Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Superior mechanical flexibility and strained-engineered direct-indirect band gap transition of green phosphorene

Most recently, a brand new phosphorus allotrope called green phosphorus has been predicted, which has a direct band gap up to 2.4 eV, and its single-layer form termed green phosphorene shows high stability. Here the mechanical properties and the uniaxial strain effect on the electronic band structure of green phosphorene along two perpendicular in-plane directions are investigated. Remarkably, we find that this material can sustain a tensile strain in the armchair direction up to a threshold of 35\% which is larger than that of black phosphorene, suggesting that green phosphorene is more puckered. Our calculations also show the Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio in the zigzag direction are four times larger than those in the armchair direction, which confirm the anisotropy of the material. Furthermore, the uniaxial strain can trigger the direct-indirect band gap transition for green phosphorene and the critical strains for the band gap transition are revealed.
Gated nonlinear transport in organic polymer field effect transistors

We measure hole transport in poly(3-hexylthiophene) field effect transistors with channel lengths from 3 μm down to 200 nm, from room temperature down to 10 K. Near room temperature effective mobilities inferred from linear regime transconductance are strongly dependent on temperature, gate voltage, and source–drain voltage. As T is reduced below 200 K and at high source–drain bias, we find transport becomes highly nonlinear and is very strongly modulated by the gate. We consider whether this nonlinear transport is contact limited or a bulk process by examining the length dependence of linear conduction to extract contact and channel contributions to the source–drain resistance. The results indicate that these devices are bulk limited at room temperature, and remain so as the temperature is lowered. The nonlinear conduction is consistent with a model of Poole–Frenkel-like hopping mechanism in the space-charge limited current regime. Further analysis within this model reveals consistency with a strongly en.
Fixation of the Membrane during Matrix-Induced Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation in the Knee: A Systematic Review

Introduction: It is unclear whether the type of membrane used for matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte implantation (mACI) influences results. A systematic review was conducted to investigate the midterm results of the three most common types of membrane fixation for mACI. Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to the 2020 PRISMA checklist. PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and Scopus online databases were accessed in August 2022. All the prospective clinical trials reporting outcomes of mACI in the knee were considered. Studies that describe the modality of membrane fixation (glued, glued, and sutured, no fixation) used for mACI were eligible. Studies that conducted a minimum of 12 months of follow-up were considered. The outcomes of interest were the Tegner Activity Scale and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score. The rate of failure and revisions were also collected. Results: Data from 26 studies (1539 procedures; 554 of 1539 (36%) were women) were retrieved. The mean follow-up was 42.6 (12 to 84) months. No difference between the groups was found in terms of mean duration of symptoms, age, BMI, gender, and defect size (P > 0.1). No difference was found in terms of the Tegner score (P = 0.3). When no fixation was used, a statistically significant higher IKDC compared to the other groups (P = 0.02) was evidenced. No difference was found in the rate of failure (P = 0.1). The no-fixation group evidenced a statistically significant lower rate of revisions (P = 0.02). Conclusions: No membrane fixation for mACI in the knee scored better than the fastening techniques at the midterm follow-up.
Multi-Kernel Temporal and Spatial Convolution for EEG-Based Emotion Classification

Deep learning using an end-to-end convolutional neural network (ConvNet) has been applied to several electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain–computer interface tasks to extract feature maps and classify the target output. However, the EEG analysis remains challenging since it requires consideration of various architectural design components that influence the representational ability of extracted features. This study proposes an EEG-based emotion classification model called the multi-kernel temporal and spatial convolution network (MultiT-S ConvNet). The multi-scale kernel is used in the model to learn various time resolutions, and separable convolutions are applied to find related spatial patterns. In addition, we enhanced both the temporal and spatial filters with a lightweight gating mechanism. To validate the performance and classification accuracy of MultiT-S ConvNet, we conduct subject-dependent and subject-independent experiments on EEG-based emotion datasets: DEAP and SEED. Compared with existing methods, MultiT-S ConvNet outperforms with higher accuracy results and a few trainable parameters. Moreover, the proposed multi-scale module in temporal filtering enables extracting a wide range of EEG representations, covering short- to long-wavelength components. This module could be further implemented in any model of EEG-based convolution networks, and its ability potentially improves the model’s learning capacity.
Parallel Resolution of the Satisfiability Problem: A Survey

The past few years have seen enormous progress in the performance of propositional satisfiability (SAT) solvers, and consequently SAT solvers are widely used in industry for many applications. In spite of this progress, there is strong demand for higher SAT algorithms efficiency to solve harder and larger problems. Unfortunately, most modern solvers are sequential and fewer are parallel. Our intention is to review the work of this last decade on parallel resolution of SAT with DPLL solvers which are the most widely used complete ones.
Multi-Objective Optimal Travel Route Recommendation for Tourists by Improved Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm

With the swift development of tourism all around the world, it has become vital to improve the recommendation of useful travel information to tourists to assure their convenience and satisfaction. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-objective optimal travel route recommendation framework, which collects tourists’ travel trajectories from their mobile phone signaling data. Then, the proposed framework preprocesses the mobile signaling data to transform raw trajectories into tourists’ travel sequences. Subsequently, the framework finds the popular attractions and frequent travel routes from the travel pattern sequences by using a frequent pattern mining method. Finally, an improved ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm with a novel extensible heuristic factor approach is adopted to search the multi-objective optimal travel routes according to the popularity of attractions and travel time of tourists. The experimental results indicate that the proposed framework is efficient in recommending multi-objective optimal travel routes considering tourists’ travel time and attractions’ popularity while ensuring that the recommended travel route is suitable.
Composition and Codon Usage Pattern Results in Divergence of the Zinc Binuclear Cluster (Zn(II)2Cys6) Sequences among Ascomycetes Plant Pathogenic Fungi

Zinc binuclear cluster proteins (ZBC; Zn(II)2Cys6) are unique to the fungi kingdom and associated with a series of functions, viz., the utilization of macromolecules, stress tolerance, and most importantly, host–pathogen interactions by imparting virulence to the pathogen. Codon usage bias (CUB) is the phenomenon of using synonymous codons in a non-uniform fashion during the translation event, which has arisen because of interactions among evolutionary forces. The Zn(II)2Cys6 coding sequences from nine Ascomycetes plant pathogenic species and model system yeast were analysed for compositional and codon usage bias patterns. The clustering analysis diverged the Ascomycetes fungi into two clusters. The nucleotide compositional and relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) analysis indicated GC biasness toward Ascomycetes fungi compared with the model system S. cerevisiae, which tends to be AT-rich. Further, plant pathogenic Ascomycetes fungi belonging to cluster-2 showed a higher number of GC-rich high-frequency codons than cluster-1 and was exclusively AT-rich in S. cerevisiae. The current investigation also showed the mutual effect of the two evolutionary forces, viz. natural selection and compositional constraints, on the CUB of Zn(II)2Cys6 genes. The perseverance of GC-rich codons of Zn(II)2Cys6 in Ascomycetes could facilitate the invasion process. The findings of the current investigation show the role of CUB and nucleotide composition in the evolutionary divergence of Ascomycetes plant pathogens and paves the way to target specific codons and sequences to modulate host–pathogen interactions through genome editing and functional genomics tools.
Central stars of planetary nebulae: The white dwarf connection

Abstract This paper is focused on the transition phase between central stars and white dwarfs, i.e. objects in the effective temperature range 100 000 – 200 000 K. We confine our review to hydrogen-deficient stars because the common H-rich objects are subject of the paper by Ziegler et al. in these proceedings. We address the claimed iron-deficiency in PG1159 stars and [WC] central stars. The discovery of new Ne vii and Ne viii lines in PG1159 stars suggests that the identification of O vii and O viii lines that are used for spectral classification of [WCE] stars is wrong. We then present evidence for two distinct post-AGB evolutionary sequences for H-deficient stars based on abundance analyses of the He-dominated O(He) stars and the hot DO white dwarf KPD 0005+5106. Finally, we report on evidence for an H-deficient post-super AGB evolution sequence represented by the hottest known, carbon/oxygen-atmosphere white dwarf H 1504+65 and the recently discovered carbon-atmosphere “hot DQ” white dwarfs.
Intra-night optical variability characteristics of different classes of narrow-line seyfert 1 galaxies

In a first systematic effort to characterize the intra-night optical variability (INOV) of different classes of narrow line Seyfert 1 (NLSy1) galaxies, we have carried out observations on a sample of radio-loud (RL) and radio-quiet (RQ) NLSy1 galaxies. The RL-NLSy1 galaxies are further divided into {\gamma}-ray loud (GL) and {\gamma}-ray quiet (GQ) NLSy1 galaxies. Our sample consists of four sets, each set consisting of a RQ-NLSy1, a GQ-NLSy1 and a GL-NLSy1 galaxy, closely matched in redshift and optical luminosity. Our observations on both RQ and GQ-NLSy1 galaxies consist of a total of 19 nights, whereas the data for GL-NLSy1 galaxies (18 nights) were taken from literature published earlier by us. This enabled us to do a comparison of the duty cycle (DC) of different classes of NLSy1 galaxies. Using power-enhanced F-test, with a variability threshold of 1%, we find DCs of about 55%, 39% and 0% for GL, GQ and RQ-NLSy1 galaxies respectively. The high DC and large amplitude of INOV (24.0 +/- 13.7%) shown by GL-NLSy1 galaxies relative to the other two classes might be due to their inner aligned relativistic jets having large bulk Lorentz factors. The null DC of RQ-NLSy1 galaxies could mean the presence of low power and/or largely misaligned jets in them. However, dividing RL-NLSy1 galaxies into low and high optical polarization sources, we find that sources with large polarization show somewhat higher DCs (69%) and amplitudes (29%) compared to those with low polarization. This points to a possible link between INOV and optical polarization.
Aberrant B Cell Signaling in Autoimmune Diseases

Aberrant B cell signaling plays a critical in role in various systemic and organ-specific autoimmune diseases. This is supported by genetic evidence by many functional studies in B cells from patients or specific animal models and by the observed efficacy of small-molecule inhibitors. In this review, we first discuss key signal transduction pathways downstream of the B cell receptor (BCR) that ensure that autoreactive B cells are removed from the repertoire or functionally silenced. We provide an overview of aberrant BCR signaling that is associated with inappropriate B cell repertoire selection and activation or survival of peripheral B cell populations and plasma cells, finally leading to autoantibody formation. Next to BCR signaling, abnormalities in other signal transduction pathways have been implicated in autoimmune disease. These include reduced activity of several phosphates that are downstream of co-inhibitory receptors on B cells and increased levels of BAFF and APRIL, which support survival of B cells and plasma cells. Importantly, pathogenic synergy of the BCR and Toll-like receptors (TLR), which can be activated by endogenous ligands, such as self-nucleic acids, has been shown to enhance autoimmunity. Finally, we will briefly discuss therapeutic strategies for autoimmune disease based on interfering with signal transduction in B cells.
The Impact of the Honeybee Apis mellifera on the Organization of Pollination Networks Is Positively Related with Its Interactive Role throughout Its Geographic Range

Studies at local spatial scales have shown that the generalist honeybee Apis mellifera L. can strongly affect the structural organization and properties of pollination networks. However, there is still little knowledge on how the connectivity of the honeybee within networks (i.e., interactive role) could affect pollination networks at a global scale. To fill this gap, we evaluated how the interactive role of A. mellifera could affect niche overlap, specialization, and robustness of pollination networks. We used 109 weighted pollination networks spread across about 94 degrees of latitude and 227 degrees of longitude. We developed a new standardized framework based on species removal to assess the impact of the honeybee on plant-pollinator networks. We found that when the honeybee was removed from the networks, plant species had less niche overlap (i.e., shared fewer interactions via their pollinators) and the networks became more specialized and more robust to species extinctions. Our findings indicate that A. mellifera’s effects on pollination networks vary geographically and could influence several ecological and evolutionary factors acting at local scales, including pollination services. We hope this contribution will stimulate new macroecological studies involving abundant and generalist species and their functional roles within ecological communities.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection using an ultrathin endoscope for superficial pharyngeal cancer: a prospective feasibility study (with video)

Abstract Background and study aims Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of pharyngeal cancers with conventional endoscopes often is difficult, not only because of the narrow working space, but also because endoscope maneuverability in the pharynx is poor due to interference from the endotracheal tube and/or hyoid bone. However, we hypothesized that those problems could possibly be resolved by use of an ultrathin endoscope for ESD of superficial pharyngeal cancer. The aim of this prospective interventional study was to investigate the feasibility of ESD for superficial pharyngeal cancer using an ultrathin endoscope. Patients and methods This feasibility study was conducted at NTT Medical Center Tokyo between June 2020 and September 2021, and data from a total of 20 consecutively superficial pharyngeal cancers were analyzed. The primary outcome measure was the R0 resection rate. The ESD completion rate, en bloc resection rate, procedure time, and frequency of intraoperative and postoperative adverse events (AEs) were also evaluated as secondary outcome measures. Results Data from 16 patients with 20 lesions were included in the analysis. All of the lesions were successfully resected by ultrathin endoscope ESD, and the en bloc and R0 resection rates were 100 % and 85.0 % (17/20), respectively; the procedure time was 37.8 ± 28.2 minutes. No intraoperative or postoperative AEs were encountered in any cases. Conclusions ESD using an ultrathin endoscope is feasible for superficial pharyngeal cancers and has potential to be a safe and effective treatment option for these cancers.
Displaced vertices as probes of sterile neutrino mixing at the LHC

We investigate the reach at the LHC to probe light sterile neutrinos with displaced vertices. We focus on sterile neutrinos $N$ with masses $m_{N} \sim $ (5-30) GeV, that are produced in rare decays of the Standard Model gauge bosons and decay inside the inner trackers of the LHC detectors. With a strategy that triggers on the prompt lepton accompanying the $N$ displaced vertex and considers charged tracks associated to it, we show that the 13 TeV LHC with $3000$/fb is able to probe active-sterile neutrino mixings down to $|V_{lN}|^2\approx 10^{-9}$, with $l=e,\mu$, which is an improvement of up to four orders of magnitude when comparing with current experimental limits from trileptons and proposed lepton-jets searches. In the case when $\tau$ mixing is present, mixing angles as low as $|V_{\tau N}|^2 \approx 10^{-8}$ can be accessed.
Counteracting Immunosuppression in the Tumor Microenvironment by Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus and Cellular Immunotherapy

An apparent paradox exists between the evidence for spontaneous systemic T cell- mediated anti-tumor immune responses in cancer patients, observed particularly in their bone marrow, and local tumor growth in the periphery. This phenomenon, known as “concomitant immunity” suggests that the local tumor and its tumor microenvironment (TME) prevent systemic antitumor immunity to become effective. Oncolytic Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an agent with inherent anti-neoplastic and immune stimulatory properties, is capable of breaking therapy resistance and immunosuppression. This review updates latest information about immunosuppression by the TME and discusses mechanisms of how oncolytic viruses, in particular NDV, and cellular immunotherapy can counteract the immunosuppressive effect of the TME. With regard to cellular immunotherapy, the review presents pre-clinical studies of post-operative active-specific immunotherapy and of adoptive T cell-mediated therapy in immunocompetent mice. Memory T cell (MTC) transfer in tumor challenged T cell-deficient nu/nu mice demonstrates longevity and functionality of these cells. Graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) studies in mice demonstrate complete remission of late-stage disease including metastases and cachexia. T cell based immunotherapy studies with human cells in human tumor xenotransplanted NOD/SCID mice demonstrate superiority of bone marrow-derived as compared to blood-derived MTCs. Results from clinical studies presented include vaccination studies using two different types of NDV-modified cancer vaccine and a pilot adoptive T-cell mediated therapy study using re-activated bone marrow-derived cancer-reactive MTCs. As an example for what can be expected from clinical immunotherapy against tumors with an immunosuppressive TME, results from vaccination studies are presented from the aggressive brain tumor glioblastoma multiforme. The last decades of basic research in virology, oncology and immunology can be considered as a success story. Based on discoveries of these research areas, translational research and clinical studies have changed the way of treatment of cancer by introducing and including immunotherapy.
Applications of Finite Fields

1 Introduction to Finite Fields and Bases. - 2 Factoring Polynomials over Finite Fields. - 3 Construction of Irreducible Polynomials. - 4 Normal Bases. - 5 Optimal Normal Bases. - 6 The Discrete Logarithm Problem. - 7 Elliptic Curves over Finite Fields. - 8 Elliptic Curve Cryptosystems. - 9 Introduction to Algebraic Geometry. - 10 Codes From Algebraic Geometry. - Appendix - Other Applications.
Team Based Project Learning Model on The MBKM Course in The Department of Nonformal Education

The PISA ranking places Indonesia in 2019 at 74th, or the 6th bottom of the 79 countries surveyed. From this data alone, we can describe how low the cognitive abilities or intelligence of Indonesian students are. In the education curriculum, the government has designed special standards so that Indonesian students are increasingly trained in their cognitive abilities, and are increasingly able to solve problems well. Freedom to learn is an idea that gives freedom to educators and students in determining the learning system. The purpose of the declaration of independent learning is to create a meaningful education and emphasize aspects of skills and experiences in learning. The spirit brought by the concept of independent learning is the flexibility and freedom in designing and managing learning for educational actors, ranging from educational institutions, educators, to students. The main programs are: the ease of opening new study programs, changes to the accreditation system for higher lecturers, the convenience of state higher education institutions becoming state universities with legal entities, and the right to study for three semesters outside the study program. Students are given the freedom to take credits outside the study program, three semesters which are meant in the form of 1 semester of opportunity to take courses outside the study program and 2 semesters of participating in learning activities outside of higher education. Various forms of learning activities outside of tertiary institutions, including conducting internships/work practices in industry or other workplaces, implementing community service projects in villages, teaching in educational units, participating in student exchanges, conducting research, conducting entrepreneurial activities, conducting studies/ independent projects, and following humanitarian programs. All these activities must be carried out by students with guidance from the lecturer. The learning process at the Merdeka Campus is one of the most essential manifestations of student-centered learning. Learning in the Merdeka Campus provides challenges and opportunities for the development of innovation, creativity, capacity, personality, and student needs, as well as developing independence in seeking and finding knowledge through realities and field dynamics such as ability requirements, real problems, social interaction, collaboration, self-management, performance demands, targets and achievements. Through an independent learning program that is well designed and implemented, students' hard and soft skills will be formed strongly.