Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling of a distillation column using bond graphs

10 1.0 INTRODUCTION . 11 1.1 The basics of a distillation column . 11 1.2 The basics of bond graphs . 16 1.3 The assumptions of a distillation column . 19 2.0 THE ELEMENTS OF A DISTILLATION COLUMN . 22 2.1 Mass balance.22 2.2 Energy balance . 25 2.3 Hydraulic (pressure and volume flow) . 28 2.4 Vapor-liquid equilibrium (chemical potential and molar flow) . 42 2.5 Heat (temperature and entropy). 50 2.6 Equation of state.52 2.7 Condenser and receiver . 56 2.8 Reboiler.62 2.9 Control system.68 3.0 MODELING WITH BOND GRAPHS . 70 3.1 Bond graph representation of the model.70 3.1.1 Hydraulic . 72 3.1.2 Thermal.78 3.1.3 Chemical.82 3.1. 4 Combining hydraulic, thermal, and chemical . 84 3.2 Hierarchical bond graph representation . 88 4.0 THE DISTILLATION COLUMN AS A SYSTEM . 94 4.1 The early models . 94 4.2 The Gallun model . 96 4.3 Modifying the Gallun model.102 4.4 Simulation results . 106 5.0 CONCLUSION.115 5.1 Future work in distillation.115 4 5.2 Future work in bond graphs . 117 TABLE OF CONTENTS — Continued APPENDIX A: NOTATION . 121 APPENDIX B: GALLUN’S DISTILLATION COLUMN . 128 B.1 The equations of the model.128 B.2 DYMOLA code of Gallun’s model.136 B.3 DYMOLA assessment of Gallun’s model . 159 APPENDIX C: ACSL CODE FOR SIMPLE DISTILLATION COLUMN MODEL.167 APPENDIX D: ACSL CODE FOR COMPLEX DISTILLATION COLUMN MODEL.188 REFERENCES.213
Nanorovers for Planetary Exploration

Recent advances in microtechnology and mobile robotics have made it feasible to create extremely small automated or remote-controlled vehicles which open new application frontiers. One of these possible applications is the use of nanorovers (robotic vehicles of the order of 10 grams or less) in planetary exploration. Such vehicles could be used, for example, to survey areas around a lander, or even to be distributed along the lander descent trajectory, and to look for a particular substance such as water ice or microfossils. The objective of this activity is twofold: to create a useful nanorover system using current-generation technology including mobility, computation, power, and communication in a 10 gram package, and also to advance selected technologies which offer breakthroughs in size reduction.
Development of a 3D Multi-Parameter Method to Evaluate Heart Looping and Chamber Volume in Zebrafish Embryos

: Heart disease remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Some congenital cardiac malformations can result from defects in heart looping, which is a key process that ensures the correct alignment of the future chambers. The zebrafish is a widely used model for studying this essential developmental process; however, there is a lack of a standardized methodology to quantitatively characterize the heart looping process. Here, we present a standardized method for improving the accuracy when estimating the degree of heart looping using the zebrafish as a model. Our method relies on access to a light-sheet microscope, and 3D analysis software, and it provides a means to acquire multi-parameter measurements related to shape changes during the heart looping process. This simple and more accurate approach can be used in future studies, which attempt to quantify heart-looping defects as well as aid in the elucidation of components of the signal transduction pathways that regulate this process.
Im Gespräch mit … dem Wissenschaftsteam der Wiener Schule für Osteopathie

▶ Abb. 1 Raimund Engel ist Direktor der Wiener Schule für Osteopathie (WSO). (Quelle: Anja Engel-Schulmeyer) Die Wiener Schule für Osteopathie (WSO) war die 1. osteopathische Ausbildungsstätte im deutschsprachigen Raum, an der man einen Master of Science in Osteopathie erwerben konnte. Das war Anlass genug, um das Wissenschaftsteam der WSO zu deren Erfahrungen in der Betreuung von Masterarbeiten in einem Interview zu befragen. Das Methodologie-Team der WSO besteht aus Raimund Engel, der auch Direktor der WSO ist, Astrid Grant Hay, Katharina Wimmer und Jan Porthun. Zunächst wurde Raimund Engel zum aktuellen Forschungsstand bezüglich der Osteopathie befragt.
THE LEARNING AUTONOMY OF THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED STUDENTS

After a definition of learning autonomy which emphasizes its relative nature, the reflection revolves around two questions: what are the obstacles to the autonomy of visually impaired students, in general and more particularly in language education and language acquisition, and what can be done for the students to grow? The capacities of each student, his/her personal and social attitude, the situations he/she is confronted with, the margin of freedom or independence which is granted or which he/she agrees with, the attitude of those around him/her, and the teacher's skills appear to be determining factors for optimal autonomy in language education and language acquisition.
Coryphaena hippurus un enfoque históricobibliográfico multidisciplinar de las investigaciones científicas del pez Dorado en el Ecuador

El pez Dorado Coryphaena hippurus es una especie con enorme repercusión biológica y financiera en el ámbito pesquero ecuatoriano. Se tiene registros de investigaciones desde 1980, realizadas por investigadores nacionales y extranjeros. El objetivo de este estudio fue reunir todos los trabajos escritos con rigor científico sobre C. hippurus en el Ecuador, con la finalidad de elaborar un registro histórico con información trascendente acerca del recurso. Se aplicó un tipo de metodología basada en la revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva de las investigaciones a nivel nacional, cuyos resultados evidenciaron datos relevantes para la dimensión biológica, ecológica y pesquera del Dorado. Un alto porcentaje de la literatura analizada proviene del esfuerzo documentado en tesis de pregrado impulsadas por diversas instituciones universitarias públicas y privadas, hecho que refleja cierta tendencia a que dicho conocimiento no pueda estar mayoritariamente disponible para el discernimiento de la comunidad científica en general, lo que suscita que la discusión sobre los aspectos estudiados de la especie en el territorio, no lleguen a conocerse más allá de las fronteras del mismo.
Knowledge-based genetic association study of hepatitis B virus related hepatocellular carcinoma

Background : Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have suggested several susceptibility loci of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by statistical analysis at individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). However, these loci only explain a small fraction of HBV-related HCC heritability. In the present study, we aimed to identify additional susceptibility loci of HBV-related HCC using advanced knowledge-based analysis.Methods: We performed knowledge-based analysis (including gene- and gene-set-based association tests) on variant-level association p-values from two existing GWASs of HBV-related HCC. Five different types of gene-sets were collected for the association analysis. A number of SNPs within the gene prioritized by the knowledge-based association tests were selected to replicate genetic associations in an independent sample of 965 cases and 923 controls.Results: The gene-based association analysis detected four genes significantly or suggestively associated with HBV-related HCC risk: SLC39A8, GOLGA8M, SMIM31, and WHAMMP2. The gene-set-based association analysis prioritized two promising gene set for HCC, cell cycle G1/S transition and NOTCH1 intracellular domain regulates transcription. Within the gene sets, three promising candidate genes (CDC45, NCOR1 and KAT2A) were further prioritized for HCC. Among genes of liver-specific expression, multiple genes previously implicated in HCC were also highlighted. However, probably due to small sample size, none of the genes prioritized by the knowledge-based association analyses are successfully replicated in the independent sample. Conclusions: This comprehensive knowledge-based association mining study suggested several promising genes and gene-sets associated with HBV-related HCC risk. More experiments or larger samples are needed to validate their contribution to the pathogenic mechanism of HCC.
Sociality and the Need for the Epistemology of Social Relatedness: IJSS Editorial Statement

As our inaugural statement, this article conceptualises sociality, which forms the focus of the "Interdisciplinary Journal of Sociality Studies". We reinvigorated its “scope and focus” for the cognisance of our potential authors. We also explicated, step by step, our fundamental editorial process, including the issue of originality, trustworthiness and misconduct, ethical considerations, citation and referencing style, disclosure and conflict of interest, permissions and acknowledgement, as part of our quality production process. The article also presents the academic background of all our inaugural editorial team to display the potential of IJSS towards the production of quality knowledge on sociality studies. Based on this exploration, we conclude that IJSS accommodates any scholarly articles that solve social-related problems with an iota of sociological and emancipatory tendency involving humans and their relationships with but not limited to environment, objects and subjects. Therefore, we recommend that all potential authors ensure that the author guidelines' instructions are strictly adhered to while preparing for submission.
Point Defects in Materials

This text provides an up-to-date coverage of the theoretical and experimental tools required for fundamental studies of point defects, with illustrative examples from a wide range of inorganic materials. On the experimental side a strong emphasis is placed on the powerful resonance and hyperfine methods which give detailed information on defect structures. Theoretical chapters cover statistical and quantum mechanical methods, particularly the computer simulations techniques which are now widely employed. The examples of applications of defect properties highlight the benefits of a controlled inclusion of defect properties for modern advanced technologies. This work provides coverage of the theoretical tools required for defect study, putting strong emphasis on the wide range of experimental techniques needed for analysis. Particular attention has been given to the powerful resonance and hyperfine methods which often give more detailed data than classical methods.
THE EFFECT OF SELECTED NON-GENETIC FACTORS ON KEY FERTILITY INDICES IN HIGH-YIELDING MONTBÉLIARDE COWS

c Abstract. The aim of the study was to analyse the effect of non-genetic factors on fertility in high-yielding Montbeliarde cows. The length of the rearing period for the Montbeliarde heifers in the herd analysed was found to depend on their origin and on the season in which they were born. Their average age at first calving was 908 days, with imported heifers calving for the first time on average 168 days later than native heifers. Heifers born in autumn months gave birth earliest, while those born from March to May calved latest. The acclimatization process may have negatively affected reproductive performance, as longer calving-to-first-service intervals (CFSI), service periods (SP), calving-to-conception intervals (CCI), and calving intervals (CI) were noted in the imported cows. Delayed first calving in heifers significantly increased the calving-to-first-service interval. In successive lactations a general downward trend was observed in the length of CFSI, SP, CCI and CI. Reproductive efficiency was significantly reduced by 305-day milk yield exceeding 10 000 kg FPCM. Hence, in the case of record productivity in the Montbeliarde breed, as in Holstein-Friesians, reduced fertility must be expected.
The Relationship between School Principals’ Empowering Leadership with Teachers’ Self-Efficiancy and Organizational Citizenship Behaivors

This study deals with the relationship between school principals’ empowering leadership with teachers’ self-efficiency and organizational citizenship behaviours. The target universe for the survey is the teachers teaching in central towns of Malatya province while the sample consists of 483 of them who voluntarily and properly filled the survey. Hypotheses were set prior to the relationship between variables and then the model based on these hypotheses were tested by means of SEM and moderator tests. The results show that the empowering leadership of school principals positively predicted teachers 'self-efficacy and organizational citizenship behaviors, and teachers' self-efficacy positively predicted their organizational citizenship behaviors. However, it explains 16% of the variance in teachers’ self-efficiency while the model explains 50% of the variance in organizational citizenship behaviours. Finally, it has been revealed that within the relationship between teachers’ organizational citizenship behaviours and empowering leadership; teachers’ self-efficiency has a partial moderator role. So it can be stated that our hypothesis on the relationship between school principals’ empowering leadership, teachers’ perceptions on self-efficacy and organizational citizenship behaviours have been proved while the model based on these hypothesis have also been proven prior to the results of real tests.
INTERSECTION COLLISION AVOIDANCE BY MEANS OF DECENTRALIZED SECURITY AND COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT OF AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES

This paper presents an intersection management system which uses a token-based communication protocol among autonomous vehicles in a specified zone around the intersection. This allows for the exchange of information on current position, velocity, and acceleration, which would then factor into the decision on whether or not to enter the intersection. Semaphore-based algorithms are used to ensure collision avoidance. These algorithm allow only one vehicle at a time to stay in a critical segment of an intersection.
Influence Of Estimator Attitude On Project Cost Reliability

The reliability of project estimates depend on a number of exogenous and/or endogenous factors to the estimator. Construction’s effort to improve the estimating function has been addressed at the exogenous factors. Notwithstanding progressive improvement achieved in estimating from addressing such exogenous factors, most project-oriented industries still suffer from unreliable estimates. Understanding the root causes of the persistence of unreliable estimates would therefore, call for a focus on factors other than the exogenous ones that most improvement efforts have addressed and formed the basis of the study that led to this thesis. The evidence suggests that an estimator’s personality archetype has a significant influence on their estimating reliability. The finding on effect of personality goes to explain why different estimators with the same or similar experience and qualification, exposed to the same set of information, deliver different levels of reliability in estimating.
Research on Risk Analysis and Management in the Software Development Process

Software risks are uncertain events in the process of software project management and development, and may bring harm or loss to the project plans and system quality. Project managers must identify the risk, analyze them and take action to manage the risks. This paper introduces the concepts of software risk, risk analysis and risk management. It discusses the processing methods of software risks and the means of estimating and managing risks. It mainly analyses the relationship of software risks and development process models. Risk management activities involve several important steps, including identification of the risks, analyzing them, and assigning priorities. It stresses the use of UML and UP process model have great role to reduce all the risks. Researching on software risk analysis and management has a great role for software production and software engineering.
IMPACT OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA AS
BIO-CONTROL AGENTS ON CITRUS NEMATODE, TYLENCHULUS
SEMIPENETRANS INFECTING BALADY ORANGE (CITRUS
SINENSIS L.) AND IMPROVING ITS PRODUCTIVITY

Three bacterial species of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) namely Paenibacillus polymyxa, Methylobacterium mesophilicum and Methylobacterium radiotolerans were tested alone or combined with humic acid as bio-control agents against the citrus nematode Tylenchulus semipenetrans under laboratory and field conditions. Results cleared that; all tested PGPR species produced IAA, HCN, ammonia, chitinase and protease enzymes and also solubilized phosphate in laboratory. P. polymyxa emphasized the superiority among other species in all PGPR properties except for phosphate solubilization, whereas M. radiotolerans showed highest amount of phosphorus solubilized in culture media. On the other hand, the results of the nematode survey conducted on orange, Citrus sinensis L. cv Balady grown in different localities of Ismailia and Sharkia Governorates during season 2019, revealed the presence of seven genera and species of plant-parasitic nematodes. Among which, T. semipenetrans occurred in all examined samples (100% frequency of occurrence) with a relatively high population density of 2330 and 2640 infected juveniles (J2) /250 g soil in Ismailia and Sharkia Governorates, respectively. Field experiments were conducted in two different locations, at Ismailia and Sharkia Governorates to assess the effectiveness of PGPR strains alone or combined to reduce the numbers of T. semipenetrans during season 2019. It was found that, all treatments caused significant (P≤0.05) reduction in T. semipenetrans population, compared to control treatment. The nematicide, Nemathorin® 10% G followed by P. polymyxa (20 L.fed-1 ) + foliarspraying of M. mesophilicm (5 L.fed-1 ) gave the highest efficacy in controlling the citrus nematode. Percentage reduction in numbers of J2/250g soil and adult females/1g roots for these treatments in Ismailia Governorate were 91% (85.7%) and 91.4% (89.5%), respectively. While the parallel values in Sharkia Governorate were 90% (87%) and 94% (90%), respectively. The combination of P. polymyxa and humic acid (20 L.fed-1 ) with foliar spraying of M. mesophilicm (5 L.fed-1 ) gained the third position. All treatments increased the fruit yield compared to control treatment. The highest percentages of increase were determined with Nemathorin (160% and 206%) followed by P. polymyxa + Humic acid (20 L.fed-1 ) + foliar spraying of M. mesophilicum (155.7% and 193%) and M. radiotolerans + P. polymyxa + foliar spraying of M. mesophilicum (153% and182%) in Ismailia, and Sharkia Governorates respectively.
Implementation of a High-Speed FPGA and DSP Based FFT Processor for Improving Strain Demodulation Performance in a Fiber-Optic-Based Sensing System

Abstract NASA’s Aviation Safety and Security Program is pursuing research in on-board Structural Health Management (SHM) technologies for purposes of reducing or eliminating aircraft accidents due to system and component failures. Under this program, NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) is developing a strain-based structural health-monitoring concept that incorporates a fiber optic-based measuring system for acquiring strain values. This fiber optic-based measuring system provides for the distribution of thousands of strain sensors embedded in a network of fiber optic cables. The resolution of strain value at each discrete sensor point requires a computationally demanding data reduction software process that, when hosted on a conventional processor, is not suitable for near real-time measurement. This report describes the development and integration of an alternative computing environment using dedicated computing hardware for performing the data reduction. Performance comparison between the existing and the hardware-based system is presented.
Investigation of Interference in Cognitive Radio Using Cooperative Sensing Techniques

The recent developments in wireless industries have led to a remarkable increase in spectrum demand. Literatures have shown that the scarcity of radio spectrum is mainly due to the inefficiency of traditional static spectrum allocation policies and the available spectrums are also underutilized. Cognitive Radio offers a solution by utilizing the spectrum holes that represent the potential opportunities for non-interfering use of spectrum. The reduction of this scarcity is however achieved by improving the spectrum sensing performance. A typical type of spectrum sensing task is cooperative spectrum techniques. The main concept behind cooperative spectrum sensing is to enhance the sensing performance by exploiting the spatial diversity in the observations of spatially located cognitive radio (CR) users by cooperation. CR users can share their sensing information for making a combined decision more accurate than the individual decisions. This paper presents cooperation method using Centralized Cooperative Spectrum Sensing (CCSS) and Decentralized Cooperative Spectrum Sensing (DCSS) based on the probability of true detection (P d ) and the probability of false detection (P f ). The P d being important to the primary user as it indicates their protection level from secondary users just as the (P f ) is important to the secondary users as it indicates their usage of an unoccupied channel. The simulation results shows that the robust and reliable detection of primary user (PU) is possible even at very low SNR and increases proportionately with the number of secondary user to a certain level which is of crucial importance in cooperative sensing techniques in cognitive radio.
Mobile Technology and Organizational Culture: The Challenges of Using Mobile Instant Messaging for Managing Work in the Malaysian Army

Mobile technology is one of the most favoured communication platforms in modern organizations. However, the organizations facing challenges in utilizing this technology and have given little regard to the possible setbacks of its usage. In the Army, the use of mobile instant messaging (MIM) may create conflicts with its command function, the flow of information, work focus, and military doctrines and values. The paper explains the nature of organizational communication in the Malaysian Army and the challenges of MIM usage in the Army working environment in the context of organizational culture. The findings based on the case study on the suitability of MIM usage in the Malaysian Army. Twelve Army officers from the ranks of Major and Lieutenant Colonel were selected for semi-structured interviews. The study discovers that military organization is a unique entity that having its own norms of work and social relationship and the values of the Army should be preserved during communication. The paper ends with recommendations to commanders and managers in the Army on how the technology should be utilized at the workplace.
Survey of smartphone-based sensing in vehicles for intelligent transportation system applications

Road crashes are a growing concern of governments and are rising to become one of the leading preventable causes of death, especially in developing countries. The ubiquitous presence of smartphones provides a new platform on which to implement sensor networks and driver-assistance systems, as well as other intelligent transportation system (ITS) applications. In this study, existing approaches of using smartphones for ITS applications are analysed and compared. Particular focus is placed on vehicle-based monitoring systems, such as driving behaviour and style recognition, accident detection and road condition monitoring systems. Further opportunities for use of smartphones in ITS systems are highlighted, and remaining challenges in this emerging field of research are identified.