Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Subranging BJT-Based CMOS Temperature Sensor With a ±0.45 °C Inaccuracy (3σ) From −50 °C to 180 °C and a Resolution-FoM of 7.2 pJ·K² at 150 °C

This article presents a BJT-based CMOS temperature sensor with a wide sensing range from −50 °C to 180 °C. To effectively relax the sensor resolution requirement and conversion time over the entire temperature range to improve energy efficiency, we introduce a nonlinear subranging readout scheme together with double sampling to achieve dynamic reconfiguration of the sensor readout according to the ambient temperature. We further reduce the sensor power at high temperature by devoting the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\beta $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-cancellation circuit only for BJT biasing while applying a temperature-independent bias current for the other sensor building blocks. Implemented in 0.18-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS with four-wire connections and switch-leakage compensation based on small BJTs, the proposed sensor chip prototype achieves a high resolution-FoM of 7.2 pJ<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\cdot \text{K}^{{2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at 150 °C, while featuring a small sensing error of ±0.45 °C under a 1.5-V supply.
Higgs Mechanism for Gravitons

Just like the vector gauge bosons in the gauge theories, it is now known that gravitons acquire mass in the process of spontaneous symmetry breaking of diffeomorphisms through the condensation of scalar fields. The point is that we should find the gravitational Higgs mechanism such that it results in massive gravity in a flat Minkowski spacetime without non-unitary propagating modes. This is usually achieved by including higher-derivative terms in scalars and tuning the cosmological constant to be a negative value in a proper way. Recently, a similar but different gravitational Higgs mechanism has been advocated by Chamseddine and Mukhanov where one can relax the negative cosmological constant to zero or positive one. In this work, we investigate why the non-unitary ghost mode decouples from physical Hilbert space in a general spacetime dimension. Moreover, we generalize the model to possess an arbitrary potential and clarify under what conditions the general model exhibits the gravitational Higgs mechanism. By searching for solutions to the conditions, we arrive at two classes of potentials exhibiting gravitational Higgs mechanism. One class includes the model by Chamseddine and Mukhanov in a specific case while the other is a completely new model.
SMC for Discrete-Time Networked Semi-Markovian Switching Systems With Random DoS Attacks and Applications

This article concentrates on the discrete-time sliding mode control (DTSMC) problem for uncertain networked semi-Markovian switching systems (S-MSSs) under random denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. The semi-Markovian kernel (SMK) approach is utilized such that the switching among different modes is mutually governed by the transition probability and the sojourn-time distribution function. Considering randomly occurring DoS attacks, a sliding mode function related to the attack probability is constructed to analyze the impact of malicious attacks. Then, sufficient conditions under the equivalent DTSMC law are derived in view of the $\sigma $ -error mean square stability criterion. Furthermore, the synthesis problem of the proposed DTSMC law ensures that the resulting closed-loop system dynamics can be driven onto the prespecified sliding region within a limited time. Finally, an electronic throttle control system is shown to validate the proposed algorithm.
A bibliometric review of Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae): A green gold in agroindustry

Avocado's global acceptance has grown, resulting in expanding cultivation, agricultural development, and significant marketing efforts. Publicizing avocado also targets its by-products' nutritional and functional benefits. This is the first bibliometric analysis for avocado. It aims to provide a descriptive structure to identify collaborative patterns and emerging themes in avocado research. Based on the search string used in the article title, the study retrieved 2576 documents from the Scopus database for further analysis. For comparison, we separated the data into two study periods: 1916–2011 and 2012–2021. BibliometriX and VOSviewer software were used to examine the descriptive structure and collaborative patterns, as well as to create maps based on network data. When we compared the two study periods, we identified a changing pattern in descriptive structure, collaboration and research trends. Based on the identified emergent themes of the last decade, we propose that future research focuses on the functional and medicinal properties of avocado, postharvest management and its biological control, plant cultivars and diseases, and physicochemical properties of avocado and its by-products. Further bibliographic support revealed that, in addition to the fruit pulp, non-edible parts of Persea americana (bark, leaves, peel, seeds, and stem), and oil have remarkable concentrations of bioactive compounds with potential biological activity for health benefits.
Morphological Depiction of Seeds of Landraces of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

The landraces of rice play an important role as donor in breeding of varieties for desirable traits. One hundred twenty-one Farmers’ Varieties (FVs) of rice collected from West Bengal, Assam and Manipur had used to characterize the physical parameters of seeds. Based on the kernel length and L/B ratio, most of the FVs were found to be long bold (31 FVs) and short bold (47 FVs). Out of the remaining 43 FVs, 27 were long slender, 03 were short slender and 11 were medium slender. Rice seeds were also classified based on test weight. Most of the FVs were medium-heavy (50 FVs) and heavy (27 FVs). The yield of the FVs varied from 0.91 t/ha to 5.19 t/ha. Jadudhan (5.19 t/ha) was found to be the maximum seed-yielding genotype followed by Jaldhyapa-1 (4.92 t/ha), Jagratikartik (4.69 t/ha), Jamainaru (4.68 t/ha), Kerala Sundari (4.58 t/ha), Satiya (4.44 t/ha), Dubari Komal (4.32 t/ha), Jugal (4.08 t/ha), Boichi (4.06 t/ha), Patanai (4.06 t/ha), UBL-4 (4.05 t/ha) and Khayamdhan (4.01 t/ha). From this collection, donors may be selected for breeding long-grained rice as well as rice with high test weight.
PERAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) TERHADAP HUBUNGAN ANTARA TRANSAKSI PIHAK BERELASI DAN NILAI PERUSAHAAN

Nilai perusahaan dapat dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh transaksi pihak berelasi (penjualan, pembelian, piutang dan hutang) terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan tanggung jawab sosial (CSR) sebagai variabel moderasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan populasi perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama 2015-2019. Sampel diperoleh dengan metode purposive sampling sebanyak 150 sampel dari 30 perusahaan. Proses pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis regresi linear berganda dengan Method Regression Analysis (MRA). Penelitian ini menemukan hasil bahwa transaksi pihak berelasi (penjualan) berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan. Sedangkan transaksi pihak berelasi lainnya (pembelian, piutang dan hutang) tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan. Penelitian ini juga menemukan hasil bahwa CSR mampu memoderasi hubungan antara transaksi pihak berelasi (penjualan) dan nilai perusahaan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin meningkat nilai pelaporan CSR berpengaruh pada meningkatnya nilai perusahaan. Namun CSR tidak mampu memoderasi hubungan antara transaksi pihak berelasi lainnya (pembelian, piutang, hutang) dan nilai perusahaan. Hal ini memungkinkan adanya dampak atas keputusan dan aktivitas yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan sehingga juga akan mempengaruhi nilai perusahaan.
Linewidth narrowing and stabilization from a short cavity ring laser source design for fibre sensor applications

A Brillouin ring laser source intended for distributed optical fiber sensing is detailed, showing high maximum output (1.5 mW), a strong linewidth narrowing effect for both the pump and the output, reaching 10 kHz linewidth and noise reduction (RIN ~ -145 dB/Hz), resulting in a high performance BRL source that can provide both pump and probe signals for BOTDA applications.
IoT monitoring system for air quality assessment and collecting data

The composition of the air has been visibly altered as a result of human activity, resulting in what we term air pollution. It is no longer necessary to prove the effects on ecosystems and human health. Under these conditions, governments all around the world are working to address this issue, notably in the area of real-time air quality monitoring. The implementation of a data provider is a necessary step in achieving this goal. In that case, this study presents a hardware and software solution to provide a low-cost deployable device to acquire environmental data related to AP such as CO, CO2, NH3, and NO2, along with temperature and humidity. In addition to an user interface development, a complete circuit layout and a set of software criteria are set up to ensure a reliable implementation, data collection, and network communications. The results demonstrated that the device is capable of effectively obtaining real-time data. The analysis results indicate a link between environmental conditions and parameter values. This system deployment will ultimately contribute to providing a more elaborate mapped data distribution, according to a better understanding of our environment.
Electromagnetic power of merging and collapsing compact objects

[Abridged] Electromagnetic emission can be produced as a precursor to the merger, as a prompt emission during the collapse of a NS and at the spin-down stage of the resulting BH. We demonstrate that the time evolution of the axisymmetric force-free magnetic fields can be expressed in terms of the hyperbolic Grad-Shafranov equation. We find exact non-linear time-dependent split-monopole structure of magnetosphere driven by spinning and collapsing NS in Schwarzschild geometry. Based on this solution, we argue that the collapse of a NS into the BH happens smoothly, without natural formation of current sheets or other dissipative structures on the open field lines and, thus, does not allow the magnetic field to become disconnected from the star and escape to infinity. Thus, as long as an isolated Kerr BH can produce plasma and currents, it does not lose its open magnetic field lines, its magnetospheric structure evolved towards a split monopole and the BH spins down electromagnetically. The "no hair theorem", which assumes that the outside medium is a vacuum, is not applicable in this case: highly conducting plasma introduces a topological constraint forbidding the disconnection of the magnetic field lines from the BH. Eventually, a single random large scale spontaneous reconnection event will lead to magnetic field release, shutting down the electromagnetic BH engine forever. We also discuss the nature of short Gamma Ray Bursts and suggest that the similarity of the early afterglows properties of long and short GRBs can be related to the fact that in both cases a spinning BH can retains magnetic field for sufficiently long time to extract a large fraction of its rotation energy and produce high energy emission via the internal dissipation in the wind.
Importance of Microbiome of Fecal Samples Obtained from Adolescents with Different Weight Conditions on Resistance Gene Transfer

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a relevant public health problem worldwide, and microbiome bacteria may contribute to the horizontal gene transfer associated with antimicrobial resistance. The microbiome of fecal samples from Mexican adolescents were analyzed and correlated with eating habits, and the presence of AMR genes on bacteria in the microbiome was evaluated. Fecal samples from adolescents were collected and processed to extract genomic DNA. An Illumina HiSeq 1500 system was used to determine resistance genes and the microbiome of adolescents through the amplification of gene resistance and the V3–V4 regions of RNA, respectively. Analysis of the microbiome from fecal samples taken from 18 obese, overweight, and normal-weight adolescents revealed that the Firmicutes was the most frequent phylum, followed by Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. The following species were detected as the most frequent in the samples: F. prausnitzii, P. cori, B. adolescentis, E. coli and A. muciniphila. The presence of Bacteroides, Prevotella and Ruminococcus was used to establish the enterotype; enterotype 1 was more common in women and enterotype 2 was more common in men. Twenty-nine AMR genes were found for β-lactamases, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, macrolide, lincosamides, streptogramin (MLS), tetracyclines and sulfonamides. The presence of microorganisms in fecal samples that harbor AMR genes that work against antimicrobials frequently used for the treatment of microbial infections such as b-lactams, macrolides, aminoglycosides, MLS, and tetracyclines is of great concern, as these organisms may be an important reservoir for horizontal AMR gene transfer.
Design of Novel Resonant Optical Voltage Sensor Based on Pockels Effect

A novel resonant optical voltage sensing scheme based on Pockels effect with less optical elements is proposed to pave the way for the miniaturization of voltage sensors in a high-voltage power grid, which can improve the voltage detection accuracy by using the multiple propagation of light in the resonator composed of Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO) crystal and reflector. Based on the multiple beam interference theory, the optical sensing model is analyzed to explore the influence of the key parameters such as the propagation loss and the resonator reflectivity on the performance of resonant optical voltage sensor. Considering the propagation loss and reflectivity, a resonator is designed to promote the limit sensitivity of the resonant optical voltage sensor. Also, based on the theoretical analysis results, we obtained that the design parameters (propagation loss <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula> and reflectivity <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${r}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of the resonator are, respectively, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \le0.5$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${r} \ge0.83$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Finally, the experimental equipment of the novel resonant optical voltage sensor is built, and the measured resonator finesse shows that the limit sensitivity of the resonant optical voltage sensor can achieve <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3.689\times 10^{-{5}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> V. Furthermore, the experimental results of the resonant optical voltage sensor demonstrate that the resonant frequency of the resonator is linear with the applied voltage. The proposed resonant sensing scheme has the potential to lay the foundation for the miniaturization of high-precision optical voltage sensors in the future.
Mass segregation and elongation of the starburst cluster Westerlund 1

Massive stellar clusters are the best available laboratories to study the mass function of stars. Based on NTT/SofI near-infrared photometry, we have investigated the properties of the massive young cluster Westerlund 1. From comparison with stellar models, we derived an extinction mag, an age τ= 4 ± 0.5 Myr and a distance d= 4.0 ± 0.2 kpc for Westerlund 1, as well as a total mass of . Using spatially-dependent completeness corrections, we performed a two-dimensional study of the cluster’s initial mass function (IMF) and, in addition, of the stellar density profiles of the cluster as a function of mass. From both IMF slope variations and stellar density, we find strong evidence of mass segregation. For a cluster with some 105 stars, this is not expected at such a young age as the result of two-body relaxation alone. We also confirm previous findings on the elongation of Westerlund 1; assuming an elliptical density profile, we found an axial ratio of a:b= 3:2. Rapid mass segregation and elongation could be well explained as the results of subclusters merging during the formation of Westerlund 1.
Landau damping in a collisionless dipolar Bose gas

We present a theory for the Landau damping of low-energy quasiparticles in a collisionless, quasi-twodimensional dipolar Bose gas and produce expressions for the damping rate in uniform and nonuniform systems. Usingsimpleenergy-momentum conservationarguments,weshowthatinthehomogeneous system,thenatureof the low-energy dispersion in a dipolar Bose gas severely inhibits Landau damping of long wavelength excitations. For a gas with contact and dipolar interactions, the damping rate for phonons tends to decrease with increasing dipolar interactions; for strong dipole-dipole interactions, phonons are virtually undamped over a broad range of temperature. The damping rate for maxon-roton excitations is found to be significantly larger than the damping rate for phonons.
EVOLUTION OF QUIESCENT AND STAR-FORMING GALAXIES SINCE z ∼ 1.5 AS A FUNCTION OF THEIR VELOCITY DISPERSIONS

We measure stellar masses and structural parameters for 5500 quiescent and 20,000 star-forming galaxies at 0.3 < z ⩽ 1.5 in the Newfirm Medium Band Survey COSMOS and UKIDSS UDS fields. We combine these measurements to infer velocity dispersions and determine how the number density of galaxies at fixed inferred dispersion, or the velocity dispersion function (VDF), evolves with time for each population. We show that the number of galaxies with high velocity dispersions appears to be surprisingly stable with time, regardless of their star formation history. Furthermore, the overall VDF for star-forming galaxies is constant with redshift, extending down to the lowest velocity dispersions probed by this study. The only galaxy population showing strong evolution are quiescent galaxies with low inferred dispersions, whose number density increases by a factor of ∼4 since z = 1.5. This buildup leads to an evolution in the quiescent fraction of galaxies such that the threshold dispersion above which quiescent galaxies dominate the counts moves to lower velocity dispersion with time. We show that our results are qualitatively consistent with a simple model in which star-forming galaxies quench and are added to the quiescent population. In order to compensate for the migration into the quiescent population, the velocity dispersions of star-forming galaxies must increase, with a rate that increases with dispersion.
Exfoliation of MoS2 Quantum Dots: Recent Progress and Challenges

Although, quantum dots (QDs) of two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) have shown great potential for various applications, such as sensing, catalysis, energy storage, and electronics. However, the lack of a simple, scalable, and inexpensive fabrication method for QDs is still a challenge. To overcome this challenge, a lot of attention has been given to the fabrication of QDs, and several fabrication strategies have been established. These exfoliation processes are mainly divided into two categories, the ‘top-down’ and ‘bottom-up’ methods. In this review, we have discussed different top-down exfoliation methods used for the fabrication of MoS2 QDs and the advantages and limitations of these methods. A detailed description of the various properties of QDs is also presented.
Percolation of overlapping squares or cubes on a lattice

Porous media are often modeled as systems of overlapping obstacles, which leads to the problem of two percolation thresholds in such systems, one for the porous matrix and the other for the void space. Here we investigate these percolation thresholds in the model of overlapping squares or cubes of linear size k > 1 randomly distributed on a regular lattice. We find that the percolation threshold of obstacles is a nonmonotonic function of k, whereas the percolation threshold of the void space is well approximated by a function linear in 1/k. We propose a generalization of the excluded volume approximation to discrete systems and use it to investigate the transition between continuous and discrete percolation, finding a remarkable agreement between the theory and numerical results. We argue that the continuous percolation threshold of aligned squares on a plane is the same for the solid and void phases and estimate the continuous percolation threshold of the void space around aligned cubes in a 3D space as 0.036(1). We also discuss the connection of the model to the standard site percolation with complex neighborhood.
Finite Energy of Black Holes in Massive Gravity

In GR the static gravitational potential of a self-gravitating body goes as 1/r at large distances and any slower decrease leads to infinity energy. We show that in a class of four-dimensional massive gravity theories there exists spherically symmetric solutions with finite total energy, featuring an asymptotic behavior slower than 1/r and generically of the form r. This suggests that configurations with nonstandard asymptotics may well turn out to be physical. The effect is due to an extra field coupled only gravitationally, which allows for modifications of the static potential generated by matter, while counterbalancing the apparently infinite energy budget.
Broadband Sound Source Localisation via Non-Synchronous Measurements for Service Robots: A Tensor Completion Approach

Constraint by the physical geometry, the lower and upper frequency bound and the scale of the scanning area of a microphone array are limited. Owing to its movable feature, for the service robots, achieving a wider working frequency range with a global view requires a virtually larger and denser array, which can be realised using non-synchronous measurements beamforming with a movable microphone array prototype. However, even when using the state-of-the-art method, it is challenging to localise multiple broadband sources, owing to the difficulty in selecting an appropriate operating frequency without any prior information about the target signal. Therefore, this letter proposes a tensor-completion-based non-synchronous measurements method for broadband multiple-sound-source localisation. The tensor data structure of the broadband signal is analysed, and an alternating direction method based on multiplier optimisation with a tensor multi-norm constraint is proposed. This algorithm can provide a sound map with a distinct global view of three different speech signal sources with high accuracy. Compared with the matrix-based optimisation method, the proposed method can significantly reduce the mean square error of the estimated source location.