Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Weak amenability of group algebras of connected complex semisimple Lie groups

We consider the problem of whether every continuous derivation from a group algebra LI(G) into its dual L? (G) (where the L1(G) actions on L? (G) are the adjoint of multiplication in L (G)) is inner, that is, of the form D(a) = aF Fa for some F E L? (G). This had previously been established to hold for discrete and amenable groups and is now established for G = Gl(n, C) and for all connected semisimple complex Lie groups.
Functional results of patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures who underwent surgery of proximal femoral nail or bipolar hemiarthroplasty – a comparative study

ABSTRACT Purpose: In this study, the functional results of patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures who underwent surgery were compared with their clinical features in terms of proximal femoral nail ( PFN ) and bipolar hemiarthroplasty ( BPH ). Methods: PFN (Group 1) was implanted in 40 of 89 patients (44 female, 45 male) aged between 51-80 (mean 68,16 ± 6,78) whereas BPH (Group 2) was used with 49 patients. Age, gender, fracture mechanism, additional disease, Body mass index (BMI), Albumin level, Hemoglobin (Hb) decrease level, T-score, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, type of anesthesia, surgery type, operation time, hospital stay and full weight-bearing time, the scores of Harris Hip Function (HHS), the social function of Jensen (JSF), Parker-Palmer mobility (PPMS) in preoperative and postoperative periods, and postoperative complications were all recorded. Results: In group 1; patients were younger, operation time was 46.78 ± 5.29 minutes and hospital stay was 2.48±0.75 days, which were shorter compared with group 2. For group 1, most surgery types were closed, T-score was -2.49±0.59 and better, the time of full weight-bearing was 3.48±0.78 months, Hb decrease was 1.17±0.37 and less, and Albumin level was 3.11±0.4 g/dL and higher compared to group 2 (p<0.05). HHS was better in the BPH group at the sixth month (p<0.05). In group 1, the 12th, and 24th months scores of JSF were better, PPMS was higher in all evaluations (p<0.05). Operation time, ASA, T-score, albumin correlate with functional scores, while BMI and Hb did not. Conclusion: Many factors are important for progressing patients with intertrochanteric femur fractures toward a functional level. Considering these parameters in patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture , PFN or BPH can both be used for treatment according to the surgeon's preference.
Critical Currents -Width Achieved in Ex Situ YBCO Coated Conductors Using a Faster Conversion Process

Implementation of improved processing for ex situ YBCO coatings from e-beam evaporated precursors enables faster conversion with rates up to 12 and critical currents at 77 K greater than 350 A/cm-width on a RABiTS template. Details of the faster processing are described and compared to an earlier slower process. A linear relation between and YBCO layer thick- ness provides evidence of new opportunities to further improve .
ROLE OF CAPNOGRAPHY IN SAFE SEDATION OF VITRECTOMY PATIENTS

Purpose: To evaluate the efficiency of the capnography monitoring added to routine monitoring on oxygen desaturation, hypoxemia, and other vital parameters. Methods: 100 adult patients who had elective vitrectomy under sedation were included in this study. Patients were divided into “experiment”(capnography added to routine monitoring) and “control”(capnography not added to routine monitoring) groups. Hypoxemia, desaturation, tachycardia, bradycardia, additional maneuvers for the airway were compared. Increase and decrease in end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2) levels, hypoxemia, desaturation, Integrated Pulmonary Index (IPI) levels requiring attention (5-7), and intervention (1-4) were determined in the experiment group, and frequencies of them were assessed. Results: Desaturation and bradycardia rates and counts in the experiment group were significantly lower than the control group. No significant difference was seen between groups in terms of hypoxemia, tachycardia, and additional maneuvers. 76%(38/50) of experiment group patients had decrease in EtCO2, 10%(5/50) increase in EtCO2, 38%(19/50) apnea, 52%(26/50) IPI levels requiring attention, 14%(7/50) IPI levels requiring intervention. Conclusion: With addition of the capnography to routine monitoring of sedated vitrectomy patients, oxygen desaturation and bradycardia can be less likely to occur, and with instant follow-up of the EtCO2, apnea, and IPI levels; respiratory depression can be recognized before oxygen desaturation develops.
Optimal Sample Size and Composition for Crop Classification with Sen2-Agri's Random Forest Classifier

Sen2-Agri is a software system that was developed to facilitate the use of multi-temporal satellite data for crop classification with a random forest (RF) classifier in an operational setting. It automatically ingests and processes Sentinel-2 and LandSat 8 images. Our goal was to provide practitioners with recommendations for the best sample size and composition. The study area was located in the Yaqui Valley in Mexico. Using polygons of more than 6000 labeled crop fields, we prepared data sets for training, in which the nine crops had an equal or proportional representation, called Equal or Ratio, respectively. Increasing the size of the training set improved the overall accuracy (OA). Gains became marginal once the total number of fields approximated 500 or 40 to 45 fields per crop type. Equal achieved slightly higher OAs than Ratio for a given number of fields. However, recall and F-scores of the individual crops tended to be higher for Ratio than for Equal. The high number of wheat fields in the Ratio scenarios, ranging from 275 to 2128, produced a more accurate classification of wheat than the maximal 80 fields of Equal. This resulted in a higher recall for wheat in the Ratio than in the Equal scenarios, which in turn limited the errors of commission of the non-wheat crops. Thus, a proportional representation of the crops in the training data is preferable and yields better accuracies, even for the minority crops.
Wearable Optical Fiber Beat Frequency Digital Sensing System for Real-Time Non-Invasive Multiple Human Physiological Parameters Monitoring

An optical fiber beat frequency sensing system (BFSS) for multiple human physiological parameters monitoring is proposed. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first BFSS ever reported for multiple human physiological parameters monitoring. By utilizing both fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and fiber laser sensor, not only a low frequency vibration detection with the lowest detectable frequency of 0.25 Hz can be achieved for respiration, heartbeat and pulse signals monitoring, but also human body temperature can be monitored at the same time. Two kinds of beat frequency signals (BFS) are generated in the sensing systems including both polarization laser modes’ beat frequency (PMBF) signals and longitudinal mode beat frequency (LMBF) signals. The PMBF signal is utilized for respiration, heartbeat and pulse signals monitoring. Variational mode decomposition (VMD) algorithm is utilized to decompose the monitored time-frequency PMBF signals into single-component respiration, heartbeat and pulse signals. The central frequencies of those signals are obtained by fast Fourier transform (FFT). The LMBF signal is utilized for human body temperature sensing. Measurement results demonstrate that the wearable optical fiber beat frequency digital monitoring system has a simple structure, high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), stability, accuracy and muti-parameters sensing capability including respiration, heartbeat, pulse and human body temperature without mutual interference.
Resolution of Otitis Media with Effusion in Adults after a Three-Day Course of Treatment with a Manosonic Nebulizer—A Pilot Study

Background and Objectives: Aerosol drug administration is the primary treatment modality of otitis media with effusion (OME). An automatic manosonic aerosol generator (AMSA) delivers, with an acoustic overpressure, a therapeutic dosage of a drug by inhalation of the aerosol. However, available studies confirming their efficacy, especially in adults, are limited. Therefore, this pilot single-arm trial aimed to analyze changes in adults with OME following AMSA treatment. Materials and Methods: A group of 36 patients (mean age 51.4 years) with OME underwent a three-day treatment with inhaled mucolytic and steroids administered by AMSA. Tympanometry (tympanogram type, volume, compliance, pressure, and gradient) was performed to measure middle ear effusion before and after the intervention. Results: Following the intervention, partial and complete OME remission was observed in, respectively, 29 (81%) and 14 (39%) patients. The tympanogram type of the affected ears differed between baseline and after intervention measurements (p < 0.001). Tympanometry-based normalization, improvement deterioration and no change were observed in, respectively, 34 (68%), 1 (2%) 2 (4%), and 13 (26%) affected ears. Following the intervention, we observed an increase in continuously assessed middle ear volume (∆median 0.19 mL, p = 0.002) and pressure (∆median 142 daPa, p < 0.001), as well as a higher proportion of patients achieving categorical normalization of compliance (16% vs. 54%, p < 0.001) and pressure (28 vs. 64%, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Treatment efficacy was not affected by age, sex, or season of recruitment (all p > 0.05). The results of this pilot study are encouraging, however, the use of AMSA management of OME in adults needs to be verified in future studies.
Translational Inertial Spin Effect with Moving Particles

Although the final conclusion of a preceding paper was incorrect the main point remains, and should entail the existence of sui generis recoil effects associated with nonzero values of curl sigma ( sigma is the spin density). These should be observed by testing, not with solids as was previously proposed, but with the probability fluids associated with moving particles; this more refined type of experiment should be able to select, among the set of integrally equivalent energy-momentum tensors, the one describing locally the true or physical energy-momentum flux. It is shown, by an explicit calculation, that cylindrical type solutions of the extreme relativistic Dirac equation exist with no z dependence of the wave function (and thus no k/sub z/ component of the momertum) but still with a z component of the Dirac probability current; as this conclusion is reached with a t dependence of the wave function of strictly the form exp (-iWt/h), there is no question of having to perform a Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation to extract the positive energy contribution (or equivalently, to use the NewtonWigner position operator). The transverse inertial spin effect is predicted to be locally described by the flux of the Dirac current per time dt andmore » surface ds and corresponds to the local transition probabilities between the dynamical state of the beam and a pointlike localization of the incident particles. (auth)« less
A Study of the Method for Retrieving the Vegetation Index from FY-3D MERSI-II Data

NDVI data have been widely used to detect and monitor vegetation status at regional, continental, and global scales. FY-3D MERSI-II NDVI (FNDVI) is a critical operational product used in many studies monitoring ecosystems and agriculture and assessing climate change and its risks, including drought and fire. MERSI-II and MODIS have very similar spectral response functions in the red and near-infrared channels, making MERSI/NDVI an effective replacement for MODIS/NDVI (MNDVI). Therefore, it is critical to conduct a thorough evaluation of the product’s quality. In this study, the consistency characteristics of two normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) products, FY-3D MERSI-II NDVI and MODIS NDVI, were compared and validated at national and regional scales in China from 2020 to 2021. To assess the consistency of these two NDVI datasets, the correlation coefficient, root-mean-square error, and mean bias error were used. The findings revealed that the spatial distribution patterns of FNDVI and MNDVI were highly consistent across the country at the monthly time scale. The correlation coefficients were greater than 0.9475 for the two years 2020–2021, while the average deviation was between 0.02 and 0.05, and the root-mean-square error was 0.11. Based on the difference in the time consistency between FNDVI and MNDVI, the changes in the monthly NDVI values of the two types of satellites are generally consistent across the country. Among the three typical experimental areas, the relative deviation of the regional time series for products was the highest in Xinjiang. The relative average deviation of FNDVI in other regions was low, and its change trend was consistent with that of MODIS.
Oxidative homeostasis in follicular fluid and reproductive outcomes – from bench to bedside

Free radicals and oxidant molecules are part of our organism in a stable balance. However, when addressing female infertility, questions about their role in oocyte quality arise. This review outlines the major alterations of redox homeostasis in the follicular fluid through pathophysiological conditions in female reproduction and its potential effect on IVF outcome. A review of the literature was accurately performed. Manuscripts investigating follicular fluid biomarkers, especially related to oxidant molecules, were screened and used in this review. Studies assessing the follicular reactive species were found and screened. Moreover, studies assessing the IVF outcomes related to biomarkers were considered. The results are provided in an analytical pathway. The study of biomarkers confirms the shift to enhanced oxidizing modification of macromolecules and antioxidative consumption in the follicular fluid of women undergoing IVF treatment. A lack of congruency in methods appears to be marked in the design of scientific studies. However, it is not clear whether redox disbalance has a disruptive effect on the oocyte competence or whether it plays a role in the oocyte maturation process. Red-ox balance plays a questionable role in IVF outcomes. Possible further insights may consider the antioxidant role of adjuvants during controlled ovarian stimulation cycles.
Sustainable Management Behavior of Farmland Shelterbelt of Farmers in Ecologically Fragile Areas: Empirical Evidence from Xinjiang, China

The farmland shelterbelt is an important artificial ecological project for improving farmland microclimates, ensuring agricultural production, and promoting sustainable development in China’s ecologically fragile areas. Due to the quasi-public attribute, farmland shelterbelts were mainly constructed and managed by the government in the past. In recent years, the reform of the separation of three rights in collective forestland and the mechanism of “private supply of public goods” have prompted farmers to participate in the modern forest management system. However, there is a lack of consistency between farmers’ management intentions and actual contract operation and management behaviors, resulting in weakened management and protection in many places, which seriously restricts the construction efficiency of farmland shelterbelts. Therefore, based on the survey data and planning behavior theory (TPB) of 1106 farmers in 16 major agricultural production areas (counties) in Xinjiang, this study aims to explore the key factors affecting farmers ‘forestry management and production decision making and to verify the transformation mechanism of farmers’ behavior through path analysis. The results show that the management decisions of farmers in ecologically fragile areas follow the path form of “cognitive → intention → behavior”, in which the multi-dimensional cognition of farmers has a significant impact on farmers’ behavioral intention, while the effect on behavioral response is relatively small, which currently depends on the promotion of ecological compensation and government behavior. Finally, this study puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for continuously stimulating the farmers’ forest operation behavior and provides policy reference for promoting the sustainable development of farmland shelterbelts in ecologically fragile areas put forward countermeasures and suggestions for continuously stimulating farmers’ forestry behavior.
Simultaneous Measurement of Strain and Temperature Distributions Using Optical Fibers with Different GeO2 and B2O3 Doping

Compensating for the effects of temperature is a crucial issue in structural health monitoring when using optical fiber sensors. This study focused on the change in sensitivity due to differences in GeO2 and B2O3 doping and then verified the accuracy when measuring the strain and temperature distributions simultaneously. Four types of optical fiber sensors were utilized to measure the strain and temperature in four-point bending tests, and the best combination of the sensors resulted in strain and temperature errors of 28.4 μϵ and 1.52 °C, respectively. Based on the results obtained from the four-point bending tests, we discussed the error factors via an error propagation analysis. The results of the error propagation analysis agreed well with the experimental results, thus indicating the effectiveness of the analysis as a method for verifying accuracy and error factors.
Dissecting the Spectrum of Stroke Risk Factors in an Apparently Healthy Population: Paving the Roadmap to Primary Stroke Prevention

We aimed to investigate, for the first time, the spectrum of stroke risk factors specific to the population of the Republic of Moldova. The subjects were examined according to a pre-established protocol of risk factor estimation. The study involved 300 subjects, including 60% women and 40% men, with a mean age of 49.9 ± 14.5 years. The most common risk factor was abdominal obesity, identified in 75% of subjects; general obesity was detected in 48%, while 32% of subjects were overweight and 20% were normally weighted. Hypertension was observed in 44%; 8% of those examined had atrial fibrillation, and 9% had diabetes mellitus. Left myocardial hypertrophy on ECG was present in 53% of subjects, and acute ischemic changes in 2%. Laboratory observations detected that glycosylated hemoglobin increased by 7%, and >50% had dyslipidemia. Total cholesterol was significantly elevated by 58%, LDL-cholesterol was increased by 32%, and HDL-cholesterol was decreased by 9%. Homocysteine was increased in 55% and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in 28% of subjects. These results indicate the presence of modifiable risk factors and the necessity to elaborate on the primary prevention strategies aimed at minimizing the burden of stroke in the population of the Republic of Moldova.
External anal sphincter electromyography in multiple system atrophy: implications for diagnosis, clinical correlations, and novel insights into prognosis

Multiple system atrophy is a sporadic, progressive, adult-onset, neurodegenerative disorder characterized by autonomic dysfunction symptoms, parkinsonian features, and cerebellar signs in various combinations. An early diagnosis of multiple system atrophy is of utmost importance for the proper prevention and management of its potentially fatal complications leading to the poor prognosis of these patients. The current diagnostic criteria incorporate several clinical red flags and magnetic resonance imaging markers supporting diagnosis of multiple system atrophy. Nonetheless, especially in the early disease stage, it can be challenging to differentiate multiple system atrophy from mimic disorders, in particular Parkinson’s disease. Electromyography of the external anal sphincter represents a useful neurophysiological tool for differential diagnosis since it can provide indirect evidence of Onuf’s nucleus degeneration, which is a pathological hallmark of multiple system atrophy. However, the diagnostic value of external anal sphincter electromyography has been a matter of debate for three decades due to controversial reports in the literature. In this review, after a brief overview of the electrophysiological methodology, we first aimed to critically analyze the available knowledge on the diagnostic role of external anal sphincter electromyography. We discussed the conflicting evidence on the clinical correlations of neurogenic abnormalities found at external anal sphincter electromyography. Finally, we reported recent prognostic findings of a novel classification of electromyography patterns of the external anal sphincter that could pave the way toward the implementation of this neurophysiological technique for survival prediction in patients with multiple system atrophy.
Cyclic fatigue resistance of EdgeTaper Platinum, Protaper Gold, and TruNatomy Prime rotary files before and after autoclave sterilization

Background This in vitro investigation aimed to determine the influence of multiple autoclave cycles on the cyclic fatigue resistance of three heat-treated nickel-titanium (NiTi) files: EdgeTaper Platinum (ETP), ProTaper Gold (PTG), and TruNatomy Prime (TN). Materials Sixty NiTi files, twenty of each NiTi file type: ETP 25/. 06, PTG 25/. 08, and TN 26/. 04 were randomly divided into four equal subgroups (n = 5). The files for the control group were left un-autoclaved. Different autoclave sterilization cycles (one, five, and ten) were used for the other three groups. The files were then placed in a metal canal block and rotated according to the manufacturer’s instructions until fracture. The length of the broken segment and the time taken for fracture were measured. The fractured surfaces were subsequently subjected to SEM imaging. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the data, followed by Dunn-Bonferroni pairwise comparisons. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results ETP showed significantly greater resistance to cyclic fatigue than TN in all autoclave groups and PTG after five autoclave cycles (p = 0.014). Fatigue resistance was not affected by the number of autoclaving cycles, except for ETP. After the first and tenth autoclaving cycles, they required significantly more rotations to failure than the non-sterilized files (p = 0.039 and p = 0.021, respectively). The fractured segments of the ETP files in these two groups were also longer than those in the control group (p = 0.010). Conclusion The cyclic fatigue resistance of ETP was greater than that of TN in all tested conditions. Repeated autoclave cycles of sterilization improved the cyclic fatigue resistance of the ETP files only and did not affect the cyclic fatigue resistance of TN and PTG. However, the ETP files separated at a longer distance from the tip with increased autoclaving cycles.
High-performance photonic crystal membrane reflectors by magnetically guided metal-assisted chemical etching

Based on Fano resonance principles in photonic crystals, high performance broadband reflectors can be realized with 100% reflection. Applying an innovative magnetic field guided metal-assisted chemical etching (MacEtch) process, we report here high performance membrane reflectors on SOI with controlled sidewall etching and high reflection around 1550 nm. This work represents the first demonstration of magnetically guided MacEtch (h-MacEtch) of periodic arrays of discrete nanoholes of sub-micron dimensions. Such an innovative process can lead to facile formation of large area 2D and 3D nanoscale-structures, for high performance photonic crystal membrane reflectors, filters, and metamaterials.
How the laws of physics lie

In this sequence of philosophical essays about natural science, Nancy Cartwright argues that fundamental explanatory laws, the deepest and most admired successes of modern physics, do not in fact describe the regularities that exist in nature. Yet she is not 'anti-realist'. Rather, she draws a novel distinction, arguing that theoretical entities, and the complex and localized laws that describe them, can be interpreted realistically, but that the simple unifying laws of basic theory cannot.