Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Association between Body Weight Misclassification in Adolescence and Body Fat and Waist Circumference in Adulthood: A Longitudinal Study

This study examined the longitudinal association between adolescent body weight misclassifications and body fat and waist circumference during adulthood. A sample was derived from a large Australian birth cohort study. The data analyses were restricted to 1002 participants for whom data on both measured and perceived weight at a 14-year follow-up and the actual measure of adult body fat and waist circumference at a 30-year follow-up were available. To determine misclassifications, we compared the perceived weight with the measured weight. The results were presented as means and mean differences (with a 95% confidence interval) of the body fat percentages and waist circumference levels across the weight misclassification groups, adjusting for potential covariates. For both male and female adolescents, weight underestimation was significantly associated with an increase in body fat percentages and waist circumference in adulthood as compared to those who correctly estimated their weight. In the mean difference analyses, adolescent males and females who underestimated their weight were found to have significantly higher body fat, and waist circumference means than those who correctly estimated their weight in the unadjusted and adjusted comparisons. The adolescent males who overestimated their weight had higher body fat, and waist circumference means when they reached adulthood. Increased awareness of weight misclassification and actual weight among adolescents might contribute to better control of weight gain in adulthood.
Derivative Formula and Harnack Inequality for SDEs Driven by Lévy Processes

By using lower bound conditions of the Lévy measure, derivative formulae and Harnack inequalities are derived for linear stochastic differential equations driven by Lévy processes. As applications, explicit gradient estimates and heat kernel inequalities are presented. As byproduct, a new Girsanov theorem for Lévy processes is derived.
Categorical Probabilistic Theories

We present a simple categorical framework for the treatment of probabilistic theories, with the aim of reconciling the fields of Categorical Quantum Mechanics (CQM) and Operational Probabilistic Theories (OPTs). In recent years, both CQM and OPTs have found successful application to a number of areas in quantum foundations and information theory: they present many similarities, both in spirit and in formalism, but they remain separated by a number of subtle yet important differences. We attempt to bridge this gap, by adopting a minimal number of operationally motivated axioms which provide clean categorical foundations, in the style of CQM, for the treatment of the problems that OPTs are concerned with.
17. Poincaré type and spectral gap inequalities with fractional Laplacians on Hamming cube

We prove here some dimension free Poincar\'e-type inequalities on Hamming cube for functions with different spectral properties and for fractional Laplacians. In this note the main attention is paid to estimates in $L^1$ norm on Hamming cube. We build the examples showing that our assumptions on spectral properties of functions cannot be dropped in general.
Quaternion-Kähler four-manifolds and Przanowski's function

Quaternion-Kahler four-manifolds, or equivalently anti-self-dual Einstein manifolds, are locally determined by one scalar function subject to Przanowski's equation. Using twistorial methods, we construct a Lax Pair for Przanowski's equation, confirming its integrability. The Lee form of a compatible local complex structure, which one can always find, gives rise to a conformally invariant differential operator acting on sections of a line bundle. Special cases of the associated generalised Laplace operator are the conformal Laplacian and the linearised Przanowski operator. We provide recursion relations that allow us to construct cohomology classes on twistor space from solutions of the generalised Laplace equation. Conversely, we can extract such solutions from twistor cohomology, leading to a contour integral formula for perturbations of Przanowski's function. Finally, we illuminate the relationship between Przanowski's function and the twistor description, in particular, we construct an algorithm to ret.
Step regulation in Paralympic long jumpers with intellectual impairment

: Long jump has been extensively used in the investigation of perception-action coupling. The restraints imposed by the tasks nested at the take-off board compel skilled long jumpers to adjust the length of the final 4-5 steps of the run-up based on visual input informing about time-to-arrival. This exploratory study examined the visual regulation parameters in athletes with intellectual impairment (II) during the approach of the long jump. The approach run of 10 elite level T20 Class long jumpers (IIJ) and 10 international level long jumpers without II (NIJ) was recorded during competition. An initial ascending variability of foot placement was observed for both groups, followed by a descending one in the late phase of the approach. The parameters associated with the onset of visual control for IIJ were found to be not statistically significantly different to those of NIJ. The mean maximum toe-board distance variability was 0.38 m and 0.27 m for IIJ and NIJ, respectively. The onset of regulation commenced at the fifth- and third-to-last step for IIJ and NIJ, respectively. The finding that IIJ adjust the last steps of the run-up with sufficient accuracy suggests the presence of visual control. This information can be used to optimize long jump approach run training for athletes with II. intellectual an enhanced of step length intellectual elite performance slower rate of acquiring experience the sporting skill coaches should monitor and take action to prevent the earlier regulation that results in a greater loss in velocity on the take-off board. Future research should focus on the mechanisms that control step regulation of elite level long jumpers with intellectual impairment and their interaction with the performance environment, constraints, and nested actions, adding the effect of different training methods (i.e., explicit vs. implicit learning) on mastering visual control strategies.
Mather discrepancy and the arc spaces

The goal of this paper is a classification theorem of the singularities according to a new invariant, Mather discrepancy. On the other hand, we show some evidences convincing us that Mather discrepancy is a considerable invariant: By introducing new log-canonical threshold and minimal log-discrepancy by means of Mather discrepancy instead of usual discrepancy of canonical divisors, we obtain the formulas of the new log-canonical threshold in terms of arc spaces, inversion of adjunction for wider class of singularities than the known one, lower seimicontinuity of the new minimal log-discrepancy and the affirmative answer to a conjecture of Shokurov type; One advantage of the new invariants is that these are defined for arbitrary varieties (without q-Gorenstein property); These results include the known results for usual log-canonical threshold and minimal log-discrepancy.
Simulation of the Kinematic Condition of Radial Shear Rolling and Estimation of Its Influence on a Titanium Billet Microstructure

The finite element method (FEM) computer simulation of the three-high radial shear rolling of Ti-6Al-4V alloy round billets was conducted using QForm software. The simulation was performed for the MISIS-100T rolling mill’s three passes according to the following rolling route: 76 mm (the initial billet diameter) →65 mm→55 mm→48 mm (the final billet diameter). The change in the total velocity values for the points on the radius of the 48 mm diameter billet was estimated while passing the rolls’ draft. The relative increase in the accumulated strain was estimated for the same points. Then, experimental shear rolling was performed. Grain sizes of the α- and β-phases were estimated in the cross section of the final billet at the stationary stage of rolling. The grain size distribution histograms for different phases were plotted. An area was found in the billet’s cross section in which the trend of change in the total velocity of the points changed. This area represented a neutral layer between the slowing peripheral segments of the billet and the accelerating central segments of the billet. Inside this neutral layer, the limits of the cylindrical surface radius value were estimated. Experimental radial shear rolling was performed to compare the experimental rolling results (the billet microstructure investigation) with the computer simulation results. The computer simulation obtained two estimations of the radius limits: 8–16 mm (based on the analysis of the total velocity change) and 12–16 mm (based on the accumulated strain’s relative increment change). The experimental rolling obtained two more estimations of the radius limits: 8.4–19.5 mm and 11.3–19.7 mm—based on the results of the microstructure investigation. It was confirmed that varying the kinematic and deformation parameters of radial shear rolling allows regulation of the thickness of the peripheral fine-grain layer and the diameter of the central coarse-grain layer of the rolled billets.
Experiments with the Markoff Surface

Abstract We confirm, for the primes up to 3000, the conjecture of Bourgain-Gamburd-Sarnak and Baragar on strong approximation for the Markoff surface modulo primes. For primes congruent to 3 modulo 4, we find data suggesting that some natural graphs constructed from this equation are asymptotically Ramanujan. For primes congruent to 1 modulo 4, the data suggest a weaker spectral gap. In both cases, there is close agreement with the Kesten-McKay law for the density of states for random 3-regular graphs. We also study the connectedness of other level sets . In the degenerate case of the Cayley cubic, we give a complete description of the orbits.
A Novel Secondary based Control Scheme for Voltage and Frequency in an Autonomous Microgrid

This paper addresses the restoration of both frequency and voltage in an islanded microgrid. Due to droop control, the power is being shared proportionally by the respective DGs, but the voltages and frequency parameters diverge from the specified values. A novel consensus-based distributed secondary controller is implemented to restore the voltage and frequency. This control strategy is implemented on the local control of DGs obscuring the centralized controller. The DGs communicate locally with each other. The controlled parameters e.g. voltage and frequency, converge to respective nominal values, thus en-abling precise active power and reactive power-sharing among the power-electronic converter enabled DGs. A test system considered in this paper consists of a Microgrid operated in an islanded mode which consists of four DGs connected in a distributed manner and are simulated in the MAT LAB environment. The results obtained verify the efficacy of the distributed control strategy.
Model Predictive Control for Magnetic Linked Multiport Converter

The magnetic linked multiport converter (MLMC) has high degree of control flexibility and can be operated as an effective interface for renewable energy integration to the traditional power grid and electric vehicle charging. Unlike the traditional magnetic linked dual port converters, the MLMC provides multiple ports, which share a common magnetic link. The MLMC has soft-switching ability, ensures galvanic isolation, and facilitates high-density power transmission. For the robust and effective operation of the MLMC, the voltages at the multiple ports should be perfectly balanced under rapid load change conditions so that the ports can be accessed in a plug-n-play manner. The traditional linear controller suffers from high voltage overshoot and undershoot under abrupt load change and the controller can be saturated which in turn makes the system unbalance. In this paper, a model predictive control technique is developed and proposed first time for the MLMC to ensure robust voltage control. The performance of the controller is tested under different load change conditions at different ports of the MLMC. The results show that the controller effectively balances the voltages under varying loads connected to the MLMC at random time interval. Moreover, with the predictive controller, the voltages achieves very fast dynamic response and do not show any significant voltage overshoot and undershoot, which indicates the superiority of the controller.
Duality in spin systems via the SU(4) algebra

We provide several examples and an intuitive diagrammatic representation demonstrating the use of two-qubit unitary transformations for mapping coupled spin Hamiltonians to simpler ones and vice versa. The corresponding dualities may be exploited to identify phase transition points or to aid the diagonalization of such Hamiltonians. For example, our method shows that a suitable one-parameter family of coupled Hamiltonians whose ground states transform from an initially factorizing state to a final cluster state on a lattice of arbitrary dimension is dual to a family of trivial decoupled Hamiltonians containing local on-site terms only. As a consequence, the minimum energy gap (which determines the adiabatic run-time) does not scale with system size, which facilitates an efficient and simple adiabatic preparation of e.g. the two-dimensional cluster state used for measurement-based quantum computation.
Zero-Sum Game (ZSG) based Integral Reinforcement Learning for Trajectory Tracking Control of Autonomous Smart Car

The ultimate aim of our research study is the development, practical implementation, and benchmarking of continuous-time, online reinforcement learning (RL) schemes for the trajectory tracking control (TTC) of fully autonomous vehicles (AVs) in real-world scenarios. The adaptive optimality and model-free nature offered by RL has a stronger promise against its model-based counterparts, such as MPC, against uncertainties related to the vehicle, road, tire-terrain and environmental dynamics. The existing studies on RL based AV control are mostly theoretical, often dealing with high-level TTC, and perform evaluations in simulations considering simplified or linear models with no disturbance and slip effects. The literature also demonstrates the lack of practical implementations in overall RL based autonomous vehicle control. Our ultimate goal is to fill these theoretical and practical gaps by designing and practically evaluating novel RL strategies that will improve the performance of TTC against uncertainties at all levels. This paper presents the simulation results of our preliminary studies in the online, longitudinal tracking control of a realistic AV (with uncertain nonlinear dynamics, as well as disturbance, and slip effects), which we treat as a Zero-Sum Game (ZSG) problem using an Integral Reinforcement Learning (IRL) approach with synchronous actor and critic updates (SyncIRL). The results are promising and motivate the practical implementation of the approach for combined longitudinal and lateral control of AV.
Double-bosonization and Majid's Conjecture, (III): type-crossing and inductions of $E_6$ and $E_7$, $E_8$

Double-bosonization construction in Majid \cite{majid1} is expectedly allowed to generate a tree of quantum groups. Some main branches of the tree in \cite{HH1, HH2} have been depicted how to grow up. This paper continues to elucidate the type-crossing and inductive constructions of exceptional quantum groups of types $E_6$ and $E_7$, $E_8$, respectively, based on the generalized double-bosonization Theorem established in \cite{HH2}. Thus the Majid's expectation for the inductive constructions of $U_q(\mathfrak g)$'s for all finite-dimensional complex simple Lie algebras is completely achieved.
Changes in body composition and physical performance measures during a regular competitive season among young backs and forwards rugby players.

This study aimed to compare the changes in body composition and physical qualities of under 19's backs and forwards during the season (i.e. from pre-season [Pre-S] to end-season [End-S]). Twenty-seven male youth rugby union players (mean ± SD: age, Forwards [n = 11]: 17.5 ± 1.2 and Backs [n = 16]: 17.0 ± 0.9 years) participated in this study. Participants were tested twice (i.e. at Pre-S and End-S) and completed: anthropometric, body composition, countermovement and squat jumps, 30-m sprint, squat and bench press 1-repetition maximum (SQ-1RM and BP-1RM). Significant differences were observed between Pre-S and End-S for body mass (BM) and lean mass (LM), among both playing positions (p < 0.034; ES > 0.71), whereas all other variables remained unchanged. Regarding physical performance, backs and forwards showed greater SQ-1RM and BP-1RM, respectively (p < 0.043; ES>-0.69). Moreover, backs and forwards exhibited higher split times from 5 to 30 m (p: 0.013 to <0.001). Substantial increases were observed in BM and LM for backs and forwards, which may have negatively impacted acceleration (i.e. 5-m sprint time) and initial sprint momentum for both playing positions. Our findings highlight the importance of carefully balancing changes in BM and body composition, to avoiding the detrimental effects of these variations on sprint performance.
Experimental investigation on the two body abrasive wear of AA6061-SiC-Gr nano and hybrid nanocomposites

Aluminium based hybrid nanocomposites can be employed in many applications owing to their desirable traits. Depending on the constituents of the hybrid metal matrix composites, they must be tested for their wear performance since there is a high chance that these materials will experience rapid wear. Determining the tribological behaviour of AA6061/ 2 wt. % SiCp nanocomposite and AA6061/2wt. % SiCp/2 wt. % graphite hybrid nanocomposite is the prime objective of this study. With AA6061 as the metal matrix and nano sized silicon carbide, graphite particles as primary and secondary reinforcements respectively, all the composite samples have been fabricated using ultrasonic assisted stir casting. Evaluation of the wear behaviour of the aforementioned materials is done using the two body abrasive wear tests conducted on a pin-on-disc apparatus. Wear coefficients and friction coefficients have been computed and were also analyzed with respect to various parameters. Additionally, wear mechanisms involved were deciphered and subsequently, wear maps have been developed for all the samples. The sample consisting 2 wt. % SiC and 2 wt. % graphite was found to have excellent wear resistance among all. Additionally, coefficient of friction was the lowest for the aforementioned sample itself.
CW Radar Based Silent Speech Interface Using CNN

The use of a silent speech interface (SSI) to issue commands is becoming more popular because users can use them without uttering the actual sound. This technique is useful for people with speech neurological problems or environments where a speech-based system would be impractical to use, e.g., in a noisy factory or a quiet library. However, state-of-the-art solutions for SSI is mostly based on vision camera or skin-mounted sensors. These technologies have issues where the camera has privacy concerns and skin sensors are not practical for many applications. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a radar-based SSI which is contactless and protects privacy. For this purpose, we constructed 2-dimensional images of mouth movements from radar echo as a profile of silent command. We propose deep learning-based convolutional neural networks (CNN) to recognize silent commands from 2D images. Our evaluation indicates that the proposed SSI accurately classifies four commands up to 89%.
Good and pissed: gendered emotional appeals on Twitter

ABSTRACT Persistent gender stereotypes portray women as pleasant and polite, but in the wake of the #MeToo movement and polarized politics, female candidates are turning to Twitter and they aren’t hiding their frustration. Congressional candidates use Twitter to connect with voters, but political stalemates over health care, reproductive rights, and pay equity are the fodder for female candidates’ emotionally charged rhetoric on Twitter. Women are running and winning at rates comparable to men, but female candidates are relying on emotional appeals in distinct ways from their male counterparts. We use a dataset of tweets by candidates for the U.S. House from 2016–2020 to evaluate gender-based differences in the emotional appeals candidates make on Twitter. We find that women running for office adopt a unique style of angry emotional appeals on Twitter, as female candidates defy stereotypes by incorporating more angry rhetoric in their tweets. These differences persist after accounting for differences in party, electoral success, district competitiveness, and other potential confounds. Our research demonstrates that women seeking congressional office act differently than men in their self-presentation online, and offers insight into how anger has become central to online messaging.
(CMMSE2018 paper) Solving the random Pielou logistic equation with the random variable transformation technique: Theory and applications

The study of the dynamics of the size of a population via mathematical modelling is a problem of interest and widely studied. Traditionally, continuous deterministic methods based on differential equations have been used to deal with this problem. However, discrete versions of some models are also available and sometimes more adequate. In this paper, we randomize the Pielou logistic equation in order to include the inherent uncertainty in modelling. Taking advantage of the method of transformation of random variables, we provide a full probabilistic description to the randomized Pielou logistic model via the computation of the probability density functions of the solution stochastic process, the steady state, and the time until a certain level of population is reached. The theoretical results are illustrated by means of two examples: The first one consists of a numerical experiment and the second one shows an application to study the diffusion of a technology using real data.