Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessing Horton and Kostiakov models focused on estimating soil water infiltration

Water infiltration into the soil plays key role in proper soil and water conservation and management processes. The aim of the current study is to assess water behavior in soil infiltration processes by using the Horton and Kostiakov models. Double-ring infiltrometer method was used to determine water infiltration into the soil. In addition, soil samples were collected at depths of 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm, to determine soil moisture. Cumulative infiltration (IA) and instantaneous infiltration rates per time interval (TiR) were calculated. Equations describing the investigated phenomena were adjusted, according to the Horton and Kostiakov models. High water infiltration rate was observed at the beginning of the process, likely due to low moisture level at the top soil layer. Both models tend to underestimate the initial infiltration rate value. However, the Horton model tends to overestimate most of the instantaneous infiltration values up to 25 minutes. The Kostiakov model, on the other hand, tends to overestimate most of the instantaneous infiltration rate values after 80 minutes. Despite the large fluctuation observed in TiR values in the soil, the assessed models have satisfactorily described the infiltration behavior at the experimental site. Based on the heat map analysis, the Kostiakov model was the one capable of determining the infiltration values closest to actual one.
Phosphorus acquisition processes in the field: study of faba bean cultivated on calcareous soils in Algeria

ABSTRACT Little is known about the occurrence of phosphorus (P) acquisition processes in the field, especially for faba bean (Vicia faba L.) in calcareous soils. We sampled soil, rhizosphere and plant materials in 12 calcareous field sites in Algeria and performed physicochemical analysis during two growing seasons. Both proton exudation and root exploration increased in P-deficient soils as compared to P-sufficient soils. Inhibition of nitrogen (N) fixation and rhizosphere alkalization were observed in N-rich soils. We also found that calcium (Ca) concentrations in both shoots and roots significantly increased with P-deficiency. The same trend, although less significant, was observed with respect to Ca uptake. These field observations suggested that acidifying roots acquired P from dissolving Ca-P minerals. The concomitant increase of the ratio Ca/P uptake should further enhance their dissolution. Other rhizosphere processes such as the mineralization of organic P should control P acquisition as alkalization occurred in the root zone in response to the inhibition of N fixation. In conclusion, P-acquisition processes in the field were consistent with previous findings made at the laboratory. In addition, the variety of faba bean cultivated by local farmers appeared relatively well adapted to field conditions thanks to the deployment of rhizosphere processes.
Neural Correlates of Positive Outcome Expectancy for Aggression: Evidence from Voxel-Based Morphometry and Resting-State Functional Connectivity Analysis

Positive outcome expectancy is a crucial cognitive factor influencing aggression, yet its neural basis remains unclear. Therefore, the present study combined voxel-based morphometry (VBM) with a resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) analysis to investigate the brain correlates of positive outcome expectancy in aggression in young people. In the VBM analysis, multiple linear regression was conducted to explore the relationship between individual differences in aggressive positive outcome expectancy and regional gray matter volume (GMV) among 325 undergraduate students. For the RSFC analysis, seed regions were selected based on the results of the VBM analysis. Subsequently, multiple linear regression was employed to examine whether a significant correlation existed between individual differences in aggressive positive outcome expectancy and the RSFC of seed regions with other brain regions in 304 undergraduate students. The findings indicated that aggressive positive outcome expectancy was positively correlated with GMV in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), right temporoparietal junction (TPJ), and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC). Moreover, it was also positively associated with RSFC between the PCC and the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The prediction analysis indicated robust relationships between aggressive positive outcome expectancy and the GMV in the PCC, right TPJ, as well as the RSFC between the PCC and the left DLPFC. Our research provides the initial evidence for the neural basis of positive outcome expectancy in aggression, suggesting the potential role of the PCC as a hub in its neural network.
Prevalence and Diversity of Antibiotic Resistance Heterotrophic Bacteria Found Along the Bintulu Rivers, Sarawak

The study aims (1) to isolate and characterise the heterotrophic bacteria from different rivers in Bintulu, Sarawak, (2) to investigate the hygienic condition of the rivers through faecal coliforms and (3) to determine the antibiotic resistance among the heterotrophic bacteria isolates. A total of 100 heterotrophic bacteria strains were identified from rivers of Bintulu, Sarawak. The characterisation of bacteria was performed using (GTG)5 fingerprinting to investigate their genetic distribution diversity and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Microbiological variables tested including total viable count, coliform count, Escherichia coli confirmation test. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed against 10 antibiotics. Sample collected from Sungai Teknik showed higher mean bacterial population size (log 4.48 ± 0.00 CFU/mL). Sungai Sibiu, Waterfront and Sungai Plan revealed the highest most probable number (MPN) index (>1,600 per mL). Each dendrogram showed 3 to 7 clusters of bacteria groups confirmed as Enterobacter spp. (40%), Acinetobacter spp. (13%), Bacillus spp. (13%), Klebsiella spp. (13%), Staphylococcus spp. (7%), Chromobacterium spp. (7%) and Citrobacter spp. (7%). All the heterotrophic bacteria isolated showed high resistance against ciprofloxacin (63.70 ± 33.40%), piperacillin (58.10 ± 31.37%), aztreonam (48.40 ± 30.95%) and more susceptible to tetracycline (3.30 ± 10.44%). Our findings highlight the multiple antibiotics resistance and microbiological analysis of heterotrophic bacteria found in polluted river water. The preservation of the river water is vital as hydrologic purposes, sustain the microbial composition, ecological integrity of the river.
On compressed zero divisor graphs associated to the ring of integers modulo $n$

Let $R$ be a commutative ring with unity $1\ne 0$. In this paper, we completely describe the vertex and the edge chromatic number of the compressed zero divisor graph of the ring of integers modulo $n$. We find the clique number of the compressed zero divisor graph $\Gamma_E(\mathbb Z_n)$ of $\mathbb Z_n$ and show that $\Gamma_E(\mathbb Z_n)$ is weakly perfect. We also show that the edge chromatic number of $\Gamma_E(\mathbb Z_n)$ is equal to the largest degree proving that $\Gamma_E(\mathbb Z_n)$ resides in class 1 family of graphs.
Development of an Optimum Water Vapor Product for Land SurfaceTemperature Retrieval from MTSAT data

In order to retrieve land surface temperature (LST) from satellite remote sensing data accurately, the information of atmospheric condition for atmospheric correction, especially atmospheric water vapor content, is absolutely imperative. When hourly LST is retrieved from Multi-functional Transport Satellite (MTSAT) data, the hourly atmospheric water vapor products and those which covers the area correspond with the MTSAT observation area are needed. In this study, we developed an optimum water vapor product for LST retrieval from MTSAT data. We assessed the accuracy of water vapor products, which are obtained from MTSAT IR data and reanalysis data, and that of LST retrieved from MTSAT data using each water vapor product for atmospheric correction. It was revealed that the reanalysis PW product is better for LST retrieval from MTSAT data, but the accuracy of the PW is reduced in the high altitudes due to the low spatial resolution of the reanalysis products. Therefore, we proposed the method for improving the accuracy of the reanalysis PW product with refinement using both digital elevation model and reanalysis products at each pressure level. The RMSE of LST retrieved from MTSAT data with the refined reanalysis PW product was less than 2.0 K and the spatial distribution of LST can be figured out in more detail using it.
Epidemiological Features of Postpartum Subclinical Ketosis in Dairy Herds in Hokkaido, Japan

Simple Summary The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of subclinical ketosis (SCK) in Hokkaido, Japan, and to assess its characteristics epidemiologically at the individual and herd levels. Blood samples were taken from clinically healthy cows once within 3–88 days in milk (DIM) for blood tests. Cows with SCK were classified as SCK II within 2 weeks postpartum and SCK I from 15 DIM. The prevalence of SCK II (20.2%) tended to be higher than that of SCK I (16.5%, p = 0.094). The prevalence peaked around 2 weeks postpartum. The frequency of SCK I was higher at the fourth parity. The number of milking cows in herds with higher SCK (≥25%) was significantly smaller than in herds with lower SCK (p = 0.004). The frequency of herds with higher SCK in tie stalls with component feeding was higher than for those in free stalls and free barns fed a total mixed ration (p = 0.054 and p = 0.002). This study reveals the prevalence of SCK in Hokkaido, Japan, and shows that SCK is associated with parity and the management system. Abstract This study was carried out as an observational study in order to determine the prevalence of postpartum subclinical ketosis (SCK) in dairy herds in Hokkaido, Japan. From April 2012 to March 2014, blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentration was measured once within 3–88 days in milk (DIM) in 1394 apparently healthy cows from 108 farms to diagnose SCK (≥1.2 mM). In cows within 14 DIM, this was classified as SCK II, and from 15 DIM, this was classified as SCK I. Herds with a combined percentage of SCK I and SCK II of less than 10% were classified as SCK-negative herds, those with percentages of 10–25%, were classified as alert herds, and those with one of 25% or more, we classified as positive herds. The prevalence of SCK in the entire DIM was 17.6%. The prevalence of SCK II (20.2%) tended to occur more frequently than SCK I (16.5%, p = 0.094). The frequency of SCK I was higher at the fourth parity. The number of milking cows in SCK-positive herds was significantly smaller than those of the other two types of herds (p = 0.004). The frequency of SCK-positive herds in tie stalls and with component feeding was higher than for free stall or free barn and with total mixed ration (p = 0.054 and p = 0.002). This study reveals the prevalence of SCK in Hokkaido, Japan, and shows that SCK is associated with parity and the management system.
The Role of Social Media Adoption and Its Impact on the Business Performance of Craftsmen in Tulung Agung

This study employs a quantitative survey-based method to explore the adoption of social media by woodcraft businesses in Tulung Agung. With a population of 125 business owners, a sample of 100 respondents were selected using purposive sampling techniques. The survey was conducted through an online questionnaire, and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) through the smart PLS 3 application. The results indicate that relative benefits and cost-effectiveness do not significantly impact social media adoption. However, compatibility has proven to have a positive and significant influence. Furthermore, social media adoption significantly and positively affects the performance of woodcraft business owners. In conclusion, compatibility plays a crucial role in social media adoption, which, in turn, positively impacts the business performance of woodcraft entrepreneurs. Implementing marketing strategies and interactions through social media can be an effective step to enhance competitiveness and success for micro and small businesses in this sector.
SEROPREVALENCIA DE LEPTOSPIROSIS BOVINA EN EL CHACO CENTRAL, DEPARTAMENTO DE BOQUERON, PARAGUAY

ABSTRACT. At Fernheim, Neuland and Menno Colonies, Central Chaco, Boqueron department, Paraguay, 31 cattle ranches were selected, representative of the population, 415 blood samples obtained randomly, in order to determine leptospirosis seroprevalence. Both sexes and older than two years animals were included. No cows at 30 days from preor postpartum were sampled, neither those vaccinated cattle up to 3 months prior to sampling. Blood serum samples were processed by the standarized microscopic seroagglutination test including 11 serovars of Leptospira interrogans, considering positive from 1:100 titers. 190 samples were positive (45.78%) to one or more serovars, of which the most frequent were wolffi (77.41%) and hardjo (22.59%); not having micro agglutination reaction to the serovars: icterohaemorrhagiae, borincana, canicola, ballum, pyrogenes, pomona, bratislava, tarassovi and moskva. Simultaneous positives results showed reaction to wolffi and hardjo serovars in 49 samples (25.8%). This investigation concluded that leptospirosis is widespread in Central Chaco cattle, recommending implementation of disease prevention measures.
3D Numerical Modeling of the Alaska and Central America Subduction Zones: Implications for Plate-Mantle Decoupling

Plate-Mantle Decoupling in Subduction Zones. Away from subduction zones, the surface motion of oceanic plates is well correlated with mantle flow direction, as inferred from seismic anisotropy (Conrad et al., 2007). However, this correlation breaks down in subduction zones where shear wave splitting studies suggest the mantle flow direction, both in the mantle wedge and beneath the slab, is spatially variable and commonly non-parallel to plate motions (Long and Silver , 2008). This implies local decoupling of the lithosphere from the mantle, yet the magnitude of this decoupling is poorly constrained.
Incorporating Climate Sensitivity for Southern Pine Species into the Forest Vegetation Simulator

Growing concerns over the possible effects of greenhouse-gas-related global warming on North American forests have led to increasing calls to address climate change effects on forest vegetation in management and planning applications. The objectives of this project are to model contemporary conditions of soils and climate associated with the presence or absence and abundance of five southern pine species: shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata Mill.), slash pine (P. elliottii Engelm.), longleaf pine (P. palustris Mill.), pond pine (P. serótina Michx.), and loblolly pine (P. taeda L.). Classification and regression based Random Forest models were developed for presence-absence and abundance data, respectively. Model and diagnostics such as receiver operating curves (ROC) and variable importance plots were examined to assess model performance. Presence-absence classification models had out-of-bag error rates ranging from 6.32% to 16.06%, and areas under ROC curves ranging from 0.92-0.98. Regression models explained between 13.76% and 43.31% of variation in abundance values. Using the models based on contemporary data, predictions were made for the future years 2030, 2060, and 2090 using four different greenhouse gas emissions scenarios and three different general circulation models. Maps of future climate scenarios showed a range of potential changes in the geographic extent of the conditions consistent with current presence observations. Results of this work will be incorporated into eastern U.S. variants of the Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS) model, similar to work that has been done for FVS variants in the West.
Analysis of Modeling, Training, and Dimension Reduction Approaches for Target Detection in Hyperspectral Imagery

To my parents: only with their absolute, unqualified love and support have I achieved anything worthwhile. And to my sister: she may never know how much she means to me and how much I look up to her. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I owe a debt of gratitude to my advisor for his guidance and trust. Professor Russ Mersereau is as true a gentleman and scholar as I will ever meet. He gave me the freedom to pursue my research, degree, and career plans while consistently sharing his sage advice. The other members of my thesis committee also became friends and mentors during my time at Georgia Tech. Professors Jim McClellan and John Copeland are consummate professionals, and embody everything that makes Tech's School of ECE both spectacularly brilliant and well-grounded. Just being around the likes of them and Ron Schafer made me a better person; never before have I met four individuals (including Russ) who " walk softly and carry a big stick " , intellectually speaking. Aaron Lanterman brought his high energy level to CSIP about the same time I arrived on the scene. He is a young professor who is leaving his mark both in and out of the classroom. Thanks, too, to Professor Derek Cunnold for serving on my committee. Professor Bruno Frazier deserves special recognition. He was the first person I knew on campus and gave me a warm introduction to the Institute as well as Atlanta in general. Funding support from the Army Research Office is also greatly appreciated. There were a handful of others outside of Georgia Tech who had a significant impact on my research and career development. MIT Lincoln Laboratory are at the top of this list. They, along with others at MIT/LL such as Eric Crosson, gave me an opportunity to develop my expertise and grow professionally in one of the world's finest research organizations. Thanks also to friends in the Publications Group at MIT/LL, for their permission to use figures 2, 17, 18, and 20. The staff at CSIP have been nothing short of courteous and helpful, and I would like to thank each of them for their hard work – especially Christy Ellis, Keith May, and Kay iv Gilstrap. I assert that grad school is much more like a job than most people realize; it's really not like undergraduate study at all. However, I was fortunate to meet and develop …
Caatinga bats in the Mammal Collection of the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco

The Caatinga is the only biome fully comprised in the Brazilian territory, located in the northeastern region of the country. The purpose of this work is to report the bat specimens from Caatinga localities currently housed in the Mammal Collection of the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, a regional collection with important records. A total of 256 specimens were examined, from 40 localities and seven families. Families present in the collection are Phyllostomidae (18 species), Molossidae (6 species), Vespertiolinidae (three species), Noctilionidae (two species), and Emballonuridae, Furipteridae and Mormoopidae, all with one species. The majority of records were from the Caatinga of Pernambuco, including several new municipality records and some species reported for the first time for the state of Pernambuco or neighbouring states. However, the localities sampled represent only 14% ca. of the existing municipalities in the Caatinga of Pernambuco, and in only three of these more than 10 species have been recorded. This shows the scarcity of Caatinga bat records in the main mammal collection of the state, strengthening the importance of further and thorough inventories. Keywords: Caatinga, Chiroptera, Brazil.
A Plasmid-Borne Gene Cluster Flanked by Two Restriction-Modification Systems Enables an Arctic Strain of Psychrobacter sp. to Decompose SDS

The cold-adapted Psychrobacter sp. strain DAB_AL62B, isolated from ornithogenic deposits on the Arctic island of Spitsbergen, harbors a 34.5 kb plasmid, pP62BP1, which carries a genetic SLF module predicted to enable the host bacterium to metabolize alkyl sulfates including sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), a common anionic surfactant. In this work, we experimentally confirmed that the pP62BP1-harboring strain is capable of SDS degradation. The slfCHSL genes were shown to form an operon whose main promoter, PslfC, is negatively regulated by the product of the slfR gene in the absence of potential substrates. We showed that lauryl aldehyde acts as an inducer of the operon. The analysis of the draft genome sequence of the DAB_AL62B strain revealed that the crucial enzyme of the SDS degradation pathway—an alkyl sulfatase—is encoded only within the plasmid. The SLF module is flanked by two restriction–modification systems, which were shown to exhibit the same sequence specificity. We hypothesize that the maintenance of pP62BP1 may be dependent on this unique genetic organization.
Exploring Factors Inﬂuencing Neuromarketing Implementation in Malaysian Universities: Barriers and Enablers

: This paper aims to explore academicians’ perceptions and perspectives regarding the limitations, challenges, and potential solutions of neuromarketing implementations in the Malaysian context. A semi-structured interview with 16 academicians was conducted. The ﬁndings revealed that several issues had impeded the growth of neuromarketing, such as ethical and manipulation concerns, the high cost, the need for specialized expertise, lack of proper knowledge and understanding, the lack of ﬁnancial resources, the lack of labs and facilities, and time requirements. Despite these obstacles, the academicians suggested several potential solutions to enhance the application of neuromarketing, such as establishing strong collaborative networks, providing labs and facilities, increasing ﬁnancial resources, complying with laws and regulations, and reducing tools and experiment costs. This study will signiﬁcantly contribute to the body of knowledge by increasing awareness of the potential difﬁculties in implementing neuromarketing techniques and helping to guide future research and development. This information can inform decision making by practitioners, researchers, and stakeholders, allowing them to make more informed decisions about using and implementing neuromarketing. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no current study has identiﬁed avenues for future research in neuromarketing and the emerging challenges and limitations that researchers may face in Malaysia. The current paper aims to foster the application of neuromarketing by providing potential solutions to overcome the obstacles researchers face. Moreover, quantitative research is required to test, measure, and validate the items revealed in this study’s ﬁndings.