Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differential quadrature domain decomposition method for problems on a triangular domain

The differential quadrature method (DQM) has been studied for years and it has been shown by many researchers that the DQM is an attractive numerical method with high efficiency and accuracy. The conventional DQM is mostly effective for one‐dimensional and multidimensional problems with geometrically regular domains. But to deal with problems on a triangular domain, we will meet difficulties. In this article we will study how to solve problems on a triangular domain by using DQM combined with the domain decomposition method (DDM). © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2005
An Ultraminiature Circularly Polarized Microstrip Patch Antenna With MIM Capacitors

In this letter, an ultraminiature circularly polarized micostrip patch antenna is designed using four metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors. First, four lumped capacitors are added to the edge of the conventional microstrip patch antenna to conduct the simulation of the theoretical model for brevity. It is found that the micostrip patch antenna achieves electrically small (ka < 1) when the capacitors are selected carefully. In addition, the axial ratio and the resonance of the antenna can be optimized by the capacitors, which derive an effective method for designing a compact circularly polarized antenna. Thus, four MIM capacitors are applied to replace the lumped capacitors to make the antenna physically realizable. A circularly polarized (CP) electrically small mictostrip patch antenna is designed, fabricated, and measured to justify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The axial ratio bandwidth and the peak gain of the CP (ka = 0.495) prototype achieves 0.88% and 4.25 dBiC, respectively. The size of the proposed antenna is only 0. 104λ0 × 0. 104λ0.
Study of the Influence of the Wastewater Matrix in the Adsorption of Three Pharmaceuticals by Powdered Activated Carbon

The use of powdered activated carbon (PAC) as an absorbent has become a promising option to upgrade wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) that were not designed to remove pharmaceuticals. However, PAC adsorption mechanisms are not yet fully understood, especially with regard to the nature of the wastewater. In this study, we tested the adsorption of three pharmaceuticals, namely diclofenac, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim, onto PAC under four different water matrices: ultra-pure water, humic acid solution, effluent and mixed liquor from a real WWTP. The adsorption affinity was defined primarily by the pharmaceutical physicochemical properties (charge and hydrophobicity), with better results obtained for trimethoprim, followed by diclofenac and sulfamethoxazole. In ultra-pure water, the results show that all pharmaceuticals followed pseudo-second order kinetics, and they were limited by a boundary layer effect on the surface of the adsorbent. Depending on the water matrix and compound, the PAC capacity and the adsorption process varied accordingly. The higher adsorption capacity was observed for diclofenac and sulfamethoxazole in humic acid solution (Langmuir isotherm, R2 > 0.98), whereas better results were obtained for trimethoprim in the WWTP effluent. Adsorption in mixed liquor (Freundlich isotherm, R2 > 0.94) was limited, presumably due to its complex nature and the presence of suspended solids.
Science in stories: Implications for Latine children’s science learning through home-based language practices

There is growing interest in stories as potentially powerful tools for science learning. In this mini-review article, we discuss theory and evidence indicating that, especially for young children, listening to and sharing stories with adult caregivers at home can make scientific ideas and inquiry practices meaningful and accessible. We review recent research offering evidence that stories presented in books can advance children’s science learning. Nonetheless, most of this work focuses on middle-class European-American U. S. children and involves narrative story books. Given the national imperative to increase Latine1 representation in STEM education and career pursuits in the U. S. , we argue that it is vital that we broaden the definition of stories to include oral narrative storytelling and other conversational routines that Latine families engage in at home. Cultural communities with firmly rooted oral traditions, such as those from Latin American heritage, rely frequently on oral storytelling rather than book reading to convey world and community knowledge to young children. Therefore, we advocate for a strengths-based approach that considers Latine families’ everyday practices around science and storytelling on their own terms instead of contrasting them with European-American middle-class practices. We offer support for the view that for young children in Latine communities, culturally relevant oral practices, including personal narrative storytelling, can engender significant opportunities for family science learning at home.
POLIS: A spectropolarimeter for the VTT and for GREGOR

The polarimetric Littrow Spectrograph POLIS is designed for vector polarimetry at high angular and spectral resolution. It measures the magnetic field simultaneously in the photosphere and the chromosphere of the sun. Both branches of the polarimetry unit are dual beam systems with a single rotating modulator for both wavelengths and polarizing beam splitters in front of each CCD camera. POLIS has been installed at the VTT on Tenerife and has seen First Light on 17 May 2002. A modified version of POLIS will be developed for the balloon mission Sunrise. That version will have UV capabilities down to 200 nm.
3-D nonlinear transient electromagnetic analysis of short circuit electromagnetic forces in a three-phase enclosure-type gas insulated bus

An accurate analysis of short circuit electromagnetic forces in a three-phase enclosure-type gas insulated bus (GIB) has been performed. The analysis clarified the effects of the eddy currents (skin effect) and the nonlinear permeability on the materials. The calculated magnetic fields agree with the measured fields. The electromagnetic force analysis considering the skin effect and the nonlinear permeability of the magnetic materials is important in view of reducing the GIB size.
Ultraviolet picosecond optical pulse generation from a mode-locked InGaN laser diode

Ultraviolet optical pulses were generated by actively mode locking an external cavity InGaN laser at a wavelength of 409 nm with a temporal pulse duration of 30 ps. The average power was 2 mW and the time–bandwidth product was 1.2. Dynamic detuning plays a major role in pulse development.
Rotational polarities of sudden impulses in the magnetotail lobe

A sudden impulse (SI) is a sudden change in the magnetic field strength which is caused by a change in the solar wind pressure and is observed throughout the magnetosphere. In this report we have examined the rotations of the magnetic field vectors at times of SIs in the magnetotail lobe, by using IMP 6, 7, and 8 magnetometer data. The following properties have been found: (1) at the time of SI the arrowhead of the magnetic vector tends to rotate in one plane; (2) the plane of rotation tends to include the unperturbed magnetic field vector; (3) the plane of rotation tends to be aligned with the radial direction from the magnetotail axis; and (4) the magnetic vectors have a particular rotational polarity: when the plane of rotation is viewed so that the Sun is to the right of the viewed plane and the magnetotail axis is to the bottom, the arrowhead of the vector tends to rotate counterclockwise in this plane. These magnetic vector properties are consistent with those expected when part of an increase in solar wind lateral pressure squeezes the magnetotail axisymmetrically while moving tailward. 12 refs.
Design and analysis of hololenses to obtain appreciable illumination over the entire image of an extended object for its use in speckle metrology

In this paper theoretical curves for the variation of diffraction efficiency, of thick phase transmission hololenses recorded on dichromated gelatin (DCG), with emulsion thickness (d), depth of refractive-index modulation and fringe spacing at are presented. The results of a comparative study of the theoretical and experimental variations of diffraction efficiency with a change in angle of reconstruction with respect to the Bragg angle for two typical hololenses of fringe spacing and respectively for a fixed value of emulsion thickness and depth of refractive-index modulation are also presented. The present investigation reveals that low-thickness emulsion, high depth of refractive-index modulation and large fringe spacing are quite promising for recording DCG hololenses for coherent imaging systems which can provide appreciable illumination over the entire image of an extended object. Such lenses can be used advantageously in a coherent imaging system for speckle metrology. Dans cet article on presente les courbes theoriques de variation de l'efficacite de diffraction de lentilles holographiques epaisses enregistrees dans la gelatine bichromatee (DCG) avec l'epaisseur de l'emulsion (d), la profondeur de la modulation d'indice et l'interfrange a 0,6328. Les resultats des etudes comparatives de la variation theorique et experimentale de cette efficacite avec le changement d'angle de reconstruction par rapport a l'angle de Bragg pour et , et sont presentees. L'etude actuelle revele qu'une faible epaisseur d'emulsion, une forte profondeur de modulation de l'indice et un grand interfrange sont tres prometteurs pour l'enregistrement de lentilles holographiques DCG qui fourniraient un eclairement appreciable sur l'image entiere d'objets etendus en imagerie coherente. De telles lentilles peuvent etre avantageusement utilisees pour la metrologie speckle.
Color-invariant character recognition and character-background color identification by multichannel matched filter

The problem to recognizing a uniform color object placed on a color background is studied. The recognition process, based on a multichannel correlation, is divided into two steps. First, the presence of the target is determined by using two phase only filters (POF) in each channel matched to the target on a black background, and to a color square with the target in black. The background color is obtained with a classical matched filter (CMF) matched to the latter signal. From the information provided by the three filters in each channel, it is possible to obtain the presence of the target and the character-background color combination. Some simulation results are given to show the performance of the method.
Experimental Study on Aerothermal Heating Caused by Jet-Hypersonic Crossflow Interaction

The present paper reports on the results of an experimental study on aerothermodynamic effects associated with the injection of a laterial jet into a hypersonic cross-flow around a generic missile model. This study intends to close the gap of missing reliable information on measured combined surface pressure and heat flux distribution on a missile configuration with laterial jet. The model consisting of a cone, cylindrical main body and a flare includes a single side jet hole. The model is made of a material with low thermal conductivity, in order to visualize the surface temperature distribution, i.e. heat fluxes. The surface temperature development on the model has been measured by IR thermography. Using this data the heat flux rate has been determined taking into account temperature-dependent material characteristics, assuming a semi infinite wall and the exchange of radiative cooling to the environment. Flow topology was analyzed using oil flow and Schlieren images and wall pressure distribution measurements. The experimental data show that the jet pressure ratio has a significant effect on the side jet flow topology and its interaction with the cross-flow. The influence of the angle of attack and the yaw angle on the pressure and heat flux distribution has also been measured clearly. Finally the effect of various side jet gas media on the flow interaction has been demonstrated with tests using argon and helium as a jet gas complementary to air.
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ Buffer Proteins: A Focus on the Yet-To-Be-Explored Role of Sarcalumenin in Skeletal Muscle Health and Disease

Sarcalumenin (SAR) is a luminal Ca2+ buffer protein with high capacity but low affinity for calcium binding found predominantly in the longitudinal sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of fast- and slow-twitch skeletal muscles and the heart. Together with other luminal Ca2+ buffer proteins, SAR plays a critical role in modulation of Ca2+ uptake and Ca2+ release during excitation–contraction coupling in muscle fibers. SAR appears to be important in a wide range of other physiological functions, such as Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ATPase (SERCA) stabilization, Store-Operated-Calcium-Entry (SOCE) mechanisms, muscle fatigue resistance and muscle development. The function and structural features of SAR are very similar to those of calsequestrin (CSQ), the most abundant and well-characterized Ca2+ buffer protein of junctional SR. Despite the structural and functional similarity, very few targeted studies are available in the literature. The present review provides an overview of the role of SAR in skeletal muscle physiology, as well as of its possible involvement and dysfunction in muscle wasting disorders, in order to summarize the current knowledge on SAR and drive attention to this important but still underinvestigated/neglected protein.
CoordiNet: Constrained Dynamics Learning for State Coordination Over Graph

A neural architecture to efficiently coordinate the transitions of state variables (states) over a graph is proposed. We consider the coordination of the time evolution of the state variables associated with the nodes on a graph. The states are associated with physical attributes of agents, e.g., the speed and/or location of vehicles. Efficient coordination then corresponds to the optimization of dynamics (how fast do vehicles travel) that may be subject to constraints (travel must be collision-free). The aim of this paper is (i) the formulation of learnable constrained dynamics which governs the transition of states under constraints over a graph and (ii) to show its industrial application. Firstly, we formulate continuous ordinary differential equations (ODEs), namely forward propagation of state transitions over a graph and backward propagation to optimize model parameters for the learnable constrained dynamics. Discretization of these continuous ODEs results in the neural architecture CoordiNet. Secondly, as an application of CoordiNet, we address a traffic coordination problem by learning constrained dynamics such that vehicles can travel as fast as possible without collisions. Simulation experiments of traffic coordination confirm that our method maximizes the vehicles' speed states while avoiding collisions.
Synthetic images generation for semantic understanding in facility management

Purpose This study aims to introduce a new methodology for generating synthetic images for facility management purposes. The method starts by leveraging the existing 3D open-source BIM models and using them inside a graphic engine to produce a photorealistic representation of indoor spaces enriched with facility-related objects. The virtual environment creates several images by changing lighting conditions, camera poses or material. Moreover, the created images are labeled and ready to be trained in the model. Design/methodology/approach This paper focuses on the challenges characterizing object detection models to enrich digital twins with facility management-related information. The automatic detection of small objects, such as sockets, power plugs, etc., requires big, labeled data sets that are costly and time-consuming to create. This study proposes a solution based on existing 3D BIM models to produce quick and automatically labeled synthetic images. Findings The paper presents a conceptual model for creating synthetic images to increase the performance in training object detection models for facility management. The results show that virtually generated images, rather than an alternative to real images, are a powerful tool for integrating existing data sets. In other words, while a base of real images is still needed, introducing synthetic images helps augment the model’s performance and robustness in covering different types of objects. Originality/value This study introduced the first pipeline for creating synthetic images for facility management. Moreover, this paper validates this pipeline by proposing a case study where the performance of object detection models trained on real data or a combination of real and synthetic images are compared.
INTELLIGENT EDUCATION ASSISTANT POWERED BY CHATBOTS

Over the last decade, the technology advancements were quickly absorbed and integrated into education processes and eLearning which enabled the development of efficient and innovative solutions able to act as customer tailored learning resources. One of the most ground-breaking innovations in the eLearning field is the integration of Chatbots technology into teaching experience, which acts as an intelligent bridge between education and technology. Chatbots technology can be used in a wide spectrum of fields due to its flexibility and ability to adapt to the pace at which each individual feels comfortable, without causing overwhelming or exhaustion. This paper aims to blend e-Assisted learning and communication into classrooms, introducing Chatbots as real-time educational assistants for the teacher - they are designed to distribute interactivity with students and to manage it at individualized level. This approach adds a highly increased degree of interactivity and personalization to the learning experience, aspects which are critical from the student point of view as each individual has its own learning and understanding capabilities. The authors combined modern software technologies such as Cloud based development, micro-services, Java technologies and Chatbots to create an automated closed loop for the teaching pace and adaptive complexity in a classroom. The proposed solution avoids putting the teacher in a secondary position, shadowed by technology - it rather empowers him with e-Assistants that give him access to a real time and relevant statistic of individual students’ understanding level - a valuable feedback for personalized education which leads to an improved mentorship quality.
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN KNOWLEDGE SHARING IN E-LEARNING PROGRAMS FOR PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

The G20 Moscow summit from 2013 highlighted the fact that human resource development remained a major priority for developing countries, especially low-income countries, with important impact on the priorities of other low income countries. When discussing about the current global economic development, about increasing economic competitiveness and reducing economic risks of global crises, we take also into consideration the role that governments and their staff can play in ensuring the adequate implementation of the various policy measures. In order for the government staff to perform at high levels of competence both in high and low income countries, especially in G20 members (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States of America plus the European Union member states), we consider that continuous education / lifelong learning would be crucial in providing an enabling environment, with e-learning holding a key position, as it enables people, civil servants to deal with future challenges raised by knowledge and information society. In the framework of the technological, normative and procedural evolutions that influence how the staff from public administrations works and possible openness towards e-learning programs, while aware of the various pedagogic, administrative and economic factors that provide incentives as well as drawbacks in using e-learning in providing training to civil servants, we are interested in analyzing e-learning programs developed and used for public administration staff from several G20 states. Our analysis will be focused on assessing the dimensions of the e-learning systems, variety of courses via e-learning platforms, methodologies used in e-learning, possible limitations and challenges in providing e-learning programs to civil servants in several G20 states. The analysis will be conducted using public information available from national agencies with responsibilities in providing such trainings in various G20 states. Our recommendations are oriented towards stimulating the development of an enabling environment for improving inter-agencies and ministerial coordination by intervening at the levels of human resources from the government levels. In this respect, we promote a wider usage of electronic means in lifelong learning for the staff from public administrations and the sharing of information by electronic means aimed at ensuring further human resource development from the public administration. Moreover, we strongly consider that continuous human resource development in the public administration apparatus from the G20 states and knowledge sharing would provide adequate framework for ensuring that government priorities and policy coordination in order to achieve global economic stability, sustainable growth could be achieved, while also contributing to the development of knowledge and information society and economy.
Teaching scientific thinking skills: Students and computers coaching each other

Our attempts to improve physics instruction have led us to analyze thought processes needed to apply scientific principles to problems—and to recognize that reliable performance requires the basic cognitive functions of deciding, implementing, and assessing. Using a reciprocal-teaching strategy to teach such thought processes explicitly, we have developed computer programs called PALs (P_ersonal A_ssistants for L_earning) in which computers and students alternately coach each other. These computer-implemented tutorials make it practically feasible to provide students with individual guidance and feedback ordinarily unavailable in most courses. We constructed PALs specifically designed to teach the application of Newton’s laws. In a comparative experimental study these computer tutorials were found to be nearly as effective as individual tutoring by expert teachers—and considerably more effective than the instruction provided in a well-taught physics class. Furthermore, almost all of the students using the PALs perceived them as very helpful to their learning. These results suggest that the proposed instructional approach could fruitfully be extended to improve instruction in various practically realistic contexts.
A D-Band High-Linearity Down-Conversion Mixer for 6G Wireless Communications

A D-band down-conversion mixer with high-linearity for 6G wireless communications is presented in 28-nm CMOS technology. The mixer operates at the radio frequency (RF) of 130–150 GHz and intermediate frequency (IF) of 11–15 GHz. The mixer is based on Gilbert active mixer to obtain a high conversion gain and consists of a transconductance (GM) stage, a switch (SW) stage, and a local oscillator (LO) driving stage. The GM and SW stages are inductively coupled with a transformer, which results in high-linearity by providing high drain-to-source voltage to the SW stage. For the output of the mixer, a transformer optimized for high conversion gain and linearity based on load—pull simulation is used to obtain the conversion gain of 4.4 dB and output third-order intercept point (OIP3) of 11.31 dBm. The implemented down-conversion mixer consumes 36 mW with 0.9 V of supply voltage, and its area including pads is 0.3 mm2.