A Hospital-Based Prospective Study on Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis and Incidence of Surgical Site Infections in the Department of General Surgery

Introduction: Health Care-Associated Infections (HAI) remain as an important public health concern. Among the distinguished HAIs, Surgical site Infections (SSL) contributing to significant increases of mortality and morbidity. Considerable prolongation in the length of hospitalization and added treatment expenses. Wound infections are the commonest hospital-acquired infections in surgical patients. Surgical site infection leads to increased hospital costs, prolonged hospital stays, compromised quality of life. Where appropriate antibiotics at the appropriate time lead to decreases postoperative infection. Moreover, this will reduce the misuse of antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance. Almost 30%-50% of antibiotic in regular practice is used for prophylaxis before and after surgery. However, most of the antibiotics used in prophylaxis are not appropriate hence leading to resistance. Most of the time, the antibiotic is either given at the wrong time or continued for too long. Aims and objectives: 1. To evaluate the pattern of antimicrobial prophylaxis in general surgery. 2. To evaluate the frequency of post-operative infection. 3. To evaluate the prevalence of surgical site infection. 4. Finding and comparing frequency of risk factors, incidence of SSI, type of antibiotics used. Results: 180 patient undergone surgery were participated in the study. Majority of the prescription were of females (51.11%) compared to males (48.89%). The incidence of SSI was similar to both male(5.45%) and female(5%) in general surgery Staphylococcus aureus (52%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.79%) are found to be the most common microorganism causes SSI. Increased chances of infection were due to associated risk factor like DM, HTN, Anaemia eye. Patients with advanced age>50 years) were most susceptible to SS rather than younger age. Infected patient was treated with more than two numbers of antibiotics where non infected with single or double antibiotics. Hospital stays increases with incidences of SSI. Conclusion: The study clearly concluded about the overuse and inappropriate choices of antibiotics. Hence, our study also suggests following the guidelines for rational use of antibiotics and minimizing the inappropriate antibiotic use is the best way to minimize the chances of SSI. The health centre needs to establish prophylactic antibiotics tenet which ought to be open and available by means of each member of the surgical team. The medical checklist needs to be practised successfully. Frequent audit of prophylactic antibiotic use is wanted to enhance right practices. Surgeons must adhere to specific antibiotics guidelines. J o u r n a l o f I n fe ct io us Dise ases & Prentiv e M e d i c i n e ISSN: 2329-8731 Journal of Infectious Diseases & Preventive Medicine Research Article Corresponding author: Raju Received date: May 03, 2021;Accepted date: May 17, 2021; Published date: May 24, 2021 Citation: Niraula R, Devkota A (2021) A Hospital-Based Prospective Study on Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis and Incidence of Surgical Site Infections in the Department of General Surgery. J Infect Dis Preve Med. 9:224. Copyright: ©2021 Niraula R, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. J Infect Dis Preve Med, Vol.9 Iss.5 No:1000224 1 Received date: April 02, 2021; Accepted date:April 16, 2021; Published date: April 23, 2021