Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stability Analysis of Grid-Connected Voltage-Source Converters Using SISO Modeling

The interaction of a grid-connected voltage-source converter with a weak grid is of significant interest. In this paper, the converter together with the grid impedance is modeled as a single-input single-output (SISO) system. Provided that certain assumptions hold, this allows us to apply the standard SISO Nyquist stability criterion for stability analysis and controller design. The derived model is verified against time-domain simulations and experiments. The method facilitates the design of the converter control system with adequate stability margins.
Understanding digit‐only financial account passwords: ID card, structure, and security

Password‐based authentication is widely used in website access. Current studies on password security have focused considerable attention on letter‐only passwords or passwords that include both letters and digits. However, little research has been conducted on commercial and digit‐only passwords. In this paper, we comprehensively evaluate digit‐only passwords by analyzing approximately 130,000 passwords from the 12306 data set. We observe that approximately 20% of six‐digit passwords belonging to Chinese users include the user's identity document (ID) card information. Most of the passwords are found to be related to the user's birth dates. Additionally, we demonstrate that male users are more likely to set passwords with digits extracted from their ID card numbers than female users. It is the first time that the relation between real‐user passwords and ID card series numbers was considered. It focuses on actual attack methodologies and real‐user passwords, which renders this study an explicit study on digit‐only password security. We propose a password‐encryption authentication model based on FF3‐1 to implement secure storage of passwords. We experiment with ciphertext and plaintext passwords using three–three and four–two structures combined with probabilistic context‐free grammars. The cracking success rates of ciphertext passwords are found to be 0.086% and 1.06%, and they can recover 59.83% and 33.2% of the passwords in the test set. Conversely, using plaintext passwords results in the recovery of 98% and 85% of passwords in the test set. Our results demonstrate that the use of encryption for password storage can significantly reduce the cracking success rate of attackers.
An Integrated Credit-Based Incentive Protocol for Symbol-Level Network-Coded Cooperative Content Distribution among Vehicular Nodes

In traditional symbol-level network coding (SLNC)-based cooperative content distribution approaches, they ignore nodes in the vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) having various network-coded content pieces and distinct levels of interests and selfishness for different kinds of content data, which further prevents these vehicular nodes from forwarding their content information to other nodes. With these approaches, these nodes suffer from the low ratio and the long latency to receive all content information. In this paper, based on distinct levels of node interests and selfishness on different content information, we first categorize vehicular nodes into four classes, that is, the destination, intermediate, irrelevant and overhearing ones and then designate their associated credit-based incentive approaches. Second, we modify the flow of traditional SLNC-based cooperative content distribution operations and propose the content bitmap to realize the difference of network-coded content pieces among vehicular nodes. Further, we rigidly combine the proposed credit-based incentive approach with the modified SLNC-based cooperative content distribution operations in SocialCode to encourage all classes of vehicular nodes to rise their incentives for sharing content data in the cooperative content distribution process. Finally, we perform NS-2 simulations on a street map of downtown Taipei, Taiwan to exhibit the high efficiency of SocialCode over related credit-based incentive approaches by analyzing the following performance metrics, that is, average decoding percentage, file downloading delay and credits, with respect to different file sizes and total numbers of vehicular nodes. As the best knowledge we have, SocialCode is one of the first few researches that works on the integration between the credit-based incentive protocol and the SLNC-based cooperative content distribution.
Circulating Exosome Cargoes Contain Functionally Diverse Cancer Biomarkers: From Biogenesis and Function to Purification and Potential Translational Utility

Simple Summary The indolent nature of some cancers makes early detection challenging, as such significant effort is placed on identifying circulating cancer biomarkers using minimally invasive, highly sensitive diagnostic assays. Biological fluids contain small extracellular vesicles including exosomes, which have many tissue origins. Cancer cells increase production and release of exosomes in the circulation to deliver biologically active compounds that can reprogram recipient cells, which potentially represent a valuable source of biomarkers. In this review, we evaluate the biogenesis of exosomes to understand how cancer cells alter their production and how their molecular cargoes interact with the microenvironment. Next, we provide a comprehensive inventory of techniques available for exosome purification, as this represents the most critical aspect for sensitive and specific evaluation of their biomarker content. Finally, we provide a current evaluation of their use as human cancer biomarkers. Abstract Although diagnostic and therapeutic treatments of cancer have tremendously improved over the past two decades, the indolent nature of its symptoms has made early detection challenging. Thus, inter-disciplinary (genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and lipidomic) research efforts have been focused on the non-invasive identification of unique “silver bullet” cancer biomarkers for the design of ultra-sensitive molecular diagnostic assays. Circulating tumor biomarkers, such as CTCs and ctDNAs, which are released by tumors in the circulation, have already demonstrated their clinical utility for the non-invasive detection of certain solid tumors. Considering that exosomes are actively produced by all cells, including tumor cells, and can be found in the circulation, they have been extensively assessed for their potential as a source of circulating cell-specific biomarkers. Exosomes are particularly appealing because they represent a stable and encapsulated reservoir of active biological compounds that may be useful for the non-invasive detection of cancer. T biogenesis of these extracellular vesicles is profoundly altered during carcinogenesis, but because they harbor unique or uniquely combined surface proteins, cancer biomarker studies have been focused on their purification from biofluids, for the analysis of their RNA, DNA, protein, and lipid cargoes. In this review, we evaluate the biogenesis of normal and cancer exosomes, provide extensive information on the state of the art, the current purification methods, and the technologies employed for genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and lipidomic evaluation of their cargoes. Our thorough examination of the literature highlights the current limitations and promising future of exosomes as a liquid biopsy for the identification of circulating tumor biomarkers.
Traffic Steering for eMBB and uRLLC Coexistence in Open Radio Access Networks

Existing radio access network (RAN) architectures are lack of sufficient openness, flexibility, and intelligence to meet the diverse demands of emerging services in beyond 5G and 6G wireless networks, including enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) and ultra-reliable and low-latency (uRLLC). Open RAN (ORAN) is a promising paradigm that allows building a virtualized and intelligent architecture. In this paper, we focus on traffic steering (TS) scheme based on multi-connectivity (MC) and network slicing (NS) techniques to efficiently allocate heterogeneous network resources in “NextG” cellular networks. We formulate the RAN resource allocation problem to simultaneously maximize the weighted sum eMBB throughput and minimize the worst-user uRLLC latency subject to QoS requirements, and orthogonality, power, and limited fronthaul constraints. Since the formulated problem is categorized as a mixed integer nonlinear problem (MINLP), we first relax binary variables to continuous ones and develop an efficient iterative algorithm based on successive convex approximation technique. System-level simulation results demon-strate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, compared to several well-known benchmark schemes.
Dual-Ascent Hierarchical Control-Based Distribution Power Loss Reduction of Parallel-Connected Distributed Energy Storage Systems in DC Microgrids

In this article, the loss of dc microgrid with distributed energy storage systems (DESSs) is modeled as one unified function of the output currents. Based on the theoretical proof of this article, the loss model is a smooth concave function and has only one extreme point. Then, a dual-ascent algorithm is proposed to online optimize the current distribution coefficients. The current distribution coefficients move in the direction of minimizing the distribution loss iteratively. The adaptive secondary control is applied to realize the given current sharing rate among DESSs. To cope with the changes in model parameters, one online line resistance identification method is designed in this article. Besides, a state-of-charge limitation mechanism is added to the control strategy to prevent deep discharge or overcharge. Thereby, the real-time loss minimization operation is achieved, regardless of line resistance and load variations. The simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the proposed hierarchical control in mitigating the distribution loss in various cases, including charging/discharging operation, output power clip, plug-in and out of DESSs, and daily operation.
Evolution and Recent Scenario of Nanotechnology in Agriculture and Food Industries

Nanotechnology is an emerging technology in the field of food and agriculture; every individual molecule and atom can be modified or controlled by this technology. Everything that exists on the earth is made up of atoms and molecules. Problems in all the fields can easily be overcome by modifying or altering their nanosize. Similarly, nanotechnology could address many issues in the agriculture and food industries. Nanomaterials play a keen role in the place of pesticides, fertilizers, and biosensors. Nutrition enhancement, safe delivery of bioactive components and micronutrients, and food preservations were facilitated by the applications of nanotechnologies. Efforts have to be taken to create awareness among the public in this nanotechnology field. Future research directions were identified in this review to improve the nanoembedded agriculture system. This article reviews the recent development in the agriculture and food industries through nanotechnology, application of nanotechnology in the food and agricultural sectors, and research backlogs in such sectors.
Kidney Involvement in Systemic Sclerosis

Background: Systemic sclerosis is a chronic multisystem autoimmune disease, characterized by diffuse fibrosis and abnormalities of microcirculation and small arterioles in the skin, joints and visceral organs. Material and Methods: We searched for the relevant articles on systemic sclerosis and kidney involvement in systemic sclerosis in the NIH library of medicine, transplant, rheumatologic and nephrological journals. Results: Half of patients with systemic sclerosis have clinical evidence of kidney involvement. Scleroderma renal crisis represents the most specific and serious renal event associated with this condition. It is characterized by an abrupt onset of moderate to marked hypertension and kidney failure. Early and aggressive treatment is mandatory to prevent irreversible organ damage and death. The advent of ACE-inhibitors revolutionized the management of scleroderma renal crisis. However, the outcomes of this serious complication are still poor, and between 20 to 50% of patients progress to end stage renal disease. Conclusions: Scleroderma renal crisis still represents a serious and life-threatening event. Thus, further studies on its prevention and on new therapeutic strategies should be encouraged.
Incidence du diabète dans les essais cliniques utilisant des antihypertenseurs

significative du risque d’apparition du diabète. Dans 6 essais comparant un inhibiteur calcique à un diurétique ou à un bêtabloquant ou en association, la population de patients développant un diabète était significativement réduite dans le groupe inhibiteurs calciques comparativement aux autres groupes. Une méta-analyse en réseau est une nouvelle méthode statistique permettant de réaliser des comparaisons directes et indirectes même lorsque deux stratégies n’ont pas été comparées de façon directe (IEC versus AA2). Les auteurs ont ainsi développé cette technique de méta-analyse en réseau afin d’estimer le risque relatif de développer un diabète pendant un traitement à long terme en utilisant des molécules antihypertensives chez les patients. Ont été inclus dans cette méta-analyse 143 153 patients (22 essais cliniques) ; le traitement diurétique initial servait de traitement de référence (odds ratio 1) (figure 1).
Hydraulic Issues Concerning Injection of Harvested Rainwater to the Subsurface Through Drywells: Insight From Numerical Simulations of Flow in a Realistic Combined Vadose Zone‐Groundwater Flow System

This study focuses on the analyses of field‐scale water flow originating from a drywell, using the 3‐D Richards equation for the local description of the flow in a spatially heterogeneous, combined vadose zone‐groundwater flow system. Realistic features of the flow system, that is, height of the groundwater table, records of the time‐dependent rainfall data, spatial heterogeneity of soil hydraulic properties and flow‐controlled attributes, as well as man‐controlled characteristics of the drywell, were considered in the analyses. The effect of (a) the depth‐dependency of the soil type, (b) the vertical position of the drywell's screen, and (c) the mode of water injection to the drywell (constant or time‐dependent), on the performance of the drywell, were examined. Results, and in particular those related to the importance of the soil type depth‐dependency with regard to the drywell performance, can be explained by the physics of flow in unsaturated soils of differing soil texture. Of specific significance is the transition zone between the two different soil types in the case in which the spatially‐heterogeneous coarse‐textured soil overlies the spatially heterogeneous fine‐textured soil. In this case, when most of the drywell screen is located within this transition zone and when the flow is transient and non‐monotonous, the downward flow from the drywell is maximized. Although this study is site‐specific, we believe that its results are novel and relevant for sandy to sandy‐clay soils associated with managed aquifer recharge technology based on a device whose vertical axis is perpendicular to the soil layering.
Impaired biological rhythm in men with methamphetamine use disorder: the relationship with sleep quality and depression

ABSTRACT Background This study, it was aimed to evaluate the biological rhythms of those with methamphetamine use disorder and to examine the relationship of biological rhythm with depression and sleep quality. Methods A total of 121 people (61 with methamphetamine use disorder, 60 healthy controls) participated in the study. Sociodemographic data forms, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) were administered for all patients and the healthy control group. Results Biological rhythm total scores of the patient group were higher than the control group (p < .001). When the correlation analyses were examined, r = 0.864 positive (p < .001) correlation was found between biological rhythm total scores and HAM-D; and r = 0.713 positive (p < .001) correlation between Pittsburgh total scores and biological rhythm total scores. According to the regression analysis, the total change in the biological rhythm total score level was 75.8, explained by the HAM-D total scores and Pittsburgh total scores (R2 = 0.758). Conclusions Chronotherapies can be considered in the treatment of biological rhythm disorders in patients with methamphetamine use disorder. It may also be useful to evaluate these patients in terms of depression and sleep quality.
Artificial Intelligence-Empowered 3D and 4D Printing Technologies toward Smarter Biomedical Materials and Approaches

In the last decades, 3D printing has played a crucial role as an innovative technology for tissue and organ fabrication, patient-specific orthoses, drug delivery, and surgical planning. However, biomedical materials used for 3D printing are usually static and unable to dynamically respond or transform within the internal environment of the body. These materials are fabricated ex situ, which involves first printing on a planar substrate and then deploying it to the target surface, thus resulting in a possible mismatch between the printed part and the target surfaces. The emergence of 4D printing addresses some of these drawbacks, opening an attractive path for the biomedical sector. By preprogramming smart materials, 4D printing is able to manufacture structures that dynamically respond to external stimuli. Despite these potentials, 4D printed dynamic materials are still in their infancy of development. The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) could push these technologies forward enlarging their applicability, boosting the design space of smart materials by selecting promising ones with desired architectures, properties, and functions, reducing the time to manufacturing, and allowing the in situ printing directly on target surfaces achieving high-fidelity of human body micro-structures. In this review, an overview of 4D printing as a fascinating tool for designing advanced smart materials is provided. Then will be discussed the recent progress in AI-empowered 3D and 4D printing with open-loop and closed-loop methods, in particular regarding shape-morphing 4D-responsive materials, printing on moving targets, and surgical robots for in situ printing. Lastly, an outlook on 5D printing is given as an advanced future technique, in which AI will assume the role of the fifth dimension to empower the effectiveness of 3D and 4D printing for developing intelligent systems in the biomedical sector and beyond.
Morphotypic Variation in Throat Coloration: A Continuous or a Discrete Trait? A Survival Analysis on a Polymorphic Lizard

Demographic models are useful for analyzing the effect of selective pressures on populations. Polymorphic populations display dramatic variation in phenotype, and different morphotypes representing alternative strategies are characterized by specific sets of behavioral, physiological, and morphological traits. Coloration is a classic polymorphic trait, and variation in this trait has been linked to other traits, such as aggressiveness, size, and immune responses. Many studies of polymorphic populations have placed individuals into discrete categories, assuming that all individuals of each morphotype have the same performance; however, traits related to color can vary between individuals possessing the same coloration or classified as the same morphotype. Here, we determined the association of survival to a continuous or a discrete classification based on the percentage of colored area in the gular spots in four populations of the Mesquite Lizard Sceloporus grammicus and tested for patterns among populations. In two of our study sites (both located in the volcano “La Malinche”), there was no association of coloration on survival with either a discrete or continuous classification. At the other two study sites, there was a continuous association of color on survival, which suggests that previous studies of variation in polymorphic species might have often been conducted at an inappropriate “resolution” and that predictions in our analyses could be improved.
A hereditaer nonpolyposus colorectalis carcinoma szindrómás betegek szűrésének és szoros utánkövetésének fontossága egy családfa bemutatása kapcsán Significance of the monitoring and screening for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma syndrome patients by presenting a case of a family

Bevezetés: A hereditaer nonpolyposus colorectalis carcinomára jellemző mutációk (HNPCC) autoszomális domináns öröklődésmenetet mutatnak. Leginkább vastagbéldaganatok kialakulásáért felelősek. Célkitűzés: A HNPCC-szindrómás betegek szűrésének és követésének fontosságát szeretnénk hangsúlyozni egy igazolt MMR-gén-mutációt hordozó betegünk jelenlegi és 10 évvel korábbi családfájának összehasonlításával. Betegek és módszer: Hazánkban előforduló, HNPCC-re gyanús családok kiszűrése érdekében anamné-zist veszünk fel. Amennyiben immunhisztokémiai mikroszatellitainstabilitás-vizsgálatok
College Sport Publication Trends Over 15 Decades: A Bibliometric Analysis

College sports have a significant impact on sport development. This study aims to provide a comprehensive elaboration by describing the publication's descriptive parameters, visualizing the citation pattern, extracting the author's keywords, and determining the impact and performance of research on college sports. This study includes an orientation for researchers to better understand advances in collegiate sports-related scientific publications. A thorough examination of the 947 documents found in the Scopus database was conducted from 1869 to 2022. According to the findings, the number of publications fluctuated, with 2021 having the highest number of publications. Among the 49 other countries, scholars from China accounted for approximately 325 of total global publications. Furthermore, with a total of 55 documents, the Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise is one of the most productive scientific sources. Overall, this topic's research is evolving, with new methods and directions being established. As a result, an in-depth examination of collegiate sports in a variety of research areas can help researchers and practitioners advance prospective knowledge in these fields.
Chronotropic Response and Heart Rate Variability before and after a 160 m Walking Test in Young, Middle-Aged, Frail, and Non-Frail Older Adults

The frailty syndrome is characterized by a decreased capacity to adequately respond to stressors. One of the most impaired physiological systems is the autonomous nervous system, which can be assessed through heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) analysis. In this article, we studied the chronotropic response (HR and HRV) to a walking test. We also analyzed HRV indices in rest as potential biomarkers of frailty. For this, a 160 m-walking test and two standing rest tests (before and after the walking) were performed by young (19–29 years old, n = 21, 57% women), middle-aged (30–59 years old, n = 16, 62% women), and frail older adults (>60 years old, n = 28, 40% women) and non-frail older adults (>60 years old, n = 15, 71% women), classified with the FRAIL scale and the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Frequency domain parameters better allowed to distinguish between frail and non-frail older adults (low-frequency power LF, high-frequency power HF (nu), LF/HF ratio, and ECG-derived respiration rate EDR). Frail older adults showed an increased HF (nu) and EDR and a reduced LF (nu) and LF/HF compared to non-frail older adults. The increase in HF (nu) could be due to a higher breathing effort. Our results showed that a walk of 160 m is a sufficient cardiovascular stressor to exhibit an attenuated autonomic response in frail older adults. Several HRV indices showed to be potential biomarkers of frailty, being LF (nu) and the time required to reach the maximum HR the best candidates.