Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Photo‐Driven Semimetal–Semiconductor Field‐Effect Transistors

Photodetectors that can simultaneously exhibit high gain, fast response, and low dark current are of significant value in modern optoelectronic systems. However, the recently reported photovoltage‐driven phototransistors are encountering certain challenges to meet the above requirement. In this work, a “photo‐driven” semi‐metal–semiconductor field‐effect transistor (photo‐sMESFET), based on graphene/silicon‐on‐insulator hybrid structure, is proposed and demonstrated to realize the synchronous optimization of gain, response speed, and dark current. Taking advantage of the unique semimetal characteristics of graphene, a high‐quality Schottky junction between graphene and silicon is produced, which can greatly deplete the silicon channel and suppress dark current. After illumination, the photovoltage at graphene–silicon interface efficiently shrinks the depletion layer and tremendously enhances the channel conductance. Combined with the high transconductance of the silicon channel, the photo‐sMESFET exhibits a gain of more than 104, a fast response time (τ) of 3 µs, and a low dark current (Jd) of 2.5 µA. Furthermore, the figure of merit, GTD=(Gain×τ)/Jd\[{\rm{GTD}} = ({\rm{Gain}}{\bm{ \times }}\tau )/\sqrt {{J_d}} \] , evaluating the comprehensive performance on photodetectors, is up to 8 × 108 A1/2 cm s−1, which is superior to the counterparts of graphene‐based photodetectors. The results presented leverage a new detection strategy based on the semimetal–semiconductor photovoltaic effect.
Larvicidal Effect of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. Essential Oil Nanoemulsion on Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae)

Mosquitoes can be vectors of pathogens and transmit diseases to both animals and humans. Species of the genus Culex are part of the cycle of neglected diseases, especially Culex quinquefasciatus, which is an anthropophilic vector of lymphatic filariasis. Natural products can be an alternative to synthetic insecticides for vector control; however, the main issue is the poor water availability of some compounds from plant origin. In this context, nanoemulsions are kinetic stable delivery systems of great interest for lipophilic substances. The objective of this study was to investigate the larvicidal activity of the Hyptis suaveolens essential oil nanoemulsion on Cx. quinquefasciatus. The essential oil showed a predominance of monoterpenes with retention time (RT) lower than 15 min. The average size diameter of the emulsions (sorbitan monooleate/polysorbate 20) was ≤ 200 nm. The nanoemulsion showed high larvicidal activity in concentrations of 250 and 125 ppm. CL50 values were 102.41 (77.5253–149.14) ppm and 70.8105 (44.5282–109.811) ppm after 24 and 48 h, respectively. The mortality rate in the surfactant control was lower than 9%. Scanning micrograph images showed changes in the larvae’s integument. This study achieved an active nanoemulsion on Cx. quinquefasciatus through a low-energy-input technique and without using potentially toxic organic solvents. Therefore, it expands the scope of possible applications of H. suaveolens essential oil in the production of high-added-value nanosystems for tropical disease vector control.
SPECTRAL SHIFT FUNCTION OF THE SCHRÖDINGER OPERATOR IN THE LARGE COUPLING CONSTANT LIMIT. II. POSITIVE PERTURBATIONS

ABSTRACT For the operator −Δ in L 2 d , d ⪆ 1, a perturbation potential V(x) ⪆ 0, and a coupling constant α > 0, the spectral shift function is considered. Assuming that V(x) decays as |x|−l , l>d, for large x, we prove that the leading term of the asymptotics of the spectral shift function as α ⇒ ∞ has the form Cα d/l , where the coefficient C is explicitly computed. The asymptotics is in agreement with the phase space volume considerations. A generalization of this result is obtained by replacing −Δ by h(−Δ) for a class of functions h.
Two systems of mind reading? A critical analysis of the two-systems theory

Apperly and Butterfill's (2009) hold that there are two cognitive mind-reading systems. System 1(S1) is fast, automatic and inflexible, whereas system 2 (S2) is reflective, flexible and slow. This paper presents and discusses two central assumptions of this theory: the independence of S1 and S2 and the encapsulation of S1. It is argued that findings on longitudinal trajectories in infancy on the false belief test and visual perspective taking undermine the two-system theory in three respects: (1) S1 is not encapsulated, (2) S1 is not entirely automatic processing, and (3) S2 cognitive processes can be fast and efficient. The paper concludes that mindreading operates through different socio-cognitive processes that are gradually and continuously enriched during development, which eliminates the need for a two-system characterization.
Variable neighborhood search approach with intensified shake for monitor placement

Several problems are emerging in the context of communication networks and most of them must be solved in reduced computing time since they affect to critical tasks. In this research, the monitor placement problem is tackled. This problem tries to cover the communications of an entire network by locating a monitor in specific nodes of the network, in such a way that every link remains surveyed. In case that a solution cannot be generated in the allowed computing time, a penalty will be assumed for each link uncovered. The problem is addressed by considering the variable neighborhood search framework, proposing a novel constructive method, an intelligent local search to optimize the improvement phase, and an intensified shake to guide the search to more promising solutions. The proposed algorithm is compared with a hybrid search evolutionary algorithm over a set of instances derived from real‐life networks to prove its performance.
Behavior of a Self-Sustained Electromechanical Transducer and Routes to Chaos

This paper studies the dynamics of a self-sustained electromechanical transducer. The stability of fixed points in the linear response is examined. Their local bifurcations are investigated and different types of bifurcation likely to occur are found. Conditions for the occurrence of Hopf bifurcations are derived. Harmonic oscillatory solutions are obtained in both nonresonant and resonant cases. Their stability is analyzed in the resonant case. Various bifurcation diagrams associated to the largest one-dimensional (1-D) numerical Lyapunov exponent are obtained, and it is found that chaos can appear suddenly, through period doubling, period adding, or torus breakdown. The extreme sensitivity of the electromechanical system to both initial conditions and tiny variations of the coupling coefficients is also outlined. The experimental study of the electromechanical system is carried out. An appropriate electronic circuit (analog simulator) is proposed for the investigation of the dynamical behavior of the electromechanical system. Correspondences are established between the coefficients of the electromechanical system model and the components of the electronic circuit. Harmonic oscillatory solutions and phase portraits are obtained experimentally. One of the most important contributions of this work is to provide a set of reliable analytical expressions (formulas) describing the electromechanical system behavior. These formulas are of great importance for design engineers as they can be used to predict the states of the electromechanical systems and respectively to avoid their destruction. The reliability of the analytical formulas is demonstrated by the very good agreement with the results obtained by both the numeric and the experimental analysis.
Preliminary Phytochemical Studies, GC-MS Analysis, and Anti-Nephrototic Activity of Ethanol Extract of Phoenix dactylifera L

Date palm seeds (Phoenix dactylifera L.) are known to contain phenolic compounds that have the potential as natural nephroprotective agents. Phenolics with solvents suitable for polarity and compounds identified by phytochemical screening, GC-MS analysis, and activity assays. This research went through 3 stages, screening with exploration and qualitative analysis of GCMS. The anti-nephrotoxic activity test used a pre-posttest controlled group design. In this study, rats have divided into six groups, namely Healthy control, negative control, and three treatment groups with ethanol extract of dates 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg. Mice were induced with 1% carrageenan twice a week. On macroscopic observation, date palm seeds are oval with indentations and light brown with a hard texture. Microscopic profile, endosperm, parenchyma, endocarp, stone cells, collenchyma, starch, oil cells, and carrier bundles. Physicochemical analysis, water content (8%), ash content (1.15%), fiber content (14.96%), and ethanol soluble extract content (10.3%). GC-MS analysis showed phenol,2,6-bis(1,1-dimethyl ethyl)-4-methyl, 1,2-benzene dicarboxylic, and dihydromethyl jasmonate. A dose extract ethanol of 600 mg/kg BW reduces urea and creatinine levels up to 8,3 mg/dl and 0.132 mg/dl. The conclusion of the phytochemical study obtained a pharmacognostic profile. The GCMS analysis obtained the compound. The activity of the ethanol extract of date palm seeds can reduce urea and creatinine levels so that it developed as an anti-nephrotoxic alternative from natural ingredients.
Admissions to the Emergency Department Due to Atrial Fibrillation/Atrial Flutter Incidents during the Third Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic

(1) Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection increases the risk of atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF/AFL) incident. The study aimed to present the characteristics of admissions to the emergency department (ED) due to AF/AFL incidents during the third COVID-19 pandemic wave. (2) Methods: A retrospective analysis of the medical records of the ED patients: 8399 during 3 months of the second and 11,144 during the 3 months of the third pandemic wave. (3) Results: SARS-CoV-2 positive patients there were 295 (3.5%) during the second wave and 692 (6.2%) during the third wave (p < 0.001). Among patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, there were 44 (14.9%) patients with known AF/AFL during the second wave and 75 (10.8%) during the third wave, respectively (0.07). There were 116 visits with a diagnosis of AF/AFL incident during the third wave (study group) and 76 visits during the second wave (control group). The SARS-CoV-2 test was positive in 11 (9.5%) visits in the study group and in 1 (1.3%) visit in the control group p = 0.047. During the third wave, the patients with AF/AFL incidents with positive tests were older and more often had new-onset AF/AFL than those with negative tests: 76.3 (13.2) years vs. 71.8 (12.6) years; and 4 (36.4%) patients vs. 7 (7.6%) patients, respectively. (5) Conclusions: During the third pandemic wave, the number of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection increased in comparison to the second wave. Additionally, among patients with AF/AFL incidents, the percentage of SARS-CoV-2-positive patients increased. During the third wave, the patients with positive tests and AF/AFL incident were older and more often had new-onset AF/AFL than those with AF/AFL incident and negative test which indicate the arrhythmogenic effect at the onset of the disease, especially in the older population.
The Two Stage Cascaded Coupled Inductor Circuits for High Voltage Gain through DC-DC Converter for Electric Vehicle

This paper presents about two-stage cascaded coupled inductor circuits for high voltage gain DC-DC converter. This is with an integrated magnetic structure that boosts converter, is very much suitable for solar medium power application and cascaded of two coupled inductor circuit components have to reduced copper loss inductor to excellent copper conductors. The two stage-coupled inductors are being designed by PSIM software with an integrated magnetic structure, which produces a high voltage of 626 V from the PV input voltage of 60V and a high voltage gain DC-DC converter circuit output power is 4.88 KW with the efficiency of 99.20% to drive the electric vehicle.
Integrated intracavity quasi-phase-matched second harmonic generation based on periodically poled Nd:LiTaO3

Integrated intracavity quasi-phase-matched second harmonic generation (QPM-SHG) has been demonstrated in a periodically domain inverted Nd:LiTaO3 crystal which functions simultaneously as a gain and nonlinear medium. Lasing at 1.082 μm and simultaneous QPM-SHG at 541 nm has been established by pumping near 806 nm. The effect of doping on the domain reversal voltage of LiTaO3 and the photorefractive effect have also been investigated. It is found that optical damage can be avoided by heating above 80 °C.
An ecosemiotic dimension of folklore: Reframing the concept of place-lore

Place-lore, which has been systematically collected and archived in Estonia since the 19th century, is a part of various national, communal and institutional practices. Until now, Estonian researchers have resorted to conceptualizing place-lore from the perspective of archival texts, and the focus has been on collecting and archiving the material. At the same time, theoretical study of place-lore has remained in the background. In the article I approach place-lore from the perspective of ecosemiotics and suggest a new definition of place-lore that is based on semiotic relations these narratives have with the environment they represent. Outlining different ways of how vernacular tradition and the environment it represents are semiotically related, and analysing the ways in which these relations are expressed in place-related folklore allows seeing how place-lore can be defined through (1) localizability, (2) representation of the characteristics of a place, and (3) manifestation of place experience. Defining place-lore and presenting the preliminary conceptual tools is much needed in practical collection work and archiving and serves as an important prerequisite for studying the placerelated folklore in the context of contemporary challenges, such as changing textual practices, cultural disruptions, and environmental crisis. Examples are drawn from folklore associated with mires, specifically from narratives about the Kakerdaja Bog in northern Estonia.
Microglia and Cholesterol Handling: Implications for Alzheimer’s Disease

Cholesterol is essential for brain function and structure, however altered cholesterol metabolism and transport are hallmarks of multiple neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The well-established link between apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype and increased AD risk highlights the importance of cholesterol and lipid transport in AD etiology. Whereas more is known about the regulation and dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism and transport in neurons and astrocytes, less is known about how microglia, the immune cells of the brain, handle cholesterol, and the subsequent implications for the ability of microglia to perform their essential functions. Evidence is emerging that a high-cholesterol environment, particularly in the context of defects in the ability to transport cholesterol (e.g., expression of the high-risk APOE4 isoform), can lead to chronic activation, increased inflammatory signaling, and reduced phagocytic capacity, which have been associated with AD pathology. In this narrative review we describe how cholesterol regulates microglia phenotype and function, and discuss what is known about the effects of statins on microglia, as well as highlighting areas of future research to advance knowledge that can lead to the development of novel therapies for the prevention and treatment of AD.
Spending Money in Free-to-Play Games: Sociodemographic Characteristics, Motives, Impulsivity and Internet Gaming Disorder Specificities

Free-to-Play games (F2P) have spread widely all over the world in recent years. The current economic model for these games is based on microtransactions, where gamers can purchase additional items or services inside the game. The aim of the present study was (1) to describe the profiles and gaming patterns of F2P gamers, and (2) to compare F2P gamers who spend money and those who do not, in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, gaming experience, motivations, impulsivity, and risk of Internet gaming disorder (IGD), in a representative sample of 5062 French online gamers. Among the total sample, 68.6% were past-year F2P gamers. Among the F2P gamers, 26.1% had spent money in the game. Spending in the game was strongly associated with IGD (6.9% of F2P gamers were disordered gamers). Flow (gaming experience) and escape (motivation) were strongly associated with spending in the game and IGD. Negative urgency (impulsivity) was positively associated with spending in the game while positive urgency was positively associated with IGD. Given the strong association between spending in the game and IGD, these results highlight the importance of prevention and regulation in the field.
Multimodal Feedback in Assisting a Wearable Brain-Computer Interface Based on Motor Imagery

A multimodal sensory feedback was exploited in the present study to improve the detection of neurological phenomena associated with motor imagery. At this aim, visual and haptic feedback were simultaneously delivered to the user of a brain-computer interface. The motor imagery-based brain-computer interface was built by using a wearable and portable electroencephalograph with only eight dry electrodes, a haptic suit, and a purposely implemented virtual reality application. Preliminary experiments were carried out with six subjects participating in five sessions on different days. The subjects were randomly divided into “control group” and “neurofeedback group”. The former performed pure motor imagery without receiving any feedback, while the latter received multimodal feedback as a response to their imaginative act. Results of a cross validation showed that at most 61% of classification accuracy was achieved in performing the pure motor imagination. On the contrary, subjects of the “neurofeedback group” achieved up to 82% mean accuracy, with a peak of 91% in one of the sessions. However, no improvement in pure motor imagery was observed, either when practicing with pure motor imagery or with feedback.
Necessary and sufficient conditions for isolated local minima of nonsmooth functions

We consider the mathematical programming problem: find $\inf \{ f(x)\mid x \in C\} $ where f is an arbitrary extended-real-valued function, and C a subset of a finite dimensional space. We give necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for this problem, generalizing previous results of A. Auslendex (this Journal, 22 (1984), pp. 239–254).
Design of Rectangular Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G Applications at 27GHz

In this digital creation of the 5G communication system, high-speed data, and greater bandwidth are the common needs. Hence, a simple structure of inset feed rectangular microstrip patch antenna is presented initially for 5G applications with a resonance frequency of 27 GHz. Later, a rectangular slot is introduced in the proposed microstrip patch antenna. This inclusion of slot results from an additional enhancement in the bandwidth as much as 1.51 GHz and acceptable return loss of -15.28 dB, appreciable VSWR of 1.41, and significant directivity of 8dBi. All the simulations and analyses are done using CST studio software and also compared with similar works. Although fabrication has not been done at this stage, we believe that this simple slotted rectangular patch structure will be a potential candidate for a 5G antenna operating at 27GHz.
Silicon dopant imaging by dissipation force microscopy

Noncontact damping of a cantilever vibrating near a silicon surface was used to measure localized electrical dissipation. The dependence of the damping on tip-sample distance, applied voltage, carrier mobility, and dopant density was studied for n- and p-type silicon samples with dopant densities of 1014–1018 cm−3. Dopant imaging with 150 nm spatial resolution was demonstrated.
Ontology Completion with Graph-Based Machine Learning: A Comprehensive Evaluation

Increasing quantities of semantic resources offer a wealth of human knowledge, but their growth also increases the probability of wrong knowledge base entries. The development of approaches that identify potentially spurious parts of a given knowledge base is therefore highly relevant. We propose an approach for ontology completion that transforms an ontology into a graph and recommends missing edges using structure-only link analysis methods. By systematically evaluating thirteen methods (some for knowledge graphs) on eight different semantic resources, including Gene Ontology, Food Ontology, Marine Ontology, and similar ontologies, we demonstrate that a structure-only link analysis can offer a scalable and computationally efficient ontology completion approach for a subset of analyzed data sets. To the best of our knowledge, this is currently the most extensive systematic study of the applicability of different types of link analysis methods across semantic resources from different domains. It demonstrates that by considering symbolic node embeddings, explanations of the predictions (links) can be obtained, making this branch of methods potentially more valuable than black-box methods.
A New Type of Antiferromagnetic Structure in the Rutile Type Crystal

A new type of antiferromagnetic spin arrangement, which is theoretically possible in the rutile type crystal and seems to be realized in polianite, MnO 2 , is proposed. This spin arrangement, which will be named the screw-type structure , consists of spins screwing along the four-fold crystalline axis. The stability ranges of this and other spin structures are studied, assuming three different exchange interactions. The magnetic properties of the screw-type structure, including the anisotropy energy due to dipolar interaction and that due to crystalline field, the susceptibility, the spin waves, and the neutron diffraction pattern, are studied. Neutron diffraction data for polianite obtained by Erickson (unpublished) can well be accounted for by the screw-type structure with a pitch of (7/2) c . The magnetic properties of the MnO 2 crystal are discussed on the basis of this 7/2-pitch-structure.
Density functional theory study of deep traps in silicon nitride memories

Using density functional theory, the interaction of hydrogen with a nitrogen vacancy in β-Si3N4 is investigated. A single H atom was found to be energetically favorable over non- and doubly protonated vacancies. The traps composed of excess silicon and hydrogen have negative correlation energy which is connected with different distances of Si–H and Si–Si bonds in charged and neutral states. The energy gains after trapping are consistent with trap activation energies in advanced silicon nitride memories. Based on the present results, a model of memory traps is proposed.
Sonoporation of monolayer cells by diagnostic ultrasound activation of contrast‐agent gas bodies

Fluorescent dextran (500 kD) uptake by sonoporation was observed after 1‐min ultrasound exposure of human (A431 epidermoid carcinoma) and mouse (strain L connective tissue) cell monolayers in the presence of 1% Optison ultrasound contrast agent (Mallinckrodt, Inc.). Ultrasound exposure was provided by a 3.5‐MHz array (Acoustic Imaging model 5200B, Dornier Medical Systems) operated in the spectral Doppler mode (5‐s pulses, 4.4‐kHz PRF). The array was mounted in a 37 °C water bath and aimed upward 7 cm away at a 1‐mm‐thick chamber with the monolayer grown on the upper 5‐m‐thick mylar window. For a water path, up to about 10% of the cells in a rectangular 0.37‐mm2 observation area (smaller than the −3 dB beam width) exhibited fluorescent dextran uptake for the high‐power setting. For exposure with a 6‐cm tissue‐mimicking phantom, which approximated a −0.3 dB/cm/MHz derating factor, some fluorescent cells were noted even for low power (0.25 MPa p‐, 0.13 MI) increasing to about 4%–8% at high power. These re.