Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A meta-analysis on the effect of telemedicine on the management of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents

Introduction This study aims to report the effect sizes of telemedicine treatments on the symptom domains of paediatric ADHD. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis, electronic databases, i.e. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Embase, were searched for articles published up to December 2020. The inclusion criteria were as follows: children or adolescents diagnosed for ADHD or other hyperkinetic disorders; randomized controlled trials (RCTs); efficacy established with parents and teachers or self-rating scales at least for one of the following domains: inattention, cognitive function, hyperactivity, hyperactivity/impulsivity or oppositional behaviours. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for RCTs. Results From 310 records reduced to 228 after removing duplicates, overall 12 studies were fulfilled our inclusion criteria. They consisted of 708 participants (358 with telemedicine intervention and 350 controls). The telemedicine interventions varied from computerized training programmes with phone calls to videoconferencing programmes, virtual reality classrooms or games. The most applicable method consisted of computerized training programmes with phone calls. Pooling results of all studies with available data on each subscale showed a significant effect of telemedicine on inattention/cognitive function (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.16, 0.36), hyperactivity/impulsivity (SMD = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.52), and oppositional behaviours (SMD = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.24, 1.20) subscales in ADHD. Almost all studies had an overall unclear risk of bias. The source of outcome assessment (parents, teachers or self-report questionnaire) was addressed as a potential confounding factor. In almost all symptom domains, the satisfaction from the treatment was higher in parents than in teachers. Conclusions The clinical effects of telemedicine on the treatment of ADHD showed a small effect size for inattention/cognitive function, hyperactivity/impulsivity and oppositional behaviours.
Monte Carlo Dose Calculation Using MRI Based Synthetic CT Generated by Fully Convolutional Neural Network for Gamma Knife Radiosurgery

The aim of this work is to study the dosimetric effect from generated synthetic computed tomography (sCT) from magnetic resonance (MR) images using a deep learning algorithm for Gamma Knife (GK) stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). The Monte Carlo (MC) method is used for dose calculations. Thirty patients were retrospectively selected with our institution IRB’s approval. All patients were treated with GK SRS based on T1-weighted MR images and also underwent conventional external beam treatment with a CT scan. Image datasets were preprocessed with registration and were normalized to obtain similar intensity for the pairs of MR and CT images. A deep convolutional neural network arranged in an encoder–decoder fashion was used to learn the direct mapping from MR to the corresponding CT. A number of metrics including the voxel-wise mean error (ME) and mean absolute error (MAE) were used for evaluating the difference between generated sCT and the true CT. To study the dosimetric accuracy, MC simulations were performed based on the true CT and sCT using the same treatment parameters. The method produced an MAE of 86.6 ± 34.1 Hundsfield units (HU) and a mean squared error (MSE) of 160.9 ± 32.8. The mean Dice similarity coefficient was 0.82 ± 0.05 for HU > 200. The difference for dose-volume parameter D95 between the ground true dose and the dose calculated with sCT was 1.1% if a synthetic CT-to-density table was used, and 4.9% compared with the calculations based on the water-brain phantom.
Low serum klotho associated with all-cause mortality among a nationally representative sample of American adults.

α-Klotho (klotho) is a protein involved in suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation. In animal models, it is reported to underlie numerous aging phenotypes and longevity. Among a nationally representative sample of adults aged 40 to 79 in the United States, we investigated whether circulating concentrations of klotho is a marker of mortality risk. Serum klotho was measured by ELISA on 10,069 individuals enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2007-2014. Mortality follow-up data based on the National Death Index were available through December 31, 2015. After a mean follow-up of 58 months (range: 1-108), 616 incident deaths occurred. Using survey-weighted Cox regression models adjusted for age, sex and survey cycle, low serum klotho concentration (< 666 pg/mL) was associated with a 31% higher risk of death (compared to klotho concentration > 985 pg/mL, HR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.71, P= 0.05). Associations were consistent for mortality caused by heart disease or cancer. Associations of klotho with all-cause mortality did not appear to differ by most participant characteristics. However, we observed effect modification by physical activity, such that low levels of serum klotho were more strongly associated with mortality among individuals who did not meet recommendation-based physical activity guidelines. Our findings suggest that, among the general population of American adults, circulating levels of klotho may serve as a marker of mortality risk.
SDR7‐6, a short‐chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase family protein, regulates light‐dependent cell death and defence responses in rice

Abstract Lesion mimic mutants resembling the hypersensitive response without pathogen attack are an ideal material to understand programmed cell death, the defence response, and the cross‐talk between defence response and development in plants. In this study, mic, a lesion mimic mutant from cultivar Yunyin treated with ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS), was screened. By map‐based cloning, a short‐chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase with an atypical active site HxxxK was isolated and designated as SDR7‐6. It functions as a homomultimer in rice and is localized at the endoplasmic reticulum. The lesion mimic phenotype of the mutant is light‐dependent. The mutant displayed an increased resistance response to bacterial blight, but reduced resistance to rice blast disease. The mutant and knockout lines showed increased reactive oxygen species, jasmonic acid content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and expression of pathogenicity‐related genes, while chlorophyll content was significantly reduced. The knockout lines showed significant reduction in grain size, seed setting rate, 1000‐grain weight, grain weight per plant, panicle length, and plant height. SDR7‐6 is a new lesion mimic gene that encodes a short‐chain alcohol dehydrogenase with atypical catalytic site. Disruption of SDR7‐6 led to cell death and had adverse effects on multiple agricultural characters. SDR7‐6 may act at the interface of the two defence pathways of bacterial blight and rice blast disease in rice.
Long non-coding RNA growth arrest specific transcript 5 acting as a sponge of MicroRNA-188-5p to regulate SMAD family member 2 expression promotes myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury

ABSTRACT The purpose of this work is to probe into the potential role of long non-coding RNA growth arrest specific transcript 5 (lncGAS5)/ microRNA (miR)-188-5p/SMAD2 axis in MIRI. Through ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery, MIRI animal model and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) myocardial injury model in vitro were established. Via adenovirus or plasmid transfection, lncGAS5/MiR-188-5p/SMAD2 expression was up-regulated or down-regulated in the study. RT-qPCR was applied to check LncGAS5/MiR-188-5p/SMAD2 mRNA expression, HE staining for histopathological staining, TUNEL staining and flow cytometry to examine cardiomyocyte apoptotic rate, CCK-8 to check cell viability, ELISA to detect inflammatory factor levels, Western blot to examine Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, NF-κB and SMAD2 expression, and dual luciferase reporter experiment to examine the targeting relationship of miR-188-5p with LncGAS5 and SMAD2. The results indicated that LncGAS5 and SMAD2 were highly expressed in MIRI and miR-188-5p was under-expressed. Silencing LncGAS5 and SMAD2 or overexpressing miR-188-5p could reduce MIRI in myocardial tissue, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, inhibit Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and NF-κB expressions and promote Bcl-2 expression, while reducing inflammatory factors TNF -α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels. Overexpressing LncGAS5 promoted MIRI. Additionally, the impact of silencing LncGAS5 on MIRI could be reversed through inhibiting miR-188-5p. LncGAS5 acted as a sponge of miR-188-5p to target SMAD2 expression. In conclusion, Silencing LncGAS5 is available to improve MIRI through regulating miR-188-5p/SMAD2 axis, and may be used as a potential target for treating MIRI in the future.
Cost‐effectiveness of telephone cognitive behavioral therapy for osteoarthritis‐related insomnia

Osteoarthritis‐related insomnia is the most common form of comorbid insomnia among older Americans. A randomized clinical trial found that six sessions of telephone‐delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT‐I) improved sleep outcomes in this population. Using these data, we evaluated the incremental cost‐effectiveness of CBT‐I from a healthcare sector perspective.
Storage stability of mayonnaise using mangosteen nanofibrillated cellulose as a single emulsifier

This research was aimed to study the effects of storage time on properties and stability, including texture, color, pH, particle size, rheology, sensory acceptability, and phase separation of mayonnaise using nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as a single emulsifier. NFC was extracted from mangosteen ( Garcinia mangostana L.) rind using hot aqueous sodium hydroxide solution followed by shearing in a high-pressure homogenizer. A control formula of mayonnaise using egg yolk as an emulsifier was prepared and used as a reference. For non-egg formula, the egg yolk was fully substituted by NFC at levels of 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0% (w/w). All samples were kept in a refrigerator at 4oC for 8 weeks. The texture, color, pH, particle size, rheology, and sensory acceptability were determined every 2 weeks. The results showed that an apparent viscosity of all formulas were decreased with increasing storage time (p ≤ 0.05). The lightness ( L *) was slightly decreased while the redness ( a *) and the yellowness ( b *) were increased. Similarly, pH was increased with increasing storage time. However, the oil droplet diameter ( i.e. , volume average diameter or ( d 4,3 ) and adhesiveness were not significantly different from the first week for all formulas ( p > 0.05). In addition, no water layer separation was observed throughout the storage time. After storage, all NFC mayonnaise formulas were accepted by panelists with the sensory acceptability score between like slightly and like moderately. The results confirmed that NFC was an effective emulsifier and this finding exhibited the important implications of the utilization of NFC as a natural emulsifier in the development of label-friendly food emulsion product.
Investigations on Adsorption of Inorganic Ions in Aqueous Solution to Some Metal Oxides, Hydroxides and a Carbonate by the X-Ray Spectroscopic Method

Why does the adsorption and concentration of inorganic chemical species proceed at aqueous–solid interfaces? In this review paper, we discuss the use of X-ray chemical state analysis to elucidate the intrinsic adsorption mechanism. Based on the chemical states of the species adsorbed to solids as determined by X-ray chemical state analysis, possible adsorption mechanisms are discussed. The driving forces of adsorption are represented by the Gibbs free energy change (Δ G _chem= Δ G _chem,1 + Δ G _chem,2) resulting from the formation of covalent bonds between metal ions (M) in metal oxides or hydroxides and adsorbed species (X) (M–O–X bond, Δ G _chem,1) and the formation of new phases consisting of M and X (Δ G _chem,2). The concept of Δ G _chem,2 is proposed based on the experimental results from chemical state analyses. As examples, the following investigations are discussed in this review paper: the formation of mullite precursors by the adsorption of monosilicic acid to Al(OH)^3, the spontaneous reduction of Au(III) to Au(0) by adsorption of Au(III) to Al(OH)^3, MnO^2 and Ni(OH)^2 and the mechanism of concentration of Co_2+, Tl_+, Pb_2+, Pt_2+, Au_+, and Pd_2+ in marine ferromanganese crusts.
Low density lipoprotein-induced lipid accumulation is a key phenomenon of atherogenesis at the arterial cell level

Lipid accumulation in cells of subendothelial intima and the formation of foam cells is the earliest and the most noticeable manifestation of atherosclerosis at the cellular level. Generally, the foam cell formation is the result of interaction of cell with pro-atherogenic low-density lipoprotein providing cholesterol delivery and anti-atherogenic highdensity lipoprotein providing its efflux. In this review, we discuss possible mechanisms of foam cell formation, the role of intracellular lipid deposition as a trigger of atherosclerotic lesion development, current approaches to diagnostics and strategies for preventing atherosclerosis based on recent knowledge of causes of foam cell formation.
Predicting Shoulder Force to Prevent Injury: Body Fat Mass Increases Shoulder Stress among Pitchers

ABSTRACT Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between whole body and throwing arm composition and length with throwing shoulder distraction and anterior force. Literature shows a relationship between shoulder force and pain; therefore, as well as between body mass and pain, it was hypothesized that pitchers with greater body fat mass would display increased throwing shoulder force during the acceleration phase of the softball pitch. Methods Thirty-eight high school softball pitchers from southern United States agreed to participate (1.69 ± 0.07 m, 74.71 ± 16.36 kg, 15.2 ± 1.1 yr). All procedures were completed within one visit. Pitchers underwent a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan then threw fastballs at regulation distance while motion was measured using an electromagnetic motion capture system. Data from the three fastest pitches were averaged and analyzed. Peak shoulder distraction and anterior force during the acceleration phase of the softball pitch were extracted and used as dependent variables in two separate regression analyses. Whole body and throwing arm fat mass and lean mass, as well as throwing arm length were entered as independent variables into both regression equations. Results The first regression equation was statistically significant (F(5,37) = 13.28, P < 0.001) and explained approximately 62% of the variance in peak shoulder distraction force (R2 = 0.675, adjusted R2 = 0.624). Increased whole body fat mass (B = 13.76, SE = 5.39, β = 0.91, t = 2.553, P = 0.016) significantly predicted peak throwing shoulder distraction force. The second regression equation predicting peak anterior force was not significant. Conclusions Increased fat mass may exacerbate the high force observed at the throwing shoulder and further increase injury susceptibility to pitchers.
Evaluation of the Degradation of Carbohydrate-based Material During Anaerobic Digestion for High-efficiency Biogas Production

The increasing demand for renewable energy sources and reuse of wastes requires better technological solutions for energy production (Fernandes, 2010). Anaerobic digestion is a series of biological processes in which microorganisms break down biodegradable material in the absence of oxygen, which is an effective waste treatment method for pollution control and energy recovery, such as treating agricultural and industrial wastes containing easily biodegradable substances (Yuan and Zhu, 2016; Kim et al., 2017). Although the co-digestion of organic waste produces more biogas, the complex and variable characteristics of co-substrates may inhibit the microbial communities that drive this process, thereby causing system failure (Ohemeng-Ntiamoah and Datta, 2018). These inhibitors of biogas production are influenced by the amount of added organic materials, pH of the digester, toxic substances, and anaerobic condition carbon to nitrogen ratio as well as the proximate composition (moisture, crude ash, crude protein, ether extract, crude fiber, and nitrogen-free extracts) of the initial organic materials (Walker et al., 2009). However, many studies have limited these inhibitory effects to environmental factors Evaluation of the Degradation of Carbohydrate-based Material During Anaerobic Digestion for High-efficiency Biogas Production
ECCO-ESGAR Topical Review on Optimizing Reporting for Cross-Sectional Imaging in IBD.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Diagnosis and follow up of patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] requires cross-sectional imaging modalities, such as intestinal ultrasound [IUS], magnetic resonance imaging [MRI], and computed tomography [CT]. The quality and homogeneity of medical reporting are crucial to ensure effective communication between specialists and to improve patient care. The current topical review addresses optimized reporting requirements for cross-sectional imaging in IBD. METHODS An expert consensus panel consisting of gastroenterologists, radiologists, and surgeons convened by the ECCO in collaboration with ESGAR performed a systematic literature review covering the reporting aspects of MRI, CT, IUS, endoanal ultrasonography, and transperineal ultrasonography in IBD. Practice position statements were developed utilizing a Delphi methodology incorporating two consecutive rounds. Current practice positions were set when ≥80% of the participants agreed on a recommendation. RESULTS Twenty-five practice positions were developed, establishing standard terminology for optimal reporting in cross-sectional imaging. Assessment of inflammation, complications, and imaging of perianal CD are outlined. The minimum requirements of a standardized report, including a list of essential reporting items, have been defined. CONCLUSIONS This topical review offers practice recommendations to optimize and homogenize reporting in cross-sectional imaging in IBD.
Synthesis of a new acetate bridged Cu(ii) building block generated 1D polymer and studies on structural, magnetic, antibacterial and anticancer properties

Novel 1D polymer of formula [Cu3(Py)6(μ-CH3COO)4(I3)2]n having asymmetric unit {[Cu0.75(CH3COO)1(Py)1.5]·(I3)0.5}n and S = 1/2 shows bacterial growth inhibition and ROS mediated chemotherapy.
Theoretical Insights into the Separation of Am(III)/Eu(III) by Hydrophilic Sulfonated Ligands.

In this work, we focused on the separation of Am(III)/Eu(III) with four hydrophilic sulfonated ligands (L) based on the framework of phenanthroline and bipyridine through scalar relativistic density functional theory. We studied the electronic structures of [ML(NO3)3] (M = Am, Eu) complexes and the bonding nature between metal and ligands as well as evaluated the separation selectivity of Am(III)/Eu(III). The tetrasulfonated ligand L2 with a bipyridine framework has the strongest complexing ability for metal ions probably because of the better solubility and flexible skeleton. The disulfonated ligand L1 has the highest Am(III)/Eu(III) selectivity, which is attributed to the covalent difference between the Am-N and Eu-N bonds based on the quantum theory of atoms in the molecule analysis. Thermodynamic analysis shows that the four hydrophilic sulfonated ligands are more selective toward Am(III) over Eu(III). In addition, these hydrophilic sulfonated ligands show better complexing ability and Am(III)/Eu(III) selectivity compared to the corresponding hydrophobic nonsulfonated ones. This work provides theoretical support for the separation of Am(III)/Eu(III) using hydrophilic sulfonated ligands.
Study on syndrome differentiation strategy of phlegm and blood stasis syndromes of coronary heart disease based on expert consultation on medical cases.

BACKGROUND It is becoming more and more important to judge whether patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) have phlegm and blood stasis syndromes in the process of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnosis and treatment of CHD. The syndrome differentiation strategy of phlegm and blood stasis syndromes of CHD is still not standardized, and it is particularly necessary to make syndrome differentiation simpler and more accurate. METHODS Twenty-eight medical cases that met the criteria, comprising 10 ancient medical cases and 18 modern ones, were selected from the TCM literature, which were then analyzed by 57 experts via questionnaire. Statistical analysis of the data was mainly based on frequency analysis. RESULTS (I) The average age of the 57 experts from 20 provinces was 48.9±8.5 years; 89.5% were associate professor or above, and 75.4% of them worked at a tertiary hospital. (II) Consistency of expert consultation over medical cases: for the ancient medical cases, the diagnostic consistency rate of phlegm syndrome was 27/34 (79.4%) and additional diagnosis rate of the blood stasis syndrome was 27/57 (47.4%); for the modern medical cases, the consistency rate compared with the original diagnosis of phlegm syndrome was 54/80 (67.5%) and that of blood stasis syndrome was 73/90 (81.1%). (III) The top five experts' diagnostic basics of phlegm syndrome were oppression in the chest, slippery pulse, greasy fur, coughing of phlegm, and chest pain; the top five diagnostic basics of blood stasis syndrome were chest pain, dark tongue, oppression in chest, red tongue, and ecchymosis on tongue. (IV) In the questionnaire consultation on CHD phlegm-blood stasis syndrome cases, the diagnostic basis of "symptom or (and) tongue manifestation" accounted for 12/27 (44.4%) of the diagnostic basics of phlegm syndrome and 28/38 (73.7%) of that of blood stasis syndrome basis. CONCLUSIONS Modern Chinese medicine experts pay much attention to the diagnosis and treatment of CHD based on TCM pathology theories of phlegm and blood stasis. To collect and detect the patients' symptoms and tongue manifestation is an important strategy of the experts for CHD phlegm and blood stasis syndrome differentiation.
The role of deep-red emission CuInS2/ZnS QDs in white light emitting diodes

CuInS2/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) have been regarded as a promising alternative to the material of II–IV systems owing to their attractive optoelectronic properties and deficiency of highly toxic elements. Red spectra are important components for white light sources with high color rendering index (CRI). In this paper, red emission CuInS2/ZnS QDs with high luminescence are synthesized using the hot-injection method in organic solvent and the peak wavelength (λp) can be tuned in the range of 630 ∼ 730 nm by controlling the ratio of copper and indium. These red emission CuInS2/ZnS QDs, combined with green rare-earth phosphor, are used as down converters to fabricate white light emitting diodes (WLEDs), and the luminescent properties of the resulting devices are also characterized. With a Cu:In ratio of 1:4, deep-red emission CuInS2/ZnS QDs with λp of 680 nm are prepared, and the resulting WLED exhibits a high CRI value of 91, a correlated color temperature (CCT) of 6347 K, and a satisfactory luminous efficiency of 23.9 lm W−1, suggesting that highly luminous deep-red emission CuInS2/ZnS QDs have great potential for providing WLEDs with high CRI.