Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Value of a Support Person During the Surgical Consent Process: A Prospective Cohort Study

Objective The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of support person participation during the preoperative appointment. Methods This is a prospective cohort study involving patients scheduled to undergo pelvic reconstructive surgery. Eligible patients were enrolled at the preoperative appointment and compared by presence or absence of a support person. Questionnaires were completed before and after the preoperative appointment, 1–3 days before surgery, and at the postoperative appointment. Previsit questionnaires included the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, 6-item short form of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-6), and Brief Health Literacy screen. Postvisit questionnaires included the STAI-6, satisfaction with decision scale for pelvic floor disorders, preoperative preparedness questionnaire, and knowledge questionnaire. At the postoperative appointment, participants completed the patient global impression of improvement and postoperative symptom and satisfaction questionnaire. Primary outcome was patient anxiety measured by the STAI-6. Results Seventy-six patients participated in the study: 37 were categorized in the support person cohort and 39 were categorized in the no support person cohort. The mean scores of the STAI-6 did not differ between the support person and no support person cohorts at all time points (previsit: 42.97 ± 13.23 vs 41.53 ± 17.11, P = 0.68; postvisit: 38.11 ± 12.76 vs 36.33 ± 11.72, P = 0.53, and 1–3 days before surgery: 42.61 ± 13.0 vs 41.05 ± 16.39, P = 0.65). Overall preparedness, satisfaction with decision scale for pelvic floor disorders, and knowledge questionnaire did not differ between cohorts at both time points. Perioperative phone calls were similar between cohorts. Conclusion Our study suggests that the presence of a support person at preoperative counseling for pelvic floor surgery should be a personal preference and not a recommendation.
Nanoporous Carbon Materials toward Phenolic Compounds Adsorption

Nanoporous carbon-based sorbents are used to generate a three-dimensional real-space model of the nanoporous structure using the concept of Gaussian random fields. This pore model is used to derive important pore size characteristics, which are cross-validated against the corresponding values from gas sorption analysis. After filling the model pore structure with an aqueous electrolyte and rearranging the ions via a Monte Carlo simulation for different applied adsorption potentials. In comparison to nanopores formed from solid-state membranes (e.g., silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, polymer membranes, glass, hafnium oxide, gold, etc.) and very recently 2D materials (e.g., boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, etc.), those nanopores produced from carbon materials (e.g., graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), diamond, etc.), especially those from graphene appear to be perfect for adsorption process. The thickness of carbon structures nanopores can be as thin as 0.35 nm, resembling the height of the base spacing. Moreover, the sizes of carbon structures nanopores can be precisely fabricated and tuned to around 1.0 nm, the similar size of many heavy metals and organic pollutants molecules. Furthermore, carbon materials are chemically stable and feature-rich surface chemistry. Therefore, various carbon nanopore sequencing techniques have been developed. Finally, in this chapter the adsorption of phenolic compounds on nanoporous carbon specifically the active carbon are overviewed and how to affect the heterogeneity of activated carbon surface, PH of the solution on the efficiency of adsorption.
Theoretical Study of Tunable Optical Resonators in Periodic and Quasiperiodic One-Dimensional Photonic Structures Incorporating a Nematic Liquid Crystal

In this work, the transfer matrix method (TMM) is employed to investigate the optical properties of one-dimensional periodic and quasiperiodic photonic crystals containing nematic liquid crystal (NLC) layers. This structure is expressed as (ABC)J(CBA)J and made of alternated layers of isotropic dielectrics SiO2 (A), BGO (B) and nematic liquid crystal (C). The simulation study shows that the proposed ternary configuration exhibits tunable defect mode within the photonic band gap (PBG) that can be manipulated by adjusting the thicknesses of NLC layers in order of the periodic lattice. In addition, the optimized structure permits for strong confinement light giving rise to an optical microcavity. The application of an applied voltage into NLC layers enables improving the sensitivity by guiding the local defect mode. It has been also shown that by applying quasiperiodic inflation according to Rudin Shapiro Sequence (RSS) scheme to main periodic structure, several tunable resonant modes appear within the PBG. The presence of such sharp resonant peaks reflects that the quasiperiodic NLC-based structure behaves like multiple microcavites with strong light-matter coupling.
China and Cambodia Iron-Clad Relations: A Case Study of the Impact of China’s Official Development Finance, Economic Infrastructure Developments on Cambodia’s Exponential Economic Growth from 2010 to 2019

Cambodia is one of the oldest and the most trusted of China’s alliance. Chinese foreign assistance has influenced in interests of politics, strategics and economics. This article seeks to explore the close interaction of China’s foreign financial aid influences and contributions in respect to economic infrastructure development on economic growth. Methods: Using in-depth interviews with twelve key experts’ participants are conducted and transcribed by the author. The data analysis is employed thematic analysis and using Nvivo 10 are used to analysis, all interviews are transcribed by the author number of codes in systematic way by reducing data from the codes and then develop themes from the codes. Results: Chinese foreign assistance in respect to economic infrastructure development has increased contributions to economic interests and economic growth in short run and long run in Cambodia. Chinese foreign assistance to Cambodia contributes to mutual complementary interests in economic prosperity and on economic growth. Conclusions: Chinese foreign assistance has positive contributions to economic growth, despite 20 percent of participants are concerned over Chinese financial assistance on some low quality of economic infrastructure development.
Chemical composition, safety and efficacy of Pistacia vera L. oleoresin essential oils in experimental wounds

ABSTRACT The aims of the study were to evaluate the wound-healing properties in an in-vivo model of the essential oils from Algerian and Italian Pistacia vera L. oleoresins. The essential oils (EOs) were obtained by hydrodistillation of oleoresins from the trunk of plants. They were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS, α-pinene was the main constituent of both EOs. The wound-healing potential of P. vera EOs was investigated using an excision wound model in rabbits. The EOs were mixed with petroleum jelly to obtain a topical ointment with a final concentration of 5%. The percentage of the evolution of wound contraction was calculated and histological sections of tissues were examined. Both preparations possess wound-healing activities comparable to that of the reference drug Cicatryl-Bio. Some EOs exhibit a wound-healing potential suggesting that they could find a place in modern therapy.
Analisis Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Provinsi-Provinsi di Indonesia Menggunakan Indeks Baru Berdasarkan Metode Resampling

Pada penelitian ini dibahas tentang penggunaan Indeks Baru untuk mengukur autokorelasi spasial secara global. Kontribusi utama dari karya ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi antara Indeks Geary dan Indeks Moran. Selain itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh spasial terhadap IPM Provinsi-Provinsi di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan adalah data IPM provinsi-provinsi di Indonesia tahun 2010 – 2018. Prosedur yang dilakukan adalah dengan mengukur data IPM menggunakan Indeks Geary dan Indeks Moran. Selanjutnya nilai Indeks Geary dan Indeks Moran digunakan untuk mencari korelasi yang terjadi antara Indeks Geary dan Indeks Moran. Korelasi yang terbentuk antara Indeks Geary dan Indeks Moran sangat kuat sehingga Indeks Baru dapat dirumuskan. Untuk memvalidasi keakuratan Indeks Baru dilakukan uji autokorelasi spasial terhadap Indeks Baru menggunakan Metode Bootstrap dan resampling berdasarkan estimasi densitas Kernel. Berdasarkan hasil resampling menggunakan metode bootstrap dan resampling berdasarkan estimasi densitas Kernel dengan pengulangan sebanyak 10000 kali ditemukan bahwa nilai-p tahun 2010 – 2018 berkisar antara 0,001 – 0,006 yang berarti terdapat autokorelasi spasial atau terdapat keterkaitan erat antara IPM provinsi dengan IPM provinsi-provinsi yang bertetangga. Dengan kata lain, bahwa antar provinsi satu dengan provinsi yang berbatasan memiliki kemiripan nilai IPM atau saling berkorelasi. Dengan didapatkannya hasil analisis ini, maka dapat menjadi acuan pemerintah dalam melakukan pemerataan pembangunan disetiap provinsi di Indonesia dengan mempertimbangkan keterkaitan antar provinsi di Indonesia.
Evaluating the effectiveness of dichotic training in the elderly adults: a single subject study

Background and Aim: Elderly people usually show poor performance in dichotic listening tasks. In this condition, the left ear being often the weaker one shows a performance below the normal limits. Studies have shown the effectiveness of dichotic listening training in auditory and language processing for adults and children with neurological disorders. This study aimed to develop a home-version of dichotic training and investigate its effectiveness in elderly adults. Methods: Participants in this single-subject interventional study (AB design) were four elderly subjects (two males and two females) aged 65−75 years. The main inclusion criteria were dichotic listening deficit demonstrated by the dichotic digit test (DDT), no neurological or cognitive disorders, and normal hearing threshold. Dichotic listening training was performed with an informal home-version of dichotic interaural intensity difference (DIID) training program for seven weeks. DDT was performed seven consecutive weeks before (phase A) and after the intervention (phase B) at the end of each week. Results: Data were analyzed by single-subject study statistics. Findings demonstrated an improvement in DDT scores for the left ear and decrease in right ear advantage scores in all the elderly adults after DIID training program. It seems that this training program could remediate poor performance in dichotic listening tasks in elderly people. Conclusion: The advantage of this method is that it can be easily done at home and is costeffective. However, further studies are needed to approve the neuroplasticity and structural changes in the brain after the DIID training program in this population.
Recent Approaches on Classification and Feature Extraction of EEG Signal: A Review

Abstract Objective: Electroencephalography (EEG) has an influential role in neuroscience and commercial applications. Most of the tools available for EEG signal analysis use machine learning to extract the required information. So, the study of robust techniques for feature extraction and classification is an important thing to understand the practical use of EEG. The paper aims that if there is any special tool for a particular task. Which feature domain or classifier has a significant role in EEG signal analysis? Approach: It presents a detailed report of the current trend for bio-electrical signals classification focusing on various classifiers’ advantages and disadvantages. This study includes literature from 2000 to 2021 with a brief description of EEG signal origin and advancement in classification techniques. Results: Randomly used classifiers for EEG signal can be categorized into five classes, namely Linear Classifiers, Nearest Neighbor Classifiers, Nonlinear Bayesian Classifiers, Neural Networks, and Combinations of Classifiers. Approximately 40% of studies use Support Vector Machine, Nearest Neighbor, and their combination with others. For specific tasks, particular classifiers are recommended in the survey. Features can be defined into four categories, namely TDFs, FDFs, TFDFs, and statistical features, where 39% of studies used TFDFs. Multi-domains features are preferred when the required information cannot be obtained from one domain. Significance: The paper summarizes the recent approaches for feature extraction and classification of EEG signals. It describes the brain waves with their classification, related behavior, and task with the physiological correlation. The comparative analysis of different classifiers, toolbox, the channel used, accuracy, and the number of subjects from various studies can help the practitioners choose a suitable classifier. Furthermore, future directions can cope up with the relevant problems and can lead to accurate classification.
End-user development of smart home rules using block-based programming: a comparative usability evaluation with programmers and non-programmers

ABSTRACT The use of Smart Homes has grown considerably in the past decade. Enabling end-users to develop rules to program their homes and devices is very important to empower them. Several studies have analysed trigger-action programming tools, primarily using form-based and data-flow approaches for programming interfaces. This study evaluated the usability of a block-based tool for end-user development of rules to control smart homes and compared the difficulties encountered by non-programmers and programmers. Evaluations involved 10 programmers and 10 non-programmers in Brazil. A thematic analysis of 247 problem instances (80 from programmers and 167 from non-programmers) yielded the following themes, with problems related to condition blocks, action blocks, states and actions, time-related tasks, block configuration and personalisation, information architecture, programming logic, conceptual model of smart homes, simulator and debugging, help and technical problems. Despite most non-programmers being able to experiment with blocks, their task completion rates were significantly lower than programmers. The analysis showed aspects where block-based programming can enhance the use for non-programmers. They also confirmed interaction aspects revealed by previous studies using form-based and data-flow approaches that also occur with block-based programming to design smart home rules, with important contributions to improve end-user development tools for smart homes.
STATE-DEPENDENT FORMATION OF INFLATION EXPECTATIONS

The learning-from-experience model of Malmendier and Nagel [(2016) Quarterly Journal of Economics 131, 53–87] successfully reproduces the heterogeneity in inflation expectations across age groups. However, inflation expectations presumably depend on not only age and experience but also inflation regime. Therefore, this paper proposes an extended learning-from-experience model, in which expectation formation depends on inflation regime. Estimating the model with US data, I find that when inflation is higher and more volatile, households place more weight on recent data when making private forecasts. Moreover, in this regime, households rely more heavily on private forecasts than on public information.
Clever or foolish? Playing with the rivalry in leveraging sports sponsorships of SMEs

This article explores the significance of sports sponsorships by small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Due to limited resources, and the high-intensity competition among sponsors for the recipient’s attention, SMEs have to look for alternative ways to exploit the potential of their sponsorships. With the help of an experimental research design, two studies examine the effects of integrating existing sporting rivalries between sports teams into the leveraging of sponsorships. Among both fans (study 1) and local residents (study 2), the reference to a sporting rivalry in sponsorship leveraging has positive effects on sponsorship-fit, attitudes towards sponsorship and brand attitudes towards the sponsor. Negative attitudes of rival fans on this type of sponsorship leveraging are mostly irrelevant for SME sponsors due to their limited market scope. This type of sponsorship leveraging offers SMEs the opportunity to differentiate themselves as sponsors in contrast to large enterprises with a supra regional, national or international sponsorship scope.
Objeto de aprendizagem sobre cultura digital: fake news e filtros bolha

In a society inserted in the digital environment, where childrenare exposed daily to different types of content, there is a need toguide children, especially in relation to digital citizenship. In thiscontext, this work aims to develop a Learning Object (LO) that helpsdiscuss fake news and bubble filters in a playful way, encouragingelementary school children to have a critical view on the topic.To qualify whether this LO achieved its objective, two methodsof evaluation were used with the intention of verifying whetherthe proposed LO fulfills its role in raising the target audience’sawareness.
Upcoming damage size quantification in aeronautic composite structures based on imaging results post-processing

In this paper, a damage quantification strategy relying on post-processing of Lamb wave based damage localization results is presented. This method is able to predict the upcoming sizes of a delamination after a training step. Inputs of the proposed method are localization index maps produced by damage localization algorithms and representing the presence likelihood of a damage over the structure under study. The area covered by a high localization index around the estimated damage location are then extracted from these spatial probability maps. A data-driven model representing the mathematical relationship between this quantification feature and the actual size of the damage is finally inferred and used to predict future damage size. The proposed method is successfully validated on experimental data coming from CFRP plate samples equipped with piezoelectric transducers. Delaminations induced by fatigue testing and laser shock are studied. The sensitivity of the method to input frequency and damage localization algorithms parameters is assessed and a method to automatically select its own parameters is proposed. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that a model can be confidently learned on a given CFRP plate sample and transferred to predict damage size on another similar CFRP plate sample.
Differential Expression of Key Floral Initiation Genes in Response to Plant Growth Regulator Application and Alternate Bearing in Pecan

Regarding pecan (Carya illinoinensis), alternate bearing, which is a biennial fluctuation of crop yield, is a major hindrance for the pecan industry. Little is known about the internal cues that trigger pecan shoots to become reproductive. This 2-year study approached the mysteries of alternate bearing of pecan by determining whether pecan homologs of three genes known to control floral initiation in other species are expressed differently at various times of the growing season or in distinct plant tissues, and whether expression of these genes can be manipulated by plant growth regulator (PGR) application when compared with an untreated control group. The flowering genes of interest were pecan homologs of leafy (CpLFY), apetala1 (CpAP1), and flowering locus t (CpFT). During year 1 (2014), PGRs ethephon and gibberellin GA3 were applied at the shoot level 1 week before each of three tissue sampling dates (13 June, 3 July, 29 July). During the following year (2015), two more PGRs were added to the study [a second double rate (2X) of gibberellin GA3 and ethylene inhibitor aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG)] for a total of four PGRs (applied on 10 June, 1 July, and 23 July) plus the untreated control. Experimental leaf and bud tissues were sampled from fruiting and nonfruiting shoots on mature ‘Western’ pecan trees and analyzed separately. Normalized expression levels of CpLFY and CpAP1 were significantly higher in buds than in leaves. Normalized expression of CpLFY in bud tissues differed statistically based on the sampling date in 2014, with the earliest date (13 June) having higher expression than the two later dates that year. In 2015, a treatment × date interaction revealed that, compared with the untreated control, CpLFY expression was significantly lower in shoots treated with both gibberellin GA3 dosages on 1 July. A few weeks later (23 July), CpLFY expression was lower in the 2X GA3 treatment group and higher in samples treated with AVG. In 2014, CpAP1 expression in buds was significant, with a treatment × date interaction in which ethephon increased CpAP1 expression, but only on one date (29 July). In 2015, bud CpAP1 expression was significantly higher in fruiting than in nonfruiting shoots; however, again, only on one date. The results reveal differential expression of these key flowering genes based on tissue type, sampling date, and fruiting status of the shoot and PGR treatment. Results suggest that more research of the effects of PGRs is necessary for understanding the flowering behavior of pecan and mitigating the intensity of alternate bearing.
Mentorship: “Men in the Middle” and Their Role as Allies in Addressing Gender Bias

personal experience, Guillermo Caballero presents a framework for men to understand their actions and change problematic behavior. Elizabeth Carlson and Christopher Zorn share their experience in developing search-committee processes aimed at mitigating implicit bias in letters of recommendation for new faculty hires. As they explain, this has increased the number of women candidates interviewed and hired. Finally, Patricia A. Stapleton and Melissa R. Michelson offer insights gained from the #MeTooPoliSci collective and APSA’s survey of women in the profession. In addition to corroborating the disproportionate service burden and negative bias in student evaluations of teaching, they offer practical methods for men to ally with their women colleagues. We also recognize the diverse scholars that reviewed the spotlight articles: Lisa Argyle, Victor Asal, Marijke Breuning, Paul Collins, Kerry Crawford, Emily Farris, Julia Marin Hellwege, MiryaHolman,Matt Lebo,MelissaMichelson, SarahMcLaughlin Mitchell, Rebecca Reid, David Siegel, Cameron Thies, John Tuman, Lee Walker, Tarah Williams, Anne M. Whitesell, Leah Windsor, and Kim Yi Dionne. This entire spotlight is a collective effort of the writers, editors, and reviewers, and it is intended to capture the diversity of our discipline and to engage midand early-career men in allyship. ▪