Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generalized Linear Model Diagnostics Using the Deviance and Single Case Deletions

SUMMARY This paper exploits the one step approximation, derived by Pregibon (1981), for the changes in the deviance of a generalized linear model when a single case is deleted from the data. This approximation suggests a particular set of residuals which can be used, not only to identify outliers and examine distributional assumptions, but also to calculate measures of the influence of single cases on various inferences that can be drawn from the fitted model using likelihood ratio statistics. Regression diagnostics for the Normal linear model are now well established in the literature. They are comprehensively surveyed by Cook and Weisberg (1982). Many of these diagnostics use statistics which measure the effects of deleting single cases from the data. These statistics exploit the exact algebraic relationship between the least squares fit of the linear model to a complete set of n cases, and the fit to the n - 1 cases remaining after the deletion of a single case. The maximum likelihood (ML) estimation of most generalized linear models (GLMs) requires iterative methods. The ML estimates from n - 1 cases cannot then be obtained as explicit functions of the results of the fit to all n cases. In an important paper Pregibon (1981) derives useful one step approximations for the changes in the ML estimate and the deviance of the model when a single case is deleted, and he discusses some diagnostic methods which use these approximations. Cook and Weisberg (1982) discuss GLM diagnostics briefly in Section 5.4 and they make use of Pregibon's results. McCullagh and Nelder (1983) discuss diagnostics in their chapter on model checking (chapter 11) but Pregibon's approximations are not mentioned. In this paper I describe some GLM diagnostics which all make use of Pregibon's one step approximations for the change in the components of the deviance when a single case is deleted. Section 2 establishes the notation of the paper, Section 3 states the one step approximations, and Section 4 shows how these approximations can be used to define residuals and to measure the influence of individual cases on different aspects of the fitted model. Throughout these three sections the computations will be exemplified using quantal assay data taken from Table V of Irwin (1937). These data were chosen for two reasons. Firstly they have been reanalysed by Copenhaver and Mielke (1977) and Morgan (1985) and they are known to contain some features of interest. Secondly, as they comprise only five cases, a variety of single case diagnostics can be completely tabulated and compared without taking up much space. These data are
Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Heifer and Cow Fertility Traits Derived from On-Farm AI Service Records of South African Holstein Cattle

Simple Summary Female fertility has gained significant attention and is incorporated in dairy cattle breeding objectives worldwide. Currently, age at first calving (AFC) and calving interval (CI) are the only traits used as indicators of fertility in the genetic evaluations of South African dairy cattle, but these traits are greatly affected by the breeder’s decisions and calving interval is available late in an animal’s life which delays selection decisions. This study investigated the possible use of additional fertility traits derived from artificial insemination records. The fertility traits examined in this study could be used in addition to age at first calving and calving interval to select for improved fertility in dairy cattle. Abstract This study aimed to derive additional fertility traits from service data and estimate their genetic parameters for their possible inclusion in the South African Holstein cattle breeding programs. Service records (n = 64,464) were collected from 18 South African Holstein herds using on-farm automated milk recording systems. Using a multivariate model, the data were used to estimate heritabilities and correlations among several fertility traits. The pedigree data consisted of information on 18,592 animals born between 1981 and 2013. Heritability estimates observed were low to moderate (0.02 ± 0.00 to 0.24 ± 0.00), indicating that there is some genetic basis for the explored fertility traits to warrant selection. The genetic correlations observed between fertility traits were generally favorable, with some high correlations between age at first service (AFS) and services per conception for heifers (SPCh) (0.73 ± 0.00) and between days from calving to first service (CFS) and services per conception for cows (SPC) (0.90 ± 0.01). Positive genetic correlations indicate that improvement in one trait is coupled with a correlated genetic increase in another trait. The studied fertility traits could be used in addition to AFC and CI to serve as a basis for the selection of reproduction in dairy cattle to minimize selection bias.
50 years in industrial engineering : Prof Kris Adendorff : commemoration

Kristian Adendorff was born on 21 April 1931 in Pietermaritzburg. He obtained a BSc in Electrical Engineering at the University of the Witwatersrand in 1953 and MBA and DBA degrees at the University of Pretoria in 1961 and 1969 respectively.
Tratamento de Requisitos de Confiabilidade de Sistemas-de-Sistemas: Um Mapeamento Sistemático da Literatura

Sistemas-de-Sistemas (SoS) é um agrupamento de sistemas de software de diversas organizações que formam alianças de organizações. Esses sistemas trabalham em conjunto para alcançar objetivos de negócio mais complexos, não obtidos por um único sistema de software. Devido às características do SoS, seus requisitos mudam ao longo do tempo, trazendo desafios para a Engenharia de Requisitos. O objetivo deste artigo é descobrir como os requisitos de confiabilidade são tratados durante o ciclo de vida do SoS. Evidenciou-se que esse tipo de requisito está sendo geralmente considerado em fase posterior à fase de requisitos e que há carência de técnicas para tratá-los de maneira apropriada.
A Transmissive Theory of Brain Function: Implications for Health, Disease, and Consciousness

Identifying a complete, accurate model of brain function would allow neuroscientists and clinicians to make powerful neuropsychological predictions and diagnoses as well as develop more effective treatments to mitigate or reverse neuropathology. The productive model of brain function, which has been dominant in the field for centuries, cannot easily accommodate some higher-order neural processes associated with consciousness and other neuropsychological phenomena. However, in recent years, it has become increasingly evident that the brain is highly receptive to and readily emits electromagnetic (EM) fields and light. Indeed, brain tissues can generate endogenous, complex EM fields and ultraweak photon emissions (UPEs) within the visible and near-visible EM spectra. EM-based neural mechanisms, such as ephaptic coupling and non-visual optical brain signaling, expand canonical neural signaling modalities and are beginning to disrupt conventional models of brain function. Here, we present an evidence-based argument for the existence of brain processes that are caused by the transmission of extracerebral, EM signals and recommend experimental strategies with which to test the hypothesis. We argue for a synthesis of productive and transmissive models of brain function and discuss implications for the study of consciousness, brain health, and disease.
Degenerate Gases Under Harmonic Confinement in One Dimension

Developments in the realization and study of ultracold atomic gases inside elongated magnetic traps and atom waveguides have stimulated calculations of equilibrium properties and excitation spectra for mesoscopic clouds of hard-core bosons and of spin-polarized fermions moving under an external harmonic potential in one dimension. A rigorous correspondence exists between the wave functions of these two types of system, allowing a number of exact results to be obtained. The main theoretical techniques and results are reviewed in this article, with emphasis on their relevance in regard to tests of the Thomas–Fermi approximation for confined Fermi fluids and to the foundations of density functional theory for inhomogeneous quantum systems.
A Gradient-T SZE

The inverse Compton scattering of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation with electrons in the intracluster medium which has a temperature gradient, was examined by the third-order perturbation theory of the Compton scattering. A new type of the spectrum distortion of the CMB was found and named as gradient T Sunyaev-Zel`dovich effect (gradT SZE). The spectrum has an universal shape. There is a zero distortion point, the cross over frequency, at 326GHz. When the hotter region locates closer to an observer, the intensity becomes brighter than the CMB in the frequency region lower than the cross over frequency and fainter than the CMB in the frequency region higher than the cross over frequency. When the cooler region locates closer to an observer, the distorted part of the spectrum has an opposite sign to the above case. The amplitude of the spectrum distortion does not de-pend on the electron density and depends on the heat conductivity and the total temperature variation along a line of sight. Therefore, the gradT SZE provides an unique opportunity to measure thermally nonequilibrium electron momentum distribution function in the ICM and combined with the X-ray measurements of the electron temperature distribution provides an opportunity of direct measurement of the heat conductivity in the ICM.
Influence of Initial Severity of Depression on the Effectiveness of a Multimodal Therapy on Depressive Score, Heart Rate Variability, and Hemodynamic Parameters

Depression is a major cause of disability among populations worldwide. Apart from primary symptoms, depressed patients often have a higher cardiovascular risk profile. Multimodal therapy concepts, including exercise, have emerged as promising approaches that not only improve depressive symptoms but also have a positive impact on cardiovascular risk profile. However, controversies have arisen concerning the influence of baseline severity on the effects of therapy concepts for this demographic. This study assessed whether pretreatment severity moderates psychological and physiological treatment outcomes of a multimodal therapy. A total of 16 patients diagnosed with mild depression (MD) and 14 patients diagnosed with severe depression (SD) took part in a 3-month outpatient multimodal treatment therapy. Before and after the treatment, depression score (Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)), peripheral systolic (pSBP) and diastolic (pDBP) blood pressure, central systolic (cSBP) and diastolic (cDBP) blood pressure, pulse wave velocity (PWV), heart rate (HR), and parasympathetic parameters of heart rate variability (RMSSD) were assessed. Significant time effects were detected for BDI (−20.0 ± 11.6, p > 0.001, η2 = 0.871), pSBP (−4.7 ± 6.8 mmHg, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.322), pDBP (−3.5 ± 6.9 mmHg, p = 0.01, η2 = 0.209), cSBP (−4.8 ± 6.5 mmHg, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.355), cDBP (−3.6 ± 6.8 mmHg, p = 0.008, η2 = 0.226), PWV (−0.13 ± 0.23 m/s, p = 0.008, η2 = 0.229), HR (4.3 ± 8.8 min−1, p = 0.015, η2 = 0.193), RMSSD (−12.2 ± 23.9 ms, p = 0.017, η2 = 0.251), and and SDNN (10.5 ± 17.8 ms, p = 0.005, η2 = 0.330). Significant time × group interaction could be revealed for BDI (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.543), with patients suffering from SD showing stronger reductions. Pretreatment severity of depression has an impact on the effectiveness of a multimodal therapy regarding psychological but not physiological outcomes.
Wide area condition monitoring of power electric drives in wind power generation system using radiated electromagnetic fields

Electric components in numerous applications (particularly wind generation) are not straightforwardly accessible for monitoring. Therefore, the monitoring and protection through voltage/current measurement may not be dependable since the current value passes numerous segments to reach the observing element. Accordingly, finding an unusual phenomenon of a specific element is difficult. To resolve this issue, using transmitted electromagnetic field of an element for wide area condition monitoring is proposed. It is planned to diagnose and locate short-circuit in induction generator drive such as interturn, intercoil and terminal-to-turn failures. The frequency characteristics of the propagated field is then utilized for finding the short-circuit. The theoretical foundation that relate the behavior of each elements to their frequency response is analyzed and used. To utilize the derived technique for different practical circumstances, two distinctive methods are used for locating the short-circuit. As the experimental test of major fault cases could destruct the winding, the full three-dimensional finite element analysis is used in these cases and some are verified experimentally through the wide area communication. Identifying the areas of partial faults Prevents the whole winding failure prior to a massive destruction, which is costly especially for cases in inaccessible situations such as offshore wind towers.
High-Temperature Spin Crossover in Iron(II) Complexes with 2,6-Bis(1H-imidazol-2-yl)pyridine

Novel iron(II) coordination compounds containing a ligand 2,6-bis(1H-imidazol-2-yl)pyridine (L), having such a composition as [FeL2]SO4·0.5H2O, [FeL2]Br2·H2O, [FeL2](ReO4)2, [FeL2]B10H10∙H2O, [FeL2]B12H12∙1.5H2O had been synthesized and studied using UV-Vis (diffuse reflectance), infrared, extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), and Mössbauer spectroscopy methods, as well as X-ray diffraction and static magnetic susceptibility methods. The analysis of the μeff(T) dependence in the temperature range of 80–600 K have shown that all the obtained complexes exhibit a high-temperature spin crossover 1A1 ↔ 5T2.
Mapping ultrahigh energy cosmic rays deflections through the turbulent galactic magnetic field with the latest rotation measure data

We study the influence of the random part of the Galactic magnetic field on the propagation of ultra high-energy cosmic rays. Within very mild approximations about the properties of the electron density fluctuations in the Galaxy we are able to derive a clear and direct relation between the observed variance of rotation measures and the predicted cosmic ray deflections. Remarkably, this is obtained bypassing entirely the detailed knowledge of the magnetic properties of the turbulent plasma. Depending on the parameters of the electron density spectrum, we can either directly estimate the expected deflection, or constrain it from above. Thanks to the latest observational data on rotation measures, we build a direction-dependent map of such deflections. We find that over most of the sky the random deflections of 40 EeV protons do not exceed 1 to 2 degrees, and can be as large as 5 degrees close to the Galactic plane.
Practically Predefined-Time Adaptive Fuzzy Quantized Control for Nonlinear Stochastic Systems With Actuator Dead Zone

This article focuses on the practically predefined-time adaptive fuzzy quantized control for nonlinear stochastic systems with actuator dead zone. Fuzzy logic systems are employed to approximate uncertain nonlinear functions. A novel stochastic predefined-time control scheme is proposed, which can help reduce the control parameters and increase the robustness of the closed-loop system. Taking the quantization and dead zone in the control link into account, the adaptive parameters and a part of the control are used to estimate and compensate the nonlinear disturbance, respectively. In addition, under reasonable assumptions, the complexity of the Lyapunov function compared with conventional stochastic adaptive control is reduced. Based on the stochastic predefined-time stabilization theory, an adaptive fuzzy controller is designed to make the upper bound of the expected settling time arbitrarily configured. Finally, two examples show the effectiveness of the main results.
The Impact of Tax Reduction and Fee Reduction Based on Big Data Algorithm on the High-Quality Development of the Real Economy under the Action of Coupling Effect or Substitution Effect

The basic idea of the mass of medical growth is to adhere to local market price thinking with a Chinese touch and follow the development policy of “quality first, efficiency first. ” It insists on properly handling a series of important relationships betwixt socialism and market economy, the first to drive the rich later, the government and the market, equality and efficiency, short-term growth and long-term development, China and the international economy, ecology and growth of the region. Under the guidance of the qualitative thinking theory, it combines the strategic goals of China's economic qualitative development and actively draws on the research results of other countries. It uses big data algorithms to focus on the impact of qualitative development on tax and income reduction in the real economy. It conducts research experiments on the impact of tax reduction and fee reduction based on big data algorithms on the top-notch growth of the real economy. Its experimental data show that: in 2018, the share of primary, tertiary, and primary sector in China's dimensional economy top-notch growth coordination index was 7.2%, 40.7%, and 52.2%, respectively. Its contribution rate to economic growth was 4.2%, 36.1%, and 59.7%, respectively. From these data, it can be concluded that the top-notch growth of the real economy is getting better and better under the influence of tax reduction and fee reduction by big data algorithms.
Are Fear of COVID-19 and Vaccine Hesitancy Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake? A Population-Based Online Survey in Nigeria

This study examined the association between COVID-19 and fear of contracting COVID-19 and reasons for vaccination refusal. A population-based online survey was conducted via social media in Nigeria using the Fear of COVID-19 scale and items related to vaccination refusal/hesitancy items. Individuals aged 13 years and older were invited to participate. Data were analysed using binary logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) at a p-value of less than 0.05. The study enrolled 577 individuals with a mean age of 31.86 years, 70% of whom were male and 27.7% of whom had received at least one dose of the vaccine against COVID-19. None of the variables on the Fear of COVID-19 scale significantly predicted vaccine uptake in multivariate analysis. However, individuals who were fearful of COVID-19 were more likely to be vaccinated in bivariate analysis (OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.06–2.63). The most significant factors among the vaccination refusal items associated with COVID-19 vaccination were doubts about vaccination (adjusted OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.57–4.17) and misconceptions about vaccine safety/efficacy (adjusted OR: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.24–3.71). These results suggest that uptake of the vaccine against COVID-19 in Nigeria can be predicted by factors associated with vaccination refusal, but not by fear of COVID-19. To contain the pandemic COVID-19 in Nigeria, efforts should be made to educate people about the efficacy of the vaccine and to increase their confidence in vaccination.
REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA SOBRE LETRAMENTO DIGITAL E FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES NO PERÍODO 2001 A 2020

RESUMO: A proposta deste projeto parte de preocupações a respeito de desafios enfrentados por professores no uso das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC) na sala de aula e sua apropriação nas suas práticas pedagógicas. Conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes sobre o uso pedagógico das TDIC têm sido investigados por pesquisadores nas áreas de linguagem, educação e tecnologia, encapsuladas dentro do conceito de letramento digital. Este trabalho tem como objetivo buscar o que existe em publicações nacionais e internacionais sobre letramento digital. Mais especificamente, há o intuito de ampliar e aprofundar o conhecimento sobre letramento digital, visando conhecer o que está sendo investigado sobre os desafios do letramento digital para alunos e professores em serviço ou em formação, e ainda, conhecer experiências de atividades com alunos. Como metodologia pretende-se fazer uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre letramento digital, com busca de trabalhos nas bases acadêmicas dos Periódicos Capes e Google acadêmico, que atendam aos seguintes critérios: contenham no seu título um dos termos: letramento digital, literacia digital, alfabetização digital e suas variações; publicadas durante o período de 2001 a 2020, em periódicos revisados por pares
Laboratory-Controlled Experiments Reveal Microbial Community Shifts during Sediment Resuspension Events

In freshwater ecosystems, dynamic hydraulic events (floods or dam maintenance) lead to sediment resuspension and mixing with waters of different composition. Microbial communities living in the sediments play a major role in these leaching events, contributing to organic matter degradation and the release of trace elements. However, the dynamics of community diversity are seldom studied in the context of ecological studies. Therefore, we carried out laboratory-induced leaching experiments, using sediments from the Villerest dam reservoir (Villerest, France). To assess whole microbial community diversity, we sequenced the archaeal and bacterial 16S rRNA genes using Illumina MiSeq. Our results suggest that the degree of dissolved oxygen found in the water during these resuspension episodes influenced community dynamics, with anoxic waters leading to drastic shifts in sedimentary communities compared to oxic waters. Furthermore, the release of microbial cells from sediments to the water column were more favorable to water colonization when events were caused by oxic waters. Most of the bacteria found in the sediments were chemoorganotrophs and most of the archaea were methanogens. Methylotrophic, as well as archaeal, and bacterial chemoorganotrophs were detected in the leachate samples. These results also show that organic matter degradation occurred, likely participating in carbonate dissolution and the release of trace elements during freshwater resuspension events.