Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of pathological-related and diagnostic potential circular RNAs in Stanford type A aortic dissection

Introduction Stanford type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is one of the lethal macrovascular diseases caused by the invasion of blood into the media layer of ascending aortic wall. Inflammation, smooth muscle dysfunction, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation were regarded as the major pathology in affected tissue. However, the expression pattern and its regulation especially through circular RNAs (circRNAs) as an overall characteristic of TAAD molecular pathology remain unclear. Methods We employed CIRCexplorer2 to identify circRNAs based on the RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data of human ascending aortic tissues to systematically assess the role of circRNA in the massive alterations of gene expression in TAAD aortas. The key circRNAs were determined by LASSO model and functionally annotated by competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) network and co-analysis with mRNA profile. The expression level and diagnostic capability of the 4 key circRNAs in peripheral serum were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results The 4 key circRNAs, namely circPTGR1 (chr9:114341075-114348445[−]), circNOX4 (chr11:89069012-89106660[−]), circAMN1 (chr12:31854796-31862359[−]) and circUSP3 (chr15:63845913-63855207[+]), demonstrated a high power to discriminate between TAAD and control tissues, suggesting that these molecules stand for a major difference between the tissues at gene regulation level. Functionally, the ceRNA network of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA predicted by the online databases, combining gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and cell component prediction, revealed that the identified circRNAs covered all the aspects of primary TAAD pathology, centralized with increasing inflammatory factors and cells, and ECM destruction and loss of vascular inherent cells along with the circRNAs. Importantly, we validated the high concentration and diagnostic capability of the 4 key circRNAs in the peripheral serum in TAAD patients. Discussion This study reinforces the vital status of circRNAs in TAAD and the possibility of serving as promising diagnostic biomarkers.
Uterine activity modifies the response of the fetal autonomic nervous system at preterm active labor

Background The autonomic nervous system of preterm fetuses has a different level of maturity than term fetuses. Thus, their autonomic response to transient hypoxemia caused by uterine contractions in labor may differ. This study aims to compare the behavior of the fetal autonomic response to uterine contractions between preterm and term active labor using a novel time-frequency analysis of fetal heart rate variability (FHRV). Methods We performed a case-control study using fetal R-R and uterine activity time series obtained by abdominal electrical recordings from 18 women in active preterm labor (32−36 weeks of gestation) and 19 in active term labor (39−40 weeks of gestation). We analyzed 20 minutes of the fetal R-R time series by applying a Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) to obtain frequency (HF, 0.2−1 Hz; LF, 0.05−0.2 Hz) and time-frequency (Flux0, Flux90, and Flux45) domain features. Time domain FHRV features (SDNN, RMSSD, meanNN) were also calculated. In addition, ultra-short FHRV analysis was performed by segmenting the fetal R-R time series according to episodes of the uterine contraction and quiescent periods. Results No significant differences between preterm and term labor were found for FHRV features when calculated over 20 minutes. However, we found significant differences when segmenting between uterine contraction and quiescent periods. In the preterm group, the LF, Flux0, and Flux45 were higher during the average contraction episode compared with the average quiescent period (p<0.01), while in term fetuses, vagally mediated FHRV features (HF and RMSSD) were higher during the average contraction episode (p<0.05). The meanNN was lower during the strongest contraction in preterm fetuses compared to their consecutive quiescent period (p=0.008). Conclusion The average autonomic response to contractions in preterm fetuses shows sympathetic predominance, while term fetuses respond through parasympathetic activity. Comparison between groups during the strongest contraction showed a diminished fetal autonomic response in the preterm group. Thus, separating contraction and quiescent periods during labor allows for identifying differences in the autonomic nervous system cardiac regulation between preterm and term fetuses.
Characterization of NbSi films for TES bolometers

Future space experiments will require large arrays of sensitive detectors in the submillimeter and millimeter range. Superconducting transition-edge sensors (TESs) are currently under heavy development to be used as ultra sensitive bolometers. In addition to good performance, the choice of material depends on long term stability (both physical and chemical) along with a good reproducibility and uniformity in fabrication. For this purpose we are investigating the properties of co-evaporated NbSi thin films. NbSi is a well-known alloy for use in resistive thermometers. We present a full low temperature characterization of superconductive NbSi films. In order to tune the critical temperature of the NbSi thermometers down to the desired range, we have to adjust the concentration of niobium in the NbSi alloy. Tests are made using 4He-cooled cryostats, 300mK 3He mini-fridges, Resistance Bridges and commercial SQUID. Measured parameters are the critical temperature, the sharpness of the transition. Noise measurements are on-going.
Linguistic distances between native languages and Chinese influence acquisition of Chinese character, vocabulary, and grammar

How linguistic distance affects second language acquisition is a major concern in cross-language transfer research. However, no study has explored how systematic differences between Chinese and learners’ native language (L1) influences Chinese character, vocabulary, and grammar acquisition, or how these influences change as Chinese proficiency improves. To address this, we employed the World Atlas of Language Structures (WALS) index method to multidimensionally quantify the linguistic distance between Chinese and L1, and examined the effect of systematic linguistic distance on acquisition of Chinese character (Quasi-Experiment 1), vocabulary (Quasi-Experiment 2), and grammatical knowledge (Quasi-Experiment 3) in Chinese as a second language (CSL) learners with elementary, intermediate, and advanced Chinese proficiency levels. We examined a random sample of 58,240 CSL learners’ test scores from 24 different L1 backgrounds, and analyzed 2,250 CSL learners’ Chinese character, vocabulary, and grammar scores in each of the three quasi-experiments. We found that closer linguistic distance facilitated more favorable Chinese character and vocabulary acquisition at elementary, intermediate, and advanced Chinese proficiency levels, and that the influence of linguistic distance on CSL learners’ vocabulary acquisition tended to decrease as Chinese proficiency increased. Finally, linguistic difference did not significantly affect CSL learners’ grammar acquisition at elementary proficiency, but as Chinese proficiency improved, an L1 interference effect occurred among CSL learners with a short linguistic distance from Chinese, which hindered grammar acquisition. These results suggest that linguistic distance has differential proficiency-dependent effects on Chinese character, vocabulary, and grammar acquisition.
Extensive diet-induced atherosclerosis in scavenger receptor class B type 1-deficient mice is associated with substantial leukocytosis and elevated vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression in coronary artery endothelium

High levels of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and low levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Mice that lack genes involved in the clearance of LDL from the bloodstream, such as the LDL receptor and apolipoprotein E, are widely used models of experimental atherosclerosis. Conversely, mice that lack the HDL receptor, scavenger receptor class B type I, and therefore have disrupted HDL functionality, also develop diet-inducible atherosclerosis but are a seldom-used disease model. In this study, we compared atherosclerosis and associated phenotypes in scavenger receptor class B type I knockout mice with those of wild type, LDL receptor knockout, and apolipoprotein E knockout mice after 20 weeks of being fed an atherogenic diet containing sodium cholate. We found that while scavenger receptor class B type I knockout mice had substantially lower plasma cholesterol than LDL receptor and apolipoprotein E knockout mice, they developed atherosclerotic plaques with similar sizes and compositions in their aortic sinuses, and more extensive atherosclerosis in their descending aortas and coronary arteries. This was associated with elevated tumor necrosis factor alpha levels in scavenger receptor class B type I knockout mice compared to wild type and LDL receptor knockout mice, and lymphocytosis, monocytosis, and elevated vascular cell adhesion molecule expression in coronary artery endothelial cells compared to the other mice examined. We conclude that extensive atherosclerosis in arteries that are not generally susceptible to atherosclerosis in scavenger receptor class B type I knockout mice is driven by factors in addition to hypercholesterolemia, including inflammation, dysregulation of the immune system and increased sensitivity of endothelial cells in arteries that are normally resistant to atherosclerosis. Scavenger receptor class B type I knockout mice fed a cholate containing atherogenic diet may prove to be a useful model to study mechanisms of atherosclerosis and evaluate treatments that rely on intact LDL clearance pathways.
Comprehensive analysis of the effect of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis on the diagnostic efficacy of preoperative ultrasonography on cervical lymph node lesions in papillary thyroid cancer

Purpose Hashimoto’s thyroiditis often leads to reactive hyperplasia of the central compartment lymph nodes in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients. However, the effect and clinical significance of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) on ultrasonography evaluation for cervical lymph node (LN) lesions remain unknown. This study aims to investigate the effect of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis on the diagnostic efficacy of preoperative ultrasonography on cervical lymph node lesions in PTC patients. Patients and methods This study consecutively enrolled 1,874 PTC patients who underwent total thyroidectomy and radical cervical lymph node dissection between January 2010 and December 2021. Eligible patients were categorized as with HT and without HT. The diagnostic performance of preoperative ultrasonography for cervical LN lesions (including central LNs and lateral LNs) was evaluated between PTC patients with HT and those without HT, respectively. Results Among the 1,874 PTC patients, 790 (42.1%) had central cN+ and 1,610 (85.9%) had lateral cN+. Compared with PTC patients without HT, the preoperative US for central LNs displays a higher false-positive rate (27.9% vs. 12.2%, p <0.001) and a lower specificity (72.1% vs. 87.8%, p < 0.001) in PTC patients with HT. Moreover, in PTC patients with HT, the ratio of the absence of fatty hilum in central LNs without metastasis was higher than in PTC patients without HT (13.02% vs. 7.46%, p = 0.013). However, no such differences were observed in lateral LNs. Conclusion HT will interfere with the preoperative US evaluation for central LNs and increase the incidence of the absence of fatty hilum in central benign LNs. When PTC patients have concomitant HT, clinicians should thoroughly evaluate the central LNs, thereby decreasing the incidence of misdiagnosis and unnecessary surgery.
How healthcare industry in Arabs can use data science for sustainable healthcare practices

To date, the healthcare business hasn't fully understood the prospective bene? ts to be acquired from big data analytics. Although the continuously growing body of academic investigation on large data analytics is mainly technology-oriented, a clear understanding of the strategic implications of big data is urgently needed. To handle the absence, this particular analysis examines the historical development, architectural style, and portion functionalities of big data analytics. From content evaluation of twenty six BDA implementation instances in healthcare, we could determine five big data analytics capabilities: analytical capability for patterns of attention, unstructured details, analytical capability, choice support capability, predictive capability, then traceability. We additionally mapped the benefits driven by big data analytics in terminology of info technology infrastructure, organizational, operational, strategic and managerial locations. Additionally, we recommend five approaches for healthcare organizations contemplating adopting big data analytics solutions. Our findings will help healthcare organizations understand the big data analytics capabilities and potential benefits and support them in drafting more effective data-driven analytics strategies.
Modified Newtonian Dynamics with Inverse Dissipation Potential as an Alternative to Dark Matter and Dark Energy

This paper introduces the inverse dissipation potential into the Newtonian Dynamic equation and studies the motion equations of the objects in the isolated gravitational system. It is found that at large scales it can derive the dynamical equation of cosmic expansion similar to the ΛCDM model and yield the flat rotation curves for spiral galaxy. Different from the usual dark matter models, the derived flat rotation curves are the result of time accumulation rather than the direct action of mechanics. And the Tully-Fisher relationship is also discussed, it is found that the basic constant a 0 in the MOND model and the form of the function μ have a clear corresponding physical significance in the model of this paper.
Interaction Challenges for N-Of-One Experiments based on Mobile Sensing Data

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Simplified model for the dynamics of a helical flagellum

Several bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, are self-propelled using their flagella in a very particular way. We analyze the mechanics of this phenomenon, taking into account the geometry of these propellers. The dependence of the speed of the bacterium on the configuration of the flagellum is found in a simple way. By using similar artifices, we also describe the mechanics of the opposite effect, that is, the rotation acquired by a helix when it is towed through a fluid in the axial direction at low Reynolds number.
New techniques for nonlinear system analysis and identification from random data

Direct and reverse MI/SO (multiple‐input/single‐output) techniques are new frequency‐domain techniques that provide accurate practical methods to analyze and identify the dynamic properties of nonlinear systems. The Dirac MI/SO technique is applicable to nonlinear systems with specified parallel linear and nonlinear transformations. The reverse MI/SO technique is applicable to nonlinear systems that can be reasonably modeled by nonlinear integrodifferential equations of motion. Nonlinear systems are included where the coefficients can be constants or frequency dependent. Simulated or measured data can have arbitrary probability and spectral features. Each of the identified nonlinear components can be evaluated at any desired frequency with separate coherence functions. Thus these techniques represent a significant advance in using real‐world data to help improve the design and understanding of nonlinear systems. This presentation will review the analytical basis of these new techniques and illustrate thei.
Kinematics of Turbulence Convected by a Random Wave Field

Abstract Turbulent velocity spectra measured beneath wind waves show a large enhancement about the central wave frequency. A “5/3" frequency dependence can be seen both above and below the central peak, but with an apparent increase in spectral density at high Frequencies. We show that these features can be understood via a generation of Taylor's hypothesis to the case in which frozen, isotropic, homogeneous turbulence is bodily convected past a fixed probe by a combination of drift and wave orbital motions. In a monochromatic wave field turbulent energy is aliased into harmonics of the wave frequency fp. We show qualitatively how drift currents or a random wave field broaden these lines into a continuous spectrum, and present the results of direct calculations which demonstrate clearly the transition from “line-like” to a smooth “5/3" spectrum. We calculate the leading asymptotic behavior in the limit of large and small frequencies for an arbitrary wave-height spectrum. For wave orbital velocities larger.
A comparison of algorithms to compute the positive matrix factorization and their application to unsupervised unmixing

This paper presents a comparison of different algorithms to compute the constrained positive matrix factorization and their application to the unsupervised unmixing problem. We study numerical methods based on the Gauss-Newton algorithm, the Seung-Lee approach, the Gauss-Seidel algorithm, and penalty methods. Preliminary results using a Hyperion image from southwestern Puerto Rico presented. Algorithms will be compared in terms of their convergence performance, and quality of the results.
Nondestructive diagnostic method using ac surface photovoltage for detecting metallic contaminants in silicon wafers

Effects of residual metal impurities after RCA (Radio Corporation of America) standard cleaning (alkaline and acid rinses) on the generation of ac surface photovoltages (SPVs) are investigated using n‐type silicon wafers. Aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) in the native oxide induce a negative charge, causing high ac SPVs in n‐type wafers. The ac SPV dependency on the concentration of Al and Fe is determined. Nickel and zinc, however, have little effect on the generation of ac SPVs. In commonly employed cleaning processes, Al is the major impurity in the native oxide, and thus the ac SPV technique is applicable to nondestructive diagnostics for quality control in cleaning processes.
Stability of the Primakoff-Sedov blast wave and its generalizations

The linear stability of those Sedov blast wave similarity solutions for which the flow is homologous behind the shock, of which the best-known example is the Primakoff point blast model, along with that of their two-dimensional counterparts, is proved analytically. This conclusion in the three-dimensional case applies to all perturbations, and in the two-dimensional case to flutelike (k/sub Z/=0) modes. Implications for supernova remnant evolution are discussed.
Origin of pair-tunneling states in semiconductor quantum dots

We analyze the role optical and acoustic phonons and physical confinement play in stabilizing bound bipolarons in a GaAs quantum dot. We find that while acoustic phonons play a significant role in polaron formation, they play virtually no role in the stability of a bipolaron. In the weak-coupling limit, we find that the bipolaron is stable only when a local potential is present to physically confine the two electrons. Our results are then applied to the problem of pair electron tunneling @Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 3088 ~1992! # in GaAs quantum dots. We find that although GaAs is a weakly polar semiconductor, optical phonons and the physical confinement of the quantum dot can conspire to create a barrier to single-electron tunneling. Such a barrier to single-electron tunneling signifies the formation of 2U pairing centers. The physical potential in which the two electrons are bound can be composed of a Si impurity and a parabolic well that originates from the image potential created by the d dopants in the backing layer of the dot. We find that pair binding is unfavorable at small separations between the two wells where the Coulomb repulsion obviates pair binding. A minimal separation of ’800 A is found for pair binding to occur. Hence, we argue that when the confining radius of the dot is smaller than ’800 A, pair tunneling states should not be observed. In addition, we find that the pair state is unstable at moderate magnetic field strengths (’ 2T ! , as is seen experimentally. @S0163-1829~97! 06508-9#
On excursion sets, tube formulas and maxima of random fields

This is a rambling review of what, with a few notable and significant exceptions, has been a rather dormant area for over a decade. It concentrates on the septuagenarian problem of finding good approximations for the excursion probability P supt∈TXt ≥ λ where λ is large, X is a Gaussian, or “Gaussian-like,” process over a region T ⊂ N and, generally, N > 1. A quarter of a century ago, there was a flurry of papers out of various schools linking this problem to the geometrical properties of random field sample paths. My own papers made the link via Euler characteristics of the excursion sets t ∈ T : Xt ≥ λ . A decade ago, Aldous popularized the Poisson clumping heuristic for computing excursion probabilities in a wide variety of scenarios, including the Gaussian. Over the past few years, Keith Worsley has been the driving force behind the computation of many new Euler characteristic functionals, primarily driven by applications in medical imaging. There has also been a parallel development of techniques in the astrophysical literature. Meanwhile, somewhat closer to home, Hotelling’s 1939 “tube formulas” have seen a renaissance as sophisticated statistical hypothesis testing problems led to their reapplication toward computing excursion probabilities, and Sun and others have shown how to apply them in a purely Gaussian setting. The aim of the present paper is to look again at many of these results and tie them together in new ways to obtain a few new results and, hopefully, considerable new insight. The “Punchline of this paper,” which relies heavily on a recent result of Piterbarg, is given in Section 6.6: “In computing excursion probabilities for smooth enough Gaussian random fields over reasonable enough regions, the expected Euler characteristic of the corresponding excursion sets gives an approximation, for large levels, that is accurate to as many terms as there are in its expansion. ”
Atomic force microscopy with time resolution of microseconds

The atomic force microscope (AFM) can acquire high-resolution images under nondestructive conditions albeit at a very poor temporal resolution. This work presents two AFM mapping techniques, stroboscopic, and continuous, for imaging rapid periodical processes with nanometer spatial resolution and microsecond time resolution. Application of these methods is demonstrated for imaging very rapid cyclic changes in the position of a microfabricated grid. Motion was resolved with 10nm spatial resolution, and 5 and 25μs temporal resolution using the stroboscopic and continuous mode, respectively. The proposed methods have the potential to image wide variety of rapid processes with unparalleled combination of lateral and temporal resolutions.
Laser guide star scintillometer (LAGUSS) for profiling atmospheric turbulence

High-resolution Cn2 profiling is essential for characterizing atmospheric turbulence, especially when correction of the laser beam propagation. This is can be done by using distributed light sources. One way of doing so can be achieved by using the Rayleigh or Mie laser guide star as a light source. In this case the time-resolved characteristics of the backward scattered pulse can be used to characterize turbulence continuously along the measured range. This report discusses the operational principles of the laser guide-star scintillometer (LAGUSS) and analyses the results of experimental data for profiling the Cn2 as a function of the range.