Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reference ITS Architectures in Europe

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are complex systems which require a systematic basis for their planning and deployment processes. In view of this need, the European ITS Framework Architecture (FRAME) was set up to support ITS development and to foster their roll‐out at the Member States by facilitating system integration, fostering inter­ operability, avoiding vendor lock‐in situations and promoting the standardization of f unctionalities, interfaces and data models. The fast technological evolution and the growing interest in Cooperative Systems based on V2X communications unveiled new requirements uncovered by the existing architectures, leading to alternative approaches by certain research projects, which ended in an extended version of the FRAME architecture and complementary standardization processes to fulfil the needs posed by the connected vehicles and road infrastructures. This chapter will outline the reference architectures conceived for ITS planning and deployment in Europe, their evolution through the inputs provided by major ITS projects and initiatives and some experiences from the authors when facing the definition of ITS architec­ tures through our involvement in research projects, by following different approaches.
Berberine Modulates Macrophage Activation by Inducing Glycolysis

Classical activation of macrophage and monocyte differentiation induced by β-glucan is accompanied with metabolic change in glucose. However, the role of the metabolic rewiring in monocyte/macrophage activation remains elusive. In this study, we show that berberine induces aerobic glycolysis by blocking the tricarboxylic acid cycle and modulates cytokine responses in bone marrow–derived macrophages (BMDMs) from mice and human PBMC. 13-Methyberberine had activities on glucose metabolism and BMDM activation similar to those of berberine, whereas other tested derivatives lost both activities. Glucose transporter (GLUT)1 expression and total cellular hexokinase activity increased gradually in BMDMs in the presence of berberine. In the contrast, LPS upregulated GLUT1 and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) levels in 6 h. Extracellular glucose levels and replacing glucose with galactose in culture medium affected the cytokine secretion of BMDMs. Berberine alleviated enteritis of Salmonella typhimurium infection and protected mice against endotoxic shock. In mice i.p. injected with LPS, the increase of serum TNF-α and the drop of blood glucose were attenuated by berberine treatment. These data together demonstrated that macrophage activation was closely related with glucose metabolism. Key Points Berberine induces aerobic glycolysis and expression of GLUT1/HK2 in BMDMs. Berberine priming increases cytokine secretion by BMDMs triggered with LPS. Berberine alleviates Salmonella typhimurium enteritis and endotoxic shock.
Meeting men’s mental health needs during COVID-19 and beyond: a global health imperative

Correspondence to Dr Ann Gottert; agottert@ popcouncil. org © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Reuse permitted under CC BYNC. No commercial reuse. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. The COVID19 pandemic has produced a global mental health crisis whose scope and severity are becoming increasingly apparent. 2 While women and girls, men and boys, are all affected, we argue that the crisis among men warrants close attention given potential impacts on global public health, as well as the unique and gendered responses required to meet men’s needs. As researchers focused on men and masculinities, we have seen how men’s mental health and wellbeing can affect outcomes across the areas of genderbased violence (GBV), sexual and reproductive health (SRH), HIV and AIDS, and maternal and child health. Men’s mental health issues and illnesses contribute to poverty and the stress of poverty, and unhealthy coping mechanisms—especially substance abuse and violence—have cascading consequences for men themselves and the people around them. 5 These factors, in turn, cause poor SRH, family planning, maternal mental health and child nutrition. Moreover, men are less likely than women to seek help for mental health concerns, which can also be more difficult to detect. Our analysis of data from the COVID19 Trends and Impact Survey paints an alarming picture of the scale of the problem among men worldwide. Online serial crosssectional surveys were conducted with over 12 million Facebook users aged 18 years and older in 115 countries (with sampling weights applied to increase representativeness of the adult population in each country), from May 2021 to September 2021. Results showed that on average across countries, 36·8% of men reported feelings of depression (figure 1), and 33·8% reported feelings of anxiety. In addition, 43·9% and 67·5% reported worrying about food insecurity and household finances, respectively. For each indicator, prevalence was markedly higher among younger men and steadily decreased among successively older age groups. For example, 44·0% of 18–24yearold men worldwide reported feelings of anxiety, compared with 22·8% among ages 55 years and older. Prevalence also varied substantially between countries—reported feelings of depression, for instance, ranged from 18·2% in Denmark to 64·2% in Turkey (figure 1). Of note, women also experienced a high (and similar) prevalence for each indicator. The data further suggest that many men consider mental health a priority and are asking for support. Men ranked ‘How to maintain my mental health’ among the top COVID19related topics they wanted more information about (global mean 30·2%; 12·6%–46·1% across countries)—alongside COVID19 variants (37·0%) and treatment (35·9%). Recognition of the burgeoning crisis among men—and gaps in available resources—is Summary box
Molecular detection of a novel perkinsid associated with the deep‐sea clam Phreagena okutanii

Based on environmental DNA surveys, it is widely held that phylogenetically diverse protists exist in chemosynthetic ecosystems. However, knowledge regarding the protists associated with the endemic animals inhabiting these environments is still very limited. In the present study, utilizing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques, we detected fragments of the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal RNA genes from a particular protist in the gills of the vesicomyid clam Phreagena okutanii (formerly described as Calyptogena okutanii), a representative animal in chemosynthetic ecosystems. Based on the phylogeny of the SSU rRNA gene, the organism in question belongs to the genus Perkinsus, which is exclusively composed of protistan parasites infecting mollusks. Intriguingly, based on the ITS phylogeny, this protist was not related to any known Perkinsus species and was deeply branched within the radiation of this genus, thus represents an undescribed species. In addition, the protist detected by PCR was localized to the intercellular spaces in the gills of the host clam with fluorescence in situ hybridization. Although the ecological significance of this novel deep‐sea perkinsid remains unclear, our present findings may provide important insights into the diversity of the genus Perkinsus.
Potential application of Spirulinain dermatology

Spirulinais an edible cyanobacterium known worldwide for its high nutritional value, and the interest in its biological activity and bioactive compounds, such as pigments, phenolics, peptides, and lipids, has been increasing. Due to the variety of its properties, the potential application of Spirulina in health is wide, including dermatological area. In a context of increasing demand for natural products and actives in cosmetics, this microorganism becomes a great source. This article aims to review what has already been reported in literature about the potential effects of Spirulina or its isolated compounds in skin, for either aesthetic or clinical purposes. In many studies, Spirulina and its components show a good influence in proliferation of dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes, extracellular matrix, and collagen production, as well as exerting antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory action. Thus, they promote a healthy environment for skin's cells and structure, cooperating for the highlighted anti‐aging, photoprotection, and wound‐healing effects. Some compounds of the cyanobacterium also exert a lighting property through tyrosinase inhibition. Its antimicrobial action can also be advantageous to skin contributing to anti‐acne, antibiofilm, and anti‐herpes effects. In face of many attributes and due to its rich composition, Spirulina presents multi‐benefits and shows an improvement in the general aspect of skin. However, some applications are still in need of studying and more clinical evidence is necessary.
Periodontal Stem Cells Synthesize Maresin Conjugate in Tissue Regeneration 3

Periodontal disease is a significant public health problem worldwide. Excess unresolved chronic inflammation destroys the periodontal tissues that surround and support the teeth, and efforts to control inflammation by removal of bacterial deposits on the teeth have limited long-term impact. Likewise, procedures aimed at regeneration of the periodontal tissues have shown limited success. Recent advances in stem cell research have shown promising novel prospects for the use of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in tissue regeneration; however, control of inflammation remains a barrier. Human PDLSCs have been shown to release specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs) that modulate the immune response and promote resolution of inflammation, tissue repair, and regeneration. Studies on stem cell biology in periodontology have also been limited by the lack of a good large animal model. Herein, we describe PDLSC biology of the Yorkshire pig (pPDLSCs). pPDLSCs were isolated and characterized. Using lipid mediator profiling, we demonstrate for the first time that pPDLSCs biosynthesize cysteinyl-containing SPMs (cys-SPMs), specifically, maresin conjugates in tissue regeneration 3 (MCTR3) and its authentication using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. The exogenous addition of the n-3 precursor docosahexaenoic acid enhances MCTR3 biosynthesis. Using immunocytochemistry, we show that pPDLSCs express 4 of the SPM biosynthetic pathway enzymes necessary for SPM biosynthesis, including 5-lipoxygenase, 12-lipoxygenase, and 15-lipoxygenase-1. In addition, we identified and quantified the cytokine/chemokine profile of pPDLSCs using a 13-plex immunology multiplex assay and found that the pretreatment of pPDLSCs with MCTR3 in an inflammatory environment reduced the production of acute and chronic proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines. Together, these results suggest that enhancing resolution of inflammation pathways and mediators may be a possible key early event in predictable periodontal regeneration.
The Unmet Challenge of Diagnosing and Treating Photophobia

Background: Although patients with abnormal light sensitivity may present to an ophthalmologist or optometrist for the evaluation of photophobia, there are no previous reviews of the most common causes of this symptom. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients who presented to our eye center between 2001 and 2009 primarily for the evaluation of photophobia. We recorded demographics, ocular examination findings, and diagnoses of these patients. Results: Our population included 58 women and 53 men. The mean age at presentation to the clinic was 37 years (range 6 months–94 years). The most frequent cause of photophobia was migraine headache (53.7%), followed by dry eye syndrome (36.1), ocular trauma (8.2%), progressive supranuclear palsy (6.8%), and traumatic brain injury (4.1%). A significant proportion of patients (25.9%) left the clinic without a cause for their photophobia documented by the examining physician (11.7% of adults and 69.4% of children). Conclusions: Photophobia affects patients of all ages, and many patients are left without a specific diagnosis, indicating a significant knowledge gap among ophthalmologists and optometrists evaluating these patients.
Contrast‐agent‐free state‐of‐the‐art MRI on cerebral small vessel disease—part 1. ASL, IVIM, and CVR

Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD), a common cause of stroke and dementia, is traditionally considered the small vessel equivalent of large artery occlusion or rupture that leads to cortical and subcortical brain damage. Microvessel endothelial dysfunction can also contribute to it. Brain imaging, including MRI, is useful to show the presence of lesions of several types, although the association between conventional MRI measures and clinical features of cSVD is not always concordant. We assessed the additional contribution of contrast‐agent‐free, state‐of‐the‐art MRI techniques such as arterial spin labeling (ASL), diffusion tensor imaging, functional MRI, and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) applied to cSVD in the existing literature. We performed a review following the PICO Worksheet and Search Strategy, including original papers in English, published between 2000 and 2022. For each MRI method, we extracted information about their contributions, in addition to those established with traditional MRI methods and related information about the origins, pathology, markers, and clinical outcomes in cSVD. This paper presents the first part of the review, which includes 37 studies focusing on ASL, IVIM, and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) measures. In general, they have shown that, in addition to white matter hyperintensities, alterations in other neuroimaging parameters such as blood flow and CVR also indicate the presence of cSVD. Such quantitative parameters were also related to cSVD risk factors. Therefore, they are promising, noninvasive tools to explore questions that have not yet been clarified about this clinical condition. However, protocol standardization is essential to increase their clinical use.
A Comparative Study of the Energy-Saving Controllers for Automotive Air-Conditioning/Refrigeration Systems

With the extensive application of air-conditioning/refrigeration (A/ C-R) systems in homes, industry, and vehicles, many efforts have been put toward the controller development for A/C-R systems. Therefore, this paper proposes an energy-saving model predictive controller (MPC) via a comparative study of several control approaches that could be applied in automotive A/C-R systems. The on/off controller is first presented and used as a basis to compare with others. The conventional proportional-integral (PI) as well as a set-point controller follows. In the set-point controller, the sliding mode control (SMC) strategies are also employed. Then, the MPC is elaborated upon. Finally, the simulation and experimental results under the same scenario are compared to demonstrate how the advanced MPC can bring more benefits in terms of performance and energy saving (10%) over the conventional controllers. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4034505]
Parametric Study on the tendency of Stiffness Variation using Variable Stiffness Mechanism

Abstract In general, a system can be stable when it is designed with a rigid material. However, the use of a rigid system can be limited, such as grasping a glass or using a small surgical instrument. To resolve this limitation, a variable stiffness mechanism was developed using a flexible material. Previous research verified the variable stiffness mechanism where flexible segments and rigid segments were connected alternately in series. However, research into the design parameters of the variable stiffness structure is needed to satisfy the desired stiffness. Therefore, a variable stiffness structure was tested by varying the design parameters to confirm the trend of the stiffness variation. When the radius of the structure becomes larger, the stiffness increases. The stiffness increased with decreasing length of the flexible segments. Under the same design parameters, the length of the flexible segments had a greater effect on the stiffness than the length of the rigid segments. In addition, the stiffness was estimated using the pseudo rigid body model and was compared with the experimental results. This parametric study can be used as a design guideline for designing the variable stiffness mechanism to satisfy the desired stiffness.
Case of repeated apnoea and infections in a premature infant Case of repeated apnoea and infections in a premature infant

activated dendritic cells, fail to provide adequate activation signals for full development of T cells. New experimental insights using a mouse model, an additional mechanism contributing to a lack of Th1 responses in the neonatal mouse has been identiﬁed and may be present in humans. Neonatal Th1 T cells express a unique receptor for interleukin 4 (IL-4) that induces programmed cell death (apoptosis) when stimulated by IL-4 which is abundantly secreted by activated neonatal Th2T cells. Abstract Lee et al. Delayed maturation of an IL-12-producing dendritic cell subset explains the early Th2 bias in neonatal immunity. J.exp. med;205;10;2269-2280 Link to Abstract Englund JA. (2007). The inﬂuence of maternal immunization on infant immune responses. , J.Comp.Path. 137;S16-S19 Link to Abstract
Effect of pressure and temperature on interfacial breakdown between two dielectric surfaces

Breakdown experiments were performed on slices of EPDM rubber pressed one against the other. To achieve this, an experimental jig was designed so as to induce breakdown between the two slices, longitudinally along their interface. Effects of interfacial pressure and of the presence of silicone grease at the interface are taken into account. Breakdown voltages are given for AC measurements. The authors illustrate how deformations, due to high-temperature operation, can occur in a cable joint. A relationship is also established between this deformation and the joint interfacial pressure, which in turns affects the interfacial dielectric strength. It is concluded that the dielectric strength of an EPDM/EPDM interface is greatly affected by the interfacial pressure. Moreover, the presence of silicone grease both improves (at low pressure) and limits, even if the interfacial pressure is increased (above 50 kPa), the dielectric strength of EPDM/EPDM interfaces. <<ETX>>
Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) for Agricultural Sustainability Assessment

Multi Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT), Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations (PROMETHEE) and Elimination methods of Multi-Criteria Decision analysis (MCDA) are tested to assess and compare the sustainability of different agricultural systems. Indicators and composite indicators are derived from data gathered using the agricultural sustainability categories of Productivity, Stability, Efficiency, Durability, Compatibility and Equity (PSEDCE). Agricultural systems around the world face challenges from current agricultural practices, over-exploitation of natural resources, population growth and climate change. As a result, understanding agricultural sustainability has become a global issue. Assessment is a first step in benchmarking and tracking agricultural sustainability and can support related policy and programmes. This thesis applied the PSEDCE categories to understand more about the complexities inherent to agricultural sustainability assessment. Agricultural sustainability assessment (ASA) requires a wide variety of ecological, economic and social information with various methods. In the first part of this thesis, a systematic analysis of the scientific soundness and user-friendliness of eight ASA approaches revealed that MCDA based ASA is the preferred holistic method. MCDA can take into account both qualitative and quantitative indicators of all dimensions of sustainability and analyze them to draw a comprehensive picture. As a multifaceted, complex issue, agricultural sustainability assessment is well-suited to MCDA, which is able to handle large data sets including stakeholders’ perspectives. Given that it is a relatively new analysis procedure in the study of agriculture, only a few researchers have applied this technique to measure sustainability. Considering these findings, three MCDA methods, MAUT, PROMETHEE and Elimination, were tested to measure the relative sustainability of five agricultural systems in coastal Bangladesh. To investigate the performance of MAUT, PROMETHEE, and Elimination, a total of 50 indicators from agricultural sustainability categories of PSEDCE were tested. From these 50 indicators, 15 composite indicators were developed through proportionate normalization and hybrid aggregation rules of arithmetic mean and geometric mean. The 15 composite indicators were used in MAUT and PROMETHEE analysis, and the 50 indicators were used in Elimination analysis. The analyses show that MAUT is able to aggregate diverse information and stakeholders’ perspectives to generate a robust score that enables a comparison of sustainability across the different agricultural systems. PROMETHEE is a non-compensatory approach that can also accommodate a variety of information and provide thresholds for ranking relative agricultural sustainability for each of the five agricultural systems. Elimination ranks the sustainability of agricultural systems through a set of straightforward decision rules expressed in the form of “if … then …” conditions. Elimination appears to be quick and…
SEQUENTIAL APPROACH TO IMPROVE THE ACCURACY OF 3D PRINTED DENTAL IMPLANTS SURGICAL GUIDES

Objective: To test the accuracy of implant sites drilled using 3D printed sleeve-free surgical guides made following a stepped approach directed to reduce the accumulative errors during the manufacturing process. Material and methods: Twelve 3D printed surgical guides were constructed to plan twenty-four implants’ drilling sites. The desktop 3D printer building platform was leveled. Layer normal exposure time and guide hole tolerance calibration were done. The predrilled casts were scanned, and the 3D models were exported as STL files. The surgical guides were designed, printed, and solidified according to the calibrated parameters. The drilled casts were scanned with the drill bit in the prepared site, and the exported STL post-drilling models were analyzed to measure the linear and the angular deviations of the drilled sites. The results were compared to the findings of previous studies. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the coronal linear and angular deviation were 0.155 ± 0.095 mm and 1.129 ± 0.323°, respectively. The mean and standard deviation of the apical linear deviation at 5, 10, 15, and 20mm implant lengths were 0.246 ± 0.106 mm, 0.338 ± 0.125 mm, 0.429 ± 0.149 mm, and 0.520 ± 0.176 mm, respectively. The means and standard deviations were lower than that of the compared studies. Conclusion: Addressing several errors during the manufacture of sleeve-free surgical guides reduces the degree of linear and angular deviation of the drilled implant sites.
Toward The Coherently Fittable Security

: Network operators and end-users think that complex procedures are required to achieve security. For example, they are boundary defenses such as Firewall and IPS/IDS and software installation as endpoint security. Indeed, to achieve (cid:12)rm security, the operation becomes complexity, and convenience for the user becomes reduced. In this report, we de(cid:12)ne "Coherently Fittable Security" as the security system to achieve both protection of privacy and convenience for users by minimum personalized security features. At (cid:12)rst, to clarify issues of realization of this system, we introduce the whole architecture of this system. Also, we show essential partial studies which solve the issues.