Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unity Power Factor Operation Control Method For Single-phase to Three-phase Matrix Converter

This paper proposes a new control method of matrix converter to obtain the unity power factor operation. Source side of the matrix converter is single-phase voltage, and the load side is three-phase ac motor. The number of switching device is six, and the converter does not require a reactor or an electrolytic capacitor. Generally, it is difficult for matrix converter to control both its input current waveform and the output voltage waveform, because the switching devices are connected to both source side and load side. In this paper, applying an algebraic transfer matrix, the control method of single-phase to three-phase matrix converter applies the indirect modulation model. The indirect modulation model treats a matrix converter as a two-stage transformation converter. The rectifier of proposed model consists only diode and small L-C filter. Hence, the switching frequency is lower than the conventional model one. The inverter of the proposed model regulates both the input current waveform and the motor speed. The inverter control scheme for IPM motor is based on direct torque control (DTC). The additional current controller improves its input current waveform. Hence, an optimum switching pattern of the matrix converter realizes quick torque response and unity power factor operation. This paper describes that the proposed method achieves the power factor 97.6% by experimental tests. The experimental results confirm the feasibility of the proposed method for matrix converter.
Last Mile Delivery Considering Time-Dependent Locations

Last-mile delivery (LMD) is known as the task of delivering items from a warehouse to a customer. In LMD's original version, each item is to be delivered to a single location in a city's network. In this paper, we extend such a scenario by assuming that there can be alternative delivery locations for each item, depending on the time of the day, and aim at maximizing the number of deliveries completed by a courier. We call this new problem the Last Mile Flexible Delivery (LMFD) problem. In fact, at least one e-commerce company, namely Amazon, currently offers the possibility of delivering items to a customer's parked car, thus making the LMFD problem, not only computationally challenging, but also practically relevant. After showing LMFD's NP-hardness, we propose an efficient heuristic approach based on provably correct pruning of the search space, and, using a real and large mobility dataset, we show that such heuristic is both effective and highly efficient.
Knowledge Management Adoption and Implementation Readiness: A Case Study of the National Library of Malaysia

Knowledge Management (KM) refers to a range of practices used by organizations to identify, create, represent and distribute knowledge for reuse, awareness, and learning across organizations. Libraries have always been regarded as a readerâ€™s haven. With the proven advantages of KM, libraries are able to use this technology to improve their services and become learning organizations. KM can be used to assist librarians in changing their role to be knowledge managers. They need to constantly update or acquire new skills and knowledge to remain relevant to contemporary library environment. Libraries need to restructure their functions, expand their roles and responsibilities to effectively contribute and meet the needs of a large and diverse community and users. In this paper, we present the outcome of a survey on the perception and understanding of various aspects of KM by the librarians and staff of the National Library of Malaysia (NLM). The study investigates the current status of KM in NLM. The main objective of the survey is to discover how the organization goes about creating, disseminating and applying knowledge internally. It also tries to assess whether the working environment in the NLM supports the adoption and implementation of KM. The result of this effort can be used by other libraries and similar organizations which are considering adopting and implementing KM.
A lightweight transport protocol for home networks

This paper proposes a new transport protocol for home networks called the lightweight command transport protocol (LCTP). The success of stability in the Internet is due to the congestion control of TCR Although TCP is so robust and versatile that it can be used over many kinds of networks, it is not suitable for home networks. For one thing, TCP is too complicated to connect small devices and appliances that are common in home appliances. This is mainly because TCP includes a complicated additive increase multiplicative decrease (AIMD) self stabilizing rate control mechanism. For another, communications in a home network may be between non-IP devices. A transport protocol is desired to be run over IP and non-IP nodes.
Asymmetric Teflon-based Schiffman phase shifter

Novel asymmetric 45/spl deg/ Schiffman phase shifters having 1-coupling and 2-coupling for 2.3 GHz applications are presented along with measurement results. The proposed phase shifters with a Teflon substrate are fabricated in a smaller area and cost-effective way compared to the conventional Schiffman phase shifter. In addition, the characteristics of the fabricated phase shifters were extracted and compared. The proposed phase shifters appear to be very promising and useful, particularly for the future 2.3 GHz wireless applications.
Assessment of Antiretroviral therapy Initiation among pregnant Women under Option B+ Approach; Viral Load and CD4 Count Outcomes in selected Hospitals of West Zone Oromia, Ethiopia: Quantitative Prospective Cohort Study Design

Abstract Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is effective for elimination of mother-to-child transmission (eMTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, reducing infant mortality and ensuring maternal virologic suppression. While pregnant women require lifelong ART immediately they test HIV positive (“test and treat”) under Option B+ programs, eMTCT programs face challenges and information on the relationship between the time to ART initiation following HIV testing and treatment outcomes is limited in Ethiopia Methods: A quantitative prospective cohort design was employed to conduct the study. Five randomly selected Hospitals providing Option B+ services with routine viral load assessment by Oromia regional Laboratory (ORL) from January 2016 to January 2017 was randomly selected. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were conducted to determine factors affecting the time to ART initiation following an HIV test and logistic regression used to determine the correlation between time and treatment outcomes. Results: The study results produced and evidence of a mean VL (copies/ml) of 197.27 copies/ml. Respondents that were on ART for a shorter period ≤37 months had the least proportion of women 31% were suppressed with VL<1000 copies/ml compared to those on ART for >38 months (58.7%) were suppressed. The median (IQR) CD4 count change or difference among women that had initial and last CD4 was 581 cells/μl and mean of current CD4 count 629.17ceels/ml3 and more than 85.3% had increase CD4 count. Therefore, in this study identified that factors associated with viral load response were poor /fair adherence missing doses in the past month, missing appointments, baseline CD4 and maternal months on ART were statistically significant among HIV positive pregnant women that initiated lifelong ART on option B+ in Ethiopia. Conclusion: The study results demonstrated that HIV positive pregnant women Study results indicate that majority of the respondents 89.7% were suppressed of which 80.3% were undetectable (VL= 0 copies /ml3 and 85.3% had increased CD4 count and 10.3% were not suppressed (VL >1000 copies/ml). Therefore, strategies aimed at improving adherence among women on option B+ are to ensure that these women achieve adequate immunological outcomes. Keywords: ART Initiation Pregnant Women Option B +, Viral Load, CD4 Count
Development of a Silicon Microneedle with Three-Dimensional Sharp Tip by Electrochemical Etching

Aiming at the use in low-invasive medical treatments, this paper reports a fabrication technique of silicon microneedle of conical sharp point. The electrochemical etching technique is employed for sharpening the tip of a pillar, which is diced from a silicon wafer. A finely smooth tip surface is obtained due to electrochemical etching reactions, and is effective for easy insertion. The fabrication method is based on inexpensive wet etching, which does not require expensive fabrication facilities such as deep reactive ion etching (DRIE). A sharp needle was successfully fabricated, the tip angle of which was considerably small and was distributed within the range from 15 to 30 deg. An experiment of inserting the fabricated needle into an artificial skin of silicone rubber was carried out. As the results, the resistance force during insertion was much reduced compared to those of two-dimensional sharp needles. Imitating mosquito's motion, the effectiveness of applying vibration to the fabricated needle during insertion was also confirmed. After biocompatible Parylene coating, puncturing a human skin was demonstrated assuming a lancet usage for the diabetics, in which the bleeding was surely observed.
Iterative Learning Sliding Mode Control for UAV Trajectory Tracking

This paper presents a novel iterative learning sliding mode controller (ILSMC) that can be applied to the trajectory tracking of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) subject to model uncertainties and external disturbances. Here, the proposed ILSMC is integrated in the outer loop of a controlled system. The control development, conducted in the discrete-time domain, does not require a priori information of the disturbance bound as with conventional SMC techniques. It only involves an equivalent control term for the desired dynamics in the closed loop and an iterative learning term to drive the system state toward the sliding surface to maintain robust performance. By learning from previous iterations, the ILSMC can yield very accurate tracking performance when a sliding mode is induced without control chattering. The design is then applied to the attitude control of a 3DR Solo UAV with a built-in PID controller. The simulation results and experimental validation with real-time data demonstrate the advantages of the proposed control scheme over existing techniques.
Future climate change and building energy demand in Tianjin, China

This paper concerns the impacts of future climate change under two forcing scenarios on energy demand of commercial building and residential buildings with different energy-saving levels in Tianjin. Heating load of commercial building will decrease under the two scenarios in the next 90 years but increase of cooling load is found. All residential buildings will decrease heating load in the future 90 years. In particular, the decreasing rate of energy demand during 2011–2100 by the residential building slows down from the first- to the third-stage energy-saving levels. Additionally, the difference in energy demand between the two scenarios becomes smaller as the energy-saving level increases. These suggest that higher energy-saving levels are beneficial for decreasing not only energy consumption but also its sensitivity to climate change. Practical application : Climate change in the future causes the large and significant increase in cooling energy demand but decrease in heating energy demand. This would be helpful for the adjustment of energy use strategy by government. Also, the possible changes in future energy demands for heating and cooling will be of interest to energy providers. The responses of heating energy demand to the future climate change show large difference among the residential buildings with different energy-saving levels. This will provide useful information for policy makers and building industry managers on how to make appropriate measures keep occupants comfort and reduce energy use.
Comparison of single- and two-degree-of-freedom models for passive and active vibration isolation design

The simplest model for vibration isolation design is the single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) mass-spring-damper system. This system has been widely analyzed, however, it has been argued that the SDOF model is not a good design model and a two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) model should be used instead. This paper delves into the limitations of the SDOF model and the advantages of the 2DOF model to design vibration isolation systems. The reduction in system transmissibility by using active damping versus passive damping is also discussed for both models.
Noise and muscle contraction affecting vigilance task performance

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of muscle contraction intensity, neuromuscular fatigue, and noise on vigilance performance. Dependent variables included simple (reaction time and movement time) and complex (video game: Tetris) vigilance tasks (SVT and CVT respectively) and maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) force and activation. Vigilance tasks and MVC were randomly allocated to 5 minute blocks during a pre-test. Following the pre-test, the tests were again randomly allocated within three, 15 minute testing sessions over 65 minutes, while 1) being exposed to high (95 dB (A)) or low (53 dB (A)) levels of noise, and 2) performing muscle contractions at 20% and 5% of MVC, or no contractions. Ninety-five (95) dB (A) noise increased (p 0.01) SVT (reaction time and movement time combined) by 11.2% and decreased (p 0.01) CVT by 20%. Both 20% and 5% MVC impaired SVT and CVT to a similar extent, while no changes were seen with no contractions. Furthermore, neuromuscular fatigue had no apparent effect on vigilance task performance. These findings suggest that the distraction of noise and divided attention between muscle contraction and a vigilance task decreases performance.
Current mode 900 MHz CMOS mixer

This paper presents the design and measurement results of a 1.2 V 900 MHz CMOS mixer. We use current mode multiplication instead of voltage mode multiplication to reduce the operating voltage to 1.2 V. Moreover, the new mixer has a good linearity; the measured input-referred 1-dB compression point and the Third-order Input Intercept Point (IIP3) are 3 dBm and 10 dBm respectively. The new mixer-circuit is specially designed for low voltage communication circuits using RF CMOS. The measured power dissipation of the mixer is 3 mW from a single 1.2 V voltage supply. A test circuit has been fabricated with 0.6 µm CMOS technology. The new multiplier cell occupies an area of 400 µm × 400 µm.
Recovery of 160 GHz optical clock from 160 Gbit/s data stream using modelocked laser diode

A 160 GHz optical clock signal was successfully recovered from a 160 Gbit/s data stream using a modelocked laser diode. The timing jitter of the recovered clock was suppressed to less than 0.2 ps over a wide input wavelength range in the C-band. Furthermore, a wide locking range of over 700 MHz was achieved owing to the integrated chirped distributed Bragg reflector.
Demonstration of optical pulse propagation over 10000 km of fibre using recirculating loop

An optical fibre loop is used to simulate experimentally a transoceanic system employing optical amplifier repeaters. Propagation of a data pattern at 2.5 Gbit/s is demonstrated to 10,000 km. Pulse distortion due to the accumulation of nonlinear (Kerr) and dispersive effects was observed.
The Migration Study of Nanoparticles from Soil to the Leaves of Plants

In this work by the UV-vis and TEM analysis were investigated the transport of nanoparticles (Ag and Au) in soil, their migration from seeds to the roots and from roots to the stem and leaves of pea plants. Nanoparticles depending on the types and sizes may diffuse and distribution in soil. The transport of nanoparticles in soil dependance on the structure and soil thickness. According to the results of experiments were identified that nanoparticles may diffuse into the seeds and changes the imbibition (water uptake). Nanoparticles may pass on from seeds to the roots and localization in the xylem and epidermal cells. By the development of seedling nanoparticles may transport from roots to the stem and from stem to the leaves. Nanoparticles may localization in different cells of plant organs and inside of cell mostly in the mitochondria.
Effect of Initial Axial Strain of Collapsible Tube on Self-Excited Oscillation

In this study, an experiment was performed to investigate the dynamic character. istics of flow in a collapsible tube. The effect of initial axial strain of the tube on selfexcited oscillation was studied by changing the initial stretch of a silicone rubber tube at various values of the Row rate. The frequency of oscillation and the time-dependent pressure and flow rate were measured at the upstream and the downstream location of the tube. The characteristics of the self-excited oscillation were strongly affected by the initial strain in a range of smaller flow rate and smaller initial tube stretch. Three different types of oscillation were observed in the present condition. The type of oscillation changes due to variation of the initial axial strain or the supply now rate.
A de-embedding technique for interconnects

In general, three parameters are needed to model symmetrical adapters, but not enough equations can be found to solve them. The measurement of through adapters gives two conditions only, but neither open nor short adapter gives any useful condition. The results from lines with length L and length 2L can be used to derive the result for through adapters. This paper proposes one approach with a 2-impedance model, which has one shunt impedance and one series impedance. This model can be used with more complicated structures than the single impedance model.
Leading light [portable device display illumination]

The need for a white light emitting diode driver to illuminate the displays and keyboards in portable devices has increased rapidly over the last few years. Demand has been fuelled by the market surge in colour displays, especially the active matrix liquid crystal displays found in handheld devices. Although almost every power management business can offer a white light emitting diode (LED) drive, the design engineer has to make the choice between a driver based on a charge pump or boost converter. While obvious reasons may exist for choosing a boost converter, efficiency being one, making the right decision is far from easy.
Effects of LncRNA SNHG15 on Osteogenic/Adipogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Under Oxidative Stress by TGFβ/Smad Signaling Pathway

Oxidative stress can affect bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). LncRNA SNHG15 involves in a variety of cellular physiological and pathological processes. However, LncRNA SNHG15’s effect on osteogenesis/adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs under oxidative stress remains unclear. BMSCs were divided into normal control group; oxidative stress group; SNHG15 group in which SNHG15 plasmid was transfected under oxidative stress condition followed by analysis of the expression of LncRNA SNHG15, RUNX2 and OPN by real-time quantitative PCR, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, FABP4 and PPARγ2 mRNA expression, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and TGFβ/Smad signaling by Western blot. Under oxidative stress, the expression of SHHG15, RUNX2 and OPN mRNA was significantly decreased, ROS production was increased, SOD activity was reduced, along with increased expression of FABP4 and PPARγ2 protein, decreased ALP activity, as well as reduced expression of TGFβ1, Smad2, and Smad7 compared to control group (P < 0.05). Transfection of LncRNA SNHG15 plasmid significantly up-regulated the expression of SNHG15, RUNX2 and OPN mRNA, decreased ROS production, increased SOD activity, decreased expression of FABP4 and PPARγ2 mRNA, and increased ALP activity as well as increased expression of TGFβ1, Smad2, and Smad7 compared to control group (P < 0.05). The expression of SNHG15 is decreased in BMSCs under oxidative stress. Up-regulation of SNHG15 expression can improve the redox balance through TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway, promote osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs under oxidative stress, and inhibit its differentiation into fat.
Architecture of a Multiple Channel Blood Pressure Signal Transmitting Based on Bluetooth Technology

Recent technological advancements have led to the production of microcontroller with wireless communication functions, which enable the integration of physiological data collection, data processing, and data transmitting. Blood pressure is an important physiological indicator which should be measured continuously in some case. In this article, we bring forward an architecture including pressure measure based on a fiber optic sensor, data transmitting using Bluetooth technology, and data collection using a Bluetooth-Ethernet gateway running protocol process software. Particularly, a control chip CC2540 was used to run the Bluetooth protocol and to make the data transmitting, a module based on W5100 chip was used to realize TCP/IP protocol. The blood pressure data was finally send to a database server through the Ethernet interface, to make further analysis and data mining.
Radial basis function neural networks applied to NASA SSME data

This paper presents a brief report on the application of Radial Basis Function Neural Networks (RBFNN) to the prediction of sensor values for fault detection and diagnosis of the Space Shuttle's Main Engines (SSME). The location of the Radial Basis Function (RBF) node centers was determined with a K-means clustering algorithm. A neighborhood operation about these center points was used to determine the variances of the individual processing notes.
The Flexible Cryoprobe Using Peltier Effect for Heat Transfer Control

This paper describes a flexible cryoprobe utilizing the Peltier effect. The conventional cryoprobes have problems such as low flexibility and difficulty in precise temperature control. In this study, the cryoprobe composed of a flexible tube was developed to treat the inner part of the human body. The thermoelectric elements are attached on the top of the cryoprobe, so the Peltier effect makes it possible to control the heat-transfer of the cooling tip actively and to perform both cooling and heating only by reversing the electric current. The performance of the cryoprobe was evaluated through experiments of agar gel cooling and the temperature distribution was estimated by numerical simulation. In addition, an animal experiment using a guinea pig was conducted for practical application. In the experiment of an agar gel cooling, the agar gel surface was frozen within 10 seconds, which is in good agreement with numerical simulations. Repetition of cooling and heating are also performed experimentally. In the animal experiments, the temperature of the skin surface was monitored and its histological change was examined. Although the continuous cooling for 500 sec after freezing the skin surface could induce only the focal necrosis of the epidermis, the cyclic treatment of cooling and heating induced the necrosis of the whole epidermal layer and a part of eccrine glands. From experimental and numerical results, the cryoprobe could induce the necrosis of the skin.