Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of a 12-week workplace interview intervention on physical activity and low back pain: a single-center, randomized controlled study

Background Physical activity (PA) is essential in the management and rehabilitation of low back pain (LBP). However, it is not clear if workplace PA interventions can improve LBP. This study aimed to investigate the effects of workplace interview intervention on increasing PA and improving LBP among office workers. Methods We recruited 37 workers of a manufacturing company in Aichi, Japan. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n=20) or control group (n=17). We affixed waist-worn accelerometers to monitor PA in all participants, and provided face-to-face counseling with a physical therapist or nurse once a week for 12 weeks as workplace PA program to reassurance and encourage participants to keep high levels of PA. PA and LBP severity were assessed at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Results Baseline characteristics were similar in both groups, but PA was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group at 3 and 6 months. In the intervention group, was PA significantly increased at 3 and 6 months from baseline and LBP severity improved significantly at 6 months from baseline. We calculated the effect size of the interview intervention, and found that workplace interview intervention had a medium to large effect on PA and LBP severity. Conclusions Our data suggests that workplace PA intervention can increase PA and improve LBP among office workers. Trial registration UMIN-CTR Clinical Trial UMIN000038864 (https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi? recptno=R000044321). Registered 12 December 2019, retrospectively registered.
Monitoring the effectiveness of UK field impairment tests

The Field Impairment Test (FIT) is used by UK police officers at the roadside. It aids the officer in the decision to arrest a driver stopped because of observed impairment of driving, and who, during the interaction with the officer, raised suspicion that drug use may be the cause. Under these conditions, the driver may be asked to perform the test, and if performance is unsatisfactory the officer may decide to arrest a driver on suspicion of driving while unfit through drugs. After such an arrest, enforcement procedures require the driver to be brought into a police station to be seen by a Forensic Medical Examiner (FME). If the FME certifies that the driver's condition may be due to drink or drugs, a biological sample is obtained from the driver for drug analysis. This study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of FIT. The contribution of each component of FIT to the correct identification of drivers impaired by drugs was also assessed, and additionally, the nature and extent of drug use in this group of drivers was recorded.
SNPs in Apolipoproteins Contribute to Sex-Dependent Differences in Blood Lipids Before and After A Dietary Challenge in Healthy U.S. Adults

Background The effect of genetic polymorphisms on fasting blood lipid levels have been widely studied but the effects of these within the context of a meal challenge remain less characterized. The current study aimed to investigate the association of SNPs in lipoprotein-related genes with blood lipid levels in healthy adults in the U.S. Methods Men and women (n = 393) between 18-66 years of age with BMIs ranging from 18.5-45 kg/m 2 completed the cross-sectional Nutritional Phenotyping Study. Among them, 349 subjects (men = 167, 48%; women = 182, 52%) gave consent for genotyping. SNPs in APOA5 , APOB , APOC3 , APOE , and LDLR were assessed. Results Reduced blood HDL-cholesterol levels were associated with the C allele of the APOA5 SNP (rs3135506) in women and the C allele of the APOE SNP (rs429358) in men in both fasting and postprandial states. The C allele of the APOE SNP was also correlated with increased LDL-C levels. The APOC3 rs2854116 TT genotype was associated with elevated total cholesterol in both sexes. Nevertheless, these SNPs had little impact on the postprandial triglyceride responses to the high-fat challenge meal. Additionally, no significant effects of SNPs in APOB (rs1042034) and LDLR (rs2228671) on triglycerides, cholesterol, or non-esterified free fatty acids levels were found. Conclusions Cholesterol levels are strongly correlated with genotypes of the tested SNPs in APOA5 and APOE in a sex-dependent manner during fasting and postprandial states of healthy adults. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02367287. Registered February 20, 2015, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02367287.
Three input concepts for flight crew interaction with information presented on a large-screen electronic cockpit display

A piloted simulation study was conducted comparing three different input methods for interfacing to a large-screen, multiwindow, whole-flight-deck display for management of transport aircraft systems. The thumball concept utilized a miniature trackball embedded in a conventional side-arm controller. The touch screen concept provided data entry through a capacitive touch screen. The voice concept utilized a speech recognition system with input through a head-worn microphone. No single input concept emerged as the most desirable method of interacting with the display. Subjective results, however, indicate that the voice concept was the most preferred method of data entry and had the most potential for future applications. The objective results indicate that, overall, the touch screen concept was the most effective input method. There was also significant differences between the time required to perform specific tasks and the input concept employed, with each concept providing better performance relative to a specific task. These results suggest that a system combining all three input concepts might provide the most effective method of interaction.
Chinatown

Chinatown StoriesOld ChinatownChinatownAmerican ChinatownBehavioral Causes of Census Undercount, New York City's ChinatownNew York Before ChinatownChinatown Declared a Nuisance! Inside Los Angeles ChinatownTales of ChinatownChinatownSan Francisco's ChinatownOakland, Chinatown Redevelopment ProjectThe Last American AristocratSan Francisco ChinatownMister Jiu's in ChinatownHome Health in ChinatownThe Big GoodbyeChinatown, EuropeTales of ChinatownNew York's ChinatownChinatown PrettyA Sheltered CrisisThe Paper Daughters of ChinatownThe Linguistic Landscape of ChinatownMambo in ChinatownChinatown No MoreThe Children of ChinatownHow to Live Safely in a Science Fictional UniverseReconstructing ChinatownThird Street Light Rail Project, Transportation Improvements, San FranciscoMy ChinatownChinatownPictures of Old ChinatownGod in ChinatownInterior ChinatownChinatown BalladsBeyond ChinatownThe Lady of the Lily Feet and Other Stories of ChinatownChinatownChinatown
Development of a Low-Cost, Low-Weight Flight Control System for an Electrically Powered Model Helicopter

This project started a new research area in rotary-wing flight control in the Computer and Control group at the University of Stellenbosch. Initial attempts to build a quad-rotor vehicle exposed difficulties which motivated changing to a standard model helicopter as a test vehicle. A JR Voyager E electrically powered model helicopter was instrumented with low-cost, low-weight sensors and a data communication RF link. The total cost of the sensor, communication and microcontroller hardware used is approximately US$ 1000 and the added onboard hardware weighs less than 0.4 kg. The sensors used to control the helicopter include a non-differential u-Blox GPS receiver, Analog Devices ADXRS150 rate gyroscopes, Analog Devices ADXL202 accelerometers, a Polaroid ultrasonic range sensor and a Honeywell HMC2003 magnetometer. Successful yaw, height and longitudinal position control was demonstrated. Significant further work is proposed, based on the literature study performed and the insights and achievements of the first rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicle project in the group. ii Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za
Determinants of Wheat Crop Production Row Planting Technology Adoption in Duna Woreda, Hadiya Zone, Ethiopia

The study was conducted in Duna district, Hadiya Zone, South National Regional State (SNRS). Four wheat producing kebeles among the 23 wheat producing kebeles were selected and a total of 187 selected households were interviewed to generate primary data. Descriptive statistics and binary logit were employed to determine factors that influence the adoption behavior row planting wheat crop production technology of farmers. A sum of ten independent variables for the binary logit model was used, out of which seven variables were found to significantly influence the adoption of row planting of wheat crop production technology. These are: age of the household head, education of household head, family size of household head, size of cultivated land, livestock holding, and use of credit and extension services. The study recommends that any effort in promoting row planting wheat crop production technology should consider the social, economic, institutional and psychological characteristics for better adoption of row planting wheat crop production technology. identifies the main determinants of adoption of improved wheat technologies at farm level. This study uses probit regression model to estimate factors affecting adoption of improved wheat technologies. The result that identified were: age, education, farm experience, off-farm activities, access to credit, extension contact, wheat seed varieties with recommended planting space and livestock holding were significant to affect adoption of improved wheat technologies.
A Comparison of Random Forest and Decision Tree for Suicide Ideation Classification

Background: Suicide resulted from complex interaction factors. Most classical statistical methods were not efficiently enough to cover this complexity. With the new branch of statistics as statistical/machine learning, complex relationships between risk factors and responses can be modeled. Methods: We aimed to identify the high-risk groups for suicide using different classification methods including logistic regression(LR), decision tree(DT), and random forest(RF). Also, the prediction accuracy of the models is compared. This study used data obtained from a cross-sectional study conducted in in the Hamadan University of Medical Sciences from 2015-2016 to investigate the prevalence of suicidal ideation and related risk factors among university students. The LR, DT, and RF models were used to evaluate the high-risk group for suicide. Finally, the applied all three models were compared using sensitivity(SE), specificity(SP), and the area under receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves. Results: In the training sample, the area under the ROC curve of the DT was greater than the LR and RF. But in the validation sample, the RF model has the best performance and the DT has the worst performance among these methods.Discussion: In this study, the risk factors for suicide were different for men and women. According to the results of the DT, substance abuse, average, general health score, faculty of education, depression were the risk factors on suicidal ideation in both genders. But despair about the future, residence (parents' house/dormitory) were among the factors contributing to the suicidal ideation of men. On the other hand, parents’ education, interested in the discipline and anxiety influence factors on suicidal ideation in women. The results of RF indicated that depression, general health score, average, anxiety and substance abuse were important risk factors for suicidal ideation in both genders. Also, the faculty of education and age are risk factors for suicide in women. Conclusions: In the training sample, the DT had better performance but in the validation sample, the RF model provided better results. The LR was the best model for diagnosis of the patient and the DT and RF are considered the best models to diagnosis a healthy individual.
Establishing solder interconnects in capillary die-to-substrate self-assembly

In this work, we seamlessly include the establishment of multiple lead-free solder interconnects as an integral part of capillary die self-assembly. We demonstrate the mechanical and electrical functionality of electrodeposited indium bumps as interconnects between substrate binding sites and assembled dies. Our results open interesting perspectives for widespread use of the technique for 3D die integration.
Economic externalities of relative accident rates.

In 2005, the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) reported 2,448,017 deaths in the U.S., of these 43,510 happened in motor vehicle crashes (Fatality Analysis Reporting System, FARS). Every year, around 42,700 people are killed in motor vehicle crashes (Table 1.1), which occur in roughly 38,400 fatal crashes (Table 1.2). Several factors lead to the occurrence of fatal automobile crashes. These factors fall into three general classifications: the driver, the road, or the vehicle, and in some extreme cases, a combination of them. Mostly, the driver is the source in the form of behavior, driving error, or physical condition. Often it is assumed that driver behavior is shaped by age, sex, and marital status, among other characteristics. In recent years, there has been a broad variety of vehicle types, makes, and models to suit a diversity of needs. One prominent vehicle feature is vehicle body type, providing not only a trend in terms of sales but also some behavioral characteristics could be inferred from the buyer. In particular, one body vehicle type has emerged as highly popular among U.S. motorists, namely; the Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV). According with the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), SUV sales have grown from only 183,000 in 1980 to 4,515,000 in 2008 (Table 1.3)This dramatic SUV ownership has raised several safety issues over the years, including: regarding the, fleet incompatibility, SUVs safety, and rollover propensity, hazards associated with interaction with smaller vehicles, offsetting driver behavior, and gasoline mileage.
Development of systems and techniques for landing an aircraft using onboard television

A flight program was conducted to develop a landing technique with which a pilot could consistently and safely land a remotely piloted research vehicle (RPRV) without outside visual reference except through television. Otherwise, instrumentation was standard. Such factors as the selection of video parameters, the pilot's understanding of the television presentation, the pilot's ground cockpit environment, and the operational procedures for landing were considered. About 30 landings were necessary for a pilot to become sufficiently familiar and competent with the test aircraft to make powered approaches and landings with outside visual references only through television. When steep approaches and landings were made by remote control, the pilot's workload was extremely high. The test aircraft was used as a simulator for the F-15 RPRV, and as such was considered to be essential to the success of landing the F-15 RPRV.
Division of labor in anti-parasite defense strategies in ant colonies

Division of labor is a key characteristic of social insects and contributes to their ecological success. Especially in disease defense, the intra-colony partitioning of sanitary work can reduce disease transmission, keep nestmates available for other tasks and reduce costs associated with sanitary task performance (i.e. at the behavioral and physiological level). Factors internal and external to the individual affecting sanitary task allocation are not well known and most studies investigated genetic differences between workers performing behavioral sanitary work. In the first two studies I addressed whether individual experience (through repeated exposure to a sanitary hazard or performance of the task) can generate interindividual differences in the performance of behavioral sanitary tasks. Repeated parasite exposure is a common threat in colonies of social insects, posing selection pressures on colony members to respond with improved disease-defense performance. In the clonal ant Platythyrea punctata, I tested whether experience gained by repeated tending of low-level fungus-exposed (Metarhizium robertsii) larvae alters the performance of sanitary brood care. I found that ants trained both with sham- and fungus-treated larvae groomed the brood longer than naive ants. Increased grooming of fungus-treated larvae resulted in more effective fungal removal, thus making trained ants better caretakers under parasite attack of the colony. Decomposing cadavers pose a sanitary risk to social insect colonies, necessitating cadaver management. In the second study I investigated whether cadaver management (i.e. cadaver grooming and transports) is divided among workers and task allocation affected by recent individual experience or worker size in the polymorphic and polygynous ant Cataglyphis velox. Many individuals performed cadaver management infrequently and few individuals dominated task performance. Our results suggested low division of labor for cadaver grooming and transport and a reduced modulation of these behaviors by recurrent exposure to nestmate cadavers.
Cnoidal wave in a two-level medium: an alternative approach to nonlinear susceptibilities

We consider a cnoidal wave propagating in a two-level system, for which an exact analytic solution exists. Two effective components of the third-order nonlinearity χ(3) , describing Kerr effect and third harmonics generation, can be derived from it. Some discrepancy has been found with respect to the usual formalism of nonlinear susceptibilities. Numerical computation shows that the exact cnoidal wave solution the most accurately describes the nonlinear propagation of a quasi-monochromatic wave. Especially, the third harmonic resonance of the third-order nonlinearity, predicted by the formalism of nonlinear susceptibilities, is not observed.
A Sound Image Externalization Approach for Headphone Reproduction by Simulating Binaural Room Impulse Responses

In this paper, an improved sound image externalization approach is proposed by considering the es- sential differences between headphone listening and real- life listening to deal with the problem of in-head local- ization of sound images. Through simulating the virtual sound source in a given enclosure, the proposed external- ization approach renders sound images out-of-head by ex- ploiting a Binaural room impulse response (BRIR) simu- lation approach, which consists of a new hybrid approach for the acoustic Room impulse response (RIR) and the Head-related impulse responses (HRIRs). The hybrid RIR simulation approach comprises an improved image-source model for the early reflections by integrating the air ab- sorption, and a Feedback delay network (FDN) for the late reflections. Moreover, the HRIRs are further integrated into each sound image in the early reflections to imitate the effect of listener. Psychoacoustic test results demon- strated that the proposed externalization algorithm offered significant out-of-head perception and more natural quality of sound images.
On the Modeling of Electrical Effects Experienced by Space Explorers During Extra Vehicular Activities: Intracorporal Currents, Resistances, and Electric Fields

Recent research has shown that space explorers engaged in Extra Vehicular Activities (EVAs) may be exposed, under certain conditions, to undesired electrical currents. This work focuses on determining whether these undesired induced electrical currents could be responsible for involuntary neuromuscular activity in the subjects, possibly caused by either large diameter peripheral nerve activation or reflex activity from cutaneous afferent stimulation. An efficient multiresolution variant of the admittance method along with a millimeter-resolution model of a male human body were used to calculate induced electric fields, resistance between contact electrodes used to simulate the potential exposure condition, and currents induced in the human body model. Results show that, under realistic exposure conditions using a 15V source, current density magnitudes and total current injected are well above previously reported startle reaction thresholds. This indicates that, under the considered conditions, the subjects could experience involuntary motor response.
Improving the lifetime of Wireless Sensor Network through Energy Proficient AODV Protocol

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is an emerging technology, which enables new innovative trends and equipments to resolve the issues of current and future world. The WSN is a combination of tiny sensor nodes equipped with a minimal battery power, mini processor and a RAM. The battery is non-rechargeable in nature and thus the need for energy efficiency becomes a vital task for WSN. This paper deals with improving the energy efficiency through Energy Proficient AODV protocol (EP-AODV). The proposed work utilizes minimal energy, power amplification and efficient routing technique to improve lifetime of the network. Comparison of EP-AODV with other existing schemes, EP-AODV achieves better throughput, energy efficient, First-Nod-Dies ratio and so on. Thus, the proposed EP-AODV protocol achieves better energy efficient protocol for WSN.
The need for ethical principles and guidelines in social robots

This paper stresses the importance of establishing ethical principles regarding possible (psychological) eﬀects of interactions with (social) robots. It highlights existing principles and standards regarding artiﬁcial intelligence systems and robots, and why these are not fully applicable to social robots yet. Lastly, it provides suggestions on how to establish ethical human-robot interactions
Total aircraft flight-control system - Balanced open- and closed-loop control with dynamic trim maps

The availability of the airborne digital computer has made possible a Total Aircraft Flight Control System (TAFCOS) that uses virtually the complete nonlinear propulsive and aerodynamic data for the aircraft to construct dynamic trim maps that represent an inversion of the aircraft model. The trim maps, in series with the aircraft, provide essentially a linear feed-forward path. Basically, open-loop trajectory control is employed with only a small perturbation feedback signal required to compensate for inaccuracy in the aircraft model and for external disturbances. Simulation results for application to an automatic carrier-landing system are presented. Flight-test results for a STOL aircraft operating automatically over a major portion of its flight regime are presented. The concept promises a more rapid and straightforward design from aerodynamic principles, particularly for highly nonlinear configurations, and requires substantially less digital computer capacity than conventional automatic flight-control system designs.