Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Engineering Management and Project Triangle

There are complex and unforseen difficulties with owner and architect/engineer relationships over long distances. Where the technical support to the owner is not readily available, both owner and consultant need to be more sensitive to each other’s needs. A lack of communication skills and experience by both parties, budgetary constraints, and unforseen conditions can result in failure, unless the project managers understand the need for special consideration of these problems. The key is communication—not only receiving directions but also recognizing the professional experiences of both parties and developing a trust and understanding of each other’s position. The triangular relationship of cost, efficiency, and accuracy must be understood and negotiated before the project starts so that both owner and consultant understand the scope of work and the cost of the project. For the inexperienced engineering manager or consultant unfamiliar with remote sites, this relationship can strain the professionalism of both parties. This paper describes the engineer-consultant management pitfalls inherent in long-distance project management and any added costs, and provides do’s and don’ts to manage a technical consultant or project by long-distance. Understanding the project triangle is the key.
The interactive CDRG using infrared beacons

Universal Traffic Management Society of Japan and Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department are planning to implement the interactive centrally determined route guidance (CDRG) system. The system selects the recommended route using link travel time data, which is gathered by the traffic control system. Therefore, even in the early stages of its adoption when it cannot obtain large amounts of travel time data measured by in-vehicle units, the system can still provide guidance relating to the shortest route in terms of the time required. We constructed the CDRG trial system for use on major roads in central Tokyo in 1996, and since then have successfully conducted a series of four field tests, which proved the superiority of our route guidance system.
A NEW ACTIVE CONTROL STRATEGY FOR WIND-TURBINE BLADES UNDER OFF-DESIGN CONDITIONS

A new active control strategy for wind-turbine blades under off-design conditions has been investigated in this paper. According to our previous work, in comparison with the traditional straight leading-edge blade, a new kind of bionic blades with a sinusoidal leading edge can significantly enhance the turbine's power output at high speed inflows. However, the wavy leading-edge shape is unfavorable under the design operating conditions since an early boundary-layer separation is inevitable for a wind-turbine blade because of the geometric disturbances of the leading-edge tubercles. But for the present active control, the deflect in wavy leading-edge blades can be eliminated by introducing a series of small flat delta wings as the control units, since delta wings can also generate powerful leading-edge vortices. As a preliminary test, our numerical results show that, the shaft-torque fluctuation in the turbine's stall region can be improved from 27.8% for a straight leading-edge blade (no control) to 8.9% for the present active control; and by adjusting the control parameters, the control units nearly have not any negative effect on the blade's shaft torque under the design conditions. We believe that, as an auxiliary tool of the conventional control strategies, the present active control approach may be favorable to generate a more stable and more controllable power output for wind turbines under all operating conditions (even in the yawed inflows).
The Determinants of Scoring in NFL Games and Beating the Over/Under Line

In this paper we attempt to predict the total points scored in National Football League (NFL) games for the 2005-2006 season. Separate regression equations are identified for predicting points for the home and away teams in individual games based on information known prior to the games. The predictions from the regression equations (updated weekly) are then compared to the over/under line on individual NFL games in a wagering experiment to determine if a successful betting strategy can be identified. All predictions in this paper are out-of-sample. Using this methodology, we find that several successful wagering procedures could have been applied to the 2005-2006 NFL season. We also estimate a single equation to predict the over/under line for individual games. That is, we test to see if the variables we have collected and formulated are important in predicting the line for NFL games.
Predicting the Hydrological Impacts of Future Climate Change in a Humid-Subtropical Watershed

Future climate change is expected to impact the natural systems. This study used future climate data of general circulation models (GCMs) to investigate the impacts of climate change during the future period (2062–2095) relative to the historical period (1981–2014) on the hydrological system of the Minjiang river watershed, China. A previously calibrated soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) was employed to simulate the future hydrology under the impacts of changes in temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric CO2 concentration for four shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP 1, 2, 3, and 5) of the CMIP6. The study revealed that the impacts of increase in future temperature, i.e., increase in ET, and decrease in surface runoff, water, and sediment yield will be countered by increased atmospheric [CO2], and changes in the hydrological parameters in the future will be mostly associated to changes in precipitation. Data of the GCMs for all the SSPs predicts increase in precipitation of the watershed, which will cause increase in surface runoff, water yield, and sediment yield. Surface runoff will increase more in SSP 5 (47%), while sediment and water yield will increase more in SSP 1, by 33% and 23%, respectively. At the seasonal scale, water yield and surface runoff will increase more in autumn and winter in SSP 1, while in other scenarios, these parameters will increase more in the spring and summer seasons. Sediment yield will increase more in autumn in all scenarios. Similarly, the future climate change is predicted to impact the important parameters related to the flow regime of the Minjiang river, i.e., the frequency and peak of large floods (flows > 14,000 m3/s) will increase along the gradient of scenarios, i.e., more in SSP 5 followed by 3, 2, and 1, while duration will increase in SSP 5 and decrease in the other SSPs. The frequency and duration of extreme low flows will increase in SSP 5 while decrease in SSP 1. Moreover, peak of extreme low flows will decrease in all scenarios except SSP 1, in which it will increase. The study will improve the general understanding about the possible impacts of future climate change in the region and provide support for improving the management and protection of the watershed’s water and soil resources.
Accelerometers-Embedded Lycra Sleeves to Test Wear Compliance and Upper-Limb Activity in People with Stroke: A Feasibility Study

ABSTRACT Introduction To establish a possible effect of Lycra sleeves, accurate recording of wear time is critical. The aim of this study was to test whether an accelerometer-embedded Lycra sleeve can measure wear compliance and record upper-limb (UL) movements/activity in people with stroke. Methods Seven adults with stroke resulting in unilateral UL weakness were approached for participation in this study as a convenience sample, and five participants were recruited. Participants wore accelerometer-embedded Lycra sleeve on their affected arm for 8 to 10 hrs/d for 14 days and were prescribed four simple UL exercises. They completed a diary to record daily sleeve wear time and exercise times. Upper-limb function, shoulder muscle strength, range of movement, and pain were assessed at days 1 and 14. Results Seven participants were approached, and five participants (72 ± 10 years) were recruited. The mean time since stroke was 20 months. Using an acceleration movement threshold of 0.01 g (g = acceleration of gravity) and the constructed algorithm, the sleeve donning and doffing time was identified. The mean accelerometer and diary-recorded wear time were 11.64 hrs/d (SD, 2.64) and 11.27 hrs/d (SD, 2.03), respectively. Individual spikes above threshold indicated UL activity but could not distinguish participant-recorded exercises from daily UL use. Arm function showed improvement in three of five participants. Conclusions Accelerometers provide a practical method to record wear time of a Lycra sleeve, overcoming the necessity for patients to keep diaries, which can often be unreliable. A more sensitive accelerometer that can detect the direction of the acceleration and movement should be considered in future studies. Clinical Relevance Accelerometers provide accurate data on Lycra sleeve wear time and may help with monitoring adherence.
Identification of Factors Affecting Risk Appetite of Organizations in Selection of Mega Construction Projects

Risk appetite is a crucial component that plays a key role in the decision-making process of project risk management. Despite rising scholarly interest in project risk management, risk appetite has received little attention thus far. A well-defined risk appetite ensures that all decisions taken throughout the course of a project are consistent with an organization’s ultimate strategic aim. This research aims to identify the factors affecting the risk appetite of megaproject selection in the construction sector. The study adds to the knowledge of risk appetite in mega construction project selection and qualitatively examines the factors affecting risk appetite. Exploratory research design is used to identify these factors. The factors are identified using semi-structured interviews of 30 practitioners from the top and middle management working on mega construction projects. Thematic analysis was performed using NVIVO academic software. The most highlighted factors are financial attributes, board of directors’ agility, political factors, project location and demographics. The proposed conceptual framework identifies the factors affecting the risk appetite of mega construction project selection. These factors may be utilized as a starting point by construction project organizations to evaluate the risk appetite of a mega construction project. Risk appetite-based project selection will decrease chances of failures, delays, and cost overruns in mega-projects. These factors can be used by researchers as a rationale for developing predictive or descriptive models of project selection based on risk appetite.
Phenomic selection is competitive with genomic selection for breeding of complex traits

The efficiency of breeding programs depends on the ability to screen large numbers of individuals. For complex traits like yield, this can be assisted by genomic selection, which is based on estimating breeding values with genome‐wide marker data. Here, we evaluate phenomic prediction, which, similar to its genomic counterpart, aims to predict the performance of untested individuals but using near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) data. In a large panel of 944 soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ] recombinant inbred lines phenotyped for seed yield, thousand‐seed weight, and plant height at three locations, we demonstrate that the phenomic predictive abilities are high and comparable with those obtained by genomic prediction. We found that ridge regression best linear unbiased prediction performs well for phenomic prediction and that the number of wavelengths can be reduced without a decrease in predictive ability. For prediction at different locations, NIRS data from a single location can be used. However, NIRS data from different environments, like years, should be connected by common genotypes in training and prediction sets. Phenomic prediction appears to be less susceptible to relatedness between individuals in training and prediction sets than genomic prediction, as generally half‐sib but also unrelated families achieved high predictive abilities. Moreover, for the same training set sizes phenomic prediction resulted in higher predictive abilities compared to genomic prediction. Phenomic prediction can be applied at different stages in a breeding program, and collectively our results highlight the potential of this approach to increase genetic gain in plant breeding.
Rough-Rice Breakage in Relation to Kernel Thickness for Hand- and Combine-Harvested Rice

ABSTRACT FIVE lots of Starbonnet rough rice harvested both by hand and by combine were dried under ambient con-ditions and separated into four fractions according to the thickness of the kernels. The distribution of kennel thicknesses was related to the moisture content of the rice at harvest. X-ray photographs were used to detect cracked and broken kernels in the rough rice. In both the hand- and the combine-harvested samples, the thickest and thinnest grain had higher percentages of cracked and broken kernels than did kernels of itermediate thickness.
Consumption of Supplementary Inulin Modulates Milk Microbiota and Metabolites in Dairy Cows with Subclinical Mastitis

The profile of the microbial community and metabolic activity in milk are the main determinants of udder health status and milk quality. Recent studies have demonstrated that diet could directly modulate the mammary gland microbiome. ABSTRACT The milk microbiota and mediated metabolites directly affect the health of the udder in dairy cows. Inulin, a dietary prebiotic, can modulate the profile of gastrointestinal microbiota. However, whether the inulin intake affects the milk microbial population and metabolites remains unknown. In this study, 40 subclinical mastitis (SCM) cows were randomly divided into 5 groups. Five inulin addition doses, 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 g/day per cow, based on the same basal diet, were supplemented. The experiments lasted for 8 weeks. The results showed lower relative abundance of mastitis-causing and proinflammation microbes in milk (i.e., Escherichia-Shigella, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia, etc.) and higher abundances of probiotics and commensal bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, etc., in the cows fed 300 g/day inulin compared to that in the control group. Meanwhile, the levels of arachidonic acid proinflammatory mediators (leukotriene E3, 20-carboxy-leukotriene B4, and 12-Oxo-c-LTB3) and phospholipid metabolites were reduced, and the levels of compounds with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory potential (prostaglandin A1, 8-iso-15-keto-prostaglandin E2 [PGE2], etc.) and participating energy metabolism (citric acid, l-carnitine, etc.) were elevated. These data suggested that inulin intake might modulate the microflora and metabolite level in extraintestinal tissue, such as mammary gland, which provided an alternative for the regulation and mitigation of SCM. IMPORTANCE The profile of the microbial community and metabolic activity in milk are the main determinants of udder health status and milk quality. Recent studies have demonstrated that diet could directly modulate the mammary gland microbiome. Inulin is a probiotic dietary fiber which can improve the microbiota population in the gastrointestinal tract. However, whether inulin intake can further regulate the profile of the microbiota and metabolic activities in milk remains unclear. In subclinical mastitic cows, we found that inulin supplementation could reduce the abundance of Escherichia-Shigella, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, and Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia and the levels of (±)12, 13-DiHOME, leukotriene E3 and 20-carboxy-leukotriene B4 etc., while it elevated the abundance of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Muribaculaceae, as well as the levels of prostaglandin A1 (PGA1), 8-iso-15-keto-PGE2, benzoic acid, etc. in milk. These data suggest that inulin intake affects the profile of microorganisms and metabolites in milk, which provides an alternative for the regulation of mastitis.
Access Control Mechanism supporting Scalability, Interoperability and Flexibility of Multi-Domain Smart Grid System ?

With increasing interests in ecient energy management fol- lows a rapid development of smart grid. With the help of information technology in smart grid, many smart grid subjects such as a user, a ser- vice provider, or even a service component, can access to another smart grid system components freely and frequently. Such highly occurring ac- cess controls between smart grid components may raise the possibilities of security breaches such as an unauthorized access to a resource or a system breakdown. To address these security issues, we need to develop proper access control mechanisms for smart grid system. Therefore, we propose access control mechanisms optimized for smart grid. We rst dened security requirements of smart grid and analyzed existing access control models whether existing access control models can be applied for smart grid applications. Next we proposed an improved access control framework which satises the security requirements we have dened. Fi-
Do automated vehicle (AV) enthusiasts value travel time differently from cautious travelers? an exploration of travelers’ attitudes towards AV

ABSTRACT The anticipation of automated vehicles (AV) has resulted in diverse research topics, including understanding the adoption and usage of this emerging mode. Using attitudinal indicators, this paper identifies prevalent types of attitudes towards AV. It then explores the variation of those attitudes across different demographic groups and quantifies the influence of these attitudes on the preference for AV. The paper uses stated preference survey data collected among respondents of Chicago in 2019. The exploratory factor analysis of the attitudinal indicators identifies four factors, namely ‘Cautious Travelers’, ‘Hedonists’, ‘Utilitarians’, and ‘Safety-First’. Next, the paper develops an integrated choice and latent variable model to test the influence of these four types of attitudes on the preference for AV. The results indicate that the cautious travelers associate higher Value of Travel Time (VOTT) to AV and enthusiasts associate lower VOTT to AV than a base model without such attitudes.
Controlling the bone regeneration properties of bioactive glass: Effect of particle shape and size

Abstract The ability of particulate bioactive glass to function as an effective bone graft material is directly related to its in vivo dissolution, ion release, and interparticle spacing (area associated with bone in‐growth). A spherical shape represents an optimal geometry to control bioactive glass bone formation properties. Spherical particles were fabricated from 45S5 bioactive glass with unimodal (90–180, 180–355, and 355–500 μm) and bimodal size ranges (180–355/355–500 and 90–180/355–500 μm). Particles were formed into bone graft putties and compared to a commercially available product composed of irregular 45S5 bioactive glass particles (32–710 μm). Scanning electron microscopy characterization of spherical particles showed a relatively uniform sphere shape and smooth surfaces. Irregular particles were characterized by random shapes with flat surfaces and sharp edges. X‐ray fluorescence and X‐ray diffraction indicated that the spheroidization process maintained the properties of 45S5 bioactive glass. Cross‐sectional micro‐computed tomography imaging of the putty samples demonstrated that smaller spheres and irregular particles resulted denser packing patterns compared to the larger spheres. Isolated particles were immersed in simulated body fluid for 14 days to measure silicon ion release and bioactivity. Inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy showed faster ion release from smaller particles due to increased surface area. Bioactivity characterization of 14‐day simulated body fluid exposed particle surfaces showed the presence of a hydroxycarbanoapatite mineral layer (characteristic of 45S5 bioactive glass) on all bioactive glass particles. Results demonstrated that spherical particles maintained the properties of the starting 45S5 bioactive glass, and that particle shape and size directly affected short‐term glass dissolution, ion release, and interparticle spacing.
Pensar el Desarrollo Profesional Docente desde la Investigación: Rutas Participativas e Inclusivas

En concreto se plantea cómo ese trabajo con otros profesionales y agentes del ámbito socio-educativo enriquece y amplía el universo y desarrollo profesional de los docentes. Se propone asimismo el compromiso con enfoques más participativos, holísticos, contextuales, y sostenibles desde los que pensar y diseñar entornos de formación, indagación y aprendizaje que contribuyan al desarrollo profesional docente. Descriptores
Barriers of big data analytics for smart cities development: a context of emerging economies

ABSTRACT Smart cities use Big Data Analytics (BDA) for efficient and effective utilisation of resources and the adoption of big data analytics faces several barriers. Therefore, the main purpose of this research is to investigate the key barriers towards the adoption of BDA in smart cities development. To fulfil this objective, initially, 13 barriers of BDA adoption is identified and then prioritise using Best Worst Method (BWM). The finding shows that data complexity, framework for BDA adoption, lack of technologies for BDA are the important barriers that hinder the incorporation of BDA in smart city development. The main contribution of this study is that it proposes a framework for the evaluation of the BDA adoption barrier related to smart city development. The proposed framework can be helpful for policy and decision-makers to analyse the barriers of BDA adoption in smart city design and development. This study is helpful in undertaking these barriers in an optimised manner for the accelerated development of smart cities.
Brain White Matter Development Over the First 13 Years in Very Preterm and Typically Developing Children Based on the T1-w/T2-w Ratio

Background and Objectives To investigate brain regional white matter development in full-term (FT) and very preterm (VP) children at term equivalent and 7 and 13 years of age based on the ratio of T1- and T2-weighted MRI (T1-w/T2-w), including (1) whether longitudinal changes differ between birth groups or sexes, (2) associations with perinatal risk factors in VP children, and (3) relationships with neurodevelopmental outcomes at 13 years. Methods Prospective longitudinal cohort study of VP (born <30 weeks' gestation or <1,250 g) and FT infants born between 2001 and 2004 and followed up at term equivalent and 7 and 13 years of age, including MRI studies and neurodevelopmental assessments. T1-w/T2-w images were parcellated into 48 white matter regions of interest. Results Of 224 VP participants and 76 FT participants, 197 VP and 55 FT participants had useable T1-w/T2-w data from at least one timepoint. T1-w/T2-w values increased between term equivalent and 13 years of age, with little evidence that longitudinal changes varied between birth groups or sexes. VP birth, neonatal brain abnormalities, being small for gestational age, and postnatal infection were associated with reduced regional T1-w/T2-w values in childhood and adolescence. Increased T1-w/T2-w values across the white matter at 13 years were associated with better motor and working memory function for all children. Within the FT group only, larger increases in T1-w/T2-w values from term equivalent to 7 years were associated with poorer attention and executive function, and higher T1-w/T2-w values at 7 years were associated with poorer mathematics performance. Discussion VP birth and multiple known perinatal risk factors are associated with long-term reductions in the T1-w/T2-w ratio in white matter regions in childhood and adolescence, which may relate to alterations in microstructure and myelin content. Increased T1-w/T2-w ratio at 13 years appeared to be associated with better motor and working memory function and there appeared to be developmental differences between VP and FT children in the associations for attention, executive functioning, and mathematics performance.