Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Harmonious Relations: Relational Interdependence Moderates Affective Reactivity to Interpersonal Stressors

Negative social interactions have been linked to worse psychological health. However, individuals’ perceptions of negative interactions may depend on relational interdependent self-construal or how much they define the self in terms of their close relationships. The current analysis examined whether the effect of three different stressors on daily mood is moderated by having a relational self-construal. Participants (N = 833) from a national, community-based study reported relational self-construal, the experience of three types of stressors, negative affect, and positive affect on 8 consecutive days. Compared to less relationally interdependent individuals, more relationally interdependent individuals experienced a greater increase in negative affect from the prior day when an interpersonal conflict occurred but a lesser increase in negative affect from the prior day when an interpersonal conflict was avoided. These results suggest that the type of interpersonal stressor determines whether self-construal is a risk factor or protective factor for psychological health.
Analysis of mobile monitoring data from the microAeth® MA200 for measuring changes in black carbon on the roadside in Augsburg

Abstract. The portable microAeth® MA200 (MA200) is widely applied for measuring black carbon in human exposure profiling and mobile air quality monitoring. Due to it being relatively new on the market, the field lacks a refined assessment of the instrument's performance under various settings and data post-processing approaches. This study assessed the mobile real-time performance of the MA200 to determine a suitable noise reduction algorithm in an urban area, Augsburg, Germany. Noise reduction and negative value mitigation were explored via different data post-processing methods (i.e., local polynomial regression (LPR), optimized noise reduction averaging (ONA), and centred moving average (CMA)) under common sampling interval times (i.e., 5, 10, and 30 s). After noise reduction, the treated data were evaluated and compared by (1) the amount of useful information attributed to retention of microenvironmental characteristics, (2) the relative number of negative values remaining, (3) the reduction and retention of peak samples, and (4) the amount of useful signal retained after correction for local background conditions. Our results identify CMA as a useful tool for isolating the central trends of raw black carbon concentration data in real time while reducing nonsensical negative values and the occurrence and magnitudes of peak samples that affect visual assessment of the data without substantially affecting bias. Correction for local background concentrations improved the CMA treatment by bringing nuanced microenvironmental changes into view. This analysis employs a number of different post-processing methods for black carbon data, providing comparative insights for researchers looking for black carbon data smoothing approaches, specifically in a mobile monitoring framework and data collected using the microAeth® series of Aethalometer.
An Innovative Experimental Petrographic Study of Concrete Produced by Animal Bones and Human Hair Fibers

The sustainable use of agricultural, industrial and human waste products as raw materials in the construction industry has been extensively investigated. This study aimed to conceive an innovative concrete composition mainly using recycled materials, which, as a result as waste from human activities and natural organic growth, such as animal bones and human hair, will be used in different mixtures in order to prepare concrete specimens. More specifically, the effect of these materials upon the final concrete strength was investigated, as well as how their petrographic characteristics may influence the durability of concrete specimens. Special emphasis was placed on the effect of the artificial increase in bone and hair microroughness and how these can improve the mechanical strength of the final product. The research results point towards the fact that the percentage of the replacement of natural aggregate rocks by animal bones tends to be enhanced by the increase in their microroughness using quartz primer. In addition, the use of bones with increased artificial microroughness and a certain percentage of human hair with increased microtopography seems to be the ideal mixture for the replacement of natural aggregates for the production of normal concrete.
Analysis of the Soft-Switching Tuning Effect on the Figures of Merit Involved in the Design of a Class-E Amplifier with Finite DC-Feed Inductance

This paper explores the design of a Class-E amplifier with finite DC-feed inductance using three tuning methods. Furthermore, this work quantifies the impacts of the tuning process (referred to in this paper as the tuning effect) on the main figures of merit (FoMs) of this amplifier. The tuning goals were to guarantee two conditions: zero voltage and zero voltage derivative switching (i.e., soft-switching tuning). To the best of the authors’ knowledge, systematic tuning methods have not been analyzed before for this amplifier topology. Two of them are based on the iterative component tuning process, and they have been explored previously in the design of the conventional class-E amplifier with an RF choke inductance. The last tuning method explores the simultaneous adjustment of the control signal period and one amplifier capacitor. The analyzed tuning methods were validated by extensive simulations of case studies, which were designed following the power specifications of the Qi standard. In 100% and 96% of the case studies, zero voltage switching (ZVS) and zero-derivative voltage switching (ZDS) were achieved, respectively. Furthermore, we identified an unexpected behavior in the tuning process (referred to in this paper as the turning point), which consisted of a change of the expected trend of the soft-switching (i.e., ZVS and ZDS) point, and it occurred in 21% of the case studies. When this behavior occurred and converged to at least ZVS, the tuning process required more iterations and a large number of tuning variables. Additionally, after the tuning process, the total harmonic distortion and output power capacity were improved (i.e., in 78% and 61% of the case studies, respectively), whereas the output power, drain and added power efficiencies deteriorated (i.e., in 83%, 61% and 65% of the case studies, respectively) in the overall case studies. However, we could not identify an improvement in the overall FoMs related to the soft-switching tuning. Furthermore, the tuning impact was significant and produced some improvements and some deleterious effects for the FoMs in each case study, without a clear trend by FoMs or by tuning method. Therefore, the amplifier designer may choose the more favorable tuning method and the related FoM trade-offs for the required design specifications.
Molecular droplets vs bubbles: Effect of curvature on surface tension and Tolman length

Droplets and bubbles are thought to be two sides of the same coin; this work determines how true this is at the molecular scale. Stable cylindrical nanodroplets and nanobubbles are obtained in Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations with three-phase contact lines pinned by alternate hydrophobic and hydrophilic patterns. The surface tension and Tolman length for both types of curved interfaces are obtained with the Kirkwood–Buff method, based on the difference between normal and tangential pressure components. Both bubble and droplet cases are compared to the flat interface case for reference. Results show that the surface tension decreases linearly while the Tolman length increases linearly with the gas/liquid density ratio. By running a careful parameter study of the flat interface over a range of densities, the effect of the density ratio can be corrected isolating the effects of curvature on the surface tension and Tolman length. It is found that such effects start to be seen when the equimolar curvature radius goes down to 20 reduced Lennard–Jones (LJ) units. They have the same magnitude but act with opposite signs for nanodroplet and nanobubble interfaces. Considering effects of the density ratio and curvature, a fitted Tolman equation was obtained, which predicts the surface tension of a curved interface. Results obtained by the fitted Tolman equation agree well with those obtained by the MD simulations except at very small curvature radius (<10 reduced LJ units) due to the accumulation of the curvature dependence of the Tolman length.
Prediction of Ice Crystal Size Distribution after Freezing of Pharmaceutical Solutions

In the pharmaceutical industry, much attention has been given to the problem of predicting the average size of solvent crystals formed during freezing of pharmaceutical solutions. All the methods proposed in the literature to respond to this request are based on empirical laws, while the present work focuses on the development of a mechanistic model. This model was found to give physical theoretical background on the relationship between solvent crystal size, velocity of the freezing front, and temperature gradients within the product being frozen, which was postulated by the empirical laws previously proposed. Model simulations were validated upon experimental observations obtained by scanning electron microscopy. More specifically, the average size of solvent crystals was determined from that of pores formed after lyophilization of the frozen solutions, provided that no matrix collapse occurred. The developed model was demonstrated to be valid over a wide range of freezing conditions, and for solutions .
Buck Circuit Design With Pseudo-Constant Frequency and Constant On-Time for High Current Point-of-Load Regulation

This paper introduces an accurate frequency regulation method based on a constant on-time (COT) buck regulator designed for point-of-load (POL) regulation with a fast load transient requirement and wide load range. Traditional COT regulators suffer from frequency shift due to load variations. The proposed frequency adjustment circuit helps the COT control engine to reach its target frequency of operation by adjusting the on-time pulse under varying conditions. This circuit includes a phase detector and a voltage-to-current converter block. The phase error between the target clock signal and the PWM is directly used to adjust the width of the on-time pulse. This will fine-tune the bandwidth of the frequency regulation loop, which can help to improve the transient performance of the COT as well. The fabricated chip has been tested under 20A/ $\mu \text{s}$ load transient speed with a 10A load step condition. The measured silicon performance shows that the error of the switching frequency is less than 0.16% in the 400kHz to 1MHz range during steady-state operation.
Inter‐Basin Interaction Between Variability in the South Atlantic Ocean and the El Niño/Southern Oscillation

Oceanic variability that interacts with the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has been well identified in most ocean basins; however, the effect of variability over the South Atlantic (SA) on the ENSO is unknown. This study demonstrates that dominant mode of subtropical SA sea surface temperature (SST) variability during the boreal winter, referred to as the South Atlantic Subtropical Dipole (SASD), contributes to occurrence of an El Niño a year later. During a positive SASD, low‐tropospheric anticyclonic circulation anomalies over the mid‐latitude SA reduce convective activities over southeastern South America. The low‐tropospheric divergence anomalies associated with the reduced convection attenuate the occurrence of South American Low‐Level Jet, and moisture supply is directed along the South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ). The increased precipitation over the SACZ leads to an anomalous surface easterly that lowers the SST over the equatorial Atlantic and eventually modulates the zonal Walker circulation, thereby favoring El Niño development.
Evaluación del impacto de políticas públicas: análisis temporal del programa de reindustrialización en España

El objetivo de esta investigación es el de contribuir en la literatura económica acerca de la importancia de la evaluación del impacto de las políticas públicas en orden a mejorar la asignación de los recursos financieros, así como contribuir a la productividad y eficiencia de las empresas. Para ello se ha tomado como referencia el programa REINDUS, que es uno de los instrumentos más representativos de la política industrial en España y, que otorga, entre otros, préstamos blandos a empresas con el propósito de impulsar el desarrollo industrial a través de la mejora empresarial y la eficiencia de los sectores productivos. El periodo analizado comprende las convocatorias entre 2009 y 2014, teniendo como base 689 PYMEs con información requerida. Los resultados obtenidos mediante el cálculo del Índice de Productividad de Malmquist y sus componentes, muestran que esta política pública no ha tenido un impacto positivo en la productividad (TFP) de las empresas tratadas respecto a las de control, presentándose un retroceso tecnológico (frontier-shift), compensado con una mejora de la eficiencia (catch-up) que puede atribuirse en parte al comportamiento del mercado laboral en el periodo analizado. El retroceso tecnológico observado en las empresas contrasta con los objetivos de la política, que sugiere una revisión de los criterios de asignación y seguimiento en la ejecución de las inversiones financiadas.
Biological Control of Pear Valsa Canker Caused by Valsa pyri Using Penicillium citrinum

Valsa canker caused by Valsa pyri is one of the most destructive diseases of commercial pear. For the present analysis, 29 different endophytic fungal strains were isolated from the branches of a healthy pear tree. In dual culture assays, strain ZZ1 exhibited robust antifungal activity against all tested pathogens including Valsa pyri. Microscopic analyses suggested that following co-culture with ZZ1, the hyphae of V. pyri were ragged, thin, and ruptured. ZZ1 also induced significant decreases in lesion length and disease incidence on detached pear branches inoculated with V. pyri. ZZ1 isolate-derived culture filtrates also exhibited antifungal activity against V. pyri, decreasing mycelial growth and conidium germination and inhibiting V. pyri-associated lesion development on pear branches. These results suggest that the ZZ1 isolate has the potential for use as a biological control agent against V. pyri. The strain was further identified as Penicillium citrinum based on its morphological characteristics and molecular analyses. Overall, these data highlight a potentially valuable new biocontrol resource for combating pear Valsa canker.
Near-Omnidirectional Broadband Metamaterial Absorber for TM-Polarized Wave Based on Radiation Pattern Synthesis

The satisfactory realization of a metamaterial (MM) absorber simultaneously occupying low-profile, wide-bandwidth, particularly and fully angular stability characteristics is a long-term challenge. In this article, we propose a new design method to accomplish above realization based on the radiation pattern synthesis. In the design, a mushroom-type MM absorber is simply covered with different resistive sheets, which empower it with the admirable low-profile, wide-bandwidth, and near-omnidirectional absorption for the TM-polarized wave. In order to guide our design, the characteristic mode theory is first employed to synthesize the omnidirectional radiation pattern and the dissipation tailoring is then utilized to achieve the impedance matching and near-omnidirectional absorption conversion. A proof-of-concept sample is fabricated and measured for verification. At quasi-normal incidence, the measured bandwidth characterized by absorption more than 90% covers 1.5–4.5 GHz with fractional bandwidth (FBW) 100% and the thickness about $0.11\lambda _{0}$ at 1.5 GHz. In the frequency band of 1.9–4.2 GHz, the simulation results indicate that the absorption for TM and TE polarizations of approximately 90% can be, respectively, up to incident angles of 82° and 45°, and its effectiveness within 10°–70° is verified with measurements.
Denoising Surface Waves Extracted From Ambient Noise Recorded by 1‐D Linear Array Using Three‐Station Interferometry of Direct Waves

We develop an automatic workflow for enhancing surface wave signals in ambient noise cross correlations (ANCs) calculated for a one‐dimensional (1‐D) linear array. The proposed array‐based method is applied to a 1.6 km‐long dense linear nodal array crossing surface traces of the San Jacinto fault near Anza, California. Fundamental and higher modes of surface waves are observed in ANCs of the nodal array. After attenuating the surface wave overtones by applying a frequency‐dependent tapering window to the ANCs, signals dominated by the fundamental mode surface wave are then enhanced through a denoising process based on three‐station interferometry of direct waves. The signal‐to‐noise ratio is significantly increased at high frequencies (>2 Hz) after denoising. Phase travel times are extracted reliably in the frequency domain for the period ranges of 0.3–1.2 s and 0.3–1.6 s for Rayleigh and Love waves, respectively. The corresponding period‐dependent phase velocity profiles derived from the eikonal equation reveal high‐resolution details of fault zone internal structures beneath the array. A broad (500–1,000 m) low‐velocity zone that narrows with increasing period is observed, illuminating a flower‐shaped structure of the San Jacinto fault damage zone.
Changing trends in the management of corpus luteum haemorrhage

Corpus luteal haemorrhage usually causes only mild symptoms and resolve spontaneously, however, it can cause massive bleeding in certain patients with coagulation or bleeding disorders. Over a decade, the management of corpus luteum haemorrhage has shifted from surgical to conservative management. This article focuses on selection of patients for conservative management so that the morbidities associated with the surgery can be avoided. Conservative management includes optimization of oxygen carrying capacity of blood, correction of coagulopathy and appropriate analgesia. It can be recurrent in certain high-risk group of patients who will need long term suppression of ovulation.
Revealing the Structure and Mechanism of Palladium during Direct Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide in Continuous Flow Using Operando Spectroscopy

The direct synthesis of H2O2 is a dream reaction in the field of selective oxidation and green chemical synthesis. However, the unknown active state of the catalyst and the lack of a defined catalytic mechanism preclude the design and optimization of suitable catalysts and reactor setups. Here direct synthesis of H2O2 over Pd–TiO2 in water was investigated in a continuous flow reactor setup utilizing undiluted oxygen and hydrogen to increase aqueous-phase concentrations safely at ambient temperature and a pressure of 10 bar. In this experiment operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and online flow injection analysis for photometric quantification of H2O2 were combined to build catalyst structure–activity relationships in direct H2O2 synthesis. XAS at the Pd K absorption edge was used to observe the oxidation state and local Pd structure together with H2O2 production for three reactant ratio (H2/O2) regimes: hydrogen rich (>2), hydrogen lean (<0.5), and balanced (0.5–2). During H2O2 production, oxyge.
Knowledge, Practice and Psychological Symptoms Among the Nepalese Medical Laboratory Staff: An Online-Based Cross-Sectional Study During COVID-19 Pandemic

IntroductionThe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has spread globally causing a significant impact on the social and mental life of people across the world including frontline health care workers. The knowledge level, practice behaviour, and mental well-being of healthcare workers are the most important factors for tackling the COVID-19 pandemic. Nepal is a developing country lacking well-established health infrastructures and well-trained human resources to fight an outbreak. The continuous rise in the number of COVID-19 cases inside the country has left unanswered questions on the availability of health resources in Nepal. In this regard, we tried to assess the level of knowledge, practice and psychological symptoms among medical laboratory staff working in Nepal.MethodsAn online survey using a pre-validated questionnaire was conducted in late January 2021 among medical laboratory staff across Nepal. A total of 301 completely filled responses were used to assess knowledge, practice, and psychological distress. Different statistical tests were used to evaluate differences among variables, and p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsOf the total 301 respondents, 180 (59.8%) were male and 121 (40.2%) were female. The average score of knowledge obtained in this study was 32.4 ± 5.7 on a 56-point scale. Knowledge level was significantly different among age-groups (p value – 0.034). The average practice score obtained was 2.25 ± 0.91 on a 4-point scale. More than one psychological distress symptom was observed in nearly half (41.5%) of the participants enrolled in the study; mood change behavior being the most common symptom. ConclusionWe concluded that medical laboratory staff in Nepal has satisfactory levels of knowledge and practice and, larger number of them had psychological distress during the pandemic. The study recommends improvement in an effective information flow system, regular training social security and psychological support to the medical laboratory staff inside the country.
SOME NEW CHARACTERIZATIONS OF PARTIAL ISOMETRIES IN RINGS WITH INVOLUTION

In this paper, some characterizations of partial isometries, normal elements and strongly $EP$ elements are given by the construction of $EP$ elements. At the same time, the partial isometry elements are characterized by the existence of solutions of equations in rings in a given set, and also by the general form of solutions of given equations.
DC-FUDA: Improving deep clustering via fully unsupervised domain adaptation

By transferring knowledge from a source domain, the performance of deep clustering on an unlabeled target domain can be improved. When achieving this, traditional approaches make the assumption that adequate amount of labeled data is available in a source domain. However, this assumption is usually unrealistic in practice. The source domain should be carefully selected to share some characteristics with the target domain, and it can not be guaranteed that rich labeled samples are always available in the selected source domain.We propose a novel framework to improve deep clustering by transferring knowledge from a source domain without any labeled data. To select reliable instances in the source domain for transferring, we propose a novel adaptive threshold algorithm to select low entropy instances. To transfer important features of the selected instances, we propose a feature-level domain adaptation network (FeatureDA) which cancels unstable generation process. With extensive experiments, we validate that our method effectively improves deep clustering, without using any labeled data in the source domain. Besides, without using any labeled data in the source domain, our method achieves competitive results, compared to the state-of-the-art methods using labeled data in the source domain.