Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of damping and Reynolds number on vortex-induced vibrations

Vortex-induced vibrations have been studied experimentally with emphasis on damping and Reynolds number effects. Our system was an elastically-mounted rigid circular cylinder, free to oscillate only transverse to the flow direction, with very low inherent damping. We were able to prescribe the mass, damping, and elasticity of the system over a wide range of values, with the damping controlled by a custom-made variable magnetic eddy-current damping system. Special emphasis is put on a nontraditional parameter formulation. The advantages of this formulation are explained, and an important new parameter, effective stiffness, is introduced. Using this new formulation, the amplitude and frequency responses are only a function of damping, Reynolds number, and effective stiffness. We show the effects that damping and Reynolds number each have on the amplitude and frequency response profiles and make the interesting observation that changes in damping or Reynolds number have similar effects. The maximum amplitudes of our systems are studied in detail. We theoretically show that they should be functions of both damping and Reynolds number. This allows us to create constant-Reynolds-number curves of maximum amplitude over a large range of damping values, which we call a "generalized" Griffin plot. We also define maximum amplitudes in the case of zero damping as limiting amplitudes, and show that they are only a function of Reynolds number. We experimentally determine our limiting amplitude dependence on Reynolds number over the range 200 Discontinuities in the amplitude response profile are also investigated. The discontinuity between the initial branch and the large-amplitude, upper branch is studied in two ways. First, the time-averaged behavior is examined to understand what controls the discontinuity and look for damping and Reynolds number effects. Second, we track the cycle-by-cycle transient response through this discontinuous amplitude change, induced either by changes in the tunnel velocity or system damping. Finally, we also find a new discontinuity hysteresis region between the lower branch and the desynchronized region, which appears to be a low Reynolds number effect and is only seen in systems with Reynolds number
Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3P Is a Dual Specificity Kinase Differentially Regulated by Tyrosine and Serinemhreonine Phosphorylation*

The enzyme glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) has been implicated in the control of several metabolic enzymes and transcription factors in response to extracel- lular signals. In the past, the enzyme has been considered to be a protein Ser/Thr kinase although it was recently reported to contain Tyr(P) (Hughes, K., Nikolakaki, E., Plyte, S. E., Totty, N. E, and Woodgett, J. Ft. (1993) EMBO J. 12, 803408). A cDNA encoding rabbit skeletal muscle GSK-3P was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli as an active protein kinase, with apparent M, 46,000, capable of phosphorylating several known GSK-3 substrates. Recombinant GSK-30 autophosphorylated on Ser, Thr, and Tyr residues although the en- zyme already contained Tyr(P) as judged by its recogni-tion by anti-Tyr(P) antibodies. The net result of the autophosphorylation was a =-fold reduction in enzyme activity. GSK-3a, purified from rabbit muscle, also un- derwent autophosphorylation but only on Ser and Thr residues. In this case, the autophosphorylation stabi- lized the enzyme activity compared with the control lacking ATP/Mg2‘. GSK-3P antibody (PY20) and peroxidase-conjugated polyclonal antibodies were purchased from and Sigma, respectively. Protein samples were resolved by SDS-PAGE and transferred to a PVDF membrane (Immobilon-P, Millipore). The membranes were then incubated with anti-GSK-3 or anti-Tyr(P) antibody PY20 and further probed with a peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody. Immunoreactive proteins were revealed with the enhanced chemiluminescence detection system (Amersham Corp.). Other Materials and Methods-For phosphoamino acid analysis, phosphorylated proteins were resolved by SDS-PAGE using 12% polyacrylamide gel and transferred to PVDF membranes. Pieces of mem- brane containing 32P-labeled GSK-3 were excised and hydrolyzed in 5.7 N HCl at 110 "C for 90 min. Phosphoamino acids were separated by one-dimensional thin layer electrophoresis and detected by autoradiography as described previously (Zioncheck et al., 1986). Protein concen- trations were determined by the Bradford (1976) protein assay using bovine serum albumin as a standard. [y-32P]ATP was from Dupont-New England Nuclear. Chemicals and reagents for gel electrophoresis were purchased form Bio-Rad. Restriction enzymes and other molecular bi- ology reagents were obtained Bethesda Research Laboratories.
Evaluation of Digital Collections’ User Interfaces

Digital information resources play a very important role in today’s world. They eliminate or reduce prior constraints of distance, fragility of resources, or limited physical access to resources premises a freedom and flexibility in information access unprecedented in human history (Bates, 2002). Their existence would be impossible without information systems that enable their functioning. The life cycle of an information system consists of the standard sequence of development phases. This sequence of development phases includes the process of evaluation or assessment of the information system. Only thorough and frequent evaluation of the information system and its components will ensure its flawless functioning. During the process of evaluation, special attention is given to user interfaces, access points to the content of online information resources. The process of evaluation can be carried out by application of several different methods. This paper puts focus on selected methods for evaluation of information systems and their user interfaces that can be also applied to digital collections (and their user interfaces) available on the Internet. It also presents results from the research of the Croatian national heritage digital collections available on the Internet and common characteristics of their user interfaces.
Bioactivity of Essential Oils, Extracts and Powders of Cupressus arizonica Greene , Juniperus communis L. and Mentha longifolia L. on Three Stored Product Pests

One of low-risk and less damaging strategies, is utilizing plant compounds for controlling stored product pests. In the present study extracts, essential oils and powders from Cupressus arizonica Greene, Juniperus communis L. and Mentha longifolia L. were used on reproductive inhibition of F 1- Progeny and damage (feeding deterrence) tests on three stored product pests such as Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricus, Sitophilus granarius L. and Oryzaphilus surinamensis L. In feeding deterrence experiment, powder of J. communis on O. surinamensis with mean 15.00 ± 0.87 and the essential oil of M. longifolia on C. maculatus with mean 8.33 ± 0.58 had more and fewer effects, respectively. In F 1 -Progeny exper -iment, essential oil of C. arizonica on S. granarius with 59.64 ± 0.45% and powder of C. arizonica on S. granarius with 45.13 ± 0.69% had more and fewer effects, respectively. Essential oils derived from C. arizonica , J. communis and M. longifolia were analyzed by gas chromatography indicated that the main compounds were as of α-Pinene (19.87%), Sabinene (24.55%) and Pulegone (31.26%), respectively. Present study showed that essential oils, extracts and powders of plants have considerable effects on feeding deterrence and F 1 -Progeny of C. maculatus, S. granarius and O. surinamensis . Therefore, using botanical compounds as an integrated insect management program were recommended.
Diagnosis of a New Neutral Gauge Boson at the LHC and ILC for Snowmass 2013

A U(1)' or Z' is generic in many scenarios of physics beyond the Standard Model, such as string theory compactifications, GUTs, extra-dimensions, compositeness, dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking, dark-sector models, etc. We study the potential of probing a TeV-scale Z' with electroweak couplings in future experiments. In particular, we focus on two scenarios: (1) If a Z' is discovered at the LHC, what is the potential of measuring its mass and width and to distinguish between benchmark models utilizing various observables, especially asymmetries, at a high luminosity LHC and the ILC. (2) If the Z' is not accessible as a clear resonance signal, what is the exclusion reach at the ILC.
The variation of temperature‐dependent carrier concentration and mobility in AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructure with SiN passivation

The effects of surface passivation effect on electron mobility and crystal structure in Al0.3Ga0. 7N/AlN/GaN heterostructures are investigated by classical Hall effect measurements and an X‐ray diffraction method. Al0.3Ga0. 7N/AlN/GaN heterostructures with different doping and layer structures were grown by molecular beam epitaxy with or without growing an in situ SiN passivation layer. The classical Hall effect measurements were carried out as a function of temperature in the range between T = 1.82 K and 270 K at a fixed magnetic field in dark conditions. The effect of doping of the barrier layer and replacing an AlN inter‐layer between the AlGaN barrier and the GaN layer, where the two‐dimensional electron gas is populated, on mobility and sheet carrier concentration were also determined.
Note on continuity of information rate

with respect to several topologies in the space of input probability measures. In 2, we briefly review finite-alphabet, discrete-time communication processes and fix terminologies used here. In 3, we explain several topologies for the space of input probability measures and show the continuity of the information rate in the set-wise convergence of the input measures. In 4, we show that the information rate is not continuous in the cylinder-wise convergence of the input measures. In 5, for finite-memory stationary channels, we show the continuity with respect to Ornstein’s d-distance for the input measures. The d-distance topology is weaker than the set-wise convergence and is stronger than the cylinder-wise convergence (see 6). In 6, we present an example of a non-finite-memory channel for which the information rate is discontinuous in the d-distance. We give, also in 6, some remarks for the
In situ desalination of a granitic column by the electrokinetic method

ABSTRACT Desalination of rocks used in monuments is a common strategy to reduce the possibility of deterioration by soluble salt crystallization processes. In the last years, some laboratory studies have demonstrated that the application of electrokinetic techniques allow to achieve higher desalination effectiveness, overcoming most limitations of the traditional methods. However, to our knowledge no studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of this technique for in situ desalination of granite. The present study is aimed at filling this gap. The results of an in situ desalination intervention using electrokinetic methods, on a column highly contaminated with salts are presented. The desalination method was optimized to desalinate large in situ structures, trying to establish the necessary protocols (buffering system, irrigation system, setup, etc.) to obtain results as satisfactory as those obtained in laboratory. The results demonstrated the high effectiveness of this method in terms of total salt extraction and depth of salt extraction. The concentration of anions in the column was decreased by more than 80% after 55 days of treatment. No mineralogical and aesthetic damages on the stone were detected after the treatment, confirming the reliability of this method to be applied in situ on granitic rocks.
OTT_A_276035 12625..12635

1Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; 2QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan; 3Department of Basic Medical Sciences for Radiation Damages, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether carbon-ion beam irradiation in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is superior to carbon-ion beam irradiation alone in targeting colorectal cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). Materials and Methods: Human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, HCT116 and HT29, were treated with carbon-ion beam irradiation alone or in combination with 5-FU. Cell viability assay, colony and spheroid formation assay, apoptotic assay, and quantitative real-time PCR analysis of apoptosisand autophagy-related gene expression were performed. Results: Carbon-ion beam irradiation dose-dependently decreased CRC cell viability and showed significantly enhanced cell killing effect when combined with 5-FU. Carbon-ion beam irradiation in combination with 5-FU significantly increased the percentage of apoptotic cells. The expression of some apoptotic and autophagy-related genes such as Bax, Bcl2, Beclin1 and ATG7 was significantly induced by carbon-ion beam irradiation alone and was further enhanced when the beam was combined with 5-FU. The spheroid forming capacity of CD133+ cell subpopulations was significantly inhibited by carbon-ion beam in combination with 5-FU. Histopathologically, the combination of carbon-ion beam irradiation and 5-FU destroyed more xenograft tumor cells, and resulted in increased necrosis, cavitation, and fibrosis, compared to carbon-ion beam irradiation alone. Conclusion: In conclusion, carbon-ion beam treatment combined with 5-FU has the potential to kill CRC cells including CSCs by inducing increased apoptosis and autophagy.
National Plans of Action (NPOAs) for reducing seabird bycatch: Developing best practice for assessing and managing ﬁ sheries impacts

(1) de ﬁ ning explicit risk criteria and methods to assess bycatch problems; (2) setting speci ﬁ c and measurable objectives for minimising bycatch and achieving desired population status; and (3) de ﬁ ning ﬁ shery-speci ﬁ c thresholds to trigger management action linked to the population objective. Consistent adoption of NPOA best practice, particularly in states that have not already developed an NPOA, would help to mitigate bycatch threats and ensure ﬁ sheries do not reduce the viability of seabird populations.
Outer Billiards, Arithmetic Graphs, and the Octagon

Outer Billiards is a geometrically inspired dynamical system based on a convex shape in the plane. When the shape is a polygon, the system has a combinatorial flavor. In the polygonal case, there is a natural acceleration of the map, a first return map to a certain strip in the plane. The arithmetic graph is a geometric encoding of the symbolic dynamics of this first return map. In the case of the regular octagon, the case we study, the arithmetic graphs associated to periodic orbits are polygonal paths in R^8. We are interested in the asymptotic shapes of these polygonal paths, as the period tends to infinity. We show that the rescaled limit of essentially any sequence of these graphs converges to a fractal curve that simultaneously projects one way onto a variant of the Koch snowflake and another way onto a variant of the Sierpinski carpet. In a sense, this gives a complete description of the asymptotic behavior of the symbolic dynamics of the first return map. What makes all our proofs work is an efficient (and basically well known) renormalization scheme for the dynamics.
CMAR_A_335679 8099..8107

Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, People’s Republic of China Background: EGFR and KRAS are the most frequently mutated genes in lung cancers, occurring in about 60% of all cases. Mutation genes assay has emerged as a promising bloodbased biomarker for monitoring cancer dynamics noninvasively. However, detection can be challenging in patients where plasma often contains low levels of tumor-derived DNA fragments. Methods: We have developed a nuclease-based enrichment assay for detecting mutant alleles. The procedure is based on Surveyor endonuclease cleaves mismatched DNA molecules, and these DNA fragments were enriched for mutation screening. We screened lung cancer specimens for mutations in exons 18 and 21 of EGFR, and the majority of activating mutations in lung cancer occur in codons 12 (G12X) and 13 (G13X) of exon 2 of the KRAS gene. The method screened all mutant genes with the same pair primers and three relevant TaqMan probes. Results: The method can effectively remove wild-type sequences and enrich mutation DNA, and the sensitivity detectable mutant allele frequencies (MAF) achieved 0.001%. The method increases the sensitivity and efficiency of mutation DNA for cancers screening. This highlights the importance of complex DNA variation like mutations in exon 21 of EGFR and exon 2 of the KRAS gene detected by the same probe. Conclusion: We developed a simple and sensitive methodology for mutation gene screening. The method is a cost-effective and sensitive method for mutation DNA enrichment and detection.
Dynamical and scaling properties of nu=5/2 interferometer

We calculate the non-linear I-V tunneling curves for a two-point-contact tunneling junction between two edges of the $\nu={5/2}$ non-abelian fractional quantum Hall state. The non-linear I-V tunneling curves are calculated for both cases with and without an $e/4$ non-abelian quasiparticle between the two contacts. We confirm that, within a dynamical edge theory, the presence of the $e/4$ quasiparticle between the two contacts destroys the interference between the two tunneling paths. We also calculate how the interference reappears as the $e/4$ quasiparticle is moved closer to an edge.
Electromagnetic Whispering Gallery Modes in a Dielectric Rod

It is shown that some of the general coupled electromagnetic modes in a large dielectric cylinder are of a whispering-gallery type. These have the property that their energy is mainly confined to the region near the boundary. When the axial wave number h is greater than the external wave number k2, these modes are shown to be unattenuated. However, if h is less than k2 the modes are leaky. Approximate expressions are derived for the circumferential phase velocity of these spiraling-type whispering gallery modes.
Practical Strategies Related to the Application of Balloon Tamponade Therapy in Acute Variceal Bleeding

IMPORTANCE: Acute gastrointestinal variceal hemorrhage is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic liver disease. Approximately one-third of cirrhotic patients will have variceal hemorrhage, and each bleeding episode is associated with up to 20% mortality. Balloon tamponade devices are used to achieve temporary hemostasis of bleeding esophagogastric varices and as a bridge to definitive therapy. Rapid and proper placement is crucial in a life-threatening bleed both to improve patient’s chances of survival and minimize procedural complications. Passage of the tube can be complicated by coiling in the oropharynx or mid-esophagus particularly if an endotracheal tube is in place or the patient has large variceal burden. Endoscopic placement can be a useful adjunct but may not be readily accessible depending on resources and availability of specialists. Here, we describe a technique of balloon tamponade placement using a stiffening guidewire to overcome this challenge. OBJECTIVES: The objectives were to: 1) describe the guidewire method for balloon tamponade tube placement and 2) highlight proof of concept through clinical application. DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective case series of patients treated with balloon tamponade using the guidewire method. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: This study was done at a single-center quaternary-care facility. Patients admitted to the surgical ICU and treated with a balloon tamponade device for acute variceal hemorrhage were included. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Patient characteristics were assessed including age, sex, model for end stage liver disease score, etiology of cirrhosis, and definitive treatment received. RESULTS: Nine patients were included in the final analysis. Mean age was 50 ± 19, and mean model for end stage liver disease was 39 ± 8. Alcohol cirrhosis was the most common cause of cirrhosis in this sample (n = 5). Six patients were able to be bridged to definitive treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Guidewire-assisted balloon tamponade placement is practical, is effective, and can be performed by acute care providers.
Association of Self-Reported Coping Strategies With Speech Recognition Outcomes in Adult Cochlear Implant Users

Objective To characterize the degree to which individual coping strategies may influence speech perception after cochlear implantation. Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Tertiary referral center. Patients Adult, postlingually deaf cochlear implant recipients. Intervention(s) The Coping Orientation to Problems Experience inventory, a validated, multidimensional self-reported coping scale, was administered preoperatively. Main Outcome Measure(s) Speech perception was measured using consonant-nucleus-consonant (CNC) phoneme and word scores, AzBio sentence accuracy in quiet and noise, and Hearing in Noise Test sentences in quiet preoperatively and at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Quality of life was measured with the Hearing Implant Sound Quality Index and the Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire. Results Thirty-six patients were included in this study. Mean age at surgery was 70.7 ± 11.4 years. Acceptance was associated with a decreased AzBio in noise score in the 6 months after CI (regression coefficient b = −0.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.07 to −0.03; p < 0.01). Denial was associated with a decreased AzBio in quiet score (b = −0.05; 95% CI, −0.09 to −0.01; p < 0.05), whereas humor was associated with an increased AzBio in quiet score (b = 0.02; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.04; p < 0.05). Humor was also associated with an increased Hearing in Noise Test score (b = 0.05; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.07; p < 0.05). Denial was associated with decreased CNC word (b = −0.04; 95% CI, −0.06 to −0.02; p < 0.01) and phoneme (b = −0.04; 95% CI, −0.07 to −0.02; p < 0.01) scores, whereas substance use was associated with increased CNC word (b = 0.03; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.05, p < 0.01) and phoneme (b = 0.04; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.06; p < 0.01) scores. Scores on self-reported quality of life measures were not significantly correlated with coping strategies. Conclusion A variety of adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies are used by postlingually deaf adult cochlear implant users. Denial and acceptance may be more predictive of poor speech performance, whereas humor and substance use may be more predictive of improved speech performance.