Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effects of active and relaxing music on the short-term memory, attention and metabolic parameters of type 2 diabetes patients (T2DM)

Objective. Metabolic parameters and cognition are known to be impaired in diabetes, while music seems to have an impact on both. We aimed to study the effects of active and relaxing music on the short-term memory, attention and metabolic parameters of type 2 diabetes patients (T2DM). Methods. A two-day interventional, within-subject study was carried on 89 T2DM patients treated only with metformin and 67 age- and sex-matched control. The Pieron Toulouse test and Word Recognition Test were used to evaluate attention and short-term memory. The music listened to was the Allegro, respectively the Andante parts of 2 Mozart Sonatas. Cognitive tests, blood pressure and blood glucose measurements were performed before and after each 20 minutes of music intervention. Results. Baseline attention performance was better in the control group compared to T2DM (p<0.000). Performance improved significantly in both groups under both types of music, however the last to the first measurement difference was higher in the control group (p=0.04). Female T2DM participants had better improvement under active music (p<0.01). Short-term memory improved during active music, but this was significant only in the control group (p=0.041). Both types of music were associated with significantly lower systolic blood pressure (p=0.00), while relaxing music significantly reduced blood glucose levels (p=0.00). Conclusion. Our study highlighted the beneficial effect of music on metabolic and cognitive parameters, however, its impact depends on the type of music listened. Furthermore, cognitive scores of T2DM, especially in men, were less influenced by music than those of the control group.
Unsolved problems: Mesoscale polar cap flow channels' structure, propagation, and effects on space weather disturbances

Recent evidence indicates that the magnetosphere‐ionosphere system is frequently driven by dynamic mesoscale flow structures that are first seen near the dayside cusps, move across the open field line regions of the polar caps, and then enter the plasma sheet where they lead to a large variety of space weather disturbances. It will be important to uncover the features of these flow enhancements, including their structure, how they propagate across the polar cap, and what controls their dynamic effects after reaching the nightside plasma sheet.
Investigation of the Methodology of Specific Airway Resistance Measurements in COPD

Introduction Specific resistance (SRaw) measurements in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients may be performed by panting or tidal breathing. The aim of this study was to compare how breathing frequency affected SRaw in COPD and compare different tangent plotting methods. Methods Fifteen COPD patients participated. Three protocols were performed: tidal 1 – spontaneous tidal breathing; tidal 2 – tidal breathing with a flow of ±1 L/sec; panting – 60 breaths per min. Effective (SReff), total (SRtot), ±0.5 L/s (SR0.5), and mid (SRmid) specific resistance were assessed. Results The tidal breathing protocols provided similar results. Panting resulted in higher SReff (p = 0.0002) and SRtot (p < 0.0001) versus tidal breathing, but not SR0.5 or SRmid. Breathing frequency did not affect intra-test variance. SReff and SRtot measurements were similar, and were higher than SR0.5, during tidal breathing (p = 0.0014 and p < 0.0001 respectively) and panting (p = 0.0179 and p < 0.0001 respectively). SRtot was higher than SRmid during tidal breathing (p < 0.0001) and panting (p < 0.0001). Intra-test variance of SReff and SRtot were similar and showed the lowest percent coefficient of variation during both tidal breathing and panting. Conclusion Panting and tidal breathing manoeuvres are not interchangeable in COPD patients. Panting widens the clubbing in the SRaw loop. SR0.5 and SRmid may underestimate abnormal physiology in COPD.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Commensal Escherichia coli of the Porcine Gastrointestinal Tract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Escherichia coli of animal origin presents a threat to human health. Although animals are not the primary source of human infections, humans may be exposed to AMR E. coli of animal origin and their AMR genes through the food chain, direct contact with animals, and via the environment. For this reason, AMR in E. coli from food producing animals is included in most national and international AMR monitoring programmes and is the subject of a large body of research. As pig farming is one of the largest livestock sectors and the one with the highest antimicrobial use, there is considerable interest in the epidemiology of AMR in E. coli of porcine origin. This literature review presents an overview and appraisal of current knowledge of AMR in commensal E. coli of the porcine gastrointestinal tract with a focus on its evolution during the pig lifecycle and the relationship with antimicrobial use. It also presents an overview of the epidemiology of resistance to extended spectrum cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and colistin in pig production. The review highlights the widespread nature of AMR in the porcine commensal E. coli population, especially to the most-used classes in pig farming and discusses the complex interplay between age and antimicrobial use during the pig lifecycle.
Allergic Rhinitis Systematic Review Shows the Trends in Prevalence in Children and Adolescents in Greece since 1990

Allergic rhinitis is the most common immune disorder worldwide, affecting approximately 10–40% of the general population. It is characterized by an inflammatory response of the nasal mucosa following exposure to non-infectious, inhaled, and airborne allergens that are defined based on the period of exposure to the allergen as annual, seasonal, or episodic. A variety of factors are found to relate to the prevalence of allergic rhinitis, i.e., sex, race, age, seasonality, personal and family-positive atopic history, as well as exposure to environmental and epigenetic factors. In addition to the local inflammation in the nasal mucosa, systemic inflammation is activated in the entire respiratory system, such as rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, sinusitis, and otitis media with effusion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the trends in the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in the Greek pediatric and adolescent population since 1990. Research was performed in electronic databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library) using appropriate MeSH terms for related studies from 1990 to 2023. We found 12 studies, 11 prospective and 1 cross-sectional, conducted in the cities of Athens, Thessaloniki, Patras and Evros prefecture, with sample sizes varying from 517 to 3076 subjects aged 6–17 years old. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis showed geographic and temporal variability, ranging between 2.1 and 32.5% in children and 25.3 and 30.8% in adolescents, with increasing trends. Factors such as gender (male), age (8–10 years), environmental exposures (moisture, mites, and fungi), positive atopic profile, and family history (asthma and eczema) were related to the manifestation of the disease. The need for systematic research in the Greek child and adolescent population is vital to recognize, prognosis, and control allergic rhinitis manifestations.
Seismology of Azimuthally Anisotropic Media and Seismic Fracture Characterization

Traveltimes of reflected waves (reflection moveout) in heterogeneous anisotropic media are usually modeled by multioffset and multiazimuth ray tracing (e.g., Gajewski and Psencĺk, 1987). Whereas anisotropic ray-tracing codes are sufficiently fast for forward modeling, their application in moveout inversion requires repeated generation of azimuthally-dependent traveltimes around many common-midpoint (CMP) locations, which makes the inversion procedure extremely time-consuming. Also, purely numerical solutions do not give insight into the influence of anisotropy on reflection traveltimes. This chapter is devoted to analytic treatment of conventional-spread reflection moveout in anisotropic media. For models with moderate structural complexity and spreadlength-to-depth ratios close to unity, traveltimes in CMP geometry are welldescribed by normal-moveout (NMO) velocity defined in the zero-spread limit (Tsvankin and Thomsen, 1994; Tsvankin, 2005). Even in the presence of nonhyperbolic moveout, NMO velocity (Vnmo) is still responsible for the most stable, conventionaloffset portion of the moveout curve. The description of Vnmo given here provides an analytic basis for moveout inversion, helps evaluate the contribution of the anisotropy parameters to reflection traveltimes, and leads to a significant increase in the efficiency of traveltime modeling/inversion methods.
Índice de massa corporal associado a alterações cardíacas em indivíduos da região norte de Mato Grosso

Introdução: O excesso de peso é um importante fator de risco para disfunção cardíaca. Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre o índice de massa corporal e as alterações estruturais e funcionais do coração em uma amostra de indivíduos da região norte de Mato Grosso. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal em uma amostra por conveniência (n=97) de indivíduos adultos, brasileiros, acima de 18 anos, de ambos os sexos, atendidos em uma clínica cardiológica na cidade de Sinop/MT. Os pacientes foram divididos em três grupos, sendo: eutrofia (IMC= 18,5 a 24,9 kg/m²; n=23), sobrepeso (IMC= 25,0 a 29,9 kg/m²; n=34) e obesidade (IMC≥ 30 kg/ m², n=40). As variáveis ecocardiográficas foram comparadas entre os três grupos. O grau de correlação linear (variáveis quantitativas) e de independência (variáveis qualitativas) foi determinado. O nível de confiança foi de 95%. Resultados: O excesso de peso, em especial a obesidade, foi associado à remodelação do coração e disfunção diastólica; em adição, o grupo obeso também demonstrou maiores valores de idade e pressão arterial sistólica. Todos os grupos apresentaram índices adequados de fração de ejeção. O grau de correlação linear foi significativamente positivo entre o IMC e os indicadores ecocardiográficos da morfologia cardíaca, no entanto, negativo com alguns marcadores da função diastólica. Conclusão: O excesso de peso, em especial a obesidade, foi associado à remodelação do coração e disfunção diastólica do ventrículo esquerdo, as quais variam de acordo com o IMC.
What Is Helpful and What Is Challenging for the Caregivers of Young People Receiving Interventions to Prevent Suicide? Caregivers’ Perspectives—A Rapid Scoping Review

(1) Background: Suicide is a leading cause of death among young people. Preventing suicide in young people is a priority. Caregivers play a vital role in ensuring interventions for young people experiencing suicide ideation and/or attempts are implemented, and that they are maintained over time. Despite this, little is known about what caregivers find helpful and challenging in relation to suicide prevention interventions. This rapid scoping review is the first to address this gap. (2) Methods: Searches were completed on six electronic databases using keywords relating to ‘suicide prevention, ‘young people’, and ‘caregivers’. Ten studies—using both qualitative and quantitative methods, and involving >1400 carers from the United States and Europe—were selected for inclusion. (3) Results: The review shows that caregivers value interventions that are delivered by non-judgmental clinicians, that are suitable to the particular needs of their child, that are available when needed, and that support their confidence and communication. Caregivers experience difficulties with interventions that require their attendance at specific times, and that fail to recognize and/or address their own mental health needs. (4) Conclusions: The findings can be used to inform and improve the intervention design, with the aim of improving outcomes for caregivers and young people.
Thiamin (Vitamin B1) – A scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023

Only a few studies have explored relationships between thiamine intake and function, and a few studies have examined the effects of supplements on various clinical or biochemical outcomes. None of these studies, however, makes a useful contribution to understanding requirements in healthy populations. The requirement of thiamine relates to energy and carbohydrate intake. Clinical signs of deficiency have been observed at intakes below 0.5 mg/day, which corresponds to 0.05 mg/MJ. In other studies, thiamine excretion in the urine and normalisation of enzyme activity were normalised at intakes of 0.07–0.08 mg/MJ. The lower limit of intake thus estimates at 0.05 mg/MJ. It has not been possible to set a safe upper intake level for thiamine due to a lack of data. Studies on pregnant and lactating women indicate a higher requirement as assessed by biochemical parameters. A few studies indicate that thiamine utilisation is impaired among elderly subjects.
Disaggregated Travel Forecasting

GIS-T has become an essential tool for transportation planning and travel forecasting. In this study, a disaggregated travel forecasting model is used to predict journey to work changes in regional development, demographics, and transportation supply. The Census Transportation Planning Package (CTPP) summarizes information by place of residence, by place of work, and for worker flows between home and work. However, its spatial unit is too broad to be used in transportation planning. Thus, travel models with aggregated data often mislead the transportation planning. Twin Cities Metro Area is selected as a study region. There are 689 census tracts in Twin Cities Metro Area while 42,189 census blocks as of year 2000 are available. The results show that disaggregated GIS-based approach to transportation modeling is a fundamental means of improving travel forecasting.
Gestures and Their Meanings of Main Character in Daniel’s Movie Everything Everywhere All at Once (2022)

Gesture is a unique nonverbal communication signal, whereby a person conveys a message or expresses himself through conscious or unconscious movements, body movements, and facial expressions" (Vijay, 2013). This study aims to analyze gestures and meaning based on the context of gestures supported by utterances. According to Sugiyono (2013: 13), this research employs a descriptive qualitative methodology. This study uses the theory of McNeil (2005) that classifies gestures into four types, namely Iconic, Deictic, Metaphor, and Beat. The data used in this research is in the form of screenshots taken from the movie "Everything Everywhere All at Once (20"2)" by Daniel. Four types of gestures are found in the movie, as the researcher has done in the analysis. There are 122 data found. There are 11 (9%) data as iconic gestures, 22 (18%) data as deictic gestures, 15 (12%) data as metaphor gestures, and 75 (61%) data as beat gestures. From the data analyzed, the meaning of the gesture is supported by the utterances in dialog (Semantic Meaning). Some gestures meaning is unclear if they are not accompanied or supported by semantic meaning or utterances. Meanwhile, some data do not have a cultural meaning and no relation to the semantic meaning, such as beat type. A beat gesture is a rhythm of speech as a compliment.
Study on distribution of urban particle pollution by remote sensing and GIS

Due to the different influence of inhalable particle pollutant upon the transmissivity between visible channel and near infrared channel of NOAA satellite, a difference vegetation index I_(DV) is built. And the relationship between I_(DV) and particulate pollution index I_(PM10) observed by the ground environment monitoring station is found. On the basis of quantitative reversion of pollution measurements by satellite, combining with green land distribution, green land statistics and meteorological data, a dynamic monitoring and research has been done to the particle pollution of the central urb in Shanghai by using GIS multifactor integrated analysis.
Maternal Pre-Existing Diabetes: A Non-Inherited Risk Factor for Congenital Cardiopathies

Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common form of birth defects in humans. They occur in 9 out of 1000 live births and are defined as structural abnormalities of the heart. Understanding CHDs is difficult due to the heterogeneity of the disease and its multifactorial etiology. Advances in genomic sequencing have made it possible to identify the genetic factors involved in CHDs. However, genetic origins have only been found in a minority of CHD cases, suggesting the contribution of non-inherited (environmental) risk factors to the etiology of CHDs. Maternal pregestational diabetes is associated with a three- to five-fold increased risk of congenital cardiopathies, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are incompletely understood. According to current hypotheses, hyperglycemia is the main teratogenic agent in diabetic pregnancies. It is thought to induce cell damage, directly through genetic and epigenetic dysregulations and/or indirectly through production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The purpose of this review is to summarize key findings on the molecular mechanisms altered in cardiac development during exposure to hyperglycemic conditions in utero. It also presents the various in vivo and in vitro techniques used to experimentally model pregestational diabetes. Finally, new approaches are suggested to broaden our understanding of the subject and develop new prevention strategies.
The Remaining Challenge to Diagnose and Manage Cow’s Milk Allergy: An Opinion Paper to Daily Clinical Practice

Guidelines and recommendations for the diagnosis and management of cow’s milk allergy (CMA) in childhood are based on scientific review of the available evidence. While this approach is the most rigorous, guidelines may not fully address all scenarios encountered by clinicians. Many symptoms of CMA overlap with other common childhood illnesses and are subjectively reported by the caregivers of the infant, as is the interpretation of the dietary interventions. Additionally, many healthcare professionals and caregivers do not follow the recommendations to perform an oral food challenge or reintroduction of cow’s milk after a diagnostic elimination diet because (1) the infant is doing well and (2) the carer’s fear of symptoms relapsing with this procedure. As a result, CMA in infants may be either under-diagnosed leading to reduced quality of life for families or over-diagnosed, resulting in unnecessary long-term elimination diets and increasing the risk for nutritional deficiencies. This paper discusses some of these controversial topics, focusing on misdiagnosis and mismanagement in clinical practice. The lack of objective diagnostic criteria can hamper the diagnosis and management of CMA in daily practice.
Biochemical and histological study of spermatogenic activity in male albino rats treated with Cantharis Q

Cantharidin is a bioactive toxin produced by the blister beetles commonly called Spanish fly. This natural compound is a bicyclic monoterpene (C10H12O4 ) that has clinical application as an anti-inflammatory, antiviral as well as antitumor agent and has been widely used to treat a variety of skin-related diseases. There are several reports of consumption of dried blister beetles and their traditional formulations due to a long history of the supposed aphrodisiac property of cantharidin. The present study, therefore, aimed at investigating the biochemical and histological changes in the testes of male albino rats of Wistar strain due to oral intake of Cantharis Q, a crude alcoholic extract of blister beetle Lytta vesicatoria used as mother tincture and as diluted potentized form in homeopathy. The experimental rats were given Cantharis Q dosage of 500 µg/Kg body weight for 60 days and the subsequent autorecovery was also studied after 30 days without treatment. The treated rats showed a significant decrease in the weight of testis, seminiferous tubular diameter and sperm count. Activity of testicular acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), hyaluronidase (HL) enzyme and content of cholesterol, total protein, DNA and RNA decreased significantly whereas activity of beta-glucuronidase (BG) enzyme and glycogen was significantly increased. Spermatogenesis stages VIII, IX and X showed sloughing of round spermatids into the tubular lumen. The animals kept for autorecovery showed only partial improvement. Thus, it could be concluded that the treatment had a negative impact on the physiological function of testis of albino rat causing detrimental effects on the spermatogenic activity
THE INFLUENCE OF CREDIT RISK AND LIQUIDITY RISK ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BANKS LISTED ON THE INDONESIAN STOCK EXCHANGE

In recent years, the banking sector in Indonesia has attracted significant attention due to its role in the country's economic development. As a vital component of the financial system, banks play a crucial role in allocating funds, supporting economic activities, and ensuring financial stability. Amidst the evolving landscape of financial markets and regulatory changes, understanding the factors that influence the performance of conventional banks has become a pertinent area of research. This study aims to test and analyze the effect of credit risk, measured by non-performing loans, and liquidity risk, measured by liquid assets to total assets, as well as control variables such as bank size, gross domestic product, and inflation on bank performance, measured by return on assets in 39 conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 5 years (2016 - 2020). This study employs a quantitative approach, utilizing panel data analysis – a blend of time series and cross-sectional data. The results of the analysis show that non-performing loans have a negative and significant effect on return on assets. Liquid assets to total assets also have a negative and significant effect on return on assets. The control variable of bank size has a positive and significant effect on return on assets. Similarly, the control variable of gross domestic product has a positive and significant effect on return on assets. Additionally, the inflation control variable has a positive and significant effect on return on assets.
Single-Use Wearable Wireless Sensors for Vital Sign Monitoring

What Is the Issue? The monitoring of vital signs is a key component of patient care. Metrics such as heart rate, body temperature, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation allow health care staff to monitor the well-being of their patients. What Is the Technology? Single-use, wearable devices for vital sign monitoring have a variety of designs that are embedded with sensors that allow for continuous monitoring. They transmit data wirelessly to a base unit within a health care setting or a home. What Is the Potential Impact? For patients in the hospital, single-use wearable monitors can allow for fewer interruptions to rest. For patients leaving the hospital, the wearable monitors can allow for peace of mind and earlier discharge because the individual continues to be monitored remotely. In out-of-hospital settings, vital sign monitoring can signal when a person should seek additional care. The potential impacts may extend to caring for older adults at home. What Else Do We Need to Know? This Horizon Scan summarizes information regarding the effectiveness, safety, cost, and other considerations should there be a broad implementation of emerging wearable devices for the remote measurement of vital signs.