Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improved U-net-based leukocyte segmentation method

Abstract. Significance Leukocytes are mainly composed of neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes. The number and proportion of different types of leukocytes correspond to different diseases, so an accurate segmentation of each type of leukocyte is important for the diagnosis of disease. However, the acquisition of blood cell images can be affected by external environmental factors, which can lead to variable light and darkness, complex backgrounds, and poorly characterized leukocytes. Aim To address the problem of complex blood cell images collected under different environments and the lack of obvious leukocyte features, a leukocyte segmentation method based on improved U-net is proposed. Approach First, adaptive histogram equalization-retinex correction was introduced for data enhancement to make the leukocyte features in the blood cell images clearer. Then, to address the problem of similarity between different types of leukocytes, convolutional block attention module is added to the four skip connections of U-net to focus the features from spatial and channel aspects, so that the network can quickly locate the high-value information of features in different channels and spaces. It avoids the problem of large amount of repeated computation of low-value information, prevents overfitting, and improves the training efficiency and generalization ability of the network. Finally, to solve the problem of class imbalance in blood cell images and to better segment the cytoplasm of leukocytes, a loss function combining focal loss and Dice loss is proposed. Results We use the BCISC public dataset to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The segmentation of multiple leukocytes using the method of this paper can achieve 99.53% accuracy and 91.89% mIoU. Conclusions The experimental results show that the method achieves good segmentation results for lymphocytes, basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes.
Recent outbreak of dengue in Bangladesh: A threat to public health

The dengue virus is widespread throughout Bangladesh and significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality. One effective method for preventing further dengue epidemics is to reduce mosquito breeding at the most opportune period each year. This study aims to determine dengue prevalence in 2022 by comparing previous years' data and estimating the period of this disease's most significant incidence.
A Quasi-automatic Rectification Method of SAR Image Based on Image Simulation

SAR image usually becomes very difficult when precise orbit data of SAR platform is not available. A SAR rectification method based on image simulation is proposed in this paper. The simulated SAR image is generated by means of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and the known orbit data, then image matching is performed between the simulated and the real SAR image to identify some pairs of corresponding points. The position differences of these corresponding points are caused by the imprecision of the orbit data, and can be used to correct the rectification residuals. In this paper, the common SAR image simulation algorithms are introduced briefly, and then the algorithm used to match real to the simulated image is presented, as well as the SAR rectification method based on simulated image. At last, an experiment on the proposed rectification method is made, in which a RADATSAR SGF image is rectified precisely by means of simulated SAR image. Moreover, except the image matching stage, all the procedures of this rectification can be done automatically, which is significant to the large-volume SAR image processing.
Introducing a Continuous Measure of Future Self-Continuity

This article presents a continuous measure of future self-continuity (FSC-C) designed for use in web-based surveys. It allows researchers to assess on a continuous scale the similarity or connectedness that participants feel in relation to their future selves. The measure has an intuitive drag-and-drop interface, where participants can drag one circle over another circle to a certain degree of overlap to indicate closeness of the relation between their present self and their future selves. The measure is highly customizable and is therefore also attractive for researchers in other domains (e.g., to measure Inclusion of Other in the Self). In this regard, the measure is an alternative to that reported by Le, Moss, and Mashek in this journal. This article describes the motivation for the development of the measure as well as how it is constructed.
Longitudinal Neutralizing and Functional Antibody Responses to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants Following Messenger RNA Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination

Abstract In this longitudinal prospective cohort of healthy adults in the United States, we found that coronavirus disease 2019 messenger RNA primary series and booster vaccinations elicited high titers of broadly cross-reactive neutralizing and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity antibodies, which gradually waned over 6 months, particularly against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants. These data support the indication for a subsequent booster vaccination.
Predicting risk of metastases and recurrence in soft-tissue sarcomas via Radiomics and Formal Methods

Abstract Objective Soft-tissue sarcomas (STSs) of the extremities are a group of malignancies arising from the mesenchymal cells that may develop distant metastases or local recurrence. In this article, we propose a novel methodology aimed to predict metastases and recurrence risk in patients with these malignancies by evaluating magnetic resonance radiomic features that will be formally verified through formal logic models. Materials and Methods This is a retrospective study based on a public dataset evaluating MRI scans T2-weighted fat-saturated or short tau inversion recovery and patients having “metastases/local recurrence” (group B) or “no metastases/no local recurrence” (group A) as clinical outcomes. Once radiomic features are extracted, they are included in formal models, on which is automatically verified the logic property written by a radiologist and his computer scientists coworkers. Results Evaluating the Formal Methods efficacy in predicting distant metastases/local recurrence in STSs (group A vs group B), our methodology showed a sensitivity and specificity of 0.81 and 0.67, respectively; this suggests that radiomics and formal verification may be useful in predicting future metastases or local recurrence development in soft tissue sarcoma. Discussion Authors discussed about the literature to consider Formal Methods as a valid alternative to other Artificial Intelligence techniques. Conclusions An innovative and noninvasive rigourous methodology can be significant in predicting local recurrence and metastases development in STSs. Future works can be the assessment on multicentric studies to extract objective disease information, enriching the connection between the radiomic quantitative analysis and the radiological clinical evidences.
Breaking symmetries in graph coloring problems with degree matrices: the Ramsey number R(4,3,3)=30

This paper introduces a general methodology that applies to solve graph edge-coloring problems and demonstrates its use to compute the Ramsey number R(4, 3, 3). The number R(4, 3, 3) is often presented as the unknown Ramsey number with the best chances of being found “soon”. Yet, its precise value has remained unknown for more than 50 years. The proposed technique is based on two well-studied concepts, abstraction and symmetry. First, we introduce an abstraction on graph colorings, degree matrices, that specify the degree of each vertex in each color. We compute, using a SAT solver, an overapproximation of the set of degree matrices of all solutions of the graph coloring problem. Then, for each degree matrix in the over-approximation, we compute, again using a SAT solver, the set of all solutions with matching degrees. Breaking symmetries, on degree matrices in the first step and with respect to graph isomorphism in the second, is cardinal to the success of the approach. We illustrate the approach via two applications: proving that R(4, 3, 3) = 30 and computing the previously unknown number of (3, 3, 3; 13) Ramsey colorings (78,892).
Fire Responses Shape Plant Communities in a Minimal Model for Fire Ecosystems across the World

Across plant communities worldwide, fire regimes reflect a combination of climatic factors and plant characteristics. To shed new light on the complex relationships between plant characteristics and fire regimes, we developed a new conceptual mechanistic model that includes plant competition, stochastic fires, and fire-vegetation feedback. Considering a single standing plant functional type, we observed that highly flammable and slowly colonizing plants can persist only when they have a strong fire response, while fast colonizing and less flammable plants can display a larger range of fire responses. At the community level, the fire response of the strongest competitor determines the existence of alternative ecological states (i.e., different plant communities) under the same environmental conditions. Specifically, when the strongest competitor had a very strong fire response, such as in Mediterranean forests, only one ecological state could be achieved. Conversely, when the strongest competitor was poorly fire adapted, alternative ecological states emerged—for example, between tropical humid savannas and forests or between different types of boreal forests. These findings underline the importance of including the plant fire response when modeling fire ecosystems, for example, to predict the vegetation response to invasive species or to climate change.
Prosodic cues enhance infants’ sensitivity to nonadjacent regularities

In language, grammatical dependencies often hold between items that are not immediately adjacent to each other. Acquiring these nonadjacent dependencies is crucial for learning grammar. However, there are potentially infinitely many dependencies in the language input. How does the infant brain solve this computational learning problem? Here, we demonstrate that while rudimentary sensitivity to nonadjacent regularities may be present relatively early, robust and reliable learning can only be achieved when convergent statistical and perceptual, specifically prosodic cues, are both present, helping the infant brain detect the building blocks that form a nonadjacent dependency. This study contributes to our understanding of the neural foundations of rule learning that pave the way for language acquisition.
Identification and Optimisation of Indole-3-Acetic Acid Production of Endophytic Bacteria and Their Effects on Plant Growth

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is one of the most physiologically active auxins produced by rhizobacteria and is potentially applied for agriculture. Two endophytic bacteria, VR2 and MG9, isolated from the root of Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) collected at Cha-Am, and the leaf of Bruguiera cylindrica (L.) Blume collected from a mangrove forest at Ban Laem, Phetchaburi Province, Thailand, were taxonomic characterised based on their phenotypic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene analysis. Strain VR2 was closely related to Enterobacter hormaechei CIP 103441T (99.6% similarity), while strain MG9 was closely related to Bacillus aryabhattai B8W22T (99.9% similarity). Consequently, they were identified as Enterobacter hormaechei and Bacillus aryabhattai, respectively. The IAA production of VR2 and MG9 strains are determined and applied to rice seeds for their root and shoot germination. Strains VR2 and MG9 greatly produced a yield of IAA, 246.00 and 195.55 μg/mL in 1,000 μg/mL of L-tryptophan at pH 6 for 48 h. They showed no significant differences in IAA to root and shoot development. However, the bacterial IAA exhibited potential nearby synthetic IAA, which had a significant effect compared to the control. IAA produced from these two strains might preferably trim down the use of synthetic IAA and could contribute to sustainable agriculture.
Comparison of Success Rate and Safety of Nasotracheal Intubation by Conventional and Finger-Guided Method in Patients Undergoing Maxillofacial Surgery

Background: Different techniques have been introduced to reduce the complications of nasotracheal intubation. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of nasotracheal intubation complications in finger-guided and conventional methods. Materials and Methods: In this double-blind randomized trial study, 70 patients who were candidates for oral and maxillofacial surgery who required nasal intubation were included in the study finally of which 33 patients with conventional method and 35 patients with finger-guided tubes in the nasopharynx were analyzed at the end of the study. Variables such as success rate, hemodynamic response, and complications of intubation were compared between the two groups. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of hemodynamic response to intubation (P > 0.05). There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of success in tracheal intubation (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of epistaxis immediately after intubation (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of nasal turbine fractures (P > 0.05). However, the frequency of submucosal intubation in the conventional method was significantly higher than the other group (P = 0.02). Conclusion: Nasotracheal intubation using the finger guiding technique in the nasopharynx is associated with a higher success rate and less complications after intubation such as epistaxis and submucosal intubation compared to the conventional method.
On Adding Relations to Homotopy Groups

In a recent paper2 I described in algebraical terms the relation between 7rn-i(X) and 7rn1-(X*), and also the relation between 7rn(X) and 7rn(X*) in case each of fi(St'') is homotopic to a point. Here we study the relation between 7rn(X) and 7r,,(X*) when the maps fi(S'-') are arbitrary. There is a considerable difference between the cases n = 2 and n > 2. In case n > 2 the relation between 7rn(X) and 7rn(X*) is expressed in terms of a product a A e 7rm+n-1(X), where a e rm(X), 0 E 7rn(X). The case n = 2 is, in many ways, the more interesting of the two. Among other things a method is found for calculating3 7r2(K) algebraically, where K is any simplicial complex. Of course K. Reidemeister's4 theory of homology in K, the universal covering complex of K, together with a theorem due to, W. Hurewicz5 lead to a theoretical definition of 7r2(K), which may be stated in purely algebraic terms. But since there is no general algorithm for deciding whether or no given elements Pi X n * p*. in the group ring, 9? , of K, satisfy given equations
A versatile jellyfish-like robotic platform for effective underwater propulsion and manipulation

Underwater devices are critical for environmental applications. However, existing prototypes typically use bulky, noisy actuators and limited configurations. Consequently, they struggle to ensure noise-free and gentle interactions with underwater species when realizing practical functions. Therefore, we developed a jellyfish-like robotic platform enabled by a synergy of electrohydraulic actuators and a hybrid structure of rigid and soft components. Our 16-cm-diameter noise-free prototype could control the fluid flow to propel while manipulating objects to be kept beneath its body without physical contact, thereby enabling safer interactions. Its against-gravity speed was up to 6.1 cm/s, substantially quicker than other examples in literature, while only requiring a low input power of around 100 mW. Moreover, using the platform, we demonstrated contact-based object manipulation, fluidic mixing, shape adaptation, steering, wireless swimming, and cooperation of two to three robots. This study introduces a versatile jellyfish-like robotic platform with a wide range of functions for diverse applications.
Ovarian aspergilloma in an immunocompetent patient masquerading as ovarian neoplasm

ABSTRACT Aspergillus is a ubiquitous fungus that can cause a variety of clinical syndromes. It can lead to a spectrum of clinical presentations depending upon the severity of the disease, degree of immune compromisation, nature and intensity of inflammatory host response. Ovarian aspergilloma is extremely unusual, only a few case reports have been described in the literature. Here, we report a case of ovarian aspergilloma which was masquerading as ovarian neoplasm on clinical examination and radiology. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of isolated ovarian aspergillosis in an immunocompetent patient.
Beyond tomography: new insights in global seismic imaging

In seismology, earthquakes can be used to explore the inner structure of our planet, in the same way as X-rays are employed in medical tomography to analyse the interior of the human body. The main diffeanalyserence between this two implementations is that, whereas it is possible to obtain an optimal uniform illumination of the human body, this is not achievable for the Earth. The main reasons are the large presence of oceans, where it is not possible to achieve a uniform coverage, and the uneven distribution of earthquakes, the emitting source for seismic tomography. The effect of these problems is that there is a general consensus only on the global and very long wavelength structure of the Earth, while there is no agreement about the short wavelength pattern of the structure of our planet. This thesis will try to overcome these limitations, formulating the inverse problem in a way alternative to “classic tomography”: different definition of the model parameters, exploration of zones previously neglected by seismologists and observation coming from different disciplines. I will first investigate the mantle, revising and generalizing a “stochastic” approach that inverts directly for the power spectrum of the model, i.e., it neglects the geographic distribution of seismic heterogeneity and considers only the spatial-frequency signature of the Earth’s structure. I will later focus on the problem of the relative importance of heterogeneity of thermal vs. compositional origin in the content of mantle dynamics. Finally, I will look into the Core-Mantle Boundary region and obtain a self-consistent model that is able to explain different datasets and is physically consistent with other results from other fields (e.g., seismology, geodynamics and mineral physics). The main implication of this thesis is that, despite the previously mentioned limitations of seismic resolution previously mentioned, it is possible to handle the available data to obtain information consistent with different methodologies and disciplines, resulting in new insight on the process that govern the dynamics of our planet.
Psychotropic stewardship: Advancing patient care

Board Certified Psychiatric Pharmacists (BCPPs) practice in a variety of inpatient and outpatient health care settings as part of collaborative, multidisciplinary teams. The American Association of Psychiatric Pharmacists (AAPP) has promoted the expansion of psychiatric pharmacy through the development of psychotropic stewardship programs (PSPs). Based on the standards developed during the creation and expansion of antimicrobial stewardship programs, psychotropic stewardship promotes the safe and appropriate use of psychotropic medications. AAPP envisions every patient with a psychiatric diagnosis will have their medication treatment plan reviewed, optimized, and managed by a psychotropic stewardship team with a psychiatric pharmacist as a co-leader. Because of variations in practice site resources, patient populations, and provider collaboration, the creation and implementation of PSPs should be based on site-specific needs and opportunities. Initial patient identification could prioritize those prescribed multiple medications, high-risk psychotropics, or comorbid medical diagnoses. However, every patient prescribed a psychotropic medication should have the opportunity to work with a PSP. Incremental implementation may be required during the planning stages of stewardship teams. Use of clinical practice-related core outcomes will allow for the optimization of program resources, increased recognition, and improved patient outcomes. PSPs should be patient-focused and integrate patients' preferences and access to recommended treatment options. The eventual goal of PSP implementation is official recognition by key regulatory agencies as a standard of care for patients who receive a diagnosis of a psychiatric or substance use disorder.
A Fast Algorithm for Finding the Shortest Path Between Arbitrary Two Points in a Traffic Road Net

There have been many algorithms for finding the shortest path between arbitrary two points in a traffic road net. Among these the Dijkstra's algorithm is one of the most effective algorithms, its time complexity is O( n 2 ). The algorithm presented in this paper is different from Dijkstra's. Its main idea is that we select edges and build a binary tree according to the direction of a straight line segment from the start point to the finish point, and adopt an effective method to reduce the size of the binary tree and shorten the length of the path, then calculate the approximate shortest path and its length in terms of the labels of the binary tree's nodes. Repeatedly implementing this algorithm a constant times can obtain the shortest path and the length.
Système Euler-Poisson non linéaire. Existence globale de solutions faibles entropiques

Nous prouvons un resultat d'existence globale de solutions faibles entropiques pour le systeme des equations d'Euler isotherme couple a l'equation de Poisson pour des electrons satisfaisant l'equilibre de Maxwell-Boltzmann. La methode numerique est basee sur le schema de Glimm pour la partie hyperbolique et une integration directe des termes sources.
Relationship between a deep learning model and liquid‐based cytological processing techniques

Artificial intelligence (AI)–based cytopathology studies conducted using deep learning have enabled cell detection and classification. Liquid‐based cytology (LBC) has facilitated the standardisation of specimen preparation; however, cytomorphology varies according to the LBC processing technique used. In this study, we elucidated the relationship between two LBC techniques and cell detection and classification using a deep learning model.