Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Homoepitaxial graphene tunnel barriers for spin transport

Tunnel barriers are key elements for both charge-and spin-based electronics, offering devices with reduced power consumption and new paradigms for information processing. Such devices require mating dissimilar materials, raising issues of heteroepitaxy, interface stability, and electronic states that severely complicate fabrication and compromise performance. Graphene is the perfect tunnel barrier. It is an insulator out-of-plane, possesses a defect-free, linear habit, and is impervious to interdiffusion. Nonetheless, true tunneling between two stacked graphene layers is not possible in environmental conditions usable for electronics applications. However, two stacked graphene layers can be decoupled using chemical functionalization. Here, we demonstrate that hydrogenation or fluorination of graphene can be used to create a tunnel barrier. We demonstrate successful tunneling by measuring non-linear IV curves and a weakly temperature dependent zero-bias resistance. We demonstrate lateral transport of spin .
Invisibilidades e enfrentamentos de comunidades indígenas diante da pandemia de COVID-19 e a resposta do governo brasileiro

MOTA, S. E. de C. ; SCALCO, N. ; PEDRANA, L. ; ALMEIDA, A. Invisibilidades e enfrentamentos de comunidades indígenas diante da pandemia de COVID-19 e a resposta do governo brasileiro. In: BARRETO, M. L. ; PINTO JUNIOR, E. P.; ARAGÃO, E. ; BARRAL-NETTO, M. (org.). Construção de conhecimento no curso da pandemia de COVID-19: aspectos biomédicos, clínico-assistenciais, epidemiológicos e sociais. Salvador: Edufba, 2020. v. 2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9771/9786556300757.022 Invisibilidades e enfrentamentos de comunidades indígenas diante da pandemia de COVID-19 e a resposta do governo brasileiro
Trauma and Intellectual Disability

I t has long been recognised (though unfortunately not long enough) that there are high rates of traumawithin society, the effects of which have far reaching consequences onmany different levels. This understanding has been influential in driving healthcare services to providewhat has become known as “trauma informed care”, which represents a shift in howwe interact with our service users. For example, we aremoving away from questions such as, “What is wrong with you? ” and “What is your problem? ” to “What has happened to you? ”, “What have you had to do to survive? ” and “How have youmade sense of your experiences? ”. This has also provided us with a greater understanding of how some individuals can find interventions infective or be retraumatised by the very care that we provide in an effort to help and alleviate their suffering. As this book points out, services for people with an ID have only recently accepted the need to provide trauma informed care, with many grappling with how this can actually be implemented in practice. Indeed, the editors explain the aim of this book is to address this gap and act as a guide demonstrating how services for people with an ID can work in a trauma informedway.
Impact of nurses' roles and burden on burnout during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Multicentre cross‐sectional survey

Abstract Aim To identify groups of nurses engaging in coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) care who are most in need of organizational support. Background Overwhelming stress and susceptibility to burnout have been reported in nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Methods Nurses working at five hospitals that accepted COVID‐19 patients answered the questionnaire. The Tokyo Metropolitan Distress Scale for Pandemic, Self‐Diagnosis Check List for Assessment of Workers' Accumulated Fatigue and Japanese Burnout Scale were evaluated. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between engaging in COVID‐19 care and psychosocial/physical burden. Results In total, 895 questionnaires were analysed. With experience in caring for COVID‐19 patients as the independent variable, nurses caring for suspected cases had significantly higher standardized Tokyo Metropolitan Distress Scale for Pandemic scores for ‘concerns for infection’ (standardized partial regression coefficient β = .921, P = .004), Assessment of Workers' Accumulated Fatigue (β = .445, P = .022) and Japanese Burnout Scale ‘emotional exhaustion’ (β = .136, P = .021) than those caring for confirmed cases. Conclusions Nurses caring for suspected COVID‐19 patients have the highest psychological/physical burden and propensity for burnout. Implications for Nursing Management Extensive support systems are required for nurses caring for confirmed and suspected COVID‐19 cases.
Optimal Rates for Nonparametric Density Estimation under Communication Constraints: Appendix

C Analysis of multi-level estimator 10 C.1 Coupling of simulated and ideal estimators . 10 C.2 Setting parameters . 11 C.3 Analysing the error . 12 C.3. 1 Linear and bias terms . 12 C.3. 2 Details term . 13 C.3. 3 Total error . 18
On the Quantitative Differences in the Water-Conductivity of the Wood in Trees and Shrubs. Part I.--The Evergreens

The present communication aims at presenting, in a necessarily curtailed and somewhat preliminary form, the results of an enquiry into the comparative efficiency of the wood as a water-conducting tissue in about sixty species of plants. These consisted for the most part of trees and shrubs, but a few herbaceous forms were studied as well. The investigation was under­ taken in the first instance in order to find out whether the efficiency (regarded from the standpoint of its water-conductivity) of the wood could be usefully expressed for a given species in a quantitative form, and if so, what kind of deviation from the average or mean was to be expected, and to what extent separate species might differ among themselves in this respect; secondly, whether the mean conductivity can be correlated with any obvious character such as deciduous or evergreen habit; thirdly, to ascertain if possible whether definite changes of external conditions can evoke corre­sponding change in the water-conductivity. It is a remarkable circumstance that, although the absorption of water by the roots and its elimination during transpiration from the leaves and other green surfaces are processes which have served as the starting-points of a vast number of investigations, the behaviour of the wood as the intervening conducting channel has been almost entirely neglected. It is true that the path actually followed by the water has long been known, and that attempts to discover an adequate physical explanation of the ascent had been repeatedly made for many years before the fine researches of Dixon and Joly showed clearly where the solution of this problem was to be sought. But the limitation which the structure of the wood may impose on the volume of water transmitted appears to have attracted no attention at all. And yet the life and habits of a plant are so closely linked up with the problem of water supply that every factor that can influence the complex adjustment of supply of and demand for water deserves serious consideration. It cannot be devoid of interest for those concerned in arboriculture and forestry, for not only may it determine whether a particular species can flourish under given natural conditions, but it also concerns the inter-relations between those tissues in the wood which materially determine the nature and commercial value of timber.
Fisheries Acoustics: Theory and Practice

Series Foreword. Preface. Acknowledgements. 1. Introduction. 2. Underwater Sound. 3. Acoustic Instruments. 4. Biological Acoustics. 5. Observation and Measurement of Fish. 6. Target Strength of Fish. 7. Plankton and Micronekton Acoustics. 8. Survey Design. 9. Data Analysis. References. Species Index. Author Index. Subject Index
Conditional Monte Carlo: Gradient Estimation and Optimization Applications

Preface. Selected Notation. 1. Introduction. 2. Three Extended Examples. 3. Conditional Monte Carlo Gradient Estimation. 4. Links to Other Settings. 5. Synopsis and Preview. 6. Queueing Systems. 7. (s,S) Inventory Systems. 8. Other Applications. References. Index. Corrections to Conditional Monte Carlo: Gradient Estimation and Optimization Applications (Kluwer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science, 392) by Michael C. Fu and Jian-Qiang Hu can be found at the Internet.
Technological parameters influence on biodegradable injected polymers during water jet cutting

Arbofill Fichte and Arboblend V2 Nature are polymers with high-performance functional characteristics and which have the potential to replace plastics based on nonrenewable resources from various sectors of activity. The present study aims to analye from topographical point of view the behavior of injected parts during the processing by cutting with abrasive water jet. The materials behavior, as expected, in any machining or manufacturing process is influenced by the technological parameters, whether they are kept constant (for example the part thickness, the abrasive material, the distance between the cutting head and the part) or variable (pressure, traverse speed and abrasive material flow). In this sense, the purpose was to obtain data regarding the most used roughness parameter, Ra, and based on them some solutions for optimizing the working parameters will be provided, so that the surfaces quality to be as good as possible. The results showed that the technological parameter "abrasive material flow" has the greatest influence on the roughness, ie lower values of roughness for the situation of using a larger amount of abrasive.
EBSeq: An R package for di erential expression analysis using RNA-seq data

4 Quick Start 6 4.1 Gene level DE analysis (two conditions) . 6 4.1. 1 Required input . 6 4.1. 2 Library size factor . 6 4.1. 3 Running EBSeq on gene expression estimates . 6 4.2 Isoform level DE analysis (two conditions) . 7 4.2. 1 Required inputs . 7 4.2. 2 Library size factor . 8 4.2. 3 The Ig vector . 8 4.2. 4 Running EBSeq on isoform expression estimates . 8 4.3 Gene level DE analysis (more than two conditions) . 9 4.4 Isoform level DE analysis (more than two conditions) . 11
A review of Niphadonyx, a high altitude weevil genus of the Himalayas and North-West China

References . 74 75 76 78 79 81 83 84 86 87 89 90 92 93 96 97 99 102 104 106
Sub-Optimal Heuristic Search

3 ARA* Heuristic Search 4 3.1 Why the sub-optimal A* . 4 3.2 ARA* Re-use of search results . 5 3.3 ARA* Algorithm . 6 3.4 Applications: Planning for manipulation . 7 3.4. 1 ARA*-based motion planning for a single 7DOF arm . 7 3.4. 2 ARA*-based motion planning for dual-arm motion . 8 3.5 Discussion . 8
Appearance of Early Venous Filling During Intra-Arterial Reperfusion Therapy for Acute Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion: A Predictive Sign for Hemorrhagic Complications

Background and Purpose— The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between appearance of angiographic early venous filling during intra-arterial reperfusion therapy and posttherapeutic hemorrhagic complications. Methods— For the past 7 years, 104 patients prospectively underwent superselective local angiography via a microcatheter before and during intra-arterial reperfusion therapy for acute middle cerebral artery occlusion to evaluate the presence or absence of early venous filling. In principle, reperfusion therapy was discontinued just after appearance of early venous filling for fear of hemorrhage. There were 2 types of early venous filling: early filling of the thalamostriate vein from the lenticulostriate arteries and that of the cortical vein from the cortical arteries. Results— Among these 104 patients, 31 (29.8%) had early venous filling: 19 had early filling of the thalamostriate vein, and the other 12 had early filling of the cortical vein. Eight of the 19 patients (42.1%) and 2 of the 12 patients (16.7%) had massive hematoma with neurological worsening, whereas only 1 of the 73 patients (1.4%) without early venous filling had massive hematoma. There was a significant correlation between early venous filling and massive hematoma in both the deep (P <0.0001) and superficial (P =0.0019) middle cerebral artery territories. The sensitivity and specificity of the presence of early venous filling as an indicator of parenchymal hematoma were 71% and 83%, respectively. None of the 31 ischemic areas with early venous filling could escape cerebral infarction. Conclusions— Appearance of early venous filling may indicate irreversible brain damage and may be a predictive sign for parenchymal hematoma.
Information Technology and Quantitative Management ( ITQM 2017 ) A Novel User-based Spam Review Detection

Taking into account the popularity of sites like Yelp, TripAdvisor or Foursquareposting online reviews is a very popular way to share opinion on social media websites. 90% of consumer reviews do have an influence on the public. But the trustworthiness of these reviews is still an open issue. The existing researches have focused on the sentiment analysis to detect spam reviews but neglected the personal characteristics of a person posting reviews. This work has focused on spam detection using personal characteristics rather than the reviews. Majority of E-commerce sites describe a customer superficially using his ID (name, email ID). But that is not sufficient to identify the uniqueness of a customer. This work has used two additional attributes of the customer to detect spam reviews like his geographical location and the IP address of the device with which he is accessing different resources on Internet. In addition, we have also proposed a content analysis method to attack non-reviews using spam dictionary. Our proposed spam detection system based on four different attributes together separates our approach from the rest of the related work. © 2017The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the organizers ofITQM 2017
Definition, Detection, and Evaluation of Meeting Events in Airport Surveillance Videos

Detection of events in the surveillance video selected for TRECVID 2008 is an extremely difficult task. It was not possible for us to evaluate on a variety of events and the entire length of the dataset. We participated in an exploratory task and selected a single “people meeting” event. This event was selected due to its frequency, importance and difficulty. It is actually a collection of similar tasks as there can be several styles of meeting: for example two people coming towards each other, one person waiting for others, a person joining an existing group etc. Difficulty of the task can vary based on the density of the crowd in the scene at the moment and the extent to which the participants are occluded. It is not too useful to just combine the results of all these conditions and simply average; we selected video segments where participants are partly occluded and the crowd density is "medium". We first detect and track pedestrians using an existing tracking method; in fact, tracking in this complex environment is the strongest challenge for the task. Then, we detect meeting events based on analysis of the trajectories. We present results which include the precision and recall rates and some graphical results.
Training and development in work organizations.

INTRODUCTION . TRAINING NEEDS ANALySIS . Organizational Analysis . Task Analysis . Person Analysis . DESIGN OF TRAINING . TRAINING METHODS . , . Simulations and Games . , . High-Technology Methods . Behavior Modeling . TRAINEE CHARACTERISTICS . Trainee Ability and Skills . Trainee Mot ivation, Attitude, and Expectations . AptitudeTreatment Interactions . PRETRAINING ENVIRONMENT . Environmental Cues and Signals .
ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA ; CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND AGNOR STATUS IN GRADING

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinico-pathological parameters and the status of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions stain in various histological grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on fifty cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma. The specimen were collected from the department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and processed for hematoxylin and eosin stain and AgNOR stain Pathology Laboratory, King Edward Medical University Lahore. Results: Bidi smoking is associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma. The AgNOR (mAgNOR and pAgNOR) status was significantly low in well differentiated and moderately differentiated compared to poorly differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma (p =0.001). AgNOR size in poorly differentiated was significantly higher than the AgNOR size in well differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma. Similarly the distribution of AgNOR in moderately and poorly differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma was significantly high. The AgNORs index was significantly high in poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma as compared to well differentiated and moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusions: The use of AgNORs stain is easy, valid and reliable method to assess the histological grading of oral squamous cell carcinoma and should be used to predict the prognosis of patients.
A Biological Synopsis of Northern Pike ( Esox Lucius )

V 1.0 INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 NAME, CLASSIFICATION AND IDENTIFIERS.1 1.2 DESCRIPTION.2 1.2.1 Genetics.2 2.0 DISTRIBUTION.3 2.1 GLOBAL NATIVE DISTRIBUTION.3 2.2 NATIVE DISTRIBUTION IN CANADA.4 2.3 NON-NATIVE DISTRIBUTION.6 3.0 BIOLOGY AND NATURAL HISTORY.7 3.1 AGE AND GROWTH.7 3.2 PHYSIOLOGICAL TOLERANCES.8 3.2.1 Temperature . 8 3.2.2 Oxygen . 8 3.2.3 pH . 8 3.2. 4 Salinity . 8 3.3 REPRODUCTION . 9 3.3.1 Spawning behaviour, fecundity and yield.9 3.4 FEEDING AND DIET.10 3.4. 1 Juvenile diet . 11 3.4. 2 Adult diet.11 3.5 HABITAT REQUIREMENTS . 11 3.5. 1 Water depth . 12 3.5. 2 Changes in habitat preference with life stage . 12 3.6 INTERSPECIFIC INTERACTIONS . 13 3.7 BEHAVIOUR AND MOVEMENTS.13 3.7. 1 Spawning migrations.13 3.8 PARASITES, DISEASES AND CONTAMINANTS . 14 3.8. 1 Viral diseases . 14 3.8. 2 Bioaccumulation of environmental toxins.15 4.0 USE BY HUMANS . 15
An Approach for Mapping of Domain-based Local Ontologies

Ontologies are used for enhancement of explicit semantic information of data sources. We can establish a consensus between communities and resolve semantic heterogeneity conflicts between data sources by ontology. Creation of a global and unified ontology for web data sources is infeasible because of the open and dynamic nature of the web. Web data sources are independent and communities are free to use their own vocabulary. Therefore any web source can have itsown ontology containing all the defined terms that hasmet with the agreement of its community. Therefore, inorder to resolve the semantic heterogeneities betweenweb data sources we must resolve semantic conflictsbetween their ontologies. This problem can be resolvedthrough semantic mapping between ontologies. In thesemantic mapping process, a reasoning system findsthe similar terms between two ontologies and maps thecorresponding terms to each other. Most web datasources are related to a specific domain area (such as university, music, movie, and so on). The ontologies ofthese domain specific web data also use particular vocabulary related to the domain area. We call these ontologies as domain-based local ontology. The aim of our work is to give a solution for resolving semantic heterogeneities between domain-based local ontologies on the Internet. In this paper we propose anapproach to semantically map domain-based localontologies.
Human computer (sexual) interactions

There are few better examples of the pervasion of computing technology into private life than the proliferation of human-computer sexual interactions. Although the HCI community has become increasingly interested in leisure contexts, entertainment, emotion, affect, enjoyment and fun, it tends to ignore the fact that one of the ways many people have fun with their computers is by accessing pornography. Indeed pornography may well be the only reason that some people own home computers at all [8]. “Sex” and “porn” have been the most frequent Internet search terms since the Web became widely available, and terms relating to the topic are so prevalent that they have to be filtered from indices of current popular searches. All of the key issues of usability, accessibility, and (increasingly) enjoyability, which concern HCI, apply equally to pornographic applications. Yet searches of the ACM’s digital library yield no articles discussing, for example, the effective design of pornographic Web sites or the lessons that might be learned from successful pornographic applications. What work there is, very properly, addresses the prevention of crime, but there is almost no work on mainstream adult entertainment. New communication technologies have been used in the production and consumption of pornography with such regularity that the appropriation might be formulated as a general rule. Technologies such as pho-
Markets to Facilitate Wind and Solar Energy Integration in the Bulk Power Supply: An IEA Task 25 Collaboration; Preprint

Wind and solar power will give rise to challenges in electricity markets regarding flexibility, capacity adequacy, and the participation of wind and solar generators to markets. Large amounts of wind power will have impacts on bulk power system markets and electricity prices. If the markets respond to increased wind power by increasing investments in low-capital, high-cost or marginal-cost power, the average price may remain in the same range. However, experiences so far from Denmark, Germany, Spain, and Ireland are such that the average market prices have decreased because of wind power. This reduction may result in additional revenue insufficiency, which may be corrected with a capacity market, yet capacity markets are difficult to design. However, the flexibility attributes of the capacity also need to be considered. Markets facilitating wind and solar integration will include possibilities for trading close to delivery (either by shorter gate closure times or intraday markets). Time steps chosen for markets can enable more flexibility to be assessed. Experience from 5- and 10-minute markets has been encouraging.
Meaningful Information

The information in an individual finite object (like a binary string) is commonly measured by its Kolmogorov complexity. One can divide that information into two parts: the information accounting for the useful regularity present in the object and the information accounting for the remaining accidental information. There can be several ways (model classes) in which the regularity is expressed. Kolmogorov has proposed the model class of finite sets, generalized later to computable probability mass functions. The resulting theory, known as Algorithmic Statistics, analyzes the algorithmic sufficient statistic when the statistic is restricted to the given model class. However, the most general way to proceed is perhaps to express the useful information as a total recursive function. The resulting measure has been called the "sophistication" of the object. We develop the theory of recursive functions statistic, the maximum and minimum value, the existence of absolutely nonstochastic objects (that have maximal sophistication-all the information in them is meaningful and there is no residual randomness), determine its relation with the more restricted model classes of finite sets, and computable probability distributions, in particular with respect to the algorithmic (Kolmogorov) minimal sufficient statistic, the relation to the halting problem and further algorithmic properties