Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
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Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory findings of children and adolescents with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) at diagnosis and during follow-up. Materials and Methods: Between January 2015 and January 2019, a total of 181 patients aged between 4 and 18 years who were followed in the pediatric endocrinology department were evaluated. All patients were evaluated at the time of diagnosis and during follow-up with the clinical, laboratory and radiological data. Results: Female patients constituted 85% of all patients. Mean age at diagnosis was 13.4±3.2 years and 77% of patients were pubertal. The followup period was 22.5±10.3 months (4-54 months). At the time of diagnosis 35% of patients were euthyroid, 29% had subclinical hypothyroidism, 22% had overt hypothyroidism, 4% had subclinical hyperthyroidism and 10% had overt hyperthyroidism. The common complaints of the patients were fatigue (44%), hair loss (25%), constipation (23%) and goitre (21%). In the ultrasonographic imaging of the patients, nodule was detected in 13% of the patients. The frequency of nodules was higher in patients with euthyroidism. Increased size of the thyroid gland was common in patients with hyperthyroidism. In follow-up, nodule development was observed in 6% of patients. All patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism became euthyroid during follow-up. Hypothyroidism developed in 13% of euthyroid patients during follow-up. The most common concomitant diseases were polycystic ovary syndrome and vitiligo. Abstract
An Exposition of Fractional Spurs Resulting From Nonlinear Distortion

The interaction between quantization noise intro-duced by the divider controller and memoryless nonlinearities in a fractional-N PLL causes fractional spurs to occur. This paper presents a comprehensive theory to explain why combinations of quantizers and memoryless nonlinearities produce fractional spurs. Necessary and sufficient conditions for spur-free behavior in the presence of an arbitrary memoryless nonlinearity or linear combinations of sets of arbitrary memoryless nonlinearities are derived. Finally, an upper limit on the number of nonlinearities for which a quantizer can exhibit spur-free performance is derived.
Detecting and Isolating Distributed Denial of Service attack in Smart Grid Systems

Smart grid, which is considered as next generation power grid is an two way connected power system framework which enables easy monitoring and maintenance of power systems when compared to the existing power systems. Smart grid is also called as electrical grid or intelligent grid is an enhancement of 20th century power grid. Smart grid technically depends upon the network protocol and the topology over which it is constructed. Hence like the conventional connected systems, smart grid is also prone to number of security threats like Eavesdropping attack, data alteration attack, identity spoofing attack, compromised key attack, replay attack and distributed denial of service (DDOS) attack. In-spite of providing good technology to all the connected systems, there are frequent security breaches like DDOS attack which will extremely influence the availability of smart grid framework. Attacks targeting the availability like DDOS attack are the interruption of access or use of information which may further disrupt the power delivery. This thesis discusses detection and isolation of DDOS attack on Smart Grid. We have proposed three techniques to protect the framework against DDOS attack utilizing Marking system, TTL Value investigation and MAC value examination. The analysis of marking scheme has been carried out on Network Simulator Version 2. The identification of fake packets has been carried out using TTL value with help of Cisco packet tracer, cola soft packet builder and Snort Intrusion detection tool. The uniqueness of the MAC address and IP address are matched with the help of Arpwatch tool and Snort Intrusion detection tool to detect the fake MAC and IP address pair. With these schemes it is possible to pro-actively prevent the DDOS attack.
Network-Centric First Responder Architecture with Swarming Robots Entity

Abstract This paper proposes a new network centric architecture that can be used by first responders to effectively respond to crisis situations. The powerful network-centric concept originally developed for and mainly used in the military environment, can be effectively used for civilian security and emergency response missions. This paper also proposes the use of a swarm of intelligent robots as a part of the network-centric architecture to aid the first responders. The swarm of robots works in tandem with the first responders and provides them with the necessary information on a real time basis. The proposed network centric architecture with a swarming robot entity is explained in detail using C4ISR framework. The proposed architecture if implemented successfully will result in solving crisis situations, may it be natural calamity or terrorist attacks, more efficiently and effectively. Introduction Network-centric operations (NCOs) are operations that exploit top-of-the-line information and networking technology to integrate widely dispersed human decision makers, and targeting sensors and response capabilities into a highly adaptive, comprehensive system to maximize mission effectiveness (Arquilla 1994). Use of network-centric operations improves information sharing and collaboration, which enhances the quality and assurance of shared information and situational awareness. This will result in enhanced collaboration, enables self-synchronization, improves sustainability and increases the speed of command or coordination (Alberts et al. 1995). The ultimate result is dramatically increased mission effectiveness and optimal resource utilization. The powerful network-centric operations concept originally developed for the warfare environment, could be similarly effective for security and emergency response missions. The potential for network-centric operations to enhance civilian missions has gone largely unrealized, due in part to divergent funding sources, widely varying technical capabilities, uncoordinated and inconsistent requirements, and absence of a consolidated national operational framework. A swarm is defined as a set of (mobile) agents which can communicate directly or indirectly (by acting on their local environment) with each other, and which collectively carry out a distributed problem solving (Beni et al. 1989). Swarm intelligence
Types of Knowledge Exchange During Team Interactions: A Software Engineering Study

A field study performed in a professional software development environment shows that the interactions between collocated teammates have various purposes. This paper presents a comprehensive study of ad hoc communications on collocated team based on video recording of professional developers within a large organization. It is found that there are four purposes for ad hoc face-to-face communications; collaboration, cooperation, coordination and socialisation. To be able to use collective tools in distributed or virtual team environments we must be able to support at some extent the purposes of ad hoc communications that occur naturally in social presence. The main finding of this field study is that collective tools need to satisfy two different purposes. A cooperative system is needed to share the know- how needed to build the product and a collaborative system is needed to share the knowledge needed to understand the functionalities to be implemented.
Dynamic identification and monitoring of cultural heritage buildings

Preserva on of architectural heritage is considered a fundamental issue in the cultural life of modern socie es. This heritage is accumula ng damage due to deteriora on of materials, repeated loading and excep onal events. This means that conserva on, repair and strengthening are o en necessary. In this process, monitoring and nondestruc ve tes ng play a major role, providing informa on on the building condi on and exis ng damage, and allowing to defi ne adequate remedial measures. Dynamic based methods are an a rac ve tool because they are non-destruc ve and are able to capture the global structural behavior. The present paper focuses on three main aspects related to dynamic iden fi ca on and monitoring: (a) exploring damage in masonry structures at an early stage by vibra on measurements, using one arch model constructed in the laboratory. Progressive damage was induced in the arch and sequen al modal iden fi ca on analysis was performed at each damage stage, aiming at fi nding adequate correspondence between dynamic behavior and internal crack growth. The dynamic based methods allowed detec ng and loca ng the damage; (b) two complex case studies of modal and structural iden fi ca on of monuments using conven onal sensors. Opera onal modal analysis was used to es mate the modal parameters, followed by sta s cal analysis to evaluate the environmental eff ects on the dynamic response. The aim is to explore damage assessment in masonry structures at an early stage by vibra on signatures, as a part of a health monitoring process; (c) fi nally, a comparison between commercial wireless based pla orms and conven onal wired based systems is presented for a laboratory specimen and a structural element from a 15th century building. * Professor, ISISE, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minho, Azurem, Portugal. Email: pbl@civil.uminho. pt ** Assistant Professor, ISISE, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minho, Azurem, Portugal. Email: ramos@civil.uminho. pt
Wake effects in a Fayette 95-IIS wind turbine array: (Final report)

Commercial wind farms generally consist of quasi-orthogonal arrays of wind turbines. Developers like to locate as many turbines as possible on a specific property; however, if they are packed too closely, rotor wakes impinge on downwind turbines and reduce their energy production. This report therefore represents the first publicly-funded study to examine array wake effects in an operating wind farm with direct measurements.
Applications of Intelligent Radio Technologies in Unlicensed Cellular Networks - A Survey

Demands for high-speed wireless data services grow rapidly. It is a big challenge to increasing the network capacity operating on licensed spectrum resources. Unlicensed spectrum cellular networks have been proposed as a solution in response to severe spectrum shortage. Licensed Assisted Access (LAA) was standardized by 3GPP, aiming to deliver data services through unlicensed 5 GHz spectrum. Furthermore, the 3GPP proposed 5G New Radio-Unlicensed (NR-U) study item. On the other hand, artificial intelligence (AI) has attracted enormous attention to implement 5G and beyond systems, which is known as Intelligent Radio (IR). To tackle the challenges of unlicensed spectrum networks in 4G/5G/B5G systems, a lot of works have been done, focusing on using Machine Learning (ML) to support resource allocation in LTE-LAA/NR-U and Wi-Fi coexistence environments. Generally speaking, ML techniques are used in IR based on statistical models established for solving specific optimization problems. In this paper, we aim to conduct a comprehensive survey on the recent research efforts related to unlicensed cellular networks and IR technologies, which work jointly to implement 5G and beyond wireless networks. Furthermore, we introduce a positioning assisted LTE-LAA system based on the difference in received signal strength (DRSS) to allocate resources among UEs. We will also discuss some open issues and challenges for future research on the IR applications in unlicensed cellular networks.
3.10. Carcinogenicity

Substances are defined as carcinogenic, if they induce tumours (benign or malignant), increase their incidence or malignancy, or shorten the time of tumour occurrence when they are inhaled, ingested, dermally applied, or injected. The process of carcinogenesis is now recognised as resulting from the transition of normal cells into cancer cells via a sequence of stages and complex biological interactions. The modelling of such complex adverse effects cannot be accomplished at present by the use of non-animal tests. It should be noted that, in many situations, a well-performed carcinogenicity bioassay in animals will also be a chronic toxicity assay, since the two endpoints can be combined in the guidelines for animal testing. Since the induction of cancer involves genetic alterations which can be induced directly or indirectly, carcinogens have conventionally been divided into two categories according to their presumed modes of action: genotoxic carcinogens (= initiators) and non-genotoxic carcinogens (epigenetic carcinogens = promoters). Most potent mutagens are also carcinogens in animal experiments. Information on the genotoxic carcinogenic potential of a substance may be obtained from the mutagenicity/genotoxicity studies. Two in vitro tests, cell transformation and gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC), have been proposed as tests that may provide information on possible non-genotoxic, as well as, genotoxic carcinogens. In cases where the in vitro short-term tests suggest possible carcinogenic potential, a carcinogenicity bioassay in animals will be useful to determine potency and target organs. It is generally accepted that carcinogenesis is a multi-step process, which is strongly influenced by factors such as age, diet, environment and hormonal balance. The complexity of this process makes it not only difficult to extrapolate findings in animals to humans, but also difficult to develop in vitro alternative test models. The main phases which play a role in the development of tumours are initiation, promotion and progression. It will prove to be very difficult to build in all these phases a single in vitro alternative model. A large number of systems and models dedicated to the prediction of carcinogenicity have been developed (QSARs and SARs). It has been demonstrated that carcinogenicity is generally only poorly predicted, and the best models tend to be those that can integrate mechanism-based reasoning with biological data (1).
Cyber Racism Toward Black Athletes: A Critical Race Analysis of TexAgs.com Online Brand Community

While athletes in the 21st century have strategically leveraged technology and social media to disseminate their powerful truths (e.g., narratives) and to use as tools for organization, empowerment, and the disruption of hegemonic norms, sports fans have also found refuge on the internet and in cyberspace—namely, within online brand communities (OBCs). In this study, we draw from critical race theory (CRT) to interrogate cyber racism against Black male athletes in the http://TexAgs.com OBC. The primary purpose of this study was to conduct an exploratory collective case study of fan-generated discourse about Michael Bennett, Mike Evans, Myles Garrett, and Von Miller. Content analysis was used to examine and uncover the racially charged language directed toward these athletes. Three salient, interrelated themes were (1) good Aggie versus bad Aggie dichotomy, (2) dumb/misguided, and (3) thug. In line with the counter-narrative/storytelling tenet of CRT, we present Michael Bennett’s (2018) personal narrative from his book to directly counter the racialized discourse about his peers and him on TexAgs. Based on the findings, we conclude with implications for sport communication and social justice in both the public sphere and cyberspaces.
Evaluation and Measurement in Data Science in Medical Science and Healthcare

In the system of healthcare functioning well the data is very important factor. In the countries around the globe in the development of infrastructures of data over the past few years the huge strides have been made. To promote better health outcomes and to improve programs on the need to use this data the global health professionals place enhancing the pressure. Across the planet to support health systems to emphasis on data is emerging like a huge source of available data. It can say as the tsunami of data in both extent and scope. Due to sheer scale of this massive wave of information it is a challenging task to improve public health and support.
An open source framework for CAVE automatic virtual environments

A CAVE Automatic Virtual Environment (CAVE) is a 3D interactive environment that enables a user to be fully immersed in a virtual world and offers a unique way to visualise and interact with digital information. The primary goal of this thesis is to report on the development of a new open source CAVE software framework that provides greater access to both professional and amateur CAVE environments to users of all levels. In the first part of this thesis, the history and evolution of virtual environments as well as the generic affordances of the modern day CAVE are characterised. This is followed by a detailed discussion of the factors that influence immersion, the different methods and devices of interaction, and a small project to develop a CAVE specific interaction device is described. In the second part of this thesis, the focus is on novel work to develop a new open source platform for CAVE environments and the implementation of this platform in the visualisation of real-world sensor data. This data is collected from a range of residential and educational buildings across a local community and is used in support of an ongoing ‘smart energy’ project which is also described in detail. In conclusion, this thesis argues that through the development of new, easy-to-use, open source software and the ongoing reduction in key hardware technology costs, CAVE environments can be an effective and affordable visualisation tool for both experienced and novice users. The CAVE environment need no longer remain the sole preserve of well-funded educational and business organisations. Rather, through technology innovations such as proposed in this work, the era of the much vaunted low-cost CAVE is ‘virtually’ upon us.
Development of a Novel Noise Delivery System for JP-8 Ototoxicity Studies

Abstract : Numerous chemicals with ototoxic properties may cause hearing loss directly, potentiate noise-induced hearing loss, or produce additive effects. Of interest to the US Air Force are studies showing ototoxic effects of JP-8 jet fuel and its hydrocarbon constituents. The Naval Health Research Center (NHRC) at Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, in conjunction with the USAF, is studying the ototoxic effects of JP-8 in rats. The study requires a white noise source that is one octave band wide, centered at 8 kHz frequency, delivered from outside of exposure chambers. Sound pressure levels must be within +/- 2 dB at all exposure points within each chamber and within +/- 2 dB over a 6-hour run. Electrodynamic shakers were successfully used to produce the required input noise in three exposure chambers by inducing vibration in chamber plenums. Distribution of sound pressure levels across chamber exposure points were well controlled within a +/- 1.5 dB prediction interval ( = 0.05) or better. Stability at a central reference point was well controlled over 6-hour runs within a +/- 1 dB prediction interval ( = 0.05) or better. The final system solution gives the NHRC a unique capability to deliver noise and whole-body JP-8 aerosol exposures simultaneously.
Industrial Communication Systems

The successful operation of any production process is dependent upon a well designed and reliable communication system. Modern communication systems that are employed within a factory use a variety of means for sending and receiving information. With time, these systems have become more and more complicated. This volume in The Industrial Electronics Handbook, Second Edition spans the full gamut of topics which are needed for engineers working with industrial communication systems. A detailed description of the numerous topics covered in this volume is outlined in the Preambles that are provided for the various sections, and readers are directed there for the detailed topics contained within. The four other volumes in the Handbook are available individually: Fundamentals of Industrial Electronics, Intelligent Systems, Power Electronics and Motor Drives, and Control and Mechatronics. Additionally, all of the volumes are available as a set.
Healthy Land, Healthy People: Building a Better Understanding of Sustainable Food Systems for Food and Nutrition Professionals: A Primer on Sustainable Food Systems and Emerging Roles for food and Nutrition Professionals

The American Dietetic Association (ADA) House of Delegates (HOD) conducted a dialogue on October 21, 2005 to identify the role of ADA members in supporting a sustainable food supply that is healthful and safe. It was noted there was a need to increase ADA membersA¢â‚¬â„¢ awareness of sustainable food systems and encourage ADA members to assume leadership roles in the area of sustainable food systems. Following the dialogue, a motion was adopted on November 30, 2005 to appoint a Sustainable Food Systems Task Force. The House of DelegatesA¢â‚¬â„¢ dialogue on a sustainable food supply confirmed the need to define the role of ADA members as it relates to food and nutrition practice, therefore, the Task Force will Develop a Primer to increase member awareness of sustainable food systems practices and emerging roles for food and nutrition professionals in this area of practice. The Primer will utilize the applications identified by the HOD to promote, support and educate food and nutrition professionals about principles of sustainable food systems.
RECONFIGURABLE ANTENNAS AND RF FRONT ENDS FOR PORTABLE WIRELESS DEVICES

A reversible sprocket assembly for a chain and sprocket drive system includes a sprocket body having an inner hub portion with a central bore and an outer sprocket drive unit including teeth for engaging a drive chain. A coupling, such as mating splines, is provided along the bore for coupling the sprocket in driving relationship with the drive shaft. The coupling is reversible so that the bore of the hub may be received on the shaft with either end first. A counterbore is provided at each end of the hub adjacent the coupling so as to form end portions of the bore. When mounted on the shaft, one counterbore mates with a first shoulder on the shaft. A removable annular spacer forms a second shoulder to mate with the other counterbore. In this way, the sprocket body is securely supported in driving relationship on the shaft. By reversing the sprocket drive unit as a whole, the trailing faces of the teeth become the new drive faces and the life of the sprocket assembly is essentially doubled.
Radiation monitoring of imported food to Saudi Arabia after Chernobyl

Saudi Arabia has been indirectly affected by the Chernobyl accident. Large amounts of food or products that may enter the food chain are daily imported from European countries. After April 27, the Saudi government assigned the responsibilities of radiation monitoring of imported food to some universities and governmental sectors. The nuclear engineering department at King Abdulaziz Univ. (KAU) has undertaken the monitoring duties for products coming to western and southern provinces of the country. The sampling and monitoring procedures and results are described.
Neural network for identification of danger situation using stereovision

Modern production processes becomes more and more flexible. Therefore there is a need that devices used in workplace also support flexibility as much as possible. Such characteristics have Vision Based Protective Devices (VBPDs). We present a neural system for the advanced recognition of danger situation for safety control. The sequence of the images from two cameras located above the robot is presented to the system of cellular neural networks (CNNs) realized in the PC computer. They detect a new object appearing in a Safety Field (SF), define its position with respect to the robot arm and perform the feature extraction of its image. Experiments conducted using artificial images (virtual environment) and low quality images (internet cameras) indicate that our system can work in a real time and detect successively dangerous situations.