Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of the Anti-Fraud Regime in Saudi Arabia from the Islamic Shariah Perspective

: The purpose of this article was to look into Saudi anti-fraud legislation and regulations in order to see how consistent the Kingdom's legal system, which is predominantly found on Islamic principles, is with a wide range of criminal and economic infractions. The main laws relating to fraud were described, and numerous types of fraud were examined, in order to attain this purpose. The discourse also necessitated an examination of the Islamic perspective on deception and fraud. The analysis revealed that Shariah law, which is concerned with property protection, incriminates and punishes individuals who obtain wealth by illegal methods, the nature of the sanctions, how-ever, is left to the discretion of rulers and judges. Based on this, Saudi legislators have enacted a set of anti-fraud measures. These laws were examined to see how well they addressed economic crimes in the Kingdom. Anti-fraud legislation establishes a legal and regulatory framework compatible with Islamic Shariah for dealing with fraud and economic crimes, with the goal of protecting the public interest, maintaining integrity, and regulating the Kingdom's economy. The primary goal of this study is to explore the challenges and risks associated with enforcing anti-fraud laws in the context of Islamic justice principles. In this study, a descriptive research design was adopted. The key objective of this study is to determine the nature of the problem and analyze the evidence col-lected. Because of the lack of secondary data and the rigorous restrictions governing the reporting of fraud incidents in Saudi Arabian financial institutions. The study's hypotheses could not be tested substantively because all assumptions concerning the research findings are far-fetched.
Paper No 135: The impact of carbon modelling on domestic building design

This paper studies the impact of this shift in metrics for professionals who are active in the field of the design and performance assessment of domestic buildings. It presents a Performance Indicator (PI) - based review of tools available to analyze the carbon emissions of buildings. This is combined with a study of the potential impact of increasingly stringent CO2 targets on the way of working in the (architectural) design office. This latter part has been structured along the lines of interviews with professionals working in the field. The findings of the work lead to the conclusion that the use of carbon emissions as metrics adds another 'shell of complexity' around what remains primarily an energy balance for buildings. While this relates building design to an important human ambition (reduction of CO2 emissions) it also introduces additional uncertainties and assumptions. For the design office, the use of carbon metrics combined with increasingly stringent targets will require a different approach to design. This will either result in further collaboration between architects and consultants, or the need for architectural companies to appoint in-house experts.
The Physical Properties and Applications of Gold Nanoparticles (Au NPs): Review

Received: 28/09/2020 Accepted: 10/12/2020 Nanoparticles of gold that for years have been recognized are the concept of an increasingly rising reports number and of promising for electronic, optical, magnetic, biomedical and catalytic applications in century of 21. Because of Nanoparticles of gold stability, an interest in such research is a reason for performing the current work. There are various types of AuNPs: Zero-dimensional AuNps: quantum dots, spherical nanoparticles. AuNPs as 1-dimensional: nanowires, nano-rods, nano-belts, nanotubes. AuNPs as 2-dimensional: nano-plates of gold, nano-shell and, AuNPs as 3 dimensional: nano tadpoles of gold, nanodumbbells of gold (AuNDs), AuNPs being spread, for example, nano-dendrites of gold, nano-pods, and nano-stars. Au NPs, in the field of medicine are investigated for several applications include vectors of drug delivery, agents of contrast, and therapy of localized heat, biomarkers of ultra-sensitive and more. AuNPs are very attractive material for biosensor, chemosensory, genosensor and immunosensor production
Relationship between the determinants of capital structure and debt ratio: evidence from listed manufacturing companies in Sri Lanka

It is mostly due to the factors that decide the overall capital structure of the company. A greater capital structure helps the company realize both sustainable long-term Growth and long-above average results. The objective of this study is to find out the relation between capital structure and debt ratio of manufacturing companies listed in the Colombo Stock Exchange. Thus, the study was considered with panel data for the period of 2011– 2015 of the twenty six companies. Correlation, and multiple regression analysis of statistical tools were used to analyze and to test the hypothesis of the study. In this analysis, the dependent variable is the debt ratio of the firms and the Capital structure determinants, which are measured by Profitability, Tangibility, firm size, Growth, and non-debt tax shield. The results showed that Profitability, Growth, Firm Size, and Non-Debt Tax shield have significant impact on debt ratio except Tangibility. Further, it finding showed that the firm size mostly consistent with trade-off theory and profitability and growth consistent with packing order theory and prove past empirical findings also.
Architectures for next generation military avionics systems

Modular, open, integrated architecture has emerged as a key enabler of both military and commercial avionics suites that combine affordable cost with the ability to deal with rapidly changing technology and evolving system requirements. This paper describes recent advances in avionics architecture for military aircraft, using the evolving architecture of the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) as a specific illustration. Key architectural attributes include effective implementation of open systems principles, hardware and software scaleability to cover a range of applications, independence of specific implementing hardware to minimize parts obsolescence problems, support for information security and trusted computing, and design features that facilitate integration and promote reliable and maintainable systems. A number of tradeoffs must be dealt with in optimizing such designs. These include choice of a fundamental interconnection fabric and interfaces, decisions on centralized vs. distributed processing, similar decisions on integrated vs. special purpose sensors and apertures, choices about the real time operating system and applications software, and a number of issues associated with mechanical and electrical design. The architecture must include robust testability features that ensure that the resulting system design can be tested and qualified to the criteria associated with avionics. The paper devotes special attention to the vexing problem of technology obsolescence and to the architectural approaches that can help to mitigate it.
Transformerless four-wire PWM rectifier and its application in AC-DC-AC converters

The paper introduces a transformerless four-wire power-factor-corrected boost rectifier which does not draw low-order harmonic currents from the supply neutral. The four-wire rectifier topology and control is described. The main application of such a rectifier is a new transformerless, four-wire AC-DC-AC converter for uninterruptible power supplies. Simulation results show the steady-state and dynamic response of the four-wire rectifier and the four-wire AC-DC-AC converter.
Fire-Risk Prediction Based on Weather Information by Classification of Fire Investigation Information

화재 안전을 위해서, 화재 발생을 방지하는 것이 가장 근본적인 방법이다. 기상의 변화는 인간의 생활의 변화와 밀접한 관계가 있고, 기상 변화에 따른 화재 발생 예측은 화재 예방을 위해 많은 기여를 할 수 있을 것이다 . 본 연구에서는 예측 기술을 활용하여 기상의 변 화에 따른 화재 발생의 변화를 분석하고자 한다. 예측 모델은 온도, 습도, 풍속, 지역의 4가지 입력 변수를 기반으로 하였다. 이러한 기 상 조건을 기반으로 화재 유형, 발화원, 발화 원인 및 발화 물질과 같은 여러 화재 특성에 대한 화재 위험 예측 정확도를 확인하였다. 분 석을 위해 ‘인구 시간당 화재 발생 빈도’를 산출하고 이를 위험등급으로 구분하는 데이터 전처리를 하였고, 인공신경망과 의사결정트 리를 활용한 화재 예측 모형을 만들었다. 분석 결과 세부 변수별 화재 위험도의 예측 정확도를 비교하였고 기상과 연관성이 높은 특정 유형의 화재를 확인하였다. 본 연구는 기상 조건에 따라 화재 발생 위험이 높은 세부 특성을 파악하고 추후 화재 특성별 위험도를 도출 하기 위한 기초자료로 활용 가능할 것이다. For fire safety, preventing the occurrence of a fire is the most fundamental method. Changes in weather are closely related to changes in human life, and prediction of fire occurrence according to changes in weather can make a great contribution to fire prevention. This study intends to analyze the change in fire occurrence according to the change of weather by using the prediction technology. The prediction model’s results were based on 4 input variables (temperature, humidity, wind velocity, and region); it measured the fire-risk prediction accuracy for several fire characteristics such as fire type, ignition source, ignition cause, and ignition material based on those weather conditions. For the analysis, data pre-processing was performed to calculate the ‘population frequency of fires per hour’ and classify them into risk grades, and the fire prediction model using artificial neural networks and decision trees was created. As a result of the analysis, the prediction accuracy of the fire risk for each detailed variable was compared, and a specific type of fire highly related to the weather was identified. This study can be used as basic data to identify detailed fire characteristics with a high risk of fire depending on weather conditions and to derive the risk level for each fire characteristic in the future.
A History of the Quartz Crystal Industry in the USA

With the aid of many of the people who were involved, this paper is an attempt to record the history of the quartz crystal industry in the USA. Although crystal units were in use at least a decade earlier, the of the quartz crystal industry in the USA can logically be dated November 1941 when the Quartz Crystal Section was organized in the Office of the Chief Signal Officer. The history of the industry is traced from its origin with the discovery of Piezoelectricity by the Curie brothers in 1880-1881 to the present time. Special emphasis is placed upon the problems which were encountered and overcome in creating an capable of meeting the demands of the Armed Services of the United States and their Allies during WW II. The record of cooperation among the large and small industries, governmental agencies, the armed services, universities and individual citizens inspires confidence that the most critical problem can be solved with cooperation, dedication and effort.
The Improvement Scheme Based on SIPT

Speedy IP Traceback method (SIPT) is deficient in monitoring and position attack sources, this paper puts forward an improvement scheme based on SIPT, it only marks two-three times for the packet on the key locations, and the propose also overload rarely used fields on IP packet header to store the checkpoint information, which can traceback the attack source use these marking information, which would help to attack path-reconstruction with a low false-positive rate as a guid.
Practical Implementation of Optical Fiber Sensors in Civil Structural Health Monitoring

Implementation of successful civil structural health monitoring strategies requires selection and placement of sensors suitable for measurement of key parameters that influence the performance and health of the structural system. Optical fiber sensors have been successfully implemented in aeronautics, mechanical systems, and medical applications. Civil structures pose further challenges in monitoring mainly due to their large dimensions, diversity as well as heterogeneity of materials involved, and hostile construction environment. This article provides a summary of basic principles pertaining to practical health monitoring of civil engineering structures with optical fiber sensors. The issues discussed include basic sensor principles, strain transfer mechanism, sensor packaging, sensor placement in construction environment, and reliability and survivability of the sensors.
Effectiveness of Information Systems Implementation: The Case of the Polish Small andMediumEnterprises

Implementation of IT systems puts an impact on effectiveness of systems functioning and efficiency of company performance, that is why it is important to explore IT systems implementation process. In Poland there is about 3,8 mln enterprises. Since the early nineties the sector of small and medium enterprises has constituted one of the main pillar of the Polish economy. In the years 2003-2008 more than half of employment has been generated by small and medium companies. The rapid development and improving effectiveness of the operation is often conditioned by the possibility of new IT technology absorption. However even the best designed IT tool without appropriate implementation, by properly selected implementation team, is not able to satisfy the enterprise needs. This paper discusses the research procedure and the main findings of qualitative research performed by the author to identify and classify factors that have influence on the effectiveness of information systems implementation. The article describes: Polish it market: services, software and hardware sector; ICT usage in Polish SME’s, including sources of applications and most computerized company areas. The main subject of the article is to present what factors are considered to be crucial for the increase of information systems implementation effectiveness. The article is aimed to point out the important factors and discuss if there is a possibility to control them. The main conclusion of the paper is that implementation process is realized by two groups of people with different perception of the project performance and factors impact. It is also important that implementation process has to be perceived in holistic manner, which includes not only preparation and realization stage, but also the operation phase.
Adsorption Phenomena: Definition, Mechanisms, and Adsorption Types: Short Review

Adsorption is a phenomenon that describes the interaction between two different phases that forms an interface layer by transfer of a molecule from a fluid bulk (liquid or gas) to a solid surface so, it is classified as a surface process. This layer is expressed by two kinds of interaction physical or chemical interactions. This process usually is reversible, and the reverse process is called desorption. In this review, the definition and types of the adsorption process will be defined. In addition to a brief explanation about the major adsorption isotherm models, adsorption kinetics, and adsorption thermodynamic
Wireless Power Transfer Systems via Strong Coupled Magnetic Resonances — Design, PCB Implementation and Tests

In this paper, we present theoretical analysis and detailed design of a class of wireless power transfer (WPT) systems based on strong coupled magnetic resonances. We established the strong coupled resonance conditions for practically implementable WPT systems. We investigated the effects of non-ideal conditions presented in most practical systems on power transfer efficiency and proposed solutions to deal with these problems. We carried out a design of WPT system by using PCB (Printed Circuit Board) antenna pair, which showed strong coupled magnetic resonances. The innovations of our design include: (1) a new coil winding pattern for resonant coils that achieves a compact space volume, (2) fabrication of resonant coils on PCBs, and (3) integration of the entire system on a pair of PCBs. Extensive experiments were performed and experimental results showed that our WPT system setup achieved a guaranteed power transfer efficiency 14% over a distance of two times characteristic length(44cm). The wireless power transfer efficiency in this PCB based experimental system was sufficiently high to lighten up a LED with a signal generator.
Models of integrated magnetic components for simulation based design of SMPS with SIMPLORER

A modeling approach of integrated magnetic components is presented. Analytical and FEM modeling results are compared to experimental results. The model of the integrated magnetic component allows a simplified integration into simulation tools enabling pre-optimization before breadboarding. This is shown by simulation and measured results for a push pull converter with current doubler rectifier.
Software Modules for Command and Control of the Anthropomorphic Gripper for Robots

This paper presents two software modules of the general structure and implementation features of the original software for command and control of the anthropomorphic gripper for robots. The software has three modules: RoboVISION, RoboSIM and RoboCOMMANDER. RoboVISION is a software module for tracing, visualization, shape recognition, measurement, and efficiency evaluation for 3D model generation of objects to grip by an anthropomorphic gripper. It was presented in another paper. This paper discribes RoboSIM nad Robo COMMANDER. RoboSIM product is an advanced software module that aims primarily to reduce achievement time of functional simulation of anthropomorphic grippers. RoboCOMMANDER is a software module for controlling a three-fingered anthropomorphic robotic hand in both virtual and real environments. The approach is using a multimodal interface based on voice commands, remote manipulation, and smart, remote controlling mobile devices.
Devising an instrument to assess human resources productivity in an Iranian context

There are various factors affecting human resources productivity. Moreover , it is a necess ity to identify the most important and efficient ones. Therefore, there should be an appropriate instrument to determine the factors in the most comprehensive way. Accordingly, t his s tudy has employed Factor Analysis to devise a locally - based instrument to assess human resources productivity in Guilan University of Medical sciences . To achieve the mentioned goal, two stages have been taken during the fall of 2009 . One was qualitative and the other was cross - sectional . In the former step 45 expert managers were included as the sample of the resear ch to determine productivity factors and in the latter 321 staff members of scientific society , training and human resources departments of Gui lan University were sele cted to establish the productivity variables. To enclose, One questionnaire with 5 headings and 42 questions has been obtained as follows : Organizational culture with 18 questions / Environmen tal conditions with 7 questions / Motiva tion factors with 10 questions / Empowerment with 4 questions / Method of leadership with 3 questions . The invented device, regarding to it reliability, validity, relevance and indigenousness in assessing of human resource productivity, could be useful for all the universities of medical science. Using of this device could improve the effectiveness of educational activities which are performed for the faculty m embers and experts of education. (Amir Ashkan Nasiripour, Fardin Mehrabian , Pouran Raeissi, Jamal edin Tabibi . Devising an instrument to assess human resources productivity in an Iranian context . Journal of American Science 2011 ;7(2): 28 -35 ). ( ISSN : 1545 - 1003 ). http://www.americanscience. org .
Why isn't the UK construction industry going lean with gusto?

Even though there is now recognition that the Venice Arsenal (16C) and Henry Ford (Model T production line 1920s) were both precursors, the idea of lean production didn’t become popular until the publication of Womak & Jones’ The Machine that Changed the World in 1990. Six years later the more general idea of lean thinking received considerable publicity. In 1998 the Egan committee commended the UK construction industry to study and learn from colleagues in other sectors who were already applying lean.
Development Of Russia Manufacturing Sectors Within The Framework Of "Industry 4.0"

The key direction of industrial development is the transition to the concept of "Industry 4.0", the implementation of which has significant difficulties in Russia due to the backward production infrastructure of plants in most industries. At the same time, the level of readiness for such a transition for each industry may be different. The purpose of the article is to identify preliminary guidelines for the development policy for various industries in Russia within the framework of the concept of "Industry 4.0". The object of the study is the manufacturing sectors of Russia. The subject of the research is the tools of the "Industry 4.0" concept. The methods of descriptive statistics are used in this article. The cluster analysis was carried out and the Cobb-Douglas production function was constructed. A set of management actions has been developed using the tools of the "Industry 4.0" concept for different groups of production sectors. The proposed recommendations can be used to improve the policy of modernization of the industrial infrastructure of Russia.
BLACK LIVES MATTER: A DINÂMICA DAS INTERAÇÕES QUE COMPLEXIFICAM AS PRÁTICAS DE ATIVISMO SOCIAL NO INSTAGRAM

A contemporaneidade é marcada pelas constantes mudanças na maneira como nos comunicamos, isso em função, principalmente, dos dispositivos conectados à internet, que possibilitam interações síncronas e assíncronas. Em razão disso, observando o número de postagens nas redes sociais mencionando a hashtag #BlackLivesMatter, decidimos observar e analisá-las, do ponto de vista da Teoria dos Sistemas Dinâmicos Complexos, a fim de compreender a dinamicidade dos discursos ativistas nos espaços digitais e suas implicações nas práticas interativas mediadas pela língua(gem). Trata-se, portanto, de um estudo exploratório, de natureza qualitativa, que nos permitiu promover reflexões em torno de uma postagem e de alguns comentários nela realizados, observando, tanto a abertura das possibilidades de posicionamento na rede, quanto o próprio funcionamento complexo das discursividades expressas pelos sujeitos que interagiram no âmbito deste sistema de práticas sociais e de língua(gem).
Temperature compensation of step recovery diode in fast sampling circuits

The paper concerns temperature compensation of time delay in ultra fast sampling circuits, used in digital oscilloscopes of gigahertz bandwidth. The main source of thermal instability appears to be step recovery diode used for sampling pulses generation, so the effort was taken toward assuring invariance of its delay regardless of operating temperature. The idea was successfully tested in the proposed circuit for diode polarisation and compensation.