Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Radiation Damage in CMOS Image Sensors for Space Applications

The space radiation environment is damaging to silicon devices, such as Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors, affecting their performance over time or causing total failure. The first part of this work investigates a Charge Coupled Device (CCD) style CMOS image sensor designed for TDI (Time Delay and Integration) mode imaging, a mode commonly used for Earth observation. Damage from high energy protons in the space environment decreases the Charge Transfer Efficiency (CTE) and increases the dark current of such devices. Experimental work on proton damaged devices is presented, showing the effects on CTE and dark current. The results are compared to a standard CCD by a simulation to take into account the different dimensions and operating conditions of the two devices. The second part of this work describes an experimental campaign to determine the effects of process variations (namely the introduction of deep doping wells and the variation of epitaxial silicon thickness) on the rate of Single Event Latchup (SEL) in CMOS Active Pixel Sensor (APS) devices. SEL is a potentially destructive phenomenon which occurs in CMOS technology but not in CCDs. Test devices were subjected to heavy ion bombardement and SEL rates recorded for a range of heavy ions causing varying amounts of ionisation. A simulation using Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) was developed to predict the SEL rates due to heavy ions and to understand the characteristic shape of the SEL cross section vs. Linear Energy Transfer (LET) curves produced by SEL experiments. The simuation was carried out for structures representative of each of the design variants.
An Advanced Approach of NFID - Nanopatch Technology

Needle-free injection systems are novel ways to introduce various medicines into patients without piercing the skin with a conventional needle. Needle-free technology offers the very obvious benefit of reducing patient concern about the use of needle. According to Food and drug administration [FDA]: A needle-less or needle free injection is a device used for the parenteral administration of a medicament is disclosed. They can take in the form of power sprays, edible products, inhalers, and skin patches. Needle-free systems are designed to solve these problems making them safer, less expensive, and more convenient. The purpose of current article is to enlighten the advantages and uses of drug delivery using Nanopatch technology. This technology is used to deliver drugs, vaccines, etc. Today, Nanopatch is a developing technology that promises to make the administration of medicine more efficient and there is the obvious attraction that being needle-free, a patch is painless, and does not run the risk of needle-stick injuries, can use easily of its small size, temperature stability also introduces the option of distributing vaccines to parts of the world where “cold chain” infrastructure is unreliable or non-existent.
Augmented Reality: Advances in Diagnostic Imaging

In recent years, advances in medical imaging have provided opportunities for enhanced diagnosis and characterization of diseases including cancer. The improved spatial resolution provides outstanding detail of intricate anatomical structures, but has challenged physicians on how to effectively and efficiently review the extremely large datasets of over 1000 images. Standard volume rendering attempts to tackle this problem as it provides a display of 3D information on a flat 2D screen, but it lacks depth perception and has poor human–machine interface (HMI). Most recently, Augmented Reality/Virtual Reality (AR/VR) with depth 3-dimensional (D3D) imaging provides depth perception through binocular vision, head tracking for improved HMI and other key AR features. In this article, we will discuss current and future medical applications of AR including assessing breast cancer. We contend that leveraging AR technology may enhance diagnosis, save cost and improve patient care.
Research Online Research Online Where to place product reviews? An information search process Where to place product reviews? An information search process perspective perspective

Abstract Online product reviews could be presented as expert reviews and user reviews. However, a fundamental question that is not fully understood, and which this study addresses, is: Where should product reviews be displayed so as to positively affect a consumer's decision-making performance? We focus on evaluating the impact of the placements and the source of reviews (i.e., the pre-screening or post-screening display of experts' or users' comments) on consumer behavior. Building on the underpinnings of Kuhlthau's model of information search process, we propose that the Expert-User product review provision (i.e., placing the expert reviews before the screening stage and the user reviews after the screening stage) will lead to higher purchase decision performance than the User-Expert product review provision. We subsequently designed an experiment to validate the proposition. The results reveal that the Expert-User product review provision would lead to a higher purchase decision performance than the User-Expert product review provision, in terms of both the decision process and decision outcome. Abstract Online product reviews could be presented as expert reviews and user reviews. However, a fundamental question that is not fully understood, and which this study addresses, is: Where should product reviews be displayed so as to positively affect a consumer’s decision-making performance? We focus on evaluating the impact of the placements and the source of reviews (i.e., the pre-screening or post-screening display of experts’ or users’ comments) on consumer behavior. Building on the underpinnings of Kuhlthau’s model of information search process, we propose that the Expert-User product review provision (i.e., placing the expert reviews before the screening stage and the user reviews after the screening stage) will lead to higher purchase decision performance than the User-Expert product review provision. We subsequently designed an experiment to validate the proposition. The results reveal that the Expert-User product review provision would lead to a higher purchase decision performance than the User-Expert product review provision, in terms of both the decision process and decision outcome.
An empirical investigation of green initiatives and environmental sustainability for manufacturing SMEs

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the extent of green initiatives within manufacturing SMEs, as well as the mediating effect of the owners/managers intention toward green and moderating effect of green technology adoption in building environmental sustainability in the context of the Malaysian manufacturing SMEs.Design/methodology/approachData were collected through a survey questionnaire responded by 260 Malaysian manufacturing SMEs. The relationships proposed in the developed conceptual framework were represented through three hypotheses: there is a significant relationship between green initiatives and environmental sustainability (H1); intention toward green mediates the relationship between green initiatives and environmental sustainability (H2); and green technology adoption moderates the relationship between intention toward green and environmental sustainability (H3). SEM-AMOS nested model comparisons and mediating and moderating analyses were used to test the hypotheses.FindingsThis is the first research toward the green initiatives framework for the manufacturing SMEs. Till date, no framework is available which could guide researchers and practitioners of this high impact on the environment industry. The findings revealed that energy management, water conservation and waste management are related to environmental sustainability. On mediation analysis, it confirms that owners/managers intention toward green fully mediates the association of green initiatives and environmental sustainability. Finally, the moderation analysis revealed that green technology adoption does not have an influence on manufacturing SMEs environmental sustainability.Practical implicationsThis study is expected to help both researchers and practitioners in terms of manufacturing and other industries who are serious toward environmental sustainability implementation and are looking for an appropriate mechanism. It offers a generalized environmental sustainability implementation linking SMEs owners/managers, green practices, green technology policy, process management and supply chain management.Originality/valueThis study is among the very first environmental sustainability implementation research works conducted in the Malaysian manufacturing sector, particularly, in relation to the green initiatives and “four pillars” of green technology policy that manufacturing SMEs in this country need to adopt to make their environmental sustainability a solid competitive vehicle for their development. The results have broader implications for all manufacturing SMEs, particularly in developing economies where the growth of manufacturing and the development of integrated environmental sustainability are key stages in economic development.
OTT_A_272292 10173..10184

1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weifang NO.2 People’s Hospital, 2Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 4Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 7Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Objective: Cervical cancer is one of the most common female malignancies worldwide and represents a major global health challenge. The fast growth of tumor and high rates of metastasis still lead to a poor prognosis of cervical cancer patients. It is urgent to clarify the mechanism and identify predictive biomarkers for the treatment of cervical cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been identified in cervical cancer and are related to malignant phenotypes of cervical cancer cells. However, the roles and mechanism of LncRNA deleted in lymphocytic leukemia (DLEU2) in the tumorigenesis and progression of cervical cancer remain unknown. Materials and Methods: qPCR was performed to analyze the expression of DLEU2, Cyclin D1, CDK4, Bax, Bcl2 and mi-128-3p. Western blot was performed to detect the cell cycle hallmarks expression. CCK8 was used to examine cell proliferation. Cellular apoptosis was analyzed by Hoechst 33,258 staining and AV/PI staining with flow cytometry. Cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry. The xenograft model in nude mice was used to elucidate the function of DLEU2 in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay were proceeded to clarify whether miR-128-3p directly binds with lncRNA DLEU2. Pull-down assay and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation assay were used for exploring the relationship between DLEU2 and miR-128-3p. Results: We demonstrated that DLEU2 was upregulated in cervical cancer tumor tissues. Downregulation of DLEU2 inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase of cervical cancer cells in vitro, and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Further, LncRNA DLEU2 is one of the targets of miR-128-3p. miR-128-3p inhibitor abrogated the cell proliferation suppressed by knockdown of DLEU2, apoptosis induced by knockdown of DLEU2 and reversed the expression of cell cycle hallmarks regulated by knockdown of DLEU2. Conclusion: Taken together, these results suggested knockdown of DLEU2 inhibited cervical cancer progression via targeting miR-128-3p.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Motion Planning for Multi-Contact Visual Servoing on Humanoid Robots

—This paper describes the implementation of a motion generation pipeline motivated by vision for a TALOS humanoid robot. From a starting conﬁguration and given a set of visual features and their desired values, the problem is to ﬁnd a motion which makes the robot reach the desired values of the visual features. In order to achieve a feasible Gazebo simulation with the targeted robot, we had to use a multicontact planner, a Differential Dynamic Programming (DDP) algorithm, and a stabilizer. The multicontact planner provides a set of contacts and dynamically consistent trajectories for the Center-Of-Mass (CoM) and the Center-Of-Pressure (CoP). It provides a structure to initialize a DDP algorithm which, in turn, provides a dynamically consistent trajectory for all the joints as it integrates all the dynamics of the robot, together with rigid contact models and the visual task. Tested on Gazebo the resulting trajectory had to be stabilized with a state-of-the-art algorithm to be successful.
Comparing the effects of single and metronomic treatment with cyclophosphamide on liver and kidney functions in mice

: Several anticancer agents including cyclophosphamide (CTX) were tested in the preclinical settings for preconditioning the host for adaptive cell immunotherapy. This study aims to compare the effect of treatment with a metronomic and a single dose of CTX on the liver and kidney functions. Forty-eight male albino mice (CD1) were divided into 3 groups (n = 16/group) as following; group one (Gp1) which served as a control, group 2 (Gp2) was injected with a metronomic dose of CTX (40 mg/kg/day for 5 consecutive days) and group 3 (Gp3) was injected with a single dose of CTX (200 mg/kg). After 7 days post treatment, 50% of the mice from each group were sacrificed and the rest of the mice were sacrificed by day 42. Body weights changes and glucose level were assessed weekly until the end of the experiment. Sera were separated for measuring liver function (AST and ALT), and kidney function (urea and creatinine). Due to the treatment with a single dose of CTX (Gp3), a significant decrease in the total body weight was reported after 7 and 42 days as compared to control group (Gp1). Blood glucose levels increased in the group of mice that injected with a single dose of CTX (Gp3) on day 7 post treatment. Interestingly, the glucose level in the group of mice which treated with the metronomic doses of CTX (Gp2) was higher than its level in Gp3 on day 14. The treatment with a single dose of CTX (Gp3) increased the levels of AST, ALT, creatinine, urea, cholesterol and triglycerides when compared with the control group (Gp1). In conclusion, treatment with a metronomic dose of CTX showed less toxic severity on the liver and kidney functions than the treatment with a single dose of CTX
Stress Monitoring based on Wearable Sensors in Everyday Settings THESIS

Monitoring stress levels has become an important part of healthcare systems for physical and mental illnesses. However, current stress monitoring systems have failed to gather personal data in an everyday context. The current state of sensor technology allows us to develop systems measuring the physiological signals, which reflect stress by wearable devices. Therefore, we propose a stress monitoring system that provides an objective daily healthcare based on personal physiological signals: (ECG), photoplethysmogram (PPG), and galvanic skin response (GSR). We use the wearable devices, Shimmer3 ECG, Shimmer3 GSR+ and Empatica E4 Wristband, to monitor stress ubiquitously. We perform controlled stress experiments on 17 participants and the system successfully detects stress with a 94.55% accuracy for 10-fold cross-validation and an 85.71% accuracy for subject-wise cross-validation. In everyday settings, the system assesses stress with an 81.82% accuracy. We also examine whether motion artifacts affect stress assessment.
Association Between Different Obesity Patterns and the Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Adults in Eastern China: A Cross-Sectional Study Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy

Purpose: Obesity has become a public health challenge worldwide and can lead to the development of diabetes. However, studies examining the associations between different obesity patterns and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in China are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the associations between three obesity patterns and the risk of T2DM development in Eastern China. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at our health examination center, invol-ving 5860 adults, from June to December 2019. Data, including sociodemographic information, lifestyle, and biochemical measurements, were collected, and obesity was classified into three patterns: overweight and general obesity, abdominal obesity, and compound obesity. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the associations between different obesity patterns and T2DM risk after adjustment for confounding factors. Subgroup analysis was used to further explore the associations between obesity patterns and T2DM risk. Results: A total of 5860 subjects were enrolled in this study. A significant difference in the T2DM incidence was observed between men and women with normal weight or overweight and general obesity ( p < 0.05); however, no significant differences were observed between men and women with abdominal obesity and compound obesity. After multivariable adjustment, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratios (ORs) [95% confidence interval (CI)] for T2DM in individuals with abdominal and compound obesity were 1.55 [1.08–2.24] and 1.85 [1.25–2.73], respectively, compared with the normal-weight group. Subgroup analysis showed that different obesity patterns were not independent risk factors for T2DM development among adults aged ≥ 60 years, whereas abdominal and compound obesity were highly associated with the risk of T2DM development among individuals who report current smoking or alcohol drinking. Conclusion: Abdominal obesity and compound obesity are risk factors for T2DM. More attention should be paid to obesity prevention among individuals younger than 60 years and improving control of cigarette and alcohol abuse.
Cell-Mediated Tumor Immunity Antigen Localization Controls T

Effective antitumor immunotherapy requires the identiﬁcation of suitable target Ags. Interestingly, many of the tumor Ags used in clinical trials are present in preparations of secreted tumor vesicles (exosomes). In this study, we compared T cell responses elicited by murine MCA101 ﬁbrosarcoma tumors expressing a model Ag at different localizations within the tumor cell in association with secreted vesicles (exosomes), as a nonsecreted cell-associated protein, or as secreted soluble protein. Remarkably, we demonstrated that only the tumor-secreting vesicle-bound Ag elicited a strong Ag-speciﬁc CD8 + T cell response, CD4 + T cell help, Ag-speciﬁc Abs, and a decrease in the percentage of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells in the tumor. Moreover, in a therapeutic tumor model of cryoablation, only in tumors secreting vesicle-bound Ag could Ag-speciﬁc CD8 + T cells still be detected up to 16 d after therapy. We concluded that the localization of an Ag within the tumor codetermines whether a robust immunostimulatory response is elicited. In vivo, vesicle-bound Ag clearly skews toward a more immunogenic phenotype, whereas soluble or cell-associated Ag expression cannot prevent or even delay outgrowth and results in tumor tolerance. This may explain why particular immunotherapies based on these vesicle-bound tumor Ags are potentially successful. Therefore, we conclude that this study may have signiﬁcant implications in the discovery of new tumor Ags suitable for immunotherapy
Performance Enhancement of the Oscillating Wave Surge Converter by a Breakwater

The present study is motivated by recent results showing that an Oscillating Wave Surge Converter (OWSC) located near a straight coast can achieve much higher levels of efficiency than one in the open ocean. The aim is to analyse, using a three-dimensional mathematical model, whether a breakwater of finite width can replicate such performance features. Results show that a breakwater can significantly enhance the performance of an OWSC when located very close to it. A random sea analysis reveals that the new OWSC-breakwater hybrid model can be highly effective in locations with high occurrence of low sea states.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES FOR MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION IN PORT HARCOURT, RIVERS STATE

The re-emergence and increase in the prevalence of tuberculosis cases and multidrug resistant strains is of public health concern. The aim of this study was to compare some diagnostic techniques for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. A total of one hundred and eighty-two (182) sputum samples were collected from patients including children, teenagers and adults suspected to be infected with tuberculosis (TB) who were visiting the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Choba. The samples were transported in cold chain with triple packaging system to be processed in a biosafety level two with level three practices laboratory in South-South Tuberculosis Zonal Reference Laboratory in Port Harcourt using Acid Fast Bacilli microscopy, Rapid Diagnostic Technique (RDT) and GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay. Whole Blood samples were also collected from participants for RDT. The present study showed a prevalence of 31.5% MTB positive cases among the studied population using AFB or GeneXpert. Positive MTB with rifampicin resistance was 65% while rifampicin sensitive was 35%. AFB microscopy of 20.3% showed scanty MTB positive (+) while 10.1% were moderately MTB (++) positive and, 1.1% of the tested population showed a heavy MTB (+++) infection. The positive predictive value of Ziehl-Neelsen microscopy from this study stood at 100% as against 8.0% for RDT. The results showed higher TB prevalence in males than in females. Conclusively, GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay is highly sensitive and specific in the detection of MTB and Rifampicin Resistance. The short turnaround time enhance prompt patient management and controls the transmission of the disease. It is therefore recommended that the MTB/RIF assay be emphasized as point of care test over RDT and AFB microscopy.