Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coingestion of protein with carbohydrate during recovery from endurance exercise stimulates skeletal muscle protein synthesis in humans.

Coingestion of protein with carbohydrate (CHO) during recovery from exercise can affect muscle glycogen synthesis, particularly if CHO intake is suboptimal. Another potential benefit of protein feeding is an increased synthesis rate of muscle proteins, as is well documented after resistance exercise. In contrast, the effect of nutrient manipulation on muscle protein kinetics after aerobic exercise remains largely unexplored. We tested the hypothesis that ingesting protein with CHO after a standardized 2-h bout of cycle exercise would increase mixed muscle fractional synthetic rate (FSR) and whole body net protein balance (WBNB) vs. trials matched for total CHO or total energy intake. We also examined whether postexercise glycogen synthesis could be enhanced by adding protein or additional CHO to a feeding protocol that provided 1.2 g CHO x kg(-1) x h(-1), which is the rate generally recommended to maximize this process. Six active men ingested drinks during the first 3 h of recovery that provided either 1.2 g CHO.kg(-1). h(-1) (L-CHO), 1.2 g CHO + 0.4 g protein x kg(-1) x h(-1) (PRO-CHO), or 1.6 g CHO x kg(-1) x h(-1) (H-CHO) in random order. Based on a primed constant infusion of l-[ring-(2)H(5)]phenylalanine, analysis of biopsies (vastus lateralis) obtained at 0 and 4 h of recovery showed that muscle FSR was higher (P < 0.05) in PRO-CHO (0.09 +/- 0.01%/h) vs. both L-CHO (0.07 +/- 0.01%/h) and H-CHO (0.06 +/- 0.01%/h). WBNB assessed using [1-(13)C]leucine was positive only during PRO-CHO, and this was mainly attributable to a reduced rate of protein breakdown. Glycogen synthesis rate was not different between trials. We conclude that ingesting protein with CHO during recovery from aerobic exercise increased muscle FSR and improved WBNB, compared with feeding strategies that provided CHO only and were matched for total CHO or total energy intake. However, adding protein or additional CHO to a feeding strategy that provided 1.2 g CHO x kg(-1) x h(-1) did not further enhance glycogen resynthesis during recovery.
Effects of Particulate Matter 10 Inhalation on Lung Tissue RNA expression in a Murine Model

Background: Particulate matter 10 (PM10; airborne particles <10 μm) inhalation has been demonstrated to induce airway and lung diseases. In this study, we investigate the effects of PM10 inhalation on RNA expression in lung tissues using a murine model. Methods: Female BALB/c mice were affected with PM10, ovalbumin (OVA), or both OVA and PM10. PM10 was administered intranasally while OVA was both intraperitoneally injected and intranasally administered. Treatments occurred 4 times over a 2-week period. Two days after the final challenges, mice were sacrificed. Full RNA sequencing using lung homogenates was conducted. Results: While PM10 did not induce cell proliferation in bronchoalveolar fluid or lead to airway hyper-responsiveness, it did cause airway inflammation and lung fibrosis. Levels of interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and transforming growth factor-β in lung homogenates were significantly elevated in the PM10-treated group, compared to the control group. The PM10 group also showed increased RNA expression of Rn45a , Snord22 , Atp6v0c-ps2 , Snora28 , Snord15b , Snora70 , and Mmp12 . Generally, genes associated with RNA splicing, DNA repair, the inflammatory response, the immune response, cell death, and apoptotic processes were highly expressed in the PM10-treated group. The OVA/PM10 treatment did not produce greater effects than OVA alone. However, the OVA/PM10-treated group did show increased RNA expression of Clca1 , Snord22 , Retnla , Prg2 , Tff2 , Atp6v0c-ps2 , and Fcgbp when compared to the control groups. These genes are associated with RNA splicing, DNA repair, the inflammatory response, and the immune response. Conclusion: Inhalation of PM10 extensively altered RNA expression while also inducing cellular inflammation, fibrosis, and increased inflammatory cytokines in this murine mouse model.
The origin of the Variscan upper allochthons in the Ortegal Complex, northwestern Iberia: Sm–Nd isotopic constraints on the closure of the Rheic Ocean

Northwestern Iberia preserves a stack of allochthons in which the vestiges of a suture zone generated during the Variscan orogeny by the late Paleozoic collision between Laurussia and Gondwana are exposed. Lower allochthons contain Ordovician ophiolite (known as the Lower Ophiolite), and are structurally overlain by Devonian ophiolite (Upper Ophiolite), which are in turn structurally overlain by allochthons containing high-grade metamorphic rocks with continental affinities and Late Cambrian – Early Ordovician protolith ages (known as the Upper Units). Geochemical and Sm–Nd isotopic data from the Upper Ophiolite and the structurally overlying Upper Units exposed in the Ortegal Complex of Galicia show that these allochthons are derived from a variety of mantle and crustal sources and indicate that the suture zone juxtaposes a variety of oceanic assemblages. The general isotopic characteristics of each assemblage are similar to allochthons in other Variscan complexes in NW Iberia suggesting that the allocht.
Lymphoma in Psittacine Birds: A Histological and Immunohistochemical Assessment

In psittacine birds, round cell neoplasms that originate from lymphocytes, plasma cells, histiocytes, or mast cells are sporadic and poorly described. The lack of morphological and immunohistochemical diagnostic criteria or grading schemes make specific diagnoses and prognoses challenging. We assessed cases of psittacine birds diagnosed with round cell neoplasia from 3 North American veterinary diagnostic laboratories to describe the diagnostic features of these tumors. For all cases, demographic data, anatomic distribution, histological features, and immunoreactivity for T (CD3) and B (Pax5 and MUM-1) cell markers were assessed using tissue microarrays and whole slide mounts. Thirty-eight psittacine birds representing 14 species were included. Tumors were mainly infiltrative and multicentric, were composed of homogenous sheets of round to polygonal cells, and commonly presented with a high mitotic count (average 21 mitoses per high-power field). Based on Pax5 immunoreactivity, B-cell lymphoma was most common (19/38 [50%]), and was significantly associated with involvement of the gastrointestinal and urogenital systems. Of the 38 cases, 6 (16%) were consistent with T-cell lymphoma, 3 (8%) with plasma cell tumor, and 3 (8%) were double-reactive for both B- and T-lymphocyte markers. This is the first study to describe morphologic and immunohistochemical features of round cell neoplasia in a large number of psittacine birds, and provides benchmark data for future studies aimed at elucidating the diagnosis and prognosis of these neoplasms. These data also provide useful information about reactivity of commercially available antibodies as lymphocyte markers in tissues of multiple psittacine species.
Geographical and Temporal Variations in Thunderstorms in the Contiguous United States During the 20th Century

Annual and seasonal measures of thunderstorm-day occurrences in the contiguous United States for 1896-1995, based on data from 841 weather stations, reveal the Florida-Gulf Coast area has the maximum number of storms in all seasons with a secondary high in the central United States and a third in the southwest. Storm incidence is least along the West Coast and in the Northeast. The 100-yr. average annual storm pattern is considerably different from those in earlier studies based on fewer stations. Summer is the peak season of thunderstorm activity, although spring occurrences rank highest in the southern plains. Thunderstorms are most frequent in winter along the West Coast. The temporal distribution of thunder days during the 1896-1995 period reveals consistency with most of the nation's major areas of high and low storm incidences in each 20-yr. period. However, major temporal shifts occurred in the Great Plains and Gulf Coast. The most storm active 20-yr. period was 1936-1955, and the 1896-1915 period had the lowest frequency.
Pediatric Urology Selecting Children with Vesicoureteral Reflux Who are Most Likely to Benefit from Antibiotic Prophylaxis: Application of Machine Learning to RIVUR

Purpose: Continuous antibiotic prophylaxis reduces the risk of recurrent urinary tract infection by 50% in children with vesicoureteral reflux. However, there may be subgroups in whom continuous antibiotic prophylaxis could be used more selectively. We sought to develop a machine learning model to identify such subgroups. Materials and Methods: We used RIVUR data, randomly split into train/test in a 4:1 ratio. Two models were developed to predict recurrent urinary tract infection risk in scenario with and without continuous antibiotic prophylaxis. The test set was then used to validate recurrent urinary tract infection events and the effectiveness of continuous antibiotic prophylaxis. Predicted probabilities of recurrent urinary tract infection were generated from each model. Continuous antibiotic prophylaxis was assigned at various cutoffs of recurrent urinary tract infection risk reduction to evaluate continuous antibiotic prophylaxis effectiveness. Results: A total of 607 patients (558 female/49 male, median age 12 months) were included. Predictors included vesicoureteral reflux grade, serum creatinine, race/ gender, prior urinary tract infection symptoms (fever/dysuria) and weight percentiles. The AUC of the prediction model of recurrent urinary tract infection (continuous antibiotic prophylaxis/placebo) was 0.82 (95% CI 0.74e0.87). Using 10% recurrent urinary tract infection risk reduction cutoff, minimal recurrent urinary tract infection per population level can be achieved by giving continuous antibiotic prophylaxis to 40% of patients with vesicoureteral reflux instead of everyone. In a test set (121), 51 patients had continuous antibiotic prophylaxis randomization consistent with model recommendation (continuous antibiotic prophylaxis if recurrent urinary tract infection risk reduction >10%). Recurrent urinary tract infection incidence was significantly lower among this group compared to those whose continuous antibiotic prophylaxis assignment differed from model suggestion (7.5% vs 19.4%, p[0.037). Conclusions: Our predictive model identifies patients with vesicoureteral reflux who are more likely to benefit from continuous antibiotic prophylaxis, which would allow more selective, personalized use of continuous antibiotic prophylaxis with maximal benefit, while minimizing use in those with least need.
Healthy Nordic diet downregulates the expression of genes involved in inflammation in subcutaneous adipose tissue in individuals with features of the

Background: Previously, a healthy Nordic diet (ND) has been shown to have beneficial health effects close to those of Mediterranean diets. Objective:The objective was to explore whether the ND has an impact on gene expression in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and whether changes in gene expression are associated with clinical and biochemical effects. Design:Obese adults with features of the metabolic syndrome underwent an 18- to 24-wk randomized intervention study comparing the ND with the control diet (CD) (the SYSDIET study, carried out within Nordic Centre of Excellence of the Systems Biology in Controlled Dietary Interventions and Cohort Studies). The present study included participants from 3 Nordic SYSDIET centers (Kuopio ( n = 20), Lund ( n = 18), and Oulu ( n = 18)) with a maximum weight change of ±4 kg, highly sensitive C-reactive protein concentration <10 mg/L at the beginning and the end of the intervention, and baseline body mass index (in kg/m 2) <38. SAT biopsy specimens were obtained before and after the intervention and subjected to global transcriptome analysis with Gene 1.1 ST Arrays (Affymetrix). Results:Altogether, 128 genes were differentially expressed in SAT between the ND and CD (nominal P < 0.01; false discovery rate, 25%). These genes were overrepresented in pathways related to immune response (adjusted P = 0.0076), resulting mainly from slightly decreased expression in the ND and increased expression in the CD. Immune-related pathways included leukocyte trafficking and macrophage recruitment (e.g., interferon regulatory factor 1, CD97 ), adaptive immune response (interleukin 32 , interleukin 6 receptor), and reactive oxygen species (neutrophil cytosolic factor 1). Interestingly, the regulatory region of the 128 genes was overrepresented for binding sites for the nuclear transcription factor κB. Conclusion:A healthy Nordic diet reduces inflammatory gene expression in SAT compared with a control diet independently of body weight change in individuals with features of the metabolic syndrome. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00992641 .
Short-term Aftershock Probabilities: Case Studies in California

Motivated by the public's desire to learn as much as possible following the occurrence of damaging events, we have developed a methodology to spatially map the probability of earthquake occurrence in the next 24 hours. We start with the simple aftershock model of Reasenberg and Jones (1989, 1990, 1994): \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \[\ {\lambda}(t,M)=\frac{10^{a^{{^\prime}}+b(M\_{m}-M)}}{(t+c)^{P}},{\ }M{\geq}M\_{c}\] \end{document}(1) where λ( t, M ) is the rate of aftershocks larger than a magnitude threshold, Mc , and occurring at time t . The constants a and b are derived from the Gutenberg-Richter relationship (Gutenberg and Richter 1944), and p and c result from the modified Omori law (Ogata 1983). The fundamental approach of our model is to combine successively more detailed aftershock forecast models as additional aftershock information becomes available. We start with a static “background” model that has been derived from the 1996 U.S. Geological Survey long-term hazard maps (Frankel et al. 1997). Next, using the corrected Akaike Information Criterion (AICc) (Burnham and Anderson 2002) we combine three additional elements with the background: (1) a generic element based on the average behavior of California aftershock sequences; (2) an element based on the average behavior of the particular aftershock sequence; and (3) a spatially variable element where the aftershock behavior is mapped on a 5-km-square grid. The AICc is a likelihood-based calculation used to select the optimal among multiple models. The calculation takes into account the number of free parameters as well as the amount of observed data; a model with more free parameters must fit the data better than models with fewer parameters to be preferred in the final scoring. Additionally, we do not wish to force only a single model to be selected; therefore AIC weighting is used where a relative weight is derived for each model based on its AICc score, …
Ultrathin (60 µm), ultralong (≥40 mm) sirolimus-eluting stent: study of clinical and safety profiles among real-world patients

more flexible design are easily obtainable, data regarding using ultralong DES (≥40 mm) for long coronary lesions are limited in the literature. Therefore, the current study assessed the safety and efficacy of an ultralong (≥40 mm) and ultrathin (60 µm) biodegradable polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting stent (SES), Supralimus Grace, with a unique Long Dual Z-link (LDZ-link) design (Sahajanand Pvt. India) in real-world patients with long coronary lesions. Methods: The assigned stents were implanted in 684 patients. The primary endpoint was target lesion failure (TLF), which is a composite of cardiovascular death, target vessel myocardial infarction (MI), and target lesion revascularization (TLR), whereas periprocedural secondary endpoints included device failure (failure of stent delivery, change of stent, and stent fracture) and patient-oriented composite endpoint (POCE), which is a composite of all deaths, any MI, and any revascularization, and stent thrombosis (ST). These outcomes were analyzed at one-year follow-up and during the procedure. Results: The patients’ mean age was 52.7±15.9 years; 537 (78.5%) were males. 626 (91.5%) patients suffered from acute coronary syndrome and 58 (8.5%) patients from chronic coronary syndrome (CSS). 989 lesions were removed. The mean numbers of lesions and stents implanted per patient were 1.3±0.2 mm and 1.4±0.3 mm, respectively. TLF occurred in 42 (6.1%) as a result of cardiac death, target vessel MI, and TLR in 9 (1.3%), 20 (2.9%), and 13 (1.9%) patients, respectively. POCE was observed in 131 patients (19.1%) at one-year follow-up, mainly in 63 (9.2%) patients because of any revascularization. Stent failure was seen in 21 patients (3.1%) as a result of delivery failure (2.2%), edge dissection (0.8%), and fracture (0.1%). Definite and probable ST were observed in 8 (1.1%) and 9 (1.3%) patients, respectively. Conclusion: Ultralong (≥40 mm), ultrathin (60 µm) Supralimus Grace stent can be safely implanted in vessels having long and multiple lesions.
GROUP HOME LOCATION AND HOST NEIGHBORHOOD ATTRIBUTES: AN ECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS

This paper investigates the characteristics of areas with numerous group homes (residential care facilities) that cater to a variety of user groups. An overview of patterns of locational concentration precedes the results of an ecological analysis for the Minor Planning Districts of the City of Toronto. The pattern of ecological correlates among the three group home types analyzed supports results obtained elsewhere, but cautions against inferring ecological associations identified for one sort of facility to other facility types, The conclusion questions the suitability of present areas of locational concentration of group homes as host environments.
Structure of an island‐arc: Wide‐angle seismic studies in the eastern Aleutian Islands, Alaska

New seismic wide-angle data from the eastern Aleutian Islands show a mafic composition and a 30-km-thick island-arc crust. Traveltimes of P and S refracted arrivals and prominent crustal and mantle reflectors observed to offsets of over 300 km were used to derive velocity models for the eastern Aleutian Arc between the islands of Atka and Unimak using a three-dimensional finite difference modeling and tomography code. We interpret the highest crustal P wave velocities of 7.2–7.4 km/s between about 12 and about 22 km depth to the south and north of the main volcanic line as remainders of preexisting oceanic crust into which arc magma is intruded. Apart from the pieces of oceanic crust, the velocities suggest an overall mafic composition for the arc, composed mainly of metabasalts, diorite and diabase in the upper crust, and garnet-granulite or amphibolite-to-hornblendite in the lower crust. Reflected arrivals from the subducting Pacific plate at depths of 45–55 km beneath the fore-arc, together with Pn, show a mantle wedge with P wave velocities as low as 7.4 km/s, increasing with depth to about 8.1 km/s with an average of about 7.7 km/s. A mantle composition that grades from mainly pyroxenite (probably ultramafic cumulates) near the Moho to dunite at greater depths best explains these observed velocities.
Distribution of deep-sea benthic foraminifera in the Neogene of Blake Ridge, NW Atlantic Ocean

This study describes and illustrates the evolution of deep-sea benthic foraminifera from the Blake Ridge during the late Neogene. In total, 305 species of benthic foraminifera belonging to 107 genera were identified. The Blake Ridge receives fine-grained nannofossil-bearing hemipelagic sediments, transported from the Canadian continental margin by the Deep Western Boundary Undercurrent (DWBUC). We thus presume that changes in benthic foraminifera at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) sites 991A, 994C, 995A and B and 997A reflect mainly changes in the intensity of the DWBUC, which is closely related to North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) production. However, the dominance of Uvigerina peregrina, U. proboscidea and Cassidulina carinata during the late Miocene in all the holes suggests an increased influence of Southern Component Waters in the Blake Ridge region. During the early Pliocene (4.8–2.8 Ma) in all the sites benthic faunal assemblages suggest that there was an increased transport of organic-rich sediments by the DWBUC from the Canadian margin to the Blake Ridge, driven by increased production of NADW. During this time the species diversity (Sanders' rarefied values) was low. In the younger interval (since 2.8 Ma), the faunal data suggest less transport of organic-rich sediments to the Blake Ridge, which appears to be related to weakening of the DWBUC during cold intervals. An increase in species diversity at 3 Ma probably resulted from decreased population of bacteria due to low organic matter and/or less competition. In the late Pleistocene (c. 0.6 Ma), Stilostomella lepidula became extinct in all the studied holes, suggesting that this species may have possessed a mode of feeding which no longer existed in the cold, well-oxygenated oceans of the present. Supplementary material: Relative abundances of important benthic foraminifera and Sanders' rarefied values used in this study from ODP Holes 991A, 994C, 995A, 995B and 997A, Blake Ridge, NW Atlantic Ocean are available at: http://www.geolsoc. org.uk/SUP18457
Pose estimation of non-cooperative spacecraft based on collaboration of space-ground and rectangle feature

In space attack and defense, on-orbital servicing, pose estimation of unknown (non-cooperative) spacecrafts is one of the most important conditions when taking the attack, defense and servicing measures. However, as for non-cooperative spacecrafts, the imaging characteristics of the features and the geometric constraints among the features are unknown, it is almost impossible to achieve target extraction, recognition, tracking, and pose solving automatically. To solve this technical problem, the paper proposes a method to determine the pose of non-cooperative spacecrafts based on collaboration of space-ground and rectangle feature. It employs a camera and rectangular features to achieve these operations above mentioned automatically. Experimental results indicate that both the position errors and the attitude errors satisfy the requirements of pose estimation during the tracking, approaching and flying round the non-cooperative spacecraft. The method provides a new solution for pose estimation of the non-cooperative target, and has potential significance for space-based attack and defense and on-orbital servicing.
Effectiveness of an energy specialist and extension agents in promoting summer energy conservation by home visits

This summer project focused on lower-income consumers (N = 52 households) living in Section Eight, all-electric apartments that were dispersed around the city of Roanoke, Virginia. It extended prior work by attempting to develop and evaluate a simple way to promote energy savings for apartment dwellers. The effectiveness of extension agents and a trained energy specialist in delivering the interventions by home visits was compared. The results indicated that relative to prior baseline use and control groups, the technician and extension groups reduced electricity use by about 21%; on warm days use was reduced by about 24%, while on cooler days, electricity was reduced by about 9%. The technician and extension groups performed about the same, although the technician group showed a somewhat more consistent and enduring response.