Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structural Manipulation of 3D Graphene-Based Macrostructures for Water Purification

The rapid development of graphene-based nanotechnologies in recent years has drawn extensive attention in environmental applications, especially for water treatment. Three-dimensional graphene-based macrostructures (GBMs) have been considered to be promising materials for practical water purification due to their well-defined porous structure and integrated morphology, and displayed outstanding performance in pollutant abatement with easy recyclability. Three-dimensional GBMs could not only retain the intrinsic priorities of 2D graphene, but also emerge with extraordinary properties by structural manipulation, so rational design and construction of 3D GBMs with desirable microstructures are important to exploit their potential for water treatment. In this review, some important advances in surface modification (chemical doping, wettability, surface charge) and geometrical control (porous structure, oriented arrangement, shape and density) with respect to 3D GBMs have been described, while their applications in water purification including adsorption (organic pollutants, heavy metal ions), catalysis (photocatalysis, Fenton-like advanced oxidation) and capacitive desalination (CDI) are detailly discussed. Finally, future challenges and prospective for 3D GBMs in water purification are proposed.
Peran Self-efficacy Terhadap Prokrastinasi Mahasiswa pada Pembelajaran Online di Kota Bukittinggi

Procrastination can be described as an activity to procrastinate work. Self-efficacy can be a component to consider procrastination behavior. Self-efficacy also plays an important role in determining whether an individual is capable of completing tasks that have an influence on the goals to be achieved. This study aims to determine the role of self-efficacy on student procrastination in online learning in the city of Bukittinggi. The research method used is quantitative research using a descriptive correlational approach. Respondents of this study were 66 students in the City of Bukittinggi. To obtain data, researchers used a Likert scale in the form of a self-efficacy measurement tool and a procrastination measuring tool. The data analysis technique uses multiple regression analysis techniques with SPSS 16.0 for windows applications. The results of the research data analysis obtained r = - 0.364 with a level of p = 0.003 (p <0.05). The significant effect of self-efficacy on procrastination is r2 = 13.0%. This study proves that there is a positive relationship between self-efficacy and student procrastination in online learning in the City of Bukittinggi.
QSO Selection and Photometric Redshifts with Neural Networks

Context. Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) and their effects on the matter power spectrum can be studied by using the Lyman-α absorption signature of the matter density field along quasa r (QSO) lines of sight. A measurement suffi ciently accurate to provide useful cosmological constraints requires the observation of∼ 10 5 quasars in the redshift range 2.2< z< 3.5 over∼ 8000deg 2 . Such a survey is planned by the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) project of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III). Aims. One of the challenges for this project is to build from five-ba nd imaging data a list of targets that contains the largest nu mber of quasars in the required redshift range. In practice, one nee ds a stellar rejection of more than two orders of magnitude with a selection effi ciency for quasars better than 50% up to magnitudes as large as g∼ 22. Standard methods to identify quasars using colors work well for brighter quasars in the range 0.3< z< 2.2 and g< 21 but it is necessary to develop new methods for higher redshifts and magnitudes. Methods. To obtain an appropriate target list and estimate quasar redshifts, we have developed an Artificial Neural Networks (NN) with a multilayer perceptron architecture. The input varia bles are photometric measurements, i.e. the object magnitudes and their errors in the five bands ( ugriz) of the SDSS photometry. The NN developed for target selection provides a continuous output variable between 0 for non-quasar point-like objects to 1 for quasars. A second NN estimates the QSO redshift z using the photometric information. Results. For target selection, we achieve a non-quasar point-like object rejection of 99.6% and 98.5% for a quasar effi ciency of, respectively, 50% and 85%. The photometric redshift precision is of the order of 0.1 over the region relevant for BAO studies. These statistical methods, developed in the context of the BOSS project, can easily be extended to any quasar selection and/or determination of their photometric redshift.
Multidimensional spectral estimation using iterative methods

Abstract : This thesis treats the topic of multi-dimensional autoregressive (AR) spectral estimation. An iterative algorithm for the solution of toeplitz block- toeplitz matrix equations is presented. This leads to a fast solution of the two dimensional normal equation compared with direct inversion of the autocorrelation matrix. The covariance method is used to estimate the autocorrelation function. Because the resulting matrix is not toeplitz block- toeplitz, a modified iterative algorithm is presented. Quarter-plane and nonsymmetric half-plane support are used, as well as combined quadrant averaging. Results of computer simulation show that in some cases a single iteration is sufficient to produce an acceptable spectral estimate. Because the AR parameters are estimated from previous values, this suggests the possibility to estimate spectral densities of slowly varying random processes.
Protective Effects of Natural Antioxidants on Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Thymol and Its Pharmacological Properties

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a gastrointestinal disease that involves chronic mucosal or submucosal lesions that affect tissue integrity. Although IBD is not life-threatening, it sometimes causes severe complications, such as colon cancer. The exact etiology of IBD remains unclear, but several risk factors, such as pathogen infection, stress, diet, age, and genetics, have been involved in the occurrence and aggravation of IBD. Immune system malfunction with the over-production of inflammatory cytokines and associated oxidative stress are the hallmarks of IBD. Dietary intervention and medical treatment suppressing abnormal inflammation and oxidative stress are recommended as potential therapies. Thymol, a natural monoterpene phenol that is mostly found in thyme, exhibits multiple biological functions as a potential adjuvant for IBD. The purpose of this review is to summarize current findings on the protective effect of thymol on intestinal health in the context of specific animal models of IBD, describe the role of thymol in the modulation of inflammation, oxidative stress, and gut microbiota against gastrointestinal disease, and discuss the potential mechanism for its pharmacological activity.
Planificación de sistemas de tiempo real crí­tico mediante técnicas no convencionales

En la planificación de sistemas de tiempo real crí­tico es clave encontrar un plan temporal en el que las tareas pueden ejecutarse antes de que venza el plazo establecido. Para lograr este objetivo se pueden utilizar diferentes tipos de algoritmos de planificación. Además de encontrar un plan factible, muchas veces es beneficioso, de todos los planes factibles existentes, encontrar aquel que minimiza algún parámetro temporal del sistema. Existen muchos algoritmos de planificación que son capaces de encontrar una planificación correcta del conjunto de tareas. Pero no es tan común encontrar algoritmos que optimicen otros parámetros para mejorar el funcionamiento del sistemas en términos de estabilidad, consumo de potencia, etc. Los heurí­sticos existentes puede mejorar el comportamiento pero sin asegurar un resultado óptimo. En este trabajo exploramos las técnicas de planificación no convencionales basadas en programación lineal entera para resolver la planificación en sistemas mono procesador con el objetivo de minimizar el peor tiempo de respuesta y el cambio de contexto de las tareas del sistema y la asignación de tareas a procesadores en sistemas multiprocesador con el objetivo de minimizar la interferencia producida por el acceso a recursos hardware comunes.
Through focus point spread function and modulus transfer function for multifocal lenses

A system for measuring the through-focus point spread function (PSF) for intra-ocular lenses (IOLs) and converting to modulation transfer function (MTF) is developed. The system consists of a light source, eye model, IOL, magnifier, and CCD camera. By capturing the resulting image through a range of focus positions, the PSF is found and converted to MTF. The MTF displays differences in the depth of focus for monofocal, multifocal, and extended depth of focus (EDOF) IOLs. As multifocal and EDOF IOLs evolve, using the MTF to predict the image quality is vital to implanting the most appropriate lens in the patient’s eyes.
Particle-hole asymmetry of fractional quantum Hall states in the second Landau level of a two-dimensional hole system

In a two-dimensional electron system (2DES) subjected to a perpendicular magnetic field B the Coulomb interaction between the charge carriers leads to the emergence of prototype many body ground states unknown in any other condensed matter system. Well known examples of such ground states are the fractional quantum Hall states (FQHS) of the lowest Landau level (LL) [1] which are understood in terms of Laughlin’s wavefunction [2] and Jain’s composite fermion theory [3]. Another example yet to be understood is the even denominator � = 5=2 FQHS in the second LL [4–17]. According to an intriguing proposal this state arises from a p-wave pairing of composite fermions described by the Pfaffian wavefunction. In contrast to the FQHS of the Jain sequence, the � = 5=2 Moore-Read Pfaffian [18–20] and its particle-hole conjugate anti-Pfaffian [21–23] are predicted to have quasiparticles which obey non-Abelian statistics and might be harnessed for topological quantum computing [24, 25]. Other recent theoretical work on the � = 5=2 FQHS, however, proposes an explanation which does not involve the Pfaffian [26–28]. In the second LL besides the � = 5=2 FQHS there are numerous FQHS observed at odd denominator LL filling factors of which the most prominent ones are the � = 7=3 and 8=3 FQHS [5–17]. The 7=3 and 8=3 FQHS obey the odd denominator rule of the Jain sequence and the existence of their counterparts in the lowest LL at � = 1=3 and 2=3, respectively, might suggest that they are of the Laughlin-Jain type. Numerical work found, however, either an absence of Laughlin correlations or no incompressibility at � = 7=3 [29–35]. Theories based on Laughlin’s wavefunction have been refined since by the inclusion of non-ideality factors of real samples such as finite layer thickness [36] and LL mixing [28] and find that the Laughlin state is a good candidate for the � = 7=3 FQHS in certain conditions. Other theories find that the odd denominator FQHS of the second LL are more exotic [37–39]. These theories extend ideas used in the construction of the Pfaffian wavefunction to odd denominator FQHS and therefore predict non-Abelian quasiparticle excitations. Thus not only the even but also the odd denominator FQHS of the second LL remain under intense scrutiny. To date FQHS in the second LL have only been convincingly observed in 2DES. We report in this Letter the first FQHS observed in the second LL of a twodimensional hole system (2DHS) at � = 8=3. This was possible because of recent progress in the growth of exceptional quality Carbon-doped 2DHS [40–44] and of achievement of ultra low charge carrier temperature. The 8=3 FQHS has an energy gap of 40 mK and, to our surprise, its particle-hole symmetric pair at � = 7=3 is missing. This observation is contrary to that in electron samples where the � = 7=3 FQHS is typically more robust than the � = 8=3 FQHS.
Statistical Physics of Biological Molecular Machines

Each biological molecular machine can be effectively considered a common chemochemical enzymatic machine occurring, however, in multitude rather than a few conformational substates distinguished by the conventional kinetics. The cases of the proton pump cytochrome bc1 and the actomyosin motor are considered in some detail. In the steady state, a slow character of conformational transition dynamics causes the necessity of replacing conventional reaction rate constants by more sophisticated quantities, the mean first-passage times between some distinguished conformational substates of the machine. The most important results obtained for the flux-force dependence of the actomyosin motor are noted.
“my stance decides my language”: Modeling of Framing and Political Stance in News Media

Framing is a political strategy in which journal-001 ists and politicians highlight certain aspects of 002 an issue or a problem to influence public opin-003 ion. Frameworks for detecting framing in news 004 articles or social media posts are necessary in 005 order to understand the spread of biased infor-006 mation in our society. Prior research efforts 007 have shown that their framework for framing 008 detection works well by predicting political af-009 filiation afterward. In this paper, rather than 010 predicting stance after detecting frames, we 011 incorporate stance prediction into a framing 012 detection model to jointly capture framing lan-013 guages better. We take advantage of political 014 stance data, which are more readily available 015 than framing data that require manual annota-016 tion of professionals, and propose automatic 017 framing detection models, which can detect 018 previously unseen framing phrases. We com-019 pare two different methods of incorporation 020 and show that leveraging stance prediction im-021 proves the separation of liberal and conserva-022 tive biased frame language. 023
Gaussian Process Parameter Estimation Using Mini-batch Stochastic Gradient Descent: Convergence Guarantees and Empirical Benefits

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its variants have established themselves as the go-to algorithms for large-scale machine learning problems with independent samples due to their generalization performance and intrinsic computational advantage. However, the fact that the stochastic gradient is a biased estimator of the full gradient with correlated samples has led to the lack of theoretical understanding of how SGD behaves under correlated settings and hindered its use in such cases. In this paper, we focus on hyperparmeter estimation for the Gaussian process (GP) and take a step forward towards breaking the barrier by proving minibatch SGD converges to a critical point of the full log-likelihood loss function, and recovers model hyperparameters with rate O( 1 K ) for K iterations, up to a statistical error term depending on the minibatch size. Our theoretical guarantees hold provided that the kernel functions exhibit exponential or polynomial eigendecay which is satisfied by a wide range of kernels commonly used in GPs. Numerical studies on both ∗. Equal contribution. †. This work was done while Lili Zheng was at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. ‡. For correspondence. c ©2022 Hao Chen, Lili Zheng, Raed Al Kontar, Garvesh Raskutti. License: CC-BY 4.0, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Attribution requirements are provided at http://jmlr.org/papers/v23/20-1365.html. Chen, Zheng, Kontar, Raskutti simulated and real datasets demonstrate that minibatch SGD has better generalization over state-of-the-art GP methods while reducing the computational burden and opening a new, previously unexplored, data size regime for GPs.
M2 Macrophage-Derived Exosomes Regulate Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion And Pyroptosis Via ROS/NLRP3 Pathway.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether M2 macrophage-derived exosomes protect against MI/R injury and reveal the protective mechanism of exosomes [Kourembanas 2015]. METHODS I/R model injury was induced by temporary left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, macrophages isolated from bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were induced to M2 polarization, and H9C2 cells subjected to hypoxia/reperfusion (H/R) were used to establish an in vitro model. I/R-induced rats and H/R-induced H9C2 cells were treated with M2-exos in vivo and in vitro, respectively. Masson staining was performed to observe myocardial fibrosis in rats. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of myocardial tissues showed the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyrolysis. Exosomes derived from IL-4-treated macrophages (M2-exos) were detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and western bolt. Western bolt was performed to determine the protein level, including NLRP3, pro-caspase-1, cleaved caspase-1, pro-IL-1β, cleaved IL-1β, gasdermin D (GSDMD), and N-terminus of gasdermin D (GSDMD-N). RESULTS Activity of NLRP3 inflammasome and existence of pyroptosis in the rats subjected to MI/R were significantly higher than those in the control (P < 0.05). Moreover, we confirmed the accumulation of ROS during I/R injury in cardiomyocytes. M2-exos protected against I/R injury and reduced activity of NLRP3 inflammasome and existence of pyroptosis, accompanied with attenuating oxidative stress. In vitro studies showed similar effects, H9c2 cells co-cultured with M2-exos could attenuated H/R-induced cell injury, while M2-exos suppressed the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis (P < 0.05).
Remarkable Differences in Calcification between the Primary Tumor and Metastatic Lymph Nodes in a Patient with ALK-Positive Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Calcified bilateral mediastinal lymph nodes are not common in malignant tumors. A 51-year-old woman presented to our hospital with a 20 mm nodule in the lower left lobe of the lung and extensive calcification in the bilateral mediastinal lymph nodes. Computed tomography indicated no calcification of the primary lesion. Immunohistochemical staining and fluorescent in situ hybridization detected an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion. Treatment with alectinib, an ALK inhibitor, led to a significant reduction in tumor size and calcification in the lymph nodes. This case shows that different degrees of calcification can be associated with malignant tumors and may be reversible in some cases.
Entropy production for velocity-dependent macroscopic forces: The problem of dissipation without fluctuations

In macroscopic systems, velocity-dependent phenomenological forces F(v) are used to model friction, feedback devices or self-propulsion. Such forces usually include a dissipative component which conceals the fast energy exchanges with a thermostat at the environment temperature T, ruled by a microscopic Hamiltonian H. The mapping —even if effective for many purposes— may lead to applications of stochastic thermodynamics where an incomplete fluctuating entropy production (FEP) is derived. An enlighting example is offered by recent macroscopic experiments where dissipation is dominated by solid-on-solid friction, typically modelled through a deterministic Coulomb force F(v). Through an adaptation of the microscopic Prandtl-Tomlinson model for friction, we show how the FEP is dominated by the heat released to the T-thermostat, ignored by the macroscopic Coulomb model. This problem, which haunts several studies in the literature, cannot be cured by weighing the time-reversed trajectories with a different auxiliary dynamics: it is only solved by a more accurate stochastic modelling of the thermostat underlying dissipation.
MAXI J1659-152: the shortest orbital period black-hole transient in outburst

MAXI J1659−152 is a bright X-ray transient black-hole candidate binary system discovered in September 2010. We report here on MAXI, RXTE, Swift, and XMM-Newton observations during its 2010/2011 outburst. We find that during the first one and a half week of the outburst the X-ray light curves display drops in intensity at regular intervals, which we interpret as absorption dips. About three weeks into the outbursts, again drops in intensity are seen. These dips have, however, a spectral behaviour opposite to that of the absorption dips, and are related to fast spectral state changes (hence referred to as transition dips). The absorption dips recur with a period of 2.414 ± 0.005 h, which we interpret as the orbital period of the system. This implies that MAXI J1659−152 is the shortest period black-hole candidate binary known to date. The inclination of the accretion disk with respect to the line of sight is estimated to be 65-80°. We propose the companion to the black-hole candidate to be close to an M5 dwarf star, with a mass and radius of about 0.15-0.25 M⊙ and 0.2-0.25 R⊙, respectively. We derive that the companion had an initial mass of about 1.5 M⊙, which evolved to its current mass in about 5-6 billion years. The system is rather compact (orbital separation of ≳1.33 R⊙), and is located at a distance of 8.6 ± 3.7 kpc, with a height above the Galactic plane of 2.4 ± 1.0 kpc. The characteristics of short orbital period and high Galactic scale height are shared with two other transient black-hole candidate X-ray binaries, i.e., XTE J1118+480 and Swift J1735.5−0127. We suggest that all three are kicked out of the Galactic plane into the halo, rather than being formed in a globular cluster.
Risk factors related to the size and volume of femoral artery pseudoaneurysm aftercatheter angiography: a single-center-study

Recommended Citation ÇAKIR, ÖZGÜR; TALAS, ZEKİ; KARADAĞ, DUYGU TEMİZ; DURMAZ, AYŞEGÜL; ÇAM, İSA; ÇİFTÇİ, ERCÜMENT; and KANKO, MÜHİP (2021) "Risk factors related to the size and volume of femoral artery pseudoaneurysm aftercatheter angiography: a single-center-study," Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences: Vol. 51: No. 5, Article 20. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-2012-60 Available at: https://journals.tubitak. gov.tr/medical/vol51/iss5/20
Application for Real-time Personalized Speaker Extraction

This short paper demonstrates an audio processing desktop application that allows isolating in real-time the voice of a specific speaker from the possibly noisy audio input after a short enrollment phase. The machine learning model embedded in this application suppresses all other sounds than the target voice from the incoming audio stream, including disturbing distractor voices. In the context of a growing need for video-collaboration solutions, personalized speech enhancement enables the use of such technologies in more challenging acoustic environments, i.e., in the presence of near distractor speech. In this situation, classical speech enhancement systems typically fail as they do not filter out any speech, hence the need for personalized meth-ods. The presented application is an all-in-one solution for personalized speech enhancement: it allows the user to enroll and then to apply the effect seamlessly for one-to-one or one-to-many online meetings.
IS THERE EVIDENCE FOR DARK ENERGY EVOLUTION?

Recently, Sahni et al. combined two independent measurements of H(z) from BAO data with the value of the Hubble constant H 0 = H ( z = 0 ) ? > in order to test the cosmological constant hypothesis by means of an improved version of the Om diagnostic. Their result indicated considerable disagreement between observations and predictions of the Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) model. However, such a strong conclusion was based only on three measurements of H(z). This motivated us to repeat similar work on a larger sample. By using a comprehensive data set of 29 H(z), we find that discrepancy indeed exists. Even though the value of &OHgr; m , 0 h 2 ? > inferred from the Omh2 diagnostic depends on the way one chooses to make summary statistics (using either the weighted mean or the median), the persisting discrepancy supports the claims of Sahni et al. that the ΛCDM model may not be the best description of our universe.