Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Compensability of Enhanced Cytoplasmic Droplet Rates in Boar Semen: Insights of a Retrospective Field Study

Simple Summary Cytoplasmic droplets (CD) represent a common sperm abnormality in boar. Their negative effect on fertility might be compensated by high numbers of morphological and functional intact spermatozoa in the insemination dose. To prove this hypothesis, a retrospective analysis of fertility data from 1497 inseminations obtained with 260 extended ejaculates of 130 boar was performed. CD rates > 11% provided a greater risk for reduced litter sizes. However, average litter sizes in the semen group with high CD rate (>15%) did not differ from groups with medium (10–15%) or low (<10%) CD rates. The farrowing rate was even slightly higher in the high CD group. This was accompanied by a higher tolerance of sperm to heat and cold stress compared to semen groups with lower CD rates. Other functional sperm parameters did not differ between the three CD groups. In conclusion, an increased rate of CD in extended boar semen portions can be compensated by a high percentage of stress-tolerant sperm so that fertility is not affected. Abstract Retained cytoplasmic droplets (CD) provide the most abundant sperm abnormality in boar and reduce fertility. It is still unclear as to whether high CD rates in semen portions are compensable. The aim was to explore the impact of CD in relation to quantitative and qualitative sperm traits on fertility performance of sows. Retrospective data analysis of 1497 inseminations was performed. Ejaculates (n = 260) were assigned to three groups with low (<10%), medium (≥10% to <15%), and high (≥15%) CD rates. Average sperm numbers were lowest in the high CD group (2.08 × 109/mL). Membrane integrity and mitochondrial activity did not differ between the groups. Breakpoint analysis indicated a shift towards lower litter sizes when the CD rate exceeded 11%. Group comparisons revealed no difference in litter size (p = 0.205), together with a slightly higher farrowing rate in the high CD group (p < 0.001), which coincided with higher resistance against temperature stress in the stored semen samples (p < 0.001) and a higher sperm motility (p < 0.001). In conclusion, an increased prevalence of CD in boar semen is compensable by high tolerance against temperature stress, whereas sperm numbers per dose are less relevant.
Viral Integration Plays a Minor Role in the Development and Prognostication of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Simple Summary Viruses are well known causes of several human malignancies. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is rising in patients with limited exposure to traditional risk factors, including smoking. As a causative factor of OSCC is yet to be found, our study aimed to identify a virus that may drive this cancer. First, we examined whole genome sequencing data from 28 patients under the age of 50 with limited exposure to carcinogens for viruses. Using viral detection software that screens for >700,000 viruses, we identified one 49 year old male patient with human papillomavirus (HPV). We further validated our findings in 657 patients, using immunohistochemistry and RNA in situ hybridization specific for HPV, and identified 8 (1.2%) male patients with HPV integration. Through a comprehensive search for viruses and evaluation in a large patient OSCC cohort, we demonstrate that viral integration occurs in a minority of male OSCC patients. Abstract Viruses are well known drivers of several human malignancies. A causative factor for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in patients with limited exposure to traditional risk factors, including tobacco use, is yet to be identified. Our study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the role of viral drivers in OSCC patients with low cumulative exposure to traditional risk factors. Patients under 50 years of age with OSCC, defined using strict anatomic criteria were selected for WGS. The WGS data was interrogated using viral detection tools (Kraken 2 and BLASTN), together examining >700,000 viruses. The findings were further verified using tissue microarrays of OSCC samples using both immunohistochemistry and RNA in situ hybridisation (ISH). 28 patients underwent WGS and comprehensive viral profiling. One 49-year-old male patient with OSCC of the hard palate demonstrated HPV35 integration. 657 cases of OSCC were then evaluated for the presence of HPV integration through immunohistochemistry for p16 and HPV RNA ISH. HPV integration was seen in 8 (1.2%) patients, all middle-aged men with predominant floor of mouth involvement. In summary, a wide-ranging interrogation of >700,000 viruses using OSCC WGS data showed HPV integration in a minority of male OSCC patients and did not carry any prognostic significance.
Viscous growth and rebound of a bubble near a rigid surface

Motivated by the dynamics of microbubbles near catalytic surfaces in bubble-powered microrockets, we consider theoretically the growth of a free spherical bubble near a flat no-slip surface in a Stokes flow. The flow at the bubble surface is characterised by a constant slip length allowing us to tune the hydrodynamic mobility of its surface and tackle in one formulation both clean and contaminated bubbles as well as rigid shells. Starting with a bubble of infinitesimal size, the fluid flow and hydrodynamic forces on the growing bubble are obtained analytically. We demonstrate that, depending on the value of the bubble slip length relative to the initial distance to the wall, the bubble will either monotonically drain the fluid separating it from the wall, which will exponentially thin, or it will bounce off the surface once before eventually draining the thin film. Clean bubbles are shown to be a singular limit which always monotonically get repelled from the surface. The bouncing events for bubbles with finite slip lengths are further analysed in detail in the lubrication limit. In particular, we identify the origin of the reversal of the hydrodynamic force direction as due to the change in the flow pattern in the film between the bubble and the surface and to the associated lubrication pressure. Last, the final drainage dynamics of the film is observed to follow a universal algebraic scaling for all finite slip lengths.
Interrelation between partial coherence and quantum correlations

Both coherence and entanglement stem from the superposition principle, capture quantumness of a physical system, and play a central role in quantum physics. In a multipartite quantum system, coherence and quantum correlations are closely connected. In particular, it has been established that quantum coherence of a bipartite state is an important resource for its conversion to entanglement [A. Streltsov {\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 115}, 020403 (2015)] and to quantum discord [J. Ma {\it et al}. , Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 116}, 160407 (2016)]. We show here that there is a very close association between partial coherence introduced by Luo and Sun [S. Luo and Y. Sun, Phys. Rev. A {\bf 96}, 022136 (2017)] and quantum correlations (quantified by quantum discord) in both directions. Furthermore, we propose families of coherence measures in terms of quantum correlations and quantum Fisher information.
In vitro bioactivities of Codonopsis javanica root extract from Kon Tum province, Vietnam

Dangshen Codonopsis javanica exhibits invaluable medicinal properties in herbal remedies; however, there has currently not been much specific analysis of the phytochemicals and bioactivities of this plant. The root ethanol extract of C. javanica contains substances such as saponins, phenolic acids, terpenoids, and alkaloids. It displays an antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus with the IC50 values of 150, 100, 150, and 90 μg/mL, respectively. The antioxidant capacity of the root extract was also observed with an IC50 value of 46.8 ± 6.8 μg/mL. Furthermore, the extract exhibits activity on human cancer cell lines HepG2 (IC50 = 83.6 ± 2.7 μg/mL) and MCF-7 (IC50 = 95.3 ± 2.3 μg/mL). Hence, this study provides the basic data for further research on the bioactivities of natural compounds of Dangshen C. javanica for the first time.
Anderson Localization in Disordered LN Photonic Crystal Slab Cavities

We present a detailed theoretical study of the effects of structural disorder on LN photonic crystal slab cavities, ranging from short to long length scales (N = 3–35 cavity lengths), using a fully three-dimensional Bloch mode expansion technique. We compute the optical density of states (DOS), quality factors and effective mode volumes of the cavity modes, with and without lattice disorder, and compare with the localized modes of the corresponding disordered photonic crystal waveguide. We demonstrate how the quality factors and effective mode volumes saturate at a specific cavity length, and become bounded by the corresponding values of the Anderson modes appearing in the disordered waveguide. By means of the intensity fluctuation criterion, we find Anderson-like localization for cavity lengths larger than around L31, and show that the field confinement in the disordered LN cavities is mainly determined by the local characteristics of the structural disorder as long as the confinement region is far enoug.
Technological Insights into the Evolution of Bronze Bell Metal Casting on the Korean Peninsula

Bronze cast bells have been designed and developed for hundreds of years, with the worldwide spread of several faiths and religions such as Buddhism, Catholicism, and Protestantism. The exceptional ringtones of bronze bell metals have scientific healing and cultural importance. In this review article, we highlight the evolution of bronze bell metal over the decades, its composition, and the complex fabrication technologies used to date. Furthermore, we overview ancient and modern casting alloy technology, especially bronze bell castings in Asia. The bell shape, materials, and alloy casting technology have undergone dramatic change over the years. For comparison, we include different bronze cast bells and their characteristics produced from the Middle Ages to the present times. Based on the data obtained from the bell casting technology surrounding the Korean Peninsula, the major trends in the evolution of bronze bell castings and long-standing traditions of mold materials and alloys are described. In the present review, the effects of different elements on bell materials are qualitatively overviewed, with an assessment of the material and casting properties, service life, and bell sound. We also highlight the challenges of conventional bronze casting and possible solutions for future investment castings and rapid prototyping of bronze bells.
Lexical Plurals: A Morphosemantic Approach

Introduction PART I: A TYPOLOGY OF LEXICAL PLURALS 1. Varieties of Non-Inflectional Plurals 2. Plurals and Morphological Lexicality 3. The Meaning(s) of Lexical Plurality PART II: FOUR CASE STUDIES 4. Italian Irregular Plurals in -a 5. Irish Counting Plurals 6. Arabic Broken Plurals 7. The System of Breton Plural Nouns PART III: 8. Theoretical Conclusions Concluding Remarks
A network criterion for the success of cooperation in an evolutionary prisoner's dilemma, and a variation on Hamilton's rule

Mathematics Department, Hillsdale College, 33 E. College St., Hillsdale, MI, 49242, USA(Dated: August 26, 2009)We show that the success of cooperation in an evolutionary prisoner’s dilemma on a complexnetwork can be predicted by a simple, quantitative network analysis using mean ﬁeld parameters.The criterion is shown to be accurate on a wide variety of networks with degree distributionsranging from regular to Poisson to scale-free. The network analysis uses a parameter that allows forcomparisons of networks with both similar, and distinct, topologies. Furthermore, we establish thecriterion here as a natural network analogue of Hamilton’s classical rule for kin selection, despitearising in an entirely diﬀerent context. The result is a network-based evolutionary rule for altruismthat parallels Hamilton’s genetic rule.1. INTRODUCTION
POLDIP3: At the Crossroad of RNA and DNA Metabolism

POLDIP3 was initially identified as a DNA polymerase delta (Pol δ) interacting protein almost twenty years ago. Intriguingly, it also interacts with proteins involved in a variety of RNA related biological processes, such as transcription, pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA export, and translation. Studies in recent years revealed that POLDIP3 also plays critical roles in disassembling genome wide R-loop formation and activating the DNA damage checkpoint in vivo. Here, we review the functions of POLDIP3 in various RNA and DNA related cellular processes. We then propose a unified model to illustrate how POLDIP3 plays such a versatile role at the crossroad of the RNA and DNA metabolism.
Altered Nasal Microbiome in Atrophic Rhinitis: A Novel Theory of Etiopathogenesis and Therapy

Background: Atrophic rhinitis (AtR) is a chronic nasal condition with polygenic and polybacterial etiology. We investigated the clinical outcomes of honey therapy and the associated nasal microbiome in AtR. Methods: For eight weeks, a nonrandomized control trial using a nasal spray of 10% manuka honey and saline on the right and left sides of the nose was conducted on 19 primary AtR patients. A nasal endoscopy was performed and a mucosal biopsy were taken before and after the intervention. Five of the nineteen patients were selected for microbiome and GPR43 expression studies. Results: We used manuka honey to describe an effective prebiotic treatment for atrophic rhinitis. There were nine males and ten females with an average (±SD) age of 33.8 (±10.7) years. Endoscopic scores and clinical symptoms improved in honey-treated nasal cavities (p < 0.003). There was a significant decrease in inflammation, restoration of mucus glands, and increased expression of GPR43 in the nasal cavities with honey therapy. The nasal microbiome composition before and after treatment was documented. Particularly, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) producers were positively enriched after honey therapy and correlated with improved clinical outcomes like nasal crusting, congestion, and discharge. Conclusion: Our approach to treating AtR patients with manuka honey illustrated effective clinical outcomes such as (1) decreased fetid smell, (2) thickening of the mucosa, (3) decreased inflammation with healed mucosal ulcers, (4) increased concentration of the mucosal glands, (5) altered nasal microbiome, and (6) increased expression of SCFA receptors. These changes are consequent to resetting the nasal microbiome due to honey therapy.
Design study on magnetic springs with low resonance frequency

Passive magnetic gravity compensation may be a very feasible alternative to commonly used mechanical or pneumatic solutions for vibration isolation systems. This paper discusses a study on the optimal design of an ironless magnetic spring with a horizontal airgap for use in an electromagnetic vibration isolator. For such systems it is often preferred to combine a high force level with very low spring stiffness in order to achieve a low resonance frequency. Two optimization methods are used to achieve these properties and their results are compared. This study aims to provide more insight in the limits of the proposed topology on the achievable vibration isolation performance of permanent-magnet based springs as well as the feasibility of the modeling and optimization tools.
Heating of the Hot Intergalactic Medium by Powerful Radio Galaxies and Associated High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission

There is increasing evidence that some heating mechanism in addition to gravitational shock heating has been important for the hot gas inside clusters and groups of galaxies, as indicated by their observed X-ray scaling properties. While supernovae are the most obvious candidate heating sources, a number of recent studies have suggested that they may be energetically insufficient. Here we consider high-power, FR II radio galaxies and shock heating of the intracluster medium (ICM; including the case of the intergalactic medium prior to cluster formation) by their large-scale jets. Based on the observed statistics of radio galaxies in clusters and their evolution, along with the most reasonable assumptions, it is shown that they can provide the ICM with excess specific energies of 1-2 keV particle-1, mainly during the redshift interval z ~ 1-3. This naturally meets the requirements of cluster evolution models with nongravitational feedback in accounting for the observed deviations in the X-ray luminosity-temperature relation. In contrast to supernovae, such large-scale jets deposit their energy directly into the low-density ICM outside galaxies and are much less susceptible to radiative losses. As a clear and potentially decisive test of this scenario, we propose the observation of "prompt" high-energy gamma rays emitted by shock-accelerated, nonthermal electrons during the epoch of ICM heating by radio galaxies, which may be feasible with the GLAST satellite. Implications for recent detections of excess hard X-rays from groups are also discussed.
Review of Machine-Learning Techniques Applied to Structural Health Monitoring Systems for Building and Bridge Structures

This review identifies current machine-learning algorithms implemented in building structural health monitoring systems and their success in determining the level of damage in a hierarchical classification. The integration of physical models, feature extraction techniques, uncertainty management, parameter estimation, and finite element model analysis are used to implement data-driven model detection systems for SHM system design. A total of 68 articles using ANN, CNN and SVM, in combination with preprocessing techniques, were analyzed corresponding to the period 2011–2022. The application of these techniques in structural condition monitoring improves the reliability and performance of these systems.
Quantum teleportation using coherent emission from telecom C-band quantum dots

A practical way to link separate nodes in quantum networks is to send photons over the standard telecom fibre network. This requires sub-Poissonian photon sources in the telecom wavelength band around 1550 nm, where the photon coherence time has to be sufficient to enable the many interference-based technologies at the heart of quantum networks. Here, we show that droplet epitaxy InAs/InP quantum dots emitting in the telecom C-band can provide photons with coherence times exceeding 1 ns even under non-resonant excitation, more than a factor two longer than values reported for shorter wavelength quantum dots under similar conditions. We demonstrate that these coherence times enable near-optimal interference with a C-band laser qubit, with visibilities only limited by the quantum dot multiphoton emission. Using entangled photons, we further show teleportation of such qubits in six different bases with average fidelity reaching 88.3$\pm$4%. Beyond direct applications in long-distance quantum communication, the high degree of coherence in these quantum dots is promising for future spin based telecom quantum network applications.
Novel Fuzzy Logic Scheme for Push-Based Critical Data Broadcast Mitigation in VNDN

Vehicular Named Data Networking (VNDN) is one of the potential and future networking architectures that allow Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAV) to exchange data by simply disseminating the content over the network. VNDN only supports a pull-based data forwarding model, where the content information is forwarded upon request. However, in critical situations, it is essential to design a push-based data forwarding model in order to broadcast the critical data packets without any requests. One of the challenges of push-based data forwarding in VNDN is the broadcasting effect, which occurs when every vehicle broadcasts critical information over the network. For instance, in emergency situations such as accidents, road hazards, and bad weather conditions, the producer generates a critical data packet and broadcasts it to all the nearby vehicles. Subsequently, all vehicles broadcast the same critical data packet to each other, which leads to a broadcast storm on the network. Therefore, this paper proposes a Fuzzy Logic-based Push Data Forwarding (FLPDF) scheme to mitigate the broadcast storm effect. The novelty of this paper is the suggestion and application of a fuzzy logic approach to mitigate the critical data broadcast storm effect in VNDN. In the proposed scheme, vehicles are grouped into clusters using the K-means clustering algorithm, and then Cluster Heads (CHs) are selected using a fuzzy logic approach. A CH is uniquely responsible for broadcasting the critical data packets to all other vehicles in a cluster. A Gateway (GW) has the role of forwarding the critical data packets to the nearest clusters via their GWs. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the naive method in terms of transmitted data packets and efficiency. The proposed scheme generates five times fewer data packets and achieves six times higher efficiency than the naive scheme.
Volleyball Trajectory Prediction Using Real-Time Object Detection

The goal of this project is to determine where a volleyball will land relative to the player who sent it out. We use the object-detection system of YOLO, a subset of darknet, to detect both the server and the ball in action shots of volleyball. For this, we train YOLO on a custom dataset by having the system learn how to detect a volleyball and a server from images that were pulled off the internet and labeled. Using our own model, we then input our own images of players striking volleyballs where the distance the ball will travel is known. From the data of the bounding boxes produced by YOLO, we are able to use the necessary variables to calculate where the ball will land. The experiment yields successful results as the average percent error for the trials is low. Future projects can utilize these results to build more complex ways to play volleyball with AI or detect objects in the context of sports.
Theoretical studies on quantum pump and excess entropy production: Quantum master equation approach

In this thesis, we considered quantum systems coupled to several baths. We supposed that the system state is governed by the quantum master equation (QME). We investigated the quantum pump and the excess entropy production. When the set of control parameters α = {α}n is modulated between times t = 0 and t = τ , the average change of a time-independent observable O of the baths is given by 〈∆o〉 = ∫ τ
Spin dynamics in the stripe-ordered buckled honeycomb lattice antiferromagnet Ba 2 NiTeO 6

We carried out inelastic neutron scattering experiments on a buckled honeycomb lattice antiferromagnet Ba$_{2}$NiTeO$_{6}$ exhibiting a stripe structure at a low temperature. Magnetic excitations are observed in the energy range of $\hbar \omega \lesssim 10$ meV having an anisotropy gap of 2 meV at 2 K. We perform spin-wave calculations to identify the spin model. The obtained microscopic parameters are consistent with the location of the stripe structure in the classical phase diagram. Furthermore, the Weiss temperature independently estimated from a bulk magnetic susceptibility is consistent with the microscopic parameters. The results reveal that a competition between the NN and NNN interactions that together with a relatively large single ion magnetic anisotropy stabilize the stripe magnetic structure.