Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Financial Re-Engineering Impact on Organisational Capacity of Poultry Business in Nigeria

: The Nigerian poultry industry, with a net worth value of 1.875trillion naira, comprises approximately 180 million birds and produces 454 million tons of meat and 21 billion eggs per year. Yet, local production only meets 30% of the demand for chicken eggs and meat, thus exposing the investment potentials and performance associated challenges at boosting the poultry industry that has emerged as the most dynamic, developed, commercialized and fastest growing livestock sub-sector in the country. Thus, this study examined the impact of financial re-engineering on organisational capacity of the poultry business in Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design. The population of the study were 4,324 active farmers and support services of the key poultry business stakeholders in the six geo-political zones of Nigeria. The sample size of 450 was determined using Taro Yamane sample size formular. Strata random sampling technique were used to select the respondents from the geo-political zones. A structured and valid questionnaire were administered to the respondents with a response rate of 84%. The Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficients for the constructs ranged from 0.87 to 0.95. Descriptive and inferential (multiple regression) analysis was used to analyse the data at 5% level of significance. The findings revealed that financial re-engineering had a significant effect on organisational capacity (learning and growth performance) (Adj. R2 = 0.607 F (5,379) = 118.008, p < 0.05). The study concluded that financial re-engineering has significant effect on organisational capacity of poultry business in Nigeria. The study recommended that the numerous agricultural institutions should prioritise the training of skilled professionals and workers at all levels running short-term developmental programmes, adapting the school curriculum to teach current trends in the livestock business, research into new methodologies of skills development as a tool for building capacity with the workforce and drive all other performance indices.
Assessment and Treatment Strategies for the Aesthetic Improvement of the Lower Face and Neck

Background Interest in aesthetic rejuvenation of the lower face and neck is growing, but published expert guidance is limited. Objective Review aesthetic concerns of the lower face and neck and provide expert guidance on evaluation and treatment. Methods Twelve international experts participated in an advisory board on lower face and neck aesthetic treatment. They completed a premeeting survey and met twice, reviewing responses and discussing patient evaluation and treatment strategies. They developed decision tree algorithms on patient assessment and treatment planning and sequencing, using clinical cases as a reference. Results Treatment concerns include neck and lower face skin laxity, structural bone deficiency, insufficient or excess volume, submental fat, jowls, platysma bands, and masseter muscle prominence. Advisors agreed that the lower face and neck may be the most challenging areas to assess and treat; treatment goals include lower facial contour and overall facial harmony/balance. Advisors recommended first ruling out a surgical approach, then determining whether midface treatment is needed to support the lower face, and lastly evaluating the lower face for significant submental fat, excess or insufficient volume, and structural bone deficiency. To treat the lower face and neck, an anatomical layer approach, moving from deep to superficial layers, beginning with structural support, was recommended. Assessment and treatment decision trees were based on this approach. Conclusion The lower face and neck are important but underrecognized areas of aesthetic concern. This article provides expert guidance and a suggested algorithm for assessment and treatment aimed at achieving satisfying and harmonious facial aesthetic results.
Pattern, Cause of Childhood Burn injuries and their Management Outcome At Jimma Medical Center, Jimma Zone, Oromia Region, Southwest Ethiopia

Purpose Burn injuries are prevalent worldwide, especially in developing countries; and there are significant pediatric burn injuries in Ethiopia. This study was performed to analyze the pattern, cause, and management outcome of burn injuries in Jimma Medical Center. Methods A hospital‑based retrospective cross‑sectional study was conducted at Jimma university medical center burn unit. Data were collected through chart review of pediatric patients aged 0 to 14 years who were admitted to the burn unit with a burn injury. A total of 92 hospitalized children were studied from Jan 1, 2020 to Dec 31, 2021 GC. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. The statistical significance was determined using odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and the corresponding P-value of less than 0.05. Results The majority of the patients were males (52.2%). Scald burn was the most common cause of burn in 57(62.0%). The TBSA of majority of the patients (52.2%) was found to be between 11% and 20%. After adjusting for possible confounders in the multivariate analysis, preexisting illness and time of presentation to care were found to have a statistically significant association with the outcome of burn at discharge (P= 0.007) (P= 0.021) respectively. Conclusion The most common cause of burn in our setup was scald burn; upper extremities were also the most affected site. According to our study, the factors associated with the outcome of burn injury were preexisting illness and late presentation to health facilities.
Weighted multiple testing procedures in genome-wide association studies

Multiple testing procedures controlling the false discovery rate (FDR) are increasingly used in the context of genome wide association studies (GWAS), and weighted multiple testing procedures that incorporate covariate information are efficient to improve the power to detect associations. In this work, we evaluate some recent weighted multiple testing procedures in the specific context of GWAS through a simulation study. We also present a new efficient procedure called wBHa that prioritizes the detection of genetic variants with low minor allele frequencies while maximizing the overall detection power. The results indicate good performance of our procedure compared to other weighted multiple testing procedures. In particular, in all simulated settings, wBHa tends to outperform other procedures in detecting rare variants while maintaining good overall power. The use of the different procedures is illustrated with a real dataset.
Correlation space of narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies

Abstract Narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies, as active galactic nuclei with low-mass black holes and high accretion rates, are important targets when addressing questions related to black hole growth and accretion physics. We have studied the correlations among the optical emission-line and continuum properties of a sample of NLS1 galaxies, in comparison with a sample of broad-line Seyfert 1 galaxies. We have shown that the density of the narrow-line region is a key component of Eigenvector 1 space. Density turned out to be as important as the Eddington ratio L/LEdd. This result therefore establishes a close link between central engine and host properties, and places new constraints on host - black hole co-evolution.
L-Arabinose inhibits Shiga toxin type 2-converting bacteriophage induction in Escherichia coli O157:H7

ABSTRACT The pathogenicity of Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 is predominantly associated with Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2) that poses a huge threat to human and animal intestinal health. Production of Stx2 requires expression of stx2 gene, which is located in the genome of lambdoid Stx2 prophage. Growing evidence has implicated that many commonly consumed foods participate in the regulation of prophage induction. In this study, we aimed to explore whether specific dietary functional sugars could inhibit Stx2 prophage induction in E. coli O157:H7, thereby preventing Stx2 production and promoting intestinal health. We demonstrated that Stx2 prophage induction in E. coli O157:H7 was strongly inhibited by L-arabinose both in vitro and in a mouse model. Mechanistically, L-arabinose at doses of 9, 12, or 15 mM diminished RecA protein levels, a master mediator of the SOS response, contributing to reduced Stx2-converting phage induction. L-Arabinose inhibited quorum sensing and oxidative stress response, which are known as positive regulators of the SOS response and subsequent Stx2 phage production. Furthermore, L-arabinose impaired E. coli O157:H7 arginine transport and metabolism that were involved in producing Stx2 phage. Collectively, our results suggest that L-arabinose may be exploited as a novel Stx2 prophage induction inhibitor against E. coli O157:H7 infection.
A Social Network Analysis of Influences on Residents’ Value-Based Decisions

Purpose To ensure a value-based health care system, it is becoming increasingly important that residents are trained in making value-based decisions. This study explored the social network influencing residents’ value-based decisions. Method To explore the social network influencing residents’ value-based decisions, the authors used a semistructured individual and mini-group interviewing approach and participatory visual mapping. In total, 17 residents across 13 different specialties were interviewed from the southeastern postgraduate medical education and training region of the Netherlands, May–November 2021. Two researchers independently coded the transcribed data using an integrated inductive thematic approach. Subsequently, social network analysis was used to visualize the results. Results Residents indicated that their value-based decisions were influenced by direct actors who influenced decisions related to patients and indirect actors who shaped decisions related to patients without directly modifying them. Different interaction-aspects (i.e., personal, situational, and institutional) further affected residents’ ability to make value-based decisions. Thus, residents’ value-based decisions were a product of the interplay between various interactions with actors and different interaction-aspects. Residents defined value-based decisions differently, even within an interview. Conclusions These results suggest residents’ value-based decisions are influenced by a multitude of actors, including hierarchically superior colleagues who can directly alter decisions and patients (and their families) and nurses with whom residents consider it important to maintain good relationships. In addition, more experienced actors, mainly from the medical and nursing profession, contribute most to learning. Furthermore, residents’ value-based decisions are deeply underpinned by the hidden curriculum. However, many senior physicians may not have received sufficient training in the concept of value-based health care. Consequently, an approach of formally educating residents in value-based health care will likely have limited effects unless social influences in day-to-day clinical settings reinforce its importance.
A randomised controlled trial testing acceptance of practitioner‐referral versus self‐referral to stop smoking services within the Lung Screen Uptake Trial

Abstract Background and aims Optimising smoking cessation (SC) referral strategies within lung cancer screening (LCS) could significantly reduce lung cancer mortality. This study aimed to measure acceptance of referral to SC support by either practitioner‐referral or self‐referral among participants attending a hospital‐based lung health check appointment for LCS as part of the Lung Screen Uptake Trial. Design Single‐blinded two‐arm randomised controlled trial. Setting England. Participants Six hundred forty‐two individuals ages 60 to 75 years, who self‐reported currently smoking or had a carbon monoxide reading over 10 ppm during the lung health check appointment. Intervention and comparator Participants were randomised (1:1) to receive either a contact information card for self‐referral to a local stop smoking service (SSS) (self‐referral, n = 360) or a SSS referral made on their behalf by the nurse or trial practitioner (practitioner‐referral, n = 329). Measurements The primary outcome was acceptance of the practitioner‐referral (defined as participants giving permission for their details to be shared with the local SSS) compared with acceptance of the self‐referral (defined as participants taking the physical SSS contact information card to refer themselves to the local SSS). Findings Half (49.8%) accepted the practitioner‐made referral to a local SSS, whereas most (88.5%) accepted the self‐referral. The odds of accepting the practitioner‐referral were statistically significantly lower (adjusted odds ratio = 0.10; 95% confidence interval = 0.06–0.17) than the self‐ referral. In analyses stratified by group, greater quit confidence, quit attempts and Black ethnicity were associated with increased acceptance within the practitioner‐referral group. There were no statistically significant interactions between acceptance by referral group and any of the participants’ demographic or smoking characteristics. Conclusions Among participants in hospital‐based lung cancer screening in England who self‐reported smoking or met a carbon monoxide cut‐off, both practitioner‐referral and self‐referral smoking cessation strategies were highly accepted. Although self‐referral was more frequently accepted, prior evidence suggests practitioner‐referrals increase quit attempts, suggesting practitioner‐referrals should be the first‐line strategy within lung cancer screening, with self‐referral offered as an alternative.
Targeting temperature-sensitive transient receptor potential channels in hypertension: far beyond the perception of hot and cold

Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are nonselective cation channels and participate in various physiological roles. Thus, changes in TRP channel function or expression have been linked to several disorders. Among the many TRP channel subtypes, the TRP ankyrin type 1 (TRPA1), TRP melastatin type 8 (TRPM8), and TRP vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channels are temperature-sensitive and recognized as thermo-TRPs, which are expressed in the primary afferent nerve. Thermal stimuli are converted into neuronal activity. Several studies have described the expression of TRPA1, TRPM8, and TRPV1 in the cardiovascular system, where these channels can modulate physiological and pathological conditions, including hypertension. This review provides a complete understanding of the functional role of the opposing thermo-receptors TRPA1/TRPM8/TRPV1 in hypertension and a more comprehensive appreciation of TRPA1/TRPM8/TRPV1-dependent mechanisms involved in hypertension. These channels varied activation and inactivation have revealed a signaling pathway that may lead to innovative future treatment options for hypertension and correlated vascular diseases.
Cost‐utility of real‐time continuous glucose monitoring versus self‐monitoring of blood glucose and intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring in people with type 1 diabetes receiving multiple daily insulin injections in Denmark

To determine the cost‐effectiveness of the Dexcom G6 real‐time continuous glucose monitoring (rt‐CGM) system compared with both the self‐monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and the Abbott FreeStyle Libre 1 and 2 intermittently scanned CGM (is‐CGM) devices in people with type 1 diabetes receiving multiple daily insulin injections in Denmark.
Work productivity and activity impairment in disorders of gut‐brain interaction: Data from the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study

Abstract Background Disorders of Gut‐Brain Interaction (DGBI) are highly prevalent worldwide, but their effect on work productivity has not gained much attention. Aims and Methods We aimed to compare work productivity and activity impairment (WPAI) in persons with and without DGBI in a large population‐based cohort and identify factors independently associated with WPAI in subjects with DGBI. Data were collected from Germany, Israel, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Poland, Spain and Sweden via Internet surveys as part of the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study. Apart from the Rome IV diagnostic questionnaire, questionnaires evaluating WPAI related to general health (WPAI:GH), psychological distress (PHQ‐4), somatic symptom severity (PHQ‐15) and other factors were assessed. Results Of the 16,820 subjects, 7111 met the criteria for DGBI according to the Rome IV diagnostic questionnaire. Subjects with DGBI were younger (median (interquartile range) age 43 (31–58) vs. 47 (33–62)) and more often female (59.0% vs. 43.7%) compared to subjects without DGBI. Subjects with DGBI had higher absenteeism, presenteeism (poor work productivity due to illness), overall work impairment and activity impairment (p < 0.001) compared with subjects without. For subjects with DGBI affecting more than one anatomical region, WPAI was incrementally higher for each additional region. There were significant differences in WPAI for subjects with DGBI in different countries. Subjects from Sweden had the highest overall work impairment and from Poland the lowest. Using multiple linear regression, male sex, fatigue, psychological distress, somatic symptom severity and number of anatomical regions were independently associated with overall work impairment (p < 0.05 for all). Conclusion In the general population, people with DGBI have substantial WPAI compared with those without DGBI. The reasons for these findings should be explored further, but having multiple DGBI, psychological distress, fatigue and somatic symptom severity seem to contribute to this impairment associated with DGBI.
Neural shifts in alpha rhythm's dual functioning during empathy maturation

Empathy is a social–cognitive process that operates by relying mainly on the suppression of the cortical alpha rhythm. This phenomenon has been evidenced in dozens of electrophysiological studies targeting adult human subjects. Yet, recent neurodevelopmental studies indicated that at a younger age, empathy involves reversed brain responses (e.g., alpha enhancement patterns). In this multimodal study, we capture neural activity at the alpha range, and hemodynamic response and target subjects at approximately 20 years old as a unique time window in development that allows investigating both low‐alpha suppression and high‐alpha enhancement. We aim to further investigate the functional role of low‐alpha power suppression and high‐alpha power enhancement during empathy development.
3‐aminohydantoin derivate as a promising scaffold in dopaminergic neuroprotection and neurorescue in the in vivo and in vitro 6‐hydroxydopamine models of Parkinson's disease

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, for which no disease‐modifying treatments are available yet. Thus, developing new neuroprotective drugs with the potential to delay or stop the natural course of the disease is necessary. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of a newly synthesized 3‐aminohydantoin derivative named 3‐amino‐5‐benzylimidazolidine‐2,4‐dione (PHAH). The possible neuroprotective and neurorescue effects of the synthesized compound were tested: (i) in N27 dopaminergic and BV‐2 microglial cell lines treated with 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA) and (ii) in the 6‐OHDA rat model of PD. PHAH administration reduced proinflammatory markers, including nitric oxide synthase and interleukin‐1β, in BV‐2 cells activated by lipopolysaccharide. Although PHAH did not restore cell death induced by 6‐OHDA, it was not cytotoxic for dopaminergic cells since cell viability, under the effect of the two concentrations, remained comparable to that of the control cells. Most interestingly, PHAH restored 6‐OHDA‐induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra and striatum and ameliorated 6‐OHDA‐induced oxidative stress in the rat brain. In summary, we have proven that in PD models, PHAH has neuroprotective effects in vivo and anti‐inflammatory effects in vitro; however, these effects remain to be confirmed by carrying out certain specific behavioural tests as well as by exploring other neuroinflammatory markers. The present work also suggests that PHAH is a promising scaffold that can serve as the basis for the design and synthesis of other derivatives that can be potent antiparkinsonian agents.
Deciphering Methylation Effects on S2(ππ*) Internal Conversion in the Simplest Linear α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl

Chemical substituents can influence photodynamics by altering the location of critical points and the topography of the potential energy surfaces (electronic effect) and by selectively modifying the inertia of specific nuclear modes (inertial effects). Using nonadiabatic dynamics simulations, we investigate the impact of methylation on S2(ππ*) internal conversion in acrolein, the simplest linear α,β-unsaturated carbonyl. Consistent with time constants reported in a previous time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy study, S2 → S1 deactivation occurs on an ultrafast time scale (∼50 fs). However, our simulations do not corroborate the sequential decay model used to fit the experiment. Instead, upon reaching the S1 state, the wavepacket bifurcates: a portion undergoes ballistic S1 → S0 deactivation (∼90 fs) mediated by fast bond-length alternation motion, while the remaining decays on the picosecond time scale. Our analysis reveals that methyl substitution, generally assumed to mainly exert inertial influence, is also manifested in important electronic effects due to its weak electron-donating ability. While methylation at the β C atom gives rise to effects principally of an inertial nature, such as retarding the twisting motion of the terminal −CHCH3 group and increasing its coupling with pyramidalization, methylation at the α or carbonyl C atom modifies the potential energy surfaces in a way that also contributes to altering the late S1-decay behavior. Specifically, our results suggest that the observed slowing of the picosecond component upon α-methylation is a consequence of a tighter surface and reduced amplitude along the central pyramidalization, effectively restricting the access to the S1/S0-intersection seam. Our work offers new insight into the S2(ππ*) internal conversion mechanisms in acrolein and its methylated derivatives and highlights site-selective methylation as a tuning knob to manipulate photochemical reactions.
Increased sea ice melt as a driver of enhanced Arctic phytoplankton blooming

Phytoplankton primary production in the Arctic Ocean has been increasing over the last two decades. In 2019, a record spring bloom occurred in Fram Strait, characterized by a peak in chlorophyll that was reached weeks earlier than in other years and was larger than any previously recorded May bloom. Here, we consider the conditions that led to this event and examine drivers of spring phytoplankton blooms in Fram Strait using in situ, remote sensing, and data assimilation methods. From samples collected during the May 2019 bloom, we observe a direct relationship between sea ice meltwater in the upper water column and chlorophyll a pigment concentrations. We place the 2019 spring dynamics in context of the past 20 years, a period marked by rapid change in climatic conditions. Our findings suggest that increased advection of sea ice into the region and warmer surface temperatures led to a rise in meltwater input and stronger near‐surface stratification. Over this time period, we identify large‐scale spatial correlations in Fram Strait between increased chlorophyll a concentrations and increased freshwater flux from sea ice melt.