Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Phenolic and Flavonoid Content, α-Amylase Inhibitory and Free Radical Scavenging Activities of Some Medicinal Plants

In Nepal, about 700 plant species have been reported to be used for the primary care of different diseases. However, many of them have not been studied yet for their scientific evidence. The main aim of this study is the quantitative analysis of flavonoids and phenolic content, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities of the extracts of four different medicinal plants, namely, Pogostemon benghalensis, Aleuritopteris bicolor, Crateva unilocularis, and Rungia pectinata growing in Nepal. The methanol extracts of plant samples were prepared by the hot percolation method using the Soxhlet apparatus. The phytochemicals of the plant extracts were analysed by colour differentiation methods using different analytical reagents. The phenolic content was estimated by using Folin–Ciocalteu's phenol reagent and the flavonoid was estimated by the aluminium chloride colorimetric method. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay was used to evaluate the antioxidant potential. The α-amylase enzyme inhibition activity was performed to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of plant extracts. The amount of total phenolics and flavonoids content was found to be the highest in Pogostemon benghalensis (169.43 ± 3.58 mg GAE/g and 65.2 ± 2.0 mg QE/g), respectively, which also showed the most potent free radical scavenging activity (IC50 35.92 ± 0.65 μg/mL). The extract of Aleuritopteris bicolor showed the highest α-amylase inhibitory activity (IC50 651.58 ± 10.32 μg/mL) whereas Crateva unilocularis and Pogostemon benghalensis exhibited moderate activity. The extract of Rungia pectinata showed the least activity towards α-amylase inhibition. Some of the medicinal plants selected in this study showed high TPC and TFC values with potent biological activities. To the best of our knowledge, these medicinal plants have the least exposure to their biological activities, and the results provide scientific evidence for the traditional uses of these plants against diabetes and infectious diseases. However, a detailed study can be performed in these plants to isolate the active chemical compounds and to evaluate in vivo pharmacological activities to know the active drug candidates for the future drug development process.
EFEKTIVITAS WHISTLEBLOWING SYSTEM DAN SISTEM PENGENDALIAN GRATIFIKASI TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN FRAUD PADA SEKTOR PUBLIK YANG DIMODERASI OLEH PENDETEKSIAN FRAUD

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pada sektor publik, whistleblowing system dan sistem pengendalian gratifikasi berpengaruh terhadap pencegahan fraud serta apakah pendeteksian fraud memoderasi pengaruh whistleblowing system dan program pengendalian gratifikasi terhadap pencegahan fraud. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deksriptif. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah melalui penyebaran kuesioner yang dilakukan pada pelaksana pemeriksa/auditor pada Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan Republik Indonesia dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 45 auditor internal. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa whistleblowing system memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pencegahan fraud, sementara sistem pengendalian gratifikasi tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pencegahan fraud. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa pendeteksian fraud tidak signifikan memoderasi baik pengaruh whistleblowing system terhadap pencegahan fraud maupun pengaruh sistem pengendalian gratifikasi terhadap pencegahan fraud.
Evolution of International Security Specifications for Artificial Intelligence

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology and its application in the military field in recent years have attracted extensive attention from the public, policy and academic circles. However, there are different research paradigms and debates on AI international security theory and policy. In the process of exploring AI global security governance by the international community, it is difficult to effectively integrate the opinions of all parties and build consensus international norms. This study focuses on the multiple evolution of international security governance norms in the era of AI, and summarizes and analyzes the current relevant debates in combination with the cooperation and competition between China and the United States in the field of international security in AI. Combing and mining these debates can provide a new research direction and perspective for exploring the path of AI global governance.
THE SOLAR FLARE CHLORINE ABUNDANCE FROM RESIK X-RAY SPECTRA

The abundance of chlorine is determined from X-ray spectra obtained with the RESIK instrument on CORONAS-F during solar flares between 2002 and 2003. Using weak lines of He-like Cl, Cl xvi, between 4.44 and 4.50 Å, and with temperatures and emission measures from GOES on an isothermal assumption, we obtained A(Cl) = 5.75 ± 0.26 on a scale A(H) = 12. The uncertainty reflects an approximately a factor of two scatter in measured line fluxes. Nevertheless, our value represents what is probably the best solar determination yet obtained. It is higher by factors of 1.8 and 2.7 than Cl abundance estimates from an infrared sunspot spectrum and nearby H ii regions. The constancy of the RESIK abundance values over a large range of flares (GOES class from below C1 to X1) argues for any fractionation that may be present in the low solar atmosphere to be independent of the degree of solar activity.
Developing micro DC-brushless motor driver and position control for fiber positioners

In the large-scale, Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), thousands of fiber positioners will be used. Those are robotic positioners, with two axis, and having the size of a pen. They are tightly packed on the focal plane of the telescope. Dedicated micro-robots have been developed and they use 4mm brushless DC motors. To simplify the implementation and reduce the space occupancy, each actuator will integrate its own electronic control board. This board will be used to communicate with the central trajectory generator, manage low level control tasks and motor current feeding. In this context, we present a solution for a highly compact electronic. This electronic is composed of two layers. The first is the power stage that can drive simultaneously two brushless motors. The second one consists of a fast microcontroller and deals with different control tasks: communication, acquisition of the hall sensor signals, commutation of the motors phases, and performing position and current regulation. A set of diagnostic functions are also implemented to detect failure in the motors or the sensors, and to sense abnormal load change that may be the result of two robots colliding.
Finite Difference Methods for Barrier Options

This article describes the numerical solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) in the context of computational finance for the pricing of barrier options. Barrier options cease to exist (knockout barrier options) or only come into existence (knock-in barrier options) when some observable market parameter crosses a designated level (the barrier). They have become ubiquitous in financial contracts for virtually all asset classes. A brief discussion of continuously monitored barrier option pricing using PDEs describes the use of coordinate transformations to obtain smooth, rapid convergence, highly desirable properties that are difficult to obtain using traditional lattice methods. In the majority of barrier option contracts, barrier monitoring frequency is at most daily, for example, at daily market close. For these options, pricing as if continuously monitored is almost always a gross approximation. Gradients of option value with respect to the underlying can become very strong near the barrier(s). The majority of the article is devoted to a more detailed discussion of PDE methods for the pricing of discretely monitored barrier options, including customization of the finite difference grid and time discretizations. Numerical examples illustrate how easy-to-implement grid structuring techniques can yield orders of magnitude reduction in finite difference truncation error and smooth, monotonic convergence. Keywords: finite difference method; barrier option; continuous monitoring; discrete monitoring; discretization methods; Crank–Nicolson; Rannacher; coordinate transformation
Axis manipulation to solve Inverse Kinematics of Hyper-Redundant Robot in 3D Space

A solution based on inverse kinematics is required for the robot's end effector, also known as its tip, to reach a target. Current methods for solving the inverse kinematics solution for a hyper-redundant robot in three 3D are generally complex, difficult to visualize, and time-intensive. This requires the development of new algorithms for solving inverse kinematics in a quicker and more efficient manner. In this study, an axis manipulation using a geometrical approach is used. Initially, a general algorithm for a 2 m-link hyper-redundant robot in 3D is generated. The method employed a repetitive basic inverse kinematics solution of a two-link robot on virtual links. The virtual links are generated using a specific geometric proposition. Finally, the 3D solution is generated by rotating about the global z-axis. This method reduces the mathematical complexity required to solve the inverse kinematics solution for a 2-m-link robot. In addition, this method can manage variable link manipulators, thereby eliminating singularity. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the model, numerical simulations of hyper redundant models in 3D are presented. This new geometric approach is anticipated to enhance the performance of hyper-redundant robots, enabling them to be of greater assistance in fields such as medicine, the military, and search and rescue.
THE DISTANCE TO M51

Great investments of observing time have been dedicated to the study of nearby spiral galaxies with diverse goals ranging from understanding the star formation process to characterizing their dark matter distributions. Accurate distances are fundamental to interpreting observations of these galaxies, yet many of the best studied nearby galaxies have distances based on methods with relatively large uncertainties. We have started a program to derive accurate distances to these galaxies. Here we measure the distance to M51—the Whirlpool galaxy—from newly obtained Hubble Space Telescope optical imaging using the tip of the red giant branch method. We measure the distance modulus to be 8.58 ± 0.10 Mpc (statistical), corresponding to a distance modulus of 29.67 ± 0.02 mag. Our distance is an improvement over previous results as we use a well-calibrated, stable distance indicator, precision photometry in a optimally selected field of view, and a Bayesian Maximum Likelihood technique that reduces measurement uncertainties.
PRIMUS: AN OBSERVATIONALLY MOTIVATED MODEL TO CONNECT THE EVOLUTION OF THE ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS AND GALAXY POPULATIONS OUT TO z ∼ 1

We present an observationally motivated model to connect the active galactic nucleus (AGN) and galaxy populations at 0.2 < z < 1.0 and predict the AGN X-ray luminosity function (XLF). We start with measurements of the stellar mass function of galaxies (from the Prism Multi-object Survey) and populate galaxies with AGNs using models for the probability of a galaxy hosting an AGN as a function of specific accretion rate. Our model is based on measurements indicating that the specific accretion rate distribution is a universal function across a wide range of host stellar masses with slope γ1 ≈ −0.65 and an overall normalization that evolves with redshift. We test several simple assumptions to extend this model to high specific accretion rates (beyond the measurements) and compare the predictions for the XLF with the observed data. We find good agreement with a model that allows for a break in the specific accretion rate distribution at a point corresponding to the Eddington limit, a steep power-law tail to super-Eddington ratios with slope , and a scatter of 0.38 dex in the scaling between black hole and host stellar mass. Our results show that samples of low luminosity AGNs are dominated by moderately massive galaxies () growing with a wide range of accretion rates due to the shape of the galaxy stellar mass function rather than a preference for AGN activity at a particular stellar mass. Luminous AGNs may be a severely skewed population with elevated black hole masses relative to their host galaxies and in rare phases of rapid accretion.
Classical noise and the structure of minimal uncertainty states

Which quantum states minimise the unavoidable uncertainty arising from the non-commutativity of two observables? The immediate answer to such a question is: it depends. Due to the plethora of uncertainty measures there are many answers. Here, instead of restricting our study to a particular measure, we present plausible axioms for the set $\mathcal{F}$ of bona-fide information-theoretic uncertainty functions. Then, we discuss the existence of states minimising uncertainty with respect to all members of $\mathcal{F}$, i.e., universal minimum uncertainty states (MUS). We prove that such states do not exist within the full state space and study the effect of classical noise on the structure of minimum uncertainty states. We present an explicit example of a qubit universal MUS that arises when purity is constrained by introducing a threshold amount of noise. For higher dimensional systems we derive several no-go results limiting the existence of noisy universal MUS. However, we conjecture that universality may emerge in an approximate sense. We conclude by discussing connections with thermodynamics, and highlight the privileged role that non-equilibrium free energy $F_2$ plays close to equilibrium.
Construction of Substation Global IOT System Based on Edge Gateway

Based on the analysis of the application scheme of the edge gateway in the ubiquitous power Internet of Things (IoT)-aware layer-end devices and edge IoT agents, a substation global IoT system of the edge gateway is built, including the overall architecture, application framework and cloud collaborative design of the system, and key technologies such as new edge gateway technology, coordinated operation strategy and coordinated operation scenario examples are studied. The designed edge gateway can meet the unified access of multi-disciplinary and multi-type terminals. The edge gateway is the carrier and key link of “terminal data self-organization, terminal cloud business self-coordination”. Through case analysis, it is verified that the edge gateway runs reliably, and the design goal and operation requirements of substation global IOT are met.
Clinical Supervision: Getting It Right!

The article ‘Enablers and barriers to effective clinical supervision in the workplace: a rapid evidence review’ presents evidence from the international literature on effective clinical supervision [1]. The review searched nearly 16000 international publications to answer the question: What makes effective clinical supervision? When in place and done well, clinical supervision has many benefits for the organisation, professional development and patient services.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUBBLE TYPE AND SPECTROSCOPIC CLASS IN LOCAL GALAXIES

We compare the Hubble type and the spectroscopic class of the galaxies with spectra in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7. As has long been known, elliptical galaxies tend to be red whereas spiral galaxies tend to be blue; however, this relationship presents a large scatter, which we measure and quantify in detail for the first time. We compare the Automatic Spectroscopic K-means-based classification (ASK) with most of the commonly used morphological classifications. Despite the degree of subjectivity involved in morphological classifications, all of them provide consistent results. Given a spectral class, the morphological type wavers with a standard deviation between 2 and 3 T types, and the same large dispersion characterizes the variability of spectral classes given a morphological type. The distributions of Hubble types for each ASK class are very skewed—they present long tails that extend to late morphological types in the red galaxies and to early morphological types in the blue spectroscopic classes. The scatter is not produced by problems with the classification and it remains when particular subsets are considered—low and high galaxy masses, low and high density environments, barred and non-barred galaxies, edge-on galaxies, small and large galaxies, or when a volume-limited sample is considered. A considerable fraction of red galaxies are spirals (40%–60%), but they never present very late Hubble types (Sd or later). Even though red spectra are not associated with ellipticals, most ellipticals do have red spectra: 97% of the ellipticals in the morphological catalog by Nair & Abraham used here for reference belong to ASK 0, 2, or 3; only 3% of the ellipticals are blue. The galaxies in the green valley class (ASK 5) are mostly spirals, and the active galactic nuclei class (ASK 6) presents a large scatter of Hubble types from E to Sd. We investigate variations with redshift using a volume-limited subsample mainly formed by luminous red galaxies. From redshift 0.25 to the present, the galaxies redden from ASK 2 to ASK 0, as expected from the passive evolution of their stellar populations. Two of the ASK classes (1 and 4) gather edge-on spirals, and they may be useful in studies requiring knowledge of the intrinsic shape of a galaxy (e.g., weak-lensing calibration).
Supersymmetric QCD and CP-violation effects in $t \bar t Z^0$ production at the LHC

We investigate the NLO QCD and the CP-violation effects in $t\bar{t}Z^0$ production at the Large Hadron Collider(LHC) in the minimal supersymmetric standard model(MSSM). Our calculation shows that the total NLO QCD correction in the framework of the CP-conserving MSSM significantly improves the scale uncertainty at the leading order, and the contribution from the pure supersymmetric QCD (pSQCD) correction can exceed $-8\%$ with the restrictions of $90~GeV < p_T^t < 120~GeV$ and $120~GeV < p_T^Z < 150~GeV$, where $p_T^t$ and $p_T^Z$ are the transverse momenta of the top-quark and $Z^0$ gauge boson, respectively. Our numerical results demonstrate that the pure SUSY QCD correction generally suppresses the total SM-like QCD correction in the CP-conserving MSSM, and tends to be a constant when either $\tilde{t}_1$ or $\tilde{g}$ is heavy enough. We find also that the CP-odd asymmetry ${\cal A}_{\Phi}$ can reach $2.17 \times 10^{-3}$, if the CP-phase angle really exists in the coupling of gluino-stop-top.
The Intrinsic Difficulties of Constructing Strongly Correlated States of Lattice Quantum Gases by Connecting Up Pre-engineered Isolated Atomic Clusters

Suppose one engineers an artificial antiferromagnet on an array of {\em isolated} wells, and then increases the tunneling between wells slowly, will the system finally become an {\em equilibrium} antiferromagnet? Here, we show that due to the intrinsic non-adiabaticity at the start of this process, and that the atoms in the initial state in different wells are completely uncorrelated, the final equilibrium state will have a temperature $T_{f}$ far above the Neel temperature. Constructing other strongly correlated states (with characteristic energy per particle $E^{\ast}$ comparable to the hopping or the virtual hopping scale) with the same method will suffer the same problem, i.e. $T_{f}>>E^{\ast}$.
Superfluidity in a Crystal?

The phenomenon of nonclassical rotational inertia (NCRI), in which a body does not rotate with its rotating container, has long been thought to be peculiar to Bose-Einstein condensates of certain liquids and gases, in particular liquidHe. In his Perspective, [Leggett][1] discusses the experimental observation by [Kim and Chan][2] of similar behavior in solidHe. The new results are most naturally interpreted as showing that the crystalline solid phase ofHe displays NCRI below about 230 mK, although the fraction of the system that behaves in this way is very small. This experiment presents a major challenge to our current theoretical understanding of solid helium. [1]: http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/305/5692/1921 [2]: http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/short/305/5692/1941
Point-contact study of ReFeAsO1 − xFx (Re = La, Sm) superconducting films

Point-contact (PC) Andreev-reflection (AR) measurements of the superconducting gap in iron-oxypnictide ReFeAsO1 − xFx (Re = La, Sm) films have been carried out. The value of the gap is distributed in the range 5–10 meV (for Re = Sm) with a maximum in the distribution around 6 meV. The temperature dependence of the gap Δ(T) can be fitted well by a BCS curve giving a reduced gap ratio (here Tc* is the critical temperature from the BCS fit). At the same time, an expected second larger gap feature was difficult to resolve distinctly on the AR spectra, making the reliability of determination of the second gap questionable. Possible reasons for this, and the origin of other features like clear-cut asymmetry in the AR spectra and current regime in PCs, are discussed.
Curvature of the freeze-out line in heavy ion collisions

We calculate the mean and variance of net-baryon number and net-electric charge distributions from quantum chromodynamics (QCD) using a next-to-leading order Taylor expansion in terms of temperature and chemical potentials. We compare these expansions with experimental data from STAR and PHENIX, determine the freeze-out temperature in the limit of vanishing baryon chemical potential, and, for the first time, constrain the curvature of the freeze-out line through a direct comparison between experimental data on net-charge fluctuations and a QCD calculation. We obtain a bound on the curvature coefficient, kappa(f)(2) < 0.011, that is compatible with lattice QCD results on the curvature of the QCD transition line.
Superconductor-nanowire devices from tunneling to the multichannel regime: Zero-bias oscillations and magnetoconductance crossover

We present transport measurements in superconductor-nanowire devices with a gated constriction forming a quantum point contact. Zero-bias features in tunneling spectroscopy appear at finite magnetic fields and oscillate in amplitude and split away from zero bias as a function of magnetic field and gate voltage. A crossover in magnetoconductance is observed: Magnetic fields above similar to 0.5 T enhance conductance in the low-conductance (tunneling) regime but suppress conductance in the high-conductance (multichannel) regime. We consider these results in the context of Majorana zero modes as well as alternatives, including the Kondo effect and analogs of 0.7 structure in a disordered nanowire.
BPS D3-branes on smooth ALE manifolds

In this talk I review the recent construction of a new family of classical BPS solutions of type IIB supergravity describing 3-branes transverse to a 6-dimensional space with topology $\mathbb{R}^{2}\times$ALE. They are characterized by a non-trivial flux of the supergravity 2-forms through the homology 2-cycles of a generic smooth ALE manifold. These solutions have two Killing spinors and thus preserve $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetry. They are expressed in terms of a quasi harmonic function $H$ (the ``warp factor''), whose properties was studied in detail in the case of the simplest ALE, namely the Eguchi-Hanson manifold. The equation for $H$ was identified as an instance of the confluent Heun equation.