Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Making up the results: the work of the football pools panel, 1963-1997

Since 1963, a panel of experts has determined for gambling purposes the results of soccer matches in Britain which were included in the football pools weekly game but which could not be played because of adverse weather. The paper models its behaviour and highlights differences between the factors which appear to influence the panel's predictions and those that matter to the outcomes of real games. Panel results are more predictable than real results and the paper offers a specific recommendation to the Pools Panel to render its judgments less predictable. The panel also appears to overemphasize the importance of the recent away form of the away team. An explanation for this systematic difference in the statistical estimates of Pools Panel and actual results is found in the home advantage literature in sports statistics.
Fluid dynamic analysis of flow in orbiting dishes and the effects of flow on shear stress and endothelial cellular responses

FLUID DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF FLOW IN ORBITING DISHES AND THE EFFECTS OF FLOW ON SHEAR STRESS AND ENDOTHELIAL CELLULAR RESPONSES Amlan Chakraborty March 28,2011 This work presents a novel comprehensive effort to understand the fluid dynamics within orbiting dishes and the effects of the resulting oscillating fluid flow on shear and endothelial cellular responses within the dishes. It is well documented that hemodynamic parameters, especially wall shear stress (WSS), have been shown to play important roles in altering various endothelial cellular responses, intracellular pathways and gene expreSSIOn, and to have significant impacts on disease progression, such as atherosclerotic plaque development. In practice, wall shear stress (WSS) is oscillatory rather than steady due to the travelling waveform and varies across the surface of the dish at any instant in time. The first part of this effort presents a computational model which provides complete spatial and temporal resolution of oscillatory WSS over the bottom surface of an orbiting Petri dish throughout the orbital cycle. The model was reasonably well validated by the analytical solution and the results were compared to the tangential WSS magnitudes obtained using one-dimensional optical velocimetry at discreet locations on the bottom of an orbiting dish.
Applied aspects of mechanical design, behavior, and performance of pectoral fin swimming in fishes

Many fishes use the pectoral fins to generate thrust across a broad range of speeds and to perform complex maneuvers. Analysis of the biomechanics of labriform locomotion provides several kinds of data that can be applied to the design of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), including morphology, kinematics, and swimming performance. Data are presented here on pectoral fin locomotion in Gomphosus varius, a labrid fish that uses the pectoral fins at speeds of 1-8 total body lengths per second. First, the swimming performance of labrid fishes is assessed, including measures of critical swimming speed. Swimming performance of aquatic flyers is comparable or greater than performance of undulatory swimmers, suggesting that fin-based propulsion in AUVs may provide appropriate thrust as well as maneuvering capability. Second, the morphological structure of the fin suggests engineering features of flapping wings for aquatic propulsion that could be incorporated into AUV propulsors. A biomechanical model of the pectoral fin is proposed in which fin morphometrics and computer simulations allow predictions of fin kinematics in three dimensions. Third, three-dimensional kinematic data for the pectoral fins of G. varius are presented. Using video at 60Hz, we reconstructed the 3D motion of the center of mass, the fin tip, and two fin chords. We computed hydrodynamic parameters (Reynolds number, Strouhal number, and reduced frequency parameter) to define the hydrodynamic regime. Fin-beat frequency, stride length, stroke plane angle, stroke angle, and stroke area were also calculated. We measured the velocity and acceleration of the fish’s center of mass in anteroposterior and dorsoventral directions, velocity and acceleration of the fin tip, leading edge, and trailing edge, morphological and hydrodynamic angles of attack at both fin chords, and the phase lag in positional angle between leading and trailing edges. This allowed us to construct a hydrodynamic hypothesis of the fin beat. At slow speeds, thrust and upward forces occur during both abduction and adduction while at higher speeds thrust is associated with downward forces during adduction. The reduced frequency suggests that unsteady effects are important in G. varius aquatic flight, especially at low speeds. Detailed kinematic data such as these are critical for AUV designs that attempt to mimic behaviors that have been optimized in fishes.
Vehicle Dynamics Model for Estimating Typical Vehicle Accelerations

Developing mathematical models for accurate estimation of the longitudinal acceleration behavior of drivers and vehicles is an important challenge in traffic engineering. The modeling of vehicle acceleration is complex because of its dependence on vehicle type and human driving behavior. Existing acceleration dynamics models have tied typical acceleration (the maximum acceleration that drivers would use in a free-flow condition) to maximum acceleration models that are descriptive of the maximum acceleration capability of the vehicle. Although this approach generally results in a better fitting of field data that are understandable and predictable, the proposed models do not take into account differing driving behaviors. The research presented in this paper develops a model that overcomes this limitation by explicitly incorporating driver behavior in the mathematical expression of a dynamics-based acceleration model. The proposed model has a flexible shape that allows it to incorporate driver variations. Furthermore, the model is demonstrated to be superior to similar models because it predicts more accurate acceleration levels in all domains.
Design of non-linear model predictive control for temperature stabilization of a parabolic trough solar-thermal power plant

At the present time, Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) has already found its application to parabolic trough solar-thermal power plants, based on oil as a heat transfer fluid. Besides that, certain commercially successful configurations of such systems, making use of water-steam separators in the solar field, with water as a heat transfer fluid already exist. Nevertheless, there still remains a significant direction for further improvement and price reduction of this renewable energy technology. One promising option are plants with the so-called once-through mode and water as a heat transfer fluid. Such technical config-uration would afford to achieve a higher efficiency in comparison to the oil-based parabol-ic troughs plants, while considerably reducing the necessary investments in comparison to the plants making use of additional water-steam separators. However, the once-through-based parabolic trough plants are challenging to control. This master thesis is focused on the design of an NMPC for the stabilization of the outlet temperature of a parabolic trough solar power plant. Furthermore, the concern of observer design, as of an obligatory prerequisite for an NMPC algorithm, is addressed. In the framework of the present master thesis an observability analysis of the given system is performed and a few most commonly used state estimation techniques are examined. As a result, some of them get discarded and eventually particle filter is chosen, since it is more appropriate for nonlinear state estimation than the Kalman-filter-based methods, like extended Kalman filter or unscented Kalman filter. After the subsequent development of the NMPC algorithm, its performance is compared to a control scheme based on proportional-integral controllers. Based on results of that comparison, conclusion are drawn and suggestions for future research are given.
A Diploma in Professional Development

The Brunel Diploma in Professional Development was introduced to assess learning in the workplace during `sandwich course placement'. This paper reports the outcomes of two pilots of the Diploma, run within the Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Brunel University. Student induction was essential to the effective running of the pilots and an overview is given of a study commentary that supported a six-hour induction course. The paper identifies effective assessment procedures for learning in the workplace.
Developing a person guidance module for hospital robots

This dissertation describes the design and implementation of the Person Guidance Module (PGM) that enables the IWARD (Intelligent Robot Swarm for attendance, Recognition, Cleaning and delivery) base robot to offer route guidance service to the patients or visitors inside the hospital arena. One of the common problems encountered in huge hospital buildings today is foreigners not being able to find their way around in the hospital. Although there are a variety of guide robots currently existing on the market and offering a wide range of guidance and related activities, they do not fit into the modular concept of the IWARD project. The PGM features a robust and foolproof non-hierarchical sensor fusion approach of an active RFID, stereovision and cricket mote sensor for guiding a patient to the X-ray room, or a visitor to a patient’s ward in every possible scenario in a complex, dynamic and crowded hospital environment. Moreover, the speed of the robot can be adjusted automatically according to the pace of the follower for physical comfort using this system. Furthermore, the module performs these tasks in any unconstructed environment solely from a robot’s onboard perceptual resources in order to limit the hardware installation costs and therefore the indoor setting support. Similar comprehensive solution in one single platform has remained elusive in existing literature. The finished module can be connected to any IWARD base robot using quick-change mechanical connections and standard electrical connections. The PGM module box is equipped with a Gumstix embedded computer for all module computing which is powered up automatically once the module box is inserted into the robot. In line with the general software architecture of the IWARD project, all software modules are developed as Orca2 components and cross-complied for Gumstix’s XScale processor. To support standardized communication between different software components, Internet Communications Engine (Ice) has been used as middleware. Additionally, plug-and-play capabilities have been developed and incorporated so that swarm system is aware at all times of which robot is equipped with PGM. Finally, in several field trials in hospital environments, the person guidance module has shown its suitability for a challenging real-world application as well as the necessary user acceptance.
Systolic Array Implementation of the Fourier Transform

Author(s): Hoseit, Christopher | Advisor(s): Renau, Jose | Abstract: Christopher P. HoseitSystolic Array Implementation of the Fourier TransformAbstractAdaptive optics is a relatively new technology originally designed to eliminate negative effects of the atmosphere on telescopic images. This technology allows ground based telescopes to achieve resolutions comparable to the Hubble space telescope. Adaptive optics is the "cheaper" solution to capturing better images than sending telescopes into space. Ground based telescopes can be built with larger mirrors providing more light collecting area and ultimately better pictures. Telescopes on the ground can also be more easily maintained and upgraded than telescopes in space. Using a combination of innovative technology such as Laser Guide stars and deformable mirrors, (MEMs) devices, along with significant software and hardware engineering to implement algorithms allow adaptive optics to improve imaging with telescopes.This thesis work implements a subset of the hardware system required for the systolic array tomography algorithm on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Previous technology analysis has concluded that a FPGA platform is suitable for implementing the tomography algorithm. The algorithm will be verified through simulation and comparing results with values generated in a Microsoft Excel script. The tomography engine is a subset of the real time control system described in [1]. Future work will involve implementing the full scale of the algorithm on all of the required hardware.viiiThis thesis presents: 1) the scalable design of the Fourier transform, 2) implementation results and simulation verification.
Dynamic Detection of Malicious Code in COTS Software

Abstract : COTS components are very attractive because they can substantially reduce development time and cost, but they pose significant security risks (e.g. backdoors, Trojan horses, time bombs, etc.). These types of attack are not detected by standard virus detection utilities, which are essentially the only commercially available tools that work directly on binaries. This paper presents a dynamic approach that intends to address this problem. The complexity of a real time-bomb and hopefully of all types of malicious actions- is presents. This is the first step toward a fully automated tool to detect malicious actions in all their forms. The method, which monitors processor instructions directly is currently intended specifically Windows NT running on an Intel processor. It could easily be extended to other platforms. This paper also discusses the possibility of using dynamic analysis techniques to overcome the inadequacy of the static methods. Finally, a brief survey is presented of commercial tools that attempt to address this issue, considering where these products are today and what is needed to obtain a credible sense of security, as opposed to the often false sense offered by some commercial tools.
Predição de sepse em unidade de terapia intensiva: uma abordagem de aprendizado de máquina

A sepse e uma disfunção orgânica com risco de vida e uma das principais causas de mortalidade em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI). O diagnóstico precoce da sepse é fundamental, considerando que a pronta intervenção médica melhora o desfecho do paciente. O início do protocolo de tratamento de sepse no tempo certo reduz a mortalidade. Nosso objetivo é prever a sepse seis horas antes do desenvolvimento dos sintomas que levariam a um diagnóstico clínico de acordo com as diretrizes da Sepsis-3.
Energy learning curves of PV systems

The energy demand of photovoltaic (PV) systems is an important part of energy sustainability of PV systems. PV systems are considered sustainable energy systems when the produced energy is higher than the energy needed for the PV system on a life‐cycle basis. This paper employs financial learning curve concepts to determine the energy demand of major PV module technologies and systems. General PV module and PV system energy learning curves are calculated by weighting energy demand of different PV systems according to their share in PV market. Additionally, the contribution of module efficiency for reducing specific energy demand is considered. We find an energy learning rate of 17% for PV modules and 14% for PV systems on the basis of a market weighted mix of technologies and volumes. Energy payback time (EPBT) and energy return on energy investment (EROI) in 2010 and for the year 2020 are calculated via the energy learning rate and indicates a further significant progress in energetic productivity of PV systems. To the knowledge of the authors this publication shows for the first time that the energy consumption in PV manufacturing follows the log‐linear learning curve law similar to the evolution of production cost. This allows calculating EPBT or EROI for future prognoses. Furthermore, it shows significant evidence of how sustainable PV systems are and justifies their growing share in the energy market. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 35: 914–923, 2016
Speed Management: A Manual for Local Rural Road Owners

In 2010, 35 percent of the 30,196 fatal crashes on U.S. roadways occurred on local rural roads, with nearly one-third (3,427) of these involving speeding. This document is intended to provide local road practitioners with information on how to address speeding-related crashes through the implementation of a comprehensive Speed Management Program. An effective program addresses all factors that influence speeding through engineering, enforcement, education, and emergency services—known as the four E’s of safety.
Manufacturing process innovation initiatives at Japanese manufacturing companies

In the business environment characterized by the severe global competition and the fast-paced changes, production functions of manufacturing companies must have a capacity of undertaking not only incremental improvement, Kaizen, but also large-scale improvement that is of a radial and innovative nature here called “Kaikaku” (Kaikaku is a Japanese word meaning change or reformation). Moreover, production functions especially those located in high-wage countries must be proficient in radical innovation in production to maintain their competitive advantages. They must to be capable of creating new knowledge and constantly developing and implementing radically new production technologies, processes, and equipment which make their production systems more “unique”. Here, a unique production system means a production system that is valuable for the company’s competition, rare in the industry, difficult for competitors to imitate, and difficult for them to substitute.Kaikaku is not a new phenomenon in the industry, and much research has been done on how to manage large-scale changes in Kaikaku. However, the previous research has rarely focused on the relation of Kaikaku and creating unique production systems. Kaikaku can be an effective means to create such systems. The objective of the research presented in the doctoral thesis is to propose how to plan and implement Kaikaku so that it contributes to creating unique production systems. To fulfil the objective, five empirical studies were conducted. In the empirical studies, data were collected through literature review, interviews, participant-observation, and action research. Japanese and Swedish manufacturing companies were studied.General conclusions of the research are summarized as follows. In order to achieve Kaikaku so that it contributes to realizing unique production systems, the intent and commitment to realize such systems must be present at the strategic level of the organization. Organization structures and resources need to be prepared to support the mentioned kind of Kaikaku. A process of Kaikaku can be a less linear and systematic but more cyclic and emergent process which can be seen as a series of unfolding smaller improvement or development projects that are undertaken during Kaikaku to achieve overall objectives. In each projects exploration and organizational learning are facilitated. The research has also found a specific direction of how to develop a production system in order to make the system more unique. Finally, in the research, a design method that is helpful to create unique production lines, cells, and equipment has been found and studied
Universally Unique Identifier

A 128 bit identifier. Depending on the mechanism used to generate it, it is either guaranteed to be different from all other UUIDs/GUIDs generated until 3400 AD or extremely likely to be different. Its relatively small size lends itself well to sorting, ordering, and hashing of all sorts, storing in databases, simple allocation, and ease of programming in general. Qeios · Definition, February 7, 2020
Seeing Is Believing? How Including a Video in Fake News Influences Users’ Reporting the Fake News to Social Media Platforms

Social media platforms, such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter, are combating the spread of fakennews by developing systems that allow their users to report fake news. However, it remains unclear whether these reporting systems that harness the “wisdom of the crowd” are effective. Notably, concerns have been raised that the popularity of videos may hamper users’ reporting of fake news. The persuasive power of videos may render fake news more deceptive and less likely to be reported in practice. However, this is neither theoretically nor empirically straightforward, as videos not only affect users’ ability to detect fake news, but also impact their willingness to report and their engagement (i.e., likes, shares, and comments) which would further spread fake news. Using a unique dataset from a leading social media platform, we empirically examine how including a video in a fake news post affects the number of users reporting the post to the platform. Our results indicate that including a video significantly increases the number of users reporting the fake news post to the social media platform. Additionally, we find that the sentiment intensity of the fake news text content, especially when the sentiment is positive, attenuates the effect of including a video. Randomized experiments and a set of mediation analyses are included to uncover the underlying mechanisms. We contribute to the information systems literature by examining how social media platforms can leverage their users to report fake news, and how different formats (e.g., videos and text) of fake news interact to influence users’ reporting behavior. Social media platforms that seek to leverage the “wisdom of the crowd” to combat the proliferation of fake news should consider both the popularity of videos and the role of text sentiment in fake news to adjust their strategies.
RF MEMS: Theory, Design and Technology

From the Publisher: Practical and theoretical coverage of RF MEMS for circuits and devices New RF and microwave frequency MEMS (microeletromechanical systems) have potentially enormous and widespread applications in the telecommunications industry. Components based on this technologysuch as switches, varactors, and phase shiftersexhibit virtually no power consumption or loss, making them ideally suited for use in modern telecommunications and wireless devices. This book sets out the basics of RF MEMS and describes how to design practical devices and circuits. As well as covering fundamentals, Gabriel Rebeiz offers expert tips for designers and presents a range of real-world applications. Throughout, the author utilizes actual engineering examples to illustrate basic principles in theory and practice. Detailed discussion of cutting-edge fabrication and packaging techniques is provided. Suitable as a tutorial for electrical and computer engineering students, or as an up-to-date reference for practicing circuit designers, RF MEMS provides the most comprehensive available survey of this new and important technology. Author Biography: Gabriel M. Rebeiz received his PhD from the California Institute of Technology, and is Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. In 1991 he was the recipient of the National Science Foundation Presidential Young Investigator Award, and in 2000 was the corecipient of the IEEE Microwave Prize. A Fellow of the IEEE and a consultant to Rockwell, Samsung, Intel, Standard MEMS, and Agilent, he has published extensively in the field of microwave technology and in the area of RF MEMS.