A revisit of the problems of Eternally Collapsing Object by

We critically review here the concepts which gave rise to the Eternally Collapsing Object (ECO) paradigm over almost 22 years. All the mathematical analysis will be dealt here to conclude the proofs required for ECO paradigm to begin with is ad-hoc. First part in rejecting black holes always considers the possibility of formation of trapped surfaces so we will begin our work by looking into “non occurrence of trapped surfaces” then we analyze Dr. Mitra’s indirect claim regarding how R = 0 (inside black hole) could also be treated as another coordinate singularity! After that we review if indeed his another claim about “mass of Schwarzschild black hole being zero” is right or not. Do black holes really exist or they are just a fairy tale made by physicists to elude us into fiction? And are these so called “Black Holes”, actually black hole or indeed as Mitra likes to call them “Eternally Collapsing Object” or ECO. Are ECOs really a true alternative to Black Holes? The analysis presented here will show us, why ECOs are baseless can not really a solution to black hole problem. INTRODUCTION Most misunderstanding in the world could be avoided if people would simply take the time to ask, “What else could this mean? ” − Shannon L. Alder In this paper we first look into, Eternally Collapsing Object, which is an alternative solution to Black Hole Problem. Dr. Mitra believes that these so called Black Holes are actually Black Hole mimickers, since from outside the event horizon any black hole would behave like an object of mass M. But what does it even mean, when we say mass of the black hole? We will here look into Dr. Mitra’s claim of “zero mass black hole”, “non-occurrence of trapped surface”, “Is singularity at R = 0 just another artifact of coordinate or are they real? ”(section 4.1 of Black Holes or Eternally Collapsing Objects A Review of 90 Years of Misconceptions) and then we go into studying the notion of ECO using Vaidya metric. ECOs are interesting objects since from outside they behave like Black Holes as they emit almost none to no radiation but because of some pressure fluctuation and such, often few photons do manage to escape which could explain hawking radiation! As they are so dense their collision can explain what was observed during the gravitational wave detection at LIGO. Existence of ECO and non existence of black hole can indeed solve a lot of issue and give us all a sense of relief that now we understand a lot more about the universe and there are few less mystery to unravel! But before we consider ECOs to be real and black holes as fairy tale we need to look into trapped surfaces, their occurrence or non-occurrence which begins by looking into his paper “Non occurrence of trapped surface”, which is more of a base to his later work. After reviewing this we will move foreword in our analysis of Eternally Collapsing Object and see if they are based on undeniable mathematical rigour or birth of misconception! We will be using natural system where G = c = 1 unless these terms specifically appear. All the misproofs and their calculation shown here are exactly what Dr. Mitra used in his papers.