Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DETERMINANTES DA EVOLUÇÃO DA BIOTECNOLOGIA NOS ANOS 90: A COOPERAÇÃO EMPRESARIAL

The large number of agreements between biotechnology firms and among firms and universities and public research centers, is a well-known characteristic of the recent biotechnology development. Although it is not a specific feature, in biotechnology it assumes a particularly interest, because of the nature of the scientific knowledge. Besides the high risk associated to investments in new technologies, biotechnological projects demand a very large base of new and fragmentary knowledge, that cannot be developed by a single agent. This article intends to analyze the determinants of the recent biotechnology development (e.g., those related to the scientifically, institutional and economical aspects) and the cooperative strategies undertaken by firms. We discuss the perspectives of the biotechnological development in the 90s, stressing the strategic role of cooperation in R&D and in commercial aims as well
Modelo de un sistema fotovoltaico interconectado

En este articulo se presenta un modelo para predecir el comportamiento de un sistema fotovoltaico conectado a la red, el cual puede ser implementado ya sea en un software de programacion comun o en uno de simulacion de sistemas electricos comercial. El modelo desarrollado tiene en cuenta los parametros de entrada que influyen en el comportamiento del modulo fotovoltaico, como la radiacion y la temperatura ambiente; ademas, involucra las diferentes partes que componen el sistema como los modulos fotovoltaicos (con sus respectivas caracteristicas electricas y fisicas), la conexion de estos para formar el generador, y el tipo de inversor. Este modelo ha sido verificado por medio de la comparacion de su comportamiento con los resultados medidos en un sistema instalado en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia de 3,6KWp, el cual hace parte de los dos primeros prototipos de generacion fotovoltaica interconectada a la red en el pais.
Dynamic Effects Caused by the Non-Linear Behavior of Oil-Film Journal Bearings in Rotating Machines

Many common faults and malfunctions in rotating machines mainly cause synchronous vibrations (1X). Very high 1X vibration levels can occur, in case of severe faults. Large journal orbits inside oil-film journal bearings may generate non-linear effects in the oil-film forces, whose presence can be detected by means of the appearance of not negligible super-synchronous vibrations of the shafts.In this paper, a model-based method has been used to study the effects of non-linear oil-film forces on the machine dynamic behavior that may occur during runups and rundowns.In general, it is possible to suppose that the importance of the non-linear behavior of oil-film journal bearings, and then the level of the super-synchronous vibrations, increases with the amplitude of the 1X vibrations caused by the primary fault. However, the numerical results of this study and the experimental evidences found in the monitoring data of a real machine have shown that the super-synchronous harmonic components of the oil-film forces may excite resonances of the shaft-train causing unexpected amplifications of the super-synchronous vibrations. This may make difficult the recognition of the presence of non-linear effects in the machine dynamic behavior and the identification of the actual cause of abnormal vibrations.Copyright © 2012 by ASME
Analysis of free turbulent steam jet by processing of IR-images

This paper presents an IR-imaging technique to visualize a turbulent steam flow. Instantaneous, time-averaged, Gaussian-smoothed and non-linear filtered IR-images are compared. Wavelet threshold is applied to separate the coherent part of the instantaneous intensity field from the incoherent part. The averaged image has been smoothed with a non-linear filter that preserves the energy content of the thermal image better than the Gaussian low-pass filtering. High frequency wavelet components of the processed IR-images highlight the differences of the applied filtering techniques. Reconstruction the flow pattern from these components shows the directional orientation of the instantaneous and averaged flows.
Radiation hardened COTS-based 32-bit microprocessor

A high performance radiation hardened 32-bit RISC microprocessor based upon a commercial single chip CPU has been developed. This paper presents the features of this radiation hardened microprocessor, the methods used to radiation harden this device, the results of radiation testing, and shows that the RAD6000 is well-suited for the vast majority of space applications.
The effect of a whole grain diet on reducing cardiovascular risks in obese/overweight adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Overweight, hypertension, and dyslipidemia are clinically recognized as the most significant cardiovascular risk conditions. Studies have shown that whole grains are beneficial to affect glucose metabolism, obesity, blood pressure, lipids and inflammatory markers. Methods: We did a research in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and selected the study according to the eligibility criteria and data extraction. Then we evaluate the effectiveness of whole grain foods on body weight (primary outcome) and other CVD risk factor indicators, including plasma low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level, insulin resistance index, blood pressure, BMI, waist circumference (secondary outcome) in overweight/obese adults. Results: Our results showed that there are significant decrease of weight (P<0.0001, mean difference -0.5, 95% CI[-0.74, -0.25], I 2 =35%), LDL-C (P=0.05, mean difference -0.08, 95% CI[-0.16, 0.00], I 2 =27%), CRP (P<0.0001, mean difference -0.36, 95% CI[-0.54, -0.18], I 2 =69%) in whole grain group compared with control group (Fig 2-4). There are no significant difference in waist circumference (P=0.76, mean difference -0.12, 95% CI[-0.92,0.68], I 2 =44%), systolic blood pressure (P=0.88, mean difference -0.11, 95% CI[-1.55, 1.33], I 2 =3%), diastolic blood pressure (P=0.39, mean difference -0.44, 95% CI[-1.44, 0.57], I 2 =15%), fasting glucose (P=0.11, mean difference -0.05, 95% CI[-0.12, 0.01], I 2 =31%) between two groups. Conclusion: This study suggests whole grain food has only a moderate effect on reducing body weight, LDL-C and CRP in obese population, which is obviously showed in patients combined with other chronic metabolic disorders.
Uses of Residential Property Price Indices

There are many areas of society where individuals or organisations use residential property price indices (RPPIs) directly or indirectly either to influence practical decision making or to inform the formulation and conduct of economic policy. Different uses can have a significant impact on the preferred coverage of the index and also on the appropriate methodology applied for its construction.
A Linear Robust Binaural Sound Reproduction System with Optimal Source Distribution Strategy

Crosstalk cancellation system plays an important role in binaural sound playback using loudspeakers and has attracted many researchers' interest. However, limited sweet spot is still a challenge especially when the head is laterally misaligned. In this report the optimization of a linear binaural playback system is proposed, in which the optimal source distribution strategy in a linear array configuration is combined with the technique of multiple control points. The proposed method aims to find a good trade-off between the crosstalk cancellation performance and the robustness against the head misalignment. Both simulations and experiments demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method.
Enhancing Performance of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) Based On Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) In Wireless Communication System

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the multicarrier transmission techniques used in wireless communication system. It has many benefits such as robust in channel fading and has high spectral density. The main objective of OFDM implementation in wireless communication system is to achieve less or zero Bit Error Rate (BER). However, OFDM design complexity, requirement and selection of the suitable modulation method are among the current issues. Thus, this paper aims to investigate the performance of OFDM in wireless communication by developing two OFDM based system designs. The transmitter, channel and receiver are designed based on OFDM system principles. Forward Error Correction (FEC) method is applied to reduce the BER. Both OFDM designs produce less BER with zero BER for the second OFDM design. The investigation study shows that the performance of OFDM can be enhanced by applying Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) technique. Zero BER can be achieved if the suitable modulation scheme is applied in the system. The developed designs are not complex, suitable to be applied for IEEE 802.11 standard. The BER performance can be influenced by the types of channels, signal to noise ratio (SNR) and various modulation schemes. Thus, this study can be used as a guidance to implement the OFDM in the current or future wireless communication system.
Design for environment development at Motorola

Increasing market opportunities in the European Community require product lifecycle impact analysis early in the design stage. Decisions such as material selection and processing ultimately have a big impact on our environment. In this paper, we present a system for evaluating the environmental impact of product designs. This system has as its core a staged approach which matches analysis tools to appropriate stages in product design. In the first stage, when little detailed information is available about a product, matrix approaches are used. These have been pioneered by Graedel and Allenby (1994, 1995). We have adapted the matrix method to match the sphere of influence of our design team and the likelihood that change can be made. The focus is to make changes where possible while still including impacts from outside our sphere of influence. The second stage in product design starts during the design of piece parts. After considerable search for a design tool for this stage in product development, at the time no tools were available. To meet the needs of designers during this stage we developed a software system for determining an environmental score, beginning with RF shield components and continuing with other design applications. A team of engineers and researchers from across the corporation determined eight criteria to measure the shield's environmental score. The criteria are diverse (different ranges, units, and importance levels); they are often in competition with each other (improvements in one result in worsening of others); and each impacts the overall score differently. These factors are all considered in the scoring system. A decision analysis method was used to combine the eight criteria into a single metric. A Value function for each criteria was constructed based on its impact. The combination of impacts, or values, were aggregated into an overall multicriteria value function. The overall environmental score depends the current values of all criteria as well as the importance weightings for each. The weightings represent allowable tradeoffs between competing criteria. The environmental scoring software can easily be extended to evaluate the environmental impact of other mechanical design applications including housings and packaging. Work is underway to extend the system application to whole products. In the final stage of product design, prototype manufacture, traditional life cycle tools can be employed. The scoring algorithms developed in the previous tool can be used for assessment of the results of a Life Cycle Inventory. Although Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has not been performed on a Motorola product, it is expected that as LCA matures LCA studies will become more common.
Risk Analysis and Management of Petroleum Exploration Ventures

During the 1990s, many international petroleum companies improved their exploration performance significantly by using principles of risk analysis and portfolio management, in combination with new geotechnologies. While exploration risk cannot be eliminated, it can certainly be reduced substantially, on a portfolio scale. And the widespread adoption of standardized risk analysis methods during the 1990s brought badly needed discipline to petroleum exploration. By the mid-1980s, most well-informed major international petroleum firms that were engaged in exploration recognized that, globally, the average size of new discoveries was diminishing. Not coincidentally, the class of exploratory prospects categorized as “high risk/high-potential” was showing marked signs of underperformance. For major companies, when all such ventures, which averaged around a 10% perceived probability of success, were considered, less than 1% actually discovered profitable oil and gas reserves, and the sizes of these discoveries were generally far smaller than predicted. All in all, such exploration for new giant fields destroyed value, rather than creating it, in the 1980s and early 1990s. Consequently, exploration, as a corporate function, lost credibility. It badly needed to begin delivering on its corporate promises. It needed to become more efficient, and thereby more profitable. To optimize the allocation of exploration capital, concepts of portfolio management began to be considered.
Nonlinearities in a high-Q SOI Lamé-mode bulk resonator

In this paper, a detailed study of the nonlinearities in a high-Q SOI Lamé-mode bulk resonator is reported. The bulk resonator is designed to operate at 6.35 MHz with a quality factor of 1.7 million at air pressure below 100 Pa. As the vibration amplitude increases, the transmission curve of the resonator progressively bends to lower frequencies due to spring softening effects. The model parameters of the resonator are quantified based on some preliminary experimental results and verified by numerical calculation. Compared with a flexural-mode beam resonator, the Lamé-mode bulk resonator is much less susceptible to nonlinear effects and thus can store three orders of magnitude more vibration energy before frequency hysteresis occurs. Closed-loop measurement further demonstrates that the ultra-high quality factor and superior power handling capability enable the Lamé-mode based oscillator to achieve 42 dB lower phase noise than the flexural-mode one at 10 Hz offset from the carrier frequency.
Applying a layered control architecture to a free-flying space camera

Describes a prototype robot for space applications. The robot is the first generation of a free-flying robotic camera that will assist astronauts in constructing and maintaining the space station. The goal of the robot is to provide remote views to astronauts and ground controllers. The robot can autonomously move to locations on an air bearing table, can track targets and can plan paths. The robot contains a large collection of different technologies and this paper concentrates on a layered control architecture that integrates all robot functions.
Estimation of motion using motion blur for tracking vision system

In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm for the optical flow estimation of a moving object by using the motion blur in a scene. The proposed technique is applied to the visual tracking system for the object moving on the 2D plane that is perpendicular to the axis of lens of a camera. To estimate the motion parameters, we use the motion blur, which has been treated as noises under the conventional method. And we use the feature of motion blur in the frequency domain. The first step is the estimation of orientation of motion, which is achieved by computing the log power spectrum of a local image patch, and operating the coordinate transformation. The second step is the estimation of velocity by using the cepstral analysis. It is achieved by detecting the period of sine function relating to the length of motion blur. In order to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed algorithm, we investigate the accuracy of the estimated optical flow with artificial blurred images and real images. And we apply the proposed algorithm to the tracking vision system, which consists of a camera performing the pan motion, a video processing board, and a standard PC. Through some experiments, we show that the proposed technique is advantageous to the high-speed-tracking system.
Isothermal and anisothermal implementations of 2D shape memory alloy modeling for transient impact response calculation

A numerical implementation of the Raniecki Lexcellent (RL) (Raniecki et al 1992 Arc. Mech. 44 261–284, Raniecki and Lexcellent 1994 Eur. J. Mech. A 13 21–50, Raniecki and Lexcellent 1998 Eur. J. Mech. A 17 185–205) models for shape memory alloys (SMA) coupled with the heat equation is presented in this paper, adapted to high strain rate loading. The objective is to predict the time response of a 2D SMA structure subjected to an impulse force and induced free vibration with a decreasing amplitude for isothermal and anisothermal conditions. The choice of material mechanical properties has been done in order to have phase transformations during the oscillations. The apparent damping and stiffness effects due to these phase changes is clearly identified when the results are compared with a linear model without induced martensite. The thermomechanical constitutive relation of the SMA has been fulfilled to be able to take into account the time reaction when the strain rate is very high. The full model has been implemented in a finite element code and tested on a 2D sample.
Pleural effusion as the initial manifestation of metastatic melanoma: a case report and literature review

Background: Malignant melanoma (MM) is a highly invasive form of skin cancer with poor prognosis. Pleural metastatic melanoma is rare, with only a few reported cases.Case presentation: A 47-year-old woman with a medical history of right heel melanoma was diagnosed with left-sided pleural effusion, with pleural thickening and calcified mediastinal lymph nodes, using chest computed tomography (CT). A video-assisted thoracoscopic biopsy was performed which revealed numerous pink lumps arising from the parietal pleura and viscera along the diaphragmatic surface. The pathological diagnosis was pleural metastatic melanoma and the tumor cells were immunocytochemically positive for S100, SOX10, and Melan-A.Conclusions: The clinical manifestations of metastatic pleural melanoma are nonspecific. Pleural effusion cytology combined with thoracoscopy is an effective diagnostic method. The presence of melanocytes has improved the diagnosis of this condition.
VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT AS AIDS IN PERSUADING USERS IN LEARNING PROCESS

With the advent of computing technologies, a plethora of computer applications were developed to solve simple to complex human and organization problems. Computer applications cover variety of fields and have been known to be powerful tools in changing person‘s attitudes, behaviours, feelings and actions. This paper investigates the use of virtual environment technology as aids in persuading users in learning process. It explains the concept of persuasive and virtual environment technologies and the integration of both technologies in persuading learners to learn. It elaborates on the design of persuasion and explains the benefits of integrating persuasive and virtual environment technologies in the learning process. Finally, it gives an overview of a proposed approach in utilizing virtual environment as aids in persuasive design for learning.
FIR Cherenkov-type difference frequency generation in a nonlinear optical waveguide

The far-infrared Cherenkov-type difference frequency generation (CDFG) in a planar optical waveguide is analyzed theoretically. The general expression for the CDFG angular distribution is given. The novel doubly resonant cavity is proposed. The CDFG efficiency enhancement due to resonant both at the optical and FIR frequencies is estimated to be a factor a few thousands.
Numerical Assessment of Rectangular Side Inlet/Outlet Plenums Internally Equipped with Two Crossed Baffles Using an FEM, Neural Network, and GA Method

In this paper, a rectangular plenum internally equipped with two crossed baffles within a fixed space is assessed. To simplify the optimization process, a simplified objective function (OBJ) is constructed using the finite element model (FEM) in conjunction with the polynomial neural network model (ANNM). To assess an optimal plenum, the best OBJ will be numerically searched using a genetic algorithm (GA). Before the GA operation is performed, the accuracy of the FEM is verified using the analytical data. In addition, a case study of shape optimization on a space-constrained plenum at three targeted tones (1950 Hz, 2450 Hz, and 2850 Hz) has been introduced and carried out. The results reveal that the maximum value of the sound transmission loss (STL) can be accurately obtained at the desired frequencies. Consequently, the algorithm proposed in this study provides an efficient way to develop optimal rectangular plenums internally equipped with two crossed baffles.
Design of a Monitoring System for an Indoor Environment Based on the ZigBee Network

In this paper, we design a monitoring system for an indoor environment based on the ZigBee network. This system is mainly composed of sensor nodes, a base radio, a base station, and their software. The system can measure a variety of environment parameters, such as the temperature, the humidity, the air velocity, sound, the bubble globe temperature, volatile organic compounds, the carbon dioxide concentration, and the air quality level. A high level of accuracy, quick sensitivity, wide monitoring range, and simple and flexible networking structure are some of the features of this system that make its use promising for monitoring the indoor environment.
Development and application of an improved equivalent circuit model of a lead acid battery

Over the past several years, there has been increasing pressure put on automobile manufactures to limit their vehicle's emissions. In fact, California has passed a measure requiring an increasing fraction of new vehicles to have zero emissions starting 1997. Many other states have been following their example. The only known way to have no emissions is with an electric powered vehicle. This paper describes how much research has been spent in determining the behavior of an electric powered vehicle's Pb-acid secondary battery when subjected to normal conditions through the use of an improved equivalent circuit model.