Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Learning to Terminate in Object Navigation

This paper tackles the critical challenge of object navigation in autonomous navigation systems, particularly focusing on the problem of target approach and episode termination in environments with long optimal episode length in Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) based methods. While effective in environment exploration and object localization, conventional DRL methods often struggle with optimal path planning and termination recognition due to a lack of depth information. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel approach, namely the Depth-Inference Termination Agent (DITA), which incorporates a supervised model called the Judge Model to implicitly infer object-wise depth and decide termination jointly with reinforcement learning. We train our judge model along with reinforcement learning in parallel and supervise the former efficiently by reward signal. Our evaluation shows the method is demonstrating superior performance, we achieve a 9.3% gain on success rate than our baseline method across all room types and gain 51.2% improvements on long episodes environment while maintaining slightly better Success Weighted by Path Length (SPL). Code and resources, visualization are available at: https://github.com/HuskyKingdom/DITA_acml2023
Use of benthic macroinvertebrates to assess impacts of agricultural land use in nontidal coastal plain streams

i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. iii LIST OF FIGURES. vii LIST OF TABLES. x INTRODUCTION. 1 BACKGROUND Nutrient transport and watershed land use. 4 Conceptual model of nutrient enrichment in aquatic ecosystems. 6 Nutrient enrichment in stream ecosystems. 9 Effects of enrichment on aquatic fauna. 12 Changes in benthic community structure with nutrient enrichment. 15 Use of benthic macroinvertebrates as bioindicators. 18 OBJECTIVES AND HYPOTHESES. 23 SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH. 25 METHODS Site overview. 27 Site selection and GIS analyses. 28 Water column analyses. 29 Sediment analyses. 33 Benthic macroinvertebrates. 35 Data analysis. 36 RESULTS Watershed land cover and water column and sediment variables. 39 Regressions of land use and water column and sediment variables. 58 Correlations of water column and sediment variables. 65 Macroinvertebrate community structure and calculated metrics. 69 Regressions of land use and macroinvertebrate metrics. 88 Correlations between macroinvertebrate metrics and water column and sediment variables. 92 vi DISCUSSION Evidence for nutrient enrichment. 97 Importance of local factors. 104 Regional comparisons. 109 Conclusions and future directions for research. 115 REFERENCES. 119 APPENDIX A: MONTHLY VALUES OF WATER COLUMN AND SEDIMENT VARIABLES. 130 APPENDIX B: MONTHLY VALUES OF MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITY COMPOSITION AND CALCULATED METRICS. 139
Temperature- and Diet-Induced Plasticity of Growth and Digestive Enzymes Activity in Spongy Moth Larvae

Temperature and food quality are the most important environmental factors determining the performance of herbivorous insects. The objective of our study was to evaluate the responses of the spongy moth (formerly known as the gypsy moth) [Lymantria dispar L. (Lepidoptera: Erebidae)] to simultaneous variation in these two factors. From hatching to the fourth instar, larvae were exposed to three temperatures (19 °C, 23 °C, and 28 °C) and fed four artificial diets that differed in protein (P) and carbohydrate (C) content. Within each temperature regime, the effects of the nutrient content (P+C) and ratio (P:C) on development duration, larval mass, growth rate, and activities of digestive proteases, carbohydrases, and lipase were examined. It was found that temperature and food quality had a significant effect on the fitness-related traits and digestive physiology of the larvae. The greatest mass and highest growth rate were obtained at 28 °C on a high-protein low-carbohydrate diet. A homeostatic increase in activity was observed for total protease, trypsin, and amylase in response to low substrate levels in the diet. A significant modulation of overall enzyme activities in response to 28 °C was detected only with a low diet quality. A decrease in the nutrient content and P:C ratio only affected the coordination of enzyme activities at 28 °C, as indicated by the significantly altered correlation matrices. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that variation in fitness traits in response to different rearing conditions could be explained by variation in digestion. Our results contribute to the understanding of the role of digestive enzymes in post-ingestive nutrient balancing.
Drinking Over the Lifespan

Many college students drink heavily and experience myriad associated negative consequences. This review suggests that a developmental perspective can facilitate a better understanding of college drinking. Specifically, using an emerging adulthood framework that considers the ongoing role of parents and neurodevelopmental processes can provide insight into why students drink. Most college students drink and tend to drink more and more heavily than their non–college-attending peers. These drinking patterns are affected by environmental and temporal characteristics specific to the college environment, including residential campus living, the academic week, and the academic year. Additional psychosocial factors are of particular relevance to the drinking behavior of college-age people, and include exaggerated peer norms, the development and use of protective behavioral strategies, and mental health considerations. Understanding the unique interaction of person and environment is key to designing prevention/intervention efforts.
MSF-Model: Modeling Metastable Failures in Replicated Storage Systems

Metastable failure is a recent abstraction of a pattern of failures that occurs frequently in real-world distributed storage systems. In this paper, we propose a formal analysis and modeling of metastable failures in replicated storage systems. We focus on a foundational problem in distributed systems -- the problem of consensus -- to have an impact on a large class of systems. Our main contribution is the development of a queuing-based analytical model, MSF-Model, that can be used to characterize and predict metastable failures. MSF-Model integrates novel modeling concepts that allow modeling metastable failures which was interactable to model prior to our work. We also perform real experiments to reproduce and validate our model. Our real experiments show that MSF-Model predicts metastable failures with high accuracy by comparing the real experiment with the predictions from the queuing-based model.
Compression and permeability behavior of natural mudstones

Pore water overpressures (u*) within mudstones beneath Brazos-Trinity Basin IV (deepwater Gulf of Mexico, offshore Texas) are greater than 70% of the hydrostatic vertical effective stress (σ’vh) [λ = 0.7 = (u/σ’vh)]. These results are compatible with recent observations that suggest sedimentation rates in this region are rapid (6 mm/yr). I compare the petrophysical properties and pore pressures within a 120 meter-thick package of mudstone penetrated at two locations: Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Sites U1319 and U1320. Site U1319 is at the margin of Brazos-Trinity Basin IV whereas Site U1320 lies at its center, beneath 180 meters of turbidite fill. Experimentally derived preconsolidation stresses and an in-situ pore pressure measurement record overpressure at Site U1319 and Site U1320 (λ ~ 0.2 to 0.8 and λ ~ 0.8, respectively). I use these data to define an average vertical effective stress gradient. Assuming that void ratio (e) is proportional to the log of vertical effective stress (σ’v), I predict pore pressures throughout the mudstone at both sites using bulk density data. Overpressures are greater at Site U1320 due to rapid deposition of the overlying turbidites. However, a large fraction of the overpressure induced by the turbidite load applied at Site U1320 has dissipated by drainage into the overlying basin fill. High overpressures near the seafloor drive shallow fluid flow, reduce slope stability, and may explain large submarine landslides. _______________________ 1The full content of this chapter is published in Journal of Geophysical Research in 2009.
The stability and structure of primordial reservoirs in the lower mantle: insights from models of thermochemical convection in three-dimensional spherical geometry

Large-scale chemical lateral heterogeneities are inferred in the Earth's lowermost mantle by seismological studies. We explore the model space of thermochemical convection that can maintain reservoirs of dense material for a long period of time, by using similar analysis in 3-D spherical geometry. In this study, we focus on the parameters thought to be important in controlling the stability and structure of primordial dense reservoirs in the lower mantle, including the chemical density contrast between the primordial dense material and the regular mantle material (buoyancy ratio), thermal and chemical viscosity contrasts, volume fraction of primordial dense material and the Clapeyron slope of the phase transition at 660 km depth. We find that most of the findings from the 3-D Cartesian study still apply to 3-D spherical cases after slight modifications. Varying buoyancy ratio leads to different flow patterns, from rapid upwelling to stable layering; and large thermal viscosity contrasts are required to generate long wavelength chemical structures in the lower mantle. Chemical viscosity contrasts in a reasonable range have a second-order role in modifying the stability of the dense anomalies. The volume fraction of the initial primordial dense material does not effect the results with large thermal viscosity contrasts, but has significant effects on calculations with intermediate and small thermal viscosity contrasts. The volume fraction of dense material at which the flow pattern changes from unstable to stable depends on buoyancy ratio and thermal viscosity contrast. An endothermic phase transition at 660 km depth acts as a 'filter' allowing cold slabs to penetrate while blocking most of the dense material from penetrating to the upper mantle.
Textural developments in chromite deforming under eclogite‐facies conditions from the Neoarchaean Sittampundi anorthosite complex, southern India

We describe the textural evolution of chromites from the Neoarchaean Sittampundi anorthosite complex in southern India. A series of micro‐structural developments in chromites with increasing temperature is recorded. The intracrystalline deformation started with a high strain rate at elevated temperature. At higher temperature, crystal plastic deformation like recovery/recrystallization was initiated developing subgrains in chromites. Diffusion processes played a major role during deformation as documented from grain boundary geometry of chromites with adjacent silicates, distribution of silicate inclusions in the host chromites as well as in the new grains, and the development of sector Al–Cr zoning. At the highest temperatures, diffusion might have overstepped the recovery. After deformation stopped, static recrystallization by grain boundary area reduction resulted in grain growth. A high‐strain steady‐state, heterogeneous deformation, as evidenced from the chromite micro‐structures is suggested for the Sittampundi chromites. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interactions in novel low-dimensional quantum systems: arrays of cold atoms and graphene monolayers

El objetivo de esta tesis es avanzar en el conocimiento de los efectos que dichas interacciones pueden tener en ambos sistemas, grafeno y redes de atomos frios. Las interacciones pueden ser entre particulas de dicho sistema, pero estas a su vez tambien pueden verse influenciadas por la presencia de agentes externos en el entorno en el que el sistema vive.De cara a estudiar la fenomenologia experimental de estos sistemas, ambos tipos de interacciones son muy importantes, por lo que han sido abordadas en distintos capitulos de la tesis. La tesis incluye tres capitulos introductorios, con los que se trata de dar una resentacion autocontenida de los resultados. Uno general, en el que se pasa revista al campo de sistemas cuanticos de dimensionalidad reducida, incluyendo las nuevas realizaciones de las que trata esta tesis. Y otros dos, uno al principio de cada parte de la tesis, que incluyen resultados y tecnicas relevantes para el estudio de las interacciones en los siguientes capitulos.
Projection based fuzzy least squares twin support vector machine for class imbalance problems

Class imbalance is a major problem in many real world classification tasks. Due to the imbalance in the number of samples, the support vector machine (SVM) classifier gets biased toward the majority class. Furthermore, these samples are often observed with a certain degree of noise. Therefore, to remove these problems we propose a novel fuzzy based approach to deal with class imbalanced as well noisy datasets. We propose two approaches to address these problems. The first approach is based on the intuitionistic fuzzy membership, termed as robust energy-based intuitionistic fuzzy least squares twin support vector machine (IF-RELSTSVM). Furthermore, we introduce the concept of hyperplane-based fuzzy membership in our second approach, where the final classifier is termed as robust energy-based fuzzy least square twin support vector machine (F-RELSTSVM). By using this technique, the membership values are based on a projection based approach, where the data points are projected on the hyperplanes. The performance of the proposed algorithms is evaluated on several benchmark and synthetic datasets. The experimental results show that the proposed IF-RELSTSVM and F-RELSTSVM models outperform the baseline algorithms. Statistical tests are performed to check the significance of the proposed algorithms. The results show the applicability of the proposed algorithms on noisy as well as imbalanced datasets.
Effects of silencing RIP1 with siRNA on the biological behavior of the LoVo human colon cancer cell line

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of silencing RIP1 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) on the biological behavior of the LoVo human colorectal carcinoma cell line and to provide evidence for the feasibility of colorectal cancer gene therapy. LoVo cells were divided into the RIP1 siRNA group, the blank control group and the negative control group. Chemically synthesized siRNA targeting RIP1 (RIP1 siRNA) was transfected into LoVo cells. Following transfection of the RIP1-targeted siRNA into the LoVo cells, the expression of the RIP1 gene was effectively inhibited. The results demonstrated that RIP1 effectively regulated the malignant biological behavior of the LoVo colon cancer cell line. Furthermore, the proliferation, motility and invasiveness of LoVo cells were inhibited by siRNA knockdown of RIP1. The results revealed that the RIP1 gene has an important role in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis in colorectal carcinoma cells.
Wrist sensor reveals sympathetic hyperactivity and hypoventilation before probable SUDEP

We report a probable sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) in a 20-year-old man wearing a smartwatch that recorded wrist motion via 3-axis accelerometer (ACC) and electrodermal activity (EDA). EDA reflects sympathetic activity without parasympathetic antagonism.1 The smartwatch (Empatica [Milan, Italy] Embrace, with CE Medical clearance from the European Union for seizure detection) issued an alert, received by the caregiver at 8:50 am, indicating a probable convulsive seizure. An adult trained in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) arrived at 9:05 am, found the patient pulseless, prone, face in pillow with mucus in his mouth, and commenced CPR for 15 minutes without recovery. The family declined autopsy.
The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa

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Translocation. Incidental phenomenon or true pathology?

OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to determine if reduction of early postburn endotoxemia influences the cytokine cascade, clinical manifestations of sepsis, and mortality rate. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA Translocational endotoxemia has been demonstrated postburn in animals and humans. Endotoxin is known to induce the cytokine cascade, which leads to the clinical manifestations of sepsis. Whether reduction of postburn endotoxemia could influence the induction of cytokines has not been demonstrated. METHODS In a prospective, randomized study, 76 burn patients were given polymyxin intravenously or served as control subjects. Polymyxin B was given intravenously for 1 week postburn in doses designed to neutralize circulating endotoxemia. RESULTS In the polymyxin group, there was a statistically significant reduction in the plasma endotoxin concentration. There was, however, no reduction in the sepsis score or the interleukin-6 levels, and no differences in mortality rates were seen between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Early postburn translocational endotoxemia can be treated with anti-endotoxin agents such as polymyxin B. This, however, does not influence the cytokine cascade or the mortality rate. The systemic inflammatory response syndrome is caused by cytokine induction from the injury and is unaffected by a reduction in the plasma endotoxin concentration.
Epidemiological and economic evaluation of foot-and-mouth disease control strategies in the Netherlands

A Markov chain model on the microcomputer is presented, in which a variety of control strategies with respect to foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in cattle and pig herds can be exam­ ined economically. From an epidemiological point of view, the most favourable results for the Netherlands were obtained under the strategy currently being applied, i.e. annual vacci­ nation of the cattle population in combination with stamping out affected herds and ring vac­ cination when the disease does occur. From an economic point of view, however, it was found that the annual costs are considerably reduced when ceasing the prophylactic routine vaccination, provided that adequate measures are carried out in case of an outbreak. This conclusion in favour of a non-vaccinated population was hardly influenced by more pessimis­ tic values for the major - uncertain - input factors, and not likely to be outranged by indirect costs due to an increased risk for export bans. More research is underway to model these in­ direct losses more precisely.
XRPC: efficient distributed query processing on heterogeneous XQuery engines

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Industria petroquímica y cambios socioeconómicos regionales en la costa del Golfo de México: El caso del sureste de Veracruz

The petrochemical industry has played a key role in determining the spatial structure and organization of some coastai areas of the countiy. including the southeastern part of the State of Veracruz. The support given to this region during the oil boom period, led to an important development of the petrochemical industiy. ln turn, this gave rise to a series of processes of social, demographic. economic and urban-regional change, that, as a consequence of their accelerated dynamics, exceeded the capacity of local. state and federal governments to manage them As a result, the southeastern part of the State of Veracruz currently presents deep socio-economic disparities.
An intercomparison of remotely sensed soil moisture products at various spatial scales over the Iberian Peninsula

Soil moisture (SM) can be retrieved from active microwave (AM), passive microwave (PM) and thermal infrared (TIR) observations, each having unique spatial and temporal coverages. A limitation of TIR‐based retrievals is a dependence on cloud‐free conditions, whereas microwave retrievals are almost all weather proof. A downside of SM retrievals from PM is the coarse spatial resolution. Although SM retrievals at coarse spatial resolution proved to be valuable for global‐scale and continental‐scale studies, their value for regional‐scale studies remains limited. To increase the use of SM retrievals from PM observations, an existing method to enhance their spatial resolution was applied. We present an intercomparison study over the Iberian Peninsula for three SM products on two different spatial sampling grids. The remotely sensed SM products were also compared with in situ observations from the Remedhus network. Variations between ground data and satellite‐based SM are observed; all three remotely sensed SM products show good agreement to the ground observations. The comparison shows that these ground observations and satellite data are consistent, based on the correlation coefficient (R) and root mean square error (RMSE). The remotely sensed products were intercompared after sampling at 25 × 25 km2 and after applying the smoothing filter‐based intensity modulation (SFIM) downscaling technique at 10 × 10 km2 grids. After the application of the SFIM technique, the SM retrievals from PM observations show better agreement with the other remotely sensed SM products for approximately 40% of the study area. For another 40% of the study area, we found a similar agreement between these product combinations, whereas in extreme environments, both arid and densely vegetated regions, the agreement decreases after the application of the SFIM technique. Agreement between retrievals of absolute SM content from PM and TIR observations is generally high (R = 0.77 for semi‐arid areas). This study enhances our understanding of the remotely sensed SM products for improvements of SM retrieval and merging strategies. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
COMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH SINCE LAZARSFELD

It's time to ask what happened to what Lazarsfeld and Stanton (1944:vii) casually called' 'the discipline of communications research. " Much of the history of this enterprise, discipline or not, can be written as a set of continuing arguments with Paul Lazarsfeld. Far from subsiding, these arguments have become more pointed in the last decade. Disciplines Communication | Social and Behavioral Sciences This journal article is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn. edu/asc_papers/246 COMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH SINCE LAZARSFELD