Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microvascular Dysfunction in Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption and Hypoperfusion Within the Infarct Posttreatment Are Associated With Cerebral Edema

Background: Factors contributing to cerebral edema in the post-hyperacute period of ischemic stroke (first 24–72 hours) are poorly understood. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and postischemic hyperperfusion reflect microvascular dysfunction and are associated with hemorrhagic transformation. We investigated the relationships between BBB integrity, cerebral blood flow, and space-occupying cerebral edema in patients who received acute reperfusion therapy. Methods: We performed a pooled analysis of patients treated for anterior circulation large vessel occlusion in the EXTEND-IA TNK and EXTEND-IA TNK part 2 trials who had MRI with dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion-weighted imaging 24 hours after treatment. We investigated the associations between BBB disruption and cerebral blood flow within the infarct with cerebral edema assessed using 2 metrics: first midline shift (MLS) trichotomized as an ordinal scale of negligible (<1 mm), mild (≥1 to <5 mm), or severe (≥5 mm), and second relative hemispheric volume (rHV), defined as the ratio of the 3-dimensional volume of the ischemic hemisphere relative to the contralateral hemisphere. Results: Of 238 patients analyzed, 133 (55.9%) had negligible, 93 (39.1%) mild, and 12 (5.0%) severe MLS at 24 hours. The associated median rHV was 1.01 (IQR, 1.00–1.028), 1.03 (IQR, 1.01–1.077), and 1.15 (IQR, 1.08–1.22), respectively. MLS and rHV were associated with poor functional outcome at 90 days (P<0.002). Increased BBB permeability was independently associated with more edema after adjusting for age, occlusion location, reperfusion, parenchymal hematoma, and thrombolytic agent used (MLS cOR, 1.12 [95% CI, 1.03–1.20], P=0.005; rHV β, 0.39 [95% CI, 0.24–0.55], P<0.0001), as was reduced cerebral blood flow (MLS cOR, 0.25 [95% CI, 0.10–0.58], P=0.001; rHV β, −2.95 [95% CI, −4.61 to −11.29], P=0.0006). In subgroup analysis of patients with successful reperfusion (extended Treatment in Cerebral Ischemia 2b-3, n=200), reduced cerebral blood flow remained significantly associated with edema (MLS cOR, 0.37 [95% CI, 0.14–0.98], P=0.045; rHV β, −2.59 [95% CI, −4.32 to −0.86], P=0.004). Conclusions: BBB disruption and persistent hypoperfusion in the infarct after reperfusion treatment is associated with space-occupying cerebral edema. Further studies evaluating microvascular dysfunction during the post-hyperacute period as biomarkers of poststroke edema and potential therapeutic targets are warranted.
Sex Differences in Poststroke Inflammation: a Focus on Microglia Across the Lifespan

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and currently only few therapeutic options are available. Stroke is a sexually dimorphic disease contributing to the difficulty in finding efficient treatments. Poststroke neuroinflammation is geared largely by brain microglia and infiltrating peripheral immune cells and largely contributes to sex differences in the outcome of stroke. Microglia, since very early in the development, are sexually divergent, imprinting specific sex-related features. The diversity in terms of microglial density, morphology, and transcriptomic and proteomic profiles between sexes remains in the adulthood and is likely to contribute to the observed sex-differences on the postischemic inflammation. The impact of sexual hormones is fundamental: changes in terms of risk and severity have been observed for females before and after menopause underlining the importance of altered circulating sexual hormones. Moreover, aging is a driving force for changes that interact with sex, shifting the inflammatory response in a sex-dependent manner. This review summarizes the present literature on sex differences in stroke-induced inflammatory responses, with the focus on different microglial responses along lifespan.
Simpliﬁed Reduct for Choice Rules in ASP

The accepted deﬁnitions of the semantics of choice rules in Answer Set Programming (ASP) involve a translation by inventing new atoms which do not occur in the original program. In this report, we put forward a new deﬁnition of the reduct for programs containing choice rules which does not invent new predicates and prove that the semantics are the same for the subset of ASP which we consider.
Eye-Track Modeling of Problem-Solving in Virtual Manufacturing Environments

Problem-solving focuses on defining and analyzing problems, then finding viable solutions through an iterative process that requires brainstorming and understanding of what is known and what is unknown in the problem space. With rapid changes of economic landscape in the United States, new types of jobs emerge when new industries are created. Employers report that problem-solving is the most important skill they are looking for in job applicants. However, there are major concerns about the lack of problem-solving skills in engineering students. This lack of problem-solving skills calls for an approach to measure and enhance these skills. In this research, we propose to understand and improve problem-solving skills in engineering education by integrating eye-tracking sensing with virtual reality (VR) manufacturing. First, we simulate a manufacturing system in a VR game environment that we call a VR learning factory. The VR learning factory is built in the Unity game engine with the HTC Vive VR system for navigation and motion tracking. The headset is custom-fitted with Tobii eye-tracking technology, allowing the system to identify the coordinates and objects that a user is looking at, at any given time during the simulation. In the environment, engineering students can see through the headset a virtual manufacturing environment composed of a series of workstations and are able to interact with workpieces in the virtual environment. For example, a student can pick up virtual plastic bricks and assemble them together using the wireless controller in hand. Second, engineering students are asked to design and assemble car toys that satisfy predefined customer requirements while minimizing the total cost of production. Third, data-driven models are developed to analyze eye-movement patterns of engineering students. For instance, problem-solving skills are measured by the extent to which the eye-movement patterns of engineering students are similar to the pattern of a subject matter expert (SME), an ideal person who sets the expert criterion for the car toy assembly process. Benchmark experiments are conducted with a comprehensive measure of performance metrics such as cycle time, the number of station switches, weight, price, and quality of car toys. Experimental results show that eye-tracking modeling is efficient and effective to measure problem-solving skills of engineering students. The proposed VR learning factory was integrated into undergraduate manufacturing courses to enhance student learning and problem-solving
Special Section on Bile Acids, Drug Metabolism, and Toxicity — Minireview The Complicated Role of Nuclear Factor Erythroid-Derived 2-Like 2 in Allergy and Asthma

Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) is a stress-acti-vated transcription factor that is highly responsive to oxidative stress and electrophilic stimuli. Upon activation, Nrf2 upregu-lates a battery of cytoprotective genes meant to prevent cell death or damage. In many models of inflammation, Nrf2 protects against the immune response and decreases injury, including in the context of asthma and allergy. However, in some models of asthma and allergy, Nrf2 either does not play a role or can even exacerbate inflammation. In general, the reasons behind these dis-crepancies are not clear and the mechanisms by which Nrf2 modulates immune response are largely uncharacterized. The aim of this review is to highlight current literature assessing the role of Nrf2 in allergy and asthma to understand Nrf2 as a potential therapeutic target. cated by the complex nature of Nrf2 in the immune system. This review focuses on the role of Nrf2 in asthma and allergy, including in regulating immune cell function and in detoxifying xenobiotics that exacerbate these diseases. the induction of antioxidant genes by contact allergens in dendritic cells.
IgE Class Switching TRIF Signaling Is Essential for TLR4-Driven

The TLR4 ligand LPS causes mouse B cells to undergo IgE and IgG1 isotype switching in the presence of IL-4. TLR4 activates two signaling pathways mediated by the adaptor molecules MyD88 and Toll/IL-IR domain-containing adapter-inducing IFN- b (TRIF)– related adaptor molecule (TRAM), which recruits TRIF. Following stimulation with LPS plus IL-4, Tram 2 / 2 and Trif 2 / 2 B cells completely failed to express C « germline transcripts (GLT) and secrete IgE. In contrast, Myd88 2 / 2 B cells had normal expression of C « GLT but reduced IgE secretion in response to LPS plus IL-4. Following LPS plus IL-4 stimulation, C g 1 GLTexpression was modestly reduced in Tram 2 / 2 and Trif 2 / 2 B cells, whereas Aicda expression and IgG1 secretion were reduced in Tram 2 / 2 , Trif 2 / 2 , and Myd88 2 / 2 B cells. B cells from all strains secreted normal amounts of IgE and IgG1 in response to anti-CD40 plus IL-4. Following stimulation with LPS plus IL-4, Trif 2 / 2 B cells failed to sustain NF- k B p65 nuclear translocation beyond 3 h and had reduced binding of p65 to the I « promoter. Addition of the NF- k B inhibitor, JSH-23, to wild-type B cells 15 h after LPS plus IL-4 stimulation selectively blocked C « GLT expression and IgE secretion but had little effect on C g 1 GLT expression and IgG secretion. These results indicate that sustained activation of NF- k B driven by TRIF is essential for LPS plus IL-4–driven
The success factors of innovative marketing management for SME / Start up entrepreneurs of Thailand herbs

--- This research aims to study the levels of organizational innovation (OrgInno), Marketing Innovation (MarInno), Innovative Marketing Management (MarMan), and Thailand herbal SME/Startup Entrepreneurial Success (EntSuc), the effects of OrgInno, MarInno, and MarMan on OprSuc, including create a success model of Thailand herbal SME/Startup entrepreneurs. The sample was 360 executives of herbal SMEs/Startups in Thailand. Multi-stage random sampling used in the study consisted of stratified random sampling, based on herbal registration, and simple random sampling. The results found that OrgInno had a direct effect on MarInno, MarMan, and EntSuc. MarInno, besides, had a direct effect on MarMan and EntSuc. MarMan, moreover, has a direct effect on EntSuc. Finally, OrgInno, MarInno, and MarMan can jointly predict EntSuc. Therefore, the findings suggest that the related government agencies could use these results to organize training program on technological development and innovation for SMEs to enhance their competitiveness and increase their opportunities to access more funding sources. Both public and private sectors, besides, should jointly support the development of SMEs to have quality in their business operations by transferring knowledge in the form of training, seminars, distance learning, and giving advice on marketing, business improvement, including investing with entrepreneurs seeking capital assistance to promote the stability of the country's economy.
Patients’ perception of health status and ischaemic burden in stable coronary artery disease

Background: Angina pectoris, the main manifestation of coronary artery disease has an unfavorable impact on quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess Health-Related Quality Of Life (HRQoL) in patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease (SCAD) and to explore possible relationships between HRQoL and the risk factors for ischaemic heart disease, the Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) angina severity class, and the extent of myocardial ischaemia on Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Myocardial Perfusion Imaging (SPECT-MPI). Methods: HRQoL was assessed with the use of two generic questionnaires, EQ-5D-3L and SF-36v2 in one hundred consecutive patients with SCAD. Results: Most of the patients presented problems on the dimensions of mobility, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression of the EQ5D questionnaire. The EQ-VAS score was 61.96 ± 20.99, and the mean EQ-5D index value was 0.54 ± 0.31. The mean scores of the Physical Component Summary and the Mental Component Summary of the SF-36 questionnaire were 43.49 and 41.01 respectively. Higher CCS angina class, female gender and poor physical activity were significantly correlated with worse HRQoL. No statistically significant association was detected between HRQoL and the extent of ischaemia on myocardial perfusion imaging. Conclusions: Patients with SCAD have an impaired HRQoL, which can be reliably assessed by generic HRQoL questionnaires. Angina severity could be used as a surrogate of HRQoL, but individual perception of health status should be measured independently of the amount of ischaemiaon cardiac perfusion scintigraphy Keywords: health related quality of life; myocardial perfusion imaging; coronary artery disease.
A 90 GHz Broadband Balanced 8-Way Power Amplifier for High Precision FMCW Radar Sensors in 65-nm CMOS

We present a W-band 8-way wideband power amplifier (PA) for a high precision frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar in 65-nm CMOS technology. To achieve a broadband operation with an improved output power for a high range resolution and high distance coverage of FMCW radar sensors, a balanced architecture is employed with the Lange coupler which naturally combines the output powers from two 4-way push-pull PAs. By utilizing a transformer-based push-pull structure with a cross-coupled capacitive neutralization technique, the gate-drain capacitance of the 4-way PA is compensated for the stabilization with an improved power gain. Interstage matching was performed with transformers for a reduced loss from the matching network and minimal area occupation. The implemented balanced 8-way PA achieved a saturated output power (Psat) of 16.5 dBm, a 1-dB compressed output power (OP1dB) of 13.3 dBm, a power-added efficiency (PAE) of 9.9% at 90 GHz and 3-dB power bandwidth was 20.4 GHz (79.2–99.6 GHz).
A systematic map of demographic data from elephant populations throughout Africa: implications for poaching and population analyses

1 . The crisis facing Africa’s elephant populations is a notorious example of ongoing wildlife declines caused by illegal harvesting. Targeted conservation interventions require detailed knowledge about changes in population sizes and the effect of illegal activities. However, accurately quantifying poaching intensity is a difficult task: commonly calculated from ranger- based carcass-encounter data, the proportion of illegally killed elephants (PIKE) is a function of poaching and background mortality. Hence, at constant poaching intensity, PIKE decreases with increasing natural mortality and also with hunting, management interventions, and other anthropogenically induced deaths. Natural mortality often of poaching
REVIEW OF POWER DISSIPATION REDUCTION TECHNIQUES OF LOW NOISE AMPLIFIER

1 Pg scholar, 2 Assistant professor Abstract— In this paper we review and discuss the techniques that is used to reduce the reflection and content of noise in amplifier design, in the past decades many numbers of technique presented by researcher to improve the performance of amplifier. Linearity of amplifier is the important parameters to consider in the design. Linearity of amplifier design by content of reflection and noise figure of amplifier. In recent application of commercial and industry needed and preferred more stability of amplifier, this type of amplifier used in GPS, satellite communication, Bluetooth Wi-Max, radar, used in portable device like laptop, used in stabilizer. Low noise amplifier have important feature like amplify the signal with rejection of noise. Low noise amplifier in modern communication used as filter with amplifier. Recent scenario low noise amplifier available in wide band, single band, multi-band frequency of application. Low noise amplifier available with high gain, noise rejection and with less power consumption. In this paper we review the work of past decades done in low noise amplifier. Low noise amplifier products full fill all requirements of modern wireless communications. So that we review and discuss the future requirement of technology is needed to discuss. in this paper discusses issues of low noise amplifier and low power dissipation amplifier, its application, issues and recent trends, in this paper review some techniques of low noise amplifier to improve perform and surveyed almost all the possible work of past decades. Keywords— MultipleGatedTransistor ,Bulk-Bias Control, Gain-Enhancement Techniques, Multiband Feedback and Gain-Reuse
Immobilization of Collagen on the Surface of a PEEK Implant with Monolayer Nanopores

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is the only polymer material that can replace titanium implants in the field of orthopedics. This is because the mechanical properties of PEEK are similar to those of bone, and PEEK has natural radiolucency, chemical stability, and sterilization resistance. Despite these advantages, PEEK has a disadvantage—that it is bio-inert. Therefore, many studies have attempted to change the bio-inertness of PEEK into bioactivity. Among them, a method of forming pores by acid treatment is attracting attention. In this study, an attempt was made to form pores on the surface of PEEK implant using a mixed acid of sulfuric acid and nitric acid. As a result, it was found that the condition when the PEEK surface is in contact with the acid is very important. That is, it was possible to form single-layered nanopores on the surface by contacting PEEK with a mixed acid under ultrasound. Additionally, by immobilizing type I collagen on the porous PEEK surface through dopamine coating, it was possible to obtain collagen-immobilized porous PEEK (P-PEEK-Col) with high compatibility with osteoblasts. This P-PEEK-Col has high potential for use as a bone substitute that promotes bone formation.
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N8) Clade 2.3.4.4b Viruses in Satellite-Tracked Wild Ducks, Ningxia, China, 2020

During October 2020, we identified 13 highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) clade 2.3. 4.4b viruses from wild ducks in Ningxia, China. These viruses were genetically related to H5N8 viruses circulating mainly in poultry in Europe during early 2020. We also determined movements of H5N8 virus‒infected wild ducks and evidence for spreading of viruses.
Finite Element Analysis and Experiment of Wake-induced Vibration Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting

This article set up a finite element simulation model to research the effects of wake-induced vibration on piezoelectric energy harvester. To find a place which the Karman vortex street of upstream large cylinder act on downstream small cylinder to producing the best performance. We carry out wake induced vibration (WIV) experiment by setting two tandem double cylinder. The results of experiment show that the vibration of small cylinders is controlled by the vortex shedding frequency of upstream large cylinder and there is a best distance which it can find out maximum output voltage and power between two cylinders. The results of experiment are in agreement with the finite element analysis.
Fused Filament Fabrication 3D Printing: Quantification of Exposure to Airborne Particles

Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) has been established as a widely practiced Additive Manufacturing technique, using various thermoplastic filaments. Carbon fibre (CF) additives enhance mechanical properties of the materials. The main operational hazard of the FFF technique explored in the literature is the emission of Ultrafine Particles and Volatile Organic Compounds. Exposure data regarding novel materials and larger scale operations is, however, still lacking. In this work, a thorough exposure assessment measurement campaign is presented for a workplace applying FFF 3D printing in various setups (four different commercial devices, including a modified commercial printer) and applying various materials (polylactic acid, thermoplastic polyurethane, copolyamide, polyethylene terephthalate glycol) and CF-reinforced thermoplastics (thermoplastic polyurethane, polylactic acid, polyamide). Portable exposure assessment instruments are employed, based on an established methodology, to study the airborne particle exposure potential of each process setup. The results revealed a distinct exposure profile for each process, necessitating a different safety approach per setup. Crucially, high potential for exposure is detected in processes with two printers working simultaneously. An updated engineering control scheme is applied to control exposures for the modified commercial printer. The establishment of a flexible safety system is vital for workplaces that apply FFF 3D printing.
A Prolog application for reasoning on maths puzzles with diagrams

ABSTRACT Despite the indisputable progresses of artificial intelligence, some tasks that are rather easy for a human being are still challenging for a machine. An emblematic example is the resolution of mathematical puzzles with diagrams. Sub-symbolical approaches have proven successful in fields like image recognition and natural language processing, but the combination of these techniques into a multimodal approach towards the identification of the puzzle’s answer appears to be a matter of reasoning, more suitable for the application of a symbolic technique. In this work, we employ logic programming to perform spatial reasoning on the puzzle’s diagram and integrate the deriving knowledge into the solving process. Analysing the resolution strategies required by the puzzles of an international competition for humans, we draw the design principles of a Prolog reasoning library, which interacts with image processing software to formulate the puzzle’s constraints. The library integrates the knowledge from different sources, and relies on the Prolog inference engine to provide the answer. This work can be considered as a first step towards the ambitious goal of a machine autonomously solving a problem in a generic context starting from its textual-graphical presentation. An ability that can help potentially every human–machine interaction.
Comprehensive Analysis of the Structure and Function of Peptide:N-Glycanase 1 and Relationship with Congenital Disorder of Deglycosylation

The cytosolic PNGase (peptide:N-glycanase), also known as peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-β-glucosaminyl)-asparagine amidase, is a well-conserved deglycosylation enzyme (EC 3.5.1.52) which catalyzes the non-lysosomal hydrolysis of an N(4)-(acetyl-β-d-glucosaminyl) asparagine residue (Asn, N) into a N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminyl-amine and a peptide containing an aspartate residue (Asp, D). This enzyme (NGLY1) plays an essential role in the clearance of misfolded or unassembled glycoproteins through a process named ER-associated degradation (ERAD). Accumulating evidence also points out that NGLY1 deficiency can cause an autosomal recessive (AR) human genetic disorder associated with abnormal development and congenital disorder of deglycosylation. In addition, the loss of NGLY1 can affect multiple cellular pathways, including but not limited to NFE2L1 pathway, Creb1/Atf1-AQP pathway, BMP pathway, AMPK pathway, and SLC12A2 ion transporter, which might be the underlying reasons for a constellation of clinical phenotypes of NGLY1 deficiency. The current comprehensive review uncovers the NGLY1’ssdetailed structure and its important roles for participation in ERAD, involvement in CDDG and potential treatment for NGLY1 deficiency.