Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictive Value of Body Composition Analysis for the Prognosis of Patients with Advanced Gastrointestinal Tumors

Objective There is strong evidence that the body composition can affect the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with a variety of cancers. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of body composition on the prognosis of patients with advanced gastrointestinal and colorectal cancers who received first-line palliative chemotherapy. Methods Patients who were newly-diagnosed with advanced gastrointestinal or colorectal cancer and received standard first-line palliative chemotherapy from January 2017 to December 2018 were included in this retrospective study. An analysis of computed tomography images was performed to determine the skeletal muscle index (SMI), which reflects the skeletal muscle mass and skeletal muscle density (SMD) related to muscle strength. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test were used to compare the survival relationships among groups stratified by the SMI, and a Cox proportional hazard model was used for a multivariate analysis. Results A total of 108 patients met the inclusion criteria, including 41 cases of gastric cancer, 46 cases of left colorectal cancer, and 21 cases of right colon cancer. In patients with gastric cancer, the OS of women was significantly shorter than that of men. The OS of patients with a low SMI, low SMD, and low phase angle (PA) was significantly shorter than that of patients with high values (P ≤ 0.05). In the multivariate analysis, the SMD was significantly associated with the patients' long-term survival [Hazard Ratio (HR) = 0.904, 95% CI: 0.840~0.974, P = 0.008]. For patients with a low SMI and PA, the PFS was significantly shorter than that of patients with high values (P ≤ 0.05). In patients with left colon cancer, the PA and SMD were both independent risk factors for a poorer long-term prognosis (HR = 0.375, 95% CI: = 0.167~0.840, P = 0.017; HR = 0.887, 95% CI: 0.824~0.954, P = 0.001). Among right colon cancer patients, the PFS and OS of those with a low SMD were significantly lower than those for patients with high values (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion The PA is an independent risk factor for the OS of left colon cancer patients; the SMD is an independent risk factor for the survival of patients with gastric cancer, left colon cancer, and right colon cancer.
Ocena toksyczności nanocząstek srebra w stosunku do lekoopornych szczepów Escherichia coli izolowanych z odpadów komunalnych

The aim of the study was to evaluate the bactericidal properties of silver nanoparticles against bacteria Escherichia coli. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was made of E. coli to commonly used antibiotics. In the study were used 51 strains isolated from municipal waste. Applied growing concentrations of nanosilver were used: 5, 10, 15, 30, 60 and 125 ppm. The positive control was an antibiotic – ampicillin, negative control – a distilled water. Drug-resistance analysis was performed by disc-diffusion method. Along with the increase in the concentration of silver nanoparticles their antibacterial properties is also growing. The smallest concentration that inhibited growth of some isolates was 5 ppm, while the most effective concentration was 125 ppm. Analysis of drug resistance showed that the antibiotic inhibits growth of a large number of E. coli strains was amikacin. In addition, 22% of all isolates analyzed were drug-resistant. Nanosilver has a high bactericidal potential and may be helpful in solving the problem of drug resistance. However, it is reasonable to conduct further studies on the effects of toxicity of nanoparticles on the environment and higher organisms.
Single Crystal Growth and Superconducting Properties of Antimony Substituted NdO0.7F0.3BiS2

Antimony (Sb) substitution of less than 8% was examined on a single crystal of a layered superconductor NdO0.7F0. 3BiS2. The superconducting transition temperature of the substituted samples decreased as Sb concentration increased. A lattice constant along the c-axis showed a large decrease compared with that along the a-axis. Since in-plane chemical pressure monotonically decreased as Sb concentration increased, the suppression of the superconductivity is attributed to the decrease in the in-plane chemical pressure.
DegSampler: Gibbs sampling strategy for predicting E3-binding sites with position-specific prior information

Background: The ubiquitin-proteasome system is a pathway in eukaryotic cells for degrading polyubiquitin-tagged proteins through the proteasomal machinery to control various cellular processes and maintain intracellular homeostasis. In this system, the E3 ubiquitin ligase (hereinafter E3) plays an important role in selectively recognizing and binding to specific regions of its substrate proteins. The relationship between a substrate protein and its sites bound by E3s is not well understood. Thus, it is challenging to computationally identify such sites in substrate proteins. Results: In this study, we proposed a collapsed Gibbs sampling algorithm called DegSampler (Degron Sampler) to identify the binding sites of E3s. DegSampler employs a position-specific prior probability distribution, based on the estimated information of the disorder-to-order region bound by any protein. Conclusions: Our computational experiments show that DegSampler achieved 5 and 3.5 times higher the F-measure values of MEME and GLAM2, respectively. Thus DegSampler is the first model demonstrating an effective way of using estimated information on disorder-to-order binding regions in motif discovery. We expect our results to improve further as higher quality proteome-wide disorder-to-order binding region data become available.
Effect of green spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) addition in physical, chemical, and sensory properties of marshmallow as an alternative prevention of iron deficiency anemia

Iron deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional disorder in the world. Consuming vegetable which contain iron, including spinach, is an alternative to fulfill iron requirement. Fe will be more easily absorbed in the presence of vitamin C. Tomato is one of vitamin C source that can be used. Spinach can be applied into confectionary products in the form of marshmallow. This research aimed to find out the physical, chemical and sensory properties of green spinach Marshmallow in addition of Tomato, the best formula, and define the category of nutrition contents based on Acuan Label Gizi (ALG). This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor that was different proportion of spinach:tomato (75%: 25%; 50%: 50%; 25%: 75%). The data were analyzed using One Way Anova with 5% significance level. The result of this study showed that the difference of spinach and tomato proportion affect tensile strength, moisture, ash content, Fe content, crude fiber, vitamin C, color and marshmallow’s flavor. Best marshmallow formulation of 25% spinach in addition of 75% tomato had Fe content of 1.159 mg/100g and vitamin C of 44 mg/100g.
Assessment of Physiological, Biochemical and Yield Attributes of Rice Cultivars under Elevated Ozone Stress

The present study aimed to assess the response of 15 rice cultivars exposed to elevated ozone stress. The plants were exposed to 100 ppb ozone (10:00– 17:00 h) for 30 days at the reproductive stage. Elevated ozone significantly alters the physiological, biochemical, growth and yield traits of all test rice cultivars. Elevated ozone exposure significantly decreased photosynthetic rate maximally in MDU5 (42.90%) and TRY(R)2 showed maximum reduction in stomatal conductance (42.39%) and chlorophyll content (41.22%). In terms of yield traits, a decrease in tiller number, number of effective tillers, number of filled spikelets per panicle and 1000 grain weight over the control were also observed. The multivariate analysis with a total variance of 58.86% categorized the 15 rice cultivars into ozone sensitive (TRY(R) 2, ASD16, ADT(R)45 and MDU5), moderately ozone sensitive (ASD18, ADT43, Rice MDU6, ADT36 and ADT37), moderately ozone tolerant (ADT(R)48 CO47 and Rice CO51) and ozone tolerant (Rice TPS5, Anna(R)4 and PMK(R)3) under 100 ppb ozone. The present results revealed that the ozone tolerant rice cultivars would be recommended to cultivate in the regions experiencing high ozone concentration.
CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF TWO PHOSPHONATE SALTS: MONOCYCLOHEXYLAMMONIUM HYDROGEN PHOSPHONATE AND MONOCYCLOHEXYLAMMONIUM PHENYL PHOSPHONATE

Hydrogen phosphonate anions and monocyclohexylammonium cations interacting through hydrogen bonds conduct to the formation of a salt namely monocyclohexylammonium hydrogen phosphonate. In this structure, hydrogen phosphonate anions are linked by pairs through O—H···O hydrogen bonds leading to anionic dimers. Each dimer is connected to its two neighbours through cations via N—H···O hydrogen bonds leading to infinite chains which are then connected by N—H···O hydrogen bonds giving rise to a layered structure. The phenyl phosphonates form dimers that are connected through an expended hydrogen bonding network involving the cations into a layer.
Platinum Complexes with a Phosphino-Oxime/Oximate Ligand

The platinum(II) complex [PtCl2(COD)] (2; COD = 1,5cyclooctadiene) reacted with 1 and 2 equivalents of 2(diphenylphosphino)benzaldehyde oxime (1) to generate [PtCl2{ (P,N)-2-Ph2PC6H4CH=NOH}] (3) and [Pt{ -(P,N)-2Ph2PC6H4CH=NOH}2][Cl]2 (4), respectively. Deprotonation of the oxime hydroxyl group of 3 with Na2CO3 led to the selective formation of the dinuclear species (-O)-[PtCl{-(P,N)-2-Ph2PC6H4CH=NO}]2 (5), while the related methylated derivative (-O)-[PtMe{-(P,N)-2Ph2PC6H4CH=NO}]2 (7) could be obtained from the direct reaction of [PtMe2(COD)] (6) with the phosphino-oxime ligand 1. In the case of 4, its treatment with Na2CO3 yielded complex [Pt({ -(P,N)-2Ph2PC6H4CH=NO}2H)][Cl] (8), as a result of the deprotonation of only one of the OH groups of 4. On the other hand, contrary to what it was observed with 6, no deprotonation of the oxime occurred in the reaction of [PtMe3I]4 (9) with 1, from which the mononuclear Pt(IV) derivative fac-[PtIMe3{ -(P,N)-2-Ph2PC6H4CH=NOH}] (10) was isolated. The solid-state structures of compounds 3, 4, 7 and 10 were determined by X-ray crystallography. In addition, the potential of all the synthesized complexes as catalysts for the dehydrogenative coupling of hydrosilanes with alcohols is also briefly discussed.
CAMBRIDGE WORKING PAPERS IN ECONOMICS An overview of the electrification of residential and commercial heating and cooling and prospects for decarbonisation

Heating and cooling are responsible for over 50% of the world’s final energy consumption, and over 40% of global CO2 emissions. With an increasingly decarbonised electricity grid, the electrification of heating offers one potential alternative to the incumbent, heavily fossil-fuel dominated heating system. However, the high penetration of renewables, the high seasonality and hourly variability of heat demand, and an increasing domestic demand for energy services, including cooling, pose significant balancing challenges for both hourly system operation and the long-term investment decision planning of electricity systems. The combination of both demand-response measures and the integration of flexible systems will be required to deliver low carbon heating and cooling, while integrating an increasing share of renewable electricity, and managing peak load. We provide a global overview of the technical, economic and policy challenges and opportunities to decarbonise heating demand through electrification, in the context of rising demand for cooling services. Reference Details CWPE 20120 Published 9 December 2020 Updated 05 January 2021
Properties Extracellular Action Potentials from Posteromedial Hypothalamus

We have described the electrophysiological properties of the Extracellular Action Potential (EAP) picked up through Microelectrode-Recordings (MERs) from four patients operated under general anaesthesia at Postero-Medial Hypothalamus (PMH) by Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) for erethism. EAPs from the same cell were pooled to obtain a mean EAP (mAP). The amplitudes and durations for all 2/3 phases were computed from the mAP, together with the maximum (dVmax) and minimum (dVmin) values of the first derivative. mAPs are denominated according to the phase polarity (P/N for positive/negative). We obtained a total 159 mAPs, all of them positive and a clear majority triphasic (89.9%) with a small P/N deflection (V1) before depolarization. The percentage of the different types of mAPs was surprisingly similar to that described recently at thalamus and although were some properties as peak-to-peak amplitude or overall duration. We observed a high correlation between absolute amplitude of the first phase (V1) and the amplitudes of either depolarization (V2) or repolarization (V3) phases, meaning that a causal relationship between them probably exists. We postulate capacitive current as responsible for V1, although it’s difficult to explain the appearing of the same polarity for the capacitive voltage and for the voltage induced by transmembrane ionic current.
POSTURE AND BALANCE IN ELDERLY WHO PRACTICE AND WHO DO NOT PRACTICE PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES

This study aimed to compare body posture and equilibrium between the elderly who practice and who do not practice physical activities. This is a cross-sectional and analytical study, with a convenience sample of 245 elderly people, divided into practicing group of physical activity (PG) (n=169) and non-practicing group of physical activity (NPG) (n=76). The balance was evaluated using the Berg scale and the orthostatic body posture through SAPO software and the seated posture by the Rocha and Souza protocol. It was found that the elderly of the PG had better-seated posture (p=0.046), vertical alignment of the right trunk (p=0.039), vertical alignment of the right (p=0.027) and left (p=0.004) left ankle angle (p=0.023), asymmetry of the frontal plane (p=0.008) and balance (p=0.001), compared to the elderly of NPG. It is concluded that the elderly who practice physical activities have better posture and equilibrium, compared to non-practicing ones. This information can be useful to increase and encourage physical practices and physical activities for the elderly programs in Brazil.
Cascade Active Disturbance Rejection Control of a High-Purity Distillation Column with Measurement Noise

Control of high-purity distillation columns is a challenging problem due to their unique characteristics, such as complex dynamics, high nonlinearity, and interaction between the control loops. In this paper, a cascade control strategy, based on active disturbance rejection control, is proposed for a high-purity distillation column. With the proposed strategy, it is shown that the distillation column is almost decoupled by using the extended state observer to estimate and reject the effects of both the internal plant dynamics and the external disturbances. Considering measurement noise, an extended state observer that switches between two gain values is proposed. On the basis of this scheme, the extended state observer can quickly estimate the system state and also reduce the effect of measurement noise. Finally, the simulation results evidence the efficacy of the proposed method.
The effect of different rotamers of histidine-70 on the reaction rates of aqualysin I, a subtilase from the thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus

Subtilisin-like serine proteases have proven to be useful as model proteins in protein engineering to better understand catalytic activity and stability of proteins. This project is a part of a larger research project which focuses on comparison of the enzyme aqualysin I (AQUI) from the thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus with a homologous enzyme from the psychrotrophic Vibrio-species (VPR). In earlier parts of the project, it was observed that catalytic activity (kcat) was doubled, the catalytic efficiency (kcat/KM) tripled and no loss of thermostability was observed in the variant AQUI_D98S. Computer simulations of the D98S variant showed that one of the histidine rotomers (His70), in the catalytic site, was more prevalent compared to the wild type. The variant N68Q showed similar results in computer simulations and it was hypothesized that it might have similar characteristics. This project was an attempt to define the N68Q variant’s characteristics experimentally. The AQUI_N68Q variant was produced and the Michaelis-Menten kinetics, and thermostability experiments were conducted. The observed thermostability of the variant showed no significant deviations from the wild type. The kinetic characteristics for the variant changed less than expected with KM dropping from 1.00 mM (± 0.05 mM) to 0.81 mM (± 0.05 mM) and the turnover-number (kcat) dropping from 33.3 s-1 (± 4.6 s-1) to 33.6 s-1 (± 5.7 s-1) with no significant change in catalytic efficiency (kcat/KM) compared to the wild type. Observed kinetic parameters of the wild type of AQUI in this project were different from the kinetic parameters measured before in other projects in the same lab.
Innovative and Smart Methodology towards Kidney Disease Detection in Earlier Stage

In modern era of medical field, kidney diseases are the foremost common diseases found in the majority of the populations in subsequent years. The essential is diagnosing the problem and however advanced task that ought to be accomplished precisely with proficiently. In most of the cases, kidney condition leads to loss of life. Diagnosing could be a tough thus the intention of the research is to develop a neural-trained system to spot kidney condition risk of the patients. The Artificial Neural network will collect the data from the previous method and it will be helpful to identify the chance factors on the premise of provided data. This paper uses neural techniques for diagnosing of the kidney disease. MATLAB simulation was employed as a development tool.
What Can the Conjunction Fallacy Tell Us about Human Reasoning?

In this chapter, I will brieﬂy summarize and discuss the main results obtained from more than three decades of studies on the conjunction fallacy (hereafter CF) and will argue that this striking and widely debated reasoning error is a robust phenomenon that can systematically aﬀect laypeople’s as much as experts’ probabilistic inferences, with potentially relevant real-life consequences. I will then introduce what is, in my view, the best explanation for the CF and indicate how it allows the reconciliation of some classic probabilistic reasoning errors with the outstanding reasoning performances that humans have been shown capable of. Finally, I will tackle the open issue of the greater accuracy and reliability of evidential impact assessments over those of posterior probability and outline how further research on this topic might also contribute to the development of eﬀective human-like computing.
ENTITY EXTRACTION FROM UNSTRUCTURED MEDICAL TEXT

Electronic medical records represent rich data repositories loaded with valuable patient information. As artificial intelligence and machine learning in the field of medicine is becoming more popular by the day, ways to integrate it are always changing. One such way is processing the clinical notes and records, which are maintained by doctors and other medical professionals. Natural language processing can record this data and read more deeply into it than any human. Deep learning techniques such as entity extraction which involves identifying and returning of key data elements from an electronic medical record, and other techniques involving models such as BERT for question answering, when applied to all these medical records can create bespoke and efficient treatment plans for the patients, which can help in a swift and carefree recovery.
Ore Pretreatment Methods for Grinding: Journey and Prospects

ABSTRACT Pretreatment of ores to improve energy efficacy of grinding has been explored for decades. However, many of these techniques are still at developmental stages and a review has been presented in this paper to discuss the research journey and problems associated with commercialization of these techniques. This review reveals that a variety of stress-generating techniques have been used to treat the composition and morphology of particles to improve the grinding process. Grinding additives are used commercially successful technology while microwave pretreatment also has been successfully piloted. Newly developed techniques such as ultrasonics and electric disintegration have shown potential for success but the cost economics of these processes is still not as attractive as desired. Incipient techniques based on bio-milling, shock waves, and nuclear hold promise for the future. It is also expected that the technological advances around information technology, instrumentation, and energy science will help to solve techno-economic challenges associated with commercialization of the known technologies. Demand for energy-efficient grinding pretreatment methods will grow in the future considering the depletion of high-grade resources and stringent environmental constraints related to reject disposal.
Assessing Disparity Using Measures of Racial and Educational Isolation

We develop a local, spatial measure of educational isolation (EI) and characterize the relationship between EI and our previously developed measure of racial isolation (RI). EI measures the extent to which non-college educated individuals are exposed primarily to other non-college educated individuals. To characterize how the RI-EI relationship varies across space, we propose a novel measure of local correlation. Using birth records from the State of Michigan (2005–2012), we estimate associations between RI, EI, and birth outcomes. EI was lower in urban communities and higher in rural communities, while RI was highest in urban areas and parts of the southeastern United States (US). We observed greater heterogeneity in EI in low RI tracts, especially in non-urban tracts; residents of high RI tracts are likely to be both educationally and racially isolated. Associations were also observed between RI, EI, and gestational length (weeks) and preterm birth (PTB). For example, moving from the lowest to the highest quintile of RI was associated with a 1.11 (1.07, 1.15) and 1.16 (1.10, 1.22) increase in odds of PTB among NHB and NHW women, respectively. Moving from the lowest to the highest quintile of EI was associated with a 1.07 (1.02, 1.12) and 1.03 (1.00, 1.05) increase in odds of PTB among NHB and NHW women, respectively. This work provides three tools (RI, EI, and the local correlation measure) to researchers and policymakers interested in how residential isolation shapes disparate outcomes.