Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Radar‐Derived Snowfall Microphysical Properties at Davis, Antarctica

Antarctic precipitation remains poorly characterized and understood, especially within the boundary layer. This is due in part to a still‐limited amount of surface‐based remote sensing observations. A suite of cloud and precipitation remote‐sensing instruments including a W‐band cloud radar and a K‐band Micro Rain Radar (MRR) were used to characterize snowfall over Davis (69°S, 78°E). Surface snowfall events occurred when boundary layer wind speeds were weaker, temperatures were warmer, and relative humidity over ice higher than when virga were present. The presence of virga is associated with Föhn winds due to the location of Davis in the lee of an ice ridgeline. Dual wavelength ratio values from the summer indicate particle aggregation at temperatures of −14° to −10°C, consistent with observations made elsewhere, including in the Arctic. Riming frequency increases for temperatures above −10°C and reaches 6.5% at −3°C. No temperature dependence of rime mass fraction was found. Sublimation of snowfall mass aloft was 50% between the snow peak at 1.2 km and 205 m altitude, which occurs within CloudSat’s “blind zone. ” Given the common prevailing wind direction and numerous ice ridgelines along much of the East Antarctic coastline, these Davis results can be used as a basis to further understand snowfall across the Antarctic region.
Tides and Currents of Kamag Bay in July-August 1994

Tides at both of northern and southern entrances of Kamag Bay were compared by deploying tide gauges for 18 days during July-August 1994. To examine the response of the inner bay to the tidal waves through both entrances, a current meter was moored at the eastern pan of the inner bay. Current meter mooring failed at the northern entrance (Yosu) while the current data was collected for only 5 days at the southern site (Songdo). Maximum range was 357 and 352 cm at Yosu and Songdo, respectively. Respective amplitudes for M2, S2 Kl O1 tides of 95.5, 48.8, 20.5, 14.0cm at Yosu and 93.6, 47.2, 21.3, 13.1cm at Songdo yielded the form numbers of 0.23 and 0.24, respectively, both of which belong to the predominantly semidiurnal tide, Contributions from the overtides and compound tides were less than at both sites. Differences in Greenwich phase of major partial tides between two sites were negligible. Maximum speed of tidal current was about 100cm/sec at the southern entrance and about 40cm/sec at the inner bay. Residual current speed was 17cm/sec southwestward at the southern entrance and 0.9cm/sec southeastward at the inner bay. Temporal change in current at the inner bay showed that the wind had a significant influence upon the circulation in Kamag Bay.
Les oothèques des criquets du Sahel

Pour plus d'une trentaine d'especes acridiennes recouvrant la majorite des criquets nuisibles, le lecteur dispose dans cet ouvrage, sous forme de fiches specifiques abondamment illustrees, d'un ensemble de caracteres accessibles visuellement pour l'aider a reconnaitre l'espece a laquelle appartient l'ootheque. Outre l'aspect informatif aborde avec la description des differentes composantes du tegument de l'oeuf, des ennemis naturels et de leur impact sur la population embryonnaire, les auteurs se sont attaches a developper une strategie ou a indiquer les elements logistiques necessaires pour organiser methodiquement les campagnes de recherche d'ootheques. Des fiches descriptives du biotope et du materiel biologique recolte sont ainsi proposees afin d'homogeneiser les donnees collectees et de rationaliser ensuite leur exploitation
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE-FILLED FRP TUBE CYLINDERS SUBJECTED TO FIRE

Concrete-filled fiber reinforced polymer tubes (CFFTs) are becoming an attractive system for many different structural applications, such as piles, columns, and piers. However, many engineers are hesitant to use FRPs in structure because of the lack of knowledge of their behavior when they are subjected to fire. This study presents test results of thirteen CFFT cylinders with tube thickness ranges from 1.9 to 4.3 mm subjected to direct fire for periods ranges from 2 to 15 minutes and compared to reference confined and unconfined concrete cylinder. The tubes are composed of filament wound E-class fiber immersed in polyester resin. The test results show almost no losses in compressive strength for 2 minutes burning period for all tested tube thicknesses. By increasing the burning period to 15 minutes, the residual compressive strength significantly deteriorated to 44%, 56%, and 74% of the referenced strength for the unburned tubes with thickness 1.9, 3.7, 4.3 mm, respectively. Further investigation and observations were recorded for the surface condition after exposure to fire.
Ayurveda and Allopathic Therapeutic Strategies in Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura: An Overview

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is characterized by immunologic destruction of platelets and normal/enlarged megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. ITP is broken down into acute and chronic variants. Acute forms cause significant bleeding, whereas chronic forms develop slowly and exhibit minimal to no symptoms. Body makes antibodies that are directed against its own platelets, which can lead to internal bleeding, thrombocytopenic purpura, and petechiae. Immunosuppressants, thrombopoietin receptor agonists, corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulins, anti-D immunoglobulin, rituximab, and splenectomy are among the treatments for chronic ITP. Around two thirds of patients benefit from existing treatments; however, some sufferers are resistant to them or do not respond to them over the long term. According to Ayurveda scriptures, ITP is related to Tiryaga Raktapitta because all of the Doshas are vitiated, flowing in the blood and manifesting subcutaneously.
A compact and rugged hyperspectral camera for remote sensing based on FT spectroscopy

Spectral imaging is a method to acquire the spectrum of the light for each point in the image of a scene. By combining classical imaging with Fourier-transform spectrometry it is possible to acquire hyperspectral images with higher spectral accuracy and lower times compared to standard dispersive optical systems. The technique is based on interferometry and is hence technically challenging as it requires to generate field replicas with delay controlled within a small fraction (1/100 or better) of the optical cycle. Standard FT spectrometers are heavy, cumbersome and too sensitive to mechanical and thermal perturbations for use in portable devices or for deployment in space applications. Here we propose and experimentally validate a compact FT-based hyperspectral camera, in which the FT module is an innovative ultra-stable birefringent common-path interferometer (the Translating-Wedge-Based Identical Pulses eNcoding System, TWINS). TWINS has intrinsic interferometric stability, it is lightweight and is ultracompact, making our FT-based hyperspectral camera an ideal device for portable on-field and spaceborne applications. Our prototype camera is able to measure absolute reflectance and fluorescence with very high spectral accuracy in the visible and near-infrared spectral range and can be extended to the spectroscopically rich thermal infrared range (3 mu;m to 14 μm) using suitable birefringent materials and detectors. We present some examples of application in the visible and TIR ranges.
Knockdown of PHLDA1 alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by downregulating NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the regulatory mechanism of pleckstrin homology-like domain, family A, member 1 (PHLDA1) in sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). METHOD Mice model of sepsis were established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The expression of PHLDA1 was reduced by injecting short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-PHLDA1 into the tail vein. The levels of PHLDA1, pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β, IL-18, super-oxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH), molecular mechanism related to pyroptosis, such as caspase 1, adaptor apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), and gasdermin D (GSDMD)-N, and nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) were tested by Western blot analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay. Pathological changes in lung tissues were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Wet-dry weight ratio of lung tissues was observed. RESULTS The expression of PHLDA1 was up-regulated in lung tissues from CLP-induced septic mice. Knockdown of PHLDA1 could reduce lung injury and wet-dry weight ratio in mice with sepsis-induced ALI. Moreover, silencing of PHLDA1 decreased the expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-18, IL-6, and MDA but increased SOD and GSH expressions in CLP-induced septic mice. The expressions of NLRP3, GSDMD-N, ASC, and caspase 1 were decreased by PHLDA1 silencing. CONCLUSION Knockdown of PHLDA1 inhibited lung inflammation and pyroptosis in mice with sepsis-induced ALI by down-regulating NLRP3.
Improved Multi-Sensor Fusion Positioning System Based on GNSS/LiDAR/Vision/IMU With Semi-Tight Coupling and Graph Optimization in GNSS Challenging Environments

With the development of autonomous driving, precise positioning capabilities are becoming increasingly important. GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) is normally utilized for vehicle positioning, but is susceptible to factors such as urban canyons, especially in increasingly urbanized scenario nowadays. The interpretation of relative positioning information by means of multi-source sensors such as LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) or camera, has also been widely investigated, but there are deficiencies in the precision and reliability of the sensors due to their operating principles. For GNSS challenging environments, we give a semi-tightly coupled sensor fusion system based on factor graph optimization. The system is tightly coupled with the raw observations from the LiDAR, camera, and inertial measurement unit. Based on this, the back end is optimized by means of the factor graphs, which ultimately give optimized positional information of the vehicle, and the GNSS sensor is decoded to reduce the cumulative error, which is regarded as the loosely coupled component of graph optimization. We selected three representative datasets from publicly available datasets in different categories and conducted experiments respectively. The results indicate that this semi-tightly coupled system outperforms both the GNSS strategy and the typical SLAM (Simultaneous Localization And Mapping) strategies in terms of precision and possesses very high reliability, exhibiting the best performance.
Do free schools create “competitive threats”? The perceptions of neighbouring schools

A central policy claim for opening free schools in England was that these new schools would create competitive threats that incentivise nearby schools to improve. Where comparable policies have been pursued, notably charter schools in America, research has often measured competitive e ﬀ ects quantitatively. The perceptions of local actors assumed to experience competition can be overlooked. Responding, this article develops the ﬁ rst qualitative analysis of a sample of 28 schools neighbouring 14 free schools. The analysis evidences the importance of market contexts, with perceived competition mediated by supply and demand for places, choice geographies and school status hierarchies. Resulting diversity does not support simplistic assumptions nearby schools perceive competition or respond by seeking to improve. Just under half the schools studied perceived free schools created few competitive threats. Where competition was perceived, headteachers reported taking actions on promotion and national performance indicators, but rarely classroom practices. Where competition was strongest, headteachers reported intensive social selection, with free schools perceived to increase inequalities. The in ﬂ uence of school status on competitive logics of action was also revealed. Unequal material and symbolic resources a ﬀ orded by status positioning informed headteachers ’ perceptions of their relative capacity for e ﬀ ective action. Nine ideal types of logics of action are outlined, identifying how the context of competition and a school ’ s status in ﬂ uenced orientations to action. These logics are shown to be important in how intensive competition increased socio-economic inequalities by concentrating the negative e ﬀ ects of opening free schools, where these existed, in lower status schools serving more disadvantaged students.
Role of the tumor microenvironment in the lymphatic metastasis of cervical cancer (Review)

Lymphatic metastasis is the primary type of cervical cancer metastasis and is associated with an extremely poor prognosis in patients. The tumor microenvironment primarily includes cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, immune and inflammatory cells, and blood and lymphatic vascular networks, which can promote the establishment of lymphatic metastatic sites within immunosuppressive microenvironments or promote lymphatic metastasis by stimulating lymphangiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. As the most important feature of the tumor microenvironment, hypoxia plays an essential role in lymph node metastasis. In this review, the known mechanisms of hypoxia, and the involvement of stromal components and immune inflammatory cells in the tumor microenvironment of lymphatic metastasis of cervical cancer are discussed. Additionally, a summary of the clinical trials targeting the tumor microenvironment for the treatment of cervical cancer is provided, emphasizing the potential and challenges of immunotherapy.
Prediction of pore water pressure buildup and liquefaction of sands during earthquakes by the cyclic strain method

A cyclic strain approach for evaluating the buildup of excess pore water pressures and the potential for liquefaction of level sandy sites during earthquakes Is proposed In this report. This strain approach Is based on the premise that, for undralned loading of sand, there Is a predictable correlation between cyclic shear strain and excess pore water pressure; also, that there Is a threshold shear strain below which there Is no sliding at the contacts between sand particles and no pore water pressure buildup can occur. As the result, a sand deposit will not develop excess pore pressures If the Induced seismic shear strain Is less than the threshold strain. Both theoretical evidence and experimental verification supporting the cyclic strain approach and the existence of the threshold, are presented In the report. Based on all these findings, a specific design method is proposed for predicting if excess pore pressures will develop at a specific site during a design earthquake.
Interconnecting strategy of bridging multilayer networks to maximize synchronizability

Since many real-world system are described as multilayer networks, researchers focus their efforts on the subject of synchronization of multilayer networks. In this paper, we propose an strategy of bridging multilayer networks with p-links to get the maximum synchronizability. Based on the matrix perturbation theory, the problem of placing p-links between any two networks is transformed into p-times placing one-link structure perturbation to the original Laplacian matrix problem. Instead of exhaustive searching in the infinite space, we break the complicated problem into p sub-problem. In each sub-problem, we just need to sort two vectors and choose the maximum elements as the interconnecting node pair. This method significantly reduces the computing burden. To verify the effectiveness of our strategy, we perform some simulations to compare our method with other strategies. The results show that our strategies outperforms in most cases.
WHO guidelines for indoor air quality : dampness and mould

Microbial pollution is a key element of indoor air pollution. It is caused by hundreds of species of bacteria and fungi, in particular filamentous fungi (mould), growing indoors when sufficient moisture is available. This document provides a comprehensive review of the scientific evidence on health problems associated with building moisture and biological agents. The review concludes that the most important effects are increased prevalences of respiratory symptoms, allergies and asthma as well as perturbation of the immunological system. The document also summarizes the available information on the conditions that determine the presence of mould and measures to control their growth indoors. WHO guidelines for protecting public health are formulated on the basis of the review. The most important means for avoiding adverse health effects is the prevention (or minimization) of persistent dampness and microbial growth on interior surfaces and in building structures.
Inflammation in Coronary Atherosclerosis: Insights into Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Potential of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

Atherosclerosis is a lipid-driven immune-inflammatory disease that affects the arteries, leading to multifocal plaque development. The inflammatory process involves the activation of immune cells and various inflammatory pathways. Anti-inflammatory drugs have been shown to be effective in reducing cardiovascular events in individuals with coronary disease. However, their use is still limited due to concerns about long-term follow-up, cost-effectiveness, adverse effects, and the identification of the ideal patient profile to obtain maximum benefits. This review aims to improve the understanding of inflammation in coronary atherosclerosis and explore potential therapeutic interventions, encompassing both traditional and non-traditional anti-inflammatory approaches. By addressing these concepts, we seek to contribute to the advancement of knowledge about this type of treatment for coronary artery disease.
Analysis of Industry 4.0 Readiness among Regional Governments in Indonesia: The Worth of Digital Wisdom and Values in Public Services

This research aims to evaluate the readiness of regional governments to engage with the fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0), especially in e-service delivery. In the era of Industry 4.0, governments are increasingly considered public service centres that are evaluated for their ability to provide expanded services in the most efficient and individual ways. This research applied an eservice model survey by evaluating indicators of e-services about maturity values on a user-based website or mobile device applications. Assessments of e-service in three regional governments in Greater Malang reveal flaws in personnel readiness, user preparedness, flexibility in e-service procedures and requirements, integration among applications, lack of socialization, weak leader support and commitment, low budgets, and infrastructure constraints. Guided by these discoveries, unlike with theory, this study proclaims the importance of digital wisdom involving empathy, simplicity, compromise, creativity, and humility in public service. This study also formulates the digital values of political leadership transformation, public need-based digitalization, immediate resolution, changes in digital governance networks, digital wisdom, and interregional connectivity in public services. Finally, the study expands on the theory that governments can exceed preparedness by incorporating digital wisdom and values to drive public service.
A Multimode Neuromorphic Vision Sensor With Improved Brightness Measurement Performance by Pulse Coding Method

This article proposes a multimode neuromorphic event-frame integrated vision sensor that enables event detection (ED) with simultaneous brightness measurement based on the pulse width modulation mechanism. The logarithmic voltage is directly taken as intensity information. Brightness measurement involves in-pixel voltage-to-pulse conversion and out-pixel pulse coding. The maximum event bandwidth is improved to 366 Meps by pipelining the time-prior arbiter along with the address-events grouping circuit. A wide intensity dynamic range of 105 dB can theoretically be achieved through logarithmic photoelectric conversion and pulse coding. Our sensor supports a $128\times 64$ frame-like image with an improved signal-to-noise ratio of 49 dB. The experimental results indicate that the log sensitivity of the optimized logarithmic photoreceptor was measured as 164 mV/dec. The equivalent frame rate for both event and intensity reaches kilo fps, making it a promising candidate in high-speed wireless sensing applications.
A state-of-the-art review of functional magnetic resonance imaging technique integrated with advanced statistical modeling and machine learning for primary headache diagnosis

Primary headache is a very common and burdensome functional headache worldwide, which can be classified as migraine, tension-type headache (TTH), trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia (TAC), and other primary headaches. Managing and treating these different categories require distinct approaches, and accurate diagnosis is crucial. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has become a research hotspot to explore primary headache. By examining the interrelationships between activated brain regions and improving temporal and spatial resolution, fMRI can distinguish between primary headaches and their subtypes. Currently the most commonly used is the cortical brain mapping technique, which is based on blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI). This review sheds light on the state-of-the-art advancements in data analysis based on fMRI technology for primary headaches along with their subtypes. It encompasses not only the conventional analysis methodologies employed to unravel pathophysiological mechanisms, but also deep-learning approaches that integrate these techniques with advanced statistical modeling and machine learning. The aim is to highlight cutting-edge fMRI technologies and provide new insights into the diagnosis of primary headaches.