Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Paving a Way towards Food Democratisation: Mechanisms in Contentious Niche Development

Transition scholars have argued that the analysis of the agency of local civil society actors in their political struggle to transform the food system is necessary. In response, we complement the multi-level perspective on socio-technical transitions with the mechanism-process approach of contentious politics. This framework guides our qualitative analysis of a local movement called “The Way of Mals” in South Tyrol, Italy. This movement aimed to ban pesticides by developing a niche of food democratisation. We investigate how the local movement strategically mobilised citizens to get actively engaged in the local governance of food. We argue that the creation of political opportunities by the movement was crucial for their claim making. Amongst others, they introduced a legally binding local referendum on the ban on chemical–synthetic pesticides. We call this mechanism “paving”. In combination with meaning-making and networking, paving has led to the democratisation of local food governance. We conclude that the agency of local movements is especially reflected in their capacity to readjust in response to suppression efforts of their opponents in the well-established conventional regime. We suggest comparisons with similar cases for future research.
An Exploratory Study of Recurrent Neural Networks for Cybersecurity

The consistent increase in the rate of cyber threats, cyber-attacks and malwares in recent times obviously demonstrates that current countermeasures don’t seem to be enough to defend against it, as attackers are becoming sophisticated in their approach by cunningly developing systems that automatically rewrite and reorder their malware to avoid detection. And typical machine learning approaches, which learn a classifier based on a handcrafted feature vector are not sufficiently robust to such reordering. Hence, the need for an efficient automated cyber security solutions that leverage deep neural networks. This paper presents a study of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) potency for combating cyber threats, cyber-attacks and new variants of malware. The experiment conducted shows that RNN with Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) performed very well more than the classical machine learning algorithms (SVM and Random Forest) at 99.70%, 98.55%, and 99.42% accuracy, respectively. This is possible because RNNs have in-built memory capability that can remember several prior states, and implicitly extract the salient features, hidden complex structure and complex sequential relationship in data which help in achieving better accuracy. Keywords: Cybersecurity, Deep Learning, Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), LSTM, Machine Learning, Malware Detection, SVM, Random Forest.
Primary Mode of Action of the Novel Sulfonamide Fungicide against Botrytis cinerea and Field Control Effect on Tomato Gray Mold

Botrytis cinerea is considered an important plant pathogen and is responsible for significant crop yield losses. With the frequent application of commercial fungicides, B. cinerea has developed resistance to many frequently used fungicides. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new kinds of fungicides with high activity and new modes of action to solve the increasingly serious problem of resistance. During our screening of fungicide candidates, one novel sulfonamide compound, N-(2-trifluoromethyl-4-chlorphenyl)-2-oxocyclohexyl sulfonamide (L13), has been found to exhibit good fungicidal activity against B. cinerea. In this work, the mode of action of L13 against B. cinerea and the field control effect on tomato gray mold was studied. L13 had good control against B. cinerea resistant to carbendazim, diethofencarb, and iprodione commercial fungicides in the pot culture experiments. SEM and TEM observations revealed that L13 could cause obvious morphological and cytological changes to B. cinerea, including excessive branching, irregular ramification or abnormal configuration, and the decomposition of cell wall and vacuole. L13 induced more significant electrolyte leakage from hyphae than procymidone as a positive control. L13 had only a minor effect on the oxygen consumption of intact mycelia, with 2.15% inhibition at 50 μg/mL. In two locations over 2 years, the field control effect of L13 against tomato gray mold reached 83% at a rate of 450 g ai ha−1, better than the commercial fungicide of iprodione. Moreover, toxicological tests demonstrated the low toxicological effect of L13. This research seeks to provide technical support and theoretical guidance for L13 to become a real commercial fungicide.
Demands and resources of workers in the Australian construction industry: Identification and exploration using Q methodology

Workers of the Australian construction industry experience demands, such as long working hours, irregular work schedules and geographically isolated work locations. Research has indicated a clear relationship between excessive work demands and work-life conflict, which has negative impacts for workers’ health and wellbeing. Coupled with work demands, workers also experience demands originating from their family and community domains, which are often driven by life stage and individual preferences of workers. In order to fulfil work, family and community demands, workers often call on resources such as supervisor support, flexibility of work schedule, and childcare. However, it is not clear how workers experience demands and resources, and what configuration is required so that workers can function effectively in multiple roles. Research is underway to: (i) identify the demands and resources relevant to workers of the Australian construction industry; and (ii) identify the demand-resource profiles of different worker groups within a diverse construction workforce. An innovative Q-sort method will be used to explore workers’ experience of demands and resources, and profiles of different worker groups will be identified. The innovative q-sort methodology using demands and resources unique to an Australian construction workforce is discussed.
Numerical Modeling of the Effect of Cutting-Edge Radius on Cutting Force and Stress Concentration during Machining

Cutting is the primary method of material removal, and the quality of machined parts depends on the geometry of cutting tools. In this paper, a new cutting force coefficient model is established, revealing the influence of cutting-edge radius on the cutting process. The effects of cutting-edge radius on the shear angle and cutting force components are analyzed by finite element simulations. A series of simulations is conducted, and the results show that with increased cutting-edge radius, the shear angle decreases nonlinearly, and the cutting force increases gradually. Additionally, the growth rate of the feed force caused by increasing the cutting-edge radius is higher than that of the tangential force. Furthermore, the stress concentration area of the machined surface extends from the surface to the subsurface as the cutting-edge radius increases. The results of this research show that changing the cutting edge affects the cutting force component, shear angle, and stress concentration range during the cutting process. These results provide a theoretical reference for predicting the residual stress in parts.
Anticipating and hardening the Web against socio-technical security attacks

The Internet, and the World Wide Web in particular, is becoming an increasingly important resource to people in modern society. Mostly, people are browsing the web for news, shopping, blogging, researching, or simply surfing; the vast majority of Internet use is browsing theWeb with one of many browsers. To appease users’ demand for robust and novel web applications, programmers are discovering new tricks to add unique or novel behavior to their web sites (through asynchronous data fetching, or animations). Though these features are based on mature languages and standards, new security problems are often uncovered with each new trick. Many of these are socio-technical problems: the result of technological nuances in the use of scripting or other web technologies coupled with the way people interact with the web sites. This sociological spin on technical security problems, introducing an element of deception, makes the security of the web more complex and not easily patched with simple software fixes. The webwas not designedwith security in mind, only utility. In its evolution from simple html, it has inflated to have a colossal number of technologies and features supported by browsers that have increased the web’s potential for misuse. It is time to re-consider fundamental control of web content, and this dissertation shows how to begin. Most security problems with web applications stem from loose control of data; there are no strictly enforced policies that dictate how information can flow between technologies in the web browser or out from a web application’s domain. This dissertation investigates the underlying problems in the way data is transfered in and out of browsers and their components by analyzing a variety of security problems and their corresponding solutions. Through presentation and analysis of some cases, underlying themes are exposed that can eventually be used to address web security on a more fundamental level.
Safety and effectiveness of tranexamic acid in reduction of post-partum hemorrhage in patients undergoing caesarean section in tertiary care hospital of Southern India

Background: Obstetric haemorrhage is a leading cause of premature maternal mortality, accounting for at least 100,000 deaths each year worldwide. Tranexamic acid has been shown to reduce uterine blood loss in non-surgical aspect. The aim of the study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of TXA in prevention of post-partum hemorrhage in patients undergoing caesarean delivery and to compare the secondary clinical outcomes.Methods: In this prospective observational cross-sectional study, 50 pregnant women undergoing CD were selected in random pattern and divided into control and study group of 25 patients each, in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology in Sri. Siddhartha medical college, Tumakuru from November 2019 to October 2021. The study group were given 1 g of TXA intravenously and the control group did not receive TXA. All the pregnant women received 20 units of oxytocin following delivery.Results: Mean of the total blood loss in the study group was 67 % less than the control group. Secondary clinical outcomes such as need for blood transfusion, other surgical measures to stop bleeding were comparatively less in study group compared to control groups. To note, no significant difference in duration of hospital stay was found between two groups.Conclusions: Our study suggests that, a safe dose of 1g IV tranexamic acid prior to caesarean section has an effective role in reducing blood loss and significantly improved blood loss–related secondary clinical outcomes with fewer side effects.
Antiplatelet Use in Ischemic Stroke

Objective: A literature review of antiplatelet agents for primary and secondary stroke prevention, including mechanism of action, cost, and reasons for lack of benefit. Data sources: Articles were gathered from MEDLINE, Cochrane Reviews, and PubMed databases (1980-2021). Abstracts from scientific meetings were considered. Search terms included ischemic stroke, aspirin, clopidogrel, dipyridamole, ticagrelor, cilostazol, prasugrel, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors. Study selection and data extraction: English-language original and review articles were evaluated. Guidelines from multiple countries were reviewed. Articles were evaluated independently by 2 authors. Data synthesis: An abundance of evidence supports aspirin and clopidogrel use for secondary stroke prevention. In the acute phase (first 21 days postinitial stroke), these medications have higher efficacy for preventing further stroke when combined, but long-term combination therapy is associated with higher hemorrhage rates. Antiplatelet treatment failure is influenced by poor adherence and genetic polymorphisms. Antiplatelet agents such as cilostazol may provide extra benefit over clopidogrel and aspirin, in certain racial groups, but further research in more diverse ethnic populations is needed. Relevance to patient care and clinical practice: This review presents the data available on the use of different antiplatelet agents poststroke. Dual therapy, recurrence after initiation of secondary preventative therapy, and areas for future research are discussed. Conclusions: Although good evidence exists for the use of certain antiplatelet agents postischemic stroke, there are considerable opportunities for future research to investigate personalized therapies. These include screening patients for platelet polymorphisms that confer antiplatelet resistance and for randomized trials including more racially diverse populations.
The Use of Information and Communication Technologies in Family Support across Europe: A Narrative Review

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the use of information and communication technology (ICT) to deliver parenting and mental health support services to families. This narrative review illustrates the diverse ways in which ICT is being used across Europe to provide family support to different populations. We distinguish between the use of ICT in professional-led and peer-led support and provide implementation examples from across Europe. We discuss the potential advantages and disadvantages of different ways of using ICT in family support and the main developments and challenges for the field more generally, guiding decision-making as to how to use ICT in family support, as well as critical reflections and future research on its merit.
Digital Marketing Trend Dalam Mengoptimalkan Media Pemasaran Lebih Efektif Untuk Peningkatan Pendapatan Perusahaan

Untuk meningkatkan pendapatan perusahaan, divisi pemasaran harus mampu untuk menentukan media pemasaran / channel yang paling efektif sebagai brand awareness produk tertentu. Semakin berkembangnya jaman, tren media pemasaran secara offline pun berubah menjadi digital marketing.Perkembangan digital ini tidak hanya dialami oleh Indonesia, seperti fenomena yang terjadi di China, dimana pengguna internet China menduduki peringkat pertama dunia yaitu mencapai 538 juta orang. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan mengambil data sekunder sebagai data pengolahan penelitian.Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan purposive sampling.Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkapkan peran digital marketing dalam mengoptimalisaikan peningkatan pendapatan perusahaan. Penelitian ini dimulai dengan menjelaskan fenomena digital marketing di Indonesia, sehingga didapatkan kunci keberhasilan sebuah program digital marketing serta menggambarkan beberapa ukuran penncapaian keberhasilan sebuah digital marketing.
Simple and Robust Detection of CYP2D6 Gene Deletions and Duplications Using CYP2D8P as Reference

Genotyping of the CYP2D6 gene is the most commonly applied pharmacogenetic test globally. Significant economic interests have led to the development of a plurality of assays, available for almost any genotyping platform or DNA detection chemistry. Of all the genetic variants, copy number variations are particular difficult to detect by polymerase chain reaction. Here, we present two simple novel approaches for the identification of samples carrying either deletions or duplications of the CYP2D6 gene; by relative quantification using a singleplex 5′nuclease real-time PCR assay, and by high-resolution melting of PCR products. These methods make use of universal primers, targeting both the CYP2D6 and the reference gene CYP2D8P, which is necessary for the analysis. The assays were validated against a reference method using a large set of samples. The singleplex nature of the 5′nuclease real-time PCR ensures that the primers anneal with equal affinity to both the sequence of the CYP2D6 and the reference gene. This facilitates robust identification of gene deletions and duplications based on the cycle threshold value. In contrast, the high-resolution melting assay is an end-point PCR, where the identification relies on variations between the amount of product generated from each of the two genes.
Optimal selection and sizing of heat exchangers for organic rankine cycles (ORC) based on thermo-economics

Organic Rankine cycles (ORCs) are recognized as a viable technology to convert waste heat to electricity. While several implementations already exist, there is an extensive potential for thermo-economic optimization. Because heat exchangers take a large portion of the investment cost of an ORC installation, it is advisable to optimize these first. In this view, the heat exchangers are optimized as part of a system. Several design issues need to be taken into account. Firstly, pressure drops in the heat exchanger will decrement the power output of the system. Secondly, the heat transfer rate of the evaporator is crucial. A too small evaporator will not result in fully evaporated refrigerant at the evaporator outlet, which might cause turbine damage. In contrast, a too large evaporator results in a marginal performance improvement in relation to the added cost. Similar issues arise at the condenser side. An appropriate heat exchanger selection and sizing is thus beneficial for both the investment and operational cost. In this work, a thermodynamic model of the ORC is coupled to a thermo-hydraulic design methodology for the heat exchangers (plate heat exchanger). With this model a thermo-economic optimization is performed and the Pareto fronts of net power output versus investment cost and net power output versus heat exchange area are determined. A case is specified where waste heat is available from water of 100 °C. The results are valuable as a guideline for new ORC installations.
PyLithics: A Python package for stone tool analysis

Archaeologists have long used stone tools (lithics) to reconstruct the behaviour of prehistoric hominins. While techniques have become more quantitative, there still remain barriers to optimizing data retrieval (Andrefsky,William, 2012). Machine learning and computer vision approaches can be developed to extract quantitative and trait data from lithics, photographs and drawings. PyLithics has been developed to capture data from 2D line drawings, focusing on the size, shape and technological attributes of flakes. The problems addressed in the software are: one, capturing data in a form that can be quantified, and information maximized; two, solving the challenges of data that is not a simple linear sequence of bases but complex 3D objects or 2D image representations; and three, transforming and exporting these into systematic data for analysis. The goal is to enhance the size and quality of lithic databases for analysing ancient technology and human behaviour.
Feed Supplementation with the GHRP-6 Peptide, a Ghrelin Analog, Improves Feed Intake, Growth Performance and Aerobic Metabolism in the Gilthead Sea Bream Sparus aurata

The aquaculture sector has experienced rapid and important growth with the subsequent increase of feeding and nutritional issues for sustaining this activity, mainly related to the use of high quality, safe and environmentally friendly feed ingredients. The use of additives in aquafeeds has proven to be a suitable option to improve different productive indicators in farmed fish. In the present study, the effect of adding the GHRP-6 peptide, a ghrelin analog, to a commercial diet of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) was studied at two proportions (100 or 500 μg/kg of feed). Both experimental diets show an increase in growth performance, as well as in feed efficiency after 97 days of experiment. The lower inclusion of GHRP-6 (100 μg/kg) results in a better aerobic metabolism, while the higher inclusion significantly increased plasma GH levels in agreement with the GH secretagogue effects of ghrelin. Similar growth outcome and differences between GHRP-6 levels in aerobic metabolism and GH stimulation suggest that improvements in culture performance by this peptide may occur through different mechanisms. Taken together, this compound can be considered as a viable dietary supplement for increasing production efficiency of sea bream aquaculture, although a better understanding of its dose-specific effects is still required.
Understanding Interaction Patterns within Deep-Sea Microbial Communities and Their Potential Applications

Environmental microbes living in communities engage in complex interspecies interactions that are challenging to decipher. Nevertheless, the interactions provide the basis for shaping community structure and functioning, which is crucial for ecosystem service. In addition, microbial interactions facilitate specific adaptation and ecological evolution processes particularly essential for microbial communities dwelling in resource-limiting habitats, such as the deep oceans. Recent technological and knowledge advancements provide an opportunity for the study of interactions within complex microbial communities, such as those inhabiting deep-sea waters and sediments. The microbial interaction studies provide insights into developing new strategies for biotechnical applications. For example, cooperative microbial interactions drive the degradation of complex organic matter such as chitins and celluloses. Such microbiologically-driven biogeochemical processes stimulate creative designs in many applied sciences. Understanding the interaction processes and mechanisms provides the basis for the development of synthetic communities and consequently the achievement of specific community functions. Microbial community engineering has many application potentials, including the production of novel antibiotics, biofuels, and other valuable chemicals and biomaterials. It can also be developed into biotechniques for waste processing and environmental contaminant bioremediation. This review summarizes our current understanding of the microbial interaction mechanisms and emerging techniques for inferring interactions in deep-sea microbial communities, aiding in future biotechnological and therapeutic applications.
Exploring Evidence Based Practice Methods for Trafficking Survivors

Human trafficking is a major crime with millions of victims globally. The issue has come to increased attention in the past twenty-five years, and much progress has been made in rescue efforts by law enforcement agencies. Unfortunately, the same pace has not been seen in understanding the public health crisis associated with this, nor has much attention been paid to the psychological consequences and treatment. Although a number of risk and protective factors for the health consequences of human trafficking victims have been identified, there is still a dearth of information in the area of intervention and treatment. In reviewing current literature, we could not find articles comparing the different components of prevailing trauma treatment strategies, and the potential usefulness of these strategies in the treatment of human trafficking victims. To this end, we surveyed mental health professionals from Florida about their experience in working with this population and treatment strategies they have found effective in working with this population. Based on prevailing research, we also tried to understand the usefulness of current treatment strategies and methods used with this population. Based on the results of our study, we conclude that mental health providers who work with human trafficking victims should become aware of treatment efficacy. Further research on the effectiveness of treatment strategies used with victims/survivors of human trafficking is needed to validate our recommendations.