Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring Variability of Free Asparagine Content in the Grain of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties Cultivated in Italy to Reduce Acrylamide-Forming Potential

Acrylamide, a suspected human carcinogen, is generated during food processing at high temperatures in the Maillard reaction, which involves reducing sugars and free asparagine. In wheat derivatives, free asparagine represents a key factor in acrylamide formation. Free asparagine levels in the grain of different wheat genotypes has been investigated in recent studies, but little is known about elite varieties that are cultivated in Italy. Here, we analysed the accumulation of free asparagine in a total of 54 bread wheat cultivars that are relevant for the Italian market. Six field trials in three Italian locations over two years were considered. Wholemeal flours obtained from harvested seeds were analysed using an enzymatic method. Free asparagine content ranged from 0.99 to 2.82 mmol/kg dry matter in the first year, and from 0.55 to 2.84 mmol/kg dry matter in the second year. Considering the 18 genotypes that were present in all the field trials, we evaluated possible environment and genetic influences for this trait. Some cultivars seemed to be highly affected by environment, whereas others showed a relative stability in free asparagine content across years and locations. Finally, we identified two varieties showing the highest free asparagine levels in our analysis, representing potential useful materials for genotype x environment interaction studies. Two other varieties, which were characterized by low amounts of free asparagine in the considered samples, may be useful for the food industry and for future breeding programs aimed to reduce acrylamide-forming potential in bread wheat.
Simulations for junior engineering and technology students: teachers’ ability to use design process to promote psychomotor skills

As an integral part of the 4th industrial revolution, simulation enables engineers and artisans to evaluate the effectiveness of the product before developing the final one. In South Africa, simulation is promoted to support students to develop artefacts that resemble the actual technological solutions. This study used a qualitative research approach and a case study design to explore teachers’ ability to use design process to promote contemporary psychomotor skills. Four teachers were purposively sampled considering their experiences. Data was collected through questionnaire and semi-structured interviews and analysed against Maria’s Simulation Model and the design process to some extent. The study revealed that teachers were aware of the advantages simulations have in equipping learners with psychomotor skills, however, they did not have means to support students to enact their creative and critical thinking skills. The study recommends a strong pedagogical expertise in dealing with simulations and the design process. Teachers should be conversant with various simulation models and implement them accordingly because technological design process provides effective platform for simulation.
Experimental Investigation on Surface Impedance Effect of Sound Radiation from Low Mach Number Flow around a Circular Cylinder

This paper describes a wind tunnel experiment on aero-acoustical effect of finite surface impedance on low Mach number (Ma) flow around a circular cylinder. Modification of surface acoustical properties of source area is said to result in reduction of radiated sound pressure level. In this paper the effect of the finite impedance not only to the acoustical effect but also to the hydrodynamic effects were examined. Three boundary conditions (BC) of surface impedance were supposed: 1) rigid surface, 2) uniform and 3) optimized impedance distribution by introducing an array of micro-scale perforation with a back space. A wind tunnel experiment was conducted according to the three types of BC with three different experimental models under the Reynolds number (Re) condition from 6 000 to 12 000. The third condition caused reduction of the far field pressure level by 6 dB at largest case compared to the first condition.
Turbulence modelling of problem aerospace flows

Unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) and detached eddy simulation (DES) related approaches are considered for high angle of attack NACA0012 airfoil, wing–flap, generic tilt‐rotor airfoil and double‐delta geometry flows. These are all found to be problem flows for URANS models. For DES fifth‐order upwinding is found too dissipative and the use of, for high speed flows, instability prone centred differencing essential. An existing hybrid ILES–RANS modelling approach, intended for flexible geometry, relatively high numerical dissipation codes is tested along with differential wall distance algorithms. The former gives promising results. The standard turbulence modelling approaches are found to give perhaps a surprising results variation. Results suggest that for the problem flows, the explicit algebraic stress and Menter shear stress transport (SST) URANS models are more accurate than the economical Spalart–Allmaras (SA). However, the explicit algebraic stress model (EASM) in its k–ε form is impractically expensive to converge. Here, SA predictions lack a rotation correction term and this is likely to improve these results. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The use of undulator radiation in VUV and soft x-ray radiometry

A new generation of synchrotron radiation light sources covering the VUV, soft x-ray and hard x-ray and spectral regions is under construction in several countries, designed specifically to use periodic magnetic undulators and low-emittance electron or positron beams to produce high-brightness near-diffraction-limited synchrotron radiation beams. It should be possible to use specially designed undulators and wigglers in the new synchrotron light facilities as tunable narrow band radiometric sources in the VUV and soft x-ray regions. An introduction to the physics of undulator radiation is followed by a discussion of some of the consequences of maximizing source performance, including high beam power, harmonics, optics contamination, and the unusual spectral and angular properties of undulator radiation. The limitations of the presently planned undulators as radiometric sources and the design criteria for a possible radiometry undulator will be discussed.
Emotional Disclosure and Social Judgment

Negative emotions can negatively bias social judgment. However, these emotions can be tempered when expressed, suggesting that emotional disclosure might enable fairer evaluations. Three projects confirmed this prediction. Subjects who disclosed about a past betrayal, compared to those who suppressed, felt closer to their betrayers—the first step toward forgiveness. Disclosing the emotions evoked by viewing an assault, compared with suppressing those feelings, reduced victim blaming. Disclosure did not reduce blaming of victimizers, indicating that disclosure addresses specific emotions rather than calms general arousal. A recent study showed that disclosing a personal travail of any kind promotes acceptance of COVID-19 facts among political conservatives. Collectively, these results indicate that expressing troubling thoughts and feelings can enhance social judgment.
Sliding Scattering Center Extraction for Streamlined Radar Targets

Modern man-made targets with high-speed movement capabilities are often designed as special streamlined structures. As a result, when illuminated by radar, the surface of such targets will produce a sliding scattering center (SSC) whose position changes with the radar line of sight (RLOS). In this communication, we present a feature extraction technique for this kind of scattering center. The trajectory of the equivalent scattering points in the 1-D high-resolution range profile (HRRP) sinogram is first predicted by utilizing the special geometric characteristics of sliding scatterers. The parameters of sliding scattering features are then extracted by combining the basis pursuit algorithm with the predicted trajectory. Examples from both numerical and measured data are presented to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed technique.
The Microbial Terroir of the Nemea Zone Agiorgitiko cv.: A First Metataxonomic Approach

Vitis vinifera L. cv. Agiorgitiko is one of the most popular indigenous wine grape varieties in Greece, cultivated almost exclusively in the Nemea Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) zone. Here, the microbiota of soil, grapes, and wine, during controlled (CF) and spontaneous (SF) fermentations of Agiorgitko cv. from three vineyards in the PDO Nemea zone were explored, using both classical microbiological analysis and metataxonomics to get evidence about the microbial terroir of the PDO Nemea zone. The classical microbiological analysis revealed higher total mesophilic counts in soil, while in both grapes and wine samples, yeasts prevailed. Lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria counts were lower in grapes compared to wine and soil. Metataxonomic analysis revealed that, regarding yeasts/fungi, genera Fusarium, Sarea, and Alternaria dominated in soil; Aureobasidium, Cladosporium, and Penicillium in grapes; Saccharomyces in wine during CF; and Hanseniaspora and Saccharomyces in wine during SF. Regarding bacteria, genera Skermanella, Acidobacterium, and Ohtaekwangia dominated in soil, Sphingomonas, Micrococcus, and Rubrobacter in grapes, while Tatumella, Alcanivorax, and Komagateibacter in wine during both CF and SF. Finally, the factors that significantly influence the microbiota of soil, grapes, and wine samples were assessed, and potential microbial biomarkers were identified for the first time in a Greek grape variety.
Oustalet’s Chameleon, Furcifer oustaleti (Mocquard 1894) (Chamaeleonidae), a Non-indigenous Species Newly Established in Florida

An Amazon treeboa (Corallus hortulanus) hanging above the water’s surface prior to submerging a portion of its head, presumably foraging for fish (see article on p. 218). Pe d r o d A c o st A s il v A this adult female oustalet’s Chameleon (Furcifer oustaleti) (uF 163071) was collected in Florida City, miami-Dade County, Florida, where this madgascan species has apparently become established (see article on p. 248). c h r is to Ph er r . g il le tt e
Gendered Racial Microaggressions and Black Women’s Sleep Health

Gendered racial microaggressions reflect historical and contemporary gendered racism that Black women encounter. Although gendered racial microaggressions are related to psychological outcomes, it is unclear if such experiences are related to sleep health. Moreover, the health effects of gendered racial microaggressions dimensions are rarely investigated. Using a cohort of Black women (N = 400), this study employs an intracategorical intersectional approach to (1) investigate the association between gendered racial microaggressions and sleep health, (2) assess whether gendered racial microaggressions dimensions are related to sleep health, and (3) examine whether the gendered racial microaggressions–sleep health association persists after accounting for depressive symptoms and worry. Gendered racial microaggressions were associated with poor sleep quality overall and four specific domains: subjective sleep quality, latency, disturbance, and daytime sleepiness. Two gendered racial microaggressions dimensions were especially detrimental for sleep: assumptions of beauty/sexual objectification and feeling silenced and marginalized. After accounting for mental health, the effect of gendered racial microaggressions on sleep was reduced by 47 percent. Future research implications are discussed.
Physics of resonant optical lattices: experimental leaky bands and symmetry-blocked radiant channels modeled by Rytov’s formalism

We treat operational principles and resulting properties of periodic photonic lattices. These lattices can be fashioned in the lab as 2D or 1D patterned films on substrates or modeled as membrane particle arrays for simplest geometry. Even though the basic periodic element, namely the diffraction grating, has been known for 100+ years, new solutions and applications based on periodic spatial modulations continue to appear. In recent literature, corresponding assemblies and devices are called metamaterials or metasurfaces. Current lithographic technology enables fabrication of spatial modulations on subwavelength scales in one, two, or three dimensions. The resulting diffractive optical elements or metasurfaces may support waveguide modes when designed with proper refractive indices and dimensions. Waveguide modes that are guided or quasi-guided in waveguide gratings experience stopbands and passbands as the light frequency is varied. Associated with these leaky bands, there appear resonant bright channels and non-resonant dark channels in the spectra. The bright state corresponds to a high reflectivity guided-mode resonance (GMR) whereas the dark channel represents a bound state in the continuum (BIC). We review past results placing these physical observations in historical context. The BIC states correspond to symmetry-blocked resonance channels. In earlier work, the BIC was often referenced as the non-leaky band edge. We show theoretical dispersion charts and experimental sampling of those revealing GMR and BIC channels. Along similar lines, recent results show experimental lattice band dynamics of simple resonance systems. Finally, the connection of the classic Rytov effective medium formalism to the GMR/BIC states is presented. We show that all key resonancelattice properties are embodied in Rytov-equivalent homogeneous waveguides. This interesting fact overwhelmingly proves the waveguide character of the lattice systems.
Active Compliance Control Based on EKF Torque Fusion for Robot Manipulators

To improve the accuracy of torque estimation and compliance control of the force sensorless, we propose a torque fusion method based on extended Kalman filter (EKF), both the data of motor current and the harmonic reducer torsional deformation are involved. First, a nonlinear EKF is designed based on the motor side dynamic model and joint deformation nonlinear model. The experiment shows that the method overcomes the interference caused by the environment and nonlinear system factors. Then, an active compliance controller is designed with a nested loop framework based on the fused torque. The inner loop computes the dynamic torque as feedforward to compensate for the system's dynamic uncertainty. The outer loop is admittance control to realize the manipulator's active compliance with the fused torque. Experiments on the robotic manipulator show that the proposed torque estimation scheme can reduce the root mean square error (RMSE) to 0.1278N<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\cdot$</tex-math></inline-formula>m and the max error of the joint estimated torque to 0.34N<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\cdot$</tex-math></inline-formula>m. In addition, the force tracking accuracy of the proposed compliant controller can reach 3.6 N, and can be extended to more redundant joints.
Decoding the Conformational Selective Mechanism of FGFR Isoforms: A Comparative Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) play critical roles in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and proliferation. Specifically, FGFR2 gene amplification has been implicated in gastric and breast cancer. Pan-FGFR inhibitors often cause large toxic side effects, and the highly conserved ATP-binding pocket in the FGFR1/2/3 isoforms poses an immense challenge in designing selective FGFR2 inhibitors. Recently, an indazole-based inhibitor has been discovered that can selectively target FGFR2. However, the detailed mechanism involved in selective inhibition remains to be clarified. To this end, we performed extensive molecular dynamics simulations of the apo and inhibitor-bound systems along with multiple analyses, including Markov state models, principal component analysis, a cross-correlation matrix, binding free energy calculation, and community network analysis. Our results indicated that inhibitor binding induced the phosphate-binding loop (P-loop) of FGFR2 to switch from the open to the closed conformation. This effect enhanced extensive hydrophobic FGFR2-inhibitor contacts, contributing to inhibitor selectivity. Moreover, the key conformational intermediate states, dynamics, and driving forces of this transformation were uncovered. Overall, these findings not only provided a structural basis for understanding the closed P-loop conformation for therapeutic potential but also shed light on the design of selective inhibitors for treating specific types of cancer.
Chaotic and Periodic Behavior of Finite-Amplitude Baroclinic Waves

Abstract Numerical integrations of the amplitude equations governing the dynamics of a weakly unstable finite-amplitude baroclinic wave have revealed a new and unexpectedly complex dependence on the degree of dissipation. We have found for very small dissipation the simple limit cycle behavior noted earlier by Pedlosky (1971) and Smith and Reilly (1977). For slightly higher values of the dissipation further solution bifurcations reveal an ever-increasing family of periodic solutions whose periods are even multiples of the fundamental. The critical value of the dissipation parameter γ for which the nth cycle emerges, appears to satisfy the Feigenbaum (1978) relation (γn−γn−1)/(γn+1−γn)=4.669201. Above a limit point γ∞ the solutions are aperiodic and chaotic. However, at isolated “islands” within this chaotic regime we have again found periodic solutions. Although their phase plane trajectories differ from those found below γ∞, their periods are always multiples of half the fundamental. For higher γ, equili.
Triazine Herbicides Risk Management Strategies on Environmental and Human Health Aspects Using In-Silico Methods

As an effective herbicide, 1, 3, 5-Triazine herbicides (S-THs) are used widely in the pesticide market. However, due to their chemical properties, S-THs severely threaten the environment and human health (e.g., human lung cytotoxicity). In this study, molecular docking, Analytic Hierarchy Process—Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (AHP-TOPSIS), and a three-dimensional quantitative structure-active relationship (3D-QSAR) model were used to design S-TH substitutes with high herbicidal functionality, high microbial degradability, and low human lung cytotoxicity. We discovered a substitute, Derivative-5, with excellent overall performance. Furthermore, Taguchi orthogonal experiments, full factorial design of experiments, and the molecular dynamics method were used to identify three chemicals (namely, the coexistence of aspartic acid, alanine, and glycine) that could promote the degradation of S-THs in maize cropping fields. Finally, density functional theory (DFT), Estimation Programs Interface (EPI), pharmacokinetic, and toxicokinetic methods were used to further verify the high microbial degradability, favorable aquatic environment, and human health friendliness of Derivative 5. This study provided a new direction for further optimizations of novel pesticide chemicals.
Spatial Bayesian Variable Selection With Application to Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

We propose a procedure to undertake Bayesian variable selection and model averaging for a series of regressions located on a lattice. For those regressors that are in common in the regressions, we consider using an Ising prior to smooth spatially the indicator variables representing whether or not the variable is zero or nonzero in each regression. This smooths spatially the probabilities that each independent variable is nonzero in each regression and indirectly smooths spatially the regression coefficients. We discuss how single-site sampling schemes can be used to evaluate the joint posterior distribution. The approach is applied to the problem of functional magnetic resonance imaging in medical statistics, where massive datasets arise that require prompt processing. Here the Ising prior with a three-dimensional neighborhood structure is used to smooth spatially activation maps from regression models of blood oxygenation. The Ising prior also has the advantage of allowing incorporation of anatomic prior information through the external field. Using a visual experiment, we show how a single-site sampling scheme can provide rapid evaluation of the posterior activation maps and activation amplitudes. The approach is shown to result in maps that are superior to those produced by a recent Bayesian approach using a continuous Markov random field for the activation amplitude.
Relationship Between Autonomic Nervous System Activity and Axial Length in Children

Background The aim of this work was to compare autonomic nervous system activity between eyes with axial and non-axial myopia and to investigate the relationship between autonomic nervous system activity and axial length (AL) in children. Material/Methods Seventy-eight eyes of 78 children were included in this study. Static and dynamic pupillary responses, including pupil diameter, latency, and velocity of pupil contraction and dilation, were recorded using automatic pupillometry to evaluate autonomic nervous system activity. AL was measured using the IOL-Master device. Results In terms of static pupillary responses, the pupil diameter at mesopic condition (1 candelas/m2) (PD1) (4.06±0.64 vs 3.80±0.87 mm, P=0.045) and pupil diameter at low photopic condition (10 candelas/m2) (PD10) (3.40±0.49 vs 3.22±0.66 mm, P=0.046) were significantly larger in axial myopic eyes than in non-axial myopic eyes. In terms of dynamic pupillary responses, velocity of pupil contraction (Vel-C) (5.93±0.89 vs 6.75±1.60 mm/s, P=0.019) and velocity of pupil dilation (Vel-D) (2.28±0.38 vs 2.89±1.17 mm/s, P=0.002) were significantly slower in axial myopic eyes than in non-axial myopic eyes. Moreover, PD1 and PD10 were significantly and positively associated with AL, while Vel-C and Vel-D were significantly and negatively associated with AL (all P<0.05). Conclusions There was significant decrease in autonomic nervous system activity in axial myopia compared with non-axial myopia, and autonomic nervous system activity was significantly and negatively associated with AL in children. Decreases in autonomic nervous system activity in axial myopia may contribute to the excessive axial elongation in pediatric axial myopia.
On the semilinear Schrödinger equation with time dependent coefficients

We consider nonlinear Schrödinger equation with time dependent coefficients. Fanelli [5] found a transformation between solutions of the original equation and of the usual Schrödinger equation with power nonlinearity involving time dependent coefficients in some Lorentz spaces. In this paper we extend the results in [5] in space‐time integrability properties of solutions. Particularly, we prove that the existence and uniqueness of solutions can be described exclusively in terms of Lebesgue spaces (not Lorentz spaces as in [5]) as far as the space integrability of solutions. We also discuss the equation with coefficient of an explicit homogeneous function and describe the associated Strichartz estimate and contraction mapping argument.