Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 vaccine booster dose hesitancy among key groups: A cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT Vaccination is an important tool for controlling the spread of coronavirus disease. Notably, it is important to achieve higher vaccine booster coverage across key groups – including front-line workers who could be exposed to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and those who live and work in crowded places – to prevent or reduce the risk of severe infection and poor disease outcomes. The purpose of the study was to understand the COVID-19 vaccine booster hesitancy among key groups in Luzhou, China, to analyze its influencing factors, and to provide scientific basis and theoretical guidance for the implementation of targeted intervention. Guided by the “3Cs” model, a self-designed questionnaire was prepared through a literature search using the Delphi method. All questionnaires were completed online through a QR code. Among the 548 participants, 173 had vaccine hesitation, accounting for 31.6%. Indeed, the scores for perceived safety, expected vaccine effectiveness, and trust in the vaccine delivery system were all lower in the hesitance group than in the non-hesitance group. However, the scores for low necessity were higher in the hesitance group. The factors influencing booster hesitancy were examined, and the probability of hesitancy decreased by 72.2% and 62.5% for every 1-point increase in the confidence and safety scores, respectively. Meanwhile, the probability of hesitancy increased by 25.8% for every 1-point increase in the low necessity score. Although the COVID-19 vaccine booster hesitancy reported in the study was relatively low, a large gap remains in the willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccination in China. Therefore, the state and relevant departments should take targeted measures to help reduce vaccine hesitancy among the public and enable smooth progress in the large-scale COVID-19 vaccine booster campaign in the future.
Dress is a Fundamental Component of Person Perception

Academic Abstract Clothing, hairstyle, makeup, and accessories influence first impressions. However, target dress is notably absent from current theories and models of person perception. We discuss three reasons for this minimal attention to dress in person perception: high theoretical complexity, incompatibility with traditional methodology, and underappreciation by the groups who have historically guided research in person perception. We propose a working model of person perception that incorporates target dress alongside target face, target body, context, and perceiver characteristics. Then, we identify four types of inferences for which perceivers rely on target dress: social categories, cognitive states, status, and aesthetics. For each of these, we review relevant work in social cognition, integrate this work with existing dress research, and propose future directions. Finally, we identify and offer solutions to the theoretical and methodological challenges accompanying the psychological study of dress. Public Abstract Why is it that people often agonize over what to wear for a job interview, a first date, or a party? The answer is simple: They understand that others’ first impressions of them rely on their clothing, hairstyle, makeup, and accessories. Many people might be surprised, then, to learn that psychologists’ theories about how people form first impressions of others have little to say about how people dress. This is true in part because the meaning of clothing is so complex and culturally dependent. We propose a working model of first impressions that identifies four types of information that people infer from dress: people’s social identities, mental states, status, and aesthetic tastes. For each of these, we review existing research on clothing, integrate this research with related work from social psychology more broadly, and propose future directions for research.
The dependence of phonon and paramagnetic resonances on the fine structure constant in sapphire and the possibility of a test of time dependence

A new experiment to test for the time independence of the fine structure constant, /spl alpha/, is proposed. The experiment is based on a similar proposal at optical frequencies. We propose to utilize orthogonally polarized transverse electric and transverse magnetic whispering gallery modes in a single sapphire resonator tuned to similar frequencies. When configured as a dual mode sapphire clock, we show that the anisotropy of sapphire makes it possible to undertake a sensitive measurement from the beat frequency between the two modes. At infrared frequencies this is possible due to the different effect of the lowest phonon frequency on the two orthogonally polarized modes. At microwave frequencies we show that the phonon effect is too small. We show that the electron spin resonance of paramagnetic impurities (such as Cr/sup 3+/) in the lattice effects only one polarization with an /spl alpha//sup 6/ dependence. This enables an enhancement of the sensitivity to temporal changes in /spl alpha/ at microwave frequencies. In both cases degradation of cavity Q is experienced due to Kramers Kronig relations. The effect on both cases is assessed.
On Stockmeyer's floorplan optimization technique

Studies the time complexity of L. Stockmeyer's technique (1993) to solve the floorplan area optimization problem for hierarchical floorplans of order 5. The authors develop a method of constructing bad floorplans to show that Stockmeyer's technique inherently has exponential time complexity. The special case is considered where the modules all have integer dimensions, and it is shown that this problem can be solved in pseudopolynomial time by Stockmeyer's technique. For the general case in which the dimensions are real numbers, a pseudopolynomial-time epsilon -approximation algorithm is presented for solving this problem. The last two results can also be extended to hierarchical floorplans of higher order. <<ETX>>
Cardioneuroablation for treatment of carotid sinus syndrome secondary to oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer

Head and neck tumors can rarely cause carotid sinus syndrome and this often resolves by surgical intervention or palliative chemoradiotherapy. If these modalities are not an option or are ineffective, the most preferred treatment is permanent pacemaker therapy. Here, we present the first case of cardioneuroablation treatment performed in patient with oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer who developed recurrent asystole and syncope attacks due to compression of the carotid sinus on neck movement.
MOTION OF A SLIP SPHERE IN A NONCONCENTRIC FICTITIOUS SPHERICAL ENVELOPE OF MICROPOLAR FLUID

Abstract Stokes’ axisymmetrical translational motion of a slip sphere, located anywhere on the diameter of a virtual spherical fluid ‘cell’, is investigated. The fluid is micropolar and flows are parallel to the line connecting the two centres. An infinite-series solution is presented for the stream function, pressure field, vorticity, microrotation component, shear stress and couple stress of the flow. Basset-type slip boundary conditions on the sphere surface are used for velocity and microrotation. The Happel and Kuwabara boundary conditions are used on the fictitious surface of the cell model. Numerical results for the normalized drag force acting on the sphere are obtained with excellent convergence for various values of the volume fraction, the relative distance between the centre of the sphere and the virtual envelope, the vortex viscosity parameter and the slip coefficients of the sphere. In the special case when the spherical particle is in the concentric position with the cell surface, the numerical values of the normalized drag force agree with the available values in the literature.
The relationship between cytochrome c oxidase, CBF and CMRO2 in mouse cortex: A NIRS-MRI study

Quantifying relationships between cerebral blood flow (CBF), mitochondrial function (cytochrome c oxidase oxidation state), and metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) could provide useful insight into normal neurovascular coupling, as well as regulation of oxidative metabolism in neurological disorders. This paper uses a multimodal NIRS-MRI method to quantify these parameters in rodent brain and, in so doing, provides novel information on the regulation of oxygen metabolism by stimulating with hypercapnia or variations in oxygenation. Under hypercapnia, although oxygenation, oxidation state, and CBF increased, there was no increase in CMRO2. Also, there was no correlation between CBF and CCO oxidation state. Conversely, changing oxygenation resulted in a strong correlation between the oxidation of CCO and CBF. This proves that the association between CBF and the redox state of CCO is not fixed and depends on the type of perturbation. Having a means to measure CBF and CCO oxidation state simultaneously will help understanding their contribution to intact neurovascular coupling and detecting abnormal cellular oxygen metabolism in many neurological disorders.
[Risk Factors of Rapidly Progressive Interstitial Lung Disease in Patients With Anti-Melanoma Differentiation-Associated Gene 5 Antibody-Positive Dermatomyositis].

Objective To investigate the conditions of patients with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibody-positive dermatomyositis combined with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RPILD), and to analyze the risk factors. Methods A total of 145 patients diagnosed with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis at West China Hospital, Sichuan University between January 2018 and September 2021 were selected, and their general and clinical data were collected. The patients were divided into two groups, a RPILD group of patients with comorbid RPILD and a non-RPILD group of those who did not have comorbid RPILD. Factors that might affect whether patients with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis also had comorbid RPILD were screened out and binary logistic regression analysis was performed. Results Among the 145 patients with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis, 32 (22.07%) patients had comorbid RPILD, while the remaining 113 (77.93%) did not have comorbid RPILD. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that lactate dehydrogenase≥370 IU/L (compared with <370 IU/L, OR=4.066, 95% CI: 1.616-10.230) and carcinoembryo antigen≥5 ng/mL (compared with <5 ng/mL, OR=6.070, 95% CI: 2.013-18.303) were risk factors for comorbid RPILD in patients with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis ( β>0, OR>1, P<0.05). Conclusion It is recommended that close attention be given to changes in high-resolution chest CT and pulmonary functions in patients with lactate dehydrogenase≥370 IU/L and carcinoembryo antigen≥5 ng/mL. If rapid progression of lung disease is detected, it is necessary to strengthen the treatment of the lung disease, thereby improving the prognosis of patients.
Histomonosis in German turkey flocks: possible ways of pathogen introduction

ABSTRACT Histomonosis has become an important disease of turkeys since the ban of effective feed additives and therapeutics. Some critical risk factors for pathogen introduction into a farm have already been identified but open questions remain. Therefore, a retrospective case–control-study was used to identify the most significant risk factors for Histomonas (H.) meleagridis-introduction into a turkey farm. A total of 113 questionnaires were collected from 73 control-farms and 40 Histomonas-positive case-farms in Germany between 20 April 2021 and 31 January 2022. The data were analysed for possible risk factors by descriptive and univariate, single- and multi-factorial analysis. The presence of earthworms, snails and beetles, as vectors of H. meleagridis, as well as the proximity to other poultry-keeping farms in addition to a frequent observation of wild birds nearby the turkey farm, showed the highest risk potential for histomonosis outbreaks. Furthermore, poor biosecurity measures seem to have increased the probability for an outbreak. Insufficient climate management, straw as litter material and an inadequate litter refill frequency might have promoted a favourable humidity for vector- or pathogen survival providing important areas for improved disease control measures in the future. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS A retrospective case–control-study was conducted to identify impactful risk factors for a H. meleagridis introduction. The probability of a histomonosis outbreak was increased by the presence of vectors and reservoirs nearby a farm. Impactful risk factors concerning biosecurity measures, climate and litter management were identified.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cardiovascular Manifestations Following COVID‐19

Globally, over 650 million people have had COVID‐19 due to infection with the SARS‐Cov‐2 virus. Cardiac complications in the acute infectious and early recovery phase were recognized early in the pandemic, including myocardial injury and inflammation. With a decrease in the number of acute COVID‐19 related deaths, there has been increased interest in postacute sequela of COVID‐19 (PASC) and other longer‐term cardiovascular complications. A proportion of patients recovered from COVID‐19 have persistent cardiac symptoms and are at risk of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular imaging, including MRI, plays an important role in the detection of cardiovascular manifestations of COVID‐19 in both the acute and longer‐term phases after COVID‐19. The purpose of this review is to highlight the role of cardiovascular imaging in the diagnosis and risk stratification of patients with acute and chronic cardiovascular manifestations of COVID‐19 with a focus on cardiac MRI.
Influence of Composition of Nickel-Iron Nanoparticles for Abiotic CO2 Conversion to Early Prebiotic Organics.

Abiotic synthesis of formate and short hydrocarbons takes place in serpentinizing vents where some members of vent microbial communities live on abiotic formate as their main carbon source. To better understand the catalytic properties of Ni-Fe minerals that naturally exist in hydrothermal vents, we have investigated the ability of synthetic Ni-Fe based nanoparticular solids to catalyze the H2-dependent reduction of CO2, the first step required for the beginning of pre-biotic chemistry. Mono and bimetallic Ni-Fe nanoparticles with varied Ni-to-Fe ratios transform CO2 and H2 into intermediates and products of the acetyl-coenzyme A pathway - formate, acetate, and pyruvate - in mM range under mild hydrothermal conditions. Furthermore, Ni-Fe catalysts converted CO2 to similar products without molecular H2 by using water as a hydrogen source. Both CO2 chemisorption analysis and post-reaction characterization of materials indicate that Ni and Fe metals play complementary roles for CO2 fixation.
Inverse Boundary Design Problems in Enclosures With Non-Gray Media

ABSTRACT In this work, the inverse analysis is applied to radiative heat transfer boundary design problems with non-gray media. The objective of the inverse problem is to find the power of the heaters on the heater surface that produces the desired output, that is, temperature and heat flux distribution over the design surface. The inverse problem is formulated as an optimization problem for minimization of an objective function, which is defined by the sum of the squared difference between estimated and desired heat flux distributions over the design surface. The non-gray optimization problem is solved using the conjugate gradient method, which is a gradient-based optimization method. The spectral line weighted-sum-of-gray-gases model (SLW) is used to account for non-gray gas radiation properties. The radiative transfer equation is solved by the discrete ordinates method combined with two models for simulation of non-gray media. Enclosures with diffuse and gray walls are considered. Radiation is assumed the dominant mode of heat transfer. Example problems including homogeneous/nonhomogeneous, isothermal/nonisothermal media are considered. The results obtained using the SLW model and the gray model are compared.
A global approach for natural history museum collections

Description Integration of the world’s natural history collections can provide a resource for decision-makers Over the past three centuries, people have collected objects and specimens and placed them in natural history museums throughout the world. Taken as a whole, this global collection is the physical basis for our understanding of the natural world and our place in it, an unparalleled source of information that is directly relevant to issues as diverse as wildlife conservation, climate change, pandemic preparedness, food security, invasive species, rare minerals, and the bioeconomy (1). Strategic coordination and use of the global collection has the potential to focus future collecting and guide decisions that are relevant to the future of humanity and biodiversity. To begin to map the aggregate holdings of the global collection, we describe here a simple and fast method to assess the contents of any natural history museum, and report results based on our assessment of 73 of the world’s largest natural history museums and herbaria from 28 countries.
Infektionsmedizin auf zwei Gleisen: Fort- und Weiterbildung in Deutschland

Bereits 2018 hat der Deutsche Ärztetag beschlossen, die Zusatzweiterbildung Infektiologie für mehr Facharztrichtungen als bisher auszubauen und 2021 den Facharzt für Innere Medizin und Infektiologie einzuführen. Aufgrund der nun beschlossenen Änderungen wird es eine Neusortierung und Anpassung der verschiedenen Ausbildungswege geben, die im Beitrag dargestellt werden.
New Algorithms For The Statistical Modelling OfGeological Heterogeneous Media: ComparativeResults

The characterization of an heterogeneous geological media can be approached by means of an statistical treatment of the field data. This lets us know its spatial variability behaviour, in probability terms The algorithms presented in this work belongs to the scope of simulation of geological heterogeneous random fields. The aim of that characterization is related with the reseach studies of nuclear waste repositories in deep geological structures. Several stochastic generation algorithms are presented, based in the geostatistical regionalized variable, fractal geometry, and spectral Fourier theories. Some of them are deeply exposed here to their understanding. As a result of the paper, some comparative schemes are showed with numerical, geostatistical and spectral analysis of the implicit autorregresive generation methods.
Spinal Reflex Adaptation in Dancers

Dancers undergo specific activity-dependent neuromuscular adaptations following long-term training that allow them to develop the refined motor skills required for success in dance. The spinal stretch reflex circuit has demonstrated specific adaptations following prolonged dance training. Adaptations in the spinal stretch reflex can be studied using H-reflex methodology, first described by Paul Hoffmann in 1910. This article discusses H-reflex methodology and presents data that examine the neural mechanisms that contribute to adaptations in the spinal stretch reflex with dance training. Two groups of subjects, modern dancers (N = 5) and untrained controls (N = 5), were tested. On one-half of the trials common peronal nerve (CPN) conditioning of the soleus H-reflex was used to assess one spinal mechanism, pre-synaptic inhibition; the other half tested the soleus H-reflex only (unconditioned). The dependent variables were the Hmax/Mmax ratios, unconditioned and with CPN conditioning, expressed as percent values. The results revealed three main findings: 1. Modern dancers had smaller Hmax/Mmax ratios than control subjects; 2. The Hmax/ Mmax ratio was smaller in standing posture than in prone among both dancers and controls; and 3. Pre-synaptic inhibition was not different between dancers and controls in standing. In conclusion, modern dancers have smaller H-reflexes than untrained controls, but pre-synaptic inhibition does not appear to explain this difference.
Ising spin system on a Cayley tree: Correlation decomposition and phase transition

For $N$ spins, ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{i}=\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1$, $i\ensuremath{\in}{1,2,\dots{},N}$, interacting via nearest-neighbor ferromagnetic Ising interaction $\ensuremath{-}J{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{i}{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{j}$ on a Cayley tree with branching number $B$, it is shown that any even-spin correlation function $〈{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{{i}_{1}}{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{{i}_{2}}\ensuremath{\cdots}{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{{i}_{2K}}〉$ decomposes into a product $〈{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{{j}_{1}}{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{{j}_{2}}〉\ensuremath{\cdots}〈{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{{j}_{2K\ensuremath{-}1}}{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{{j}_{2K}}〉$ of two-spin correlation functions $〈{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{{j}_{p}}{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{{j}_{p+1}}〉={[tanh(\frac{J}{{k}_{B}T})]}^{d({j}_{p}, {j}_{p+1})}$, where $d({j}_{p}, {j}_{p+1})$ is the number of bonds on the unique self-avoiding path connecting ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{{j}_{p}}$ and ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{{j}_{p+1}}$. This generalizes to $Bg1$ the known decomposition for an Ising chain (a Cayley tree having $B=1$). The decomposition theorem leads to upper and lower bounds for the zero-field susceptibility, and these bounds become infinite for temperatures $T\mathit{\ensuremath{\le}}{T}_{2}$ and are finite for $Tg{T}_{2}$ where $Btan{\mathrm{h}}^{2}(\frac{J}{{k}_{B}{T}_{2}})=1$. An upper bound is also given for the fourth cumulant of the magnetization. That bound becomes (negatively) infinite for $Tl{T}_{4}$ where ${B}^{3}tan{\mathrm{h}}^{4}(\frac{J}{{k}_{B}{T}_{4}})=1$. The above exact considerations are consistent with recent results of other authors and provide elementary insight regarding the cumulant divergences and long-range correlation of subsets of surface spins.
Body Composition Analysis in Dancers: Methods and Recommendations

Two clinical and four field methods are discussed with regard to their efficacy in estimating the body composition of dancers. The techniques, underlying assumptions, and ranges of error of the clinical methods of hydrostatic weighing (HW) and dual x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), and the four field methods of skinfolds (SKF), bio-electrical impedance analysis (ΒΙΑ), near-infrared interactance (NIR), and body mass index (BMI) are delineated, as are the sources of measurement error. Recommendations are made with regards to the most accurate manner of determining and tracking a dancer, s percent body fat (%BF). Differences in dance style, body type, ethnicity, sex, and age will affect the choice of body composition method, equation used, and recommendations for optimal healthy levels of %BF. Allied health professionals working with dancers need to remain aware of methodology, technical considerations, new research, and the impor tance of incorporating education into their interpretation of the results of body composition testing in dancers.