of Unity Mobile Games

Modern mobile games often contain in-app purchasing (IAP) for players to purchase digital items such as virtual currency, equipment, or extra moves. In theory, IAP should have been implemented securely; but in practice, we have found that many game developers have failed to do so, particularly by misplacing the trust of payment veriﬁcation, e.g. , by either locally verifying the payment transactions or without using any veriﬁcation at all, leading to playing without paying vulnerabilities. This paper presents P AYMENT S COPE , a static binary analysis tool to automatically identify vulnerable IAP implementations in mobile games. Through modeling of its IAP protocols with the SDK provided APIs using a payment-aware data ﬂow analysis, P AYMENT S COPE directly pinpoints untrusted payment veriﬁcation vulnerabilities in game native binaries. We have implemented P AYMENT S COPE on top of binary analysis framework Ghidra, and tested with 39 , 121 Unity (the most popular game engine) mobile games, with which P AYMENT S COPE has identiﬁed 8 , 954 (22 . 89%) vulnerable games. Among them, 8 , 233 games do not verify the validity of payment transactions and 721 games simply verify the transactions locally. We have disclosed the identiﬁed vulnerabilities to developers of vulnerable games, and many of them have acknowledged our ﬁndings.
Validation of an MR grading system for scoring soft tissue disease in metal-on-metal hip replacements

Poster: "ECR 2010 / C-2372 / Validation of an MR grading system for scoring soft tissue disease in metal-on-metal hip replacements" by: "H. L. Anderson, A. P. Toms, J. Cahir, R. G. Goodwin, J. Nolan, S. T. Donell; Norwich/UK"
Trailing-Edge-Change Mechanism for Longitudinal Attitude Control in an Insect-Mimicking Flapping-Wing System

In this study, we have suggested a simple trailing-edge-change (TEC) mechanism for a flapping-wing micro air vehicle (FW-MAV) and experimentally investigated its pitching moment generation capability. A combination of slider-crank and pulley-string mechanisms was used in a motor-driven flapping-wing mechanism for transferring the rotational motion of the installed motor to flapping motion of the wings. A high-speed camera was used to analyze the attitude change of the FW-MAV when the TEC mechanism was activated by a micro magnetic actuator. The experimental work confirmed that the TEC mechanism can successfully modify the wing kinematics during flapping wing motions, and change the longitudinal attitude of the flapping-wing MAV due to the generated pitching moment.
Design and Construction of Nanoarchitectures Using Smart Building Blocks

A series of metallomacrocycles employing functionalized bis(terpyridine) building blocks were designed and constructed by both self-assembly and step-wise procedures. Based on terpyrine-metal(II)-terpyridine connectivity, application oriented metallomacrocycles possessing controlled ligand juxtapositioning (i.e., 60°, 109°, 120° angles) led to the ability to form trigonal, pentagonal, and hexagonal shape-persistance macrocycles, respectively. Angular control units consisted of benzene, triphenylamine and carbazole moieties. Transisition metals [Ru(II), Fe(II), and Zn(II)] were used as the glue to bind together the terpyridine ligands. All the intermediates and final products were characterized by means of H NMR, C NMR, UV/Vis, and mass techniques. Using a simple cation exchange reaction, I have built a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) nanocomposite that was confirmed by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDXS) analysis to extend our modular chemistry. Studies of photoelectrochemical and luminescence properties have shown these metallomacrocycles to be useful for fabricating molecular devices such as dye-sensitized solar cells and organic light-emitting diodes.
Identification of potential clinical indicators of carotid plaque disruption using patient specific finite element modelling

It has been hypothesised that the stress distribution within the arterial wall may provide an indicator of atherosclerotic plaque disruption. Many studies have used patient specific finite element models to estimate the stress environment in atherosclerotic plaques, attempting to correlate the magnitude of stress to plaque vulnerability. This thesis investigates the accuracy of these stress measures as clinical indicators of plaque disruption and proposes two groups of novel measures, namely (i) the difference in curvature between the inner and outer plaque surfaces and (ii) the degree of required fibre remodelling during disease progression. To achieve these goals, patient specific geometries of the carotid bifurcation were developed from computerised tomographic angiography and excised plaques were tested to create material constitutive models. A remodelling algorithm was developed to predict the fibre architecture within complex geometries and thus infer an accurate anisotropic response for the arterial tissue. The fibre remodelling algorithm successfully predicted the complex fibre architecture which exists at arterial bifurcations, verified by comparison to experimental observations. Both groups of novel indicators proved useful in the identification of plaques vulnerable to disruption when assessed by comparing values of these indicators in symptomatic and asymptomatic vessels.
What Can Mental Health Teach Us About Social Media Screen What Can Mental Health Teach Us About Social Media Screen Time Misestimation? Time Misestimation?

Mobile platform providers have provided the ability to measure the time consumers spend on each app. This provides the opportunity to measure a consumer’s misestimation of their screentime which is a concept relevant to several mental health attributes such as depression, anxiety, and addiction. We provide additional evidence about the effect of objective screentime on mental health, but add a unique perspective on how screentime misestimation is determined by various mental health attributes. We collected data from a student sample (n=1005) who are from the demographic who most commonly use social media apps (18-29 yr olds). We measured our model across several of the most common platforms including Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube to maximize the practical implications. The results indicate that mental health attributes can indeed be reflected by misestimations of screentime. However, this effect varies by social media platform.
Modeling the Effects of Stress: An Approach to Training

Stress is an integral element of the operational conditions experienced by combat medics. The effects of stress can compromise the performance of combat medics who must reach and treat their comrades under often threatening circumstances. Examples of these effects include tunnel vision, loss of motor control, and diminished hearing, which can result in an inability to perceive further danger, satisfactorily treat the casualty, and communicate with others. While many training programs strive to recreate this stress to aid in the experiential learning process, stress inducement may not always be feasible or desired. In addition, live simulations are not always a practical, convenient, and repeatable method of training. Instead, presenting situational training on a personal computer is proposed as an effective training platform in which the effects of stress can be addressed in a different way. We explore the cognitive and motor effects of stress, as well as the benefits of training for mitigating these effects in real life. While many training applications focus on inducing stress in order to "condition" the stress response, the author explores the possibilities of modeling stress to produce a similar effect. Can presenting modeled effects of stress help prepare or inoculate soldiers for stressful situations in which they must perform at a high level? This paper investigates feasibility of modeling stress and describes the preliminary design considerations of a combat medic training system that utilizes this method of battlefield preparation.
B UG F IX G ENERATION USING G RAPH T RANS

Code repair, a task of learning to detect and fix bugs, is an important application of deep learning for source code. Previous work relies on code changes using Transformer models to represent code as sequences. However, code is naturally represented as a graph that encapsulates rich syntactic and semantic dependencies. Hence, generating edits for bug fixes requires both local structural information and global information. Inspired by GraphTrans (Wu et al., 2021), we propose FIXUR, a new architecture for generating bug fixing edits, by complementing graph neural networks with Transformer to encode the code graph. Our experiments show that FIXUR obtains near the state-of-the-art results on the code refinement benchmark, without relying on any large-scale pre-training. FIXUR achieves 20.50% and 11.01% top-1 accuracy on the small and medium datasets, respectively compared to 19.06% and 10.92% of CodeT5-small, which has a similar size.
KAJIAN KAPASITAS PENGETAHUAN KEBENCANAAN PADA TIM DISASTER RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH dr. ZAINOEL ABIDIN MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN BERBASIS MANAJEMEN PENGETAHUAN (KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT)

ABSTRAK Pengalaman Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr. Zainoel Abidin sebagai korban bencana tsunami pada tahun 2004 menuntut Tim Disasternya untuk dapat mengelola pengetahuan kebencanaan sehingga tercapai respon penanganan bencana yang maksimal. Penelitian ini berupa knowledge audit yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi knowledge asset, knowledge flow, membuat knowledge maps dan menemukan gap berdasarkan knowledge vision organisasi menggunakan pendekatan knowledge management dari Nonaka. Partisipan penelitian adalah seluruh anggota tim disaster rumah sakit. Metode penelitian adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis tematik disertai penyesuaian dengan teori Nonaka berupa SECI, ba, dan Knowledge Assets. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lemahnya semua bagian SECI dengan gap berupa jarang bicara bencana, proses organisasi yang tidak sehat, budaya organisasi yang menghambat proses berbagi knowledge, dukungan pimpinan yang tidak adekuat, bukan sebagai pekerjaan utama, konsep bencana eksternal yang dominan, terbatas kepentingan akreditasi, terbatas pada penguatan kapasitas pengetahuan individu, kesulitan membedakan tanggung jawab (tim disaster, K3, patient safety), aplikasi ilmu yang terbatas, dan mutasi personil yang tinggi. Knowledge assets yang dominan adalah experiential knowledge asset dan routine knowledge asset berupa tacit knowledge penanganan kegawatdaruratan medik. Tampak knowledge flow dengan pola yang tidak konsisten dan berbeda pada tiap level organisasi dengan hambatan yang besar. Beberapa rekomendasi telah berhasil dibuat berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut. Kata Kunci: Knowledge Management, Knowledge Audit, Knowledge Assets
Loudness functions under inhibition

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram to illustrate how Inhibition produced by masking or glare Increases lite slope (exPonent) of lite psychophysical power function. A given Inhibiting stimulus affects only stimuli weaker than itself. The overall psychophysical function then consists of two segments, botlr of which are power functions. The intersection of the two segments fonns a knee at the critical level where inhibition ceases. With no inhibiting stimulus present, the growth of sensation would follow tire dashed line. been found in some of the recruitment functions for ears suffering from cochlear involvement (e.g•• Meniere's disease). Regardless of the amount of hearing loss, the loudness typically reaches the normal level when the tone (1000 Hz) is about 30 dB above the affected threshold. The main features of the proposed model for the relations among the several variables-noise level, threshold shift, and slope (exponent) of the inhibited power function-can be 111ustrated by the diagram in Fig. 2. In the absence of an inhibiting noise, an equal-loudness function based on matches between one tone (ordinate) and a similar tone (abscissa) would normally follow the dashed line. In the presence of various levels of masking noise. however, the loudness of the inhibited tone follows one or the other of the steeper lines. The geometry is such that the slope of the inhibited function is a linear function of the level of the masking noise (in decibels). As pictured in Fig. 2, there is a constant 30-dB difference along the abscissa between the top and bottom of each masked function. Also, the signal-to-noise ratio is constant at both the top and the bottom of each masked function. As it turns out, the slopes (exponents) of the lines in Fig. 2 agree rather well with the slopes (exponents) of the inhibited loudness functions for a tone of 1000 Hz masked by a broad band of noise. In both vision and hearing, a masking or inhibiting stimulus increases the slope (exponent) of the power function that relates sensation to stimulus. The power transformation applies only to the inhibited rart of the function where the signal is fainter than the masking noise. Where the signal equals the noise, the function shows a discontinuous knee. Experiments were undertaken to see whether the loudness of a tone of 1000 Hz in a white noise would follow a model based on a constant signal-to-noise ratio at two locations, at the effective threshold andat the knee where the inhibited function meets the uninhibited function. The data accord with the slopes (exponents) generated by the model. The same model gives a fairly good account of the recruitment functions for ears suffering from cochlear involvement (e.g., Meniere's disease). Regardless of degree of hearing loss, loudness recruitment reaches normal when the tone (1000 Hz) is about' 30 dB above the affected threshold.
The effect of game-day promotions on increasing game attendance and fan engagement for major league baseball teams

This study applies contingency theory to analyze how effective promotions are at increasing attendance and facilitating fan engagement. Contingency theory framework assumes there is neither a best way to organize nor is any strategy equally effective (Galbraith, 1973; Shank & Lyberger, 2014). This is consistent with the results from this study, as there were significant findings but no clear or definitive answers. This study utilized an online survey of MLB consumers ages 18 or older that attended a game during 2014 or 2015, within 150 miles of an MLB ballpark, and without season tickets (N = 382). Scale psychometrics for identity antecedents and motivations was used to analyze areas of fan engagement. Multiple linear regression equations were completed, indicating that the effect of external contingencies on willingness to attend games varies within levels of fan engagement, and appeal of game-day promotions varies within levels of fan engagement. A comparison of means also found that effect of promotions on willingness to attend games does not vary within promotional categories. The findings support contingency theory and provide important implications for next-step strategies for scholarship and industry.