Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Environment friendly revolution in home appliances

In home appliances, electrical energy is optimally controlled by using power electronics technology, creating a comfortable environment in terms of energy saving, low sound generation, and reduced time consumption. At present, this technology has been expanding the range of its applications and leading environment friendly revolution in home appliances. This paper describes an ultra low-noise washing machine with direct drive motor, an energy saving inverter refrigerator with twin-evaporator, a high efficiency microwave oven, a high output power induction heating rice cooker, and a twin-burner induction heating range.
A SUMMARY OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT INFORMATION GATHERED FROM LITERATURE, WEB SITES, AND STATE DEPARTMENTS OF TRANSPORTATION

This product documents the information gathered and reviewed by the research team during the initial task of this project. The assessment of knowledge management state-of-the-art included a review of books, technical papers, articles, web sites, and software products. In addition, the research team interviewed knowledge management program planners from the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation and the Virginia Department of Transportation. The purpose of this review was to assure that the Texas Department of Transportation and the research team benefit from earlier knowledge management concept development as well as the experiences of others.
Adaptive Graph-Constrained Group Testing

This paper considers the problem of adaptive group testing for isolating up to <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math></inline-formula> defective items from a population of size <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$</tex-math></inline-formula>. There exist restrictions or preferences which determine how the items can be pooled for testing. A graphical model formalizes the pooling restrictions and preferences. Such graph-constrained group testing is investigated in three settings: populations with defectives, populations facing the potential presence of inhibitors, and populations with community structures. Adaptive group testing frameworks are provided for each setting. In populations without inhibitors, existing non adaptive frameworks can isolate the defective items perfectly with <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Theta(k \log n/k)$</tex-math></inline-formula> number of tests, where is the<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\beta$</tex-math></inline-formula>-mixing time of a random walk over the underlying graph. This paper provides a two-stage framework that can perfectly isolate up to <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math></inline-formula> defective items for a regular graph using <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Theta(k2 \log n k + k)$</tex-math></inline-formula> number of tests, thus achieving an approximate gain of a factor of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$</tex-math></inline-formula> over the non-adaptive frameworks. This twostage framework's principles are extended to community-structured graphs and graphs with up to <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$r$</tex-math></inline-formula> inhibitor items. In particular, when inhibitors are present in the graph, a four-stage group testing framework is proposed. The results show that in the regime <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$r= O(k)$</tex-math></inline-formula> for a fully connected graph, <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Theta ((k+r)\log n/(k+r) + r\log n)$</tex-math></inline-formula> tests are sufficient for isolating the defective items. This matches the corresponding necessary condition on tests which scales <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(k+r)\log n$</tex-math></inline-formula>. The adaptive graphconstrained group testing framework is also empirically evaluated.
Antimicrobial Activity of Snake β-Defensins and Derived Peptides

β-defensins are antimicrobial peptides presenting in vertebrate animals. They participate in innate immunity, but little is known about them in reptiles, including snakes. Although several β-defensin genes were described in Brazilian snakes, their function is still unknown. The peptide sequence from these genes was deduced, and synthetic peptides (with approximately 40 amino acids and derived peptides) were tested against pathogenic bacteria and fungi using microbroth dilution assays. The linear peptides, derived from β-defensins, were designed applying the bioisosterism strategy. The linear β-defensins were more active against Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, Citrobacter freundii, and Staphylococcus aureus. The derived peptides (7–14 mer) showed antibacterial activity against those bacteria and on Klebsiella pneumoniae. Nonetheless, they did not present activity against Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Trychophyton rubrum, and Aspergillus fumigatus showing that the cysteine substitution to serine is deleterious to antifungal properties. Tryptophan residue showed to be necessary to improve antibacterial activity. Even though the studied snake β-defensins do not have high antimicrobial activity, they proved to be attractive as template molecules for the development of antibiotics.
Radon in Underground Mines

Radon, a radioactive noble gas, is a decay product of uranium found in varying concentrations in all soils and rocks in the earth crust. It is colorless, odorless, tasteless, and a leading cause of lung cancer death in the USA. A study of underground miners shows that 40% of lung cancer deaths may be due to radon progeny exposure. In underground mines, radon monitoring and exposure standards help in limiting miners’ exposure to radioactivity. Radon mitigation techniques play an important role in keeping its concentration levels under permissible limits. This chapter presents a review of the radon sources and monitoring standards followed for underground mines in the USA. Also, the different radon prediction and measurement techniques employed in the underground mines and potential mitigation techniques for underground mining operations are discussed.
DEVELOPMENT OF A REALISTIC DRIVING BEHAVIOR BY MEANS OF FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM

Realistic traffic flow simulation is possible when the vehicles inside the simulation are able to mimic human driving behavior. In view of this, this paper will discuss the implementation of fuzzy logic inside the Behavior Model framework with the intention to develop intelligent simulated vehicles. This Behavior Model consists of three different units, namely; Vision and Perception, Decision and Motion Control Unit. Vision and Perception Unit acts as the eyes for the intelligent vehicle. Decision Unit will decide the maneuvering decision. Finally, Motion Control Unit will transfer the decision into motion. However, the implementation of fuzzy logic with the integration of fuzzy rules and defuzzification techniques is done in the first and second units. This Behavior Model is controlled by two sets of fuzzy inference systems (FIS) which are free flow vehicles following and changing lanes. The finding of this research shows that the Behavior Model with fuzzy logic is able to create an intelligent vehicle that is able to self-maneuveri inside the traffic flows, realistically.
Challenges Regarding Management Practice Of Cement On Construction Sites North-Eastern Nigeria

Cement management is particularly problematicby selected contractors in Maiduguri.This paper is written to fill a void created by the absence of proper cement management on construction sites. To managing a productive cost efficient and site efficient cement management is very essential.Research showed that, 89%, of the contractors manage and concentrate on cement operations on the site; 37.1% of the contractors employ qualified stores operation officers; 71% of the contractors calculate the quantity of cement required before purchasing; 27.7% of the contractors have poor mechanisms in place to engage cement suppliers; 78.9% of the contractors experience delay in cement delivery; 90.6% of the contractors inspect cement on arrival to site; 78.9% of the contractors s in terms of protecting cement from damage during storage; 41.2% of the contractors have average mechanisms in place to reduce wastage of cement on site; 86.6% of the contractors have enough mechanisms in place to protect cement from theft on site. From the results, it was concluded generally, management practices of cement is poor. The poor performance were resulted from contractors profits are eroded and they devise sharp practices using poor quality and inadequate quantity of materials to execute jobs. This practices lead to project failures, early maintenance needs and cost overruns from the clients" stance.Therefore the proper management can improve the productivity and cost efficiency of acement management to achieve better project delivery.
Effects of supplementation of probiotics instead of antibiotics to broiler diet on growth performance, nutrient retention, and cecal microbiology

Objectives: The research was carried out on broilers to determine the efficacy of probiotics (Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces boulardii combined) supplementation on growth performances, nutrient retention (metabolizable energy, dry matter, and crude protein), and cecal microbiology (Bifidobacteria spp., Clostridium spp., and coliforms). Materials and Methods: A total of 160 broiler chicks (day-old) were selected and differentiated randomly into 4 groups (T0, T1, T2, and T3) (40 × 4) comprising 40 birds in every single group. The control group (T0) was fed commercial broiler feed only and the other three groups, referred to as treatment groups (T1, T2, and T3), were treated with 1 gm ciprofloxacin, 1 gm probiotic, and 1 gm probiotic plus 0.5 gm enzyme, respectively, in per liter of fresh dietary water 8 h daily for 7 days in each phase. Experimental trials were divided into 2 phases, the starter phase from day 0 to 21 and the finisher phase from day 22 to 35. Results: Bodyweight gain and nutrient retention in experimental broiler birds in treatment groups were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the control group. Overall body weight gain and nutrient retention of broiler chicks in treatment groups T2 and T3 were better than T1. From day 22 to 35, cecal Clostridium and coliform bacterial load counts were significantly lower p < 0.01, p < 0.05, and p < 0.01, respectively, in T1, T2, and T3 treatments than T0. Overall, Clostridium and coliform bacterial counts in the birds of treatment group T2 were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than T0. Conclusion: The probiotics, in addition to enzyme supplementation, had suitable influence effects on growth performance of broilers, birds retention of nutrient, and microfloral count in birds’ cecum.
Artificial lift management recommendations and suggestions of best practices

Artificial lift systems (ALS) play an important role during the oil field production process. The selection, acquisition, installation, evaluation, monitoring and subsequent inspection of these systems involves different stakeholders, including the companies and different sectors therein. When you add factors such as field location, local culture and the experience of the companies in the area, understanding and analyzing each of the factors is critical not only to maximize the life of a specific ALS, but also to maximize and optimize field production in an efficient, effective manner. Another important factor to consider is the dynamic of developing new oil fields or those affected by different EOR technologies, such as secondary recovery by water injection, where field requirements and conditions change on a continuous basis. This paper presents concepts and recommendations regarding the management of ALS during the productive life of an oil field, contemplating the criteria of selection, acquisition, installation, evaluation and monitoring, as well as the subsequent inspection thereof. The issues analyzed herein also involve concepts related to operating as well as service companies and sectors involved in acquisition, evaluation and monitoring, among others. It also mentions definitions of the roles, functions and competencies required to live up to the challenges posed by these systems.
Evaluation of Microleakage of Micro Hybrid Composite Resins versus Chitosan-Incorporated Composite Resins When Restored in Class V Cavities Using Total Etch and Self-Etch Adhesives: An In vitro Study

Aim: To evaluate the in-vitro microleakage of traditional micro hybrid composite resin and 0.2% chitosan-incorporated composite resin when restored in Class V cavities using total etch versus self-etch adhesives after storing in artificial saliva for 24 h. Materials and Methodology: Sixty permanent maxillary premolars collected and Class V cavities were prepared on buccal surface of each tooth (dimensions: mesio-distally 3 mm, occluso cervically 2 mm, and depth of 1.5 mm) and restored with Group 1: micro hybrid (30 teeth) and Group 2: chitosan-incorporated composite (30 teeth), which was further subdivided into: (a) 15 teeth using total-etch adhesives. (b) 15 teeth using self-etch adhesives. Next dye extraction test was carried out using spectrophotometer. Results: Comparison within groups: In Group 1: Self-etch demonstrated less microleakage (0.0129) compared with total etch (0.0183). The difference was statistically significant, and in Group 2: No statistically significant difference was found in mean microleakage scores after using either self-etch (0.0118) or total etch adhesives (0.0120). Conclusion: It can be concluded that chitosan-incorporated composite seems to have improved mechanical properties with a stable bond when used with either self-etch or total etch adhesives in addition to being antibacterial. It may be clinically useful in restoring Class V cavities in patients with high caries risk. However, further in vitro and in-vivo studies need to be carried out.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES IN CHOOSING A PERSONAL COMPUTER OR A LAPTOP

The computer is a great human invention, with which you can do everything, from solving various examples to creating professional programs that will help the man himself later. The first modern computer was created only in the middle of the XX century by the German engineer Konrad Zuse[3]. The appearance of such a computer was disgusting, as if in front of you a big box
Remote Sensing of solar surface radiation – A reflection of concepts, applications and input data based on experience with the effective cloud albedo

Abstract. Accurate solar surface irradiance data (SSI) is a prerequisite for efficient planning and operation of solar energy sys- tems. Respective data are also essential for climate monitoring and analysis. Satellite-based SSI has grown in importance over the last few decades. However, a retrieval method is needed to relate the measured radiances at the satellite to the solar surface irradiance. In a widespread classical approach, these radiances are used directly to derive the effective cloud albedo (CAL) as basis for the estimation of the solar surface irradiance. This approach has been already introduced and discussed in the early 1980s. Various approaches are briefly discussed and analyzed, including an overview of open questions and opportunities for improvement. Special emphasis is placed on the reflection of fundamental physical laws and atmospheric measurement tech- niques. In addition, atmospheric input data and key applications are briefly discussed. It is concluded that the well established observational-based CAL approach is still an excellent choice for the retrieval of the cloud transmission. The coupling with Look-Up-Table based clear sky models enables the estimation of solar surface irradiance with high accuracy and homogeneity. This could explain why, despite its age, the direct CAL approach is still used by key players in energy meteorology and the climate community. For the clear sky input data it is recommended to use ECMWF forecast and reanalysis data.
Charge transport in organic and polymer thin-film transistors: recent issues

Interest in organic and polymer thin film transistors (OTFTs and PTFTs; hereafter both are called PTFTs) has grown rapidly in the last decade. However, the theory of charge transport in PTFTs lags experiments, so it is difficult to provide the required feedback to device designers and technologists. Therefore, the authors present an analysis of charge transport in PTFTs. It is based on extensive published theoretical and experimental material. The discussion includes examples exploring the trend in experimental results. It is noted that because of the similarity in device structures and current-voltage characteristics between PTFTs and inorganic metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) field-effect transistors (FETs), the MOS theory and model have been used extensively in analysing the properties of PTFTs. The MOS model has also been significantly modified to obtain agreement with experiments, and these modifications are discussed. However, recent experimental data from state-of-the-art PTFTs reveal that even the adapted MOS model cannot reliably describe the charge transport in PTFTs, because important PTFT properties such as charge injection or charge build-up result in unrealistic values for several physical parameters (e.g. trap concentrations or time constants) in the adapted MOS model. Therefore, the injection-drift limited model (IDLM) is introduced in this work in an attempt to bring the theory of charge transport and the experimental data closer. The IDLM incorporates the important charge transport phenomena in PTFTs injection, drift and charge build-up. The paper concludes with a discussion of unsolved problems in charge transport in PTFTs.
Ransomware Detection, Avoidance, and Mitigation Scheme: A Review and Future Directions

Ransomware attacks have emerged as a major cyber-security threat wherein user data is encrypted upon system infection. Latest Ransomware strands using advanced obfuscation techniques along with offline C2 Server capabilities are hitting Individual users and big corporations alike. This problem has caused business disruption and, of course, financial loss. Since there is no such consolidated framework that can classify, detect and mitigate Ransomware attacks in one go, we are motivated to present Detection Avoidance Mitigation (DAM), a theoretical framework to review and classify techniques, tools, and strategies to detect, avoid and mitigate Ransomware. We have thoroughly investigated different scenarios and compared already existing state of the art review research against ours. The case study of the infamous Djvu Ransomware is incorporated to illustrate the modus-operandi of the latest Ransomware strands, including some suggestions to contain its spread.
Traffic-flow forecasting using a 3-stage model

During the past few years, various traffic-flow forecasting models, i.e. an ARIMA, an ANN, and so on, have been developed to predict more accurate traffic flow. However, these strategies rest on the assumption that the pattern that has been identified will continue into the future. So ARIMA or ANN models with its traditional architecture cannot be expected to give good predictions unless this assumption is valid. In this paper, we compared with an ANN model and ARIMA model and tried to combine an ARIMA model and ANN model for obtaining a better forecasting performance. In addition to combining two models, we also introduced judgmental adjustment technique that has an effect on correcting irregular and infrequent future events. Our approach can improve the forecasting power in traffic flow. To prove it, we have compared the performance of the models.
Mapping the mental space of emotional concepts through kinematic measures of decision uncertainty

Emotional concepts and their mental representations have been extensively studied. Yet, some ecologically relevant aspects, such as how they are processed in ambiguous contexts (e.g., in relation to other emotional stimuli that share similar characteristics), are incompletely known. We employed a similarity judgement of emotional concepts and manipulated the contextual congruency of the responses along the two main affective dimensions of hedonic valence and physiological activation, respectively. Behavioural and kinematics (mouse-tracking) measures were combined to gather a novel ‘similarity index’ between emotional concepts, to derive topographical maps of their mental representations. Self-report (interoceptive sensibility, positive–negative affectivity, depression) and physiological measures (heart rate variability, HRV) have been collected to explore their possible association with emotional conceptual representation. Results indicate that emotional concepts typically associated with low arousal profit by contextual congruency, with faster responses and reduced uncertainty when contextual ambiguity decreases. The emotional maps recreate two almost orthogonal axes of valence and arousal, and the similarity measure captures the smooth boundaries between emotions. The emotional map of a subgroup of individuals with low positive affectivity reveals a narrower conceptual distribution, with variations in positive emotions and in individuals with reduced arousal (such as those with reduced HRV). Our work introduces a novel methodology to study emotional conceptual representations, bringing the behavioural dynamics of decision-making processes and choice uncertainty into the affective domain. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Concepts in interaction: social engagement and inner experiences’.
A full bridge soft switched telecom power supply with a current doubler rectifier

This paper presents a full bridge soft switched PWM telecom power supply with a current doubler rectifier. The full bridge PWM DC-to-DC power converter offers high power handling capability, minimum VA ratings for the main devices, no additional auxiliary components and simple PWM-based control strategy. Phase shift control is employed to regulate the output voltage and achieve soft switching. The transformer leakage inductance is utilized effectively to achieve zero voltage turn-on for the main devices. The current doubler rectifier has only one diode conduction drop in addition to frequency doubling in the output capacitor. The transformer secondary winding current rating is one half the load current which improves the overall efficiency of the power converter.
Study of Different Levels for Sentiment Analysis

With the evolution of web technology, online shopping has become very popular as it is convenient and time saving. It also provides platform to share experiences and provide feedback. These opinions reflect whether the product is good or bad and helps to make decisions by potential customers. Sentiment analysis is the procedure by which information can be extracted from these reviews, analyzed and categorized as positive, negative or neutral. It is the combination of natural language processing and information extraction system. Main goal of Sentiment analysis is to train computer to be able to understand, recognize and generate emotions. This paper gives an overview of different levels on which sentiment analysis can be performed.