Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DkmiR397 Regulates Proanthocyanidin Biosynthesis via Negative Modulating DkLAC2 in Chinese PCNA Persimmon

Persimmon fruits accumulate a large amount of proanthocyanidins (PAs), which makes an astringent sensation. Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are the polymers of flavan-3-ols stored in plant vacuoles under laccase activation. A laccase gene, DkLAC2, is putatively involved in PAs biosynthesis and regulated by microRNA (DkmiR397) in persimmon. However, the polymerization of PAs in association with miRNA397 still needs to be explored in persimmon. Here, we identified pre-DkmiR397 and its target gene DkLAC2 in ‘Eshi 1’ persimmon. Histochemical staining with GUS and dual luciferase assay both confirmed DkmiR397-DkLAC2 binding after co-transformation in tobacco leaves. Diverse expression patterns of DkLAC2 and DkmiR397 were exhibited during persimmon fruit development stages. Moreover, a contrasting expression pattern was also observed after the combined DkLAC2-miR397 transformation in persimmon leaves, suggesting that DkmiR397 might be a negative regulator of DkLAC2. Similarly, the transient transformation of DkmiR397 in persimmon fruit discs in vitro also reduced PA accumulation by repressing DkLAC2, whereas the up-regulation of DkLAC2 increased the accumulation of PAs by short tandem target mimic STTM-miR397. A similar expression pattern was observed when overexpressing of DkLAC2 in Arabidopsis wild type (WT) and overexpression of DkLAC2, DkmiR397 in persimmon leaf callus. Our results revealed that the role of DkmiR397 repressed the expression of DkLAC2 concerning PA biosynthesis, providing a potential target for the manipulation of PAs metabolism in persimmon.
Sensory Ion Channel Candidates Inform on the Clinical Course of Pancreatic Cancer and Present Potential Targets for Repurposing of FDA-Approved Agents

Background: Transient receptor potential channels (TRPs) have been demonstrated to take on functions in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) biology. However, little data are available that validate the potential of TRP in a clinical translational setting. Methods: A TRPs-related gene signature was constructed based on the Cox regression using a TCGA-PAAD cohort and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to evaluate the predictive ability of this model. Core genes of the signature were screened by a protein-to-protein interaction (PPI) network, and expression validated by two independent datasets. The mutation analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were conducted. Virtual interventions screening was performed to discover substance candidates for the identified target genes. Results: A four TRPs-related gene signature, which contained MCOLN1, PKD1, TRPC3, and TRPC7, was developed and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.758. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that patients with elevated signature score classify as a high-risk group featuring significantly shorter recurrence free survival (RFS) time, compared to the low-risk patients (p < 0.001). The gene prediction model also had a good predictive capability for predicting shortened overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) (AUC = 0.680 and AUC = 0.739, respectively). GSEA enrichment revealed the core genes of the signature, TRPC3 and TRPC7, were involved in several cancer-related pathways. TRPC3 mRNA is elevated in cancer tissue compared to control tissue and augmented in tumors with lymph node invasion compared to tumors without signs of lymph node invasion. Virtual substance screening of FDA approved compounds indicates that four small molecular compounds might be potentially selective not only for TRPC3 protein but also as a potential binding partner to TRPC7 protein. Conclusions: Our computational pipeline constructed a four TRP-related gene signature that enables us to predict clinical prognostic value of hitherto unrecognized biomarkers for PAAD. Sensory ion channels TRPC3 and TRPC7 could be the potential therapeutic targets in pancreatic cancer and TRPC3 might be involved in dysregulating mitochondrial functions during PAAD genesis.
Investigation of SiC Stack and Discrete Cascodes

The SiC cascode switch integrates the advantages of a Si MOSFET and the excellent high voltage, high frequency and high temperature properties of the SiC normally-on JFET. It has a normally-off operation mode, simple gate drive, and a reliable MOS gate without the threshold voltage drift. These superior features make the SiC cascode device the best candidate for realizing a "smaller, faster and cheaper" power conversion system. The cascode can be constructed in discrete configuration or in stack configuration. In this work, the switching performance, short-circuit withstand capability and unclamped inductive switching (UIS) capability of 1.2kV SiC discrete and stack cascodes are investigated by performing experiments and numerical simulations. Simulation results show that the silicon MOSFET in the stack cascode does not limit the short circuit and UIS capabilities of the stack cascode.
Comparison of desflurane and propofol in the speed and the quality of emergence from anesthesia in patients undergoing lung cancer surgery—a prospective, randomized study

Background Anesthesia with desflurane or propofol enables rapid emergence. In patients undergoing lung cancer surgery, however, the speed of emergence from desflurane, but not from propofol, may be affected by the deteriorated postoperative respiratory function. We prospectively compared the speed and quality of emergence between desflurane and propofol. Methods We conducted a parallel study. Eighty patients scheduled for lung cancer surgery were randomly allocated to Desflurane group (Group D) and Propofol group (Group P). Combined general and epidural anesthesia was performed in the identical way except for the anesthetic. Results There was no significant difference between the groups in the time to awakening, extubation, or orientation. However, emergence agitation (EA) occurred more frequently in Group D than in Group P (20/40 vs. 4/40, P<0.001). Numbers of patients not achieving full scores in respiration and circulation components of the modified Aldrete score 5 min after extubation were more in Group D (4/40 vs. 0/40, P=0.040; and 8/40 vs. 2/40, P=0.043, respectively). More patients required antiemetics during postoperative 24 hours in Group D (15/40 vs. 7/40, P=0.045). Conclusions Desflurane was not inferior to propofol in the speed of emergence from anesthesia after lung cancer surgery, but it was slightly inferior to propofol in the quality of emergence. Trial Registration UMIN-CTR identifier: UMIN000009221.
Determinations of the effects of cyfluthrin on the hemocytes parameters of freshwater mussel (Unio delicatus)

The overuse of pesticides has been increasing since the 20th century. Depending on this use, non-target organisms are also affected apart from target organisms. Cyfluthrin is a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide used in agriculture, domestic and veterinary medicine against insects. It may also affect non-target aquatic organisms as a result of mixing with aquatic ecosystems. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of cyfluthrin on freshwater mussels, one of the aquatic invertebrate species, with hemocyte parameters. Total hemolymph counts, hemolymph cell morphology, and differential hemocyte counts were performed from hemolymph taken from mussels exposed to different cyfluthrin doses exposures for 24 and 48 hours. Compared to the control group, the total hemocyte counts of the experimental groups were found to increase in 24h and decrease in 48h significantly (p<0.05). In the examination of hemocyte morphologies, granular, semi granular, and hyalinocyte cells were observed. Similar values of differential hemocyte counts were found both 24 and 48h exposure times. As a result, in aquatic toxicology studies, besides total hemocyte count, analysis of hemocyte morphologies and differential hemocyte counts are found to be good biomarkers.
The Contrasting Delayed Effects of Transient Exposure of Colorectal Cancer Cells to Decitabine or Azacitidine

Simple Summary Decitabine and azacitidine are cytosine analogs representing the class of drugs interfering with DNA methylation. Due to their molecular homology and similar clinical application these drugs are viewed as interchangeable. Despite their unique epigenetic mechanism of action, the studies of the prolonged activity of decitabine and azacitidine are rare. Our head-to-head comparison revealed profound differences in the activities of decitabine and azacitidine important in their anti-cancer potential and clinical application. We show that azacitidine, despite significant immediate toxicity, has negligible long-term effects. Contrary, decitabine, which does not exert initial toxicity, profoundly worsened the condition of the cancer cells over time. The effects of decitabine need a relatively long time to develop. This property is crucial for the proper design of studies or therapy involving decitabine. It undermines opinion about the similar therapeutic mechanism and interchangeability of decitabine and azacitidine. Abstract (1) Background: Decitabine and azacitidine are cytosine analogues representing the class of drugs interfering with DNA methylation. Due to their molecular homology and similar clinical application, both drugs are often regarded as interchangeable. Despite their unique mechanism of action the studies designed for observation and comparison of the prolonged activity of these drugs are rare. (2) Methods: The short-time (20–72 h) and long-term (up to 20 days) anti-cancer activity of decitabine and azacitidine has been studied in colorectal cancer cells. We observe the impact on cell culture’s viability, clonogenicity, proliferation, and expression of CDKN1A, CCND1, MDM2, MYC, CDKN2A, GLB1 genes, and activity of SA-β-galactosidase. (3) Results: Decitabine has much stronger anti-clonogenic activity than azacitidine. We show that azacitidine, despite significant immediate toxicity, has negligible long-term effects. Contrary, decitabine, which does not exert initial toxicity, profoundly worsened the condition of the cells over time. On the 13th day after treatment, the viability of cells was decreased and proliferation inhibited. These functional changes were accompanied by up-regulation of expression CDKN1A, CCND1, and CDKN2A genes and increased activation of SA-β-galactosidase, indicating cellular senescence. (4) Conclusions: Our head-to-head comparison revealed profound differences in the activities of decitabine and azacitidine important in their anti-cancer potential and clinical application. The effects of decitabine need relatively long time to develop. This property is crucial for proper design of studies and therapy concerning decitabine and undermines opinion about the similar therapeutic mechanism and interchangeability of these drugs.
Uric Acid and Oxidative Stress—Relationship with Cardiovascular, Metabolic, and Renal Impairment

Background: The connection between uric acid (UA) and renal impairment is well known due to the urate capacity to precipitate within the tubules or extra-renal system. Emerging studies allege a new hypothesis concerning UA and renal impairment involving a pro-inflammatory status, endothelial dysfunction, and excessive activation of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS). Additionally, hyperuricemia associated with oxidative stress is incriminated in DNA damage, oxidations, inflammatory cytokine production, and even cell apoptosis. There is also increasing evidence regarding the association of hyperuricemia with chronic kidney disease (CKD), cardiovascular disease, and metabolic syndrome or diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: Important aspects need to be clarified regarding hyperuricemia predisposition to oxidative stress and its effects in order to initiate the proper treatment to determine the optimal maintenance of UA level, improving patients’ long-term prognosis and their quality of life.
Evaluation of Nursing Students’ Peripheral Intravenous Catheter (Insertion/Placement) Attempts with Simulator

Nursing is an applied profession that requires the merger of theoretical knowledge with application skills in a proper and meaningful way. Nursing education requires detailed and comprehensive knowledge in many areas. Today, the limited clinical application areas, the shortened hospital stays of patients, medical errors, patient safety and legal regulations within the complex structure of the healthcare system have affected the practical training of students. When educational system-based causes are added to the above stated issues, it is not always possible for students to gain appropriate clinical experience because they spend less time in the clinical setting. However, despite these restrictions, it is expected that graduates can perform all the applications of the nursing profession in a complete and correct manner. For this reason, using technical equipment and hardware enabling simulation training in laboratory settings where nursing students can experience nursing practices before working with the patient, and where they can be
Random Sampling and Reconstruction of Sparse Time- and Band-Limited Signals

Abstract The random sampling and reconstruction algorithm of sparse time- and band-limited signals, which stem from bandlimited functions, is studied in this paper. For time- and band-limited signals, considering the projection on a finite-dimensional solution space, the reconstruction algorithm can therefore be described by a matrix. Especially, we study the case of the finite-dimensional spaces with regard to time- and band-limited signals. First, as the cardinality of the sample value is not less than the dimension of solution space, we prove that the coefficient matrix has full rank. Second, as sample value is insufficient, especially spare time- and band-limited signals, based on the Restricted Isometry Property (RIP) condition and the concentration inequality of a probability distribution for random sampling, we present a reconstruction from few randomly chosen samples on Finally, numerical experiments show that with high probability the time- and band-limited signals can be approximately recovered provided τ-sparsity of non-vanishing coefficients ak .
Concept maps as a novel assessment tool in medical education

Background: We conducted a pilot study to investigate the use of Concept Maps (CMs) in a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) setting as a complementary tool to current educational techniques for enhancing medical student knowledge and critical thinking. We also introduced a measure from the field of graph theory as an objective means of CM quality assessment. Methods: Participants were first-year medical students with no or minor prior CM experience. All participants completed questionnaires (demographic information and assessment of learning style) to establish a baseline measure against which the change in clinical and critical thinking was assessed. They were asked to prepare CMs for three PBL cases, and following the submission of the CMs they completed semi-structured critical and clinical thinking questionnaires. A clinical expert also created corresponding “benchmark” CMs for comparison. Qualitative (Wordclouds) and quantitative (graph theory) analysis provided a summary of the key concepts and quantified the CM quality respectively, compared to the “benchmark” CMs. Results: Questionnaires revealed that CMs helped students recall information, organize material in a concise manner, prepare better for their PBL session and provided a good revision tool. It was also found that graph-theoretical measures (graph density, modularity) were suitable for objectively distinguishing between CMs that captured more in-depth knowledge, compared to CMs that contained simpler associations. Conclusions: We have shown that it is possible to quantify CM quality using graph-theoretical measures, such as graph density and modularity.
Behavior characteristics of a cap-resistor, memcapacitor, and a memristor from the response obtained of RC and RL electrical circuits described by fractional differential equations

This paper provides an analysis of RC and RL electrical circuits described by a fractional dierential equation of Caputo type. The order considered is 0 < � 1. The Laplace transform of the fractional derivative is used. To keep the dimensionality of the physical quantities, R, C, L, and an auxiliary parameter are introduced, characterizing the existence of fractional components in the system. The relationship between and is reported. The response obtained from the fractional RC and RL circuits exhibits the characteristic behaviors of a cap-resistor, memcapacitor, and memristor, as well as charge-voltage for memcapacitive systems and current-voltage for memristive systems. The relationship between Ohm's law and Faraday's laws for the charge stored in a capacitor and induction is reported. Illustrative examples are presented.
Pengaruh Tax Avoidance dan Struktur Modal terhadap Nilai Perusahaan

Abstract. Every company has a goal to increase the value of its company from time to time. High company value will provide prosperity for company owners or shareholders (Wahyudi & Pawestri, 2006). The owner of the company will increase the value of the company optimally by moving financial management. Financial management optimizes company value by optimizing a company's capital structure and doing tax planning (Karimah & Taufiq, 2016). Competition between every company is getting tougher in this era of globalization, so companies demand to develop in order to keep up with the times. This is an obstacle for the company, because it requires resources to continue to grow. This study aims to determine how the effect of tax avoidance and capital structure on firm value. The method used in this study is a quantitative verification method with a quantitative approach. Data obtained from the annual financial statements of each consumer goods industrial sector company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017-2020. The sample used in this study were 68 reports representing 17 companies for 4 years of research. The results of the research that the authors conducted show that tax avoidance has a significant positive effect on firm value, and also capital structure has a significant positive effect on firm value in consumer goods industrial sector companies listed on the stock exchange in 2017-2020. Abstrak. Setiap perusahaan memiliki tujuan untuk meningkatkan nilai perusahaannya dari waktu ke waktu. Nilai perusahaan yang tinggi akan memberikan kemakmuran bagi pemilik perusahaan atau para pemegang saham (Wahyudi & Pawestri, 2006). Pemilik perusahaan akan meningkatkan nilai perusahaan secara optimal dengan menggerakan manajemen Keuangan. Manajemen keuangan mengoptimalkan nilai perusahaan bisa dengan mengoptimalkan struktur modal suatu perusahaan dan melakukan perencanaan pajak (Karimah & Taufiq, 2016). Persaingan antara setiap perusahaan semakin ketat di era globalisasi ini, sehingga menuntut perusahaan untuk berkembang agar dapat mengikuti perkembangan zaman. Hal tersebut menjadi kendala bagi perusahaan, karena dibutuhkannya pendanaan untuk terus berkembang.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh tax avoidancedan struktur modal terhadap nilai perusahaan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode verifikatif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data yang diperoleh diambil dari laporan keuangan tahunan setiap perusahaan sektor industri barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari tahun 2017-2020. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 68 laporan yang mewakili 17 perusahaan selama 4 tahun penelitian. Hasil dari penelitian yang penulis lakukan menunjukkan bahwa tax avoidanceberpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan, dan juga struktur modal berpengaruh posifit signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan sektor industri barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di bursa efek pada tahun 2017-2020.
Non-contact measurement of human respiration using an infrared thermal camera and the deep learning method

The existing methods of contact respiration rate (RR) measurement can bring discomfort to the person being measured. However, RR is a human index that has to be monitored in clinical medicine. To overcome the limitations of contact measurement methods, a non-contact RR measurement method based on an infrared thermal camera is proposed. This is based on the phenomenon that human breathing causes periodic temperature changes around the nostrils. First, an infrared thermal camera is used to collect image sequences of the human face. And then, to track a region-of-interest (ROI) in moving image sequences, the You Only Look Once V3 deep learning method is used to track the nostril ROI from the recorded facial image sequences. The performance of the deep learning model is analyzed through experiments. The average temperature of the nostril ROI of the tracked image is calculated, and the temperature change value of the continuous image series can be obtained. The temperature change curve reflects the respiratory process. A Butterworth low-pass filter is used to filter the continuous temperature value to obtain robust respiratory signals, to improve the signal-noise ratio. Last, the respiratory rate is calculated by time-domain and frequency-domain methods. RR is calculated in different conditions, such as normal respiration, fast respiration, and slow respiration. Through the training, the training accuracy of the model reaches 97.9%. Experimental results show that the method can achieve high precision, and the maximum error is not more than 2%. Those indicate the proposed method can effectively measure the RR. Therefore, the proposed non-contact RR measurement method can be a useful reference for clinical RR measurement and other applications.