Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parametric studies of stream instability-induced higher harmonics in plasma ionization breakdown near an emissive dielectric surface

In this work, we comprehensively investigate the generation of higher harmonic (HH) electric fields normal to the applied rf electric field in multipactor-coexisting plasma breakdown by fully kinetic particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations and a theoretical model. Firstly, a base case at driving frequency 1 GHz, transverse rf electric field amplitude 3 MV m−1, and background gas pressure 0.2 Torr, is studied in detail. The enhanced harmonic frequency observed is around ten times the fundamental rf frequency, significantly lower than the Langmuir frequency. A theoretical model reveals that the fundamental mechanism of HHs generation is stream–plasma instability, which originates from stream-like secondary electron emission interacting with plasma. The resulting HH frequency and the growth rate of its oscillating amplitude from the theoretical model, agree well with the PIC simulations. With increasing pressure, the HH oscillations are found to be significantly reduced. This is because at higher pressure the gas ionization rate is higher, which causes a more rapidly increasing plasma density, leaving less time for the growth of instability. Furthermore, the parameter space in terms of background gas pressure and rf field amplitude within which the HHs appear is revealed. Finally, the effect of the driving rf frequency on HHs is also investigated, and it is found that the instability-induced oscillating HHs field remains when the driving frequency is increased to 2 GHz, however, it is highly reduced at higher driving frequency of 5 GHz, as oscillations at the fundamental frequency start playing a more important role.
The Altmetric Attention Score Is Associated With Citation Rates and May Reflect Academic Impact in the Total Joint Arthroplasty Literature

Background: Given the increasing interest and potential use of social media for the promotion of orthopedic literature, there is a need to better understand Altmetrics. Purposes: We sought to determine the relationship between the Altmetric Attention Score (AAS) and the number of citations for articles on total joint arthroplasty (TJA) published in orthopedics journals. We also sought to determine the predictors of greater social media attention for these articles. Methods: Articles on TJA published in Bone and Joint Journal (BJJ), Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (JBJS), Clinical Orthopedics and Related Research (CORR), Journal of Arthroplasty, Journal of Knee Surgery, Hip International, and Acta Orthopaedica in 2016 were extracted (n = 498). One-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni corrections was used to compare AAS and citations across journals. Multivariate regressions were used to determine predictors of social media attention and number of citations. Results: The mean AAS and number of citations were 7.5 (range: 0–289) and 16.7 (range: 0–156), respectively. Significant between-group effects were observed according to journal for AAS and number of citations. Publishing an article in JBJS was the strongest predictor of higher number of citations. Publishing an article in BJJ was the only independent predictor of higher AAS, while publishing an article in JBJS or CORR trended toward statistical significance. A higher AAS was a significant predictor of a higher number of citations. Number of citations and number of study references were positive predictors of greater social media attention on Twitter and Facebook. Conclusions: In articles on TJA published in 7 journals in 2016, a higher AAS was a associated with a higher number of citations. Various bibliometric characteristics were found to be significantly associated with greater social media attention; the most common influences were number of citations and number of references. Researchers in orthopedics can use this information when considering how to assess the impact of their work.
Integrated Approaches to Identify miRNA Biomarkers Associated with Cognitive Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis Using Text Mining, Gene Expression, Pathways, and GWAS

Multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic autoimmune disorder, affects the central nervous system of many young adults. More than half of MS patients develop cognition problems. Although several genomic and transcriptomic studies are currently reported in MS cognitive impairment, a comprehensive repository dealing with all the experimental data is still underdeveloped. In this study, we combined text mining, gene regulation, pathway analysis, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify miRNA biomarkers to explore the cognitive dysfunction in MS, and to understand the genomic etiology of the disease. We first identified the dysregulated miRNAs associated with MS and cognitive dysfunction using PubTator (text mining), HMDD (experimental associations), miR2Disease, and PhenomiR database (differentially expressed miRNAs). Our results suggest that miRNAs such as hsa-mir-148b-3p, hsa-mir-7b-5p, and hsa-mir-7a-5p are commonly associated with MS and cognitive dysfunction. Next, we retrieved GWAS signals from GWAS Catalog, and analyzed the enrichment analysis of association signals in genes/miRNAs and their association networks. Then, we identified susceptible genetic loci, rs17119 (chromosome 6; p = 1 × 10−10), rs1843938 (chromosome 7; p = 1 × 10−10), and rs11637611 (chromosome 15; p = 1.00 × 10−15), associated with significant genetic risk. Lastly, we conducted a pathway analysis for the susceptible genetic variants and identified novel risk pathways. The ECM receptor signaling pathway (p = 3.98 × 10−8) and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway (p = 5.98 × 10−5) were found to be associated with differentially expressed miRNA biomarkers.
Multifunction Web-like Polymeric Network Bacterial Cellulose Derived from SCOBY as Both Electrodes and Electrolytes for Pliable and Low-Cost Supercapacitor

In this work, bacterial cellulose (BC)-based polymer derived from a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) are optimized as both electrodes and electrolytes to fabricate a flexible and free-standing supercapacitor. BC is a multifunction and versatile polymer. Montmorillonite (MMT) and sodium bromide (NaBr) are used to improve mechanical strength and as the ionic source, respectively. From XRD analysis, it is found that the addition of MMT and NaBr has reduced the crystallinity of the electrolyte. Most interaction within the electrolyte happens in the region of the OH band, as verified using FTIR analysis. A maximum room temperature conductivity of (1.09 ± 0.02) × 10−3 S/cm is achieved with 30 wt. % NaBr. The highest conducting SCOBY-based electrolytes have a decompose voltage and ionic transference number of 1.48 V and 0.97, respectively. The multiwalled carbon nanotube is employed as the active material held by the fibrous network of BC. Cyclic voltammetry shows a rectangular shape CV plot with the absence of a redox peak. The supercapacitor is charged and discharged in a zig-zag-shaped Perspex plate for 1000 cycles with a decent performance.
[O I] 63 Micron Absorption in NGC 6334

The [O I] 63 μm transition has been imaged around five far-infrared (FIR) and radio continuum sources in the southern massive star formation region NGC 6334. The [O I] 63 μm line is found in absorption toward the FIR continuum source NGC 6334V. This is only the second case in which the [O I] 63 μm line has been seen in absorption against a continuum source. From the depth of the absorption line, the minimum column density of oxygen is calculated to be N(O0) ≳ 5 × 1018 cm-2. This amount of oxygen is consistent with [O I] 63 μm absorption due to atomic gas in the foreground molecular cloud. The [O I] 63 μm line is found in emission toward the other four sources observed: NGC 6334, sources A, C, D, and E. Single-component photodissociation region (PDR) models suggest densities of n ~ 104 cm-3 for these sources, based on previously observed [O I] 145 μm and [C II] 158 μm intensities. However, unphysically large far-ultraviolet (FUV) fields are implied for three of the sources, particularly for NGC 6334A. Neither one- nor two-component photodissociation region models can explain the anomalously low [O I] 63 μm intensity toward NGC 6334A nor the absorption toward NGC 6334V. We suggest that self-absorption of the [O I] 63 μm line, such as has been suggested toward DR 21, is suppressing the observed [O I] 63 μm intensity. This underestimate leads to an overestimate of the derived FUV field strengths throughout NGC 6334. The discovery of several more star-forming sites in which the [O I] 63 μm is in absorption or is self-absorbed implies that this line is not always a reliable PDR diagnostic because the PDR models do not treat the radiative transfer through the molecular cloud.
Verifying Controllers With Vision-Based Perception Using Safe Approximate Abstractions

Fully formal verification of perception models is likely to remain challenging in the foreseeable future, and yet these models are being integrated into safety-critical control systems. We present a practical method for reasoning about the safety of such systems. Our method is based on systematically constructing approximations of perception models from system-level safety requirements, data, and program analysis of the modules that are downstream from perception. These approximations have some desirable properties like being low-dimensional, intelligible, and tractable. The closed-loop system, with the approximation substituting the actual perception model, is verified to be safe. Establishing the formal relationship between the actual and the approximate perception models remains well beyond available verification techniques. However, we do provide a useful empirical measure of their closeness called precision. Overall, our method can tradeoff the size of the approximation against precision. We apply the method to two significant case studies: 1) a vision-based lane tracking controller for an autonomous vehicle and 2) a controller for an agricultural robot. We show how the generated approximations for each system can be composed with the downstream modules and be verified using program analysis tools like CBMC. Detailed evaluations of the impacts of size, and the environmental parameters (e.g., lighting, road surface, and plant type) on the precision of the generated approximations suggest that the approach can be useful for realistic control systems.
Stochastic dynamics of two-step processes with harmonic potential

In this paper we address the one-dimensional problem of stochastic renewal in different damping environments. An ensemble of particles with some specified initial distribution in phase space are allowed to evolve stochastically till a certain instant of time (say,$tau$), when a restoring force is applied to bring them back to some point in confi? guration space. The physical quantities of interest that have been studied are the Survival Probability and the First Passage distribution for return to the speci? ed target point. We observe nontrivial dependence of these quantities on $tau$ as well as on the width of the initial distribution, which has been taken to be Gaussian in position and velocity.
The Frequency of Anomalously Red Galaxies in SDSS Clusters

Abstract We present a systematic photometric search for spectroscopically confirmed anomalously red galaxies members of 748 low redshift clusters between 0.03 z 0.17 from the SDSS-C4 cluster catalogue (Miller et al. 2005). For each cluster we spectroscopically determine cluster membership, construct a colour-magnitude diagram and fit the red sequence using a robust bi-weight fit. We define an “anomalously red galaxy” as having a (g - r) colour of greater than 3σ redward of the fitted cluster colour-magnitude relation. We find that of 7485 galaxies at r ≤ 17.77 in (g - r), 7 galaxies are anomalously red – 0.0935 per cent of all galaxies in our sample. We show that two of the red outliers are caused by red contamination from nearby sources and are therefore not intrinsically anomalous red. However, 5 have no underlying cause to be so red and we speculate that they may have a high internal dust content. These intrinsically red galaxies are rare – comprising no more than 0.0668 per cent of all cluster galaxies. Most are morphologically early type galaxies, with a few probable late type galaxies that are viewed edge-on and one low surface brightness late type. One of our anomalously red galaxies appears to be a dust-shrouded starburst and we speculate that this may be a unique galaxy amoungst this galaxy set.
The Tapestry of Modern Astrophysics

From gases to clusters - concepts in gravitation and gas the raw materials - instruments and observations radiative transfer and the outer layers of stars the interiors of the stars and stellar evolution structure and evoltuion of close binary stars the interstellar medium our galaxy and others as stellar systems the biggest picture - cosmology.
Deletion of Meg8-DMR Enhances Migration and Invasion of MLTC-1 Depending on the CTCF Binding Sites

The Dlk1-Dio3 imprinted domain on mouse chromosome 12 contains three well-characterized paternally methylated differentially methylated regions (DMRs): IG-DMR, Gtl2-DMR, and Dlk1-DMR. These DMRs control the expression of many genes involved in embryonic development, inherited diseases, and human cancer in this domain. The first maternal methylation DMR discovered in this domain was the Meg8-DMR, the targets and biological function of which are still unknown. Here, using an enhancer-blocking assay, we first dissected the functional parts of the Meg8-DMR and showed that its insulator activity is dependent on the CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) in MLTC-1. Results from RNA-seq showed that the deletion of the Meg8-DMR and its compartment CTCF binding sites, but not GGCG repeats, lead to the downregulation of numerous genes on chromosome 12, in particular the drastically reduced expression of Dlk1 and Rtl1 in the Dlk1-Dio3 domain, while differentially expressed genes are enriched in the MAPK pathway. In vitro assays revealed that the deletion of the Meg8-DMR and CTCF binding sites enhances cell migration and invasion by decreasing Dlk1 and activating the Notch1-Rhoc-MAPK/ERK pathway. These findings enhance research into gene regulation in the Dlk1-Dio3 domain by indicating that the Meg8-DMR functions as a long-range regulatory element which is dependent on CTCF binding sites and affects multiple genes in this domain.
Toxicological Analysis of Illicit Drugs Seized in Naples (Italy) and First Detection of Synthetic Cannabinoids during COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has consistently raised the number of drug seizures, in United States as in Europe. The COVID-19 pandemic has also changed the typology of seizures from “more traditional” drugs to New Psychoactive Substances (NPSs), depending on geographical area. In Europe, the most frequent NPSs are synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) and cathinones, nonetheless synthetic opioids and phenethylamines are widely used. The aim of the study is the detection of NPS and other substances of abuse available in the black market, by quali/quantitative methods in LC-MS/MS and GC-MS. From 2018 to 2021, 268 seizures occurred in total and were analyzed by the Forensic Toxicology Laboratory (FTL) of Naples (Italy). The distribution of analyzed seizures over the years is the following: 53 in 2018, 61 in 2019, 89 in 2020 and 65 during the first semester of 2021. Cannabis was the most detected drug both in hashish and marijuana seizures, followed by cocaine > heroine > prescribed drugs > ketamine–amphetamine MDMA. No NPSs were seized until June 2021, when NPSs were found in two different seizures: Case #1 showed a bar of Cannabis resin containing a low level of Δ9THC = 0.57% associated to SC AB-FUBINACA in 4.5%; Case #2 showed a vegetal resinous substance (Δ9THC = 0.27%) with SC 5F-APINACA (4.1%) associated with methadone (1.0%). The detection of NPSs is alarming evidence that can lead to an increase in the risk of overdose or other negative and unpredictable consequences, such as violent or self-harming behavior in unaware users of cannabis derivatives considered of “natural” origin.
STRATEGIES FOR VILLAGE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN COASTAL DURING COVID-19: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

The Covid-19 outbreak has had a negative impact on the decline in the number of visits in the tourism sector, one of which is the tourist village. The recovery of tourist villages during Covid-19 relies heavily on the role of the Tourism Awareness Community (Pokdarwis). However, the role of the Tourism Awareness Community in the development of tourist villages during Covid-19 is still not clearly discussed. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the tourism village development strategy during COVID-19 by the Tourism Awareness Community in the Teritip Village, Balikpapan-Indonesia. This study uses the QSPM (Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix) method, which is a method for determining the priority of alternative strategies obtained from a SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats). The results showed that the position of the Tourism Awareness Community was in quadrant V (Hold and Maintain), namely market penetration and product development strategies. That is, the professional management of tourist villages is crucial to increasing the number of tourist visits. The management of the tourist village must be able to optimize the resources they have to develop a tourist village in the Teritip Village. In addition, the development of attractive tour packages is also the key to attracting tourists. Therefore, strengthening human resources related to the professionalism of tourism village management is very necessary in order to advance tourism villages.
A stochastic evaluation for non-stationary random noise over a long timeperiod based on local statinarity and its application to actual acousticsenvironment

A non-stationary environmental noise fluctuations can be treated as some composition of local state strips having arbitrary fluctuating pattern in a locally stationary time period. Its non-stationary characteristics can be seen in the form of its changing stage from a locally stationary state to another one by means of its temporal change of probability distribution. For a non-stationarity with continuously slow temporal change, the noise evaluation method is derived by considering the temporal change of moment statistics or distribution parameters. On the other hand, for a non-stationarity with stepwise rapid variation like an ON/OFF operation of machine, the noise evaluation method is derived by considering in principle the occurring probability of each of locally stationary state based on the mutually exclusive property. In the experimental consideration, the above contrastive two evaluation methods have been applied to actual cases with slowly changing environmental noise and rapidly changing machine noise.
Geometric Optimization of Perovskite Solar Cells with Metal Oxide Charge Transport Layers

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are a promising area of research among different new generations of photovoltaic technologies. Their manufacturing costs make them appealing in the PV industry compared to their alternatives. Although PSCs offer high efficiency in thin layers, they are still in the development phase. Hence, optimizing the thickness of each of their layers is a challenging research area. In this paper, we investigate the effect of the thickness of each layer on the photoelectric parameters of n-ZnO/p-CH3NH3PbI3/p-NiOx solar cell through various simulations. Using the Sol–Gel method, PSC structure can be formed in different thicknesses. Our aim is to identify a functional connection between those thicknesses and the optimum open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current. Simulation results show that the maximum efficiency is obtained using a perovskite layer thickness of 200 nm, an electronic transport layer (ETL) thickness of 60 nm, and a hole transport layer (HTL) thickness of 20 nm. Furthermore, the output power, fill factor, open-circuit voltage, and short-circuit current of this structure are 18.9 mW/cm2, 76.94%, 1.188 V, and 20.677 mA/cm2, respectively. The maximum open-circuit voltage achieved by a solar cell with perovskite, ETL and HTL layer thicknesses of (200 nm, 60 nm, and 60 nm) is 1.2 V. On the other hand, solar cells with the following thicknesses, 800 nm, 80 nm, and 40 nm, and 600 nm, 80 nm, and 80 nm, achieved a maximum short-circuit current density of 21.46 mA/cm2 and a fill factor of 83.35%. As a result, the maximum value of each of the photoelectric parameters is found in structures of different thicknesses. These encouraging results are another step further in the design and manufacturing journey of PSCs as a promising alternative to silicon PV.
On the output-input stability property for multivariable nonlinear control systems

We study the recently introduced notion of output-input stability, which is a robust variant of the minimum-phase property for general smooth nonlinear control systems. The subject of this paper is developing the theory of output-input stability in the multi-input, multi-output setting. We show that output-input stability can be viewed as a combination of two system properties, one related to detectability and the other to left-invertibility. For systems affine in controls, we provide a necessary and sufficient condition for output-input stability, which relies on Hirschorn's nonlinear structure algorithm.
Upper extremity exoskeletons in construction, a field-based study

1 Abstract — The construction trade requires repetitive, physically demanding manual tasks which can over time pose severe risks for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) [1]. Exoskeletons and exosuits (collectively called “EXOs” in this work) have substantial potential to protect workers and to increase worker productivity by reducing exertion and fatigue. Despite these potential benefits, EXOs are uncommon in the construction industry. We present preliminary results from a pilot study investigating the knowledge gaps and barriers to EXO adoption. The overall objective of this work is to establish a foundational understanding of how EXOs can transform the future of construction trade work. The described work focuses on industry collaboration and field-based kinematic evaluation of three subjects performing a real-world construction task, removing wooden blocks from a steel-frame wall. We demonstrate the range of motion of the upper extremities of the subjects performing the task unassisted, followed by performing the task wearing two upper-extremity EXOs. This work is a presented in parallel with our separate study (evaluating the effects of a lower back EXO while dumping a gondola of refuse) also presented at this workshop. Our preliminary findings build a foundation of understanding of EXO-enabled construction tasks. This will foster EXO adoption and yield benefits including but not limited to improving the productivity of construction trades, reducing the risks of WMSDs and injuries of trade workers, broadening the workforce participation in construction trades, and extending the career life expectancy of existing trade workers.