Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A narrative review of deep learning in thyroid imaging: current progress and future prospects

Background and Objective Deep learning (DL) has contributed substantially to the evolution of image analysis by unlocking increased data and computational power. These DL algorithms have further facilitated the growing trend of implementing precision medicine, particularly in areas of diagnosis and therapy. Thyroid imaging, as a routine means to screening for thyroid diseases on large-scale populations, is a massive data source for the development of DL models. Thyroid disease is a global health problem and involves structural and functional changes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the general rules and future directions of DL networks in thyroid medical image analysis through a review of original articles published between 2018 and 2023. Methods We searched for English-language articles published between April 2018 and September 2023 in the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The keywords used in the search included artificial intelligence or DL, thyroid diseases, and thyroid nodule or thyroid carcinoma. Key Content and Findings The computer vision tasks of DL in thyroid imaging included classification, segmentation, and detection. The current applications of DL in clinical workflow were found to mainly include management of thyroid nodules/carcinoma, risk evaluation of thyroid cancer metastasis, and discrimination of functional thyroid diseases. Conclusions DL is expected to enhance the quality of thyroid images and provide greater precision in the assessment of thyroid images. Specifically, DL can increase the diagnostic accuracy of thyroid diseases and better inform clinical decision-making.
The Seismic Responses and Its Doppler Effects of Moving Aircraft Caused by Acoustic-Seismic Coupling

When the acoustic waves interact with the ground, seismic waves can be generated. These seismic waves are influenced by the incident angles of acoustic waves and the near-surface seismic-wave velocities. To understand the acoustic-seismic coupling signals, we designed a hard-stratum model (where the transverse wave of the subsurface velocity is higher than acoustic wave velocity) and a soft-stratum model (where the transverse wave of the subsurface velocity is lower than acoustic wave velocity) for acoustic-seismic signals simulation. We employed the hybrid Galerkin method to simulate the acoustic-seismic signals generated by moving acoustic sources. We then validated the existence of Rayleigh and evanescent waves induced by the acoustic-seismic coupling process. Even in high-attenuation subsurfaces, relatively high-amplitude seismic waves can still be received underground at a depth of 200 m. When the transverse wave of the subsurface velocity is greater than the acoustic wave velocity, the surface geophone detects four kinds of seismic waves: longitudinal, transverse, Rayleigh, and evanescent waves. We could successfully capture the Doppler frequency shift phenomenon in both the generated seismic waves and acoustic waves. Moreover, the velocities of both these waves can influence the shape of the Doppler curves.
Cancer Spheroids Embedded in Tissue-Engineered Skin Substitutes: A New Method to Study Tumorigenicity In Vivo

Tumorigenic assays are used during a clinical translation to detect the transformation potential of cell-based therapies. One of these in vivo assays is based on the separate injection of each cell type to be used in the clinical trial. However, the injection method requires many animals and several months to obtain useful results. In previous studies, we showed the potential of tissue-engineered skin substitutes (TESs) as a model for normal skin in which cancer cells can be included in vitro. Herein, we showed a new method to study tumorigenicity, using cancer spheroids that were embedded in TESs (cTES) and grafted onto athymic mice, and compared it with the commonly used cell injection assay. Tumors developed in both models, cancer cell injection and cTES grafting, but metastases were not detected at the time of sacrifice. Interestingly, the rate of tumor development was faster in cTESs than with the injection method. In conclusion, grafting TESs is a sensitive method to detect tumor cell growth with and could be developed as an alternative test for tumorigenicity.
Effects of Elevating Zinc Supplementation on the Health and Production Parameters of High-Producing Dairy Cows

Simple Summary Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace mineral required for milk production and maintaining the optimal health of dairy cows. The current nutrient requirement models (e.g., NASEM (2021)) predict the dietary Zn requirement of dairy cows to be 60 mg/kg of dry matter (DM), based on the milk production and dry matter intake (DMI) of cows. North American farmers, however, supplement Zn at a higher rate of 76 mg/kg of DM, and a meta-analysis demonstrated that even higher Zn supplementation at 100 mg/kg of DM could improve udder health. In this study, increasing the dietary Zn supplementation from 76 to around 97 mg/kg of DM decreased the DMI by about 1.0 kg/d, but it improved the post-peak milk yield, which was associated with an increased milk protein yield and decreased somatic cell count in milk. Overall, the data highlight the possibility of improving the udder health and milk yield persistency by increasing the organic Zn supplementation well above the current recommendations. Because milk yield persistence and low somatic cell counts have critical implications for economic viability and animal well-being, Zn supplementation will directly affect the overall sustainability of dairy production. Abstract This study’s objective was to determine the effects of increasing the dietary added zinc (Zn) on the milk production, milk somatic cell count (SCC), and immunoglobulin and antioxidant marker concentrations in the blood of dairy cows. Twelve Holstein cows (67 ± 2.5 days in milk) were assigned randomly to (1) a diet containing Zn–methionine at 76 mg/kg of DM (CTL) or (2) CTL top-dressed with about 21 mg/kg of DM extra Zn–methionine (+Zn) for 70 d. The concentrations of reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) glutathione, malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and immunoglobulins in the blood were measured on d 0, 35, and 70. Compared to CTL, +Zn decreased the dry matter intake (DMI) throughout the trial and the milk yield (MY) during the first phase of feeding (0–35 d). It, however, increased the milk yield during the last phase (36–70 d). The +Zn tended to have lower and greater milk protein yields than CTL during the first and last feeding phases, respectively. The +Zn tended to decrease the SCC and was associated with lower plasma GSH: GSSG and lower serum SOD concentrations relative to CTL. The +Zn did not affect the immunoglobulins, MDA, or CAT. Despite the early DMI and MY reduction, the prolonged Zn–methionine supplementation at about 100 mg/kg of DM improved the milk yield, possibly as a result of the improved udder health of dairy cows.
China's special economic zones : are they still 'special' after China's accession to the WTO?

The policy of ‘reform and opening’ has brought drastic changes in the Chinese economy and society. One of the most important changes has been the establishment of Special Economic Zones (SEZs), which were designed to experiment with different market economy reforms and to act as the engine of growth in the country. These zones were granted several privileges, which in turn gave the SEZs full control of their own economy and were able to build up their local industry and develop strong economic capabilities. Nevertheless, many of those privileges were inconsistent with WTO Agreements, and since China’s accession into that organization the SEZs have been dismantling those privileges. Each step in China’s compliance with international standards precipitated changes and ripples throughout the SEZs’ legal structure. Nevertheless, the aim was to enter in order to induce and facilitate more investment within a sound environment. The WTO accession and implementation added momentum to a further opening up of China’s SEZs. Even though the biggest challenge for the SEZs was to adapt to universal principles, there is evidence of the use of particularistic contracting in the revised, amended or passed laws after WTO accession to facilitate compliance with WTO principles. Using this approach was prudent not only for the SEZs, but also allowed China’s legislative and administrative sectors to retain the flexibility to decide China’s own ways and pace for the implementation of the WTO Agreements. Overall trade and investment reform after China’s accession to the WTO has been positive for the SEZs, even though their original privileges have been eroded. In terms of policy, the SEZs have been a useful tool as part of an overall economic growth strategy to enhance industry competitiveness and attract FDI. Important aspects of the business environment of the SEZs have also been improved. Their rapid economic growth, their economic and political stability and commitment to market oriented reform have proven that the SEZs took concrete steps to achieve the best possible outcome.
Experimental and simulation analysis for insulation deterioration and partial discharge currents in nanocomposites of power cables

Partial discharge (PD) has a well-established relationship with the lifespan of power cables. This paper has been treated the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with specified nanoparticles for enhancing dielectric degradation and reducing partial discharge current to extending lifespan of power cables. It has been succeeded to creation new polyvinyl chloride nanocomposites that have been synthesized experimentally via using solution-gel (SOL-GEL) technique and have high featured electric and dielectric properties. The validation of nanoparticles penetration inside polyvinyl chloride during synthesis process have been constructed and tested via scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. The partial discharge current mechanisms in polyvinyl chloride nanocomposites have also been simulated in this work by using MATLAB® software. This paper has explored the characterization of partial discharge current for variant void patterns (air, water, rubber impurity) in polyvinyl chloride nanocomposites insulations of power cables to clarify the benefit of filling different nanoparticles (Clay, MgO, ZnO, and BaTiO3) with varied patterns inside power cables dielectrics. A comparative study has been done for different partial discharges patterns to propose characterization of partial discharges using nanoparticles of appropriate types and concentrations.
Timing the Tide: The Impact of Rebalancing Periods in Momentum Investing in Indian Equities

The frequency of rebalancing is a critical aspect of momentum portfolios with substantial implications for returns and risk. This paper, the final instalment of our trilogy of papers, examines portfolios derived from universe sizes of 200, 500, and 750 stocks, with holdings of 15, 30, and 50, across four weighting schemes over varying rebalancing intervals of 1, 2, 3, and 6 months on returns, risks, factor exposures, and other metrics. The critical finding of the study is that shorter rebalancing periods capture the effect of academic momentum more effectively. This insight is significant for its implications on strategy optimisation, particularly in the vibrant and evolving context of Indian equity markets. The paper contributes to academic and practical aspects of momentum investing, addressing a literature gap, and offering guidance for investment managers and DIY investors navigating momentum strategies.
Effective Duration of Auditory Training for Speech Perception in Hearing-Impaired Listeners: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis to determine the effective duration of auditory training for hearing aid users and cochlear implant users and to identify factors that influence the effectiveness of auditory training.Methods: We searched literature published from January 1996 to August 2021 in Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library. A total of 24 studies that met the selection criteria were systematically reviewed and analyzed through meta-analysis. Standardized mean differences and 95% confidence intervals were calculated.Results: The overall meta-analysis results for auditory training showed an effect size of -0.833, and the effect size was larger in “more than 600 minutes of auditory training” compared to “less than 600 minutes”. There was no statistically significant difference in effect size during follow-up observation after the completion of auditory training, with an effect size of 0.057 (95% CI: -0.113-0.112, p=0.988). Subgroup analysis showed that the effect size was larger in the “children” group than in the “adult” group. The effect size of auditory training was larger when the auditory training and measurement conditions were the same.Conclusions: Auditory training can improve speech perception in individuals wearing HA and/or CI, and the training effect was shown to be maintained even after the completion of auditory training. In addition, it was found that the longer the duration of auditory training (more than 10 hours), the greater the training effect.
Global Banks, Local Crises: Bad News from Argentina

Banking crises have been a recurrent phenomenon in Latin America over the past few decades. Some have argued that the internationalization of the banking sector has ushered in a new era: what used to be systemic risk from the perspective of local banks with undiversified portfolios might no longer be systemic from the standpoint of large international banks. ; Argentina's experience shows that the presence of international banks was not enough to prevent local banking crises and sizable losses to depositors. The "bad news" from Argentina, this article argues, is that depositors in emerging markets may not reap the full benefits of international portfolio diversification because international banks have limited liability, at least under some circumstances-for instance, when the local government heavily intervenes in the banking system. The authors emphasize that while the limited-liability feature of international banks may seem bad ex post-and, of course, it is from the perspective of Argentine depositors-this feature may well be desirable, perhaps even necessary, ex ante. ; The article first presents evidence of the globalization of the banking sector in Latin America and the dramatic increase of the phenomenon in the late nineties. After reviewing the literature on the pros and cons of international banks in emerging markets, the authors focus on the legal issues behind the limited-liability feature. The authors examine the new evidence that Argentina's recent experiences provide and conclude by analyzing the pros and cons of the limited-liability feature.
Novel Thiazolidinedione and Rhodanine Derivatives Regulate Glucose Metabolism, Improve Insulin Sensitivity, and Activate the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated γ Receptor

Sixteen novel thiazolidinedione (TZD) and rhodanine (RD) derivatives were designed and synthesized by introducing a pyrimidine moiety at different sites of pioglitazone’s structure. The effects of synthesized compounds on regulating glucose metabolism, improving insulin sensitivity, and activating the peroxisome proliferator-activated γ receptor (PPAR-γ) were evaluated in βTC6 cells. Compounds TZDs # 7a, 7b, 7c, and 29 reduced the basal insulin secretion by ∼20.0–67.0% and increased insulin secretion stimulated by glucose by ∼25.0–50.0% compared to control. Compounds TZDs # 14 and 21 and RDs # 33a–b and 33d–f increased basal insulin secretion by ∼20.0–100.0%, while its glucose-stimulated secretion remained unchanged. These findings suggested that the former compounds can act as antihypoglycemic during fasting and antihyperglycemic during postprandial conditions. The latter compounds should be administered before meals to avoid their hypoglycemic effect. Additionally, both TZDs and RDs improved insulin sensitivity by increasing glucose uptake by 17.0–155.0% relative to control. In silico molecular docking of synthesized drugs onto the PPAR-γ structure revealed exothermic binding modes through hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, and π–π stacking with binding affinities of −6.02 to −9.70 kcal/mol. Insights into the structure–activity relationship revealed that the introduction of pyrimidine linked to sulfonyl or peptide groups accounted for increased antidiabetic activity. These results demonstrated novel TZDs and RDs with high potency in stimulating insulin secretion, enhancing insulin sensitivity, and activating PPAR-γ relative to pioglitazone. They are recommended for further development as potential antidiabetic agents.
Online entrepreneurship teaching and learning approaches: A South African conceptual perspective

In this conceptual paper, we review literature on entrepreneurship education with the aim of determining viable approaches for teaching entrepreneurship using online platforms. We discuss existing studies on constructivism as a theoretical framework and examine how entrepreneurship education can be offered through online teaching, as well as the effectiveness and the design of online teaching for entrepreneurship education. We used a conceptual analysis methodology and also conducted a library search to examine previous pertinent literature on online entrepreneurship education. Our findings indicate that online entrepreneurship education should be grounded in constructivism as a learning theory. Additionally, during online entrepreneurship learning, lecturers should introduce and explain new concepts by using students' prior knowledge and should assign practical and experiential tasks. Our findings also show that online activities should allow students to interpret and assimilate new knowledge, and that online entrepreneurship modules should incorporate learning by doing and experiential learning. Lecturers should also provide feedback as part of online entrepreneurship learning and, at the end of such learning, lecturers should assign online questions that provide an opportunity for students to reflect on their learning and knowledge.
Study on Deployable Antenna Technology in Space

Antennas play a pivotal role in modern communication, navigation, and remote sensing systems. With the development of space antenna, various kinds of deployable antennas have emerged. The deployable antenna can be folded into a small volume, significantly reducing the space and payload requirements for rocket launches. The commonly used techniques are inflatable deployable antennas, umbrella deployable antennas, memory alloy deployable antennas, and so on. Antenna deployment in the space environment, however, presents a unique set of technical challenges due to the harsh conditions of space, including microgravity, extreme temperatures, and radiation. A comprehensive overview of the current three distinct types of deployable antenna technology has been presented in this paper. Their characteristics, advantages, and applications are analyzed. Moreover, this paper also illuminates the numerous difficulties that scientists and engineers encounter while designing and deploying antennas, providing insights into potential directions for future advancement in this area. This paper may offer a reference for the development of deployable antennas.
Development of system for generating questions, answers, distractors using transformers

The goal of this article is to develop a multiple-choice questions generation system that has a number of advantages, including quick scoring, consistent grading, and a short exam period. To overcome this difficulty, we suggest treating the problem of question creation as a sequence-to-sequence learning problem, where a sentence from a text passage can directly mapped to a question. Our approach is data-driven, which eliminates the need for manual rule implementation. This strategy is more effective and gets rid of potential errors that could result from incorrect human input. Our work on question generation, particularly the usage of the transformer model, has been impacted by recent developments in a number of domains, including neural machine translation, generalization, and picture captioning.
Long-Term Comparison of ERS, TOPEX And POSEIDON Altimeter Wind And Wave Measurements

Remote sensing of significant wave height and sea surface wind speed from satellite altimeters is now conducted on a routine basis. Several years of experience with GEOSAT, ERS-1, ERS-2, TOPEX and POSEIDON, provided large data sets which are of particular interest for wave climate studies. For this purpose, long term validation is required because any few percent drift of the measurement can induce significant erroneous trend. In the present paper, differences between ERS-1, ERS-2, TOPEX and POSEIDON altimeter measurements are investigated over a 3-year time period. This is based on comparison of altimeter measurements at ground-track crossings. The analysis shows that long-term biases exist among these satellite altimeter measurements. The observed biases for backscatter coefficient and surface wind speed are low and can be taken into account to retrieve homogeneous wind data. For significant wave height measurements, almost time independent biases are observed between ERS-1, ERS-2 and POSEIDON. However, a singular behaviour is shown for TOPEX: the wave height measurements increase with time, about 0.45 m over the 3-year period, and as much as 0.25 m over the last year of data.
PENINGKATAN LITERASI KEUANGAN MELALUI KEGIATAN TRIDHARMA PERGURUAN TINGGI (Studi Kasus Pelaksanaan KKN Tematik Edukasi Keuangan Masyarakat Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang di Kecamatan Mranggen Kabupaten Demak)

Perguruan tinggi memiliki peran penting melalui kegiatan tri dharma perguruan tinggi yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan literasi keuangan masyarakat. Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Wahid Hasyim telah melaksanakan Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Tematik “Edukasi Keuangan Masyarakat” di Kecamatan Mranggen Kabupaten Demak Provinsi Jawa Tengah yang merupakan model pertama pengintegrasian kegiatan tridarma perguruan tinggi dengan program peningkatan literasi keuangan masyarakat bekerjasama dengan OJK. Kegiatan KKN ini terwujud dengan melaksanakan tiga tahapan, yaitu tahapan pra-KKN (yang meliputi perijinan serta persiapan logistik dan peserta), tahapan KKN (yang meliputi penerjunan peserta, silaturrahim, survei dan penyebaran kuesioner, sosialisasi literasi keuangan, dan DIKLAT “Sadar Keuangan”), dan tahapan pasca-KKN (Bantuan Papan Informasi Keuangan dan komunikasi pasca DIKLAT). Dalam tempo satu bulan, kegiatan KKN tematik ini berhasil menyelenggarakan 115 program peningkatan literasi keuangan yang menyentuh berbagai elemen komunitas masyarakat.Kata Kunci: Literasi Keuangan, KKN Tematik.