Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MINIREVIEW Performance, Design, and Analysis in Microbial Source Tracking Studies (cid:1)

Microbial source tracking (MST) includes a group of methodologies that are aimed at identifying, and in some cases quantifying, the dominant source(s) of fecal contamination in resource waters, including drinking, ground, recreational, and wildlife habitat waters. MST methods can be grouped into two major types. Library-dependent methods are culture based and rely on isolate-by-isolate typing of bacteria cultured from various fecal sources and from water samples These isolates are matched to their corresponding source categories by direct subtype matching (41, 70) or by statistical means (23, 37, 40, 41, 80, 83, 102). In contrast, library-independent methods frequently are based on sample-level detection of a speciﬁc, host-associated genetic marker in a DNA extract by PCR (6, 11, 26, 88). Analyses of certain chemicals associated with sewage, including fecal sterols (29, 30, 47), optical brighteners (29, 30, 68), and host mitochondrial DNA (67), have also been utilized for what can be more broadly termed fecal source tracking; however, in this review we compare the performance of only fecal source tracking studies in which the target(s) is microbial. Mounting pressure to determine the origin of nonpoint source fecal pollution, as exempliﬁed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s total maximum daily load program, has led to a steady increase in manuscript submissions and grant
Locality of percolation for abelian Cayley graphs

We prove that the value of the critical probability for percolation on an abelian Cayley graph is determined by its local structure. This is a partial positive answer to a conjecture of Schramm: the function pc defined on the set of Cayley graphs of abelian groups of rank at least 2 is continuous for the Benjamini-Schramm topology. The proof involves group-theoretic tools and a new block argument.
(2016). Dating placentalia: Morphological clocks fail to close the molecular-fossil gap. Evolution , 70 (4), 873-886.

Dating the origin of Placentalia has been a contentious issue for biologists and paleontologists. Although it is likely that crown-group placentals originated in the Late Cretaceous, nearly all molecular clock estimates point to a deeper Cretaceous origin. An approach with the potential to reconcile this discrepancy could be the application of a morphological clock. This would permit the direct incorporation of fossil data in node dating, and would break long internal branches of the tree, so leading to improved estimates of node ages. Here, we use a large morphological dataset and the tip-calibration approach of MrBayes. We ﬁnd that the estimated date for the origin of crown mammals is much older, (cid:2) 130–145 million years ago (Ma), than fossil and molecular clock data ( (cid:2) 80–90 Ma). Our results suggest that tip calibration may result in estimated dates that are more ancient than those obtained from other sources of data. This can be partially overcome by constraining the ages of internal nodes on the tree; however, when this was applied to our dataset, the estimated dates were still substantially more ancient than expected. We recommend that results obtained using tip calibration, and possibly morphological dating more generally, should be treated with caution. When both the fossilized birth–death process (FBD) and uniform root prior distributions are employed for the full tree, an ancient date is produced spanning the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous. Similar results are found with just extant taxa and just extant Placentalia.
What can we do differently about the extreme wild ﬁ re problem: An overview 13

Fantina Tedim , Sarah McCaffrey , Vittorio Leone , Giuseppe Mariano Delogu , Marc Castelnou , Tara K. McGee , José Aranha 9 Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NWT, Australia; Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Fort Collins, CO, United States; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Basilicata (retired), Potenza, Italy; Former Chief Corpo Forestale e di Vigilanza Ambientale (CFVA), Autonomous Region of Sardegna, Italy; Bombers Generalitat.DGPEiS. DI. , Barcelona, Spain; University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Tr as-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
The Effect of Dietary Protein and Phosphorus on Ammonia Concentration and Litter Composition in Broilers 1

An experiment was conducted to determine whether broiler litter concentration of N and P and equilibrium NH 3 gas concentration can be reduced by reducing dietary CP and P levels and supplementing with amino acids and phytase, respectively, without adversely affecting bird performance. Equilibrium NH 3 gas concentration above the litter was measured. The experiment was divided into a starter period (1 to 21 d) and grower period (22 to 42 d), each having two different CP and P levels in a 2 · 2 factorial arrangement. The CP treatments consisted of a control with a mean CP of 204 and 202 g/kg for starter and grower periods, respectively, and a low CP diet with means of 188 and 183 g/kg, respectively, but with similar amino acid levels as the control. The P treatments comprised starter and grower control diets containing means of 6.7 and 6.3 g/kg P, respectively, and low P treatment means of 5.8 and 5.4 g/kg P supplemented with 1.0 g/kg phytase. and weight gain, but improved feed efficiency by 2.0%. Responses in feed intake and efficiency to CP depended on the level of dietary P. For the grower period there were no significant differences in feed intake, weight gain, and feed efficiency, nor in body weight at 42 d of age, after correcting for 21-d body weight, between CP and P treatments. There were significant ( P < 0.001) reductions in litter N and P concentrations, but not equilibrium NH 3 gas concentration, moisture content, or pH, for low CP and P diets. Mean equilibrium NH 3 gas concentration was 63 ppm. Litter N concentration was reduced 16.3% with the low CP diets, and litter P by 23.2% in low P treatments. The results suggest that dietary manipulation shows merit for reducing litter N and P concentrations while maintaining acceptable production performance from broilers.
One-pot Synthesis and Application in Asymmetric Supercapacitors of Mn 3 O 4 @RGO Nanocomposites

: Supercapacitors have attracted dramatic attentions in recent years for their apparent advantages, such as fast charge/discharge rate, high power density and high stability. However, it is still a challenge to improve their energy density for their practical applications. One of the strategies to overcome this drawback is to broaden the working voltage of the devices through assembling asymmetric supercapacitors. Herein, Mn 3 O 4 @RGO nanocomposites were successfully synthesized by using one-pot approach with Mn(Ac) 2 and GO in the mixed solvent of ethanola-mine and water (3:1) without adding any surfactant. The asymmetric supercapacitors (Mn 3 O 4 @RGO//RGO) assem-bled with Mn 3 O 4 @RGO and RGO exhibit excellent performances in energy storage. The asymmetric supercapacitors can achieve a maximum energy density of 21.7 Wh/kg at power density of 500 W/kg and a maximum power density of 8 kW/kg at energy density of 11.1 Wh/kg, based on the total mass of active materials. The Mn 3 O 4 @RGO//RGO supercapacitors also demonstrated excellent durability retaining 88.4% of their specific capacitances even after 5000 charge/discharge cycles. The excellent performances of Mn 3 O 4 @RGO//RGO devices in energy storage can be attributed to high density of Mn 3 O 4 nanoparticles grown directly on the surfaces of RGO nanosheets, which can dramatically improve the conductivity of materials.
Lower 30-day readmission rates with roflumilast treatment among patients hospitalized for chronic disease.

Background: Few data exist related to the impact of roflumilast on health care utilization. This retrospective study estimated 30-day hospital readmission rates between patients who did and did not use roflumilast among those with COPD hospitalizations. Methods: Data were from MarketScan, a large US commercial health insurance claims database. Patients aged $ 40 years with at least one hospitalization for COPD between 2010 and 2011 were included. The roflumilast group included patients who used roflumilast within 14 days after the first hospitalization (index), while the comparison group (non-roflumilast) included patients who did not use roflumilast during the study period. Continuous enrollment for at least 6 months before and 30 days after the index date was required. The 30-day hospitalization rate was calculated after the index hospitalization. Conditional logistic regression with propensity score 1:3 matching was employed to assess the difference in 30-day hospital readmission rates between the roflumilast and non-roflumilast groups, adjusting for baseline characteristics, comorbidity, health care utilization, and COPD medication use within 14 days after the index date. Results: A total of 15,755 COPD patients met the selection criteria, ie, 366 (2.3%) in the roflumilast group and 15,389 (97.7%) in the non-roflumilast group. The mean ( ± standard deviation) age was 71 ± 12.5 years and 52% were female. After propensity score matching, all-cause 30-day hospitalization rates were 6.9% and 11.1% in the roflumilast and non-roflumilast groups, respectively. COPD-related 30-day hospitalization rates were 6.3% and 9.2% in the roflumilast and non-roflumilast groups, respectively. Conditional logistic regression identified a significantly lower likelihood of all-cause 30-day readmission (odds ratio 0.59, 95% confidence interval 0.37–0.93, P = 0.023) for roflumilast patients relative to non-roflumilast patients. Conclusion: This study showed, in a real-world setting, that use of roflumilast was associated with a lower rate of hospital readmission within 30 days among patients hospitalized for COPD.
Program Optimization Strategies to Improve the Performance of SpMV-Operations

—The SpMV operation – the multiplication of a sparse matrix with a dense vector – is used in many simulations in natural and engineering sciences as a computational kernel. This kernel is quite performance critical as it is used, e.g., in a linear solver many times in a simulation run. Such performance critical kernels of a program may be optimized on certain levels, ranging from using a rather coarse grained and comfortable single compiler optimization switch down to utilizing architecural features by explicitly using special instructions on an assembler level. This paper discusses a selection of such program optimization techniques in this spectrum applied to the SpMV operation. The achievable performance gain as well as the additional programming effort are discussed. It is shown that low effort optimizations can improve the performance of the SpMV operation compared to a basic implementation. But further than that, more complex low level optimizations have a higher impact on the performance, although changing the original program and the readability / maintainability of a program signiﬁcantly.
BALKAN Military Medical REVIEW Sleep Problems in Pediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Aim: Chronic diseases are associated with sleep disorders. Sleep and related problems usually escape from attention of both physicians and families. It is aimed to investigate the sleep quality in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Material-methods: Reliability and validity confirmed Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire was conducted 30 adolescent with type 1 diabetes and age matched 55 healthy teenagers. Results: Mean diabetes duration of patients was 4.5±3.5 years. Recent three HbA1C average was 7.66%±0.77 (min:5.9-max:9.4). Although scores of snoring, breathing and behavior were similar score of sleep quality and intra-day activity was significantly different (p=0.012). Conclusion: Sleep is very important for healthy life, and good school performance. It should be kept in mind that chronic diseases like T1DM affect sleep quality. Sleep related problems usually missed by parents and physicians must be exposed and looked for solution if possible.
Identifying a Species-Speciﬁc Region of Yeast TFIIB In Vivo

The general transcription factor IIB (TFIIB) is required for RNA polymerase II transcription in eukaryotes. It provides a physical link between the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and the RNA polymerase and is a component previously suggested to respond to transcriptional activators in vitro. In this report, we compare the yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) and human forms of the protein in yeast cells to study their functional differences. We demonstrate that human TFIIB fails to functionally replace yeast TFIIB in yeast cells. By analyzing various human-yeast hybrid TFIIB molecules, we show that a 14-amino-acid region at the amino terminus of the ﬁrst repeat of yeast TFIIB plays an important role in determining species speciﬁcity in vivo. In addition, we identify four amino acids in this region that are critical for an amphipathic helix unique to yeast TFIIB. By site-directed mutagenesis analyses we demonstrate that these four amino acids are important for yeast TFIIB’s activity in vivo. Finally, we show that mutations in the species-speciﬁc region of yeast TFIIB can differentially affect the expression of genes activated by different activators in vivo. These results provide strong evidence suggesting that yeast TFIIB is involved in the process of transcriptional activation in living cells.
Estimation of the Elderly Getting Out of Bed Using a Sheet-type Pressure Sensor

— In this paper, we propose a method of estimating the care recipient's posture on the bed in detail and predicting the care recipient's getting out of the bed. In order to grasp the movement and posture of the care recipient on the bed in real time, a classifier that estimates the posture of the care recipient on the bed is created by machine learning. The explanatory variables were the position of the center of gravity of each part of the care recipient, the average value of the velocity and acceleration of the position of the center of gravity over a certain period of time, and the variance and covariance of the position of the center of gravity, and 16 types of body positions were classified. As a result of Random Forest, we were able to classify with an F value of 0.72 or more. This suggests that it is possible to estimate the getting out of the bed of a care recipient in real time.
Real-time bioacoustics monitoring and automated

Traditionally, animal species diversity and abundance is assessed using a variety of methods that are generally costly, limited in space and time, and most importantly, they rarely include a permanent record. Given the urgency of climate change and the loss of habitat, it is vital that we use new technologies to improve and expand global biodiversity monitoring to thousands of sites around the world. In this article, we describe the acoustical component of the Automated Remote Biodiversity Monitoring Network (ARBIMON), a novel combination of hardware and software for automating data acquisition, data management, and species identification based on audio recordings. The major components of the cyberinfrastructure include: a solar powered remote monitoring station that sends 1-minute recordings every 10 minutes to a base station, which relays the recordings in real-time to the project server, where the recordings are processed and uploaded to the project website (arbimon.net). Along with a module for viewing, listening, and annotating recordings, the website includes a species identification interface to help users create machine learning algorithms to automate species identification. To demonstrate the system we present data on the vocal activity patterns of birds, frogs, insects, and mammals from Puerto Rico and Costa Rica.
ORR_A_315582 89..93

Stony Brook University Hospital, Department of Orthopaedics, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common pathology affecting the knee joint. Twenty percent of the cartilaginous tumors of bone are in the distal femur. This presents a challenge for treating patients with knee OA who also have ipsilateral distal femur cartilage tumors. We propose a classification system for knee OA with ipsilateral cartilaginous tumor and a treatment approach to address this issue. Intramedullary guides are avoided when performing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in these patients so as not to further contaminate the femur with tumor cells. A non-image-based stereotactic surgical system is favored at our institution to achieve this goal. Seven patients underwent classification and treatment with TKA utilizing this approach. Average final follow-up was 15.3 months. Component alignment averaged 89.2° and all patients had 0° of extension with an average flexion to 107.5°. There were no postoperative complications and no radiographic evidence of component complication, tumor recurrence, or tumor expansion. Few studies have reported on the treatment of knee OA with concurrent cartilaginous tumor of the distal femur. All patients treated with the proposed approach had their OA successfully treated without complication related to their cartilaginous tumor or TKA components. This case series presents a novel classification and treatment algorithm to potentially guide arthroplasty surgeons in approaching these often-concurrent occurring pathologies.
Quaternary Lidocaine Derivatives: Past, Present, and Future

: Local anesthetics have the advantage of complete analgesia with fewer side effects compared to systemic analgesics. However, their clinical use is limited due to their short duration of action. Thus, local anesthetics with fast onset, long duration of action, selective nociceptive block, and low local and systemic toxicity are highly desirable. In the past electrophysiological studies, quaternary lidocaine derivatives (QLDs) showed these characteristics. Here, we review electrophysiological properties of QLDs and their pharmacodynamic characteristics to shed light on potential problems.
Quadratic Discrete Fourier Transform and Mutually Unbiased Bases

The present chapter [submitted for publication in "Fourier Transforms, Theory and Applications", G. Nikolic (Ed.), InTech (Open Access Publisher), Vienna, 2011] is concerned with the introduction and study of a quadratic discrete Fourier transform. This Fourier transform can be considered as a two-parameter extension, with a quadratic term, of the usual discrete Fourier transform. In the case where the two parameters are taken to be equal to zero, the quadratic discrete Fourier transform is nothing but the usual discrete Fourier transform. The quantum quadratic discrete Fourier transform plays an important role in the field of quantum information. In particular, such a transformation in prime dimension can be used for obtaining a complete set of mutually unbiased bases.
DNA-binding mutations and RUNX1-PRDM16 cryptic fusions in BCR-ABL+

RUNX1 leukemias are frequently associated with secondary trisomy 21 and may contribute to clonal evolution and imatinib resistance. alterations in Abstract Acquired molecular abnormalities (mutations or chromosomal translocations) of the RUNX1 transcription factor gene are frequent in acute myeloblastic leukemias (AML) and in therapy-related myelodysplastic syndromes, but rarely in acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL) and chronic myelogenous leukemias (CML). Among 18 BCR-ABL+ leukemias presenting acquired trisomy of chromosome 21, we report a high frequency (33%) of recurrent point mutations (4 in myeloid blast crisis (BC) CML and one in chronic phase CML) within the DNA-binding region of RUNX1 . We did not found any mutation in de novo BCR-ABL+ ALLs or lymphoid BC CML. Emergence of the RUNX1 mutations was detected at diagnosis or before the acquisition of trisomy 21 during disease progression. In addition, we also report a high frequency of cryptic chromosomal RUNX1 translocation to a novel recently described gene partner, PRDM16 on chromosome 1p36, for 3 out of 14 investigated patients (21.4%): 2 myeloid BC CMLs and, for the first time, 1 therapy-related BCR-ABL+ ALL. Two patients presented both RUNX1 mutations and RUNX1-PRDM16 fusion. These events are associated with a short survival and support the concept of a cooperative effect of BCR-ABL with molecular RUNX1 abnormalities on the differentiation arrest phenotype observed during progression of CML and in BCR-ABL+ ALL.
Surface Properties and Ion Release from Fluoride-Containing Bioactive Glasses Promote Osteoblast Differentiation and Mineralisation in vitro

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Causality and Persistence

This work explores the relations between causality and counterfactual implication and pro-poses a counterfactual theory of causality. The proposed model permits a richer formalization than Lewis’ (1973) counterfactual analysis of causality. The ﬁrst objection to Lewis’ theory, that reducing the notion of causation to the notion of similarity between possible worlds amounts to reducing a hard problem to an harder one, is surpassed eliminating the notion of similarity between accessible worlds and introducing the notion of similarity between what is deﬁned as possible histories. The epiphenomena problem and the eﬀects problem, approached with the proposed notion of causality, are minimized. Some notions of persistence using the theory of causality proposed are deﬁned. The presented temporal language LT , a ﬁrst order language, includes the notions deﬁned of persistence and counterfactual implication.
Interpretation and Classification of Emotions on Computational Social Science

—Interpretation and Classification of Emotions is perhaps one of the most popular applications of NLP. Categorization and elucidation of emotions is contextual text mining that is related with the analysis and understanding of human emotions from textual data. In the area of tourism, the internet plays a major role in the advertisement of hotels. Travelers convey their experience in the hotel by posting reviews or comments on the internet. The Vendors can be benefited by considering and correcting user reviews on the internet to improvise and assess their hotels. With the reviews available in abundance over social media , excursionists find it difficult to understand all the reviews whether they have positive or negative suggestions. It takes Computational Social Science to rapidly identify if the review is a positive or negative review. Evolution in social platforms such as tourist blogs, Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn has fueled interest in Interpretation and Classification of Emotion. This paper focuses on extracting different categories of customer’s reviews about various places of stay and analyzing the category that gives better results. Multilayer Perceptron model is used for classification of data into negative and positive sentiment categories. Classifying the data into positive and negative classes with fewer mis-classifications is the primary focus.