Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Classification of late seral coastal temperate rainforests with high spatial resolution QuickBird imagery

Over the last decade, the spatial resolution of satellite imagery has approached the fine resolution of aerial photographs. However, the suitability of high spatial resolution satellite imagery in providing detailed forest inventory information remains an area of ongoing research. In this paper, we assess the relative roles of high spatial resolution satellite imagery and ancillary landscape positional data (elevation and potential soil moisture) to detect the fine-scale variability in late seral coastal temperate rainforests in British Columbia, Canada. Using an object-based classifier, a broad-scale classification first delineated late seral forests from younger forests. This was followed by a second, finer-scale classification of late seral vegetation associations. The results of the broad classification indicated that late seral forests can be well delineated from younger forests, with an accuracy exceeding 90%. Results from the finer-scale classification indicated that the ability to discriminate different forest associations was lower and highly variable depending on the location and type of class. In particular, results indicated that spectral and textural information was less useful in discriminating among late seral forest associations than were landscape positional variables. High spatial resolution satellite imagery has potential for use in ecosystem inventories because of its ability to map and monitor forest cover at multiple scales. However, further testing of the capabilities of QuickBird imagery in heterogeneous forested landscapes is necessary.
The correlation parameter of renewal processes and structures with positive and negative periodicity

The correlation parameter (CP) as a generalization of the concepts of correlation time and correlation length is calculated for the renewal point structure by studying the spectral density. This structure is a generalization of the renewal process and is characterized by the probability distribution of distances between neighboring points. These distances can be negative. A non-monotonic dependence of the CP on the periodicity parameter is obtained. The results of calculating CPs using spectral densities for various renewal structures are in good agreement with the results of the general formula for quasi-symmetric distributions.
Defining Millisecond Pulsars

Millisecond pulsars (MSP) are an important subclass of rotation powered pulsars (RPP), traditionally defined as those with P s < 20–30 ms and B s ≲ 1010 G. We re-examine this definition by applying Gaussian mixture model analysis to identify distinct clusters within the RPP population and find that the MSPs appear to be better demarcated by the condition P s ≲ 16 ms.
Adjustable short-term memory of SiO x :Ag-based memristor for reservoir computing

Temporal information processing is critical for a wide spectrum of applications, such as finance, biomedicine, and engineering. Reservoir computing (RC) can efficiently process temporal information with low training costs. Various memristors have been explored to demonstrate RC systems leveraging the short-term memory and nonlinear dynamic behaviours. However, the short-term memory is fixed after the device fabrication, limiting the applications to diverse temporal analysis tasks. In this work, we propose the approaches to modulating the short-term memory of Pt/SiO x :Ag/Pt memristor for the performance improvement of the RC systems. By controlling the read voltage, pulse amplitude and pulse width applied to the devices, the obtainable range of the characteristic time reaches three orders of magnitude from microseconds to around milliseconds. Based on the fabricated memristor, the classification of 4-bit pulse streams is demonstrated. Memristor-based RC systems with adjustable short-term memory are constructed for time-series prediction and pattern recognition tasks with different requirements for the characteristic times. The simulation results show that low normalized root mean square error of 0.003 (0.27) in Hénon map (Mackey–Glass time series) and excellent classification accuracy of 99.6% (91.7%) in spoken-digit recognition (MNIST image recognition) are achieved, which outperforms most memristor-based RC systems recently reported. Furthermore, the RC networks with diverse short-term memories are constructed to address more complicated tasks with low prediction errors. This work proves the high controllability of memristor-based RC systems to handle multiple temporal processing tasks.
Face detection based on multi-information

In this paper we propose a face detection method based on multi-information, which is a development from knowledge-based methods. In contrast to the traditional approaches, we analyze not only the intensity information but also some intrinsic properties, such as orientation pattern, existing in the intensity image. We establish the template and rules by combining intensity, orientation and anisotropic measure obtained from the image. Moreover, we use Bayesian rule to automatically determine the parameters for the rules. Experiments show that our method achieves an obvious improvement in recognition ratio.
Interação dos Stakeholders em Organizações do Turismo: uma Análise na Diretoria de Turismo em Guarulhos-SP

This study it has for objective to analyze the interaction of stakeholders of the tourism, in the definition of politics and strategies, in the city of Guarulhos/SP, verified under the optics of the theory of stakeholders. In relation to the delineation of the research it is had that the same one if characterizes for the application of a research qualitative, developed by means of a study of only case, represented for the municipal agency of tourism of Guarulhos/SP. The results show that main the investigated agency has fully identified and characterized stakeholders that they interact in the sector, with notion of its position in negotiations and action, aspects diverse boosters, necessities of some of these, existing delimitation of the potential cash of each one, influences in the events, and alliances and partnerships. As for the interaction, it functions in the direction to contemplate all involved that they participate of diverse foruns local and regional, of which leave demands that will be inlaid in the planning of the actions of the investigated agency; regional level, the envolvement of stakeholders if of the one of participate form, and the municipal theatre, the interaction if translates more by means of partnerships in specific projects. One concludes that the emphases had fallen again on the institutions and associations of classroom, and superior schools and techniques, especially those related to the tourism and would hotels, over all in function of its representation, power of mobilization and organization, and capacity to cooperate with the public power, also in relation to the interaction has clearly an agreement and ability to deal with diverse stakeholders on the part of the searched agency.
Variantes sur un th\'eor\`eme de Cand\`es, Romberg et Tao

Variations on a theorem of Cand\`es, Romberg and Tao The CRT theorem reconstructs a signal from a sparse set of frequencies, a paradigm of Compressed sensing. The signal is assumed to be carried by a small number of points, s, in a large cyclic set, of order N; the frequencies consist of C s log N points chosen randomly in Z/N Z; the reconstruction is based on a minimal extrapolation in the Wiener algebra of Z/N Z of the restriction of the Fourier transform of the signal to the chosen set of frequencies. The probability of reconstructing the signal is nearly 1 when C is large. The statement should be modified when we want all signals carried by s points to be reconstructed in that way. The CRT approach is based on random matrices, here the approach is classical Fourier analysis.
Oceanic satellite data service system based on web

The ocean satellite observation is more and more important to study the global change, protect ocean resource and implement ocean engineering for their large area cover and high frequency observation, which have already given us a global view of ocean environment parameters, including the sea surface temperature, ocean color, wind, wave, sea level and sea ice, etc. China has made great progress in ocean environment remote sensing over the last couple of years. These data are widely used for a variety of applications in ocean environment studies, coastal water quality monitoring environmental, fishery resources protection, development and utilization of fishery resources, coastal engineering and oceanography. But the data are no online information access and dissemination, no online visualization & browsing, no online query and analyze capability. To facilitate the application of the data and to help disseminating the data, a web-service system has developed. The system provides capabilities of online oceanic satellite information access, query, visualize and analyze. It disseminates oceanic satellite data to the users via real time retrieval, processing and publishing through standards-based geospatial web services. A region of interest can also be exported directly to Google Earth for displaying or downloaded. This web service system greatly improves accessibility, interoperability, usability, and visualization of oceanic satellite data without any client-side software installation.
Jointly Adversarial Network to Wavelength Compensation and Dehazing of Underwater Images

Severe color casts, low contrast and blurriness of underwater images caused by light absorption and scattering result in a difficult task for exploring underwater environments. Different from most of previous underwater image enhancement methods that compute light attenuation along object-camera path through hazy image formation model, we propose a novel jointly wavelength compensation and dehazing network (JWCDN) that takes into account the wavelength attenuation along surface-object path and the scattering along object-camera path simultaneously. By embedding a simplified underwater formation model into generative adversarial network, we can jointly estimates the transmission map, wavelength attenuation and background light via different network modules, and uses the simplified underwater image formation model to recover degraded underwater images. Especially, a multi-scale densely connected encoder-decoder network is proposed to leverage features from multiple layers for estimating the transmission map. To further improve the recovered image, we use an edge preserving network module to enhance the detail of the recovered image. Moreover, to train the proposed network, we propose a novel underwater image synthesis method that generates underwater images with inherent optical properties of different water types. The synthesis method can simulate the color, contrast and blurriness appearance of real-world underwater environments simultaneously. Extensive experiments on synthetic and real-world underwater images demonstrate that the proposed method yields comparable or better results on both subjective and objective assessments, compared with several state-of-the-art methods.
Reconciling precipitation trends in Alaska: 1. Station‐based analyses

Numerous studies have evaluated precipitation trends in Alaska and come to different conclusions. These studies differ in analysis period and methodology and do not address the issue of temporal homogeneity. To reconcile these conflicting results, we selected 29 stations with largely complete monthly records, screened them for homogeneity, and then evaluated trend over two analysis periods (1950–2010 and 1980–2010) using three methods: least absolute deviation regression, ordinary least squares regression (with and without transformation), and Mann‐Kendall trend testing following removal of first‐order autocorrelation. We found that differences in analytical period had a significant impact on trends and that the presence of inhomogeneities or step changes also posed a substantial challenge in detecting reliable long‐term trends in precipitation over Alaska, particularly in the southern part of the state. Although some of these inhomogeneities occur in the mid‐1970s and could be associated with well‐documented changes in the Pacific Ocean and the Aleutian Low at that time, many of the inhomogeneities co‐occur with changes in station location, instrumentation, or operation. These operationally induced changes make it difficult to accurately detect the impact of decadal to multidecadal climate variability on precipitation amounts and to assess historical precipitation trends in Alaska.
Scaling in the Space Climatology of the Auroral Indices: Is Soc the Only Possible Description ?

The study of the robust features of the magnetosphere is motivated both by new " whole system " approaches, and by the idea of " space climate " as opposed to " space weather ". We enumerate these features for the AE index, and discuss whether self-organised criticality (SOC) is the most natural explanation of the " stylised facts " so far known for AE. We identify and discuss some open questions, answers to which will clarify the extent to which AE's properties provide evidence for SOC. We then suggest an SOC-like reconnection-based scenario drawing on the result of Craig (2001) as an explanation of the very recent demonstration by Uritsky et al. (2001b) of power laws in several properties of spatiotemporal features seen in auroral images.
Node and edge control strategy identification via trap spaces in Boolean networks

The study of control mechanisms of biological systems allows for interesting applications in bioengineering and medicine, for instance in cell reprogramming or drug target identification. A control strategy often consists of a set of interventions that, by fixing the values of some components, ensure that the long term dynamics of the controlled system is in a desired state. A common approach to control in the Boolean framework consists in checking how the fixed values propagate through the network, to establish whether the effect of percolating the interventions is sufficient to induce the target state. Although methods based uniquely on value percolation allow for efficient computation, they can miss many control strategies. Exhaustive methods for control strategy identification, on the other hand, often entail high computational costs. In order to increase the number of control strategies identified while still benefiting from an efficient implementation, we introduce a method based on value percolation that uses trap spaces, subspaces of the state space that are closed with respect to the dynamics, and that can usually be easily computed in biological networks. The approach allows for node interventions, which fix the value of certain components, and edge interventions, which fix the effect that one component has on another. The method is implemented using Answer Set Programming, extending an existing efficient implementation of value percolation to allow for the use of trap spaces and edge control. The applicability of the approach is studied for different control targets in a biological case study, identifying in all cases new control strategies that would escape usual percolation-based methods.
Infodemics: A call to action for interdisciplinary research

Research on infodemics, i.e., the rapid spread of (mis)information related to a hazardous event such as the COVID-19 pandemic, requires the integration of a multiplicity of scientific disciplines. The dynamics emerging from infodemics have the potential to generate complex behavioral patterns. For the field of Business and Economics, understanding these dynamics is of ultimate importance: it supports, for example, anticipating individual behavior, which might help reduce the uncertainty entailed by the COVID-19 pandemic and allows for assessing the efficiency of policy decisions to contain its effects. In addition to the field of Business and Economics, we take into account the following disciplines: Through the lens of Computer Science and Information Systems, the information accessible to individuals is central, whereby the way information spreads in a society is strongly affected by the employed algorithms for information provision and by personalization. From the perspective of Linguistics, specific language signals in communication which emerge during pandemics have to be taken into account (e.g., emotion-related words, avoiding causal terms). Considering linguistic patterns in the context of infodemics appears to be highly relevant as they strongly affect how information is interpreted, fact-checked, made sense of by non-expert persons, and the way misinformation is automatically detected. From a Cognitive Psychology point of view, the focus is on how motives, intuition and affect influence the search and evaluation of information, and on how cognitive processes, the digital information environment and linguistic patterns together shape individuals' understanding of critical events, risk perception and behavior. The perspective of Business and Economics allows for integrating these perspectives into the wider context of economic systems (e.g., organizations or the society).
Reliability analysis of deduplicated and erasure-coded storage

Space efficiency and data reliability are two primary concerns for modern storage systems. Chunk-based deduplication, which breaks up data objects into single-instance chunks that can be shared across objects, is an effective method for saving storage space. However, deduplication affects data reliability because an object's constituent chunks are often spread across a large number of disks, potentially decreasing the object's reliability. Therefore, an important problem in deduplicated storage is how to achieve space efficiency yet maintain each object's original reliability. In this paper, we present initial results on the reliability analysis of HP-KVS, a deduplicated key-value store that allows each object to specify its own reliability level and that uses software erasure coding for data reliability. The combination of deduplication and erasure coding gives rise to several interesting research problems. We show how to compare the reliability of erasure codes with different parameters and how to analyze the reliability of a big data object given its constituent parts' reliabilities. We also present a method for system designers to determine under what conditions deduplication will save space for erasure-coded data.
Effect of inclined jet screen on turbidity current

The sustainable use of reservoirs for irrigation, flood protection, water supply and hydropower may be endangered due to unavoidable reservoir sedimentation. Turbidity currents are the main process for the transport and deposit of sediments in reservoirs, especially in the deepest part near the dam where vital structures such as power intakes and bottom outlets are located. Besides other measures such as solid or permeable obstacles, turbidity currents can be influenced by means of an inclined water jet screen. Physical experiments of a turbidity current flowing through a water jet screen were carried out. Velocity profiles, front velocities, and deposit evolutions were determined. The results indicate that in certain configurations, turbidity currents can be partially stopped by the jet screen. Furthermore, the deposits downstream of the screen may be reduced up to a factor of two as compared with deposits of a free-flowing turbidity current.
Measurement of soil water content below a wastewater trench using ground‐penetrating radar

Ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) was used to measure the distribution of soil water content below a wastewater trench. Two household septic system trenches were installed in a sandy soil. Vertical time domain reflectometry (TDR) probes were installed through the bottom of one of the trenches. The TDR probes were used to measure soil water content for comparison to the GPR data. The GPR measurements were performed in zero‐offset gather (ZOG) and multiple‐offset gather (MOG) survey modes with the antennas in horizontal boreholes located on opposite sides and below the wastewater trench. The ZOG survey mode gave an estimate of the average water content in the horizontal plane below the trench at a prescribed interval along the trench. The MOG survey mode produced a tomographic image of the distribution of soil water content in the same horizontal plane below the trench. A similar range of values of water contents was measured by TDR and GPR methods.
Open Quantum Cosmology: A study of two body quantum entanglement in static patch of De Sitter space

In this work, our prime objective is to study non-locality and long-range effect of two-body correlation using quantum entanglement from the various information-theoretic measure in the static patch of De Sitter space using a two-body Open Quantum System (OQS). The OQS is described by two entangled atoms which are surrounded by a thermal bath, which is modelled by a massless probe scalar field. Firstly, we partially trace over the bath field and construct the Gorini Kossakowski Sudarshan Lindblad (GSKL) master equation, which describes the time evolution of the reduced subsystem density matrix. This GSKL master equation is characterized by two components, these are-Spin chain interaction Hamiltonian and the Lindbladian. To fix the form of both of them, using Schwinger-Keldysh formalism we compute the Wightman functions for probe massless scalar field. Using this result along with the large time equilibrium behaviour we obtain the analytical solution for reduced density matrix. Further using this solution we compute Von-Neumann entropy, R$e'$nyi entropy, logarithmic negativity, entanglement of formation, concurrence and quantum discord in a static patch of De Sitter space. Finally, we have studied the violation of Bell-CHSH inequality, which is the key ingredient to study non-locality in primordial cosmology.
Implementation of a 3D virtual environment at the National University of the North West of the Province of Buenos Aires

The increasing incorporation of ICTs in education is generating a series of changes and transformations in the ways we represent and carry out teaching and learning processes. These changes can be seen in the traditional environments of formal education but also in the arrival of new educational environments totally or partially based on ITCs. This document discusses the design, creation and coordination of a 3D virtual teaching and learning environment for UNNOBA. With that aim, the definition and deployment of a 3D virtual environment [3DVE] focuses not only on technological and pedagogical aspects but also on a transition methodology to improve the quality of teaching methods and techniques.