Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A note on the closed range of ̄ @ b on q ‑convex manifolds

We prove that the tangential Cauchy–Riemann operator ̄𝜕 b has closed range on Levi-pseudoconvex CR manifolds that are embedded in a q -convex complex manifold X . Our result generalizes the known case when X is a Stein manifold (in particular, when X = ℂ n ).
Average performance control by static output feedback

In this paper robust control design on the basis of average performance design is considered. Necessary conditions for the optimality of an /spl Hscr//sub 2/ based average performance criterion are derived in terms of an integral equation and coupled Lyapunov equations. It is furthermore shown that the results obtained are generalisations/extensions of classical results. In an illustrative example we will compute and compare worst case types of controllers to average performance design-based controllers.
REGULAR APPROXIMATION OF FREE-DISCONTINUITY PROBLEMS

We consider a class of smooth local nonconvex functionals defined on W2,2(Ω), depending on a small parameter e and we prove that they converge, as e tends to 0, to a functional F(u,Ω) with a bulk density depending on the gradient of u and a surface energy concentrated on the jump set of u. This provides a new alternative to the approximation of free discontinuity problems, which applies in particular to the Mumford–Shah model.
General model and segregation coefficient measurement for ultrashallow doping by excimer laser annealing

A general model of ultrashallow doping by excimer laser annealing is derived from only one diffusion-segregation equation. In our model, the relative dopant profile after some laser shots reaches a stationary distribution, which only depends on the segregation and liquid-phase diffusion coefficients of the dopant but not on the laser-process parameters. From this result, a one-point method is proposed to experimentally determine the out-of-equilibrium segregation coefficient k. Only the relative dopant concentration at the material surface has to be measured prior to determine the k value. Experimental dopant profiles are compared to simulations generated with experimental k values.
QRS classification using adaptive Hermite decomposition and radial basis function network

The accurate QRS classification is essential for enhancing the performance of automated ECG interpretation system. The correct selection, of features is very important to minimize the dimension of the feature space and maximize the distance between different classes of QRS. In this study, the QRS complexes are decomposed on a set of Hermite functions and the coefficients attained are served as the features. The Hermite functions are orthonormal and have strong morphological representation ability for QRS complexes; thus each feature extracted has independent information and the signal can be represented with a low number of coefficient. An Adaptive Hermite Decomposition (AHD) method is employed to perform the decomposition. Then, a Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN) is used to classify normal and PVC patterns in the features space. Because the patterns are relatively concentrated, the choice of RBFN is reasonable. The results show that the RBFN can provide a satisfactory classification with a few training epochs. Based on MIT/BIH database annotations, 600 pairs of normal and abnormal QRS complexes (PVC beats) were extracted from 12 files to train and test the classifier developed using AHD and RBFN.
NPL-75: A Low Temperature Gas Thermometry Scale from 2.6 K to 27.1 K

P-V isotherm thermometry has been used to obtain a value of 20.2712 K for the normal boiling point of equilibrium hydrogen, the total uncertainty, expressed as a 99% confidence limit, being ±1.0 mK. Based on this fixed point as a reference temperature a constant volume gas thermometry scale, NPL-75, has been produced, which covers the range from 2.6 K to 27.1 K. Corrections for the non-ideality of the thermometric gas, 4He, were made with virial coefficients derived from measurements of P-V isotherms in the same temperature range. The uncertainty of NPL-75, expressed as a 99% confidence limit, is ±0.4 mK, and it is estimated that the scale does not deviate from thermodynamic temperature by more than 0.3 mK, 0.9 mK and 1.4 mK at 4 K, 20 K and 27 K respectively. NPL-75 has been compared with IPTS-68, T58 and TXISU (1975).
Conditions for D A -Maximin Marginal Designs for Generalized Linear Mixed Models to be Uniform

Optimal design theory deals with the assessment of the optimal joint distribution of all independent variables prior to data collection. In many practical situations, however, covariates are involved for which the distribution is not previously determined. The optimal design problem may then be reformulated in terms of finding the optimal marginal distribution for a specific set of variables. In general, the optimal solution may depend on the unknown (conditional) distribution of the covariates. This article discusses the D A -maximin procedure to account for the uncertain distribution of the covariates. Sufficient conditions will be given under which the uniform design of a subset of independent discrete variables is D A -maximin. The sufficient conditions are formulated for Generalized Linear Mixed Models with an arbitrary number of quantitative and qualitative independent variables and random effects.
Development of distortion-invariant texture operators

In this paper, we provide insight into the development of a new set of distortion-invariant texture operators. These `circular-Mellin' operators are invariant to both scale and orientation of the target and represent the spectral decomposition of the image scene in the log-polar coordinate system. Coupled with the shift invariance property of the correlator architecture, we show that these circular-Mellin operators can be used for rotation-, scale-, and shift- invariant feature extraction. We also note that these feature extractors have a functional form that is similar to the Gabor transforms. Detailed analytical description of these operators and preliminary results are presented in this paper.
The CfA redshift survey - Data for the NGP + 30 zone

Redshifts and morphological types are presented for a complete sample of 1093 galaxies with m(pg) less than or equal to 15.5 mag in a 6-deg-wide strip crossing the north Galactic pole. Also presented are redshifts for an additional 92 fainter galaxies in the same strip. Outside of the core of the Coma Cluster, both early- and late-type galaxies trace essentially the same structures in redshift space. Thinner slices illustrate the small velocity dispersion perpendicular to the surfaces in the survey.
The structure of the set of cube-free $ Z$-words in a two-letter alphabet

The object of our study is the set of -words, that is, (bi)infinite sequences of alphabetic symbols indexed by integers. We consider an ordered family of subsets of the set of all the cube-free -words in a two-letter alphabet. The construction of this family is based on the notion of the local exponent of a -word. The problem of existence of cube-free -words which are -words of local exponent 2 (the minimum possible) is described. An important distinction is drawn between strongly cube-free -words and -words of greater local exponent.
Dynamics of Computing Structures

Complex systems, such as biological organisms and computing structures, lie between the realms of statistical mechanics and the physics of a few degrees of freedom. Moreover, they can exhibit self-organized behavior which in many cases is characterized by learning, recognition and fault tolerance. This talk will describe studies of adaptive parallel computers which are capable of reliable learning and recognition. The existence of attractors in their dynamical behavior leads to a novel self-repairing mechanism which has been tested by quantitative experiments. Moreover, we will show how these highly concurrent structures, which are capable of universal computation, can be used to study simple, fault-tolerant, perceptual tasks.
Irregularity and Locking to the Seasonal Cycle in an ENSO Prediction Model as Explained by the Quasi-Periodicity Route to Chaos

Abstract The behavior of the Cane-Zebiak ENSO prediction model is analyzed as a function of model parameters measuring the strength of coupling between the model ocean and atmosphere and the amplitude of the back-ground seasonal cycle specified in the model. As either of these two parameters is increased, the model undergoes a transition from periodic to chaotic behavior according to the universal quasi-periodicity route to chaos. Thus, the irregularity of model ENSO events and their partial locking to the seasonal cycle can both be explained as low-order chaotic behavior driven by the seasonal cycle. The chaos is due to irregular jumping of the Pacific natural ocean-atmosphere oscillator between different nonlinear resonances with the seasonal forcing. The periodic seasonal forcing seems to be the main factor determining the chaotic behavior of the model. However, the full irregularity of model ENSO events is only explained by considering additional factors, possibly including the nonlinear interaction o.
Perception and classification of emotions in nonsense speech: Humans versus machines

This article contributes to a more adequate modelling of emotions encoded in speech, by addressing four fallacies prevalent in traditional affective computing: First, studies concentrate on few emotions and disregard all other ones (‘closed world’). Second, studies use clean (lab) data or real-life ones but do not compare clean and noisy data in a comparable setting (‘clean world’). Third, machine learning approaches need large amounts of data; however, their performance has not yet been assessed by systematically comparing different approaches and different sizes of databases (‘small world’). Fourth, although human annotations of emotion constitute the basis for automatic classification, human perception and machine classification have not yet been compared on a strict basis (‘one world’). Finally, we deal with the intrinsic ambiguities of emotions by interpreting the confusions between categories (‘fuzzy world’). We use acted nonsense speech from the GEMEP corpus, emotional ‘distractors’ as categories not entailed in the test set, real-life noises that mask the clear recordings, and different sizes of the training set for machine learning. We show that machine learning based on state-of-the-art feature representations (wav2vec2) is able to mirror the main emotional categories (‘pillars’) present in perceptual emotional constellations even in degradated acoustic conditions.
Single-chromosome dynamics reveals locus-dependent dynamics and chromosome territory orientation

ABSTRACT Dynamic chromatin organization instantly influences DNA accessibility through modulating local macromolecular density and interactions, driving changes in transcription activities. Chromatin dynamics have been reported to be locally confined but contribute to coherent chromatin motion across the entire nucleus. However, the regulation of dynamics, nuclear orientation and compaction of subregions along a single chromosome are not well-understood. We used CRISPR-based real-time single-particle tracking and polymer models to characterize the dynamics of specific genomic loci and determine compaction levels of large human chromosomal domains. Our studies showed that chromosome compaction changed during interphase and that compactions of two arms on chromosome 19 were different. The dynamics of genomic loci were subdiffusive and dependent on chromosome regions and transcription states. Surprisingly, the correlation between locus-dependent nuclear localization and mobility was negligible. Strong tethering interactions detected at the pericentromeric region implies local condensation or associations with organelles within local nuclear microenvironments, such as chromatin–nuclear body association. Based on our findings, we propose a ‘guided radial model’ for the nuclear orientation of the long arm of chromosome 19.
Implications of Person Fluctuation for the Stability and Validity of Test Scores

In the IRT person-fluctuation model, the individual trait levels fluctuate within a single test administration whereas the items have fixed locations. This article studies the relations between the person and item parameters of this model and two central properties of item and test scores: temporal stability and external validity. For temporal stability, formulas are derived for predicting and interpreting item response changes in a test-retest situation on the basis of the individual fluctuations. As for validity, formulas are derived for obtaining disattenuated estimates and for predicting changes in validity in groups with different levels of fluctuation. These latter formulas are related to previous research in the person-fit domain. The results obtained and the relations discussed are illustrated with an empirical example.
Experimental Study on Dielectric Relaxation in NaNO2

The complex dielectric constant of NaNO 2 crystal was measured in a frequency range between 1 MHz and 24 GHz from room temperature to 210°C. The measuring methods in the various frequency ranges were described in detail and especially the measuring accuracies in the complex dielectric constant and the temperature were considered closely. It was found that a dielectric dispersion occurs in the ferroelectric b direction and this dispersion obeys nearly the formula of the Debye-type with a single relaxation time above the transition point. The relaxation frequency is proportional to ( T - T 0 ) near the transition point, where T is the temperature and T 0 is about 162°C, and deviates from this linear relationship above ca 180°C, bending upward. In the a and c directions, any remarkable change in the dielectric constant was not observed up to 24 GHz.
Prevalence and Characterization of CRISPR Locus 2.1 Spacers in Escherichia coli Isolates Obtained from Feces of Animals and Humans

We characterized spacers of CRISPR locus 2.1 in E. coli isolates obtained from the feces of various sources. Phage-derived CRISPR spacers are mainly acquired from the order Caudovirales, and plasmid-derived CRISPR spacers are mostly from the Enterobacteriaceae family. ABSTRACT The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) has been studied as an immune system in prokaryotes for the survival of bacteriophages. The CRISPR system in prokaryotes records the invasion of bacteriophages or other genetic materials in CRISPR loci. Accordingly, CRISPR loci can reveal a history of infection records of bacteriophages and other genetic materials. Therefore, identification of the CRISPR array may help trace the events that bacteria have undergone. In this study, we characterized and identified the spacers of the CRISPR loci in Escherichia coli isolates obtained from the feces of animals and humans. Most CRISPR spacers were found to stem from phages. Although we did not find any patterns in CRISPR spacers according to sources, our results showed that phage-derived spacers mainly originated from the families Inoviridae, Myoviridae, Podoviridae, and Siphoviridae and the order Caudovirales, whereas plasmid-derived CRISPR spacers were mainly from the Enterobacteriaceae family. In addition, it is worth noting that the isolates from each animal and human source harbored source-specific spacers. Considering that some of these taxa are likely found in the gut of mammalian animals, CRISPR spacers identified in these E. coli isolates were likely derived from the bacteriophageome and microbiome in closed gut environments. Although the bacteriophageome database limits the characterization of CRISPR arrays, the present study showed that some spacers were specifically found in both animal and human sources. Thus, this finding may suggest the possible use of E. coli CRISPR spacers as a microbial source tracking tool. IMPORTANCE We characterized spacers of CRISPR locus 2.1 in E. coli isolates obtained from the feces of various sources. Phage-derived CRISPR spacers are mainly acquired from the order Caudovirales, and plasmid-derived CRISPR spacers are mostly from the Enterobacteriaceae family. This is thought to reflect the microbiome and phageome of the gut environment of the sources. Hence, spacers may help track the encounter of bacterial cells with bacterial cells, viruses, or other genetic materials. Interestingly, source-specific spacers are also observed. The identification of source-specific spacers is thought to help develop the methodology of microbial source tracking and understanding the interactions between viruses and bacteria. However, very few spacers have been uncovered to track where they originate. The accumulation of genome sequences can help identify the hosts of spacers and can be applied for microbial source tracking.
Deciphering the Genetic Basis of Silkworm Cocoon Colors Provides New Insights into Biological Coloration and Phenotypic Diversification

Abstract The genetic basis of phenotypic variation is a long-standing concern of evolutionary biology. Coloration has proven to be a visual, easily quantifiable, and highly tractable system for genetic analysis and is an ever-evolving focus of biological research. Compared with the homogenized brown-yellow cocoons of wild silkworms, the cocoons of domestic silkworms are spectacularly diverse in color, such as white, green, and yellow-red; this provides an outstanding model for exploring the phenotypic diversification and biological coloration. Herein, the molecular mechanism underlying silkworm green cocoon formation was investigated, which was not fully understood. We demonstrated that five of the seven members of a sugar transporter gene cluster were specifically duplicated in the Bombycidae and evolved new spatial expression patterns predominantly expressed in silk glands, accompanying complementary temporal expression; they synergistically facilitate the uptake of flavonoids, thus determining the green cocoon. Subsequently, polymorphic cocoon coloring landscape involving multiple loci and the evolution of cocoon color from wild to domestic silkworms were analyzed based on the pan-genome sequencing data. It was found that cocoon coloration involved epistatic interaction between loci; all the identified cocoon color-related loci existed in wild silkworms; the genetic segregation, recombination, and variation of these loci shaped the multicolored cocoons of domestic silkworms. This study revealed a new mechanism for flavonoids-based biological coloration that highlights the crucial role of gene duplication followed by functional diversification in acquiring new genetic functions; furthermore, the results in this work provide insight into phenotypic innovation during domestication.
A rapid decline in the optical emission from SN 1957D in M83

As part of a search for the supernova remnants in M83, new interference filter images of the site of SN 1957D and new spectra of the young supernova remnant (SNR) itself have been obtained. Images were obtained in the light of Hα, [O III], [S II], and several continuum bands using the prime focus CCD camera on the CTIO 4 m telescope. An inspection of the images shows that the flux from the SNR, as observed through the [O III] filter, has decreased by at least a factor of 5 compared with observations made at Las Campanas 4 yr earlier
Discovery and implications of very low metal abundances in NGC 1404 and NGC 4374

We present our analysis of ASCA PV phase observations of the elliptical galaxies NGC 1404 and NGC 4374 (M84). The average metallicities in the hot gas derived from the SIS spectra are exceptionally low, Z approximately 0.15 solar, while the temperatures are 'typical,' kT approximately 0.75 keV. We also place upper limits on intrinsic column densities. The low abundances lend support to the theory of Fe enrichment of intracluster media by protogalactic Type II supernova-driven winds and raise the possibility of a fundamental connection between baryon fraction, dissipation, and abundances in elliptical galaxies.
Mechanical Thrombectomy Versus Best Medical Treatment in the Late Time Window in Non-DEFUSE-Non-DAWN Patients: A Multicenter Cohort Study

Background: We assessed the efficacy and safety of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in adult stroke patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion presenting in the late time window not fulfilling the DEFUSE-3 (Thrombectomy for Stroke at 6 to 16 Hours With Selection by Perfusion Imaging trial) and DAWN (Thrombectomy 6 to 24 Hours After Stroke With a Mismatch Between Deficit and Infarct trial) inclusion criteria. Methods: Cohort study of adults with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion admitted between 6 and 24 hours after last-seen-well at 5 participating Swiss stroke centers between 2014 and 2021. Mismatch was assessed by computer tomography or magnetic resonance imaging perfusion with automated software (RAPID or OLEA). We excluded patients meeting DEFUSE-3 and DAWN inclusion criteria and compared those who underwent MT with those receiving best medical treatment alone by inverse probability of treatment weighting using the propensity score. The primary efficacy end point was a favorable functional outcome at 90 days, defined as a modified Rankin Scale score shift toward lower categories. The primary safety end point was symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage within 7 days of stroke onset; the secondary was all-cause mortality within 90 days. Results: Among 278 patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion presenting in the late time window, 190 (68%) did not meet the DEFUSE-3 and DAWN inclusion criteria and thus were included in the analyses. Of those, 102 (54%) received MT. In the inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis, patients in the MT group had higher odds of favorable outcomes compared with the best medical treatment alone group (modified Rankin Scale shift: acOR, 1.46 [1.02–2.10]; P=0.04) and lower odds of all-cause mortality within 90 days (aOR, 0.59 [0.37–0.93]; P=0.02). There were no significant differences in symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (MT versus best medical treatment alone: 5% versus 2%, P=0.63). Conclusions: Two out of 3 patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion presenting in the late time window did not meet the DEFUSE-3 and DAWN inclusion criteria. In these patients, MT was associated with higher odds of favorable functional outcomes without increased rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage. These findings support the enrollment of patients into ongoing randomized trials on MT in the late window with more permissive inclusion criteria.