Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Principia : Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy

In his monumental 1687 work "Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica", known familiarly as the "Principia", Isaac Newton laid out in mathematical terms the principles of time, force, and motion that have guided the development of modern physical science. Even after more than three centuries and the revolutions of Einsteinian relativity and quantum mechanics, Newtonian physics continues to account for many of the phenomena of the observed world, and Newtonian celestial dynamics is used to determine the orbits of our space vehicles. This completely new translation, the first in 270 years, is based on the third (1726) edition, the final revised version approved by Newton; it includes extracts from the earlier editions, corrects errors found in earlier versions, and replaces archaic English with contemporary prose and up-to-date mathematical forms. Newton's principles describe acceleration, deceleration, and inertial movement; fluid dynamics; and, the motions of the earth, moon, planets, and comets. A great work in itself, the "Principia" also revolutionized the methods of scientific investigation. It set forth the fundamental three laws of motion and the law of universal gravity, the physical principles that account for the Copernican system of the world as emended by Kepler, thus effectively ending controversy concerning the Copernican planetary system. The illuminating "Guide to the Principia" by I. Bernard Cohen, along with his and Anne Whitman's translation, will make this preeminent work truly accessible for today's scientists, scholars, and students.
A study on wideband gap-coupled microstrip antenna arrays

A method for increasing the bandwidth of microstrip antenna arrays by using gap-coupled patches is described. The input impedance properties of gap-coupled patches are analyzed by the use of the spectral dyadic Green's function for a grounded dielectric slab and the moment method. The dependence of different parameters such as s, L and /spl epsiv/r on the impedance characteristics is investigated. In considering the effect of feed network, the impedance bandwidth for a VSWR >
An End-To-End Secure Mobile Payment System Using Public Key Infrastructure System

The exponential growth of wireless technologies and mobile devices, the mobile commerce becomes a significant for every one's life. Its popularity introduces a new channel for the research that is, M-Payment or Mobile Payment in terms of identifying new applications, designing frameworks, and producing innovative business models. The development of secured mobile payment system becomes a major research topic in the field of mobile commerce. A study reveals that there are wide ranges of mobile payment solutions and models available in the market, but there is no specific and global mobile payment system for academic institutions without huge investment. To overcome, this paper proposes a novel model called Mobile Payment Consortia System (MPCS) to carry out the transactions from the bank to the academic institutions for the payment of fees by students through mobile phone. MPCS provides an end-to-end security using Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). This paper mainly focuses on strong authentication and secure communication between the institution server and MPCS Server. This model can be extended to all educational institutions, training divisions and universities so as to help the necessary payments by the students through mobile devices.
Pension Reforms, Longer Working Horizons and Depression. Does the Risk of Automation Matter?

IZA DP No. 15700 NOVEMBER 2022 Pension Reforms, Longer Working Horizons and Depression. Does the Risk of Automation Matter? * We investigate the effect of postponing minimum retirement age on middle-aged workers’ depression. Using pension reforms in several European countries and data from the SHARE survey, we find that depression increases with a longer work horizon, but only among workers employed in occupations with a relatively high risk of automation. We rule out alternatives to this risk, including job strenuousness, education, gender, and the degree of routinization of occupations. We explain our results with the higher job insecurity associated with occupations more exposed to automation. JEL Classification: I1, J24, J26, O33
Voyager measurement of the rotation period of Saturn's magnetic field

We determine Saturn's radio rotation period using measurements made by the Planetary Radio Astronomy experiment onboard the Voyager spacecraft. The sidereal period deduced is 10 hr 39 min 24 sec ±7 sec. The radio rotation period is presumably that of the planet's magnetic field. We propose a provisional Saturn longitude convention, and we provide equations to compute a longitude ephemeris and to transform between the proposed system and the (10 hr 14 min) system used for the Pioneer 11/Saturn encounter. In addition, we evaluate the degree of longitude smearing which could result over the long term from the merging of data sets organized in this system. Finally, no evidence of control of the radio emission by any of Saturn's satellites is found.
Microfluidics: Fabrications and Applications

Abstract Microfluidics are devices or systems that can manipulate fluid flows with characteristic length scales in the micrometer range. They are powerful tools in chemistry, physics, and biology. Microfluidic systems possess the capability to execute operations more quickly, while consuming smaller amounts of chemicals and solvents, which results in lower energy use and generation of waste. With various currently available microfabrication techniques, along with improved microfabrication techniques, this technology field is moving toward industrialisation. The diversity of substrate materials makes the fabrication of various types of microchannels possible, to suit the wide applications of microfluidics.
Could uric acid to high density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio be considered as a marker of hemodialysis sufficiency?

Aim: Hemodialysis (HD) is one of the most widely utilized renal replacement therapies in individuals with end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). The purpose of this study was to compare the Uric acid to HDL cholesterol ratio (UHR) levels of well-treated HD patients to those of those who had inadequate HD therapy. Materials and Methods: Data on HD patients were acquired from patient files and the institution's database. A URR value of more than 70% designated the sufficient HD group, whereas less than 70% defined the insufficient HD group. Furthermore, laboratory data, such as the UHR of the study groups, were compared. Results: The UHRs for adequate and inadequate HD were 0.160±04 and 0.20±0.07, respectively. The UHR of patients with insufficient HD was substantially greater than that of the subjects with sufficient HD (p=0.004). Besides, UHR was substantially and positively connected with urea before HD (r=0.37, p=0.001), urea after HD (r=0.39, p=0.001), serum creatinine before HD (r=0.48, p0.001), serum creatinine after HD (r=0.45, p0.001), and negatively correlated with URR (r=-0.29, p=0.008), according to correlation analyses. In individuals with chronic renal disease, a UHR value higher than 0.16 exhibited 67% sensitivity and 57% specificity in detecting inadequate HD. Conclusion: We propose that UHR, in addition to URR, might be used to determine HS sufficiency in CKD patients undergoing HD therapy.
Full delayed state feedback pole assignment of discrete‐time time‐delay systems

This paper studies the problem of pole assignment of discrete‐time time delay system with delayed state feedback. The problem is solved in this paper by requiring that the maximal delay in the feedback equals the maximal delay of the open‐loop system. A necessary and sufficient condition guaranteeing the existence of a solution is presented. By using the augmentation technique, the pole assignment problem is then transformed to the problem of solving a linear matrix equation such that certain conditions are satisfied. To solve the linear equation problem, when the desired closed‐loop eigenvalues are not prescribed, a parametric approach using real arithmetic is presented by using polynomial matrices associated with the system matrices. When the desired closed‐loop eigenvalues are prescribed, singular value decomposition can be adopted to solve the linear matrix equation. Both approaches can provide full degree of freedom, which can be further utilized to accomplish some other design objects. The robust pole assignment problem is considered to demonstrate the advantages of the method. Numerical examples are employed to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The fundamental group of a log terminal T -variety

We introduce an approach to study the fundamental group of a log terminal T -variety. As applications, we prove the simply connectedness of the spectrum of the Cox ring of a complex Fano variety, we compute the fundamental group of a rational log terminal T -variety of complexity one, and we study the local fundamental group of a log terminal T -singularity with a good torus action and trivial GIT decomposition.
Dunford–Pettis Sets, V * -Sets, and Property ð MB * Þ

In this paper, we study how some localized properties, e.g., Dunford–Pettis sets, and V (cid:2) -sets can be used to study more global structure properties. We introduce a new class of Banach spaces called Banach spaces with property ð MB (cid:2) Þ . We say that a space X has property ð MB (cid:2) Þ if every V (cid:2) -set in X is a Dunford–Pettis set in X . We characterize those spaces which have property ð MB (cid:2) Þ . It is shown that X has property ð MB (cid:2) Þ if and only if for every Banach space Y , every unconditionally converging adjoint operator T (cid:2) from X (cid:2) to Y (cid:2) is completely continuous. Also, we recall property ( MB ) for Banach spaces and then study relation between these two properties.
Concavity of Perelman's $\mathcal{W}$-functional over the space of K\"ahler potentials

In this short note we observe that the concavity of Perelman's $\mathcal{W}$-functional over a neighborhood of a K\"ahler-Ricci soliton inside the space of K\"ahler potentials is a direct consequence of author's solution of the variational stability problem for K\"ahler-Ricci solitons. Independently, we provide a rather simple proof of this fact based on some elementary formulas obtained in our previous work.
The Effect of Aiding/Opposing Buoyancy on Two-Dimensional Laminar Flow Across a Circular Cylinder

The effect of thermal buoyancy on the upward flow and heat transfer characteristics around a heated/cooled circular cylinder is studied. A two-dimensional finite-volume model is deployed for the analysis. The influence of aiding/opposing buoyancy is studied for the range of parameters −0.5 ≤ Ri ≤ 0.5, 50 ≤ Re ≤ 150, and the blockage ratios of B = 0.02 and 0.25. The flow shows unsteady periodic nature in the chosen range of Reynolds numbers for the forced convective cases (Ri = 0), and the vortex shedding stops completely at some critical values of Richardson numbers.
Study on Castor Oil-based Cationic Waterborne Polyurethane and Its Application

The raw material for polyurethane synthesis is mainly polyols, while traditional polyols come from fossil resources. With the decrease of fossil resources, the synthesis of polyurethane by vegetable oil-based polyols has gradually gained more attention. Castor oil is a kind of plant oil-based polyols, which are the most suitable plant oil polyols because of its non-toxic, biodegradable and trihydroxy structure. Polyurethane synthesized with castor oil as a polyol has many special properties, such as good antibacterial properties, anti-UV properties, good biocompatibility and biodegradable properties. This paper explores the performance and application of castor oil-based cationic waterbased polyurethane (CWPU), which is helpful to promote its performance research and wider application.
The Modified Cubature Kalman Filter for Relative Navigation of Space Target Tracking

At present, the trend of improving the mobility of fast acquisition, long-term tracking and high-precision control has been formed in China. The continuous observation ability of non-cooperative targets and good imaging performance in motion are important trends in the development of optical remote sensing technology. Aiming at the high-precision observation and real-time tracking requirements of high orbit space satellites, this paper studies the high-precision relative navigation of space non cooperative targets. In order to solve the problem that the estimation accuracy of Cubature Kalman filter (CKF) decreases when the system visibility is low, a modified Cubature Kalman filter (MCKF) based on the visibility is proposed. This algorithm defines a system visibility characterization method based on the error gain matrix of the filtering process, and proposes the visibility scaling parameter based on this method, The filter gain covariance matrix is adjusted online, so that the algorithm can adjust the weight of state prediction and system observation online according to the observability of the current time. Numerical simulation shows that compared with CKF, the estimation accuracy of MCKF is improved by about 4 times, and MCKF stabilizes faster and has higher accuracy.
Double rod Nd: YAG laser with 180 W average output power and diffraction limited beam quality via path matched birefringence compensation

The rod geometry for high power solid state lasers has been proven to be both, reliable and reasonably inexpensive. On the other hand, setting up rod lasers with excellent beam quality implies a number of problems that have to be tackled. One of the most serious problems for isotropic crystals like Nd:YAG might be the effect of depolarization and bifocusing due to thermally induced birefringence (tib). The effect of tib can be compensated by a 90 degree(s) polarization rotation between two identical rods. However, because of the finite length of the laser rods in an optimized compensation scheme, matching the two paths in the two laser rods becomes necessary. By doing this, one wide stability region is yielded. The laser behaves like a single rod laser, and the beam path for the radial and tangential eigenmode becomes the same. Thereby, excellent beam qualities at high output powers can be achieved. Our Nd:YAG double rod system provides a maximum average output power of 180 W with a beam propagation factor of M2< 1.2. It is quasi cw diode pumped with a repetition rate of around 1 kHz and a pump pulse length of 250 microsecond(s) . The laser heads contain 3 star like arranged sets of diode bars being set up in a complementary position to each other. The maximum average pump power per laser head is 800 W.
The evolutionary thermal response of a white dwarf to compressional heating by periodic dwarf nova accretion events

The thermal response of the underlying white dwarf in a cataclysmic variable to the periodic deposition of mass by a dwarf nova accretion event is simulated with a quasi-static stellar evolution code incorporating time variable accretion. After accretion at rates typical of dwarf nova outbursts (approx. 10(exp -7) to 10(exp -8)/yr) for outburst durations of days to 2 weeks, the radial infall is shut off and the evolution of the white dwarf is followed during dwarf nova quiescence. The matter is assumed to accrete softly with the same entropy as the white dwarf outer layers. In some sequences accretion is resumed and shut off repeatedly at intervals of months to simulate the thermal evolution of the white dwarf in typical dwarf novae such as SS Cygni and U Geminorum, between successive dwarf nova outbursts. Thermal timescales for white dwarf cooling following a given dwarf nova outburst depend upon the accretion rate, outburst duration, and white dwarf mass; they are nominally in the range 0.2-0.8 years for parameters typical of dwarf novae (white dwarf masses in the range 1.2-0.6 solar mass, outburst accretion rates in the range 1 x 10(exp -7)-10(exp -8) solar mass/yr, outburst durations in the range 7-14, days and quiescent intervals of 30-300 days). If the e-folding timescale of the white dwarf cooling is shorter than the quiescent interval bewteen outbursts, then the effect of compressional heating is too small to be observationally detectable.
Asymptotic properties of prediction error estimators in approximate system identification

Ljung and Caines[1,2 and 4], establish almost sure convergence and asymptotic normality of prediction error estimators for approximately identifying a given dynamical system as an element within a postulated class of models which need not necessarily include the sytem. These theorems amy be regarded as instances of a strong law of large numbers and a central limit theorem. This note complements the results of Ljung and Caines by establishing a Donsker functional central limit theorem, classical law of the iterated logarithm and Strassen functional law of the iterated logarithm for prediction error estimators These results may be used to find almost sure rates of convergence as well as limiting distributions of various functionals of the sequence of estimators
Adherence to Remote Microphone System use at school in children and adolescents with hearing loss

ABSTRACT Purpose To identify relationships between Remote Microphone System (RMS) use in the classroom and the schools’ and teachers’ characteristics. Methods We analyzed 120 subjects aged 5 to 17 years with hearing loss who had received an RMS from a health service accredited by the Unified Health System (SUS). The teachers of RMS users were the other subjects in the study. We analyzed the patients’ medical records and interviewed their parents/guardians at the follow-up visit to verify issues related to the RMS and its use at school. We contacted the schools over the phone and visited some of them. Results Of the students, 54% used the device at school; 22% involuntarily did not use it; and 24% voluntarily did not use it. The Speech Intelligibility Index pattern of those who used the RMS was similar to those who involuntarily did not use it. There was a significant difference between the type of school and educational level – 86% of regular school students and elementary school students tend to use the device more often (62%). Conclusion Most subjects use the RMS at school. The students’ educational level also interfered with the adherence to RMS use, as elementary school students had a higher adherence. The data suggest that the coordination between health services and schools favors RMS use. However, when the parents mediate this relationship, other factors interfere with the systematic RMS use in the school routine.
Density and white light brightness in looplike coronal mass ejections: Temporal evolution

The preceding paper (Steinolfson, this issue) describes three ambient coronal models suitable for the study of time-dependent phenomena: (1) a static corona with a dipole magnetic field, (2) a steady polytropic corona with an equatorial coronal streamer, and (3) a heated corona with an equatorial coronal streamer. We now consider the propagation of coronal mass ejections initiated in each atmosphere by an identical energy source. A localized thermal energy input at the base of closed field regions produces mass ejections that are simulated by numerical integration of the MHD equations. We show that the computed ejection in the first atmosphere listed above does not adequately represent the general characteristics of observed looplike mass ejections. The simulated ejection in a polytropic corona with a streamer does simulate some of the observed features. It is only when a heating term is added to the initial atmosphere with a streamer that all of these are reproduced. A detailed comparison between a computed mass ejection and a representative observation demonstrates that the simulation can also duplicate some of the quantitative properties (e.g., brightness level) of individual looplike ejections.
Menopausal symptoms in breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant endocrine therapy and their relationships with health-promoting behaviors and social support

The prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms are high in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant endocrine therapy. Higher health-promoting behaviors and social support are associated with fewer menopausal symptoms. Abstract Objective To investigate the prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms in patients with breast cancer undergoing adjuvant endocrine therapy and explore the relationships of these symptoms with health-promoting behaviors and social support. Methods This cross-sectional study investigated 226 participants from December 2020 to December 2021 in China. Data were collected using the sociodemographic information questionnaire, Menopause Rating Scale, the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II, and Perceived Social Support Survey. Multivariate step regression was used to analyze the potential factors of menopausal symptoms. Results In our sample of 226 patients, 92.9% reported at least one menopausal symptom with a mean score of 13 points (interquartile range, 9-18 points). The highest prevalence of most symptoms included hot flashes/night sweats, fatigue, joint and muscular discomfort, irritability, and sleep problems. In the regression models, health responsibility (β = −0.15, P = 0.03), spiritual growth (β = −0.28, P < 0.01), friend support (β = −0.43, P < 0.01), and other support (β = −0.31, P = 0.01) were negatively associated with menopausal symptoms. Conclusions The prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms are high in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant endocrine therapy. Higher health-promoting behaviors and social support are associated with fewer menopausal symptoms. The findings highlight the clinical implications in terms of developing appropriate strategies for managing menopausal symptoms.
Plant Gall Diversity in Burned Semi-natural Grasslands in Japan

Abstract We surveyed woody plants, including oaks and chestnuts (Quercus L. and Castanea Mill.), and recorded the inhabiting galls induced by oak gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) at seven Japanese semi-natural grassland sites maintained by traditional regular burning with two of the seven abandoned grassland areas. Woody plants were established in all burned and abandoned grasslands. Oak species were found at four of the seven sites. In total, 15 types of cynipid galls were recorded at all four sites where oak species were found. However, the occurrence of species was site-specific for host trees and cynipid galls. Although a few ecological studies of oak gall wasps inhabiting grassland environments, which have rapidly decreased in recent decades, have been conducted, this study suggests that semi-natural grasslands may be potential habitats for oak gall wasps and their host trees, and we provide a checklist of oak gall wasps with host oak records in semi-natural grasslands throughout Japan.