Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EBSCAN: An Entanglement-based Algorithm for Discovering Dense Regions in Large Geo-social Data Streams with Noise

The remarkable growth of social networking services on global positioning system (GPS)-enabled handheld devices has produced enormous amounts of georeferenced big data. Given a large spatial dataset, the challenge is to effectively discover dense regions from the dataset. Dense regions might be the most attractive area in a city or the most dangerous zone of a town. A solution to this problem can be useful in many applications, including marketing, tourism, and social research. Density-based clustering methods, such as DBSCAN, are often used for this purpose. Nevertheless, current spatial clustering methods emphasize density while neglecting human behavior derived from geographical features. In this paper, we propose EBSCAN, which is based on the novel idea of an entanglement-based approach. Our method considers not only spatial information but also human behavior derived from geographical features. Another problem is that competing methods such as DBSCAN have two input parameters. Thus, it is difficult to determine optimal values. EBSCAN requires only a single intuitive parameter, tooFar, to discover dense regions. Finally, we evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method using both toy examples and real datasets. Our experimentally obtained results reveal the properties of EBSCAN and show that it is >10 times faster than the competitor.
ECG Indices Poorly Predict Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Are Applicable Only in Individuals with Low Cardiovascular Risk

Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular events. The electrocardiography (ECG) has poor sensitivity, but it is commonly used to detect LVH. Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of known ECG indicators to recognize LVH in subgroups with different cardiovascular risk levels. Methods: 676 volunteers were included. Results: We found that 10.2% of the analyzed population had LVH based on echocardiography. Individuals with LVH were older, had a higher body mass index, higher systolic blood pressure, lower heart rate, higher parameters of insulin resistance, higher cardiovascular risk, and android-type obesity. Variables that remained independently associated with LVH were QRS duration, left atrial volume index, troponin T, and hemoglobin A1c. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis of the Sokolow–Lyon index did not show a significant predictive ability to diagnose LVH in the whole study population including all cardiovascular risk classes. The ROC curves analysis of Cornell and Lewis indices showed a modest predictive ability to diagnose LVH in the general population and in a low cardiovascular class. Conclusions: There is a need for new, simple methods to diagnose LVH in the general population in order to properly evaluate cardiovascular risk and introduce optimal medical treatment of concomitant disease.
Mechanisms leading to oligomers and SOA through aqueous photooxidation: insights from OH radical oxidation of acetic acid

Y. Tan1*, Y. B. Lim1, K. E. Altieri2, S. P. Seitzinger3, B. J. Turpin1** Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, 14 College Farm Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, B80 Guyot Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP), Lilla Frescativagen 4a, Stockholm, Sweden *Current address: Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, 15213, Pennsylvania, USA **Corresponding author. Phone: (732) 932-9800 ext 6139; fax: (732) 932-8644; e-mail:
Contribution a l'etude des stocks et flux d'elements dans les herbiers a posidonia oceanica

Les herbiers a posidonia oceanica de marseille sont suivis pendant deux ans. Trois stations sont choisies en fonction de leur distance par rapport a l'emissaire. Deux stations a -10m, cortiou10 et riou10, et une a -18m riou18. Ces stations sont soumises a un hydrodynamisme violent. Leur fonctionnement sera compare a celui des herbiers d'ischia (italie) ou deux stations sont choisies (ischia10, ischia20). Ces stations sont dans une zone abritee. Cette etude comprend des etudes phenologique et lepidochronologique, une evaluation des stocks et de la cinetique de degradation de la litiere. Ces resultats permettent d'evaluer le cycle de renouvellement des feuilles, la production primaire, le devenir de cette production et les flux en mediterranee. Le compartiment litiere est etudie en quantifiant la biomasse et les apports theoriques, en suivant la cinetique de degradation de la litiere et en quantifiant la quantite de litiere exportee. La production primaire des herbiers de marseille est respectivement de 661, 533 et 436 gps/m#2/an a cortiou10, riou10, et riou18. La production de limbes represente 71% de la production totale et celle de rhizomes, 7%. Des experiences de cages estiment que 30% de la production primaire est consommee a cortiou10 et 22% a riou18. Nous avons schematise le devenir des stocks et flux d'elements issus de la production primaire. A marseille, 7% sont consommes, 24% degrades, 35% exportes et 34% stockes (matte). Ce schema est oppose a celui obtenu a ischia, qui est respectivement de 3%, 38%, 29% et 30%. L'hydrodynamisme joue un role fondamental pour le devenir de la litiere. L'ecosysteme a posidonia oceanica joue le role de puits de carbone (32% sont stockes dans la matte). En mediterranee, on estime la production primaire de posidonia oceanica a 4. 4 millions de tonnes de carbone: 2,8 millions sont perdus soit par exportation, soit par stockage dans la matte
Identification de rôles communautaires dans des réseaux orientés appliquée à Twitter

The notion of community structure is particularly useful when analyzing complex networks, because it provides an intermediate level, compared to the more classic global (whole network) and local (node neighborhood) approaches. The concept of community role of a node was derived from this base, in order to describe the position of a node in a network depending on its connectivity at the community level. However, the existing approaches are restricted to undirected networks, use topological measures which do not consider all aspects of community-related connectivity, and their role identification methods are not generalizable to all networks. We tackle these limitations by generalizing and extending the measures, and using an unsupervised approach to determine the roles. We then illustrate the applicability of our method by analyzing a Twitter network.We show how our modifications allow discovering the fact some particular users called social capitalists occupy very specific roles in this system. --- La notion de structure de communaut\'es est particuli\`erement utile pour \'etudier les r\'eseaux complexes, car elle am\`ene un niveau d'analyse interm\'ediaire, par opposition aux plus classiques niveaux local (voisinage des noeuds) et global (r\'eseau entier). Le concept de r\^ole communautaire permet de d\'ecrire le positionnement d'un noeud en fonction de sa connectivit\'e communautaire. Cependant, les approches existantes sont restreintes aux r\'eseaux non-orient\'es, utilisent des mesures topologiques ne consid\'erant pas tous les aspects de la connectivit\'e communautaire, et des m\'ethodes d'identification des r\^oles non-g\'en\'eralisables \`a tous les r\'eseaux. Nous proposons de r\'esoudre ces probl\`emes en g\'en\'eralisant les mesures existantes, et en utilisant une m\'ethode non-supervis\'ee pour d\'eterminer les r\^oles. Nous illustrons l'int\'er\^et de notre m\'ethode en l'appliquant au r\'eseau de Twitter. Nous montrons que nos modifications mettent en \'evidence les r\^oles sp\'ecifiques d'utilisateurs particuliers du r\'eseau, nomm\'es capitalistes sociaux.
Signaux audiophoniques : modélisation hydride et schéma de codage

L'objet de nos travaux est le developpement d'un modele dedie a la compression des signaux audiophoniques (musique, parole, etc). Une approche hybride recursive est mise en place, basee sur le modele additif de la forme: signal = tonales + transitoires + residu. Dans un contexte de codage par transformation, on modelise les coefficients issus d'une decomposition sur une base orthonormale (de cosinus pour les tonales, et d'ondelettes pour les transitoires) comme des variables aleatoires suivant un melange de lois normales. Les coefficients significatifs de ces developpements sont ensuite estimes puis quantifies et codes en binaire. L'introduction de modeles de Markov caches evoluant en temps (chaines) permet de capturer les "lignes de frequence" qui forment les structures tonales. Cette approche permet d'exploiter la propriete de persistance temporelle des coefficients significatifs, et de developper des algorithmes performants d'estimation. De la meme facon, les structures transitoires sont definies comme des arbres connexes de coefficients issus de la decomposition en ondelettes du signal prive de sa partie tonale. La persistance inter-echelles des coefficients significatifs est prise en compte par un modele de Markov cache a deux etats evoluant sur une structure d'arbre dyadique. Des algorithmes d'estimation sont aussi developpes dans ce cadre. Des estimations theoriques de debit, d'energie et de distorsion sont presentees. Finalement, nous posons les bases d'un codec pour les signaux audiophoniques a l'aide de l'introduction des indices de "tonalite" et de "transitoirite" d'un signal.
Prevalence, Risk Factor Analysis, and Follow-Up of Infections Caused by Three Feline Hemoplasma Species in Cats in Switzerland

ABSTRACT Recently, a third novel feline hemotropic Mycoplasma sp. (aka hemoplasma), “Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis,” in a cat with hemolytic anemia has been described. This is the first study to investigate the prevalence, clinical manifestations, and risk factors for all three feline hemoplasma infections in a sample of 713 healthy and ill Swiss cats using newly designed quantitative real-time PCR assays. “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum” infection was detected in 7.0% and 8.7% and Mycoplasma haemofelis was detected in 2.3% and 0.2% of healthy and ill cats, respectively. “Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis” was only detected in six ill cats (1.1%); three of them were coinfected with “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum. ” The 16S rRNA gene sequence of 12 Swiss hemoplasma isolates revealed >98% similarity with previously published sequences. Hemoplasma infection was associated with male gender, outdoor access, and old age but not with retrovirus infection and was more frequent in certain areas of Switzerland. “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum”-infected ill cats were more frequently diagnosed with renal insufficiency and exhibited higher renal blood parameters than uninfected ill cats. No correlation between hemoplasma load and packed cell volume was found, although several hemoplasma-infected cats, some coinfected with feline immunodeficiency virus or feline leukemia virus, showed hemolytic anemia. High M. haemofelis loads (>9 × 105 copies/ml blood) seem to lead to anemia in acutely infected cats but not in recovered long-term carriers. A repeated evaluation of 17 cats documented that the infection was acquired in one case by blood transfusion and that there were important differences among species regarding whether or not antibiotic administration led to the resolution of bacteremia.
A Disease-causing Mutation Illuminates the Protein Membrane Topology of the Kidney-expressed Prohibitin Homology (PHB) Domain Protein Podocin*

Background: Mutations in the stomatin family protein podocin are the most common genetic cause of proteinuria. Results: A conserved proline residue of podocin is essential for its membrane topology. Conclusion: This study confirms a hairpin-like structure of the membrane-attached PHB domain protein and its significance for cholesterol recruitment. Significance: PodocinP118L elucidates the pathogenic implication in kidney disease and identifies a novel family of PHB domain proteins. Mutations in the NPHS2 gene are a major cause of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, a severe human kidney disorder. The NPHS2 gene product podocin is a key component of the slit diaphragm cell junction at the kidney filtration barrier and part of a multiprotein-lipid supercomplex. A similar complex with the podocin ortholog MEC-2 is required for touch sensation in Caenorhabditis elegans. Although podocin and MEC-2 are membrane-associated proteins with a predicted hairpin-like structure and amino and carboxyl termini facing the cytoplasm, this membrane topology has not been convincingly confirmed. One particular mutation that causes kidney disease in humans (podocinP118L) has also been identified in C. elegans in genetic screens for touch insensitivity (MEC-2P134S). Here we show that both mutant proteins, in contrast to the wild-type variants, are N-glycosylated because of the fact that the mutant C termini project extracellularly. PodocinP118L and MEC-2P134S did not fractionate in detergent-resistant membrane domains. Moreover, mutant podocin failed to activate the ion channel TRPC6, which is part of the multiprotein-lipid supercomplex, indicative of the fact that cholesterol recruitment to the ion channels, an intrinsic function of both proteins, requires C termini facing the cytoplasmic leaflet of the plasma membrane. Taken together, this study demonstrates that the carboxyl terminus of podocin/MEC-2 has to be placed at the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to mediate cholesterol binding and contribute to ion channel activity, a prerequisite for mechanosensation and the integrity of the kidney filtration barrier.
Understanding Creativity: Where to Start?

Malkiel, B. G. (1985). A random walk down Wall Street (4th ed.). New York: Norton. McClelland, D. C. (1956). The calculated risk: An aspect of scientific performance. In C. W. Taylor (Ed.), The 1955 University of Utah research conference on the identification of creative scientific talent (pp. 96-110). Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press. McCrae, R. R. (1987). Creativity, divergent thinking, and openness to experience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 1258-1265. Stemnberg, R. J. (1985). Beyond IQ: A triarchic theory of human intelligence. New York: Cambridge University Press. Stemberg, R. J. (1988a). Mental self-government: A theory of intellectual styles and their development. Human Development, 31, 197-224. Stemnberg, R. J. (Ed.). (1988b). The nature of creativity. New York: Cambridge University Press. Stemnberg, R. J., & Lubart, T. I. (1991a, April). Creating creative minds. Phi Delka Kappan, pp. 608-614. Stemnberg, R. J., & Lubart, T. I. (1991b). An investment theory of creativity and its development. Human Development, 34, 131. Stemnberg, R. J., & Lubart, T. I. (1992). Buy low and sell high: An investment approach to creativity. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1, 1-5.
Cellular Prion Protein: From Physiology to Pathology

The human cellular prion protein (PrPC) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored membrane glycoprotein with two N-glycosylation sites at residues 181 and 197. This protein migrates in several bands by Western blot analysis (WB). Interestingly, PNGase F treatment of human brain homogenates prior to the WB, which is known to remove the N-glycosylations, unexpectedly gives rise to two dominant bands, which are now known as C-terminal (C1) and N-terminal (N1) fragments. This resembles the β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) in Alzheimer disease (AD), which can be physiologically processed by α-, β-, and γ-secretases. The processing of APP has been extensively studied, while the identity of the cellular proteases involved in the proteolysis of PrPC and their possible role in prion biology has remained limited and controversial. Nevertheless, there is a strong correlation between the neurotoxicity caused by prion proteins and the blockade of their normal proteolysis. For example, expression of non-cleavable PrPC mutants in transgenic mice generates neurotoxicity, even in the absence of infectious prions, suggesting that PrPC proteolysis is physiologically and pathologically important. As many mouse models of prion diseases have recently been developed and the knowledge about the proteases responsible for the PrPC proteolysis is accumulating, we examine the historical experimental evidence and highlight recent studies that shed new light on this issue.
Disputatiousness and the Offender–Victim Overlap

Objectives: We examine whether offenders are at greater risk of violent victimization than non-offenders because of their disputatiousness; that is, their tendency to become involved in verbal conflicts. We also examine whether offenders are more disputatious because of their low self-control, alcohol use, and honor-based attitudes and whether disputatiousness can explain the effects of these individual differences on violent victimization. Method: A series of regression models examine self-reported data from 503 male inmates and 220 men (N = 723) they know from the community who have never been arrested. Results: Disputatiousness accounts for a substantial portion of the relationship between victimization and offending (i.e., inmate status). Disputatiousness also mediates the relationships between victimization and frequent intoxication, low self-control, and honor-based attitudes. Low self-control and heavy alcohol use account for a substantial portion of the relationship between offending and disputatiousness. Disputatiousness and victimization are associated with a history of assaultive offenses but not a history of robbery. Conclusions: The tendency to become involved in verbal conflicts can partly explain high victimization rates among male offenders, and among men who lack self-control, are frequently intoxicated, and have strong concerns about protecting their honor.
Neighbourhood chronic stress and gender inequalities in hypertension among Canadian adults: a multilevel analysis

Background A growing body of literature regarding the contextual influences of ‘place’ effects on health increasingly demonstrates that living in neighbourhoods with high levels of deprivation is associated with worse cardiovascular outcomes; however, little research has explored whether neighbourhood deprivation has a differential impact on the cardiovascular health of men and women. The purpose of this study was to explore gender differences in the association between neighbourhood deprivation and the prevalence of hypertension among non-institutionalised Canadian adults. Methods Individual-level data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (2000–2005) were combined with area-level data from the 2001 Canada Census to assess the relationship between gender, neighbourhood deprivation and hypertension using multilevel regression. Results Of the 103 419 respondents, 20 705 reported having hypertension (17.6%). In multilevel models, neighbourhood deprivation was significantly associated with hypertension and this effect remained significant after adjusting for individual-level demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle characteristics (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.15). Neighbourhood deprivation appears to be a stronger predictor of hypertension among women, such that women living in areas of high deprivation were 10% more likely to report having hypertension in comparison with men living in the same neighbourhoods and with women living in the least impoverished neighbourhoods. Conclusions Although future research is needed to determine whether interventions at the area-level are effective in reducing inequalities in health outcomes across neighbourhoods, policies aimed at reducing area-level deprivation may have a differential benefit on the cardiovascular health of men and women.
Quelles sources cartographiques pour la définition des usages anciens du sol en France

Un travail de cartographie historique sur un territoire réduit, ou un massif forestier, nécessite naturellement un récolement exhaustif des sources à disposition, de l’Ancien Régime aux photographies aériennes récentes. Mais à plus petite échelle, il est préférable d’opérer à partir d’une source unique disponible pour la totalité de l’espace étudié. À la limite, la carte de Cassini, déjà intégralement digitalisée pour ce qui concerne les forêts, pourrait être prise comme référence, mais sa précision est médiocre, et sa période de réalisation est trop précoce. En effet, le déroulement de la transition forestière implique de fixer une date de référence dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle, correspondant au minimum historique présumé des surfaces forestières métropolitaines françaises, ce qui suppose que les documents d’archive utilisés pour la définition des forêts anciennes aient été réalisés dans cette période, ou au plus près de cette période. La carte d’état-major, bien qu’incomplètement digitalisée à ce jour, paraît correspondre aux objectifs fixés, tant en raison de sa date de réalisation qu’en raison de sa bonne précision. Encore faut-il connaître ses limites, et les risques inhérents à son utilisation. Nous avons donc cherché à la comparer à un corpus cartographique supposé plus fiable et plus précis, réalisé pendant la même période, mais difficile à utiliser comme référence dans des études à petite échelle en raison de la lourdeur du travail nécessaire à sa digitalisation : le cadastre napoléonien. Le cadastre sert ainsi de référence pour estimer la valeur de la carte d’état-major et préciser la localisation des surfaces forestières de la première moitié du XIXe siècle.
Low-rank regularization and solution uniqueness in over-parameterized matrix sensing

We consider the question whether algorithmic choices in over-parameterized linear matrix factorization introduce implicit low-rank regularization. We focus on the noiseless matrix sensing scenario over low-rank positive semi-deﬁnite (PSD) matrices over the reals, with a sensing mechanism that satisﬁes restricted isometry properties. Surprisingly, it was recently argued that for recovery of PSD matrices, gradient descent over a squared, full-rank factorized space introduces implicit low-rank regularization. Thus, a clever choice of the recovery algorithm avoids the need for explicit low-rank regularization. In this contribution, we prove that in fact, under certain conditions, the PSD constraint by itself is suﬃcient to lead to a unique low-rank matrix recovery, without explicit or implicit regularization. Therefore, under these conditions, the set of PSD matrices that are consistent with the observed data, is a singleton, regardless of the algorithm used. Our numerical study indicates that this result is general and extends to cases beyond the those covered by the proof.
CD161-positive CD4 T Cells in Rheumatoid Joint

Background: Activation of T cells participates in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as demonstrated by effective clinical responses to abatacept treatment. Recent studies determine the significance of CD161 expression on CD4+T cells as the effector and regulator in autoimmunity; however, the implication of CD161+CD4+ T lymphocytes in RA remains to be fully defined. Methods: Expression of CD161 was examined in circulating lymphocytes in 140 RA patients and 140 age-and sex-matched healthy controls, and analyzed in paired peripheral blood and synovial fluid samples from 18 late-stage RA patients with further functional characterization of synovial CD161+CD4+ T cells. Results: There were no differences in circulating frequencies of CD161+ T cells and expression levels of CD161 in different T cell subsets. Increased CD161 expression levels were found in synovial T cells, especially in the CD4 subset. Functional analysis of synovial CD161+CD4+ T cells revealed significant intracellular IFN-γ expression upon PMA/ionomycin activation and cytotoxicity against target cells with IL-15 stimulation. Conclusions: Synovial CD161+CD4+ T cells with pro-inflammatory features like IFN-γ production and cytotoxicity ability might participate in the RA pathogenesis.