Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship of grain micronutrient concentrations and grain yield components in a doubled haploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) population

Abstract. Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important cereal crop that provides >20% of the global calorie intake. Bread wheat contains micronutrients, and thus plays a significant role in nutritional and food securities especially in developing countries. However, its grains are inherently deficient in some micronutrients, particularly iron and zinc, which makes them important biofortification targets. Our objective was to investigate variations in micronutrients and their relationship with grain yield components in wheat under four environments in South Africa. A population of 139 doubled haploid lines derived from a cross between cvv. Tugela-DN and Elands was phenotyped for grain iron and grain zinc concentrations and grain yield components. Heat and drought conditions at Arlington resulted in higher grain zinc concentrations and lower yield component traits; the opposite trend was observed at Bethlehem and Harrismith for both micronutrients and yield components. All traits showed transgressive segregation. Grain iron and zinc concentrations were significantly positively correlated in all four environments. The correlations between these minerals and yield components were inconsistent and ranged from significant to insignificant depending on the environment, indicating that this relationship is non-genetic. The results demonstrate that biofortification of both grain iron and grain zinc can be included as part of the breeding objectives and will not necessarily have adverse relationships with grain yield components.
AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR AND SUICIDE PROBABILITY IN ADOLESCENT MALES

Background: Aggressive behavior and probability of suicide in adolescents are increased in last decades this affects most communities in our world increasing and socio-economic burden and stress health care facilities. Objective: To compare suicide probability and aggressive behavior in rural and urban areas and relation between probability of suicide and aggressive behavior in adolescents. Patients and Methods: Total sample of this study was 295 male student,105 student from Zorkan secondary school at Zorkan Village, Tala Center, El-Menofeya Governorate and 190 students from Khalil Agha secondary school in Bab El-Sheria Cairo Governorate selected in random manner. All participants were subjected to suicide probability scale, semi-structured clinical psychiatric interview and socioeconomic standard form during the period from December 2019 to April 2020. Results: This study revealed that there was a high suicide risk in the sample divided into three groups: group of mild risk (46.1%), group of moderate risk (25.1%) and group of sever risk (11.9%), Suicide risk increased in urban sample than rural sample in statistical significant degree, There was a positive correlation between suicide risk and aggressive behavior in statistical significant degree, Prevalence of psychiatric disorders was(11.53%) in the total sample, (11.58%) in urban sample and (11.435%) in rural sample, Prevalence of depression in rural sample was (8.57%) and (7.89%) in urban sample while prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder in rural sample was (2.86%) and in urban sample was (2.635%), Prevalence of obsessive- compulsive disorder in urban sample was (1.05%) and no cases in rural sample, there was a positive correlation between suicide probability, aggressive behavior and psychiatric morbidity in a significant degree in the sample as a whole. Conclusion: Suicide probability and aggression in adolescents was increased in urban areas in Egypt than in rural areas also the increasing rate of aggressive behavior increased the rate of probability of suicide in adolescents.
Modeling Changes in Connectivity at U.S. Airports: A Small Community Perspective

second in a series of papers written under the umbrella of the MIT Small Community Air Service White Paper series. The aim of the paper series is to examine and analyze the past, current, and anticipated future trends of small community air service in the United States. The series is intended for a general audience of airline and airport executives, aviation policy makers, the news media, and anyone with an interest in the availability of commercial air service at the nation's smaller airports. The authors of this paper series hope that these reports will serve to inform the policy debate with relevant and accurate statistical analysis, such that those responsible for deciding the future of small community air service will do so armed with factual basis for their actions. The authors of the MIT Small Community Air Service White Paper series are members of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's International Center for Air Transportation, one of the nation's premier centers for aviation, airline, and airport research. Financial support for study authors has been provided in part by the MIT Airline Industry Consortium, an interdisciplinary group of airlines, airport councils, manufacturers, suppliers, policy makers, and advocacy groups dedicated to improving the state of the practice of air transportation research in the United States. However, any views or analyses presented in this and all future reports are the sole opinions of the authors and do not reflect the positions of MIT Airline Industry Consortium members or MIT. Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank Peter Belobaba and the members of the MIT Airline Industry Consortium for their helpful comments and suggestions during the completion of this study. As the pace of globalization has increased in recent years, commercial air service that provides connections to the global air transportation network has become increasingly important for economic, social, and demographic reasons. While air connectivity is important for communities of all sizes, research has suggested that small communities can obtain significant economic benefits from well-connected commercial air service (Button et al. 2010, Mukkala and Tervo 2012, Kanafani and Abbas 1987). However, recent work (Wittman and Swelbar 2013) has shown that small-and mid-sized airports have been disproportionally affected by cuts in commercial air service in the U.S. over the past six years. There is currently no industry-standard metric to assess an airport's connection to the global air transportation system. This creates challenges for airport managers and policy-makers …
Anaerobic Bioconversion of Heavy Hydrocarbons Using Native Consortia

This research work is concerned with the bioconversion of a heavy hydrocarbon cut from a petroleum refinery using native anaerobic consortia. The heavy cut is taken from one of the end-cuts of the vacuum distillation column of Tehran refinery which is normally fed into Isomax unit (a catalytic cracking process) called Isofeed. The consortia for this study were prepared from the petroleum-contaminated sludge and soils from Abadan, Shiraz, Isfahan and Tehran petroleum refineries of Iran. Nine microbial samples were collected (A, B, C,and I) and examined. Microorganisms were cultivated in an anaerobic medium to which Isofeed from Tehran refinery was added under anaerobic conditions. After twice sub-culturing the samples, the oil was separated from the liquid and examined to identify its bioconversion extent. For this purpose, a column chromatograph method was used to separate saturates, aromatics and resins content of the oil. The results demonstrate that consortia A and C were able to increase the saturated and aromatics fractions of the oil and reduce the resins content of the oil. The saturated fractions of the bio-treated oil were also analyzed by a GC-MS analytical instrument. The GC-MS results revealed that the amount of normal chain hydrocarbons are reduced and the branched and cyclic hydrocarbons are increased.
High-responsivity and high-speed evanescently-coupled avalanche photodiodes

Evanescently-coupled avalanche photodiodes utilising a planar short multimode waveguide are demonstrated. These devices exhibit high responsivity (>0.62 A/W at unit gain) with polarisation dependence less than 0.5 dB, broad bandwidth (34.8 GHz at low gain) and 160 GHz gain-bandwidth product.
Investments and growth: an analysis of the effects of public and private investment in the economies of Cameroon and Ivory Coast

The objective of this article is to highlight the extent of the crowding out and spillover effects of public investments in Ivory coast and Cameroon on the one hand, then the contributions of the latter and of private investments to the growth of these two economies on the other hand. To do that the decomposition of Hodrick-Prescott by WDI (2019) data, to show the presence of crowding in the short term, in both savings through the cyclic component, with higher amplitude at Cameroon. The trend component makes it possible to identify the spillover effects of public investment on private investment. Moreover, to take account of these com behaviors different investments dynamics short and long terms, the error correction model was mobilized to show that are impacts directs individuals public investment and of private investment on economic growth are positive, with greater awareness in Cameroon than in Ivory coast. This is probably due to the consequences of the effect of crowding out public investment on private investment, stronger in Cameroon that e n Ivory Coast.
Cognition and Safety: An Integrated Approach to Systems Design and Assessment

are designed, assessed and innovated throughout time. Sträter addresses the gap between the design of safety systems, on the one hand, and operation, on the other. Methods and models for human behavior in design focus on system workload or situational awareness, while operation relates to human error. A homogeneous approach towards notions like human error, workload and situational awareness is aimed at being integrated in this book by making use of existing knowledge of human cognition without, as the author claims, ‘reinventing the wheel’.
Very high sensor-density multiplexing using a wavelength-to-time domain reflectometry approach based on a rapidly swept akinetic laser

We demonstrate a scheme for the interrogation of arrays of FBG sensors based on a Swept Laser Distributed Sensing system which can achieve 1000 sensors or more in a single fiber, while retaining the sensitivity and repeatability expected with FBG sensors of better than 0.5 μepsilon and 0.05 C. The system utilizes an ‘akinetic’ wavelength swept source and an arrival time-dependent detection approach to allow potentially 1000s of very low reflectivity FBGs to be monitored via a form of Wavelength-to-Time Domain Reflectometry. We demonstrate the interrogation of 250 gratings in a system architecture designed to support 1000 gratings.
High performance accelerators for deep neural networks: A review

The availability of huge structured and unstructured data, advanced highly dense memory and high performance computing machines have provided a strong push for the development in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) domains. AI and machine learning has rekindled the hope of efficiently solving complex problems which was not possible in the recent past. The generation and availability of big‐data is a strong driving force for the development of AI/ML applications, however, several challenges need to be addressed, like processing speed, memory requirement, high bandwidth, low latency memory access, and highly conductive and flexible connections between processing units and memory blocks. The conventional computing platforms are unable to address these issues with machine learning and AI. Deep neural networks (DNNs) are widely employed for machine learning and AI applications, like speech recognition, computer vison, robotics, and so forth, efficiently and accurately. However, accuracy is achieved at the cost of high computational complexity, sacrificing energy efficiency and throughput like performance measuring parameters along with high latency. To address the problems of latency, energy efficiency, complexity, power consumption, and so forth, a lot of state of the art DNN accelerators have been designed and implemented in the form of application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). This work provides the state of the art of all these DNN accelerators which have been developed recently. Various DNN architectures, their computing units, emerging technologies used in improving the performance of DNN accelerators will be discussed. Finally, we will try to explore the scope for further improvement in these accelerator designs, various opportunities and challenges for the future research.
Study of the Mechanical and Thermodynamic Properties on NiAl and Ni3Al

The stuctural, elastic and thermodynamic properties of B2-NiAl and L12-Ni3Al intermetallic compounds are systemically investigated. Using a first principle pseudopotential plane-wave method, several basic mechanical parameters of B2-NiAl and L12-Ni3Al crystals, such as the equilibrium volume, the bulk modulus, the elastic constants, the Zener anisotropy factor, the Poisson’s ratio, the Young’s modulus and isotropic shear modulus are firstly calculated. And then the temperature dependence of the equilibrium volume, the bulk modulus, the thermal expansion coefficient, the heat capacity, the Debye temperature and the Grüneisen parameter are further evaluated in the framework of a quasi-harmonic Debye model. Finally, a special attention is paied on the mutual influence of pressure and temperature on mechenical and thermodynanic properties of B2-NiAl and L12-Ni3Al intermetallic compounds in the range of 0-20 GPa and 0-1000 K.
The Correlation between Social Justice Leadership and Student Alienation

Purpose This study aimed to investigate the correlation between social justice leadership levels of school principals and school alienation levels of students in Turkey. Furthermore, it investigated the students’ perceptions about social justice leadership and alienation from school and whether there were significant differences based on gender, socioeconomic status and student grade levels. Research Methods The study sample included 493 high school students assigned with the cluster sampling method. The “Social Justice Leadership Scale” and “Student Alienation Scale” were used in the study to collect the data. Descriptive statistical analysis, t-test, one-way analysis of variance, correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted to analyze the data. Findings It was determined that there were significant differences between student perceptions on school alienation and social justice leadership of school principals based on the school's socioeconomic level, and the student's gender and grade level. There was a significant negative correlation between school alienation and social justice leadership. It was found that social justice leadership was a significant predictor of alienation from school and explained about 23% of the total variance in alienation from school. Implications Based on the study findings, it was concluded that exhibition of social justice leadership behavior by school principals decreased school alienation levels among the students. The level of school alienation of the students attending schools where principals exhibit social justice leadership behavior is expected to be lower.
The Negative Phase of the Blast Load

Following the positive phase of a blast comes a period where the pressure falls below atmospheric pressure known as the negative phase. Whilst the positive phase of the blast is well understood, validation of the negative phase is rare in the literature, and as such it is often incorrectly treated or neglected altogether. Herein, existing methods of approximating the negative phase are summarised and recommendations of which form to use are made based on experimental validation. Also, through numerical simulations, the impact of incorrectly modelling the negative phase has been shown and its implications discussed.
Conservation and Restoration of Ceramics

Part 1: The Technology of ceramics The deterioration of ceramics Prevention care of ceramics Examination and Recording. Part 2: The development of ceramics conservation Removal of previous restoration materials Cleaning Reinforcement and consolidation Bonding Replacement of lost material Retouching: the theory Retouching: the practice. Part 3: planning and equipping the studio Materials for ceramics conservation. Part 4: Displaying and mounting ceramics Emergency procedures. Appendices.
Comparing algorithms for point cloud registration for accurately locating rod intersections for robot action

(150-250 words, currently 143) In this paper we test 15 point-cloud registration algorithms (including four iterative closest point (ICP) and three coherent point drift (CPD) variants) to find which ones give least registration error and are fastest for our use case: detecting the intersection point between two rods for an industrial robot application. The algorithms are all in common use. The data comprises both real and simulation-adjusted images of approximately perpendicular metal rods taken from different angles. The most accurate algorithms of those tested were CPD-affine and CPD-rigid, but they were both rather slow. SVR-rigid (support vector regression) was almost as accurate and considerably faster. Accuracy is much more important than speed for our application, as the time taken for matching is always significantly shorter than the time required for the robot to act. Further investigation is needed before the final "best" algorithm can be chosen.
Preparation and Gas Separation Performance of Polysulfone Mixed Matrix Membrane

As an economical, environmentally friendly, and highly efficient separation technology, membrane separation is a popular research topic in the field of separation. Organic polymer materials have attracted considerable attention in membrane separation because of their controllable preparation processes, simple modification method, and high toughness. Taking polysulfone (PSF) as the substrate of gas separation membrane, we prepared the mixed matrix membrane jointly by using the solution casting method and by adding graphene oxide (GO) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). On this basis, the permeability of the membrane for CO2 and N2 and the permeability coefficient of the mixed gas were studied. With the addition of CNTs and GO, the permeability of gas was significantly improved. At 0.2 MPa, permeability of CO2 increased from 553 Barrer to 975 Barrer, and permeability of N2 increased from 536 Barrer to 745 Barrer. The max ideal separation coefficient of CO2 and N2 is 1.94 at 0.1 MPa. Increasing of the content of carbon nanotubes can significantly improve the permeability coefficient of CO2, while the change of inlet side pressure has a great impact on the permeability coefficient of N2. At 0.1 MPa, when the ratio of CNTs to GO was 5 : 1, the ideal permeability coefficient of CO2/N2 was 1.94, whereas the ideal permeability coefficient of PSF membrane was 1.46. The above results of PSF/GO/CNT mixed matrix membrane lay a theoretical foundation for industrial application.
Evaluation of county-level poverty alleviation progress by deep learning and satellite observations

ABSTRACT Poverty alleviation is one of the greatest challenges faced by low-income and middle-income countries. China, which had the largest rural poverty-stricken population, has made tremendous efforts in alleviating poverty especially since the implementation of the targeted poverty alleviation (TPA) policy in 2014, and by 2020, all national poverty-stricken counties (NPCs) have been out of poverty. This study combines deep learning with multiple satellite datasets to estimate county-level economic development from 2008 to 2019 and assess the effect of the TPA policy for 592 national poverty-stricken counties (NPCs) at country, provincial and county levels. Per capita gross domestic product (GDP) is used to measure the affluence level. From 2014 through 2019, the 592 NPCs experience an average growth rate of per capita GDP at 7.6%±0.4%, higher than the average growth rate of 310 adjacent non-NPC counties (7.3%±0.4%) and of the whole country (6.3%). We also reveal 42 counties with weak growth recently and that the average affluence level of the NPCs in 2019 is still much lower than the national or provincial averages. The inexpensive, timely and accurate method proposed here can be applied to other low-income and middle-income countries for affluence assessment.
A participatory modelling approach to support integrated sustainability assessment processes

Several authors have described the usefulness of participatory system dynamics approaches in environmental decision-making processes, particularly in supporting problem scoping and policy analysis. This paper explores how these approaches may be expanded to provide a coherent, deliberative platform, which structures Integrated Sustainability Assessments (ISA) of policy proposals. The proposed ISA framework forms a five-stage feedback and learning process including scoping, visioning, model building, simulation/assessment and monitoring. We discuss these elements considering a set of best practice principles for participation in environmental assessment and decision making. Subsequently, we lay out a roadmap for implementing and testing the framework. We conclude that participatory modelling has a strong potential for supporting ISA processes. It allows stakeholders to build alternative policies, to reflect on their long-term dynamics, and to gain insights on the interrelationships underlying persistent sustainability problems. Copyright # 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A finite element model of the rat brain for injury investigation

Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) constitute a significant portion of all injuries occurring as a result of automotive, sports and domestic accidents. To determine the physiological and mechanical factors inducing TBI, experiments on animals have been used over the past few years. It has been inferred that angular accelerations are a main cause for such injuries as diffuse axonal injuries. However, studies concerning the accurate biomechanics of the mild TBI are still scarce. In order to improve knowledge on TBI, a finite element model (FEM) of the rat’s brain was developed in this study. The short-term aim of this model is to numerically reconstruct mechanical impacts which were generated by real experiments on rat’s heads. As a consequence, the influence of the material parameters of the FEM is a crucial point; thus, parametric studies were led on them. The long-term goal of the FEM of the rat’s head is to determine TBI mechanisms and tissue tolerance limits. This will be achieved by comparing injuries observed in experimental cases on the one hand, and mechanical results extracted from the FEM on the other hand.
A Study on Concentrating Photovoltaic Module with Plate Structure

This study aims to investigate a new structure for a concentrating photovoltaic (PV) module using a III-V compound semiconductor solar cellto solve the problems of existing concentrating PV modules and to explore a concentrating optical system with a flat structure, which shows remarkable advantages in terms of manufacturing cost, installation, and maintenance. This study should greatly contribute toward the development of concentrating PV modules. This study was performed to achieve an improvement in efficiency and economy and to implement an actual product. A new source of renewable energy is the only way in which countries that cannot produce oil can even emerge as an energy power. Therefore, this work can serve as a fundamental study that will help South Korea grow into a country that is a PV power generation force.