Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prediction of the Sex-Associated Genomic Region in Tunas (Thunnus Fishes)

Fish species have a variety of sex determination systems. Tunas (genus Thunnus) have an XY genetic sex determination system. However, the Y chromosome or responsible locus has not yet been identified in males. In a previous study, a female genome of Pacific bluefin tuna (T. orientalis) was sequenced, and candidates for sex-associated DNA polymorphisms were identified by a genome-wide association study using resequencing data. In the present study, we sequenced a male genome of Pacific bluefin tuna by long-read and linked-read sequencing technologies and explored male-specific loci through a comparison with the female genome. As a result, we found a unique region carrying the male-specific haplotype, where a homolog of estrogen sulfotransferase gene was predicted to be encoded. The genome-wide mapping of previously resequenced data indicated that, among the functionally annotated genes, only this gene, named sult1st6y, was paternally inherited in the males of Pacific bluefin tuna. We reviewed the RNA-seq data of southern bluefin tuna (T. maccoyii) in the public database and found that sult1st6y of southern bluefin tuna was expressed in all male testes, but absent or suppressed in the female ovary. Since estrogen sulfotransferase is responsible for the inactivation of estrogens, it is reasonable to assume that the expression of sult1st6y in gonad cells may inhibit female development, thereby inducing the individuals to become males. Thus, our results raise a promising hypothesis that sult1st6y is the sex determination gene in Thunnus fishes or at least functions at a crucial point in the sex-differentiation cascade.
Developing a clinical–environmental–genotypic prognostic index for relapsing-onset multiple sclerosis and clinically isolated syndrome

Abstract Our inability to reliably predict disease outcomes in multiple sclerosis remains an issue for clinicians and clinical trialists. This study aims to create, from available clinical, genetic and environmental factors; a clinical–environmental–genotypic prognostic index to predict the probability of new relapses and disability worsening. The analyses cohort included prospectively assessed multiple sclerosis cases (N = 253) with 2858 repeated observations measured over 10 years. N = 219 had been diagnosed as relapsing-onset, while N = 34 remained as clinically isolated syndrome by the 10th-year review. Genotype data were available for 199 genetic variants associated with multiple sclerosis risk. Penalized Cox regression models were used to select potential genetic variants and predict risk for relapses and/or worsening of disability. Multivariable Cox regression models with backward elimination were then used to construct clinical–environmental, genetic and clinical–environmental–genotypic prognostic index, respectively. Robust time-course predictions were obtained by Landmarking. To validate our models, Weibull calibration models were used, and the Chi-square statistics, Harrell’s C-index and pseudo-R2 were used to compare models. The predictive performance at diagnosis was evaluated using the Kullback–Leibler and Brier (dynamic) prediction error (reduction) curves. The combined index (clinical–environmental–genotypic) predicted a quadratic time-dynamic disease course in terms of worsening (HR = 2.74, CI: 2.00–3.76; pseudo-R2=0.64; C-index = 0.76), relapses (HR = 2.16, CI: 1.74–2.68; pseudo-R2 = 0.91; C-index = 0.85), or both (HR = 3.32, CI: 1.88–5.86; pseudo-R2 = 0.72; C-index = 0.77). The Kullback–Leibler and Brier curves suggested that for short-term prognosis (≤5 years from diagnosis), the clinical–environmental components of disease were more relevant, whereas the genetic components reduced the prediction errors only in the long-term (≥5 years from diagnosis). The combined components performed slightly better than the individual ones, although their prognostic sensitivities were largely modulated by the clinical–environmental components. We have created a clinical–environmental–genotypic prognostic index using relevant clinical, environmental, and genetic predictors, and obtained robust dynamic predictions for the probability of developing new relapses and worsening of symptoms in multiple sclerosis. Our prognostic index provides reliable information that is relevant for long-term prognostication and may be used as a selection criterion and risk stratification tool for clinical trials. Further work to investigate component interactions is required and to validate the index in independent data sets.
A realization method for an ARMA lattice filter with reduced number of coefficients

This paper proposes realization methods of two kinds of low sensitivity ARMA lattice filters which can perform frequency-weighting model identification with input estimation and low sensitivity of their filters. Using the proposed realization method, the filter with the fewer coefficients than the previous filter can be obtained. Since the calculation costs for the realization of the filter are reduced, the proposed realization methods are significant. Furthermore, assuming that the ARMA lattice filters have low sensitivity, however, this paper shows that the proposed ARMA lattice filters have low sensitivity by simulations, which is important for practical implementation of filters.
Evaluation of machinability in the micro end milling of printed circuit boards

Abstract Printed circuit boards (PCBs) have slots and holes that aid in the assembly of electronic devices. To produce these shapes, advances in manufacturing methods have been made in processes including machining, laser, plasma, and punching. In this study, to evaluate the capability of a micro end mill in the machining of PCBs, cutting forces were measured using a dynamometer under various cutting speed and feed per tooth conditions. Copper-clad laminate (CCL), which is a PCB raw material, was selected as the workpiece to evaluate the machining capabilities of the PCB end mill. The cross-section of a machined slot in a workpiece was observed under a microscope, and the burr height of the cross-section was measured. Finally, the relationship between cutting force and burr height was determined. The cutting force increased with increasing feed per tooth, and the burr height decreased with increasing feed per tooth; thus, it was inversely proportional to the cutting force.
D ec 2 02 1 Local Operators of 4 d N = 2 Gauge Theories From the Affine Grassmannian Wenjun

We give a new, fully mathematical, construction of the space of local operators in the holomorphic-topological twist of 4d N = 2 gauge theories. It is based on computations of morphism spaces in the DG category of line operators, which (by work of Kapustin-Saulina and Cautis-Williams) may be represented as ind-coherent sheaves on the affine Grassmannian and, more generally, on the RG,N spaces of Braverman-Finkelberg-Nakajima. We prove that characters of our morphisms spaces reproduce the Schur indices of 4d N = 2 theories, and that the spaces themselves agree with the 4d N = 2 vertex algebras of BeemLemos-Liendo-Peelaers-Rastelli-Van Rees, Oh-Yagi, Butson and Jeong. We also generalize our construction to local operators at junctions of Wilson-’t Hooft lines, and compare the Euler character of the morphism spaces to the Schur indices in the work of Cordova-Gaiotto-Shao.
A MEMS-Based Inertial Navigation System for Mobile Miniature Robots

A real-time inertial navigation system (INS) for mobile miniature robots was proposed, which mainly consists of hardware platform and software system. Based on the principles of embedded system, and by use of MEMS-based inertial measurement units (IMU) and micro control units (MCU) including ARM and CPLD, a compact, low-power-consumption, low-cost, and universal real-time hardware platform was constructed for the navigation system. Besides, a μC/OS-II real-time operating system was transplanted for software developing, where all the algorithms of digital signal processing, data interpolation, navigation calculating were realized. Furthermore, a fuzzy system was designed for sensor data fusion so as to achieve accurate navigation. Finally, the MEMS-based INS was fully tested via experiments on a mobile miniature robot. Experiments results show that average error of the heading angle estimation is about 0.56%, average error of Attitude angle estimation is 2.57%, and the maximum error of plane position is about 10%, which indicates that this INS satisfies requirements of mobile miniature robots.
Correlation Between the Fracture Line Plane and Perioperative Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients with Tibial Fracture

Objective To explore the correlation between the fracture line inferior plane and perioperative deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients with tibial fractures. Methods Data was collected from the medical records of 536 consecutive patients with tibial fractures at Xi’an Honghui Hospital. The patients were divided into distal, shaft, and proximal segment groups according to the fracture line inferior plane on radiographs. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify the role of the inferior plane of the fracture line in perioperative DVT. Results A total of 431 patients were included in the study and 226 patients had perioperative DVT in the lower extremities, including 11 proximal and 215 distal DVTs. Univariate regression analysis showed a significant correlation between the proximal segment and perioperative DVT; however, no correlation was found in the shaft segment group. Additionally, age, coronary heart disease, associated injuries, and time to operation ≥6 days were risk factors for perioperative DVT. However, fixation with intramedullary nails may be a protective factor for perioperative DVT compared with plates. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the proximal segment group had an increased incidence of perioperative DVT compared to the distal segment group. Conclusions The proximal segment may be correlated with an increased incidence of perioperative DVT by 7.30-fold in patients with tibial fractures compared to that in the distal segment. In clinical practice, surgeons should be vigilant for DVT formation in these patients.
Application and prospect of artificial intelligence in digestive endoscopy

ABSTRACT Introduction With the progress of science and technology, artificial intelligence represented by deep learning has gradually begun to be applied in the medical field. Artificial intelligence has been applied to benign gastrointestinal lesions, tumors, early cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, gallbladder, pancreas, and other diseases. This review summarizes the latest research results on artificial intelligence in digestive endoscopy and discusses the prospect of artificial intelligence in digestive system diseases. Areas covered We retrieved relevant documents on artificial intelligence in digestive tract diseases from PubMed and Medline. This review elaborates on the knowledge of computer-aided diagnosis in digestive endoscopy. Expert opinion Artificial intelligence significantly improves diagnostic accuracy, reduces physicians’ workload, and provides a shred of evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Shortly, artificial intelligence will have high application value in the field of medicine.
Management of Stage III Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: ASCO Guideline

PURPOSE To provide evidence-based recommendations to practicing clinicians on management of patients with stage III non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS An Expert Panel of medical oncology, thoracic surgery, radiation oncology, pulmonary oncology, community oncology, research methodology, and advocacy experts was convened to conduct a literature search, which included systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials published from 1990 through 2021. Outcomes of interest included survival, disease-free or recurrence-free survival, and quality of life. Expert Panel members used available evidence and informal consensus to develop evidence-based guideline recommendations. RESULTS The literature search identified 127 relevant studies to inform the evidence base for this guideline. RECOMMENDATIONS Evidence-based recommendations were developed to address evaluation and staging workup of patients with suspected stage III NSCLC, surgical management, neoadjuvant and adjuvant approaches, and management of patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC. Additional information is available at www.asco. org/thoracic-cancer-guidelines.
High frequency breakdown characteristics of various electrode geometries in air

In airborne and spacecraft electronic applications, minimum weight and volume constraints have always influenced electrical component and cabling designs. Insulation system specifications must include the total operating environment, voltage excursions, current capacity, mechanical integrity and aging. This is true for both power source equipment as well as special purpose electronics such as radar or high power transmitters, where bare or insulated conductors are often used for high frequency signal transmission, as well as power transmission. A brief review of relevant data is presented to exemplify the effects of high frequency content on breakdown voltages in air, for specific electrode configurations. At high frequencies, the spacing between electrodes or conductors becomes a deterministic parameter for the breakdown phenomenon known as multipactor. When the mean free path of an electron exceeds the order of electrode spacing or relative dimension of the high frequency system, multipactor breakdown may occur, usually at pressures less than 10/sup -2/ torr. Multipactor is prevalent within or around components of the high frequency system such as the waveguide, antenna, cabling, connectors and switches. Information that may be useful to designers of components and interconnections includes high frequency initiation phenomena and multipactor breakdown characteristics. Data concerning low pressure corona initiation on antennae is also presented.
Novel PWM strategy for direct self-control of inverter-fed induction motors

Direct self-control (DSC) of an inverter-fed induction machine is a signal processing technique based on two-level hysteresis control of the machine flux and torque. The advantages of DSC are simplicity, requiring no field coordinate transformations, and high dynamic performance even with high power, low switching frequency converters. One disadvantage, however, is that the output inverter current is not sinusoidal, containing harmonic components typical of those in six-pulse square-wave inverters. In this paper, a novel PWM strategy is proposed for inverter-fed induction machines with DSC which reduces distortion in the inverter input and output currents. This is achieved by introducing 12 sectors into the stator flux alpha - beta plane in which stator voltage vectors are chosen which are two steps in advance (two-forward) or behind (two-backward) relative to the DSC-derived vectors, instead of zero-vector switching. The method requires no additional vector switchings to form a stator flux trajectory closer to circular compared with the classic DSC flux hexagon. Moreover, the technique does not require elaborate pre-processing or online calculation, and is based on logic circuits and an EPROM look-up table. <<ETX>>
Prawne aspekty korzystania z Rejestru Cen i Wartości Nieruchomości

The Estate Price and Value Registry (RCiWN) is a database containing primarily the prices designated in notary deeds and the values determined by property valuers in appraisal reports. RCiWN is a part of the national geodetic and cartographic resources and, in addition, an element of the spatial information infrastructure. The legal analysis of RCiWN leads to certain doubts concerning the possibilities of using the data contained in the registry. There are at least three legal acts, from which rules of making the data available to the parties concerned may be derived. The doubts relate first of all to the catalogue of entities entitled to receive data from RCiWN, the rules concerning charges and the method of calculating them, the possibility to impose restrictions on further dissemination of data and their reuse. The subject of this paper is legal analysis of these regulations. The objective of this paper is to clarify the doubts indicated by means of interpretation of present provisions and formulating suggestions de lege ferenda. The scope of the analysis covers provisions of geodetic and cartographic law together with implementing provisions referred to the provisions of copyright law, the law on protection of databases and the law on access to public information.
Internet‐based database management system for project control

Purpose – The objective of this paper is to develop an efficient project management system to track and control construction activities for contractors and/or project managers.Design/methodology/approach – The work package model is utilized to break down project data into activities and work tasks. The data structure of a project is represented using the entities‐relationship methodology. A relational database stores all of the project data. The earned value method calculates the cost and schedule variances. The internet‐based platform with three‐tier client‐server architecture is chosen for system implementation.Findings – The developed project database stores all of the project data necessary to perform project control functions. The implementation of the project database management system is efficient. The developed system provides real‐time data sharing and a collaborating environment in support of project control.Originality/value – Time and cost control are essential management functions for achievi.
Inequities in Drinking Water Quality Among Domestic Well Communities and Community Water Systems, California, 2011‒2019.

Objectives. To evaluate universal access to clean drinking water by characterizing relationships between community sociodemographics and water contaminants in California domestic well areas (DWAs) and community water systems (CWSs). Methods. We integrated domestic well locations, CWS service boundaries, residential parcels, building footprints, and 2013-2017 American Community Survey data to estimate sociodemographic characteristics for DWAs and CWSs statewide. We derived mean drinking and groundwater contaminant concentrations of arsenic, nitrate, and hexavalent chromium (Cr[VI]) between 2011 and 2019 and used multivariate models to estimate relationships between sociodemographic variables and contaminant concentrations. Results. We estimated that more than 1.3 million Californians (3.4%) use domestic wells and more than 370 000 Californians rely on drinking water with average contaminant concentrations at or above regulatory standards for 1 or more of the contaminants considered. Higher proportions of people of color were associated with greater drinking water contamination. Conclusions. Poor water quality disproportionately impacts communities of color in California, with the highest estimated arsenic, nitrate, and Cr(VI) concentrations in areas of domestic well use. Domestic well communities must be included in efforts to achieve California's Human Right to Water. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(1):88-97. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306561).
Health Policy and Community Change Concepts as Metaphors

Policy development, implementation, and maintenance are central to the “carrying-out” of healthcare within organizations and communities. Nurses play an important role in not only developing meaningful policies with constituents but in also providing explanations that “make sense” to all persons involved. This “sense making” may be facilitated by the use of metaphors. In this paper, the author explores Parse’s (2021) community change concepts as metaphors that may enhance policy development and understanding.
Optimizing Fibre Optics for Coal Mine Automation

Powered support systems are considered to be backbone of the longwall mining system. A significant development in underground longwall coal mining automation has been achieved with the successful implementation of fiber optics cable for leg pressure monitoring and performance analysis of shield supports. This paper illustrates the development of a continuous monitoring system of roof pressure and support closure with progressive face advance in longwall workings. A case study of a longwall working is illustrated to assess the effectiveness of the monitoring system in assessing the support performance for safer and smooth operation of roof supports in these workings under different geo-mining conditions. The design and planning of underground mine is aimed at creating an integrated mine system whereby minerals are extracted and processed for a dedicated market at minimum operable cost. Mining system requires an inter-disciplinary engineering structure and coordination for its operation (1). This complex array of subsystem includes mining safety as well. It is beyond doubt that the underground mines present one of the most difficult, tough and challenging environment to work for human beings. Although safety is considered as one of the key issues, limitations in feasible technological solution, cost, and the very nature of underground mine has restricted the genesis of a unified mechanism to ensure full-proof safety for the miners in any field is very important for proper and fast completion of the project. With the above view, a thorough investigation is required for better understanding of the geo-mechanical behavior of strata and support performance during operation of a longwall face, so as to minimise face stoppages and production delays to ensure better productivity and safe work environment for men and machineries. This requires a proper strata monitoring exercise to be conducted in such workings using state-of-the-art instrumentation adopting a suitable scheme to address all the issues related to strata and support behavior. Support pressure and face convergence are the two crucial parameters for quantifying the strata behavior and the support performance in a given geo-mining condition. The compilation of the field data shows that observations are taken manually usually once in a day or a shift (2). Moreover, these are neither systematic not regular. Manual observation at a moving face is not possible at higher frequency for a meaningful utilization and reference of such field data. The period of critical face loading or strata convergence is static in most of the cases, but it is very small to be recorded in any manual observation. Under such condition, it is desirable to have an intensive support pressure monitoring program using electronic gadget based modern continuous monitoring systems to enable more meaningful monitoring and storage of data at requisite time intervals. Implementation of