Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Hibernating Myocardium by Dobutamine in a Canine Model

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to 1) develop an animal model of hibernating myocardium, and 2) evaluate the ability of dobntamine stimulation to detect hibernating myocardium using both qualitative and quantitative assessment of regional myocardial function. Background. Left ventricular dysfunction may be due to chronic ischemia with or without myocardial infarction and may improve after coronary blood flow is enhanced by revascularization procedures. This condition has been coined "hibernating myocardium" and variably defined in recent years. The results of recent clinical studies suggest that dobutamine echocardiography may be useful for detecting viable myocardium in patients with left ventricnlar dysfunction. Methods. Twenty-one dogs underwent initial operation. Sonomicrometer crystals were implanted, and baseline measurements of segment shortening and wall thickening (by echocardi. ography) were made. A coronary artery was ligated; the chest was closed; and measurements were repeated. Dobutamine was incrementally infused with determination of wall thickening and segment shortening at baseline and on days 3 and 7 and weeks 2 and 4 after coronary artery occlusion. Finally, the chest was reopened; the ligated vessel was bypassed; and measurements were repeated. Results. Of the 10 dogs that completed the entire protocol, 7 had varying degrees of nontransmural myocardial infarction (group 1), and 3 had complete transmural myocardial infarction (group 2). In group 1, baseline function was significantly impaired compared with preligation function but increased during dobutamine infusion. When reperfused after 4 weeks, both wall thickening and segment shortening increased significantly. In group 2, significant changes were not seen during the dobutamine studies or after reperfusion. Myocardial perfusion during dobutamine infusion increased in group 1 but did not change in group 2. Conclusions. We demonstrated improvement in chronically dysfunctional myocardium after restoration of previously interrupted myocardial blood flow in dogs after nontransmural myocardial infarction, thus validating a canine model of hibernating myocardium. As assessed by two independent methods, dobutamine infusion identified hibernating myocardium in an animal model. (J Am Coil Cardiol 1995;26:1348-55)
Introductory Chapter

One of the most critical resources required for wireless communication is the radio spectrum. One can see the radio spectrum as nonrenewable natural resource. If a part of spectrum has been used for some application, one cannot simultaneously reuse it at the same place for some other application. National and international laws and agreements regulate spectrum usage so that the services provided were free from interference caused by other users. Traditionally, the administration of the spectrum rights tends to grant exclusive rights to some services in the major geographic regions. For instance, in the United States and many other countries, the frequency band 535–1605 kHz is allocated for AM radio, 54–72 MHz for TV channels 2–4, 88–108 MHz for FM radio, and so on. This static allocation has over the years led to many suc‐ cessful applications, but it has also resulted in a situation where almost all the available spec‐ trum has been assigned to specific applications and there is no room for emerging services.
Growth of Housing Prices-A Study on The Implications for Cost of Equity in Sweden

This study aims to investigate whether growing housing prices in Sweden have an effect on cost of equity for Swedish firms. Stemming from prior research linking growing housing prices to lower degree of risk aversion for households, we hypothesize a negative relationship between growth of housing prices and cost of equity capital. We build our study on data from 1235 year specific observations from firms listed on the Stockholm small-, midand large cap, between 2009-2016. Considering a weak coefficient, our results should be considered as inconclusive on the relationship between growing housing prices and cost of equity capital in Sweden. Our study contributes to the body of research regarding the economical life of a household, collective risk preferences and increased understanding in factors influencing cost of equity capital for firms. Acknowledgments We would like to thank our supervisor, David Anderson who provided us with a lot of useful insights and tips; Our fellow seminar members who came with valuable criticism and positive energy; finally a big thank you to Yuliya Ponomareva who helped us immensely with the statistics in Stata.
A Biometric Authentication Based Secured ATM Banking System

— Authentication is a critical part of any trustworthy computing system which ensures that, only individuals with corroborated identities can log on to the system or access system resources. Biometric authentication with cryptography has ameliorated the security level for authentication. In this present work a Bio-metric system for encrypting the user password is proposed for secure remote ATM transaction. A retinal image is acquired at transaction terminal and Bio feature points are extracted from the blood vessel tree. User password is encrypted using some selective feature points. After transmission to the central server, encrypted password is decrypted using stored Bio-key to extract the password and check with the stored password. The success of the transaction is based on the stored database. The proposed scheme is self manipulative, simple, fast and yet much more secure. The efficacy of this computer simulation of bio-metric authentication system claims a secure online transaction.
The Efﬁcacy of Vitamin E (DL- α -tocopheryl acetate) Supplementation in Hen Diets to Alleviate Egg Quality Deterioration Associated with High Temperature Exposure 1

Supplementation of hen diets with vitamin E was investigated as a means to alleviate egg quality deterioration associated with high temperature exposure. One hundred eighty layers (60 birds/diet) were randomly placed on diets supplemented with vitamin E at 20, 60, and 120 IU/kg feed. After 2 wk on feed, one-half of the birds were maintained at environmental temperatures of 21 C, whereas the other half were acclimated over 3 d to increasing environmental temperatures reaching 34 C. Birds were exposed to 21 or 34 C for 2 wk (ﬁve hens per cage × six replications). Egg production, feed intake, and egg weights were determined daily. Twenty eggs were collected from each treatment group and analyzed for vitamin E content in yolk, percentage egg solids, yolk color, yolk pH, albumen pH, foaming ability of albumen
Activity-dependent Regulation of Synapse and Dendritic Spine Morphology in Developing Barrel Cortex Requires Phospholipase C- b 1 Signalling

The phospholipase C- b 1 (PLC- b 1) signalling pathway, activated via metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), is implicated in activ-ity-dependent development of the cerebral cortex, as both PLC- b 1 and mGluR5 knockout mice exhibit disrupted barrel formation in somatosensory cortex. To characterize the effects of this signalling system on development of synaptic circuitry in barrel cortex, we have examined neuronal ultrastructure, synapse formation and dendritic spine morphology in PLC- b 1 knockout mice. Qualitative ultrastructure of neurons and synapse density in layers 2--4 of barrel cortex were unchanged in PLC- b 1 knockout mice during development [postnatal day (P) 5] and in mature cortex (P19--21). We found a decrease in the proportion of synapses with symmetric morphology at P5 that was gone by P19--21, indicating a transient imbalance in excitatory and inhibitory circuitry. We also investigated dendritic spines by back-labelling layer 5 pyramidal neurons with carbocyanine. We observed normal dendritic spine densities on apical dendrites as they passed through layer 4 of barrel cortex, but spine morphology was altered in PLC- b 1 knockout mice at P9. These observations indicate that the PLC- b 1 signalling pathway plays a role in the development of normal cortical circuitry. Interrupting this regulation leads to changes in synapse and dendritic spine morphology, possibly altering post-synaptic integration of signal.
Neisseria meningitidis Cell-Mediated Mucosal Immunity to Evidence for Naturally Acquired T

Naturally acquired protective immunity against Neisseria meningitidis is thought to partially explain the disparity between the high levels of carriage in the human nasopharynx and the rare incidence of disease. To investigate this immunity to Neisseria meningitidis at the mucosal level, in vitro cellular responses to outer membrane vesicle preparations derived from this pathogen were examined using mononuclear cells from the palatine tonsils of adults and children. Characterization of these responses was achieved by depletion of CD45RA (cid:1) , CD45RO (cid:1) , and CD19 (cid:1) populations and outer membrane vesicles derived from isogenic mutants expressing different serosubtypes of the major outer membrane protein, porin A (PorA), no PorA and membrane preparations from a mutant with no LPS (LpxA (cid:2) ). The magnitude of cellular proliferative responses against the outer membrane vesicles were strongly associated with age and were largely T cell mediated, involving both CD45RO (cid:1) and CD45RA (cid:1) T cell phenotypes. Responses were not dependent on LPS but consisted of both PorA cross-speciﬁc and non-PorA-dependent responses. Cellular immunity against Neisseria meningitidis was found to be frequently associated with systemic IgG Abs but was not associated with serum bactericidal Abs. For the ﬁrst time our results demonstrate an age-associated acquisition of mucosal T effector/memory cell responses to Neisseria meningitidis . This mucosal cellular immunity can be present in the absence of serum bactericidal Abs, a classical marker of protective immunity. The Journal of Immunology, 2003, 171: 4263–4270.
Trade Unions and Platform Workers in the UK: Worker Representation in the Shadow of the Law

Drawing on a series of interviews with key actors including representatives of the main trade unions, this paper considers the response of unions in the UK to the emergence and growth of platform work. Comparing the partly different strategies adopted by traditional and alternative unions in respect of the representation of platform workers’ interests, it demonstrates that the unions’ choices have been shaped by the characteristics and resources of the unions themselves, by prevailing political conditions and, perhaps above all, by the restrictive legal framework that excludes many platform workers from the scope of employment legislation. Without recourse to either a legally protected freedom to take industrial action or the statutory recognition procedure, unions have only exceptionally been able to negotiate collective agreements on behalf of platform workers. Instead, traditional unions have focussed on broader political strategies to fight precariousness, including wielding an influence on policymaking, especially through their relations with the Labour Party. Alternative unions have channelled resources into organising and mobilising platform workers and supporting them in campaigning, protesting and bringing strategic litigation. approach
DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPOSITION AND RESEARCH OF PHARMACOTECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF MEDICINAL HERBAL COLLECTION FOR THE TREATMENT OF GASTRIC ULCER

Introduction. Gastric ulcer (GU) is a chronic recurrent disease that occurs with alternating periods of exacerbation and remission, the main manifestation of which is the formation of a defect (ulcer) in the wall of the stomach and duodenum. Treatment of GU should be comprehensive and include not only the appointment of drugs, but also a wide range of different measures: diet, smoking cessation and alcohol abuse, refusal to take drugs that have antiulcer effect, normalization of work and rest, sanatorium spa treatment [1, 2]. Scientific research in the last decade suggests that the gastrointestinal tract is part of the body's immune system. Natural compounds of plant origin have great prospects, having a wide range of pharmacotherapeutic possibilities, and influencing the activity of many regulatory proteins, in the treatment and prevention of complex combined pathologies of the digestive system. One of the main groups of biologically active substances that make a significant contribution to the pharmacotherapeutic effect of herbal remedies are phenolic compounds. The composition of phenolic compounds of plant origin is diverse and includes several groups of biologically active substances: flavonoids, anthocyanins, coumarins, simple phenols, phenolic acids, tannins, stilbenes, lignans. Flavonoids occupy a special place in phytotherapy of inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Flavonoids have biological properties that are necessary for the manifestation of beneficial effects in diseases of the digestive system: anti–inflammatory [3], hepatoprotective [4], anti–ulcer [5], anti–diabetic [6], hypolipidemic [7], immunotropic [8], antimicrobial [9], antiviral, antitumor, antispasmodic, choleretic [10], effect. Flavonoids enter the body by transport through the epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract; undergo metabolic transformation in the intestinal epithelium and liver, including methylation of hydroxyl groups, sulfates, reduction of carboxyl groups, and conjugation with glucuronic acid [5]. Purpose of the study. To develop the optimal composition of medicinal plant raw materials to create a collection that will exhibit anti–inflammatory, antiulcer, antispasmodic and immunotropic activity and conduct research on the pharmacological properties of the developed collection.
non-Testing the effectiveness of the oath script in reducing the hypothetical bias in the Contingent Valuation Method

: Th e objective of the study is to investigate the eﬀ ect of the oath script (HO) in an hypothetical Contingent Valuation survey in a Mediterranean country (e.g. Italy). Hence, there were conducted the CE surveys with three treatments: (1) CV without a cognitive task, (2) CV with a CT script, and (3) CV with a HO. Th e ﬁ ndings showed that the eﬀ ectiveness of the HO script depends on the participants’ socio-demographic characteristics. For instance, it was found that the HO script could help to reduce the hypothetical bias for people who possess a high educational level in contrast with those people with low education and low income. Hence, the ﬁ ndings suggest that the oath script not only does not a guarantee the reduction of the hypothetical bias, but it also does not explain the mixed results found in the previous studies.
Antifungal and Antibioﬁlm Activities and the Mechanism of Action of Repeating Lysine-Tryptophan Peptides against Candida albicans

: The rapid increase in the emergence of antifungal-resistant Candida albicans strains is becoming a serious health concern. Because antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) may provide a potential alternative to conventional antifungal agents, we have synthesized a series of peptides with a varying number of lysine and tryptophan repeats (KW n -NH 2 ). The antifungal activity of these peptides increased with peptide length, but only the longest KW 5 peptide displayed cytotoxicity towards a human keratinocyte cell line. The KW 4 and KW 5 peptides exhibited strong antifungal activity against C. albicans , even under conditions of high-salt and acidic pH, or the addition of fungal cell wall components. Moreover, KW 4 inhibited bioﬁlm formation by a ﬂuconazole-resistant C. albicans strain. Circular dichroism and ﬂuorescence spectroscopy indicated that fungal liposomes could interact with the longer peptides but that they did not release the ﬂuorescent dye calcein. Subsequently, ﬂuorescence assays with di ﬀ erent dyes revealed that KW 4 did not disrupt the membrane integrity of intact fungal cells. Scanning electron microscopy showed no changes in fungal morphology, while laser-scanning confocal microscopy indicated that KW 4 can localize into the cytosol of C. albicans . Gel retardation assays revealed that KW 4 can bind to fungal RNA as a potential intracellular target. Taken together, our data indicate that KW 4 can inhibit cellular functions by binding to RNA and DNA after it has been translocated into the cell, resulting in the eradication of C. albicans .
Bio-Crude Production from Protein-Extracted Grass Residue through Hydrothermal Liquefaction

: In the present study, the protein-extracted grass residue (press cake) was processed through hydrothermal liquefaction under sub and supercritical temperatures (300, 350 and 400 ◦ C) with and without using a potassium carbonate catalyst. The results revealed that bio-crude yield was inﬂuenced by both temperature and the catalyst. The catalyst was found to be effective at 350 ◦ C (350 Cat) for enhancing the bio-crude yield, whereas supercritical state in both catalytic and noncatalytic conditions improved the quality of bio-crude with reasonable HHVs (33 to 36 MJ/kg). The thermal behaviour of bio-crude was analysed and higher volatile contents (more than 50% under the range of 350 ◦ C) were found at supercritical conditions. The overall TOC values in the residual aqueous phase varied from 22 to 38 g/L. Higher carbon loss was noticed in the aqueous phase in supercritical conditions. Furthermore, GCMS analysis showed ketones, acids and ester, aromatics and hydrocarbon with negligible nitrogen-containing compounds in bio-crude. In conclusion, the catalytic conversion of grass residue under subcritical conditions (350 Cat) is favourable in terms of high bio-crude yield, however, supercritical conditions promote the deoxygenation of oxygen-containing compounds in biomass and thus improve HHVs of bio-crude.
Genetic and Functional Analysis of a PmrA-PmrB-Regulated Locus Necessary for Lipopolysaccharide Modiﬁcation, Antimicrobial Peptide Resistance, and Oral Virulence of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium

The two-component regulatory system PmrA-PmrB confers resistance of Salmonella spp. to cationic antimicrobial peptides (AP) such as polymyxin (PM), bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein, and azurocidin. This resistance occurs by transcriptional activation of two loci termed pmrE and pmrHFIJKLM . Both pmrE and pmrHFIJKLM produce products required for the biosynthesis of lipid A with 4-aminoarabinose (Ara4N). Ara4N addition creates a more positively charged lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and thus reduces cationic AP binding. Experiments were conducted to further analyze the regulation of the pmrHFIJKLM operon and the role of this operon and the surrounding genomic region in LPS modiﬁcation and antimicrobial peptide resistance. The pmrHFIJKLM genes are cotranscribed and over 3,000-fold regulated by PmrA-PmrB. The pmrHFIJKLM promoter bound PmrA, as determined by gel shift analysis, as did a 40-bp region of the PmrA-PmrB-regulated pmrCAB promoter. Construction of nonpolar mutations in the pmrHFIJKLM genes showed that all except pmrM were necessary for the Ara4N addition to lipid A and PM resistance. The ﬂanking genes of the operon ( pmrG and pmrD ) were not necessary for PM resistance, but pmrD was shown to be regulated by the PhoP-PhoQ regulatory system. BALB/c mice inoculated with pmrA and pmrHFIJKLM mutant strains demonstrated virulence attenuation when the strains were administered orally but not when they were administered intraperitoneally, indicating that Ara4N addition may be important for resistance to host innate defenses within intestinal tissues.
Particle-Level Event Classification for LHC T rigge r , with End-to-End Sorting RNNs.

The project consists of designing a long-term memory capable recurrent neural network classifer to predict the underlying physics of LHC proton-proton collisions. The classifier takes the particle flow candidates of a given collision event, and outputs a set of prediction probabilities for 3 classes of physics processes. Furthermore, the project consists of an exploration of backpropagative sorting mechanisms to improve classification efficiency.
Intracranial Hemorrhage Secondary to Oral Anticoagulant Therapy: Insight into Pathogenesis, Prognosis and Manage-

Warfarin and the newer oral anticoagulants are efficacious in preventing stroke and pulmonary embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation and deep vein thrombosis. It remains a difficult therapeutic decision to use anti-thrombotic agents in elderly, where there is increased incidence of atrial fibrillation. Bleeding complications, especially life-threatening intracranial hemorrhage, are inevitable in this population because of increased incidence of falls. In this review, we analyze the incidence and prevalence of intracranial hemorrhage with warfarin and the newer oral anticoagulants
International Journal of Science and Business

The objective of this research is to study the determinants and effects of deforestation in the WAEMU countries. On the basis of panel data covering the 8 WAEMU countries from 2000 to 2014 and with a fixed-effect regression with correction for heteroskedasticity, we come to the conclusion that the gross domestic product per capita contributes in the short term to the increase. deforestation but a long-term decrease in deforestation is possible because there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between these two variables. Population density and respect for the rule of law are determinants of deforestation in the WAEMU zone. In addition, deforestation contributes positively to CO2 emissions in WAEMU. In view of these results, in terms of energy use, the State must favor energies based on renewable energies more than fossil energies which are more polluting; encourage reforestation initiatives. Improving the quality of institutions through the establishment of a framework promoting respect for the rule of law will be an asset in the fight against deforestation in WAEMU. IJSB Accepted 18 March 2021 Published 21 March 2021 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4625558
Digital Epidemiology The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters

: Mobile, social, real-time: the ongoing revolu-tion in the way people communicate has given rise to a new kind of epidemiology. Digital data sources, when harnessed appropriately, can provide local and timely information about disease and health dynamics in populations around the world. The rapid, unprecedented increase in the availability of relevant data from various digital sources creates considerable technical and com- putational challenges.
THE RELATION BETWEEN [ ] b O H III AND SPECIFIC STAR FORMATION RATE IN GALAXIES AT z ∼ 2

Recent surveys have identi ﬁ ed a seemingly ubiquitous population of galaxies with elevated [ O III ] / H β emission line ratios at z > 1, although the nature of this phenomenon continues to be debated. The [ O III ] / H β line ratio is of interest because it is a main component of the standard diagnostic tools used to differentiate between active galactic nuclei and star-forming galaxies as well as the gas-phase metallicity indicators O 23 and R 23 . Here, we investigate the primary driver of increased [ O III ] / H β ratios by median-stacking rest-frame optical spectra for a sample of star-forming galaxies in the 3D- HST survey in the redshift range z ∼ 1.4 – 2.2. Using N = 4220 star-forming galaxies, we stack the data in bins of mass and speci ﬁ c star formation rates ( sSFRs ) , respectively. After accounting for stellar Balmer absorption, we measure [ O III ] λ 5007 Å / H β down to M ∼ 10 9.2 M e and sSFR ∼ 10 − 9.6 yr − 1 , greater than an order of magnitude lower than previous work at similar redshifts. We ﬁ nd an offset of 0.59 ± 0.05 dex between the median ratios at z ∼ 2 and z ∼ 0 at ﬁ xed stellar mass, in agreement with existing studies. However, with respect to sSFR, the z ∼ 2 stacks all lie within 1 σ of the median SDSS ratios, with an average offset of only − 0.06 ± 0.05. We ﬁ nd that the excitation properties of galaxies are tightly correlated with their sSFR at both z ∼ 2 and z ∼ 0, with a relation that appears to be roughly constant over the last 10 Gyr of cosmic time.