Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Poly-NiO/Nb:SrTiO3 Based Resistive Switching Device for Nonvolatile Random Access Memory

The bipolar resistive switching characteristic of Ag/poly-NiO/Nb:SrTiO3/In device has been investigated in this letter. The current-voltage characteristics of the device shows reproducible and pronounced bipolar resistive switching after 2V forming process and the resistive switching ratio RHRS/RLRS can reach 104 at the read voltage -0.5V. Multilevel memories can be realized by changing the max reverse voltages and show well retention characteristic even after several sweeping cycles. The results have been discussed in terms of carrier injection process via defects at the interface of the poly-NiO and Nb:SrTiO3.
Investigation of Microstrip Antenna Operating Frequency Based on its Parameters

Microstrip antenna exhibits unique properties that have led to wide range of application. The frequency is the most important factor in antenna engineering. However, antenna resonant frequency is determined by various factors. This paper focuses on some of these parameters, and studies have also been performed to obtain design guidelines for patch antenna. Parameters involved vary from -40% to +40% compare to the selected dimensions as a criterion, and the frequency shifts have been obtained, Comparatively, the patch length plays the most important rule on antenna frequency. The feed point location and substrate thickness take a little effect in quantity, and substrate thickness also works on antenna operating frequency. Experimental data and results analyzed are useful for antenna design.
Flexible Laparoscopic Forceps Manipulator Using Synchronous Belt Mechanism

In laparoscopic surgery, many problems are due to the poor degrees of freedom (DOF) of movement in controlling the forceps and laparoscopes. This paper proposes a new flexible laparoscopic forceps manipulator using synchronous belt drive mechanism, which consist of two miniaturized parts, synchronous belt drive mechanism enables independent bending procedure from-90° to 90° at the tip of forceps, and friction wheel mechanism which provides pivoting motion of forceps around incision hole on the abdomen. This mechanism is simple with high rigidity and can easily be miniaturized. The most remarkable characteristics of the prototype described in this paper are: 1) the casing diameter of the forceps is 5 mm; 2) with high rigidity and the repeatability positioning accuracy was 0.5o in bending motion; 3) pure mechanical structure with simple operation and low cost. This manipulator can solve the conflicts and blockings in laparoscopic surgery by switching back and forceps towards, meanwhile, it eliminates the surgical doctor’s fatigue and enhances the precision of surgery with higher effectiveness and safety as well.
A Study of Vector Control of Induction Machine Considering Iron Loss

Because of the imperfects of traditional induction control system neglecting iron loss, this paper introduced the parallel equivalent resistance of iron loss, and use new mathematical model of induction machine to establish a more accurate vector control system. However, the increased coupling of parameters in induction machine caused by iron loss is undeserved. We simplified the decoupled system and utilize fuzzy adaptive mechanism to make the speed tuning process more intelligent and robust. The load and non-load experiments show that fuzzy PID controller overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional, reduces the detrimental impacts of iron loss, take advantages of the active impacts from it as well. In the new control system, it adapts to both inner and environmental parameters well, the torque and exciting current are smoother and lower. So, it is extremely meaningful and conducive to the realization of the economical speed tuning.
Design and VLSI implementation of a new ASIC for colour measurement

The design and VLSI implementation of a new ASIC, which performs the conversion, in real time, of the R, G and B colour co-ordinates to the CIE standard L*, a* and b* colour coordinates, are presented. The rate of operation of this ASIC is 106.4 MIPS. The high-speed operation is achieved by pipelining the data in a vector fashion. The ASIC is implemented using a DLM, 1.0 µm, N-well, CMOS process provided by European Silicon Structures (ES2), and it occupies a silicon area of 6.30*6.45 mm=40.63 mm2. It is intended to be used in colorimetry instrumentation for colour measurement and control and in colour machine vision in autonomous applications such as robotics and military systems, where the need for short processing times is crucial.
Micromachined coplanar waveguides in CMOS technology

Coplanar waveguides were fabricated in standard complimentary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) with postprocessing micromachining. ICs were designed with commercial CAD tools, fabricated through the MOSIS service, and subsequently suspended by maskless top-side etching. Absence of the lossy silicon substrate after etching results in significantly improved insertion loss characteristics, dispersion characteristics, and phase velocity. Measurements were performed at frequencies from 1 to 40 GHz, before and after micromachining. These show improvement in loss characteristics of orders of magnitude. For the micromachined line, loss does not exceed 4 dB/cm. Before etching, loss as high as 38 dB/cm is measured. Phase velocity /spl Gamma//sub p//spl ap/0.8/spl middot/c is achieved for the micromachined line.
Strength exercise monitoring: what to evaluate and how?

It is widely recognised that physical activity including aerobic and strength training provides many physiological benefits, reduces risk of disease outcomes and generates important psychological gains (Warburton et al. 2006). The aim of our European project Physical Activity Monitoring of Aging People (PAMAP.org) is to promote the physical activity of elderly people by providing them feedback on their activity by the use of inertial sensors. This monitoring can be used to check that the recommended daily level of physical activity is well reached or that a rehabilitation programme provided by a clinical staff is well followed. Aerobic training implies well-known activities such as walking, running or cycling. Current methods enable the monitoring of aerobic activities by the use of inertial sensors (Mathie et al. 2004; de Vries et al. 2010) such as it is possible to control whether the Frequency Intensity Type and Time of training principles of training (Dick 2007) are well respected by the subject. During strength training, to our knowledge, no method has been proposed. Current video games include feedback provided by accelerometers in order for users to follow some fitness exercises, but only few parameters are taken into account and the method proposed are not documented. Studies have shown that strength training can result in injuries when exercise technique is not respected (Dick 2007). Now, the number of these injuries and the damages caused by these injuries might increase in population frailer and not used to practice strength training such as elderly or pathological population. Therefore, an appropriate monitoring of strength training has to be proposed, which is the aim of the present study.
Using Social Interaction Theory to Promote Successful Relational Contracting between Clients and Contractors in Construction

AbstractThe construction industry, with its adversarial culture, could use relational contracting (RC) to improve project outcomes by nurturing healthy social interactions among its key players, particularly clients and contractors. The aim of this research is to investigate the application of social interaction theory in RC in construction. A literature review was used to identify factors from social interaction theory that affects RC performance. These factors were verified by experts and practitioners to determine their relevance. Questionnaires were then distributed to measure the level of implementation of the verified factors in the Pakistani construction industry. In total, 204 data were collected and analyzed using factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The findings suggest that in order to have successful RC, clients and contractors must identify motivational factors, develop a collaborative culture, and establish structured interactions. The research has found 6 dimensions and 36 fact.
Association of Monocytes and the Monocyte/high-density Lipoprotein Ratio With Intracranial and Extracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis

Background and aims: Although the monocyte/high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) has been shown to be a potential inflammatory marker of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, there are few studies on the relationship between intracranial and extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis degree and its distribution.Methods: A total of 271 patients were admitted for digital subtraction angiography (DSA) examination. (1) The non-stenosis group and the stenosis group were compared, and the artery was grouped according to the degree of intracranial and extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (if ≥2 branches were stenotic, the artery with the most severe stenosis was used). (2) According to the locations of the intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis groups.clinical baseline data and laboratory indexes of each group of patients were collected.Results: (1) MHR (odds ratio (OR)=1.119, P<0.001), age (OR=1.057, P=0.007), and lymphocyte (OR=0.273, P=0.002) could significantly affect cerebral atherosclerotic stenosis, the AUC (area under the ROC curve) of MHR was 0.82, and the optimal diagnostic value was 0.486. Further analysis of the mild, moderate, and severe stenosis groups showed that MHR (OR=1.07, P<0.001) significantly affected the severity of stenosis in patients. (2) According to the analysis of stenosis at different sites, the rate of extracranial artery stenosis in patients who smoked (OR=3.86, P=0.023) and had a reduced lymphocyte level (OR=0.202, P=0.001) was significantly higher than that in patients who smoked (OR=3.86, P=0.023). With increasing age, the rate of extracranial and extracranial artery stenosis increased significantly. With the increase in MHR level, the stenosis rate of each group was significantly higher than that of the non-stenosis group.Conclusion: MHR has predictive value for the diagnosis of intracranial and extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis and is correlated with the degree and distribution of stenosis.
The Research on Sparse Channel Estimation in Multi-Relay Cooperative Communication System

In a frequency selective fading environment amplify and forward relay system, the channel estimation algorithm and least squares (LS) estimation of mean square error is relatively high. And when using the compressed sensing (CS) which was proposed recently in orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm (OMP) for the single relay channel and multi relay system estimation, in order to reduce the mean square error of the system. In multi-relay cooperative communication system, allocated the power to the relay node, then respectively using the LS and OMP for channel estimation. The results show that, the orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm can greatly reduce the system mean square error, and the same channel estimation algorithm was used for the relay power allocation is also effectively reduce the estimation error, to further improve the accuracy of channel estimation.
Problems causing delays in major construction projects in Thailand

Delays are frequent and recurring in construction projects in developing countries. Although the principal reasons for construction delays are comparable across developing countries, several factors pertaining to local industry, socio‐economic and cultural issues and project characteristics also contribute to construction delays. Questionnaire surveys and interviews were conducted on a major construction project in Thailand to explore the most significant problems causing construction delays. Factors related to designers, contractors and consultants were rated among the top problems. Issues such as lack of resources, poor contractor management, shortage of labour, design delays, planning and scheduling deficiencies, changed orders and contractors' financial difficulties were also highlighted during the interviews. Notably, problems such as ‘multicultural and multilingual environment causing ineffective communication’, ‘large number of participants of project’ and ‘involvement of several foreign designers and contractors’ were rated among the bottom 10 problems in the 75‐item problem inventory. These findings can be helpful for project managers to mitigate the construction delays in Thailand. In order to effectively overcome the construction delays in developing countries, suggestions are made for fundamental and large‐scale reforms in procurement systems, value chain management and stakeholders' management.
Analysis of nonlinearities in MOS floating resistor networks

Expressions for the linearised V/I characteristics of a group of floating resistor structures employing MOS transistors operating in the triode mode are presented. Mobility-degradation effects are accurately modelled and identified as the major residual distortion source in most configurations. The application of common-mode signals to the gate and substrate terminals of a single device is shown to produce a benchmark linearisation performance. Geometrical mismatches are identified as having a potentially dominant influence on the extent to which second-harmonic distortion is suppressed.
Vegetação de tabuleiro: diversidade de espécies lenhosas em áreas da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil

Tabuleiro arenoso é um termo local utilizado para definir áreas de vegetação aberta, que se apresenta distribuída em manchas em locais de solos arenosos. O estudo compara a estrutura, riqueza e diversidade de espécies lenhosas de quatro áreas de tabuleiro no estado da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil. Para análise estrutural da vegetação foi utilizado o método de pontos quadrantes, sendo instalados cinco transectos com 10 pontos cada um. Em cada ponto foram analisados os indivíduos com perímetro a altura do solo (PAS) > 10cm. Nas quatro áreas estudadas (Mamanguape, João Pessoa, Conde e Pedras de Fogo) registraram-se 82 espécies distribuídas em 29 famílias. Foram encontradas variações na densidade total, diversidade, altura e diâmetro médios, área basal total e proporção de indivíduos com perfilhos, além de diferença na distribuição das frequências de altura. Os valores para o H´ variaram de 2,44 a 3,37 (Mamanguape e João Pessoa, respectivamente), enquanto o J’ variou de 0,68 a 0,88 (Pedras de Fogo e João Pessoa, respectivamente). Diante dos dados apresentados, percebe-se que os tabuleiros costeiros variaram na diversidade e na estrutura espacial da vegetação, apesar de compartilharem condições ambientais semelhantes. A influência das áreas circunvizinhas, os fatores edáficos e os diferentes graus de perturbação na composição florística podem explicar a heterogeneidade encontrada nas áreas de tabuleiros.
Direct wafer bonding technology for large-scale InGaAs-on-insulator transistors

Heterogeneous integration of III-V devices on Si wafers have been explored for realizing high device performance as well as merging electrical and photonic applications on the Si platform. Existing methodologies have unavoidable drawbacks such as inferior device quality or high cost in comparison with the current Si-based technology. In this paper, we present InGaAs-on-insulator (-OI) fabrication from an InGaAs layer grown on a Si donor wafer with a III-V buffer layer instead of growth on a InP donor wafer. This technology allows us to yield large wafer size scalability of III-V-OI layers up to the Si wafer size of 300 mm with a high film quality and low cost. The high film quality has been confirmed by Raman and photoluminescence spectra. In addition, the fabricated InGaAs-OI transistors exhibit the high electron mobility of 1700 cm2/V s and uniform distribution of the leakage current, indicating high layer quality with low defect density.
Enabling and measuring innovation in the construction industry

Innovation is vital to successful, long-term company performance in the construction industry. Understanding the innovation process, how innovation can be enhanced and how it can be measured are key steps to managing and enhancing innovation. The factors that affect innovation on a project were identified, as well as how these factors can be used to measure the level of innovation on a project, and the practices and processes that encourage and facilitate innovative changes. Case studies of construction projects in the United States revealed three necessary components of innovation: idea generation, opportunity and diffusion. A variety of practices are used to optimize each component including support and commitment from the owner/client and firm upper management, workforce and project team integration and diversity. Applying the practices identified in the research leads to enhanced innovation through better communication among project team members, integration of the design and construction disciplines, more efficient designs, development of unique ways of completing work and sharing of the lessons learned. The end result of innovation will be projects that successfully meet and exceed cost, quality, schedule and safety goals.
Theory for high Q p-n junction avalanche inductors

A simple theory for p-n junction inductors is presented. The theory explains the previously measured inductances of p-n junction inductors very well. It shows that the measured low quality factors of the earlier report are due to the unnecessary space charge resistances of the p-n junctions adopted in the experiment. A simple theoretical design example of high Q p-n junction inductors is shown to be readily available in silicon.
Smart base‐isolated benchmark building. Part I: problem definition

This paper presents the benchmark problem definition for seismically excited base‐isolated buildings. The objective of this benchmark study is to provide a well‐defined base‐isolated building with a broad set of carefully chosen parameter sets, performance measures and guidelines to the participants, so that they can evaluate their control algorithms. The control algorithms may be passive, active or semi‐active. The benchmark structure considered is an eight‐storey base‐isolated building similar to existing buildings in Los Angeles, California. The base isolation system includes both linear and nonlinear bearings and control devices. The superstructure is considered to be a linear elastic system with lateral–torsional behavior. A new nonlinear dynamic analysis program has been developed and made available to facilitate direct comparison of results of different control algorithms. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Wireless Energy Transmission for Micro Aerial Vehicles Using a Microwave Phased Array

*† ‡ § ** †† Wireless energy transmission for an Unmanned/Micro Aerial Vehicle (MAV) has been studied. Electric power for MAV’s propulsion system is provided remotely from the ground power station using 5.8-GHz microwaves. A microwave beam is pointed to the MAV using the phased array technology. The minimum reception antenna radius and maximum steering angle are found in a trade-off relationship. With a two-dimensional array of five 110 mm × 81 mm antennas, 30% of radiated energy can be transmitted to the reception area of 180 mm radius at the height of 2 m.
Analytical modelling of partial shading and different orientation of photovoltaic modules

Analytical modelling of a photovoltaic (PV) power system for studying the effects of partial shading and different orientation of PV modules is presented. The proposed analytical model, although limited to the case of series PV modules and composed of complicated non-linear implicit functions, allows several important electrical characteristics of a PV system, such as I - V curve, open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, maximum power and reverse voltage, to be investigated and presented in two- and three-dimensional graphs to provide in-depth physical interpretation of the issue.
Factors affecting Prosocial and Antisocial Decision-Making and Behavior in College Students

Prosocial and antisocial scenarios were presented to 25 male and 72 female undergraduates, who rated likelihood of engaging in described behavior and perceived “goodness/badness”. Results indicated a) Females more likely to act in prosocial manner for self-benefit; males more likely to act when there was risk; b) Females less likely to act in antisocial manner for others; males more likely to act for benefit of others, less likely to act for self; c) Females rated prosocial self-benefit behavior “most good”; males rated risky prosocial behavior “most good. ” d) Differences were found for likelihood of behavior and morality rating for lying, stealing,and cheating. In examining the significant relationship between likelihood and “good/bad”, a) Prosocial behavior: perceived “goodness” accounted for 33% of the variance in likelihood of acting for self-gain, 12% of the variance where there was risk;. b) Antisocial behavior: perceived “badness” accounted for 14% of the variance in likelihood of acting for others, 7% of the variance for oneself, 6% of the variance to help self/hurt others. Further research is needed to quantify a measure of the perceived moral value of different behavior for different populations, as well as to examine the critical factors involved in prosocial and antisocial decision-making and behavior.
Numerical Analysis of Surface-Wave Scattering by Finite Periodic Notches in a Ground Plane

Surface-wave scattering by finite periodic notches loaded in a ground plane is investigated in terms of a full-wave theory. The analytical method presented is based on a spectral-domain analysis where the sampling theorem is applied in order to discretize the final equation to be solved. Numerical calculations are earned out for reflected, transmitted, and radiated waves. The numerical results show that maximnm reflection and radiation occur at frequencies somewhat different from those expected from the Bragg condition based on a first-order perturbation theory.
Microgrid Operation under Frequency Control Method

Intensive development of cogeneration and SmartGrid technologies provide an opportunity to form Microgrid within a distribution system. Microgrid can act as part of an interconnected power system or operate in isolated mode. Islanding is performed under faults, power interruption, etc. There are several technical problems when Microgrid resynchronizes to the grid. This paper presents three control strategies to be used to reconnect with the utility: 1. without any emergency control actions; 2. frequency load shedding; 3. frequency control method.
A High-Performance Wireless Mesh Network Routing Protocol

BATAMAN (Better Approach to Mobile Ad-hoc Networking) is a new wireless Mesh network protocol. The algorithm of BATMAN protocol was analyzed, the BATMAN protocol was designed based the embedded Linux and realized on the self-developed wireless Mesh node mounting multiple Wi-Fi modules. The pragmatic performance was test in the multi-hop Mesh prototype network. The result shows that: the characteristics of throughput and latency of BATMAN protocol which is lightweight, rapid convergence and efficient can meet the real-time and broadband transmission requirement of wireless Mesh network.