Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simulation of Surfactant EOR in a Mechanistic Model with Fracture and Ekofisk Properties

Large amounts of oil are left in reservoirs after primary and secondary recovery. To recovery as much of the remaining oil as possible, EOR techniques as chemical flooding is considered. Naturally fractured carbonates have often large amount of residual oil left in the reservoir after primary and secondary production periods. Carbonates are in general more complex reservoirs than sandstones, thus must recovery methods be tailored for the environment of the reservoir system. Chemical EOR has become more attractive after the financial crisis in 2008 because of the high oil prices. Ekofisk is naturally fractured chalk reservoir, and is the largest, oldest and longest producing reservoir on Norwegian continental shelf. To improve the recovery is surfactant injection considered as a possible EOR method. A mechanist reservoir model with Ekofisk reservoir properties and a single fracture was made with the purpose to investigate the potential of surfactant injection in Ekofisk. Several parameters that effect the performance of surfactants was investigated and the recovery results were compared with a waterflood basecase. In addition was a mechanistic model with four fractures made for further investigation of surfactant flow in a fracture network and for comparison of the performance of a surfactant flood with surfactant-polymer flood. The authors simulation results show that surfactant injection should be considered for the field, but more research with a more advanced reservoir model with respect to possible wettability alteration, a larger fracture network and heterogeneity should be done. The model shows poor sweep efficiency in layers far from the fracture in the model, thus should an eventual chemical flood in Ekofisk be considered done with polymers. Surfactant concentration in the injection solution affects the surfactant performance the most. For the single fracture model is the recovery increased with 2,8% when surfactants are injected, and NPV was increased with 8,31E+06 $. For the 9-block model with four fractures, was the recovery improved with 3% for the surfactant-polymer flood compared with a surfactant flood. Also the NPV was increased with 3,71E+06$.
Project team: First‐year analysis at a regional campus site

Abstract The Project Transformative Educational Achievement Model (TEAM) is an instructional initiative designed to increase the number of students at university campuses from underrepresented minority and diverse urban backgrounds who enter teacher education programs. The goal is to support and encourage these students to complete a baccalaureate degree and to obtain a teaching license with the intent of eventually teaching in diverse urban environments. This project documents the recruitment and 1st‐year experiences of participants in the Project TEAM program on a regional campus in the Midwest region of the United States. A brief review of the literature is included, along with an exploration of issues of recruitment of the 1st‐year cohort group and the design of the initial Project TEAM seminars. Comments from the 1st‐year Project TEAM students are also included.
Development of a Water Education Module for Middle School Students under the Guidance of the Chihuahuan Desert Nature Park and based on EPSCoR funded Research on Evapotranspiration along the Middle Rio Grande

The southwest of the United States is a region that faces water scarcity. Riparian zone evapotranspiration (ET) losses along the Middle Rio Grande (MRG) are estimated to account for up to 37% of the total water budget (S.S. Papadopoulos, 2004). Annual estimates of the riparian zone ET for the MRG corridor range from 150 × 10 m to 375 × 10 m (Coonrod and McDonnell, 2001). Research funded by New Mexico Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (NM EPSCoR), focuses on investigating whether native or nonnative tree species lose more water through ET processes in the MRG. Through visual aids, a plant transpiration experiment, and a scale ET Study Site model, this activity will illustrate the importance of accounting for plant transpiration losses in the water budget as it relates to native and non-native plants. GRADE LEVEL(S): 5 – 8 OBJECTIVES: • Students will be able to describe ET research conducted along the MRG. • Students will be able to observe that native and non-native plant species transpire at different rates. NEW MEXICO SCIENCE CONTENT STANDARDS 5 Grade 1-1-1-6 Plan and conduct investigations, including formulating testable questions, making systematic observations, developing logical conclusions, and communicating findings. 1-1-1-7 Use appropriate technologies (e.g., calculators, computers, balances) to perform scientific tests and to collect and display data. 1-1-1-8 Use graphic representations (e.g., graphs, tables, labeled diagrams) to present data and produce explanations for investigations. 1-1-1-9 Describe how credible scientific investigations use reproducible elements including single variables, controls, and appropriate sample sizes to produce valid scientific results. 1-1-1-10 Communicate the steps and results of a scientific investigation. 1-1-2-1 understand that different kinds of investigations are used to answer different kinds of questions (e.g., observations, data collection, controlled experiments). 1-1-2-2 Understand that scientific conclusions are subject to peer and public review. 1-1-3-1 Use appropriate units to make precise and varied measurements. 1-1-3-2 Use mathematical skills to analyze data. 1-1-3-3 Make predictions based on analyses of data, observations, and explanations. 2-1-1-2 Describe how matter changes from one phase to another (e.g., condensation, evaporation). 2-2-1-4 Describe how human activity impacts the environment. 3-1-1-1 Describe the contributions of science to understanding local or current issues (watershed and community decisions regarding water use). 6 Grade 1-1-1-4 Construct appropriate graphs from data and develop qualitative and quantitative statements about the relationships between variables being investigated. 1-1-1-5 Examine the reasonableness of data supporting a proposed scientific explanation.
Hyperproliferative apoptosis-resistant endothelial cells in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension

[PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , March 1, 2008; 294 (3): L449-L468. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol S. Mukhopadhyay, M. Shah, F. Xu, K. Patel, R. M. Tuder and P. B. Sehgal arterial hypertension pulmonary arterial endothelial and smooth muscle cells: implications in pulmonary Cytoplasmic provenance of STAT3 and PY-STAT3 in the endolysosomal compartments in [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , June 1, 2008; 294 (6): L1250-L1259. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol and R. Mathew J. Huang, P. M. Kaminski, J. G. Edwards, A. Yeh, M. S. Wolin, W. H. Frishman, M. H. Gewitz monocrotaline-induced pulmonary artery hypertension Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate restores endothelial cell membrane integrity and attenuates
Analyse de la composition isotopique de l'air piégé dans la glace de Berkner Island (Antarctique de l'Ouest) pendant la dernière déglaciation

The Berkner Island ice core (West Antarctica) will bring new climatic insights on the Antarctic region near the Weddell Sea, where the ice sheet is very sensitive to climate changes, and not far from the Antarctic bottom water formation. We performed measurements on the isotopic composition of the air trapped in bubbles in the ice (δN, δOatm, δO2/N2) over the last deglaciation (depth range: 550-750 m). The δOatm profile, a pure atmospheric signal, associated with CH4 allows establishing chronologies of this ice core by using the tie point method. δN measurements give local information on the evolution of the firn structure. Thus, it brings new constraints on the ice age-gas age difference at a same depth noted Δage, essential to put on the same time scale, water and air isotopes. We put in light that the firn densification model is unable to predict either the trend or the scattering of the δN (this variability in the δN profile has never been measured in other antarctic ice cores). This has huge implications for ice core dating since the same model is also used to determine Δage. Then, we show that the most probable way to reconcile model’s outputs and measurements is to question the forcing parameters of the model (temperature and accumulation deduced from the δD profile) better than the firn physic integrated in the model. As for climatic mechanisms, uncertainty on the ice age does not allow us to conclude about the North-South Teleconnexion. However, we show that (i) the δD profile is a mixed of a temperature signal and a signal due to elevation changes of the drilled site and (ii) the temperature increases before the CO2 at the beginning of the deglaciation at Berkner Island.
CHIMP and PUL : Support for Portable Parallel Computing

The lack of a portable programming interface for parallel computers has inhibited the development of applications for such systems, and thus restricted the exploitation of this technology. In this paper we discuss various efforts to provide a portable interface to parallel computers, and present the Edinburgh CHIMP (Common High-level Interface toMessage-Passing), and PUL (ParallelUtilities Library) activities in this context. The concepts behind these projects are described, with details of the range of parallel systems on which they are available. An important consequence of the portability offered by the CHIMP message passing layer is the ability for applications programmers to reuse entire programs, as well as code modules. PUL assists this by providing a set of reusable components for implementing parallel applications. Developed on top of CHIMP, the PUL utilities are themselves portable across a range of platforms. Finally, this paper summarises experience using CHIMP and PUL to implement parallel applications in collaboration with both industrial and academic groups, and presents plans for future work.
The Mole People: Life in the Tunnels Beneath New York City

Thousands of people live in the subway, railroad, and sewage tunnels that form the bowels of New York City and this book is about them, the so-called mole people. They live alone and in communities, in subway tunnels and below subway platforms and this fascinating study presents how and why people move underground, who they are, and what they have to say about their lives and the "topside" world they've left behind.
Adherence to diabetes medication among diabetic patients in the Bisha governorate of saudi Arabia – a cross-sectional survey

Background: Patients’ non-adherence to diabetes medication is associated with poor glycemic control and suboptimal benefits from their prescribed medication, which can lead to worsening of medical condition, development of comorbidities, reduced quality of life, elevated health care costs, and increased mortality. Objective: This study aimed to assess medication adherence among patients with diabetes and associated factors in Bisha primary health care centers (PHCCs) in Saudi Arabia. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 375 type 1 and 2 Saudi diabetic patients attending PHCCs under the Health Affairs of the Bisha governorate. The participants were aged 18 years and above, and had been taking diabetes medications for at least 3 months. Pregnant women, patients with mental illnesses, and those who were not willing to participate were excluded. Adherence to diabetes medications was measured using the four-item Morisky Green Levine Medication Adherence Scale (MGLS). All participants completed a self-report questionnaire including sociodemographic and clinical variables. Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out using SPSS version 22. Results: Of all the respondents, 134 (35.7%), 161 (42.9%), and 80 (21.4%), patients had high (MGLS score 0), intermediate (MGLS score 1 or 2), and low adherence (MGLS score $ 3), respectively. Factors associated with the level of adherence in univariate analysis were occupational status ( P = 0.037), current medication ( P , 0.001), glycated hemoglobin (A1c) ( P , 0.001), and number of associated comorbidities ( P , 0.001). In multivariable analyses, A1c , 7 ( P , 0.001) and no associated comorbidities ( P , 0.003) variables remained significantly associated with adherence. Conclusion: The level of adherence to medication in diabetes mellitus patients in the Bisha PHCCs was found to be suboptimal. The findings point toward the need for better management of primary health care providers’ approaches to individual patients, by taking into account their medication adherence levels. Better identification of patients’ level of adherence remains essential for successful diabetes treatment.
IMPACT OF WORK-LIFE BALANCE ON JOB SATISFACTION OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN SOUTH-WESTERN NIGERIA

The study examined the impact of work-life balance on job satisfaction of women entrepreneurs in southwestern Nigeria. A total of 379 respondents were selected from a population 25,122 members of the Nigeria union of tailors in Lagos, Oyo and Osun state using purposive, stratified and random sampling techniques. Primary data was collected through the use of structured self-administered questionnaire and structural equation model (SEM- PLS) was adopted for the analysis. The result shows work demands, wellbeing, family workload and spousal support with coefficients 0.316, -0.129, 0.048, and 0.457. The study also found that every unit change of work-life balance would lead to 0.49 unit change in job satisfaction. Therefore, the study concludes that work-life balance contributes significantly to the job satisfaction of women entrepreneurs. The study recommends that women entrepreneurs should effectively manage their work and family roles by adopting work-life balance strategies to achieve job satisfaction and invariably life satisfaction.
Viral encephalitis: a review of diagnostic methods and guidelines for management

Viral encephalitis is a medical emergency. The spectrum of brain involvement and the prognosis are dependent mainly on the specific pathogen and the immunological state of the host. Although specific therapy is limited to only several viral agents, correct immediate diagnosis and introduction of symptomatic and specific therapy has a dramatic influence upon survival and reduces the extent of permanent brain injury in survivors. We searched MEDLINE (National Library of Medicine) for relevant literature from 1966 to May 2004. Review articles and book chapters were also included. Recommendations are based on this literature based on our judgment of the relevance of the references to the subject. Recommendations were reached by consensus. Where there was lack of evidence but consensus was clear we have stated our opinion as good practice points. Diagnosis should be based on medical history, examination followed by analysis of cerebrospinal fluid for protein and glucose contents, cellular analysis and identification of the pathogen by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification (recommendation level A) and serology (recommendation level B). Neuroimaging, preferably by magnetic resonance imaging, is an essential aspect of evaluation (recommendation level B). Lumbar puncture can follow neuroimaging when immediately available, but if this cannot be obtained at the shortest span of time it should be delayed only in the presence of strict contraindications. Brain biopsy should be reserved only for unusual and diagnostically difficult cases. All encephalitis cases must be hospitalized with an access to intensive care units. Supportive therapy is an important basis of management. Specific, evidence‐based, anti‐viral therapy, acyclovir, is available for herpes encephalitis (recommendation level A). Acyclovir might also be effective for varicella‐zoster virus encephalitis, gancyclovir and foscarnet for cytomegalovirus encephalitis and pleconaril for enterovirus encephalitis (IV class of evidence). Corticosteroids as an adjunct treatment for acute viral encephalitis are not generally considered to be effective and their use is controversial. Surgical decompression is indicated for impending uncal herniation or increased intracranial pressure refractory to medical management.
WHAT DO WE CREATE IN A RESPONSIBLE WORKSHOP IN 2030?

What should design students learn, not to lose hope, but be able to design in the current dire climate, energy and health situation? What can we design and still stay on track with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) in 2030? What can we design in the long run, not worsening critical human and non-human systems? In the paper we question “good intentions” and business-as-usual approaches, to challenges facing many of our most existential systems. We suggest changes to the Design field’s understanding of the SDG’s. Further, we suggest focusing on several solutions at the same time, in local communities, with collaboration with others and design educations. The paper argues that a holistic and systemic view is required that rather focuses on root-problems, than the symptoms these problems cause. Based on a multidisciplinary selection of scientific literature, the paper shows how acclaimed systemic approaches often harm the health of both human and non-human systems. In addition, the paper argues that these acclaimed systemic approaches tend to suggest “solutions” that stand in the way of more realistic solutions emerging from supportive and social environments. One of the insights from the literature, is how individuals by reconnecting to community-and practice-based activities strengthen hope of better futures. In the paper we argue how designers and design educations, can act multidisciplinary, with others, to become agents towards the kind of holistically, community-based, and radical changes required to heal all broken systems. We suggest how designers can situate themselves in the responsible workshop of 2030.
Insulin Adherence in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Adherence to medication, especially insulin, is a key contributor to diabetes treatment outcomes. Lack of adherence is common among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) ranging from 23% to 77%, with a higher frequency in developing countries. Poor adherence results in worse glycaemic control and increased mortality and morbidity due to diabetes complications. The objective of this study is to discuss insulin adherence among adolescents with T1DM. The review was conducted through search engines such as PubMed, Medline, Embase and Google Scholar. Search terms used were 'type 1diabetes mellitus', 'insulin dependent diabetes mellitus', 'Juvenile diabetes mellitus', 'adherence', 'compliance', 'non adherence', 'barriers', 'omission', 'medical adherence', 'adolescents', 'teenagers' and 'insulin'. T1DM is challenging for adolescents due to its lifelong treatment regimens. Educational programmes and specific interventions which can improve affordability, accessibility and administration of insulin should be implemented to improve insulin adherence among adolescents.
Depression and anxiety in acute ischemic stroke involving the anterior but not paramedian or inferolateral thalamus

Background and objectives Emotional and cognitive deficits are prevalent in strokes involving the thalamus. In contrast to cognitive deficits, emotional deficits have not been studied prospectively in isolated thalamic stroke. Methods In 37 ischemic thalamic stroke patients (57.0 [50.0; 69.5] years [median (Q1; Q3)], 21 males, 5 anterior, 12 paramedian, 20 inferolateral vascular territory), and 37 non-stroke control patients matched for age and sex, we prospectively examined depression, anxiety, activities of daily living, and quality of life at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months post-stroke using the Hospital-Anxiety-and-Depression Scale (HADS), Nürnberger-Alters-Alltagsaktivitäten scale (NAA), and Short Form-36 (SF36) questionnaire. Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) and lesion-subtraction analyzes were performed to determine associations between questionnaire scores and thalamic stroke topography. Results At 1 month post-stroke, anterior thalamic stroke patients had higher depression scores [8.0 (7.5; 10.5)] than paramedian [4.5 (1.0; 5.8)] and inferolateral [4.0 (1.0; 7.0)] thalamic stroke patients. Furthermore, anterior thalamic stroke patients had higher anxiety scores [11.0 (8.0; 14.5)] than their matched controls [2.5 (2.0; 2.5)], paramedian [4.5 (1.0; 5.8)] and inferior [4.0 (1.0; 7.0)] thalamic stroke patients. Depression and anxiety scores in anterior thalamic stroke patients remained high across the follow-up [depression: 9.0 (3.5; 13,8); anxiety:10.05 (2.8, 14.5)]. Physical health assessed by SF36 was intact in anterior [1 month post-stroke: T-score = 55.9 (37.0; 57.6)] but reduced in inferolateral [44.5(32.4; 53.1)] thalamic stroke, whereas mental health was reduced in anterior thalamic stroke [32.0 (29.8; 47.3)]. VLSM confirmed that voxels in the anterior thalamus around Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) coordinates X = −8, Y = −12, Z = 2 were more often affected by the stroke in depressed (HADS-score ≥ 8) than non-depressed (HADS-score < 8) patients and voxels around coordinates X = −10, Y = −12, Z = 2 were more often affected in anxious (HADS-score ≥ 8) than non-anxious (HADS-score < 8) patients. Conclusion Anterior, but not paramedian or inferolateral thalamic stroke was associated with depression and anxiety. Even though our results are mostly significant in the left thalamus, this observation on stroke laterality might be confounded by the fact that the right hemisphere was underrepresented in our study.
EEG Signal-Assisted Algebraic Topological Feature-Enhanced Deep Neural Networks for Gestalt Illusory Contour Perception

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been incredibly successful at correctly classifying various input types, including images, speech, and data, according to consumer preferences. However, the efficacy of DNNs in Gestalt classification tasks, an important case in manifesting human perceptual capability, remains challenging, as DNNs are generally unable to perceive illusory closure from Gestalt images unless DNNs are carefully calibrated using a significant amount of priori information. However, altering the input, as minute changes typically imperceptible to humans, can confound carefully calibrated DNNs. In this study, EEG signal-empowered deep clustering based on topological data analysis (TDA) is proposed. The adoption of TDA manifests the separability of EEG signals responsive to Gestalt and non-Gestalt images. It also yields new families of features and descriptors for Gestalt illusory contours by extracting topological and geometric information. Furthermore, the combination of analyzed EEG signals and digital images further benefits the recognition of Gestalt illusory contours. Extensive experiments have shown convincing improvements over the state-of-the-art DNNs (e.g., DeepCluster and multi-view clustering [MVC]). In particular, DeepCluster with TDA can perceive illusory contours to some degree, given its 66.5% classification accuracy. Nevertheless, on top of extracted topological features from EEG signals, it produces higher classification accuracy (i.e., 71.9%), indicating the features extracted from the EEG signal contribute to perceive Gestalt illusory contours. On the other hand, the applications of topological features to the latest MVC also bring 4.5% improvement and demonstrate the effectiveness.