Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI: determining ideal acquisition times to reduce noise and increase quality.

Background: In this study, we investigate the impact of increased PET acquisition time per bed position on lesion detectability, standard uptake value, and image noise in 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI scans. Methods: Scans of twenty patients were analyzed in this study. Patients were injected with 68 Ga-PSMA-11 (mean, 5.50 ± 1.49 mCi) and imaged on a 3.0 T time-of-flight PET/MRI. PET images were retrospectively reconstructed using 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 7, and 10 min of PET data. Lesion detectability was evaluated on a 5-point Likert Scale for each lesion in each reconstruction. Quantitative analysis was performed measuring image noise and lesion uptake. Results: A total of 55 lesions were identified, and lesion detectability increased from 2.07 ± 1.14 for 0.5 min to 4.93 ± 0.26 for 10 min ( p < 0.001), with no significant difference detected between 7 and 10 min of scan time. Average SUV max decreased from 9.89 ± 6.62 for 0.5 min to 8.64 ± 6.81 for 10 min. Noise decreased from 0.72 ± 0.22 for 0.5 min to 0.31 ± 0.12 for 10 min ( p < 0.001) and were nearly equivalent between 7 and 10 min. Pairwise interaction terms between size, SUV max , and scan time were all found to be significant, although the interaction term between SUV max and scan time was found to be the most significant. Conclusions: Increased acquisition duration improves image quality by increasing detectability and reducing noise. In patients with biochemical recurrence, increased acquisition time up to 7 min improves lesion detection.
materials to “Variable selection via additive conditional independence”

In this appendix we provide the proofs of all the propositions, lemmas, and theorems stated in the paper. Some additional theorems, lemmas and propositions were created within this appendix for proving results in the main text. To distinguish these additional results from those in the main text, we label the former as Theorem A1, Lemma A1, Corollary A1, and so on. The detailed derivation of the results in Example 1 is also given in this Appendix.
Boron Nitride Nanotubes for Biomedical Applications: Challenges Ahead

One of the toughest challenges ahead is finding a manufacturing method which is able to produce high quality (in terms of purity and homogeneity) BNNTs in large scale with affordable price. Currently, different techniques are being used to produce BNNTs with acceptable quality but the low production rate, high manufacturing cost, impurities and inconsistency in the product have made it difficult to rely on these methods especially for biomedical applications. Different fabrication methods have been studied by researchers for production of BNNTs including but not limited to chemical vapor deposition [15], laser ablation [16], are discharge [17], ball milling [18] and copyrolysis [13]. The majority of these procedures are based on incorporating a Boron precursor and heating at elevated temperature in presence of a certain gas as Nitrogen source. While the type of precursor and the required temperature can be altered by introducing a catalyst gas but there is still no reliable manufacturing method which is capable of producing large quantity, high quality BNNTs consistently.
Spatial Representativeness of PM 2.5 Concentrations Obtained Using Reduced Number of Network Stations

Haze has been a focused air pollution phenomenon in China, and its characterization is highly desired. Aerosol properties obtained from a single station are frequently used to represent the haze condition over a large domain, such as tens of kilometers, which could result in high uncertainties due to their spatial variation. Using a high resolution network observation over an urban city in North China from November 2015 to February 2016, this study examines the spatial representativeness of ground station observations of particulate matter with diameters less than 2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ). We developed a new method to determine the representative area of PM 2.5 measurements from limited stations. The key idea is to determine the PM 2.5 spatial representative area using its spatial variability and temporal correlation. We also determine stations with large representative area using two grid networks with different resolutions. Based on the high spatial resolution measurements, the representative area of PM 2.5 at one station can be determined from the grids with high correlations and small differences of PM 2.5 . The representative area for a single station in the study period ranges from 0.25 to 16.25 km 2 , but is less than 3 km 2 for more than half of the stations. The representative area varies with locations, and observation at 10 optimal stations would have a good representativeness of those obtained from 169 stations for the four-month time scale studied. Both evaluations with an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis and with independent dataset corroborate the validity of the results found in this study.
Acquisition of Conceptual Design Knowledge in Structural Engineering

Summary Expert systems integrating fuzzy reasoning techniques represent a powerful tool to support practicing engineers during the early stages of structural design. In this context fuzzy models have proved themselves to be very suitable for the representation of complex design knowledge. However their definition is a laborious task. This paper introduces an approach for the design and the optimization of fuzzy systems based upon Genetic Programming. To keep the emerging fuzzy systems transparent a new framework for the definition of linguistic variables is also introduced.
African journal of Education, . Science and Technology A J E S T

Enterprises operate in a dynamic environment and to remain relevant and competitive, there is need for adequate knowledge of their environment and effective management of resources for the achievement of high entrepreneurial performance. This paper focused on knowledge management as a strategy for achieving high entrepreneurial performance and competitiveness. It sought to find out if there is significant relationship between variables used in measuring knowledge management (independent variable), and entrepreneurial performance and competitiveness (dependent variables). Survey research was used in a cross sectional design method through the use of self-administered questionnaires to some selected enterprises in Ota, Ogun State. The data collected were subjected to simple regression analysis to measure the various effects of the independent variables on the dependent variables. The results of the analysis showed that the entrepreneur's ability to evaluate and utilize knowledge has positive relationship with the enterprise competitive position. The result also showed that the enterprise learning, knowledge and skills have positive relationship with the organizational product development. Based on these findings, the study among others recommends that entrepreneurs should not only embrace knowledge management but must continue to improve on their ability to evaluate and utilize knowledge in order to enhance their performance and competitiveness in their business environment.
Challenges to and the future of medication safety in Saudi Arabia

Background: Medication safety is a global concern among healthcare providers. How-ever, the challenges to and the future of medication safety in Saudi Arabia have not been explored. Objectives: We explored the perspectives of healthcare practitioners on current issues about medication safety in hospitals and community settings in Saudi Arabia in order to identify challenges to improving it and explore the future of medication safety practice. Methods: A total of 65 physicians, pharmacists, academics and nurses attended a one-day meeting in March 2010, designed especially for the purpose of this study. The participants were divided into nine round-table discussion sessions. Three major themes were explored in these sessions, including: major factors contributing to medication safety problems, challenges to improving medication safety practice, and participants’ suggestions for improving medication safety. The round-table discussion sessions were videotaped and transcribed verbatim and analyzed by two independent researchers. Results: The round-table discussions revealed that major factors contributing to medication safety problems included unrestricted public access to medications from various hospitals and community pharmacies, communication gaps between healthcare institutions, limited use of important technologies such as computerized provider order entry, and the lack of medication safety programs in hospitals. Challenges to current medication safety practice identiﬁed by participants included underreporting of medication errors and adverse drug reactions, multilingualism and differing backgrounds of healthcare professionals, lack of communication between healthcare providers and patients, and high workloads. Suggestions for improving medication safety practices in Saudi Arabia included continuous education for healthcare professionals and competency assessment focusing on medication safety, development of a culture that encourages medication error and adverse drug reactions reporting, use of technology proven to decrease medication errors, and pro-motion and implementation of national patient safety initiatives. Conclusions: Healthcare professionals have identiﬁed major challenges and opportunities for medication safety in Saudi Arabia. Policy makers and practitioners should consider these factors when designing future programs aimed at improving the safe use of medications.
Preparation and CNBr-Cleavage of azP-labeled Spectrin Complex

In the preceding paper (Sheetz, M. and S. J. Singer. 1977. J. Cell Biol. 73:638646) it was shown that erythrocyte ghosts undergo pronounced shape changes in the presence of Mg-ATP. The biochemical effects of the action of ATP are herein examined. Phosphorylation by ATP of spectrin component 2 of the erythrocyte membrane is known to occur. We have shown that it is the only membrane protein that is significantly phosphorylated under the conditions where the shape changes are produced. The extent of this phosphorylation rises with increasing ATP concentration, reaching nearly 1 mol phosphoryl group per mole of component 2 at 8 mM ATP. Most of this phosphorylation appears to occur at a single site on the protein molecule, according to cyanogen bromide peptide cleavage experiments. The degree of phosphorylation of component 2 is apparently also regulated by a membrane-bound protein phosphatase. This activity can be demonstrated in erythrocyte ghosts prepared from intact cells prelabeled with [~2P]phosphate. In addition to the phosphorylation of component 2, some phosphorylation of lipids, mainly of phosphatidylinositol, is also known to occur. The ghost shape changes are, however, shown to be correlated with the degree of phosphorylation of component 2. In such experiments, the incorporation of exogenous phosphatases into the ghosts reversed the shape changes produced by ATP, or by the membrane-intercalating drug chlorpromazine. The results obtained in this and the preceding paper are consistent with the proposal that the erythrocyte membrane possesses kinase and phosphatase activities which produce phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of a specific site on spectrin component 2 molecules; the steady-state level of this phosphorylation regulates the structural state of the spectrin complex on the cytoplasmic surface of the membrane, which in turn exerts an important control on the shape of the cell. In the previous paper (31) it was shown that erythrocyte ghosts undergo ATP-dependent shape changes, from crenated to disk to cup shape, on incubation in isotonic buffer at 37~ These changes are specific for ATP, other nucleotides being ineffective, and require the cleavage of the terminal phosphate bond of ATP, since AMPPNP does not produce the changes. Evidence was provided that the molecular basis of the ATP action involves the structural state of the spectrin THE JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY 9 VOLUME 73, 1977 9 pages 647-659 647 on A uust 7, 2017 jcb.rress. org D ow nladed fom complex which is a t tached to the membrane . In this paper , we have invest igated the biochemical role of the A T P in these p h e n o m e n a . The A T P could conceivably function as a substrate for an ATPase enzyme, or for a kinase in a phosphorylation react ion. A n u m b e r of different exper iments strongly support the lat ter view, and are consistent with the proposal tha t phosphoryla t ion-dephosphorylat ion reactions involving spectrin component 2 are biochemical events tha t are critical to the regulat ion of the shape of the ghost and the
in Improving Therapeutic of

Introduction: Ginger is a plant that is used as a drug for pain relieving and anti-inflammatory in traditional medicine, but conventional prescribing of it faces serious challenges. One way to overcome these problems is the loading of ginger extract in polymer carriers. The aim of this study was characterization and evaluation of the loading and releasing of ginger extract from hyaluronic acid nanocapsules for medical applications. Methods: In this applied study, ginger extract as a pain-relieving drug was loaded in hyaluronic acid nanocapsules. The hyaluronic acid nanocapsules containing ginger extract were fabricated by emulsion method. The surface morphology, particle size and zeta potential, surface roughness and functional groups on the sample surface were evaluated by field emission electron microscopy (FESEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. The stability and ginger release from nanocapsules were also determined via DLS and HPLC, respectively. The toxicity and fibroblast cells viability of ginger extract encapsulated in hyaluronic acid were evaluated by MTT assay. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16 Software. The t-Student test was performed for statistical comparison of data and statistically significant was P < 0.05. Results: The ginger entrapment efficiency (EE %) in nanocapsules was 74%. The average particle diameter and charge surface of the samples were calculated 413 nm and -10 mV, respectively. The negative charge of samples showed the stability of samples without agglomeration. Therefore, the surface morphology of the samples was observed as relatively spherical particles. In vitro test showed 95% fibroblast cell growth and proliferation on nanocapsules compared to the control sample (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The hyaluronic acid nanocapsules have a great potential for delivery of ginger extract in the area of pain and inflammation.
Efficient Image Recovery for Enhancement Using Hadoop MapReduce Techniques

: The mass development of social media network and increased computational power, solving most of the resource concentrated problems like Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis could to able to solved with minimum effort. On the other hand, the quantity of image being uploaded in the Internet sites is increasing rapidly. Example: Facebook users uploading over 2.5 billion new photos every month [1]. Since the images are being shared in different ways, people start compressing the images to reduce the huge amount of memory space. This compression leads to data loss (pixel) in images which affects the quality of the images. Most of the recent computer applications use a small number of input images because of the difficulty in acquiring resources and storage options for processing large amount of data to enhance the quality of the image. For solving processing tasks involving data of this quantity, there are many MapReduce model of distributed processing of which Apache Hadoop is the most prevalent open source employment. It is know that using MapReduce model is a good solution for many problems; it is unknown that how the suitability of this model will work with regards to image processing. The work explains here explores the feasibility of using this technology for enhancing the image through recovery process.
Workshop Collaborative City

: This paper describes a workshop that will explore the social and sustainable dimensions of cities based on the concept of a Collaborative City, that is, a city with kernels of creativity, which are constituted by: social services, artistic and economic activities; a city where local authorities create opportunities for citizens participation, bottom-up creativity and collaborative services. This collaborative city is a place where people interact and enact creating a symbiosis of activities that promote sustainable lifestyles, an active citizenship, social inclusion, cultural diversity and new economic models. We will guide a design exercise on which participants – after an introduction on these topics and case studies description (case history) - will go through a brainstorming session, generating possible solutions in the framework of a concept identity for Chicago as a collaborative city. Afterwards, it will be developed a scenario building, defining specific frameworks to tackle over and choose, in a strategic way, the most relevant scenario(s) to be developed. This will lead us to the next phase (concept generation), making participants think about and develop a specific solution.
Nonoffending Parent Expectations of Sexually Abused Children: Nonoffending Parent Expectations of Sexually Abused Children: Predictive Factors and Influence on Children’s Recovery Predictive Factors and Influence on Children’s Recovery

This study examined the influence of parental expectations on the function ing of sexually abused children. Participants included 67 sexually abused youth and 63 of their nonoffending primary caregivers. Parental expectations about how sexual abuse will impact children were predictive of parents’ ratings of children’s behavior at pretreatment, while parental expectations of children’s overall future functioning were not predictive of parents’ ratings of children’s behavior. Parental expectations about how sexual abuse will impact their children and about their children’s overall future functioning were not predictive of parents’ ratings of children’s behavior at posttreatment. Results highlight the influential role the sexual abuse label has in shaping parental expectations about children’s functioning. Recommendations for research and intervention are discussed. goals: (a) to examine the relationship of parental expectations (i.e., parental expectations about their children’s future functioning and future symptomatology based on the child’s history of sexual abuse) with the children’s emotional and behavioral functioning prior to treatment, and (b) to examine the relationship of pretreatment parent expectations with their children’s emotional and behavioral functioning posttreatment. Flood, & Hansen, 2002; Sawyer et al., 2005). Results demonstrate posttreatment improve-ments in child behavior and functioning per parent report. Children also reported decreased anxiety, posttraumatic stress symptoms, maladaptive abuse attributions, negative perceptions of social reactions, and increased basic sexual knowledge after treatment. In general, treatment gains were maintained three months after completion. Subjective evaluations by parent and child participants revealed that treatment goals, procedures, and outcomes were acceptable, relevant, and helpful to the families.
Review On the mechanistic basis of deformation at the microscale in hexagonal close-packed metals

This is an overview of micromechanical deformation mechanisms in hexagonal close-packed metals. We start with an in-depth discussion of single-crystal behaviour concerning crystallographic slip, plastic anisotropy and deformation twinning. We move on to discuss some complexities involved in polycrystalline deformation and modelling approaches, focusing on rate effects in titanium alloys that are thought to play a signiﬁcant role in dwell fatigue. We ﬁnish our review with a brief commentary on current understanding and state-of-the-art techniques, and outline some key areas where further study is recommended. For (cid:2) a 2 (cid:3) basal slip, no dislocation pile-ups are observed at α – β interfaces, but for thicker β laths dense pile-ups of dislocations are observed at the exit α – β interface, suggesting relatively easy (cid:2) a 2 (cid:3) transmission within the β phase, but difﬁculty in exiting of (cid:2) b 2 (cid:3) dislocations from the β phase at the α – β interface. For (cid:2) a 3 (cid:3) basal slip, large pile-ups of near-edge (cid:2) a 3 (cid:3) dislocations are observed in the α phase at the α – β interfaces, showing the large resistance to slip developed at the β laths for (cid:2) a 3 (cid:3) basal slip.
Modulation of Tactile Discrimination by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Sensory features such as frequency of the vibrotactile stimulus are differently encoded in primary (S1) and secondary (S2) somatosensory cortices. Even though many human studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) or electrocorticography (ECoG) have found the general synchronization of brain activity or high frequency oscillatory activities associated with the vibrotactile perception, the activities of the multiple oscillatory bands in two somatosensory cortices and their functional roles still remain to be investigated. Therefore, in the current study, we aimed to demonstrate the effects of triple TMS pulses over S1 or S2 on tactile performance as well as on neural activity. In addition, we verified the different contribution of S1 and S2 to processing the frequency of vibrotactile stimulus. In two alternative forced choice task, 53 healthy participants were asked to determine whether the deviant stimulus has a higher
An Overview of Switching Solutions for Wired Industrial Ethernet

—Industrial Ethernet is the preferred network technology in industrial green ﬁeld deployments. Active devices interconnecting the nodes are switches. In an industrial deployment, nodes are typically located on the same Layer 2 network. Routers or ﬁrewalls are almost exclusively used at the network edges. The current trend on engineering of industrial devices is to include an embedded Ethernet switch, instead of using discrete units. This paper is giving an overview on switch implementation possibilities, with respect to performance, features, logical architecture and ﬂexibility.
Multivariate Lorenz Majorization and Heterogeneity Measures: An Axiomatic Approach

Abstract This work introduces two new curves that are multivariate generalizations of the “classical” Lorenz curve. All data of d-variate distributions can be visualized by drawing these curves in the plane, whereas Koshevoy’s and Mosler’s generalization by a lift zonoid in ℝd+1 can only be drawn for d = 2. The generalizations of the Lorenz curve induce partial orderings of d-variate distributions. Furthermore, two inequality or heterogeneity measures that are consistent with the induced rankings are proposed. They can be considered as new generalizations of the univariate Gini coefficient. For deciding which of the two measures is more appropriate for measuring a sort of convergence concerning different countries of an union or of regions of a country, we establish systems of axioms. Although these systems are reflecting natural properties, several of the axioms are new. Moreover, by means of these axioms well- known inequality measures are tested, too.
W IDE VS . N ARROW T AX B ASES UNDER O PTIMAL I NVESTMENT T IMING

This article compares an ACE system with a CBIT system in an open economy. Using a real-option approach we show that, if a firm can decide when to invest, a tradeoff is found. According to traditional wisdom, a high-income firm investing in an ACE system faces a heavier tax burden at each instant. On the other hand, it finds it optimal to invest earlier, thereby enjoying a longer stream of income. If, given the same tax burden, the latter effect is great enough, the firm will prefer the ACE system. In this article we also run a simulation which shows that preference for an ACE system is a realistic result.