Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Typology of Propagation of Technology and Social Preferences in the Process of Economic Development: An Input-Output Approach

In this paper we look at the interplay of technology and social preferences in different stages of economic development. We use a set of input-output tables for 32 different countries, published by OECD. The tables refer to the period 1996-2001 and were consolidated in 48 sectors so that structural comparisons were possible. Through the use of the fields of influence of structural change for partitioned input-output systems, we confirm that, for different levels of per capita GDP, technological progress is an important element to drive output growth. However, as an economy evolves, our dataset also confirm that the composition of final demand, which reveals social preferences in a static way, move away from agricultural and manufacturing to services activities. Such structural changes favor sectors with weaker output multipliers generating a force that helps driving income convergence among countries.
A pilot study investigating dental wear and mandibular bending rigidity (Imax/Imin) in black‐and‐white ruffed lemurs (Varecia variegata)

The process of mastication is often described as dynamic, involving bending, torsional and shear stresses of the corpus, all of which can drive the shape of the jaw's internal structure over one's lifetime, and has been studied in a number of primate species. The black‐and‐white ruffed lemur (Varecia variegata) is one of the most frugivorous lemurs. Unlike the cultivated fruits provisioned in zoo settings, Madagascan fruits exhibit a wide range of physical and mechanical challenges, including difficult‐to‐process items. While observational studies of captive lemur feeding behaviors have shown both handedness and jaw side preference when loading food items, the degree to which these behaviors drive asymmetrical dental wear and cross‐sectional shape has not been explored in this taxon. Here, we investigate the ratio of maximum‐to‐minimum bending rigidity (Imax/Imin) in the jaws of this species. Our sample includes nine wild‐derived, adult micro‐CT specimens downloaded from the online digital repository, MorphoSource. Cross‐sections of the jaws were extracted bilaterally at three inter‐dentine junctions (posterior to M3, M3/M2, and M2/M1) using a novel protocol in Avizo 8.0. The prepared cross‐sections were analyzed using the MomentMacroJ v1.2 plugin for Image J. Bending rigidity (pooled sample) was significantly different at each locus (One‐Way ANOVA, p < .001); however, we found no difference between the left and right sides at the three loci (Mann‐Whitney; p > .05). Contrary to these findings, our calculations of percentage dentine exposure of the occlusal surfaces for a subsample of these specimens (N = 3; photographs analyzed in ImageJ; total, 21.4–64.6%) demonstrated side differences in surface wear – a proxy for side preference during mastication. Results indicate that while dental wear may be asymmetric, bending rigidity was not, revealing the complexity of the relationship between jaw shape morphology, dental wear, and bending rigidity, and also the benefits of using multiple methodological techniques.
Realization and Energy Optimization of a Recharging Station for Electric Vehicles with Fixed Storage and Photovoltaic Panels

During the past years, a lot of research work have been done on the topic of smart grids and more speciﬁcally on the charging of electric vehicles (EVs), which will become an essential aspect in the coming years. The various works carried out on these themes have allowed the development of e ﬃ cient tools to organize energy exchanges within these networks and to make this energy available to electric vehicles on certain time intervals. However, the problems related to the compatibility between the di ﬀ erent elements of these networks seem to be largely underestimated
Female entrepreneurship and the management of business and domestic roles: Motivations, expectations and realities

Whilst some women are motivated to establish entrepreneurial ventures by factors which are similar to those of their male counterparts (including a desire for independence and financial gain), unlike the majority of men, a sizeable number choose entrepreneurship to balance work responsibilities and earning potential with domestic/familial commitments. Despite growing numbers of women citing flexibility and childcare obligations as strong motivations for starting a business relatively little attention has been paid to exploring their motivations, expectations and actual experiences of entrepreneurship, and the extent to which entrepreneurship really offers an improved work/family ‘balance’. This paper presents findings of exploratory, qualitative research conducted in Northern Ireland, which focused upon the entrepreneurial journeys of 14 women as they established and managed their ventures, whilst balancing domestic/familial demands. Drawing upon information-rich evidence from in-depth interviews, insights are presented into their motivations and expectations of what entrepreneurship would offer, and the realities of their experience.
Financial Problems of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Turkey

The main of this paper is to examine the access to finance as one of the major problems faced by SMEs in Turkey. After discussing the current status of SMEs in Turkey, their difficulties in the context of the financial crisis, their current importance in Turkish economy and as an example of policy implication Credit Guarantee Fund will be discussed. In our study, we attempted to show the effectiveness of the Credit Guarantee Fund in access to finance opportunities for SMEs during the period 1990-2013/2014. Since 2006 when the efficiency of CGF has increased, structural break was found in commercial loans series. Thus existing of a significant impact of CGF on commercial loans has been showed. Also, during the related period, Granger Causality method revealed that an increased in commercial loans have an impact on new investments. As a result, it has been concluded that CGF by increasing the volume of commercial loans contribute to the country’s current capital stock.
D ec 2 01 0 TUW-1007 IPMU 10-0090 Global SO ( 10 ) F-theory GUTs

Making use of toric geometry we construct a class of global F-theory GUT models. The base manifolds are blowups of Fano threefolds and the Calabi-Yau fourfold is a complete intersection of two hypersurfaces. We identify possible GUT divisors and construct SO(10) models on them using the spectral cover construction. We use a split spectral cover to generate chiral matter on the 10 curves in order to get more degrees of freedom in phenomenology. We use abelian flux to break SO(10) to SU(5)× U(1) which is interpreted as a flipped SU(5) model. With the GUT Higgses in the SU(5)×U(1) model it is possible to further break the gauge symmetry to the Standard Model. We present several phenomenologically attractive examples in detail. e-mail: cmchen AT hep.itp. tuwien.ac. at e-mail: johanna.knapp AT ipmu.jp e-mail: kreuzer AT hep.itp. tuwien.ac. at e-mail: cmayrh AT hep.itp. tuwien.ac. at
Super-resolution Axial Localization of Ultrasound Point Sources Using Multi-focal Imaging

— Objective: This paper aims to develop a method 1 for achieving micrometre axial scatterer localization for medical 2 ultrasound, surpassing the inherent, pulse length dependence 3 limiting ultrasound imaging. Methods: The method, directly 4 translated from cellular microscopy, is based on multi-focal 5 imaging and the simple, aberration dependent, image sharp-6 ness metric of a single point scatterer. The localization of a 7 point scatterer relies on the generation of multiple overlapping 8 sharpness curves, created by deploying three foci during receive 9 processing, and by assessing the sharpness values after each 10 acquisition as a function of depth. Each derived curve peaks 11 around the receive focus and the unique position of the scatterer 12 is identiﬁed by combining the data from all curves using a 13 maximum likelihood algorithm with a calibration standard. 14 Results: Simulated and experimental ultrasound point scatter 15 data show that the sharpness method can provide scatterer axial 16 localization with an average accuracy down to 10.21 µ m ( ≈ λ / 21) 17 and with up to 11.4 times increased precision compared to 18 conventional localization. The improvements depend on the rate 19 of change of sharpness using each focus, and the signal to noise 20 ratio in each image. Conclusion: Super-resolution axial imaging 21 from optical microscopy has been successfully translated into 22 ultrasound imaging by using raw ultrasound data and standard 23 beamforming. Signiﬁcance: The normalized sharpness method 24 has the potential to be used in scatterer localization applications 25 and contribute in current super-resolution ultrasound imaging 26 techniques. 27
COMPARISON OF QUALITY PREDICTION ALGORITHMS IN MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Production failure is one of the biggest concerns for every manufacturing company. The production failure may cause a variety of quality costs and lead to production delays. Therefore, one of the most important aims toward smart factory is to develop the quality monitoring system that gives information about upcoming failure of production. In this paper, we deal with a prediction problem of defect rates from manufacturing processing conditions. Representative regression algorithms such as linear regression, non-linear regression and tree-based regression are compared to predict the defective rates for production lots. A real-life dataset of die-casting manufacturing process is used to compare the performance of the regression algorithms. The experimental results show that tree-based regression algorithms generally outperform linear and nonlinear regression algorithms. The algorithms can be adopted to implement the quality prediction system for smart factory.
The Factors Influence Intention to Use Mobile Payment in Jakarta

Competition between the mobile payment industry in Indonesia from 2017 has been very tight. It is necessary to conduct research on consumer behavior in choosing and using m-payments, in order to compete. This study aims to determine the effect of perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perception of mobility, and perceived trust on intention in using mobile payments in Jakarta. The research analysis used multiple linear quantitative analysis. The population of this study is consumers who have used mobile payments and have the intention to use the services. Determination of the number of samples using the Hair theory, because the number of populations is not known precisely. The sample totaled 124 respondents. The results show that there is a significant and positive influence between perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived mobility, and perceived trust on interest in using mobile payments. The basic concept of TAM Theory is 2 variables of behavior and consumer perceptions of technological change, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness. The results of this study are the development of this theory by adding perceive mobility and perceived trust as behaviors and perceptions that influence the intention to use the technology, in this case, mobile payment technology.
A finite element simulation on transient large deformation and mass diffusion in electrodes for lithium ion batteries

Lithium-ion batteries have attracted great deal of attention recently. Silicon is one of the most promising anode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries, due to its highest theoretical specific capacity. However, the short lifetime confined by mechanical failure in the silicon anode is now considered to be the biggest challenge in desired applications. High stress induced by the huge volume change due to lithium insertion/extraction is the main reason underlying this problem. Some theoretical models have been developed to address this issue. In order to properly implement these models, we develop a finite element based numerical method using a commercial software package, ABAQUS, as a platform at the continuum level to study fully coupled large deformation and mass diffusion problem. Using this method, large deformation, elasticity–plasticity of the electrodes, various spatial and temporal conditions, arbitrary geometry and dimension could be fulfilled. The interaction between anode and other components of the lithium ion batteries can also be studied as an integrated system. Several specific examples are presented to demonstrate the capability of this numerical platform.
The elephant in the room: a response to John Horganand Michael J. Boyle

This paper is written in response to John Horgan and Michael J. Boyle, whose article, ‘The Case Against a “Critical Terrorism Studies”’, appeared in the last issue of the journal Critical Studies on Terrorism. The paper addresses the claim that the call for a greater emphasis on state terrorism by liberal democratic states in terrorism studies constitutes a ‘reinventing of the wheel’. I show that there continues to be a selective application of definitions of terrorism so that state terrorism in which liberal democratic states are complicit continues to be widely ignored. This results in considerable gaps in the literature, which I identify. I argue that the absence of state terrorism by liberal democratic states from debate results from a complex range of factors that influence scholars across the social sciences, which I discuss in detail. I then show that a credible research agenda exists and is already being pursued by Critical Terrorism Studies scholars, and that that this goes well beyond simply reinventing the wheel. Finally I show that where work on state terrorism by liberal democratic states is concerned, an explicit aim is to explore the use of state terrorism within the broader context of the foreign policy objectives of liberal democratic states. Those objectives have consistently involved widening access to resources and markets in the global South, and competing for political and economic dominance. I show that a priority of those working on state terrorism by liberal democratic states should be to offer alternatives to foreign policy practices that involve state terrorism and other forms of repression.
A Time space varying speed of light and the Hubble law in static universe

We consider a hypothetical possibility of the variability of light velocity with time and position in space which is derived from two natural postulates. For the consistent consideration of such variability we generalize translational transformations of the Theory of Relativity. The formulae of transformations between two rest observers within one inertial system are obtained. It is shown that equality of velocities of two particles is as relative a statement as simultaneity of two events is. We obtain the expression for the redshift of radiation of a rest source which formally reproduces the Hubble Law. Possible experimental implications of the theory are discussed.
Biochemical Patterns of Cardio-renal Biomarkers in Serum and Vitreous Humor of Rabbits after Chronic CO Exposure

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless gas that can cause cellular damage in exposed hosts depending on the levels inhaled. There is an increase in idiopathic diseases without a known cause. In Nigeria, this has led to a call for profiling of CO, a gas routinely inhaled by its population. This study was designed to assess the effect of chronic CO inhalation on vitreous and serum cardiorenal biochemical parameters. A total of twenty rabbits were divided into four groups. With the exception of control rabbits (air only), others were exposed daily to 200 ppm CO for 30 min for 10, 20, or 30 days. Five (5) rabbits constituted each of the four groups. At the 30 minutes after the final exposure, rabbits were euthanized mechanically and their vitreous humor and cardiac blood extracted using standard procedures. Serum and vitreous humor extracted were analyzed using ion selective electrode and enzymatic methods.
The Expansion of Consumer Credit in Italy and the Main Euro Area Countries

Since 2015, consumer loans have been rising fast in France, Germany, Spain and Italy. This article aims to provide broad evidence of the differences across countries in light of the recent consumer credit growth, exploring demand and supply factors typically related to this type of loan, and assessing the building up of financial risks. The expansion was connected in all countries with the increasing credit demand, specifically for consumer durables, and – for Italy and Spain, which experienced stronger credit tightening during the past crises – also with the easing of supply conditions. Risks stemming from the growth of consumer credit are mitigated by its lower incidence, compared with mortgages, on households’ total debt and income; exposure to interest rate risk is also decreasing owing to the high share of fixed-rate contracts. There is wide risk heterogeneity across countries, with Italy and Spain having the highest share of delinquent households (even for fewer than 90 days). In Italy, however, debt is increasingly concentrated among more affluent households, which are better able to withstand negative economic shocks. This trend is sustaining the drop in the ratio of new non-performing consumer loans.
jmbReview Extremozymes : A Potential Source for Industrial Applications

1Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Chile 2Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo-USP, Brazil 3Department of Food Technology, University of Sonora, Mexico 4Laboratorio Ecología Microbiana Aplicada, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Chile
Monitoring and Control Food Temperature and Humidity using Internet of Things Based-on Microcontroller

Tempe is a traditional Indonesian food that uses tempeh mushrooms (Rhizopuz Oryzae) to make it. Tempeh fungus on soybeans requires a certain temperature and humidity in order to grow properly. In this study, a tool was built to monitor and control temperature and humidity with an online system using the ESP8266 WiFi Module with the ESP8266-01 series, which then the data will be sent to Thingspeak and Thingsview. The method used in this study through several stages, including Hardware Design, Internet of Things (IoT) Design or Network Architecture, Testing, and Measuring temperature and humidity values. The hardware design includes Microcontroller-based system hardware to help control temperature and humidity. IoT design or network architecture steps to make connections between hardware and software, while the last stage is testing and measuring the temperature and humidity values to determine the accuracy of the system being made. The Temperature and Humidity settings are carried out automatically using the Arduino Board to control Heater and Fan. The average temperature and humidity values generated in the measurement were 33.11 C and 87.74%. This tool has a measurement accuracy compared to other measuring instruments with a standard deviation of temperature error of 0.8708 and humidity 1.1254 for 180 data samples for 3 days. In this study, the system functions properly with the control system functioning properly, and the reading of the value produces a good standard deviation.
Intensifying or transforming sustainable cities? Fragmented logics of urban environmentalism

ABSTRACT This paper analyses recent shifts in urban sustainability discourse and practice through a critical review of the historical development of the concept from the 1970s through to the global economic crisis in the 2007 and its fragmentation into the 2010s. Using this periodisation, the paper shows how the content of urban sustainability discourse has changed. First, it illustrates that the dominant assumption of sustainable cities’ discourse was to utilise economic growth to ecologically modernise urban environments. Second, it examines how the global economic crisis has intensified this fix and led to a new, even narrower emphasis on the techno-economic value of those aspects of urban environment that have economic and market potential. Third, it analyses the fragmenting of sustainable cities’ discourse into a set of competing logics that reflect this narrower agenda. This paper argues that the sustainable city has been absorbed into these new logics that are much more narrowly techno-economically focused and are squeezing out traditional concerns with social justice and equity.
Digital Tomosynthesis : Fundamental principles and comparison to conventional X-ray imaging

During the last century several attempts have been made to overcome the fundamental problem of X-ray imaging, i.e. that anatomical information existing in 3-dimensions has to be represented on a 2-dimensional radiograph. In this thesis, digital tomosynthesis, a re ned version of conventional tomography, has been investigated. Digital tomosynthesis enables retrospective reconstruction of an arbitrary plane in the imaged patient from a series of low dose projections, acquired with a limited tube movement. In the simplest method of reconstructing arbitrary planes, all the projections are shifted such that structures from only one plane line up exactly and thus remain xed relative to the overand underlying structures. To investigate the fundamental principles of tomosynthesis and evaluate the clinical potential a prototype was built. Quality metrics such as signal di erence to noise ratio (SDNR) and artifact spread function (ASF) were measured with di erent tomographic parameter settings. The tomosynthesis acquisition parameters were optimized and the image quality at di erent exposure levels were compared to conventional radiographs. The optimization evaluation showed that a large angular range with many projections can increase the image quality and reduce artifacts created from surrounding anatomy. It was also shown that small and obscured objects were easier to discern with tomosynthesis compared to conventional X-ray imaging, even at lower exposures. Reconstructed images of an anthropomorphic chest phantom showed an increased visibility of local structures in the lungs, structures which becomes superimposed on surrounding anatomy in a conventional X-ray image. These results are a consequence of the intrinsic property of tomosynthesis; each image, reconstructed from a series of projections, have high signal from in-focus objects and low signal from the surrounding anatomy that is repeated over the image proportional to the number of projections. The ability to separate the surrounding anatomy from the in-focus structures can be optimized with the appropriate combination of angular range and the number of projections acquired.