Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mining for gold: Learning analytics and design for learning - A review

Learning analytics (LA) has been a key development in learning design (LD) and technology-enhanced learning over the past decade. Mining data relating to the user experience of technology can help educators understand when learners access sites and resources, how they access them, and what they access. This can inform the next iteration of course design, maximise the value of interactions with students, and enable institutions to develop learner-centred courses and improve learner success, all of which may set them apart from the mass of competition in online and/or blended learning. In this article, we first consider the definition and purpose of LA, specifically in a tertiary education context, then review the literature in this fast-moving field, focusing on three core areas.
Development of artificial muscle actuator reinforced by Kevlar fiber

The robot in the future will be lightened and, in addition, the complex tasks will be done by the consumption of less energy. To achieve this, the development of an artificial muscle actuator which is as soft as a human-being becomes indispensable. At present, the artificial muscle actuator used is the Mckinbben type/sup 1,2/, but the heat and mechanical loss of this actuator are large because of the friction caused by the expansion and contraction of the sleeve. Therefore, we developed the artificial muscle tube where the Kevlar fiber of the high intensity had been built into the silicone tube. Our actuator is long-lived because it does not need the sleeve, and can give the aeolotropic property of the actuator by how to knit the fiber built into the tube.
Novel constant transconductance references and the comparisons with the traditional approach

Two novel constant transconductance reference circuits are proposed in this paper. They are more stable as the temperature or supply voltage varies over a wide range. Their operation principles are analyzed in detail, and their performances are given out in comparison with the traditional circuit, the temperature coefficient, and the voltage coefficient. This work provides more alternate approaches for different applications and different requirements.
Staffing a Centralized Appointment Scheduling Department in Lourdes Hospital

Lourdes Hospital uses a centralized system to schedule appointments by phone for outpatients, inpatients, and other ambulatory services requested by physicians, their staff, hospital personnel, and patients. Customer surveys and an increase in customer complaints revealed lengthy delays in answering telephone calls. We used a queuing model to find the optimal staffing levels to handle the variation in call arrivals within a day. The problem was solved by just rearranging the work shifts, without adding any staff. We also provide an easy-to-reference generalized queuing table to aid others in deciding staffing levels where M/M/c approximation is appropriate.
Descripción del nuevo estándar de video H.264 y comparación de su eficiencia de codificación con otros estándares

Video stan dards have been de vel oped to ful fill a wide range of ap pli ca tions such as dig i tal stor age, mul ti me dia trans mis sion and re cep tion, CATV, DVD, video conferencing, mul ti me dia in dex ing, dig i tal cin ema among oth ers. Video stan dards de velop high com pres sion ra tios us ing sev eral meth ods to re duce tem po ral and spa tial re dun dan cies. The new video stan dard, H.264 / MPEG-4 part 10, not only is ef fi cient to store video but also to ob tain a higher cod ing ef fi ciency and er ror re sil ience than the pre vi ous sim i lar stan dards MPEG-2, H.263 and MPEG-4 part 2. In this ar ti cle, we de scribe the new video stan dard H.264/MPEG-4 part 10. First, we de scribe the cod ing al go rithm, and then we com pare its cod ing ef fi ciency ver sus the pre vi ous ex ist ing stan dards. Com par i sons show that the new stan dard has a cod ing ef fi ciency of about 1.5 times, in each test se quence, as com pared to the other stan dards.
Wearable and flexible thermoelectric generator with enhanced package

Present work shows recent progresses in thin film-based flexible and wearable thermoelectric generator (TEG), finalized to support energy scavenging and local storage for low consumption electronics in Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) applications and buildings integration. The proposed TEG is able to recover energy from heat dispersed into the environment converting a thermal gradient to an effective electrical energy available to power ultra-low consumption devices. A low cost fabrication process based on planar thin-film technology was optimized to scale down the TEG dimensions to micrometer range. The prototype integrates 2778 thermocouples of sputtered Sb2Te3 and Bi2Te3 thin films (1 μm thick) on an area of 25 cm2. The electrical properties of thermoelectric materials were investigated by Van der Pauw measurements. Transfer Length Method (TLM) analysis was performed on three different multi-layer contact schemes in order to select the best solution to use for the definition of the contact pads realized on each section of the thermoelectric array configuration to allow electrical testing of single production areas. Kapton polyimide film was used as flexible substrate in order to add comfortable lightweight and better wearability to the device. The realized TEG is able to autonomously recover the thermal gradient useful to thermoelectric generation thanks to an appropriate package designed and optimized by a thermal analysis based on finite element method (FEM). The proposed package solution consists in coupling the module realized onto Kapton foil to a PDMS layer opportunely molded to thermally insulate TEG cold junctions and enhance the thermal gradient useful for the energy scavenging. Simulations results were compared to experimental tests performed by a thermal infrared camera, in order to evaluate the real performance of the designed package. First tests conducted on the realized TEG indicate that the prototype is able to recover about 5°C between hot and cold thermocouples junctions with a thermal difference of 17°C initially available between body skin and environment, generating about 2 V of open circuit output voltage.
What and Why? Towards Duo Explainable Fauxtography Detection Under Constrained Supervision

Fauxtography is a category of multi-modal posts that spread misleading information on various big data online social platforms that generate billions of posts on a daily basis (e.g., Facebook, Twitter, Reddit). A fauxtography post usually consists of an image, a text description and comments from its readers. In this paper, we focus on explaining fauxtography posts by identifying what specific component and why that component of a post leads to the fauxtography (i.e., duo explanations). This problem is motivated by the limitations of current fauxtography detection solutions that only focus on the detection but ignore the important explanation aspect of their results. Two critical challenges exist in solving our problem: i) it is difficult to accurately identify the “guilty” component of a fauxtography post given the fact that different components of the post and their associations could all lead to the fauxtography; ii) it is expensive and time-consuming to obtain a good training set with fine-grained labels of fauxtography posts in terms of explainability, making it challenging to develop fully supervised explainable solutions. To address the above challenges, we develop a Duo Explainable Fauxtography Detection Framework under a Constrained Supervision (DExFC) to generate duo explanations from both content and comment parts of fauxtography posts. We evaluate the DExFC by creating real-world datasets from different online social media platforms (Twitter and Reddit). The results show that DExFC not only detects the fauxtography posts more accurately than the state-of-the-art solutions but also provides well-justified explanations to its results without the full supervision.
Modeling low-dose-rate effects in irradiated bipolar-base oxides

A physical model is developed to quantify the contribution of oxide-trapped charge to enhanced low-dose-rate gain degradation in bipolar junction transistors. Multiple-trapping simulations show that space charge limited transport is partially responsible for low-dose-rate enhancement. At low dose rates, more holes are trapped near the silicon-oxide interface than at high dose rates, resulting in larger midgap voltage shifts. The additional trapped charge near the interface causes an exponential increase in excess base current and a resultant decrease in current gain for some NPN bipolar technologies. Space charge effects also may be responsible for differences in interface trap formation at low and high dose rates.
Genome-wide association studies and genomic selection assays made in a large sample of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) germplasm reveal significant marker-trait associations and good predictive value for improving yield potential

A genome-wide association study was undertaken to unravel marker-trait associations (MTAs) between SNP markers and yield-related traits. It involved a subset of 421 cacao accessions from the large and diverse collection conserved ex situ at the International Cocoa Genebank Trinidad. An average linkage disequilibrium (r2) of 0.10 at 5.2 Mb was found across several chromosomes. Seventeen significant (P ≤ 8.17 × 10-5 (–log10 (p) = 4.088)) MTAs of interest, which accounted for 5 to 17% of the explained phenotypic variation, were identified using a Mixed Linear Model in TASSEL version 5.2. 50. The most significant MTAs identified were related to seed number and seed length on chromosome 7 and seed number on chromosome 1. Other significant MTAs involved seed length to width ratio on chromosomes 3 and 5 and seed length on chromosomes 4 and 9. It was noteworthy that several yield-related traits, viz., seed length, seed length to width ratio and seed number were associated with markers on different chromosomes, indicating their polygenic nature. Approximately 40 candidate genes that encode embryo and seed development, protein synthesis, carbohydrate transport and lipid biosynthesis and transport were identified in this study. A significant association of fruit surface anthocyanin intensity co-localised with MYB-related protein 308 on chromosome 4. Testing of a genomic selection approach revealed good predictive value (GEBV) for economic traits such as seed number (GEBV = 0.611), seed length (0.6199), seed width (0.5435), seed length to width ratio (0.5503), seed/cotyledon mass (0.6014) and ovule number (0.6325). The findings of this study could facilitate genomic selection and marker-assisted breeding of cacao thereby expediting improvement in the yield potential of cacao planting material.
Boreal Headwater Catchment as Hot Spot of Carbon Processing From Headwater to Fjord

Boreal headwaters and aquatic sediments are significant transporters, stores and processors of terrestrial carbon (C) as well as emitters of greenhouse gases (GHGs), mainly CO2 and CH4. While terrestrial ecosystems are net sinks of atmospheric C, lateral fluxes of total organic and dissolved inorganic C (TOC, DIC) as well as GHG release can significantly reduce the land C sink. However, the fate of the laterally exported C remains often unresolved. Here, we combine datasets from high‐frequency sensors, monitoring and modeling to produce a C budget for a typical boreal lake and its catchment and examine it in a regional context. We show that lake TOC removal is dominated by microbial metabolism which shows strong seasonal fluctuations following stratification and ice‐cover dynamics. We estimate that 11.5 g C m−2 catchment yr−1 are exported from the catchment soils and wetlands, including 9.5 g of TOC. Only 5.4 g C m−2 catchment yr−1 reach the coast while over 50% is reemitted to the atmosphere (5.7 g C m−2 catchment yr−1). Part of the reemitted C originates from rapid turnover cycles and would not affect atmospheric CO2 and the land C sink. However, we show that the land C sink at Langtjern is reduced by >14% over the whole aquatic continuum, and by >10% within the headwater catchment. Our regional analysis suggests that headwater lake TOC mineralization is the main TOC loss along the aquatic continuum with burial being relatively small, and highlights the significance of small headwaters as intensive and fast‐responding TOC processors.
The Problems with Troubled Families: Rethinking the Analysis Behind the 120,000 Troubled Families Statistic

In the aftermath of the 2011 England riots, the then Prime Minister David Cameron referred to a ‘small number of families as the source of a large number of problems in society’ (Cameron, 2011). Soon after, the Troubled Families Programme was set up by the government to ‘turn around’ 120,000 troubled families. Despite government rhetoric focusing on ‘neighbours from hell’ (ibid.) the initial estimate of the number of troubled families did not include any indicators of problematic behaviours, such as crime or anti-social behaviour. Instead, a measure previously used by government to classify families with multiple social and economic disadvantages was used (Social Exclusion Task Force, 2007a). This article revisits the research behind the initial identification of the 120,000 troubled families and explores more widely the overlap between families with multiple social and economic disadvantage and their engagement in problematic behaviours. Our reanalysis of the original research data reveals that although families experiencing multiple social and economic disadvantage were at an increased risk of displaying problematic behaviour, only a small minority did so.
Manajemen Bisnis Aerotropolis (Airport City): Sebuah Studi Pemetaan Sistematis

Penerapan konsep aerotropolis (kota bandara) di berbagai belahan dunia memerlukan perencanaan yang holistik. Aspek-aspek yang mempengaruhi terhadap implementasi kota bandara wajib menjadi pertimbangan dalam perencanaan. Keterkaitan antara regulasi, dukungan pemerintah, skema bisnis, kepemilikan lahan, serta sumber daya manusia, menjadi modal penting dalam mewujudkan sebuah kota bandara. Studi ini adalah riset awal yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hasil dari riset yang pernah dilakukan pada bidang pengelolaan bisnis Aerotropolis dengan menggunakan systematic mapping study (SMS). Tujuan dari pemetaan ini adalah untuk mengetahui topik Aerotropolis apa saja yang diteliti. Artikel ini memfokuskan pada 10 kota bandara di dunia yang telah mengaplikasikan model Aerotropolis dalam pengembangannya, yaitu Amsterdam, Paris, Dubai, Dallas, Chicago, Memphis, Hongkong, Singapore, Incheon, dan Washington. Studi ini menggunakan metode1kualitatif dengan melalui studi pustaka. Penelusuran dilakukan melalui Google Scholar. Dimaksudkan bahwa keluaran dari SMS ini dapat menggambarkan mengenai peluang dengan tujuan eksplorasi topik serta pemikiran baru dalam pengeloaan bisnis Aerotropolis (aerocity-airport city) selain dari eksploitasi topik yang telah ada sebelumnya. Rekomendasi hasil studi dari Aerotropolis Development dengan fokus riset pada Aerotropolis Development Practices. Metode kualitatif paling banyak dilakukan dalam riset mengenai Aerotropolis ini.
Obtaining information in emergency management: a case study from an Australian emergency operations centre

Stakeholders involved in emergency management multi-agency coordination require information to inform their situation awareness to plan and coordinate their response and mitigation strategies. This study investigates the perceived information requirements of senior strategic level emergency management personnel and how they obtain this information. The results are based on empirical data from two sources: an organisational survey and observational study during an emergency event. The findings indicate that the most influential cognitive artefacts used to obtain information are in person communication and use of specialised application software. However, challenges associated with using the latter can result in an increased use of in person communication which can limit the exchange of information throughout the system of actors. Understanding the strengths and limitations of how these stakeholders obtain information in this Australian emergency operations centre to inform their situation awareness is essential in facilitating multi-agency coordination in this environment.
Gate-Voltage-Modulated Spin Precession in Graphene/WS2 Field-Effect Transistors

Transition metal dichalcogenide materials are studied to investigate unexplored research avenues, such as spin transport behavior in 2-dimensional materials due to their strong spin-orbital interaction (SOI) and the proximity effect in van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures. Interfacial interactions between bilayer graphene (BLG) and multilayer tungsten disulfide (ML-WS2) give rise to fascinating properties for the realization of advanced spintronic devices. In this study, a BLG/ML-WS2 vdW heterostructure spin field-effect transistor (FET) was fabricated to demonstrate the gate modulation of Rashba-type SOI and spin precession angle. The gate modulation of Rashba-type SOI and spin precession has been confirmed using the Hanle measurement. The change in spin precession angle agrees well with the local and non-local signals of the BLG/ML-WS2 spin FET. The operation of a spin FET in the absence of a magnetic field at room temperature is successfully demonstrated.
Paleogenomics of the Neolithic Transition in North Africa

The Neolithic revolution, which is the transition from hunting and gathering to farming, started in the Near East around 13,000 BCE. How human populations acquired agricultural and herding technologies has historically been the focus of a heated debate. Two opposing models can be applied to explain the Neolithic transition: the demic diffusion model and the cultural diffusion model. The first one argues that the Neolithic revolution involved the movement of people, in such a way that the arrival of agricultural and herding techniques was the result of the migration of farmers, who would admix with or replace previous hunter-gatherer populations. The other model proposes that the Neolithic transition was the result of the movement of ideas. In this scenario, local hunter-gatherer populations would acquire agricultural and herding technologies from neighbouring populations, without genetic admixture. Prehistoric research in North Africa has largely focused on the Lower and Middle Paleolithic periods as exemplified by the discovery of the oldest early modern human in Morocco (Richter et al., 2017) and the older stone artifacts and cut-marked bones in Algeria (Sahnouni et al., 2018). On the other hand, how populations transitioned to farming in North Africa has received less attention. Paleolithic North Africa is characterized by the Aterian culture that flourished about 30,000 BCE, and was later replaced by the Upper Paleolithic Iberomaurusian industry (~15,000 BCE). By ~12,000 BCE the Mesolithic Capsian culture appeared in the Maghreb, transitioning to farming communities in the 6th millennia BCE (Naylor 2015). Based on archaeological data, it is thought that the Neolithic transition occurred simultaneously at both shores of the Western Mediterranean through a coastal diffusion (Zilhao 2001, Linstädter 2008). Two main diffusion waves have been evidenced in the Mediterranean basin: i) a first one defined by the spread of a specific lithic industry characterized by pressure and indirect percussion reduction ii) a later one related to the spread of Cardial pottery and domesticated plants and animals (Mulazzani et al., 2016). However, some
Electromagnetic actuation systems-design and applications

The subject of limited motion electromagnetic actuation systems is now very broad. It encompasses various enabling technologies and a wide range of magnetic circuit topologies, for an ever-increasing spectrum of applications spanning all market sectors. Thus, operational requirements vary widely, in terms of displacement, speed of response, positional accuracy, duty cycle and bandwidth. Further, whilst the majority of actuators have only a single degree-of-freedom, actuation systems are emerging which can provide multiple degrees-of-freedom of controlled motion. As a consequence, it is difficult to give a general overview of the current status of electromagnetic actuation systems. Therefore, the presentation focuses mainly on systems which have been the subject of research at the University of Sheffield, some of which have only been feasible because of the emergence of high energy permanent magnets. The following actuators are discussed: long-stroke and short-stroke actuators; solenoid actuators; active magnetic bearings; reciprocating actuators; and reciprocating generators.
Impact of Urban Form on Energy Use in Water Distribution Systems

The paper explores the connection between the urban form of water distribution networks and their energy use. Urban form corresponds to the network pipe configuration and the spatial distribution of water users. An analytical model is developed to quantify the energy use to fabricate pipes, to repair pipes, to pump water, and to dispose of pipes in a trunk line. Results show that only a 10% reduction in annual per capita energy is achieved in the trunk line by increasing population density from 10 ca∕ha to 275 ca∕ha . The analysis is extended by computing energy use in networks with gridiron, radial, and satellite pipe configurations and uniform, monocentric, and polycentric population distributions. On average, the radial/monocentric combination exhibits the lowest annual per capita energy use. The paper is concluded by discussing changes to the form of cities and water main infrastructure to reduce environmental impact.
Crustal controls on light noble gas isotope variability along the Andean Volcanic Arc

doi: 10.7185/geochemlet.2134 This study combines new noble gas data from fluid inclusions in minerals from Sabancaya, Ubinas, and El Misti (CVZ, Peru) and Villarica (South Chile, SVZ) with a revised noble gas compilation in the Andes, to identify systematic along arc variations in helium isotope compositions. We find 3He/4He ratios varying from 8.8 RA (Colombia) to 7.4 RA (Ecuador) within the NVZ, and only as high as 6.4 RA in the CVZ (RA is the atmospheric 3He/4He ratio of 1.39 × 10–6). These distinct isotope compositions cannot be explained by variable radiogenic 4He production via slab fluid transport of U and Th in the mantle wedge, since both NVZ and CVZ share similar slab sediment inputs (Th/La ≈ 0.08–0.13). Instead, the progressively more radiogenic 3He/4He signatures in Ecuador and Peru reflect 4He addition upon magma ascent/ storage in the crust, this being especially thick in Peru (>70 km) and Ecuador (>50 km) relative to Colombia (∼30–45 km). The intermediate compositions in the North (8.0 RA) and South (7.9 RA) Chile, both high sediment flux margins, mostly reflect a more efficient delivery of radiogenic He in the wedge from the subducted (U-Th-rich) terrigenous sediments. Our results bring strong evidence for the major role played by crustal processes in governing noble gas compositions along continental arcs. Received 19 May 2021 | Accepted 22 October 2021 | Published 23 November 2021