Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Student perceptions towards online learning in medical education during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-methods study

Background: This mixed-methods study was undertaken to ascertain undergraduate medical students’ perceptions of remote learning following the COVID-19 restrictions. 545 students participated in this study. Methods: Data was collected using a validated questionnaire and four focus group discussions. Results: Regarding recorded lectures, the quantitative findings indicated that they were important during online learning and the qualitative findings explained that the recorded lectures enabled individual students to pace and customize their learning. The majority of the students agreed that recorded lectures were relevant to their learning, though they watched less than 50% of recorded lectures. Qualitative findings described procrastination as the rationale for not watching the videos. The online live lectures had a relatively higher percentage of contribution towards learning in comparison with instructor recorded video lectures. Students were more engaged with live lectures, and 63.3% of respondents agreed. Qualitative findings confirmed the opportunities for interacting with peers and better clarification of doubts by teachers during live lectures. Conclusions: Online learning with recorded and live lectures provided continuity in medical education during the COVID-19 pandemic. When compared to recorded video lectures, synchronous live lectures were regarded as superior by students largely due to the opportunity to directly communicate with the instructor and receive quick feedback.
Compact Right-Angled Coplanar Waveguide Using Central ShortCircuited Slotline

- In this paper, a compact right-angled CPW using the central short-circuited slotline is proposed. The short-circuited slotline is fabricated on the central strip of the CPW so that it will not consume any additional area. As compared with the right-angled CPW using the short-circuited slotline [14], the reflection coefficient is maintained at a low value around -10 dB while the transmission coefficient is increased from -4.49 dB to -3.28 dB. Besides, the power loss is substantially reduced from 0.55 to 0.37.
Large-Scale Evacuation Shelter Selection Method Through Iterations of Pedestrian Simulations With Dynamic Congestion Reproduction

It is necessary to optimize evacuation guidance to shelters in short evacuation time. The state-of-the-art method based on an idea of combinatorial optimization problems related to evacuees’ locations and the capacities of nearby shelters has been developed, while it cannot mitigate the effect of congestion on roads/streets after evacuation starts. In this study, to cover this problem, we develop a new method that utilizes simulations for estimating the effect of congestion on roads/streets during evacuation and reassigning shelters to evacuees based on the simulation results. By iterating this step, our method derives the congestion-aware solutions for shelter selection that can realize more smooth evacuation. To evaluate our method, we conducted multi-agent simulations assuming a disaster situation in a sightseeing spot. Specifically, we examined a hypothetical case scenario involving the evacuation of 30,000 visitors from the Gion Festival. We compared the proposed method with conventional methods, such as the nearest shelter selection method and our previous method. We found that our proposed method reduced average and total evacuation time and congestion on roads compared to the conventional methods including the nearest shelter selection method and our previous method that only employs combinatorial optimization without estimating congestion. From this result, our idea of simulation-based congestion estimation has an impact of easing congestion during evacuation and preventing overcapacity of shelters at the same time. It shows the possibilities of help in developing congestion-aware evacuation strategies in emergency situations of crowded areas like huge cities or sightseeing spots.
A universal hybrid precoding scheme for massive MIMO communications

Based on an analog radio frequency (RF) network, hybrid precoding (HPC) for massive MIMO can achieve very high spectral efficiencies with moderate hardware cost and power consumption. Despite the extensive research efforts in recent years, the practioners are still looking for HPCs that are efficient and easy-to-implement. In this paper, we present a new method termed as the universal hybrid precoding (UHP), which is nearly optimal, computationally efficient, and applicable to various types of RF network (thus, the name universal): the components of the network can be phase shifters (with finite or infinite resolutions), switches, or their combinations; the topology of the network can be fully-connected or partially-connected. Besides the standard UHP, we also propose a simplified version termed as sUHP to trade a negligible performance loss for much reduced computational complexity. The analysis shows that the computational complexity of the proposed UHP/sUHP is one to two orders of magnitude lower than the state-of-the-art methods. Simulation results verify the (near-) optimality of the proposed UHP scheme for various forms of the analog networks.
A Study on the Photopolymerization Kinetics of Selected Dental Resins Using Fourier Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)

The aim of the presented study was a comparative analysis of the polymerization kinetics of dental resin-based composites currently used in dentistry in different environmental conditions (irradiance, activation time, layer thickness). The photopolymerization kinetics of eleven dental resins were investigated using a Woodpecker LED source. The DC was measured by FTIR in transmission mode and attenuated total reflection (ATR) from 5 s to 7 days. In the transmission mode, the spectra from parallel optical layers (about 0.2 mm thick) of samples placed between the KBr crystals were recorded. In the reflection mode, an ATR attachment with a diamond window was used. The DC calculation method was applied based on the application of a monomer absorption band at 1638 cm−1 (stretching vibration double bond C=C of the vinyl group) without using a reference band. The data were analyzed by performing an ANOVA test comparison between sample groups at the significance level α = 0.05. For all tested materials, the polymerization kinetics consist of three stages. The fastest stage occurs during the irradiation, and the achieved DC value is 70–75% of the maximum value 5 s after the irradiation. Another 15–20% DC increase at a moderate speed takes about 15–20 min. There is also a very slow further increase in DC of 5–10% within 5 days after irradiation. For 8 out of the 11 tested fillings, the optimal photopolymerization conditions are as follows: a power density of 400 or 1000 mW/cm2; an exposure time of 10 s; and a thickness of the irradiated resin layer of up to 2 mm. The influence of various conditions and factors on the reaction kinetics is dominant only in the early, rapid phase of the conversion. After longer times, the DC values gradually level out under different light conditions. The DC of the dental resins are dependent on the irradiance, light source, filler type, time after irradiance, and monomer thickness.
Evaluation Of The Metal Removal Capability Of Endemic Chilean Species

Extended Abstract Copper mining is one of the main economic activities in Chile. Chilean Legislation (Supreme Decree N°248/2007) establishing the concept of tailings as a finely ground solid, which is discarded in mining operations, and it is not considered a hazardous waste. For a long time, due to the lack of regulations, mine tailings were stored without major environmental consideration; therefore, at present, several abandoned impoundments are located near population centres. In 2004 the Supreme Decree N°132 modified the Mining Safety Regulations by incorporating regulations on the closure of mining operations, forcing, for the first time, to the mining companies to execute a closure plan at the end of their production phase including the closure of tailings impoundments.
Comparative Channel Study of Ray Tracing and Measurement for an Indoor Scenario at 28 GHz

The millimeter wave communication is important for future wireless systems. In this paper, the channel characteristics at 28 GHz in an indoor scenario are researched based on ray tracing (RT) simulation and measurement. In the RT simulation, various configurations, such as different number of reflections, diffractions and penetrations are used. As for the measurement, two setups are implemented in order to analyze more parameters. Setup one is that biconical antennas are used at both the transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX). The other setup is that horn antenna at RX is rotated 360◦ in azimuth with a step of 5◦ when an omni-directional antenna located at TX. Meanwhile, antenna is rotated one circle with an elevation angle of 10◦, 0◦ and -10◦, respectively. Path loss and K-factor are analyzed firstly, and analysis results indicate the RT result with 1 or 2 reflections, 1 diffractions and 5 penetrations in this conference room is closest to the measurement result and channel models in 3GPP TR 38.901. Then, the root mean square (RMS) delay spread and RMS angular spread are investigated, which shows the value of measurement is a bit larger than RT because of the limitation of azimuth and elevation step. According to all the results, 1-2 reflections, 1 diffraction and 5 penetrations can be used in RT for future analysis of indoor scenario at 28 GHz.
Protocol: the complexity of informal caregiving for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in rural South Africa

Background: With aging, many people develop Alzheimer’s disease or related dementias (ADRD) as well as chronic physical health problems. The consequent care needs can be complicated, with heavy demands on families, households and communities, especially in resource-constrained settings with limited formal care services. However, research on ADRD caregiving is largely limited to primary caregivers and high-income countries. Our objectives are to analyse in a rural setting in South Africa: (1) how extended households provide care to people with ADRD; and (2) how the health and wellbeing of all caregivers are affected by care roles. Methods: The study will take place at the Agincourt health and socio-demographic surveillance system site of the MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit in Mpumalanga Province, northeast South Africa. We will recruit 100 index individuals predicted to currently have ADRD or cognitive impairment using data from a recent dementia survey. Quantitative surveys will be conducted with each index person’s nominated primary caregiver, all other household members aged over 12, and caregiving non-resident kin and non-kin to determine how care and health are patterned across household networks. Qualitative data will be generated through participant observation and in-depth interviews with caregivers, select community health workers and key informants. Combining epidemiological, demographic and anthropological methods, we will build a rich picture of households of people with ADRD, focused on caregiving demands and capacity, and of caregiving’s effects on health. Discussion: Our goal is to identify ways to mitigate the negative impacts of long-term informal caregiving for ADRD when formal supports are largely absent. We expect our findings to inform the development of locally relevant and community-oriented interventions to improve the health of caregivers and recipients, with implications for other resource-constrained settings in both higher- and lower-income countries.
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI)

Shahab Wahhab Kareem, Bikhtiyar Friyad Abdulrahman, Roojwan Sc. Hawezi, Farah Sami Khoshaba, Shavan Askar, Karwan Muhammed Muheden, Ibrahim Shamal Abdulkhaleq Department of Information System Engineering, Erbil Technical Engineering College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, Iraq Department of Information Technology, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq
Subjective Well-Being dan Komitmen Organisasi Pada Karyawan yang Menjalani Work From Office (WFO) di Masa Pandemi

This studi aims to learn the correlation between subjective wellbeing and organization commitment of employees work from office (WFO) during the pandemic covid-19. This research uses quantitative approach. The subjexts of this atudy were 82 employees who worked in Jakarta area. Data collection methods usea are the scale of Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) and scale subjective wellbeing Satisfaction with Life (SWLS) and Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE). Data analysis techniques used Pearson’s Correlation Product Moment. The results of the study using the pearson product moment the showed that the correlation test value formed was 0,318 and sig 0.004, where this number indicated a positive and significant correlation between the organizational commitment vaviable with subjective wellbeing meaning the highers subjective wellbeing, the higher commitment to organizational. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan subjectve wellbeing dengan komitmen organisasi pada karyawan yang menjalani work from office (WFO) di masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian 82 karyawan yang bekerja di area jakarta. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah skala komitmen organisasi Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) dan skala subjective wellbeing Satisfaction with Life (SWLS) dan Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE). Teknik analisa data menggunakan Pearson’s Correlation Product Moment. Hasil penelitian menggunakan uji korelasi preason product momen menunjukan bahwa nilai uji korelasi yang terbentuk adalah sebesar 0,318 dan sig 0.004, dimana angka ini menunjukan korelasi yang positif dan signifikan antara variabel komitmen organisasi dengan subjective wellbeing, artinya semakin tinggi subjectivewell being yang dimiliki, maka semakin tinggi juga komitmen kepada organisasi yang dimiliki karyawan.
Image-Based Defect Classification for TFT-LCD Array via Convolutional Neural Network

Defect pattern detection and classification are challenging for thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display (TFT-LCD) manufacturing. Limitations of the existing solutions for automatic optical inspection can be traced in part to the lack of a framework within which different existing and new defect patterns can be analyzed, while integrating domain knowledge and effective technologies. This study aims to develop a framework for image-based defect classification that employs the convolution neural networks without using complex and time-consuming image-processing processes in advance. An empirical study was conducted in a leading TFT-LCD manufacturing in Taiwan for validation. The results have shown that the defect patterns can be effectively classified by the proposed convolutional neural networks that outperform the existing approaches such as Support Vector Machine and Random Forest. The developed solution is implemented to effectively support the engineers.
A Current Review of Human Factors and Ergonomic Intervention With Exoskeletons

Research and development of exoskeletons began as early as the 1960s. Recent advancement in technology has spurred a further research into the field specifically at rehabilitation and human performance augmentation. Human performance augmenting exoskeletons find use in the military, emergency services, industrial and space applications, and training. Rehabilitation exoskeletons assist in posture support and replacing lost function. Exoskeleton research is broadly broken up in this chapter by anthropometry: lower body, upper body, and extremities. The development for various anthropometry has their own unique set of challenges. This chapter provides a brief history, discusses current trends in research, looks at some of the technology involved in development, the potential benefits of using exoskeletons, and looks at the possible future improvements in research.
The Peer‐To‐Peer Type Propagation From Meteorological Drought to Soil Moisture Drought Occurs in Areas With Strong Land‐Atmosphere Interaction

Meteorological and soil drought is disastrous to natural and social systems. It is expected that the occurrence of meteorological and soil drought compound events will become more frequent and extreme in the future. The propagation process of meteorological drought to soil drought plays an essential role in the occurrence of drought. However, the drought propagation process is not clear, especially the quantification of drought characteristic propagation process is rarely realized. This study constructs drought intensity propagation index (DIP) and drought duration propagation index (DDP), and then puts forward drought propagation partition in China. Furthermore, this study preliminarily discussed the driving factors of drought propagation and the relationship between land‐atmosphere interaction and main drought propagation partition (arid type drought propagation area, peer‐to‐peer type drought propagation area, and humid type drought propagation area). The results show that DDP and DIP are significantly negatively correlated in China from 1981 to 2020. From southeast to northwest, the propagation of drought intensity from meteorological drought to soil drought gradually increased and the propagation of drought duration gradually decreased. We further concluded that 68% of regions with similar intensity and duration of meteorological drought and soil drought (peer‐to‐peer type drought propagation area) are concentrated in semiarid and dry subhumid, which is exactly the area with strong land‐atmosphere interaction. In all land use types, grasslands are most prone to peer‐to‐peer propagation of drought. This study further reveals the law and mechanism of drought propagation and provides a new idea and attempt to clarify the drought propagation process.
Machine learning model for green building design prediction

Green building (GB) is a design concept that implements sustainable processes and green technologies in the building's life cycle. However, the design process of GB tends to take longer than conventional buildings due to the integration of various green requirements and performances into the building design. Advanced artificial intelligence (AI) methods such as machine learning (ML) are widely used to help designers do their jobs faster and more accurately. Therefore, this study aims to develop a GB design predictive model utilizing ML techniques that consider four GB design criteria: energy efficiency, indoor environmental quality, water efficiency, and site planning. A dataset of GB projects collected from a private construction company based in Jakarta was used to train and test the ML model. The accuracy of the models was evaluated using mean square error (MSE). The comparison of MSE values of the conducted experiments showed that the combination of the artificial neural network (ANN) method with the IF-ELSE algorithm created the most accurate ML model for GB design prediction with an MSE of 1.3.
Shades of expansiveness: Postural expression of dominance, high-arousal positive affect, and warmth.

In addition to the face, bodily posture plays an important role in communicating affective states. Postural expansion-how much space the body takes up-has been much studied as expressing and signaling dominance and pride. The present research aimed to expand research on the range of affect dimensions and affect-laden personality characteristics that are expressed via expansiveness, investigating specific forms of expansiveness and their interactions with other postural elements (e.g., arm position). Using an innovative expression-production method, Study 1 (N = 146) characterized full-body expressions of dominance, joy, hope, and awe; results indicated joy is communicated most expansively and suggested a signature arm position for most feelings. Studies 2 and 3 (Ns = 352 and 183) revealed that other postural features interact with expansiveness to signal dominance (arms akimbo, head raised, stability), as distinct from high-arousal positive affect (arms high up, head raised) and warmth (arms high up, head raised, instability). Together, this research adds needed data on full-body expressions of positive affect states and provides systematic analysis of different affective messages and varieties of postural expansiveness. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Conflicting outcomes of alternative energies: agricultural methane emissions and hydroelectricity, 1975–2015

Mitigating emissions from methane, a potent greenhouse gas (GHG), is a critical task of fossil fuel alternatives in energy generation as well as in other sectors with large environmental impacts such as agriculture. Agricultural methane emissions have not been given sufficient attention in social science approaches to the human dynamics of GHG emissions. Given the importance of methane emissions, the need for renewable energy development, and the relationship between hydropower and agricultural systems, we ask: does hydroelectricity development influence agricultural methane emissions? If so, under what socioeconomic conditions? Using the World Bank’s World Development Indicators and FAO data, we present fixed-effects models with robust standard errors to predict agricultural methane emissions from 1975–2015. Our results show that in low middle income nations and across all nations, increased hydroelectricity generation was associated with increased agricultural methane emissions during this period. We suggest hydroelectricity generation and affluence are associated with a suite of agricultural techniques, including the organization of agricultural waterbodies and animal feed, which may contribute to higher levels of agricultural methane emissions. Given the pressing need for alternatives to fossil fuels, we recommend further examination of the economic conditions for implementing alternative fuels to avoid unintended environmental harms, including those which directly counteract the intended emissions-reduction purpose of these alternatives.