Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vafamehr, Hassan and Cairns, Alasdair and Sampson, Ojon and Mohammadmohsen Moslemin, Koupaie (2016) The competing chemical and physical effects of transient fuel enrichment on heavy knock in an optical spark ignition engine. Applied Energy, 179 . pp. 687-697.

The work was concerned with improving understanding of the chemical and physical trade-offs when employing transient over-fuelling to control auto-ignition in gasoline spark ignition engines under knock intensities not usually tolerated in optical engines. The single cylinder engine used included full bore overhead optical access capable of withstanding unusually high in-cylinder pressures. Heavy knock was deliberately induced by adopting inlet air heating and a primary reference fuel blend of reduced octane rating. High-speed chemiluminescence imaging and simultaneous in-cylinder pressure data measurement were used to evaluate the combustion events. Under normal operation the engine was operated under port fuel injection with a stoichiometric air-fuel mixture. Multiple centred auto-ignition events were regularly observed, with knock intensities of up to ~30bar. Additional excess fuel was then introduced directly into the end-gas in short transient bursts. As the mass of excess fuel was progressively increased a trade-off was apparent, with knock intensity first increasing by up to 65% before lower unburned gas temperatures suppressed knock under extremely rich conditions. This trade-off is not usually observed during conventional low intensity knock suppression via over-fuelling and has been associated with the competing effects of reducing auto-ignition delay time and charge cooling/ratio of specific heats. Overall, the results demonstrate the risks in employing excess fuel to suppress knock deep within a heavy knocking combustion regime (potentially including a Super-Knock regime).
Gateways-ND: Advancing Learner-Focused Instruction to Catalyze STEM Student Success

Paul Kelter’s 38-year career has focused on the integration and transfer of knowledge among students and teachers at all educational levels. He was the inaugural director of the Science Outreach Office at the University of Wisconsin – Oshkosh in the late 1980’s through early 1990’s. Many of the programs he instituted via external funding are still part of that office. He was the co-PI on the successful, long-term Operation Chemistry literacy program for all levels of teachers, and parlayed that national program into grant-funded summer and year-round workshops in Wisconsin, Nebraska, and North Carolina over a 15year period. During his 7-year tenure at Northern Illinois University (NIU), Kelter worked extensively with middle school teachers in high-Latino population communities in the service of science education. He has been at the forefront of science literacy for postsecondary students via three major chemistry textbooks, aimed at the first-year chemistry audience, as well as a book on the international impact of chemistry and learning. Kelter has won two dozen campus, state, and national awards in education, including career-long designations at distinguished teacher at the Universities of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, Nebraska, and Illinois. He was Board of Trustees professor at Northern Illinois University, the highest professorship available at that university. He began present position as the inaugural director of the Office of Teaching and Learning at North Dakota State University in June 2014. His current interest is advocating for literacy in sustainable development among students and teachers.
Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction Intervention on College Students

Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) was used as a pilot study that focused on young female adults in the age group of 18-22 years. Sample size of this study was 40 female college students. Out of which 20 were in experimental group and the other 20 as control group. Screening of the subjects was done using Demographic Questionnaire. The study will measure the effect of MBSR intervention of 8-weeks on individual to be more mindful and its effect on its attention and perception of stress using the task stroop, change detection and KIMS and perceived stress scale.
Measurements of 2H and lSO in body water: analytical considerations and physiological implications

Measurement of energy expenditure with doubly-labelled water and of body composition and breast milk output with 2H or lS0 requires accurate and precise techniques for measuring isotopic enrichments. The possibility of an inaccuracy in measurements of 2H and '*O isotopic enrichment arising from the matrix in biological fluids was investigated (1) by simulating a dilution experiment in both water and urine samples and (2) by reconstituting urine samples, ranging from 10 to 60 g/kg in solid concentration, from freeze-dried urinary solids mixed with either natural abundance or doubly-labelled water. Current techniques involved in measuring *H and lSO isotopic enrichments were used (reduction of the samples to H2 gas with either Zn or U, and CO,/%O equilibration or direct measurement of mass 20: 18 ratios on water vapour for l80 analysis). All four methods accurately measured serial dilutions in both urine and water. Dilution space calculated from isotopic enrichments, compared with the water content of urine (determined by freeze-drying and accounting for exchangeable isotopes) was overestimated by about 2.4 % by the Zn technique whereas other methods were accurate. The urinary solids content of a water solution was related to that inaccuracy. The use of the Zn technique with biological samples is likely to create biases in 2H distribution space. Examination of recent literature supports this view. Caution should therefore be used when physiological conclusions have to be made from the relative size of 2H and "0 distribution spaces.
Targets and Therapy The clinical utility of aflibercept for diabetic macular edema

: The treatment of center-involving diabetic macular edema (DME) has improved because of the proven efficacy of drugs that inhibit the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The newest anti-VEGF drug, aflibercept, has recently been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of center-involving DME and for diabetic retinopathy in eyes with DME. In the pivotal Phase III VISTA and VIVID trials, intravitreal aflibercept 2 mg injections every 4 or 8 weeks (after 5 monthly loading doses) produced superior gains in BCVA compared to laser/sham injections. In the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network Protocol T trial, which featured monthly anti-VEGF monotherapy for 6 months, followed by monthly pro re nata anti-VEGF injections with laser rescue therapy from months 6 through 12, aflibercept 2 mg monthly was superior to bevacizumab 1.25 mg and ranibizumab 0.5 mg in eyes with BCVA of 20/50 or worse (aflibercept versus bevacizumab: P , 0.001; aflibercept versus ranibizumab: P = 0.003), but the three regimens were comparable for eyes with VA of 20/40 or better. Only in the 20/50 or worse subgroup did aflibercept achieve clinical superiority ( . 5 letter difference) to bevacizumab. Each treatment regimen led to significant macular thinning, with aflibercept being superior to bevacizumab in both visual acuity subgroups ( P , 0.001 for each), but it was not statistically superior to ranibizumab in either group. In diabetic patients, aflibercept has an excellent safety profile that does not appear to differ from laser/sham or other VEGF inhibitory drugs.
Preparation, characterization and biological studies of metal(II) complexes derived from a Schiff’s base 5-(2-phenyldiazenyl)-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde

Metal(II) complexes have been synthesized with Schiff base derived from condensation of benzofuran-2-carbohydrazide and (5-(2-phenyldiazenyl)-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde. Ligand and complexes have been characterized by analytical data, IR, Electronic, Mass, 1 HNMR, ESR spectral data, magnetic susceptibility and molar conductance. The elemental analysis of the complexes confirm the stoichiometry of the type ML 2 where, M=Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and MLCl where M=Zn(II) Cd(II), Hg(II) and L= Schiff base. The Schiff base and its metal complexes have been tested for their antimicrobial activity by MIC method, antioxidant activity by DPPH and DNA Cleavage studies.
Towards Identifying the Best New Connection in a Spatial Network: Optimising the Performance of Hole Discovery

— Networks are used to represent phenomena such that we can measure their structure. Spatial networks are a special class of networks that reflect the embedding space within which the network is contained, incorporating the property of spatial autocorrelation and its impact on network measures. These measures of spatial network structure have thus far largely focused on the structure of the network, as opposed to the absence of that structure. This paper builds on past work in identifying an aspect of the absence of structure, that of identifying holes or chordless cycles in a network. It is the first step in identifying the best new connection to make in the network, identifying where the absence of structure is having the most significant impact. This paper presents the implementation of optimisations in discovering network holes.
Design and Implementation of Full Bridge Non-isolated DC-DC Bidirectional Converter Using Fuzzy logic

With ever increasing benefits of non-renewable energy sources, the importance of energy storage system is increasing consistently. Power electronics converters are usually used to convert the power from renewable sources to match the load demand and grid requirements to improve dynamic and steady state characteristics of these green generation systems. Therefore, there is growing importance in bidirectional DC to DC converters for interface battery with energy sources. As DC to DC bidirectional converters can transfer the power between two DC sources in either direction, these converters are widely used in renewable energy hybrid power systems. Efficiency, economy and high conversion ratio are the some challenges in the development of DC to DC converters. For the low voltage range, non-isolated DC to DC converters are suitable also; they are fit for DC micro grid voltage levels.
Formulating User Requirements for Designing Collaborative Robots

— This paper is concerned with a methodology for gathering user requirements (URs) to inform a later design process of industrial collaborative robots. The methodology is applied to four use cases from CoLLaboratE, which is a European project focusing on how industrial robots learn to cooperate with human workers in performing new manufacturing tasks. The project follows a User-Centered Design (UCD) approach by involving end-users in the development process. The user requirements (URs) are gathered using a mixed methodology, with the purpose of formulating a list of case specific requirements, which can be also generalized. The results presented in this paper consist of the list of user requirements, which will serve as a basis in establishing scenarios and system requirements for later design of a Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC) system. The described methodology contributes to the field of design of HRC systems by taking a UCD approach. The methodology is aimed at improving the solution performance and users’ acceptance of the technology, by early involvement of the users in the design process. It can also be adaptable to other development projects, where users play an essential role in creating Human-Robot Collaboration solutions.
An experimental study on combining automated and stochastic test data generation

Test data plays an important role in improving the quality and effectiveness of test cases and automatic generation of meaningful test data saves a lot of human effort. There are several automatic test data generation approaches; stochastic test data generation is one of them. To investigate the benefits and challenges of using a stochastic test data generation technique, this study presents JuliaTest, an automatic test data generation tool integrating stochastic test data generation framework with the unit testing framework JUnit5. Using JuliaTest two empirical studies were conducted on open-source projects to compare different automatic test generation techniques and to investigate the behavior of JuliaTest in different settings (e.g., varied number of data generated, different generators used). Performed experiments of limited scope showed promising results indicating test data generated by stochastic technique is able to provide better mutation coverage and detect more faults when compared to other existing alternatives. These experiments aims at being used as a baseline for future work with broader scope and setup. Moreover, the study discusses different design choices made during the implementation of the tool. Finally, a number of future research concepts are discussed to open the door for researchers interested in this field. keywords: Test automation, Automatic test data generation, Stochastic test data generation, GödelTest
PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF QUERCETIN ON CISPLATIN-INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY IN RATS ..71 Bojan Zlatković, Stefan Bogosavljević TAXONOMIC AND PHARMACOLOGICAL VALORIZATION OF THE MEDICINAL FLORA IN SVRLJIŠKI TIMOK GORGE

Acute pancreatitis is a common condition with alcohol and gallstones being the most frequent etiologies. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of hyperlipidemia, its etiopathogenetic role and influence on outcomes in patients with acute pancreatitis.The study included 47 patients admitted to our clinic for acute pancreatitis during one year period. On admission patients with hyperlipidemia were compared to those without it, regarding following parameters: body mass index, Glasgow score, organ failure occurrence, local complications occurrence (pancreatic necrosis, pseudocyst, abscess, jaundice, gastric outlet syndrome), intensive care unit stay and death. The results of the study revealed high incidence of hyperlipidemia in 51% of examined acute pancreatitis patients with the prevalence of severe forms in more than half of these patients. Dominant lipid disorder was hypertriglyceridemia, followed by hypercholesterolemia. It was clearly demonstrated that patients with hyperlipidemia, especially hypertriglyceridemia, had more severe acute pancreatitis, higher incidence of complications and poorer outcome compared to normolipemic patients. Hyperlipidemia in patients with acute pancreatitis should be considered and treated by a clinician as a separate serious problem, both when being a cause and a concomitant disorder. Hypolipidemic therapy should be administered both in urgent acute pancreatitis settings and as a long-term treatment aimed to prevent inflammation recurrence by successful persistent serum lipid levels control.
Anaerobic Accumulation of -y-Aminobutyric Acid and Alanine in Radish Leaves (Raphanus sativus L.)

In leaves, the anaerobic accumulation of alanine was accompanied by a loss of aspartate, and these changes preceded -y-aminobutyrate accumulation and glutamate loss. Changes in keto acid content did not appear to be the cause of amino acid changes. Accumulation of y-aminobutyrate was due to acceleration of glutamate decarboxylation and arrest of -y-aminobutyr-ate transamination. Changes in enzyme content did not explain the changes in reaction rates in vivo. Most of the aspartate may be converted anaerobically to alanine via oxalacetate and pyruvate.
Cellular organization by self-organization: mechanisms and models for Min protein dynamics

We use the oscillating Min proteins of Escherichia coli as a prototype system to illustrate the current state and potential of modeling protein dynamics in space and time. We demonstrate how a theoretical approach has led to striking new insights into the mechanisms of self-organization in bacterial cells and indicate how these ideas may be applicable to more complex structure formation in eukaryotic cells.
A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Master Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics HOW TO INCREASE LOYALTY RATE OF OFFICE LINK

Throughout times, the trading business has been evolving greatly and has had a rising tendency concerning competitiveness. This phenomenon has been quite highlighted by the emergence and the growth of the e-commerce. This study is focused on the electronic commerce, and its major goal is to understand which is the best company’s differentiation strategy by identifying which are the main influence factors of the consumers choice that lead to a full customer satisfaction and loyalty. After the review of the literature, side by side with a survey and a data analysis, this study provides a theory that puts to light which are the principal factors that lead to an increase of loyalty.
Induced Chronic Atopic Dermatitis - TRPA1-Dependent Pruritus in IL-13

Chronic debilitating pruritus is a cardinal feature of atopic dermatitis (AD). Little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Antihistamines lack efﬁcacy in treating itch in AD, suggesting the existence of histamine-independent itch pathways in AD. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is essential in the signaling pathways that promote histamine-independent itch. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that TRPA1-dependent neural pathways play a key role in chronic itch in AD using an IL-13– transgenic mouse model of AD. In these mice, IL-13 causes chronic AD characterized by intensive chronic itch associated with markedly enhanced growth of dermal neuropeptide-secreting afferent nerve ﬁbers and enhanced expression of TRPA1 in dermal sensory nerve ﬁbers, their dorsal root ganglia, and mast cells. Inhibition of TRPA1 with a speciﬁc antagonist in these mice selectively attenuated itch-evoked scratching. Genetic deletion of mast cells in these mice led to signiﬁcantly diminished itch-scratching behaviors and reduced TRPA1 expression in dermal neuropeptide containing afferents in the AD skin. Interestingly, IL-13 strongly stimulates TRPA1 expression, which is functional in calcium mobilization in mast cells. In accordance with these observations in the AD mice, TRPA1 expression was highly enhanced in the dermal afferent nerves, mast cells, and the epidermis in the lesional skin biopsies from patients with AD, but not in the skin from healthy subjects. These studies demonstrate a novel neural mechanism underlying chronic itch in AD and highlight the complex interactions among TRPA1 + dermal afferent nerves and TRPA1 + mast cells in a Th2-dominated inﬂammatory environment. The Journal of Immunology , 2013, 191: 000–000.
DiversityAllows Maintenance of Maximal Repertoire Thresholds Rather Than Complete Deletion T Cell Tolerance Based on Avidity

Given the ﬂexible nature of TCR speciﬁcity, deletion or permanent disabling of all T cells with the capacity to recognize self peptides would severely limit the diversity of the repertoire and the capacity to recognize foreign Ags. To address this, we have investigated the patterns of CD8 1 CTL reactivity to a naturally H-2K b -presented self peptide derived from the elongation factor 1 a (EF1 a ). EF1 a occurs as two differentially expressed isoforms differing at one position of the relevant peptide. Low avidity CTLs could be raised against both variants of the EF1 a peptide. These CTLs required 100-fold more peptide-H-2K b complexes on the target cell compared with CTLs against a viral peptide, and did not recognize the naturally expressed levels of EF1 a peptides. Thus, low avidity T cells speciﬁc for these self peptides escape tolerance by deletion, despite expression of both EF1 a isoforms in dendritic cells known to mediate negative selection in the thymus. The low avidity in CTL recognition of these peptides correlated with low TCR afﬁnity. However, self peptide-speciﬁc CTLs expressed elevated levels of CD8. Furthermore, CTLs generated against altered self peptide variants displayed intermediate avidity, indicating cross-reactivity in induction of tolerance. We interpret these data, together with results previously published by others, in an avidity pit model based on avidity thresholds for maintenance of both maximal diversity and optimal self tolerance in the CD8 1 T cell repertoire. The Journal of Immunology, 2000, 165: 25–33.
Booking Processes in Autonomous Carsharing and Taxi Systems

With the introduction of autonomous vehicles, ride-hailing, taxi, and carsharing might all become on-demand door-to-door mobility services. We assume that the carsharing mode will develop into a system with more flexibility for users while ride-hailing and taxi will focus on the efficiency of the system. The flexibility of the autonomous carsharing system can present itself in multiple ways, e.g. the option to drive manually, withhold the information of the final stop, freely choosing routes and stops, or reserving a vehicle for an unspecified amount of time. The more efficient autonomous taxi system requires user requests to contain the information of the destination and the operator has full control over the vehicles. We discuss some implications (vehicle-search and assignment, scaling, ridepooling and relocations) of the different systems qualitatively and show a numerical study of a small and large scale scenario reflecting the efficiency advantage of the autonomous taxi system.
Intensive Communication by Health Professionals Added to Web-Based Telemedicine Does Not Improve PAP Adherence in OSA Patients

Background: Although web-based telemedicine (WBT) in association with intensive communication by health professionals has been demonstrated to improve PAP adherence in OSA patients, there has been no study aimed at differentiating the impact of communication by health professionals on PAP adherence from that of WBT alone. The purpose of this study is to estimate the significance of communication by a health professional on PAP-associated variables under conditions in which OSA patients were treated with PAP equipped with a modem allowing intensive WBT monitoring. Design: A single-center, randomized trial. Patients: Newly-diagnosed adult patients (more than 20 years old) with moderate-to-severe OSA (n=70), who were fresh for PAP use. Interventions: The patients were randomized into P1group (n=34) and P2group (n=36). The P1group measurements were focused on evaluating the supplementary effect of communication by a health professional as an adjunct to WBT monitoring on PAP-related variables. The P2 group was designed to measure the withdrawal effect of a health professional from WBT monitoring. Observation periods: 6 months. Primary outcome: PAP adherence based on an average of the total time of PAP use and an average percentage of days in which PAP is used over four hours at night. Secondary outcomes: PAP-related physiological variables including air leakage and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). Results: WBT alone substantially improved PAP adherence. Neither the addition nor the withdrawal of communication by a health professional modified PAP adherence. Irrespective of the study protocols, air leakage was reduced in a time-dependent manner. Conclusion: The crucial factor for improving PAP adherence is the introduction of web-based telemedicine, whereas the addition of a health professional’s contribution might have little effect on PAP adherence so far as the web-based telemedicine monitoring is already or simultaneously applied.