Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quasiclassical theory of superconducting states under magnetic fields: Thermodynamic properties

We present a simple calculational scheme for superconducting properties under magnetic fields. A combination of an approximate analytic solution with a free energy functional in the quasiclassical theory provides a wide use formalism for spatial-averaged thermodynamic properties, and requires a little numerical computation. The theory covers multiband superconductors with various set of singlet and unitary triplet pairings in the presence of an impurity scattering. It is also applicable to analyze experimental results in a rotating magnetic field with help of band structure calculations. We demonstrate the application to s-wave, d_{x^2-y^2}-wave and two-band s-wave pairings, and discuss the validity of the theory comparing with previous numerical studies.
Automated Personnel Scheduling with Reinforcement Learning and Graph Neural Networks

This research investigates the extent to which a reinforcement learning agent can learn the heuristics of a combinatorial optimisation problem (CO), personnel scheduling, from a graph representation. In recent years, reinforcement learning has emerged as an effective data-driven approach to solving CO problems, a subset of mathematical optimisation that appear in many real-world tasks and can be costly to solve in terms of computing power and/or human resource. CO problems often have an underlying graph structure with relational inductive biases that can be exploited by powerful graph neural networks. Acrossarangeofproblemcomplexities, ourapproachwasablereturnconsistentlyhighaveragereward, performing significantly better than baselines.
Nexus Among Innovations, Financial Development and Economic Growth in Developing Countries

Studying the level of economic growth remains a topic of discussion among economists and policymakers. As economic growth further impacts the socioeconomic development of the country. The present study has investigated the impact of innovations and financial development on economic growth in case 58 developing counties from 2000 to 2020. To analyze the stationarity of the variables LLC, ADF-Fisher, IPS, and PP-Fisher unit roots have been used. This study uses a panel autoregressive distribution lag co-integration approach and a vector error-correction model for short-run dynamics of the model. For investigating the causal relationship among the variable’s variance decomposition and impulse response function have been applied. The outcomes of the study show that innovations, availability of physical capital, and trade have a positive and significant impact on economic growth. Financial development has significant but inverse influence on economic growth. It is suggested that for higher economic growth, developing countries improve the threshold level of financial development and use an innovative process of production. Urbanization and inflation hurt economic growth. Thus, developing countries should promote a stable inflation rate with liberalized trade, innovation, and physical capital to enhance economic growth.
Self-Care: A Vital Practice to Improve Health Promoting Lifestyles of a Novice Nurse Practitioner

Purpose: The project aimed to improve students' health-promoting lifestyles while enrolled in a master's degree nurse practitioner (NP) program by integrating self-care plan modules in their final-year curriculum. Background: New NPs should be equipped with self -care practices while enrolled in the master's degree program to develop health-promoting lifestyles, enhance overall wellbeing, and endorse healthy lifestyles to their patients. Methods: A convenience sampling was used in a single group preand post-survey using health-promoting lifestyle profile II (HPLP II) administered to NP students for eight consecutive weeks after performing a lifestyle self-care plan (LSCP). The survey included the six HPLP II subscales: spiritual growth, interpersonal relations, nutrition, physical activity, health responsibilities, and stress management. Results: Out of 17 participants, 13 completed the project. The participants’ healthy lifestyles improved. Health responsibility and interpersonal relations improved significantly. Stress management, physical fitness, and nutrition improvement minimally. Spiritual growth was consistently high in preand post-surveys. Participants reported they liked the self-care videos and found them helpful, but most did not have time to practice self-care due to busy schedules. Significance: Although new NPs cannot always avoid stress, adding self-care practice modules in the master’s degree curriculum could help improve healthy lifestyles, which may benefit them and the entire healthcare system.
A 180 nm CMOS Integrated System based on a Multilevel Synchronized Pulsed Modulation for High Efficiency Implantable Optical Biotelemetry

This paper reports on the design of a fully integrated UWB-inspired optical biotelemetry system for high efficiency implantable devices in biomedical applications. The communication link implements a multilevel data coding combined to a synchronized pulse position modulation technique operating with serial bitstreams having data rates from 60 Mbps to 240 Mbps and symbols composed by 1 up to 6 bits (configurable operating modes). The optical biotelemetry system takes advantage of the use of 300 ps laser pulses as the data transmitter and of a Si photodiode as the data receiver so guaranteeing reliable operations, wide bandwidth, high efficiency, electromagnetic compatibility, and signal integrity. The proposed system has been designed in TSMC 180 nm standard CMOS technology requiring a total Si area of about 0.044 mm2. Post-layout simulations demonstrate the correctness of the system functionalities and operations for transmission data rates up to 240 Mbps, symbol lengths up to 6 bits, and overall energy efficiencies lower than 22 pJ/bit. The comparison with results of similar solutions in the Literature demonstrates that the proposed system achieves the best performances in terms of data rate and energy efficiency.
Optimal pressure sensor locations in smart insoles for heel-strike and toe-off detection

Heel-strike and toe-off are important gait events for gait analysis. Smart insoles with pressure sensors in different locations have been proposed to detect these two gait events. However, there is no research to reveal optimal sensor locations under the foot for heel-strike and toe-off detection. To address this problem, a novel method based on the mechanism of heel-strike and toe-off detection was proposed to find out the optimal sensor locations. A smart insole system, which has 96 pressure sensors uniformly distributed on it, was used to supply ground truth. Experiment data was collected from six subjects, each of whom wore a pair of smart insoles and walked 15 steps at their comfort speeds. The results showed that two top optimal pressure locations identified with the proposed method were enough to detect heel-strike and toe-off with good accuracy. Options of top optimal sensor locations for heel-strike and toe-off detection were mainly concentrated in the middle of the heel area (sensors 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 13, and 14) and the front edge of the metatarsal bone area (sensors 55, 59, 60, and 61), respectively. This research provided references for future researchers to effectively use pressure sensors for smart insole design and gait analysis.
Spatio-temporal analysis of road traffic accidents in Tunisia

Focusing on hotspot mapping and comparing different mapping methods can help improve their practical value in the field by better predicting crash patterns. The use of a geographic information system (GIS) could prevent further damage. The aim of this research is to recommend the best GIS technique for accident investigation in different scenarios. In this review article, we introduce and discuss two basic GIS methods for simulating road accidents and offer some recommendations for effective road safety accident analysis tools. Based on the work examined, current issues and future research directions are determined. The purpose of this article is to determine the location and duration of road sections with high accident rates (black zones). A comparison is made between two approaches: one employs the average nearest neighbor to identify highway segments where motorized collisions are clustered, scattered, or random, the other employs kernel density estimation to identify black spots. Our study differs from others in that it examines the identification of potential hotspots and improves the ability to probe a specific lane through identification “hazardous probable lengths,” which aims to predict future traffic crashes. The detected and likely to be identified hotspots have different spatial and temporal characteristics. Different regional and temporal characteristics are present at the identified hotspots. It is clear that there are some geographic clusters of accidents. Most of the identified hotspots in the Northwest and Center-West regions are located along rural highways. In the Central-East region, both hot zones are broadly distributed to the Northeast and Southwest, particularly in NH1 and NH2, where much urban activity occurs. Spatial autocorrelation indices per region address the variability within the areas and provide us with important insights that can feed into Tunisian safety regulations.
Detection of the C-terminal Propeptide of Proaerolysin by Aerolysin Nanopore

Electrophysiological studies of the interaction of polymers with bacterial pores provide a stratagem for single molecule detection. Aerolysin (AeL) nanopore is a promising emerging bacterial nanopore that has been extensively used for single nucleotide discrimination of very short oligonucleotides (<10 nt) with labeling. Due to its narrow constriction which is approximate 1.4 nm and highly charged pore lumen, AeL nanopore exhibits a high sensitivity in short peptide and DNA detection. Before forming the bacterial nanopore, aerolysin monomer was usually conversed from proaerolysin by activated with trypsin. The C-terminal peptide (CTP) part of proaerolysin was cleavage and the remaining part is defined as the aerolysin monomer. The CTP peptide is not uniformly charged with electrostatic distribution as positive-negative-neutral in neutral buffer solution. Here we investigated the structure of CTP during translocation through aerolysin nanopore under applied potential. The result based on characteristic blockages showed that the capture and translocation of the peptides are governed by the charged residues in the pore lumen and the potential applied.
First-exit times for increasing compound processes

For a process that increases linearly, with unit slope, between jumps of i.i. d. positive sizes occurring at renewal times, we present methods to compute the distribution of the first time a prespecified level is reached or exceeded, and of the position at this time. In the exponential case the Laplace transform of this first-exit time is derived in closed form. A general formula for the distribution of the stopping time is given, and shown to yield explicit results in certain cases. An effective method of successive approximation is also derived. The problem is equivalent to that of determining the distribution of the total ON time in [0, t] of a system changing between the states ON and OFF at the points of an alternating renewal process.
How Do I Love Thee? A Latent Mixture Model Analysis of College Dating Relationships

How Do I Love Thee? A Latent Mixture Model Analysis of College Dating Relationships Aeriel Grace Halstead Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University Doctor of Philosophy Relationship researchers often assume that satisfying relationships are healthy, but is this true? We examined whether different types of college dating relationships exist if we analyze elements of relationship health that included not only global relationship satisfaction, but patterns of communication, intimate partner violence, and positive and negative appraisals of one’s partner. To do this, we used latent mixture modeling in a large sample of students in committed relationships (N = 1935). Three distinct types of committed relationships emerged: unhealthy and unsatisfying (N=477), healthy and satisfying (N=703), and a group we termed healthy and satisfying but unimpressed with their partner (N=755). To understand factors associated with being in these empirically derived groups, we used a combination of bootstrap sampling and automatic variable selection. Variables related with unhealthy and unsatisfying relationships included higher levels of anxious and avoidant attachment, sanctification, neuroticism and relationship length; and lower levels of dedication and sexual satisfaction. Variables related with healthy and satisfying relationships included higher levels of sexual satisfaction and lower levels of neuroticism and relationship length. Variables related with healthy and satisfied but unimpressed with their partner included lower levels of sanctification and nonexclusive relationships. These findings can aid in the conceptualization of why people stay in poor, unsatisfying relationships; what variables are related to healthy, satisfying relationships; and the difference in variables that lend to partner ambivalence in otherwise satisfying relationships.
Vortices with antiferromagnetic cores in the SO(5) model of high-temperature superconductivity

We consider the problem of superconducting Ginzburg-Landau (GL) vortices with antiferromagnetic cores which arise in Zhang's SO(5) model of antiferromagnetism (AF) and high-temperature superconductivity (SC). This problem was previously considered by Arovas et al. who constructed approximate ``variational'' solutions, in the large $\ensuremath{\kappa}$ limit, to estimate the domain of stability of such vortices in the temperature-chemical potential phase diagram. By solving the GL equations numerically for general $\ensuremath{\kappa},$ we show that the amplitude of the antiferromagnetic component at the vortex core decreases to zero continuously at a critical value of the AF-SC anisotropy $(g\ensuremath{\approx}0.25)$ which is essentially independent of $\ensuremath{\kappa}$ for large $\ensuremath{\kappa}. $ The magnetic field profile, the vortex line energy and the value of the B field at the center of the vortex core, as functions of anisotropy are also presented.
From Band Insulator to Mott Insulator in One Dimension

We derive the phase diagram for the one-dimensional model of a ferroelectric perovskite recently analyzed by Egami, Ishihara, and Tachiki [Science 261, 1307 (1993)]. We show that the interplay between covalency, ionicity, and strong correlations results in a spontaneously dimerized phase which separates the weak-coupling band insulator from the strong-coupling Mott insulator. The transition from the band insulator to the dimerized phase is identified as an Ising critical point. The charge gap vanishes at this single point with the optical conductivity diverging as $\ensuremath{\sigma}(\ensuremath{\omega})\ensuremath{\sim}{\ensuremath{\omega}}^{\ensuremath{-}3/4}$. The spin excitations are gapless above the second transition to the Mott insulator phase.
Theory of superradiant scattering of laser light from bose-einstein condensates

In a recent MIT experiment, a new form of superradiant Rayleigh scattering was observed in Bose-Einstein condensates. We present a detailed theory of this phenomena in which the directional dependence of the scattering rate and condensate depletion lead to mode competition which is ultimately responsible for superradiance. The nonlinear response of the system is highly sensitive to initial quantum fluctuations which cause large run to run variations in the observed superradiant pulses.
Scaling of the Quasiparticle Spectrum for d-wave Superconductors

In finite magnetic field H, the excitation spectrum of the low energy quasiparticles in a two-dimensional d-wave superconductor exhibits a scaling with respect to H{sup 1/2}. This property can be used to calculate scaling relations for various physical quantities at low temperature T, such as the finite magnetic field specific heat, quasiparticle magnetic susceptibility, optical conductivity tensor, and thermal conductivity tensor. These predictions are compatible with existing experimental data. Most notably, the measured thermal Hall coefficient {kappa}{sub xy} in YBCO is found to scale as {kappa}{sub xy}{approximately}T{sup 2}F({alpha}T/ H{sup 1/2}) for T{approx_lt}30K in agreement with our predictions. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
Study of surface magnetism, exchange bias effect, and enhanced ferromagnetism in α-Fe1.4Ti0.6O3 alloy

Magnetic properties of mechanical alloyed α-Fe1.4Ti0. 6O3 were studied at broad scale of temperatures, starting from room temperature down to 5 K. Morin transition of the base compound α-Fe2O3 was not observed after Ti doping. Enhanced ferromagnetism and exchange bias effect were exhibited in the alloyed compound α-Fe1.4Ti0. 6O3. The observations were examined from different aspects of the alloying process, e.g., magnetic solution (spin ordering) at the interfaces of rhombohedral planes and core-shell structure of the nano-grains. Interfacial magnetic modifications were seen to be affected by the factors associated with grain size variation during alloy formation and thermal annealing of the alloy. Detailed analyses were made to understand the surface magnetism and exchange bias effect in the samples. Magnetic features of the present samples in many cases were found to be unconventional in comparison with the simple grain size effect of magnetic particles.
Structural Investigation of Therapeutic Antibodies Using Hydroxyl Radical Protein Footprinting Methods

Commercial monoclonal antibodies are growing and important components of modern therapies against a multitude of human diseases. Well-known high-resolution structural methods such as protein crystallography are often used to characterize antibody structures and to determine paratope and/or epitope binding regions in order to refine antibody design. However, many standard structural techniques require specialized sample preparation that may perturb antibody structure or require high concentrations or other conditions that are far from the conditions conducive to the accurate determination of antigen binding or kinetics. We describe here in this minireview the relatively new method of hydroxyl radical protein footprinting, a solution-state method that can provide structural and kinetic information on antibodies or antibody–antigen interactions useful for therapeutic antibody design. We provide a brief history of hydroxyl radical footprinting, examples of current implementations, and recent advances in throughput and accessibility.
Multibrane inflation and dynamical flattening of the inflaton potential

We investigate the problem of fine tuning of the potential in the KKLMMT warped flux compactification scenario for brane-antibrane inflation in Type IIB string theory. We argue for the importance of an additional parameter psi_0 (approximated as zero by KKLMMT), namely the position of the antibrane, relative to the equilibrium position of the brane in the absence of the antibrane. We show that for a range of values of a particular combination of the Kahler modulus, warp factor, and psi_0, the inflaton potential can be sufficiently flat. We point out a novel mechanism for dynamically achieving flatness within this part of parameter space: the presence of multiple mobile branes can lead to a potential which initially has a metastable local minimum, but gradually becomes flat as some of the branes tunnel out. Eventually the local minimum disappears and the remaining branes slowly roll together, with assisted inflation further enhancing the effective flatness of the potential. With the addition of Kahler and superpotential corrections, this mechanism can completely remove the fine tuning problem of brane inflation, within large regions of parameter space. The model can be falsified if future cosmic microwave background observations confirm the hint of a large running spectral index.
CMOS Platform for Everyday Applications Using Submillimeter Electromagnetic Waves

Complementary Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuits (IC’s) technology is emerging as a means for realization of capable and affordable systems that operate at frequencies near 300 GHz and higher. This is lowering a key barrier for utilizing the submillimeter electromagnetic waves in everyday applications. Despite the fact that the unity maximum available gain frequency, f max of $N$ -channel MOS (nMOS) transistors (with connections to the top metal layer) has peaked at ~320 GHz, signal generation up to 1.33 THz, coherent detection up to 1.2 THz, and incoherent detection up to ~10 THz have been demonstrated using CMOS IC’s. Furthermore, highly integrated rotational spectroscopy transceivers operating at frequencies up to near 300 GHz, and 400-GHz concurrent transceiver pixels and arrays for high-resolution radar imaging, and 300 and 390-GHz transmitters, and 300-GHz receivers for high data-rate communication have been demonstrated in CMOS. The performances of these CMOS circuits are sufficient or close to being sufficient to support electronic smelling using rotational spectroscopy that can detect and quantify concentrations of a wide variety of gases; imaging that can enable operation in a wide range of visually impaired conditions; and high-bandwidth communication. Finally, techniques for affordable packaging and testing submillimeter-wave systems are suggested based on experimental demonstrations.
J-band Red Giant Branch Tip Magnitudes for the Distance Indicator

The tip of the red giant branch is one of the widely used distance measurement methods for the relatively nearby galaxies where the bright individual stars are resolved. Most of the earlier works have used the Photometry in the I-band such as HST ACS/WFC F814W or F850LP for the RGB tip method. Here we look into the RGB tip magnitudes in J-band such as HST WFC3/IR F110W and JWST NIRCam/WF F115W for a wide range of age and metallicity. We find that the J-band (HST WFC3/IR F110W and JWST NIRCam/WF F115W) RGB tip magnitudes do not significantly change compared to that of the I-band (HST ACS/WFC F814W, F850LP) for a wide range of metallicity at given age. Moreover, HST WFC3/IR F110W RGB tip magnitudes stay constant within 0.005 magnitudes for stellar populations with old ages (age > 5 Gyr) at given metallicity.