Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intellectually disabled students. Education inclusive practices in Greece

Inclusive education can be an effective policy reform to tackle educational underachievement and address societal and pedagogical exclusion. Inclusive education encompasses supporting individuals to experience a sense of belonging in the educational community; promotes the reduction of exclusion, discrimination, and learning barriers; and encourages the inclusion and transformation of culture, education policies, and school practices to respond equitably to the diversity of the student population. The present paper focuses on the views of secondary school teachers on the inclusion of students with intellectual disabilities. Twenty-five secondary school teachers participated in the study, and semi-structured interviews were conducted. The research results showed that our study's teachers were ambivalent about inclusive education for students with intellectual disabilities. Firstly, the manifestations of their learning or social exclusion are not rare since the Greek education sector with its facilities (material and technological resources, teachers' education and training, information, etc.) is incapable of responding to their growing demands and, secondly, some educators and parents of typical students maintain a negative approach towards disabled students' inclusion in the mainstream school system. It is imperative to develop a democratic education, an education for all which deconstructs the dominant norms of ableism and able-bodyism, supports the training and qualification of teachers and forms a culture of solidarity, mutual respect, and empathy for students with disabilities.
Clinical aspects of mastication myalgia—an overview

Mastication myalgia is the most common cause of non-odontogenic pain in the orofacial region and is often associated with a reduced quality of life. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the clinical aspects of myalgia based on available research. The review includes epidemiological, diagnostic, and etiological aspects. In addition, the potential risk factors related to the transition from acute to chronic myalgia are explored and treatment strategies are presented for its management. As a result, this review may increase clinical knowledge about mastication myalgia and clarify strategies regarding prevention, diagnostics, and management to improve prognosis and reduce patient suffering.
Parallel window propagation on mesh surfaces

The task of calculating the shortest distance with minimal curvature between two points on a mesh surface is a well-known problem in computational geometry. This paper aims to develop a effective algorithm for computing geodesics on large, complex models with fast processing times to facilitate interactive applications. Our contribution is developing of the parallel window propagation (PWP) algorithm, which divides the sequential MMP algorithm into four phases: front node selection, window list propagation, window list merging, and vertex update. We use two separate buffers for incoming windows on each edge to avoid data dependency and conflicts in each phase, allowing for parallel processing on a CPU. As a result, our PWP algorithm can propagate a large number of windows simultaneously and independently, leading to significant improvements in performance for real-world models.
The relationship between macroeconomic variables and stock market indices: evidence from Central and Eastern European countries

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between selected macroeconomic variables and the values of representative stock market indices for Central and Eastern European countries in the period Q1 2004 – Q4 2021. The results, based on the Johansen cointegration test, revealed that the selected macroeconomic variables have an impact on the value of stock market indices on the long term. These results are attributed to the importance of the state of the macroeconomic environment for stable business activity. The reason for this is that macroeconomic stability provides better grounds for predicting the development of the market situation and fiscal and monetary policy. The application of VECM estimations and the Granger causality test indicate that the selected macroeconomic variables affect the values of European stock market indices on the long term rather than on the short term. These findings may reflect the expectations of subjects and/or the consequences of policy measures, whose the impacts can only be estimated and may manifest with a significant
Non-Point Source Pollution in Quaternary Glacial Deposits, Guelph, Ontario

NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION IN QUATERNARY GLACIAL DEPOSITS, GUELPH, ONTARIO Anna Best Advisor: University of Guelph, 2013 Dr. E. Arnaud Growing population centres such as Guelph, Ontario rely on fractured bedrock aquifers for drinking water. A threat to these aquifers is posed by surficial non-point source pollution moving through the overlying Quaternary glacial deposits. Investigation of local unconsolidated sediments, and the factors affecting contaminant transport through these, is needed to assess risks to the underlying groundwater resources. In this study, Guelph-area sites with a variety of land management practices and glacial settings were investigated employing high-resolution data collection methods. Geologic data from continuous sediment cores were combined with depth-discrete hydrogeologic, geochemical, and microbiological groundwater analysis using multilevel monitoring wells. The geologic setting, including layering and heterogeneity of sediment types at depth, influenced groundwater flow paths and water geochemistry, and subsequently nitrate distribution. E. coli contamination was found in bedrock groundwater beneath a manure-applied field, possibly transported through preferential flow pathways despite a thick unsaturated zone.
Numerical simulation of large‐scale bed load particle tracer advection‐dispersion in rivers with free bars

Asymptotic characteristics of the transport of bed load tracer particles in rivers have been described by advection‐dispersion equations. Here we perform numerical simulations designed to study the role of free bars, and more specifically single‐row alternate bars, on streamwise tracer particle dispersion. In treating the conservation of tracer particle mass, we use two alternative formulations for the Exner equation of sediment mass conservation: the flux‐based formulation, in which bed elevation varies with the divergence of the bed load transport rate, and the entrainment‐based formulation, in which bed elevation changes with the net deposition rate. Under the condition of no net bed aggradation/degradation, a 1‐D flux‐based deterministic model that does not describe free bars yields no streamwise dispersion. The entrainment‐based 1‐D formulation, on the other hand, models stochasticity via the probability density function (PDF) of particle step length, and as a result does show tracer dispersion. When the formulation is generalized to 2‐D to include free alternate bars, however, both models yield almost identical asymptotic advection‐dispersion characteristics, in which streamwise dispersion is dominated by randomness inherent in free bar morphodynamics. This randomness can result in a heavy‐tailed PDF of waiting time. In addition, migrating bars may constrain the travel distance through temporary burial, causing a thin‐tailed PDF of travel distance. The superdiffusive character of streamwise particle dispersion predicted by the model is attributable to the interaction of these two effects.
Field observations and results of a 1-D boundary layer model for developing near-surface temperature maxima in the Western Arctic

Summer sea ice extent in the Western Arctic has decreased significantly in recent years resulting in increased solar input into the upper ocean. Here, a comprehensive set of in situ shipboard, on-ice, and autonomous ice-ocean measurements were made of the early stages of formation of the near-surface temperature maximum (NSTM) in the Canada Basin. These observations along with the results from a 1-D turbulent boundary layer model indicate that heat storage associated with NSTM formation is largely due to the absorption of penetrating solar radiation just below a protective summer halocline. The depth of the summer halocline was found to be the most important factor for determining the amount of solar radiation absorbed in the NSTM layer, while halocline strength controlled the amount of heat removed from the NSTM by turbulent transport. Observations using the Naval Postgraduate School Turbulence Frame show that the NSTM was able to persist despite periods of intermittent turbulence because transport rates were too small to remove significant amounts of heat from the NSTM layer. The development of the early and late summer halocline and NSTM were found to be linked to summer season buoyancy and wind events. For the early summer NSTM, 1-D boundary layer model results show that melt pond drainage provides sufficient buoyancy to the summer halocline to prevent subsequent wind events from mixing out the NSTM. For the late summer NSTM, limited freshwater inputs reduce the strength of the summer halocline making the balance between interfacial stresses and buoyancy more tenuous. As a result, the late summer NSTM is an ephemeral feature dependent on local wind conditions, while the early summer NSTM is more persistent and able to store heat in the near-surface ocean beyond the summer season.
Unveiling Implicit Attitudes Towards the Transgender Community: Exploring the Impact of Level of Religiosity on Bias

Prior research showed a potential link between religiosity and negative attitudes toward various marginalized populations, which raises the question of the impact of religiosity on implicit bias toward transgender individuals. The principal purpose of this study was to examine whether there was a significant relationship between religiosity and implicit bias toward transgender individuals. To address this research question, a diverse sample of participants was recruited and data was collected through surveys and assessments. After data collection, the collected data was subjected to rigorous statistical analyses to explore the potential link between religiosity and implicit bias toward transgender individuals. The correlation between religiosity and implicit bias was 16% (95% CI = 15% to 16%). To examine this relationship, a linear regression model was employed, with religiosity levels as the independent variable and implicit bias scores as the dependent variable. Furthermore, the statistical analyses involved controlling for potential confounding variables, such as age and political ideology, to ensure that the observed relationship between religiosity and implicit bias was not influenced by other factors. Key statistical parameters were generated through regression analyses, including beta coefficients, P-values, and R-squared values, which provided important information about the strength and significance of the association between religiosity and implicit bias.
The cytotoxic activity of lignans and monoterpenoids from the male carica papaya flowers on A549 lung cancer, Hep3B liver cancer, and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines

Two lignans (lariciresinol (1) and dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol (2)), and four monoterpenoids (vitexoid (3), 6-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-2,7-octadienoic acid (4), 6-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyloct-7-enoic acid (5), 2,6-dimethylocta-2,7-diene-1,6-diol (6)) from the male Carica papaya flowers are conducted a cytotoxic activity for lung cancer cells (A549), liver cancer cells (Hep3B), and breast cancer cells (MCF-7). The results, lignan (1), and monoterpenoid (3), (6) exhibited medium cytotoxic activity on these cancer cells with IC50 from 34.73±1.55 to 66.12±5.60 µg/mL. Lignan (2) displayed medium cytotoxic activity on MCF-7, Hep3B with IC50 60.85±4.43, 62.32±5.03 µg/mL, respectively, and weak cytotoxic activity on A549 with IC50 70.99±7.26 µg/mL. Monoterpenoids (4), and (5) showed medium cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 with IC50 54.15±5.89, 67.49±2.41 µg/mL, respectively, and weak cytotoxic activity on A549, and Hep3B with IC50 from 72.25±3.13 to 86.03±7.57 µg/mL. Ellipticine was a positive control.
Automated Image Analysis for Detection of Coccidia in Poultry

Simple Summary Coccidiosis is one of the most common and costly diseases faced by commercial poultry. To establish effective control measures, it is essential to identify the infective species and the numbers of oocysts. Standard methods for analysis require highly skilled technicians or veterinarians to manually identify and enumerate these protozoal parasites. This process is labor intensive, time-consuming, and susceptible to human error. None of the current methods available report the infectivity status of these protozoal parasites. Therefore, an automated, reproducible protocol for counting, speciation, and determination of infectivity of these protozoa using Artificial Intelligence capable of enumerating, speciating, and determining the infectivity status of the coccidia has the potential to improve diagnostics and refine control strategies to mitigate the impacts of coccidiosis on farms. Abstract Coccidiosis, caused by the protozoan Eimeria sp. , is one of the most common and costly diseases impacting the poultry industry. To establish effective control measures, it is essential to identify these protozoa. Typical methods for identifying and determining the severity of the protozoal infection include intestinal lesion scoring or enumeration of the protozoal oocysts in fecal samples. Standard analysis methods require highly skilled technicians or veterinarians to manually identify and manually enumerate these protozoal parasites. This process is labor intensive, time-consuming, and susceptible to human error. None of the current methods available, including molecular flow cytometry or even digital image analysis, can determine if an oocyst is sporulated or not. Oocysts are not infectious until they sporulate. The goal of this study was to design an automated model using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to expedite the process of enumeration, improve the efficiency and accuracy of the species identification, and determine the ability of the oocysts to infect. To this end, we trained and evaluated computer vision models based on the Mask RCNN neural network architecture. A model was trained to detect and differentiate three species and to determine sporulation for each (totaling six detection groups). This model achieved a mean relative percentage difference (RPD) of 5.64%, representing a slight overcount compared to manual counts, averaging across all groups. The mean RPD for each group individually fell within a range from −33.37% to 52.72%. These results demonstrate that these models were speedy and had high agreement with manual counts, with minimal processing of field-quality samples. These models also could differentiate the sporulation status of the oocysts, providing critical diagnostic information for potential field applications.
The Effect of Prenatal and Neonatal Fluoride Exposure to Morphine-Induced Neuroinflammation

Physical dependence is associated with the formation of neuroadaptive changes in the central nervous system (CNS), both at the molecular and cellular levels. Various studies have demonstrated the immunomodulatory and proinflammatory properties of morphine. The resulting neuroinflammation in drug dependence exacerbates substance abuse-related behaviors and increases morphine tolerance. Studies prove that fluoride exposure may also contribute to the development of neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative changes. Morphine addiction is a major social problem. Neuroinflammation increases tolerance to morphine, and neurodegenerative effects caused by fluoride in structures related to the development of dependence may impair the functioning of neuronal pathways, change the concentration of neurotransmitters, and cause memory and learning disorders, which implies this element influences the development of dependence. Therefore, our study aimed to evaluate the inflammatory state of selected brain structures in morphine-dependent rats pre-exposed to fluoride, including changes in cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression as well as microglial and astroglial activity via the evaluation of Iba1 and GFAP expression. We provide evidence that both morphine administration and fluoride exposure have an impact on the inflammatory response by altering the expression of COX-1, COX-2, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule (Iba1), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in brain structures involved in dependence development, such as the prefrontal cortex, striatum, hippocampus, and cerebellum. We observed that the expression of COX-1 and COX-2 in morphine-dependent rats is influenced by prior fluoride exposure, and these changes vary depending on the specific brain region. Additionally, we observed active astrogliosis, as indicated by increased GFAP expression, in all brain structures of morphine-dependent rats, regardless of fluoride exposure. Furthermore, the effect of morphine on Iba1 expression varied across different brain regions, and fluoride pre-exposure may influence microglial activation. However, it remains unclear whether these changes are a result of the direct or indirect actions of morphine and fluoride on the factors analyzed.
Identification and Validation of Genes and Critical Pathways in the Dynamic Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Drug Target Analysis

In this study, we sought to identify the crucial genes and pathways involved in the dynamic development of hepatocellular carcinoma. In matched normal and hepatocellular carcinoma samples, differentially expressed genes were found using the R tool (DESeq). The R package "weighted gene co-expression network analysis" was then used to build a co-expression network for the obtained gene expression matrix. We used the "survival" and "survminer" R packages to compute the survival endpoints of overall survival and recurrence-free survival. Using the "clusterProfiler" R package, gene ontology, Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, and reactome enrichment studies of the co-expression modules were carried out. Cytoscape was used to gain a deeper understanding of the network. We discovered that 1237 genes were down-regulated in cancer tissues as compared to healthy controls, while 3443 genes were up-regulated (fold change >2 or fold change-2, p adjust <0.05). Then, using gene set enrichment analysis to compare the tumor sample with healthy controls, we looked for pathway enrichments. The results revealed five significantly enriched pathways, including the cell cycle, oocyte meiosis, G2M checkpoint, mitotic spindle, and base excision repair, which is partially in line with differentially expressed genes-Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway enrichment findings. Nine genes were investigated, including RPL8, SLC27A5, KIF23, BUB1B, TRIM16, SCNM1, TKT, RFXANK, and GINS1. The gene expression omnibus dataset was also used to further validate the top five genes with the highest membership within each module. The gene expression omnibus dataset’s findings largely agreed with earlier research showing that these important genes were substantially correlated with tumor grade, tumor, node, metastasis/cancer of the liver Italian program/Barcelona clinic liver cancer stages, and overall survival/ relapse-free-survival. Finally, using quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, we identified the selected six genes (RPL8, SLC27A5, KIF23, BUB1B, TRIM16, and SCNM1) and discovered that they were compatible with earlier findings. These pathways and genes that bioinformatics and clinical samples found and validated may be involved in the course of hepatocellular carcinoma and may be used as possible biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma patients to aid in diagnosis and prognostication. It provides a new idea and direction for drug therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Geological Features and Metallogenic Mechanism of the Nieèr Co Magnesium Borate Deposit,Tibet

The Nieer Co Mg borate deposit is a Mg borate deposit discovered recently.The authors studied regional geological data and geological features of the deposit,compared this deposit with other borate deposits in China and abroad,analyzed the source of ore-forming materials and metallogenic mechanism,and summarized the metallogenic pattern.The Nieer Co Mg borate deposit formed in the upper-middle Holocene;its host rocks are mainly divided into three horizons:the upper and middle ore-bearing horizons are dominant minable horizons and the lower ore-bearing horizon is a subordinate ore-bearing horizon.The ore types include kurnakovite granular aggregates,mirabilite-bearing kurnakovite,beehive/massive pinnoite and mixed ore type.The former two types are main minable ores,while the latter two types are subordinate.Comparative study of the mineral deposits indicate that the Nieer Co Mg borate deposit and the Chagcam Caka Mg borate deposit,which is located nearby to the north of Nieer Co,have the same borate assemblage and metallogenic geological environment,belong to the same type of mineral deposit but and differ from other borate deposits in the world.The ore-forming materials of the deposit were mainly derived from Neogene volcanic rocks and geothermal water.The collision of the Indian plate and Asian plate resulted in the formation of extensive Neogene volcanic rocks rich in ore-forming materials such as B,Li,Mg and Na in the south of Nieer Co near the Bangong Co-Nujiang suture zone,and large quantities of ore-forming materials were carried into the lake by geothermal water and meteoric water.Lake water was concentrated into saturated ore-forming solutions rich in sodium salt under the arid climatic conditions,in which kurnakovite,pinnoite and other minerals were precipitated,thus forming a Mg borate deposit in Nieer Co.
Temporal-spatial characteristics of human comfort in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

Based on the daily temperature,relative humidity and wind speed from 66 weather stations from 1960 to 2005 in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,the temporal-spatial characteristics of human comfort were analyzed using a human comfort index and a wind-chill temperature(WCT)model.The daily human comfort index and WCT of winter were calculated.The division of human comfort index was given by a cluster analysis method.The percentage of comfort day numbers in different grades in typical stations of different divisions,the temporal-spatial characteristics of winter human comfort and its controlling factors were investigated.The results indicate that the spatial distributions of human comfort in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region could be divided into three types,i.e.a heat comfort plain upland area,a cold comfort coastal area and a cold uncomfortable mountain area.Winter human comfort could be divided into two types based on WCT,i.e.the northern and southern Hebei province.WCT has an increasing trend in the whole region.Human comfort is a negative correlation with the height and latitude,and the height and latitude are the controlling factors of human comfort spatial distribution.