Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Hα Spectroscopy of Classical B-emission Stars

Classical B-emission (Be) stars are rapidly-rotating, massive stars that possess a dense, equatorial, gaseous disk. The presence of a disk was first inferred from the Balmer series emission that these stars exhibit, and Hα emission lines remain both a hallmark observational feature and one of the key diagnostics in determining the physical conditions within the disk. In the first chapter of this thesis, we investigate the possible role of line-driven winds in disk formation. To test if line-driven winds could supply enough material to account for the equatorial disk, we check for the presence of Hα emission in the models that result from different combinations of line-force parameters. We find that certain combinations of line-force parameters can indeed produce significant Hα emission, and that line-driven winds may be an important mechanism in removing material from the central star. The next chapter of this thesis employs the code Beray to perform a detailed study of the Hα emission profiles of Be shell stars. Modelling the peak height and separation of these profiles gives an indication of the average density structure of the disk, although in some cases we found that more than one density structure could adequately reproduce these features. This finding indicates that, ideally, other observables should be simultaneously considered in order to constrain the models. It was found, however, that the absorption depth of the synthetic Hα profiles was relatively insensitive to the choice of density structure, depending instead largely on the inclination angle of the model. Thus, the inclination angles of these stars are determined to within a few degrees in our models, and we find that Be shell stars may not be oriented as close to 90° as originally thought. The final chapter of this thesis investigates the density structure of an asymmetric disk surrounding the well-known Be shell star 48 Librae. We begin our study with a thorough investigation of the central star’s spectral type (as it is not well-determined and has a significant impact on all other aspects of the model) by modelling the star’s spectral energy distribution (SED). Next, the SED and polarization levels are used to determine the inclination angle of the system. We then employ the HDUST code to model an observed Hα emission profile. We consider each peak separately, and then average the initial densities required to reproduce each peak to obtain the average initial disk density. We find that 48 Librae is best represented by a B3V central star surrounded by a very dense disk whose average initial density is 1.1 × 10−10g cm−3, and that the system is oriented at 85°.
Wykorzystanie GIS i danych klimatycznych do obliczeń potencjału solarnego możliwego do wykorzystania w systemach C.W.U. i C.O.

Streszczenie. W ostatnich latach zaobserwować można znaczny wzrost popularności odnawialnych źródeł ciepła wykorzystywanych do zasilania systemów ogrzewania i przygotowania ciepłej wody użytkowej oraz rozwój technologii i wzrost efektywności stosowanych rozwiązań. W Polsce, mimo mniej korzystnych warunków klimatycznych, niż w południowej Europie, zauważalny jest rozwój instalacji pozyskujących energię słoneczną za pomocą kolektorów słonecznych, bądź ogniw fotowoltaicznych. W artykule zaprezentowano możliwości wykorzystania technik GIS (Geographic Information System) do szacowania potencjału solarnego na rozpatrywanym obszarze. Zaprezentowano przestrzenny rozkład rocznego całkowitego napromieniowania padającego na płaszczyznę horyzontalną w warunkach rzeczywistych oraz na płaszczyzny o nachyleniach , 45 , 60 i na obszarze Polski.
On the stable rank and real rank of group $C^*$-algebras of nilpotent locally compact groups

It is shown that if $G$ is an almost connected nilpotent group then the stable rank of $C^*(G)$ is equal to the rank of the abelian group $G/[G,G]$. For a general nilpotent locally compact group $G$, it is shown that finiteness of the rank of $G/[G,G]$ is necessary and sufficient for the finiteness of the stable rank of $C^*(G)$ and also for the finiteness of the real rank of $C^*(G)$.
Steady States of Globally and Locally Coupled Maps

We consider a coupled logistic map system that is interacting locally and globally simultaneously. We find numerically that the maps can be in steady states and investigate how widely the regions of the steady states are distributed in the parameter space. For purpose, we try to find a method to classify the regions of steady states in parameter space systematically by using some macroscopic measures. We also discuss some special aspects and stability of the steady states. Routes to the steady states are also investigated by comparing our case with the case of continuous-time oscillator systems.
Algorithms and architectures for decimal transcendental function computation

Nowadays, there are many commercial demands for decimal floating-point (DFP) arithmetic operations such as financial analysis, tax calculation, currency conversion, Internet based applications, and e-commerce. This trend gives rise to further development on DFP arithmetic units which can perform accurate computations with exact decimal operands. Due to the significance of DFP arithmetic, the IEEE 754-2008 standard for floating-point arithmetic includes it in its specifications. The basic decimal arithmetic unit, such as decimal adder, subtracter, multiplier, divider or square-root unit, as a main part of a decimal microprocessor, is attracting more and more researchers’ attentions. Recently, the decimalencoded formats and DFP arithmetic units have been implemented in IBM’s system z900, POWER6, and z10 microprocessors. Increasing chip densities and transistor count provide more room for designers to add more essential functions on application domains into upcoming microprocessors. Decimal transcendental functions, such as DFP logarithm, antilogarithm, exponential, reciprocal and trigonometric, etc, as useful arithmetic operations in many areas of science and engineering, has been specified as the recommended arithmetic in the IEEE 754-2008 standard. Thus, virtually all the computing systems that are compliant with the IEEE 754-2008 standard could include a DFP mathematical library providing transcendental function computation. Based on the development of basic decimal arithmetic units, more complex DFP transcendental arithmetic will be the next building blocks in microprocessors. In this dissertation, we researched and developed several new decimal algorithms and architectures for the DFP transcendental function computation. These designs are composed of several different methods: 1) the decimal transcendental function computation based on the table-based first-order polynomial approximation method; 2) DFP logarithmic and antilogarithmic converters based on the decimal digit-recurrence algorithm with selection by rounding; 3) a decimal reciprocal unit using the efficient table look-up based on Newton-Raphson iterations; and 4) a first radix-100 division unit based on the non-restoring algorithm with pre-scaling method. Most decimal algorithms and architectures for the DFP transcendental function computation developed in this dissertation have been the first at-
DEGREES AWARDED

InterAfrican Native Asian All Major national American American American Hispanic Caucasian Unknown Students Dance 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 Theater 0 1 0 0 0 4 2 7 Film Media 0 0 0 1 0 4 0 5 Studio Art 0 0 0 1 0 10 0 11 Music 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 Total 0 1 0 2 0 20 2 25 Classical Studies 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 4 Art History/Architecture 0 1 0 1 1 15 0 18 History 0 0 0 3 1 20 0 24 Philosophy 2 0 0 0 1 3 0 6 Relgion/Religious Studies 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 9 Total 2 1 0 4 3 50 1 61 American Civilization 0 0 0 0 0 21 1 22 International Studies 3 2 0 4 5 29 2 45 Biochemistry 0 0 1 0 2 2 0 5 Environmental Studies 2 0 0 1 1 24 1 29 International Politics & Economics 6 1 0 1 4 7 2 21 Molecular Biology 1 0 0 1 0 5 0 7 Independent Scholar 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 Neuroscience 0 1 0 0 0 6 1 8 Women & Gender Studies 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 12 4 1 7 12 95 7 138 Chinese Language/Lit. 0 0 0 1 0 5 0 6 French Language/Lit. 4 0 0 0 0 5 0 9 German Language/Lit. 2 0 0 0 0 3 0 5 Italian Language/Lit. 0 0 0 0 1 4 0 5 Japanese Language/Lit. 1 0 0 1 1 2 0 5 Russian Language/Lit. 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 Spanish Language/Lit. 0 0 0 0 4 5 0 9 Total 7 0 0 2 6 26 0 41 American Literature 0 0 0 1 1 12 1 15 Literary Studies 0 0 0 1 0 5 0 6 English 1 2 0 1 0 40 3 47 Total 1 2 0 3 1 57 4 68 Biology 0 0 0 1 0 21 1 23 Chemistry 2 0 0 0 0 6 1 9 Computer Science 5 0 0 0 0 4 0 9 Geology 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 3 Mathematics 1 0 1 1 0 8 0 11 Physics 3 0 0 0 1 11 2 17 Total 12 0 1 2 1 52 4 72 Economics 14 1 0 6 3 49 5 78 Geography 0 0 0 1 0 6 1 8 Political Science 1 1 0 3 4 25 4 38 Psychology 6 1 0 2 0 27 4 40 Sociology/Anthropology 1 1 0 0 2 9 2 15 Total 22 4 0 12 9 116 16 179 Grand Total 56 12 2 32 32 416 34 584
Harmonic Mitigation in Traction Supply Substation Using Cascaded H-Bridge Converter

The conventional three-level inverter has been proposed to act as a recuperating converter in Traction Supply Substation. This converter is mainly used to feed back the regenerative braking energy to the grid. However, passive filter is desired to mitigate the current and voltage harmonics. Therefore, this paper investigates the possibility to use a seven-level Cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) converter as the recuperating converter without additional filtering. The proposed converter is modeled with MATLAB/Simulink simulation software. It is then simulated with two potential modulation schemes, namely Phase-Shifted PWM (PS-PWM) and Phase-Disposition PWM (PD-PWM). The quality of AC waveforms produced by these two modulation methods is compared and studied. The results show that PS-PWM technique is preferable for this application as it offered a clean AC current waveform with less than 5% harmonic distortion. However, a twenty-one-level CHB was predicted to comply with the 8% voltage harmonic requirement.
Rietveld refinements of the paraelectric and ferroelectric structures of PbFe0.5Nb0.5O3

The aristotype and the two ettotypes of the complex perovskite PbFe0.5Nb0. 5O3 have been refined by the Rietveld method from neutron and x-ray powder diffraction data. To avoid errors due to sample off-stoichiometry or inhomogeneity, only powders obtained by grinding single crystals were analysed. At 523 K the cubic phase (space group Pmm), which is known to be stable for T > 376 K, has the lattice parameter ac = 4.010(1) Å and is characterized by disorder of the lead and oxygen atoms, as in most Pb-based complex perovskites. At 363 K the intermediate phase, stable for 355 K < T < 376 K, is confirmed to be tetragonal, space group P4mm, with lattice parameters at = 4.007(1) Å and ct = 4.013(1) Å. The best refinement for the low-temperature structure (T < 355 K) is obtained, both at 250 and 80 K, in monoclinic symmetry, space group Cm. The monoclinic cell at 250 K has parameters am = 5.674(1) Å, bm = 5.663(1) Å, cm = 4.013(1) Å and = 89.84°(2).
Evaluation of Grain Size Using the Ultrasonic Attenuation Rate

The current ultrasonic nondestructive methods for evaluating grain size require the thickness of the object to be highly accurate, and thus reduce its practicability and its reliability of the evaluation result. Based on the propagation of acoustic beams in material, the attenuation characteristics of first and second bottom-wall echo as against the front-wall echo are described, and the parameter of ultrasonic attenuation rate exclusive of the thickness is derived, both transmission coefficient and reflection coefficient are used to correct the ultrasonic attenuation rate. Taking the ultrasonic attenuation rate as the acoustic eigenvalue, an ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation model for mean grain size is presented. The proposed method is validated through the use of TP304 stainless steel frequently used in nuclear power plant, and a comparison is conducted between our method and the traditional methods such as ultrasonic velocity, attenuation and backscatter. The results show that the sensitivity of our method is notably better than that of the ultrasonic velocity method and the relative error of the developed method is greatly lower than that of the backscatter method when the thickness of the block is less than 6mm. Furthermore, the presented method effectively restrains the adverse impact on the grain size evaluation induced by the thickness, which is demonstrated by the fact that a TP304 square tube with wall thickness not convenient to measure, the mean grain sizes of measured by the attenuation method, the proposed method and the metallographic method are (100.3±2.8) m,(96.7±3.4) m and (93.1±1.8) m, respectively.
Equivalent circuit analysis of terahertz metamaterial filters

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Fondation of China (Nos. 61028011, 61007034, and 60977064), the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Tianjin Sci-Tech Program (Nos. 09ZCKFGX01500 and 10JCYBJC01400), and the 111 Program of China (No. B07014).
The Cosmic Gamma-Ray Background in the MeV Range

The γ-ray background from supernovae is calculated on the basis of the reconstructed efficiency of supernova explosions from star formation at various redshifts. The calculations presented here show how Type Ia supernova (SN) rates compatible with the results of optical supernova searches give a background emission in the MeV range that can explain the extragalactic emission measured by COMPTEL and the Solar Maximum Mission (SMM). Star formation histories reaching maximum values of 0.3-0.4 M☉ yr-1 Mpc-3 at z ~ 1.5 (and/or possibly keeping that value to higher z) give a γ-ray background compatible with observations, while they also predict the observed supernova rates per comoving volume. While supernova rates are sensitive to the cosmology and details of star formation history along z, the γ-ray background in the MeV range is very weakly dependent on the cosmology and compatible with a range of star formation histories. It is mostly sensitive to the star formation rate at z ~ 1-2, but the activity in forming stars at even higher z has an influence as well on the absolute level of the cosmic γ-ray background; the time elapsed by the SNe Ia progenitors until they explode has a broad distribution and the rates of SNe Ia at z ~ 1.5-2 depend on the formation frequencies of their progenitor stars at earlier epochs. The mutual consistency of predictions of optical rates and integrated emission in the γ-ray domain place on firm ground the Type Ia supernova identification as the astrophysical source responsible for this cosmic background.
Probing interaction and spatial curvature in the holographic dark energy model

In this paper we place observational constraints on the interaction and spatial curvature in the holographic dark energy model. We consider three kinds of phenomenological interactions between holographic dark energy and matter, i.e., the interaction term Q is proportional to the energy densities of dark energy (ρΛ), matter (ρm), and matter plus dark energy (ρm+ρΛ). For probing the interaction and spatial curvature in the holographic dark energy model, we use the latest observational data including the type Ia supernovae (SNIa) Constitution data, the shift parameter of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) given by the five-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP5) observations, and the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurement from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Our results show that the interaction and spatial curvature in the holographic dark energy model are both rather small. Besides, it is interesting to find that there exists significant degeneracy between the phenomenological interaction and the spatial curvature in the holographic dark energy model.
Level crossing analysis of cosmic microwave background radiation: a method for detecting cosmic strings

In this paper we study the footprint of cosmic string as the topological defects in the very early universe on the cosmic microwave background radiation. We develop the method of level crossing analysis in the context of the well-known Kaiser-Stebbins phenomenon for exploring the signature of cosmic strings. We simulate a Gaussian map by using the best fit parameter given by WMAP-7 and then superimpose cosmic strings effects on it as an incoherent and active fluctuations. In order to investigate the capability of our method to detect the cosmic strings for the various values of tension, Gμ, a simulated pure Gaussian map is compared with that of including cosmic strings. Based on the level crossing analysis, the superimposed cosmic string with Gμ≳4 × 10−9 in the simulated map without instrumental noise and the resolution R = 1′ could be detected. In the presence of anticipated instrumental noise the lower bound increases just up to Gμ≳5.8 × 10−9.
Malignant Hypertension in Association with Low Estrogen Dose Oral Contraceptives: Case Report and Review of Literature

Malignant hypertension (MH) has been described in association with high-dose (50 - 100 mcg) estrogen oral contraceptive pills (OCPs). Although the rise in blood pressure (BP) is usually mild, some women will have a more significant increase in BP, and hypertensive emergencies may very rarely occur. We present a 21-year-old Caucasian female with a past medical history of fibromyalgia and family history of hypertension (both grandparents) who was admitted with a three-day history of headache and blurring of vision in her left eye with a BP of 210/150. Her medications, which were continued on admission, included tramadol, 100 mg twice daily (bid), and low-dose estrogen OCP. During the hospital course, she received different antihypertensive medications and her hypertension was controlled. A diagnosis of MH due to OCP was made. All antihypertensive medications were stopped, except metoprolol, and the patient was discharged home on metoprolol with a BP of 107/55 mmHg. On follow-up in the medical clinic three months later, her visual disturbances had completely resolved and her BP was 98/56 mmHg. One-third of patients aged 15 - 44 years old who develop MH are likely to be on high-dose estrogen OCP. As far as we know, our case is the third documented case of MH occurring in patients on low-dose estrogen OCP. Chronic use of oral contraceptives will slightly increase the systemic BP in most women. It is advisable to avoid OCP in high-risk patients and do regular BP checks on patients on OCP. In patients presenting with hypertension or MH while on OCP, the OCP should be discontinued.
Comparison of nonclassicality between photon-added and photon-subtracted squeezed vacuum states

In this paper, we introduce photon-added and photon-subtracted squeezed vacuum state (PASV and PSSV) and obtain their normalized factors, which have the similar forms involved in Lengendre polynomials. Moreover, we give the compact expressions of Wigner function, which are related to single-variable Hermite polynomials. Especially, we compare their nonclassicality in terms of Mandel Q-factor and the negativity of Wigner function.
Itinerário terapêutico no cuidado mãe-filho: interfaces entre a cultura e biomedicina

O estudo teve como objetivo investigar o itinerário terapêutico no cuidado mãe-filho com interfaces entre a cultura e biomedicina. Com abordagem qualitativa e desenho exploratório, esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida entrevistando dez puérperas em um bairro de Florianópolis/SC. Com o software Atlas-Ti 5.0, os dados resultaram em quatro categorias: caracterização das participantes; reconhecendo-se como parte de uma rede de cuidados; balanceando saberes e práticas no cuidado mãe-filho; a cultura e a biomedicina – relações possíveis para um cuidado com sentido. Os resultados permitiram conhecer elementos do itinerário terapêutico de mães puérperas no cuidado de seus filhos, especialmente nas relações entre os três subsistemas que compõem o sistema de cuidados à saúde, na perspectiva da antropologia da saúde. Estas optam e definem caminhos considerando a especificidade do caso, incluindo gravidade, disponibilidade e adequação dos recursos, em um claro balanço entre saberes e práticas populares e científicas.
Joint optimisation of transmit waveform and receive filter for cognitive radar

In this study, the authors consider the problem of joint transmit waveform and receive filter design for cognitive radar. The problem is analysed in signal-dependent interference, as well as additive channel noise for an extended target with unknown target impulse response (TIR). To address this problem, an iterative algorithm is employed for target detection by maximising the average signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of the received echo on the premise of ensuring the TIR estimation precision. In this method, the transmit waveform and receive filter are optimally determined at each step based on the previous step. In particular, under the same constraint on waveform energy and bandwidth, the Lagrange multiplier method is also considered. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed iterative algorithm waveform achieves a higher rate of performance significantly compared to Lagrange multiplier algorithm waveform and traditional linear frequency modulated waveform, in terms of estimation accuracy and detection performance.
Excitation of dielectric barrier discharges by unipolar submicrosecond square pulses

Dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) are self-extinguishing discharges due to charge accumulation on dielectric surfaces. In order to take advantage of these surface charges also at a low repetition frequency, high-voltage unipolar square pulses (amplitude up to 15 kV, rise and fall time less than 20 ns) are applied to drive DBDs. For electrical diagnostics of this novel excitation method, a temporally dynamic model for diffuse DBDs is introduced, from which equations were derived which allow the calculation of internal electrical quantities in the discharge gap from measured external electrical quantities. It was found, following a primary discharge at the rising front or at the top of the voltage pulse, that a secondary discharge is induced at the end of the falling voltage flank without simultaneously consuming energy from the external circuit. The energy needed is provided by the accumulated surface and space charges left by the primary discharge, which are totally or partially lost under normal low-frequency sine or square wave excitation. Secondary discharges are observed in a wide range of electrode configurations, gases and gas pressures for both homogeneous and filamentary discharges. In the case of filamentary modes, secondary discharges are found to develop along the remaining channels of the preceding primary discharges. Experiments for ozone synthesis show an improved energy efficiency of 8-9 eV per ozone molecule, which is about 30% better than that achieved with sine wave excitation.
Plongements lipschitziens dans Rn

A Lipschitz embedding of a mctric space (X, d) into another one (Y, 8) is an application / : X -»• Y such that : 3/1. B 6 ]0, + oo [. Vx. x ' e X, Ad(x, x ' ) 6(/(x), f{x'}) Bd(x, x'). We dcscribe here three mcthods to obtain Lipschitz embeddings of the metric space (R*, || ||) into some metric space (R", || || ). The third method allows us to minimize, for k = 1, the rank ofsuch an embedding (i.c. to obtain the minimal value of the integer n).