Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect Of Various Substitutions On The Microstructure And Properties Of Srtio3-sr2nb2o7 Based Electroceramics For Microwave Applications

Sr5Nb4TiO17 is known to exhibit low loss in comparison to other compounds in the SrTiO3–Sr2Nb2O7 system; therefore, the aim of this work was to investigate the effect of various cation substitutions on the phase, microstructure and electrical properties of Sr5Nb4TiO17 for possible microwave (MW) applications. All the compositions were prepared through a mixed oxide solid state sintering route. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used for phase and microstructural analysis, and LCR meter and a vector network analyzer for the measurement of electrical properties. Compositions in the Sr5-xCaxNb4TiO17 (x = 0-5) series formed single phase ceramics at ~1400i? ½C; however, at temperatures ≥1500i? ½C, secondary phases with general formula (Sr,Ca)6Nb4Ti2O20 formed along with the parent Sr5-xCaxNb4TiO17 phases with x = 0 – 5. Optimum MW dielectric properties (r ~54 f ~6.5 ppm/i? ½C, Qui? ½fo ~1166 GHz) were achieved for the ~97% dense Sr2Ca3Nb4TiO17 ceramics. Compositions in the Sr5-xLaxNb4-xTi1+xO17 (x = 0-4) series also formed single phase ceramics at 1450i? ½C to 1550i? ½C. Optimum values for Qui? ½fo (~ 9969 GHz), r (~ 61) and f (~ 117 ppm/i? ½C) were achieved for the Sr5-xLaxNb4-xTi1+xO17 composition with x = 4 (i.e. SrLa4Ti5O17). In an attempt for further improvement in the electrical properties, compositions in the SrLa4-xAxTi5O17 series (A = Nd or Sm, x = 0 ≤ x ≤ 4) were also investigated. An analysis of the properties vs. composition plots indicated that the optimum MW dielectric properties i.e. r ~ 54, Qui? ½fo ~ 6000 GHz and f ~ 0 ppm/i? ½C corresponded to the SrLa4-xNdxTi5O17 composition with x ~ 1.6. SrLa4-xSmxTi5O17 compositions formed single phase ceramics at x ≤ 3 and a mixture of Sm2Ti2O7 and SrTiO3 at x = 4. Here again, an analysis of the results indicated that the optimum properties i.e. r = 53, f ~ 0 ppm/oC and Qui? ½fo = 3200 GHz corresponded to the SrLa4-xSmxTi5O17 composition with x~1.4. Compounds in the Sr1-xCaxLa4Ti5O17 (x = 0 - 1) and SrLa4Ti5-xZrxO17 (x = 0 – 0.1) composition series exhibited r~53.7, Qui? ½fo ~11532 GHz and f ~-1.4 ppm/i? ½C, and r~ 57.3, f ~ +71.5 ppm/i? ½C and Qui? ½fo ~9841 GHz for x = 0.6 (Ca2+) and x = 0.1 (Zr4+). Consistent with previous, the substitutions of smaller cations for larger ones led to the development of fine grained microstructures indicating improved density.
Manual Therapy for Fibrosis-Related Late Effect Dysphagia in head and neck cancer survivors: the pilot MANTLE trial

Introduction Late dysphagia that develops or persists years after head and neck cancer (HNC) is a disabling survivorship issue. Fibrosis is thought to stiffen connective tissues and compress peripheral nerve tracts, thereby contributing to diminished strength, flexibility, and in some cases denervation of swallowing muscles. Manual therapy (MT) is used in cancer survivors for pain and other indications, but it is unknown if increasing blood flow, flexibility and cervical range of motion (CROM) in the head and neck may improve late dysphagia. Methods and analysis Manual Therapy for Fibrosis-Related Late Effect Dysphagia (MANTLE) is a National Cancer Institute-funded prospective single-arm pilot trial evaluating the feasibility, safety and therapeutic potential of MT in patients with late dysphagia after radiotherapy (RT) for HNC. Disease-free survivors ≥2 years after curative-intent RT for HNC with at least moderate dysphagia and grade ≥2 Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0 fibrosis are eligible. The target sample size is 24 participants who begin the MANTLE programme. MANTLE is delivered in 10 MT sessions over 6 weeks with an accompanying home exercise programme (HEP). Patients then transition to a 6-week post-washout period during which they complete the HEP and then return for a final post-washout evaluation. Feasibility (primary endpoint) and safety will be examined. Serial assessments include CROM, modified barium swallow studies, quantitative MRI, electromyography (optional) and patient-reported outcomes as secondary, tertiary and exploratory endpoints. Ethics and dissemination The research protocol and informed consent document was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication that will be made publicly available on PubMed Central on acceptance for publication, in compliance with NIH public access policy. Trial registration number NCT03612531.
Survival and Predictive Factors of Chemotherapy With FOLFIRINOX as First-Line Therapy in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer

Objectives The use of FOLFIRINOX (a combination of oxaliplatin, irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin) is one of the therapeutic standards in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. We analyzed progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) and their predictive factors in patients treated with FOLFIRINOX as first-line therapy in metastatic pancreatic cancer. Methods This multicenter retrospective analysis included patients treated with FOLFIRINOX between 2011 and 2015. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate OS and PFS. The statistical comparison for survival was performed by the log-rank test. Predictive factors were estimated in multivariate analysis with the use of a Cox model. Results One hundred and thirty-six patients were included (74 men, 62 women; median age, 62 years [range, 29–74 years]). The median PFS was 5.97 months (95% confidence interval, 4.4–6.63 months). The median OS was 8.93 months (95% confidence interval, 7.4–10.07 months). Prognostic factors in multivariate analysis were the use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, which appeared to be a good prognostic factor. Dose intensity of oxaliplatin (≥74.48%) and dose intensity of bolus of fluorouracil (>6.9%) appeared as pejorative factors. Conclusions In patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with FOLFIRINOX in first line, dose modifications at the onset of adverse effects and early use of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor seem to be associated with a better survival.
Context, intersectionality, and resilience: Moving toward a more holistic study of bilingualism in cognitive science.

OBJECTIVE Bilingual experiences are diverse, vibrant, and multidimensional. Yet, prior research has often homogenized bilingualism and based outcomes upon monolingual norms. Framing monolinguals as the norm distorts the reality of bilingual experiences. To promote a more diverse and inclusive study of bilingualism, we propose a theoretical and methodological paradigm shift. Bilinguals exist in different networks, cultural contexts, and individual and societal settings, all of which may lead to differential cognitive and linguistic outcomes that will be lost if left unexamined. Bilingual interactional contexts occur within extensive environmental and ecological systems, and may lead to different outcomes based on experiences within these systems. We seek to recognize these interactional contexts and how, as researchers, we can strive to better understand the complexities of bilingual populations. METHOD We propose incorporating more diverse theoretical frameworks-including raciolinguistics, an intersectional resiliency perspective, and an ecological approach-so that researchers can begin to think about how bilingual experiences are shaped before study participants enter the lab. Included also are methodological considerations that will improve our understanding of bilinguals' intersectional experiences. We offer suggestions for becoming more diverse and inclusive in our research. CONCLUSION We encourage scientists to take a more holistic and nuanced approach to understanding how individual and contextual factors affect our study populations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Disorders of vision in multiple sclerosis

ABSTRACT Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological inflammatory disorder known to attack the heavily myelinated regions of the nervous system including the optic nerves, cerebellum, brainstem and spinal cord. This review will discuss the clinical manifestations and investigations for MS and other similar neurological inflammatory disorders affecting vision, as well as the effects of MS treatments on vision. Assessment of visual pathways is critical, considering MS can involve multiple components of the visual pathway, including optic nerves, uvea, retina and occipital cortex. Optical coherence tomography is increasingly being recognised as a highly sensitive tool in detecting subclinical optic nerve changes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is critical in MS diagnosis and in predicting long-term disability. Optic neuritis in MS involves unilateral vision loss, with characteristic pain on eye movement. The visual loss in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder tends to be more severe with preferential altitudinal field loss, chiasmal and tract lesions are also more common. Other differential diagnoses include chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy and giant cell arteritis. Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy affects young males and visual loss tends to be painless and subacute, typically involving both optic nerves. MS lesions in the vestibulocerebellum, brainstem, thalamus and basal ganglia may lead to abnormalities of gaze, saccades, pursuit and nystagmus which can be identified on eye examination. Medial longitudinal fasciculus lesions can cause another frequent presentation of MS, internuclear ophthalmoplegia, with failure of ipsilateral eye adduction and contralateral eye abduction nystagmus. Treatments for MS include high-dose corticosteroids for acute relapses and disease-modifying medications for relapse prevention. These therapies may also have adverse effects on vision, including central serous retinopathy with corticosteroid therapy and macular oedema with fingolimod.
Growth and morphologic response of rumen methanogenic archaea and bacteria to cashew nut shell liquid and its alkylphenol components.

The growth and morphology of rumen methanogenic archaea (15 strains of 10 species in 5 genera, including 7 strains newly isolated in the present study) and bacteria (14 species in 12 genera) were investigated using unsupplemented in vitro pure cultures and cultures supplemented with cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) and its phenolic compound components, anti-methanogenic agents for ruminant animals. Growth of most of the methanogens tested was inhibited by CNSL and alkylphenols at different concentrations ranging from 1.56 to 12.5 μg/ml. Of the alkylphenols tested, anacardic acid exhibited the most potent growth inhibition. Three gram-negative bacterial species involved in propionate production were resistant to CNSL and alkylphenols (>50 μg/ml). All the methanogens and bacteria that were sensitive to CNSL and alkylphenols exhibited altered morphology; disruption of the cell surface was notable, possibly due to surfactant activity of the tested materials. Cells division was inhibited in some organisms, with cell elongation and unclear septum formation observed. These results indicate that CNSL and alkylphenols, particularly anacardic acid, inhibit both rumen bacteria and methanogens in a selective manner, which could help mitigate rumen methane generation.
Current and emerging gluconeogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes

ABSTRACT Introduction In the last several decades, fueled by gene knockout and knockdown techniques, there has been substantial progress in detailing the pathways of gluconeogenesis. A host of molecules have been identified as potential targets for therapeutic intervention. A number of hormones, enzymes and transcription factors participate in gluconeogenesis. Many new agents have come into use to treat diabetes and several of these are in development to suppress gluconeogenesis. Areas Covered Herein, the author reviews agents that have been discovered and/or are in development, which control excess gluconeogenesis. The author has used multiple sources including PubMed, the preprint servers MedRxIv, BioRxIv, Research Gate, as well as Google Search and the database of the U.S. Patent and Trademarks Office to find appropriate literature. Expert opinion It is now clear that lipid metabolism and hepatic lipogenesis play a major role in gluconeogenesis and resistance to insulin. Future efforts will focus on the duality of gluconeogenesis and adipose tissue metabolism. The exploration of therapeutic RNA agents will accelerate. The balance of clinical benefit and adverse effects will determine the future of new gluconeogenesis inhibitors.
A DAPTIVE G RADIENT M ETHODS C AN B E P ROVABLY F ASTER THAN SGD WITH R ANDOM S HUFFLING

Adaptive gradient methods have been shown to outperform SGD in many tasks of training neural networks. However, the acceleration effect is yet to be explained in the non-convex setting since the best convergence rate of adaptive gradient methods is worse than that of SGD in literature. In this paper, we prove that adaptive gradient methods exhibit an ˜ O ( T � 1 / 2 ) -convergence rate for ﬁnding ﬁrst-order stationary points under the strong growth condition, which improves previous best convergence results of adaptive gradient methods and random shufﬂing SGD by factors of O ( T � 1 / 4 ) and O ( T � 1 / 6 ) , respectively. In particular, we study two variants of AdaGrad with random shufﬂing for ﬁnite sum minimization. Our analysis suggests that the combination of random shufﬂing and adaptive learning rates gives rise to better convergence
Phenotyping Alzheimer's disease with blood tests

Affordable and accessible tools could be used for screening and therapy monitoring Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by brain protein aggregates of amyloid-β (Aβ) and phosphorylated tau (pTau) that become plaques and tangles, and dystrophic neurites surrounding the plaques, which are accompanied by downstream neurodegeneration. These protein changes can be used as biomarkers detected through positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), allowing for ATN (amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration) classification of patients. This phenotyping has become standard in AD clinical trials to overcome the high misclassification rate (20 to 30%) for clinical criteria and also enables enrollment of preclinical AD patients. The recent approval of the first disease-modifying anti-amyloid immunotherapy, aducanumab, for AD will generate a need for widely accessible and inexpensive biomarkers for ATN classification of patients with cognitive complaints. Technological advances have also overcome the challenges of measuring the extraordinarily low amounts of brain-derived proteins in blood samples, and recent studies indicate that AD blood tests may soon be possible.
Temperature‐dependent local atomic structures in the traditional Fe65Ni35 Invar alloy by X‐ray fluorescence holography

Fe and Ni Kα X‐ray fluorescence holography measurements were conducted on a single crystal Fe65Ni35 Invar alloy at 100 and 300 K to investigate the temperature dependence of the 3‐dimensional local structures around the Fe and Ni atoms, respectively. Local structural information was obtained by detailed analyses using a L1‐regularized linear regression for the experimental data. At 100 K, the local atomic arrangements around both the elements show fcc structures. At 300 K, however, only the image around Fe shows a bcc‐like neighboring arrangement. From these X‐ray fluorescence holography data, we propose a model that with increasing temperature, an Fe atom with the low‐spin state enters at the central position of the fcc lattice and is stabilized. And then, large angular positional fluctuations are induced for the atoms at the face‐centered positions around the central Fe atom only.
Telehealth and technological applications in patient‐centered care: Implications for pharmacy learners and clinical pharmacists

Telehealth has emerged as an essential health care delivery modality to improve patient access to health care and allow providers to meet their patients' health care needs. It is imperative that pharmacy learners and clinical pharmacists have the requisite knowledge and skills to comfortably deliver patient‐centered care via telehealth with devices, software, digital therapeutics, wearables, and other technological applications. This manuscript supplements the existing ACCP resources on this subject, educates clinical pharmacists on the rapidly advancing field of telehealth and its available technologies, and summarizes methods for training current and prospective clinical practitioners.
Clinical pharmacy specialists providing consistent comprehensive medication management with increased efficiency through telemedicine during the COVID19 pandemic

The Veterans Affairs (VA) has been at the forefront of harnessing the skills of clinical pharmacy specialists (CPS) in patient‐aligned care teams (PACT) to improve patient care outcomes and create access for veterans. With the unfortunate arrival of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19), PACT CPS were duty‐bound to expand telehealth services at an accelerated rate. The purpose of this quality improvement analysis is to compare CPS efficiency as well as some objective patient metrics to assess for a change in the quality of care. This is the first study to compare the efficiency and quality of care by CPS in the VA pre‐COVID19 and during the COVID19 pandemic.
Describing the delivery of clinical pharmacy services via telehealth: A systematic review

Telehealth offers a promising opportunity for the delivery of clinical pharmacy services by increasing the accessibility of health care, extending the reach of clinical services, and allowing pharmacists to engage with patients who might otherwise be overlooked. The objectives of the project were to discover effective strategies for the delivery of clinical pharmacy services via telehealth and to identify core components of comprehensive medication management (CMM) that are deliverable via telehealth.
Adoption of telepharmacy within a community health center: A focus on clinical pharmacy services

Due to the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, telehealth has shifted from an underutilized service to a medical necessity almost overnight. While guidelines are available regarding implementation of telepharmacy services, there is limited practice‐level evidence demonstrating successful adoption of telepharmacy for the delivery of clinical pharmacy services.
Genetic screens identify connections between ribosome recycling and nonsense mediated decay

The decay of messenger RNA with a premature termination codon (PTC) by nonsense mediated decay (NMD) is an important regulatory pathway for eukaryotes and an essential pathway in mammals. NMD is typically triggered by the ribosome terminating at a stop codon that is aberrantly distant from the poly-A tail. Here, we use a fluorescence screen to identify factors involved in NMD in S. cerevisiae. In addition to the known NMD factors, including the entire UPF family (UPF1, UPF2 and UPF3), as well as NMD4 and EBS1, we identify factors known to function in post-termination recycling and characterize their contribution to NMD. We then use a series of modified reporter constructs that block both elongating and scanning ribosomes downstream of stop codons and demonstrate that a deficiency in recycling of 80S ribosomes or 40S subunits stabilizes NMD substrates. These observations in S. cerevisiae expand on recently reported data in mammals indicating that the 60S recycling factor ABCE1 is important for NMD (1, 2) by showing that increased activities of both elongating and scanning ribosomes (80S or 40S) in the 3’UTR correlate with a loss of NMD. Author Summary In this work, we aim to understand the mechanism of targeting mRNAs for decay via the long-studied nonsense mediated decay (NMD) pathway. We demonstrate that efficient large and small subunit ribosome recycling are necessary components of NMD. We go on to provide evidence that either scanning or actively translating ribosomes in the 3’UTR disrupt the decay of NMD targets. Our work highlights the importance of the composition of the 3’UTR in NMD signaling and emphasizes the need for this region to indeed be untranslated for NMD to occur. Exon junction complexes (EJCs) in the 3’UTR are known to induce NMD, however, in the budding yeast system used here, the NMD targets are EJC-free. Therefore, our data support a model in which factors other than EJCs may accumulate in the 3’UTR and provide a signal for NMD.
NewWave: a scalable R/Bioconductor package for the dimensionality reduction and batch effect removal of single-cell RNA-seq data

Summary We present NewWave, a scalable R/Bioconductor package for the dimensionality reduction and batch effect removal of single-cell RNA sequencing data. To achieve scalability, NewWave uses mini-batch optimization and can work with out-of-memory data, enabling users to analyze datasets with millions of cells. Availability and implementation NewWave is implemented as an open-source R package available through the Bioconductor project at https://bioconductor.org/packages/NewWave/ Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Functional noncoding SNPs in human endothelial cells fine-map vascular trait associations

Functional consequences of genetic variation in the non-coding human genome are difficult to ascertain despite demonstrated associations to common, complex disease traits. To elucidate properties of functional non-coding SNPs with effects in human endothelial cells (EC), we utilized molecular Quantitative Trait Locus (molQTL) analysis for transcription factor binding, chromatin accessibility, and H3K27 acetylation to nominate a set of likely functional non-coding SNPs. Together with information from genome-wide association studies for vascular disease traits, we tested the ability of 34,344 variants to perturb enhancer function in ECs using the highly multiplexed STARR-seq assay. Of these, 5,592 variants validated, whose enriched attributes included: 1) mutations to TF binding motifs for ETS or AP1 that are regulators of EC state, 2) location in accessible and H3K27ac-marked EC chromatin, and 3) molQTLs associations whereby alleles associate with differences in chromatin accessibility and TF binding across genetically diverse ECs. Next, using pro-inflammatory IL1B as an activator of cell state, we observed robust evidence (>50%) of context-specific SNP effects, underscoring the prevalence of non-coding gene-by-environment (GxE) effects. Lastly, using these cumulative data, we fine-mapped vascular disease loci and highlight evidence suggesting mechanisms by which non-coding SNPs at two loci affect risk for Pulse Pressure/Large Artery Stroke, and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm through respective effects on transcriptional regulation of POU4F1 and LDAH. Together, we highlight the attributes and context dependence of functional non-coding SNPs, and provide new mechanisms underlying vascular disease risk.
Engineered exciton diffusion length enhances device efficiency in small molecule photovoltaics

In organic photovoltaic blends, there is a trade-off between exciton harvesting and charge extraction because of the short exciton diffusion length. Developing a way of increasing exciton diffusion length would overcome this trade-off by enabling efficient light harvesting from large domains. In this work, we engineered (enhanced) both exciton diffusion length and domain size using solvent vapour annealing (SVA). We show that SVA can give a three-fold enhancement in exciton diffusion coefficient (D) and nearly a doubling of exciton diffusion length. It also increases the domain size, leading to enhancement of charge extraction efficiency from 63 to 89%. Usually larger domains would reduce exciton harvesting but this is overcome by the large increase in exciton diffusion, leading to a 20% enhancement in device efficiency.