Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Minimum Cost Feeding of Dairy Cows in Northern Victoria

A new era of water scarcity has changed past patterns of feeding dairy cows in northern Victoria. This paper derives a model for estimating least-cost feeding of dairy cows under a range of assumptions regarding prices for irrigation water, hay and feed grain. The cost-minimisation is subject to a variety of nutritional constraints, including seasonal provision of energy, fibre and protein. It is found that the optimal feeding regime varies considerable with input prices, from an irrigated pasture-based system to a diet based much more on bought-in hay and feed grain. This change broadly mimics that which has taken place in the region over the current extended period of drought. Output from the linear programming model is used to estimate the CES substitution parameter between water and the other inputs. This parameter is estimated at 0.7, significantly higher than the 0.2 originally used.
Carbon and oxygen isotope records from Paleosols spanning the Paleocene-Eocene boundary, Bighorn Basin, Wyoming

The isotopic composition of paleosol carbonate and organic matter were investigated in the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming to explore changes in the carbon cycle and climate across the Paleocene-Eocene boundary. In three different measured sections, soil carbonate δ 13 C values change in phase with marine surface water carbonates on both long (∼7 m.y.) and short (∼100 k.y.) time scales. The carbon cycle perturbations at the Paleocene-Eocene Boundary Thermal Maximum (PETM) and the Eocene Warm Interval (EWI) are recorded in multiple sections, providing unambiguous links between marine and continental deposits. The PETM and EWI δ 13 C excursions in the Bighorn Basin are larger than those in the surface ocean, but the reasons for this amplification are unclear. Organic matter samples from the Bighorn Basin yield noisy δ 13 C records that do not mirror global changes, perhaps due to diagenetic alteration or postformational contamination. The δ 18 O values of soil carbonate are subject to multiple climatic influences that are often antagonistic. Although the δ 18 O shifts at the PETM and EWI are small, the shift at the PETM is statistically significant in two of the measured sections. Assuming a plausible range of values for the meteoric water δ 18 O/mean annual temperature relationship, the perturbation in soil carbonate δ 18 O at the PETM is consistent with an increase in meteoric water δ 18 O of ∼2‰ and changes in local temperature of 3–7 °C.
THE PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF NEOTECTONIC MOVEMENT AND DYNAMIC EVOLUTION IN THE SOUTHERN DIWA REGION OF SOUTH CHINA SEA

According to the environment of lithospheric dynamic in the southern Diwa of the South China Sea, the neotectonism is classified into divergence, convergence, strike-slip and gliding types. And its tectonic evolution and dynamic model of the southern Diwa region of the South China Sea is preliminarily discussed.
Rapid Colloidal Gold Immunoassay for Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Vancomycin in the Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma of Beagle Dogs

Vancomycin (VAN), a glycopeptide antibiotic, is the preferred therapeutic agent for treating Gram-positive bacteria. Rapid and precise quantification of VAN levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma is crucial for optimized drug administration, particularly among elderly patients. Herein, we introduce a novel clinical test strip utilizing colloidal gold competitive immunoassay technology for the expedient detection of VAN. This test strip enables the detection of VAN concentrations in clinical samples such as plasma within 10 min and has a limit of detection of 10.3 ng/mL, with an inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) value of 44.5 ng/mL. Furthermore, we used the test strip for pharmacokinetic analysis of VAN in the CSF and plasma of beagle dogs. Our results provide valuable insights into the fluctuations of the drug concentration in the CSF and plasma over a 24 h period after a single intravenous dose of 12 mg/kg. The test strip results were compared with the results obtained via liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry methods, and the measured VAN concentrations in the CSF and plasma via both of the methods showed excellent agreement.
EXPLORING CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND LOYALTY IN THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

In the telecommunications industry, renowned for its customer-centric approach, this research delves into the vital connection between customer satisfaction and loyalty. The study comprehensively reviews existing literature, drawing insights from diverse geographical regions. This meticulous analysis uncovers both common threads and disparities within the current body of research, providing valuable guidance for scholars and researchers navigating the intricate landscape of customer satisfaction and loyalty within the telecom sector. Additionally, the review illuminates the evolving definitions of customer loyalty, ranging from observable behaviours to profound commitment, while delineating three distinct approaches to measurement. This systematic exploration underscores the contemporary shift in business strategy, highlighting the transition from a focus on customer acquisition to one centred on retention, ultimately reaffirming the pivotal role of customer loyalty in today's business landscape.
Additive-Free Method for Enhancing the Volume Phase Transition Rate in Light-Responsive Hydrogels: A Study of Micro-Nano Bubble Water on PNIPAM-co-AAc Hydrogels

Light-responsive hydrogels containing light-thermal convertible pigments have received interest for their possible applications in light-responsive shutters, valves, drug delivery systems, etc. However, their utility is limited by the slow response time. In this study, we investigated the use of micro-nano bubble water as a preparation solvent to accelerate the volume phase transition kinetics of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (PNIPAM-co-AAc) hydrogels. The hydrogels were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and dissolved oxygen (DO) measurements. The mechanical properties, surface morphology, and chemical composition of the hydrogels were analyzed by Young’s modulus measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, respectively. The results showed that hydrogels prepared with bubble water changed the volume transition rate by more than two orders of magnitude by simply changing the standing time of the bubble water for only a few hours. The cooperative diffusion coefficients obtained from the light-induced volume transition kinetics correlated linearly with Young’s modulus and metastable state swelling ratio. Our results suggest that bubbles act as efficient water channels, thereby modulating the response rate and providing a simple, additive-free method for preparing hydrogels with a wide range of response rates.
The Therapeutic Potential of Amphetamine-like Psychostimulants

This review delves into the therapeutic applications of amphetamine-type stimulants such as lisdexamphetamine dimesylate, mixed amphetamine salts, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), dextroamphetamine, and phentermine. These compounds have been investigated for their potential in treating a range of psychiatric disorders, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), drug dependence, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and obesity. Lisdexamphetamine dimesylate has shown promise in effectively treating ADHD symptoms in both children and adults. Additionally, it has been explored as a potential treatment for drug dependency and withdrawal, demonstrating encouraging results. Mixed amphetamine salts have also exhibited efficacy in reducing ADHD symptoms in adults. Future research should explore their potential use in treating bipolar disorder and cocaine dependence, considering the associated risks and benefits. MDMA-assisted psychotherapy has emerged as an innovative approach to treating PTSD, leading to sustained reductions in symptoms and even promoting post-traumatic growth. Furthermore, it has shown promise in managing anxiety related to life-threatening illnesses. Dextroamphetamine and phentermine have demonstrated efficacy in treating cocaine and opioid dependence, ADHD, and obesity. However, careful consideration and monitoring by medical professionals are essential due to the potential risks and benefits associated with them. In conclusion, amphetamine-type stimulants present a promising avenue for therapeutic interventions in various psychiatric conditions. Nevertheless, further research is necessary to comprehensively understand their mechanisms of action, dosage requirements, and long-term effects in different patient populations.
Detection of regions of interest in a high-spatial-resolution remote sensing image based on an adaptive spatial subsampling visual attention model

Traditional prior-knowledge-based region of interest (ROI) detection methods for processing high-resolution remote sensing images generally use global searching, which largely leads to prohibitive computational complexity. As an attempt to solve this problem, in the present study, a faster, more efficient ROI detection algorithm based on an adaptive spatial subsampling visual attention model (ASS-VA) is proposed. In the ASS-VA model, a visual attention mechanism is used to avoid applying image segmentation and feature detection to the entire image. The adaptive spatial subsampling strategy is formulated to decrease the computational complexity of ROI detection. A discrete moment transform (DMT) feature is extracted to provide a finer description of the edges. In addition, a region growing strategy is employed to obtain more accurate shape information of ROIs. Experimental results show that the time spent on detection using the new algorithm is only 2-4% of that expended in the traditional visual attention model and the detection results are visually more accurate.
Medicinal footprint of the population of the Rhine basin

The relation between pharmaceutical residues along the river Rhine and the demographic characteristics of the upstream population was studied. A sampling campaign was performed in which water samples from the Rhine were taken at 42 locations. Measurements were compared to a two parameter model with regional demographic data as main input. For 12 out of the 21 studied pharmaceuticals, a significant dominant demographic group could be identified. For 3 out of these 12 pharmaceuticals the male elderly were the most contributing demographic group. A Monte Carlo analysis showed a high level of significance for the results of this study (p < 0.01). By combining environmental water quality data and demographic data, better insight was gained in the interplay between humans and their environment, showing the medicinal footprint of the population of the Rhine basin.
Traveling virtually amid the pandemic: antecedents and moderating effects of past visitation experience

ABSTRACT This study employed the Technology Acceptance Model and the Technology Readiness Index to investigate consumers’ attitudes toward virtual tourism in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Nine hypotheses were developed to examine the antecedents of virtual tourism and the moderating effects of previous destination visitation experiences. Our study identified perceived usefulness and innovativeness as the most potent predictors of attitudes towards virtual tourism. Furthermore, optimism, insecurity, and perceived ease-of-use were found to have varying effects on the attitudes towards virtual tourism among individuals with and without prior visitation experience. These findings present significant theoretical and practical implications.
AlphaFold Blindness to Topological Barriers Affects Its Ability to Correctly Predict Proteins’ Topology

AlphaFold is a groundbreaking deep learning tool for protein structure prediction. It achieved remarkable accuracy in modeling many 3D structures while taking as the user input only the known amino acid sequence of proteins in question. Intriguingly though, in the early steps of each individual structure prediction procedure, AlphaFold does not respect topological barriers that, in real proteins, result from the reciprocal impermeability of polypeptide chains. This study aims to investigate how this failure to respect topological barriers affects AlphaFold predictions with respect to the topology of protein chains. We focus on such classes of proteins that, during their natural folding, reproducibly form the same knot type on their linear polypeptide chain, as revealed by their crystallographic analysis. We use partially artificial test constructs in which the mutual non-permeability of polypeptide chains should not permit the formation of complex composite knots during natural protein folding. We find that despite the formal impossibility that the protein folding process could produce such knots, AlphaFold predicts these proteins to form complex composite knots. Our study underscores the necessity for cautious interpretation and further validation of topological features in protein structures predicted by AlphaFold.
A review of pedestrian pose recognition in cross-passages in public places

In recent years, pedestrian stampede accidents in cross-passages of large public places occurred frequently, as an inevitable issue in the area of public security. Abnormal behaviors is one of factors leading to pedestrian stampedes. To recognize behaviors, pedestrian pose recognition is introduced as a hot research topic in the fields of deep learning and computer vision, and has developed into a vibrant research field with various real-world applications, such as human-computer interaction, animation, 3D reconstruction, and abnormal behavior detection. This study reviews literatures related with human pose recognition to pedestrian merging areas such as cross-passage in public places. By detecting abnormal pedestrian behaviors such as falling or crowding, potential accidents in densely crowded areas, such as stampedes, can be prevented, thereby improving public safety. Then, we systematically introduce the methods of pedestrian pose recognition in cross-passage in public places from the perspective of pose estimation and behavior recognition, focusing on the research progress and advantages and disadvantages of each recognition method. Finally, the outlook on challenging issues and future development trends of the pose recognition research is drawn out.
Community's knowledge and attitude of pre-operative fasting in kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 2022

To reduce the risk of pulmonary aspiration, fasting before general anesthesia is essential. Studies reported that despite that traditional “NPO (nothing by mouth) after midnight” regulations are being liberalized, noncompliance with NPO status is still a threat to patient safety and may result in delays of elective surgical procedures, reduce the efficiency of ambulatory surgery setting, and compromise patient safety. This study aimed to assess the community’s knowledge of preoperative fasting, as well as their attitudes toward preoperative fasting in Saudi Arabia.This is a cross-sectional study conducted among the Saudi general population. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed among the targeted population using an online surgery. The questionnaire includes socio-demographic data (i.e., age, gender, education, etc.) and a 12-item questionnaire to measure the knowledge and attitude toward preoperative fasting. The result of 4257 participants was recruited, 67.2% were females and 39.3% were aged between 18 to 24 years old. The prevalence of participants who had surgery that required anesthesia was 48.9%. The overall mean knowledge score was 4.80 (standard deviation (SD) 2.36) out of 12 points. 60.1% were considered poor knowledge, 38.3% were moderate and only 1.6% were considered good knowledge levels. Factors associated with increased knowledge were being older in age, female gender, living in Northern Region, and having undergone surgery that required anesthesia. The level of knowledge among the general population regarding the importance of fasting before the surgery was inadequate. Older females who were living in the Northern Region and who previously received general anesthesia during their previous operation were more likely to demonstrate better knowledge about preoperative fasting as compared to the rest of the groups. More research is needed to determine the level of und
Use of comprehensive genomic profiling for biomarker discovery for the management of non-small cell lung cancer brain metastases

Background Clinical biomarkers for brain metastases remain elusive. Increased availability of genomic profiling has brought discovery of these biomarkers to the forefront of research interests. Method In this single institution retrospective series, 130 patients presenting with brain metastasis secondary to Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) underwent comprehensive genomic profiling conducted using next generation circulating tumor deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (Guardant Health, Redwood City, CA). A total of 77 genetic mutation identified and correlated with nine clinical outcomes using appropriate statistical tests (general linear models, Mantel-Haenzel Chi Square test, and Cox proportional hazard regression models). For each outcome, a genetic signature composite score was created by summing the total genes wherein genes predictive of a clinically unfavorable outcome assigned a positive score, and genes with favorable clinical outcome assigned negative score. Results Seventy-two genes appeared in at least one gene signature including: 14 genes had only unfavorable associations, 36 genes had only favorable associations, and 22 genes had mixed effects. Statistically significant associated signatures were found for the clinical endpoints of brain metastasis velocity, time to distant brain failure, lowest radiosurgery dose, extent of extracranial metastatic disease, concurrent diagnosis of brain metastasis and NSCLC, number of brain metastases at diagnosis as well as distant brain failure. Some genes were solely associated with multiple favorable or unfavorable outcomes. Conclusion Genetic signatures were derived that showed strong associations with different clinical outcomes in NSCLC brain metastases patients. While these data remain to be validated, they may have prognostic and/or therapeutic impact in the future. Statement of translation relevance Using Liquid biopsy in NSCLC brain metastases patients, the genetic signatures identified in this series are associated with multiple clinical outcomes particularly these ones that lead to early or more numerous metastases. These findings can be reverse-translated in laboratory studies to determine if they are part of the genetic pathway leading to brain metastasis formation.
On the Miocene Fossils of Haiti

A very important memoir “On the Topography and Geology of Santo Domingo” has recently been published by Professor Gabb. Whatever tends to elucidate the geology of the island of Haiti must of course contribute to our knowledge of West-Indian and American geology generally, and may also throw further light upon some of the problems connected therewith which have not as yet been solved. Santo Domingo is a republic occupying two thirds of the Island of Haiti. A very large portion of the territory comprised within its boundaries has been geologically surveyed and mapped out by Prof. Gabb and his assistants. The formations examined by them are classified as Postpliocene, Miocene, and Cretaceous. Eruptive rocks are also developed to a largo extent. It is not my intention to speak of the geological part of Prof. Gabb's labours. That could only be done usefully by those acquainted with the country and conversant with its structure. My present business is with the palæontological portion of the work. The Geological Society possesses the first regular collection of fossil Tertiary shells and corals made in Haiti, and, indeed, I might almost say, in the West Indies. This collection contains the types of the species described by Sowerby for Mr. Carrick Moore, and by Prof. Duncan. I have from time to time, when treating of the West-Indian Tertiary rocks and fossils, alluded to the fact that several of the species contained in that collection were unnamed. Most of those species have now been described by Prof.
Digital Content Marketing Influences People to Visit Tourist Destinations

Tourism uses the digital marketing concept and produces digital content marketing (DCM) to communicate services that aim to increase visits to tourist destinations in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine DCM’s effectiveness in influencing tourist visits in Indonesia. It adopted the uses and gratification theory, the AISAS marketing communication model, as well as self-brand connection and experience variables. Furthermore, a survey was used with a quantitative approach involving 200 respondents selected using a non-probability sampling technique. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed in data analysis with partial least squares (PLS) software. The results showed that DCM containing information about a tourist destination, as well as an invitation to visit a destination, attracts the attention of consumers. In this case, consumers need to find information through websites and social media. Moreover, DCM that prioritizes content designed to the intended consumers’ self-concept cannot help consumers seek information about a tourist destination. Therefore, the invitation to visit is also attractive and makes consumers seek information through websites and social media.
GAS ESCAPE STRUCTURES IN PRECAMBRIAN PERITIDAL CARBONATE ROCKS

Sub-vertical tubular structures from the lower Nama Group are described and compared with similar examples from the Damara Sequence of Namibia and from the Noonday Dolomite of California. At all localities the country rocks are light grey, peritidal cryptalgallaminated dolomite. The structures, 0,5 to 2,5 cm in diameter, are circular to oval in cross-section, their length varies between 0,1m and possibly several metres. The pipes were filled either immediately with carbonate mud or small framents of surrounding laminites, or at a later stage with chert and/or coarse sparite; some even remained open. The tubes are orientated vertically to the paleohorizon and flatlying lamination or at an angle to the lamination on the flanks of algal buildups. From their common environment it is inferred that the structures are facies-dependent. The shape of the pipes and composition of their fillings, as well as a comparison with modern, intermittently exposed shallow water sediment, suggest that they are gas- and water-escape structures. Gas is formed by the decay of the algal mats during low tide, while water could playa subsidiary role in generating high pressure.
The shift toward autonomous European inland waterway shipping: Identifying the gaps in the emerging socio-technical system

The introduction of automated solutions for inland waterways shipping supports the European vision for a sustainable and greener shift within maritime management and logistics. Despite increasing investments, impressive technological advancements, and active discussion to solve the regulatory and business model barriers, socio-technical aspects are still less studied in the preparation for the future of autonomous shipping. This study examines stakeholder and technology roles to map the gaps and challenges created in this emerging space using a system theory approach, specifically a recently developed work design system analysis tool named Change Agent Infrastructure (CHAI) analysis [1]. This framework was chosen to better understand the likely changes of the system with the introduction of automated technology and higher degrees of automation and digitalization in the European inland waterways. The analysis identifies that there are multiple receivers of the change and regulatory bodies will also be actors with considerable responsibilities to direct these changes.