Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF PHYTOCHEMICALS SCREENING AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF VITIS VINIFERA (GRAPES) FRUIT EXTRACT USING FENTON REACTION

Grapes ( Vitis vinifera L.) are a major fruit crop in the world. Grapes seem to confer health benefits due to their antioxidant activity. In traditional medicine system it is used especially for anticancer, blood purification, and as an antispasmodic. This plant was also useful in the health benefits associated with natural compounds and have been demonstrated with the emphasis on antioxidants. We have evaluated the phytochemical analysis and antioxidant potential of selected grape variety from India. The phenolic compound in fruits, vegetables, herbs and spices possess potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic activities. The present study focused on the phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of Vitis vinifera fruit Extract in vitro conditions. The berries of Vitis vinifera was extracted with methanol using a Soxhlet extractor. Phytochemical screening of the methanol extract of Vitis vinifera showed the presence of glycosides, phytosterol, saponins, tannins, flavonoids and terpenoids. The total phenolics content of leaf as determined by Fenton reaction and was found to be good antioxidant activity as different dose concentrations. The antioxidant activity of extract was carried out with ascorbic acid as a standard reducing agent. All the analysis was made with the use of UV-Visible Spectrophotometer. In this plant Vitis vinifera Extract there was a remarkable concentration dependent free radical scavenging and reducing power was exhibited. These findings demonstrated that Vitis vinifera Extract possess free radical and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity as well as antioxidant activity in vitro. In conclusion the present Study indicates that Vitis vinifera Extract may be a potential source of natural antioxidant. The results suggested that Vitis vinifera Extract could serve as a potential source of natural phytochemicals and antioxidant and can be used in any preparations for combating free radical mediated damage to the body.
Effects of Antibiotics on Synthesis and Persistence of uE in Sporulating Bacillus subtilis

A potential regulatory link between the activation of a sporulation-specific sigma factor (0.E) and forespore septum formation was investipted by treating Bacillus subtilis with inhibitors of protein or peptidoglycan synthesis and monitoring the consequences of these treatments on E activation and septation. Western blot (immunoblot) and electron microscopic analyses revealed that both the formation of or and septation were inhibited to a similar degree when either rifampin or chloramphenicol was added at different times before the second hour into sporulation but that peniclli preferentially blocked septation. We interpret thewe results as indicating that the syntheses of the gene products for both septation and &E activation occur at approximately the same time in development but that synthesis of an intact septum is unlikely to be a prerequiste for the formation of oe. We observed that peniciln could not only block septation but, depending on the time of its addition, could also inhibit both the activation of oE and the synthesis of its precursor. The basis of this effect is unknown, but it is not due to an overall disruption of protein synthesis. The incorporation of ["S]methlonine by the sporulaftng cultures was unaffected by penicillin treatment. A time course study of the effects of rifampin and chloramphenicol treatments on oE levels revealed that both the synthesis of CrE and its from sporulating cultures is inhibited by these antibiotics. This suggests that ongoing macromolecular synthesis is required for the turnover of oE.
Anomaly Detection System for Internet Traffic based on TF-IDF and BFR Clustering Algorithms

An anomaly can be defined as any deviation from the normal and something which is outside the usual range of variations, it consumes network resources, and lead to security issues such as Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability (CIA). An Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are designed and implemented by many researchers to analyze, detect, and prevent the anomaliestraffics. Although, there are various techniques for IDS to detect anomalies like statistical, machine learning techniques. Data mining can be efficiently employed for anomaly detection. Since, it works to extract features from network traffic; it can be used to distinguish between common legitimate and attack traffics. Data mining can be efficiently identifying the important data for user and predicts the results that can be utilized to detect various types of attacks. In this paper, an anomaly detection approach usingTerm Frequency Inverse Document Frequency(TF_IDF) and Bradley, Fayyad, and Reina(BFR) clustering algorithm is presented to detect and prevent malicious traffic efficiently and with low time complexity.Multiple types of attacks are detected in the proposed solution like (Flooding, Denial of Service (DoS), Backdoors, and Worms)attacks effectively using two modern datasets are which are“NUST2009, UNSW-NB2015”. The experiments result shows that the BFR clustering algorithm perform better than the K-meanalgorithm in term of accuracy and detection rate. The overall accuracy for NUST2009 dataset is 99.2%, the detection rate is 100%, and false alarm rate is 0%. While the overall accuracy in UNSW-NB2015 dataset is 98.76, the detection rate is 79.28%, and false alarm rate is 0%.
EVALUATION OF RECENT UPDATES REGARDING POSTMENOPAUSAL MANAGEMENT

Background: Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mineral density that increases fracture risk. The prevalence of osteoporosis is expected to increase even further due to the reported increase of life expectancy worldwide and the costs of osteoporotic fracture–related morbidity and mortality are going to burden the healthcare system. Optimization of bone health throughout life can help prevent osteoporosis and its consequences. Many studies have been published in order to examine osteoporosis management strategies and their efficacy. Objective: A lot of literature have been done in order to provide a better outcomes for patients presented with postmenopausal osteoporosis, in our review we aim to discuss the recent literature that discussed the recent updates regarding its management. Method: PubMed database were used for articles selection. All relevant articles related to our review were chosen to cover the following topics: Osteoporosis, Post-menopausal, Management and Diagnosis. We excluded other articles, which are not related to our objectives. The data have been extracted according to specific form treatment of postmenopausal estrogen for bone bone remodeling osteoblasts osteoclasts. used anti-resorptive agents in the for the treatment of osteoporosis and are in use for three decades. The most known anabolic therapy is PTH. Regarding prevention, exercise be a safe and effective way to avert bone loss in postmenopausal
THE ROAD TO THE RED SEQUENCE: A DETAILED VIEW OF THE FORMATION OF A MASSIVE GALAXY AT z ∼ 2

Over half of the census of massive galaxies at z ∼ 2 are dominated by quiescent stellar populations. The formation mechanism for these galaxies is still under debate, with models relying either on massive and early mergers or cold accretion. It is therefore imperative to understand in detail the properties of these galaxies. We present here a detailed analysis of the star formation history (SFH) of FW4871, a massive galaxy at z = 1.893 ± 0.002. We compare rest-frame optical and NUV slitless grism spectra from the Hubble Space Telescope with a large set of composite stellar populations to constrain the underlying SFH. Even though the morphology features prominent tidal tails, indicative of a recent merger, there is no sign of ongoing star formation within an aperture encircling one effective radius, which corresponds to a physical extent of 2.6 kpc. A model assuming truncation of an otherwise constant SFH gives a formation epoch zF ∼ 10 with a truncation after 2.7 Gyr, giving a mass-weighted age of 1.5 Gyr and a stellar mass of (0.8–3) × 1011 M☉ (the intervals representing the output from different population synthesis models), implying star formation rates of 30–110 M☉ yr−1. A more complex model including a recent burst of star formation places the age of the youngest component at 145+450− 70 Myr, with a mass contribution lower than 20%, and a maximum amount of dust reddening of E(B − V) < 0.4 mag (95% confidence levels). This low level of dust reddening is consistent with the low emission observed at 24 μm, corresponding to rest-frame 8 μm, where polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission should contribute significantly if a strong formation episode were present. The color profile of FW4871 does not suggest a significant radial trend in the properties of the stellar populations out to 3 Re. We suggest that the recent merger that formed FW4871 is responsible for the quenching of its star formation.
Engineering CAR-NK cells: how to tune innate killer cells for cancer immunotherapy

Abstract Cell therapy is an innovative approach that permits numerous possibilities in the field of cancer treatment. CAR-T cells have been successfully used in patients with hematologic relapsed/refractory. However, the need for autologous sources for T cells is still a major drawback. CAR-NK cells have emerged as a promising resource using allogeneic cells that could be established as an off-the-shelf treatment. NK cells can be obtained from various sources, such as peripheral blood (PB), bone marrow, umbilical cord blood (CB), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), as well as cell lines. Genetic engineering of NK cells to express different CAR constructs for hematological cancers and solid tumors has shown promising preclinical results and they are currently being explored in multiple clinical trials. Several strategies have been employed to improve CAR-NK-cell expansion and cytotoxicity efficiency. In this article, we review the latest achievements and progress made in the field of CAR-NK-cell therapy.
Understanding Consumption Pattern of Rural and Urban Consumers in Malaysia

The consumption pattern of Malaysian consumers has changed markedly since 2005 as shown by several indicators such as consumer price index, per capita income and inflation rate. Instability of economy, increased in food prices, political stability, employment, debt, work life balance, increased in utility bills and fuel prices, health and crimes become major concerns for Malaysian consumers especially in urban areas to be more cautious in their spending. This study attempts to examines the factors contributing to consumption model for Malaysian consumers in rural and urban areas. From the literature, eight antecedents of Malaysian consumption pattern were identified. Consumer lifestyle, consumer value, consumer motive, consumer preference, and marketing mix of price, product, place, and advertising were measured using 7-point Likert scales. From 1400 questionnaires distributed to households, 851 were returned representing 61 percent response rate. The findings indicate support for validity of measurement models of all variables utilized for both model rural and urban. Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) of SMARTPLS 2.0 technique, it was found that advertising is not a predictor for consumer motive for both model, rural and urban. Apart of that, the reason of price hikes has been discussed. On the other hand, rural model postulates better R2 than the other model. The finding implies that Malaysian government need to continuously campaign for consumers about the implementation of GST and its consequences for consumers. In addition, the instability of economic changed the consumption pattern throughout their lifestyle, value, motive and preferences.
Impact of Replacement of Individual Dietary SFAs on Circulating Lipids and Other Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials in Humans

ABSTRACT Little is known of the impact of individual SFAs and their isoenergetic substitution with other SFAs or unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) on the prevention of cardiometabolic disease (CMD). This systematic literature review assessed the impact of such dietary substitutions on a range of fasting CMD risk markers, including lipid profile, markers of glycemic control and inflammation, and metabolic hormone concentrations. Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigated the effect of isoenergetic replacements of individual dietary SFAs for ≥14 d on ≥1 CMD risk markers in humans. Searches of the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases on 14 February, 2021 identified 44 RCTs conducted in participants with a mean ± SD age of 39.9 ± 15.2 y. Studies’ risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2.0 for RCTs. Random-effect meta-analyses assessed the effect of ≥3 similar dietary substitutions on the same CMD risk marker. Other dietary interventions were described in qualitative syntheses. We observed reductions in LDL-cholesterol concentrations after the replacement of palmitic acid (16:0) with UFAs (−0.36 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.50, −0.21 mmol/L; I2 = 96.0%, n = 18 RCTs) or oleic acid (18:1n–9) (−0.16 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.28, −0.03 mmol/L; I2 = 89.6%, n = 9 RCTs), with a similar impact on total cholesterol and apoB concentrations. No effects on other CMD risk markers, including HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerol, glucose, insulin, or C-reactive protein concentrations, were evident. Similarly, we found no evidence of a benefit from replacing dietary stearic acid (18:0) with UFAs on CMD risk markers (n = 4 RCTs). In conclusion, the impact of replacing dietary palmitic acid with UFAs on lipid biomarkers is aligned with current public health recommendations. However, owing to the high heterogeneity and limited studies, relations between all individual SFAs and biomarkers of cardiometabolic health need further confirmation from RCTs. This systematic review was registered at www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/ as CRD42020084241.
THE ROLE OF COLOR IN ENVIRONMENTAL MESSAGES AND CLAIMS: GREEN CAN BE BOTH BENEFICIAL AND MISLEADING

With the growth of environmental concerns and increasing competition among firms, it is important for (social) marketers to create more effective environmental messages and claims. On the other hand, with the increase in number and types of environmental claims, consumer confusion regarding environmental claims has also increased. These changes suggest that it is increasingly important to understand how consumers interpret environmental claims and whether some elements of environmental claims can mislead consumers. In this dissertation I provide insights about these issues by studying the role of color in environmental messages and claims. On the basis of the processing fluency literature, I propose that consumers base their evaluations of environmental messages and claims not only on the information they receive, but also on how easy it is to process the information. Specifically, I propose that information about environmental products or behaviors is more fluently processed when it is presented with green, rather than other colors, because the color green matches the meaning of the target information. As a result, consumers will respond to environmental messages and claims more positively when these messages are presented with green than other colors. This effect has two important consequences. On one hand, the use of green can enhance consumer evaluations of environmentally superior products and activities. On the other hand, the use of green can
Audio Deepfake Detection Based on a Combination of F0 Information and Real Plus Imaginary Spectrogram Features

Recently, pioneer research works have proposed a large number of acoustic features (log power spectrogram, linear frequency cepstral coefficients, constant Q cepstral coefficients, etc.) for audio deepfake detection, obtaining good performance, and showing that different subbands have different contributions to audio deepfake detection. However, this lacks an explanation of the specific information in the subband, and these features also lose information such as phase. Inspired by the mechanism of synthetic speech, the fundamental frequency (F0) information is used to improve the quality of synthetic speech, while the F0 of synthetic speech is still too average, which differs significantly from that of real speech. It is expected that F0 can be used as important information to discriminate between bonafide and fake speech, while this information cannot be used directly due to the irregular distribution of F0. Insteadly, the frequency band containing most of F0 is selected as the input feature. Meanwhile, to make full use of the phase and full-band information, we also propose to use real and imaginary spectrogram features as complementary input features and model the disjoint subbands separately. Finally, the results of F0, real and imaginary spectrogram features are fused. Experimental results on the ASVspoof 2019 LA dataset show that our proposed system is very effective for the audio deepfake detection task, achieving an equivalent error rate (EER) of 0.43%, which surpasses almost all systems.
Shadow of the 5D Reissner-Nordstrom AdS Black Hole

We discuss the shadow cast by the charged Reissner-Nordstr\"om (RN) AdS black hole. With the help of Killing equation and Hamilton-Jacobi equation, we calculate the geodesic equations for null particle. With the help of geodesics of null particle, we then determine the celestial coordinates ($\alpha$, $\beta$) and the shadow radius of the RN AdS black hole. We present a graphical analysis of the black hole shadow and find that shadow is a perfectly dark circle. The impacts of charge and cosmological constant of the RN AdS black hole on the radius of shadow are also presented. In this connection, radius of the shadow is a decreasing function of the charge. Furthermore, we study the effects of plasma medium on the RN AdS black hole shadow. Here, we find that radius of circular shadow increases with increasing plasma parameter. In addition, we also discuss the energy emission rate of RN AdS black hole. The effects of parameters like charge, cosmological constant and plasma parameter on energy emission rate are analyzed graphically.
Classical Multidimensional Scaling on Metric Measure Spaces

We study a generalization of the classical Multidimensional Scaling procedure (cMDS) which is applicable in the setting of general metric measure spaces which can be seen as natural “continuous limits” of finite data sets. We identify certain crucial spectral properties of the generalized cMDS operator thus providing a natural and rigorous formulation of cMDS. Furthermore, we characterize the cMDS output of several continuous exemplar metric measures spaces such as high dimensional spheres and tori (both with their geodesic distance). In particular, the case of spheres (with geodesic distance) requires that we establish that its cMDS operator is trace class, a condition which is natural in the context when the cMDS operator has infinite rank. Finally, we establish the stability of the generalized cMDS method with respect to the Gromov-Wasserstein distance.
Hubble tension and Reheating: Hybrid Inflation Implications

We investigate a new possible solution to the Hubble constant tension . we propose a simple resolution to the problem assuming that a ﬁrst-order phase transition related to H 0 transition occurred in the early Universe. The early evolution of the Universe is a result of hybrid inﬂation that has lasted for a speciﬁc period until symmetry breaking takes place. Fitting our model to measurements from Planck and SH 0 ES data provides a key explanation of discrepancies of H 0 measurements. The quantum ﬂuctuations calculated in this model have signiﬁcant results on the reheating parameters N re and T re . Therefore, new constraints must be taken into consideration to ﬁt these parameters to recent results.
Parallel Matrix-free polynomial preconditioners with application to flow simulations in discrete fracture networks

We develop a robust matrix-free, communication avoiding parallel, high-degree polynomial preconditioner for the Conjugate Gradient method for large and sparse symmetric positive definite linear systems. We discuss the selection of a scaling parameter aimed at avoiding unwanted clustering of eigenvalues of the preconditioned matrices at the extrema of the spectrum. We use this preconditioned framework to solve a $3 \times 3$ block system arising in the simulation of fluid flow in large-size discrete fractured networks. We apply our polynomial preconditioner to a suitable Schur complement related with this system, which can not be explicitly computed because of its size and density. Numerical results confirm the excellent properties of the proposed preconditioner up to very high polynomial degrees. The parallel implementation achieves satisfactory scalability by taking advantage from the reduced number of scalar products and hence of global communications.
Reduced-order modeling of a sliding ring on an elastic rod with incremental potential formulation

Mechanical interactions between rigid rings and ﬂexible cables are widespread in both daily life (hanging clothes) and engineering system (closing a tether-net). A reduced-order method for the dynamic analysis of sliding rings on a deformable one-dimensional (1D) rod-like object is proposed. In contrast to discretize the joint rings into multiple nodes and edges for contact detection and numerical simulation, a single point is used to reduce the order of the numerical model. In order to achieve the non-deviation condition between sliding ring and ﬂexible rod, a novel barrier functional is derived based on incremental potential theory, and the tangent frictional interplay is later procured by a lagged dissipative formulation. The proposed barrier functional and the associated frictional functional are C 2 continuous, hence the nonlinear elastodynamic system can be solved variationally by an implicit time-stepping scheme. The numerical framework is ﬁrst applied to simple examples where the analytical solutions are available for validation. Then, multiple complex practical engineering examples are considered to showcase the eﬀectiveness of the proposed method. The simpliﬁed ring-to-rod interaction model can provide lifelike visual eﬀect for picture animations, and also can support the optimal design for space debris removal system.
Fully nonlinear development of the most unstable goertler vortex in a three dimensional boundary layer

Abstract : In this paper we investigate the nonlinear development of the most unstable Gortler mode within a general three-dimensional boundary layer upon a suitably concave surface. The structure of this mode was first identified by Denier, Hall and Seddougui (1991) who demonstrated that the growth rate of this instability is 0(G3/5) where G is the Gortler number (taken to be large here), which is effectively a measure of the curvature of the surface. Previous researches have described the fate of the most unstable mode within a two- dimensional boundary layer. Denier and Hall (1992) discussed the fully nonlinear development of the vortex in this case and showed that the nonlinearity causes a breakdown of the flow structure. The effect of crossflow and unsteadiness upon an infinitesimal unstable mode was elucidated by Bassom and Hall (1991). They demonstrated that crossflow tends to stabilise the most unstable Gortler mode, and for certain crossflow/frequency combinations the Gortler mode may be made neutrally stable. These vortex configurations naturally lend themselves to a weakly nonlinear stability analysis; work which is described in a previous article by the present authors. Here we extend the ideas of Denier and Hall (1992) to the three-dimensional boundary layer problem. It is found that the numerical solution of the fully nonlinear equations is best conducted using a method which is essentially an adaption of that utilised by Denier and Hall (1992). The influence of crossflow and unsteadiness upon the breakdown of the flow is described.