Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SoLEXS - A low-energy X-ray Spectrometer for Solar Coronal Studies

A Solar Low-energy X-ray Spectrometer (SoLEXS), a high spectral resolution (\leq 250 eV at 5.9 keV) instrument with soft X-ray energy coverage (\leq 1.5 keV), is being proposed as an additional payload on-board Aditya-1. The motivation behind this is to complement the visible emission line space solar coronagraph, the main payload on Aditya-1. The science goals in which SoLEXS data will compliment the main payload are: (i) Understanding of DC heating mechanism, (ii) Studies on the Flare-CME relations from the same platform, (iii) Independent and accurate estimates of temperature and emission measure at the flaring sites, and (iv) Coronal abundance studies and its variations during flares. Apart from these four major science goals, this instrument in principle can provide a flare trigger to the main payload and help in optimizing the on-board memory storage.
Theoretical priors on modified growth parametrisations

Next generation surveys will observe the large-scale structure of the Universe with unprecedented accuracy. This will enable us to test the relationships between matter over-densities, the curvature perturbation and the Newtonian potential. Any large-distance modification of gravity or exotic nature of dark energy modifies these relationships as compared to those predicted in the standard smooth dark energy model based on General Relativity. In linear theory of structure growth such modifications are often parameterised by virtue of two functions of space and time that enter the relation of the curvature perturbation to, first, the matter over- density, and second, the Newtonian potential. We investigate the predictions for these functions in Brans-Dicke theory, clustering dark energy models and interacting dark energy models. We find that each theory has a distinct path in the parameter space of modified growth. Understanding these theoretical priors on the parameterisations of modified growth is essential to reveal the nature of cosmic acceleration with the help of upcoming observations of structure formation.
Positively deflected anomaly mediation in the light of the Higgs boson discovery

Anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking (AMSB) is a well-known mechanism for flavor-blind transmission of supersymmetry breaking from the hidden sector to the visible sector. However, the pure AMSB scenario suffers from a serious drawback, namely, the tachyonic slepton problem, and needs to be extended. The so-called (positively) deflected AMSB is a simple extension to solve the problem and also provides us with the usual neutralino lightest superpartner as a good candidate for dark matter in the Universe. Motivated by the recent discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments, we perform the parameter scan in the deflected AMSB scenario by taking into account a variety of phenomenological constraints such as the dark matter relic density and the observed Higgs boson mass around 125-126 GeV. We identify the allowed parameter region and list benchmark mass spectra. We find that in most of the allowed parameter regions, the dark matter neutralino is Higgsino-like and its elastic scattering cross section with nuclei is within the future reach of the direct dark matter search experiments, while (colored) sparticles are quite heavy and their discovery at the LHC is challenging.
CENSUS OF SELF-OBSCURED MASSIVE STARS IN NEARBY GALAXIES WITH SPITZER: IMPLICATIONS FOR UNDERSTANDING THE PROGENITORS OF SN 2008S-LIKE TRANSIENTS

A new link in the causal mapping between massive stars and potentially fatal explosive transients opened with the 2008 discovery of the dust-obscured progenitors of the luminous outbursts in NGC 6946 and NGC 300. Here, we carry out a systematic mid-IR photometric search for massive, luminous, and self-obscured stars in four nearby galaxies: M33, NGC 300, M81, and NGC 6946. For detection, we use only the 3.6 μm and 4.5 μm IRAC bands, as these can still be used for multi-epoch Spitzer surveys of nearby galaxies (≲10 Mpc). We combine familiar point-spread function and aperture photometry with an innovative application of image subtraction to catalog the self-obscured massive stars in these galaxies. In particular, we verify that stars analogous to the progenitors of the NGC 6946 (SN 2008S) and NGC 300 transients are truly rare in all four galaxies: their number may be as low as ∼1 per galaxy at any given moment. This result empirically supports the idea that the dust-enshrouded phase is a very short lived phenomenon in the lives of many massive stars and that these objects constitute a natural extension of the asymptotic giant branch sequence. We also provide mid-IR catalogs of sources in NGC 300, M81, and NGC 6946.
Opto-electronic characterization of three dimensional topological insulators

We demonstrate that the terahertz/infrared radiation induced photogalvanic effect, which is sensitive to the surface symmetry and scattering details, can be applied to study the high frequency conductivity of the surface states in (Bi1−xSbx)2Te3 based three dimensional (3D) topological insulators (TIs). In particular, measuring the polarization dependence of the photogalvanic current and scanning with a micrometre sized beam spot across the sample, provides access to (i) topographical inhomogeneities in the electronic properties of the surface states and (ii) the local domain orientation. An important advantage of the proposed method is that it can be applied to study TIs at room temperature and even in materials with a high electron density of bulk carriers.
The role of parasitic modes in nonlinear closure via the resolvent feedback loop

We use the feedback loop of McKeon \& Sharma (2010), where the nonlinear term in the Navier-Stokes equations is treated as an intrinsic forcing of the linear resolvent operator, to educe the structure of fluctuations in the range of scales (wavenumbers) where linear mechanisms are not active. In this region, the absence of dominant linear mechanisms is reflected in the lack of low-rank characteristics of the resolvent and in the disagreement between the structure of resolvent modes and actual flow features. To demonstrate the procedure, we choose low Reynolds number cylinder flow and the Couette equilibrium solution EQ1, which are representative of very low-rank flows dominated by one linear mechanism. The former is evolving in time, allowing us to compare resolvent modes with Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) modes at the first and second harmonics of the shedding frequency. There is a match between the modes at the first harmonic but not at the second harmonic where there is no separation of the resolvent operator's singular values. We compute the self-interaction of the resolvent mode at the shedding frequency and illustrate its similarity to the nonlinear forcing of the second harmonic. When it is run through the resolvent operator, the `forced' resolvent mode shows better agreement with the DMD mode. A similar phenomenon is observed for the fundamental streamwise wavenumber of the EQ1 solution and its second harmonic. The importance of parasitic modes, labeled as such since they are driven by the amplified frequencies, is their contribution to the nonlinear forcing of the main amplification mechanisms as shown for the shedding mode, which has subtle discrepancies with its DMD counterpart.
Black Hole in the Expanding Universe with Arbitrary Power-Law Expansion

We present a time-dependent and spatially inhomogeneous solution that interpolates the extremal Reissner-Nordstroem (RN) black hole and the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) universe with arbitrary power-law expansion. It is an exact solution of the D-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton system, where two Abelian gauge fields couple to the dilaton with different coupling constants, and the dilaton field has a Liouville-type exponential potential. It is shown that the system satisfies the weak energy condition. The solution involves two harmonic functions on a (D-1)-dimensional Ricci-flat base space. In the case where the harmonics have a single-point source on the Euclidean space, we find that the spacetime describes a spherically symmetric charged black hole in the FLRW universe, which is characterized by three parameters: the steepness parameter of the dilaton potential n{sub T}, the U(1) charge Q, and the nonextremality {tau}. In contrast with the extremal RN solution, the spacetime admits a nondegenerate Killing horizon unless these parameters are finely tuned. The global spacetime structures are discussed in detail.
Superdirectional light emission and emission reversal from microcavity arrays

Optical microdisk cavities with certain asymmetric shapes are known to possess unidirectional far-field emission properties. Here, we investigate arrays of these dielectric microresonators with respect to their emission properties resulting from the coherent behaviour of the coupled constituents. This approach is inspired by electronic mesoscopic physics where the additional interference effects are known to enhance the properties of the individual system. As an example we study the linear arrangement of nominally identical Limacon-shaped cavities and find mostly an increase of the portion of directional emitted light while its angular spread is largely diminished from 20 degrees for the single cavity to about 3 degrees for a linear array of 10 Limacon resonators, in fair agreement with a simple array model. Moreover, by varying the inter-cavity distance we observe windows of reversion of the emission directionality and super-directionality that can be interesting for applications. We introduce a generalized array factor model that takes the coupling into account.
Community-Based Tourism Management during the Coronavirus Pandemic along the Andaman Coast of Thailand

The spread of the coronavirus pandemic from the end of 2019 until the present has drastically changed the trends in the tourism service industry around the world, also in community-based tourism in Thailand. This qualitative research article aimed to explain community-based tourism management during the coronavirus pandemic and includes multiple case studies in five communities of five provinces (Phangnga, Phuket, Krabi, Trang, and Satun provinces) along the Andaman coast of Thailand, which creates an understanding of the characteristics of community-based tourism management for application in specific situations. The data were collected from January to March 2022 via online in-depth interviews and online focus group discussions, with ten key informants and community-based tourism entrepreneurs (two representatives from each). Then, the data were verified using triangulation and analyzed by using content analysis. The results revealed that the community-based tourism management in the Andaman coastal area of Thailand was based on the communities’ cultural and natural resources. The tourism operation during the coronavirus 2019 pandemic was focused on building confidence and safety for tourists, namely: 1) characteristics of vaccinated tourists entering the communities and preferred quality tourists; 2) communities’ readiness for receiving tourists — service staff was regularly checked for coronavirus, renovations were done, and tourism activities were designed to be appropriate in a pandemic situation; 3) public relations and communication of the communities’ good image were pursued; 4) community development sought to achieve the standard of the Thailand Safety and Health Administration; 5) a surveillance system was established to monitor community situations. However, recommendations based on this research are that the government should support community-based tourism operations through tax measures, financial projects allocated to the communities, and technology to promote tourism on various platforms. Results from this research can be applied to community-based tourism entrepreneurs, especially in other areas of Thailand.
AC magnetic field sensing using continuous-wave optically detected magnetic resonance of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are considered sensors for detecting magnetic fields. Pulsed optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) is typically used to detect AC magnetic fields; however, this technique can only be implemented after careful calibration that involves aligning an external static magnetic field, measuring continuous-wave (CW) ODMR, determining the Rabi frequency, and setting the microwave phase. In contrast, CW-ODMR can be simply implemented by continuous application of green CW laser and a microwave filed. In this letter, we report a method that uses NV centers and CW-ODMR to detect AC magnetic fields. Unlike conventional methods that use NV centers to detect AC magnetic fields, the proposed method requires neither a pulse sequence nor an externally applied DC magnetic field; this greatly simplifies the procedure and apparatus needed to implement this method. This method provides a sensitivity of 2.5 {\mu}T/Hz$^{1/2}$ at room temperature. Thus, this simple alternative to existing AC magnetic field sensors paves the way for a practical and feasible quantum sensor.
FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE DETECTION OF GRAVITATIONAL LENS DELAYED γ-RAY FLARES FROM BLAZAR B0218+357

Using data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT), we report the first clear γ-ray measurement of a delay between flares from the gravitationally lensed images of a blazar. The delay was detected in B0218+357, a known double-image lensed system, during a period of enhanced γ-ray activity with peak fluxes consistently observed to reach >20–50 × its previous average flux. An auto-correlation function analysis identified a delay in the γ-ray data of 11.46 ± 0.16 days (1σ) that is ∼1 day greater than previous radio measurements. Considering that it is beyond the capabilities of the LAT to spatially resolve the two images, we nevertheless decomposed individual sequences of superposing γ-ray flares/delayed emissions. In three such ∼8–10 day-long sequences within a ∼4 month span, considering confusion due to overlapping flaring emission and flux measurement uncertainties, we found flux ratios consistent with ∼1, thus systematically smaller than those from radio observations. During the first, best-defined flare, the delayed emission was detailed with a Fermi pointing, and we observed flux doubling timescales of ∼3–6 hr implying as well extremely compact γ-ray emitting regions.
Stellar mass spectrum within massive collapsing clumps I. Influence of the initial conditions

We conduct numerical experiments in which we systematically vary the initial density over four orders of magnitude and the turbulent velocity over a factor ten. In a companion paper, we investigate the dependence of this distribution on the gas thermodynamics. We performed a series of hydrodynamical numerical simulations using adaptive mesh refinement, with special attention to numerical convergence. We also adapted an existing analytical model to the case of collapsing clouds by employing a density probability distribution function (PDF) $\propto \rho^{-1.5}$ instead of a lognormal distribution. Simulations and analytical model both show two support regimes, dominated by either thermal energy or turbulence. For the first regime, we infer that $dN/d \log M \propto M^0$, while for the second, we obtain $dN/d \log M \propto M^{-3/4}$. This is valid up to about ten times the mass of the first Larson core, as explained in the companion paper, leading to a peak of the mass spectrum at $\sim 0.2 M_\odot$. From this point, the mass spectrum decreases with decreasing mass. Although the mass spectra we obtain for the most compact clouds qualitatively resemble the observed initial mass function, the distribution exponent is shallower than the expected Salpeter exponent of -1.35. Nonetheless, we observe a possible transition toward a slightly steeper value that is broadly compatible with the Salpeter exponent for masses above a few solar masses. This change in behavior is associated with the change in density PDF, which switches from a power-law to a lognormal distribution. Our results suggest that while gravitationally induced fragmentation could play an important role for low masses, it is likely the turbulently induced fragmentation that leads to the Salpeter exponent.
Molecular gas associated with IRAS 10361-5830

Aims. We analyze the distribution of the molecular gas and dust in the molecular clump linked to IRAS 10361-5830, located in the environs of the bubble-shaped Hii region Gum 31 in the Carina region, with the aim of determining the main parameters of the associated material and of investigating the evolutionary state of the young stellar objects identified there. Methods. Using the APEX telescope, we mapped the molecular emission in the J = 3−2 transition of three CO isotopologues, 12 CO, 13 CO and C 18 O, over a 1. 5 × 1. � 5 region around the IRAS position. We also observed the high-density tracers CS and HCO + toward the source. The cold- dust distribution was analyzed using submillimeter continuum data at 870 μm obtained with the APEX telescope. Complementary IR and radio data at different wavelengths were used to complete the study of the interstellar medium. Results. The molecular gas distribution reveals a cavity and a shell-like structure of ∼0.32 pc in radius centered at the position of the IRAS source, with some young stellar objects projected onto the cavity. The total molecular mass in the shell and the mean H2volume
Quantum dynamics of a two-level emitter with modulated transition frequency

The resonant quantum dynamics of an excited two-level emitter is investigated via classical modulation of its transition frequency while simultaneously the radiator interacts with a broadband electromagnetic field reservoir. The frequency of modulation is selected to be of the order of the bare-state spontaneous decay rate. In this way, one can induce quantum interference effects, and consequently, quantum coherences among multiple decaying transition pathways. Depending on the modulation depth and its absolute phase, both the spontaneous emission and the frequency shift may be conveniently modified and controlled.
Dynamics of a large population of red blood cells under shear flow

An exhaustive description of the dynamics under shear flow of a large number of red blood cells in a dilute regime is proposed, which highlights and takes into account the dispersion in cell properties within a given blood sample. Physiological suspending fluid viscosity is considered, a configuration surprisingly seldom considered in experimental studies, as well as a more viscous fluid that is a reference in the literature. Stable and unstable flipping motions well described by Jeffery orbits or modified Jeffery orbits are identified, as well as transitions to and from tank-treading motion in the more viscous suspending fluid case. Hysteresis loops upon shear rate increase or decrease are highlighted for the transitions between unstable and stable orbits as well as for the transition between flipping and tank-treading. We identify which of the characteristic parameters of motion and of the transition thresholds depend on flow stress only or also on suspending fluid viscosity.
PERILAKU BERBAHASA YOUTUBER GAMING MOBILE LEGEND

Penelitian ini berangkat dari kekhasan perilaku bahasa yang digunakan oleh para Youtuber gaming Mobile Legends. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan register pemain Mobile Legend, perilaku berbahasa dan dampak perilaku berbahasa dalam konten youtube gaming Mobile Legend. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa ujaran berupa kata-kata, kalimat yang diucapkan atau disisipkan dalam video pemutaran Mobile Legends. Sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari literatur seperti jurnal dan buku. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik simak catat dan studi pustaka. Data dianalisis dengan teknik translasi dan teknik analisis data sosiopragmatik. Selanjutnya adalah penyajian dan kesimpulan data. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) Register Mobile Legend berupa kata, frasa, dan abreviasi kebanyak berbahasa Inggris. (2) Perilaku bahasa yang ditunjukkan mengarah pada perilaku negatif seperti campur kode dan kata-kata makian. (3) Perilaku berbahasa yang negatif berdampak pada eksistensi bahasa Indonesia dan hubungan sosial dalam masyarakat.
TIME-SERIES SPECTROSCOPY OF TWO CANDIDATE DOUBLE DEGENERATES IN THE OPEN CLUSTER NGC 6633

SNe Ia are heavily used tools in precision cosmology, yet we still are not certain what the progenitor systems are. General plausibility arguments suggest there is potential for identifying double degenerate SN Ia progenitors in intermediate-age open star clusters. We present time-resolved high-resolution spectroscopy of two white dwarfs (WDs) in the field of the open cluster NGC 6633 that had previously been identified as candidate double degenerates in the cluster. However, three hours of continuous observations of each candidate failed to detect any significant radial velocity variations at the ≳10 km s−1 level, making it highly unlikely that either WD is a double degenerate that will merge within a Hubble Time. The WD LAWDS NGC 6633 4 has a radial velocity inconsistent with cluster membership at the 2. 5σ level, while the radial velocity of LAWDS NGC 6633 7 is consistent with cluster membership. We conservatively conclude that LAWDS 7 is a viable massive double degenerate candidate, though unlikely to be a Type Ia progenitor. Astrometric data from GAIA will likely be needed to determine if either WD is truly a cluster member.
Massive neutrinos and the non‐linear matter power spectrum

We perform an extensive suite of N-body simulations of the matter power spectrum, incorporating massive neutrinos in the range Mν= 0.15–0.6 eV, probing the non-linear regime at scales k < 10 h Mpc−1 at z < 3. We extend the widely used halofit approximation to account for the effect of massive neutrinos on the power spectrum. In the strongly non-linear regime, halofit systematically overpredicts the suppression due to the free streaming of the neutrinos. The maximal discrepancy occurs at k∼ 1h Mpc−1, and is at the level of 10 per cent of the total suppression. Most published constraints on neutrino masses based on halofit are not affected, as they rely on data probing the matter power spectrum in the linear or mildly non-linear regime. However, predictions for future galaxy, Lyman α forest and weak lensing surveys extending to more non-linear scales will benefit from the improved approximation to the non-linear matter power spectrum we provide. Our approximation reproduces the induced neutrino suppression over the targeted scales and redshifts significantly better. We test its robustness with regard to changing cosmological parameters and a variety of modelling effects.