Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Compensating Processing Delay in Excess of One Clock Cycle in Noise Shaping Loops Without Altering the Filter Topology

This work presents an analytical method to design a stable loop filter for a noise shaper with parasitic delays or poles in the loop. This method does not require an increase in the order of the loop or extra feedback paths and keeps the original poles and zeros of the noise-transfer function at the same location. The method has been applied to a low-pass loop filter with a parasitic unit delay and a band-pass loop filter with either three unit delays or a high-frequency pole, obtaining stable loop filters in all three cases.
Joint Optimization of Data Transfer and Co-Execution for DNN in Edge Computing

Deep learning plays an increasingly important role in human life. However, resource-constrained IoT devices are still inefficient in performing deep neural network (DNN) inference. Existing works have attempted to improve the performance by leveraging edge computing that partitions DNN and offloads a part of workloads to the edge server. However, most of them focus on scheduling workloads among different devices, ignoring the network costs. Thus, user experience easily suffers from inferior conditions such as network congestion. To address this issue, we jointly consider network conditions and computing capabilities of the IoT device and edge server, and then propose FastCoDNN, a co-execution framework that enables high-performance DNN inference. Specifically, under inferior conditions, we conduct redundant calculation instead of data synchronization to reduce network costs. Then, we orchestrate redundant calculations and data synchronizations among the local and edge, and flexibly adjust them according to new network conditions. We propose a new algorithm based on dynamic programming to achieve this adjustment. Experimental results show that FastCoDNN achieves fewer network costs and much performance improvement compared with existing methods.
On Automating BACnet Device Discovery and Property Identification

BACnet is the most popular inter-communication protocol in building automation systems (BAS) and has been deployed in a large scale. It is critical to scan and perform risk analysis of a BAS. Existing work identifies BACnet devices in a manual way and does not further discover their properties. In this paper, we design and implement an automatic tool to identify a BACnet device at a given IP and enumerate both standard and vendor-defined BACnet objects and properties. We applied our tool to a testbed real-world BAS system on a university campus and successfully validated the tool’s effectiveness. Our tool is the first of its kind for risk assessment of the BAS, e.g., automatically scanning open smart buildings on the Internet. The video at https://youtu.be/YUfO8GQILxQ demonstrates that our toolkit may be used to remotely move a damper controlling a building’s Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system from the Internet and justifies the importance of using our tool for penetration testing of a BAS.
Optimal Power Distribution Method for Wind Farms to Enhance the FRT Capability of the LCC-HVDC System Under Commutation Failure

Line-commutated converter (LCC) based high-voltage direct current (HVDC) technology is a common technology for long-distance transmission of electricity. Commutation failure is a common fault in the LCC-HVDC transmission system, which brings new challenge to the stable operation of wind turbines on the sending AC grid. It is necessary to suppress the overvoltage of the sending AC grid to improve the fault ride-through (FRT) capability of the LCC-HVDC system under commutation failure. The voltage amplitude of the sending AC grid is affected by the power characteristics of the wind farms on the sending AC grid. Based on the analysis of the mathematical relationship between the reactive power of the wind farms and the overvoltage of sending AC grid and the mathematical relationship between the reactive power absorption capacity of the wind farms and the active power of the wind farms, the overvoltage of the sending AC grid can be suppressed by redistributing the power of the wind farms. An optimized power distribution method for wind farms is proposed to suppress the overvoltage of the sending AC grid and improve the FRT capability of the LCC-HVDC system under commutation failure. The effectiveness of the proposed optimal method is verified through two cases by building the simulation model based on Matlab/Simulink.
Search and Discovery in Personal Email Collections

Email has been an essential communication medium for many years. As a result, the information accumulated in our mailboxes has become valuable for all of our personal and professional activities. For years, researchers have developed interfaces, models, and algorithms to facilitate email search, discovery, and organization. This tutorial brings together these diverse research directions and provides both a historical background, as well as a high-level overview of the recent advances in the field. In particular, we lay out all of the components needed in the design of email search engines, including user interfaces, indexing, document and query understanding, retrieval, ranking, evaluation, and data privacy. The tutorial also goes beyond search, presenting recent work on intelligent task assistance in email and a number of interesting future directions.
Model Compression for Chinese-English Neural Machine Translation

State-of-the-art neural machine translation (NMT) models require large amounts of compute and storage resources, with some of the smallest NMT models clocking in at several hundred megabytes. This large size makes it diﬀicult to host NMT models in resource-constrained environments like edge and mobile devices, requiring that the user utilize either a stable internet connection or offline dictionary. The goal of our project is to compress a pre-trained NMT model as small as possible while minimizing reduction in translation accuracy. Using a pre-trained Chinese-to-English MarianMT model, Opus-MT, we tested several size reduction techniques and observed their impact on memory size, processing speed
Discovering semantically related technical terms and web resources in Q&A discussions

A sheer number of techniques and web resources are available for software engineering practice and this number continues to grow. Discovering semantically similar or related technical terms and web resources offers the opportunity to design appealing services to facilitate information retrieval and information discovery. In this study, we extract technical terms and web resources from a community of question and answer (Q&A) discussions and propose an approach based on a neural language model to learn the semantic representations of technical terms and web resources in a joint low-dimensional vector space. Our approach maps technical terms and web resources to a semantic vector space based only on the surrounding technical terms and web resources of a technical term (or web resource) in a discussion thread, without the need for mining the text content of the discussion. We apply our approach to Stack Overflow data dump of March 2018. Through both quantitative and qualitative analyses in the clustering, search, and semantic reasoning tasks, we show that the learnt technical-term and web-resource vector representations can capture the semantic relatedness of technical terms and web resources, and they can be exploited to support various search and semantic reasoning tasks, by means of simple K-nearest neighbor search and simple algebraic operations on the learnt vector representations in the embedding space.
Supplementary material for “Meta-Learning Bidirectional Update Rules”

Proceedings of the 38 th International Conference on Machine Learning, PMLR 139, 2021. Copyright 2021 by the author(s). corresponding to a linear system (3) for some Q̂(w∗), we then checked the validity of Eq. (3) for the basis vectors of this null space and 100 other Q̂(w) matrices calculated at different other random statesw. Out of 265 basis vectors1, 4 solved Eq. (3) for all 100 of matrices Q̂, but as we verified later, none of those 4 vectors (or ĝ candidates) were positivedefinite and actually had 0 eigenvalues. This shows that at least in this particular case, our update rules ∆w(w) cannot be represented as a generalized GD as shown in Eq. (1).
Relationship between psychological basic needs satisfaction at school and students’ emotional well-being: the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation

Relationship between psychological basic needs satisfaction at school and students’ emotional well-being: the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation Mahsa Nikkhah, Farideh Yousefi هديكچ :هنيمز یم هسردم رد ار دوخ هنازور تقو رتشیب ناناوجون نیازا . دننارذگ یم لاامتحا سرادم ،ور رب زین و اهنآ یتخانشناور یساسا یاهزاین یاضرا رب دنناوت ژپ . دنشاب هتشاد ریثأت اهزاین یاضرا اب طبترم یاهراتفر شهو شخبرثا اه ی یتخانشناور یساسا یاهزاین یاضرا ءاقترا رب سیزهب ار یت ت دروم دییأ هداد رارق دنا اما م هلئس ا ی ن ا شهوژپ ی ن آ هک تسا ی ا ناجیه یتخانش میظنت یاهدربهار م ی دناوت رد هطبار نیب هسردم رد یتخانشناور یساسا یاهزاین یاضرا و یناجیه یتسیزهب شقن هطساو دنک افیا یا ؟ :فده رضاح شهوژپ زا فده شناد یناجیه یتسیزهب و هسردم رد یتخانشناور یساسا یاهزاین یاضرا نیب هطبار یسررب شقن اب نازومآ هطساو . دوب ناجیه یتخانش میظنت یاهدربهار یرگ :شور نیا عون زا شهوژپ تاعلاطم دوب یگتسبمه . شناد یمامت لماش شهوژپ نیا یرامآ هعماج هرود نازومآ لاس رد زاریش رهش مود هطسوتم یلیصحت 91 0990 دوب . تکرش ناگدننک 010 ( رفن 252 و رتخد 295 شناد )رسپ هنومن شور قیرط زا هک دندوب زومآ یریگ هشوخ یفداصت و دندش باختنا یا شناد یتخانشناور یساسا یاهزاین یاضرا سایقم لیمکت هب ،رنبویه و ناه ،نایت( ناوجون نازومآ 2100 یاهدربهار همانشسرپ ،) خانش میظنت ،جیارک و یکسفنراگ( ناجیه یت 2111 یک( یناجیه یتسیزهب سایقم و ) رایگم و زی ،هئوم 2119 . دنتخادرپ ) هتفاي :اه داد ناشن جیاتن زاین یاضرا هک هب هسردم رد طابترا هب زاین و یگتسیاش هب و تبثم روط نعم ی هب یوریپدوخ هب زاین و راد ینعم و یفنم روط ر ناجیه یتخانش میظنت راد شیپ ا یم ینیب و دننک شیپ ریغتم زین ناجیه یتخانش میظنت یقابطنا یاهدربهار ینعم نیب هطساو شقن نینچمه . دوب یناجیه یتسیزهب راد هطبار رد ناجیه یتخانش میظنت یاهدربهار یرگ شناد یناجیه یتسیزهب و هسردم رد یتخانشناور یساسا یاهزاین یاضرا نیب دروم نازومآ أت رارق دیی فرگ ( ت 15 / 1 > p .) هجيتن :یريگ هتفای ساسا رب شهوژپ یاه یم شناد یتخانشناور یساسا یاهزاین یاضرا تفرگ هجیتن ناوت یاهدربهار زا هدافتسا رد اهنآ تراهم و هسردم رد نازومآ ،ناجیه یتخانش میظنت یقابطنا تابجوم یم مهارف ار اهنآ یناجیه یتسیزهب ءاقترا . دزاس :اهديلك هژاو یتخانشناور یساسا یاهزاین ،ناجیه یتخانش میظنت یاهدربهار ،یناجیه یتسیزهب .
Ecosystems Services of Rivers and their Relation to Flows Chapter 3

Humans have depended upon ecosystems for all their needs, ever since they hunted and gathered food and used the water from the rivers. As they began to grow their food, they took advantage of the natural renewal of soil fertility by the annual spilling over of river waters into the floodplains every year. The physical and biological features of different ecosystems inspired and contributed to cultural and spiritual development. Gradually, humans learnt how to exploit, control and manipulate different ecosystems to their advantage. The impact of human activities and their consequences for humans themselves became apparent long before we gained insights into the organisation and interactions between different constituents and overall functioning of ecosystems at different scales. Attention was drawn to the rapid deterioration of various ecosystems (Marsh 1864), but humans did not realise the threat to themselves, as local communities did not identify themselves as part of a larger global ecosystem.
Visual Exploration of Medical Records

Medical records contain many terms which are difficult to process. Our aim in this study is to allow the visual exploration of the information in medical databases where the texts presents a large number of syntactic variations and abbreviations, through an interface which facilitates content identification, navigation and information retrieval. We propose the use of multi-term tag clouds as content representation tools and as assistants for the browsing and querying tasks. The tag cloud generation is achieved through a novelty mathematical method that allows related terms to remain grouped together within the tags To evaluate this proposal, we have used a database with 24,481 records. 23 expert users in the medical field were tasked to complete a survey to evaluate the generated tag clouds properties and we obtained a precision of 0.990, a recall of 0.870 and a F1score of 0.904 in the evaluation of the tag cloud as an information retrieval tool. The main contribution of this approach is that we automatically generate a visual interface over the text capable of capturing the semantics of the information and facilitating access to medical records.
COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN OF NONLINEAR STRESS-STRAIN OF ISOTROPIC MATERIALS

The article deals with the problems of numerical modeling of nonlinear physical processes of the stressstrain state of structural elements. An elastoplastic medium of a homogeneous solid material is investigated. The results of computational experiments on the study of the process of physically nonlinear deformation of isotropic elements of threedimensional structures with a system of oneand double-periodic spherical cavities under uniaxial compression are presented. The influence and mutual influence of stress concentrators in the form of spherical cavities, vertically located two cavities and a horizontally located system of two cavities on the deformation of the structure are investigated. Numerical algorithms have been developed for solving the problems of physically nonlinear deformation of structures made of structural materials, which make it possible to effectively use the capabilities of computer technology. The optimal parameters of computational experiments on the construction and calculation of structures made of fibrous composite materials using a specialized software package have been determined.
Geomagnetic Activity at Lampedusa Island: Characterization and Comparison with the Other Italian Observatories, Also in Response to Space Weather Events

Regular automatic recordings of the time series of the magnetic field, together with routine manual absolute measurements for establishing dynamic baselines at Lampedusa Island—south of Sicily—Italy (geographic coordinates 35°31′N; 12°32′E, altitude 33 m a.s.l.), show a signature of very low electromagnetic noise. The observatory (provisional IAGA code: LMP) lays inside a restricted and remote wildlife reserve, far away from the built-up and active areas of the island, which at present is the southernmost location of the European territory for such observations. The availability of high-quality data from such site, whose survey started in 2005, is valuable for filling the spatial gap due to the lack of observatories in the whole south Mediterranean and North African sectors. We compare observations at Lampedusa, in both time and frequency domains, with those at the other Italian observatories (Castello Tesino and Duronia-L’Aquila), operating since the 1960s of last century, allowing us to report even the secular variation. Using data recorded in the last few years, we investigate higher frequency variations (from diurnal to Pc3-4 pulsations) in order to magnetically characterize the Italian territory and the local response to external forcing. In particular, we present a characterization in terms of diurnal variation and its seasonal dependence for the three observatories. This latter feature is in good agreement with a geomagnetic Sq-model, leading us to speculate about the position of the north Sq-current system vortex and its seasonal displacement with respect to the geographic positions of the observatories. We also study the geomagnetic individual response to intense space weather events by performing Superposed Epoch Analysis (SEA), with an ad-hoc significance test. Magnetic responses in the Ultra Low Frequency range (ULF) from spectral, local Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) analyses under different local time, and polarization rates are computed. These latter studies lead us to search for possible signatures of magnetic field line resonances during intense space weather events, using cross-phase multi-observatory analysis, revealing the promising detection capability of such technique even at low latitudes. The geomagnetic observatories prove to be important points of observation for space weather events occurring at different spatial and time scales, originating in both upstream and ionospheric regions, here analyzed by several well-established methodologies and techniques. The quiet environmental site of LMP, providing high-quality geomagnetic data, allows us such investigations even at inner Earth’s magnetospheric shell.
High Na+ Salt Diet and Remodeling of Vascular Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Cells

Our knowledge on essential hypertension is vast, and its treatment is well known. Not all hypertensives are salt-sensitive. The available evidence suggests that even normotensive individuals are at high cardiovascular risk and lower survival rate, as blood pressure eventually rises later in life with a high salt diet. In addition, little is known about high sodium (Na+) salt diet-sensitive hypertension. There is no doubt that direct and indirect Na+ transporters, such as the Na/Ca exchanger and the Na/H exchanger, and the Na/K pump could be implicated in the development of high salt-induced hypertension in humans. These mechanisms could be involved following the destruction of the cell membrane glycocalyx and changes in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells membranes’ permeability and osmolarity. Thus, it is vital to determine the membrane and intracellular mechanisms implicated in this type of hypertension and its treatment.
Increase in the folate level can decrease the intensity of disorder in patients with depression who use citalopram: a randomized clinical trial

Background Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders, which affiliated more than four percent of world population. Several antidepressant agents, including citalopram were developed. High dose and long-term treatment with these agents along with their side effects decrease the treatment adherence. Using supplements such as acid folic is a way to increase these drug’s efficacy. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of acid folic supplement and increase in blood folate level of the intensity of depression symptoms.Methods This was a randomized-controlled clinical trial. Twenty-four patients with major depression were randomly assigned to two groups. Both groups received citalopram as their standard treatment. The intervention group received acid folic supplement (1mg/daily). The folate levels of blood, Beck's depression inventory and Hamilton depression scale scores were measured. The measurements were conducted before intervention, and in 45 and 90 days follow ups. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U and Friedman tests.Results The blood level of folate was increased for the intervention group. The Hamilton depression scale and Beck Depression Inventory Scores were reduced significantly in both groups after 90 days follow up. There were no significant differences between two groups in the reduction of depression scores. In the intervention group, the decrease of Hamilton's depression scale score was negatively correlated to the increase of blood folate level.Conclusions The increase in blood folate level may be correlate with the decrease in depression symptoms. The use of 1mg/d supplement of acid folic was not effective in the reduction of depression symptoms in patients with major depression.Registered in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20180115038373N1)
Investigation of Service Distortion in China's New Cooperative Medical Scheme

The Chinese government implemented a nationwide health insurance program called the New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS). The literature has found that this program failed to provide sufficient financial protection. One possible reason is that some insurers undercover the health services that involve significant medical expenses. This study aims to understand the degree of distortion in the NCMS benefit plan and inform program modification to improve the effectiveness. We evaluate the service-level coverage of NCMS through quantifying each service’s shadow price. Based on China Health and Nutrition Survey data, we divide the whole sample into four geographical regions and assess each region’s population health status, distribution of health spending, and shadow prices of different health services. To inform NCMS benefit modification, we investigate the distortion under different risk-adjusted premiums empirically. Our results reveal challenges of financial sustainability faced by the NCMS program, especially in the Northeast region. The NCMS plan tends to undercover the services that are predictable and negatively correlated with plan profits, such as inpatient treatments. We also find that the efficiency of the NCMS can be improved if its risk premiums are adjusted based on individual demographic characteristics and disease history.
Using forearm sEMG to control individual fingers of a robotic hand

With the improvement in Machine Learning and in signal processing techniques, the EMG signals’ relevance has progressively incremented in man-machine interaction. Hand prostheses with multiple degrees of freedom using sEMG for control have come up in the market in the last few years. Our project’s focus was on a regression from sEMG recorded by a 64-channels acquisition array to predict the finger angles of six joints of the hand. Regression was made through a standard RBF-kernel-based Support Vector Machine and MultiLayer Perceptron on manually extracted features and with more complex deep learning algorithms such as 3D Circular Convolutional Neural Networks. These are not reliant on feature extraction but achieved results comparable to the best ”traditional” model.
Personalized Federated Image classiﬁcation using Weight Erosion

—Our goal in this project is to adapt Weight Erosion, an update aggregation scheme for personalized collaborative machine learning, to a neural network. Weight Erosion aggregates the data among different agents while ensuring privacy concerns - this scheme was developed for a medical concern, to create a performing machine learning model for infectious diseases such as Ebola. We then benchmark the WE scheme against two other common baselines for image classiﬁcation on the MNIST dataset. We observe that WE outperforms both federated average and local training when the number of agents is quite high, thus when the number of samples per agents is quite low.
Potential new tracers and their relative emission factors for burning household waste in stoves

Abstract. The production and use of plastics increases rapidly as they are widely used in packaging, construction materials, furniture, foils, etc. As a consequence of their widespread use and often disposable character, vast streams of plastic wastes are continuously generated, a considerable fraction of which are combusted in households worldwide. In this paper, various types of commonly used plastics (PE, PET, PP, PU, PVC, PS, ABS), as well as treated wood samples (LDF) and firewood were combusted separately in a test stove under controlled conditions. The particulates emitted during the combustion test were collected on filters, and potential tracers for each waste type were identified by GC-MS, and their relative abundances were determined. The emission factor of 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene was found to be higher for polymers containing aromatic rings in their structure. The application of terphenyls and quarterphenyls as tracer compounds has also been investigated. The trimer of styrene was found to be a potential tracer for the combustion of polystyrene and/or styrene containing copolymers. Novel tracers were proposed for the burning of PET and furniture plates (LDF), which are among the most widely used waste types burned in households.