Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A stringent analysis of polyphosphate dynamics in E. coli

: 11 12 During stress, bacterial cells activate a conserved pathway called the stringent response that 13 promotes survival. Polyphosphates are long chains of inorganic phosphates that modulate this 14 response in diverse bacterial species. In this issue (pgs. XXX-XXX)(1), Michael Gray provides an 15 important correction to the model of how polyphosphate accumulation is regulated during the 16 stringent response in E. coli. With other recent publications, this study provides a revised 17 framework for understanding how bacterial polyphosphate dynamics might be exploited in 18 infection control and industrial applications.
A Study of Initial Seeds Methods Comparison for K-Means Algorithm

Clustering method is divided into hierarchical clustering, partitioning clustering, and more. K-Means algorithm is one of partitioning clustering methods and is adequate to cluster a lot data rapidly and easily. The problem is it is too dependent on initial centers of clusters and needs the time of allocation and recalculation. We compare random method, max average distance method and triangle height method for selecting initial seeds in K-Means algorithm. It reduces total clustering time by minimizing the number of allocation and recalculation.
Is Chinese trade policy motivated by environmental concerns? and

This paper analyses whether China's export VAT rebates and export taxes are driven by environmental concerns. Since China struggles to enforce environmental regulation, trade policy can be used as a second-best environmental policy. In a general equilibrium model it is possible to show that the second-best export tax increases in a product's pollution intensity. The empirical analysis investigates whether the export tax equivalent of partial VAT rebates and export taxes are higher for products which are more pollution intensive along several dimensions. The results indicate that the VAT rebate rates are set in a way that discourages exports of water pollution intensive, SO 2 intensive and energy intensive products from 2007 on. Moreover, the conservation of natural resources such as minerals, metals, wood products and precious stones seems to be a key determinant of China's export VAT rebate rates. There is little evidence that export taxes are motivated by en- vironmental concerns. for the introduction of export taxes and restrictions. of descriptive nature do not employ an empirical analysis which would allow them to capture the importance of different motives. Our analysis investigates whether the VAT taxes and export taxes are higher for polluting products and resources, controlling for a range of non-environmental motives such as export taxes for raw materials in order to protect downstream producers and a terms of trade motive. This approach allows us to single out the importance of environmental motives.
Asymptotic distribution of poles and zeros of best rational approximants to $x^α$ on [0,1]

Let r;' E Rnn be the best rational approximant to f(x) = x'}, 1. > Q > 0, on [0,1] in the uniform norm. It is 'lfeli known that all poles aiid zeros of r~ lie on the negative a. "is lR<o. In the present paper we inveStigate the asymptotic distribution of these poles and zeros as n --x. In addition we determine the asymptotic distribution of the extreme points of the error nmction en = f -r~ on [0,1], and survey related convergence results.
Neurostimulation for the Treatment of Cluster Headache

Neurostimulation procedures have been introduced quite recently as an alternative treatment of intractable chronic headaches mainly because they are less invasive than the surgical ablative techniques used in the past years. We review the current neurostimulation approaches to the management of chronic cluster headache which is an extremely severe and debilitating trigeminoautonomic pain syndrome. The results of hypothalamic deep brain stimulation, occipital nerve stimulation and sphenopalatine ganglion stimulation are promising, but we do not know which is more effective, because these procedures are still investigational. Many other target are being were used and new devices are being developed.
Reply on the comment by X. Xue on “Towards the reconciliation of viscosity change and CO2-induced polymerization in silicate melt” by and Fabrice Gaillard Geology 38-47]

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Reply on the comment by X. Xue on “Towards the reconciliation of viscosity change and CO2-induced polymerization in silicate melt” by Yann Morizet, Michael Paris, David Sifré, Ida Di Carlo, Sandra Ory, and Fabrice Gaillard [chemical Geology 458, 38-47] Yann Morizet, Michaël Paris, David Sifré, Ida Di Carlo, Sandra Ory, Fabrice Gaillard
Bubble Bank ∗

The paper considers a bank, left to itself, outside of regulation and supervision. The stochastic model allows us to describe the parameters, which create conditions both for the formation of bubbles in the credit market and for the formation of stable banks with self-restrictive behavior that do not require regulatory intervention. The comparative statics of equilibria is studied with respect to the basic parameters of the model, a theoretical assessment is carried out of the probability of bank default based on the values of exogenous factors. Our main task is to evaluate a bank probability of default not by using an econometric empirical approach, but by using microeconomic modeling.
LncRNA CRNDE Promoted Colorectal Cancer Cells Reisitance To Paclitaxel Through Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

Rui Ma Ningxia Medical University Chuan-yang Yu Ningxia Medical University Xiang Tao Ningxia Medical University Zhi Yang Guangzhou First people’s Hospital Qi Huang The Biochip Research Center of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University Pei-dong You Ningxia Medical University Jin-hai Tian The Biochip Research Center of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University Jia Cao The Biochip Research Center of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University Jie Cao Guangzhou First people’s Hospital Li-bin Wang (  wanglibin007@126.com ) The Biochip Research Center of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University
Global Gene Expression Proﬁles of Bacillus subtilis Grown under Anaerobic Conditions

Bacillus subtilis can grow under anaerobic conditions, either with nitrate or nitrite as the electron acceptor or by fermentation. A DNA microarray containing 4,020 genes from this organism was constructed to explore anaerobic gene expression patterns on a genomic scale. When mRNA levels of aerobic and anaerobic cultures during exponential growth were compared, several hundred genes were observed to be induced or repressed under anaerobic conditions. These genes are involved in a variety of cell functions, including carbon metabolism, electron transport, iron uptake, antibiotic production, and stress response. Among the highly induced genes are not only those responsible for nitrate respiration and fermentation but also those of unknown function. Certain groups of genes were speciﬁcally regulated during anaerobic growth on nitrite, while others were primarily affected during fermentative growth, indicating a complex regulatory circuitry of anaerobic metabolism. RNase-free DNase. transcrip- tase, m g for
Development and optimization of a new method for direct extraction of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from 2 municipal wastewater using magnetic beads 3

The use of magnetic beads in the extraction of nucleic acids from wastewater is presented as an 43 approach to simplify extraction techniques for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral fragments in 44 wastewater. In particular, this paper describes the development and optimization of a direct 45 method for extracting SARS-CoV-2 RNA from municipal wastewater using magnetic beads. The 46 recovery efficiency of the method using Accuplex SARS-CoV-2 Positive Reference Material 47 (ASCV-2) was examined. Method factors assessed were sample volume, concentration of 48 magnetic bead mix, elution temperature, and water matrix (deionized (DI) water and 49 wastewater). The combination of optimized method parameters that resulted in the highest RNA 50 recovery in both DI water (26.0 ± 0.8%) and wastewater (11.8 ± 1.4%) was a sample volume of 51 1.0 mL, a magnetic beads concentration of 100 µL mL -1 sample, and an elution temperature of 60 52 °C. The performance of this optimized method was further assessed in recovery experiments 53 using wastewater samples spiked at 1.8x10 6 and 1.8x10 4 gene copies L -1 (GU L -1 ) with Gamma 54 Inactivated SARS-COV-2 (GI-SCV-2) and 1.0x10 6 and 1.0x10 4 infectious units L -1 of Human 55 Coronavirus 229E (HCV 229E) as viral surrogates. Recoveries of 86.1 and 4.6% were achieved 56 for wastewater samples spiked with GI-SCV-2 at low and high concentrations, respectively. In 57 assessing the effects of wastewater pre-filtration and addition of DL-Dithiothreitol (DTT, used to 58 inactivate RNases that may degrade RNA) on recovery efficiency of ASCV-2, the magnetic 59 bead-based extraction protocol performed optimally with unfiltered wastewater without DTT 60 (recovery = 17.4 ± 0.4%). The method limit of detection (MLOD) for ASCV-2 recovered from 61 pre-filtered wastewater was determined to be 4.6x10 4 GU L -1 (95% degree of confidence). Using 62 this optimized magnetic bead-based extraction protocol, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was 63 verified in wastewater collected from sewershed locations in Atlantic Canada. This emerging RNA extraction method is direct, rapid, and does not require the use of specialized equipment, thus offering advantageous application for laboratories with limited resources. As such, this method is an indispensable tool in the monitoring of wastewater for SARS-CoV-2 to potentially understand COVID-19 infection occurrence within communities and inform public health leaders.
COSMIC HISTORY OF THE INTEGRATED GALACTIC STELLAR INITIAL MASS FUNCTION: A SIMULATION STUDY

Theoretical and indirect observational evidence suggests that the stellar initial mass function (IMF) increases with redshift. On the other hand, star formation rates (SFRs) may be as high as 100 M ⊙ ? > yr−1 in starburst galaxies. These may lead to the formation of massive clusters, hence massive stars, making the integrated galactic stellar initial mass function (IGIMF) top-heavy (i.e., the proportion of massive stars is higher than that of less massive stars). We investigate the joint effect of evolving the IMF and several measures of SFRs in dependence on the galaxy-wide IMF. The resulting IGIMFs have slopes &agr; 2 , IGIMF ? > in the high-mass regime, which is highly dependent on the minimum mass of the embedded cluster ( M ecl , min ? > ), SFR, and mass-spectrum indices of embedded clusters (β). It is found that for z ∼ 0–2, &agr; 2 , IGIMF ? > becomes steeper (i.e., bottom-heavy), for z ∼ 2–4, &agr; 2 , IGIMF ? > becomes flatter (i.e., top-heavy ), and from z ∼ 4 onward, &agr; 2 , IGIMF ? > again becomes steeper. The effects are faster for higher values of β. &agr; 2 , IGIMF ? > is also for higher values of M ecl , min ? > . All of these effects may be attributable to the joint effect of increasing the temperature of the ambient medium as well as varying the SFR with increasing redshift.
Exergetic Costs for Thermal Systems Exergetic Costs for Thermal Systems

Exergy costing to estimate the unit cost of products from various power plants and refrigeration system is discussed based on modified-productive structure analysis (MOPSA) method. MOPSA method provides explicit equations from which quick esti- mation of the unit cost of products produced in various power plants is possible. The unit cost of electricity generated by the gas-turbine power plant is proportional to the fuel cost and inversely proportional to the exergetic efficiency of the plant and is affected by the ratio of the monetary flow rate of non-fuel items to the monetary flow rate of fuel. On the other hand, the unit cost of electricity from the organic Rankine cycle power plant with heat source as fuel is proportional to the unit cost of heat and the ratio of the monetary flow rate of non-fuel items to the generated electric power, indepen-dently. For refrigeration system, the unit cost of heat is proportional to the consumed electricity and inversely proportional to the coefficient of performance of the system, and is affected by the ratio of the monetary flow rate of non-fuel items to the monetary flow rate of consumed electricity.
PERCEPTION AND ACCEPTABILITY OF CERVICAL RIPENING AND INDUCTION OF LABOUR AMONG WOMEN ATTENDING ANTENATAL CARE IN USMANU

Background: Induction of labour is the one of the most important intervention in obstetrics practice. It is the initiation of uterine contraction after age of viability with intact foetal membranes with the aim of achieving vaginal delivery. Aim of The Study: The aim of this study was to assess perception and acceptability of cervical ripening and induction of labour among women attending antenatal care at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study involving 316 pregnant women seen at the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching hospital Sokoto from 1 st June to 31 st August 2017. They were interviewed using self/interviewer administered questionnaire. The questionnaire contained items on sociodemographic characteristics, reproductive profile, and assessments of awareness, perception and acceptability of cervical ripening and induction of labour. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 22 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA). Level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The majority of respondents were between 25 and 29 years; among them 63.3% were Hausa and 70.6% were Muslims. Most of the respondents were multigravidae. Majority of the respondents (73.1%) were aware of cervical ripening and induction of labour. Their main source of information was from their friends. Overall perception was 64.6% and only 31.6% were willing to accept the procedure if indicated. Most respondents (54.2%) would reject the procedure because they thought it was painful. The awareness of cervical ripening and induction of labour was good but the perception and acceptability of the procedure was low among the women attending antenatal care at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital. Regular and proper counselling is recommended in order to correct wrong perceptions and to further increase acceptability of cervical ripening and induction of labour when indicated.
THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF INNOVATION PERFORMANCE ON EXTERNAL SUSTAINABLE MANUFACTURING PRACTICE AND SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY LINKAGE

This paper analyzes the mediating effect of four dimensions of innovation performance (IP) namely product innovation, process innovation, organizational innovation, and marketing innovation on the relationship between external sustainable manufacturing practice (external SMP) and social sustainability. Employing partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) approach, the survey data collected via mailed questionnaire were analyzed. In total, 150 responses were obtained from manufacturing firms in Malaysia with a diverse range of industries. Out of four dimensions of IP, the empirical results indicate that organizational innovation performance is the single significant mediator on the causal linkage between external SMP and social sustainability. While providing a clearer picture of the interrelationship among external SMP, IP, and social sustainability, the results of this study could help owners and managers in assessing their firm performance particularly related to social sustainability and innovation performance as well as identify the strength and weaknesses of their current practices. In addition, the findings of this study could provide an important source of information for government and other policy makers in promoting social sustainability awareness and external SMP implementation particularly among firms in manufacturing industries.
Measuring Inefficiency in Public Utilities: Does the Distribution Matter?

In this paper we describe two of the most used distributions for the inefficiency term in a stochastic frontier: the Half Normal and the Exponential distributions. We then show that both distributions affect the skewness of the composite error term in different ways, which make the Exponential distribution more inclined to identifying a larger number of efficient firms. In order to check these results we perform MOLS and ML, using four databases already used in previous work. We find that the mean efficiency is sensitive to the assumed distribution. In all cases we corroborate that the Exponential distribution identifies a larger number of efficient firms than the Half Normal, as the theory predicted. However, the rankings of firms by efficiency scores were not affected by the choice of distribution.
Comparative Evaluation of Proﬁles of Antibodies to Mycobacterial Capsular Polysaccharides in Tuberculosis Patients and Controls Stratiﬁed by HIV Status

Despite the complexity of tuberculosis (TB) serology, antibodies (Abs) remain attractive biomarkers for TB. Recent evidence of a mycobacterial capsule that consists mainly of the polysaccharides arabinomannan (AM) and glucan provides new options for serologic targets. For this study, Ab responses to AM and glucan for 47 U.S. TB patients (33 HIV negative [HIV (cid:1) ], 14 HIV positive [HIV (cid:2) ]), 42 healthy controls, and 38 asymptomatic HIV (cid:2) controls were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). The results were compared with Ab responses to the mycobacterial glycolipid cell wall antigen lipoarabinomannan (LAM) and to the proteins malate synthase (MS) and MPT51. We found that the main immunoglobulin (Ig) isotype response to polysaccharides was IgG, predominantly of subclass IgG2. IgG responses to AM were signiﬁcantly higher for HIV (cid:1) and HIV (cid:2) TB cases than for controls ( P , < 0.0001 and < 0.01, respectively); signiﬁcantly higher for HIV (cid:1) than for HIV (cid:2) TB cases ( P , < 0.01); and signiﬁcantly higher in sputum smear-positive than smear-negative patients in both HIV (cid:1) and HIV (cid:2) cases ( P , 0.01 and 0.02, respectively). In both TB groups, titers of Ab to glucan were signiﬁcantly lower than titers of Ab to AM ( P , < 0.0001). IgG responses to AM and MS or to AM and MPT51 did not correlate with each other in HIV (cid:1) TB patients, while they correlated signiﬁcantly in HIV (cid:2) TB patients ( P , 0.01 and 0.05, respectively). We conclude that Ab responses to AM could contribute to the serodiagnosis of TB, especially for HIV (cid:1) TB patients. This study also provides new and important insights into the differences in the proﬁles of Abs to mycobacterial antigens between HIV (cid:1) and HIV (cid:2) TB patients.
PII: S1010-7940(01)01136-8

Distinction between non-invasive and invasive thymomas is almost impossible by histologic examination alone, because the morphology of invasive thymoma does not significantly differ from that of non-invasive thymoma [1,2]. However, tumor invasiveness is regarded as the most important factor affecting survival in thymoma [3]. In the present study, we examined the expression of some cancer-related proteins in thymoma by immunohistochemistry to determine whether the expression of these proteins is different between non-invasive and invasive thymomas.
functions and perturbation series: Simple tools for convergence of diverging series in O ( n )-symmetric φ 4 ﬁeld theory at weak coupling limit

We determine universal critical exponents that describe the continuous phase transitions in diﬀerent dimensions of space. We use continued functions without any external unknown parameters to obtain analytic continuation for the recently derived 7-loop weak coupling (cid:15) -expansions from O ( n )-symmetric φ 4 ﬁeld theory. Employing a new blended continued function, we obtain critical exponent α = − 0 . 0121(22) for the phase transition of superﬂuid helium which matches closely with the most accurate experimental value. This result addresses the long-standing discrepancy between the theoretical predictions and precise experimental result of O (2) φ 4 model known as ” λ -point speciﬁc heat experimental anomaly”. Further we have also examined the applicability of such continued functions in other examples of ﬁeld theories.
HOW CAN TASK-BASED LANGUAGE TEACHING ENHANCE

This paper will consider whether applying Task-based approach at HCM City University of covered four terms, including 180 periods and the subjects are the same students from course 42 at University of Economics, HCM City. The majority of students are in low intermediate to intermediate level. The main course book is Business English course book- Market Leader-3rd edition- by David Cotton, David Falvey & Simon Kent (Pre-intermediate &Intermediate). After finishing every unit in the course book, the students are asked to present a real-life case study based on what they have learned. To prepare for their presentation, the students need to work in group in order to plan a project. A questionnaire and tests are used in the research to measure if the new method really works in our own context. From the outcome of the research, the Task-skills, especially the speaking skill.
Good intentions getting out of hand

: To date, the focus of research on guidelines has been directed toward professionals, and hospitals have merely served as the context. Little research has been performed on the dilemmas of guideline adherence in hospitals, as a setting in which multiple professional guidelines have to be implemented simultaneously; also, it is still unclear which clinical guidelines have to be aligned with other external demands, such as rules, regulations, standards, indicators, norms, and so on. Hence, different ways of studying the issue of guideline implementation are called for.
ON REDSHIFTS AND BLUESHIFTS IN THE TRANSITION REGION AND CORONA

Emission lines formed in the transition region (TR) of the Sun have long been known to show pervasive redshifts. Despite a variety of proposed explanations, these TR downflows (and the slight upflows in the low corona) remain poorly understood. We present results from comprehensive three-dimensional MHD models that span the upper convection zone up to the corona, 15 Mm above the photosphere. The TR and coronal heating in these models is caused by the stressing of the magnetic field by photospheric and convection “zone dynamics,” but also in some models by the injection of emerging magnetic flux. We show that rapid, episodic heating, at low heights of the upper chromospheric plasma to coronal temperatures naturally produces downflows in TR lines, and slight upflows in low coronal lines, with similar amplitudes to those observed with EUV/UV spectrographs. We find that TR redshifts naturally arise in episodically heated models where the average volumetric heating scale height lies between that of the chromospheric pressure scale height of 200 km and the coronal scale height of 50 Mm.