Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Actin cytoskeleton regulates pollen tube growth and tropism

La fertilisation chez les plantes depend de la livraison des cellules spermatiques contenues dans le pollen a l’ovule. Au contact du stigmate, le grain de pollen s’hydrate et forme une protuberance, le tube pollinique, charge de livrer les noyaux spermatiques a l’ovule. Le tube pollinique est une cellule a croissance rapide, anisotrope et non autotrophe; ainsi tout au long de sa croissance a travers l’apoplaste du tissu pistillaire, le tube pollinique puise ses sources de carbohydrates et de mineraux du pistil. Ces elements servent a la synthese des constituants de la paroi qui seront achemines par des vesicules de secretion jusqu’a l’apex du tube. Ce dernier doit aussi resister a des pressions mecaniques pour maintenir sa forme cylindrique et doit repondre a differents signaux directionnels pour pouvoir atteindre l’ovule. Mon projet de doctorat etait de comprendre le role du cytosquelette dans la croissance anisotrope du tube pollinique et d’identifier les elements responsables de sa croissance et de son guidage. Le cytosquelette du tube pollinique est compose des microfilaments d’actine et des microtubules. Pour assurer une bonne croissance des tubes polliniques in vitro, les carbohydrates et les elements de croissance doivent etre ajoutes au milieu a des concentrations bien specifiques. J’ai donc optimise les conditions de croissance du pollen d’Arabidopsis thaliana et de Camellia japonica qui ont ete utilises avec le pollen de Lilium longiflorum comme modeles pour mes experiences. J’ai developpe une methode rapide et efficace de fixation et de marquage du tube pollinique basee sur la technologie des microondes. J’ai aussi utilise des outils pharmacologiques, mecaniques et moleculaires couples a differentes techniques de microscopie pour comprendre le role du cytosquelette d’actine lors de la croissance et le tropisme du tube pollinique. J’ai trouve que le cytosquelette d’actine et plus precisement l’anneau d’actine localise dans la partie sub-apicale du tube est fortement implique dans la croissance et le maintien de l’architecture du tube a travers le controle de la livraison des vesicules de secretion. J’ai construit une chambre galvanotropique qui peut etre montee sur un microscope inverse et qui sert a envoyer des signaux tropistiques bien precis a des tubes polliniques en croissance. J’ai trouve que les filaments d’actine sont impliques dans la capacite du tube pollinique a changer de direction. Ce comportement tropistique depend de la concentration du calcium dans le milieu de croissance et du flux de calcium a travers des canaux calciques. Le gradient de calcium etabli dans le tube pollinique affecte l’activite de certaines proteines qui se lient a l’actine et dont le role est la reorganisation des filaments d’actine. Parmi ces proteines, il y a celles de depolymerisation de l’actine (ADF) dont deux specifiquement exprimees dans le gametophyte mâle d’Arabidopsis (ADF7 et ADF10). Par marquage avec des proteins fluorescents, j’ai trouve que l’ADF7 et l’ADF10 ont des expressions differentielles pendant la…
Frequency Plateaus in a Chain of Weakly Coupled Oscillators, I.

A chain of $n + 1$ weakly coupled oscillators with a linear gradient in natural frequencies is shown to exhibit “frequency plateaus,” or sequences of oscillators having the same frequency, with a jump in frequency from one plateau to another. We first show that the equations for the coupled oscillators admit an invariant $(n + 1)$-torus on which the equations have a special form, one in which an n-dimensional subsystem is approximately invariant. We then show that when the linear gradient becomes too steep to allow phaselocking, there emerges a large-scale invariant circle in this n-dimensional system which corresponds to the existence of a pair of plateaus, and whose homotopy class within the n-torus corresponds to the position of the frequency jump. Also discussed are the effects of anisotropic and nonuniform coupling.
Pair annihilation in superstrong magnetic fields

In the presence of superstrong external magnetic fields, electron-positron pairs may annihilate into single photons with energy E/sub . gamma. />2mc/sup 2/, as well as the two or more photons normally allowed in free space. Even the normal annihilation modes are significantly affected by the ability of the rigid field lines to absorb the transverse momentum in particle interactions. In particular, for 2.gamma. annihilation a rest, the familiar 511 keV line spectrum is broadened to an extent which is quite sensitive to the field strength and angle of emission. As B is increased beyond 10/sup 13/ gauss, the 2.gamma. spectrum is eventually distorted and shifted into the range mc/sup 2/
Childhood Trauma as a Risk Factor for High Risk Behaviors in Adolescents with Borderline Personality Disorder

Objective: Childhood trauma is associated with many major short-term and lifelong consequences, such as deterioration of mental health, higher frequency of affective dysregulation, changes in consciousness and attention, personality disorders, etc. Therefore, this study aims to examine childhood trauma as a possible factor in the incidence of high risk behaviors in adolescents with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Method : 120 individuals aged 12-18 years were selected based on purposive sampling and included in the research group (including 60 BPD adolescents and 60 non-BPD adolescents). After receiving ethical approval from official institutions, data was collected from the participants through demographic, childhood trauma, sexual addiction screening, eating attitudes, RAFFT, and suicidal behavior questionnaires. The collected data was analyzed using chi-square test, independent t-test, prevalence, odds ratio and correlation analyses using the SPSS V21.0 software. Results: All adolescents with BPD had experienced some forms of psychotraumatic events in childhood. The BPD group experienced more traumatic events than the non-BPD group (P < 0.05). After controlling for gender, age and years of education, all differences remained significant. Furthermore, statistically significant correlations were found between the scores of the emotional abuse and eating disorders scales in the group of girls with BPD (r = 0.788, P < 0.01). Moderate correlations were discovered between emotional abuse and suicidal behaviors in boys with BPD (r = 0.641, P < 0.01). Moreover, it was found that the most significant factors in the formation of addictive behaviors among adolescents with BPD were emotional abuse (r = 0.527) and emotional neglect (r = 0.513, P < 0.05). Conclusion: These findings reinforce the role of childhood trauma in the formation of BPD symptoms during adolescence. Successful detection of the earliest risk factors in the form of childhood trauma and its different forms can provide specific high risk behavior targets for early intervention.
Design and application of a customizable relational DataBase to assess clinicopathological correlations and concomitant pathology in neurodegenerative diseases

The diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases is made complex by the heterogenous phenotype of the patients and the regular occurrence of concomitant pathology. Studying clinicopathological correlations in autopsy series is a central approach to improve pathological prediction in clinical practice. However, such method requires a wealth of information, and the use of standard spreadsheet software is hardly suitable. To overcome this constraint, we designed a customizable and freely available neuropathology form with 456 data entry fields driven by an open‐source DataBase Management Systems (DBMS) using Structured Query Language (SQL). This approach allowed us to optimize the compilation of clinical and pathological data from our brain collection (264 autopsied patients, 22,885 data points). Information was then easily retrieved using general and specific queries, facilitating the analysis of demographics, clinicopathological correlations, and incidental and concomitant proteinopathies. Tau, amyloid‐β and α‐synuclein incidental pathology was observed in respectively 78.1%, 42.8%, and 10.7% of all the patients. These proportions increased with age, reaching 100% for Tau pathology after 80. Concomitant proteinopathy was observed in 46.4% of the patients diagnosed with neurodegenerative diseases and prion disease. We observed a particularly high rate of co‐pathology in patients with Dementia with Lewy bodies (81.3% of associated Tau and amyloid‐β pathology) and Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (68.4% of associated Tau pathology). Finally, we used specific queries to identify old cases that could meet newly defined neuropathological criteria and revised the diagnosis of a 90‐year‐old patient to LATE Stage 2. Increasing our understanding of clinicopathological correlations in neurodegenerative diseases is crucial given the implications in clinical diagnosis, biomarker identification and targeted therapies assessment. The precise characterization of clinical and pathological data of autopsy series remains a central approach but the large amount of generated data should encourage a more systematic use of DBMS.
Recent satellite measurements of the morphology and dynamics of the plasmasphere

The very low energy thermal plasma (∼1 eV or several thousand degrees Kelvin) is often overlooked in reviews of magnetospheric plasma populations, usually as a result of energy considerations in which thermal particles are believed unimportant. In reality this cold plasma, which surrounds the earth in a region known as the plasmasphere, has an important direct influence on the characteristics of the ionospheric F region and on the location of regions of plasma turbulence in the magnetosphere, and it is an excellent indirect measure of the intensity of magnetospheric convection. The characteristic morphology and dynamics of the plasmasphere vary with local time and with geomagnetic conditions. On the nightside the plasmapause position changes predictably with changing magnetic activity. Once established at a specific L-shell value, the steep density gradient on the nightside corotates into the dayside, where filling from the ionosphere takes place. In the duskside bulge region the characteristic density profile inside the plasmapause displays a smooth decrease proportional to 1/R4, where R is radial distance. Plasmasphere morphology and dynamics can be understood in terms of a time-varying convection electric-field model of the magnetosphere that includes the bulge region as part of the main circulation pattern of the plasmasphere.
Current-Voltage Characteristics of Dielectric Films

The current‐voltage characteristic of insulating films is usually regarded as being due to quantum‐mechanical tunneling for very thin films, and as being space‐charge‐limited for thicker films. Using an electronic model of a dielectric which was first introduced to explain dielectric breakdown, the current‐voltage characteristic is derived taking explicit account of field emission from the cathode and space‐charge buildup in the body of the dielectric. The characteristic is non‐Ohmic and dependent on thickness and temperature.
Detecting translations of the same text and data with common source

Compression based similarity distances have the main drawback of needing the same coding scheme for the objects to be compared. In some situations, there exists significant similarity with no literal shared information: text translations, different coding schemes, etc. To overcome this problem, we present a similarity measure that compares the redundancy structure of the data extracted by means of a Lempel–Ziv compression scheme. Each text is represented as a graph in which vertices are text positions and edges represent shared information; with our measure, two texts are similar if they have the same referential topology when compressed. In this paper we give empirical evidence and a phenomenological explanation that this new measure is a robust indicator, detecting similarity between data coded in different languages. We also regard a textual data without any structure, but with a common source, and find that we can detect such data and distinguish this situation from the previous one.
IGBT Junction Temperature Estimation Using a Dynamic TSEP Independent of Wire Bonding Faults

Despite that many temperature-sensitive electrical parameters (TSEPs) have been discovered for the online estimation of the junction temperature of IGBT devices, their wide adoption in the field is yet to come. This is because they are most susceptible to both the aging status and operating points of IGBTs, which can result in inaccurate results if not attended. In this study, a novel dynamic TSEP, the gate voltage undershoot VGE(np) of the complementary IGBT switch, is proposed. It is based on the crosstalk effect and measured during the turn-off switching transition of the controlled IGBT switch for its temperature estimation. Its monotonic temperature dependence has been identified with implications for the changing load current and bus voltage, which are experimentally verified using a 1200 V/450 A IGBT module. The theoretical analysis and experimental results also show that VGE(np) is independent of bond wire failures while providing comparatively high relative sensitivity. The MMC power equivalent experimental results are given to verify the feasibility of the proposed method in commercial engineering applications. Finally, the multivariate linear regression method is used to improve the ability to estimate the IGBT's temperature by accounting for the operating point.
Novel device to collect deep‐sea porewater in situ: A focus on benthic carbonate chemistry

We have designed, built, tested, and deployed a novel device to extract porewater from deep‐sea sediments in situ, constructed to work with a standard multicorer. Despite the importance of porewater measurements for numerous applications, many sampling artifacts can bias data and interpretation during traditional porewater processing from shipboard‐processed cores. A well‐documented artifact occurs in deep‐sea porewater when carbonate precipitates during core recovery as a function of temperature and pressure changes, while porewater is in contact with sediment grains before filtration, thereby lowering porewater alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). Here, we present a novel device built to obviate these sampling artifacts by filtering porewater in situ on the seafloor, with a focus near the sediment–water interface on cm‐scale resolution, to obtain accurate porewater profiles. We document 1–10% alkalinity loss in shipboard‐processed sediment cores compared to porewater filtered in situ, at depths of 1600–3200 m. We also show that alkalinity loss is a function of both weight % sedimentary CaCO3 and water column depth. The average ratio of alkalinity loss to DIC loss in shipboard‐processed sediment cores relative to in situ porewater is 2.2, consistent with the signal expected from carbonate precipitation. In addition to collecting porewater for defining natural profiles, we also conducted the first in situ dissolution experiments within the sediment column using isotopically labeled calcite. We present evidence of successful deployments of this device on and adjacent to the Cocos Ridge in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific across a range of depths and calcite saturation states.
Cirrus crystal nucleation by homogeneous freezing of solution droplets

Abstract In recent measurements, liquid water was not detected in cirrus clouds below −40°C and, since there appear to be few ice-forming nuclei in the upper troposphere, ice nucleation evidently takes place by homogeneous freezing of solution droplets. A numerical model consisting of a system of ordinary differential equations is used to study this process in a rising parcel containing a distribution of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). The model traces the evolution of both the particle population (liquid and solid phase) and the thermodynamic variables in the parcel. Droplet growth rates are calculated in 20 size categories assuming ammonium sulfate nuclei; CCN distributions are taken from aircraft data. Homogeneous nucleation rates are derived by classical methods; adjustments for solution effects are made by considering the water vapor pressure over droplet surface. Results for convective cirrus simulations indicate that if homogeneous freezing is not considered, liquid water should be detected below .
I. bibliography on piezoelectricity and pyroelectricity of polymers 1961–1980

Abstract A bibliography on piezoelectricity and pyroelectricity of polymers is presented which includes 654 references published between 1961 and 1980. Research papers, reports, conference presentations, and patents are covered. A chronological bibliography is given, followed by an alphabetical list of all authors and a Key-Word-in-Context index to the titles.
RELATING THE SHEAR-THINNING CURVE TO THE MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION IN LINEAR POLYMER MELTS

The double‐reptation ansatz for stress relaxation in broadly polydisperse melts of linear chains relates the molecular weight distribution φ(n) and the dynamic viscosity η(ω), and has been used to infer φ(n) from rheological data. I show that the microscopic theory of constraint release implies the double‐reptation model is valid for practical distributions φ(n). I also provide a heuristic theoretical argument for the Cox–Merz empirical rule that the shapes of the functions η*(ω) and η(γ) are similar, which allows the shear‐thinning curve to be predicted.
Measurement error and functional form: implications for welfare estimates

This paper describes a series of Monte Carlo simulations which investigate the accuracy of final estimates generated from the travel cost model (TCM). The results are of interest to all applied researchers who: (a) cannot select functional form on theoretical grounds; and (b) wish to use Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimates for further calculations. This is because the simulations indicate that certain types of measurement error decrease the probability that researchers will be able to determine the correct functional form of the estimating equation on the basis of goodness of fit statistics. While this does not necessarily mean that slope (partial coefficient) estimates will be biased, it can cause substantial and unpredictable bias in welfare estimates.
Impact of blue LED irradiation on proliferation and gene expression of cultured human keratinocytes

Blue light is known for its anti-microbial, anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects. Furthermore, it is already used for the treatment of neonatal jaundice and acne. However, little is known about the exact mechanisms of action on gene expression level. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of blue LED irradiation on the proliferation and gene expression in immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT) in vitro. Furthermore its safety was assessed. XTT-tests revealed a decrease in cell proliferation in blue light irradiated cells depending on the duration of light irradiation. Moreover, gene expression analysis demonstrated deregulated genes already 3 hours after blue light irradiation. 24 hours after blue light irradiation the effects seemed to be even more pronounced. The oxidative stress response was significantly increased, pointing to increased ROS production due to blue light, as well as steroid hormone biosynthesis. Downregulated pathways or biological processes were connected to anti-inflammatory response. Interestingly, also the melanoma pathway contained significantly downregulated genes 24 hours after blue light irradiation, which stands in accordance to literature that blue light can also inhibit proliferation in cancer cells. First tests with melanoma cells revealed a decrease in cell proliferation after blue light irradiation. In conclusion, blue light irradiation might open avenues to new therapeutic regimens; at least blue light seems to have no effect that induces cancer growth or formation.
Large spontaneous magnetostrictive softening below the Curie temperature of Fe3C Invar particles.

Fe3C incorporates only Fe as a metallic element and is an Invar material with valence electron concentration 8.67. We have studied the equation of state up to 20GPa of Fe3C particles (d∼40nm) below and above the Curie temperature (room temperature and 550K, respectively) to search for a softening associated with a magnetovolume instabilities characteristic of Invar-type material. The isothermal bulk modulus of Fe3C particles at room temperature was found to be about 13% smaller than that of the value at 550K. This difference is comparable with the relative difference in the bulk modulus of Fe65Ni35 Invar in a similar temperature range around the Curie temperature.
Finite frames constructed by solving Fekete problem and accuracy of quantum tomography protocols based on them

Finite frames have many applications in quantum informatics, communications, coding theory, and other ﬁelds. In this article we investigate their use in quantum tomography. The family of vectors comprising a frame can be used to deﬁne a protocol of quantum tomography. To do this one estimates the probabilities of projective measurements on quantum states corresponding to the frame vectors. The state under investigation can then be reconstructed by one of several quantum tomography techniques. Since quantum tomography performance depends greatly on the choice of protocol, the problem of ﬁnding an optimal protocol is of considerable interest. WeexamineafamilyofunitnormframesconsistingofnumericalsolutionstoFeketepackingproblemincomplex space. Notable members of this family are Mutually Unbiased Bases (MUBs), which were computed in all investigated prime power dimensions, as well as Symmetrical Informationally Complete Positive Operator Valued Measures(SIC-POVM) in all dimensions. This family contains other uniform tight frames, in which the number of vectors lies between that of full sets of Mutually Unbiased Bases and Symmetrical Informationally Complete POVMs, and which all share the same internal structure. We detail some properties of these frames and their performance as quantum tomography protocols.
Les pauses gestuelles correspondent-elles à des dysfluences verbales chez les personnes aphasiques ?

Do gesture holds correspond to dysfluencies in aphasic speech? This paper investigates gesture pauses (called ‘gesture holds’ in the literature) in fluent and non-fluent aphasics in comparison with control speakers from the AphasiaBank corpus. We answer three research questions: a) Are gesture preand post-stroke holds more prevalent in certain groups of speakers, b) Are the number of dysfluency cues in the speech string co-occurring with gesture holds higher in certain groups of speakers, and c) Which markers of (dys)fluency co-occur with gesture holds? As predicted, we find differences between the three groups, mainly for questions (b) and (c), but not for question (a). MOTS-CLÉS : Multimodalité, aphasie, dysfluences, pauses gestuelles.
Deep Learning Reactive Robotic Grasping With a Versatile Vacuum Gripper

In this article, a six-step approach is proposed to simulate the grasp and evaluate the grasp quality for a versatile vacuum gripper by tracking the deformation and force-torque wrench of the gripping pad. Over 100 K synthetic grasps are generated for neural network training. Furthermore, a gripping attention convolutional neural network (GA-CNN) is developed to predict the grasp quality for real-world grasp, running by 15 Hz closed-loop control with the real-time robotic observation and force-torque feedback. Various experiments in both the simulation and physical grasps indicate that our GA-CNN can focus on the crucial region of the soft gripping pad to predict grasp qualities and perform a lower average error compared with a same-scale traditional CNN. In addition, the complexity of grasping clutters is defined from Level 1 to Level 9. The proposed grasping method achieves an average success rate of 90.2% for static clutters at Level 1 to Level 8 and an average success rate of >80.0% for dynamic grasping at Level 1 to Level 7, which outperforms state-of-the-art grasping methods.