Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Null space pursuit based on three order linear differential operator

The operator-based signal separation approach uses an adaptive operator to separate a signal into additive subcomponents which are in the null space of a three order linear differential operator.We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method by processing several signals.Finally,an example of our proposed algorithm compared to the empirical mode decomposition algorithm is given.The experimental results show that our proposed algorithm is better than empirical mode decomposition algorithm.
Hierarchical detection of rectangles in images

This paper proposes a new technique for rectangle detection in images based on hierarchical feature complexity. The algorithm follows a bottom-up/top-down approach: in the bottom-up phase, contour curves are extracted and its edges are fit to straight lines. Long contours may grow away from the object boundary and they may not complete a loop due to missing edges. The proposed algorithm introduces a solution to such problems in the top-down phase through two simple rules. First, contours are split into segments at the point where non-convexity occurs since this is the point where long contours depart from the object boundary. Second, the split segments are classified into six classes according to their probability of being a rectangle depending on the numbers of the segment sides and right angles they enclose. These classes are then completed into rectangles by searching for suitable lines that may have been missed during the bottom-up phase. The method is verified through experiments on a set of images covering several applications. The results are compared to state of the art methods and benchmarked to groundtruth.
The Homotopy Type of MSU

0. Introduction. This paper examines the homotopy type of the Thom spectrum MSU associated with special unitary cobordism. For odd primes p, standard methods show that the p-localization MSU(p) is equivalent to a wedge of suspensions of the Brown-Peterson spectrum BP. Forp = 2, however, this is not the case, and our work is devoted to determining the 2-primary homotopy type of MSU. This involves a new indecomposable spectrum, and our main results are the following. There is an indecomposable 2-local spectrum, which we call BoP, such that MSU(2) is equivalent to a wedge of suspensions of BoP and BP. Under the equivalence, the Thom class lies in a BoP summand. As a comodule over the dual Steenrod algebra A [11], H*(BoP; Z/2) is a sum of 4 '2 2 suspensions of B = Z/2[? 1, t2, . , j, . C A, where tj is the conjugate of Milnor's generator (j. There is one suspension of B beginning in each nonnegative dimension divisible by 8. BoP bears strong similarities to BP and the (1)-connected K-theory spectra bo and bu. In particular, in Section 6 we show there is a map BoP bo(2) inducing an epimorphism v* of homotopy groups. In fact, v* induces an isomorphism of torsion subgroups, and its torsion free kernel is concentrated in even dimensions. A brief summary of our methods is as follows. In Sections 1 and 2 we describe the Adams spectral sequence for 7r*MSU(2), including a computation of the differentials, with particular attention paid to the product structure. Anderson, Brown, and Peterson [4] gave a computation for these differentials, but their proof requires some correction, and in any case we will need the more extensive knowledge of the product structure. In Sections 3 to 5, we construct BoP and show it is indecomposable. To produce BoP, first the Sullivan-Baas construction is applied to MSU, yielding a spectrum representing a bordism theory of SU-manifolds with
Erector spinae plane block for peri‐operative analgesia in a patient undergoing surgery for Ewing's sarcoma of the clavicle

The erector spinae plane block is a regional anaesthetic technique originally developed to manage thoracic neuropathic pain. It is popular because of its ease of learning and its applicability in various types of surgeries, providing both cutaneous and visceral analgesia. We report a case of a 30‐year‐old man who underwent excision of Ewing's sarcoma of the clavicle with brachiocephalic vein repair and pectoralis major myocutaneous flap reconstruction under general anaesthesia, with bilateral erector spinae plane block, with catheter insertion on the side of the lesion. The operation necessitated peri‐operative anticoagulation, and so erector spinae blocks were performed to provide analgesia where epidural insertion was contraindicated. Adequate pain relief was achieved during the entire postoperative stay. The erector spinae plane block is thought to work due to the direct spread and diffusion of local anaesthetic into the posterior rami of spinal nerves located deep to the erector spinae muscles, and anterior spread into paravertebral space with additional effect potentially due to systemic absorption This case highlights the role of the erector spinae plane block in complex clavicular surgery requiring peri‐operative anticoagulation, and potentially obviates the need for neuraxial analgesia.
Low fertilization optimizes the water use efficiency of an Amazonian canga grass for mineland rehabilitation

ABSTRACT The peculiar characteristics of mining waste substrates represent a significant challenge for environmental rehabilitation. Here, we evaluated the revegetation potential of Paspalum cinerascens on substrates from mining areas of Serra dos Carajás, a region harboring a large mine complex in the eastern Brazilian Amazon. Paspalum cinerascens is a native grass widely distributed in the canga ecosystem, a vegetation type covering iron ore reserves. Seeds of P. cinerascens harvested in canga were germinated in sterilized quartzite sand and the seedlings grown in controlled conditions for 90 days. The seedlings were then cultivated in canga topsoil (control, without fertilization) and mining waste substrate with half and complete fertilization currently applied at the beginning of mineland rehabilitation in Serra dos Carajás. Regardless of fertilization, plants grown in the mining waste substrate did not differ in carbon assimilation, tillering rate and root biomass, despite higher leaf nutrient content and lower root: shoot ratio when compared to plants in canga topsoil. Compared to the control, complete fertilization led to significantly taller plants, higher shoot biomass and reduced water use efficiency. Half fertilization led to higher phosphorus and water use efficiency and stomatal density. Our results confirmed that P. cinerascens has adaptive traits to grow and thrive in the harsh environmental conditions of post iron ore mining, and can be used in rehabilitation processes. Moreover, half fertilization led to plants with optimized water loss in exchange for carbon without significant costs to plant growth, an interesting trait for rehabilitation in areas experiencing water restrictions.
ON THE PRECISION OF CURVE LENGTH ESTIMATION IN THE PLANE

The estimator of planar curve length based on intersection counting with a square grid, called the Buffon-Steinhaus estimator, is simple, design unbiased and efficient. However, the prediction of its error variance from a single grid superimposition is a non trivial problem. A previously published predictor is checked here by means of repeated Monte Carlo superimpositions of a curve onto a square grid, with isotropic uniform randomness relative to each other. Nine curvilinear features (namely flattened DNA molecule projections) were considered, and complete data are shown for two of them. Automatization required image processing to transform the original tiff image of each curve into a polygonal approximation consisting of between 180 and 416 straight line segments or ‘links’ for the different curves. The performance of the variance prediction formula proved to be satisfactory for practical use (at least for the curves studied).
Influence of Fermentation Container Type on Chemical and Microbiological Parameters of Spontaneously Fermented Cow and Goat Milk

Fermented goat milk is an artisanal beverage with excellent nutritional properties. There are limited data on its physicochemical properties, fatty acids, phenolic acids, and on any insight on microbiota. The aim of this research was to conduct a pilot study to compare these parameters in raw cow and goat milk before and after spontaneous fermentation in a clay pot and glass container at 37 °C for 24 h. Both types of milk and fermentation containers significantly affected the pH, acidity, proximate composition, viscosity, and whiteness index of fermented milks. A total of 17 fatty acids were identified in fermented milks, where palmitic, stearic, and myristic were the main saturated acids, and oleic and linoleic acids were the main unsaturated ones. These profiles were primarily influenced by the type of raw milk used. Three to five phenolic acids were identified in fermented milks, where quinic acid was the major phenolic compound, and salviolinic acid was identified only in raw goat milk. Preliminary metataxonomic sequencing analysis showed that the genera Escherichia spp. and Streptococcus spp. were part of the microbiota of both fermented milks, with the first genus being the most abundant in fermented goat milk, and Streptococcus in cow’s milk. Moreover, Escherichia abundance was negatively correlated with the abundance of many genera, including Lactobacillus. Overall, the results of this pilot study showed significant variations between the physicochemical properties, the fatty and phenolic acids, and the microbial communities of goat and cow fermented milk, showing the opportunity to further investigate the tested parameters in fermented goat milk to promote its production.
The Virtuous Cycle between Digital Technology, Enterprise Digital Transformation and Digital Economy Development -- A Study of the Dynamic Relationship Based on the PVAR Model

Digital transformation of enterprises is not only a choice to comply with the economic development trend, but also the use of digital technology to reduce costs and increase efficiency is a necessary path for enterprise development. Under the TOE framework, this paper takes digital technology, enterprise digital transformation and digital economy development level as the main variables. By constructing a PVAR model to incorporate the three into the same analytical framework, the dynamic interrelationship and the degree of influence between the three in the time series are empirically examined. The research results show that (1) digital technology, digital transformation of enterprises and the level of digital economy development are causally related to each other and have a mutually reinforcing influence. (2) There are inertia development and self-reinforcement mechanisms among the three variables. (3) Although the interaction among the three variables gradually decreases and tends to zero over time, it still has a strong lag. The research results enrich the dynamic relationship between digital technology, enterprise digital transformation and digital economy development, and provide strategic references for enterprise transformation and upgrading.
Prediction of pressure effect field based on ConvGRU-ODE

Numerical simulation is the default method for the study of shock wave evolution process, but it requires thousands of CPU cores and takes a long time for computation. Moreover, when the initial and boundary conditions change, the simulation needs to be recalculated. Therefore, numerical simulation cannot meet the needs of rapid evaluation and real-time display. In this paper, an encoder-decoder network structure based on ConvGRU-ODE is proposed to accelerate the simulation of shock wave evolution process, Given the experiment parameters, the proposed method can calculate the pressure effect field at each time by only using the calculation parameters. The algorithm only takes 120 seconds to calculate the shock wave evolution process of a single scene, which is significantly faster than the numerical simulation. The average relative error of pressure effect field in important areas is less than 10%, which is acceptable in engineering practice. The algorithm has good adaptability and can be applied to different scenes.
Block designs for experiments with non-normal response

Many experiments measure a response that cannot be adequately described by a linear model with normally distributed errors and are often run in blocks of homogeneous experimental units. We develop the first methods of obtaining efficient block designs for experiments with an exponential family response described by a marginal model fitted via Generalized Estimating Equations. This methodology is appropriate when the blocking factor is a nuisance variable as, for example, occurs in industrial experiments. A D-optimality criterion is developed for finding designs robust to the values of the marginal model parameters and applied using three strategies: unrestricted algorithmic search, use of minimum-support designs, and blocking of an optimal design for the corresponding Generalized Linear Model. Designs obtained from each strategy are critically compared and shown to be much more efficient than designs that ignore the blocking structure. The designs are compared for a range of values of the intra-block working correlation and for exchangeable, autoregressive and nearest neighbor structures. An analysis strategy is developed for a binomial response that allows es- timation from experiments with sparse data, and its efectiveness demonstrated. The design strategies are motivated and demonstrated through the planning of an experiment from the aeronautics industry
Risk Assessment of Micronutrients Deficiency in Vegetarian or Vegan Children: Not So Obvious

Vegetarian diets have gained in popularity worldwide and therefore an increasing number of children may be exposed to the resulting nutritional consequences. Among them, the risk of micronutrient shortfall is particularly of concern. This narrative review aims to assess and discuss the relevance of micronutrient deficiency risk based on the available data. It mainly draws attention to iron, zinc, iodine, and vitamins B12 and D intake. Diets that are more restrictive in animal source foods, such as vegan diets, have a greater likelihood of nutritional deficiencies. However, the actual risk of micronutrient deficiency in vegetarian children is relatively difficult to assert based on the limitations of evidence due to the lack of well-designed studies. The risk of vitamin B12 deficiency must be considered in newborns from vegan or macrobiotic mothers and children with the most restrictive diet, as well as the risk of iron, zinc, and iodine deficiency, possibly by performing the appropriate tests. A lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet exposes a low risk if it uses a very varied diet with a sufficient intake of dairy products. Vegan and macrobiotic diets should be avoided during pregnancy and childhood. There is a need for education and nutrition guidance and the need for supplementation should be assessed individually.
Lipoprotein Particles as Shuttles for Hydrophilic Cargo

Lipoprotein particles (LPs) are excellent transporters and have been intensively studied in cardiovascular diseases, especially regarding parameters such as their class distribution and accumulation, site-specific delivery, cellular internalization, and escape from endo/lysosomal compartments. The aim of the present work is the hydrophilic cargo loading of LPs. As an exemplary proof-of-principle showcase, the glucose metabolism-regulating hormone, insulin, was successfully incorporated into high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. The incorporation was studied and verified to be successful using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Fluorescence Microscopy (FM). Single-molecule-sensitive FM together with confocal imaging visualized the membrane interaction of single, insulin-loaded HDL particles and the subsequent cellular translocation of glucose transporter type 4 (Glut4).
Recent innovations in adaptive trial designs: A review of design opportunities in translational research

Abstract Clinical trials are constantly evolving in the context of increasingly complex research questions and potentially limited resources. In this review article, we discuss the emergence of “adaptive” clinical trials that allow for the preplanned modification of an ongoing clinical trial based on the accumulating evidence with application across translational research. These modifications may include terminating a trial before completion due to futility or efficacy, re-estimating the needed sample size to ensure adequate power, enriching the target population enrolled in the study, selecting across multiple treatment arms, revising allocation ratios used for randomization, or selecting the most appropriate endpoint. Emerging topics related to borrowing information from historic or supplemental data sources, sequential multiple assignment randomized trials (SMART), master protocol and seamless designs, and phase I dose-finding studies are also presented. Each design element includes a brief overview with an accompanying case study to illustrate the design method in practice. We close with brief discussions relating to the statistical considerations for these contemporary designs.
Effects of body orientation and direction of movement on a knee joint angle reproduction test in healthy subjects: An experimental study

BACKGROUND: Joint position sense test assess patient mobility and proprioceptive ability. Yet, application used under different conditions may biases reproduction error resulting in different therapeutic consequences. OBJECTIVE: To investigate knee angle reproduction test under different test conditions. METHODS: 25 healthy subjects (mean ± SD, age = 25 ± 2 years, activity level: 9 ± 2 training hours/week) performed knee angle reproduction test in the sitting and prone position, while changing the knee angle starting (i) from flexion and (ii) extension, (iii) inducing vibration on the semitendinosus tendon. RESULTS: Absolute mean knee angle reproduction error showed significant difference for body position and vibration (Position: 95% CI 0.71 to 2.32; p< 0.001. No Vibration & Vibration: 95% CI -1.71 to -0.12; p= 0.027). Relative knee angle reproduction error was significant different in all conditions (No Vibration & Vibration: 95% CI -3.30 to -0.45; p= 0.010. Body orientation: 95% CI 1.08 to 3.93; p< 0.001. Direction of movement: 95% CI 0.56 to 3.41; p= 0.007). CONCLUSION: Body orientation and movement direction influence the resulting knee angle reproduction error in healthy subjects. Practitioners are advised to use standardised test procedures when comparing different within- and between-patient results. Trial registration: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/AFWRP.
Towards an understanding of piezoresistivity in filled polymer composites

Filled polymer composites are capable of combining the favourable mechanical properties of polymers with desirable electrical properties of filler particles. Carbon-black elastomer nanocomposites are capable of conducting electricity while maintaining high stretchability. Despite these materials having been studied and utilised for a number of decades, the relationship between their internal structure and their macroscopic properties is still not fully understood. A major feature of their behaviour is significant piezoresistivity, which can be a nuisance in certain applications and a benefit in others. It is known that there is a relationship between the piezoresistivity of the material and the percolation threshold. However, the exact mechanisms underlying this behaviour are not rigorously understood. This work utilises Monte Carlo modelling to propose and examine ways in which the structure of the internal nanoparticle network, and the evolution of said network with strain could help to explain the piezoresistivity of these materials. Hopefully, a more detailed understanding of this mechanism will lead to an improved capability to customise it for various applications.
Prevalence of mecA and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Genes in Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates from Gaza Strip Hospitals

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are spreading worldwide in hospital and community settings, thus posing a serious public health problem. Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL), an important virulence factor of S. aureus, is a marker of community-acquired MRSA. Here we determined the prevalence of pvl genes among S. aureus isolates from different hospitals in the Gaza Strip, Palestine. A total of 285 S. aureus isolates were collected from five different hospitals in the Gaza Strip. All isolates were characterized for their susceptibility patterns to available antimicrobial agents and by using multiplex PCR for the detection of mecA and pvl genes. The overall prevalence of MRSA in Gaza hospitals was 70.2% (range: 76.3% to 65.5%) and that of pvl among S. aureus isolates was 29.8% (range: 32.9% to 26.2%). The pvl gene was equally prevalent among MRSA isolates (30.5%) and MSSA isolates (28.2%). The most effective antibiotics were rifampicin, vancomycin, and clindamycin, with susceptibility rates of 91.2%, 88.7%, and 84.6%, respectively. The highest percentage of strains were observed to be resistant to penicillin and amoxicillin with clavulanic acid—96.1% and 73.6%, respectively. Our results showed a high prevalence of MRSA and pvl-positive isolates in Gaza Strip hospitals, which likely reflects the situation in the community. It is mandatory to implement systematic surveillance of both hospital and community isolates, together with interventions (such as increased hand hygiene, use of hydroalcoholic solutions, and isolation of carriers) to limit their spread.
3-D DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF TRANSVERSELY ISOTROPIC SATURATED LAYERED SOILS TO AN ARBITRARY HARMONIOUS SOURCE

The purpose of this article is to study the 3-D dynamic response of transversely isotropic saturated layered soils to an arbitrary harmonious source.In the first part,based on Biot's theory for fluid-saturated porous media,the 3-D wave equations in Cartesian coordinate for transversely isotropic saturated poroelastic media are transformed into a group of governing differential equations completed by the double Fourier transformation method with respect to horizontal coordinates.Then,transfer matrixes within layered media are derived by introducing the state vector.The second part solve the dynamic response for such multilayered medium by using transfer matrixes followed by boundary conditions,continuity conditions and drainage conditions.Numerical examples show the obvious difference between the model of isotropic saturated poroelastic media and that of transversely isotropic saturated poroelastic media.