Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Soluble endoglin regulates signaling by bone morphogenetic protein 9

Endoglin is a type III co-receptor of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family. It plays a critical role in angiogenesis, and mutations in endoglin can lead to the vascular disease hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. The soluble form of endoglin (sEng) has been found in human sera and enhanced levels correlate with the vascular disorder preeclampsia. In this study we have expressed and purified the extracellular domain (ECD) of human endoglin using human cells. This recombinant sEng was secreted in both monomeric and dimeric forms which could both bind to the TGF-β type receptor activin receptor-like kinase (ALK)1 ECD and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)9. Our results indicate that monomeric sEng has multiple effects on BMP9 induced signaling, and does not only function as a ligand trap. Further research on the underlying molecular mechanisms by which sEng affects BMP signaling might be helpful for resolving the action of sEng in preeclampsia and other related vascular diseases.
Analysis of relationship between rainfall anomaly and SST Nino 3.4 anomaly for determination of key areas of Indonesia’s climate diversity to support climate change adaptations on agricultural sector

The vast territory of Indonesia and its position flanked by two oceans and two continents make the Indonesia’s climate very dynamic and complex. On the other hand, climate variability and its change continue to occur and the impacts vary signifikan in agriculture sector. The pattern and tendency of climate variability can be detected through global indices such as Nino 3.4 sea surface temperature (SST) and its relationship to rainfall anomalies. Rainfall is one of the climate parameters that most plays a role in agriculture. The most obvious impact of climate change on the agricultural sector is the reduction in planting area and the decrease in production. Therefore, the Agriculture Sectorneeds to make adaptation efforts to reduce the risk due to climate change. This paper presents the results of the analysis of the relationship between Nino 3.4 SST anomalies with rainfall anomalies to determine the key regions of Indonesia's climate diversity.Key Areas were identified based on the correlation more than 0.5 and less than -0.5 significance less than 0.1 of the Niño 3.4 SST index with rainfall anomalies. The results of the analysis show that every condition in both El-Niño and La-Niñahas a different lag and global index where the correlation is strong and significant. Key areas have been identified in El-Niño and La-Niñacondition. These regions are areas that are significantly affected by climate variability and have an impact on rainfall anomalies which will ultimately affect the agricultural sector.
COST ESTIMATING DATABASE MODEL FOR CONSTRUCTION PROJECT

Cost estimating is one of the most important steps in project management. A cost estimate establishes the base line of the project cost at different stages of development of the project. A cost estimate at a given stage of project development represents a prediction provided by the cost engineer or estimator on the basis of available data. Numerous computer aided cost estimation software systems are now available. However, most practitioners is still using a spreadsheet application to estimate project costs, which is easy to use, but on the other hand is lack of providing the information that we needed quickly, because it stores the data not in database format. This study aims to develop a database model to estimate the cost of construction projects at different stages of project development. The study starts from analyzing the old system is already running, then proceed with developing a process model and database model in accordance with the results of earlier analyzes .
FEMALES HAVING POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME WITH INDICATION OF ABNORMAL CARDIOVASCULAR HOMEOSTASIS IN YOUNG

: Objective: To assess nitro oxidant concern in females through polycystic ovarian disorder and ongoing biochemical records of endothelial capacity. Population: Through PCOS and nineteen age- and weight-coordinated solid volunteers there were eighteen females. Methods: Levels of nitric oxide (NO) metabolites remained evaluated by chemiluminescence. Electron paramagnetic reverberation spectroscopy with turn capture was applied to measure oxidative pressure ex vivo and in vitro. The limit of cancer-preventing agents was estimated by means of oxygen radical absorbance. Our current research was conducted at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore from January, 2018 to January, 2019. Main results estimated: Including NO metabolites, lipid-interfered radicals, and cell strengthening limit, including Biochemical records of endothelial capacity. Results: Alkoxyl (lipid-interfering) free radicals remained identified as the predominant species, but then again levels were not different between women through WBCP and controls, regardless of whether they were legitimately estimated ex vivo (midpoint 8.3 [range 0.18-17.74]e6 subjective units [u]). a. ] and 8.3 [1.7-11.8]e6 subjective units [u.a. ], individually, P = 0.58) or when they are reinvigorated in vitro to test the age limit of radicals (1.23 [0.3-5.63]e7 u.a., moreover, 1.1 [0.49-16.9]e7 u.a. individually, P = 0.72). Plasma NO metabolites remained comparable in both sets (nitrite: 258 _ 117 nmol/l [SCOP], 261 _ 135 nmol/l [controls] P = 0.94; nitrate: 27 _ 7 lmol/l [SCOP], 27 _ 7 lmol/l [controls] P = 0.88). In the relapse examination, the instinctive fat region was autonomously related to the oxidative potential in vitro (b = 0.6, P = 0.002). All limits of the plasma cancer prevention agent (94 _ 30% [WCP], 79 _ 24% [controls], P = 0.09) and plasma hydroperoxides (7.5 _ 4 lmol/l [WCP], 6.7 _ 5 lmol/l [controls], P = 0.21) did not vary amongsets. Nevertheless, the limit of lipophilic cell strengthening remainedinferior in females with contrasting PCOS and controls (93 _ 34 and 125 _ 48%, individually, P = 0.03). Conclusion: No change in free radical flow or nitro-oxidant pressure. But overweight young females through PCOS show a decrease in the limit of lipophilic cancer-preventing agent in healthy contrasting volunteers.
Effects of in vivo Treatment with an LHRH Antagonist Analog (D-PHE2 -D-TRP3 -D-PHE6) in the Immature Male Rat’ Progression of spermatogenesis

The effect of an antagonist analog (D-Phe2-D-Trp3-D-Phe6) of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) on the reproductive system of immature male rats was investigated in vivo. Subcutaneous administration of the analog twice daily for 2 weeks led to a severe depletion of pituitary gonadotropins without modifying the serum gonadotropin levels or the plasma or testicular testosterone levels. The weights of the body, anterior pituitary, testes or sex accessory organs were not affected by the analog. in the analog treated animals was also comparable to that observed in control animals which received injections of diluent alone. The reduced pituitary gonadotropin levels may have been due to a direct effect of the analog on the pituitary gland, the hypothalamus or both.
PERCEPTION AND REALITY BEHIND NUTRITIONAL STATUS AMONG PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IN KOTA BAHARU, KELANTAN, MALAYSIA

: Background : High consumption of sugar-added food or beverages which is low in nutrient and high in calorie lead to an adverse effect on children general health. The objective of this study is to assess the relationship between the family socioeconomic status (SES) and nutritional status with frequency of sugar-added foods and beverages consumption of preschool children from Jabatan Kemajuan Masyarakat (KEMAS) in Kota Bharu District, Kelantan. Method: This study was conducted to determine the most significant factor that has a strong relation to the expenditure factor of a studied family. There are 219 participants from 15 TABIKA (KEMAS) in Kota Bharu, Kelantan were involved and bayesian regression approach was used as a tool to determine the most regular type of food according to their food expenditure. Results: There were no much in differences in number of male and female preschool children in this study where female were (49.3%) and male were (50.7%). Bayesian regression analysis, showed that both of variables have a significant on the p value towards expenditure factor, sweets variable with the value of  57. and the lokchen (fast sweet foods) variable with the value of  p  which had significantly lower (p<0.05). Conclusion: As a conclusion, preschool children in Kelantan had higher expenditure on candy and lockhen.
The Use of Syntactic Structure in Relationship

This thesis describes a method of relationship extraction that uses surface and syntactic features of text along with entity detection information to perform sentence-level relationship extraction tasks. The tasks are to build and test classifiers for the following relationships: employer-employee, organization-location, family, and personlocation. Methods of reducing noise in these features sets are also discussed, and experimental evidence of their effectiveness is presented. Performance of the system is analyzed in terms of precision and recall, and errors of the system are discussed along with proposed solutions. Finally a reformulation of the problem is presented along with a discussion of future work. Thesis Supervisor: Michael J. Collins Title: Assistant Professor
Hierarchical micro-/nanoscale domain structure in Mc phase of (1-x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 single crystal

A hierarchical micro-/nanoscale domain structure is revealed in MC phase of (1−x)Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3–xPbTiO3 single crystal near the morphotropic phase boundary by combination of analytical electron microscopy and polarized light microscopy. The hierarchical domain structure is a self-assembling of nanodomains with tetragonal structure, submicrodomains appearing as monoclinic, and microdomains exhibiting the same monoclinic state due to an average effect. The outstanding piezoelectric properties may result from the cooperative response of the hierarchical micro-/nanoscale domain structure.
PI‐based controller for low‐power distributed inverters to maximise reactive current injection while avoiding over voltage during voltage sags

In the recently deregulated power system scenario, the growing number of distributed generation sources should be considered as an opportunity to improve stability and power quality along the grid. To make progress in this direction, this work proposes a reactive current injection control scheme for distributed inverters under voltage sags. During the sag, the inverter injects, at least, the minimum amount of reactive current required by the grid code. The flexible reactive power injection ensures that one phase current is maintained at its maximum rated value, providing maximum support to the most faulted phase voltage. In addition, active power curtailment occurs only to satisfy the grid code reactive current requirements. As well as, a voltage control loop is implemented to avoid overvoltage in non-faulty phases, which otherwise would probably occur due to the injection of reactive current into an inductive grid. The controller is proposed for low-power rating distributed inverters where conventional voltage support provided by large power plants is not available. The implementation of the controller provides a low computational burden because conventional PI-based control loops may apply. Selected experimental results are reported in order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Overview of the NTCIR-16 RCIR Task

The NTCIR-16 RCIR pilot task aimed to motivate the development of a first generation of personalised retrieval techniques that integrate reading comprehension measures and eye tracker signals as a source of information when ranking text content. The dataset used in the challenge was newly generated by capturing eye movement measures while experimental participants read text passages on a computer screen. The RCIR challenge included two sub-tasks: a) the comprehension-evaluation task (CET) that involved predicting a measure of a reader’s comprehension for text passages and, b) the comprehension-based retrieval task (CRT) that involved retrieving relevant passage texts ranked by comprehension score. The participating teams were ranked using Spearman’s correlation coefficient ( 𝜌 ) for the CET sub-task and normalised Discounted Cumulative Gain ( 𝑛𝐷𝐶𝐺 score) for the CRT sub-task.
Research Data Repository Interoperability WG Final Recommendations

: Huge amounts of research data stored in a multitude of research data repository platforms can often only be used by a comparably small audience. On the one hand, this is caused by differences in semantics, underlying data models and metadata schemas, whose complexity and number prevents scientists from taking advantage of them. On the other hand, a lack of interoperability between research data repository platforms causes research data not to be used to their full potential. The goal of the RDA Research Data Repository Interoperability WG (RDRIWG) was to achieve consensus on an adoptable approach to facilitating research data repository interoperability for a defined set of initial use cases. The following document presents final recommendations the members of the RDRIWG have agreed on.
A Unified Formula for The nth Derivative and The nth Anti-Derivative of the Bessel Function of Real Orders

A complete solution to the problem of finding the nth derivative and the nth anti-derivative of elementary and special functions has been given. It deals with the problem of finding formulas for the nth derivative and the nth anti-derivative of elementary and special functions. We do not limit n to be an integer, it can be a real number. In general, the solution is given through unified formulas in terms of the Fox H-function and the Miejer G-function which, in many cases, can be simplified to less general functions. This, in turn, makes the first real use of these two special functions in the literature and shows the need of such functions. In this talk, we would like to present the idea on the Bessel function which is a well known special function. One of the key points in this work is that the approach does not depend on integration techniques. We adopt the classical definitions for generalization of differentiation and integration. Namely, the nth order of differentiation is found according to the Riemann-Liouville definition where (k − 1 . The generalized Cauchy n-fold integral is adopted for the nth order of integration
Generalized Likelihood Block Detection for SPAD-Based Underwater VLC System

In the underwater visible light communication (VLC) system, the single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) can expand communication distance. However, the output signals from practical SPADs under dead time limit are not Poisson distributed. In this paper, the generalized likelihood block detection (GLBD) receiver is developed for practical SPAD-based underwater VLC system with on–off keying modulation. The proposed receiver can detect the data sequence without any prior knowledge of the channel and the background radiation. Correspondingly, a fast search algorithm for GLBD receiver is also proposed. In addition, a block coding scheme is utilized to solve the error floor problem. Simulation results show that the bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed receiver is closer to the BER low bound compared to the existing receiver. Moreover, the fast search algorithm reduces the computational complexity without any performance loss.
Cellular Response to Exposure with Different Radiation Qualitieswith a Focus on Nuclear Factor kB

Understanding the cellular radiation response is an essential prerequisite for the risk assessment of astronauts’ space radiation exposure during long-term space missions and for effective countermeasure development. The same holds for improving cancer radiotherapy, including carbon ion therapy. Space radiation exposure bears two major risks: large solar particle events (SPE) might cause the acute radiation syndrome, and the chronic exposure to galactic cosmic rays (GCR) increases the cancer and cataract risk. Energetic heavy ions as GCR components are of major importance because of their high relative biological effectiveness (RBE). The cellular radiation response involves a complex network of signaling pathways, which result in cell-protective (DNA repair, cell cycle arrest) or cell-destructive (cell death) reactions. The central role of p53 in the radiation response was recognized early, while in radiobiological research, the Nuclear Factor kB (NF-kB) pathway was less investigated. NF-kB is a central transcription factor in the immune system and in inflammation, and exhibits pro-survival effects. Especially its activation in response to space relevant radiation qualities and carbon ion therapy needs to be known. Furthermore, possible combined effects of radiation and other spaceflight environmental factors such as microgravity on the NF-kB pathway are unknown.
University of Birmingham Zephyr:

Hoarding disorder is a complex condition that has attracted little research attention, despite adversely affecting 2-5% of the population. We review the options and difficulties in the treatment of hoarding disorder using technology. We present a novel intervention design, delivered on tablets, that combines a Cognitive Bias Modification game with goal tracking functionality. We outline two experiments in progress: a lab study to measure the impact of our game on a non-hoarding population, and a probe study to determine the suitability of the intervention for participants with hoarding disorder.
JET-ACCELERATED MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS: THE MASS-VELOCITY AND INTENSITY-VELOCITY RELATIONS

We use numerical simulations to clarify the mass-velocity and intensity-velocity relations for jet-driven outo ws. The simulated CO proles reproduce the broken power laws observed of molecular outo ws remarkably well, with no need for two distinct entrainment regimes. An analytic model is proposed to explain the exponent ’ 1:5 of the underlying smooth mass-velocity relation.
Millimeter-wave substrate-integrated waveguide based leaky-wave antenna with broadbeam radiation at broadside

A novel broadbeam, planar leaky-wave antenna with radiation at broadside in the millimeter-wave frequency range using substrate-integrated waveguide technology is proposed. By feeding the antenna at the middle point along its length and by working at the splitting condition, a bi-directional traveling leaky-wave gives rise to a beam at the broadside direction in the far-field. The design is validated with full-wave simulations showing that a half power beamwidth of 30° and 130°, in the H- and the E-planes, are respectively possible for a 375MHz bandwidth (1% fractional bandwidth) around 24GHz. In this frequency range, realized gain values are above 8dBi.
The impact of trade openness on FDI inflows in Asian emerging economies

Abstract In many countries, foreign direct investment is becoming one of the most significant components of economic development. The Asian emerging market is regarded as one of the best places to invest. Many governments have taken steps to deal with international trade to attract more foreign direct investment and open up their economies by implementing several progressive policies and creating a free trade zone. The main objective is to examine the impact of trade openness on foreign direct investment inflows in Asian emerging economies by employing the Panel-Pooled Mean Group Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PMGARDL) model and examining the direction of the causality between trade openness and FDI inflows using the Granger causality test period from 1996 to 2019. To examine the impact of trade openness on FDI inflows, we employed potential determinants of FDI such as GDP, population size, inflation, mobile telephone subscriptions, gross fixed capital formation, and total reserve as control variables in the model. As a result, trade openness has a positive and statistically significant impact on FDI inflows in the long run, but there is no significant relationship between trade openness and FDI inflows in the short run. The Granger causality test indicated that Asian emerging countries have a unidirectional causal relationship and that the causality runs from trade openness to foreign direct investment. In line with the findings, it is better to promote strong open trade policies to improve the investment climate in each country to attract more FDI into the region.
DERIVATION OF MEMBERSHIP FUNCTIONS FOR FUZZY VARIABLES USING GENETIC ALGORITHMS

This report explores the applicability of genetic algorithms (GAs) to derive fuzzy variable membership functions in the domain of radiological waste characterization and classification. The experimental results show that the performance of the target fuzzy expert system can be improved by using the membership functions evolved by the GA to tune membership functions provided by human experts. Chapter I introduces the problem briefly and discusses why using machine learning technologies to improve the fuzzy variable definitions is desirable. Chapter II describes how fuzzy logic and GAs work. The major steps of a GA are discussed. Other work in applying GAs in fuzzy applications is also reviewed. In Chapter III, the purpose, structure, and implementation of the fuzzy expert system and the problems with the system performance are discussed. In Chapter IV, the design and implementation of the GA are presented in detail. This includes the design of data structures for genes and chromosomes, the design of the fitness evaluation function, the choice of selection strategies, and the implementation of genetic operators. The influence of genetic parameters is also discussed. Chapter V presents the performance of the GA under different genetic parameter configurations and the corresponding performance improvement of the fuzzy expert system when using the membership functions evolved by the GA. Chapter VI summarizes the work and points out further work that can be done to improve the performance of the fuzzy expert system. ii DEDICATION I would like to dedicate this project to my wife, Meiling Sha, and my son, Baijiang Chen. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am very grateful to Dr. Susan Bridges, who contributed many valuable insights into my research during the past one and a half years. As my major advisor, she provided me many directional ideas in determining this project topic. She also directed the entire process of this project and the writing of this report and my Master's program. I owe thanks to Dr. Julia Hodges for her valuable suggestions and comments in this and our DIAL project. And I also want to thank Dr. Rainey Little for his kind help in my study here. Last, I want to thank Dr. Gene Boggess. The initial idea about this project was first formed while I was taking his great class " Genetic Algorithms " last year.
Type Theoretical Foundations for Data Structures, Classes, and Objects

In this thesis we explore the question of how to represent programming data structures in a constructive type theory. The basic data structures in programing languages are records and objects. Most known papers treat such data structure as primitive. That is, they add new primitive type constructors and supporting axioms for records and objects. This approach is not satisfactory. First of all it complicates a type theory a lot. Second, the validity of the new axioms is not easily established. As we will see the naive choice of axioms can lead to contradiction even in the simplest cases. We will show that records and objects can be defined in a powerful enough type theory. We will also show how to use these type