Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE ALLWISE MOTION SURVEY, PART 2

We use the AllWISE Data Release to continue our search for Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE)-detected motions. In this paper, we publish another 27,846 motion objects, bringing the total number to 48,000 when objects found during our original AllWISE motion survey are included. We use this list, along with the lists of confirmed WISE-based motion objects from the recent papers by Luhman and by Schneider et al., and candidate motion objects from the recent paper by Gagné et al., to search for widely separated, common-proper-motion systems. We identify 1039 such candidate systems. All 48,000 objects are further analyzed using color–color and color–mag plots to provide possible characterizations prior to spectroscopic follow-up. We present spectra of 172 of these, supplemented with new spectra of 23 comparison objects from the literature, and provide classifications and physical interpretations of interesting sources. Highlights include: (1) the identification of three G/K dwarfs that can be used as standard candles to study clumpiness and grain size in nearby molecular clouds because these objects are currently moving behind the clouds, (2) the confirmation/discovery of several M, L, and T dwarfs and one white dwarf whose spectrophotometric distance estimates place them 5–20 pc from the Sun, (3) the suggestion that the Na i “D” line be used as a diagnostic tool for interpreting and classifying metal-poor late-M and L dwarfs, (4) the recognition of a triple system including a carbon dwarf and late-M subdwarf, for which model fits of the late-M subdwarf (giving [Fe/H] ≈ −1.0) provide a measured metallicity for the carbon star, and (5) a possible 24 pc distant K5 dwarf + peculiar red L5 system with an apparent physical separation of 0.1 pc.
Evaluation of primary allied healthcare in patients recovering from COVID-19: first results after six months follow-up in a Dutch nationwide prospective cohort study

Objectives: To report the recovery of patients receiving primary allied healthcare after a COVID-19 infection at a six-month follow-up, and to explore which patient characteristics are associated with the changes in outcomes between the baseline and six-month follow-up. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Allied healthcare in Dutch primary care. Participants: 1,452 adult patients recovering from COVID-19 and receiving treatment from one or more primary care allied health professional(s) (i.e., dietitian, exercise therapist, occupational therapist, physical therapist and/or speech and language therapist). Results: For participation (USER-P range 0 to 100), estimated mean differences of at least 2.3 points were observed after six months. For HRQoL (EQ-VAS range 0 to 100), the mean increase was 12.31 at six months. Furthermore, significant improvements were found for fatigue (FSS range 1 to 7): the mean decrease was -0.7 at six months. For physical functioning (PROMIS-PF range 13.8 to 61.3), the mean increase was 5.9 at six months. Mean differences of -0.8 for anxiety (HADS range 0 to 21), and -1.5 for depression (HADS range 0 to 21), were found after six months. A better baseline score, hospital admission and male sex were associated with a positive change in score between the baseline and six-month follow-up, whereas age, BMI, comorbidities and smoking status were not associated with mean changes in any outcome measure. Conclusions: Patients recovering from COVID-19 who receive primary allied healthcare make progress in recovery, but still experience many limitations in their daily activities after six months. Our findings provide reference values to healthcare providers and healthcare policy-makers regarding what to expect from the recovery of patients who received health care from one or more primary care allied health professionals. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov registry (NCT04735744).
Position-momentum uncertainty relations based on moments of arbitrary order

The position-momentum uncertainty-like inequality based on moments of arbitrary order for d-dimensional quantum systems, which is a generalization of the celebrated Heisenberg formulation of the uncertainty principle, is improved here by use of the Renyi-entropy-based uncertainty relation. The accuracy of the resulting lower bound is physico-computationally analyzed for the two main prototypes in d-dimensional physics: the hydrogenic and oscillator-like systems.
Production of charm quark/antiquark pairs at LHC

We discuss charm production at LHC. The production of single $c \bar c$ pairs is calculated in the $k_t$-factorization approach. We use several unintegrated gluon distributions from the literature. The hadronization is included with the help of fragmentation functions found for the production of charmed mesons in $e^+ e^-$ collisions. Differential distributions for several charmed mesons are presented and compared to recent results of the ALICE and LHCb collaborations. Furthermore we discuss production of two pairs of $c \bar c$ within a simple formalism of double-parton scattering (DPS). Surprisingly large cross sections, comparable to single-parton scattering (SPS) contribution, are predicted for LHC energies. Both total inclusive cross section as a function of energy and differential distributions are shown. We include recently discussed evolution of double partons in the case of two scales. We discuss perspectives how to identify the double scattering contribution. We find much larger cross section for large rapidity distance between charm quarks from different hard parton scatterings compared to single scattering.
MULTIBAND NONTHERMAL RADIATIVE PROPERTIES OF HESS J1813-178

The source HESS J1813-178 was detected in a survey of the inner Galaxy in TeV γ-rays, and a composite supernova remnant (SNR) G12.8-0.0 was identified in the radio band to be associated with it. The pulsar wind nebula (PWN) embedded in the SNR is powered by an energetic pulsar PSR J1813-1749, which was recently discovered. Whether the TeV γ-rays originate from the SNR shell or the PWN is currently uncertain. We theoretically investigate the multiwavelength nonthermal radiation from the composite SNR G12.8-0.0. The emission from the particles accelerated in the SNR shell is calculated by applying a semianalytical method to the nonlinear diffusive shock acceleration mechanism. In the model, the magnetic field is self-generated via resonant streaming instability, and the dynamical reaction of the field on the shock is taken into account. Based on a model which couples the dynamical and radiative evolution of a PWN in a non-radiative SNR, the dynamics and the multiband emission of the PWN are investigated. The particles are injected with the spectrum of a relativistic Maxwellian plus a power-law high-energy tail with an index of −2.5. Our results indicate that the radio emission from the shell can be reproduced well as synchrotron radiation of the electrons accelerated by the SNR shock; with an interstellar medium number density of 1.4 cm−3 for the remnant, the γ-ray emission from the SNR shell is insignificant and the observed X-rays and very high energy (VHE) γ-rays from the source are consistent with the emission produced by electrons/positrons injected in the PWN via synchrotron radiation and inverse Compton scattering, respectively; the resulting γ-ray flux for the shell is comparable to the detected one, only with a relatively larger density of about 2.8 cm−3. The VHE γ-rays of HESS J1813-178 can be naturally explained to mainly originate from the nebula, although the contribution of the SNR shell becomes significant with a denser ambient medium.
Second victim experiences and moral injury as predictors of hospitalist burnout before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Background The increasing number of physicians leaving practice, especially hospitalists, has been well-documented. The most commonly examined factor associated with this exodus has been burnout. The COVID-19 pandemic has put a unique and unprecedented stress on hospitalists who have been at the front lines of patient care. Therefore, the investigation of burnout and its related factors in hospitalists is essential to preventing future physician shortages. Objective This study examined the relationship between burnout, second victim, and moral injury experiences before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among hospitalists. Methods Two anonymous cross-sectional surveys of hospitalists from a community hospital in the metropolitan Washington, DC area were conducted. One was conducted pre-COVID-19 (September-November 2019) and one was conducted during COVID-19 (July-August 2020). The surveys were sent to all full-time hospitalists via an online survey platform. A variety of areas were assessed including demographic (e.g., age, gender), work information (e.g., hours per week, years of experience), burnout, second victim experiences, well-being, and moral injury. Results Burnout rates among providers during these two time periods were similar. Second victim experiences remained prevalent in those who experienced burnout both pre and during COVID-19, but interestingly the prevalence increased in those without burnout during COVID-19. Moral injury was predictive of burnout during COVID-19. Conclusion While there were some factors that predicted burnout that were similar both pre- and during-pandemic, moral injury was unique to predicting burnout during COVID-19. With burnout as a contributing factor to future physician shortages, it is imperative that predictive factors in a variety of different environments are well understood to prevent future shortages. Hospitalists may be an excellent barometer of these factors given their presence on the front line during the pandemic, and their experiences need to be further explored so that targeted interventions aimed at addressing those factors may be created.
The pathogenic potential and genetic attributes of Escherichia coli in milk from dairy cows with subclinical mastitis

Abstract The centrality of milk and dairy products to the human diet allows potential pathogens to pose a threat to human health. Pathogenic Escherichia coli is a zoonotic foodborne pathogen with many virulence genes which cause variations in its pathogenicity. The current study aimed to investigate the pathogenic potential of E. coli from milk of dairy cows with subclinical mastitis and evaluate the genetic relatedness to E. coli from human sources. The majority of the E. coli isolates belonged to the A (55.0%) and B2 (22.5%) phylogenetic groups and the most prevalent virulence genes were colV (90.0%), fyuA (75.0%) and vat (42.5%). Mice injected with G4-BD23 (P < 0.05) and G5-BD3 had lower survival rates than controls and visible pathological changes to lung and kidney. Nineteen MLST types were identified in 40 dairy E. coli isolates and three STs (ST10, ST48 and ST942) were shared with those from human sources. Some dairy E. coli isolates were phylogenetically related to human E. coli isolates indicating pathogenic potential.
Cooperation loci are more pleiotropic than private loci in the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pleiotropy may affect the maintenance of cooperation by limiting cheater mutants if such mutants lose other important traits. If pleiotropy limits cheaters, selection may favor cooperation loci that are more pleiotropic. However, the same should not be true for private loci with functions unrelated to cooperation. Pleiotropy in cooperative loci has mostly been studied with single loci and has not been measured on a wide scale or compared to a suitable set of control loci with private functions. I remedy this gap by comparing genomic measures of pleiotropy in previously identified cooperative and private loci in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. I found that cooperative loci in P. aeruginosa tended to be more pleiotropic than private loci according to the number of protein–protein interactions, the number of gene ontology terms, and gene expression specificity. These results show that pleiotropy may be a general way to limit cheating and that cooperation may shape pleiotropy in the genome.
Holographic quantization of gravity in a black hole background

It was recently observed in Park [Eur. Phys. J. C (unpublished); e-print arXiv:1404.5066 [hep-th]] that the holographic nature of gravity may hold a key to quantization of gravity. The so-called “holographic quantization” has been carried out in Park [J. High Energy Phys. 1504, 053 (2015); e-print arXiv:1412.1528 [hep-th]; e-print arXiv:1506.08383 [hep-th]] for Einstein gravity in a flat background. Generalizing the procedure to a curved background is the main goal of the present work. In particular, we consider the Einstein action expanded around a Schwarzschild background.
Population-wide cohort study of statin use for the secondary cardiovascular disease prevention in Scotland in 2009–2017

Objective To estimate the extent of suboptimal statin use for the secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) at different stages of the treatment pathway and identify patient groups at risk of suboptimal treatment. Methods National retrospective cohort study using linked National Health Service Scotland administrative data of adults hospitalised for an ASCVD event (n=167 978) from 2009 to 2017. Proportions of patients initiating, adhering to, discontinuing and reinitiating statins were calculated. We separately examined treatment following myocardial infarction (MI), ischaemic stroke and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) hospitalisations. Multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the roles of patient characteristics in the likelihood of initiating and discontinuing statins. Results Of patients hospitalised with ASCVD, only 81% initiated statin therapy, 40% of whom used high-intensity statin. Characteristics associated with lower odds of initiation included female sex (28% less likely than men), age below 50 years or above 70 years (<50 year-olds 26% less likely, and 70–79, 80–89 and ≥90 year-olds 22%, 49% and 77% less likely, respectively, than 60–69 year-olds), living in the most deprived areas and history of mental health-related hospital admission. Following MI, 88% of patients initiated therapy compared with 81% following ischaemic stroke and 75% following PAD events. Of statin-treated individuals, 24% discontinued treatment. Characteristics associated with discontinuation were similar to those related to non-initiation. Conclusions Statin use remains suboptimal for the secondary ASCVD prevention, particularly in women and older patients, and following ischaemic stroke and PAD hospitalisations. Improving this would offer substantial benefits to population health at low cost.
Coordinated decision-making boosts altruistic motivation—But not trust

In the current study, we separately tested whether coordinated decision-making increases altruism and whether it increases trust. To this end, we implemented a paradigm in which participants repeatedly perform a coordinated decision-making task either with the same partner on every trial, or with a different partner on each trial. When both players coordinate on the same option, both are rewarded. In Experiment 1 (N = 52), participants were sometimes presented with tempting opportunities to defect. In Experiment 2 (N = 97), participants sometimes had to decide whether or not to trust that their partners had resisted such tempting opportunities. The results show that repeatedly coordinating with the same partner increased participants’ resistance to temptation (Experiment 1) but did not increase trust (Experiment 2). These findings support the hypothesis that coordinating with a partner increases altruistic motivation towards that partner; they do not support the hypothesis that coordinating boosts trust.
A CMOS Microelectrode Array System With Reconfigurable Sub-Array Multiplexing Architecture Integrating 24,320 Electrodes and 380 Readout Channels

This article presents a CMOS microelectrode array (MEA) system with a reconfigurable sub-array multiplexing architecture using the time-division multiplexing (TDM) technique. The system consists of 24,320 TiN electrodes with 17.7 μm-pitch pixels and 380 column-parallel readout channels including a low-noise amplifier, a programmable gain amplifier, and a 10-b successive approximation register analog to digital converter. Readout channels are placed outside the pixel for high spatial resolution, and a flexible structure to acquire neural signals from electrodes selected by configuring in-pixel memory is realized. In this structure, a single channel can handle 8 to 32 electrodes, guaranteeing a temporal resolution from 5 kS/s to 20 kS/s for each electrode. A 128 × 190 MEA system was fabricated in a 110-nm CMOS process, and each readout channel consumes 81 μW at 1.5-V supply voltage featuring input-referred noise of 1.48 μVrms without multiplexing and 5.4 μVrms with multiplexing at the action-potential band (300 Hz–10 kHz).
Non-exercise Machine Learning Models for Maximal Oxygen Uptake Prediction in National Population Surveys

ABSTRACT Background: Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), an indicator of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), requires exercise testing and, as a result, is rarely ascertained in large-scale population-based studies. Non-exercise algorithms are cost-effective methods to estimate VO2 max, but the existing models have limitations in generalizability and predictive power. This study aims to improve the non-exercise algorithms using machine learning (ML) methods and data from U.S. national population surveys. Methods: We used the 1999-2004 data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), in which a submaximal exercise test produced an estimate of the VO2max. We applied multiple supervised ML algorithms to build two models: a parsimonious model that used variables readily available in clinical practice, and an extended model that additionally included more complex variables from more Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) and standard laboratory tests. We used Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) to interpret the new model and identify the key predictors. For comparison, existing non-exercise algorithms were applied unmodified to the testing set. Results: Among the 5,668 NHANES participants included in the final study population, the mean age was 32.5 years and 49.9% were women. Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) had the best performance across multiple types of supervised ML algorithms. Compared with the best existing non-exercise algorithms that could be applied in NHANES, the parsimonious LightGBM model (RMSE: 8.51 ml/kg/min [95% CI: 7.73 -9.33]) and the extended model (RMSE: 8.26 ml/kg/min [95% CI: 7.44 -9.09]) significantly reducing the error by 15% (P <0.01) and 12% (P<0.01 for both), respectively. Conclusion: Our non-exercise ML model provides a more accurate prediction of VO2 max for NHANES participants than existing non-exercise algorithms. Keywords: Machine learning, GBDTs, Cardiorespiratory fitness, VO2max, NHANES
HIGH-RESOLUTION 8 mm AND 1 cm POLARIZATION OF IRAS 4A FROM THE VLA NASCENT DISK AND MULTIPLICITY (VANDAM) SURVEY

Magnetic fields can regulate disk formation, accretion, and jet launching. Until recently, it has been difficult to obtain high-resolution observations of the magnetic fields of the youngest protostars in the critical region near the protostar. The VANDAM survey is observing all known protostars in the Perseus Molecular Cloud. Here we present the polarization data of IRAS 4A. We find that with ∼0. ″2 (50 AU) resolution at λ = 8.1 and 10.3 mm, the inferred magnetic field is consistent with a circular morphology, in marked contrast with the hourglass morphology seen on larger scales. This morphology is consistent with frozen-in field lines that were dragged in by rotating material entering the infall region. The field morphology is reminiscent of rotating circumstellar material near the protostar. This is the first polarization detection of a protostar at these wavelengths. We conclude from our observations that the dust emission is optically thin with β ∼ 1.3, suggesting that millimeter-/centimeter-sized grains have grown and survived in the short lifetime of the protostar.
Solar wind carbon, nitrogen and oxygen abundances measured in the earth's magnetosheath with AMPTE/CCE. [Charge Composition Explorer]

The solar wind number density ratios of C(6+) + C(5+) and N(7+) + N(6+) + N(5+) relative to O(8+) + O(7+) + O(6+) have been measured for the first time using data from the Charge-Energy-Mass Spectrometer on the AMPTE/CCE spacecraft during four solar active periods from Sept. 19 to Nov. 1, 1984 when CCE traversed the subsolar magnetosheath of the compressed magnetosphere. It is found that the average values of the density ratios of C/O and N/O to be 0.43 + or - 0.03 and 0.15 + or - 0.06, respectively. These ratios, as well as the average He(2+)/O ratio of 43 + or - 5 for these same time periods, are in excellent agreement with Solar Energetic Particles (SEP) abundance ratios as well as SEP-derived coronal abundances of these elements. The solar wind C/O ratio is substantially below the generally accepted photospheric value of 0.60.
A Phase 1 randomized study of GSK3732394, an investigational long-acting biologic treatment regimen for HIV-1 infection

Background The GSK3732394 multivalent protein was developed as a novel, long-acting, antiretroviral biologic treatment regimen with three independent, non–cross-resistant mechanisms for inhibiting HIV-1 entry. Methods A single-centre, Phase 1, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted in healthy volunteers, using a 2-part adaptive study design: in Part 1, participants were randomized to receive subcutaneous injection of GSK3732394 or placebo (3:1) as single ascending doses (10-mg starting dose); in Part 2, participants were intended to receive multiple ascending doses. Primary and secondary objectives included safety, pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD; cluster of differentiation four receptor occupancy [CD4 RO]) of GSK3732394 in healthy adults; PK/PD results in healthy volunteers were used to project HIV-1 treatment success. Results The most frequently reported adverse event was injection site reactions (ISRs; 8/18 [44%]). Most ISRs were mild (Grade 1–2; n = 7); one participant experienced a Grade 3 ISR (erythema ≥10 cm). All ISRs were delayed in onset (after Day 10). GSK3732394 demonstrated linear PK across all cohorts. Clearance was faster than expected, and PK/PD results were lower than expected, with the maximum dose investigated (80 mg) achieving mean trough CD4 RO of ∼25% on Day 7. The study was terminated as the PK/PD model linking PK and CD4 RO indicated that the maximum planned doses would not achieve the desired therapeutic profile. Conclusions This study demonstrated successful deployment of PK/PD dose relationships in the design and conduct of clinical trials by leveraging the findings toward predicting probability of success, resulting in appropriate early termination (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03984812).