Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social contextual factors associated with lifetime HIV testing among the Tushirikiane urban refugee youth cohort in Kampala, Uganda: Cross-sectional findings

Background Urban refugee youth may live in social contexts characterized by structural drivers of HIV such as poverty and violence. Knowledge gaps remain regarding HIV testing practices among urban refugee youth, despite the increasing trend toward refugee settlement in urban contexts. This study examined social contextual factors associated with lifetime HIV testing among urban refugee youth in Kampala, Uganda. Methods We conducted a community-based study with a peer-recruited cohort of urban refugee youth aged 16–24 years living in Kampala’s informal settlements, and present baseline cross-sectional findings. We conducted descriptive statistics and logistic regression to examine socio-demographic (e.g., gender and age), material (e.g., income insecurity and education), relational (e.g., social support), and symbolic contexts (e.g., HIV-related stigma and intimate partner violence (IPV]) associated with lifetime HIV testing. Results Participants (n = 450) had a mean age of 20.4 years (standard deviation: 2.4 years), most lived in Uganda for 1–5 years (53.2%), and less than half reported lifetime HIV testing (43.4%). In multivariable analyses, odds of lifetime HIV testing were higher among youth with secondary school education or higher (adjusted odds ratio (aOR]: 2.30, 95% confidence interval (CI]: 1.27–4.17), currently employed (aOR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.03–3.10), and reporting IPV (aOR: 3.61, 95% CI: 1.43–9.10). Having children was marginally associated with HIV testing (aOR: 2.17, 95% CI: 0.98–4.81, p = 0.052). Conclusions Findings demonstrate suboptimal HIV testing and the importance of tailored strategies to reach urban refugee youth who are unemployed and have limited formal education. There is a need to meaningfully engage urban refugee youth to create enabling environments for sexual health.
Reinforcement learning applied to option pricing

This dissertation considers the pricing of European and American options. European option prices are determined by the market and can be verified by a closed-form solution to the Black-Scholes model. These options can only be exercised at the maturity date. American option prices are not derived from the market and cannot be priced using the same closed-form solution as in the case of the European options because American options can be exercised at any time on or before the maturity date. An initial method was investigated in pricing a European option but could not price American options. Improvements were made producing two robust option pricing models. The results of which were compared to the closed-form solution in the case of European options and a numerical approximation solution in the case of American options. The improved models showed two significant benefits. The first benefit is the ability to price both European and American options and the second is the ability to calibrate the models to market prices using market data. Changes to the parameters of the models showed the limitations of each improved model. In conclusion, the improved methods are effective procedures for solving the European and American option pricing problem.
Glucose monitoring for type 1 diabetes mellitus in junior rhythmic gymnastics – a case report

The main challenge in managing type 1 diabetes mellitus is to achieve the glycaemic targets, especially when top-level athletes are involved. The present paper aims at identifying the daily continuous glycaemic oscillations that occur on a regular basis during rhythmic gymnastics training sessions. This is a case report of a 12-year-old junior rhythmic gymnast diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus, with 6 years of experience in sport. Her glycaemic records were available for analysis through the FreeStyle Libre glucose monitoring sensor. The investigation took place in Bucharest between March 30 and April 26, 2021. During this time, the gymnast attended training sessions, provided that her glycaemic values allowed her to perform physical exercise. Data resulting from the LibreView specific software were correlated with the exercise parameters. From the diabetes management standpoint, it was emphasised the distribution of glycaemic values (in range, above and below the target zone) in bi-monthly and daily reports to identify the glucose profiles on training and non-training days. Depending on glycaemic oscillations, the coach adjusted in real time the training load for the athlete so that hypo- and hyperglycaemic episodes are avoided. Glucose monitoring could safely establish risk-free time intervals for both health and training purposes.
Amino acid nitrogen and carbon isotope data: Potential and implications for ecological studies

Abstract Explaining food web dynamics, stability, and functioning depend substantially on understanding of feeding relations within a community. Bulk stable isotope ratios (SIRs) in natural abundance are well‐established tools to express direct and indirect feeding relations as continuous variables across time and space. Along with bulk SIRs, the SIRs of individual amino acids (AAs) are now emerging as a promising and complementary method to characterize the flow and transformation of resources across a diversity of organisms, from microbial domains to macroscopic consumers. This significant AA‐SIR capacity is based on empirical evidence that a consumer's SIR, specific to an individual AA, reflects its diet SIR coupled with a certain degree of isotopic differences between the consumer and its diet. However, many empirical ecologists are still unfamiliar with the scope of applicability and the interpretative power of AA‐SIR. To fill these knowledge gaps, we here describe a comprehensive approach to both carbon and nitrogen AA‐SIR assessment focusing on two key topics: pattern in AA‐isotope composition across spatial and temporal scales, and a certain variability of AA‐specific isotope differences between the diet and the consumer. On this basis we review the versatile applicability of AA‐SIR to improve our understanding of physiological processes as well as food web functioning, allowing us to reconstruct dominant basal dietary sources and trace their trophic transfers at the specimen and community levels. Given the insightful and opportunities of AA‐SIR, we suggest future applications for the dual use of carbon and nitrogen AA‐SIR to study more realistic food web structures and robust consumer niches, which are often very difficult to explain in nature.
A Comparative Study Measuring the Difference of Healthcare Workers Reactions Among Those Involved in a Patent Safety Incident and Healthcare Professionals While Working During COVID-19

Objectives This study aimed to describe the differences and similarities in the reaction of the healthcare worker involved in a patient safety incident or during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also compared the differences in support they need. Methods A secondary data analysis was performed based on 2 cross-sectional survey studies. One study evaluated the impact of patient safety incidents on healthcare professionals, and the other evaluated the impact of COVID-19. Measurements on mental health reactions and an evaluation of the experienced support system were compared between 883 doctors and 1970 nurses working in different hospitals. Results Anxiety, difficulties concentrating, doubting knowledge and skills, feeling on their own, feeling unhappy and dejected, feeling uncertain in team, flashbacks, hypervigilance, sleep deprivation, stress and wanting to quit profession were statistically higher in the COVID-19–related groups. Second victims tend to speak about it with their own/close colleagues, whereas healthcare workers working during the COVID-19 pandemic talk more often to their partner and friends. Only a small number talked to a psychologist, but the number who needed to talk to a psychologist but did not is higher than the number who did talk to a psychologist or used professional support in all 5 groups. Conclusions The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare workers is larger than after being involved in a patient safety incident. There is the need for an adequate support system, and the mental health of all healthcare workers needs to be considered. Partners and friend play a more important role in the support experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic, and there is an important need for professional help.
An Inverter Amplifier with Resistive Feedback Current Mirror Gilbert Mixer

ABSTRACT A low-voltage, low-power, high-conversion-gain, short-range up-conversion Gilbert mixer for the licence-free band (865–867 MHz) in India is presented. In this work, the Gilbert cell transconductance stage is replaced by an inverter amplifier with a resistive feedback current mirror. The current bleeding technique is also applied to attain high conversion gain (CG) and low noise figure (NF). The design is realised in 180 nm CMOS SCL process technology and powered by 0.9 V. The proposed design offers a CG of 26.62 dB and an NF of 6.48 dB@866.5 MHz at the expense of an OIP3 of −3.3 dBm with the total power consumption of 1.94 mW. Its layout occupies a core area of 52 µm × 53 µm.
Design of a Bionics Shoulder Joint Driven By Pneumatic Muscle Actuators

This paper designs a bionics shoulder joint which driven by pneumatic muscle actuators(PMA). First the paper introduces the principle of driving rotating joints with PMA.Based on this principle the paper designs the mechanical structure of the bionics shoulder joint.The paper also builds the control system and pneumatic system which based on PLC,high-speed on/off valves and angle sensors.At last some experiments are carried on the whole system to study the closed loop control of the rotating joint and the motion control effect of the three degrees-of-freedom.The result shows that PMA could be well used in the design of robotic arm.
Investigation of adding fins to external stores for improving the flutter characteristics of a wing/store configuration

In this paper, the effect of aerodynamic damping produced by store rear horizontal fins on the aeroelastic instability of a wing with a large underwing store is investigated in an incompressible flow. The wing is modeled by using the classical Euler–Bernoulli beam theory while the unsteady strip aerodynamic theory based on the Wagner function is used to simulate the aerodynamic field. The underwing store is modeled as a concentrated mass attached to the wing by a rigid pylon and has rear horizontal fins. The numerical results of the developed generic and simple model are compared with available results, and an excellent agreement is observed. It is found that the aerodynamic damping of the store produced by its rear fin can compensate the flutter boundary of the wing-store configuration and therefore for more accurate analysis, in addition to the store weight and location, the effect of store fin must also be considered.
Enabling Personal Consent in Databases

Users have the right to consent to the use of their data, but current methods are limited to very coarse-grained expressions of consent, as "opt-in/opt-out" choices for certain uses. In this paper we identify the need for fine-grained consent management and formalize how to express and manage user consent and personal contracts of data usage in relational databases. Unlike privacy approaches, our focus is not on preserving confidentiality against an adversary, but rather cooperate with a trusted service provider to abide by user preferences in an algorithmic way. Our approach enables data owners to express the intended data usage in formal specifications, that we call consent constraints , and enables a service provider that wants to honor these constraints, to automatically do so by filtering query results that violate consent; rather than both sides relying on "terms of use" agreements written in natural language. We provide formal foundations (based on provenance), algorithms (based on unification and query rewriting), connections to data privacy, and complexity results for supporting consent in databases. We implement our framework in an open source RDBMS, and provide an evaluation against the most relevant privacy approach using the TPC-H benchmark, and on a real dataset of ICU data.
Capturing the Magic of the Customer Experience at Harrods: An Exploration into Theatrical Performance in Modern Luxury Retail.

L uxury retail strategy centralises around creating desires in a fascinating, compelling way. Increasingly, as many brands attempt to fit within the luxury umbrella, luxury retailers must adopt a unique point of differentiation, not simply in apparent forms such as price and product but within the communication of the philosophy of their brand. Luxury Department Store Harrods fulfils customers’ desires by presenting a show, engaging its audience in stories, communicated through spectacular theatrical performance. Moreover the department store, labelled ‘The Palace of Knightsbridge’ draws on brand heritage and provenance to generate awe and create the ‘Harrods Show’. In doing so it enhances the concept of experiential consumption, enriching unique value in the brand, setting Harrods aside from competitors. This paper offers an exploration into the various conceptualisations of retail theatre at Harrods; through a phenomenological study of Luxury customers’ and industry professionals’ experiences. The paper aims to offer an insight into the practice of Harrods retail theatre, using heritage and innovation as tools to leverage its power and value. Normal 0 false false false EN-GB JA X-NONE
Simulation and design of dual-frequency microstrip antenna based on HFSS

According to the 2. 45 GHz common microstrip antenna fed by a coaxial probe,by improving and optimizing antenna size by 3D EM simulation software HFSS,choosing right feeding point of the 50 Ω coaxial-cable,the microstrip antenna can work in 1. 9GHz and 2. 45 GHz frequency band. The HFSS simulation results show that the return loss reaches minimum value and input impedance is about 50 Ω while antenna is working in 1.9 GHz and 2. 45 GHz. Finally a practical antenna is fabricated,and the return loss of antenna is tested. The results show that this design of dual-frequency microstrip antenna is feasible.
Modeling and control of flow-induced vibrations of a flexible hydrofoil in viscous flow

In this paper, a reduced-order model (ROM) of the flow-induced vibrations of a flexible cantilevered hydrofoil is developed and used to design an active feedback controller. The ROM is developed using data from high-fidelity viscous fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulations and includes nonlinear terms to accurately capture the effect of lock-in. An active linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) controller is designed based on a linearization of the ROM and is implemented in simulation with the ROM and the high-fidelity viscous FSI model. A controller saturation method is also presented that ensures that the control force applied to the system remains within a prescribed range. Simulation results demonstrate that the LQG controller successfully suppresses vibrations in both the ROM and viscous FSI simulations using a reasonable amount of control force.
Dynamics and rheology of a dilute suspension of elastic capsules

OF THE THESIS Dynamics and Rheology of a Dilute Suspension of Elastic Capsules by Ram Chandra Murthy Kalluri Thesis Director: Prof. Prosenjit Bagchi Three-dimensional numerical simulations using front-tracking method are considered to study the dynamics and rheology of a suspension of elastic capsules in linear shear flow over a broad range of viscosity contrast (ratio of internalto-external fluid viscosity), shear rate (or, capillary number), and aspect ratio. First, we focus on the coupling between the shape deformation and orientation dynamics of capsules, and show how this coupling influences the transition from the tank-treading to tumbling motion. At low capillary numbers, three distinct modes of motion are identified: a swinging or oscillatory (OS) mode at a low viscosity contrast in which the inclination angle θ(t) oscillates but always remains
Physical–biological interactions underlying the connectivity patterns of coral‐dependent fishes around the Arabian Peninsula

Distribution patterns of lineages alone do not explain the processes underlying phylogenetic differentiation in fishes observed around the Arabian Peninsula, whose hypotheses traditionally rely on (i) Pleistocene vicariance events, (ii) successive bottlenecks, (iii) recent founder effects (iv) and large spatial gradients in physical conditions. In this study, we test the hypothesis that phylogeographical patterns of coral‐dependent fish species inhabiting the peninsula may be driven by a combination of ocean circulation, larval behaviour and seascape features.
An algorithm of slant correction for billet characters using height feature of characters

Slant correction for billet characters is primary and critical step of the recognition of steel billet characters. Character positioning is not accurate when the billet characters are inclined. To solve this problem, this paper presents an algorithm of slant correction for billet characters using height feature of characters. Characters are linearly arranged, using this feature, the angle between the horizontal direction and the base line can be calculated, then the sloping billet characters can be corrected. Experimental results show that the proposed method can correct sloping characters accurately. Compared with the traditional algorithm of slant correction for billet characters, the proposed method can obtain better results.
Nonlinear Muskingum model for flood routing in irrigation canals using storage moving average.

The Muskingum routing method involves the calculation of the storage volume in river reaches. The accurate calculation of the storage volume is difficult to achieve with the nonlinear Muskingum model (NMM). This paper couples the storage moving average (SMA) with NMM to produce a Muskingum storage moving average model (MUSSMAM), which has improved the accuracy of storage volume and output hydrograph calculation over the NMM. The parameters of the NMM and the weighting coefficients in the SMA are treated as dimensionless parameters in the combined MUSSMAM formulation. A hybrid method that merges the generalized reduced gradient (GRG) solver with an evolutionary (EV) solver is employed to obtain the best combination of parameter values of the MUSSMAM. The sum of the squared deviation (SSQ) between observed and routed inflows is the objective function optimized with the hybrid GRG-EV solver. The proposed MUSSMAM is tested with experimental, real, and multimodal hydrograph-routing problems. These results demonstrate that MUSSMAM reduces the SSQ by 2, 10, and 29 percent compared to the NMM in experimental, real, and multimodal problems, respectively.
RARE EARTH ELEMENT GEOCHEMISTRY AND TAPHONOMY OF THE EARLY CRETACEOUS CRYSTAL GEYSER DINOSAUR QUARRY, EAST-CENTRAL UTAH

Abstract The Crystal Geyser Dinosaur Quarry contains a large monospecific accumulation of bones from a basal therizinosaur, Falcarius utahensis. The quarry is located approximately 16 km south of Green River, Utah, at the base of the early Cretaceous (Barremian) Yellow Cat Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation. Fossil bones in the quarry occur in three units that have distinct taphonomic, lithologic, and geochemical characteristics. Rare earth element compositions of fossils suggest that bones from each unit were drawn from different reservoirs or sources having distinctly different compositions, and fossils were not reworked between units. Compositions of bones differ greatly within Units 1 and 2, even within the same 1-m2 quarry grid. These chemical differences and taphonomic characteristics, such as current orientation, hydraulic sorting, and occasional extensive abrasion, suggest that bones from these two units are allochthonous and were fossilized at other localities, possibly over an area of several kilometers, and were then eroded, transported, and concentrated in a spring-influenced fluvial environment. Bones in Unit 3 have very similar rare earth element signatures, suggesting that they were probably fossilized in situ at a separate time from bones in Units 1 and 2. At least two mass mortality events were responsible for the monospecific assemblage of bones at the quarry. Because bones may have been concentrated from a wide area, causes of mass mortality must have been regionally extensive, possibly owing to seasonal drought, sudden changes in weather, or disease.
What are the Critical Success Factors for Microbusiness Survival?

Microbusinesses demonstrated resilience through creative ways to survive during the COVID-19 pandemic closures. Seven critical success factors of internal and external influence are found from this research question review. When COVID-19’s shutdown rolled out, many microbusinesses were forced to close since they were not considered essential services and activities. These microbusinesses had to scramble to find new ways to conduct business and retain customers to survive. This research question review summarizes key critical success factors that would help prevent microbusinesses from permanent closure during a pandemic. The seven success factors identified in this paper are: Management Skills, Learning Agility, Survival Tactics, Technology, Community, Business Alliances, and Marketing. These identified success factors could lead future research to develop suggestive models for microbusinesses to follow for closure preventions during a pandemic.
A Review of Recent Studies on the Antioxidant and Anti-Infectious Properties of Senna Plants

The use of phytochemicals is gaining interest for the treatment of metabolic syndromes over the synthetic formulation of drugs. Senna is evolving as one of the important plants which have been vastly studied for its beneficial effects. Various parts of Senna species including the root, stem, leaves, and flower are found rich in numerous phytochemicals. In vitro, in vivo, and clinical experiments established that extracts from Senna plants have diverse beneficial effects by acting as a strong antioxidant and antimicrobial agent. In this review, Senna genus is comprehensively discussed in terms of its botanical characteristics, traditional use, geographic presence, and phytochemical profile. The bioactive compound richness contributes to the biological activity of Senna plant extracts. The review emphasizes on the in vivo and in vitro antioxidant and anti-infectious properties of the Senna plant. Preclinical studies confirmed the beneficial effects of the Senna plant extracts and its bioactive components in regard to the health-promoting activities. The safety, side effects, and therapeutic limitations of the Senna plant are also discussed in this review. Additional research is necessary to utilize the phenolic compounds towards its use as an alternative to pharmacological treatments and even as an ingredient in functional foods.
Subgraph Matching over Graph Federation

Many real-life applications require processing graph data across heterogeneous sources. In this paper, we define the graph federation that indicates that the graph data sources are temporarily federated and offer their data for users. Next, we propose a new framework FedGraph to efficiently and effectively perform subgraph matching, which is a crucial application in graph federation. FedGraph consists of three phases, including query decomposition, distributed matching, and distributed joining. We also develop new efficient approximation algorithms and apply them in each phase to attack the NP-hard problem. The evaluations are conducted in a real test bed using both real-life and synthetic graph datasets. FedGraph outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, reducing the execution time and communication cost by 37.3 × and 61.8 ×, respectively.