Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Level of Physical Activity and Quality of Life of Healthcare Workers in A Tertiary Health Institution in Southwestern Nigeria

Background: Healthcare workers are physically and mentally burdened due to frequent work shifts rotation, demanding tasks, together with family-related issues which limit their participation in planned physical activity program. Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate healthcare workers’ levels of Physical activity and their Quality of Life. Methods: 62 healthcare workers from Federal Medical Center, Owo, Nigeria participated in this study. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institution’s Health Research Ethics Committee before the commencement of the study. Data was Obtained using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the WHOQoL-BREF. Analysis was done using descriptive statistics of percentages and frequency while inferential statistics Chi square test and Mann Whiteney U test was used for the test of significance. Alpha level was set at 0.05. Results: High prevalence (51.5%) of low level of physical activity was observed among health care workers. There was no significant difference between age (X2 =0.404, p>0.05); gender (X2= 0.554, p>0.05); work category (X2=0.841, p>0.05) BMI (X2= 0.632, p>0.05) and the three categories of physical activity. A significant difference was observed in the overall QoL between male and female respondents (U= 249.500, p=0.002). Similarly, there was a significant difference in Overall QoL between workers in clinical department and workers in administration department (U=260.000, p=0.002). Conclusion: There is high prevalence of low level of physical activity among health workers. The increase clinical workload among health workers probably contributed to low level of physical activity and QoL among health workers in core clinical departments.
The effects of fishing on non-target species and ecosystem structure and function.

Marine fisheries landings increased through most of the 1900s, at the same time as their composition has shifted from larger, fish-eating species towards smaller, plankton-eating fishes. Fishing can affect the composition of the fauna by changing the relative abundance and size distribution of target and by-catch species, by affecting the habitat or by providing discards to scavenging populations such as seabirds. This can lead to changes in species interactions that can affect other parts of the ecosystem. In some cases, fisheries-generated reductions in populations of important forage fish has been reported to affect the growth, abundance and distribution of populations of fish, seabirds and marine mammals that depend on these species for food. Other studies have shown that fisheries-generated habitat changes have had knock-on effects on the local fauna. However, most of the cases where changes in species interactions have been linked to fishing come from relatively simple ecosystems, where a major part of the energy has to pass one or a few species positioned at an intermediate level in the food web. In the more complex systems, the effects of fishing are difficult to separate from natural changes in species abundance due to environmental changes in, for example, temperature and currents, or from man-made changes, such as increases in nutrients. For most of these systems, it is therefore unknown how fishing affects their overall structure and function. Although attempts have been made to develop overall indicators of the impact of fishing on marine food webs, the performance of these indicators has not yet been sufficiently studied to allow them to be used in fisheries management.
Advances in the Development of Nano-Engineered Mechanically Robust Hydrogels for Minimally Invasive Treatment of Bone Defects

Injectable hydrogels were discovered as attractive materials for bone tissue engineering applications given their outstanding biocompatibility, high water content, and versatile fabrication platforms into materials with different physiochemical properties. However, traditional hydrogels suffer from weak mechanical strength, limiting their use in heavy load-bearing areas. Thus, the fabrication of mechanically robust injectable hydrogels that are suitable for load-bearing environments is of great interest. Successful material design for bone tissue engineering requires an understanding of the composition and structure of the material chosen, as well as the appropriate selection of biomimetic natural or synthetic materials. This review focuses on recent advancements in materials–design considerations and approaches to prepare mechanically robust injectable hydrogels for bone tissue engineering applications. We outline the materials–design approaches through a selection of materials and fabrication methods. Finally, we discuss unmet needs and current challenges in the development of ideal materials for bone tissue regeneration and highlight emerging strategies in the field.
Ductile Deformation in Hellas Floor: Salt Diapirs or Crustal Domes?

Introduction: Periodic concentric features named “honeycomb terrains” are observed in the NorthWestern part of Hellas (Fig. 1). These terrains cover the lowest part of the Hellas basin at elevations of –7 to –5 km, thus also the lowest points on Mars. Each “honeycomb cell” is about 5 to 10 km large. At MOC scale these features shows lot of deformed materials. Some authors speculate about possible ice blocks and soft muddy deformation to explain the formation of these concentric features [1]. In this study we show that the structural analysis of MOC images favors a ductile formation by doming inside a soft medium. Structural patterns typical of ductile shear zones are also observed. We discuss if this doming better correspond to salt diapirs or lower crustal tectonism. We propose that these features could correspond to ductile deformations similar to those observed on outcrops of the lower crust of the Archean period on Earth.
Heterogeneous off-target impact of ion-channel deletion on intrinsic properties of hippocampal model neurons that self-regulate calcium

How do neurons that implement cell-autonomous self-regulation of calcium react to knockout of individual ion-channel conductances? To address this question, we used a heterogeneous population of 78 conductance-based models of hippocampal pyramidal neurons that maintained cell-autonomous calcium homeostasis while receiving theta-frequency inputs. At calcium steady-state, we individually deleted each of the 11 active ion-channel conductances from each model. We measured the acute impact of deleting each conductance (one at a time) by comparing intrinsic electrophysiological properties before and immediately after channel deletion. The acute impact of deleting individual conductances on physiological properties (including calcium homeostasis) was heterogeneous, depending on the property, the specific model, and the deleted channel. The underlying many-to-many mapping between ion channels and properties pointed to ion-channel degeneracy. Next, we allowed the other conductances (barring the deleted conductance) to evolve towards achieving calcium homeostasis during theta-frequency activity. When calcium homeostasis was perturbed by ion-channel deletion, post-knockout plasticity in other conductances ensured resilience of calcium homeostasis to ion-channel deletion. These results demonstrate degeneracy in calcium homeostasis, as calcium homeostasis in knockout models was implemented in the absence of a channel that was earlier involved in the homeostatic process. Importantly, in reacquiring homeostasis, ion-channel conductances and physiological properties underwent heterogenous plasticity (dependent on the model, the property, and the deleted channel), even introducing changes in properties that were not directly connected to the deleted channel. Together, post-knockout plasticity geared towards maintaining homeostasis introduced heterogenous off-target effects on several channels and properties, suggesting that extreme caution be exercised in interpreting experimental outcomes involving channel knockouts.
Health Impacts of PM10 Using AirQ2.2.3 Model in Makkah

The core aim of this paper is to investigate the health impacts of atmospheric particles with aerodynamic diameter of 10 micron or less (PM10) in Makkah. PM10 data were collected by automatic continuous monitoring station in Misfalah, Makkah City. The annual average PM10 concentration during the study period was 195 � g/m 3
GaN-Based Threshold Switching Behaviors at High Temperatures Enabled by Interface Engineering for Harsh Environment Memory Applications

We demonstrate threshold switching behaviors with working temperatures up to 500 °C based on GaN vertical p-n diodes, and these devices survived a passive test in a simulated Venus environment (460 °C, 94 bar, CO2 gas flow) for ten days. This is realized via interface engineering through an etch-then-regrow process combination with a Ga2O3 interlayer. It is hypothesized the traps in the interfacial layer can form/rupture a conductive path by trapping/detrapping electrons/holes, which are responsible for the observed threshold switching behaviors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of two-terminal threshold-switching memory devices under such high temperatures. These results can serve as a critical reference for the future development of GaN-based memory devices for harsh environment applications.
Acoustic ecology of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) between two U.S. offshore wind energy areas

Offshore wind energy is set to develop rapidly in waters off the east coast of the United States. There is considerable overlap between areas proposed for offshore wind development and harbour porpoise habitats in the Gulf of Maine (GOM) and Southern New England waters. Baseline data on the occurrence and foraging activity of porpoises was collected using 10 echolocation-click detectors (F-PODs) from 2020 to 2022. Porpoises were present year-round in the GOM with peak detections in the summer and fall. In line with previous reported distribution patterns, porpoise occurrence in Southern New England was high in fall, winter and spring, but porpoises were largely absent in the summer. One site in the GOM, Mount Desert Rock (MDR), was an anomaly as porpoise detections here were highest in the winter. On average, foraging was identified in 29% of all porpoise detections, with the most foraging occurring at MDR (53%). Results from generalized additive models suggest that time of year, hour of day, lunar illumination, and temperature are significant contributors to porpoise presence and/or foraging effort. European studies show that harbour porpoises exhibit behavioural changes, disruption of foraging and displacement due to wind energy development. Therefore, early identification of areas of importance, mitigating impacts, and monitoring changes is essential for the protection of this species in US waters.
Padua Score and Coagulopathy Parameters on Survival of COVID-19 Patients at Prof Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital Manado

BACKGROUND: Coagulopathy in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients causes a prothrombotic state that increases the risk of thromboembolism. The Padua score and coagulopathy parameter including D-dimer values, fibrinogen, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and platelet counts are very important parameters to determine risk of thrombosis and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. AIM: This study aimed to assess the prognosis of COVID-19 patients with Padua score and coagulopathy parameters. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in tertiary university hospital, Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado, Indonesia from October 2020 to July 2021. Patients admitted with final diagnosis of COVID-19 confirmed with positive reverse transcriptase-polymer chain reaction test were included in the study. The data were refined by excluding the patients under 18 years old and the patients with no blood test results, D-dimer values, fibrinogen values, PT values, aPTT values, and platelet counts. The association of Padua score and coagulopathy parameters with survival of COVID-19 patients was analyzed by multivariate cox regression and Kaplan–Meier analysis. RESULTS: The probability of survival on day 14 in patients with Padua score <4, D-dimer <0.5 mg/dl, PT ≤16 s, aPTT ≤39 s, and platelets >150,000/μL was 100%, 100%, 84.6%, 81.5%, and 81.4%, respectively. COVID-19 survival was influenced by Padua score ≥4 (heart rate [HR] = 4.199; CI 95% 2.221–7.936), D-dimer ≥0.5 mg/L (HR = 4.772; CI 95% 2.244–10.147), PT >16 s (HR = 2.124; CI 95% 1.608–2.805), aPTT >39 s (HR = 1.449; CI 95% 1.080–1.943), and platelet count <150000/μL (HR = 2.056; CI 95% 1.489–2.840). Padua score has the highest probability of mortality compared to the other coagulopathy parameters (p < 0.001; HR = 3.655; CI 95% 1.927–6.932). CONCLUSION: There was an association of Padua score, D-dimer value, PT value, aPTT value, and platelet count on survival of COVID-19 patients. Padua score being the most influential variable on survivals.
An experimental model of surface reflection in the underwater anechoic basin at KRISO

The behavior of propagating waves in the ocean is highly dependent on the surface geometry of the ocean as well as the spatial distributions of temperature, pressure, and salinity in the media. Waves are refracted due to the spatial variation of the media properties, reflected by free surfaces and bottoms, and scattered by small floating particles. These phenomena make it difficult to identify original signals during acoustic measurements. Among them reflection has the most significant effect on signal distortion by building up multi-paths between transmitters and receivers. In this research, a surface reflection model is investigated by an experimental approach. The experiments were performed in the underwater anechoic basin at KRISO/KORDI. It is found that a reflected wave is composed of three parts: negative and positive peaks and a ringing component. Among them the negative peak plays a dominant role in the surface reflection.
Intelectual Capital, Green Accounting, And Company Performance With The Manufacturing Company

This study aims to determine the application of Intelectual Capital green accounting, and company performance with the Manufacturing Company . This research uses quantitative research. The population in this study are mining companies listed on the Manufacturing Company for 2021-2023. The sampling technique used in this study used purposive sampling . The number of companies sampled in this study were 40 companies. The type of data used is secondary data, namely in the form of financial reports and annual reports obtained through the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the official websites of related companies. The dependent variable used in this study is Company Performance. Meanwhile, the independent variables use intelectual capital and green accounting. The data analysis method used is panel data regression analysis with the help of the SPSS application program. The results of this study indicate that intelectual Capital and green accounting have a positive and significant effect on company performance.
Efficacy of prognostic nutrition index in combination with D-dimer in predicting postoperative clinical adverse events after acute type A aortic dissection: a single center retrospective study

Background The aim of this study was to identify the predictive factors for adverse clinical events after surgery in patients with acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD), and to explore the predictive value of preoperative prognostic nutritional index (PNI) combined with D-dimer for these events. Methods This study was a retrospective analysis of clinical data of 153 patients with AAAD who underwent emergency surgery at our center from January 2019 to January 2022. Patients were divided into adverse event group and non-adverse event group based on whether they experienced adverse clinical events after surgery. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for adverse events, and the predictive efficacy was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC). Results A total of 153 AAAD patients were included in the study, and were divided into the adverse event group (n = 46) and the non-adverse events group (n = 107) based on whether or not they experienced clinical adverse events after surgery. The optimal cutoff value was determined using ROC curves, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. Ultimately, it was found that preoperative PNI < 42.45 and D-dimer > 15.05 were independent predictors of postoperative clinical adverse events in AAAD patients. The odd ratios (OR) value for preoperative PNI < 42.45 is 3.596 [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.508–8.923, p = 0.004], while the OR value for D-dimer > 15.05 is 7.572 [95% CI: 3.094–20.220, p < 0.001]. The combination of these two indicators has a high predictive value (AUC = 0.843, 95% CI: 0.774–0.912, p < 0.001) and is superior to using either variable alone. Conclusion Preoperative PNI < 42.45 and D-dimer > 15.05 are independent predictive factors for postoperative adverse events during hospitalization in patients with AAAD. The combination of these two indicators can improve the predictive accuracy, which is superior to using either variable alone.
Relationship between Physicochemical, Techno-Functional and Health-Promoting Properties of Fiber-Rich Fruit and Vegetable By-Products and Their Enhancement by Emerging Technologies

The preparation and processing of fruits and vegetables produce high amounts of underutilized fractions, such as pomace and peel, which present a risk to the environment but constitute a valuable source of dietary fiber (DF) and bioactive compounds. The utilization of these fiber-rich products as functional food ingredients demands the application of treatments to improve their techno-functional properties, such as oil and water binding, and health-related properties, such as fermentability, adsorption, and retardation capacities of glucose, cholesterol, and bile acids. The enhancement of health-promoting properties is strongly connected with certain structural and techno-functional characteristics, such as the soluble DF content, presence of hydrophobic groups, and viscosity. Novel physical, environmentally friendly technologies, such as ultrasound (US), high-pressure processing (HPP), extrusion, and microwave, have been found to have higher potential than chemical and comminution techniques in causing desirable structural alterations of the DF network that lead to the improvement of techno-functionality and health promotion. The application of enzymes was related to higher soluble DF content, which might be associated with improved DF properties. Combined physical and enzymatic treatments can aid solubilization and modifications, but their benefit needs to be evaluated for each DF source and the desired outcome.
Potential role of mantle‐derived fluids in weakening the San Andreas Fault

[1] On the basis of both geomechanical and thermal data, the San Andreas Fault (SAF) has been interpreted to act as a weak plane within much stronger crust, allowing it to slip at very low shear stresses. One explanation for this weakness is that large fluid overpressures exist locally within the fault zone. However, mechanisms for generating, maintaining, and localizing pressures within the fault are poorly quantified. Here we evaluate whether realistic sources of mantle-derived fluids, proposed on the basis of high mantle helium signatures near the SAF, can generate localized fluid pressures within the fault zone in a manner consistent with a wide range of observations along the fault and in the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth borehole. We first calculate a reasonable estimate of the magnitude and location of a mantle-derived flux of water into the crust. This fluid flux results from dehydration of a serpentinized mantle wedge following the northward migration of the Mendocino Triple Junction and the transition from subduction to strike-slip tectonics. We then evaluate the potential effect of this water on fluid pressures within the crust using 2-D cross-sectional models of coupled fluid flow and heat transport. We show that in models with realistic permeability anisotropy, controlled by NE dipping faults and fractures within the country rock, large localized fluid pressures can be focused within a SAF acting as a hydrologic barrier. Our results illustrate a simple and potentially plausible means of weakening the SAF in a manner generally consistent with available hydrologic, thermal, and mechanical constraints.
STREAM‐CHANNEL INCISION FOLLOWING DRAINAGE‐BASIN URBANIZATION

ABSTRACT: Urbanization of a drainage basin results in pervasive hydrologic changes that in turn initiate long-term changes in stream channels. Increases in peak discharges and in durations of high flows result in either quasi-equilibrium channel expansion, where cross-section area increases in near-proportion to the discharge increase, or catastrophic channel incision, where changes occur far out of proportion to the discharge increases that initiated them. Field data and hydrologic modeling of rapidly urbanizing basins in King County, Washington, define conditions of flow, topography, geology, and channel roughness that identify streams susceptible to incision. Channel slope and geologic material are particularly critical; thus simple map overlays, nearly irrespective of contributing drainage area, provide a valuable planning tool for identification of susceptible terrain. Where such conditions exist, basal shear stress provides a quantifiable parameter for predicting likely problems, although knickpoints are typical in such settings and confound simple calculation of sediment-transport rates. Where urbanization proceeds in such areas, effective mitigation of the incision hazards requires a degree of stormwater control far in excess of standards typically applied to present development activity.
Three‐dimensional density model of the Nazca plate and the Andean continental margin

[1] We forward modeled the Bouguer anomaly in a region encompassing the Pacific Ocean (85°W) and the Andean margin (60°W) between northern Peru (5°S) and Patagonia (45°S). The three-dimensional density model that reproduces the gravity field is a continental-scale representation of density structure to 410 km depth that characterizes the mantle and crust of the oceanic Nazca plate, subducted slab and continental margin with a minimum number of bodies. We predefined the density of each body after studying the dependency of density on composition of crustal and mantle materials and pressure-temperature conditions appropriate for the Andean setting. A database of independent geophysical information constrains the geometry of the top of the subducted slab, locally the Moho of the oceanic and continental crusts and, indirectly, the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary underneath the continental plate. Other boundaries, notably the intracrustal density discontinuity separating upper from lower crust below the continent, were not constrained and their geometry is the result of fitting the observed and calculated Bouguer anomaly during forward modeling. This contribution presents the model to the Andean geoscientific community and contains some tools, like a sensitivity analysis, that helps potential users of the model to interpret its results. We describe and discuss some of these results in order to illustrate the application of the model to the study of a wide range of phenomena (e.g., modification of oceanic plate structure by hot spots, shape of the subducted slab, thermal structure of the continental lithosphere, compensation mechanism and formation of orogenic relieve, causes of Andean segmentation).