Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design and Implementation of WIRE 1 x EAP-SIM Module

This document presents the design and implementation of WIRE1x EAP-SIM module. The WIRE1x is an open-source implementation of IEEE 802.1x client (supplicant) developed by the Wireless Internet Research & Engineering (WIRE) Laboratory. The IEEE 802.1x defines a port-based network access control to authenticate and authorize devices interconnected by various IEEE 802 series LANs. It also works with extensible authentication protocol (EAP) to carry out the authentication. EAP-SIM is a challenge-response mechanism using the GSM Subscriber Identity Module (SIM). The integration of the cellular networks and the WLANs is believed to be a trend of the network development. The motivation for developing WIRE1x EAP-SIM module is to provide a better security and trusty mechanism over the WLANs and to lower the cost of roaming among different WLANs or cellular networks. Moreover, providing SIM-based authentication will be convenient for network operator to manage accounts.
Response of Mediterranean grassland species to changing rainfall. A reply to Figueroa and Davy

espanolSe han revisado los resultados publicados por Figueroa & Davy en el Journal of Ecology (vol 79: 925-941, 1991) sobre la relacion entre las variaciones en frecuencia de las especies de pastos mediterraneos del W de Espana y la precipitacion, debido a que sus resultados contradicen los de otros autores que tambien han estudiado estas relaciones en otros pastos mediterraneos. La causa de esta contradiccion estriba en que los datos de precipitacion utilizados por Figueroa & Davy contienen muchos errores. Cuando se utilizan los datos correctos los resultados son concordantes con los de los otros autores. EnglishThe results of a paper of Figueroa & Davy in the Journal of Ecology (vol 79: 925-941, 1991) on the relationships between changes in species frequency and rainfall in a Mediterranean grassland of W Spain have been revised, because they do not agree with the results of other authors that have studied this relationships in other Mediterranean grasslands. The lack of agreement is the result of the inaccuracies contained in the rainfall data used by Figueroa & Davy. When the correct rainfall data are used, the results agree with those of the other authors.
Drift Response of Monomolecular Slicks to Wave and Wind Action

Abstract The drift responses of monomolecular slicks to wind and wave action have been investigated in a laboratory wind-wave tunnel and in the field. The wind-wave tunnel was fitted with a mechanical wave generator which produced uniform long-crested gravity waves. The field studies were performed off the island of Sylt (German Bight) in the North Sea. Laboratory results for the slick drift response to deep water gravity waves only were in excellent agreement with the Stokes irrotational mass transport drift velocity theory. The purely wind-induced slick drift was in good agreement with the results obtained by previous investigators using a variety of other floats. A number of laboratory and field investigations have been compared which show that the surface drift to wind speed ratio lies between 2.6–5.5%. A difference between the average ratios for the collected laboratory and field results indicates that the pure gravity wave drift component probably comprises 25–30% of the total surface drift. A quali.
Plataforma experimental para el desarrollo y evaluación de sistemas de generación híbridos basados en pilas de combustible

(1) U.N.L.P, Facultad de Ingenieria, LEICI, Calle 1 y 47, 1900, La Plata, Argentina, juan.talpone@ing.unlp. edu.ar. (2) U.N.L.P, Facultad de Ingenieria, LEICI, Calle 1 y 47, 1900, La Plata, Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnologicas (CONICET), puleston@ing.unlp. edu.ar. (3) U.N.L.P, Facultad de Ingenieria, LEICI, Calle 1 y 47, 1900, La Plata, Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnologicas (CONICET), jmore@ing.unlp. edu.ar. (4) U.P.C, Escola Tecnica Superior d’Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona, IOC, Av. Diagonal 647, 08028, Barcelona, Espana, roberto.grino@upc.edu. (5) U.N.L.P, Facultad de Ingenieria, LEICI, Calle 1 y 47, 1900, La Plata, Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnologicas (CONICET), cendoya@ing.unlp. edu.ar.
An Experimental Comparison of Different Classifiers for Predicting Tropical Cyclone Rapid Intensification Events

Accurately predicting the intensity and track of a Tropical Cyclone (TC) can save the lives of people and help to significantly reduce damage to property and infrastructure. Current track prediction models outperform intensity models which is partially due to the existence of rapid intensification (RI) events. RI appears in the lifecycle of most major hurricanes and can be defined as a change in intensity within 24 hours which exceeds 30 knots. Improving the predicting of RI events has been identified as one of the top priority problems by the National Hurricane Center (NHC). In this paper we compare the RI event prediction performance of several popular classification methods: Logistic regression, naive Bayes classifier, classification and regression tree (CART), and support vector machine. The dataset used is derived from the data used by the Statistical Hurricane Intensity Prediction Scheme (SHIPS) model for intensity prediction which contains large-scale weather, ocean, and climate condition predictors from 1982 to 2011. 10-fold cross validation is applied to compare the models. The probability of detection (POD) and false alarm ratio (FAR) are used to measure performance. Predicting RI events is a difficult problem but initial experiments show potential for improving forecast using data mining and machine learning techniques. Keywords—Classification, Data Mining, Rapid Intensification, Tropical Cyclone.
Image Compression Based on L 1 Minimization and Sparse Methodology

In this paper we define the colorization-based coding issue into a streamlining issue, i.e., a L1 minimization issue. In colorization-based coding, the encoder picks a couple of delegate pixels (RP) for which the chrominance qualities and the positions are sent to the decoder, though in the decoder, by colorization techniques the chrominance values for every one of the pixels are recreated. The primary issue in colorization-based coding is the way to remove the RP well hence the pressure rate and the nature of the reproduced shading image turns out to be great. By figuring the colorization-based coding into a L1 minimization issue, it is ensured that, given the colorization grid, the picked arrangement of RP turns into the ideal set as in it minimizes the lapse between the first and the remade shading image. As such, for a settled mistake worth and a given colorization grid, the picked arrangement of RP is the littlest set conceivable. the proposed strategy beats ordinary colorization-based coding strategies and additionally the JPEG standard and is similar with the JPEG2000 pressure standard, both as far as the pressure rate and the nature of the reproduced shading image.
Modelling Conditional Correlations in the Volatility of Asian Rubber Spot and Futures Returns

Asia is presently the most important market for the production and consumption of natural rubber. World prices of rubber are not only subject to changes in demand, but also to speculation regarding future markets. Japan and Singapore are the major futures markets for rubber, while Thailand is one of the world's largest producers of rubber. As rubber prices are influenced by external markets, it is important to analyse the relationship between the relevant markets in Thailand, Japan and Singapore. The analysis is conducted using several alternative multivariate GARCH models. The empirical results indicate that the constant conditional correlations arising from the CCC model lie in the low to medium range. The results from the VARMA-GARCH model and the VARMA-AGARCH model suggest the presence of volatility spillovers and asymmetric effects of positive and negative return shocks on conditional volatility. Finally, the DCC model suggests that the conditional correlations can vary dramatically over time. In general, the dynamic conditional correlations in rubber spot and futures returns shocks can be independent or interdependent.
Accessibility and urban environment sustainability in Sydney (1991-2001)

One of the most important issues for enhancing environmental quality, especially in the urban environment, is developing accessibility versus mobility. With regard to this, we calculated the accessibility indicator by a zonal opportunity gravity model (employed person) for 38 local government areas (zones) with GIS tools, and, in addition, the changes in accessibility measured during 1991– 2001. In addition, the relationship between the accessibility index and six sub socio-eco-physical factors was calculated by multiple regressing. The result yielded from a map of accessibility changes shows that two scenarios had taken place simultaneously. One is a high positive change of accessibility value both in the central core, mostly strap pattern (concentration) and sub-urban areas (decentralization), the other is the low positive or negative change of accessibility value in the middle rings of Sydney. The results achieved by calculating the relationship between the accessibility index and the socioeconomic variables show that zones that have low car usage to work have high accessibility value. In contrast, zones with low weekly income families, far from the city center, with a high percentage of car usage to work have a low accessibility value.
Ethnic Persistence , Assimilation and Risk Proclivity *

Ethnic Persistence, Assimilation and Risk Proclivity The paper investigates the role of social norms as a determinant of individual attitudes by analyzing risk proclivity reported by immigrants and natives in a unique representative German survey. We employ factor analysis to construct measures of immigrants’ ethnic persistence and assimilation. The estimated effect of these measures on risk proclivity suggests that adaptation to the attitudes of the majority population closes the immigrantnative gap in risk proclivity, while stronger commitment to the home country preserves it. As risk attitudes are behaviorally relevant, and vary by ethnic origin, our results could also help explain differences in economic assimilation of immigrants. JEL Classification: D1, D81, F22, J15, J16, J31, J62, J82
Synkinematic f1uid flow and vein formation by depressurization in magmatic arcs: A case study from Atacama Fault System, northern Chile

1 Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias, Mencion Geologia, Departamento Ciencias Geotôgicas, Universidad Catélica del Norte-MECE Educacion Superior, Casilla 1280, Antofagasta, Chile; vtapia@ucn.cl 2 Departamento Ciencias Geolôgicas, Universidad Catôlica del Norte, Casilla 1280, Antofagasta, Chile 3 Laboratorio Geolôgico, Servicio Nacional de Geologia y Mineria, Avda. Til-Til 1993, NulÏoa, Santiago, Chile 4 Department of Earth & Ocean Sciences, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K.
Normas de derecho internacional privado en materia de bienes: la regla lex rei sitae en América Latina y Colombia

Este artículo es resultado de una investigación cualitativa cuyo objetivo general ha consistido en evaluar las normas de conflicto de leyes que se encuentran en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano, observándolas a la luz de codificaciones de otros ordenamientos jurídicos. En tal sentido, se hace una exposición de las normas de derecho internacional privado en materia de bienes en América Latina. Luego se analiza la situación al respecto en Colombia. Finalmente, se realizan algunos breves planteamientos para una futura revisión de la forma en que se encuentra la regla lex rei sitae en el derecho internacional privado colombiano.
A STUDY ON THE USAGE OF BLOOD-VOLUME-PRESSURE AS A DRIVER ’ S MENTAL WORKLOAD EVALUATION TOOL

Estimating a driver’s mental workload level is challenging part nowadays. In this study, an experimental investigation was conducted to explore mental workload using Blood-Volume-Pressure (BVP) and Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. Participants performed two secondary task at two levels of task difficulty and also in two types of traffic conditions. The results show that increasing task difficulty seems to increase Heart rate (HR) and reduce the Heart Rate Variability (HRV) data simultaneously. Especially, data for HR was high when the drivers were performing the most difficult task for mathematical arithmetic task. Results from BVP and ECG also show that they correlate each other showing that BVP can be used as a potential candidate as a mental workload measurement tools. Potential applications of this research include developing a method to estimate driver`s mental workload level through blood volume pressure as the main measurement for evaluation of mental workload as it is non-intrusive to
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Introductions of grass carp, well known for their potentially negative ecosystem effects, have been performed in several countries around the world. As the species was considered unable to reproduce naturally under non-native environmental conditions, little attention was initially given to its invasive potential. We studied an area in northern-Italy where, contrary to expectations, introductions that were performed in the early 80s still exert a considerable pressure on aquatic macrophytes. In order to reveal whether the observed population dynamics are the result of natural events or stocking we analysed the density, age-and size-structure of the grass carp population and the migration pathways available to it. Telephone surveys were also used to check for fish transport from national and international suppliers. We also sampled potential spawning and nursery areas for young individuals and, when some were captured, we applied stable isotope analyses to discriminate their origin. We found that the population of large individuals likely originated solely from early stocking. We also documented the first analytical evidence of grass carp recruitment in the study area and, to our knowledge, in Western Europe. Therefore the species has the potential to become invasive in these areas and more detailed studies are needed to assess this potential. Further management should account at least for natural recruitment and potential negative environmental effects, controlling the species where needed.
Rationale For α-Lipoic acid ( ALA ) and CoQ 10 as an Adjunct Therapy of Obesity

CoQ10 levels in the adipose tissue of overweight people are significantly lower than in people with a normal body weight (5). This, however, means that the fat oxidation is diminished and the food is utilized more efficiently by the body. Less heat is generated and more substrate is stored. Genetically overweight patients (Prater Willi Syndrome) are, therefore, recommended to take CoQ10 for weight reduction (5).
Calidad bacteriológica de la leche cruda bovina almacenada en el centro de acopio Mocha. Tungurahua. Ecuador

La calidad bacteriológica de la leche cruda bovina tiene implicaciones económicas y sanitarias muy importantes para el desarrollo agropecuario de los países. En este sentido, se realizó el presente trabajo para conocer la calidad bacteriológica de la leche cruda bovina almacenada en un centro de acopio de la provincia de Tungurahua, Ecuador. Se analizaron un total de 20 muestras de leche obtenidas durante las épocas de invierno y verano de los tanques de almacenamiento de los transportes de las rutas, así como del tanque del centro de acopio. Se cuantificaron los siguientes indicadores de calidad bacteriológica: bacterias aerobias mesófilas, Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus y Salmonella. Estos indicadores se ajustan a las normas ecuatorianas INEN para leche cruda bovina, utilizando los medios de cultivos y las condiciones de incubación indicados en las normas para cada uno de los grupos bacterianos evaluados. En la época de invierno se obtuvieron valores promedios para las bacterias aerobias mesófilas de 1,22 x 108 UFC/mL, Enterobacteriaceae 7,90 x 105 UFC/mL y Staphylococcus 6,12 x 104 UFC/mL. En la época de verano los valores promedios obtenidos fueron bacterias aerobias mesófilas 8,07 x 106 UFC/mL, Enterobacteriaceae 4,76 x 104 UFC/mL y Staphylococcus 1,42 x 104 UFC/mL. Se pudo detectar en dos de las muestras la presencia de Salmonella. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio indican que se está en presencia de leche cruda con valores muy altos de los indicadores bacteriológicos, lo cual implica deficiencias en su calidad sanitaria, sobre todo en la época de invierno.
Deconjugation Kinetics of Glucuronidated Phase II Flavonoid Metabolites by β-glucuronidase from Neutrophils

Summary : Flavonoids are inactivated by phase II metabolism and occur in the body as glucuronides. Mammalian β -glucuronidase released from neutrophils at inflammatory sites may be able to deconjugate and thus activate flavonoid glucuronides. We have studied deconjugation kinetics and pH optimum for four sources of β -glucuronidase (human neutrophil, human recombinant, myeloid PLB-985 cells, Helix pomatia ) with five flavonoid glucuronides (quercetin-3-glucuronide, quercetin-3'-glucuronide, quercetin-4'-glucuronide, quercetin-7-glucuronide, 3'-methylquercetin-3-glucuronide), 4-methylumbelliferyl- β - D -glucuronide, and paranitrophenol-glucuronide. All substrate-enzyme combinations tested exhibited first order kinetics. The optimum pH for hydrolysis was between 3.5-5, with appreciable hydrolysis activities up to pH 5.5. At pH 4, the K m ranged 44-fold from 22 μ M for quercetin-4'-glucuronide with Helix pomatia β -glucuronidase, to 981 μ M for para-nitrophenol-glucuronide with recombinant β -glucuronidase. V max (range: 0.735-24.012mmol· min − 1· unit − 1 [1 unit is defined as the release of 1 μ M 4-methylumbelliferyl- β -D-glucuronide per min]) and the reaction rate constants at low substrate concentrations (k) (range: 0.002-0.062 min − 1 ·(unit/L) − 1 were similar for all substrates-enzyme combinations tested. In conclusion, we show that β -glucuronidase from four different sources, including human neutrophils, is able to deconjugate flavonoid glucuronides and non-flavonoid substrates at fairly similar kinetic rates. At inflammatory sites in vivo the pH, neutrophil and flavonoid glucuronide concentrations seem favorable for deconjugation. However, it remains to be confirmed whether this is actually the case.
Trinitite redux: Mineralogy and petrology

Abstract Trinitite is the glass formed during the first atomic bomb test near Socorro, New Mexico, on July 16, 1945. The protolith for the glass is arkosic sand. The majority of the glass is bottle green in color, but a red variety is found in the northern quadrant of the test site. Glass beads and dumbbells, similar in morphology to micro-tektites, are also found at the Trinity site. The original description of this material, which appeared in American Mineralogist in 1948, noted the presence of two glasses with distinctly different indices of refraction (n = 1.46 and 1.51-1.54). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Quantitative Evaluation of Minerals by SCANning electron microscopy (QEMSCAN) analysis is used to investigate the chemical composition and fine-scale structure of the glass. The glass is heterogeneous at the tens of micrometer scale with discrete layers of glass showing flow-like structures. The low index of refraction glass is essentially SiO2 (high-Si glass), but the higher index of refraction glass (low-Si glass) shows a range of chemical compositions. Embedded in the glass are partially melted quartz (α-quartz as determined by X-ray diffraction) and feldspar grains. The red trinitite consists of the same two glass components along with additional Cu-rich, Fe-rich, and Pb-rich silicate glasses. Metallic globules are common in the red trinitite. In terms of viscosity, the high-Si and low-Si glasses differ by several orders of magnitude, and there is minimal mixing between the two glasses. QEMSCAN analysis reveals that there are several chemical subgroups (that can be characterized as simple mixtures of melted mineral components) within the low-Si glasses, and there is limited mixing between these glass subgroups. The red trinitite contains regions of Fe-rich glass, which show sharp contact with surrounding Fe-poor glass. Both the textural and chemical data suggest that these two glasses existed as immiscible liquids. The metallic droplets in the red trinitite, which consist of variable amounts of Cu, Pb, and Fe, show textural evidence of unmixing. These metals are largely derived from anthropogenic sources-Cu wire, Pb bricks, and the steel tower and bomb casing. The combination of mineralogical and chemical data indicate that temperatures on the order of 1600 °C and pressures of at least 8 GPa were reached during the atomic detonation and that there was a reducing environment during cooling, as evidenced by the presence of native metals, metal sulfides, and a low-Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio. Independent estimates of maximum temperature during the detonation are on the order of 8000 K, far higher than suggested by the mineral data. This discrepancy is probably due to the very short duration of the event. In all respects, the trinitite glasses are similar to tektites and fulgurites, and by analogy one conclusion is that temperature estimates based on mineralogical observations for these materials also underestimate the maximum temperatures.
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF SOUTHEASTERN ARMILLARIA ISOLATES by KAROL LEIGH KELLY

The genus Armillaria contains white-rot basidiomycetes pathogenic to woody plant hosts worldwide. Of particular interest are the species found in southeastern peach (Prunus persica) orchards causing Armillaria root rot. Isolates collected during the past four years from orchards in Georgia, South Carolina, and Alabama were identified to species and grouped within species based on molecular analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and the intergenic spacer (IGS) regions of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Thirty isolates of A. tabescens and nine isolates of A. mellea were identified from these orchards. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the IGS region with Alu I revealed two groups of A. tabescens and one group of A. mellea. Similarly, the ITS region was amplified with primer sets AtITS1/Am-ITS1/ITS-2 and ITS-1/ITS-4 and subsequently restricted with Mbo II and Hha I. These restrictions indicated two groups of A. tabescens and four groups of A. mellea. INDEX WORDS: Armillaria mellea, Armillaria tabescens, Armillaria root rot, Basidiomycetes, intergenic spacer region, internal transcribed spacer region, peach, polymorphism, Prunus persica, rDNA, restriction analysis MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF SOUTHEASTERN ARMILLARIA ISOLATES
Cost-Effectiveness of Nutrient Management and Buffers: Comparisons of Two Spatial Scenarios

Farmers and taxpayers would benefit from more cost-effective agricultural nutrient pollution control measures. The objectives of our study are (1) to assess compliance costs and reductions in phosphorus loadings from implementation of nutrient management and riparian buffers; and (2) to estimate how the spatial scenario, which is the method of representing farms within the watershed, affects estimated compliance costs and reductions in phosphorus deliveries. Estimated compliance costs are quite sensitive to the spatial scenario. Buffers are more cost-effective than nutrient management under one of the two spatial scenarios, whereas nutrient management is more cost-effective under the other scenario. Shifts to more erosive crops reduce the effectiveness of both pollution control measures.