Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Assistive Technologies in Addressing Challenges in Indoor Farming: A Review

World population is increasing at an alarming rate reaching to 7.7 billion, raising the demands of food exponentially. Conventional farming yields are not able to handle the global food demands and causes issues associated with environment, health and quality. In order to meet the demand and supply ratio, the agriculture practices adopted pose serious issues that are essential to address. These challenges include shortage of fertile soil and water, usage of artificial fertilizers and pesticides influencing quality of yield, complications in farming methods demanding skilled farmers, and unawareness about the impact of agriculture on society and economy. To overcome these challenges indoor farming has gained a lot of attention seeking for research in recent times. In this paper, research is carried out to investigate and review the challenges in farming methods from natural, societal, scientific and socio-economic perspective. Though, indoor farming is evolved as extended farming solution to conventional farming, maintaining and managing indoor farms has become tedious for traditional farmer. Technological interventions thus considered as an add-on support for providing ease of use in handling indoor farming issues. The paper explores usage of various conventional and advanced technologies to determine feasibility of their application in ecological indoor farming systems. Various solutions that are experimented on numerous platforms in different countries are detailed to validate the feasibility of the solution. Also, a review on assistive technologies like Internet of Things, Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence etc, which have revolutionized indoor farming is provided. The contribution of this paper is to evaluate feasible assistive technologies that are suitable for real-time. The research concludes with a summary on quantifying the impact of assistive technologies in contribution towards indoor farming. The paper is concluded with key findings from challenges that can be addressed with the usage of most feasible assistive technology. The finding can assist a typical farmer to develop their own indoor farming systems and maintain effectively.
The Role of NAD+ in Rejuvenating Human Body

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a coenzyme and considered an essential cofactor in cellular bioenergetics and adaptive stress responses. It is present in all living cells and governs fundamental biological processes including energy production, DNA repair, gene expression, calcium-dependent secondary messenger signaling and also in immune-regulatory roles. NAD+ depletion has been a subject of intense research due to the reason that it is associated with hallmarks of aging and age-related diseases, such as metabolic disorders, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies have suggested that physiological and pharmacological interventions that elevate cellular NAD+ levels may slow or even reverse the aspects of aging and also delay the progression of age-related diseases. In this min-review, we have described the roles of NAD+ in relationships to aging and major age-related diseases. The emphasis is on the contribution of NAD+ depletion to aging along with strategies to modulate NAD+ metabolism through physiological and pharmacological pathways. Recent human clinical studies on NAD+ boosting are summarized. We have specifically addressed how boosting NAD+ levels could potentially play an important role as a promising therapeutic strategy to counter aging-associated pathologies and accelerated aging. Finally, a brief perspective on the future research direction is presented.
Degradation Behavior of β-Ca3 (PO4)2/β-Ca2P2O7 Bioceramics

β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) added with certain amounts of β-calcium pyrophosphate (β-CPP) was prepared. Degradation behavior of β-TCP/β-CPP ceramic was tested by soaking in Tris solution for 20d. The morphologies of composites before and after degradation were observed by SEM. The weight loss was tested after soaking in immersion solution. The results showed that the β-TCP/β-CPP ceramic had great potential as a biodegradable bone substitute.
Molecular Typing and Phenotypic and Genotypic Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Factors of the Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteria Isolated From Vegetable and Salad Samples

BackgroundMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of foodborne diseases. The present research evaluated the antibiotic resistance properties, distribution of virulence factors, and molecular typing of MRSA bacteria isolated from vegetable and salad samples. MethodsThree-hundred and fifty vegetable and salad samples were examined for the presence of S. aureus using the culture. MRSA bacteria were identified using cefoxitin and oxacillin disk diffusion. The phenotypic pattern of antibiotic resistance was assessed by disk diffusion. ResultsThe PCR evaluated the distribution of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes. Forty-five out of 350 (12.85%) vegetable and salad samples were positive for S. aureus. Twenty-six isolates out of 45 (57.77%) S. aureus bacteria were determined as MRSA. MRSA bacteria harbored the uppermost prevalence of resistance against cefoxitin (100%), ceftaroline (100%), penicillin (100%), tetracycline (88.46%), gentamicin (80.76%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (69.23%), and erythromycin (69.23%). The prevalence of MRSA bacteria resistance recovered from vegetable and salad samples against more than seven antibiotic agents was 12.50% and 27.77%, respectively. BlaCTX-M (100%), blaZ (100%), aacA-D (61.53%), tetK (57.69%), dfrA1 (46.15%), and vanA (42.30%) were the most commonly detected antibiotic resistance genes. PVL (57.69%), coa (53.84%), and hla (38.46%) were the most commonly detected virulence factors amongst the MRSA bacteria. ConclusionMRSA isolates had a similarity lower than 80%, categorized in the same group. The presence of one or more virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes amongst the resistant-MRSA bacteria signifies an important threat rendering the consumption of contaminated vegetables and salads.
Major Factors Influencing Watching Game Streaming in Thailand: A Case Study of Multiplayers Online Battle Arena (MOBA) Game and What Motivates People Spectating Their Play

This study aims to identify major factors influencing people watching game streaming in Thailand: a case study of Multiplayers Online Battle Arena (MOBA) Game and What Motivates People Spectating Their Play. The study is conducted as a quantitative research using Cronbach’s Alpha, Descriptive and Inferential Statistics to analyze the reliability of the survey questionnaire undertaken during the research period, demographic information, and hypotheses testing respectively. The survey was conducted to 400 Thai’s game streaming viewers who have previously watched MOBA game streaming. The research study uses non-probability sampling techniques consisted of Convenience Sampling (Using Google Form) and Snowball Sampling for collecting data. The finding of the study show that there are four variables that significantly influenced on watching intention. These variables are sex appeal, humor appeal, interactivity, and the skills of the players.
Political Participation, Volunteering During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Hungary

The COVID-19 pandemic has had massive, global-scale impacts. For the realization of policy goals, the pandemic calls for citizen co-production. Since most policies are voluntary, levers for encouraging compliance with them oblige public servants to find ways to activate residents’ civic sense of duty. Such efforts are likely to be more effective if they harness the popular legitimacy of intermediaries – from civic organizations to for-profit companies – that can exert normative pressure for compliance. With the aim of the management and reduction of health, economic risks, and damages, several initiatives have been organized in Hungary. Initiators included political parties, registered NGOs, companies and informal groups and communities.
Traditional Diagnosis of Eimeria spp. in Fallow Deer at Middle Parts of Iraq

Eimeria is an apicomplex protozoon which affects many species of birds, domestic and wild animals including deer. This is the first study in Iraq that was designed for diagnosis Eimeria spp. in deer using traditional methods. Eighty fecal samples of Fallow deer (Damadama) were collected in different provinces in the middle part of Iraq during December 2018 to the end of September 2019. Samples were examined by direct smear and flotation with Sheather's solution. The total infection rate with Eimeria spp. was 70% (56/80), in which higher infection rate was observed in female deer (78%, 39/50). The results also showed that Fawn at age<3-11 months recorded higher rate of infection (86.3%, 19/22). Eimeria infection was more prevalent in Karbala and Baghdad provinces where recorded (73.3% and 72%) respectively, sharp increase of infection recorded during March (87.5%, 7/8). In addition, four species of Eimeria (E. crandalis, E. intricate, E. parva, and E. sordida) were detected in Iraqi deer according to morphological characterization of oocysts. This study highlighted the distribution of some Eimeria species in deer and revealed the effect of some epidemiological factors on prevalence in different middle Iraq provinces. T *Correspondence: Dr.safaa88@yahoo.com Received: 14 April 2020 Accepted: 13 September 2020 Published: 28 December 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30539/ijvm.v44i(E0). 1028 This article is an open access distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Common Attribution License (CC BY 4.0)
Dampak Flypaper Effect Dana Alokasi Umum Dan Flypaper Effect Pendapatan Asli Daerah Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh flypaper effect Dana Alokasi Umum dan flypaper effect Pendapatan Asli Daerah kota Banda Aceh terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi yang diukur dengan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto kota Banda Aceh. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunde yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik kota Banda Aceh, yaitu realisasi Dana Alokasi Umum, Pendapatan Asli Daerah kota Banda Aceh, dan Produk Domestik regional Bruto kota Banda Aceh dari tahun 2013 hingga 2017. Alat analisis data menggunakan model diskriptif kuatitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa secara simultan dan parsial variabel flypaper Dana Alokasi Umum dan flypaper Pendapatan Asli Daerah berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi kota Banda Aceh. Kemampuan variabel independen dalam menjelaskan variabel dependen mencapai 75.8 %, dan hal ini membuktikan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi sangat dietnetukan oleh kedua variabel indpenden ini. Kata kunci: flypaper effect, Dana Alokasi Umum, Pendapatan Asli Daerah, pertumbuhan ekonomi.
Effect of PGPR, Phosphate sources and vermicompost on growth and nutrients uptake by lettuce in a calcareous soil

ABSTRACT In order to study the effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), vermicompost and phosphate sources on the growth and nutrients uptake by lettuce, a greenhouse experiments was conducted. Treatments consisted of PGPR (Pseudomonas fluorescens) (with and without inoculation), vermicompost (0 and 1% w/w) and phosphate sources (control, rock phosphate (RP), tricalcium phosphate and triple super phosphate (TSP) at 25 mg P kg−1 level). Biological fertilizers, RP and TSP significantly increased shoot dry matter (SDM) and some measured nutrients uptake. Co-application of PGPR and RP, in non-vermicompost treatments significantly increased SDM, shoot nitrogen, phosphorus (P), potassium, zinc and manganese uptake rates. Shoot P uptake had no significant difference between TSP and RP treatments. Co-application of PGPR, vermicompost and TSP significantly decreased SDM, which may be due to the P toxic levels in the plant aerial parts and/or the inhibition of the bacterial activities in the rhizosphere soil.
Harmonic Power Direction Method for Smart Grids

Active power flow direction is a common method used by most industries to determine the flow of harmonics in the distribution network and for data monitoring analysis. This method is integrated into most power quality analyzers and commercial software. Therefore, this paper seeks to examine the harmonic power flow direction method and quantify the size of the harmonic contribution of each harmonic source connected at the Point of Connection (PoC). A radial distribution network with harmonic loads is used and modelled in the DIgSILENT power factory. It was found that the harmonic power flow depends on the flow of harmonic current within the power system. It can be that the harmonic sources have negative power at a harmonic frequency which means it injects the harmonic current, but the dominant contribution is only from one or two harmonic sources. Thus, the load with the highest percentage of individual and total harmonic distortion is the dominant contributor to harmonics. DIgSILENT gives the contribution of each load connected at the PoC by indicating the percentage of total harmonic distortion. The active power flow direction method is the practical and commercial method to use in the industries. This gives a solution for the ongoing harmonic source detection research. It is recommended to use DIgSILENT, it shows the direction of harmonic current flow and quantifies the harmonic content within the network.
A right preconditioner for the LSMR method

The LSMR (Least Squares Minimal Residual) method is an absorbing solver that can solve linear system Ax = b and least squares problem min ||Ax = b|| where A is a sparse and large matrix. This method is based on the Golub-Kahan bidiagonalization process and sometimes it may converge slowly like other methods. I n order to prevent this event, a right preconditioner for LSMR method is presented to solve large and sparse linear system which used for LSQR (Least Squares with QR factorization) method before. Numerical examples and comparing the preconditioned LSMR method to unpreconditioned LSMR method would show the effectiveness of the preconditioner. I t is obtained from this paper that PLSMR (Preconditioned LSMR) method has a better performance in reducing the number of iterations and relative residual norm in comparing with the original LSMR method.
Formulation and Evaluation of Tolterodine Tartrate Sustained Release Capsules

The treatment of acute diseases or chronic illness has been achieved by delivery of drugs to the patients for many years. These drug delivery systems include tablets, injectables, suspensions, creams, ointments, liquids and aerosols. Today these conventional drug delivery systems are widely used. The term drug delivery can be defined as techniques that are used to get the therapeutic agents inside the human body. Another role of the delivery systems is to allow the safe application of the drug. In the current study Tolterodine Sustained release pellets were prepared by Layering of the drug on core pellets by fluid bed processor (Wurster) and coating of the drug layered pellets with the sustained release polymers with the same process of Fluid bed processor (Wurster). For the layering of the drug on core pellets the drug solution was prepared by using HPMC as a binder with the suspension layering technique. HPMC at 6% concentration was used constantly and at 6% concentration the Drug layered pellets is found to be satisfactory without any doublets or triplets. Further the pellets assay results suggested that there is no loss of drug. Hence throughout the process the concentration of HPMC for drug layering maintained constantly at 6% level. Eight formulations of sustained release pellets were prepared by incorporating Ethyl cellulose and PVPK-30 as a pore former. From the initial 3 trials with the varying concentration of Ethyl cellulose the dissolution results suggested that when the concentration was high the drug release was retarded from initial to the end point and at low concentration the drug release was higher than the reference product at the initial hours and incomplete release at the end of the dissolution. By observing the incomplete release from the coated pellets even at low concentration of Ethyl cellulose a barrier coating polymer is incorporated from trial 4 and varying the concentration of Ethyl cellulose was studied. From all the above studies it is concluded that the batch with 4.3% of HPMC as barrier coat and 3.2% Ethyl Cellulose with 1.6% of PVPK-30 found to be the best of all the trials matching the innovator product. For all the batches the prepared pellets were filled in to Size 3 capsules and analyzed. The kinetic analysis of the drug release data reveal that the pattern of drug delivery follows first order and matrix diffusion as shown by the straight lines. The identified formulation f8 which was matching to the reference product on the basis of f1, f2 values was manufactured again with the same process parameters to confirm the reproducibility. The result of the reproducibility batch is found to be superimposable to the final identified formulation.
Characterization and Evaluation of Silver-Nanoparticle-Incorporated in Composite Graphite Aiming at their Application in Biosensors *

Abstract Biosensors based on nanomaterial composites have been investigated for their potential to function as high sensitivity signal response devices. In the present study, we report the fabrication of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on a graphite epoxy composite electrode (GEC) and mixed with the polyaniline (a conductive emeraldine salt form polymer) composite electrode (AgNPs/PANI/GEC), in order to compare the performance of the generated electrochemical response signals. Cyclic voltammetry tests were conducted to compare the quality and intensity of signals from the different prepared electrodes. Tests for the AgNPs/PANI/GEC electrodes were made with and without the enzymes alcohol oxidase and horseradish peroxidase immobilized on the composite surface. The prepared AgNPs/PANI/GEC nanocomposite was evaluated by thermal analysis. Scanning electron microscopy images and EDX were obtained for characterization of the electrode surface morphology. Square wave voltammetry techniques were then employed for ethanol analysis with the AOX/HRP/AgNPs/PANI/GEC biosensor achieving good results in a range of 0.37M to 0.65 M.
Orientation domains in a monoclinic Mg–Al–O phase

Two types of Mg–Al–O structures were successfully synthesized under high temperature (above 1173 K). Transmission electron microscopy and group theory analysis reveal the existence of cubic MgAl2O4 and an unreported monoclinic MgAlxOy phase with four domain variants. The structural relationship between these two phases is discussed in detail. The results shed light on the structural investigation of Mg–Al–O oxides, which are important mineral components of the Earth's lower mantle as well as substrates for the epitaxial growth of semiconductor films. Monoclinic MgAlxOy nanowires with domain boundaries may also provide a possible high-strength candidate for industrial applications.
Simultaneous Edge‐on to Face‐on Reorientation and 1D Alignment of Small π‐Conjugated Molecules Using Room‐Temperature Mechanical Rubbing

In this study, room‐temperature mechanical rubbing is used to control the 3D orientation of small π‐conjugated molecular systems in solution‐processed polycrystalline thin films without using any alignment substrate. High absorption dichroic ratio and significant anisotropy in charge carrier mobilities (up to 130) measured in transistor configuration are obtained in rubbed organic films based on the ambipolar quinoidal quaterthiophene (QQT(CN)4). Moreover, a solvent vapor annealing treatment of the rubbed film is found to improve the optical and charge transport anisotropy due to an increased crystallinity. X‐ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy measurements demonstrate that rubbing does not only lead to an excellent 1D orientation of the QQT(CN)4 molecules over large areas but also modifies the orientation of the crystals, moving molecules from an edge‐on to a face‐on configuration. The reasons why a mechanical alignment technique can be used at room temperature for such a polycrystalline film are rationalized, by the plastic characteristics of the QQT(CN)4 layer and the role of the flexible alkyl side chains in the molecular packing. This nearly complete conversion from edge‐on to face‐on orientation by mechanical treatment in polycrystalline small‐molecule‐based thin films opens perspectives in terms of fundamental research and practical applications in organic optoelectronics.
Trichloroethene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane and tetrachloroethene - Determination of trichloroacetic acid in urine using headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry [Biomonitoring Methods, 2017]

Trichloroacetic acid is a metabolite of several chlorinated hydrocarbons which are often used as solvents, such as 1,1,1‐trichloroethane, 1,1,2,2‐tetrachloroethane, tetrachloroethene and above all trichloroethene. The described method enables the determination of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) in urine and is based on the quantitative, thermolytic degradation of TCA into carbon dioxide and chloroform (trichloromethane) in an aqueous solution. The analyte is chloroform, which can be quantified using headspace‐gas chromatography and a mass selective detector in the Selected‐Ion‐Monitoring‐mode. For quantitation, a calibration is carried out using standard solutions in pooled urine or water which are processed and analysed in the same way as the samples. The validation of the procedure showed a precision in the range of 4.0 to 5.5%. Mean accuracy ranged from 95 to 118%. LOQ was found to be 0.03 mg TCA per liter urine.
Applying intelligent agent technology as the platform for simulation

Simulation is one of the most powerful analysis tools available for the design and operation of complex processes or systems. In an increasingly competitive world, simulation has become a very powerful tool for the planning, design and control of systems. In recent years, there has been a strong revival and advancement in the area of intelligent agent technology in artificial intelligence (AI) and the authors foresee a strong application of intelligent agent technology in simulation. Hence, the paper attempts to put forward an architecture for performing simulation using intelligent agent technology.
Distribution of soil organic carbon in the light and heavy fractions for six shelterbelt species and their adjacent agricultural fields in Saskatchewan

Abstract: Agroforestry systems play an important role in the sequestration of carbon (C) to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. However, the extent of long-term C sequestration will depend on physical stabilization of the sequestered C. This study determined the influence of six major shelterbelt species on soil organic carbon (SOC) distribution in the light- and heavy-density fractions of bulk soil compared with adjacent agricultural fields. Soil samples were collected from the shelterbelts and adjacent agricultural fields and were separated into light and heavy fractions using sodium iodide solution (NaI, density = 1.6 g cm-3) and analyzed for their organic C stocks. Both the light and heavy fractions to a 50 cm soil depth contained higher SOC stocks for the shelterbelts (21 and 91 Mg C ha-1, respectively) compared with the adjacent agricultural fields (14 and 81 Mg C ha-1, respectively). Most SOC added at the 0–10 cm soil depth was in the form of labile light fraction (92%), whereas heavy fraction contributed to 70% of the increase in the SOC stocks at the 10–30 cm soil depth. Increase in light-fraction SOC stocks was higher for coniferous species compared with hardwood species, and accounted for 48%–50% and 28%–31% of the increase in SOC stocks for coniferous and hardwood shelterbelts, respectively. This trend was attributed to the differences in the amount and quality of litter between coniferous and hardwood species.