Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early life stress and the role of environmental and molecular moderators in the ontology of pathological and resilient behavioral phenotypes

Early life stress (ELS) in the form of trauma or caregiver abuse and neglect is often associated with psychopathology. However, not everyone exposed to ELS develops a pathology; others display resilience, or the ability to adapt and persevere despite ongoing adversity. Several molecular moderator variables between ELS and behavioral phenotypes have been proposed, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and epigenetic markers. Specifically, several SNPs and aberrant methylation or expression of genes associated with neurotransmitter systems and brain-derived neurotrophic factor have been associated with anxiety, depression or schizophrenia. The present review seeks to explore the relationship between SNPs, epigenomics and disease, and offer data to suggest several SNPs may also predict specific treatment efficacy and psychological resilience. Due to this discrepancy in the literature, it is critical that environmental moderators be equally considered in determining the ontology of resilient or pathological phenotypes; this includes the infant-caregiver relationship, and the degree of control, magnitude, and type of the stressor experienced. Finally, we will offer evidence to suggest that several intervention strategies, including drug treatment, environmental enrichment, or exercise can ameliorate many of the psychological, biological, and molecular consequences of ELS exposure, and help shift one toward a resilient phenotype.
Partisanship and The Trolley Problem: Understanding Republicans’ and Democrats’ willingness to sacriﬁce members of the other party

Do partisans view members of other party with lower moral status? While research shows they view out-partisans quite poorly, we show that affective polarization extends to expressing a willingness to sacriﬁce an out-partisan’s life. We report the ﬁrst study to consider partisanship in the classic ‘trolley problem’ in which respondents are asked whether they would sacriﬁce an individual’s life in order to save the life of ﬁve individuals. We explore this issue with a nationally representative survey experiment in the United States, inquiring about politicized variants of the trolley problem case. First, we vary the political afﬁliations of both the group of ﬁve (to be saved by turning the trolley) and the single individual (to be sacriﬁced by turning the trolley). We ﬁnd that individuals are less willing to sacriﬁce a co-partisan for the sake of group of out-partisans. These ﬁndings go beyond earlier work by suggesting that partisans not only hold negative attitudes and judgements toward political out-groups, but that they will at least signal approval of differing moral treatment. We take stock of how these results bear on normative questions in democratic theory.
Inexact Cuts in Stochastic Dual Dynamic Programming

We introduce an extension of Stochastic Dual Dynamic Programming (SDDP) to solve stochastic convex dynamic programming equations. This extension applies when some or all primal and dual subproblems to be solved along the forward and backward passes of the method are solved with bounded errors (inexactly). This inexact variant of SDDP is described both for linear problems (the corresponding variant being denoted by ISDDP-LP) and nonlinear problems (the corresponding variant being denoted by ISDDP-NLP). We prove convergence theorems for ISDDP-LP and ISDDP-NLP both for bounded and asymptotically vanishing errors. Finally, we present the results of numerical experiments comparing SDDP and ISDDP-LP on portfolio problem with direct transaction costs modelled as a multistage stochastic linear optimization problem. On these experiments, ISDDP-LP allows us to obtain a good policy faster than SDDP.
Comparing Skein and Quantum Group Representations and Their Application to Asymptotic Faithfulness

We generalize the asymptotic faithfulness of the skein quantum $SU(2)$ representations of mapping class groups of orientable closed surfaces to skein $SU(3)$. Skein quantum representations of mapping class groups are different from the Reshetikin-Turaev ones from quantum groups or geometric quantization because they are given by different modular tensor categories. We conjecture asymptotic faithfulness holds for skein quantum $G$ representations when $G$ is a simply-connected simple Lie group. The difficulty for such a generalization lies in the lack of an explicit description of the fusion spaces with multiplicities to define an appropriate complexity of state vectors.
Irreducibility of \bar{M}_{0,n}(G/P,\beta)

Let G be a linear algebraic group, P be a parabolic subgroup of G and \beta be a cycle of dimension 1 in the Chow group of the quotient G/P. Using geometric arguments and Borel's fixed point theorem, we prove that the moduli space \bar{M}_{0,n}(G/P, \beta) of n-pointed genus 0 stable maps representing \beta is irreducible.
A characterization theorem and its applications for d-orthogonality of Sheffer polynomial sets

The purpose of this paper is to find the characterization of the Sheffer polynomial sets satisfying the d-orthogonality conditions. The generating function form of these polynomial sets is given in Theorem 2.2. As applications of the Theorem 2.2, we revisit the d-orthogonal polynomial sets exist in the literature and discover new d-orthogonal polynomial sets. Moreover, we obtain the d-dimensional functional vector ensuring the d-orthogonality of these new polynomial sets.
On strongly quasi-hereditary algebras

Let $A$ be a finite dimensional algebra over an algebraically closed field $\mathbf{k}$. If $A$ is quasi-hereditary and the projective dimensions of all standard modules are at most one, then $A$ is called left strongly quasi-hereditary. In this paper, we construct a special heredity chain for left strongly quasi-hereditary algebras. Moreover, we show the quotient algebra by an ideal which appears in a special heredity chain of left strongly quasi-hereditary algebra is also left strongly quasi-hereditary algebra.
Exact volume of hyperbolic 2--bridge links

W. Thurston suggested a method for computing hyperbolic volume of hyperbolic 3-manifolds, based on a triangulation of the manifold. The method was implemented by J. Weeks in the program SnapPea, which produces a decimal approximation as a result. For hyperbolic 2-bridge links, we give formulae that allow one to find the exact volume, i.e. to construct a polynomial and to find volume as an analytic function of one of its roots. The computation is performed directly from a reduced, alternating link diagram.
Symplectic boundary conditions and cohomology

We introduce new boundary conditions for differential forms on symplectic manifolds with boundary. These boundary conditions, dependent on the symplectic structure, allows us to write down elliptic boundary value problems for both second-order and fourth-order symplectic Laplacians and establish Hodge theories for the cohomologies of primitive forms on manifolds with boundary. We further use these boundary conditions to define a relative version of the primitive cohomologies and to relate primitive cohomologies with Lefschetz maps on manifolds with boundary. As we show, these cohomologies of primitive forms can distinguish certain K\"ahler structures of K\"ahler manifolds with boundary.
NONSMOOTH ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION

These lecture notes for a graduate course cover generalized derivative concepts useful in deriving necessary optimality conditions and numerical algorithms for nondifferentiable optimization problems in inverse problems, imaging, and PDE-constrained optimization. Treated are convex functions and subdifferentials, Fenchel duality, monotone operators and resolvents, Moreau--Yosida regularization, proximal point and (some) first-order splitting methods, Clarke subdifferentials, and semismooth Newton methods. The required background from functional analysis and calculus of variations is also briefly summarized.
The random spanning tree on ladder-like graphs

Random spanning trees are among the most prominent determinantal point processes. We give four examples of random spanning trees on ladder-like graphs whose rungs form stationary renewal processes or regenerative processes of order two, respectively. Up to a trivial thinning with additional coin flips, for each of the first two examples the renewal processes exhaust the whole class of stationary regenerative (of order one) determinantal point processes. We also give an example of a regenerative process of order two that has no representation in terms of a random spanning tree. Our examples illustrate a theorem of Lyons and Steif (2003) which characterizes regenerative determinantal point processes in terms of their Fourier transform. For the regenerative process, we also establish a Markov chain description in the spirit of Haggstrom (1994). On the technical side, a systematic counting scheme for random spanning trees is developed that allows to compute explicitly the probabilities. In some cases an electrical network point of view simplifies matters.
Calder\'on's problem for p-Laplace type equations

We investigate a generalization of Calder\'on's problem of recovering the conductivity coefficient in a conductivity equation from boundary measurements. As a model equation we consider the p-conductivity equation with p strictly between one and infinity, which reduces to the standard conductivity equation when p equals two, and to the p-Laplace equation when the conductivity is constant. The thesis consists of results on the direct problem, boundary determination and detecting inclusions. We formulate the equation as a variational problem also when the conductivity may be zero or infinity in large sets. As a boundary determination result we recover the first order derivative of a smooth conductivity on the boundary. We use the enclosure method of Ikehata to recover the convex hull of an inclusion of finite conductivity and find an upper bound for the convex hull if the conductivity within an inclusion is zero or infinite.
Arrow categories of monoidal model categories

We prove that the arrow category of a monoidal model category, equipped with the pushout product monoidal structure and the projective model structure, is a monoidal model category. This answers a question posed by Mark Hovey, in the course of his work on Smith ideals. As a corollary, we prove that the projective model structure in cubical homotopy theory is a monoidal model structure. As illustrations we include numerous examples of non-cofibrantly generated monoidal model categories, including chain complexes, small categories, pro-categories, and topological spaces.
Pengaruh Pasta Kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris) Konsentrasi 30% terhadap Kekasaran Permukaan Heat cured Acrylic

ABSTRACTBackground: Tooth loss based on Riskesdas at the age of 35-44 years is 17.5% and increases at the age of 65 years and over (30.6%). Dentures are used to improve physical, psychological and social functions of people who have lost teeth. Denture cleaning is an important aspect of denture care to maintain oral health. Kelakai leaf extract paste can be used as an alternative denture cleaning paste because it has a low abrasive content and also an extract of kelakai leaf (Stenochlaena palustris) at a concentration of 30% has an average inhibition zone of 16.60 mm to Candida albicans. Objective: To determine the effect of 30% concentration of Kelakai extract paste on the surface roughness of heat cured acrylic. Methods: True experimental with pretest and posttest with control group design. The study used 27 samples divided into 3 treatment groups with 2 measurements. Group 1 is a negative control, group 2 is a positive control using toothpaste and group 3 is a paste extract treatment group. Results: The results of the Post Hoc Mann Whitney test analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the 30% concentration of mackerel extract paste with the control group. The results of this study also obtained an average surface roughness value of 0.090 m after giving treatment of extract paste. Conclusion: There was an effect of 30% concentration of Kelakai extract paste on the surface roughness of heat cured acrylic. Keywords: Acrylic resin, Kelakai leaf extract paste, Surface roughness. ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Kehilangan gigi berdasarkan Riskesdas pada usia 35-44 tahun sebesar 17,5% dan meningkat pada usia 65 tahun ke atas (30,6%). Gigi tiruan digunakan untuk memperbaiki fungsi fisik, psikologis dan sosial penderita kehilangan gigi. Membersihkan gigi tiruan merupakan aspek penting dalam perawatan gigi tiruan untuk menjaga kesehatan mulut. Pasta ekstrak daun kelakai dapat menjadi pasta pembersih gigi tiruan alternatif karena bahan abrasifnya rendah dan juga ekstrak daun kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris) pada konsentrasi 30% memiliki rata-rata zona hambat 16.60 mm terhadap Candida albicans. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh pasta ekstrak Kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris) konsentrasi 30% terhadap kekasaran permukaan heat cured acrylic. Metode: True experimental dengan rancangan pretest and posttest with control group design. Penelitian menggunakan 27 sampel terbagi menjadi 3 kelompok perlakuan dengan 2 kali pengukuran. Kelompok 1 adalah kontrol negatif, kelompok 2 adalah kontrol positif menggunakan pasta gigi dan kelompok 3 adalah kelompok perlakuan pasta ekstrak. Hasil: Hasil analisis uji Post Hoc Mann Whitney menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada pasta ekstrak kelakai konsentrasi 30% dengan kelompok kontrol. Hasil penelitian ini juga didapatkan nilai rata-rata kekasaran permukaan setelah ppemberian pasta ekstrak sebesar 0,090 µm. Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh pasta ekstrak Kelakai konsentrasi 30% terhadap kekasaran permukaan heat cured acrylic. Kata kunci: Kekasaran permukaan, Pasta ekstrak daun kelakai, Resin akrilik
Automorphy of $\mathrm{GL}_2\otimes \mathrm{GL}_n$ in the self-dual case

In this paper we establish a new case of Langlands functoriality. More precisely, we prove that the tensor product of the compatible system of Galois representations attached to a level-1 classical modular form and the compatible system attached to an n-dimensional RACP automorphic representation of GL_n of the adeles of Q is automorphic, for any positive integer n, under some natural hypotheses (namely regularity and irreducibility).
The Good, the Bad, and the Neutral: Twitter Users' Opinion on the ASUU Strike

Aim/Purpose: Nigeria’s university education goes through incessant strikes by the Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU). This strike has led to shared emotion on micro-blogging sites like Twitter. This study analyzed selected historical tweets from the “ASUU” to understand citizens’ opinions. Background: The researchers conducted sentiment analysis and topic modelling to understand Twitter users’ opinions on the strike. Methodology: The researchers used the Valence Aware Dictionary for Sentiment Reasoning (VADER) technique for sentiment analysis, and the Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) was used for topic modelling. A total of 10,000 tweets were first extracted for the study. After data cleaning, 1323 tweets were left. Contribution: To the researcher’s best knowledge, no published study has presented a sentiment analysis on the topic of the ASUU strike using the Twitter dataset. This research will fill this gap by providing a sentiment analysis and drawing out subjects by exploring the tweets on the phrase “ASUU. ” Findings: The sentiment analysis result using VADER returned 567 tweets as ‘Negative,’ with the remaining 544 and 212 categorized as Positive and Neutral. The result of the LDA returned six topics, all comprising seven keywords. The topics were the solution to the strike, ASUU strike effect, strike Call-off, appeal to ASUU, student protest and student appeal. Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers can use this study’s findings to compare with other contexts of opinion mining. Practitioners may also use the research to understand better the attitudes of their staff and students about the strikes to create actionable solutions before the suspension of the strike. Future Research: Future studies can collect information from other social networking and blogging sites.
Diagonalisable $p$-groups cannot fix exactly one point on projective varieties

We prove an algebraic version of classical theorem in topology, asserting that an abelian p-group action on a smooth projective variety of positive dimension cannot fix exactly one point. When the group has only two elements, we prove that the number of fixed points cannot be odd. The main tool is a construction originally used by Rost in the context of the degree formula. The framework of diagonalisable groups allows us to include the case of base fields of characteristic p.
Modelling the distribution of marine fishery resources: Where are we?

Ecological niche models (ENMs) and species distribution models (SDMs) have been widely applied to various studies relevant to biogeography, conservation biology, and ecology. These modelling techniques seek to develop spatial maps for projecting, among others past, current, and future species distributions. Born in the field of terrestrial ecology, only in recent years have these models been applied to marine environmental issues, especially to improve the forecasting of the distribution of occurrences and capturing of fishery resources. This study aimed to present through bibliometric analysis the characteristics of articles related to the use of ENMs and SDMs in marine fishery resources considering three main points: (1) state of the art: number of articles over the years, journals, countries, collaborations, and focus of research; (2) characteristics linked to fishery resources: marine biogeographic realms, taxonomic groups, life phases, oceanographic zones, and behaviours; (3) characteristics linked to methods: type of method, type of biological and, environmental data. We provide a list of 378 articles (derived from 930 screened ones), the results, and a discussion of our findings, which represent a baseline for the current status (strengths, limits, and gaps) of the interface between ENMs/SDMs and fishery resources
Arithmetic hyperbolicity and a stacky Chevalley–Weil theorem

We prove an analogue for algebraic stacks of Hermite–Minkowski's finiteness theorem from algebraic number theory, and establish a Chevalley–Weil type theorem for integral points on stacks. As an application of our results, we prove analogues of the Shafarevich conjecture for some surfaces of general type.
Classifying the near-equality of ribbon Schur functions

We consider the problem of determining when the difference of two ribbon Schur functions is a single Schur function. We prove that this near-equality phenomenon occurs in sixteen infinite families and we conjecture that these are the only possible cases. Towards this converse, we prove that under certain additional assumptions the only instances of near-equality are among our sixteen families. In particular, we prove that our first ten families are a complete classification of all cases where the difference of two ribbon Schur functions is a single Schur function whose corresponding partition has at most two parts at least 2. We then provide a framework for interpreting the remaining six families and we explore some ideas toward resolving our conjecture in general. We also determine some necessary conditions for the difference of two ribbon Schur functions to be Schur-positive.
Support and vanishing for non-Noetherian rings and tensor triangulated categories

We define and characterise small support for complexes over non-Noetherian rings and in this context prove a vanishing theorem for modules. Our definition of support makes sense for any rigidly compactly generated tensor triangulated category. Working in this generality, we establish basic properties of support and investigate when it detects vanishing. We use pointless topology to relate support, the topology of the Balmer spectrum, and the structure of the idempotent Bousfield lattice.
Noncommutative symmetric functions

This paper presents a noncommutative theory of symmetric functions, based on the notion of quasi-determinant. We begin with a formal theory, corresponding to the case of symmetric functions in an infinite number of independent variables. This allows us to endow the resulting algebra with a Hopf structure, which leads to a new method for computing in descent algebras. It also gives unified reinterpretation of a number of classical constructions. Next, we study the noncommutative analogs of symmetric polynomials. One arrives at different constructions, according to the particular kind of application under consideration. For example, when a polynomial with noncommutative coefficients in one central variable is decomposed as a product of linear factors, the roots of these factors differ from those of the expanded polynomial. Thus, according to whether one is interested in the construction of a polynomial with given roots or in the expansion of a product of linear factors, one has to consider two distinct specializations of the formal symmetric functions. A third type appears when one looks for a noncommutative generalization of applications related to the notion of characteristic polynomial of a matrix. This construction can be applied, for instance, to the noncommutative matrices formed by the generators of the universal enveloping algebra $U(gl_n)$ or of
Riesz bases from orthonormal bases by replacement.

Given an orthonormal basis $ {\mathcal V}= \{v_j\} _{j\in N}$ in a separable Hilbert space $H$ and a set of unit vectors $ {\mathcal B}=\{w_j\}_{j\in N}$, we consider the sets $ {\mathcal B}_N$ obtained by replacing the vectors $v_1, . ,\, v_N$ with vectors $w_1,\, . ,\, w_N$. We show necessary and sufficient conditions that ensure that the sets $ {\mathcal B}_N$ are Riesz bases of $H$ and we estimate the frame constants of the $ {\mathcal B}_N$. Then, we prove conditions that ensure that $ {\mathcal B}$ is a Riesz basis. Applications to the construction of exponential bases on domains of $ R^d$ are also presented.
K-THEORY FOR THE C*-ALGEBRAS OF THE SOLVABLE BAUMSLAG–SOLITAR GROUPS

Abstract We provide a new computation of the K-theory of the group C*-algebra of the solvable Baumslag–Solitar group BS(1, n) (n ≠ 1); our computation is based on the Pimsner–Voiculescu 6-terms exact sequence, by viewing BS(1, n) as a semi-direct product ℤ[1/n] ⋊ ℤ. We deduce from it a new proof of the Baum–Connes conjecture with trivial coefficients for BS(1, n).
A probability inequality for sums of independent Banach space valued random variables

Let be a real separable Banach space. Let and be two continuous and increasing functions defined on such that , , and is a nondecreasing function on . Let be a sequence of independent and symmetric B-valued random variables. In this note, we establish a probability inequality for sums of independent B-valued random variables by showing that for every and all , where and , . As an application of this inequality, we establish what we call a comparison theorem for the weak law of large numbers for independent and identically distributed -valued random variables.