Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A New Approach to the Preparation of Stable Oxide-Composite Cobalt–Samarium Catalysts for the Production of Hydrogen by Dry Reforming of Methane

A new approach to preparing a series of Co/Sm2O3 catalysts for hydrogen production by the dry reforming of methane has been developed. The catalyst precursors were synthesized with a simple method, including the evaporation of aqueous solutions of cobalt and samarium nitrates, followed by a short-term calcination of the resulting material. The as-prepared and spent catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, temperature-programmed reduction, and thermogravimetric analysis. The content of cobalt in the synthesized materials affects their phase composition and carbonization resistance in the dry reforming of the methane reaction. It has been shown that preheating in N2 atmosphere produces catalysts that provide a stable yield of hydrogen and CO of 94–98% for at least 50 h at 900 °C. These yields are among the highest currently available for the dry reforming of methane catalysts made from Co-Sm complex oxides. It has been established that the decrease in the amount of cobalt in the catalyst and its preheating to an operating temperature of 900 °C in a nitrogen flow help to prevent the carbonization of the catalyst and the sintering of metal particles.
Model Test of Immersed Tunnel Element In Towing Tank In Winds, Waves And Currents

In order to study the behavior of tube tunnel element during its lowering to the sea bed, a hydrodynamic scale model test was carried under different winds, waves and currents. In this paper, we mainly emphasize the technique of the model test carried out in the towing tank under of the wind, wave and current conditions. Compared with the typical test in the ocean engineering basin, its features are with higher speed and larger model scale in the towing tank. Some experimental results are represented for problems involving the hydrodynamic behavior of the immersed tube element, by artificially assuming base trench bottom. This helps to provide information in constructing the tunnel of Hong Kong-ZhuHai-Macao Bridge. Additionally, we simulate numerically the tube tunnel element with identical physical conditions in experiments, by our design of the sharp interface two-phase solver. By comparison, the computational results agree with the measurements. It is demonstrated that our method can provide a valuable base for model testing in the towing tank in winds, waves and currents.
Prospects for gravitational wave triggered high energy neutrino searches from binary neutron star mergers

The next generation gravitational wave (GW) detectors - Einstein Telescope (ET) and Cosmic Explorer (CE), will have distance horizons up to O( 10 ) Gpc for detecting binary neutron star (BNS) mergers. This makes them ideal to be used as triggers for neutrino searches from BNS mergers at the next generation neutrino detectors like IceCube-Gen2 and KM3NeT. We calculate the distance limits up to which meaningful triggers from the GW detectors can be used to minimize backgrounds and collect a good sample of neutrino events at the neutrino detectors, using the sky localization capabilities of the GW detectors. We then discuss the prospects of the next generation detectors to work in synergy to facilitate coincident neutrino detections or to constrain the parameter space in the case of non-detection of neutrinos. We find that for a typical scenario while CE and ET can provide with such detections or constraints over a timescale of 10 − 20 years, the combination of ET+CE, owing to its good localization capabilities can lead to coincident detections or constraints at the 3 𝜎 level within 20 years even for the most conservative parameter choices.
The Influence of Geometry, Surface Texture, and Cooling Method on the Efficiency of Heat Dissipation through the Heat Sink—A Review

The performance of a heat sink is significantly influenced by the type of cooling used: passive or active (forced), the shape of the heat sink, and the material from which it is made. This paper presents a review of the literature on the influence of geometry and surface parameters on effective heat transfer in heat sinks. The results of simulation studies for three different heat sink fin geometries and cooling types are presented. Furthermore, the influence of the surface texture of the heat sink fins on the heat transfer efficiency was determined. It was shown that the best performance in terms of geometries was that of a wave fin heat sink. When the surface texture was analyzed, it was found that an increase in the amplitude values of the texture decreases the heat dissipation efficiency in the case of active cooling, while for passive cooling, an increase in these parameters has a beneficial effect and increases the effective heat transfer to the surroundings. The cooling method was found to be the most important factor affecting heat dissipation efficiency. Forced airflow results in more efficient heat transfer from the heat sink fins to the surroundings.
Relation between heart rate recovery index and syntax score

Background: Heart rate recovery is a function of vagal reactivation, and its impairment is an independent prognostic indicator for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. We aimed to search relationship between heart rate recovery after exercise stress test and SYNTAX score. Methods: This was a single-center retrospective cohort study. 346 individuals were included. Heart rate recovery index (HRRI) is defined as the reduction in heart rate from the rate at peak exercise to the rate at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd minutes after the cessation of the exercise stress test, and these results were indicated as HRRI1, HRRI2 and HRRI3 respectively. The SYNTAX scores were calculated for all patients. The SYNTAX score was divided into tertiles as low (≤22), intermediate (2332), and high (≥33). Results: Compared to control group, patients with impaired HRRI1 had significantly higher SYNTAX scores while HRRI2 and HRRI3 demonstrated a marginally significant relation with high SYNTAX score. In bi-serial and partial correlational analyses, HRRI1, HRRI2 and HRRI3 were positively correlated with the high SYNTAX score (r = -0.366, p < 0.001; r = 0.313, p < 0.001; r = -0.322, p < 0.001). After adjustments were made for age, gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and uric acid levels, HRRI1 was still significantly associated with high SYNTAX score (r = -0.236, 95% CI, p = 0.002), while the relationships between the high SYNTAX score and HRRI2 and HRRI3 lost significance (r = 0.131, p =0.091; r = -0.159, p =0.040). ROC analyses showed HRRI 1,2 and 3 had moderate predictive ability for high SYNTAX score (AUC=0.713, 0.636-0.790, cut-off:22.5 bpm), (AUC=0.673, 0.593-0.752, cut-off:45.5 bpm) and (AUC=0.674, 0.5940.764, cut-off:60.5 bpm) respectively with CI 95%. Conclusions: A delayed decline of heart rate has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. In our study lower heart rate recovery at first minute was associated with higher SYNTAX score. *Correspondence to: Sezen Bağlan Uzunget, MD, Ankara Ufuk University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Department, Turkey, E-mail: sezenbaglan@hotmail.com
Detection of Primary DNA Lesions by Transient Changes in Mating Behavior in Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Using the Alpha-Test

Spontaneous or induced DNA lesions can result in stable gene mutations and chromosomal aberrations due to their inaccurate repair, ultimately resulting in phenotype changes. Some DNA lesions per se may interfere with transcription, leading to temporary phenocopies of mutations. The direct impact of primary DNA lesions on phenotype before their removal by repair is not well understood. To address this question, we used the alpha-test, which allows for detecting various genetic events leading to temporary or hereditary changes in mating type α→a in heterothallic strains of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here, we compared yeast strains carrying mutations in DNA repair genes, mismatch repair (pms1), base excision repair (ogg1), and homologous recombination repair (rad52), as well as mutagens causing specific DNA lesions (UV light and camptothecin). We found that double-strand breaks and UV-induced lesions have a stronger effect on the phenotype than mismatches and 8-oxoguanine. Moreover, the loss of the entire chromosome III leads to an immediate mating type switch α→a and does not prevent hybridization. We also evaluated the ability of primary DNA lesions to persist through the cell cycle by assessing the frequency of UV-induced inherited and non-inherited genetic changes in asynchronous cultures of a wild-type (wt) strain and in a cdc28-4 mutant arrested in the G1 phase. Our findings suggest that the phenotypic manifestation of primary DNA lesions depends on their type and the stage of the cell cycle in which it occurred.
Tetrahedral Meshes in Biomedical Applications: Generation, Boundary Recovery and Quality Enhancements

Mesh generation is a fundamental precursor to finite element implementations for solution of partial differential equations in engineering and science. This dissertation advances the field in three distinct but coupled areas. A robust and fast three dimensional mesh generator for arbitrarily shaped geometries was developed. It deploys nodes throughout the domain based upon user-specified mesh density requirements. The system is integer and pixel based which eliminates round off errors, substantial memory requirements and cpu intensive calculations. Linked, but fully detachable, to the mesh generation system is a physical boundary recovery routine. Frequently, the original boundary topology is required for specific boundary condition applications or multiple material constraints. Historically, this boundary preservation was not available. An algorithm was developed, refined and optimized that recovers the original boundaries, internal and external, with fidelity. Finally, a node repositioning algorithm was developed that maximizes the minimum solid angle of tetrahedral meshes. The highly coveted 2D Delaunay property that maximizes the minimum interior angle of a triangle mesh does not extend to its 3D counterpart, to maximize the minimum solid angle of a tetrahedron mesh. As a consequence, 3D Delaunay created meshes have unacceptable sliver tetrahedral elements albeit composed of 4 high quality triangle sides. These compromised elements are virtually unavoidable and can foil an otherwise intact mesh. The numerical optimization routine developed takes any preexisting tetrahedral mesh and repositions the nodes without changing the mesh topology so that the minimum solid angle of the tetrahedrons is maximized. The overall quality enhancement of the volume mesh might be small, depending upon the initial mesh. However, highly distorted elements that create ill-conditioned global matrices and foil a finite element solver are enhanced significantly.
Violation of Cooperative Principle in Bel Ami Movie

Pendengar dapat memahami komunikasi jika mereka dapat bekerjasama satu sama lain dengan mempertimbangkan cooperative principles. Merujuk pada Grice, ada empat maksim dalam prinsip kerjasama yaitu; kuantitas, kualitas, relevansi, dan tata cara. Makna implisit yang disampaikan tetapi tidak terkatakan pada percakapan kemudian disebut implikatur. Fokus dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan implikatur percakapan yang berpotensi melanggar prinsip kerjasama dalam film Bel Ami. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif kualitatif. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis induktif dengan menggunakan data penelitian sebagai dasar untuk memahami pelanggaran implikatur percakapan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa tokoh dalam film melanggar prinsip kerjasama karena dipengaruhi konteks situasi. Mereka memiliki alasan tersendiri untuk melanggar maksim. Secara prinsip, seseorang perlu memahami makna yang dimaksudkan oleh pembicara, karena arti sebenarnya tidak hanya dalam struktur kalimat atau permukaan makna, akan tetapi seringkali tersampaikan secara implisit.
Risk behaviors and well-being among Egyptian and Roma adolescents in Albania during the COVID-19 pandemic: Vulnerability and resilience in a positive youth development perspective

Introduction Egyptian and Roma communities represent two of the most deprived and stigmatized ethnic minorities in Albania. However, research investigating vulnerability and well-being in youth from these communities is scant. Even less is known among Egyptian and Roma adolescents who dropped-out of school. Within a Positive Youth Development framework, we investigated among Egyptian and Roma adolescents: (1) risk behaviors, well-being, and developmental assets (personal and contextual); (2) associations of developmental assets with risk behaviors and well-being; (3) specificities by ethnicity, gender, and education. Methods A total of 201 Egyptian and Roma adolescents (Mage = 16.63, SDage = 1.80; 47% girls; 53% school dropouts) completed a series of questionnaires in a community setting in August 2020 (first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic). Results Binomial, Poisson and linear regression models indicated that Egyptian and Roma adolescents reported similar and high levels of risk behaviors, with boys reporting overall more risk behaviors than girls. Low level of well-being and of personal and contextual assets were reported. Girls reported higher family assets, positive values and social competencies than boys. The situation of adolescents attending school was overall not better than that of youth who had dropped out. Higher positive identity was associated with higher well-being. Discussion Intervention and prevention efforts are urgently needed to support minority adolescents’ development during and in the aftermath of the pandemic. They should address the structural factors which limit the availability of personal and contextual resources in minority youth’s lives. Interventions aimed at building safer neighborhoods and providing safe access to schools for minority youth should be a priority and are essential to prevent the widening of inequalities during and after this health emergency.
A de novo heterozygous POU3F3 genotype for the p.(Q214*) variant in a fetus with transient isolated bilateral mild ventriculomegaly: a case report and review of the literature

The prenatal prevalence of isolated ventriculomegaly is 0.039%–0.087%. Most isolated mild ventriculomegaly (MV) fetuses (>90%) have a favorable prognosis. However, 5.6% to 7.9% of fetuses with isolated MV have adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. In this study, we reported the first case of prenatal Snijders Blok-Fisher syndrome (OMIM: #618604) caused by a truncating variant of POU3F3 (OMIM: *602480) in a fetus with transient isolated bilateral MV. The results of karyotype analysis, chromosomal microarray analysis, and TORCH infection evaluation for the fetus were all negative. However, a de novo likely pathogenic nonsense variant of NM_006236. 3 (POU3F3): c.640C > T [rs1254251078] p.(Q214*) was identified by whole-exome sequencing (WES). Despite sufficient genetic counseling, the mother refused to undertake further brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and decided to keep the fetus. She gave birth to a male infant through a full-term vaginal delivery. With a long-term follow-up, the infant unfortunately gradually presented with delayed motor development. The postnatal brain MRI of the proband showed dysplasia of the corpus callosum and ventriculomegaly. Considering the high probability of misdiagnosis for such cases, we further summarized the prenatal phenotypes from 19 reported patients with variants in POU3F3. The results revealed that 14 patients displayed a normal prenatal ultrasonographic manifestation, while only approximately 26.32% of fetuses showed MV or cysts without structural deformity. Thus our findings expand the variant spectrum of POU3F3 and suggest the importance of undertaking WES and brain MRI when the fetus has isolated bilateral MV.
Radar remote sensing of wind vector and turbulence intensity fields from raindrop backscattering

Scanning radars are promising sensors for atmospheric remote sensing, giving potential to retrieve parameters that characterize the local air dynamics during rain. For the observation of air motion, radars are relying on the backscatter of particles, which can, for example, be raindrops or insects. To measure wind vectors and turbulence intensities remotely during rain the radar is a common choice. This is mainly because the radar signals are not attenuated too much by the rain itself, which is the case for instruments operating at other frequencies, such as lidars. There is, however, a problem with measuring air dynamics from raindrops. Raindrops are not perfect tracers of the air motion. It may thus be necessary to make some corrections when air-dynamics parameters are estimated with a radar during the rain, and account for that raindrops are imperfect tracers of the air motion. This dissertation focuses on this problem. In addition, existing radar-based wind vector and turbulence intensity retrieval techniques are assessed for when they are applied during the rain, and they have been further developed.
Simulation Study on Axial Location Identification of Damage in Layered Pipeline Structures Based on Damage Index

This study investigates the feasibility of identifying the axial position of circumferential defects in laminated pipeline structures based on damage indices. Wavelet packet decomposition is combined with damage indices, and the effects of dual defects with the same circumferential position but different axial positions, as well as dual defects with different circumferential and axial positions, on damage indices are separately studied. Our aim was to determine the potential to use damage indices to identify the axial position of circumferential defects in laminated pipeline structures. ABAQUS finite element analysis software was used to establish models of laminated pipeline structures with single defects and dual defects (with the same circumferential position but different axial positions, and with different circumferential and axial positions). The laminated pipeline structure was composed of a steel pipe (structural layer), a rigid polyurethane foam (insulation layer), and a high-density polyethylene (anticorrosion layer). The received sensing signals were averaged, and subjected to 5-level wavelet packet decomposition, to calculate the damage index values, which were then organized into a damage index matrix. Based on the trend of changes in the damage index matrix, the effects of variations in the number and circumferential position of the defects on the identification of the axial position of the damage were analyzed. The results indicate that the trend in damage index changes is influenced by the number of defects, and the increase in the circumferential distance between the second and the piezoelectric element sensor. This study found that when 1. 7λ≤PD≤3. 4λ, Idouble defect 90°<Isingle defect<Idouble defect 0°; when 3. 7λ≤PD≤4λ, Idouble defect 90°<0.3<Idouble defect 0°<Isingle defect. This article demonstrates that the identification of the axial position of damage in laminated pipeline structures can be achieved using the damage index values in the damage index matrix. Additionally, this damage identification method overcomes the limitation of the wavelet packet’s inability to identify dual defects with relatively small relative axial distances. This provides new ideas and methods for finite element analysis in identifying the axial position of damage in laminated pipeline structures.
New Highly Selective BACE1 Inhibitors and Their Effects on Dendritic Spine Density In Vivo

β-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is considered a therapeutic target to combat Alzheimer’s disease by reducing β-amyloid in the brain. To date, all clinical trials involving the inhibition of BACE1 have been discontinued due to a lack of efficacy or undesirable side effects such as cognitive worsening. The latter could have been the result of the inhibition of BACE at the synapse where it is expressed in high amounts. We have previously shown that prolonged inhibition of BACE interferes with structural synaptic plasticity, most likely due to the diminished processing of the physiological BACE substrate Seizure protein 6 (Sez6) which is exclusively processed by BACE1 and is required for dendritic spine plasticity. Given that BACE1 has significant amino acid similarity with its homolog BACE2, the inhibition of BACE2 may cause some of the side effects, as most BACE inhibitors do not discriminate between the two. In this study, we used newly developed BACE inhibitors that have a different chemotype from previously developed inhibitors and a high selectivity for BACE1 over BACE2. By using longitudinal in vivo two-photon microscopy, we investigated the effect on dendritic spine dynamics of pyramidal layer V neurons in the somatosensory cortex in mice treated with highly selective BACE1 inhibitors. Treatment with those inhibitors showed a reduction in soluble Sez6 (sSez6) levels to 27% (elenbecestat, Biogen, Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), 17% (Shionogi compound 1) and 39% (Shionogi compound 2), compared to animals fed with vehicle pellets. We observed a significant decrease in the number of dendritic spines with Shionogi compound 1 after 21 days of treatment but not with Shionogi compound 2 or with elenbecestat, which did not show cognitive worsening in clinical trials. In conclusion, highly selective BACE1 inhibitors do alter dendritic spine density similar to non-selective inhibitors if soluble (sSez6) levels drop too much. Low-dose BACE1 inhibition might be reasonable if dosing is carefully adjusted to the amount of Sez6 cleavage, which can be easily monitored during the first week of treatment.
3D tracking and multi-wavelength techniques for digital holographic microscopy based cell analysis

Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM) allows quantitative multi-focus phase contrast imaging that has been found suitable for technical inspection and quantitative live cell imaging. The combination of DHM with fast and robust autofocus algorithms and a calibrated imaging system enables the determination of axial sample displacements. The evaluation of quantitative DHM phase contrast images permits also an effective detection of lateral object movements. Thus, data for 3D tracking is provided. Multi-wavelength techniques open up prospects for an increased phase resolution in DHM by reduction of parasitic interference effects due to multiple reflections within the measurement setup. For this purpose, the generation of short coherence properties by tunable laser light has been investigated for application in DHM. Results from investigations on sedimenting erythrocytes in suspension demonstrate that DHM enables (automated) quantitative dynamic 3D tracking of multiple cells without mechanical focus adjustment. Furthermore, it is shown that multi-wavelength techniques enhance the phase resolution in quantitative digital holographic cell imaging.