Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Slanted and saw-toothed stator poles for improved performance of doubly salient permanent magnet motor

This paper presents the results of extensive finite element analyses conducted on doubly salient permanent magnet motor (DSPM) for improving the torque characteristics by novel methods; namely (i) slanted stator pole and (ii) saw-toothed stator pole. In the first method, stator poles are given a slant at the pole face; the slant in a direction opposite to the rotation of the motor has resulted in 7.33% and 71.45% increase in the average and maximum torques, respectively, when compared with the motor with original stator poles. With appropriate saw-tooth shaped stator poles, various permanent magnet torque and static torque profiles can be achieved.
Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Iranian SARS‐CoV‐2 genomes: A phylogenomic study

Characterization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) based on analyzing the evolution and mutations of viruses is crucial for tracking viral infections, potential mutants, and other pathogens. The purpose was to study the complete sequences of SARS‐CoV‐2 to reveal genetic distance and mutation rate among different provinces of Iran.
The orientations of the rotation axes of radio galaxies. II - Stellar rotation curves and velocity dispersion profiles

The stellar kinematics of nearby, optically luminous, elliptical galaxies of moderate radio power is investigated to determine whether these galaxies are kinematically unusual or show evidence for a relationship between their radio properties and stellar dynamics. A model describing the structure and kinematics of elliptical galaxies is developed which allows for oblate, prolate, and triaxial figure types. The model is fitted to the data to estimate the position angle of the rotation axis and the scale and amplitude of the rotation curve for each galaxy. The results demonstrate that elliptical galaxies possess a wide range of rotation velocities and that the projected minor and rotation axes can be oriented very differently. There is a tendency for the rotation axis to align with one of the symmetry axes of the projected figure. 37 references.
Frequency regionalization in the fish ear

The exact mechanism for frequency discrimination by bony fishes is unknown; however, the results of an experimental study by P.S. Enger [Hearing and Sound Communication in Fishes (Springer, New York, 1981), pp. 243–255] suggest the existence of frequency regionalization on the saccular macula in the ears of codfish. Frequency regionalization is similar to the place mechanism in the cochlea in that different frequencies stimulate different areas of the saccular and lagenar maculae. In this investigation, goldfish are subjected to a single‐frequency tone, about 140–150 dB above threshold, for two hours in order to damage areas sensitive to that frequency. During this exposure, the fish is constrained inside a waveguide with controllable acoustic pressure and particle velocity characteristics. The extent of regionalization on the maculae is determined based on electrophysiologically measured degradation of frequency tuning, and hair cell damage found in examination under a scanning electron microscope. In ad.
Application of Neural Networks for Detection of Changes in Nonlinear Systems

A nonparametric structural damage detection methodology based on nonlinear system identification approaches is presented for the health monitoring of structure-unknown systems. In its general form, the method requires no information about the topology or the nature of the physical system being monitored. The approach relies on the use of vibration measurements from a “healthy” system to train a neural network for identification purposes. Subsequently, the trained network is fed comparable vibration measurements from the same structure under different episodes of response in order to monitor the health of the structure and thereby provide a relatively sensitive indicator of changes (damage) in the underlying structure. For systems with certain topologies, the method can also furnish information about the region within which structural changes have occurred. The approach is applied to an intricate mechanical system that incorporates significant nonlinear behavior typically encountered in the applied mechani.
An optimal trading rule of a mean-reverting asset

This work provides an optimal trading rule that allows buying, selling and short selling of an asset when its price is governed by mean-reverting model. The goal is to find the buy and sell prices such that the overall return (with slippage cost imposed) is maximized. The associated HJB equations (variational inequalities) are used to characterize the value functions. This paper shows that the solution of the original optimal stopping problem can be achieved by solving four algebraic equations. Numerical examples are given for demonstration.
An acoustic and perceptual investigation of the geminate and singleton stop contrast in Japanese

Segmental durations are known to be heavily influenced by changes in speech rate such that the durations of members of two contrasting length categories may overlap [Pickett et al. ‘‘Effects of speaking rate on singleton/geminate contrast in Italian,’’ Phonetica 56, 135–157 (1999); Hirata & Whiton, ‘‘Relational acoustic invariance in the single/geminate stop distinction in Japanese,’’ J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 117, 2569 (2005)]. Given this, questions arise as to how category distinction is achieved for contrasts signaled by differences in segmental duration. This study investigates the question by examining the production and perception of the Japanese singleton versus geminate stop contrast by adult native speakers. Six native Japanese speakers produced disyllabic words with medial singleton and geminate stops at three speaking rates. Duration of stop closure and a number of relational timings between the closure duration and other segments were examined as potential rate‐independent measures distinguishing th.
Magnetic properties, microstructure, and domain structure of SmCo3.25Cu1.75

A study of the magnetic properties, microstructure, and domain structure of a cast and annealed alloy of SmCo3.25Cu1. 75 has been made with the object of relating the magnetic properties, and in particular the mechanism of magnetization reversal, to the microstructure by using the techniques of magnetometry, the Kerr magneto‐optic effect, scanning electron microscopy, and electron probe microanalysis. It has been concluded that in the cast alloy, the coercivity is principally determined by domain‐wall nucleation with subsequent weak pinning at the grain boundaries. In the annealed alloy, the coercivity is principally determined by domain‐wall pinning by the two‐phase microstructure within the grains.
3D face recognition based on a modified ICP method

3D face recognition technique has gained much more attention recently, and it is widely used in security system, identification system, and access control system, etc. The core technique in 3D face recognition is to find out the corresponding points in different 3D face images. The classic partial Iterative Closest Point (ICP) method is iteratively align the two point sets based on repetitively calculate the closest points as the corresponding points in each iteration. After several iterations, the corresponding points can be obtained accurately. However, if two 3D face images with different scale are from the same person, the classic partial ICP does not work. In this paper we propose a modified partial Iterative Closest Point (ICP) method in which the scaling effect is considered to achieve 3D face recognition. We design a 3x3 diagonal matrix as the scale matrix in each iteration of the classic partial ICP. The probing face image which is multiplied by the scale matrix will keep the similar scale with the reference face image. Therefore, we can accurately determine the corresponding points even the scales of probing image and reference image are different. 3D face images in our experiments are acquired by a 3D data acquisition system based on Digital Fringe Projection Profilometry (DFPP). A 3D database consists of 30 group images, three images with the same scale, which are from the same person with different views, are included in each group. And in different groups, the scale of the 3 images may be different from other groups. The experiment results show that our proposed method can achieve 3D face recognition, especially in the case that the scales of probing image and referent image are different.
A proposal to solve the problem of lack of concordance in the measurement of temperature when using different radiators

Pyrometer calibration is a common task in most radiometry labs. When measurements are made in a wide range of temperatures, it is necessary to use different blackbody radiators to cover the whole interval. A problem that arises with this is the lack of concordance in the signals measured by the pyrometer when taken from different radiators. In a recent publication, Fourier theory is applied to measure the temperature of inhomogeneous objects, particularly periodic objects1. Those results are used to measure the temperature of the coil filament of a reference lamp (in a range from 300 K to 3300 K, approximately), considering the filament as a periodic object, which is modeled with a simple functions arrangement. Measurement verification is also presented by comparing our calculations to the experimental data of the lamp's temperature.
Some results on the convergence of sampling series based on convolution integrals

A generalization of sampling series is introduced by considering expansions in terms of scaled translates of a basic function with coefficients given by sampled values of the convolution of a function f with a kernel of Fejer’s type. Such expressions have been used in finite element approximations, sampling theory and, more recently, in wavelet analysis. This article is concerned with the convergence of these series for functions f that exhibit some kind of local singular behavior in time or frequency domains. Pointwise convergence at discontinuity points and Gibbs phenomena are analysed. The convergence in the $H^s $-norm is also investigated. Special attention is focused on multiresolution analysis approximations and examples using the Daubechies scaling functions are presented.
On crystallite size dependence of phase stability of nanocrystalline TiO2

Stability of anatase phase component present in commercial grade nanocrystalline powder of TiO2, synthesized from gas phase, is studied. Powders are heated at elevated temperatures under ambient conditions. X-ray and electron diffractometric studies are done to measure the microstructural parameters like crystallite size and rms strain. With annealing crystallite sizes of both anatase and rutile phases show a marginal increase up to 600 °C, beyond this temperature anatase phase transforms to rutile phase and the crystallite size of rutile phase increases rapidly. Annealing at 1000 °C resulted in the growth of hexagonal shaped crystallite of rutile phase oriented parallel to (110) plane. A detailed analysis of the dislocation arrangements in these nanosized crystallites is made from the x-ray diffraction data. The results of analysis show that at higher temperatures polygonization of the dislocations with lowering of dislocation density at the grain boundary possibly favors the growth of larger sized cryst.
Exploring Methodological Approaches of Experimental Studies in the Field of Neuroarchitecture: A Systematic Review

Objectives: This systematic review aims to strengthen the relationship between architecture and neuroscience by classifying data measurement techniques in the field of neuroarchitecture with a focus on the most practical and common methodological approaches. It classifies data recording techniques in different architectural categories (e.g., interior, urban, built environment). Backgrounds: With regard to urban life developments and technological breakthroughs, studies of human interactions with environments have been expanding in recent years. Additionally, recent advances in neuroscience have allowed architects to find out more about human experiences in built environments, but there are few valid frameworks about what methodologies and instruments are more common to conduct experimental tasks in this interdisciplinary field. Methods: Twenty-eight experimental studies were selected based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses literature search extension (PRISMA) systematic review protocol and a comprehensive analysis. The task-space of selected articles was categorized into three subfields, namely, “interior design,” “urban design,” and “building design” based on environments and their stimuli. As for this context-based categorization, recording techniques and methodology were distinguished for each subfield division. Results: More than 50% of the studies were incorporated in the first two categories, and the EEG recording was the most frequently employed neuroimaging technique thanks to the technical efficacy of its setup and the high temporal resolution of its electrophysiological signals. Conclusion: In this study, a summary of techniques and methodological approaches applied in the field is provided in a nut shell, and a general framework of instruments is presented to help scholars to carry out more practical research in the future leading to designing built environments more efficiently.
Thinking about Mechanisms

The concept of mechanism is analyzed in terms of entities and activities, organized such that they are productive of regular changes. Examples show how mechanisms work in neurobiology and molecular biology. Thinking in terms of mechanisms provides a new framework for addressing many traditional philosophical issues: causality, laws, explanation, reduction, and scientific change.
Understanding others’ distal goals from proximal communicative actions

Many social interactions require individuals to coordinate their actions and to inform each other about their goals. Often these goals concern an immediate (i.e., proximal) action, as when people give each other a brief handshake, but they sometimes also refer to a future (i.e. distal) action, as when football players perform a passing sequence. The present study investigates whether observers can derive information about such distal goals by relying on kinematic modulations of an actor’s instrumental actions. In Experiment 1 participants were presented with animations of a box being moved at different velocities towards an apparent endpoint. The distal goal, however, was for the object to be moved past this endpoint, to one of two occluded target locations. Participants then selected the location which they considered the likely distal goal of the action. As predicted, participants were able to detect differences in movement velocity and, based on these differences, systematically mapped the movements to the two distal goal locations. Adding a distal goal led to more variation in the way participants mapped the observed movements onto different target locations. The results of Experiments 2 and 3 indicated that this cannot be explained by difficulties in perceptual discrimination. Rather, the increased variability likely reflects differences in interpreting the underlying connection between proximal communicative actions and distal goals. The present findings extend previous research on sensorimotor communication by demonstrating that communicative action modulations are not restricted to predicting proximal goals but can also be used to infer more distal goals.
National Cancer Institute Combination Therapy Platform Trial with Molecular Analysis for Therapy Choice (ComboMATCH)

Abstract Over the past decade, multiple trials, including the precision medicine trial National Cancer Institute-Molecular Analysis for Therapy Choice (NCI-MATCH, EAY131, NCT02465060) have sought to determine if treating cancer based on specific genomic alterations is effective, irrespective of the cancer histology. Although many therapies are now approved for the treatment of cancers harboring specific genomic alterations, most patients do not respond to therapies targeting a single alteration. Further, when antitumor responses do occur, they are often not durable due to the development of drug resistance. Therefore, there is a great need to identify rational combination therapies that may be more effective. To address this need, the NCI and National Clinical Trials Network have developed NCI-ComboMATCH, the successor to NCI-MATCH. Like the original trial, NCI-ComboMATCH is a signal-seeking study. The goal of ComboMATCH is to overcome drug resistance to single-agent therapy and/or utilize novel synergies to increase efficacy by developing genomically-directed combination therapies, supported by strong preclinical in vivo evidence. Although NCI-MATCH was mainly comprised of multiple single-arm studies, NCI-ComboMATCH tests combination therapy, evaluating both combination of targeted agents as well as combinations of targeted therapy with chemotherapy. Although NCI-MATCH was histology agnostic with selected tumor exclusions, ComboMATCH has histology-specific and histology-agnostic arms. Although NCI-MATCH consisted of single-arm studies, ComboMATCH utilizes single-arm as well as randomized designs. NCI-MATCH had a separate, parallel Pediatric MATCH trial, whereas ComboMATCH will include children within the same trial. We present rationale, scientific principles, study design, and logistics supporting the ComboMATCH study.
Longitudinal HbA1c trajectory modelling reveals the association of HbA1c and risk of hospitalization for heart failure for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background Inconsistent conclusions in past studies on the association between poor glycaemic control and the risk of hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) have been reported largely due to the analysis of non-trajectory-based HbA1c values. Trajectory analysis can incorporate the effects of HbA1c variability across time, which may better elucidate its association with macrovascular complications. Furthermore, studies analysing the relationship between HbA1c trajectories from diabetes diagnosis and the occurrence of HHF are scarce. Methods This is a prospective cohort study of the SingHealth Diabetes Registry (SDR). 17,389 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from 2013 to 2016 with clinical records extending to the end of 2019 were included in the latent class growth analysis to extract longitudinal HbA1c trajectories. Association between HbA1c trajectories and risk of first known HHF is quantified with the Cox Proportional Hazards (PH) model. Results 5 distinct HbA1c trajectories were identified as 1. low stable (36.1%), 2. elevated stable (40.4%), 3. high decreasing (3.5%), 4. high with a sharp decline (10.8%), and 5. moderate decreasing (9.2%) over the study period of 7 years. Poorly controlled HbA1c trajectories (Classes 3, 4, and 5) are associated with a higher risk of HHF. Using the diabetes diagnosis time instead of a commonly used pre-defined study start time or time from recruitment has an impact on HbA1c clustering results. Conclusions Findings suggest that tracking the evolution of HbA1c with time has its importance in assessing the HHF risk of T2DM patients, and T2DM diagnosis time as a baseline is strongly recommended in HbA1c trajectory modelling. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to identify an association between HbA1c trajectories and HHF occurrence from diabetes diagnosis time.
A two‐dimensional finite volume morphodynamic model on unstructured triangular grids

We discuss the application of a finite volume method to morphodynamic models on unstructured triangular meshes. The model is based on coupling the shallow water equations for the hydrodynamics with a sediment transport equation for the morphodynamics. The finite volume method is formulated for the quasi‐steady approach and the coupled approach. In the first approach, the steady hydrodynamic state is calculated first and the corresponding water velocity is used in the sediment transport equation to be solved subsequently. The second approach solves the coupled hydrodynamics and sediment transport system within the same time step. The gradient fluxes are discretized using a modified Roe's scheme incorporating the sign of the Jacobian matrix in the morphodynamic system. A well‐balanced discretization is used for the treatment of source terms. We also describe an adaptive procedure in the finite volume method by monitoring the bed–load in the computational domain during its transport process. The method uses unstructured meshes, incorporates upwinded numerical fluxes and slope limiters to provide sharp resolution of steep bed gradients that may form in the approximate solution. Numerical results are shown for a test problem in the evolution of an initially hump‐shaped bed in a squared channel. For the considered morphodynamical regimes, the obtained results point out that the coupled approach performs better than the quasi‐steady approach only when the bed–load rapidly interacts with the hydrodynamics. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efficacy of Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) may enhance the efficacy of treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT); however, it remains unclear. We aim to evaluate the efficacy of TACE combined with TKIs. Methods: A thorough literature search was performed on major databases since their inception until October 2022. Based on the eligibility criteria, eight studies (2103 patients) were included. Results: Meta-analysis showed that TACE+sorafenib/apatinib had a better tumor response (objective response rate (ORR): RR = 4.85, 95% CI 2.68–8.75, disease control rate (DCR): RR = 3.23, 95% CI 1.88–5.56), and prolonged OS (HR = 0.50, 95%CI 0.42–0.60, p < 0.00001) than TACE alone. TACE+lenvatinib was stronger than TACE+sorafenib in ORR (60.7% vs. 38.9%) and TTP (HR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.43–0.86), whereas it was similar in DCR (96.4% vs. 96.3%) and OS (HR = 0.70 95% CI 0.46–1.05). Conclusions: TACE plus sorafenib or apatinib was superior to TACE alone for hepatocellular carcinoma with PVTT; no significant advantage was found between TACE+lenvatinib and TACE+sorafenib, although TACE+lenvatinib performed better in terms of ORR and TTP.
Synchronization of Uncertain Fractional-Order Hyperchaotic Systems via Unidirectional Linear Error Feedback Coupling Scheme

A simple method for synchronization of uncertain fractional-order hyperchaotic systems is proposed in this paper. The method makes use of a unidirectional linear coupling approach due to its simple configuration and ease of implementation. To determine the coupling parameters, the synchronization error dynamics is first formulated as a fractional-order linear interval system. Then, the parameters are obtained by solving a linear matrix inequality (LMI) stability condition for stabilization of fractional-order linear interval systems. Thanks to the existence of an LMI solution, the convergence of the synchronization errors is guaranteed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is numerically illustrated by the uncertain fractional-order hyperchaotic Lorenz system.