Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Normal stress‐induced permeability hysteresis of a fracture in a granite cylinder

The paper examines the influence of axial stress-induced closure of a fracture on its permeability. The experiments were conducted on a cylinder of Barre Granite measuring 457 mm in diameter and 510 mm in height, containing a central cylindrical cavity of diameter 75 mm. Radial flow hydraulic pulse tests were conducted in a previous research investigation (Selvadurai et al., PAGEOPH, 2005) to determine the permeability characteristics of the intact granite. In the continuation of the research, a fracture was introduced in the cylinder with its nominal plane normal to the axis of the cylinder. Axial compressive stress was applied normal to the plane of the fracture. An increase in the compressive normal stress acting on the fracture caused a reduction in the aperture of the fracture, which resulted in the reduction in its permeability. Steady state radial flow tests were conducted on the fractured axially stressed sample to determine the variation of fracture permeability with axial normal stress. The analytical developments also take into account flow through the matrix region as the normal stress increases. The results of the experimental investigations indicate that the complete stress relief of a fracture previously subjected to a normal stress of 7.5 MPa can result in a permeability increase of approximately three orders of magnitude. These findings are relevant to shallow depth geotechnical construction activities where enhanced fluid flow can be activated by stress relief. As the fracture aperture closes with high normal stress, the flow through the matrix can be appreciable and if this factor is not taken into consideration the interpretation of fracture permeability can be open to error. This factor can be of interest to the interpretation of permeability of fractures in deep crustal settings where the stresses acting normal to the fracture surface can inhibit flow in the
Novel dimethylsulfoniopropionate biosynthesis enzymes in diverse marine bacteria, cyanobacteria and abundant algae

: 30 Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) is an abundant marine organosulfur compound [1] 31 with roles in stress protection [2, 3] , chemotaxis [4] , nutrient and sulfur cycling [5] and, 32 potentially, climate regulation [6, 7] . Marine algae and bacteria are considered significant 33 DMSP producers, but many diverse representatives lack known DMSP synthesis 34 genes/enzymes [8, 9] . Here, new DMSP biosynthesis enzymes were identified that 35 considerably increase the number and diversity of potential DMSP-producing 36 organisms, inferring new and significant global DMSP producers. A novel bifunctional 37 DMSP biosynthesis enzyme, DsyGD, identified in the rhizobacterium Gynuella 38 sunshinyii , produces DMSP at levels higher than any other bacterium from 39 methylthiohydroxybutyrate (MTHB) via an N-terminal MTHB S -methyltransferase 40 domain (termed DsyG) and a C-terminal dimethylsulfoniohydroxybutyrate (DMSHB) 41 decarboxylase domain (termed DsyD, which is the first reported enzyme with this 42 activity). DsyGD is also found in some filamentous cyanobacteria, not previously 43 known to produce DMSP. Regulation of DMSP production and dsyGD transcription 44 was consistent with their role in osmoprotection. Indeed, cloned dsyGD conferred 45 osmotolerance to bacteria deficient in osmolyte production, something not previously 46 demonstrated for any known DMSP synthesis gene, and which could be exploited for 47 biotechnology e.g., engineering salt tolerance. DsyGD characterisation led to 48 identification of phylogenetically distinct DsyG-like proteins, termed DSYE, with 49 MTHB S -methyltransferase activity, in diverse and environmentally abundant 50 Chlorophyta, Chlorachniophyta, Ochraphyta, Haptophyta and Bacillariophyta algae. 51 These algae comprise a mix of low, high and previously unknown DMSP producers
Parental Socio-Economic Status and E-crime among the Undergraduate Students of Universities in South-West of Nigeria

Objective : Information and communication technology is inherent and fundamental part of modern life. Sadly, ICT is now an essential tool for perpetrating a crime known as e-crime. E-crime has become a global malady which has affected virtually all countries of the world. Methodology: Although, the quests to understand the factors affecting e-crime and its effects have dominated public debate in recent years, the parental socio-economic factors responsible for e-crime are seldom highlighted in Nigeria. Thus, the study examines the effects of social and economic conditions of parents on e-crime. Results: Cross sectional survey was used to generate data for the study, while multi-stage sampling was used to select eligible respondents. Three hypotheses were formulated for the study, and they were tested using Chi-square technique. Conclusion: The paper found that parental education, parental income and parental occupation have a significant relationship with e-crime. Consequently, it is imperative for government at all levels to come up with a sustainable poverty eradication programme that will effectively tackle poverty in the country and create sustainable jobs for the unemployed men and women in the country so that they would be able to cater for their children’s needs.
Hygienic Quality and nutrient characterization of three fruits juices sold in Lome Schools

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality and physico-chemical parameters of fruit juices served to the students in several schools in Lomé town, following standard procedures. Results: All of juices analyzed were contaminated by total aerobic count. 79.31% of lemon juices samples were infected by total coliforms, 41.38% by fecal coliforms and 31.03% by E. coli . The same bacteria had contaminated respectively 73.53%, 26.7% and 26.47% of orange juices samples and 48.48%, 11.76% and 11.76% of Bissap juices samples. Yeast contaminated 82.76%, 85.29% and 78.78% of samples of Lemon, Orange and Bissap juices respectively. Sulfite-reducing clostridium and molds were found in samples of juices. Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus were not found in all of juices samples analyzed. The pH average was 3.56 for orange juice, 3.51 for bissap juice and 2,81 for lemon juice. Soluble Solid content (SSC) in juices was 7, 8, 11, 16 and 9.8 respectively in Orange, Bissap and Lemon juices. Conclusion: All of juices samples analyzed were contaminated by several microorganisms. Whatever fruits juice contains minerals and vitamins components which can contribut to its nutritional qualities.
Modes of Interannual Variability of the Southern Hemisphere Circulation Simulated by the CSIRO Climate Model

This study examines the capability of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) climate model in simulating the observed modes of interannual variability of the Southern Hemisphere circulation. Modes of variability in the 500-hPa geopotential height (Z500) field of the following three experiments are examined: 1) a coupled experiment, in which the atmosphere and the ocean are fully coupled, producing El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycles and allowing full air-sea interactions; 2) a mixed layer experiment, in which the atmosphere is coupled to an ocean mixed layer heat equation allowing limited air-sea interactions; and 3) a climatology experiment, in which the atmosphere is forced by an observed SST climatology with a fixed annual cycle, allowing no air-sea interactions. It is found that the observed modes are reasonably simulated in all three experiments, although the amplitude of the model modes is generally smaller than that of the observed. These modes include the high-latitude mode (i.e., the Antarctic Oscillation), the Pacific-South American (PSA) mode, and the wavenumber-3 mode. It is also found that the response of the mid- to high-latitude atmosphere circulation to the model ENSO forcing projects mainly onto the PSA mode. Many features of the PSA mode are similar to those associated with the Pacific-North American mode in the Northern Hemisphere. In response to these Z500 modes, the ocean produces coherent modes of variability, but the oceanic feedback effect appears to be weak. The amplitude of anomalies associated with each mode of the Z500 field in the three experiments shows little difference, suggesting that these Z500 modes can be generated by atmospheric internal dynamics alone, and that the ocean dynamics, air-sea interactions, and ENSO forcing are not essential.
Using AI to Evaluate a Competency-Based Online Writing Course in Nursing

Nursing education is transitioning from traditional teaching to competency-based education. Additionally, more nursing courses and programs are now offered online. Scholarly writing is a powerful strategy to teach effective communication and critical thinking, both core competencies for safe and effective nursing practice. However, teaching writing online to nursing students is challenging due to a lack of research evaluating best practices, faculty time constraints, and inconsistent writing assessment. Automated essay scoring systems using artificial intelligence (AI) provide new opportunities for efficient, reliable, and valid assessment of writing skills. We used a quasi-experimental design to investigate the impact of a 14-week fully online competency-based writing course on students’ self-efficacy, task value, and writing performance. The participants were master’s nursing students enrolled in an existing one-semester online competency-based writing course for healthcare professionals. An AI-powered writing assessment, IntelliMetric®, and the SAWSES self-efficacy survey were administered pre-and post-intervention. The results showed statistically significant gains in self-efficacy and writing performance with large effect sizes. This study addresses the gap in nursing education regarding the assessment of online, research-based writing interventions on students’ scholarly writing capacity. Recommendations include implementing a required scholarly writing course in all graduate-level nursing programs, scaffolding students’ competency development with the cognitive apprenticeship model, using best practices from composition research to inform online instruction, and employing AI-powered automated essay scoring to evaluate students’ writing progress and instructional efficacy.
Assisted fertilization with own oocytes in women over 40 years of age: indications and results Fertilización asistida con óvulos propios en mujeres mayores de 40 años: indicaciones y resultados

Women postpone motherhood because of their desire for personal and professional improvement. It is known that the quantity and quality of oocytes per cycle depends on the patient’s age. Success rates in assisted reproduction treatments decrease with age, especially after 40 years of age. Higher live birth rates are observed in younger women, and rates decrease significantly in older women due to decreased fertility and increased miscarriages. Therefore, age is crucial when assessing the possibility of a successful pregnancy through assisted reproductive treatments (ART). The indications to perform in vitro fertilization (IVF) with own ovules in women older than 40 years include starting as soon as possible highly complex procedures, good evaluation of ovarian reserve with antimüllerian hormone analysis (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC) for genetic counseling, proposing IVF-intracytoplasmatic sperm injection (ICSI) before the age of 44 years, generating realistic expectations and informed consent, with own statistics. At REDLARA, of all IVF-ICSI procedures, 34% of patients are over 40 years old; preference is given to transfer blastocysts with preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) to select euploid embryos. Success rates are low, even when they are pregnancy rates per embryo transfer in the group of women ≥ 40 years (18.2% without PGT, 42.7% with PGT in IMRCRP). It is recommended to bank ovules or embryos by performing multiple ovarian stimulations. A single embryo transfer should be chosen to avoid obstetric complications with multiple pregnancies in patients ≤ 40 years, because of the high risk due to age.
Smectite deposits in Marathon Valley, Endeavour Crater, Mars, identified using CRISM hyperspectral reflectance data

The ~100 m wide Marathon Valley crosscuts the Cape Tribulation rim segment of the 22 km diameter, Noachian‐age Endeavour impact crater on Mars. Single‐scattering albedo spectra retrieved from three Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) Full‐Resolution Targeted (FRT, regularized to 18 m/pixel) and two Along Track Oversampled (ATO, regularized to 12 m/pixel) observations indicate the presence of Fe3+‐Mg2+ smectite exposures located in Marathon Valley with combination vibration metal‐OH absorption strength comparable to smectite spectral signatures in Mawrth Vallis. The Opportunity rover was directed to the exposures and documented the presence of Shoemaker formation impact breccias that have been isochemically altered, likely by fracture‐controlled aqueous fluids.
Novel virus-like particle vaccine encoding the circumsporozoite 1 protein of Plasmodium falciparum is immunogenic and induces 2 functional antibody responses 3 AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS 4

27 RTS,S is the leading malaria vaccine in development, but has demonstrated only moderate 28 protective efficacy in clinical trials. RTS,S is a virus-like particle (VLP) that uses the human 29 hepatitis B virus as scaffold to display the malaria sporozoite antigen, circumsporozoite protein 30 (CSP). Particle formation requires fourfold excess scaffold antigen, and as a result, CSP 31 represents only a small portion of the final vaccine construct. Alternative VLP or nanoparticle 32 platforms that reduce the amount of scaffold antigen and increase the amount of the target CSP 33 antigen present in particles may enhance vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy. Here, we 34 describe the production and characterization of a novel VLP that uses the small surface antigen 35 (dS) of duck hepatitis B virus to display CSP. The CSP-dS fusion protein successfully formed 36 VLPs without the need for excess scaffold antigen, and thus CSP represented a larger portion 37 of the vaccine construct. Importantly, this is the first report of a dS-based vaccine that formed 38 particles without excess scaffold protein. CSP-dS formed large particles approximately 31-74 39 nm in size and were confirmed to display CSP on the surface. The CSP-dS VLP was highly 40 immunogenic in mice and induced antibodies to multiple regions of CSP, even when 41 administered at a lower vaccine dosage. Vaccine-induced antibodies demonstrated functional 42 activity, including the ability to interact with complement and Fcγ-receptors, both previously 43 identified as important in malaria immunity. Our novel platform to produce VLPs without 44 excess scaffold protein has wide implications for the future development of innovative vaccines 45 for malaria and other infectious diseases. 46
High LOXL1-AS1 Lncrna Expression is a Prognostic Biomarker For Poor Prognosis in Cholangiocarcinoma

Cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) is the most common malignant tumor of hepatobiliary system. The present study investigated the clinical significance and biological functions of LOXL1-AS1 in CHOL. The poor survival in CHOL has a probable prognostic molecular marker known as the LOXL1-AS1, and LOXL1-AS1 may be an important regulator of immune cell infiltration.
A Protocol to Reduce Bias & Variance in Head-to-Head Tests

Head-to-head tests are an eﬀective way to compare the performance of competing approaches. Practical constraints imposed by platforms such as Google AdWords prevent us from using a simple user based split in running these head-to-head tests. Hence, we have developed a new protocol: a geographical split of the total population into two sub-populations allocated to each competitor and time-based swaps of these populations between the two competitors. The proposed protocol is more robust to variability in sales due to seasonal, regional or other latent eﬀects as opposed to simpler splits based only on geography and/or without time-based swaps. We provide theoretical proof and show empirically that both features are necessary to reduce bias and variance in the estimation of performance of advertising campaigns. We also prove on a simpliﬁed model that increasing the number of splits and swaps reduces the bias and variance.
Crustal architecture beneath the Tibet‐Ordos transition zone, NE Tibet, and the implications for plateau expansion

Most previous studies of the Tibetan Plateau have focused on the processes of crustal thickening and subsequent outward growth. However, lithospheric structure across the tectonic boundaries of the plateau has not yet been fully imaged, and therefore, how geological structures evolved in association with the lateral expansion of the margins remains unclear. Here together with interpretation of regional aeromagnetic anomalies, we employ a recently acquired 165 km long deep seismic reflection image that crosses the northeastern flank of the Tibetan Plateau. The resulting crustal “architecture” suggests that crustal shortening is a primary driver for plateau uplift of northeastern Tibet and that the Xiaoguan Shan to the east of the Liupan Shan belt marks the easternmost edge of the strata that has been affected by the northeastward growth of the plateau. In addition, decoupled crustal deformation owing to differential structural integrity has been accommodated during the subsequent northeastward growth of the plateau.
Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) And Reliability Analysis of Financial Well-being Instrument Among Trainee Teachers

Financial Well-Being (FWB) of a person leads to a prosperous and happy life. Financial problems such as bankruptcy become an obstacle to the achievement of the desire to achieve FWB. Nevertheless, as per past literature with respect to FWB, financial problems with high indebtedness are among the youth. Therefore, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was employed in this study to test the validity and reliability of instruments that can measure FWB. To establish reliable measurements with regard to the FWB construct, this paper utilised a cross-sectional research methodology. The items were adapted as well as modified to fit the needs of this study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 100 randomly chosen young people from the Institute of Teacher Education (IPG). The study then used Statistical Package for the Social Science (IBM-SPSS) version 22.0 to perform EFA. Initially, a total of 19 items were created to measure the FWB construct. Nonetheless, after completing the EFA technique, this research discovered that all 19 items with factor loadings more than the threshold of . 60 were kept and declared fit for measuring the FWB construct. This investigation evaluated the parameters used to calculate FWB. As a result, this instrument is helpful to Malaysian universities or institutions responsible for training teachers by testing their FWB before graduation. This study presents that this measuring tool has construct validity and reliability that can be used for research purposes to measure the FWB of youth among trainee teachers.
Evolution of the most species-rich family of simple thalloid liverworts (Aneuraceae): a time-calibrated perspective into its evolutionary history and diversi�cation

Aneuraceae is the largest family of the simple thalloid liverworts. Despite simple morphological features, this family is well-known for its unique ecology, cryptic diversity, and species-rich lineages. In this study, we explored the evolutionary history and diversi�cation of the Aneuraceae. Investigating the effects of fossil calibrations on divergence time estimates and how recognizing cryptic species impacts macroevolutionary analyses. We used publicly available nucleotide sequences to reconstruct chronograms of Aneuraceae with representatives from subclass Metzgeriidae as outgroups. We also examined the consequences of different calibrations in chronogram reconstruction. Then, the resulting time-calibrated phylogeny was employed to reveal diversi�cation dynamics with lineage through time plots (LTTPs), γ -statistics, and Bayesian Analysis of Macroevolutionary Mixtures (BAMM). The Aneuraceae had originated and created diversity since the Lower Carboniferous (352.75 Mya, 95%HPD: 505.79–264.59) to Upper Devonian. Lineage diversi�cation of Aneuraceae species was consistent with late bursts of speciation with two signi�cant rate shifts in genus Riccardia: one at the crown node of the genus and the other at the Neotropical clade. Including cryptic taxa resulted in an additional rate shift at the crown node of Aneura. Aneuraceae originated during the middle Palaeozoic Era, similar to other early terrestrial plants, although different fossil calibrations signi�cantly affected the estimation of divergence dating. Two speciation rate shifts in Riccardia could be the results of asexual reproductive structure in this genus and climate changes in the Neotropics. Ecological conditions at the origin of the family and association with fungi might be associated with the increased diversi�cation in this family.
A New Form of Precarity (of Practice)? Professional Deskilling at the Centre of the Hijacking of Quality in Journalism

This article seeks to fill in one of the main identifiable gaps in the debate on professional deskilling in journalism. This gap consists of the difficulty in isolating this concept from other multiple meanings that is critical when interpreting the challenges imposed on journalism, which are multiple and range from the erosion of professional domination to crises of values, including the instability of business models with a marked impact on the reconfiguration of the division of journalistic labour. To that end, the literature on professional deskilling was used as a resource and systematically analysed to produce a structured and maximalist definition of this concept in journalism. A definition that essentially results from the arrangement of multiple meanings within two main aspects: the destandardisation of journalistic work and the immediacy of journalistic production. It is concluded that a deskilling of the journalist profession constitutes a new type of precarity of practice, able to capture journalistic quality and which goes beyond the traditional and well-documented precarity of employment and labour. Finally, we suggest future avenues to continue monitoring the pace of professional transformation and how it will continue to affect journalistic skills and the quality of professional practice, in particular the phenomenon of digital automation in journalism, which has the capacity to dictate a return to the debate on professional deskilling in journalism.
Assessment of the METRIC model in the estimation of instantaneous values of sensible and latent heat fluxes over a drip-irrigated Merlot vineyard using Landsat images

The performance of the METRIC (Mapping EvapoTranspiration at high Resolution with Internalized Calibration) model was evaluated to estimate instantaneous sensible (H i) and latent heat fluxes (LE i) over an experimental plot of a drip-irrigated Merlot vineyard ( Vitis vinifera L.) of 4.25 ha (35°25' LS; 71°32' LW; 125 m.a.s.l). This study was carried out using data obtained between the years 2006 and 2009. Ground data of sensible and latent heat fluxes were measured by an Eddy Covariance (EC) system. METRIC estimations of H i and LEi considered fifteen days where Landsat scenes were available. The pixel by pixel METRIC estimations were averaged using the pixels inside the experimental plot. Measured and estimated instantaneous values of H i and LEi were analyzed using the coefficient of determination (R 2 ) and the mean absolute error (MAE). Results indicate that METRIC overestimated Hi by 10% (MAE = 39 W m -2 ) while LEi was overestimated by 14% (MAE = 33 W m -2 ). Results of this study indicated that the self-calibration of METRIC in H i allowed obtain acceptable values of LEi.