Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vertical interaction in open software engineering communities

Software engineering is still a relatively young field, struggling to develop consistent standards and methods across the domain. For a given project, developers can choose from dozens of models, tools, platforms, and languages for specification, design, implementation, and testing. The globalization of software engineering and the rise of Open Source further complicate the issues as firms now must collaborate and coordinate with other firms and individuals possessing a myriad of goals, norms, values, expertise, and preferences. This thesis uses four empirical studies to take a vertical examination of Open Source ecosystems and identify the way that foundations, firms, and individuals come together to create large scale software ecosystems and produce world class software despite their differing goals and values. First, I examine Open Source as a collaborative phenomenon between firms and non-profit foundations that support many communities and identify the ways in which non-profit foundations enable member firms to create value in the ecosystem. Next, an empirical study of direct collaboration between firms within the Eclipse system reveals that most firms operate relatively independently, but there is still heavy reliance on a single dominant player for core portions of the ecosystem. I then evaluate how the presence of commercial firms affects the attraction and retention of volunteer developers in an Open Source community. The final study examines how individual developers manage their dependencies in Open Source and extends the socio-technical congruence metric to address changing requirements and facilitate the metric as a tool for continual use. Finally, based on the findings of these studies, I close with a set of recommendations for stakeholders investing in Open Source.
Wafer level measurement system for SARF characterization of metal lines

A feasibility study concerning the application of the SARF technique at wafer level has been performed. The main problem of this type of measurements is the excess noise generated at the point contacts used to supply the lines under investigation with the test current. This problem has been successfully solved by setting up a probe station entirely contained in a shielded box and by supplying the samples under test by means of purposely designed low noise current sources. The background noise of the whole measurement system coincides with that of the system used until now for packaged samples.
Risk Assessment of Non-Performing Loans (NPL) Using Extreme Value Theory

This paper answers two research questions: what is the appropriate modeling tool for NPL study? and whether the NPL rates in Thailand show improving or deteriorating trend? NPL is of interests to management decision makers because it serves as an indicator for assessing risk in commercial loans. The methodologies employed in this research are system analysis under Extreme Value Theory (EVT) and relevant tests suggested by the Tail index. Conventional time series models, such as AR, MA, ARIMA and ARIMAV are not adequate to deal with short term risk assessment due to restrictive assumptions in autoregressive modeling and the requirement of longer observation period. This research fills the gap in the literature left by conventional time series modeling. NPL data of ten industries in Thailand for a period of eight operating quarters from 2013 to 2014 were used. It was found that there are two types of distribution among NPL rates. Eight industries are distributed Weibull and two industries are distributed Frechet. This finding further reinforces the use of EVT as an appropriate modeling tool for NPL studies. Under EVT, it was found that the risk threshold for Thailand’s NPL is 10.91 where three industries showing NPL near or beyond this threshold. The proposed method of NPL analysis in this paper provides a practical tool for decision makers in NPL management.
Decreasing Mortality Associated With the Introduction of Surfactant Therapy: An Observational Study of Neonates Weighing 601 to 1300 Grams at Birth

Objective. To determine whether the introduction of surfactant therapy was associated with decreased mortality for high-risk preterm neonates weighing 601 to 1300 g at birth. Design. Before-after observational study. Setting. Eight tertiary care neonatal intensive care units participating in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. Patients. The outcomes for neonates with birth weight 601 to 1300 g admitted in the 2 years before surfactants became available (n = 2780) were compared with those of neonates admitted in the year beginning 2 months after surfactants became available (n = 1413). Main outcome measures. The primary outcome measure was in-hospital mortality; secondary outcome measures included durations of assisted ventilation, length of hospitalization, and neonatal morbidity. Results. Forty percent of neonates in the postsurfactant group received surfactant (range 28% to 69% at the centers). Mortality decreased from 27.8% before to 19.9% after surfactant therapy was introduced (Mantel-Haenszel x2 = 31.4, P = .001). The adjusted odds ratio for mortality after surfactants became available was 0.73 (95% confidence interval 0.55 to 0.95). The duration of assisted ventilation and length of hospitalization increased after surfactants were introduced (P = .0001 for both outcomes). Conclusion. Mortality for neonates weighing 601 to 1300 g decreased after surfactant therapy was introduced, suggesting that the efficacy of surfactants demonstrated in randomized controlled trials will translate into effectiveness in routine clinical care.
Evaluating certification authority security

A growing number of applications in the Internet are making use of X.509 public key certificates. Examples include security protocols such as SSL (used in web browsers), IPsec (used in firewalls and desktop computers), S/MIME (a secure e-mail protocol), and SET (the electronic commerce credit card transaction protocol). The public key certificates employed by the applications are created by Certification Authorities (CAs), that vouch for the binding of various attributes (e.g., identity) to a public key. Thus security of these applications is dependent on the security of the CA function. This paper examines security for CAs. It begins with a characterization of security requirements for CAs and continues with an exploration of the wide range of attacks that can be mounted against CAs. Included are attacks against network communications, against the operating systems used by CAs, "close-in" technical attacks against CA components (including cryptographic modules), and even misbehavior by human operators. The paper concludes with an examination of three approaches to implementing CA cryptographic support functions, analyzing each relative to the attack scenarios developed earlier in the paper.
A comprehensive method for the calculation of inductance coefficients of cage induction machines

In this paper, a new comprehensive method for the calculation of inductance coefficients of squirrel cage induction machine based on combined winding function approach (WFA) and magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) is presented. By taking into account machine geometry, rotor skewing, stator and rotor slots effects and type of windings connection, this method is able to model most of the important features of an induction machine. The effects of each machine parameter on the inductance coefficients are verified. Also, effects of several rotor asymmetries on these inductances are shown. Simulation results are verified by more elaborate nonlinear finite element model and finally with experimental results.
Visual Representations for Monitoring Project Performance: Developing Novel Prototypes for Improved Communication

AbstractMaintaining project control demands construction project managers navigate the discrepancies between target and actual performance—a specific challenge for large-scale construction projects that generate large amounts of ever-changing data. Project managers often use visual representations of data to make better-informed decisions; however, current approaches often fail to manifest the multifaceted considerations that render a successful project. Better visual representation tools would streamline communication and improve project efficiency. Applying a variety of research methods ranging from literature reviews to simulation and usability tests, this investigation’s six-step process developed four alternative visual representations prototypes for improved performance monitoring: Activity Icons, Map of Activities, Activity Wall, and Activity Gazer. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge by iteratively designing these four prototype visual representations in consultation with experienced p.
High-Throughput Screening Campaign Identified a Potential Small Molecule RXFP3/4 Agonist

Relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 3 (RXFP3) belongs to class A G protein-coupled receptor family. RXFP3 and its endogenous ligand relaxin-3 are mainly expressed in the brain with important roles in the regulation of appetite, energy metabolism, endocrine homeostasis and emotional processing. It is therefore implicated as a potential target for treatment of various central nervous system diseases. Since selective agonists of RXFP3 are restricted to relaxin-3 and its analogs, we conducted a high-throughput screening campaign against 32,021 synthetic and natural product-derived compounds using a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) measurement-based method. Only one compound, WNN0109-C011, was identified following primary screening, secondary screening and dose-response studies. Although displayed agonistic effect in cells overexpressing the human RXFP3, it also showed cross-reactivity with the human RXFP4. This hit compound may provide not only a chemical probe to investigate the function of RXFP3/4, but also a novel scaffold for the development of RXFP3/4 agonists.
Assessment of Climate Change Impact on Snowmelt Runoff in Himalayan Region

The current study was planned to simulate runoff due to the snowmelt in the Lidder River catchment of Himalayan region under climate change scenarios. A basic degree-day model, Snowmelt-Runoff Model (SRM) was utilized to assess the hydrological consequences of change in climate. The SRM model performance during the calibration and validation was assessed using volume difference (Dv) and coefficient of determination (R2). The Dv was found as 11.7, -10.1, -11.8, 1.96, and 8.6 during 2009-2014, respectively, while the R2 is 0.96, 0.92, 0.95, 0.90, and 0.94, respectively. The Dv and R2 values indicating that the simulated snowmelt runoff has a close agreement with the observed value. The simulated findings were also assessed under the different scenarios of climate change: a) increases in precipitation by +20 %, b) temperature rise of +2 °C, and c) temperature rise of +2 °C with a 20 % increase in snow cover. In scenario "b", the simulated results showed that runoff increased by 53 % in summer (April–September). In contrast, the projected increased discharge for scenarios "a" and "c" was 37 % and 67 %, respectively. In high elevation data-scarce mountain environments, the SRM is efficient in forecasting future water supplies due to the snowmelt runoff.
Evaluation of Heavy Metals contamination in Marketed Lipsticks

Manuscript History: History of cosmetics spans atleast 6000 years of human history and every society on earth. The use of cosmetics in our country can be dated back to the Vedic times that are as early as 1000 B.C. The present study focuses on toxic metals in cosmetics product Lipstick and does not deal with the beneficial or detrimental effects of any other ingredients in such products. Furthermore, the choice of samples for study has been based on the most readily available cosmetics brand in the market. The main objective of the study is quantitative analysis of various toxic metals in cosmetic product Lipstick with a view to emphasize the need for pharmacovigilance of cosmetic products. The samples were analyzed according to standardized international protocols by wet digestion method, by a Flame Emission Spectrophotometer. In addition, the present studies are restricted to lipsticks sold in the Delhi region. Random sampling methodology adopted in this study, fairly indicative results have been obtained which are suggestive of which particular brands need to be more rigorously tested. The safety and toxicity assessment of cosmetic products such as lipsticks is a critical issue that is not only affected by scientific questions, but also by the responsible regulatory agencies as well as consumers, health ministry and governmental organizers. There is an urgent need to stop importing unsafe cosmetics.
On-Chip Optical Routing With Provably Good Algorithms for Path Clustering and Assignment

As the VLSI technology continues to scale down, combined with increasing demands for large bandwidth and low-power consumption, the optical interconnections with wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) become an attractive alternative for on-chip signal transmission. Previous WDM-aware optical routing works consist of three main drawbacks: they are based mainly on heuristics or restricted integer linear programming to handle optical routing, the addressed types of insertion loss, and WDM overheads are incomplete, and the crosstalk noise during concurrent signal transmission is neglected. As a result, no performance guarantees can be achieved on their WDM clustering results, the reliability of the optical network is impaired, and/or their computations are too time consuming. To remedy these disadvantages, we present a new WDM-aware optical routing flow to minimize the insertion loss, the WDM overheads, and the crosstalk noise with a significant speedup. In the proposed flow, the WDM-aware path clustering algorithm guarantees to find an optimal solution for 1-, 2-, and 3-path clustering and has the constant performance bound for most cases of 4-path clustering; the crosstalk-aware path assignment guarantees to minimize the number of crosstalk signal pairs within the given displacement bound. Experimental results based on the ISPD 2007 and 2019 contest benchmarks and a real optical design show that our optical router significantly outperforms published works in wirelength, insertion loss, wavelength power, crosstalk noise, and runtimes.
Assessment of the efficacy of some bio-rational pesticide formulations for the management of yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas Wlk. in paddy field

Extent of suppression of paddy yellow stem borer population by eleven selected pesticide formulations (9 biopesticide + 2 synthetic pesticide) was studied in the field of paddy cultivar Swarna mashuri (MTU 7029) during three consecutive kharif crop seasons of 2007-2009 at Raiganj, Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal, India. Experiment was done following complete randomized block design and had three replications for each year. All treatments were significantly effective in checking stem borer infestation causing the decrease of both dead heart (DH) and white head (WH) number. Numerically, least damage was noted for monocrotophos 36 WSC. This was followed by carbofuran 3G, nimbecidine - 2.5%, neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) - 5%, B. thuringiensis-2ml/L, neem leaf extract (NLE)- 2%, neem oil-2%, karanja seed kernel extract (KSKE)-5%, mahua oil-2%, Vitex negundo extract in ascending order. The control plot has registered maximum DH and WH. In consideration of yield increase over control, maximum efficacy was registered for monocrotophos respectively followed by carbofuran, nimbecidine, B.thuringiensis ,NSKE ,NLE, mahua oil, neem oil, KSKE, V. negundo and plant mixture in descending order. Significant differences in the number of effective tillers/m 2 , panicle/m 2 leaf area index and dry matter production/ m 2 in consideration of different treatment formulation was noted. But plant height, panicle length, and 1000 seed
Fast Light-Driven Motion of Polydopamine Nanomembranes

The actuation of micro- and nanostructures controlled by external stimuli remains one of the exciting challenges in nanotechnology due to the wealth of fundamental questions and potential applications in energy harvesting, robotics, sensing, biomedicine, and tunable metamaterials. Photoactuation utilizes the conversion of light into motion through reversible chemical and physical processes and enables remote and spatiotemporal control of the actuation. Here, we report a fast light-to-motion conversion in few-nanometer thick bare polydopamine (PDA) membranes stimulated by visible light. Light-induced heating of PDA leads to desorption of water molecules and contraction of membranes in less than 140 μs. Switching off the light leads to a spontaneous expansion in less than 20 ms due to heat dissipation and water adsorption. Our findings demonstrate that pristine PDA membranes are multiresponsive materials that can be harnessed as robust building blocks for soft, micro-, and nanoscale actuators stimulated by light, temperature, and moisture level.
Vehicle Capacity and Fuel Consumption in Household Fleets

Vehicle capability is one of the factors that constrain the set of transportation options available for personal transportation. The capacity for carrying passengers and cargo is of particular interest when energy consumption is considered, because the use of more efficient vehicles may be limited for trips with higher load requirements. This paper presents a method for considering trip capacity requirements when the available vehicles are assigned to the trips on a household activity schedule. A constraint-based vehicle assignment model that uses the trip data from the 2001 National Household Travel Survey as an example is introduced. Initial results from the analysis of these data show that by optimally assigning existing vehicles to trips, the average value of potential fuel savings ranges from 5% to 23%, depending on the size and vehicle type composition of the household fleet. Households with more vehicles in the fleet and a more diverse range of vehicles to choose from are able to achieve greater fuel savings than those with more homogeneous fleets. Considering the extent to which household vehicle assignment decisions were already consistent with the minimization of fuel consumption, in 2001 actual household vehicle assignment was, on average, only slightly better than random.
DIFERENCIAÇÃO E FOCO PARA OBTENÇÃO DE VANTAGEM COMPETITIVA: O CASO DA BETA SISTEMAS

This case exposes elements for reflections and discussions about strategic positioning in an enterprise software development and consulting in information technology. Based in Serra Gaucha, the company operates throughout the national territory, with its main customers are located in the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo, Bahia and Mato Grosso do Sul. The case unfolds from the back of a journey of the young owner of the company software development and consulting in information technology to Salvador, where it shut another big project with one of its best customers in the industry of fruit, but instead of being content was very worried about how he would deliver the project within agreed between the parties, by virtue of its staff being overworked. After all, serving customers in more than thirty areas of activity the company faces a strategic dilemma: to specialize or spray your performance in various sectors? So what strategy should the firm choose? The data for the preparation of this teaching case were obtained through semi-structured interviews with managers and through secondary data such as internal documents, websites, and direct observation. This case can be used as an auxiliary tool for teaching, especially in disciplines related to strategy, undergraduate and post-graduation management courses.
A Fresh Look at the Contribution of Project Management to Organizational Performance

A better understanding of organizational performance and the contribution that project management can make is the aim. The article adopts the “Competing Values Framework,” a rich framework that is well established both theoretically and empirically but is not well known in the field of project management. The framework is summarized and applied in an empirical investigation of the contribution of project management in general and project management offices (PMOs) in particular to organizational performance. The examination of 11 case studies revealed multiple concurrent and sometimes paradoxical perspectives. The criteria proposed by the framework have been further developed through the identification of a preliminary set of empirically grounded performance indicators. The empirical results contribute to a better understanding of the role of project management generally and PMOs specifically. They also demonstrate the usefulness of this framework for the study of project management's contribution to organizational performance.
All-Solid-State 228.5 nm DUV Light Source by quadrupling of an Acousto-Optically Q-Switched Nd:YVO4 Laser

All-solid-state 228.5 nm Deep Ultraviolet (DUV) laser has been studied with two-step second harmonious generation (SHG) of Nd:YVO4 914 nm fundamental laser, by optimizing its resonator design and SHG configurations. Adopting three-mirror folded V cavity and acousto-optical Q-switching, high peak power 457 nm laser output has been achieved by intracavity frequency-doubling of LD pumped Nd:YVO4 914 nm fundamental laser. At pump power of 41 W, the average output power for 457 nm laser has reached 600 mW at repetition frequency 10 kHz, 50 ns pulse width. With Type-I phase matching BBO crystal, externally frequency-doubling of 457 nm blue output was realized and optimized. Under LD pump power of 41 W, DUV laser at 228.5 nm with average output power of 35 mW has been achieved, at repetition frequency 10 kHz and pulse width of 46 ns. Under these conditions, the frequency doubling conversion efficiency is 5.8%, and the DUV laser output power instability is less than 2% in 2-hour test.
MICROTEACHING LESSON STUDY FOR PROSPECTIVE ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHERS: DESIGNING A RESEARCH LESSON

In this study, Microteaching Lesson Study (hereafter MLS) was applied for a research lesson designed by the MLS group members including three third-year prospective English language teachers in line with the Content and Language Integrated Learning (hereafter CLIL) approach. This qualitative study aims to uncover the contribution of MLS to the improvement of the teaching within a single lesson geared toward young learners and the perspectives of MLS group members about major components of the MLS process. The participants of the study are three MLS group members, 15 peers and an instructor in the English Language Teaching (hereafter ELT) department of a state university in Turkey. The lesson collaboratively developed by the MLS group members was presented three times by a different member to a different group of five peers who pretended to be young learners. After each lesson, revision meetings were held to analyze the self-reflection of the presenter, the peer/instructor feedback about the lesson and the recorded lesson. The analysis of the revision meetings illustrated the instructional improvement cycle of MLS. Moreover, the analysis of the semi-structured interviews with the MLS group members revealed that they were generally satisfied with the major components of MLS, such as collaborative lesson planning and receiving feedback from peers although a few concerns were mentioned as well. It is suggested that MLS should be incorporated into ELT programs.