Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Binarized Embeddings for Fast, Space-Efficient Knowledge Graph Completion

Methods based on vector embeddings of knowledge graphs have been actively pursued as a promising approach to knowledge graph completion. However, existing embedding models generate storage-inefficient representations, particularly when the number of entities and relations, and the dimensionality of the real-valued embedding vectors are large. We present a binarized CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP) decomposition algorithm, which we refer to as B-CP, where real-valued parameters are replaced by binary values to reduce model size. Moreover, a fast score computation technique is developed with bitwise operations. We prove that B-CP is fully expressive given a sufficiently large dimensionality of embedding vectors. Experimental results on several benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed method successfully reduces model size by more than an order of magnitude while maintaining task performance at the same level as the real-valued CP model.
Recycled Polyolefin Blends: Effect of Modified Natural Zeolite on their Properties and Morphology

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of treated natural zeolite on the flow behavior, morphology, thermal, and mechanical properties in recycled polyolefin blends. A model polymer blend consisting of 95 wt% polyolefines and 5 wt% polystyrene was studied. Compositions from this recycled blend and dehydrated zeolite in a narrow concentration range (0–5 wt%) were treated with maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene and initiator dicumyl peroxide. The compositions were characterized by capillary rheometry, wide-angle X-ray scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and mechanical tests. The results show a compatibilizing effect of treated zeolite expressed by increase of shear viscosity and improvement of interfacial interactions and impact strength. The results can open wide possibilities for utilization of treated zeolite in recycling of unsorted polymer wastes. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Individual characteristics and geospatial reasoning ability: a multigroup analysis of age, culture, and gender

ABSTRACT Professionals routinely view, interpret, and make decisions using geospatial data. Nevertheless, our scientific understanding of how individuals work with geospatial information is still limited. While contemporary decision support systems improve geospatial decision-making, managers and researchers must form a more comprehensive understanding of how decision-makers work with geospatial data. For instance, little is known about the prerequisite cognitive abilities required to solve geospatial problems, how to measure such abilities effectively, and the influence of individual characteristics on these abilities. To address this need, we validate the Geospatial Reasoning Ability (GRA) measurement scale on a large sample (N = 794) using a structural equation model (PLS-SEM) analysis. Furthermore, we examine the effects of age, culture, and gender on the model through multigroup (PLS-MGA and permutation) analyses. Our findings demonstrate the validity of the 12-item GRA scale and indicate higher GRA scores for females. Contributions and implications of our findings are provided.
Claves diagnósticas en el paciente adulto con derrame pleural: revisión narrativa

El derrame pleural se define como la acumulación anormal de líquido en el espacio pleural, que se produce por el aumento en la producción o disminución en su drenaje. Es una entidad frecuente en la práctica clínica y obedece a múltiples causas, las cuales varían de acuerdo con la epidemiología local, los antecedentes y el contexto clínico. Es determinante el análisis del líquido pleural, cuando esté indicado, así como otras ayudas diagnósticas teniendo en cuenta la presentación clínica con énfasis en las condiciones comórbidas y las infecciones. De estas últimas, se destaca la tuberculosis y la neumonía, entidades bastante frecuentes en nuestro medio. El tratamiento va dirigido a la causa de base, aunque hasta en el 25 % de los pacientes no se identifica una causa evidente.
Twitter’s impact in building reputed hospital brands in USA

Social media have become a strategic tool for hospitals interested in boosting their corporate communication and achieving several organizational objectives such as improving patient’s engagement or reinforcing their own corporate reputation. These platforms help hospitals adapt their communication strategies to a new context (new patients’ demands, increasing competition between health organizations, development of health technologies, etc.). This paper aims to analyse Twitter’s impact in branding initiatives led by hospitals. To do that, we carried out a literature review about corporate communication, branding and social media; and then, we analysed Twitter’s corporate profiles of the best US hospitals in the treatment of oncological diseases. This paper concludes that hospitals interested in effectively using Twitter as a corporate communication tool for branding initiatives need to carry out a strategic reflection before launching any initiative on this platform, improve Twitter’s integration with other social media platforms and mobile applications, and facilitate better collaborations between health professionals and communication experts.
Beampattern Synthesis for Phased Array With Dual-Phase-Shifter Structure

This communication proposes a convex optimization algorithm to synthesize desirable beampattern for phased array with the dual-phase-shifter (DPS) structure. In the DPS structure, dual phase shifters are combined into one beamforming weight. Compared with conventional phased array, the moduli of the weight vector are not necessarily fixed constants in the DPS structure but can be changed in a continuous interval. For this reason, we propose a method that turns the beampattern synthesis problem into a convex optimization problem. The method can be readily implemented and efficiently solved using freely accessible routines. We consider how to obtain the weight vector with two beampattern synthesis problems. The first one is to maximize the mainlobe gain (or minimize the mainlobe loss) when the notch level is determined. The second one is to minimize the notch level when the mainlobe gain (or the mainlobe loss) is determined. In both cases, we can get suboptimal solutions. Under different situations, numerical results of simulations confirm the effectiveness of the two algorithms.
Detecting and predicting forest degradation: A comparison of ground surveys and remote sensing in Tanzanian forests

Summary • Tropical forest degradation is widely recognised as a driver of biodiversity loss and a major source of carbon emissions. However, in contrast to deforestation, the more gradual changes from degradation are challenging to detect, quantify, and monitor. Here we present a field protocol for rapid, area-standardised quantifications of forest condition, which can also be done by non-specialists. Using the example of threatened high-biodiversity forests in Tanzania, we analyse and predict degradation based on this method. We also compare the field data to optical and radar remote sensing datasets, thereby conducting a large-scale, independent test of the ability of these products to map degradation in East Africa from space. • Our field data consist of 551 ‘degradation’ transects collected between 1996 and 2010, covering >600 ha across 86 forests in the Eastern Arc Mountains and coastal forests. • Degradation was widespread, with over one third of the study forests – mostly protected areas – having more than 10% of their trees cut. Commonly-used optical remote-sensing maps of complete tree cover loss only detected severe impacts (≥25% of trees cut), i.e. a focus on remotely sensed deforestation would have significantly underestimated carbon emissions and declines in forest quality. Radar-based maps detected even low impacts (<5% of trees cut) in ~90% of cases. The field data additionally allowed to differentiate different types and drivers of harvesting, with spatial patterns suggesting that logging and charcoal production were mainly driven by demand from major cities. • Rapid degradation surveys and radar remote sensing can provide an early warning and guide appropriate conservation and policy responses. This is particularly important in areas where forest degradation is more widespread than deforestation, such as in east and southern Africa.
Gradient Feature-Oriented 3-D Domain Adaptation for Hyperspectral Image Classification

Domain adaptation, which cleverly applies the classifier learned from the source domain with sufficient labeled samples to the target domain with limited labeled samples, provides a feasible alternative to handle the small training sample problem of hyperspectral image (HSI) classification and has attracted much attention in the research field recently. Apparently, feature discriminative ability is vital for domain adaptation, which plays a crucial role during the migration process of transfer learning. In this article, a gradient feature-oriented 3-D domain adaptation (GF-3DDA) approach is proposed for HSI classification. First, 3-D Gabor is employed to remove noise from the original data, and two 2-D gradient-based features, 2-D Sobel gradient (SG) and 2-D derivative-of-Gaussian (DtG), are extended to the 3-D domain to coincide with the integrated spatial–spectral organization of HSI. Thus, the 3-D Sobel–Gabor gradient (3DSGG) and 3-D derivative-of-Gaussian-Gabor (3DDGG) features are achieved. Second, a 3-D domain adaptation method is implemented to jointly exploit the second- and fourth-order statistical descriptors in the spatial–spectral dimensions, which could effectively reduce domain shifts and thus achieve improved domain adaptation. Third, all the extracted domain-adapted feature modules are collaboratively classified by extreme learning machine (ELM), and the probability-like outputs of every ELM classifier are combined together to accomplish the classification task. Four hyperspectral data sets that each contains two scenes, i.e., Pavia, Shanghai–Hangzhou, Indiana, and Houston, are tested in the experiments. When only ten labeled samples per class are used in the target domain, the classification accuracies on four hyperspectral data sets achieved by our GF-3DDA approach are 93.31%, 84.35%, 69.32%, and 80.06%, respectively.
Patients’ and Clinicians’ Perceived Trust in Internet-of-Things Systems to Support Asthma Self-management: Qualitative Interview Study

Background Asthma affects 235 million people worldwide. Supported self-management, including an action plan agreed with clinicians, improves asthma outcomes. Internet-of-things (IoT) systems with artificial intelligence (AI) can provide customized support for a range of self-management functions, but trust is vital to encourage patients’ adoption of such systems. Many models for understanding trust exist, some explicitly designed for eHealth, but no studies have used these models to explore trust in the context of using IoT systems to support asthma self-management. Objective In this study, we aim to use the McKnight model to explore the functionality, helpfulness, and reliability domains of patients’ and clinicians’ trust in IoT systems to deliver the 14 components of self-management support defined by the PRISMS (Practical Reviews in Self-Management Support) taxonomy. Methods We used think-aloud techniques in semistructured interviews to explore the views of patients and clinicians. Patients were recruited from research registers and social media and purposively sampled to include a range of ages, genders, action plan ownership, asthma duration, hospital admissions, and experience with mobile apps. Clinicians (primary, secondary, and community-based) were recruited from professional networks. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and thematic analysis was used to explore perceptions of the functionality, helpfulness, and reliability of IoT features to support components of supported self-management. Results A total of 12 patients and 12 clinicians were interviewed. Regarding perceived functionality, most patients considered that an IoT system had functionality that could support a broad range of self-management tasks. They wanted a system to provide customized advice involving AI. With regard to perceived helpfulness, they considered that IoT systems could usefully provide integrated support for a number of recognized components of self-management support. In terms of perceived reliability, they believed they could rely on the system to log their asthma condition and provide preset action plan advice triggered by their logs. However, they were less confident that the system could operate continuously and without errors in providing advice. They were not confident that AI could generate new advice or reach diagnostic conclusions without the interpretation of their trusted clinicians. Clinicians wanted clinical evidence before trusting the system. Conclusions IoT systems including AI were regarded as offering potentially helpful functionality in mediating the action plans developed with a trusted clinician, although our technologically adept participants were not yet ready to trust AI to generate novel advice. Research is needed to ensure that technological capability does not outstrip the trust of individuals using it.
Light-induced changes in dairy products.

Exposure to light can change product quality of foods and beverages. As for milk and milk products, light-induced processes are often oxidations which may lead to discoloration, formation of off flavours, loss of nutrients and formation of oxidation products, some of which are suspected to be toxic. Only absorbed light can initiate chemical reactions. A comparison of the spectral distribution of the light to which a product is exposed during storage and retail display with the absorption spectra of sensitive components in the product is accordingly central for prediction of light-induced damage. Design of packaging material for protection of a product against light by exclusion of wavelengths especially harmful to the products also depends on such comparison. Sensitizing compounds have also to be taken into account as photosensitizers absorb light and either initiate radical processes (Type I) or transform ground-state oxygen into singlet-oxygen (Type II). In order to obtain a quantitative description of light-induced processes, a four-step strategy is presented which includes: (i) identification of photosensitive compounds/photosensitizers and the resulting product defects; (ii) determination of the quantum yield for relevant photoreactions(s) at varying wavelengths; (iii) construction of an action spectrum from quantum yields and absorption spectrum to be matched by the packaging material light absorption characteristics; and finally (iv) practical storage experiments, including quality evaluation.
System integration and optimization of copper-chlorine thermochemical cycle with various options for hydrogen production

ii Acknowledgements . v List of Tables . ix List of Figures . x Nomenclature . xiv Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 Energy and environment . 1 1.2 Energy utilization and sectors in Canada . 2 1.3 Hydrogen and energy industry . 5 1.4 Motivation and objectives . 8 1.4. 1 Motivation . 8 1.4. 1.1 Process integration of hydrolysis and electrolysis processes in the Cu-Cl cycle . 9 1.4. 1.2 Experimental development of the electrolysis process in the Cu-Cl cycle . 10 1.4. 1.3 System integration analysis of a gasification process and the Cu-Cl cycle . 12 1.4. 2 Objectives . 13 1.5 Thesis outline . 15 Chapter 2: Background . 17 2.1 Thermochemical Cu-Cl cycle . 17 2.2 Process integration technology . 22 2.3 Azeotropic mixture separation . 24 2.3. 1 General background – distillation of azeotropic mixtures . 25
Evaluation of point of care serum cryptococcal antigen by lateral flow immunoassay for diagnosis of cryptococcosis and cryptococcal meningitis in HIV-positive patients

Background: Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is the initial acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) defining illness in 2% of patients with CD4 levels <100/μL and a leading cause of mortality in AIDS in the developing world. It is the most common opportunistic infection of the central nervous system in AIDS in various Indian studies. Detection of serum cryptococcal antigen (SCRAG) is the most widely used diagnostic method for cryptococcosis. The presence of cerebrospinal fluid cryptococcal antigen (CSF CRAG) is diagnostic of CM. CRAG can be determined by latex agglutination (LAT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and now, by lateral flow (LFA)immunoassay. LFA is a point of care test that rapidly detects CRAG. Aims and Objectives: This study compares LAT and LFA for the detection of serum CRAG and diagnosing CM. Materials and methods: Two hundred and ten patients of HIV/AIDS were submitted to SCRAG LFA by dipstick. A sample was also sent to laboratory for SCRAG by LAT. CSF examination was done for those who were positive for SCRAG LFA and those who had symptoms suggestive of meningitis. SCRAG by LFA was compared with SCRAG by LAT, CSF CRAG by LAT and LFA, CSF cryptococcal culture and CSF India ink examination for Cryptococcus. Results: Fifteen patients were found positive for SCRAG by LFA dipstick. All of them were also positive for SCRAG by LAT. Twelve of them had C. D4 count below below 100 cells/mm3. CSF CRAG was positive in all 12 SCRAG positive who were submitted to CSF examination. Conclusion: We found that serum detection of CRAG by LFA dipstick is as sensitive as CRAG detection in serum by LAT and CSF CRAG detection by LFA and LAT. It is thus a rapid test for diagnosing CM in HIV patients with low CD4 counts.
Enhanced Optical Performance of BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ Phosphor by a Novel Method of Carbon Coating

Many strategies have been adopted to improve thermal degradation of phosphors. Because of the stability and high transmittance of graphene, here we report a novel method of carbon coating on BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ (BAM) phosphor particles through chemical vapor deposition. The chemical composition, microstructure, and luminescence performance of carbon-coated BAM were characterized carefully. This coating can be controlled within 3–10 atomic layers, depending on the reaction time. Because of the decrease of surface defects and the effective weakening effect of oxidizing Eu2+ to Eu3+ after carbon coating, different layer numbers showed an obvious effect on the optical properties of carbon-coated BAM. Carbon-coated BAM phosphors had higher emission intensity and better oxidation resistance at high temperature than uncoated BAM phosphors. These results indicate that the method of carbon coating on phosphor particles is a promising way to improve the luminescence properties of other phosphors used in lighting and d.
Different Approaches to Merchandise Trade Balance in Pakistan

The current study empirically examines the three major approaches to trade balance for Pakistan by utilizing the yearly data from 1972 to 2016. Monetary, elasticity, and absorption approaches were tested by developing a model that incorporates all three approaches. The significant contribution of the study is that it uses only the merchandise trade deficit account, which includes trade of only physical goods. The study used time-series data; therefore, variables have been tested for the stationarity, and it is found that there is a combination of I (0) and I (1) variables, so ARDL bounds testing approach to co-integration has been employed to find the short run and long run associations among the variables. The bound test results discovered that there is a presence of stable long-term association among the merchandise trade deficit account, real broad money supply, real effective exchange rate, and real domestic absorption. The results further revealed that merchandise trade discrepancy is determined purely by the real effective exchange rate, which specifies that the exchange rate's devaluation increases the deficit in the long run whereas in the short-run increase in domestic absorption decreases the merchandise trade deficit.
Regeneration of Fiber Bragg Gratings and Their Responses Under X-Rays

Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs)-based temperature sensors present numerous advantages such as small packaging, fast acquisition rate, and accuracy for structural health-monitoring applications in nuclear environments. Among the various classes of FBGs, Type I FBGs are inscribed with a UV continuous or pulsed laser on a photosensitive fiber or with femtosecond laser even in nonphotosensitive fibers. These gratings, however, cannot survive at temperatures exceeding 400 °C. Regenerated FBG (RFBG) gratings, instead, are derivative from type I grating: when a high thermal treatment (> 650 °C) is applied after the inscription on a prehydrogenated fiber, a new grating (RFBG) appears with different thermal properties. It withstands temperatures as high as 1000 °C, opening the way to new application fields such as the temperature monitoring of the nuclear reactor cores. This work investigates the radiation response of RFBGs originated from type I seed FBGs inscribed with an argon laser (244 nm) in two different fibers (SMF-28e fiber or in a B/Ge co-doped fiber), loaded with either H2 or D2 before the inscription to enhance the fiber photosensitivity. Regeneration was achieved at 650 °C or 900 °C depending on the fiber type. After this, the RFBGs were irradiated under 40-keV X-rays at two different dose rates [1 Gy(SiO2)/s or 10 Gy/s] and at two temperatures of irradiation—25 °C or 250 °C. At room-temperature (RT) irradiation, a Bragg Wavelength Shift (BWS) of about 35 pm was observed for the SMF-28e and more than 130 pm for the B/Ge fiber at 400-kGy dose, and the combined temperature and radiation constraints reveal that the RFBGs are radiation-tolerant. Indeed, no BWS is observed anymore, at the highest temperature of irradiation.
Influence of Social Interaction on Workplace Motivation and Efficiency of Instructors: An Exploratory Case Study about an Online University in Pakistan

This study investigates the level of social interaction, its determinants and influence on the instructors’ motivation and work efficiency in an online university in Pakistan. Exploratory case study design has been used for this purpose. Data was gathered through participant observations and one-to-one interviews. Ten interviews were conducted from instructors belonging to four different departments. Observations were carried out for a period of one month. The study revealed that in the online university, level of social interaction was lower than a traditional one. Instructors pointed out various reasons behind it including high workload, seating arrangements, and attitude of some of the heads. Even when they had free time and opportunities, most of the them preferred browsing through the internet or chatting with their fellows through computers. It appeared that the online culture and intense human-computer interaction had made them addicted to machines. Almost all the instructors agreed that higher and better level of social interaction would improve their job motivation, work efficiency and institutional attachment. They suggested more relaxed environment, trips and social gathering, workshops and conferences involving all the departments, sports week for the faculty members, and facilities like canteen and staffroom for improved social interaction and work experience.