Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Alternative protein sources as a replacement of fish meal in the diet of Oreochromis niloticus: A review

The farming of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) has conquered the significant popularity in tropical and subtropical regions, primarily due to its remarkable faster growth rate. The growth performance of the species makes it an attractive choice for many fish farmers. Additionally, Tilapia exhibits a commendable resilience to disease, further enhancing its appeal as a farming option. Furthermore, the low trophic feeding levels of Tilapia contribute to its desirability, making it an efficient and sustainable choice for nutrition-conscious individuals. Due to the increasing prevalence of aquaculture production, there has been a significant surge in the demand for fishmeal. This particular protein source has relished the widespread popularity for many years and its demand has now more than doubled. The current growth rate of the aquaculture industry is outpacing the available fishmeal supplies, which are insufficient to meet the demand. According to scientific studies, it has been found that fishmeal can be effectively replaced with alternative sources without compromising the overall performance of the fish. This article presents a compelling case for the practicality of replacing fishmeal with alternative protein sources in the diet of Tilapia. These alternatives include terrestrial animal by-products, oilseed plants, single-cell proteins, and protein-rich plant derivatives. In order to mitigate the environmental impact of the fishmeal industry, it is crucial to implement measures that can effectively address this concern. Moreover, it is crucial to highlight the significance of these sources from a nutritional perspective. The blood meal, meat and bone meal are highly beneficial options for incorporating essential amino acids and protein into the diet of Tilapia. These alternatives offer a rich source of nutrients that can effectively replace fishmeal. The minerals instead of amino acids could improve plant protein performance. Due to inconsistent findings, aquatic plants and single-cell proteins in Tilapia meals should be carefully considered. Fishmeal replacers need biological and economic analyses. Long-term evaluations should be done in practical culture systems rather than labs. In conclusion, it is imperative for Tilapia producers to contemplate the utilization of alternative dietary sources, as extensive research has demonstrated the scientific feasibility of substituting the fishmeal in the diet of Tilapia.
A BiLSTM–Transformer and 2D CNN Architecture for Emotion Recognition from Speech

The significance of emotion recognition technology is continuing to grow, and research in this field enables artificial intelligence to accurately understand and react to human emotions. This study aims to enhance the efficacy of emotion recognition from speech by using dimensionality reduction algorithms for visualization, effectively outlining emotion-specific audio features. As a model for emotion recognition, we propose a new model architecture that combines the bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM)–Transformer and a 2D convolutional neural network (CNN). The BiLSTM–Transformer processes audio features to capture the sequence of speech patterns, while the 2D CNN handles Mel-Spectrograms to capture the spatial details of audio. To validate the proficiency of the model, the 10-fold cross-validation method is used. The methodology proposed in this study was applied to Emo-DB and RAVDESS, two major emotion recognition from speech databases, and achieved high unweighted accuracy rates of 95.65% and 80.19%, respectively. These results indicate that the use of the proposed transformer-based deep learning model with appropriate feature selection can enhance performance in emotion recognition from speech.
Decelerating aging process with physical activity - a review

Introduction: The process of aging is a progressive, patterned, and accumulative set of time-related changes resulting from a mix of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors, that are constantly evolving, and that lead the human body to be more prone to defects and susceptible to disease, and at last to death. On the molecular level, the accumulation of free radical reactions that constantly go on in every cell and tissue is thought to be the main culprit behind the process of aging [1]. These reactions amassed over time, hamper immune responses to external factors, cause homeostatic imbalance and lead to chronic pro-inflammatory status in body cells. This process has been dubbed “inflammaging” [2]. Physical activity, along with a balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle as a whole, has long been thought to be crucial in retaining health and good quality of life. Aim of the study: A review of current knowledge about the process of aging, a summary of underlying pathologies, and current preventive protocols, with a focus on physical activity as a preventative measure in combating illness and age-related pathologies.Methods and materials: A review of chosen literature in the PubMed database, MDPI database, and GoogleScholar was conducted using the following keywords: “aging pathophysiology”, “physical exercise in the aging process”, “aging process underlying conditions”, “molecular biology of aging”, “cell lifespan”, “cell longevity”. Results and conclusions: Physical activity helps decelerate the process of aging, both physical and cognitive, through various pathways in the human body.
The Vertical Profile of Radar Reflectivity of Convective Cells: A Strong Indicator of Storm Intensity and Lightning Probability?

Abstract Reflectivity data from Doppler radars are used to construct vertical profiles of radar reflectivity (VPRR) of convective cells in mesoscale convective systems (MCSS) in three different environmental regimes. The National Center for Atmospheric Research CP-3 and CP-4 radars are used to calculate median VPRR for MCSs in the Oklahoma-Kansas Preliminary Regional Experiment for STORM-Central in 1985. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration-Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere radar in Darwin, Australia, is used to calculate VPRR for MCSs observed both in oceanic, monsoon regimes and in continental, break period regimes during the wet seasons of 1987/88 and 1988/89. The midlatitude and tropical continental VPRRs both exhibit maximum reflectivity somewhat above the surface and have a gradual decrease in reflectivity with height above the freezing level. In sharp contrast, the tropical oceanic profile has a maximum reflectivity at the lowest level and a very rapid decrease in reflectivity with he.
Conceptualization in catchment modelling: simply learning?

1 Macaulay Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, UK 2 Centre for Sustainable Water Management, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK 3 University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada 4 School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK 5 Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden 6 Civil Engineering and Geosciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK 7 University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany 8 School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK 9 University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
Usability and User Experience on Secondhand Fashion Digital Platforms: A Comparative Study

With the fashion industry's negative impact already widely acknowledged, we've seen new ways of consuming and investing in the circular economy system. After establishing the importance of new technologies in today's fashion consumption, the spotlight is now on the role of e-commerce in the advent of circularity. This article presents a comparative analysis on four second-hand fashion e-commerce websites available in Portugal, with the goal of understanding the importance of usability and user experience for e-business and identifying the best and worst interaction design practices. With implications for academia as well as the fashion and communication industries, this study demonstrates that the analyzed platforms do not have structural issues, becoming examples to be considered for their good performance – which may be the cause for increased interest in the circular economy – and exposing guidelines for future research.
A Compact Polarization-Insensitive Rectenna With Harmonic Suppression for Wireless Power Transfer

A compact, polarization-insensitive rectenna based on metasurface (MS) is designed at a frequency of 5.8 GHz. The proposed MS element consists of a subwavelength octagonal metal ring, offering insensitivity to the polarization of incoming waves. This design effectively addresses the polarization mismatch problem encountered in wireless power transfer (WPT) systems. To further enhance performance, a meandered groove is introduced into the octagonal metal ring, effectively suppressing the generated second harmonic from the rectifier diode and eliminating the need for a low-pass filter module within the rectifier circuit. To demonstrate the concept, a prototype of a rectenna is fabricated and measured. Experimental measurements reveal that the conversion efficiency of the rectenna fluctuates within 10% under different polarization angles and has the characteristic of polarization insensitivity. The maximum conversion efficiency measured reaches 66% under a 500 Ω load. Compared with the MS rectenna without harmonic suppression, the conversion efficiency of the rectifier is improved by 1%–4%. These findings indicate that the proposed rectenna is suitable for various polarization scenarios, offering a promising solution for achieving efficient WPT.
Prematurity and Low Birth Weight and Their Impact on Childhood Growth Patterns and the Risk of Long-Term Cardiovascular Sequelae

Preterm birth (before 37 completed weeks of gestation) is a global health problem, remaining the main reason for neonatal mortality and morbidity. Improvements in perinatal and neonatal care in recent decades have been associated with a higher survival rate of extremely preterm infants, leading to a higher risk of long-term sequelae in this population throughout life. Numerous surveillance programs for formerly premature infants continue to focus on neurodevelopmental disorders, while long-term assessment of the impact of preterm birth and low birth weight on child growth and the associated risk of cardiovascular disease in young adults is equally necessary. This review will discuss the influence of prematurity and low birth weight on childhood growth and cardiovascular risk in children, adolescents and young adults. The risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders is increased in adult preterm survivors. In early childhood, preterm infants may show elevated blood pressure, weakened vascular growth, augmented peripheral vascular resistance and cardiomyocyte remodeling. Increased weight gain during the early postnatal period may influence later body composition, promote obesity and impair cardiovascular results. These adverse metabolic alterations contribute to an increased risk of cardiovascular incidents, adult hypertension and diabetes. Preterm-born children and those with fetal growth restriction (FGR) who demonstrate rapid changes in their weight percentile should remain under surveillance with blood pressure monitoring. A better understanding of lifelong health outcomes of preterm-born individuals is crucial for developing strategies to prevent cardiovascular sequelae and may be the basis for future research to provide effective interventions.
Are there incentives to integrate to land and water management across northern Australia

The aim of this work is to understand what incentives exist to encourage integration in land and water management across northern Australia. Integration is seen as important in improving planning and management of resources in the context of climate change and development pressure. The north Australian region is made up of three jurisdictions, the two states of Queensland and Western Australia, and the Northern Territory. It is a sparsely populated region, with over a quarter of the Australian estate and only 2% of the nation’s population. However, the region makes a significant contribution to national exports and is recognized for its ecological values, and its prominent Indigenous population who have customary rights to land and water. The region produces over half the nation’s annual runoff during the wet season.Increasingly there is a focus on northern Australia as the next frontier for irrigation development. A report by the North Australian Land and Water Taskforce in 2009 suggested irrigation could expand by up to 200% in the region, though in a form that is distinct from southern Australia given soil, hydrological and biophysical characteristics of the region. Population is increasing and climate change projections point to increased temperatures and evapotranspiration, as well as more intense rainfall and cyclonic events, and in coastal areas storm surges and erosion, while in inland areas there is predicted greater incidence of drought and bushfire (CSIRO, BOM and BRS 2010a, b). The linear and non linear forces that may shape northern Australia’s landscape highlight the need for integrated land and water management as a tool for adaptation. Integration can improve the coordination of government adaptation programs, as well as efforts between government and non government actors (vertical integration), and encourage coordination between sectors (horizontal integration).
Seasonal climatic effects on the hydrology of a rain garden

This paper evaluates the performance and winter hydrology of two small‐scale rain gardens in a cold climate coastal area in Trondheim, Norway. One rain garden received runoff from a small residential watershed over a 20 month study period while the second rain garden with a shorter study period of 7 months was used as a control. The objective of the study was to investigate the extent to which cold climatic conditions would influence the hydrology and performance of the rain gardens. The hydraulic detention, storm lag time and peak flow reduction were measured and compared seasonally. No significant difference between seasonal lag time could be found, but there was a clear decreasing trend in lag time between rain, rain‐on‐snow and snowmelt. The average peak flow reduction for 44 storms in the study period was 42% compared to 27% for the winter seasons, indicating that the performance of the rain garden is reduced in the cold season (below 0 °C). The average hydraulic detention time for the rain garden was 0·84 ( ± 0·73) with runoff inflow and 1·91 ( ± 3·1) with only precipitation. A strong positive correlation was found between the time since the last wetting event and lag time, and between air temperature and hydraulic detention. This indicates that the time between events and seasonal air temperatures are key parameters in the hydraulic performance of cold climate rain gardens. The rain gardens were not used for snow storage areas, and a volume requirement for this was not evaluated in the study. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new driving mechanism for backarc extension and backarc shortening through slab sinking induced toroidal and poloidal mantle flow: Results from dynamic subduction models with an overriding plate

We present numerical subduction models to investigate overriding plate deformation at subduction zones. All models show forearc shortening, resulting predominantly from shear stresses at the subduction zone interface and opposite‐sense mantle shear stresses at the base of the forearc lithosphere. Models dominated by backarc extension show that it results from trench‐normal positive velocity gradients in the mantle below the overriding plate. Such gradients result from toroidal mantle flow induced by slab rollback, with velocities below the leading part of the backarc faster than the overriding plate velocity. The velocity gradients induce basal shear stresses that increase trenchward and cause trenchward overriding plate motion at a velocity (vOP⊥) whose spatial average is below the trench retreat velocity (vT⊥). The combination of basal shear stresses and average vOP⊥ < vT⊥ causes trench‐normal deviatoric tension in the backarc and backarc extension. Models dominated by backarc shortening show that it results from a relatively immobile subduction hinge and trenchward overriding plate motion driven by poloidal mantle flow. The poloidal mantle flow is induced by downdip slab sinking and causes the average vOP⊥ > vT⊥. This results in trench‐normal deviatoric compression and shortening in the leading part of the overriding plate as it collides with the subduction hinge. Ultimately, the geodynamic models demonstrate that backarc extension is favored for narrow slabs and near lateral slab edges and is driven by rollback induced toroidal mantle flow, while backarc shortening is favored for the center of wide slabs and is driven by poloidal mantle flow resulting from downdip slab motion.
Shifting Baselines: The Past and the Future of Ocean Fisheries

In 2001 marine ecologist, Jeremy B. C. Jackson, and an interdisciplinary group of ecologists, biologists, archaeologists, and historians co-authored a landmark paper in Science focused on marine historical ecology (Jackson et al. 2001). The outgrowth of an interdisciplinary working group to explore the shifting baselines syndrome, Discover Magazine deemed the paper the most important science article of the year. Jackson and colleagues argued that humans have had a significant impact on marine fisheries and ecosystems for hundreds to thousands of years.Whileecological surveydatawillnever be available to assess these impacts, there are many sources of nontraditional historical datasuchasarchaeological shellmounds,historic documents, journals and charts, and paleoecological records. Jackson, Alexander, and Sala’s new edited volume ushers in the next phase of this working group and includes some of the same scholars from a
Study on Left Atrial Function in Patients with Early Left Ventricular Remodeling in Essential Hypertension Based on Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Technology

Objective: To use two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) to analyze the functional changes of the left atrium before hypertrophic changes in the left ventricular configuration in the early stage of hypertension and to explore the clinical value of this technology in evaluating the changes of left atrial characteristics in patients with hypertension. Methods: 70 cases of patients with essential hypertension who met the requirements of this study after clinical diagnosis and routine ultrasound examination were recruited and divided into two groups according to the Ganan method: 38 cases in the left ventricular standard remodeling group, 32 cases in the left ventricular concentric remodeling group, and 40 healthy people with matched age and sex were randomly selected as the control group. The mean peak strains and strain rates of the left atrial systole, early diastole, and late diastole of each group were obtained using 2D-STI. The above parameters and indicators were used for comparative analysis. Results: Compared with the healthy control group, the values of peak strains and strain rates during early diastole were statistically different in both remodeling groups; compared with the standard remodeling group, the values of peak strains and strain rates in all periods were significantly different in the concentric remodeling group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: 2D-STI can be more sensitive and convenient to reflect the characteristic changes of left atrial myocardium in patients with early essential hypertension.
Quasi-Static Transient Response of a Conducting Permeable Sphere

When a conducting body is immersed in a time‐varying magnetic field, eddy currents are induced. These, in turn, produce a secondary magnetic field which may be detected by an observer external to the sphere. It has been demonstrated that a measurement of the external field can be used to estimate the conductivity of the body if certain assumptions are valid. For example, Ward (1953) has shown that the conductivity and permeability of geological core specimens from diamond drill holes may be determined by examining the frequency dependence of the time‐harmonic response of the specimen. In principle, the same information should also be available from the time response of the specimen for a suddenly applied magnetic field (Wait, 1951). In this paper, we wish to discuss the transient solution when a homogeneous conducting sphere is under the influence of a transient magnetic field. Also, as suggested earlier by Wait (1951), the actual time‐domain electromagnetic response of a massive sulfide body should exhib.
Variability of Antarctic Sea Ice 1979-1998

[1] The principal characteristics of the variability of Antarctic sea ice cover as previously described from satellite passive microwave observations are also evident in a systematically calibrated and analyzed data set for 20.2 years (1979–1998). The total Antarctic sea ice extent (concentration >15%) increased by 11,180 ± 4190 km2 yr−1 (0.98 ± 0.37% (decade)−1). The increase in the area of sea ice within the extent boundary is similar (10,860 ± 3720 km2 yr−1 and 1.26 ± 0.43% (decade)−1). Regionally, the trends in extent are positive in the Weddel Sea (1.4 ± 0.9% (decade)−1), Pacific Ocean (2.0 ± 1.4% (decade)−1), and Ross (6.7 ± 1.1% (decade)−1) sectors, slightly negative in the Indian Ocean (−1.0 ± 1.0% (decade)−1), and strongly negative in the Bellingshausen-Amundsen Seas sector (−9.7 ± 1.5% (decade)−1)). For the entire ice pack, ice increases occur in all seasons, with the largest increase during fall. On a regional basis the trends differ season to season. During summer and fall the trends are positive or near zero in all sectors except the Bellingshausen-Amundsen Seas sector. During winter and spring the trends are negative or near zero in all sectors except the Ross Sea, which has positive trends in all seasons. Components of interannual variability with periods of about 3–5 years are regionally large but tend to counterbalance each other in the total ice pack. The interannual variability of the annual mean sea ice extent is only 1.6% overall, compared to 6–9% in each of five regional sectors. Analysis of the relation between regional sea ice extents and spatially averaged surface temperatures over the ice pack gives an overall sensitivity between winter ice cover and temperature of −0.7% change in sea ice extent per degree Kelvin. For summer some regional ice extents vary positively with temperature, and others vary negatively. The observed increase in Antarctic sea ice cover is counter to the observed decreases in the Arctic. It is also qualitatively consistent with the counterintuitive prediction of a global atmospheric-ocean model of increasing sea ice around Antarctica with climate warming due to the stabilizing effects of increased snowfall on the Southern Ocean.
Melt segregation in the continental crust: distribution and movement of melt in anatectic rocks

The grain‐ and outcrop‐scale distribution of melt has been mapped in anatectic rocks from regional and contact metamorphic environments and used to infer melt movement paths. At the grain scale, anatectic melt is pervasively distributed in the grain boundaries and in small pools; consequently, most melt is located parallel to the principal fabric in the rock, typically a foliation. Short, branched arrays of linked, melt‐bearing grain boundaries connect melt‐depleted parts of the matrix to diffuse zones of melt accumulation (protoleucosomes), where magmatic flow and alignment of euhedral crystals grown from the melt developed.