Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Megaparsec-scale Radio Structure Associated with a Hybrid Blazar SBS B1646+499: Episodic Jet Activity with Precessing Axis

Here we report on the total-intensity 610 MHz Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope (GMRT) observations of the peculiar hybrid blazar SBS B1646+499, which merges the properties of BL Lacertae objects and flat-spectrum radio quasars. The complex radio structure of SBS B1646+499, emerging from the archival radio data and our new GMRT observations, consists of the megaparsec-scale elongated halo, the unilateral kiloparsec-scale jet, and the nuclear jet extending up to ∼20 pc from the compact core. The giant halo is characterized by a steep radio spectrum, indicative of the advanced aging of the electron population within the lobes. For the large-scale jet, we detected a spectral gradient along and across the outflow, and in particular spectral flattening of the radio continuum toward the jet edges, suggestive of the spine-boundary shear layer morphology. The nuclear jet displays superluminal knots emerging from the self-absorbed and variable radio core. We interpret all these findings in the framework of the model of an episodic jet activity with a precessing jet axis.
The European Large Area ISO Survey III: 90micron extragalactic source counts

We present results and source counts at 90 µm extracted from the Preliminary Analysis of the European Large Area ISO Survey (ELAIS). The survey covered about 11.6deg 2 of the sky in four main areas and was carried out with the PHOT instrument onboard the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). The survey is at least an order of magnitude deeper than the IRAS 100 µm survey and is expected to provide constraints on the formation and evolution of galaxies. The majority of the detected sources are associated with galaxies on optical images. In some cases the optical associations are interacting pairs or small groups of galaxies suggesting the sample may include a signiﬁcant fraction of luminous infrared galaxies. The source counts extracted from a reliable subset of the detected sources are in agreement with strongly evolving models of the starburst galaxy population.
A Spectroscopic Census of X-Ray Systems in the COSMOS Field

We investigate spectroscopic properties of galaxy systems identified based on deep X-ray observations in the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) field. The COSMOS X-ray system catalog we use includes 180 X-ray systems to a limiting flux of , an order of magnitude deeper than the future e-ROSITA survey. We identify spectroscopic members of these X-ray systems based on the spectroscopic catalog constructed by compiling various spectroscopic surveys including 277 new measurements; 146 X-ray systems are spectroscopically identified groups with more than three spectroscopic members. We identify 2196 spectroscopic redshifts of member candidates in these X-ray systems. The X-ray luminosity (LX)–velocity dispersion ( ) scaling relation of the COSMOS X-ray systems is consistent with that of massive X-ray clusters. One of the distinctive features of the COSMOS survey is that it covers the X-ray luminosity range where poor groups overlap the range for extended emission associated with individual quiescent galaxies. We assess the challenges posed by the complex morphology of the distribution of systems with low X-ray luminosity, including groups and individual quiescent galaxies, in the Lx–σv plane.
Torsion as a dynamic degree of freedom of quantum gravity

The gauge approach to gravity based on the local Lorentz group with a general independent affine connection Aμcd is developed. We consider SO(1, 3) gauge theory with a Lagrangian quadratic in curvature as a simple model of quantum gravity. The torsion is proposed to represent a dynamic degree of freedom of quantum gravity at scales above the Planckian energy. The Einstein–Hilbert theory is induced as an effective theory due to quantum corrections of torsion via generating a stable gravito-magnetic condensate. We conjecture that torsion possesses an intrinsic quantum nature and can be confined.
Lower limit on the entropy of black holes as inferred from gravitational wave observations

Black hole (BH) thermodynamics was established by Bekenstein and Hawking, who made abstract theoretical arguments about the second law of thermodynamics and quantum theory in curved spacetime respectively. Testing these ideas experimentally has, so far, been impractical because the putative flux of Hawking radiation from astrophysical BHs is too small to be distinguished from the rest of the hot environment. Here, it is proposed that the spectrum of emitted gravitational waves (GWs) after the merger of two BHs, in particular the spectrum of GW150914, can be used to infer a lower limit on the magnitude of the entropy of the postmerger BH. This lower bound is potentially significant as it could be of the same order as the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. To infer this limit, we first assume that the result of the merger is an ultracompact object with an external geometry which is Schwarzschild or Kerr, but with an outer surface which is capable of reflecting in-falling GWs rather than fully absorbing them. If the absence of deviations from the predictions of general relativity in detected GW signals will be verified, we will then obtain a bound on the minimal redshift factor of GWs that emerge from the vicinity of the object’s surface. This lack of deviations would also mean that the remnant of the merger has to have a strongly absorbing surface and must then be a BH for all practical purposes. We conclude that a relationship between the minimal redshift factor and the BH entropy, which was first proposed by ’t Hooft, could then be used to set a lower bound on the entropy of the postmerger BH.
CATALOGS OF COMPACT GROUPS OF GALAXIES FROM THE ENHANCED SDSS DR12

We apply a friends-of-friends algorithm to an enhanced SDSS DR12 spectroscopic catalog, including redshift from the literature to construct a catalog of 1588 compact groups of galaxies containing 5178 member galaxies and covering the redshift range 0.01 < z < 0.19. This catalog contains 18 times as many systems and reaches 3 times the depth of the similar catalog of Barton et al. We construct catalogs from both magnitude-limited and volume-limited galaxy samples. Like Barton et al. we omit the frequently applied isolation criterion in the compact group selection algorithm. Thus the groups selected by fixed projected spatial and rest-frame line-of-sight velocity separation produce a catalog of groups with a redshift-independent median size. In contrast to previous catalogs, the enhanced SDSS DR12 catalog (including galaxies with r < 14.5) includes many systems with z ≲ 0.05. The volume-limited samples are unique to this study. The compact group candidates in these samples have a median stellar mass independent of redshift. Groups with velocity dispersion ≲100 show abundant evidence for ongoing dynamical interactions among the members. The number density of the volume-limited catalogs agrees with previous catalogs at the lowest redshifts but decreases as the redshift increases. The SDSS fiber placement constraints limit the catalog’s completeness. In spite of this issue, the volume-limited catalogs provide a promising basis for detailed spatially resolved probes of the impact of galaxy–galaxy interactions within similar dense systems over a broad redshift range.
Statistical Probes of Reionization with 21 Centimeter Tomography

We consider the degree to which 21 cm tomography of the high-redshift universe can distinguish different ionization histories. Using a new analytic model for the size distribution of H II regions that associates these ionized bubbles with large-scale galaxy overdensities, we compute the angular power spectrum and other statistical properties of the 21 cm brightness temperature during reionization. We show that the H II regions imprint features on the power spectrum that allow us to separate histories with discrete bubbles from those with partial uniform ionization (by, for example, X-rays). We also show that "double reionization" scenarios will modify the morphology of the bubbles in ways that depend on the mechanism through which the first generation of sources shuts off. If, for example, the transition occurs globally at a fixed redshift, the first generation imprints a persistent feature on the 21 cm power spectrum. Finally, we compare our model to one in which voids are ionized first. While the power spectra of these two models are qualitatively similar, we show that the underlying distributions of neutral hydrogen differ dramatically and suggest that other statistical tests can distinguish them. The next generation of low-frequency radio telescopes will have the sensitivity to distinguish all of these models and strongly constrain the history and morphology of reionization.
National Institutes of Health Pathways to PreventionWorkshop : The Role of Opioids in the Treatment of Chronic Pain

This National Institutes of Health (NIH) Pathways to Prevention Workshop was cosponsored by the NIH Office of Disease Prevention (ODP), the NIH Pain Consortium, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. A multidisciplinary working group developed the workshop agenda, and an evidence-based practice center prepared an evidence report through a contract with the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality to facilitate the workshop discussion. During the 1.5-day workshop, invited experts discussed the body of evidence, and attendees had opportunities to provide comments during open discussion periods. After weighing evidence from the evidence report, expert presentations, and public comments, an unbiased, independent panel prepared a draft report that identified research gaps and future research priorities. The report was posted on the ODP Web site for 2 weeks for public comment. This article is an abridged version of the panel's full report, which is available at https: //prevention.nih. gov/programs-events/pathways-to-prevention /workshops/opioids-chronic-pain/workshop-resources#final report.
Tuning the magnetocrystalline anisotropy in RCoPO by means of R substitution: A ferromagnetic resonance study

We report on broad-band electron-spin resonance measurements performed within the itinerant ferromagnetic phase of RCoPO (R = La, Pr, Nd, and Sm). We reveal that the R substitution is highly effective in gradually introducing a sizable easy-plane magnetocrystalline anisotropy within the Co sublattice. We explain our results in terms of a subtle interplay of structural effects and of indirect interactions between the f and d orbitals from R and Co, respectively. Our observations provide interesting information on the crucial role of R ions in affecting the electronic properties of the CoP layers, of possible interest also for the isostructural FeAs-based family of high-T-c superconductors.
BPNN's Empirical Analysis of Daily Rupiah Exchange Rate Volatility Utilizing Hidden Neuron Optimization

The exchange rate is the greatest financial market in its application. As a result, traders, investors, and other money market participants must be aware of the movement of currency exchange rate data. The fluctuation, or rise and fall, of currency exchange rates reveals the level of volatility in a country. The Backpropagation Neural Network is one of the models that can grasp the features of currency exchange rates (BPNN). BPNN is made up of three layers: input, hidden, and output, and each layer contains neurons. One of the challenges in designing a BPNN network architecture is determining the ideal number of hidden layer neurons. In this work, ten methodologies will be utilized to determine the number of hidden neurons; the ten approaches provide distinct empirical results in accordance with the goal of this study, which is to perform an empirical analysis of currency exchange rates by maximizing the number of hidden neurons. Empirical results reveal that the approach for calculating the number of hidden neurons performs well in terms of MAE and MSE. For the following seven periods, the best approach is used to forecast the Rupiah exchange rate.
Stability Analysis in Mixed-Autonomous Traffic With Deep Reinforcement Learning

The emergence of autonomous driving vehicles on roads has increased the importance of research on autonomous driving in mixed-autonomous traffic. In mixed-autonomous traffic scenarios, it is necessary to comprehend the instability of autonomous vehicles and traffic flow corresponding to the uncertainty level in human-driven behaviors. However, studies of stability analysis in deep reinforcement learning are limited. This study focuses on the impact of deep reinforcement learning based autonomous vehicles in mixed-autonomous traffic from the stability perspective. We define the policy instability and traffic flow instabilities using the entropy of the velocity distributions to quantitatively measure the instability of an autonomous vehicle. Subsequently, we provide mathematical analyses to explain logarithmic growth patterns of instability. Moreover, we propose a novel deep reinforcement learning approach that jointly determines discrete and continuous actions under partial observation. To verify the proposed solution, we perform extensive simulations of various traffic scenarios (e.g., increasing traffic volumes, increasing the number of autonomous vehicles on the road, and setting the multiple uncertainty levels for human-driven behaviors) with ablation studies on reward function. Moreover, we analyze instabilities when human-driven vehicles are modeled using the human-like noisy controller and a policy that imitates actual human-driving data based on imitation learning. The simulation results support the theoretical analysis and confirm that the proposed method is stabler compared to a conventional control-theoretic approach.
Spectroscopic study of two new super Li-rich red clump K giants

In this paper, we report the discovery of two new super Li-rich K giants: HD~24960 and TYC~1751-1713-1. Based on high resolution ($R\approx 60,000$) spectroscopy, we have derived Li abundance of A(Li)$\approx$4.0~dex for both stars. Other elemental abundances are normal of typical K giants. Low ratios of [C/N] $\leq$ $-$ 0.25 and $^{12}C/^{13}C \leq10$ suggest that the stars are in upper RGB phase. Further, based on Gaia astrometry and secondary calibrations using Kepler asteroseismic and LAMOST spectroscopic data, we argue that both stars belong to red clump (RC) phase with core He-burning. Results add to half a dozen already known red clump Li-rich K giants, and support the growing evidence that the origin of Li excess in RC giants seems to be associated with either He-flash at the tip of the red giant branch (RGB) or recent planet/ brown dwarf merger events closer to the RGB tip.
Near-infrared observations of star formation and gas flows in the NUGA galaxy NGC 1365

In the framework of understanding the gas and stellar kinematics and their relations to AGNs and galaxy evolution scenarios, we present spatially resolved distributions and kinematics of the stars and gas in the central ∼800 pc radius of the nearby Seyfert galaxy NGC 1365. We obtained H + K- and K-band near-infrared (NIR) integral-field observations from VLT/SINFONI. Our results reveal strong broad and narrow emission-line components of ionized gas (hydrogen recombination lines Paα and Brγ) in the nuclear region, as well as hot dust with a temperature of ∼1300 K, both typical for type-1 AGNs. From MBH − σ* and the broad components of hydrogen recombination lines, we find a black-hole mass of (5 − 10)×106 M⊙. In the central ∼800 pc, we find a hot molecular gas mass of ∼615 M⊙, which corresponds to a cold molecular gas reservoir of (2 − 8)×108 M⊙. However, there is a molecular gas deficiency in the nuclear region. The gas and stellar-velocity maps both show rotation patterns consistent with the large-scale rotation of the galaxy. However, the gaseous and stellar kinematics show deviations from pure disk rotation, which suggest streaming motions in the central < 200 pc and a velocity twist at the location of the ring which indicates deviations in disk and ring rotation velocities in accordance with published CO kinematics. We detect a blueshifted emission line split in Paα, associated with the nuclear region only. We investigate the star-formation properties of the hot spots in the circumnuclear ring which have starburst ages of ≲10 Myr and find indications for an age gradient on the western side of the ring. In addition, our high-resolution data reveal further substructure within this ring which also shows enhanced star forming activity close to the nucleus.
Rooms with Text: A Dataset for Overlaying Text Detection

In this paper, we introduce a new dataset of room interior pictures with overlaying and scene text, totalling to 4836 annotated images in 25 product categories. We provide details on the collection and annotation process of our dataset, and analyze its statistics. Furthermore, we propose a baseline method for overlaying text detection, that leverages the character region-aware text detection framework to guide the classification model. We validate our approach and show its efficiency in terms of binary classification metrics, reaching the final performance of 0.95 F1 score, with false positive and false negative rates of 0.02 and 0.06 correspondingly.
The Role of Input in Language Revitalization: The Case of Lexical Development

Immersion programs have long been considered the gold standard for school-based language revitalization, but surprisingly little attention has been paid to the quantity and quality of the input that they provide to young language learners. Drawing on new data from three such programs (Kaqchikel, Western Subanon, and M ā ori), each with its own particular motivation, objectives, and pedagogical practices, we examine a key component of this revitalization strategy, namely the amount and type of lexical input that children receive. Our findings include previously unknown facts about the number of words that children in these programs hear per hour, the ratio of word tokens to word types, and the skewed frequency distribution of the particular words that make up the input. We discuss our findings with reference both to comparable measures for first language acquisition in a home setting and to their relevance for pedagogical strategies in the classroom.
Reheating-volume measure for random-walk inflation

The recently proposed ``reheating-volume'' (RV) measure promises to solve the long-standing problem of extracting probabilistic predictions from cosmological multiverse scenarios involving eternal inflation. I give a detailed description of the new measure and its applications to generic models of eternal inflation of random-walk type. For those models I derive a general formula for RV-regulated probability distributions that is suitable for numerical computations. I show that the results of the RV cutoff in random-walk type models are always gauge invariant and independent of the initial conditions at the beginning of inflation. In a toy model where equal-time cutoffs lead to the ``youngness paradox,'' the RV cutoff yields unbiased results that are distinct from previously proposed measures.
SÍNTESE DE HIDROCARVÃO A PARTIR DA CASCA DO FRUTO DE BOCAIUVA E SUA APLICAÇÃO NA REMOÇÃO DE DIURON DE ÁGUA CONTAMINADA

Neste estudo, hidrocarvão foi sintetizado a partir da casca do fruto da bocaiuva e aplicado na remoção de diuron de água contaminada por meio do processo de adsorção. A influência do pH inicial da solução, concentração do hidrocarvão, tempo de contato e temperatura no processo de adsorção foram avaliados. O modelo cinético de pseudossegunda ordem e o modelo de isoterma de Langmuir forneceram os melhores ajustes aos dados de adsorção. A capacidade máxima de adsorção foi estimada em 10,06 mg g-1, em pH 4,0 e 30 °C. A energia de ativação calculada pelo modelo de isoterma de Dubinin-Radushkevich foi de 7,805 kJ mol-1, indicando que um processo físico é responsável pela adsorção do diuron no hidrocarvão. Os parâmetros termodinâmicos (ΔH < 0 e ΔG > 0) sugeriram que o processo de adsorção é exotérmico e não espontâneo. Os resultados indicaram que o hidrocarvão derivado da casca do fruto da bocaiuva pode ser um adsorvente alternativo para a remoção de diuron de água. Palavras-chave: adsorção; cinética; modelos de isotermas; estudo termodinâmico. Hydrochar synthesis using bocaiuva fruit peel and its application in diuron removal from contaminated water ABSTRACT: In this study, hydrochar was synthesized using bocaiuva fruit peel for application in diuron removal from contaminated water through adsorption. The influence of the initial pH of the solution, hydrochar concentration, contact time, and temperature on the adsorption process were evaluated. The pseudo-second order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model provided the best fits to the adsorption data. The maximum adsorption capacity was estimated at 10.06 mg g-1, at pH 4.0 and 30 °C. The activation energy calculated by the Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm model was 7.805 kJ mol-1, indicating that a physical process is responsible for the adsorption of diuron on hydrochar. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔH < 0 and ΔG > 0) suggested that the adsorption process is exothermic and not spontaneous. The results indicated that hydrochar could be an alternative adsorbent for removing diuron from water. Keywords: adsorption; kinetic; isotherms models; thermodynamic studies.
mmunomodulatory and toxicological evaluation of the fruit seeds rom Platonia insignis , a native species from Brazilian Amazon ainforest

The “bacuri” (Platonia insignis Mart., Clusiaceae) is a native tropical fruit from the Brazilian Amazon and Northeast Regions. Its seeds are used to treat inflammatory diseases, diarrhea and skin problems in traditional medical practices. Regarding its widespread medicinal uses, it is important to evaluate the biological and toxicological potential of this species. This way, the aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro cytotoxic and immunomodulatory effects of the hexanic extract of P. insignis seeds, as well as its in vivo acute oral toxicity. The biological evaluation was performed by the determination of cytotoxic (MTT and hemolysis assay) and immunomodulatory (phagocytic capacity, lysosomal volume and nitrite production) activities of EHSB in murine peritoneal macrophages. In addition, the oral acute toxicity was evaluated using female Wistar rats treated with EHSB (2.0 g/kg), in accordance with the OECD 423 Guideline. The EHSB showed low toxicity for macrophages in the MTT test (CC50 value: 90.03 g/ml), as well as for erythrocytes, which caused only 2.5% hemolysis at the highest concentration. A strong immunomodulatory activity was observed by a markedly increase of the NO production, phagocytic ability and lysosomal volume. On the other hand, it was not observed deaths or changes in the clinical and behavioral parameters in the toxicological evaluation. This manner, the present study contributes to the knowledge about the immunomodulatory and toxicological properties of the P. insignis. This may provide perspectives for the evaluation and development of effective and safe phytomedicines created from the Brazilian local biodiversity. ileira © 2015 Sociedade Bras