Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heated Behaviour in the Classroom for Children with FASD: The Relationship between Characteristics Associated with ADHD, ODD and ASD, Hot Executive Function and Classroom Based Reward Systems

Possession of characteristics related to Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder, Oppositional Defiance Disorder, and Autism Spectrum Disorder in children prenatally exposed to alcohol contributes to challenges within the diagnostic pathway for Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD). The presentation of these characteristics, though problematic for the children affected, may not result in referral for diagnosis; focusing on diagnostic thresholds masks the dimensional nature of these characteristics. Children with traits which are undiagnosed may not receive effective support and are often identified as exhibiting challenging behaviour. In the UK, children with undiagnosed Special Educational Needs (SEN) are more likely to experience school exclusion. Common across each condition are challenges to executive function associated with emotional regulation (hot-executive function). This study explored the relationship between characteristics of Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder, Oppositional Defiance Disorder, Autistic-Like Traits, and hot executive functions on the helpfulness of reward-based interventions for children with suspected or diagnosed FASD. Data were collected online using caregiver referral questionnaire screeners for each measure (Child Autism Quotient Questionnaire, Vanderbilt ADHD Parental Rating Scale and The Childhood Executive Functioning Inventory) for children aged 6–12 years with suspected or diagnosed FASD (n = 121). Between-group comparisons showed no significant difference in the reporting of Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder characteristics, Oppositional Defiance Disorder characteristics, Autistic-Like Traits, and executive function, regardless of diagnostic state. Multiple regression analyses indicated that these personality characteristics and executive functions were associated with the perception of the reward system helpfulness. However, this pattern was qualified by both the type of hot executive function challenged (significant for Regulation not Inhibition) and whether the child had an FASD diagnosis. Thus, a dimensional approach may strengthen our understanding of the child’s classroom experience and help overcome barriers to effective intervention and support.
A model predictive control strategy based on predicted mean vote for a building HVAC system

This thesis proposes a design of a supervisory model predictive controller for a heating-ventilation-air-conditioning (HVAC) control system. The control objective is to minimize the operating cost and take into account of electrical load shaving and thermal comfort of users. To ensure that thermal comfort is well regulated, we utilize the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) as an indicator and determine an acceptable bound of a desired set-point temperature. The control design consists of two layers, namely, a supervisory control (SC) layer and a model predictive control (MPC) layer. For the SC layer, we explore a configuration including the choice of predesign controller, the analysis of steady-state response, and the possible range of the set-point temperature. We incorporate the effect of set-point temperature, air velocity, outside air temperature, heat load inside zone onto the HVAC electrical power. Then, we search for an optimal profile of the set-point temperature that minimizes a weighted sum of a total operating cost (TOC) and a thermal comfort cost (TCC). Moreover, exploration of trade-off between TOC and TCC helps us to achieve both control objectives efficiently. For the MPC layer, we formulate the control design with the objective of tracking the optimal set-point temperature and minimizing the control inputs. We apply the proposed control design to a complex dynamical model of HVAC system with volumetric flow rate, electrical power of heat exchanger, and removed moisture as control variables and test with various weather conditions. When the allowable PMV of the zone is specified within a certain comfort level, the TOC of the proposed supervisory MPC is significantly reduced compared with that of the nominal operation. The maximum electricity demand of HVAC system is reduced and the electrical power profile is smoothly shaved. Furthermore, the zone relative humidity is well regulated and corresponds to the operating condition of the SC layer.
Assessment and associated factors of comprehensive HIV knowledge in an at-risk population: a cross-sectional study from 19,286 young persons in Nigeria

Background: The prevalence of HIV among young people aged 15–19 years in Nigeria is estimated as 3.5%, the highest among West and Central African countries. Comprehensive knowledge of HIV is associated with increased awareness of preventive interventions and a reduction in the spread of HIV. Therefore, this article seeks to assess and determine the associated factors of comprehensive HIV knowledge among youths in Nigeria. Methods: The study used the 2018 Nigerian Demographic Health Survey, a cross-sectional survey that employed a two-stage cluster sampling method. Comprehensive knowledge of HIV was assessed based on five questions. The data were analysed separately for men and women aged 15–24 years. A multivariable log-binomial regression model was used to determine factors associated with comprehensive HIV knowledge. All analysis was performed using Stata 15.0 and adjusted for weighting, clustering and stratification. Results: A total of 15,267 women and 4019 men aged 15–24 years were included in this study. The prevalence of comprehensive knowledge of HIV was higher among women than among men (42.6% versus 33.7%; p < 0.001) and lower among younger ages 15–17 years compared with other ages. The findings revealed that age, ethnicity, wealth, education and exposure to mass media were statistically significant factors associated with comprehensive knowledge of HIV. In addition, religion, place of residence, phone ownership, internet use, currently working and having initiated sex were significant factors among women and modern contraceptive use among men. Conclusion: Key findings from this study imply that public health programmes in Nigeria should focus on providing information on HIV/AIDS using different approaches, including comprehensive sex education as well as health promotion and education strategies in the formal and informal sectors. Because media exposure is a common and cost-effective way of public health promotion and education in modern times, emphasis could also be placed on using this channel to reach the target population.
Relationships between Abdominal and Around-Lip Muscle Activities and Acoustic Features when Playing the Trumpet

When playing the trumpet, embouchure and breath control are the most important factors in achieving stable performance. To investigate these factors in greater detail, we asked 11 amateur trumpet performers to play tones of different pitches, intensities, and durations and analyzed the variations of the activities of their abdominal muscles and the muscles around their lips, which were measured via surface electromyography at the participants’ abdominal oblique muscle (AOM) and depressor anguli oris muscle (DAO). The measurements were conducted during the periods of preparing and sustaining the tones. Our main experimental results are as follows. (1) As the pitch increased, the activities of both the DAO muscle and AOM increased during both the preparation and sustain periods. (2) As the intensity increased, only the activity AOM increased in both periods. (3) As the tone length increased, the AOM activity increased, while the DAO muscle was not affected. (4) The DAO muscle and AOM activities were lower and higher, respectively, during the sustain period than they were during the preparation period.
Group intervention for acquired writing disorders in aphasia

ABSTRACT Background One-to-one rehabilitation therapy is effective in supporting people with moderate and severe aphasia to improve their written spelling with the aim of using writing to augment limited spoken language abilities. To date, there has been little exploration of therapy for dysgraphia in a group format. Aims The present study was designed to evaluate treatment outcomes for impairment-based group therapy for dysgraphia supplemented with home practice exercises. Methods & Procedures Three individuals with very severe, severe and moderate aphasia engaged in eight group sessions of impairment-based spelling therapy incorporating game formats. Outcome measures included written naming of trained and untrained words and carer ratings for communicative effectiveness and functional use of writing. Outcomes and Results All participants made gains in their written accuracy. Carer ratings also indicated an increased use of writing and/or communicative effectiveness following intervention. Conclusions A group format, embedding written naming in a social context can be a successful means of delivering impairment-based therapy for dysgraphia.
How do students see the role of serious games in education?

Grabbing and holding student attention was a big challenge even before the Covid- 19 era; however, the coronavirus and the obligatory digital education showed that new methods are needed to resolve these issues. One of them could be implementation of digital serious games. This paper presents the findings of a questionnaire about the feelings of students toward digital serious games. In all, 1755 answers were collected and analyzed and the results showed that most students do not shy away from using these kinds of video games in a classroom environment, although there are various concerns and key aspects educational professionals must consider.
Bt cotton and modern insecticide adoption decreases Helicoverpa spp. population recruitment in a subtropical cropping system

Extensive crop sampling for Helicoverpa spp. pupae was undertaken (2017–2021) to provide insights as to how pest population dynamics have altered in a subtropical cropping system following the introduction of transgenic Bt cotton and newer generation insecticides for pulse production. Previously (1996–1999), a pattern of year‐round population cycling and build‐up was identified to occur between summer cotton (non‐Bt) and winter chickpea, enabled by widespread resistance to broad‐spectrum insecticides used at the time. Current pupae sampling was unable to recover pupae from Bt cotton, suggesting this crop had become a population sink rather than a source for Helicoverpa spp. Pupae were less abundant in pulses, with monthly counts varying from 0 to 3192/ha in chickpea being a fraction of previous densities that ranged from 10,000 to 100,000/ha whilst pupae were not detected in mungbean crops. Poor survival (0%–39.5%) of pupae collected from chickpea, likely due to sub‐lethal insecticide exposure during the larval stage, further limited population recruitment. The highest densities of pupae (up to 18,666/ha) were routinely recovered from unsprayed pigeon pea grown as refuges for Bt cotton resistance management, although Tachinid spp. parasitoids caused increasing pupal mortality with refuge age. This study suggests that the high control efficacy afforded by transgenic Bt traits incorporated into cotton and newer insecticides used on pulse crops has provided a form of area‐wide management that may explain suppression of Helicoverpa spp. pupae densities compared to levels previously recorded across the cropping system.
Mechanical Properties of Graphene Networks under Compression: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Molecular dynamics simulation is used to study and compare the mechanical properties obtained from compression and tension numerical tests of multilayered graphene with an increased interlayer distance. The multilayer graphene with an interlayer distance two-times larger than in graphite is studied first under biaxial compression and then under uniaxial tension along three different axes. The mechanical properties, e.g., the tensile strength and ductility as well as the deformation characteristics due to graphene layer stacking, are studied. The results show that the mechanical properties along different directions are significantly distinguished. Two competitive mechanisms are found both for the compression and tension of multilayer graphene—the crumpling of graphene layers increases the stresses, while the sliding of graphene layers through the surface-to-surface connection lowers it. Multilayer graphene after biaxial compression can sustain high tensile stresses combined with high plasticity. The main outcome of the study of such complex architecture is an important step towards the design of advanced carbon nanomaterials with improved mechanical properties.
Passenger transport decarbonization in emerging economies: policy lessons from modelling long-term deep decarbonization pathways

Reaching the goal of the Paris Agreement will not be possible without a deep decarbonization of the passenger transport sector. In emerging economies experiencing rapid economic growth and social transformations, and large-scale development of urban areas and associated infrastructure, opportunities and challenges exist when considering a broader set of mitigation options. In this paper, we apply the Deep Decarbonization Pathways (DDP) approach to develop and report scenarios on the passenger transport sector in Brazil, India, Indonesia, and South Africa. This approach supports an increase in the sectoral ambition of covering all drivers of change in transport mobility and facilitating collective comparison and policy discussions on the barriers and enablers of transitions. The scenario analysis illustrates that all four countries can achieve reductions in emissions per passenger kilometres of 59% and up to 92% by 2050 while meeting growing mobility needs. Lastly, the analysis identi ﬁ es short-term policy needed to address barriers and promote enablers.
Fault pattern recognition for electromotor rolling bearings based on mathematical morphology sectionalized fractal dimension

Roller bearing is one of the most widely used and easily damaged elements in rotating machineries.Fractal dimensions can effectively describe the complexity and irregularity of bearing vibrating signals. Fractal dimension based on mathematical morphology has advantages of higher calculating speed and accuracy,it can be used to distinguish roller bearing statuses and estimate its fault behavior accurately. The calculating method of mathematical morphological fractal dimension was presented here. In a procedure of calculating fractal dimension,it lacked a guidance to choose the length of a flat structural element. In allusion to this issue,a new calculating method for sectionalized fractal dimension based on mathematical morpohology was proposed here. This method was adopted to analyze the measured vibration signals with information of different faults of roller bearings. The results showed that the proposed method improves the scientificness and preciseness of calculating fractal dimensions and it is effective for roller bearing fault pattern recognition.
Impact of morphology on the magnetic and optical properties of cobalt sulfide

Cobalt sulfide (CoS) with different morphologies was synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method by varying the ratio of the solvents (water and ethylenediamine). X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the formation of the hexagonal CoS phase. FE-SEM and HR-TEM studies revealed the formation of “star-flower,” “ball,” and “fuzzy-ball” like morphologies. The bandgap energies were found to be in the order “star-flower” ˃ “ball” ˃ “fuzzy-ball”, as found from the UV-DRS spectra, reflecting the influence of morphology on the band structure of CoS. Field- and temperature-dependent magnetic studies revealed the room-temperature paramagnetic nature of all CoS samples. Low-temperature magnetic studies revealed an exciting transition from the canted antiferromagnetic spin system to a weak ferromagnetic system due to peculiar morphologies. Magnetic studies also showed that weak ferromagnetism prevails in more surface-disordered CoS systems and that the sample with “ball-shaped” morphology has the highest coercivity (0.184 kOe) and the highest magnetic anisotropy. Graphical abstract
Gender and Nightshift Work: A Cross Sectional Study on Sleep Quality and Daytime Somnolence

A few studies suggested that female nightshift workers suffer more frequently from sleep deprivation and insomnia. We conducted a cross-sectional survey in two different occupational settings to address gender-related differences in nightshift work adaptation. We used the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaires to quantify daytime sleepiness and sleep quality among 156 workers, 91 from a ceramic tile factory and 65 healthcare workers, including hospital doctors, nurses, and nurse assistants. Seventy-three percent of participants (40 women and 74 men) were engaged in nightshift work. We used logistic regression analysis to predict daytime sleepiness and poor sleep quality as a function of personal and lifestyle variables and nightshift work. The female gender showed a strong association with both daytime sleepiness and poor sleep quality. Results were also suggestive of an increase in the risk of daytime sleepiness associated with nightshift work and being married. Our results confirm that women are especially vulnerable to sleep disruption. Promoting adaptation to nightshift work requires special attention towards gender issues.
Dynamic Hardware Redundancy Approaches Towards Improving Service Availability in Fog Computing

—The distributed nature of fog computing is designed to alleviate bottleneck traffic congestion which happens when a massive number of devices try to connect to more powerful computing resources simultaneously. Fog computing focuses on bringing data processing geographically closer to data source utilizing existing computing resources such as routers and switches. This heterogeneity nature of fog computing is an important feature and a challenge at the same time. To enhance fog computing availability with such nature, several studies have been conducted using different methods such as placement policies and scheduling algorithms. This paper proposes a fog computing model that includes an extra layer of duplex management system. This layer is designated for operating fog managers and warm spares to ensure higher availability for such a geographically disseminated paradigm. A Markov chain is utilized to calculate the probabilities of each possible state in the proposed model along with availability analysis. By utilizing the standby system, we were able to increase the availability to 93%.
Comments on "Analysis of elliptical microstrip patch antenna considering attachment mode"

For original article by Jung and Seo, see IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. , vol.50, p.888-90 (2002). The paper by Jung and Seo presented a moment method solution of an elliptical patch antenna with emphasis on inclusion of the attachment mode around the probe/patch junction. In this comment, Deshpande points out that very similar work on the elliptical microstrip antenna was published by Bailey and Deshpande (1985), and a comparison is given.
Microbial and Biochemical Profile of Different Types of Greek Table Olives

Analysis of table olives microbiome using next-generation sequencing has enriched the available information about the microbial community composition of this popular fermented food. In this study, 16S and 18S rRNA sequencing was performed on table olives of five Greek popular cultivars, Halkidikis, Thassou, Kalamon, Amfissis, and Konservolia, fermented either by Greek style (in brine or salt-drying) or by Spanish style, in order to evaluate their microbial communities. Moreover, analytical methods were used to evaluate their biochemical properties. The prevailing bacterial species of all olives belonged to Lactobacillaceae, Leuconostocaceae, and Erwiniaceae families, while the most abundant yeasts were of the Pichiaceae family. Principal coordinates analysis showed a clustering of samples cured by salt-drying and of samples stored in brine, regardless of their cultivar. The biochemical evaluation of total phenol content, antioxidant activity, hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein, oleocanthal, and oleacein showed that salt-dried olives had low amounts of hydroxytyrosol, while Spanish-style green olives had the highest amounts of oleocanthal. All the other values exhibited various patterns, implying that more than one factor affects the biochemical identity of the final product. The protocols applied in this study can provide useful insights for the final product, both for the producers and the consumers.
Improving the Performance of Piezoelectric Inertia Motors

A model based design approach for improved piezoelectric inertia motors is presented. Three velocityoptimized movement patterns for the driving body have been derived. The influence of the motor parameters and the process of designing an application specific motor with maximum velocity are shown. A simple dynamic model of the piezoelectric actuator is used to calculate the voltage signal for achieving the desired movement pattern. Observed distortions of the optimum pattern, their influence on the motion of the driven body and different methods to reduce them are discussed.
Shape Resonance Locations and Widths in Atomic Photoionization

The large enhancement of the normalization constants and the rapid variation of the phase shifts in low-energy continuum wave functions due to screening can lead to a shape resonance in the photoionization total cross-sections. We investigate the location of the resonance by using the variations of the phase shift and the normalization with respect to the continuum energies and compare the result with an estimate from a direct numerical computation of the total crosssections. We analyze the shape resonance width by using the Breit-Wigner resonance formula. We also discuss the shape resonance energy by using the semiclassical WKB approximation, considering the shape resonance as a quasi-bound state. It has been shown that the nonrelativistic Coulomb dipole matrix elements for radiative transitions are always positive and decrease monotonically as the transition energy increases [1{3]. However, the realistic dipole matrix element can often have a dierent sign and does not vary monotonically as the energy increase. In the Coulomb approximation, the eective
A Kind of Peak Load Forecasting Method Based on Fuzzy Support Vector and It's Parameter Optimization

The shortcomings of current used methods in load forecasting of power systems.A fuzzy support vector kernel regression method is presented.A multi-parametes synchronous optimization is also presented to enhance the effectivemess of the method.Experiments based on power system data show that this kind of kernel regression method brings lower error,can avoid over fitting effectively,no need to design nueral net-structure,and use fewer time than artificial nueral network.It seems to be the most promising one and has some more applied value.