Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hematopoietic stem cell regeneration through paracrine regulation of the Wnt5a/Prox1 signaling axis

The crosstalk between the BM microenvironment (niche) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is critical for HSC regeneration. Here, we show that in mice, deletion of the Fanconi anemia (FA) genes Fanca and Fancc dampened HSC regeneration through direct effects on HSCs and indirect effects on BM niche cells. FA HSCs showed persistent upregulation of the Wnt target Prox1 in response to total body irradiation (TBI). Accordingly, lineage-specific deletion of Prox1 improved long-term repopulation of the irradiated FA HSCs. Forced expression of Prox1 in WT HSCs mimicked the defective repopulation phenotype of FA HSCs. WT mice but not FA mice showed significant induction by TBI of BM stromal Wnt5a protein. Mechanistically, FA proteins regulated stromal Wnt5a expression, possibly through modulating the Wnt5a transcription activator Pax2. Wnt5a treatment of irradiated FA mice enhanced HSC regeneration. Conversely, Wnt5a neutralization inhibited HSC regeneration after TBI. Wnt5a secreted by LepR+CXCL12+ BM stromal cells inhibited β-catenin accumulation, thereby repressing Prox1 transcription in irradiated HSCs. The detrimental effect of deregulated Wnt5a/Prox1 signaling on HSC regeneration was also observed in patients with FA and aged mice. Irradiation induced upregulation of Prox1 in the HSCs of aged mice, and deletion of Prox1 in aged HSCs improved HSC regeneration. Treatment of aged mice with Wnt5a enhanced hematopoietic repopulation. Collectively, these findings identified the paracrine Wnt5a/Prox1 signaling axis as a regulator of HSC regeneration under conditions of injury and aging.
DNR: A Unified Framework of List Ranking with Neural Networks for Recommendation

In recent years, list ranking learning has attracted further attention in the field of recommendation. Most of the existing list ranking methods use traditional or deep learning methods to fit user-item interactions and output a personalized ranking list. These solutions mainly focus on a certain aspect of linear and nonlinear interactions when learning latent structures of users and items. In fact, linear interactions and nonlinear interactions coexist and play complementary roles in a recommendation system. Once any type of interaction is ignored, it will result in the loss of linear or nonlinear features, which will further affect the overall performance of the model. To address this problem, we propose a general framework, DNR, short for Deep Neural Rank. To jointly learn linear and nonlinear features, it uses both traditional and deep learning methods to fit user-item interactions. This is a flexible architecture that can not only be extended to the integration of various linear models and nonlinear models but also be simplified for pairwise learning to rank. This paper focuses on the feasibility of integrating matrix factorization (MF) and multi-layer perceptron (MLP) into the framework as linear and nonlinear methods. Eventually, we conduct extensive experiments on three data sets (Movielens100K, Movielens1M, and Yahoo Movies). The results show that our proposed DNR framework achieves a significant improvement compared to existing methods.
Thermoresponsive Triblock‐Copolymers of Polyethylene Oxide and Polymethacrylates: Linking Chemistry, Nanoscale Morphology, and Rheological Properties

Thermoreversible gels switch from a free‐flowing liquid state to an elastic gel mesophase upon warming, displaying the reverse transition upon cooling. While this phenomenon makes these advanced materials highly attractive in numerous fields, the generation of optimal materials of tailored rheology and transition temperatures is stifled by the lack of design principles. To address this need, a library of ABA copolymers has been prepared with “A” blocks exhibiting thermoresponsive behavior and “B” blocks of poly(ethylene glycol). This library evaluates the effect of “A” chemistry, probing three polymer classes, and A/B block molecular weight on thermally‐induced phase changes in solutions of the polymers. An exploration by rheometry coupled to Small‐Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) elucidates temperature‐dependent hierarchical self‐assembly processes occurring on the nanoscale as well as bulk rheology. This process deciphered links between rheology and supracolloidal assemblies (sphere, ellipses, and cylinders) within the gel state with interactions probed further via structure factors. Several design principles are identified to inform the genesis of next‐generation thermoreversible gels, alongside novel materials exhibited thermoresponsive behavior in the solution state for use in applied healthcare technologies.
Photon-number-resolving detector with 10 bits of resolution

A photon-number-resolving detector with single-photon resolution is described and demonstrated. It has 10 bits of resolution, does not require cryogenic cooling, and is sensitive to near ir wavelengths. This performance is achieved by flood illuminating a 32x32 element In{sub x}Ga{sub 1-x}AsP Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode array that has an integrated counter and digital readout circuit behind each pixel.
Inter- and Intraorganizational Trust in International Construction Joint Ventures

International joint ventures in construction often face a highly complex and dynamic environment because, in most instances, they are formed to build large-scale engineering projects. One can distinguish two organizational levels that together constitute the joint venture system: (1) the interorganizational level formed by the partners and (2) the intraorganizational level of the joint venture. The partners seek to reconcile their different interests on the interorganizational level, as each of them follows the goal of profit optimization. Here, formal control mechanisms are more important than trust. Actors on the intraorganizational level face the construction task. One of the primary requirements is to reduce the project complexity. Within the joint venture, many international construction joint ventures disentangle their responsibilities by functional separation and delegation of work. In a social group, delegation of work requires trust in the capability and willingness of others to perform their duties without supervision. Especially during the initial phase, international construction joint ventures are high-pressure environments without established teams. Trust is a mechanism that allows to reach goals efficiently within this setting. As a consequence, we can find a special form of trust in international construction joint ventures: necessitated general trust that is extended to everyone even without prior knowledge. These findings are new and have high practical relevance as trust proves to be a most important success factor.
Numerical examination of silicon avalanche photodiodes operated in charge storage mode

The behavior of silicon-based avalanche photodiodes (APD's) operated in the charge storage mode is examined. In the charge storage mode, the diodes are periodically biased to a sub-breakdown voltage and then open-circuited. During this integration period, photo-excited and thermally generated carriers are accumulated within the structure. The dynamics of this accumulation and its effects upon the avalanching of the diode warrants a detailed, fully numerical analysis. The salient features of this investigation include device sensitivity to the input photo-current including the self-quenching effect of the diode and its limitations in sensing low light levels, the dependence of the response on the bulk lifetime and hence on the generation current within the device, the initial gain, transient response, dependence of the device uniformity upon performance, and the quantity of storable charge within the device. To achieve these tasks our device simulator, STEBS-2D, was utilized. A modified current-controlled boundary condition is employed which allows for the simulation of the isolated diode after the initial reset bias has been applied. With this boundary condition, it is possible to establish a steady-state voltage on the ohmic contact and then effectively remove the device from the external circuit while still including effects from surface recombination, trapped surface charge, and leakage current from the read-out electronics.
Compact optical millimetre-wave source using a dual-mode semiconductor laser

The authors demonstrate the optical generation of extremely narrow linewidth millimetre-wave signals between 40 and 60 GHz using a single-chip semiconductor laser. A dual-mode long-cavity multisection DFB semiconductor laser is driven at a subharmonic of the free-running-mode beat signal frequency to produce phase-locked millimetre waves with a 3 dB linewidth of less than 10 Hz and a 3 dB locking range of ~500 MHz.
Simple models of walking and jumping

Alexander, R.McN. , 1992. Simple models of walking and jumping. Human Movement Science 11, 3-9. Many biomechanical models of human movement are complex by the standards of physical mechanics, but this paper presents two that are exceedingly simple. The first helps to explain the transition from walking to running by showing that a straightlegged style of walking would become impossible above a certain speed. The second uses the force-velocity properties of muscle to explain why high jumpers run up much more slowly than long jumpers. Simple models are particularly useful in identifying basic principles because the simpler the model, the easier it is to discover which of its features gives rise to the observed effect. The human body is far too complicated to be imitated in detail by any model. All models of it that have been devised by biomechanicists are gross simplifications, but many are complex by the standards of physical mechanics. For example, the model used by Yeadon (1990) for his brilliant analysis of twisting somersaults represents the body as an assembly of eleven rigid segments each with appropriate dimensions, mass and moments of inertia, and Seireg and Arvikar’s (1973) classic analysis of standing represents each leg as an assembly of three segments operated by 29 muscles. I admire those two models, which are well adapted to their functions, but am concerned by the feeling that seems to be common among biomechanicists, that because the human body is complex they should always reproduce as much as possible of its complexity in their models. My aim in this paper is to encourage the use of simple models by showing how two exceedingly simple ones have contributed to our understanding of human movement.
Synthesis of reflection-mode prototype networks with dissipative circuit elements

A new procedure for synthesising lossy reflection-mode filters is presented. The resultant one-port prototype networks enable any lossless approximation function to be realised with finite Q circuit elements, provided a constant level of passband attenuation may be tolerated. Numerical examples are presented for a second-order Butterworth filter and a fourth-order elliptic function bandstop filter.
Secessionist conflict as diversion from inequality: The missing link between grievance and repression

Why do some secessionist claims turn violent and others stay peaceful? This study elucidates the role of inequality and diversionary tactics of states in secessionist violence. Horizontal inequality increases the grievances of minorities and fuels rebellion. States with high vertical inequality prefer to suppress peripheries instead of increasing redistribution and alleviating their material grievances. States shun redistributing toward peripheral regions because sharing with one group prompts demands for redistribution among other groups, including the dominant group. Fearing resource reallocation at the national scale and potential loss of their elevated social status, the elites opt for violent solutions for secessionist crises. Using a new dataset on self-determination movements I test these conjectures and find strong support for them.
Method for array calibration in high-resolution sensor array processing

With few exceptions, most high-resolution sensor array algorithms for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation are sensitive to the errors in the nominal array manifold. Deviations from the true array manifold, typically resulting from mutual coupling, array channels mismatch and sensor positioning errors, can seriously degrade the algorithms' performance. Several array calibration algorithms have been reported in the literature; however, only a handful have addressed the problem of calibrating the errors in the array manifold that result from the combined effects of mutual coupling, sensor positioning error and mismatch in the array channels. This problem is addressed in the paper. By extending the array parametrisation to describe the deviations of the nominal array manifold from the actual array manifold, the array calibration problem considered can be posed as that of estimating the calibration matrix and sensor positions. The array calibration method proposed estimates the sensor positions and calibration matrix from a set of measured steering vectors. The usefulness and behaviour of the proposed calibration method are illustrated through simulated experiments.
Extracting of Micro Doppler Parameter of Helicopter Rotor Based on Time-Frequency Analysis

The micro Doppler effect of the radar echo signal of helicopter rotor is studied, and the formula of helicopter rotor echo is obtained. Then the received echo signal of helicopter rotor simulated is analyzed in time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain respectively, the analysis results show that it is a good method to extract micro Doppler of helicopter rotor echo by time-frequency analysis. According to analysis results, obtained a method to determine parity of blades and velocity of helicopter rotor, these methods can be used to identify helicopter.
High selectivity dual‐wideband bandpass filter with triple‐mode stub‐loaded stepped‐impedance resonators

A novel high selectivity dual‐wideband microstrip bandpass filter (BPF) with two triple‐mode stub‐loaded stepped‐impedance resonators (SIRs) is proposed in this letter. Either of the SIRs can not only separately generate one passband but also control the passband performance. Because of the intrinsic characteristics of the SIRs, four transmission zeros can be generated to improve the selectivity. A dual‐wideband filter with the fractional bandwidth 15.4% and 10.2% is designed and fabricated. The dual‐wideband filter is evaluated by experiment and simulation with good agreement. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2851–2854, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26371
Modeling and simulation of mixing layer flows for rocket engine film cooling

Title of Document: MODELING AND SIMULATION OF MIXING LAYER FLOWS FOR ROCKET ENGINE FILM COOLING Kiran Hamilton Jeffrey Dellimore, Doctor of Philosophy, 2010 Directed By: Associate Professor, Christopher P. Cadou, Department of Aerospace Engineering Film cooling has been selected for the thermal protection of the composite nozzle extension of the J-2X engine which is currently being developed for the second stage of NASA’s next generation launch vehicle, the Ares I rocket. However, several challenges remain in order to achieve effective film cooling of the nozzle extension and to ensure its safe operation. The extreme complexity of the flow (threedimensional wakes, lateral flows, vorticity, and flow separation) makes predicting film cooling performance difficult. There is also a dearth of useful supersonic film cooling data available for engineers to use in engine design and a lack of maturity of CFD tools to quantitatively match supersonic film cooling data. This dissertation advances the state of the art in film cooling by presenting semi-empirical analytical models which improve the basic physical understanding and prediction of the effects of pressure gradients, compressibility and density gradients on film cooling effectiveness. These models are shown to correlate most experimental data well and to resolve several conflicts in the open literature. The core-to-coolant stream velocity ratio, R, and the Kays acceleration parameter, KP, are identified as the critical parameters needed to understand how pressure gradients influence film cooling performance. The convective Mach number, Mc, the total temperature ratio, θ0, and the Mach number of the high speed stream, MHS, are shown to be important when explaining the effects of compressibility and density gradient on film cooling effectiveness. An advance in the simulation of film cooling flows is also presented through the development of a computationally inexpensive RANS methodology capable of correctly predicting film cooling performance under turbulent, subsonic conditions. The subsonic simulation results suggest that it in order to obtain accurate predictions using RANS it is essential to thoroughly characterize the turbulent states at the inlet of the coolant and core streams of the film cooling flow. The limitations of this approach are established using a Grid Convergence Index (GCI) Test and a demonstration of the extension of this RANS methodology to supersonic conditions is presented. Modeling and Simulation of Mixing Layer Flows For Rocket Engine Film Cooling
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Multiple facial soft biometrics for person identification system

Statement of Retraction The Editors and Publishers of Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences have retracted the following article: “Multiple facial soft biometrics for person identification system” by A. Prakash and Rajeswari Mukesh Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences http://dx.doi. org/10.1080/00450618.2013. 788680 We are now cognisant that the authors reproduced significant extracts from another work without permission or acknowledgement, viz., “Bag of Soft Biometrics for Person Identification: New trends and challenges” by Antitza Dantcheva, Carmelo Velardo, Angela D’Angelo, and Jean-Luc Dugelay, Multimedia Tools and Applications http://link.springer. com/article/10.1007/s11042-010-0635-7 This action constitutes a breach of warranties made by the authors with respect to originality and provenance. We note we received, peer-reviewed, accepted, and published the article in good faith based on these warranties, and censure this action accordingly. The article has been removed to comply with the wishes of the injured parties.
A band selected 3.1–30.1 GHz distributed amplifier in 0.18‐μm CMOS technology

A band‐selected 3.1–30.1 GHz CMOS distributed amplifier (DA) for extended UWB application is presented in this article. The proposed circuit was designed and fabricated with a 0.18‐μm CMOS technology. This circuit uses a sharpening technique to improve the frequency response from low‐pass to bandpass property, for the requirement of limited frequency band. This DA also adopts the inductive peaking technique to increase circuit's gain and bandwidth. This DA has a measured maximum power gain of 7.5 dB. The supply voltage and biasing current are 1.8 V and 28.6 mA, with total DC power of 51.48 mW. When compared with the standard DAs published over the past years, this circuit offers good abilities in band selectivity, acceptable power gain, low noise figures, and large‐signal performances. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26139
Energy Storage for the Electricity Grid: Benefits and Market Potential Assessment Guide A Study for the DOE Energy Storage Systems Program

This guide describes a high-level, technology-neutral framework for assessing potential benefits from and economic market potential for energy storage used for electric-utility-related applications. The overarching theme addressed is the concept of combining applications/benefits into attractive value propositions that include use of energy storage, possibly including distributed and/or modular systems. Other topics addressed include: high-level estimates of application-specific lifecycle benefit (10 years) in $/kW and maximum market potential (10 years) in MW. Combined, these criteria indicate the economic potential (in $Millions) for a given energy storage application/benefit. The benefits and value propositions characterized provide an important indication of storage system cost targets for system and subsystem developers, vendors, and prospective users. Maximum market potential estimates provide developers, vendors, and energy policymakers with an indication of the upper bound of the potential demand for storage. The combination of the value of an individual benefit (in $/kW) and the corresponding maximum market potential estimate (in MW) indicates the possible impact that storage could have on the U.S. economy. The intended audience for this document includes persons or organizations needing a framework for making first-cut or high-level estimates of benefits for a specific storage project and/or those seeking a high-level estimate of viable price points and/or maximum market potential for their products. Thus, the intended audience includes: electric utility planners, electricity end users, non-utility electric energy and electric services providers, electric utility regulators and policymakers, intermittent renewables advocates and developers, Smart Grid advocates and developers, storage technology and project developers, and energy storage advocates.
Software Development for a Low Voltage Load Switching Board

Over the course of ten weeks, software was developed to establish functionality of a lowvoltage load switching board. Designed to protect scientific instruments deployed on the FOCE (Free Ocean Carbon Enrichment experiment) platform, the load switcher's hardware automatically trips a circuit breaker when certain fault conditions are present (over current, over voltage, and under voltage). Then, the software switches the associated instrument's relay off in order to provide full galvanic isolation. The software is also able to set the thresholds for each of the fault conditions, as provided by the user.
Multi-sensor tracking and lane estimation in highly automated vehicles

Highly automated driving brings the next generation of driver assistance systems for increased safety and comfort. Automated vehicles execute part of the driving tasks whereas the driver is still involved in controlling the vehicle. Higher degrees of automation pose more strict requirements for perception systems in terms of performance and robustness. The HAVEit EU project investigates the application and validation of highly automated vehicle systems, technologies that are going to have a great impact on transport of the future. The purpose of this study is to examine in detail the problem of multi-sensor fusion for target tracking and road environment perception in an automated vehicle application. A series of algorithms are described for solving the data association and track estimation problems, both at sensor and central levels. The techniques that are used for multi-sensor lane estimation are also presented. Finally, results from simulated and real-time tests are given to demonstrate the performance of the algorithm.