Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 2.5-V 56-mW baseband chain in a multistandard TV tuner for mobile and multimedia applications

This paper presents post-layout simulated results of an analog baseband chain for mobile and multimedia applications in a 0.13-μm SiGe BiCMOS process. A programmable 7th-order Chebyshev low pass filter with a calibration circuit is used in the analog baseband chain, and the programmable bandwidth is 1.8/2.5/3/3.5/4 MHz with an attenuation of 26/62 dB at offsets of 1.25/4 MHz. The baseband programmable gain amplifier can achieve a linear 40-dB gain range with 0.5-dB steps. Design trade-offs are carefully considered in designing the baseband circuit, and an automatic calibration circuit is used to achieve the bandwidth accuracy of 2%. ADC offset cancellation loop is also introduced to remove the offset from the layout and self-mixing, and the remaining offset voltage is only 1.87 mV Implemented in a 0.13-μm SiGe technology with a 0.6-mm2 die size, this baseband achieves IIP3 of 23.16 dBm and dissipates 22.4 mA under a 2.5-V supply.
Improved spacecraft attitude filter using a sequentially correlated magnetometer noise model

Measurement of the geomagnetic field provides a reliable and economical basis for determining the attitude of low-Earth orbiting three-axis stabilized spacecraft. Magnetometers are often part of the momentum management system, working in parallel with the onboard attitude control system (ACS). They may also be used as primary ACS sensors for missions with relatively coarse pointing requirements or for acquisition or contingency control modes on fine-pointing star tracker-based missions. When used in combination with strap-down gyroscopes for rate determination, magnetometer data can be filtered to obtain surprisingly accurate attitude estimates. The attainable accuracy depends on the specifics of the gyroscope quality, prior magnetometer calibration, the length of the data set, and to a lesser extent, the orbital details. It has been found, though, that even with very clean sensor data the magnetometer residuals still show systematic variations arising from small errors in the reference Earth magnetic field model. Two filters have been developed to estimate and compensate for the reference field errors along with the attitude and gyroscope biases. The field errors are modeled as sequentially correlated random variables. In the first filter, the autocorrelation of the error is assumed to decay exponentially in time. In the second, the autocorrelation is a decaying sinusoid. The resulting attitude estimates are improved by 40 percent (to 126 arcsec) and the bias estimates by a factor of two. With these improvements, autonomous onboard attitude control using magnetometers and gyroscopes becomes practical for a much broader class of missions.
Fiber‐Optic Communication Systems

Preface. 1 Introduction. 1.1 Historical Perspective. 1.2 Basic Concepts. 1.3 Optical Communication Systems. 1.4 Lightwave System Components. Problems. References. 2 Optical Fibers. 2.1 Geometrical-Optics Description. 2.2 Wave Propagation. 2.3 Dispersion in Single-Mode Fibers. 2.4 Dispersion-Induced Limitations. 2.5 Fiber Losses. 2.6 Nonlinear Optical Effects. 2.7 Fiber Design and Fabrication. Problems. References. 3 Optical Transmitters. 3.1 Semiconductor Laser Physics. 3.2 Single-Mode Semiconductor Lasers. 3.3 Laser Characteristics. 3.4 Optical Signal Generation. 3.5 Light-Emitting Diodes. 3.6 Transmitter Design. Problems. References. 4 Optical Receivers. 4.1 Basic Concepts. 4.2 Common Photodetectors. 4.3 Receiver Design. 4.4 Receiver Noise. 4.5 Coherent Detection. 4.6 Receiver Sensitivity. 4.7 Sensitivity Degradation. 4.8 Receiver Performance. Problems. References. 5 Lightwave Systems. 5.1 System Architectures. 5.2 Design Guidelines. 5.3 Long-Haul Systems. 5.4 Sources of Power Penalty. 5.5 Forward Error Correction. 5.6 Computer-Aided Design. Problems. References. 6 Multichannel Systems. 6.1 WDM Lightwave Systems. 6.2 WDM Components. 6.3 System Performance Issues. 6.4 Time-Division Multiplexing. 6.5 Subcarrier Multiplexing. 6.6 Code-Division Multiplexing. Problems. References. 7 Loss Management. 7.1 Compensation of Fiber Losses. 7.2 Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers. 7.3 Raman Amplifiers. 7.4 Optical Signal-To-Noise Ratio. 7.5 Electrical Signal-To-Noise Ratio. 7.6 Receiver Sensitivity and Q Factor. 7.7 Role of Dispersive and Nonlinear Effects. 7.8 Periodically Amplified Lightwave Systems. Problems. References. 8 Dispersion Management. 8.1 Dispersion Problem and Its Solution. 8.2 Dispersion-Compensating Fibers. 8.3 Fiber Bragg Gratings. 8.4 Dispersion-Equalizing Filters. 8.5 Optical Phase Conjugation. 8.6 Channels at High Bit Rates. 8.7 Electronic Dispersion Compensation. Problems. References. 9 Control of Nonlinear Effects. 9.1 Impact of Fiber Nonlinearity. 9.2 Solitons in Optical Fibers. 9.3 Dispersion-Managed Solitons. 9.4 Pseudo-linear Lightwave Systems. 9.5 Control of Intrachannel Nonlinear Effects. Problems. References. 10 Advanced Lightwave Systems. 10.1 Advanced Modulation Formats. 10.2 Demodulation Schemes. 10.3 Shot Noise and Bit-Error Rate. 10.4 Sensitivity Degradation Mechanisms. 10.5 Impact of Nonlinear Effects. 10.6 Recent Progress. 10.7 Ultimate Channel Capacity. Problems. References. 11 Optical Signal Processing. 11.1 Nonlinear Techniques and Devices. 11.2 All-Optical Flip-Flops. 11.3 Wavelength Converters. 11.4 Ultrafast Optical Switching. 11.5 Optical Regenerators. Problems. References. A System of Units. B Acronyms. C General Formula for Pulse Broadening. D Software Package.
Deliver: intelligent beheer en distributie van software

Het Jacquard project Deliver is 1 juli 2003 van start gegaan en richt zich op het ontwikkelen van een intelligente softwarekennisbank om het configureren en distribueren van productsoftware te verbeteren. Dit artikel geeft een kort overzicht van het voorgenomen onderzoek.
Ceramic technology for integrated packaging for wireless

The dramatic increase in the application of microwave technologies due to the growth in wireless communications has created many challenges for interconnect and packaging technologies. The majority of wireless equipment has used conventional printed circuit board technologies, with some extension in their capabilities to handle the frequencies required. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that such technologies do not address all the technical and commercial needs of the market. Specific issues relate to the RF performance of circuits due to limitations in polymer materials and the cost of the circuits due to the high number of passive components required. This paper describes ceramic technology solutions which provide benefits in enhanced performance and lower cost. It also highlights the ability of ceramic technology to perform at the higher frequencies required for evolving wide bandwidth personal communication systems.
An overview of the Sam CMT simulator kit

Chip multithreading (CMT) combines chip multiprocessing (CMP) and hardware multithreading (MT). In order to make the most of CMT systems when they become available, we have developed the Sam CMT simulator toolkit. A Sam simulation is usable as an interactive system, running at about 100Kips on a 1.2GHz UltraSPARC III and about 200Kips on a 1.8GHz AMD Opteron 244. We first introduce the terms CMP, MT, and CMT. We then discuss the overall architecture of Sam, what it simulates, and how it differs from other CMT simulators. We discuss how we used Sam to implement a particular CMT simulator, discuss how we validated Sam, and provide some measurements on its performance. We conclude with a short summary of the benefits of Sam.
A Multi-Stage Fault Diagnosis Method for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Based on Support Vector Machine with Binary Tree

The reliability and durability of the proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are vital factors restricting their applications. Therefore, establishing an online fault diagnosis system is of great significance. In this paper, a multi-stage fault diagnosis method for the PEM fuel cell is proposed. First, the tests of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy under various fault conditions are conducted. Specifically, prone recoverable faults, such as flooding, membrane drying, and air starvation, are included, and different fault degrees from minor, moderate to severe, are covered. Based on this, an equivalent circuit model (ECM) is selected to fit impedance spectroscopy by the hybrid genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm, and then fault features are determined by the analysis of each model parameter under different fault conditions. Furthermore, a multi-stage fault diagnosis model is constructed with the support vector machine with the binary tree, in which fault features obtained from the ECM are used as the characteristic inputs to realize the fault classification (including fault type and fault degree) online. The results show that the accuracy of the basic fault test and subdivided fault test can reach 100% and 98.3%, respectively, which indicates that the proposed diagnosis method can effectively identify flooding, drying, and air starvation of PEM fuel cells.
Relay Deployment Strategy for Minimizing Outage Probability of Downlink Cellular Systems

The cellular system in the next generation decreases the range of transmission of a signal as well as increases the rate of transmission adapting the method of multi-hop relaying with the relay. However, the fact of decreasing the range of transmission with the method of multi-hop relaying means increasing interferential amount in the outer cell; therefore, the deployment of the relay can affect to the function of the cellular system. In this thesis, the deployment of the relay is determined for the maximum rate of transmission, based on the transmission power of the relay and the variation of interferential amount. The condition to determine the deployment of the relay is analyzed with the mathematical model; in addition, its performance is verified through the result of a simulation. Based on the analysis of this thesis, the established deployment and transmission power of the relay to minimize the average outage probability exist. Furthermore, the relay contributes to enlargement of capacity of cells, decreasing the average outage probability in the situation of less severe interference between cells with reuse of frequency. However, the relay should be restrained in use in the situation of severe interference between cells due to the fact that the outage probability of inter-cells can be increased.
Country Brand Management

In the recent years the country brand has become a strategic asset for the nations. Rather than showing the culture and traditions of a place, the name of a country acts as a differentiator from everything that comes with the territory, increasing the value perceived by the customer in any product or service by having a specific origin. Because the fact that a product is “typical” of a place allows the name of the place to become a geographical indicator of quality. So Nations use the brand country as a tool to promote their products, attract investments and promote activities like tourism. For this reason, they are developing public policies aimed at the construction, promotion and consolidation of the brand image of the country. This book chapter analyzes how the Spanish Government has used the social media to create and consolidate the Spain Brand image with the aim to establish an image of Spain as an economic and political power among the first countries in the world.
An agenda for research on the relationships between industrial design and performance

This article proposes a research agenda for studying the relationships between industrial design and performance in the context of new product/service development. A review of existing research on relationships between industrial design and performance is used as a basis for identifying research opportunities and developing a research agenda. The research opportunities are derived from a number of important gaps in existing research on the relationships between industrial design and performance. These gaps include a lack of in-depth examination of the relationship between performance and industrial design emphasis, industrial design capabilities, industrial design outcomes and industrial design management. Much of the existing research is case research of a few design-conscious firms while large-scale quantitative research conducted in a broad range of firms and types of development projects is relatively scarce. Furthermore, there is a lack of comprehensive models that include moderating or mediating influences and feedback. This article provides an integrative perspective on the contribution of industrial design to performance. Such an integrative view is lacking in the literature and has caused a degree of fragmentation. Hence, the article is of particular value to researchers in this field and should contribute to increased cohesiveness in future research.
Modeling and Control of Wind Power Conversion System With a Flywheel Energy Storage System and Compensation of Reactive Power

In this paper, a control of a variable speed wind generator (VSWG) system based on a doubly fed induction machine connected to the network associated to a flywheel energy storage system (FESS) is considered. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method, the independent control power of generator, the grid connection, and the control of flywheel energy storage system are studied. The flywheel energy storage system consists of a power electronic converter supplying a squirrel-cage induction machine coupled to a flywheel. This study investigates also, the possibility to compensate the reactive power. In order to validate the control method and to show the performances of the proposed system, its model is simulated for different operating points.
How Does the Supply Requisitioning Process Affect Average Customer Wait Time Onboard U.S. Navy Destroyers

Abstract : The Navy s current inventory and requisition management procedures for issuing repair parts onboard ships have remained relatively unchanged for decades. As a result of current practices, many ships are experiencing higher average customer wait times (ACWT) for repair parts onboard ship. The U.S. Navy has identified the need to reduce this wait time in order to complete shipboard repairs faster and increase readiness levels across the fleet. Applying a six sigma define, measure, analyze, improve and control (DMAIC) process approach, this report describes current procedures from initial demand to issue of repair parts, including collecting and analyzing quantitative and qualitative data. Recommendations and conclusions are offered to improve the overall process, identify bottlenecks, improve response time to demand, and reduce shipboard procedure inefficiencies.
Speed Response Optimisation of a Bldc Motor Drive with Ga-Based Classical Controller Tunning

The paper addresses the improvement of performance and quality of engines such as BLDC. Better performance, lower maintenance, higher cost, quiet activity, and compact design define a DC motor brushless drive. PI operator, PID controller, fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms, neural networks, PWM power, and less sensor command, there are several methods for regulating the speed of the motor. The GA-based PI and GA-based PID controllers are used for the speed control of BLDC motor. These motors are used in applications such as automobiles, aviation, health, instrumentation, machine tools, robots, and actuation, because of their desirable electrical and mechanical properties. The main gain of the recommended technique is that there is no need for an accurate model of the controlled structure, so it is useful in many industrial processes that do not have an apparent or sophisticated design. Therefore, this method allows determining the best PID values for a given overrun, a rising period, a settling time, and steady-state failure. The algorithm works on three essential selection, crossover, and mutation genetic operators. GA has many variations, such as Real coded GA, Binary coded GA, depending on the forms of these operators. Such variables have a significant influence on the control system's reliability and efficiency. This paper focuses on binary-coded GA & considers crossover quality, PID controller mutation, and computational analysis were conducted. The transition mechanism was studied with MATLAB in the process. With the GA-based PI and PID operator, the BLDC motor is modeled, and the simulation tests are collected. The results obtained through the application of the GA-based algorithm are efficient and satisfy the control characteristics defined.
Use of Monte Carlo method to estimate subsystem redesign risk for complex products: aircraft redesign case study

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to achieve the capability of redesigning complex products system with enhanced efficiency and effectiveness. Design/methodology/approach – It is noted that, by changing one subsystem in a complex product design architecture, the change effects can be propagated to other subsystems through their interrelationships. This condition has to be taken into account when deciding on which subsystems to be modified in the redesign plan because the subsequent effects might be too risky for the development process. Estimating redesign risk for complex product architectures is not an easy task, thus designers often need a decision-making aid to efficiently select the best “change initiating” subsystems. This can be done by providing the designers with a ranking of subsystems based on their estimated redesign risk. Moreover, this decision-making process is taking place during early redesign stages whereby the uncertainties related to the actual level and type of changes to be made.
Characteristics of a series-parallel resonant converter with capacitive output filter operating on the utility line

The characteristics of a high-frequency transformer isolated series-parallel resonant converter operating on the utility line is presented. This converter uses a capacitive output filter. Variable frequency as well as fixed-frequency (phase-shift) control methods are considered. Based on the available analysis, of the DC-to-DC converter, a design procedure (with a design example) is given. SPICE (and SABER) simulation and experimental results, obtained for the designed converter (rated at 250 W) are presented to verify the theory. It is shown that high line PF with lower total harmonic distortion (compared to conventional rectifier followed by large filter capacitor) can be obtained with the proposed converter.
Soft-Switching Performance Analysis of the Clustered Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (CIGBT)

The use of Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBT) have enabled better switching performance than the Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field effect Transistor (MOSFET) in medium to high power applications due to their lower on-state power loss and higher current densities. The power ratings of IGBTs are slowly increasing and are envisaged to replace thyristors in medium power applications such as High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) inverter systems and traction drive controls. Devices such as the MOS Controlled Thyristor (MCT) and Emitter Switched Thyristor (EST) were developed in an effort to further simplify drive requirements of thyristors by incorporating a voltage controlled MOS gate into the thyristor structure. However, the MCT is unable to achieve controlled current saturation which is a desirable characteristic of power switching devices while the EST has only limited control. The IGBT can achieve current saturation, however, due to the transistor based structure it exhibits a larger on-state voltage in high power applications compared with thyristor based devices. MOS Gated Thyristor (MGT) devices are a promising alternative to transistor based devices as they exhibit a lower forward voltage drop and improved current densities. This current research focuses on the Clustered Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (CIGBT) whilst being operated under soft-switching regimes. The CIGBT is a MOS gated thyristor device that exhibits a unique self-clamping feature that protects cathode cells from high anode voltages under all operating conditions. The self-clamping feature also enables current saturation at high gate biases and provides low switching losses. Its low on-state voltage and high voltage blocking capabilities make the CIGBT suitable as a contender to the IGBT in medium to high power switching applications. For the first time, the CIGBT has been operated under soft-switching regimes and transient over-voltages at turn-on have been witnessed which have been found to be associated with a number of factors. The internal dynamics of the CIGBT have been analysed using 2D numerical simulations and it has been shown that a major influence on the peak voltage is the P well spacing within the CIGBT structure. For example, Small adjacent P well spacings within the device results in an inability for the CIGBT to switch
A foraging group of autonomous, mobile robots-implementation of hierarchical fuzzy behavior-based control

A hierarchical, fuzzy, behavior-based algorithm has been implemented successfully for the control of a foraging group of robots. This algorithm enables hybridization of knowledge and behavior-based control. Distinct behaviors are weighed according to their applicability to the current control cycle using global knowledge. Combining fuzzy logic and behavior-based control increases the systems adaptability and robustness.
Evaluating packaging effectiveness in power electronics

The ever-increasing importance of packaging in power electronics emerges the necessity of looking both for new packaging solutions and for a packaging approach that deals with packaging terms in the right and systematic way thus preventing using loose terms and meanings as it is seen at present. From the packaging effectiveness viewpoint, packaging technologies and their implementations are mostly qualitatively described and verified, making it complex to evaluate and compare with each other. In this contribution, a new concept establishing and clearly defining the main packaging terms is introduced. A mathematical model that endeavors to evaluate and quantify specific packaging solution is presented and illustrated on the example of several practical sub-circuits.
Big Data: The Beauty or the Beast

Big Data is a phenomenon that has been made possible by the IT and the social media revolutions - where content is created or generated by users and their interaction, at the same time with the exponential increase of the data storage capacity, according to the Moore’s law. It has been a long-time dream of social scientists to investigate an issue of importance for large groups of people where n - the number of the investigated subjects - is not determined by some statistical complex formula, but rather by mentioning n=all. This would allow for better results, with wider applicability in the attempts to understand the society, its trends, ideas and how they propagate, as well as the capacity of taking more efficient decisions that concern purchase, education, health and politics. But what are the costs? Our paper aims at looking at means and ways through which Big Data is being generated, to provide examples of Big Data ownership and consequences derived from this, and to illustrate the use of Big Data for improving the life of the society’s members. We define the Big Data, how it is generated, processed and the degrees of responsibility in maneuvering such precious resource. At the same time, our focus is on the backside of accumulating large amounts of personal information. We evaluate how and if major companies are handling Big Data properly - from disclosing information about gathering such data, processing it and using it to their own profit, with the informed consent of the subjects. In our research we discuss potential implications from the perspective of redefining what personal and private still means when individual data becomes a commodity.