Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conventional Surfactants and a Model Based on Molecular Descriptors as Alternatives to the Drug Solubility in Fasted State Simulated Intestinal Fluid

Biorelevant media, such as fasted state simulated intestinal fluid (FaSSIF), are often used to forecast in vivo behavior of oral solid formulations in the gastrointestinal tract. This study uses conventional surfactants (Tween 80 and sodium lauryl sulfate) and a model based on structural parameters (i.e., molecular descriptors) to evaluate possible alternatives to FaSSIF for solubility evaluation of three poorly soluble drugs. The solubility of enrofloxacin, lamotrigine, and phenobarbital was determined in phosphate buffer solution (PBS, pH 6.5) and FaSSIF. The molecular descriptors of drugs were computed, and a mathematical model based on logistic regression was generated to estimate solubilization in FaSSIF compared with PBS. The results demonstrated that solubility of enrofloxacin, lamotrigine, and phenobarbital in Tween 80 (0.1% w/v) was similar to their solubility in FaSSIF, and the proposed model calculated the solubilization ratio with 80% accuracy. In conclusion, Tween 80 in low concentration (i.e., 0.05%) is an appropriate low-cost alternative to FaSSIF, and the proposed model can be used to evaluate the possibility of solubilization in FaSSIF.
Characteristics of and User Engagement With Antivaping Posts on Instagram: Observational Study

Background Although government agencies acknowledge that messages about the adverse health effects of e-cigarette use should be promoted on social media, effectively delivering those health messages is challenging. Instagram is one of the most popular social media platforms among US youth and young adults, and it has been used to educate the public about the potential harm of vaping through antivaping posts. Objective We aim to analyze the characteristics of and user engagement with antivaping posts on Instagram to inform future message development and information delivery. Methods A total of 11,322 Instagram posts were collected from November 18, 2019, to January 2, 2020, by using antivaping hashtags including #novape, #novaping, #stopvaping, #dontvape, #antivaping, #quitvaping, #antivape, #stopjuuling, #dontvapeonthepizza, and #escapethevape. Among those posts, 1025 posts were randomly selected and 500 antivaping posts were further identified by hand coding. The image type, image content, and account type of antivaping posts were hand coded, the text information in the caption was explored by topic modeling, and the user engagement of each category was compared. Results Analyses found that antivaping images of the educational/warning type were the most common (253/500; 50.6%). The average likes of the educational/warning type (15 likes/post) were significantly lower than the catchphrase image type (these emphasized a slogan such as “athletesdontvape” in the image; 32.5 likes/post; P<.001). The majority of the antivaping posts contained the image content element text (n=332, 66.4%), followed by the image content element people/person (n=110, 22%). The images containing people/person elements (32.8 likes/post) had more likes than the images containing other elements (13.8-21.1 likes/post). The captions of the antivaping Instagram posts covered topics including “lung health,” “teen vaping,” “stop vaping,” and “vaping death cases. ” Among the 500 antivaping Instagram posts, while most posts were from the antivaping community (n=177, 35.4%) and personal account types (n=182, 36.4%), the antivaping community account type had the highest average number of posts (1.69 posts/account). However, there was no difference in the number of likes among different account types. Conclusions Multiple features of antivaping Instagram posts may be related to user engagement and perception. This study identified the critical elements associated with high user engagement, which could be used to design antivaping posts to deliver health-related information more efficiently.
Coping in complex, changing classroom contexts: An investigation of the bases of pre-service teachers' pedagogic reasoning

Despite its central role in enabling professional judgements and decision-making in teaching, pedagogic reasoning is a slippery concept and difficult to pin down. Although pedagogic reasoning is understood to inform all aspects of teaching practice, we still do not know what pedagogic reasoning looks like. In this article, I present a conceptual tool, using concepts from Legitimation Code Theory (Maton, 2014), to explore analytically the differences between the abstraction and context-embeddedness of ideas expressed in the pedagogic reasoning of a sample of pre-service teachers. I argue that pre-service teachers who are able to draw on specialised concepts associated with context-independent principles, may be in a better position to distinguish the "formal elements" from the "material elements" of teaching (Morrow, 2005, p. 98). Being able to make this distinction is likely, I argue, to set pre-service teachers up to cope in complex changing classroom contexts.
THE INFLUENCE OF SUPPLIER FAIRNESS PERCEPTION AND TRUST ON THE RELATIONSHIP QUALITY OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT SUPPLY CHAIN

Suppliers are important members of the agricultural product supply chain, and their behavior decisions may have a certain impact on the sustainable development of the agricultural product supply chain. From the perspective of agricultural product supplier trust, this paper studies the direct impact of agricultural product supplier trust on relationship quality and the indirect impact of supplier fairness perception on relationship quality. Based on the survey data of agricultural product suppliers, this paper uses the structural equation model method for empirical analysis. The analysis results show that fairness perception and trust perception have a significant positive impact on the quality of agricultural supply chain relationships, among which trust perception has a positive direct impact on the quality of agricultural supply chain relationships, while fairness perception has indirect influence on the quality of agricultural supply chain relationships through trust. In addition, information sharing, price satisfaction, income level and environmental certainty have a significant positive impact on suppliers’ fairness perception. Therefore, sellers comprehensively consider the fairness perception and trust perception of suppliers, which will help improve the relationship quality of the supply chain.
Multiple abiotic and biotic drivers of soil water storage capacity in temperate forests recovering from disturbances

Background and aims Soil water storage capacity acts as a vital forest function to intercept rainfall and retain water for plant growth processes. However, whether or how plant functional trait diversity and composition regulate soil water storage capacity remains poorly understood. Methods Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to detect the direct and indirect effects of multiple biotic (i.e., functional trait composition and functional diversity) and abiotic (topography and soil organic carbon) factors on soil water storage capacity, i.e., in terms of soil capillary water storage content (CW), soil non-capillary water storage content (NCW), and soil saturated water storage content (TSW), in temperate forests recovering from different logging disturbance intensity levels. Results The community-weighted mean of specific leaf area (CWMSLA) increased CW but decreased NCW directly, whereas improved NCW and TSW indirectly via soil organic carbon. Disturbance influenced soil water storage capacity mainly in indirect ways via promoting CWMSLA and soil organic carbon. Elevation increased NCW and TSW but decreased CW directly, and it also had indirect effects on soil water storage capacity via decreasing CWMSLA and soil organic carbon. Moreover, soil organic carbon influenced NCW and TSW directly or mediated the effects of elevation, disturbance, and CWMSLA on soil water storage capacity. Conclusions The quick return on investments trait of CWMSLA shows a positive effect on soil water storage capacity (CW and TSW), supporting the mass ratio mechanism in temperate forests recovering from disturbances. Soil organic carbon also presents additional importance to soil water storage capacity.
Productive Response of Pelibuey Sheep to Supplementation in the Stretching Season in the Dry Tropic

Sheep meat production in the dry tropics of Mexico is low in the dry season, due to lack of forage, therefore, strategic supplementation is important to avoid weight loss in animals; The research was carried out from August 15 to De-cember 15, 2020 in order to evaluate the productive response of pelibuey sheep in confinement, fed with pangola grass hay (GH), plains grass silage (PGS) and supplemented with commercial feed (CF) in the dry season. 16 sheep of the same weight and age were used, four treatments were evaluated in them, in a completely random design; the treatments were four levels of supplement 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 kg of AC fed with HP and PGS. Sheep were dewormed at the beginning of the experiment and housed in individual cages. The variables were: dry matter intake, daily weight gain (DWG) and DM digestibility. DM consumption was different (P < 0.01), the lowest consumption was 0.364 kg in treatment 1 (T1), with a maximum of 0.684 kg in T4; WDG was different (P < 0.01), with a lower value of 0.044 kg∙day −1 in T1 and a higher value of 0.112 kg in T4. The apparent digestibility of the dry matter showed a difference (P < 0.01) which varied from 45.52 to 59.15% for T1 and T4, respectively. DM intake, WL gain, and DM digestibility increased with increasing supplement level at the levels studied.
A Mobile Augmented Reality Application For Simulating Claude Monet’s Impressionistic Art Style

In this study, we showcase a mobileaugmented reality application where a user places various 3D models in atabletop scene. The scene is captured and then rendered as Claude Monet’s impressionistic art style. One possibleuse case for this application is to demonstrate the behavior of the impressionistic art style of Claude Monet, byapplying this to tabletop scenes, which can be useful especially for art students. This allows the user to create theirown "still life" composition and study how the scene is painted. Our proposed framework is composed of threesteps. The system first identifies the context of the tabletop scene, through GIST descriptors, which are used asfeatures to identify the color palette to be used for painting. Our application supports three different color palettes,representing different eras of Monet’s work. The second step performs color mixing of two different colors in thechosen palette. The last step involves applying a three-stage brush stroke algorithm where the image is renderedwith a customized brush stroke pattern applied in each stage. While deep learning techniques are already capableof performing style transfer from paintings to real-world images, such as the success of CycleGAN, results showthat our proposed framework achieves comparable performance to deep learning style transfer methods on tabletopscenes.
Time trends in hospital admissions in very elderly patients (≥85 years-old) in Spain: data from the Spanish National Discharge Database (2000 - 2015)

Background The aging population is an increasing concern in Western hospital systems. The aim of this study was to describe the main characteristics and hospitalization patterns in very elderly inpatients (≥ 85 years) in Spain from 2000 to 2015.Methods Retrospective observational study analyzing data from the minimum basic data set, an administrative registry recording each hospital discharge in Spain since 1997. We collected administrative, economic and clinical data for all discharges between 2000 and 2015 in patients aged 85 years and older, reporting results in three age groups and four time periods to assess differences and compare trends.Results There were 4,387,326 admissions in very elderly patients in Spain from 2000 to 2015, representing 5.32% of total admissions in 2000–2003 and 10.42% in 2012–2015. The pace of growth was faster in older age groups, with an annual percentage increase of 6% in patients aged 85–89 years, 7.79% in those aged 90–94 years, and 8.06% in those aged 95 and older. The proportion of men also rose (37.3% to 39.7%, p<0.001), and they had a higher risk of hospitalization than women (385 discharges/1000 men versus 280 discharges/1000 women in 2012–2015). Mortality decreased from 14.64% in 2000–2003 to 13.83% in 2012–2015 (p<0.001), and mean length of stay from 9.98 days in 2000–2003 to 8.34 days in 2012–2015. Costs per hospital stay increased from 2000 to 2011, from EUR 4611 in 2000–2003 to EUR 5212 in 2008–2011, before dropping to EUR 4824 in 2012–2015. The 10 most frequent discharge diagnoses in the period 2000-2003 were: femoral neck fracture (8.07%), heart failure (7.84%), neoplasms (7.65%), ischemic encephalopathy (6.97%), pneumonia (6.36%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (4.23%), ischemic cardiomyopathy (4.2%), other respiratory diseases (3.87%), other alterations of urethra and the urinary tract (3.08%), and cholelithiasis (3.07%). Conclusions The very elderly population is growing in Spanish hospitals, and within this group, patients are getting older and more frequently male. M ean length of stay, cost of stay, and mortality are decreasing. Decompensation of chronic diseases, neoplasms and infections are the most common causes of admission.
Recent achievements of candidate polymorphism detection for fatty acid composition in Japanese Black cattle

The Journal of Animal Genetics (2021) 49, 67–75 INTRODUCTION In Japanese Black cattle, beef quality, especially beef marbling, has been improved to add value to the beef for more than sixty years (Gotoh et al. 2014). As the results, its beef is appreciated worldwide for the high marbling (Whreeler et al. 2004). Breeders for Japanese Black cattle have, recently, focused on fat quality as one of factors for beef quality in addition to beef marbling. In particular, fatty acid composition is regarded as an important indicator for beef quality because a ratio of various fatty acids affects tenderness and flavor of beef (Yang et al. 1999; Smith et al. 2006). For instance, beef representing high oleic acid (C18:1) percentage would be evaluated as high quality because the beef is tender and has a good flavor. In addition, unsaturated fatty acids including C18:1 have a favorable effect on human health by reducing LDL-cholesterol (Rudel et al. 1995). For these reasons, beef representing higher percentage of unsaturated fatty acids is recognized as high quality. Fatty acid composition is regulated by various genes related to fatty acid metabolism such as synthesis, oxidation, transport, and desaturation for fatty acids. In fact, some studies suggested that fatty acid composition would be able to be genetically improved since its heritability ranged moderate to high in Japanese Black cattle (Inoue et al. 2011; Nogi et al. 2011; Sakuma et al. 2017). Meanwhile, DNA markers for fatty acid composition have been developed. Taniguchi et al. (2004) reported that an amino acid substitution A293V in stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) gene was significantly associated with the percentage of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and melting point of beef fat. In fatty acid synthase (FASN) gene, two amino acid substitutions (T1950A and W1955R), which were in almost complete linkage disequilibrium (LD), and a SNP in promoter region (g.841G>C) were significantly associated with fatty acid composition (Abe et al. 2009; Hayakawa et al. 2015). Since the SCD and FASN genes are involved in fatty acid desaturation and synthesis, respectively, these polymorphisms would be the promising candidates as responsible polymorphisms for fatty acid composition. However, the proportion of genetic variance explained by the SCD and FASN polymorphisms was reported to range from 3.29 to 24.71 in a Japanese Black population (Matsuhashi et al. 2011). In addition, promising candidate polymorphisms for fatty acid composition had never been identified except for SCD and FASN polymorphisms. These previous reports suggested that there would be some other genes which have effects on fatty acid composition. Then, we have tried to identify novel responsible genes and polymorphisms for fatty acid composition in Japanese Black cattle in the past few years.
Mental Illness Disorder Diagnosis Using Emotion Variation Detection from Continuous English Speech

: Automatic recognition of human emotions in a continuous dia-log model remains challenging where a speaker’s utterance includes several sentences that may not always carry a single emotion. Limited work with stan-dalone speech emotion recognition (SER) systems proposed for continuous speech only has been reported. In the recent decade, various effective SER systems have been proposed for discrete speech, i.e., short speech phrases. It would be more helpful if these systems could also recognize emotions from continuous speech. However, if these systems are applied directly to test emotions from continuous speech, emotion recognition performance would not be similar to that achieved for discrete speech due to the mismatch between trainingdata (from training speech) and testing data (from continuous speech). The problem may possibly be resolved if an existing SER system for discrete speech is enhanced. Thus, in this work the author’s existing effective SER system for multilingual and mixed-lingual discrete speech is enhanced by enriching the cepstral speech feature set with bi-spectral speech features and a unique functional set of Mel frequency cepstral coefficient features derived from a sine filter bank. Data augmentation is applied to combat skewness of the SER system toward certain emotions. Classification using random forest is performed. This enhanced SER system is used to predict emotions from continuous speech with a uniform segmentation method. Due to data scarcity, several audio samples of discrete speech from the SAVEE database that has recordings in a universal results demonstrate the suitability of the proposed method for recognizing emotions from continuous speech as well as from discrete speech.
Introducing Contemporary Blockchain Platforms

Summary Blockchain and its infrastructure technology have expanded rapidly in the last decade and are in high demand, but there is a lack of comprehensive studies on those platforms. Blockchain is a new technology based on the distributed digital ledger system. Decentralized trust is one of the key factors behind the blockchain-based system. Transparency of such a system is better than a conventional centralized ledger system. By using a blockchain-based transaction system, any business organization can harness key benefits like data integrity, confidentiality, and anonymity without involving any third party in control of the transactions. Since the blockchain is used in numerous applications and the horizon is expanding at an unprecedented pace. So, there is a need for an introducing and reviewing of blockchain platforms. In this paper, we have reported a review on existing contemporary blockchain platforms. In particular, From the existing studies, we have identified eighty blockchain platforms and the majority of them have a lack of technical details. To provide the researchers a comprehensive introducing on blockchain platforms to perform a broad guideline for future research and investment in the blockchain domain.
A Generalized Open-Circuit Fault-Tolerant Control Strategy for FOC and DTC of Five-Phase Fault-Tolerant Permanent-Magnet Motor

A generalized fault-tolerant control (FTC) strategy for the field-oriented control (FOC) and direct torque control (DTC) of five-phase fault-tolerant permanent magnet (FPFTPM) motors under various open-circuit faults is presented in this article. Most previous studies regarding FTC target a specific primary control algorithm and involve different reduced-order transformation matrices and additional current controllers, which increase the complexity of the entire drive system. In this study, a solution to the aforementioned problems is devised by developing optimal fault-tolerant voltages, which are derived from fault-tolerant mechanism analysis and steady-healthy design. Because the coordinate transformation need not be changed and additional voltage compensation is not required, a minimal control drive system reconfiguration under various open-circuit faults can be achieved to avoid accommodating the change of the primary control algorithm. The proposed control strategy not only improves the torque performance and dynamic response under healthy and fault conditions, but also adapts to both FOC and DTC. Experimental results for a 2 kW FPFTPM motor prototype are provided to evaluate the proposed strategy.
The factors influence the intention to use mobile applications for room-sharing in Vietnam

This study analyzes the factors affecting the intention of using mobile applications (apps) for room-sharing in Vietnam. The research model is inherited and developed based on the unified theoretical model of technology acceptance and use (UTAUT2) by the specific conditions of Vietnam. The analysis results from 346 users show that the intention to use mobile apps for room-sharing services in Vietnam is influenced by expected benefits (i); expected effort (ii); social influence (iii), hedonic motivation (iv), trust (v), and perceived security (vi). Expected benefits, hedonic dynamics, and expected security have an important influence on the using intention among these factors; thus, application providers need a valuable solution to enhance the functionality of their applications on these aspects to meet the customers' increasing requirements.
Health-related quality of life among persons with physical
disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Although research suggests that people with physical disabilities experience impacts to their health-related quality of life (HRQL), there are no previous reviews or meta-analyses of studies that use appropriate assessment instruments in this population. The objective of this project was to conduct a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of studies that use the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) to evaluate HRQL in people with physical disabilities. We searched the PsycINFO, Medline, CINAHL and The Cochrane Library databases, identifying articles published through February 2020. The methodological quality of the studies was analyzed, and the pooled mean scores for each domain of the WHOQOL-BREF were calculated. Ten studies involving 2,048 people with physical disabilities were included. Their methodological quality was adequate. The pooled mean scores were 49.5 for the physical domain, 57.7 for the psychological domain, 58.2 for the social relations domain, and 55.5 for the environmental domain. The findings of this work confirm an impact of physical disabilities on the four HRQL domains in this population.