Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automotive Collision Avoidance System Field Operational Test Report: Methodology and Results Appendices

The Automotive Collision Avoidance System field operational test (or ACAS FOT) project was led by General Motors (with Delphi playing a major supporting role) under a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Department of Transportation. The work conducted by the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute under this project is the subject of this two-volume report. This work involved developing the FOT methodology, gathering the FOT data, and the analysis and interpretation of this massive dataset. The FOT involved exposing a fleet of 11 ACAS-equipped Buick LeSabre passenger cars to 12 months of naturalistic driving by lay drivers from southeastern Michigan. The ACAS system included both a forward crash warning (FCW) system and an adaptive cruise control (ACC) system. The goal of the FOT was to examine the suitability of the ACAS system for widespread deployment from the perspectives of both driving safety and driver acceptance. Ninety-six drivers participated in the project, with an accumulation of 137,000 miles of driving. Data included over 300 data signals collected at 10 Hz with corresponding samples of video of the forward driving scene and the driver’s face. A set of subjective instruments were used to capture information about the driver and their self-reported tendencies, as well as postdrive questionnaires, interviews (which included video replays of alert experiences), and focus groups. Results indicated that ACC was widely accepted by drivers, whereas the acceptance of FCW was mixed (due to false alarms) and was not found to be significantly related to FCW alert rate. ACC was found to be benign from a traffic safety perspective, with possible benefits resulting from the marked reduction in short (<1 second) headways and reduced passing behavior observed during ACC driving. While incidents were found in which the FCW may have contributed to a timely driver response to an emerging rear-end crash conflict, the frequency or magnitude of such conflicts in manual driving was unchanged when FCW was enabled. In addition, headways in manual driving with FCW enabled were found to increase on freeways and also during daytime driving.
Liquid-Phase Exfoliation of Poly(Dicarbon Monofluoride) (C2F)n

Fluorinated single-layer diamond (“F-diamond”) is a new form of two-dimensional carbon allotrope. Herein, poly(dicarbon monofluoride) (C2F)n that is essentially made of stacked layers of “F-diamane” has been synthesized and exfoliated in a variety of solvents to yield well-dispersed ultrathin sheets. Microscopic and spectroscopic analyses revealed that the exfoliated sheets retained the “F-diamane”-like structure. The experimental results are supported by the density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Heart Sound Segmentation Based on Personalized Gaussian Mixture Model and Convolutional Neural Network

Background: Heart sound segmentation is a long-standing problem in heart analysis, and it is mainly caused by noise interference and diversification of heart sounds. Faced with the challenging of heart sound segmentation, a more applicable segmentation model was studied. Methods: In this process, the optimal modified Log-spectral amplitude and wavelet were used to suppress the noise in the heart sound, and used the duration-dependent hidden Markov model based on personalized Gaussian mixture model (PGMM-DHMM) to segment the fundamental heart sound (FHS) and the non-fundamental heart sound (non-FHS). Then used the optimized Mel frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) to realize the classification of S1 and S2 heart sound frames through the Convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier, which can avoid the errors caused by the ambiguity of the time domain features. Results: PGMM-DHMM can segment FHS more effectively, and the accuracy is 94.3%. The CNN classifier obtained the best results in the S1 and S2 classifications, the accuracy is 90.92%, the precision of S1 is 90.76%, the recall is 91.05%, the F-measure is 90.9%, and the precision of S2 is 91.07%, the recall is 90.79%, the F-measure is 90.93%. The final segmentation accuracy is 92.92%. In addition, the experimental results further indicate that CNN has more robust performance when classifying abnormal S1 and abnormal S2. Conclusions: The PGMM-DHMM model can better segment FHS and Non-FHS. The optimization of MFCC improves the classification effect of S1 and S2, and the improvement effect by the CNN classifier is significant, especially for abnormal heart sounds. The proposed algorithm is better than other algorithms at this stage.
Effect of N-acetylcysteine on remission maintenance in patients with ulcerative colitis: A Randomized controlled clinical trial

Background: The use of antioxidant agents is suggested as a complementary therapy in UC patients for prevention of flares. Considering the potent antioxidant activity of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), in the present study we aimed to assess the effect of this supplement on remission maintenance in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods: In the present double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial, 168 volunteer UC patients who were on high dose corticosteroid for flare-up management, were recruited. The patients received 400 mg NAC or placebo twice daily for 16 weeks. Simultaneously, the prednisolone dose was tapered. The patients were followed up six more weeks post-intervention. The primary efficacy of the treatment was remaining in remission. The secondary outcomes were the endoscopic relapse, serum level of hs-CRP, hemoglobin, and fecal calprotectin level. Results: During 22 weeks follow up, 25 patients experienced relapses, six of them were in the NAC group and 19 of them were in the placebo group. There was a significant difference between the NAC and placebo groups regarding the relapse-free period (P=0.007). Compared with the NAC group, significantly more patients in the placebo group had an endoscopic relapse (p <0.001). At the end of the intervention period (16 weeks) and 6 weeks post-intervention, the mean fecal calprotectin, serum erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and hs-CRP levels were significantly lower in the NAC group compared with the placebo group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The findings indicated that NAC had a significantly more positive effect on the maintenance of remission compared with placebo in UC patients that were in the steroid-tapering phase of therapy.
Identifying benefits arising from the curation and open sharing of research data produced by UK Higher Education and research institutes

It is becoming increasingly clear that effective and efficient management and reuse of research data will be a key component in the UK knowledge economy in years to come, essential for the efficient conduct of research and its dissemination and use. In recognition of this, there have been many calls for access to science data at national and international levels. JISC and other UK funding bodies have developed a number of initiatives concerned with the management and curation of research data. The report by Lyon (2007) was pivotal in delineating the issues that need to be addressed and this project aims to take forward Recommendation 30: JISC should work in partnership with the research funding bodies and jointly commission a cost-benefit study of data curation and preservation infrastructure. The project’s objectives are to: • Identify the benefits of curating and sharing research data; • Identify a methodology by which to estimate the benefits to UK Higher Education and the UK more generally of curating and openly sharing research data produced by researchers in UK HE; • Use the methodology, as far as possible, to derive an estimate, expressed in financial terms where possible, for the identified benefits; • Document case studies and examples of data re-use, where that re-use led to tangible benefits. Potential benefits of the open sharing and re-use of research data include: maximised investment in data collection; broader access where costs would be prohibitive for individual researchers/institutions; potential for new discoveries from existing data, especially where data are aggregated and integrated; reduced duplication of data collection costs and increased transparency of the scientific record; increased research impact and reduced time-lag in realising those impacts; new collaborations and new knowledge-based industries .
Outward Foreign Direct Investment in Emerging Economies

Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI) has been utilized by developed economies to enter developing markets for competitive advantages. However, recent boom in OFDI from emerging economies has prompted the question as to why these economies are investing abroad? A modest amount of literature exists regarding China and India, however, Turkey being an emerging economy has been largely untapped when it comes to determinants of OFDI. This study uses the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) to find host and home country factors which have led to OFDI from Turkey to their top 10 investment destinations for the past 10 years. The host country factors found to be significantly correlated with Turkish OFDI are innovation (Netherlands and Russia), technological readiness (Russia and UK), labor market efficiency (Netherlands), infrastructure (Netherlands), domestic market size (Germany), and exports (UK). The home factors found to be significantly correlated with Turkish OFDI are infrastructure and domestic competition.
Multicarrier PWM Strategies for Hybrid Symmetrical Multilevel Inverter with Reduced Switch Count

Multilevel inverters are widely used for high power and high voltage applications. The performance of multilevel inverters are superior to conventional two level inverters in terms of reduced total harmonic distortion, higher dc link voltages, lower electromagnetic interference and increased quality in the output voltage waveform. This paper presents a single phase hybrid eleven level multilevel inverter topology with reduced switch count to compensate the above mentioned disadvantages. This paper also presents various high switching frequency based multi carrier pulse width modulation strategies such as Phase Disposition PWM Strategy (PDPWM), Phase Opposition and Disposition PWM Strategy (PODPWM), Alternate Phase opposition Disposition PWM (APODPWM), Carrier Overlapping PWM (COPWM), Variable frequency carrier PWM (VFPWM), Third Harmonic Injection PWM (TFIPWM) applied to the proposed eleven level multilevel inverter and is analyzed for RL load. FFT analysis is carried out and total harmonic distortion, fundamental output voltage are calculated. Simulation is carried out in MATLAB/SMULINK.
Fibrin-Associated Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Found on Revision Arthroplasty of the Knee

Fibrin-associated diffuse large B cell lymphoma is a rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma that is nonmass forming, does not directly produce symptoms, and is discovered incidentally on histological examination of tissues excised for other reasons. This article illustrates the need for a multidisciplinary approach to a patient with fibrin-associated diffuse large B cell lymphoma incidentally identified on revision arthroplasty of the knee. Abstract Fibrin-associated diffuse large B cell lymphoma (FA-DLBCL) is a rare Epstein-Barr viruspositive B cell lymphoma that is nonmass-forming, does not directly produce symptoms, and is incidentally discovered on histological examination of tissues excised for other reasons. Despite overlap in morphologic and immunophenotypic features with aggressive B cell neoplasms, FA-DLBCL shows an excellent clinical outcome, even with surgical excision alone. We report an extremely rare occurrence of FA-DLBCL found in association with a metallic implant on revision arthroplasty of the knee. This report also illustrates the need for an integrated multidisciplinary approach for accurate diagnosis and avoidance of overtreatment.
A cross-sectional study of exposure across social media platforms for the British Orthodontic Society retention awareness campaign: #HoldthatSmile

Objective: The use of media campaigns in health promotion has become more common in recent years. #HoldthatSmile is a British Orthodontic Society life-long retention awareness campaign aimed at the general public and dental profession launched in 2017. This study investigated #HoldthatSmile exposure on social media platforms over a 12-month period following campaign launch. Design: A cross-sectional content analysis. Setting: Public-facing, English-language posts tagged #HoldthatSmile on the Facebook, Instagram and Twitter social media platforms. Methods: Data were collected relating to a 12-month period, from September 2017 immediately following campaign launch, to the end of September 2018. The primary outcome was exposure to the #HoldthatSmile campaign on the different platforms through analysis of posts, measurement of audience reached and engagement. Secondary outcomes included demographics of user-types and content analysis of reactive comments on posts. Results: A total of 205 relevant posts with #HoldthatSmile were identified on Twitter (n=90, 43.9%), Facebook (n=64, 31.2%) and Instagram (n=51, 24.9%) with an overall calculated audience reach of 108,807 individuals. There were 1849 reactions across the three platforms. The percentage of reactions that generated comments was low at 3%, 6.1% and 5.7% for Twitter, Facebook and Instagram, respectively. Just over three-quarters of users were either Dental Surgeries (53%) or Professional Dental Bodies (28%) and the vast majority were from the United Kingdom. Overall, most comments were positive (46%, n=36) or neutral (44%, n=35) with only 10% (n=8) negative. The overriding theme was a person’s name, with the user commonly typing a friend’s name in order to bring their attention to the post. Conclusion: There were a relatively low number of posts relevant to #HoldthatSmile on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram over the campaign’s first 12 months. However, the majority of these did convey positive or neutral messages.
Mechanistic Insights into the Selective Dual BET and PLK1 Inhibitory Activity of a Novel Benzamide Compound in Castration‐Resistant Prostrate Cancer

Though multifactorial, BET and PLK1 proteins have been found to be key players in the oncogenic process leading to castration‐resistant prostate cancer through regulation of AR and MYC‐mediated transcription. Hence, dual inhibition of these proteins appears to be an auspicious approach for CRPC therapy. WNY0824 has been reported to exhibit nanomolar range inhibition as well as significant anti‐proliferative activity on AR‐positive CRPC cells in vitro. However, structural, and mechanistic events associated with its dual inhibitory and anti‐proliferative mechanisms remain unclear. Utilizing integrative computer‐assisted atomistic techniques, analyses revealed that the dual‐inhibitory activity of WNY0824 against BRD4 and PLK1 proteins is mediated by conserved residues present in the binding cavities of both proteins which are shown to elicit various strong intermolecular interactions and thus favour binding affinity. Also, binding orientation of the ligand at the protein binding cavities allowed for important hydrophobic interactions which resulted in high binding free energy of −42.50 kcal/mol and −51.64 kcal/mol towards BRD4 and PLK1, respectively. While van der Waals interactions are very important to ligand binding in BRD4‐WNY complex, electrostatic interactions are pertinent to PLK1‐WNY complex. Intriguingly, WNY0824 triggered conformational alterations in both proteins through increased structural instability, decreased structural compactness and mitigation in exposure of residues to solvent surface area. Consequently, critical interactions peculiar to the oncogenic activities of BRD4 and PLK1 were inhibited, a phenomenon that results in an antagonism of CRPC progression. The mechanistic insights presented in this report would further assist in the structure‐based design of improved inhibitors useful in CRPC therapy.
Possible protective and curative effects of selenium nanoparticles on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia rat model.

BACKGROUND Men over the age of 40 are more likely to develop benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). BPH is characterized by proliferation of the prostatic epithelium and stroma. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs),is anessentialmetalloid mineralandantioxidant. In this study, SeNPs were tested for their potential protective and curative impacts on BPH in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS 50 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: Group I (Control group); Group II (Orchiectomized group): bilateral orchiectomy was conducted on rats; Group III (BPH group): testosterone (TE) enanthate injection was used to induce BPH; Group IV (Protective group): rats were given SeNP before subjecting rats to BPH; Group V (Curative group): rats were succumbed to BPH, followed by administration of SeNP. Measurement of prostate specific antigen (PSA) and TE in serum was performed and prostates were weighed and prepared for histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examination. RESULTS In the BPH group, serum TE- and PSA-levels, as well as prostate weight, increased significantly and significant decreases in the protective and curative groups. Reduced acinar lumen, expansion of stroma and epithelial hyperplasia were noticed in the BPH group, which were ameliorated significantly both in protective and curative groups. There was an increase in PCNA immunoreaction in the BPH group and a decrease in both the protective and curative groups. On TEM of BPH group, the nuclei appeared irregular with dilated endoplasmic reticulum, loss of cell boundaries and apical microvilli. The protective group showed more improvement than the curative group. CONCLUSIONS The effects of SeNPs on BPH induced by TE in rats, were both protective and curative, although the protective effects were more pronounced.
Coping with diverse student backgrounds in a first year engineering computing subject

Each year, students enrolled in the subject Engineering Computing 1 at the University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia, are surveyed on the first day of classes in order to assess their prior knowledge of the subject content. The survey results show considerable diversity in students’ backgrounds. On average, about 10% are not familiar with the use of personal computers (PCs), 5% have never used e-mail/World Wide Web, 30% have not used spreadsheets and 60% have not programmed in a high level language. However, within these averages are some students with advanced skills and others with quite limited skills. Many of those students with a limited knowledge of computers come from developing countries, including Sudan, Indonesia and the Indian subcontinent. In the paper, the authors discuss how computer based training (CBT) packages are utilised to form the basis of a student centred self-learning system. These CBT resources allow the lecturers to better manage class-time by having a mechanism to bridge the skills gap between those students with little or no experience in the subject content, and those who enter the course with higher-level skills.
A Review of Disparities in Cardiac Rehabilitation: EVIDENCE, DRIVERS, AND SOLUTIONS.

PURPOSE Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has been shown to improve functional status, quality of life, and recurrent cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. Despite its demonstrated compelling benefits and guideline recommendation, CR is underutilized, and there are significant disparities in CR utilization particularly by race, ethnicity, sex, and socioeconomic status. The purpose of this review is to summarize the evidence and drivers of these disparities and recommend potential solutions. METHODS In this review, key studies documenting disparities in CR referrals, enrollment, and completion are discussed. Additionally, potential mechanisms for these disparities are summarized and strategies are reviewed for addressing them. SUMMARY There is a wealth of literature demonstrating disparities among racial and ethnic minorities, women, those with lower income and education attainment, and those living in rural and dense urban areas. However, there was minimal focus on how the social determinants of health contribute to the observed disparities in CR utilization in many of the studies reviewed. Interventions such as automatic referrals, inpatient liaisons, mitigation of economic barriers, novel delivery mechanisms, community partnerships, and health equity metrics to incentivize health care organizations to reduce care disparities are potential solutions.
Weighted generalized estimating equations and unified estimation for longitudinal data with nonmonotone missing data patterns

Missing data are a major complication in longitudinal data analysis. Weighted generalized estimating equations (WGEEs, Robins et al, J Am Stat Assoc 1995;90:106‐121) were developed to deal with missing response data. They have been extended for data with both missing responses and missing covariates (Chen et al, J Am Stat Assoc 2010;105:336‐353). However, it may introduce more variability in dealing with the correlation structure of the responses. We propose new WGEEs for missing at random data where both response and (time‐dependent) covariates may have values missing in nonmonotone missing data patterns. We also explain how to improve the estimation efficiency of WGEEs using a unified approach (Zhao and Liu, AStA Adv Stat Anal 2021;105(1):87‐101). The proposed unified estimator is consistent and more efficient than the regular WGEE estimator. It is computationally simple and can be directly implemented in standard software. Simulation studies for both continuous response and binary response data are provided to examine the performance of the proposed estimators. A clinical trial example investigating the quality of life of women with early‐stage breast cancer and the associated factors is analyzed.
Supply chain structures : coordination, information and optimization

1. Introduction and Overview Jing-Sheng Song, D.D. Yao. 2. Efficient Supply Chain Structures for Personal Computers Lingxiu Dong, H.L. Lee. 3. Intrafirm Incentives and Supply Chain Performance N. Agrawal, A.A. Tsay. 4. Impact of Manufacturing Flexibility on Supply Chain Performance S. Biller, et al. 5. The Use of Demand Information in Supply Chain Management G. Gallego, O. Ozer. 6. Supply Chain Information Sharing in a Competitive Environment Lode Li, Hongtao Zhang. 7. Planning and Scheduling in an Assemble-To-Order Environment N.J. Vandaele, M.R. Lambrecht. 8. Network Server Supply Chain at HP: A Case Study D. Beyer, J. Ward. 9. Inventory Allocation at a Semiconductor Company A.O. Brown, et al. 10. Leadtime, Inventory, and Service Level in ATO Systems Yashan Wang. 11. Dependence Analysis of Assemble-to-Orders Systems S.H. Xu. 12. Sequences of Multi-Item Demands J.W. Mamer, S.A. Smith.
E - Collaboration Knowledge Management

Knowledge plays a critical role in organizational resources that enables organizations to gain a competitive advantage. In the today world, the organizations need to investigate new solutions to remain ahead of the competition. Therefore, organizations endeavor to face the challenges by using technologies to enable an efficient management of the e-collaboration and knowledge management. Many models and techniques have been discussed over years for e-collaboration and knowledge management within organizations. Current changes in Information, and Communication Technology (ICT) have prompted organizations to utilize platforms such as corporate portals for collaborative knowledge sharing. This paper introduces an overview of Knowledge Management (KM) and e-collaboration for the enterprise to gain advantage. The paper is appended by a case study of an organization where it applies KM and e-collaboration to cover the business needs and to improve management of enterprise content with collaboration of knowledge. The organizational structures and processes, standards and values are still the main areas that limit the effectiveness of e-collaboration. This requires changing the organizational focus and culture that remains a challenge for many organizations.