Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Java Sea Spirulina platensis chemical analysis and its protective ability against H2O2-exposed umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells according to CD73, CD90, and CD105, viability, and HIF-1 alpha docking

It is known that Spirulina has so many healing functions to overcome oxidative stresses correlated to the aging process. One of them is Spirulina platensis (SP), a microalga that is abundant in the Java Indonesian seas and has been widely cultivated. SP is able to improve mitochondrial function and is widely used as a food supplement according to its protein and content of omega-6, gamma linolenic acid, carotenoid, and various vitamins. This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of SP on cell viability and used a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) culture as a model treated with hydrogen peroxide together with SP. SP was obtained from the Java Sea and extracted with ethanol. Its content was determined with the thin layer chromatography method, and the known content was docked with the HIF-1 protein. This extract was tested to overcome oxidative stress in umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) treated with 100 and 300 µM hydrogen peroxide. Cell viability was assessed by a dye exclusion method with trypan blue. The specific surface markers (CD73, CD90, and CD105) were measured with flow cytometry to evaluate MSC stemness. The content of SP, phycocyanobilin and canthaxanthin, were considered candidates affecting HIF-1 protein regulation. The SP ethanol extract (125 ng/ml) maintained the viability and stemness of UC-MSCs during oxidative stress exposure with hydrogen peroxide. The phycocyanobilin and canthaxanthin of SP were considered candidate substances that could affect HIF-1 signaling, and the ability to overcome oxidative stress should be observed further.
Contribution of carbon and nitrogen to the soil by residues of alternative forage crops

A greater diversity of forages in autumn-winter increases the input of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) into the soil in the harvest residues. The objective of the study was to evaluate the potential contribution of C and N to the soil in alternative and traditional forage residues during the autumn-winter cycle. The experiment evaluated the dry matter (DM) yield, quantity of residues and C/N ratio in 11 forage species. The traditional crops oats, barley, triticale, wheat, berseem clover and annual ryegrass contributed less harvest residues (365 to 612 kg ha -1 ) and of lower quality, with values of the C/N ratio of 23.5 to 42.8. Alternative crops canola, beet, brassicas, radish and chickpea contributed more residues (432 to 2 958 kg ha -1 ), with higher N contents (18.5 to 32.6 g kg -1 ) and lower values of the C/N ratio (11.4 to 20). Alternative crops with thickened roots such as beet, brassica and radish improved the quantity and quality of harvest residue contribution, with a potential C capture capacity similar to traditional crops. However, only Winfred brassica and Graza radish obtained DM yields (10 094 to 11 636 kg ha -1 ) similar to or greater than those observed in the control cereals Cuauhtémoc oats (11 161 kg ha -1 ) and AN105 triticale (9 644 kg ha -1 ). A greater diversity of forages can improve in quantity and quality the contribution of harvest residues to the soil.
The effect of strengths-based performance appraisal on perceived supervisor support and the motivation to improve performance

Strengths-based performance appraisal focuses on identifying, appreciating, and developing employee’s qualities in line with the company goals. Based on self-determination theory (SDT), we hypothesized that strengths-based performance appraisals will bring about a stronger motivation to improve (MTI) performance, by making subordinates feel supported by their supervisor and thereby fulfill their need for relatedness. Moreover, we hypothesized that strengths-based performance appraisal will reduce the threat to the relationship between supervisor and subordinate when the performance rating is relatively low. To investigate our hypotheses, we distributed a questionnaire to employees working for a large Dutch consultancy firm right after their yearly appraisal ( N = 422) and linked the questionnaire data to their official performance ratings. Conditional process analysis indicated that strengths-based performance appraisal had a positive effect on perceived supervisor support (PSS), and in turn on MTI performance. Furthermore, the effect of strengths-based performance appraisal was particularly strong, when the performance rating was relatively low. Our findings may inspire future research into strengths-based performance appraisal as a relational approach to employee development.
Summarization and histograms

The starting point for prediction is the existence of a vector x from which we can predict the value of y. In machine learning, each component of this vector is called a feature. We would like to find a set of features that are good for prediction. Where do features come from in the first place? In much of machine learning, the feature vector x is considered to be given. However, features are not handed down from first principles. They had to be constructed somehow, often based on models that incorporate assumptions, design choices, and human judgments. The construction of features often follows human intuition and domain specific expertise. Nonetheless, there are several principles and recurring practices we will highlight in this chapter. Feature representations must balance many demands. First, at a population level, they must admit decision boundaries with low error rates. Second, we must be able to optimize the empirical risk efficiently given then current set of features. Third, the choice of features also influences the generalization ability of the resulting model. There are a few core patterns in feature engineering that are used to meet this set of requirements. First, there is the process of turning a measurement into a vector on a computer, which is accomplished by quantization and embedding. Second, in an attempt to focus on the most discriminative directions, the binned vectors are sorted relative to their similarity to a set of likely patterns through a process of template matching. Third, as a way to introduce robustness to noise or reduce and standardize the dimension of data, feature vectors are compressed into a low, fixed dimension via histograms and counts. Finally, nonlinear liftings are used to enable predictors to approximate complex, nonlinear decision boundaries. These processes are often iterated, and often times the feature generation process itself is tuned on the collected data.
Nonradiative energy transfer in a layered metal-dielectric nanostructure mediated by surface plasmons

Nonradiative energy transfer (NRET) has been applied in various applications of Nanosensors, Raman scattering, color tuning, light harvesting and organic light emitting structures. Due to the small range of donor-acceptor separation distance that NRET is effective, the improvement in energy transfer (ET) efficiency for thicker structures seems necessary. The plasmons resonance energy transfer (PRET) has been successfully employed to improve the NRET efficiency. The conventional plasmonic configuration consists of donor-metal nanostructure-acceptor shows remarkable improvement of PRET efficiency from the excited donor dipole to the acceptor molecule in longer separation distance. We report the first successful cascaded plasmons coupling in planar structure of donor/acceptor thin film that significantly gives rise to enhancement of ET efficiency. Moreover, the theoretical analysis shows an enhancement in induced electric field due to stratified metal-dielectric configuration compared to simple metal thin film. We observed ET efficiency increases more than 100% by applying dielectric layer between two metal films in plasmonic structure.
Tools for Phylogenetic Postprocessing

A method and apparatus for forming three-dimensional patterns by depositing a crystalloid material onto substrate in a layer by layer fashion. The apparatus includes a computer responsive for controlling the material depositing rate and the three-dimensional relative movement between the depositing head and the substrate. The controlling information comes from the sliced CAD model of the part. For each cross-section, the depositing head plots the boundary and the interior while the building material comes out of the head. The crystalloid material deposited on the substrate or previous layer of the part rapidly freezes forming a new layer of the part. The material can be deposited by a continuous extruding device or a drop-on-demand device. Where necessary, support structure is built in the same way but with material of a different melting point. The ambient temperature is accurately controlled to a certain low point in order to make the deposited material flow to a certain extent and freeze after a short time. The preferred crystalloid material is water or brine which does not pollute the environment. However, the invention encompasses the use of other crystalloid materials.
CANDELS: CORRELATIONS OF SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS AND MORPHOLOGIES WITH STAR FORMATION STATUS FOR MASSIVE GALAXIES AT z ∼ 2

We present a study on spectral energy distributions, morphologies, and star formation for an IRAC-selected extremely red object sample in the GOODS Chandra Deep Field-South. This work was enabled by new HST/WFC3 near-IR imaging from the CANDELS survey as well as the deepest available X-ray data from Chandra 4 Ms observations. This sample consists of 133 objects with the 3.6 μm limiting magnitude of [3.6] = 21.5 and is approximately complete for galaxies with M* > 1011 M☉ at 1.5 ⩽ z ⩽ 2.5. We classify this sample into two types, quiescent and star-forming galaxies (SFGs), in the observed infrared color–color ([3.6]−[24] versus K − [3.6]) diagram. The further morphological study of this sample shows a consistent result with the observed color classification. The classified quiescent galaxies are bulge dominated and SFGs in the sample have disk or irregular morphologies. Our observed infrared color classification is also consistent with the rest-frame color (U − V versus V − J) classification. We also found that quiescent and SFGs are well separated in the nonparametric morphology parameter (Gini versus M20) diagram measuring their concentration and clumpiness: quiescent galaxies have a Gini coefficient higher than 0.58 and SFGs have a Gini coefficient lower than 0.58. We argue that the star formation quenching process must lead to or be accompanied by the increasing galaxy concentration. One prominent morphological feature of this sample is that disks are commonly seen in this massive galaxy sample at 1.5 ⩽ z ⩽ 2.5: 30% of quiescent galaxies and 70% of SFGs with M* > 1011 M☉ have disks in their rest-frame optical morphologies. The prevalence of these extended, relatively undisturbed disks challenges the merging scenario as the main mode of massive galaxy formation.
The challenges of rural youth employment in Africa: a literature review

This paper provides a literature review on youth employment challenges in rural Africa. The rapidly changing demographic structure across the continent is expected to have important economic and social consequences, especially for employment. So far, despite sustained economic growth, African countries have not been successful in absorbing the fast-growing labor force, especially in the context of labor markets characterized by high levels of informality, underemployment and working poverty. As a consequence of life-cycle effects, relative to the measure of accumulated life experience; and generational effects, relative to the measure of the conditions prevailing during an individual’s formative years, young people are exposed to several constraints in the labor market, including access to resources such as skills and innovation, finance and land. These challenges call for a comprehensive policy framework with complementary supply-side and demand-side interventions. Interventions that target girls and women can have particularly strong effects on their labor market outcomes. Food systems are increasingly recognized as potential catalyst for employment creation, given their future prospects and labor-intensive nature. Farming and self-employment in the agri-food sector are the dominant categories of youth employment in rural areas of Africa, and the latter is growing especially fast, even though it remains much lower than farming in absolute terms. Despite common perceptions, food system jobs play a significant role in youth’s aspirations. Close to 25% of young Africans want to work in the food and agriculture sector, and the share is higher in some countries, close to 40% in Kenya, Liberia, Malawi and Tanzania. Accordingly, the average age of African farmers is not rising – it is also much lower than previously claimed, at 34 years of age and not 60. However, youth aspirations remain conditional on several factors that can make food system jobs attractive, including technology, investment, market opportunities, and decent earnings. Policies should prioritize interventions that will raise labor productivity in food system, along with the broader labor-market interventions.
On Gorenstein Projective and Gorenstein Flat Modules

H. Holm’s metatheorem states,“Every result in classical homological algebra has a counterpart in Gorenstein homological algebra”. We support this statement by showing over commutative Noetherian rings of finite Krull dimension, every Gorenstein flat module has finite Gorenstein projective dimension. This statement is the Gorenstein counterpart of a famous theorem of Gruson, Jensen, and Raynaud. Using this result we prove that over such rings, a module M having finite Gorenstein flat dimension is equivalent to M having finite Gorenstein projective dimension.
The effect of ten days of bed rest on metabolic and vascular insulin action. A study in individuals at risk for type 2 diabetes

Background: Physical inactivity is a known risk factor for type 2 diabetes. We studied 44 whole body and forearm insulin sensitivity in subjects at increased risk for type 2 45 diabetes (persons with low birth weight (LBW) (n=20) and first degree relatives to type 2 46 diabetic patients (FDR) (n=13)) and a control group (CON) (n=20) group wise matched 47 for BMI, age, and physical activity level before and after ten days of bed rest. 48 Methods: The subjects were studied by hyperinsulinemic isoglycemic clamp combined 49 with arterial and deep-venous catheterization of the forearm. Forearm blood flow (FBF) 50 was measured by venous occlusion plethysmography. 51 Findings: All groups responded with a decrease in whole body insulin sensitivity in 52 response to bed rest (CON: 6.8±0.5 to 4.3±0.3, (P<0.0001), LBW: 6.2±0.5 to 4.3±0.3 53 (P<0.0001) and FDR: 4.3±0.7 to 3.1±0.3 mg · min -1 · kg -1 (P=0.068)). Percent decrease 54 was significantly greater in CON compared with FDR (CON: 34±4; LBW: 27±4; FDR: 55 10±13 %). Forearm insulin-stimulated glucose clearance decreased significantly in CON 56 and LBW in response to bed rest; in FDR clearance was very low before bed rest and no 57 change was observed. Before bed rest CON and LBW demonstrated a significant increase 58 in FBF during hyperinsulinemia, after bed rest increase in FBF was observed only in 59 CON. Conclusions: Bed rest induced a pronounced reduction in whole body, skeletal muscle 61 and vascular insulin sensitivity in CON and LBW. The changes were most pronounced in 62 CON. In FDR insulin resistance was already present before bed rest, but even this group displayed a high sensitivity to changes in daily physical activity.
Bioenergy for Sustainable Local Energy Services and Energy Access in Africa

that have enabled the adoption of sustainable bioenergy. The findings are compared with Base Case examples to identify the opportunities and constraints for other enterprises in the same demand sector to adopt similar solutions. Based on this analysis, the potential and requirements for wider adoption of the Bioenergy Case in the chosen demand sector are assessed, both for the target country and for the other BSEAA2 countries.
A working model for textual Membership Query Synthesis

Membership Query Synthesis (MQS) is an active learning paradigm in which one labels generated artificial examples instead of genuine ones to extend a dataset. Despite prodigious advances in the power of generative models, an essential component of MQS, the field stays severely under-studied, especially in the textual domain. We found only one other paper, which selects examples in a latent space close to the decision boundary and shows good results on a curated dataset of short sentences. We show that this performs poorly when used on a real dataset. We propose and report better results than random selection of unlabelled genuine data with random generation of artificial data from a variational auto-encoder coupled with a simple set of filtering mechanisms. This provides an improvement of 31.1% over the previous MQS state-of-the-art on the SST-2 dataset, and of 2.7% over random active learning. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time MQS is reported to work on a textual task with no constraint on the size of the input sentences.
Agosto 2022.indb

R es um en Objective: To verify and compare the adherence, satisfaction, and experience of women in a telemonitoring program in physical therapy after breast cancer. Method: Quali-quantitative study with 10 participants, randomly allocated to synchronous and asynchronous telemonitoring groups. Adherence was assessed by the frequency of exercise performance. Satisfaction was assessed by two questions with a grade from 0 to 10, and experience, using open questions. Quantitative data were analyzed using the SPSS software and the interpretation of qualitative data through thematic analysis described by Braun and Clarke. Results: The adherence of the synchronous and asynchronous groups was 95.5% and 93.3%, respectively. The satisfaction of the synchronous group had an average of 9.8 and the asynchronous group had an average of 9.9. The experience of both groups was positively reported. Conclusion: According to this pilot study, post-breast cancer women showed a high rate of adherence, a high degree of satisfaction, and reports of positive experiences in a physical therapy telemonitoring program, both synchronous and asynchronous. Telemonitoring was a well-accepted modality among post-breast cancer treatment patients and can be performed not only during the Covid-19 pandemic but as a viable alternative for rehabilitation.
Impact of amplitude weights on power focusing for near‐field‐focused planar arrays

Near‐field‐focused (NFF) arrays have gained great interest owing to its ability to focus the electromagnetic power at a point near to the antenna. The power focusing can basically be reflected by the sidelobe level and the area of the −3‐dB focal spot at the focal plane. For an ordinary NFF array with the given phase tapering, it would be an effective way to realize the changing of focused power by controlling the feeding‐current amplitude of the array element. In this article, the effects of the amplitude weights of array element rings on the power focusing with reference to an original NFF array are investigated to address this issue. The focus is on the power focusing changing introduced by amplitude weights changing of element rings, in which different cases of amplitude weights changing are considered. The results from amplitude weights changing are compared with that from an original amplitude weights combination, and compared among those from different cases of amplitude weights changing.
A Case for Enhancing UAV Ground Control Stations with Cross Reality

Fig. 1. An example of what a cross-reality GCS experience could look like. Here a conventional GCS controlling UAVs from a remote location is run on a laptop (bottom-center) and is paired with a mixed reality headset to expand its capabilities to display extra virtual screens (upper-middle & bottom-right), UAV information panels (upper-right & upper-left), and a 3D map of the operational environment (bottom-left). Images on the laptop and virtual screens are of the VCSi GCS by Lockheed Martin [8].
From One-Dimensional to Three-Dimensional: Effect of Lateral Inhomogeneity on Tidal Gravity Derived by Analytical Expression

Lateral inhomogeneity in Earth’s mantle affects the tidal response. In this study, the analytical method for determining the effect of lateral inhomogeneity on tidal gravity, presented by Molodenskiy (1980), is introduced. Moreover, the current study reformulates the expressions for estimating the lateral inhomogeneity effects with respect to the unperturbed Earth and supplements some critical derivation process to enhance the method. The effects of lateral inhomogeneity are calculated using several real Earth models. By considering the collective contributions of seismic wave 10 velocity disturbance and density disturbance, the global theoretical changes of semidiurnal gravimetric factor are obtained, which vary from −0.22% to 0.17% compared with those in a layered Earth model, no more than 1/3 of the ellipticity’s effect. The gravity changes caused by laterally-inhomogeneous disturbance are also computed, and turn out to be up to 0.16% compared with the changes caused by tide-generating potential. The current study tests the importance of lateral inhomogeneity and other factors. The results indicate that the rotation, ellipticity, and inelasticity on tidal gravity are the 15 most dominant factors, the ocean tide loading is the moderate one, and the lateral inhomogeneity is the least but not negligible factor, because the three-dimensional effect is comparable with ocean tide loading at some locations. Moreover, the amplitude of tidal gravity caused by lateral inhomogeneity is noticeable larger than the precision of superconducting gravimeters.
Towards a Systematic Mapping of Evidence-based UX Guidelines for Room-scale User Interfaces in Extended Reality

User experience (UX) guidelines help designers with many challenges and opportunities when creating XR applications. However, guidelines that can be found from research and industry that offer insights and ideas surrounding UX for XR room-scale User Interfaces (UIs) are often opinions from experts, developers and designers. To validate experts’ stated beliefs, those guidelines should be based on concrete empirical evidence. In this paper, we present a systematic review based on an analysis of 408 peer-reviewed papers determine the state of the art of empirical evidence for guidelines for room-scale UIs. Our study shows that out of these 408 publications, only 26 were empirical studies. We found 9 studies focusing on room-scale UIs where all of these 9 publications created guidelines from an empirical study instead of using an empirical study to evaluate guidelines.