Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of a virtual car model and subsequent physical validation

The goal of this master thesis is to optimize approaches to the universal methodology for the creation of virtual car models based on physical testing of real cars. Nowadays, the rapid development of ADAS technology forces us to find new ways of car testing. Since the complexity and amount of possible scenarios which have to be considered to ensure the right functionality of the systems is too high, it makes complex physical testing impossible. This leads to a necessity for software simulation testing, which will help us to test the systems in more efficient, quicker and less expensive way. It is, however, necessary to have an appropriate virtual environment to run these tests correctly. This means that the virtual car model has to behave as close to the real car as possible. The thesis shall cover the following topics: • A literature review of current approaches in dynamic model development • Building up a test list which will prove the accuracy of the virtual model • Running these tests both in real and virtual world • Compare the results and suggest the approach which will ensure reasonable accuracy in general use
A hybrid data encryption technique using RSA for cloud data storage

: Cloud computing is an data technology (IT) paradigm that enables repeated pierce to distributed pools of configurable process resources and higher-level companies which can be rapidly provisioned with small administration work, usually over the Internet. Cloud computing utilizes sharing of assets to accomplish coherence and economies of degree, just like a community utility[1]. Cloud computing protection could be the pair of control-based technologies and guidelines developed to adhere to regulatory conformity principles and protect data, information programs and infrastructure related to cloud computing use[2]. With an increase of companies using cloud computing and associated cloud providers for information procedures, proper security in these and different probably susceptible parts have grown to be a concern for companies acquiring with a cloud processing provider[3][4]. This paper is centered on safety dilemmas in cloud computing. In this we use cryptographic algorithm for obtaining security of information around our cloud[5]. We proposed a technique hybrid RSA to increase the confidentiality and security of data. We uses hash codes to keep the integrity of the information. We also raise the authentication of security of the cloud computing using multi-level authentication[6].
Monocular 3D Scene Reconstruction for an Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle- Acronym

The real-time 3D reconstruction of the surrounding scene is a key part in the pipeline of the autonomous flight of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The combination of an inertial measurement unit (IMU) and a monocular camera is a common and inexpensive sensor setup that can be used to recover the scale of the environment. This thesis aims to develop an algorithm solving this problem for this particular setup by leveraging the existing visual-inertial navigation system (VINS) odometry algorithms for localisation. Two algorithms are developed, wide-baseline matching-based and small-baseline tracking-based. Also, an offline post-processing structure-refinement step is implemented to further improve the resulting structure. The algorithms and the refinement step are then evaluated on publicly available datasets. Furthermore, they are tested in a simulator and a real-world experiment is conducted. The results show that the tracking-based algorithm is significantly more performant. Importantly, tests on the datasets and the real-world experiments suggest that this algorithm can be practically employed in application scenarios.
Oxidation and Reduction under Cover: Chemistry at the Confined Space between Ultrathin Nanoporous Silicates and Ru(0001)

The oxidation and reduction of Ru(0001) surfaces at the confined space between two-dimensional nanoporous silica frameworks and Ru(0001) have been investigated using synchrotron-based ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AP-XPS). The porous nature of the frameworks and the weak interaction between the silica and the ruthenium substrate allow oxygen and hydrogen molecules to go through the nanopores and react with the metal at the interface between the silica framework and the metal surface. In this work, three types of two-dimensional silica frameworks have been used to study their influence in the oxidation and reduction of the ruthenium surface at elevated pressures and temperatures. These frameworks are bilayer silica (0.5 nm thick), bilayer aluminosilicate (0.5 nm thick), and zeolite MFI nanosheets (3 nm thick). It is found that the silica frameworks stay essentially intact under these conditions, but they strongly affect the oxidation of ruthenium, with the 0.5 nm thick aluminosilicate .
Seed selection for successful fuzzing

Mutation-based greybox fuzzing---unquestionably the most widely-used fuzzing technique---relies on a set of non-crashing seed inputs (a corpus) to bootstrap the bug-finding process. When evaluating a fuzzer, common approaches for constructing this corpus include: (i) using an empty file; (ii) using a single seed representative of the target's input format; or (iii) collecting a large number of seeds (e.g., by crawling the Internet). Little thought is given to how this seed choice affects the fuzzing process, and there is no consensus on which approach is best (or even if a best approach exists). To address this gap in knowledge, we systematically investigate and evaluate how seed selection affects a fuzzer's ability to find bugs in real-world software. This includes a systematic review of seed selection practices used in both evaluation and deployment contexts, and a large-scale empirical evaluation (over 33 CPU-years) of six seed selection approaches. These six seed selection approaches include three corpus minimization techniques (which select the smallest subset of seeds that trigger the same range of instrumentation data points as a full corpus). Our results demonstrate that fuzzing outcomes vary significantly depending on the initial seeds used to bootstrap the fuzzer, with minimized corpora outperforming singleton, empty, and large (in the order of thousands of files) seed sets. Consequently, we encourage seed selection to be foremost in mind when evaluating/deploying fuzzers, and recommend that (a) seed choice be carefully considered and explicitly documented, and (b) never to evaluate fuzzers with only a single seed.
Supplementary Material: Interactive Video Retrieval with Dialog

According to [1], in the annotation process of the AVSD dataset, two workers on Amazon Mechanical Turk (AMT) were asked to help annotate a video, one of whom is a questioner and the other is an answerer. The questioner is presented with 3 static images (frames) from the video v i.e., beginning, middle and end of the video, which we write Fb, Fm, Fe respectively, then asks a question. The answerer, who has already watched the video and read a script D0 about the video, responds. At the end of the dialog, the questioner has to provide a written summary of what happened in the video based on his/her prediction about the target video v inspired by the dialog history. Therefore, the questioner needs to ask questions to obtain a good understanding of what is actually happening in the video. Additionally, two workers are implicitly encouraged to hold conversations with rich information unique to videos in this protocol. Based on his/her experience θexp, the questioner asks questions Q̃ = {q̃t}t=1 such that q̃t = human(H1, ., Ht−1, Fb,m,e, v pred t−1 ; θexp), (19)
REVIEW ON COORDINATED MULTI POINT TRANSMISSION IN CLUSTERING MODEL

: Coordinated Multipoint is used to deliver improved work, especially at cell edges by using the facility of more than one base station to setup the communications. LTE (Long Term Evolution) COMP uses a number of various methods dynamically to coordinate the transmission. LTE-A is one of the major aspect and also upcoming concept for interference mitigation in 5 th generation (5G). The proposal work is to enhance overall quality for the user and also improving the uses of the network. Cellular networks data traffic will extend at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 46 percentage from 2017 to 2022, reaching 77.5 Exabyte’s per month by2022.wireless networks will need to create number of small cells for this increasing demand. Deployment of small cells will need advanced mitigation techniques to enhance efficiency of spectrum and develop much needed capacity. Coordinated multipoint transmission is used for inter-cell interference (ICI), enhance edge cell throughput and also extending network coverage. However, cooperation will need to be limited cells only due to additional overhead by COMP due to channel state information (CSI) scheduling complexity and other backhaul limitation.
Self-organization of feedforward structure and entrainment in excitatory neural networks with spike-timing-dependent plasticity

Spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP) is an organizing principle of biological neural networks. While synchronous firing of neurons is considered to be an important functional block in the brain, how STDP shapes neural networks possibly toward synchrony is not entirely clear. We examine relations between STDP and synchronous firing in spontaneously firing neural populations. Using coupled heterogeneous phase oscillators placed on initial networks, we show numerically that STDP prunes some synapses and promotes formation of a feedforward network. Eventually a pacemaker, which is the neuron with the fastest inherent frequency in our numerical simulations, emerges at the root of the feedforward network. In each oscillatory cycle, a packet of neural activity is propagated from the pacemaker to downstream neurons along layers of the feedforward network. This event occurs above a clear-cut threshold value of the initial synaptic weight. Below the threshold, neurons are self-organized into separate clusters each of which is a feedforward network.
on Cloud Technologies

: Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services including servers, storage, databases, networking, software, analytics, and intelligence over the Internet (“the cloud”) to offer faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale. Cloud computing a new in the computing world. Resources as a commodity resources as a business. It a move from computer technology computing as a service as a commodity bought and generated a large scale data to its customers through the internet centers or cloud centers that are becoming more and more popular day by day in the IT industry as it’s providing them with their needs relating to data. And it’s improving itself in the area where it is lagging behind. In this paper the first peer reviewed systematic review in this area. The progress made in technology foundation are discussed in this paper. In this paper also discussed the strategic aspects of the cloud agenda advance in the introduction of similar innovations modelling methods are presented here.
NEWS ARTICLES CLUSTERING: A REVIEW

: With the ongoing growth of users and advancement in technology to communicate and to share large volumes of data & information on the web, data mining have been widely researched topic by different groups and organizations. Text mining which is a subclass of data mining is one of the important research areas since textual data is increasing rapidly to petabytes. A large portion of total number of users on internet is interested in daily news articles. So producers of news data, such as Google, Yahoo etc produce news data on daily basis. Also users want to be updated of recent news, so every minute vast amount of textual news data is generated by different news portals on web. Therefore the management and organization of these large amounts of data is important so that their retrieval becomes more easy and relevant. This paper presents a review on the study of clustering of news articles.
IMPLEMENTATION OF TQM AND ITS EFFECT OF ON EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION IN INDIAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES

This research presents new data and insights into the critical success factors of TQM and the relationship between TQM implementation and employee satisfaction . The main purpose of this research is to determine the impact of TQM implementation on employee satisfaction in the context of Indian chemical Industries. As very few research on TQM has been done in the developing countries, so our aim is to analyze the status of the Indian chemical industries for TQM implementation, as India is becoming a major sourcing base for the world and there is a paucity of such research.
Laboratory Evaluation of Low-Cost Optical Particle Counters for Environmental and Occupational Exposures

Low-cost optical particle counters effectively measure particulate matter (PM) mass concentrations once calibrated. Sensor calibration can be established by deriving a linear regression model by performing side-by-side measurements with a reference instrument. However, calibration differences between environmental and occupational settings have not been demonstrated. This study evaluated four commercially available, low-cost PM sensors (OPC-N3, SPS30, AirBeam2, and PMS A003) in both settings. The mass concentrations of three aerosols (salt, Arizona road dust, and Poly-alpha-olefin-4 oil) were measured and compared with a reference instrument. OPC-N3 and SPS30 were highly correlated (r = 0.99) with the reference instrument for all aerosol types in environmental settings. In occupational settings, SPS30, AirBeam2, and PMS A003 exhibited high correlation (>0.96), but the OPC-N3 correlation varied (r = 0.88–1.00). Response significantly (p < 0.001) varied between environmental and occupational settings for most particle sizes and aerosol types. Biases varied by particle size and aerosol type. SPS30 and OPC-N3 exhibited low bias for environmental settings, but all of the sensors showed a high bias for occupational settings. For intra-instrumental precision, SPS30 exhibited high precision for salt for both settings compared to the other low-cost sensors and aerosol types. These findings suggest that SPS30 and OPC-N3 can provide a reasonable estimate of PM mass concentrations if calibrated differently for environmental and occupational settings using site-specific calibration factors.
Implementing Quotas

David Strauss has provided an elegant analysis of the law and economics of racial discrimination in employment. ' If his argument is correct, our current approach to racial discrimination in employment is, at the very least, suboptimal. Whatever the niceties of our increasingly sophisticated arguments concerning "disparate treatment" versus "disparate impact" analyses, we are unlikely to make much progress toward the ultimate goal of ending employment discrimination unless we turn our attention to prescribing quotas, rather than denying any intention to do so. Strauss's suggestions thus have a decidedly radical flavor. Had he been given only the task of demonstrating that law and economics analysis does not lead inexorably to conservative political positions, he would have succeeded admirably. As it is, Strauss's law and economics radicalism is merely a by-product of his successfully accomplishing his role for this conference, providing a strikingly new agenda for the discussion of racial discrimination in employment. In this comment I do not want to argue with Strauss's economic analysis. I agree with virtually all of it, and there are those better equipped than I am for that task. Instead, I want to discuss two different issues. The first, to put the matter starkly, concerns Strauss's attempt to make beliefs about the existence, prevalence, or causes of discrimination virtually irrelevant to public policies attempting to remedy racial disparities in employment. The second concerns the institutional structure that might be implied by Strauss's prescriptions. Although both topics could be thought of as questions of "implementation" or "implementability," the first focuses on issues of political morality, and the second on questions of bureaucratic feasibility.
Chromium is proposed as an ideal metal to form contacts with monolayer MoS2 and WS2

In this paper, fifteen kinds of metal contacts to monolayer MoS2 and WS2 are investigated by first principles calculations. In a variety of metal contacts, the sixth subgroup metals (including Cr, Mo, W) show collective advantages in forming contacts with MoS2 or WS2. They have more favorable interface bonding, higher densities of states at the Fermi level, and lower potential barriers. Molybdenum (Mo) is one of the elements that form molybdenum disulphide (MoS2), and has been proved to form high quality contacts with MoS2. Similarly, tungsten (W) is one of the elements that form tungsten tellurium (WTe2), and is suggested to form favorable contacts with WTe2. The third metal in the sixth subgroup, chromium (Cr), is found here to be a superior metal compared with molybdenum and tungsten to form favorable contacts with molybdenum disulphide and tungsten disulphide. In all sixth subgroup metal contacts, Cr/MoS2 and Cr/WS2 show the best electronic transport properties and chromium has a lower melting point than molybdenum and tungsten, which lead to easier to process devices with transition-metal dichalcogenides.
The Reactivity of 4-Hydroxycoumarin under Heterogeneous High-Intensity Sonochemical Conditions

High-intensity ultrasounds have been employed in the synthesis of 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives, using mainly water as reaction medium. Marked improvements of reaction rates, chemoselectivity and product yields have been observed on comparing sonochemical with ordinary conditions. In the alkylation of a series of allyl and benzyl bromides a pathway switch occured to yield 3-alkyl-4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives.
Backdoor Attacks in Sequential Decision-Making Agents

Recent work has demonstrated robust mechanisms by which attacks can be orchestrated on machine learning models. In contrast to adversarial examples, backdoor or trojan attacks embed surgically modiﬁed samples in the model training process to cause the targeted model to learn to misclassify samples in the presence of speciﬁc triggers, while keeping the model performance stable across other nominal samples. However, current published research on trojan attacks mainly focuses on classiﬁcation problems, which ignores sequential dependency between inputs. In this paper, we propose meth-ods to discreetly introduce and exploit novel backdoor attacks within a sequential decision-making agent, such as a reinforcement learning agent, by training multiple benign and malicious policies within a single long short-term memory (LSTM) network, where the malicious policy can be activated by a short realizable trigger introduced to the agent. We demonstrate the effectiveness through initial outcomes generated from our approach as well as discuss the impact of such attacks in defense scenarios. We also provide evidence as well as intuition on how the trojan trigger and malicious policy is activated. In the end, we propose potential approaches to defend against or serve as early detection for such attacks.
Social Inequality and the Spread of Misinformation

We study the spread of misinformation in a social network characterized by unequal access to learning resources. Agents use social learning to uncover an unknown state of the world, and a principal strategically injects misinformation into the network to distort this learning process. A subset of agents throughout the network is endowed with knowledge of the true state. This gives rise to a natural definition of inequality: privileged communities have unrestricted access to these agents, whereas marginalized communities do not. We show that the role that this inequality plays in the spread of misinformation is highly complex. For instance, communities who hoard resources and deny them to the larger population can end up exposing themselves to more misinformation. Conversely, although more inequality generally leads to worse outcomes, the prevalence of misinformation in society is nonmonotone in the level of inequality. This implies that policies that decrease inequality without substantially reducing it can leave society more vulnerable to misinformation. This paper was accepted by Baris Ata, stochastic models and simulation.
Adapting the Pore Size of Individual, 3D-Printed CPC Scaffolds in Maxillofacial Surgery

Three dimensional (3D) printing allows additive manufacturing of patient specific scaffolds with varying pore size and geometry. Such porous scaffolds, made of 3D-printable bone-like calcium phosphate cement (CPC), are suitable for bone augmentation due to their benefit for osteogenesis. Their pores allow blood-, bone- and stem cells to migrate, colonize and finally integrate into the adjacent tissue. Furthermore, the pore size affects the scaffold’s stability. Since scaffolds in maxillofacial surgery have to withstand high forces within the jaw, adequate mechanical properties are of high clinical importance. Although many studies have investigated CPC for bone augmentation, the ideal porosity for specific indications has not been defined yet. We investigated 3D printed CPC cubes with increasing pore sizes and different printing orientations regarding cell migration and mechanical properties in comparison to commercially available bone substitutes. Furthermore, by investigating clinical cases, the scaffolds’ designs were adapted to resemble the in vivo conditions as accurately as possible. Our findings suggest that the pore size of CPC scaffolds for bone augmentation in maxillofacial surgery necessarily needs to be adapted to the surgical site. Scaffolds for sites that are not exposed to high forces, such as the sinus floor, should be printed with a pore size of 750 µm to benefit from enhanced cell infiltration. In contrast, for areas exposed to high pressures, such as the lateral mandible, scaffolds should be manufactured with a pore size of 490 µm to guarantee adequate cell migration and in order to withstand the high forces during the chewing process.
Applying Mutual Guidance to Anchor-free detectors

The principle of Mutual Guidance in object detection is to assign labels of one task according to the prediction on the other task, and vice versa. Apparently, it is not limited to anchor-based methods, but applicable for any object detector that performs localization and classiﬁcation tasks. Here we introduce the application of Mutual Guid-ance in anchor-free methods. Experiments conducted on PASCAL VOC dataset demonstrate the consistent precision improvements brought by our method on this category of detectors
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TWO GIANT EAST ASIAN COUNTRIES’ EXCHANGE RATES AND STOCK PRICES IN INDIA

The broad objective of this study is to analyse the long-term relationship and short term dynamic inter-linkages between two giant East Asian countries’ exchange rates and stock prices in India. This paper is based on 10 years’ daily data i.e. from 1 Jan 2010 to 31 Dec 2019 of nominal exchange rates of Chinese YAUN, Japanese YEN and daily closing values of Nifty 50. In this study, Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) is applied to test stationarity of data and it is found stationary at first difference. Karl Pearson correlation test is used to find the correlating relationship between the variables and it is found that both the variables are not correlated significantly. Johansen's co-integration test is applied to determine the long-run equilibrium relationship between the variables which revealed that there exist co-integration relationship (long‐ term balance) between exchange rate and stock prices. Granger causality test is employed to determine the causality and short-term relationship between the variables and the result revealed unidirectional causality running from exchange rate to stock prices, indicates that the volatility that occurred in the exchange rate will cause volatility in stock