Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Downregulation of carbonic anhydrase IX expression in mouse xenograft nasopharyngeal carcinoma model via doxorubicin nanobubble combined with ultrasound

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate whether doxorubicin nanobubbles (DOX-NB) combined with diagnostic ultrasound (DUS) irradiation could downregulate the expression of carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) in mouse xenograft nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) model. In this study, the prepared DOX-NB was round and well dispersed. The average diameter of DOX-NB was 250.9 ± 50.8 nm, with an average polydispersity of 0.321 ± 0.05. The cumulative release of DOX in the DOX-NB + DUS group was significantly higher compared with that of the DOX-NB group (p < 0.05). DOX-NB combined with DUS irradiation could significantly inhibit cell viability (p < 0.05). The expression of CAIX and microvessel density (MVD) in the xenografted tumors was the lowest in the DOX-NB + DUS group compared with that of other groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, DOX-NB combined with DUS irradiation could improve DOX-NB drug release and synergistically inhibit NPC cell activity. DOX-NB combined with DUS irradiation can downregulate the expression of CAIX in mouse xenograft NPC model. This may be due to the synergistic effect of DUS combined with DOX-NB in reducing MVD in NPC.
The Role of Curvature in Preference for Visual Artworks

Several studies have shown that people tend to prefer objects (Bar & Neta, 2006, 2007), rooms (Vartanian et al., 2013), and geometric figures (Bertamini & Palumbo, 2016; Silvia & Barona, 2009) with curved contours to similar sharp-angled ones (Gómez-Puerto, Munar, & Nadal, 2015). In a previous study we aimed to determine whether people’s preference for curvature extends to their appreciation for artworks. The results showed a negative effect of mere exposure and a small effect of preference for curvature. In the present study we related both effects to investigate if participants were aware of curvature differences in abstract artworks. To this end, we created a set of stimuli that included two versions of indeterminate cubist artworks: the original paintings -with sharp anglesand versions that had been altered by rounding off 6 vertices in the center of the artworks. Participants were presented with both versions for 83 ms in random order, and asked to rate them according to liking on a 7-point Likert scale. Our results did not support our original hypothesis because the same negative mere exposure effect was found in all images. Further research should use simpler artworks with more evident differences and give the participants more time to appreciate the paintings.
Case Report: Emerging Losses of Managed Honey Bee Colonies

Simple Summary Apis mellifera is a managed pollinator that experiences cycles of extreme losses at the population level. Several culprits have been associated with these mass losses. Most notably, the parasitic mite Varroa destructor is a consistent suspect in periodic mass losses of honey bee colonies. Our team performed diagnostic screening of pathogens and parasites in operations that experienced extreme losses during the winter of 2023. The direct cost to replace lost colonies and the immediate economic harm imparted from severe losses are described. Abstract United States commercial beekeepers prepare honey bee colonies for almond pollination in California each year in late January to early February. This represents the largest managed pollination event in the world and involves more than half of all U.S. honey bee colonies. In winter 2023, numerous colonies in Florida, which were graded as suitable for almonds (larger than ten frames of bees), dwindled suddenly or altogether died within several weeks, just prior to movement for almonds. The timing of these losses and the resulting morbidity caused severe economic harm to affected operations. This study reports interviews with affected stakeholders, their economic harm, and analyses of pathogens and parasites found in their colonies.
The Distribution of Favites abdita Coral Reef (Ellis and Solander, 1786) in the Land of Coral Coast Village of Malalayang Dua, Malalayang sub-district Manado

This study was conducted at Malalayang Dua waters (Sub-district Malalayang Dua, Manado City). The aim of study is: To know and to inform the coral of Favites abdita . The other aim was to describe the distribution of Favites abdita . This research also will contribute for the management effort of coral reef in Malalayang Dua area, and also as information and literature in doing research at the same place in the future. Data collection was done by using simple random method with 1x1 meter quadrant. Every coral found was wrote at data sheet. The pictures of those coral was taken by using underwater camera. The highest percentage cover of hard coral was found in station 3 (1.46%), while the lowest was wrote at station first (0.13%). The distributions patterns of hard coral were found in each stations are Clumped. There is no significant difference in number of colony, percentage cover and diameter for the three depths. Keyword : Distribution coral, Favites abdita Abstrak Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di pantai Kelurahan Malalayang Dua Kecamatan Malalayang Kota Manado. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan menginformasikan serta bagaimana mengkaji distribusi karang batu F. abdita . Manfaat penelitian yaitu Memberikan kontribusi bagi upaya pengelolaan terumbu karang di wilayah Pantai Malalayang Dua dan Sebagai bahan informasi dan pustaka serta acuan dalam melakukan penelitian pada tempat yang sama di waktu yang akan datang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode acak sederhana dengan mengunakan kuadran. Pada lokasi penelitian, ditentukan tiga titik pengambilan data, yaitu stasiun 1 stasiun 2 dan stasiun 3. Pada setiap stasiun diletakkan transek berukuran 10x10 meter sebanyak 30 kali ulangan mengunakan kuadran 1x1 meter dengan jarak setiap stasiun 100 meter. Setiap karang yang ditemukan dalam kuadran dicatat pada data sheet dan mengambil gambar dengan camera underwater . Persentase tutupan karang batu tertinggi diperoleh pada stasiun 3 yaitu sebesar 1,46 % dan tutupan terendah pada stasiun 1 yaitu 0,13 %. Pola distribusi karang batu pada ketiga stasiun masing (mengelompok). Pada ketiga kedalaman ini tidak terdapat perbedaan yang nyata antara jumlah koloni, persentase tutupan dan panjang diameter.
Development of Beach Litter Monitoring on the Latvian Coastline: the Citizen Science Perspective

The research analyses the beach litter monitoring programme in Latvia and provides suggestions for its improvement seeking to provide necessary information for effective marine litter management on the Latvian coastline of the Baltic Sea. The beach litter monitoring programme has been enacted since 2012 by NGO “FEE Latvia” and current research has been focused on the situation assessment and particularly provides analyses on a number and distribution of the surveyed beaches, the frequency and timing of the monitoring, litter classification and counting methodology, as well as the possible programme development using the NGO work based on the citizen science approach. The results allow to elaborate several suggestions on how to improve the programme in order to provide lacking information in Latvia on the implementation of the Marine Strategy Framework directive of European Union, and to advise local municipalities in their coastal waste management practices. The suggestions include the increasing number of monitoring sites, a prioritization of the EU Master list classification protocol and an increase of sites with higher frequency of monitoring (3 times per year). Moreover, in the conducted public survey, the beach visitors demonstrated good understanding of marine litter and highly prioritized the issue. The increased interest can add public participation to further development of this applied here citizen science approach. KEYWORDS: Baltic Sea, beach litter, monitoring program, citizen science, coastal management. JEL CODES: Q52, Q57, Q58. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.15181/rfds.v21i1. 1406
A Personalized Contactless Emergency Aid System Designed for Individuals With Profound Physical Disabilities

This study proposes the development of a contactless emergency assistance system designed for individuals with severe physical disabilities (tetraplegia and no voice but normal mouth movements) to address the limitations of traditional emergency bells in sudden emergencies. The core technology of the system includes artificial intelligence facial recognition and fuzzy motion algorithms to identify facial movements. After the auxiliary signal is triggered, the system uses Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) technology to activate warning lights and speakers. The signal is then transmitted to the LINE application on a computer or smartphone platform via Wi-Fi, notifying caregivers to provide timely assistance. Experimental results show that the system has a user-friendly interface and an accuracy rate of about 96.69%. This study is the successful development of an emergency assistance system controllable by quadriplegic patients. The one-to-many alarm device can establish a safe net, effectively help individuals with severe physical disabilities proactively seek help, reduce the risk of accidents, and alleviate caregiver shortages. For quadriplegics, this technology offers a unique alternative with significant advantages over commercially available manually operated or voice command call bells.
Spatial Ecology of Male White-Tailed Deer in the Crosstimbers and Prairies Ecoregion

During breeding periods, access to mates is likely the primary factor that influences movement patterns of sexually mature males. Metrics used to describe movement patterns have been related to known habitat quality, with an emphasis on optimal foraging. When access to mates is the limiting resource for sexually mature males, we predicted movement patterns of males will be efficient in respect to social status and degree of mate access. We examined daily movement paths of radio-collared male whitetailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) during the breeding season (Oct. 1Dec. 15), from 1995-1997, at the McAlester Army Ammunition Plant (McAAP) in southeastern Oklahoma to determine if the degree of mate access attributed to juvenile, adult, and mature males would reflect metrics related to path complexity and activity rates. Results indicate that male white-tailed deer become increasingly active throughout the breeding season, with progressively dispersed daily movement patterns. Juvenile males were highly active prior to the peak of the breeding season when adult and mature male breeding effort was limited. We found this behavior may increase juvenile male reproductive fitness by increasing their likelihood of breeding does coming into estrous 1 prior to the peak of the breeding season when competition with older males may belimited. Following the peak of the breeding season, juvenile male breeding effort declined, while their movement patterns became more linear. During this period, oldermales became more active and maintained similar levels of path complexity exhibited earlier during the breeding season. This behavior supports the hypothesis that older males suppress the breeding efforts of juveniles when breeding competition peaks.
Real-Time Passive Seismic Interferometry With Deep Transfer Learning

The passive seismic interferometry (SI), harnessing ambient noise or unconventional seismic sources, has garnered widespread attention in the fields of Earth science and resource exploration. Conventional SI requires several assumptions to be satisfied, including uniform distribution of subsurface sources, an adequate number of sources, and long recording periods. However, these assumptions often fall short in real-world scenarios, leading to suboptimal reconstruction quality and subsequently impacting imaging results. Therefore, we propose a passive SI method with deep transfer learning. This method can extract real-time empirical Green’s functions directly from noisy datasets without prior preprocessing. Importantly, this technique goes beyond simple data retrieval; it demonstrates the ability to accurately reconstruct the entire wavefield. We establish a joint transformer-CNN network and conduct supervised training on intricate velocity models. Subsequently, we employ transfer learning to fine-tune the model, adapting it to new data that differ from the training dataset. Notably, our method requires only a small amount of data and can be applied to other velocity models without additional training for new neural networks. The validity of our method is demonstrated through a series of numerical experiments. Compared to conventional methods, real-time passive SI offers greater efficiency and accuracy in reconstructing subsurface structural response.
Oceanographic Investigations off West Greenland 2010

The regional hydrography in summer 2011 is presented and discussed based on data from standard sections along the west coast of Greenland and data retrieved during trawl surveys. In winter 2010/11, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index was negative describing weakening westerlies over the North Atlantic Ocean. Often this results in warmer conditions over the West Greenland region which was also the case for this winter. The air temperature was higher than normal during winter – especially over the Davis Strait. The general settings in the region have traditionally been presented with offset in the hydrography observed over the Fylla Bank. Here, time series of mid-June temperatures on top of Fylla Bank show temperatures 0.4°C above average conditions in 2011 and the salinity was 0.2 above average. The presence of Irminger Water in the West Greenland waters was high in 2011. Pure Irminger Water (waters of Atlantic origin) could be traced north to the Maniitsoq section and modified Irminger Water further north to the Sisimiut section. The mean (400–600 m) temperature and salinity was high over the Southwest Greenland Shelf Break. After one single year of decrease (Ribergaard, 2011) the bottom temperature and salinity off Ilulissat (st.3) in the Disko Bay has increased again to high values above values before mid-1990. Introduction to the west Greenland oceanography This report describe the hydrographic conditions in West Greenland Waters in 2011 from Cape Farewell in the southeastern Labrador Sea northward to Upernavik in the Western Baffin Bay (Figure 1). After describing data and methods, the atmospheric conditions are described and then the oceanographic conditions. The ocean currents around Greenland are part of the cyclonic sub-polar gyre circulation of the North Atlantic and the Arctic region. The bottom topography plays an important role for guiding the circulation and for the distributing the water masses. Consequently, the strongest currents are found over the continental slope.
Design and Analysis of Novel High-Gain Boost Converter for Renewable Energy Systems (RES)

High-gain DC-DC converters are becoming increasingly popular in renewable energy applications and solar PV systems. This article introduces a non-isolated non-coupled inductor-based high-gain DC-DC boost converter with the desirable features of low voltage stress on controlled power switches and high voltage gain at lower duty ratios. The proposed converter is well suited for boosting the low-input DC voltage obtained from distributed generation units like photovoltaic (PV) or fuel cells to substantially higher DC voltage. The converter comprises only two switches, and a single PWM signal governs its operation. These characteristics result in a topology that is more compact, less costly, lighter weight, and easier to control. The proposed converter is compared with some previously developed topologies of high-gain boost converters across various performance parameters. This comparison illustrates that the proposed model surpasses them in every aspect. A 300 W hardware prototype of a proposed model is developed and tested in a laboratory environment to confirm the theoretical assertions of a proposed model. The proposed topology offers a promising solution and enables a high gain of approximately 12 times the input voltage at a smaller duty ratio, specifically 11.25 at a duty of 0.6 and 17.77 at a duty of 0.7. The efficiency of a proposed converter ranges between 92.5% to 94.5% making it appropriate for numerous medium-high power applications. The uniqueness of the suggested system is its simple design and greater efficiency, which provides a more considerable gain and higher output voltages for sustainable energy systems.
A Method of Cover Audio Selection for Embedding Based on Various Criteria

The main goal of an audio steganography method is to improve the capacity, im-perceptibility, and robustness. Several methods of audio steganography have been proposed to enhance its capabilities. To further optimize the efficiency of the audio steganography method, this paper proposes to select the appropriate audio cover for concealing the message. The selection of an appropriate cover can significantly improve the quality of the output and facilitate the development of innovative audio steganography techniques. This paper proposed a new audio cover selection method, which can further enhance the characteristics of the resulting output. This method ranked each cover according to the qualities that need to be boosted using various measurements. These measurements are the Maximum Available Space (MAS), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Bit Error Rate (BER) for capacity, imperceptibility, and robustness respectively. Based on the experiment conducted using five cover audios stored in the self-created database, each audio is ranked differently based on the measurement used to determine its characteristic level. In conclusion, the proposed cover selection method can be used to select the most proper cover, hence improving the characteristics of audio steganography.
Bus Admittance Matrix Revisited: Performance Challenges on Modern Computers

Bus admittance matrix is widely used in power engineering for network modeling. Being highly sparse, it requires fewer CPU operations when used for calculations. Meanwhile, sparse matrix calculations involve numerous indexing and scalar operations, which are unfavorable to modern processors. Without using the admittance matrix, nodal power injections and the corresponding sparse Jacobian can be computed by an element-wise method, which consists of a highly regular, vectorized evaluation step and a reduction step. This paper revisits the computational performance of the admittance matrix-based method, in terms of power injection and Jacobian matrix calculation, by comparing it with the element-wise method. Case studies show that the admittance matrix method is generally slower than the element-wise method for grid test cases with thousands to hundreds of thousands of buses, especially on CPUs with support for wide vector instructions. This paper also analyzes the impact of the width of vector instructions and memory speed to predict the trend for future computers.
Unsupervised Domain Adaptation Via Dynamic Clustering and Co-Segment Attentive Learning for Video-Based Person Re-Identification

Currently, supervised person re-identification (Re-ID) models trained on labeled datasets can achieve high recognition performance in the same data domain. However, accuracy drops dramatically when these models are directly applied to other unlabeled datasets or natural environments, due to a significant sample distribution gap between the two domains. Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) methods can solve this problem by fine-tuning the model on the target dataset with pseudo-labels generated by the clustering method. Yet, these methods are primarily aimed at the image-based person Re-ID domain. This is because the background noise and interference information are complex and changeable in the video scenarios, resulting in large intra-class distances and small inter-class spaces, which easily lead to noisy labels. Huge domain gap and noisy labels hinder clustering and training processes heavily in the video-based person Re-ID. To address the problem, we propose a novel UDA method via Dynamic Clustering and Co-segment Attentive Learning (DCCAL) for it. DCCAL includes a Dynamic Clustering (DC) module and a Co-segment Attentive Learning (CAL) module. The DC module is responsible for adaptively clustering pedestrians within different generation processes to alleviate noisy labels. On the other hand, the CAL module reduces the domain gap using a co-segmentation-based attention mechanism. Additionally, we introduce Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence loss to reduce the distribution of features between two domains for better performance. Experimental results on two large-scale video-based person Re-ID datasets, MARS and DukeMTMC-VideoReID (DukeV), demonstrate exceptional precision performance. Our method outperforms state-of-the-art semi-supervised and unsupervised approaches by 1.1% in Rank-1 and 1.5% in mAP on DukeV, as well as 3.1% and 2.1% in Rank-1 and mAP on MARS, respectively.
Sensitivity Analysis of Mountain Hydrology to Changing Climate

Understanding the sensitivity of hydrological processes to climate change in snow–covered mountains is important for water and energy security. The objectives of this study are: (i) to quantify the sensitivity of simulated mountain hydrological processes to changes in air temperature and precipitation; (ii) to document the uncertainty in estimations of future mountain hydrological processes due to uncertainty in climate models; and (iii) to quantify the response of simulated mountain hydrology to climate change when there are transient changes in vegetation and soils. Three basins are selected for this research: Wolf Creek Research Basin (WCRB), Canada; Marmot Creek Research Basin (MCRB), Canada; and Reynolds Mountain East (RME) catchment, USA. A hydrological model for each basin was set up in the Cold Regions Hydrological Modelling platform (CRHM) and a climate perturbation sensitivity (CPS) analysis was conducted based on a series of annually perturbed climate (APC), monthly perturbed climate (MPC), and transient vegetation changes. Peak snow water equivalent (SWE), evapotranspiration, and annual runoff have a pronounced sensitivity to both warming and precipitation change in all three basins. The timing of snow regime is most sensitive to changes in temperature. The impacts of warming on alpine snow in WCRB and to lesser extent in MCRB can be offset by increases in precipitation. In response to MPC, modelled peak SWE decreases while evapotranspiration and total annual runoff increase. Annual runoff responds very strongly to precipitation increases in MCRB, to warming in RME, and to both precipitation increase and warming in WCRB. Warming increases rainfall fraction of precipitation, as all three snow–dominated basins become more rain–dominated and precipitation phase becomes latitudinally more similar. The impact of climate change is moderated by the impact of vegetation change on peak SWE timing, snow transport, evapotranspiration, and annual runoff. The hydrological uncertainty due to uncertainty in climate models is greater than the range of hydrological changes due to climate change for streamflow regimes in the three basins and snow regimes at high elevations and latitudes. The results of this research can be used to anticipate the hydrological impacts of climate and vegetation changes on uncertain future mountain environments.