Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A low‐profile ultra‐wideband circularly polarized antenna array with metasurface

In this article, a low‐profile ultra‐wideband (UWB) circularly polarized (CP) antenna array with metasurface is presented. The antenna array consists of a 2 × 2 polarization conversion metasurfaces (PCMs) and a sequential feeding network. The PCM is composed of 4 × 4 polarization conversion unit‐cells. The unit‐cell is obtained by putting an ellipse patch into a rectangular ring, connecting the ellipse and the ring with two stubs, and then rotating it by 45°. A linear polarization (LP) slot antenna with a PCM can achieve a CP antenna, which has an impedance bandwidth of about 33.8% (5.4‐7.6 GHz) of |S11| < −10 dB and a 3‐dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of about 24.8% (5.8‐7.3 GHz), respectively. The UWB CP characteristics can be achieved when a UWB sequential feeding network is added to the 2 × 2 PCMs. Simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna array has an impedance bandwidth of about 117% (1.75‐6.75 GHz) of |S11| < −10 dB and a 3‐dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of about 105.7% (2.24‐7.35 GHz), respectively. The usable bandwidth can reach 100.3% (2.24‐6.75 GHz). Besides, the proposed antenna array achieves a higher gain compared to the traditional slot array and the peak gain of 12.5 dBic at 6 GHz. The overall size of the antenna is 0. 6λ × 0. 6λ × 0. 03λ (λ refers to the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency in free space). The proposed antenna array can be widely applied to various wireless communication systems.
Constrained Molecular Dynamic Simulation of the Potential Mean Force of Lithium Bromide Ion Pairs in Acetonitrile

Molecular dynamic simulations of Li+, and Br− ions in acetonitrile were carried out. The simulated structural properties were compared to experimental data. The solvent potentials of Li+-Br−, Li+-Li+, and Br−-Br− were evaluated using constrained molecular dynamics (CMD) simulations, to determine the solvent contribution to the total force acting on the solute and estimate the liquid arrangements according to the potential of mean force (PMF) values. The PMF of friction kernels and the passage across the Li+-Br− barrier was studied using the Grote–Hynes theory. The union-separation development happens in the polarization confining system.
Advance of the Chemical Components and Biological Activities of Ajuga Decumbens Thunb

The genus Ajuga, belongs to the family of Labiatae, commonly known as “Bugleweed or Ground pine” [1] which distributed mainly in the temperate regions Europe, Asia and Africa [2] where most its species can be found, but only two of Ajuga species are available in southeastern Australia [3-4]. Pharmacological studies revealed that Ajuga possessed, have been used as anti-inflammatory agents, anticancer, astringent, anthelmintic, hypoglycemic, febrifuge diuretic, insecticidal properties and antifungal [5-11]. Ajuga decumbens is used as a folk medicine for the treatment of all kinds of ailment in ancient, most especially in China and Japan [12-15]. This review shows previous research on bioactive compounds of A. decumbens and biological activities of both the extracts and isolated compounds from this medicinal plant.
Radiance-based retrieval bias mitigation for the MOPITT instrument: the version 8 product

Abstract. The MOPITT (Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere) satellite instrument has been making nearly continuous observations of atmospheric carbon monoxide (CO) since 2000. Satellite observations of CO are routinely used to analyze emissions from fossil fuels and biomass burning, as well as the atmospheric transport of those emissions. Recent enhancements to the MOPITT retrieval algorithm have resulted in the release of the version 8 (V8) product. V8 products benefit from updated spectroscopic data for water vapor and nitrogen used to develop the operational radiative transfer model and exploit a new method for minimizing retrieval biases through parameterized radiance bias correction. In situ datasets used for algorithm development and validation include the NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) and HIPPO (HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations) datasets used for earlier MOPITT validation work in addition to measurements from the ACRIDICON-CHUVA (Aerosol, Cloud, Precipitation, and Radiation Interactions and Dynamics of Convective Cloud Systems – Cloud processes of the main precipitation systems in Brazil: A contribution to cloud resolving modeling and to the GPM (Global Precipitation Measurement)), KORUS-AQ (The Korea-United States Air Quality Study), and ATom (The Atmospheric Tomography Mission) programs. Validation results illustrate clear improvements with respect to long-term bias drift and geographically variable retrieval bias. For example, whereas bias drift for the V7 thermal-infrared (TIR)-only product exceeded 0.5 % yr−1 for levels in the upper troposphere (e.g., at 300 hPa), bias drift for the V8 TIR-only product is found to be less than 0.1 % yr−1 at all levels. Also, whereas upper-tropospheric (300 hPa) retrieval bias in the V7 TIR-only product exceeded 10 % in the tropics, corresponding V8 biases are less than 5 % (in terms of absolute value) at all latitudes and do not exhibit a clear latitudinal dependence.
A comparison of three nitrate leaching mitigation treatments with dicyandiamide using lysimeters

ABSTRACT The effect of three surface applied nitrate leaching mitigation treatments 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP), sodium chlorate (ClO3 -) and a combination of Gibberellic acid and Lignosulphonate (GA + LS) at two levels (R1, R2) were compared to a single level of dicyandiamide (DCD, 10 kg ha−1) in lysimeter field sites in Canterbury and the Manawatu, New Zealand. All treatments were applied as surface sprays 24 h following urine application to simulate a practical application timing in a grazed pasture. In the Canterbury site, on a stony Lismore soil the treatments were ranked in order of significance (P < 0.1) and % reduction (as indicated in the brackets) in nitrate leaching from dairy urine patches (600 kgN ha−1): DCD (63%) >> DMPP (R2, 29%), GA + LS (R2, 25%), ClO3 - (R1, 25%; R2, 23%) > DMPP (R1, 13%) >> GA + LS (R1, −18%), while in the Manawatu site with a volcanic pumice soil the rankings were: ClO3 - (R1, 41%; R2, 37%), DMPP (R2, 32%) GA + LS (R2, 15%) > DMPP(R1, 18%) >> DCD (4%), GA + LS (R1, −3%). The results showed that the efficacy of GA + LS increased with application rates while the increase in rate for the chlorate (ClO3 -) produced no further reductions in nitrate leaching.
Study of the Chemical Composition and Amtimicrobial Action of Dillenica Indica Peel, Fruit and Leaves Extracts

— The use of medicinal plants has grown over the years, this is due to the popular culture that already exists and to the increase in people's knowledge about the benefits of these plants. Dillenia indica popularly known as elephant apple or april flower is considered a medicinal plant that, according to studies, has antidepressant, antileukemic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic, antimicrobial, cytotoxic and anxiolytic properties. This factor aroused interest in obtaining extracts of this to evaluate the antimicrobial action of these extracts. To obtain the extracts, separate samples of the leaves, bark and seeds were kept in contact with ethyl acetate for 3 days with daily agitation. After this period, the extract was filtered and dried by rotary evaporation. The analysis of the chemical composition of the extracts was performed by a Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry. The antimicrobial effect of the extracts was verified by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The values of MBC and MIC of the extracts of leaves, bark and seeds against the microorganisms in question were 0.1% v/v. Employing chromatography it was possible to identify several organic acids in the three extracts of D. indica. These acids are probably the compounds responsible for the antibacterial activity shown by the studied extracts.
Improving Bees Algorithm Using
Gradual Search Space Reduction

The aim of this research is to propose a new technique to improve Bees Algorithm. Bees Algorithm is one of the well-known metaheuristic optimization method which have been subject to several attempts to improve it by overcoming some of the weaknesses. The suggested method is derived from the numerical optimization methods, namely bracketing and region elimination methods. It employs an adaption of the regional elimination method to achieve abandonment and reduction of search space within the Bees Algorithm. The utilization of the exhaustive search involves exploring the whole search space to find the optimum at equally located intervals. To assess performance, the proposed method was evaluated on twenty-four benchmark functions and two engineering problems. The acquired result indicated a statistically significant improvement.
In vitro Immuno-modulatory Activity of Aqueous Quercus infectoria Gall Extract

Immuno-modulatory entities have now become an important part in the treatment of cancer, infectious diseases and immune deficiencies. There are many local plants from which the bioactive compound can be extracted. One of the important herbal plants that attracts the attention of many researchers is Q. infectoria (manjakani). The effect of its gall extract on macrophages can enhance our knowledge on its immuno-modulatory activity. In this study, macrophages J774A.1 were treated with aqueous Q. infectoria gall extract with a concentration of 62.5, 31.25 and 15.625 ug/ml. The proliferation of the cells was studied using MTT assay after treating the cells for respectively 24, 48 and 72 h. Apart from this, the phagocytic activity was measured using a flow cytometer and the results were analyzed after 72 h of treatment. Multi-analyte ELISArray was used in the detection of cytokines with 62.5 ug/ml treated macrophages. It was observed that the proliferation of J774A.1 was greater in all concentration of treated compared to untreated macrophages. In the same way, treatment with aqueous Q. infectoria extract also showed an increased in the phagocytic activity of the macrophages. Although treating the macrophages with 62.5 ug/ml of extract increased the absorbance value in IL-2, IL-5, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-23, TGF-β and TNF-α but they are not statistically significant from untreated macrophages. Hence it could be suggested that an aqueous Q. infectoria gall extract could show some effect on the immuno-modulatory activities of macrophages. Keywords: Immuno-modulator, Quercus infectoria gall extract, macrophage
Nutritional Composition of Fish Bone Powder Extracted from Three different Fish Filleting Waste Boiling with Water and an Alkaline Media

Fish is healthy food for human, which is widely accepted as a very good source of animal protein and other elements needed for maintenance of a healthy body. The nutritional value of any food is extremely important. The nutritional composition of foods generally includes moisture, ash, lipid, protein and carbohydrate contents. Proximate analysis is the first approach for food product characterization. These food components may be of interest in the food industry for product development, quality control or regulatory purposes (Trugo, 2003).
Investigating Undercurrents of Stationarity and Growth With Long-Term Panel Data

There have been frequent calls in the literature for a more comprehensive understanding of marketing impact on long-term firm performance. Retail scanner data has been the principal source of empirical evidence in this strategic domain, but it cannot explain the behavioural shifts that underpin the sales dynamics it reports. With the availability of far larger and extended household panels, it is now possible to observe the effects of accumulating penetration on brand and category buying over many years. This type of data nevertheless presents theoretical and methodological challenges to researchers. In this article, we discuss an approach to extending established marketing theory to long-run repeat buying and then outline the inherent constraints of long-term panels. We illustrate these challenges using one-, five- and 10-year panel datasets and present a research agenda to progress explanatory theories of long-run brand building and category growth in this new but so far mostly untapped resource.
Empowered in Business or Penalised in Marriage: Experiences of Single Female Entrepreneurs in China

In China, entrepreneurship remains a non-traditional career for women, but little is known about how young single women may opt for entrepreneurship against the social penalty. This study focuses on single female entrepreneurs and finds them being stigmatised as doing inappropriate jobs and (consequently) staying single. The interviewees responded differently, by (1) coordinating their career and family formation plans to make them compatible, (2) justifying their being single based on their entrepreneurial achievements and (3) compensating for their deviance and using their economic capability to fulfil other family roles. In contrast to the ‘androcentric’ business model based on carefree agents, female entrepreneurs illustrate different forms of agency to accommodate career aspirations and family duties. Given China’s market-oriented reforms, persisting gender beliefs and the socialist legacy, this study illustrates women’s fluid and interactive agency in response to the gendered penalty in non-traditional careers.
Storage-Discharge Relationships under Forest Cover Change in Ethiopian Highlands

Detecting the impacts of forest cover changes on hydrology is challenging given uncertainties in how changes will manifest in observed streamflow. Considering changes in the rate of change of observed streamflow (e.g., recession characteristics) may offer insights to hydrological shifts driven by forest cover change that are not seen when considering absolute changes of streamflow itself. This study assesses the impacts of forest cover changes on the storage–discharge relationships in three meso-scale watersheds in the highlands of Ethiopia based on a 30-year hydro-climatic and land cover change dataset. We analyze streamflow recessions and fitted parameters of a linear reservoir model to depict fundamental shifts in the storage–discharge relation for these watersheds. Our analysis shows that recession slopes and the total storages increase as natural forest covers decrease in the 273 km2 Woshi-Dimbira and 1980 km2 Upper-Didesa watersheds. The linear reservoir model storage coefficient parameter shows an increasing trend with time for the 41 km2 Sokoru watershed which is afforested, indicating faster drainage and reduction in storage. Our work highlights that considering storage–discharge relationships may be useful for assessing the impacts of forest cover change on water resources in regions where land use change is active and rapid.
Effects of Carbon Source on the Production of Lovastatin by Aspergillus niger van Tieghem Under Submerge Fermentation

This study aimed to determine the effects of the interaction in the production of lovastatin between carbon sources (lactose, honey and glucose as the control) in four different incubation periods (3, 6, 9 and 12 days) with 1% w/v and 2% w/v concentrations. Results showed that honey was the best carbon source in producing an average concentration of 827.11 ± 382.20 μg mL-1 lovastatin. One percent (w/v) of carbon source produced 1084.00 ± 188.70 μg mL-1 of lovastatin, which is higher than the one produced at 2% (w/v) (396.30 ± 102.44 μg mL-1). Highest yield (815.82 ± 469.07 μg mL-1 ) of lovastatin was obtained on the sixth day of incubation using honey as the carbon source.
Comparison of inhibitory effects of irreversible and reversible Btk inhibitors on platelet function

All irreversible Bruton tyrosine kinase (Btk) inhibitors including ibrutinib and acalabrutinib induce platelet dysfunction and increased bleeding risk. New reversible Btk inhibitors were developed, like MK‐1026. The mechanism underlying increased bleeding tendency with Btk inhibitors remains unclear. We investigated the effects of ibrutinib, acalabrutinib and MK‐1026 on platelet function in healthy volunteers, patients and Btk‐deficient mice, together with off‐target effects on tyrosine kinase phosphorylation. All inhibitors suppressed GPVI‐ and CLEC‐2‐mediated platelet aggregation, activation and secretion in a dose‐dependent manner. Only ibrutinib inhibited thrombus formation on vWF‐co‐coated surfaces, while on collagen this was not affected. In blood from Btk‐deficient mice, collagen‐induced thrombus formation under flow was reduced, but preincubation with either inhibitor was without additional effects. MK‐1026 showed less off‐target effects upon GPVI‐induced TK phosphorylation as compared to ibrutinib and acalabrutinib. In ibrutinib‐treated patients, GPVI‐stimulated platelet activation, and adhesion on vWF‐co‐coated surfaces were inhibited, while CLEC‐2 stimulation induced variable responses. The dual inhibition of GPVI and CLEC‐2 signalling by Btk inhibitors might account for the increased bleeding tendency, with ibrutinib causing more high‐grade bleedings due to additional inhibition of platelet‐vWF interaction. As MK‐1026 showed less off‐target effects and only affected activation of isolated platelets, it might be promising for future treatment.
Total Nucleated Cell Count and CD34+ Cell is Reduced in Preeclampsia and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Pregnancies: Viable Affix Criteria for Cord Blood Banking

The aim of this study to determine the numbers of CD34+ cells and total nucleated cell (TNC) in umbilical cord blood (UCB) collected from pregnant mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia (PE), following statistical analysis of both maternal and perinatal factors which affect UCB parameters. Most of studies explored the influence of obstetric factors on the number of UCB cell collection and only a few looked at the effects on UCB haematopoietic stem cell (UCB-HSC) of common disorders complicating pregnancy. A total of 112 UCB samples (32 PE, 42 GDM and 38 non-diseased) were collected. CD34+ cell and NC count were enumerated using FACS Calibur. The TNC and CD34+ cells were significantly reduced in both PE and GDM groups as compared to the control group. The PE group shows significantly lower birth weight and higher BP which led to a lower UCB volume and CD34+ count. Gestational age shows significant correlation with nucleated cell count (NCC) and TNC. GDM group shows significantly lower systolic BP, NCC and TNC count, including low placental weight and birth weight. Conclusively, some obstetrics factors have significant influences to the numbers and quality of UCB-HSC in both PE and GDM groups, which could guide in the selection criteria for CB banking.
Association Between the Alterations in the Blood Routine Check Parameters and Cognitive Impairment in the Shenzhen Ageing-related Disorder Cohort in China

Background: Previous studies have suggested a correlation between alterations in the routine blood check markers and cognitive impairment. Objective: We aimed to explore the relationship between routine blood parameters and cognitive impairment. Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, 8,025 people over 60 years of age were enrolled from 51 community health centers in Luohu District of Shenzhen City from 2017 to 2018. According to the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score and educational level, participants were divided into a cognitive impairment group (n=385) and normal cognitive function group (n=7,640). Nonparametric test, chi-square test, and binary logistic regression were applied to analyze the data. Results: Compared to the normal cognitive function group, the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), packed-cell volume (PCV), and platelet count (PLT) in the cognitive impairment group were significantly lower (7.26 [5.50,8.81] vs. 7.45 [5.80,9.35]; 40.1 [36.65,42.95] vs. 40.5 [37.7,43.1]; 216 [190,258] vs. 228 [196,261], p<0.05, respectively), while the monocyte count and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were higher (0.31 [0.25, 0.38] vs. 0.3 [0.24, 0.37]; 336 [330, 343] vs. 335 [328, 342], p<0.05, respectively). Additionally, MCHC [odds ratio (OR):1.011, 95% conﬁdence interval (CI) :1.001–1.021, p = 0.033] and PCV [OR: 0.993, 95% CI: 0.987–0.999, p = 0.033) were independently associated with cognitive impairment. Conclusion: The alterations in some routine blood check parameters, including reduced LMR, PCV, and PLT, and elevated monocyte count and MCHC, may be associated with cognitive impairment.
Interference of Gold Nanoparticles with In vitro Endotoxin Detection Assays

Endotoxin-free engineered nanoparticle suspensions are imperative for their successful applications in the field of nanomedicine as well as in the investigations in their toxicity. Gold nanoparticles are known to interfere with various in vitro assays due to their optical properties and potential for surface reactivity. In vitro endotoxin testing assays are known to be susceptible to interference caused by the sample being tested. This study aimed to identify a preferred assay for the testing of endotoxin contamination in gold nanoparticle suspensions. The interference by gold nanoparticles on three assays namely, the commonly used limulus amebocyte lysate chromogenic assay, the limulus amebocyte lysate gel-clot method, and the less common recombinant Factor C (rFC) assay, was tested. Possible interference could be observed with all three assays. The interference with the absorbance- based chromogenic assay could not be overcome by dilution; whilst the qualitative nature of the gel-clot assay excluded the possibility of distinguishing between a false positive result due to enhancement of the sensitivity of the assay, and genuine endotoxin contamination. However, interference with the rFC assay was easily overcome through dilution. The rFC assay is recommended as an option for endotoxin contamination detection in gold nanoparticle suspensions.
Effects of the Harvest Stage of Maize Hybrids on the Chemical Composition of Plant Fractions: An Analysis of the Different Types of Silage

The chemical composition of plant components of three maize hybrids harvested at the beginning of six reproductive stages of maturity was compared. The hybrids evaluated included Maximus VIP3, Defender VIP and Feroz VIP, which were evaluated at each of following stages: R1 (grain formation), R2 (milky grain), R3 (pasty grain), R4 (floury grain), R5 (hard grain) and R6 (ripe grain). The advancement in maturation was linearly related to the crude protein (CP) content of the stem, whole plant, and leaves, and there was a difference among the hybrids. Between R4 and R5 stages, Maximus and Defender presented the highest CP contents for husk (6.58 and 5.42% for Maximus; 5.54 and 5.17% for Defender). The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of the leaves showed a quadratic relationship with the advancement of maturation but did not differ among the hybrids. For all the hybrids, the NDF content in the husk and cobs increased linearly during the reproductive stages (>77 and 78%, respectively, for the three hybrids in R6). Defender had the lowest NDF content of the cob in R3. The acid detergent lignin contents did not differ among stages in the stems, and showed a linear decrease throughout the whole plant, though the contents did not differ among the hybrids. Due to the differences observed, recommendations for harvest based on the maturity stage for each hybrid should be taken into consideration. There seems to be no important distinction among hybrids for harvesting and use of straw. Despite the reduction in grain yield, an early harvest for earlage or snaplage can provide lower lignin content in husk and cob, as well as higher protein content in the husk, favoring the nutritional value of the vegetative fraction (husk and/or cob).