Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chapter 8 Ionic liquids and deep eutetic solvents in the field of environmental monitoring

A growing number of compounds resulting from human activities are continuously released into the environment. The majority of these compounds possess serious environmental threats, reinforcing the need of environmental monitoring both to understand their impact on the environment and on human health, and to create strategies to revert these risks. Although with serious impact, these pollutants are usually present in trace levels in environmental samples, turning their identification and accurate quantification a major challenge. To overcome this drawback, pretreatment techniques are usually employed, both to eliminate interferences and to enrich the sample in the target pollutants. Within the significant developments achieved in this field, ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DES) have shown to lead to relevant improvements in the enrichment factor and target pollutants recovery and in the limit of detection of the analytical technique when used as alternative solvents in pretreatment techniques of environmental matrices. These have been applied in the pretreatment of wastewaters, industrial effluents, human fluids, wine, milk, honey, fish, macroalgae, vegetables and soil. A wide number of pollutants, such as polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), endocrine disruptors, pesticides, UV filters and heavy metals are some of the most commonly analyzed target pollutants. In this work we review and discuss the use of ILs and DES as
Fluvial transport of sediment across a pristine tropical foreland basin: channel-flood plain interaction and episodic flood plain deposition.

We present the results of study of the Beni River, a large, sand-bedded river which drains 68 000 km 2 of the northern Bolivian Andes into the Amazon River basin. The fieldwork included surveys of channel, bank, and flood plain topography, granulometry, stratigraphy, and system-wide flood plain accumulation rates measured with 210 Pb geochronology. These results were evaluated within the spatial and temporal framework of a GIS analysis of four decades of channel migration, derived from Landsat and aerial imagery. The resulting flux model of sediment interchange between the channel and flood plain agrees with a net foreland accumulation of ∼100 Mt year -1 , as independently determined using three decades of stream sampling and gauging records. The majority of this sediment is distributed throughout the distal flood plain, while channel-proximal and bed accumulation, lateral migration, and the formation and filling of oxbow lakes all play a relatively minor role. This predominantly distal flood plain accumulation occurs in remarkable episodic pulses of decadal recurrence interval, linked to major floods associated with cold phase ENSO events.
Influences of Submersed Aquatic Macrophytes on Zonation of Sediment Accretion and Composition, Eau Galle Reservoir, Wisconsin

Abstract : Sediment accretion and composition were examined in vegetated and nonvegetated regions across all depths in Eau Galle Reservoir, Wisconsin. Within riverine areas, delta formation was observed. In the lacustrine area of the reservoir (i.e., nonriverine), both sediment accretion and moisture content decreased while sediment density increased, along a gradient of decreasing depth between 9 and 2.5 m. However, accretion again increased at shallower depths ( 6 m), a transport zone (3.5 to 6 m), a transport zone (3.5 to 6 m), an erosional zone (2.5 to 3.5 m), and a vegetated littoral zone (<2.5 m). Low-density sediments with relatively high organic materials and nutrient concentrations were found in both the littoral zones and accumulation zones, while high-density sediments with low organic materials and nutrient concentrations were found in the erosional zone.
Vital and viable town centres : meeting the challenge

Part 1 Challenges: Social and Economic Trends Changing Town Centres The Impact of Public Policies. Part 2 Responses: Assessing vitality and Viability Devising Town Centre Strategies Types of Town Centre. Part 3 Good Practice: Market Towns Industrial towns Suburban Centres Metropolitan Cities Resorts and Historic Towns Conclusions and Recommendations.
- A Model-Based Frequency Constraint for Mining Associations from Transaction Data

Mining associations is a popular method for finding interesting patterns in databases (e.g., items which are frequently purchased together). Normally support, the occurrence frequency of the items which form a pattern, is used as the primary indicator of the significance of a pattern and a user-specified support threshold is used to decided if a pattern should be further investigated. The application of support implies important assumptions which are rarely discussed or checked. Employing a minimum support threshold implies that the items occur in the database following a, possibly unknown, but stable process and that the items occur in the database with roughly similar frequencies. However, real-world transaction data is known to often possess a highly skewed frequency distribution with most items occurring infrequently while some items occurring extremely often. This situation leads to the rare item problem, where interesting patterns are not found since some of the associated items are too infrequent to satisfy the user-specified minimum
Aerial pollutants on a pig farm in peri-urban Beijing, China

The study was carried out to evaluate the airborne gases and suspended particulate matter concentrations in the pig barns of a commercial pig farm situated in the peri-urban area of Beijing, China. The measurements followed the natural pig life-stages namely: gestation, farrowing, weaning, and fattening. In order to accomplish these objectives, three different measurement devices were employed: (i) color diffusion tubes, (ii) a portable gas measuring device, and (iii) a dust measuring instrument. Due to the rotation of the devices in the different sampling places, the measurements were performed at different time periods during the months of the summer and winter season in Beijing. The pig farm had a capacity of 15 000 pigs per year and the manurial system was identified as
A tactical periodization approach to professional rugby union

: The concept of tactical periodisation has been popularised by a number of successful, high-profile football coaches. More recently, reports have indicated that tactical periodisation approaches are being utilized within elite rugby union. However, few reports currently exist and resources for coaches interested in using a tactical periodisation approach are limited. This article aims to demonstrate how tactical periodisation can be applied in rugby union to help coordinate long-term planning, improve the specificity of training, and prepare players more effectively for competition.
Tourism and Economic Development in Macedonia

In the past few decades, tourism has emerged as one of the major industries in the world economy, by benefiting transportation, accommodation, catering and many other sectors. Thus, each country insists on developing it and making a profit from its variety of impacts. Moreover, everyone is interested in increasing the number of incoming visitors since it serves as a source of economic growth. This paper addresses the economic impacts of tourism in Macedonia and makes an attempt to assess its contribution to the economic development. For that purpose, we address some economic parameters: the gross domestic product in order to measure the contribution of tourism for the overall economic activity; employment in tourism as possibility to contribute to job creation in combating unemployment rate; and the net flows of tourism services by analyzing the balance of payments. Moreover, a comparative analysis on some additional economic aspects is presented, resulting into conclusions for having plenty of possibilities to promote tourism inflows in terms of undertaking serious measures and activities for attracting larger number of foreign tourists. In order to expose more interesting concluding remarks, the data set used in the study is observed in two periods: 1991-2000 as a period just after the independence of Macedonia and 2001-2010 as a period extensive enough to observe the first tourism outcomes. Accordingly, the paper underscores the need for continuous analysis of tourism economic impacts as an important consideration to all tourism key-actors responsible for creating economic development strategies in Macedonia.
Comparative effect of PNF (hold relax) VS early Dynamic stretching in improving pain, range of motion and functional status in shoulder joint in post burn patients. A Randomized Controlled Trail

Background: Burn of shoulder and axillary region are common affecting patient’s range of motion and his/her performance in his daily life. Because post burn if treatment is not given, contracture will ultimately form. Aim: To determine the comparative effectiveness of PNF (hold relax) VS early Dynamic stretching exercises for improving pain, range of motion and functional status in the shoulder joint and quality of functional recovery in burn patients. Methodology: A single blinded Randomized clinical trial was conducted at Mayo Hospital, Burn ward. Total 74 patients (Male and Female) were included in the study on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants were randomly allocated in two groups, 32 in each group by odd even method. Group 1 received PNF (hold-relax) protocol while group 2 received Dynamic stretching protocol, both the groups received the treatment along with conventional therapy on alternate days for 4 weeks. Pre and post treatment assessment VAS, Q-DASH score and ranges of motion were done. Data was analyzed using SPSS 23 version. Paired sample T-test and independent sample T test was used to assess within and between group analysis with having confidence interval CI 95% and p value 0.05. The purpose of paired T-test and independent t-test was to determine the difference within and between the groups in all clinical parameters (Q-DASH score, VAS score and ROM) during both pre and post treatment. Results: According to the findings, VAS, Q-DASH scoring and ranges of affected burn shoulder joint were significantly improved in both groups i.e., treated with PNF and Dynamic stretching protocol. However, on group comparison; statistically significant improvement in VAS, Q-DASH scoring and ranges of shoulder were observed in patients treated with PNF as compared to Dynamic stretching with p-value <0.05. Practical implication: The study provides the opportunity to physiotherapist to get aware of the role of PNF and dynamic stretching in preventing and treating post burn patients. It provides the statistical effectiveness of techniques in increasing the recovery rate of patients by using defined treatment protocol. Conclusion: This study proved that PNF and Early Dynamic Stretching both are effective in improving pain, range of motions and functional status among burn patients. However; PNF (hold relax) was more beneficial for improving functional status and treating pain and range of motion in shoulder joint of burn patients with p-value <0.05.
Handbook of School Violence and School Safety International Research and Practice

This chapter fi rst summarizes important research fi ndings on school violence in South Korea by using Bronfenbrenner’s (1994) ecological model. Next, the chapter provides an overview of comprehensive intervention eff orts initiated by the Korean government. In addition, the chapter introduces several representative school violence prevention and intervention programs in Korea by highlighting specifi c characteristics of each program. Finally, discussion follows regarding implications for further program development, successful school practice, and eff ective school policy in Korea.
Relationship between Some Plants Species Belonging to Brassicaceae, Chenopodiaceae and Urticaceae Families, and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Rhizobacteria

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of some plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) formation on [Brassica oleracea (cauliflower), Spinacia oleracea (spinach) ,and Urtica urens (stinging nettle)] belonging to Brassicaceae, Chenopodiaceae and Urticaceae families, which are known to have a negative influence on the symbiotic life formation with AMF. Two PGPR isolates that contributed to the plant's growth and served as a “mycorrhizal helper” in various hosts were predetermined at the initial stage; then they were applied to three plant species with AMF species [Gigaspora margarita and commercial AMF (ERS)]. The obtained results revealed that combined AMF x PGPR treatments improved the growth and morphological development parameters of cauliflower, spinach, and nettle plants. PGPR bacteria had different effects on AMF root colonization depending on the plant species. The highest root colonization rate was achieved in spinach plants with the commercial AMF treatments. Commercial AMF isolate, alone or in combination with PGPR strains, was also found to increase AMF spore density and mycorrhizal dependency in cauliflower and spinach plants. There was no significant difference in total phosphorus content in cauliflower and nettle compared to the control group, and only one application group (G. margarita x PGPR) in spinach plants had an increase in phosphorus content.
Statistical significance of geomagnetic diurnal variation anomalies prior to worldwide earthquakes

The anomalous behavior of geomagnetic diurnal variation was reported by prior studies several months before the great 2011 Tohoku earthquake. In order to be further developed for a reliable earthquake prediction system, the statistical significance of such anomalies needs to be verified through a multiple-events study. In this paper, 157 past earthquakes that happened from the year 2000 until 2019 around the world were studied by utilizing vast low-resolution (1-min sampling period) geomagnetic field data. The Diurnal Variation Range Ratio (DVRR) method was employed to identify the disappearance of typical diurnal variation at magnetometer stations near epicenters, whereas superposed epoch analysis was the statistical tool used to reveal the periodicity of anomaly appearances. This research found that the number of anomalies in all three geomagnetic field components (i.e., northward, eastward, and vertical) increased significantly only before the earthquakes starting from around one month prior. The significant increments were not simultaneous, instead there were temporal lags between the components. Several mechanisms were proposed to elucidate the generation of the anomalies as well as to explain the observed temporal lags. Through the analysis, it could be concluded that the statistical significance of the anomalies could be verified. It was possible that the anomalies were the earthquake precursors.
Rechts-, Wirtschafts-und Verwaltungswissenschaftliche Sektion Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften Diskussionspapiere Der Dfg- Forschergruppe (nr.: 3468269275): Heterogene Arbeit: Positive Und Normative Aspekte Der Qualifikationsstruktur Der Arbeit the Effects of Employment on Time-to-degree in Hig

Zusammenfassung: In this paper I scrutinize the impact of employment on time-to-degree in Higher Education. In contrast to the previous literature, I look at different types of working while being enrolled at university. Using the German SocioEconomic Panel (GSOEP), I find that full-time employment and part-time employment significantly decreases the probability of graduating from university at any point of enrollment. Abstract In this paper I scrutinize the impact of employment on time-to-degree in Higher Education. In contrast to the previous literature, I look at different types of working while being enrolled at university. Using the German SocioEconomic Panel (GSOEP), I find that full-time employment and part-time employment significantly decreases the probability of graduating from university at any point of enrollment.
Minimum mass laminate design for uncertain in-plane loading

(100-150 words) Requirements for lower emissions and operating costs make mass reduction of composite structures a significant issue for future aircraft. Here, minimisation of normalised elastic energy under an uncertain, general in-plane loading is used to indicate laminate efficiency and by equivalence minimum mass. Results are the first to investigate the comparative robustness of standard and non-standard angles to uncertain loading. They indicate that weight reductions of up to 8% can be achieved if optimum design, using standard angle ( θ = 0°, ±45° or 90°) and industrial design rules, is replaced by optimising non-standard angles (0° ≤ θ ≤ 180°) directly for uncertain loading. However, greater reductions of up to 20% are possible through alignment of laminate balancing axes with principal loading axes. As such, a non-standard angle design strategy is only shown to be warranted if the demonstrated non-uniqueness of optimum designs can be exploited to improve other performance drivers.
New diagnostic criteria for insomnia and the association between insomnia, anxiety and depression

Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care University of Bergen and Norwegian Competence Centre for Sleep Disorders Haukeland University Hospital He has contributed to the study concept, the planning and design of the project and to the drafting, revision and final approval of the manuscript. Bjørn Bjorvatn, specialist in general practice, professor, sleep specialist at the Bergen Sleep Centre, and head of the Norwegian Competence Centre for Sleep Disorders. The author has completed the ICMJE form and declares the following conflicts of interest: He has received lecture fees from ResMed and Philips and payment from the Fagbokforlaget and Gyldendal Akademisk publishing companies for books about sleep and sleep disorders.
Digestion of starch and sugars

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
Asset Allocation to Cover a Region of Piracy

Abstract : Piracy in the Gulf of Aden and the waters around Somalia has increased in recent years, with international naval assets allocated to patrol at-risk areas. This paper compares measures of area coverage in situations where there is a uniform piracy risk and where some areas are more vulnerable than others. Simulated annealing was used to allocate the patrolling naval assets. The novel problem of positioning a coalition of ships whilst incorporating the transit of a non-coalition ship that may respond to a piracy incident but can not be prepositioned is addressed.
Discussion on “A Differential Algebraic Estimator for Sensorless Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machine Drive”

Diao et al. are to be commended for proposing a new approach for permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) position estimation, using the differential algebraic theory. In the following comments, we would like to highlight some points concerning the machine observability under the applied approach. In paper by Diao et al., it is claimed that the rotor position observability of the nonsalient PMSM is ensured regardless the speed, based on the relationship.
Constructing elliptic curves over finite fields using double eta-quotients

Nous examinons une classe de fonctions modulaires pour Γ°(N) dont les valeurs engendrent des corps de classes d'anneaux d'ordres quadratiques imaginaires. Nous nous en servons pour developper un nouvel algorithme de construction de courbes elliptiques a multiplication complexe. Vu que le genre des X 0 (N) associees n'est pas zero, le calcul de la courbe se fait a l'aide de certains polynomes modulaires. Etant un produit de quatre fonctions η, les fonctions modulaires proposees peuvent etre vues comme une generalisation naturelle des fonctions traitees par Weber et generalement utilisees pour construire des courbes elliptiques a multiplication complexes. Contrairement au cas des fonctions de Weber, les valeurs des fonctions examinees ici engendrent tous les corps de classes d'anneaux de n'importe quel ordre quadratique imaginaire sans tenir compte des congruences satisfaites par leur discriminant modulo des puissances de 2 ou 3.
On supermembrane in d=4, multiple m0-brane in d=11 and supersymmetric higher spin theories

En este tesis se ha obtenido y estudiado el conjunto completo de las ecuaciones del movimiento en supercampos para el sistema en interaccion de supermembrana D=4 y multiplete escalar dinamico. Este estudio proporciona el primer ejemplo de ecuaciones en supercampos para un sistema en interaccion de supercampos de materia y un objeto supersimetrico extendido, asi como el primer conjunto de ecuaciones del movimiento en supercampos para un sistema dinamico que incluye a la supermembrana.Tambien se ha obtenido el conjunto completo de ecuaciones del movimiento para el sistema en interaccion de supergravedad dinamica D=4 N=1 y supermembrana a partir de las ecuaciones en supercampos y, para esto, se ha desarrollado el enfoque de tipo de Wess-Zumino a la supergravedad minimal especial de Grisaru-Siegel-Gates-Ovrut-Waldram, caracterizada por una constante cosmologica generada dinamicamente. En el sistema en interaccion, la supermembrana produce una renormalizacion de dicha constante cosmologica, por lo que su valor es diferente en las dos ramas del espaciotiempo separadas por el volumen-mundo de la supermembrana.Se han encontrado las ecuaciones en supercampos en superespacios tensoriales N-extendidos con N=2, 4, 8 que describen los supermultipletes D=4(,6,10) de la teoria de campos conformes de espines altos sin masa.Hemos obtenido y estudiado las ecuaciones del movimiento del sistema de multiples M0-branas (mM0) que se derivan de la accion supersimetrica covariante y kappa-simetrica. Se ha demostrado que todos los esatdos BPS del sistema son 1/2 BPS, preservan 1/2 de supersimetria, y tienen las mismas propiedades que los estados BPS de una sola M0-brama.