Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-Leader Comprehensive Learning Particle Swarm Optimization with Adaptive Mutation for Economic Load Dispatch Problems

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is one of the most popular, nature inspired optimization algorithms. The canonical PSO is easy to implement and converges fast, however, it suffers from premature convergence. The comprehensive learning particle swarm optimization (CLPSO) can achieve high exploration while it converges relatively slowly on unimodal problems. To enhance the exploitation of CLPSO without significantly impairing its exploration, a multi-leader (ML) strategy is combined with CLPSO. In ML strategy, a group of top ranked particles act as the leaders to guide the motion of the whole swarm. Each particle is randomly assigned with an individual leader and the leader is refreshed dynamically during the optimization process. To activate the stagnated particles, an adaptive mutation (AM) strategy is introduced. Combining the ML and the AM strategies with CLPSO simultaneously, the resultant algorithm is referred to as multi-leader comprehensive learning particle swarm optimization with adaptive mutation (ML-CLPSO-AM). To evaluate the performance of ML-CLPSO-AM, the CEC2017 test suite was employed. The test results indicate that ML-CLPSO-AM performs better than ten popular PSO variants and six other types of representative evolutionary algorithms and meta-heuristics. To validate the effectiveness of ML-CLPSO-AM in real-life applications, ML-CLPSO-AM was applied to economic load dispatch (ELD) problems.
On some mathematical identities resulting from evaluation of the partition function for an electron moving in a periodic lattice

We consider a simple model of the dynamics of a single electron in a crystal lattice. Although this is a standard problem in condensed matter physics, alternative ways of evaluating a partition function for such a system lead to equalities, that may be interesting from the point of view of mathematical analysis, combinatorics and graph theory. PACS: 71.10. Fd, 02.10. Ox, 05.30. -d. Introduction In this paper we present results which may be interesting from the point of view of pure mathematics, but originate from some properties of mathematical formalism used to describe certain physical systems. Namely, we derive some generalizations of the integral representation of the modified Bessel function I0 (2ξ), 1 2π ∫ π
Evaluation of the Complexity, Controllability and Observability of Heat Exchanger Networks Based on Structural Analysis of Network Representations

The design and retrofit of Heat Exchanger Networks (HENs) can be based on several objectives and optimisation algorithms. As each method results in an individual network topology that has a significant effect on the operability of the system, control-relevant HEN design and analysis are becoming more and more essential tasks. This work proposes a network science-based analysis tool for the qualification of controllability and observability of HENs. With the proposed methodology, the main characteristics of HEN design methods are determined, the effect of structural properties of HENs on their dynamical behaviour revealed, and the potentials of the network-based HEN representations discussed. Our findings are based on the systematic analysis of almost 50 benchmark problems related to 20 different design methodologies.
Open science and codes of conduct on research integrity

The purpose of this article is to examine the conceptual alignment between the ethical principles of research integrity and open science. Research integrity is represented in this study by four general codes of conduct on responsible conduct of research (RCR), three of them international in scope, and one national. A representative list of ethical principles associated with open science is compiled in order to create categories for assessing the content of the codes. According to the analysis, the current understanding of RCR is too focused on traditional publications and the so called FFP definition of research misconduct to fully support open science. The main gaps include recognising citizen science and societal outreach and supporting open collaboration both among the research community and beyond its traditional borders. Updates for both the content of CoCs as well as the processes of creating such guidelines are suggested.
Global Solutions of Shock Reflection by Large-Angle Wedges for Potential Flow

When a plane shock hits a wedge head on, it experiences a reflection-diffraction process and then a self-similar reflected shock moves outward as the original shock moves forward in time. Experimental, computational, and asymptotic analysis has shown that various patterns of shock reflection may occur, including regular and Mach reflection. However, most of the fundamental issues for shock reflection have not been understood, including the global structure, stability, and transition of the different patterns of shock reflection. Therefore, it is essential to establish the global existence and structural stability of solutions of shock reflection in order to understand fully the phenomena of shock reflection. On the other hand, there has been no rigorous mathematical result on the global existence and structural stability of shock reflection, including the case of potential flow which is widely used in aerodynamics. Such problems involve several challenging difficulties in the analysis of nonlinear partial differential equations such as mixed equations of elliptic-hyperbolic type, free boundary problems, and corner singularity where an elliptic degenerate curve meets a free boundary. In this paper we develop a rigorous mathematical approach to overcome these difficulties involved and establish a global theory of existence and stability for shock reflection by large-angle wedges for potential flow. The techniques and ideas developed here will be useful for other nonlinear problems involving similar difficulties.
Fc (cid:2) RI (CD64) resides constitutively in lipid rafts

Cellular membranes contain microdomains known as ‘lipid rafts’ or detergent-insoluble microdomains (DRM), enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids. DRM can play an important role in many cellular processes, including signal transduction, cytoskeletal organization, and pathogen entry. Many receptors like T cell receptors, B cell receptors and IgE receptors have been shown to reside in DRM. The majority of these receptors depend on multivalent ligand interaction to associate with these microdomains. We, here, study association between the high afﬁnity IgG receptor, Fc (cid:2) RI (CD64), and membrane microdomains. Fc (cid:2) RI is a 72kDa type I glycoprotein that can mediate phagocytosis of opsonized pathogens, but can also effectively capture small immune complexes, and facilitates antigen presentation. We found Fc (cid:2) RI to predominantly reside within detergent-insoluble buoyant membranes, together with FcR (cid:2) -chain, but independent of cross-linking ligand. With the use of confocal imaging, Fc (cid:2) RI was found to co-patch with GM1, a microdomain-enriched glycolipid. Depletion of cellular cholesterol, furthermore, modulated Fc (cid:2) RI–ligand interactions. These data indicated Fc (cid:2) RI to reside within lipid rafts without prior triggering of the receptor.
Moser-Trudinger inequality on conformal discs

We show that the Moser-Trudinger inequality holds in a conformal disc if and only if the metric is bounded from above by the Hyperbolic metric. We also find a necessary and sufficient condition for the Moser-Trudinger inequality to hold in an unbounded subset of the two dimensional Euclidean space.
Metrics for sparse graphs

Recently, Bollob\'as, Janson and Riordan introduced a very general family of random graph models, producing inhomogeneous random graphs with $\Theta(n)$ edges. Roughly speaking, there is one model for each {\em kernel}, i.e., each symmetric measurable function from $[0,1]^2$ to the non-negative reals, although the details are much more complicated. A different connection between kernels and random graphs arises in the recent work of Borgs, Chayes, Lov\'asz, S\'os, Szegedy and Vesztergombi. They introduced several natural metrics on dense graphs (graphs with $n$ vertices and $\Theta(n^2)$ edges), showed that these metrics are equivalent, and gave a description of the completion of the space of all graphs with respect to any of these metrics in terms of {\em graphons}, which are essentially bounded kernels. One of the most appealing aspects of this work is the message that sequences of inhomogeneous quasi-random graphs are in a sense completely general: any sequence of dense graphs contains such a subsequence. Our aim here is to briefly survey these results, and then to investigate to what extent they can be generalized to graphs with $o(n^2)$ edges. Although many of the definitions extend in a simple way, the connections between the various metrics, and between the metrics and random graph models, turn out to be much more complicated than in the dense case. We shall prove many partial results, and state even more conjectures and open problems, whose resolution would greatly enhance the currently rather unsatisfactory theory of metrics on sparse graphs. This paper deals mainly with graphs with $o(n^2)$ but $\omega(n)$ edges: a companion paper [arXiv:0812.2656] will discuss the (more problematic still) case of {\em extremely sparse} graphs, with O(n) edges.
Carpooling problem: A new mathematical model, branch-and-bound, and heuristic beam search algorithm

Abstract Carpooling is an environmentally friendly transportation system. It can efficaciously help resolve a variety of societal concerns of the urban areas, ranging from traffic congestion to environmental pollution. In this paper, we propose a new mathematical model to solve the carpooling problem. The model simultaneously minimizes the costs of travel times, the vehicle use, and the vehicle delays. An exact solution method based on Branch-and-Bound (B&B) algorithm is proposed to efficiently obtain the optimal solution of the problem. In order to find the near-optimal solutions for large-scale problems, a heuristic beam search algorithm is introduced, which is based on the partial relaxation of some fathoming criteria applied in our proposed B&B. The computational experiments are conducted, based upon the transportation network of Isfahan city, Iran. The results demonstrate the great capability of the proposed exact solution method in terms of both computational solving time required and the number of the evaluated nodes, in comparison with CPLEX software package. The findings of this research can be applied to solve the carpooling problem compatible to the real-life situations.
On the boundary behaviour of the Hardy spaces of Dirichlet series and a frame bound estimate

Abstract A range of Hardy-like spaces of ordinary Dirichlet series, called the Dirichlet–Hardy spaces ℋp, p ≧ 1, have been the focus of increasing interest among researchers following a paper of Hedenmalm, Lindqvist and Seip [16]. The Dirichlet series in these spaces converge on a certain half-plane, where one may also define the classical Hardy spaces Hp. In this paper, we compare the boundary behaviour of elements in ℋp and Hp. Moreover, Carleson measures for the spaces ℋp are studied. Our main result shows that for certain cases the following statement holds true. Given an interval on the boundary of the half-plane of definition and a function in the classical Hardy space, it is possible to find a function in the corresponding Dirichlet–Hardy space such that their difference has an analytic continuation across this interval.
An Energy-Efficient $Ka$ / $Q$ Dual-Band Power Amplifier MMIC in 0.1- $\mu$ m GaAs Process

An energy-efficient ${Ka}$ / ${Q}$ dual-band power amplifier (PA) is proposed using 0.1- $\mu \text{m}$ GaAs pseudomorphic high-electron mobility transistor process in this letter. The PA consists of two stages, and its high efficiency is enhanced by employing a low-loss dual-band output matching network, and adopting different supply voltages for the driver stage and the output stage. Owing to the proposed matching circuits, the PA achieves a measured small signal gain of 19.3 and 15.5 dB, output power of 22.5 and 22.7 dBm, and peak power-added efficiency of 38% and 40% at 29.5 and 47 GHz, respectively. To our best knowledge, this is the state-of-the-art high efficiency dual-band PA operating at ${Ka}$ -band and ${Q}$ -band.
Title Weak and Strong Convergence Theorems for Semigroups of Not Necessarily Continuous Mappings ( Nonlinear Analysis and Convex Analysis )

In this article, using the concept of strongly asymptotically invariant nets, we first introduce a broad semigroup of not necessarily continuous mappings in a Hilbert space. Furthermore, we consider such a semigroup in a Banach space which contains discrete semigroups generated by generalized nonspreading mappings [22] and semigroups of $\phi-$ -nonexpansive mappings [40]. Then we prove weak convergence theorems of Mann’s type iteration and strong convergence theorems of Halpern’s type iteration for the semigroups of mappings in a Hilbert space. Furthermore, we obtain a weak convergence theorem of Mann’s type iteration in a Banach space. Using these results, we obtain well-known and new theorems which are connected with weak and strong convergence theorems in a Hilbert space and a Banach space.
Development of a Low-Cost Maritime Educational Robotics Platform

The underwater environment is challenging due to the available three-dimensional space and the risk of water damaging electronic and mechanical parts. Using 3D printing technology, a housing as well as the functional parts for an underwater robotics kit can be produced low-priced at home or in schools and other facilities. Other mechanical parts used in the design are standardized and available in common home improvement stores. Conveniently the robot is designed modular, facilitating easy assembly and the possibility to test the functionalities of each module outside the housing. The used Hedgehog robotics controller is focusing on low costs in the hardware, and is extended by high usability in the software for this underwater robotics kit.
Some Probabilistic Results on Width Measures of Graphs

Fixed parameter tractable (FPT) algorithms run in time f(p(x)) poly(|x|), where f is an arbitrary function of some parameter p of the input x and poly is some polynomial function. Treewidth, branchwidth, cliquewidth, NLC-width, rankwidth, and booleanwidth are parameters often used in the design and analysis of such algorithms for problems on graphs. We show asymptotically almost surely (aas), there are Omega(n) lower bounds on the treewidth, branchwidth, cliquewidth, NLC-width, and rankwidth of graphs drawn from a simple random model. This raises important questions about the generality of FPT algorithms using the corresponding decompositions.
Retracted: Robust virtual inertia control to support frequency stability of an islanded microgrid

The following article published in IET Renewable Power Generation , Kerdphol, Thongchart; Rahman, Fathin Saifur; Mitani, Yasunori; Watanabe, Masayuki; Hongesombut, Komsan; 'Robust virtual inertia control to support frequency stability of an islanded microgrid', IET Renewable Power Generation , 2017, DOI: 10.1049/iet-rpg.2017. 0510 on 7 December 2017 has been retracted due to a breach of the IET’s Policy in Relation to Plagiarism, Infringement of Copyright and Infringement of Moral Rights and Submission to Multiple Publications.
Analysis of multi-pulse modulation techniques for visible light communication systems

In this paper, a performance analysis is given for standard OPPM (Overlapping Pulse Position Modulation), W-OPPM (Wrapped OPPM) and Multilevel PPM (MPPM) schemes. The Bit Error Rate (BER) performances of modulation schemes are achieved in terms of transmission distance. From simulation results, it is shown that standard OPPM has better spectral efficiency compared to the MPPM and W-OPPM. Additionally, MPPM, W-OPPM and standard OPPM transmit a packet data during 19.29, 30.85 and 38.41us, respectively if the sample number per slot is taken as equal for modulation techniques. The methods are also designed in Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) complier Quartus to observe modulation and demodulation processes. Especially, it is achieved the practicable demodulator architectures in the paper.
Autism spectrum disorder and lockdown – a parental survey on communication and related aspects Ms

According to the National Institutes of Health, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a range of complex neurodevelopment disorders, characterized by social impairments, communication difficulties, and restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior. Rehabilitation of a child diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder requires the coordinated effort of a Multi Disciplinary team. COVID19, the global pandemic that has caused a lock down which has affected the daily living and halted the provision and access to various Rehabilitation services. This study targets to tap on the communicational difficulty faced by children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and the awareness of tele practice among the parents of children with ASD. The study included 15 parents of children who were diagnosed with ASD and the results revealed that Lock down has hampered the child’s communication and learning. Tele practice could be considered as a good alternative during this pandemic situation to support the child’s communication.
Novel Ca -dependent mechanisms regulate spontaneous release at excitatory synapses onto CA1 pyramidal cells

Babiec WE, O’Dell TJ. Novel Ca -dependent mechanisms regulate spontaneous release at excitatory synapses onto CA1 pyramidal cells. J Neurophysiol 119: 597–607, 2018. First published November 15, 2017; doi:10.1152/jn.00628. 2017. —Although long thought to simply be a source of synaptic noise, spontaneous, action potentialindependent release of neurotransmitter from presynaptic terminals has multiple roles in synaptic function. We explored whether and to what extent the two predominantly proposed mechanisms for explaining spontaneous release, stochastic activation of voltage-gated Ca channels (VGCCs) or activation of Ca -sensing receptors (CaSRs) by extracellular Ca , played a role in the sensitivity of spontaneous release to the level of extracellular Ca concentration at excitatory synapses at CA1 pyramidal cells of the adult male mouse hippocampus. Blocking VGCCs with Cd had no effect on spontaneous release, ruling out stochastic activation of VGCCs. Although divalent cation agonists of CaSRs, Co and Mg , dramatically enhanced miniature excitatory postsynaptic current (mEPSC) frequency, potent positive and negative allosteric modulators of CaSRs had no effect. Moreover, immunoblot analysis of hippocampal lysates failed to detect CaSR expression, ruling out the CaSR. Instead, the increase in mEPSC frequency induced by Co and Mg was mimicked by lowering postsynaptic Ca levels with BAPTA. Together, our results suggest that a reduction in intracellular Ca may trigger a homeostatic-like compensatory response that upregulates spontaneous transmission at excitatory synapses onto CA1 pyramidal cells in the adult hippocampus.
Expanding the functionality of automated monitoring systems for traction substations

The paper deals with the problem of automated monitoring system improvement. The goal of the study is to create a controlling module of automated monitoring system for automation of calculations and assessment process of traction transformer's remaining life analysis. To achieve the goal, the modern power transformer’s diagnostic systems and methods of scientific analysis are considered, full-scaled experimental study are used. To adjust the timing of the current and major repairs, it is proposed to improve this monitoring system by creating an additional module to determine the traction transformer’s remaining life throughout its life cycle in real time and the formation of a warning system. Requirements to transformer’s remaining life assess module are formulated . Calculation algorithm and program module for identifying the transformer’s remaining life parameters are described. Benefits of introduction into the existing AMS a ne w additional module for calculating the transformer’s remaining life are shown.
Orthogonal involution on algebras of degree 16 and the Killing form of E8

We exploit various inclusions of algebraic groups to give a new construction of groups of type E8, determine the Killing forms of the resulting E8's, and define an invariant of central simple algebras of degree 16 with orthogonal involution "in I^3", equivalently, groups of type D8 with a half-spin representation defined over the base field. The determination of the Killing form is done by restricting the adjoint representation to various twisted forms of PGL2 and requires very little computation. An appendix by Kirill Zainoulline contains a type of "index reduction" result for groups of type D.
Interaction between the thermohaline circulation and sea ice in Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles

During the last glacial period large fluctuations on a millennial timescale are observed in the Northern Hemisphere. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain these DansgaardOeschger (DO) cycles. The most commonly accepted mechanism is related to oscillations in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), brought about by periodic changes in the freshwater flux into the North Atlantic. In a more recent theory it is proposed that the dominant process is subsurface warming in the Nordic Seas induced by increasing sea ice cover, which eventually leads to instability of the water column. Both of these theories correspond well to part of the observations, but neither are unable to explain the full range of observational data. Here we combine both mechanisms in a conceptual model study. In addition we include a land ice component to capture the effect of Heinrich events. It is shown that the model results correspond well to observational data and that the combination of these mechanisms is able to explain more of the features of the DO-cycle than each of the individual mechanisms. The full conceptual model provides an explanation for the structure of the events and accounts for the duration of stadials and interstadials and the variability therein. It shows why Heinrich events are triggered during stadials and how they can delay the occurrence of a subsequent DO-event. As a consequence it also explains one of the most striking features of the DO-cycle; the double peak in the probability distribution of the waiting time between consecutive events.
Group analysis of three dimensional Euler equations of gas dynamics

In this paper, the equations governing the unsteady flow of a perfect polytropic gas in three space dimensions are considered. The basic similarity reductions for this system are performed. Reduced equations and exact solutions associated with the symmetries are obtained. This results is used to give the invariance of system up to Galilean motions of space-times $\RR^4$. Then, an optimal system of one-dimensional sub-algebras for symmetry algebra of this system is given.