Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of the Binder Jetting Process Parameters and Binder Liquid Composition on the Relevant Attributes of 3D-Printed Tablets

Binder jetting has the potential to revolutionize the way we produce medicine. However, tablets produced by binder jetting technology can be quite fragile and hard to handle. In this study, the printing process and ink composition were examined to optimize the mechanical properties of tablets. A model formulation containing the ketoprofen drug was developed and used as a base for optimization. Firstly, important printing parameters were identified with a fractional factorial design. Saturation and layer height critically influenced selected tablet properties. Relevant process parameters were optimized for tablet mechanical strength by using the D-optimization DoE approach. The best mechanical properties were achieved when saturation was set to 1 and layer height to 150 µm. On the other hand, binder ink composition did not appear to impact tablet mechanical strength as much as process parameters did. Three ethanol-water mixtures were tested at three tablet strength levels and no definitive conclusions could be drawn. The binder jetting process can be wasteful, especially if the unbound powder cannot be reused. To determine the suitability of powder blend recycling, the ketoprofen content was measured for 27 subsequent batches of tablets. While the trendline did indicate a slight reduction in ketoprofen content, the powder blend reuse can nevertheless be employed.
Does the 3D Feature Descriptor Impact The Registration Accuracy in Laparoscopic Liver Surgery?

Abstract In laparoscopic liver surgery (LLS) image-guided navigation systems could support the surgeon by providing subsurface information such as the positions of tumors and vessels. For this purpose, one option is to perform a registration of preoperative 3D data and 3D surface patches reconstructed from laparoscopic images. Part of an automatic 3D registration pipeline is the feature description, which takes into account various geometric and spatial information. Since there is no leading feature descriptor in the field of LLS, two feature descriptors are compared in this paper: The Fast Point Feature Histogram (FPFH) and Triple Orthogonal Local Depth Images (TOLDI). To evaluate their performance, three perturbations were induced: varying surface patch sizes, spatial displacement, and Gaussian deformation. Registration was performed using the RANSAC algorithm. FPFH outperformed TOLDI for small surface patches and in case of Gaussian deformations in terms of registration accuracy. In contrast, TOLDI showed lower registration errors for patches with spatial displacement. While developing a 3D-3D registration pipeline, the choice of the feature descriptor is of importance, consequently a careful choice suitable for the application in LLS is necessary.
Unmodified Gum Arabic/Chitosan/Nanohydroxyapatite Nanocomposite Hydrogels as Potential Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration

In this work, physical cross-linking was used to create nanocomposite hydrogels composed of unmodified gum arabic (GA), chitosan (Ch), and natural nanohydroxyapatite (nHA), using an acrylic acid (AA) solvent. Different GA/chitosan contents (15%, 25%, and 35% of the used AA) as well as different nHA contents (2, 5, and 10 wt.%), were used and studied. The natural nHA and the fabricated GA/Ch/nHA nanocomposite hydrogels were characterized using different analysis techniques. Using acrylic acid solvent produced novel hydrogels with compressive strength of 15.43–22.20 MPa which is similar to that of natural cortical bone. The addition of natural nHA to the hydrogels resulted in a significant improvement in the compressive strength of the fabricated hydrogels. In vitro studies of water absorption and degradation—and in vivo studies—confirmed that the nanocomposite hydrogels described here are biodegradable, biocompatible, and facilitate apatite formation while immersed in the simulated body fluid (SBF). In light of these findings, the GA/Ch/nHA nanocomposite hydrogels are recommended for preparing bioactive nanoscaffolds for testing in bone regeneration applications.
Some Remarks about the Usage of Asymmetric Correlation Measurements for the Induction of Decision Trees

Decision trees are used very successfully for the identification resp. classification task of objects in many domains like marketing (e.g. Decker, Temme (2001)) or medicine. Other procedures to classify objects are for instance the logistic regression, the logit- or probit analysis, the linear or squared discriminant analysis, the nearest neighbour procedure or some kernel density estimators. The common aim of all these classification procedures is to generate classification rules which describe the correlation between some independent exogenous variables resp. attributes and at least one endogenous variable, the so called class membership variable.
Solving type equations in multi-level specifications (preliminary version)

In rst-order algebraic speciication functions have types of the form s1 sn ! s0, where the si are type constants. Such types exclude higher-order and polymorphic functions. In multi-level algebraic speci-cation the structure of types used in function declarations is speciied as an algebraic data type. If only free constructors are used in the types used in function declarations, type assignment is an extension of the Hind-ley/Milner algorithm to multiple levels of types. By means of equations over types, sophisticated type systems can be modeled in a simple and uniform language. The type assignment for arbitrary multi-level specii-cations requires E-uniication. Although this is undecidable in general, it is decidable for restricted sets of equations. In an earlier paper, the modular applicative multi-level equational speciication formalism MLS is deened. The typechecker supports only free type constructors. In this paper we introduce multi-level speciication by means of a series of MLS examples and discuss the extension with an E-uniication procedure instead of syntactic uniication of the type assignment function for MLS such that it supports type deenitions, deened type operators and recursive types.
Noncooperative LEO Satellite Orbit Determination Based on Single Pass Doppler Measurements

Precise orbit information is the premise of the wide application of low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites. Traditional orbit determination (OD) methods have disadvantages of poor reliability, high hardware cost, and long OD time. To account for these issues, we propose an OD framework, using several distributed facilities to acquire Doppler shift values of signals of opportunity (SOPs) during the same pass. First, we propose a search-least squares (LS) algorithm for initial orbit determination (IOD), providing a reliable accurate initial value for precise orbit determination (POD). Moreover, a nonrecursive cubature batch filter (NR-CBF) is proposed for POD to reduce linearization errors, avoid tuning parameters, and save the calculation time. Besides, we modify the measurement model by considering signal propagation delays and provide the corresponding theoretical basis. Finally, the real experiment result verifies the feasibility of the proposed method, whose velocity accuracy is at m/s grade.
Multimodel-based techniques for the identification and adaptive control of delayed multi-input multi-output systems

This study introduces a novel method to identify each individual delay in multi-input multi-output linear systems with unknown external delays, and then to apply an adaptive control strategy. The solution is based on a multi-model scheme consisting of a set of tentative delay models running in parallel along with a switching mechanism aimed at progressively updating them. Moreover, the time-varying tentative delays are proved to converge to the actual delays under certain persistent excitation-type conditions on the input signals. The presented approach can be regarded as an online implementation of an heuristic optimisation method known as pattern search, very uncommon in control systems applications. Finally, numerical examples showing the effectiveness of the proposed method are included, as well as the convergence proofs and stability properties of the closed loop.
The Geometry of Syzygies: A Second Course in Commutative Algebra and Algebraic Geometry

Preface: Algebra and Geometry * Free Resolutions and Hilbert Functions * First Examples of Free Resolutions * Points in P^2 * Castelnuovo-Mumford Regularity * The Regularity of Projective Curves * Linear Series and 1-Generic Matrices * Linear Complexes and the Linear Syzygy Theorem * Curves of High Degree * Clifford Index and Canonical Embedding * Appendix 1: Introduction to Local Cohomology * Appendix 2: A Jog Through Commutative Algebra * References * Index
The Divergence of Chromosome Structures and 45S Ribosomal DNA Organization in Cucumis debilis Inferred by Comparative Molecular Cytogenetic Mapping

Cucumis debilis W.J.de Wilde & Duyfjes is an annual and monoecious plant. This species is endemic to Southeast Asia, particularly Vietnam. However, C. debilis is rarely studied, and no detailed information is available regarding its basic chromosome number, 45S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) status, and divergence among other Cucumis species. In this study, we characterized the morphological characters and determined and investigated the basic chromosome number and chromosomal distribution of 45S rDNA of C. debilis using the fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) technique. A maximum likelihood tree was constructed by combining the chloroplast and internal transcribed spacer of 45S rDNAs to infer its relationship within Cucumis. C. debilis had an oval fruit shape, green fruit peel, and protrusion-like white spots during the immature fruit stage. FISH analysis using 45S rDNA probe showed three pairs of 45S rDNA loci located at the terminal region in C. debilis, similar to C. hystrix. Meanwhile, two, two, and five pairs of 45S rDNA loci were observed for C. melo, C. metuliferus, and C. sativus, respectively. One melon (P90) and cucumber accessions exhibited different chromosomal localizations compared with other members of Cucumis. The majority of Cucumis species showed the terminal location of 45S rDNA, but melon P90 and cucumber exhibited terminal–interstitial and all interstitial orientations of 45S rDNA loci. Based on molecular cytogenetics and phylogenetic evidence, C. debilis is more closely related to cucumber than melon. Therefore, C. debilis may serve as a potential parental accession for genetic improvement of cucumber through interspecific hybridization.
Filtering Normal Maps and Creating Multiple Surfaces

``Bump'''' mapping is a variant of texture mapping where the texture information is used to alter the surface normal. Current techniques to pre-filter textures are all relying on the fact that the texture information can be linearly "factored out" of the shading equation, and therefore can be pre-averaged in some way. This is not the case with bump maps, and those techniques fail to filter them correctly. We propose here a technique to pre-filter bump maps by building a pyramid where each level stores distributions of normal vectors reconstructed from the distribution given by the underlying bump map. The distributions are represented as sums of a small number of Phong-like spreads of normal vectors. The technique, besides allowing an effective and smooth transition between a bump map and a single surface description, gives rise to the concept of a multiple surface, where each point of the single surface is characterized by more than one normal vector. This allows the description of visually complex surfaces by a trivial modification of current local illumination models. When a surface has an underlying microstructure, masking and self-shadowing are important factors in its appearance. Along with the filtering of normals we include the filtering of the masking and self-shadowing information. This is accomplished by computing the limiting angles of visibility and their variance along the two texture axes for the reconstructed distribution of normals. These techniques allow the modeling of any surface whose microstructure we can model geometrically. This includes complex but familiar surfaces such as anisotropic surfaces, many woven cloth, and stochastic surfaces.
Optimizing low contrast volume thoracic CT angiography: From the basics to the advanced

Contrast-enhanced CT angiography (CTA) is a widely used, noninvasive imaging technique for evaluating cardiovascular structures. Contrast-induced nephrotoxicity is a concern in renal disease; however, the true nephrotoxic potential of iodinated contrast media (CM) is unknown. If a renal impaired patient requires CTA, it is important to protect the kidneys from further harm by reducing total iodinated CM volume while still obtaining diagnostic quality imaging. These same reduced volume CM techniques can also be applied to nonrenal impaired patients in times of CM shortage. This educational review discusses several modifications to CTA that can be adapted to both conventional 64-slice and the newer generation CT scanners which enable subsecond acquisition with a reduced CM volume technique. Such modifications include hardware and software adjustments and changes to both the volume and flow rate of administered CM, with the goal to reduce the dose of CM without compromising diagnostic yield.
Young Massive Clusters

Over the past ten years, there has been a revolution in our understanding of massive young stellar clusters in the Galaxy. Initially, there were no known examples having masses >10, yet we now know that there are at least a half dozen such clusters in the Galaxy. In all but one case, the masses have been determined through infrared observations. Several had been identified as clusters long ago, but their massive natures were only recently determined. Presumably, we are just scratching the surface, and we might look forward to having statistically significant samples of coeval massive stars at all important stages of stellar evolution in the near future. I review the efforts that have led to this dramatic turn of events and the growing sample of young massive clusters in the Galaxy.
Meta-Learning With Adaptive Learning Rates for Few-Shot Fault Diagnosis

Deep learning-based methods have been developed and widely used for fault diagnosis, which rely on the sufficient data. However, fault data are extremely limited in some real-case scenarios. In this article, a meta-learning with adaptive learning rates (MLALR) method is proposed for few-shot fault diagnosis. MLALR learns from auxiliary tasks to find initialization parameters of the model that can adapt to target tasks with a few data. The keys of MLALR are the proposed adaptive learning rates for meta-training and fine-tuning, whose values are adjusted according to the distributions of extracted features to tackle the two common problems of few-shot learning, i.e., overfitting and underfitting. The loss functions are further improved to promote the model generalization capability and training stability. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using two bearing datasets. MLALR obtains higher accuracies and stabilities than the baseline methods and three other state-of-the-art methods.
Wideband Substrate Integrated Waveguide Chip Filter Using Spoof Surface Plasmon Polariton

This article presents a novel wideband bandpass filter based on the integration of a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) and a spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP). An SIW cavity with periodic arrays of meander-slot units is etched on the top metallic layer to achieve the characteristics of a multi-order filter with good performance. The passbands can be flexibly selected by varying the geometric parameters of the SIW and SSPP to adjust the lower and upper sidebands independently. Using a redistribution layer (RDL) process, a novel 3D capacitive interconnection called a through-dielectric capacitor (TDC) is proposed and collaboratively designed with an interdigital capacitor to achieve capacitive source-load cross-coupling. The proposed filter has a center frequency of 60 GHz, with a wide 3-dB fractional bandwidth of about 45.8%. The improved simulated sideband suppression has a 30 dB rejection at 40 GHz and 75.4 GHz, corresponding to a 30-dB rectangular coefficient of 1.28.
Operational Risk Bias Quanti fication and Correction

Identifying the Maximum Domain of Attraction (MDA) of a given (severity) distribution in Operational Risk is not an easy task with a significant impact on the Value at Risk (VaR). One could resort to the result of Pickands (1975) and select a suitably high threshold to model the excesses so that the Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD) approximation holds and the shape parameter estimate belong to the correct MDA. On the other hand moving the threshold to the right leaves us with only a limited number of observations which in turn increases the statistical error of the (shape) parameter estimate resulting in an upward bias in the Value at Risk (VaR) calculation. We propose here a methodology to measure and correct this bias thus reducing this tradeoff. We finally present results showing the goodness of this correction.
Dietary Essential Amino Acid Intake Is Associated with High Muscle Strength in Korean Older Adults

The relationship between daily dietary intake of an individual or all essential amino acids (EAAs) and muscle strength in older adults is still inadequately characterized. This population-based cross-sectional study included 5971 participants aged ≥65 years from the 2014–2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Dietary information was derived from the 24 h recall data. Total essential amino acid score (EAAS) was calculated with an intake that satisfied the recommended nutrient intake (RNI) in each essential amino acid (EAA). The mean handgrip strength was estimated from triplicate measurements obtained using the dominant hand, and high muscle strength was defined as handgrip strength ≥28 kg for men and ≥18 kg for women. Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression models. After multivariable adjustment, we found that a high total EAAS was associated with high muscle strength in Korean older adults (OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.07–1.79). High muscle strength was significantly enhanced with increased total EAA intake from animal sources (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.02–1.58), but there was no significant association with total EAA intake from non-animal sources. EAA intake and high muscle strength are associated based on a positive dose-response relationship in which high muscle strength is further increased when the overall EAA intake meets the RNI. Thus, Korean older adults should ensure an adequate intake of all EAAs from various food sources (especially animal sources) to meet the RNI as a prerequisite for achieving high muscle strength.
Clinical symptom and sign characteristics of patients with Conjunctivochalasis

Conjunctivochalasis (CCh) is a condition characterized by redundant, loose, and non- edematous conjunctival folds that often located in inferior bulbar conjunctiva. CCh often asymptomatic but also can cause many symptoms. The symptoms of CCh are often connected to delayed tear clearance or tear film instability. CCH is often overlooked in clinical practice; therefore, it is important to recognize this condition to differentiate it from chronic eye irritation and epiphora due to other causes. This research is to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with Conjunctivochalasis (CCh). A total of 26 people with Conjunctivochalasis were enrolled in this retrospective investigation. The study included 52 eyes from 40 cases. Ages ranged from 46 to 77 years, with a mean age of 64 years. In this study, all CCh sites were found in the inferior conjunctiva and more in the temporal region (75%). The prevalence of CCh was mostly female (88.5%) and occurred in patients with an average age of 647 year. The most common complaints of CCh patients were eye pain (42%) and dryness (38%). Clinical examination results obtained bilateral CCh more than unilateral, which is 53.8%. Severity of first grade CCh was found in 50% of the sample eyes. Schirmer examination results of less than 5 mm and 5-10 mm obtained the same results of 35%. Fluorescein test results were found to be positive in 57.5% of eyes. While the most TBUT results were obtained in less than 5 seconds, which amounted to 67.5%.
The Role of Hsp90-R2TP in Macromolecular Complex Assembly and Stabilization

Hsp90 is a ubiquitous molecular chaperone involved in many cell signaling pathways, and its interactions with specific chaperones and cochaperones determines which client proteins to fold. Hsp90 has been shown to be involved in the promotion and maintenance of proper protein complex assembly either alone or in association with other chaperones such as the R2TP chaperone complex. Hsp90-R2TP acts through several mechanisms, such as by controlling the transcription of protein complex subunits, stabilizing protein subcomplexes before their incorporation into the entire complex, and by recruiting adaptors that facilitate complex assembly. Despite its many roles in protein complex assembly, detailed mechanisms of how Hsp90-R2TP assembles protein complexes have yet to be determined, with most findings restricted to proteomic analyses and in vitro interactions. This review will discuss our current understanding of the function of Hsp90-R2TP in the assembly, stabilization, and activity of the following seven classes of protein complexes: L7Ae snoRNPs, spliceosome snRNPs, RNA polymerases, PIKKs, MRN, TSC, and axonemal dynein arms.
Quantum Field Theories on Algebraic Curves

In this talk the main features of the operator formalism for the $b-c$ systems on general algebraic curves developed in refs. [1-2] are reviewed. The first part of the talk is an introduction to the language of algebraic curves. Some explicit techniques for the construction of meromorphic tensors are explained. The second part is dedicated to the discussion of the $b-c$ systems. Some new results concerning the concrete representation of the basic operator algebra of the $b-c$ systems and the calculation of divisors on algebraic curves have also been included.
Gorenstein transpose with respect to a semidualizing bimodule

Let S and R be rings and SCR be a semidualizing bimodule. We first give the definitions of C -transpose and n - C -torsionfree and give a criterion for a module A to be GC -projective by some property of the C -transpose of A. Then we introduce the notion of C -Gorenstein transpose of a module over two-sided Noetherian rings. We prove that a module M in mod R op is a C -Gorenstein transpose of a module A ∈ mod S if and only if M can be embedded into a C -transpose of A with the cokernel GC -projective. Finally we investigate some homological properties of the C -Gorenstein transpose of a given module.