Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation of 32-nm CNT-OPAMPs in Analog Circuits: Design and Comparison of Leapfrog Filters

In this paper, we have presented the design and characteristic performance evaluation of a 6-order Leapfrog Filter. First we designed the filter by using Silicon-based CMOS Operational Amplifiers (Si-OPAMPs). Then we designed the filter with Carbon Nanotube-based Operational Amplifiers (CNT-OPAMPs) using a benchmark nine-transistor Operational Amplifier (OPAMP) model with single-walled Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors (SW-CNTFETs) as primary building-blocks for 32nm technology. We compared the performance between the two and achieved higher phase margin, improved power dissipation, and significantly higher input resistance for the CNT-OPAMP based filter. Then we further evaluated the performance of the CNT-OPAMP based filter by changing the number of SWNTs used in the intrinsic channel region of the CNTFET, keeping all other design parameters the same. Our simulation-based assessment has shown a satisfactory superiority for CNT-OPAMP filter design in comparison with Si-based CMOS filter design. The results obtained suggest that the CNT-OPAMP has a promising potential for low-power, high-speed applications in both analog and mixed-signal nanoelectronic circuits.
A PI stator resistance compensator for a direct torque controlled interior permanent magnet synchronous motor drive

The direct torque control (DTC) scheme based on stator flux estimation has gained popularity since speed feedback is not essential in this technique. With DTC, the electromagnetic torque and stator flux can be estimated using the measured stator voltages and currents. The estimation does not depend on motor parameters except for the stator resistance. The variation of stator resistance due to changes in temperature or frequency degrade the performance of DTC controller by introducing errors in the estimated flux linkage vector and the electromagnetic torque. Compensation for the effect of stator resistance variation then become necessary. Estimation of the stator resistance and its compensation using a proportional-integral (PI) estimator has been proposed in this paper.
A low‐pass filter of wide stopband with a novel multilayer fractal photonic bandgap structure

A novel multilayer fractal photonic bandgap (PBG) is presented as the substrate for a microstrip line and resulting configuration builds a low‐pass filter (LPF) of wide stop‐band. Experimental results in comparison with the corresponding two filters with monoplayer PBG show that the proposed filter drastically enhances the width of the stop‐band. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 40: 431–432, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11401
Port state control in the Asia-Pacific region: Issues and challenges

Abstract The inspection of foreign-flagged ships in a state’s ports and anchorages for the purpose of monitoring compliance with international standards, known as ‘port state control’, has become necessary due to ineffective control by flag states over their vessels. Measures of effectiveness of port state control invariably focus upon the quantitative outcomes of inspections, deficiencies and detentions. This paper focuses on how effectively port state control is being delivered in the Asia-Pacific region on a qualitative basis and, in particular, it considers whether the strategic objective of the Asia-Pacific port state control regime, the Memorandum of Understanding on Port State Control in the Asia-Pacific Region (Tokyo MOU),1 is being achieved. The starting point is to recall the concept of port state control and its development from a unilateral reactive measure by coastal states to a multilateral proactive control mechanism supported by international law. The structure, membership and capability of the Tokyo MOU is examined, including the flag state record of member authorities.2 Port state control performance of the Tokyo MOU is analysed using published statistics with comparative analysis undertaken of the European port state control regime - the Paris MOU. The paper identifies issues and challenges for member authorities of the Tokyo MOU in meeting its objectives. The components of the Tokyo MOU’s strategic objectives are then examined to determine whether they are being achieved. A number of recommendations are made.
Investigating the Effect of Human Resource Strategic Orientation on Employee Performance in Federal Civil Service Commision, Abuja-Nigeria

Investigating the link between human resource strategic orientation and employee performance is the first of its kind in the area of human resource management. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of human resource strategic orientation on employee performance in the Federal Civil Service Commission, Abuja-Nigeria. This study adopted a primary survey research method. The population of the study is 400. The sample size is 196 using Krijcie and Morgan (1970). However, the study adopted Salkind's (1997) suggestion of increasing the sample size by 50%. Therefore, the final sample size is 294. The study adopted a stratified random sampling technique. Out of a total of 294 copies of the questionnaire administered and were duly returned. Hence, the number of 294 copies of the questionnaire was used for the analysis. The returned copies of the questionnaire were inputted, coded, and screened using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 22 software. The data were analyzed with the help of Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). Hence, the study result showed that human resource strategic orientation is positive and significant to employee performance in Federal Civil Service Commission, Abuja-Nigeria. This study recommends that FCSC, Abuja-Nigeria, government, labour Unions and policymakers should promote human resource strategic orientation that will improve employee performance in FCSC, Abuja, and other related sectors in Nigeria to avoid agitations. The study also recommends the future researchers should adopt or adapt other dimensions of human resource management. The study further recommends that future studies should adopt or adapt the use of moderator and mediated variables which Africans and Nigerian researchers avoid. Finally, the study recommends the use of other methodological approaches and theoretical bases.
A review of recent development in variable refrigerant flow systems

This article presents a comprehensive research review on variable refrigerant flow systems. The content includes four main parts: (1) a comprehensive introduction of variable refrigerant flow systems; (2) a review of recent experimental studies, including testing of the heat pump variable refrigerant flow system, heat recovery variable refrigerant flow system, and new variable refrigerant flow systems under various operation modes; (3) a review of steady-state modeling of variable refrigerant flow systems, including history, modeling approach, and model accuracy; and (4) a review of a dynamic modeling study of variable refrigerant flow systems, including modeling approach, control design, and fault detection and diagnosis techniques. It is suggested that the experimental study of variable refrigerant flow systems should include occupants’ thermal comfort. In addition, it is recommended that the steady-state simulation should take the internal gain of buildings into consideration. To improve the accuracy of the steady-state variable refrigerant flow model, more field testing would also be necessary. For dynamic modeling research, it is suggested to include heat recovery variable refrigerant flow and new variable refrigerant flow systems. Development of advanced controllers and effective fault detection and diagnosis algorithms would also be necessary.
How Breakthroughs Happen: The Surprising Truth about How Companies Innovate (review)

Once a subset of academic histories of invention and inventors, the “how to innovate” book now occupies a large field of its own. Applying the lessons of our knowledge of innovation to the real world of business is certainly useful, especially when historians of technology are out to prove their worth, but in today’s crowded market one needs a much harder sell. Thus the dust jacket of How Breakthroughs Happen promises “three distinct strategies . that managers can implement in their own organizations,” and the subtitle teases the reader with “The Surprising Truth” about the ways that companies innovate. The central idea of Andrew Hargadon’s book is “technology brokering,” which involves bridging the gaps in knowledge and organizations to make the most out of technological advances and carry innovations across industries. The broker is someone who has a broad knowledge of technologies and is able to recombine ideas and processes into something new. These raw materials of innovation might occur in other fields or they might be old ideas waiting to be rediscovered. The technology broker is the person who locates, then mixes and matches these elements into new, commercially successful “breakthrough” technologies. Hargadon takes much the same approach in constructing his analysis, delving into the social sciences for examples and methodology, and bringing the experiences of diverse industries and time periods to buttress his arguments. He begins at the logical beginning: Thomas Edison’s Menlo Park laboratory, which exploited the opportunities offered by the rapid advance of physics and chemistry in the 1870s and applied them to problems in industry and commerce. Edison the great inventor is portrayed as Edison the great networker, and the same approach works for two other innovators discussed at length: Elmer Sperry and Henry Ford. Hargadon persuasively argues that the heroic inventors of the late nineteenth century were no smarter or harder working than any of their peers, just better connected. The emphasis is not on the technology but on the gathering of information and the application of old ideas to new problems. The successful inventors are those who can exploit networks of social ties. Great emphasis is put on the social and cultural aspects of innovation, especially on the operation of informal networks that disseminate information—a welcome break from histories that are anchored to the hardware and never get out of the laboratory. Hargadon worked as an engineer and designer in the computer industry, and the best parts of his book describe the Silicon Valley equivalents of Edison’s Menlo Park “Invention Factory,” T E C H N O L O G Y A N D C U L T U R E
Comprehensive Review of the Maritime Safety Regimes: Present Status and Recommendations for Improvements

Abstract This article presents a comprehensive review of the maritime safety regimes and provides recommendations on how to improve the system. The results show a complex legal framework which generates a high amount of inspections and overlapping of inspection areas where no cross‐recognition is established by the various stakeholders. While the safety system seems to be successful in eliminating substandard vessels and while average insurance claims costs are substantially lower for inspected vessels than non‐inspected vessels, the results indicate that the economic conditions of the shipping market also have an effect on safety quality besides the frequency of inspections. No significant differences can be found between industry inspections and port state control inspections with respect to decreasing the probability of casualty. The system could be made more effective by combining data sources on inspections and using them respectively to improve risk profiling and to decrease the frequency of inspections performed on ship types such as tankers. The results further indicate a lack of proper implementation of the International Safety Management Code (ISM code) and conventions with reference to working and living conditions of crew (ILO 147). A revision of the ISM code and more emphasis on enforcement of ILO 147 could further enhance the level of safety at sea. The authors would like to thank several inspection regimes for their cooperation in providing inspection data and in allowing the observation of surveys and inspections on 26 vessels. In addition, the authors would like to acknowledge the data providers for the casualty data, Clarksons for the economic data as well as two P&I Clubs in making data on insurance claims available.
Infinitely many radial solutions for a nonlocal equation involving an anisotropic operator

In this paper, we are concerned with a class of fractional scalar equations of Kirchhoff type. By using the variational method and a version of the symmetric mountain pass theorem, we establish the existence of inﬁnitely many radial solutions under certain appropriate assumptions on nonlinearity and Kirchhoff functions.
A Correlation Model Based Failure Mode Analysis Method for Mechatronics Systems

Failure mode analysis formechatronics systems has many problems in real applications in terms of excessivedependency on experience, lack of uniform description and tedious analysis work. In order to increaseits effectiveness, an automatic failure modes analysis framework is constructedand an extended fuzzy cognitive map is used as a reasoning technique toanalysis the effect of the failures. A function-failure correlation model witha standard description is adopted to describe the relationship between failuremodes and functions, so that designers and engineers from different fields cancomprehend and communicate within the same framework. Functional flows andfailure modes are defined as basic concepts in the fuzzy cognitive map, whichprovides an easy way to carry out an automatic cause and effect reasoning.
Planar dual‐ and tri‐band bandpass filters using single improved ring resonator and simple feed scheme

A planar single improved dual‐mode ring resonator loaded by four mushroom‐shaped stubs based on a simple feed scheme is presented for design of dual‐ and tri‐band bandpass filters (BPFs). The simple pair of feed lines with source‐load coupling is used to not only feed the ring resonator but also generate the higher desired third passband when the length of feed lines changes. That is, a desired dual‐ or tri‐band BPF can be designed based on the same single‐ring resonator. For demonstration purpose, two experimental example filters have been fabricated and implemented. The simulated and measured results are presented and show good agreements. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:574–577, 2014
Research on Methodology of Seismicity Delineating Zones in Different Areas of China

The cellullar seismology method has been proposed in this paper. Using this method, we select percentage of map area (33%) at first, then determine radius of trap region, and finally estimate probability of 'after' earthquake in the trap region. In four regions of different tectonic environments and seismic activity in China, we estimate probability of 'after' earthquake in the trap region respectively. Our results indicate that probability of 'after' earthquake in the trap region is greater than percentage of map area, and that future earthquakes occur frequently where past earthquakes have occurred. Therefore, it is feasible that using seismicity prediction to delineate potential locations of future earthquakes which varies for regions with different tectonic environments.
Uncovering the Mechanism of Shenlian Capsules in the Treatment of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer by System Pharmacology

Background: Shenlian Capsule is a Chinese medicine compound approved by the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). However, due to its complex constituents, cause its effective active compounds and main action mechanisms for treating diseases are still not fully clear. The purpose of this work is to explore the active ingredients and mechanisms of Shenlian Capsule treatment NSCLC through a system pharmacological approach. Methods: First, a database of Shenlian Capsule chemical composition was constructed by retrieving Chinese herbal medicine data. Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) methods were used to screen potential active compounds. Predict active compound targets with a large-scale molecular network target prediction technology. Clustering of active compounds obtained through cluster analysis by MECODE plug-in, each cluster obtains the main pathways through enrichment analysis method. To get all targets related to survival in NSCLC, the survival related targets were intersected with the compounds target (C-T) network to get the survival related targets for Shenlian Capsule. Finally, a batch molecular docking technique was used to verify the effect of active compounds of Shenlian Capsule on survival-related targets.Results: The Shenlian Capsule C-T network was constructed with 117 potential compounds and 47 targets. Treatment of NSCLC with Shenlian Capsule through enrichment analysis may involve multiple pathways such as anti-inflammatory, immune regulation, regulation of cell cycle, apoptosis, antiviral, cell hypoxia, angiogenesis and so on. Shenlian Capsule has eight survival-related genes in non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and two survival-related genes in non-small cell squamous cell lung carcinoma (LUSC). It is known through molecular docking that the active compound has lower energy after conformation with survival-related genes, and has lower binding energy and stable binding.Conclusion: In this study, the potential compounds of active compounds in Shenlian Capsule were first predicted using network pharmacology technology. Through the enrichment analysis, the main pathways of the role of Shenlian Capsule were outcropped. Secondly, by combining bioinformatics and network pharmacology, Shenlian Capsule can be regulated to target survival-related targets. Finally, the molecular docking technique shows the relationship between active compounds and survival-related targets after docking. This work provided a scientific basis for the clinical role of Shenlian Capsule in the treatment of NSCLC, provided a research basis for further clarifying the active ingredients and mechanism of Shenlian Capsule in the treatment of NSCLC.
Study of manoeuvrability of container ship by static and dynamic simulations using a RANSE-based solver

The numerical study of manoeuvrability of surface ships necessitates the determination of the hydrodynamic derivatives in the equations of motion. Standard manoeuvring tests are simulated to evaluate the ship's manoeuvring qualities. This paper deals with the estimation of linear, nonlinear and roll-coupled hydrodynamic derivatives of a container ship by numerically simulating static and dynamic tests at different roll angles using a RANSE solver. The mathematical model suitable for the nonlinear roll-coupled steering model for high-speed container ships is considered here. In order to include the effect of roll on the ship, the roll-dependent derivatives are estimated by using static and dynamic tests numerically performed at discrete heel angles. Standard definitive manoeuvres such as turning circle and zig-zag tests are numerically simulated by solving the equations of motion and the results are verified with those obtained by using experimental values.
1600 V, 5.1 mΩ●cm2 4H-SiC BJT with a High Current Gain of β=70

This paper reports a newly achieved best result on the common emitter current gain of 4H-SiC high power bipolar junction transistors (BJTs). A fabricated 1600 V – 15 A 4H-SiC power BJT with an active area of 1.7 mm2 shows a high DC current gain (b) of 70, when it conducts 9.8 A collector current at a base current of only 140 mA. The maximum AC current gain (DIC/DIB) is up to 78. This high performance BJT has an open base collector-to-emitter blocking voltage (VCEO) of over 1674 V with a leakage current of 1.6 μA, and a specific on-resistance (RSP-ON) of 5.1 mW.cm2 when it conducts 7.0 A (412 A/cm2) at a forward voltage drop of VCE = 2.1 V. A large area 4H-SiC BJT with a footprint of 4.1 mm x 4.1 mm has also shown a DC current gain over 50. These high-gain, high-voltage and high-current 4H-SiC BJTs further support a promising future for 4H-SiC BJT applications.
Low-sensitivity digital ladder filters

A class of low-sensitivity digital ladder filters may be realized in the voltage-current domain by direct analogy with the continuous resistively terminated LC ladder filter. The problem of unrealizability that is implied by delay-free loops in the discrete signal flow graph is overcome by using transformations that correspond to LC elements that exhibit finite Cube factors. The resultant deterioration in the passband of the transfer function is determined from the Blowstein LC ladder sensitivity theory and is, thereby, shown to be low valued at high sampling frequencies. The sensitivity properties of this class of digital ladder filters are directly analogous to the LC prototype because each LC element is replaced by a digital multiplier. Consequently, if maximum power transfer is approximately maintained throughout the passband of the LC prototype, then the first-order sensitivity of the corresponding digital transfer function to multiply a coefficient quantization is necessarily low valued.
A Piezoresistive Silicon Accelerometer With Monolithically Integrated CMOS-circuitry

A piezoresistive silicon accelerometer with complete on-chip signal conditioning for automotive applications was developed. The sensor is a three- layer device fabricated and bonded completely on a wafer scale. The functional units of the electronic circuit include amplification, temperature drift compensation, and an auto-zero offset compensation capability for the complete device. The results indicate that the sensor fabrication is compatible with a CMOS process and that it has the potential for a low-cost high yield process.
Catestatin (Cst) protects the brain against ischemia/reperfusion injury through suppressing ER-stress and mitochondrial dysfunction

BackgroundCerebral stroke, known as a cerebral vascular accident (CVA), is one of the leading causes of long-term disability and the second leading cause of death worldwide. Despite amounts of advances that have been achieved in terms of the treatment of ischemic stroke. But thus far, clinically effective neuroprotectants remain elusive, which may mainly due to the lack of a complete understanding of molecular mechanisms of the stroke. Previous studies have been revealed that catestatin (Cst) is closely related to cardiovascular ischemia/reperfusion injuries. However, little is known about whether Cst is involved in the regulation of neuronal death processes during ischemia. MethodsIn the present study, we revealed a protective function of Cst on Rat neuron cell death in the setting of ischemia/reperfusion injury. ResultsWe found that Cst treatment significantly attenuated the deficits of hippocampal related behaviors. On mechanism, our data revealed that Cst administration remarkably reduced ER-stress and mitochondrial dysfunction caused by I/R injury, and subsequently protected brain cells from apoptosis. ConclusionIn sum, our results demonstrate that Cst ameliorates I/R injury-induced hippocampal-related behaviors deficits by protecting the neurons from I/R injury-induced ER-stress and mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. Our findings may provide a promising novel neuroprotectant for ischemic stroke therapy.