Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flux Characteristics Analysis of a Single-Phase Tubular Switched Reluctance Linear Launcher Based on 3-D Magnetic Equivalent Circuit

This paper calculates the flux characteristic of a single-phase tubular switched reluctance linear launcher (TSRLL) with 3-D magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) method. First, the 3-D finite element (FE) model of the single-phase TSRLL is established in FLUX, which is the foundation of the 3-D MEC model. The single-phase TSRLL is divided into different parts, including the teeth of the stator, the yoke of the stator, air gap, the teeth of the mover, and the yoke of the mover. The flux linkage at different mover positions and different currents is calculated with the proposed 3-D MEC model. Compared with the 3-D finite-element analysis (FEA) results, 3-D MEC model can obtain the flux characteristics of the single-phase TSRLL in a shorter time. The result of the 3-D MEC of the single-phase TSRLL is consistent with the 3-D FEM results and the experimental results, which validates the correctness of the proposed 3-D MEC model.
A Knowledge Base of Mathematical Results

The basic unit of information of use by researchers in theoretical ﬁelds are the mathematical results. We aim to build a knowledge base of these results, using information extraction techniques on scholarly documents. We present an algorithm which extracts mathematical results and references to mathematical results from scientiﬁc papers, using their PDF or L A TEX sources. We analyse the results of our algorithm on the whole arXiv database of scien-tiﬁc papers and explore the resulting graph of mathematical results, which contains more than 6 million results and 4 . 5 million edges. We present attempts to link theorems of diﬀerent papers using a TFIDF vectorizer or an autoencoder.
Corrigendum to "Dopamine and serotonin regulate tumor behavior by affecting angiogenesis

The biogenic amines dopamine and serotonin are neurotransmitters and hormones, which are mainly produced in the central nervous system and in the gastro-intestinal tract. They execute local and systemic functions such as intestinal motility and tissue repair. Dopamine and serotonin are primarily stored in and transported by platelets. This review focuses on the recently recognized role of dopamine and serotonin in the regulation of tumor behavior by affecting angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. Preclinical studies demonstrate that dopamine inhibits tumor growth via activation of dopamine receptor D2 on endothelial and tumor cells. Serotonin stimulates tumor growth via activation of serotonin receptor 2B on endothelial cells and serotonin receptors on tumor cells. Drugs that stimulate dopamine receptor D2 or inhibit serotonin receptors are available and therefore clinical intervention studies for cancer patients are within reach.
Discretionary liquidity: Hedge funds, side pockets, and gates

During the recent financial crisis, more than 30% of hedge fund managers used their discretion to restrict investor liquidity through the use of “gates” or “side pockets. ” Using a database of hedge fund investor interests, this paper is the first to empirically examine the determinants of these discretionary liquidity restrictions (DLRs) and their consequences for hedge fund investors. We find that funds enacted DLRs following poor performance and when their portfolio assets were more illiquid. However, despite claims from managers that DLRs protected investor interests by preventing fire-sales, funds that enacted DLRs continued to underperform comparable funds. Consistent with DLRs reflecting agency problems, we find that restricting investor liquidity during the crisis had a negative impact on fund reputation that spilled over across the hedge fund family. DLR funds and their family affiliates had a more difficult time raising capital and were more likely to cut their fees in the post crisis era.
Enhancing Regional Seismic Velocity Models With Higher‐Resolution Local Results Using Sparse Dictionary Learning

We use sparse dictionary learning to develop transformations between seismic velocity models of different resolution and spatial extent. Starting with data in the common region of both models, the method can enhance a regional lower‐resolution model to match the style and resolution of local higher‐resolution results while preserving its regional coverage. The method is demonstrated by applying it to two‐dimensional VS and three‐dimensional VP and VS regional and local velocity models in southern California. The enhanced reconstructed regional results exhibit clear visual improvements, especially in the reconstructed VP/VS ratios, and better correlations with geological features. Moreover, the reconstructed regional VP, VS models outperform the original ones in comparison of simulated earthquake waveforms to observations. The improved fitting to observed waveforms extends beyond the domain of the overlapping region. The developed dictionary learning approach provides physically interpretable results and offers a powerful tool for additional applications of data enhancement in earth sciences.
Areawide Coordinated Cumulative Effects Analysis - Phase I

The Areawide Coordinated Cumulative Effects Analysis (ACCEA) project evaluated whether and how a spatial accounting approach can be used to identify the cumulative impacts on the environment that result from the incremental impacts of multiple transportation and other projects, and related urbanization at a regional scale. Spatial accounting methods were employed to inventory improvement or decline in the quality of key resources over multiple time periods, jurisdictions and projects. The tools of spatial accounting include (1) data typically housed in a geographic information system (GIS); (2) models for the evaluation of environmental effects resulting from transportation projects and programs; and (3) metrics such as indicators or thresholds, which can be used to assess the importance of change in resource qualities. The ACCEA project addressed a broad spectrum of environmental resources of concern, including land use and open space, and biological, water, cultural and community resources. Fourteen distinct resource areas were addressed during seven workshops held with resource experts representing transportation, environmental, and planning agencies and interest groups. A demonstration project was conducted which focused on land use change, habitat and water quality across the Denver metropolitan region. GIS and remote sensing tools were demonstrated to provide the means for data and models integration, thus providing a technical foundation for characterizing environmental effects. ACCEA was concluded to be feasible and can provide valuable support to both project-specific assessments of cumulative impacts as well as regional accounting of environmental resources relevant to transportation planning. The study results will facilitate the NEPA process by making information about cumulative effects analysis, environmental assessments, and environmental impact statements more readily available to those who are responsible for identifying and mitigating adverse environmental effects. The products of this project will be used to provide (1) general guidance and options for ACCEA transportation-related analysis in Colorado; and, (2) a review of opportunities for a coordinated approach in the Denver region.
Heavy fermions in high magnetic fields

Heavy fermion materials are prototypical strongly correlated electron systems, where the strong electron–electron interactions lead to a wide range of novel phenomena and emergent phases of matter. Due to the low energy scales, the relative strengths of the Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida (RKKY) and Kondo interactions can often be readily tuned by non-thermal control parameters such as pressure, doping, or applied magnetic fields, which can give rise to quantum criticality and unconventional superconductivity. Here we provide a brief overview of research into heavy fermion materials in high magnetic fields, focussing on three main areas. Firstly we review the use of magnetic fields as a tuning parameter, and in particular the ability to realize different varieties of quantum critical behaviors. We then discuss the properties of heavy fermion superconductors in magnetic fields, where experiments in applied fields can reveal the nature of the order parameter, and induce new novel phenomena. Finally we report recent studies of topological Kondo systems, including topological Kondo insulators and Kondo–Weyl semimetals. Here experiments in magnetic fields can be used to probe the topologically non-trivial Fermi surface, as well as related field-induced phenomena such as the chiral anomaly and topological Hall effect.
Genetic Architecture Underlying Proanthocyanidin Composition in American Hybrid Grapes

Background and goals Grapes accumulate proanthocyanidins (PAs), complex polymer mixtures of flavan-3-ol units, in the skin and seeds. The composition of PAs, including subunit ratio and polymer length, and total concentration, is important because of their relationship to sensory properties of grape and wine. It is known that the grape species Vitis vinifera and Vitis labruscana have remarkably different PA concentration and composition. A mapping population derived from a cross between V. labruscana and V. vinifera
PWE-188 Using a “conversion factor” to estimate adenoma detection rate

Introduction Adenoma detection rate (ADR) is the recommended surrogate marker for a thorough colonoscopic examination. Collecting histology makes its calculation arduous so polyp detection rate (PDR) is often used instead. It has been proposed that the ADR:PDR ratio can be used as a “conversion factor” to accurately estimate ADR. Work from the Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (BCSP) has shown that adenomas are more prevalent in this population suggesting the ratio may be different. We aimed to assess the feasibility of using a “conversion factor” to estimate ADR from PDR in different UK populations. Methods Colonoscopy performance data from the symptomatic services were collected over a 3-month period from 12 units in the northern region of England. Data from all procedures performed by BCSP accredited colonoscopists were excluded from this group. National colonoscopy performance data were extracted from the BCSP database from a 12-month period. Colonoscopists detecting polyps in ≥10 patients were included. Data collected included colonoscopist, PDR and ADR. The conversion factor was calculated separately for each group. The ADR:PDR ratio was calculated at the level of the colonoscopist and the group mean used as the conversion factor. The estimated ADR was calculated using: PDR × conversion factor. The relationship between the actual and estimated ADR was evaluated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results In the symptomatic services 3219 colonoscopies were performed by 55 colonoscopists. In the BCSP 31 017 procedures were performed by 147 colonoscopists. The PDR and ADR respectively for the symptomatic group were 30.7%, IQR 24.8–40.0 and 18.0%, IQR 14.0–24.0, and for the BCSP group were 59.3%, IQR 53.8–65.0 and 46.0%, IQR 43.0–51.3. The ADR:PDR ratio in the symptomatic and BCSP groups were 0.59 (IQR 0.47–0.69) and 0.78 (IQR 0.74–0.81). The correlation between the estimated and actual ADR was 0.68 (p<0.001) and 0.83 (p<0.001) for the symptomatic and BCSP groups respectively. Conclusion We demonstrate using estimated ADR, when calculation of ADR is not feasible, may be an acceptable marker of quality in colonoscopy. The difference in the conversion factors between the groups studied here is likely to be due to the selected population colonoscoped within the BCSP but suggests it will need to be adjusted for different patient populations. Studies to further validate this concept and ensure that conversion factors remain consistent over time are ongoing. Competing interests None declared.
Çoklu Kontrast MRG’de Çoklu Görüntü Geriçatımı Multi-Image Reconstruction in Multi-Contrast MRI

—The acquisition of multiple contrast magnetic resonance images (MRI) has an important role in clinical diagnosis by increasing diagnostic knowledge. Long scanning durations, in which the patient must remain immobile, limits the acquisition of multiple contrast MRIs. Scanning times can be reduced by undersampled acquisitions and reconstruction of undersampled images. Common methods produce a fully sampled MR image of a single contrast from undersampled MR image of the same contrast. However, limited prior information of a single contrast MR image in the input data limits the reconstruction performance. Hence, reconstruction performance can be increased with the use of multiple contrast MRI as input data. In this study, a multi-contrast MRI reconstruction method is proposed which simultaneously produces fully sampled images from undersampled images of more than one contrast. This method is applied using generative adversarial network that produce highly realistic images by better recovering the high frequency details. The proposed method has been tested on a dataset containing multiple contrast brain MR images, and it has been demonstrated that it provides superior performance compared to the alternative single contrast reconstruction method as a result of numerical and visual evaluations.
A simulation study of the 2003 heatwave in Europe

A devastating heatwave that struck much of western Europe during the first two weeks of August, 2003 was studied as a case of strong summer blocking, using high-resolution global atmospheric simulation model output and the NCEP/NCAR reanalyses. From the reanalyses data diagnoses, the heatwave was found to be caused by an eastward shift in the location of a summer blocking that occurs sometimes over the North Atlantic. Further diagnoses reveal a region of anomalously strong vertical flux of high-frequency waves in the central North Atlantic preceding the heatwave, suggesting that it may be a potential cause of the eastward shift. Six simulations of a period, July 1 – August 15 2003, were performed with AFES, using the daily observed SST in the control run and the climatological SST in parts or all of oceans in the other runs. The control run reproduced the heatwave reasonably well, as well as some of the wave forcing found in the reanalyses data. In three other runs that were forced with the climatological SST everywhere or in selected regions did not reproduce the heatwave at all, with a blocking occurring farther west of that in the control run. These runs did not produce the suspected key wave forcing for the heatwave either. The results suggest an important role of the anomalously strong wave forcing in the central North Atlantic in shifting the blocking location and, thus, bringing the heatwave to western Europe.
PHILOSOPHY OF MANAGEMENT OF OLIVER SHELDON

: The present-paper entitled ‘Philosophy of Management of Oliver Sheldon’ is an attempt to present the overall-ideas of Oliver Sheldon regarding the management. Sheldon was a British-management-philosopher. This paper is divided into four-parts. First-part is the introduction of Oliver Sheldon; second-part is concept of management; third-part is management-functions; and fourth-part is the conclusion. Oliver Sheldon presents notion upon seventeen-management-functions (preparation, production, facilitation, distribution, planning, objective, decision-making, organizing, control, leader/leadership, managerial-job, manager-subordinate-relations, training-development, efficiency, coordination and accuracy).
STUDY OF THE FLOW THROUGH NON-SUBMERGED VEGETATION

Vegetation is an important feature of many rivers. Vegetation along rivers produces high resistance to flow and, as a result, has a large impact on water levels in rivers and lakes. The effects of instream-unsubmerged vegetat ion (such as the reed-similar Kalmus) on flow resistance and velocity distribut ions is studied in the paper. Artificial vegetation is used in the experimental study to simulate the Acorus Calmus L. As shown in experimental tests the re sist ance depends strongly on vegetation density and the Manning resistance coef ficient varies with the depth of flow. A simplified model based on concepts of d rag is developed to evaluate the roughness coefficient (Manning’s n) for no n-submerged vegetation. In vegetated channels the overall flow resistance is in fluenced significantly by the distribution pattern of the vegetated beds. Within vegetation, vertical variation in velocity is different from that in the non-v egetated bed, which reflects the variation in vegetation density. Vertical turbu lent transport of momentum is negligible as demonstrated by experiments.
GSM BASED INDUSTRY PROTECTION SYSTEM

: Today, smart grid, smart homes, smart water networks, intelligent transportation, are infrastructure systems that connect our world more than we ever thought possible. The common vision of such systems is usually associated with one single concept, the Internet of Things (IoT), where using sensors, the entire physical infrastructure is closely coupled with information and communication technologies; where intelligent monitoring and management can be achieved via the usage of networked embedded devices. These devices will connect to internet to share different types of data. We have proposed an Industrial Monitoring System using WIFI module and sensing based applications for internet of things. By detecting the values of sensors, it can easily find out the Temperature, humidity, over load and gas present in the industrial area.
Dipole source localization of event-related brain activity indicative of visual selective attention in ADHD and normal control children.

Objective : This study was aimed at investigating whether attention-deﬁcit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children suffer from speciﬁc early selective attention deﬁcits in the visual modality with the aid of event-related brain potentials (ERPs). Furthermore, brain source localization was applied to identify brain areas underlying possible deﬁcits in selective visual processing in ADHD children. Methods : A two-channel visual color selection task was administered to 18 ADHD and 18 control subjects in the age range of 7–13 years and ERP activity was derived from 30 electrodes. Results : ADHD children exhibited lower perceptual sensitivity scores resulting in poorer target selection. The ERP data suggested an early selective-attention deﬁcit as manifested in smaller frontal positive activity (frontal selection positivity; FSP) in ADHD children around 200 ms whereas later occipital and fronto-central negative activity (OSN and N2b; 200–400 ms latency) appeared to be unaffected. Source localization explained the FSP by posterior-medial equivalent dipoles in control subjects, which may reﬂect the contribution of numerous surrounding areas. Conclusions : ADHD children have problems with selective visual processing that might be caused by a speciﬁc early ﬁltering deﬁcit (absent FSP) occurring around 200 ms. The neural sources underlying these problems have to be further identiﬁed. Source localization also suggested abnormalities in the 200–400 ms time range, pertaining to the distribution of attention-modulated activity in lateral frontal areas.
oft error resilient QR factorization for hybrid system with GPGPU

The general purpose graphics processing units (GPGPUs) are increasingly deployed for scientific computing due to their performance advantages over CPUs. What followed is the fact that fault tolerance has become a more serious concern compared to the period when GPGPUs were used exclusively for graphics applications. Using GPUs and CPUs together in a hybrid computing system increases flexibility and performance but also increases the possibility of the computations being affected by soft errors, for example, in the form of bit flips. In this work, we propose a soft error resilient algorithm for QR factorization on eywords: ault tolerance oft error R factorization igh performance computing such hybrid systems. Our contributions include: (1) a checkpointing and recovery mechanism for the left-factor Q whose performance is scalable on hybrid systems; (2) optimized Givens rotation utilities on GPGPUs to efficiently reduce an upper Hessenberg matrix to an upper triangular form for the protection of the right factor R; and (3) a recovery algorithm based on QR update on GPGPUs. Experimental results show that our fault tolerant QR factorization can successfully detect and recover from soft errors in the verh ybrid algorithm entire matrix with little o
Prevalence and correlates of sexual interest in children

Despite debates on what should constitute sexual interest in children in terms of definition and diagnostic criteria and its strong association with individuals who commit sexual offences against children, research in this area has shown that sexual interest in children is also commonly seen in the general population. Studies in this field have investigated its prevalence and its correlates. However, most research on this topic has focused on men and most particularly sex offender populations. When investigating the general population, again the vast majority of studies used male samples and students. Objective: This systematic review aimed to critically evaluate previous research on the prevalence of sexual interest in children across populations and to examine its correlates. Methods: A search of relevant databases was conducted as well as a hand search of selected journals to identify eligible papers. Studies meeting the inclusion criteria had their data extracted and were assessed for risk of bias, with a second rater to establish inter-rater reliability. Results: A total of 30 studies were reviewed and results indicated a mean prevalence rate of sexual interest in children between 2%-24%. Findings also indicated correlates such as the presence of mental health problems and adverse childhood experiences. Most studies showed poor external validity, with the majority of them scoring high on risk of bias. Conclusion: Overall, the findings indicate inconsistencies in terms of methodology and definition/diagnostic criteria of sexual interest in children. Further research in this area using recommended methodology to avoid biases is recommended.
A Model of the Moon's Volatile Depletion

The Moon is widely accepted to have been formed by the impact of a Mars-sized planet with the Earth, causing the ejection of several lunar masses of rocky material into a protolunar disk [1]. This material derived primarily from the impactor’s mantle (80%) and the Earth’s mantle (20%) [2,3]; barring substantial compositional differences between the impactor and Earth, one would expect the Moon’s composition to resemble the terrestrial mantle. The Moon’s oxygen isotopic composition very closely matches the Earth’s, strongly implying that the protolunar disk exchanged material with the postimpact Earth for an extended period of time, further erasing compositional differences [4]. Since volatiles are presumably as mobile, this exchange should have left the Moon with terrestrial abundances of volatiles like H2O (≈ 500 ppm; [5]), Na (≈ 2500 ppm; [6]), and K (≈ 240 ppm; [6]). In fact, the Moon is depleted in these and other volatiles. Recent analyses of lunar samples suggest a bulk lunar abundance of H2O in the range 0.1 30 ppm [7-10]; we adopt ≤ 10 ppm, implying the moon retains < 2% of the total water originally present in the protolunar disk. While some volatiles (e.g., Bi) are depleted by a factor of 10 more, many are depleted by lower factors: the bulk lunar abundances of Na (600 ppm; [11]) and K (80 ppm; [11]) imply depletions by factors of 3-4. Any depletion is difficult to reconcile with the mixing implied by the oxygen isotopic homogeneity, and the magnitude of the H2O depletion is difficult to explain quantitatively: what process can remove 98% of the water but not 100%? Here we present the first steps in developing a model to quantitatively explain the Moon’s volatile depletions.