Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ASPECT EXTRACTION & SEGMENTATION IN OPINION MINING

Opinion mining or sentiment analysis is the computational study of people's opinions, appraisals, attitudes, and emotions towards their aspects. Opinion mining is one of the significant areas of research in Web mining and Natural Language Processing (NLP) recently. With the growth of e-commerce, web documents are increasingly being used for decision making by individuals and organizations. This paper focuses on the identification of aspects related to customer opinions. Most of the recent works concentrate on explicit aspects only. Very few of them have dealt with implicit aspects. Here both explicit as well as implicit aspect is considered. A multi aspect review sentence will be segmented into multiple single aspects by segmentation because different opinions can be expressed on multiple aspects simultaneously in the same review. Opinions are polled to determine positive or negative comments for efficient decision making.
Longer daylengths associated with poleward range shifts accelerate aphid extinction by parasitoid wasps

Climate change is causing the poleward range‐shift of many species, with consequent modifications to daylight regimes and potential impacts on light‐cycle activity patterns and ecological interactions. Day‐active parasitoids experiencing longer summer days associated with a poleward range shift display increased attack rates on their aphid hosts and have higher lifetime fecundity. Theory consequently predicts that with increasing photoperiod, host–parasitoid interactions would become less stable with more variable population densities and increased extinction probability. To test this prediction empirically, we conducted a multigenerational aphid‐parasitoid microcosm experiment in which we followed population dynamics under 14 and 18 h daylight treatments. As predicted, we found an increased extinction rate of both aphids and parasitoids with longer daylengths. The long‐day treatments also exhibited higher temporal variation in parasitoid numbers and increased cumulative parasitoid population size, consistent with the prediction that increased aphid extinctions are due to increased parasitoid attack rates. Our results demonstrate that light regime can affect the dynamics of interacting species and potentially limit the co‐existence of hosts and parasitoids, as well as other trophically interacting taxa where activity patterns are dependent on the light regime. This highlights the importance of the rarely considered effect of changing daylight conditions associated with climate change–driven range shifts, which could limit poleward range shifts due to changing ecological interactions.
The Effect of Temperatures and Hosts on the Life Cycle of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Simple Summary Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an invasive worldwide agricultural pest that seriously threatens the safety of grain production. Temperatures and hosts play vital roles in the performance of S. frugiperda. In this study, we studied the effects of three different temperatures (20, 25, and 30 °C) and three different host plants (maize (Zea mays L. (Poaceae)), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), and coix seed (Coix lacryma-jobi L.)) on the whole life cycle of S. frugiperda. The results showed that both temperatures and host plants significantly influenced the mortality, developmental time, reproduction, and population parameters of FAW. In the treatment with host plants, the developmental period of S. frugiperda at each stage shortened significantly with the increasing of temperatures. At each temperature, the type of host plant did not affect the development time of S. frugiperda eggs. However, there was no significant difference when S. frugiperda 1st to 6th instar larvae were fed different host plants at 20 °C, while 2nd to 5th instar larvae developed rapidly on maize at 25 and 30 °C. Moreover, there were no significant differences in the longevity of FAW when fed sorghum and coix seed at 20 and 25 °C, but a significant difference in the longevity was observed at 30 °C. Feeding on maize achieved a higher intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), and net reproductive rate (R0) of S. frugiperda at 25 and 30 °C than those FAW fed on sorghum and coix seed. Abstract The interactions between ambient temperatures and host plants are central to the population dynamics of invasive animal species. Despite significant research into the effects of temperatures, the performance of invasive species is also influenced by host plants. The effects of different temperatures (20, 25, and 30 °C) and host plants (maize, sorghum, and coix seed) were tested on the mortality, development, reproduction, and population parameters of the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), using an age-stage, two-sex life table. The results support the hypothesis that temperature and the species of the host plant significantly influences the performance of FAW. Feeding on maize at 30 °C resulted in a lower mortality rate, a shorter developmental time and longevity, a higher fecundity, intrinsic rate of natural increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), and net reproductive rate (R0). However, at 20 °C, the host plant could eliminate temperature-mediated synergism in FAW performance, which did not reach statistical significance at 20 °C. Similar results induced by a relatively low temperature (20 °C) on different host plants were also found in the age-stage specific survival curves (sxj), fecundity (mx), maternity (lxmx), and reproductive value (vxj) curves of FAW. Consequently, we also need to pay more attention to FAW outbreaks on different host plants mediated by relatively low temperatures.
Both Gender and Agonistic Experience Affect Perceived Pain during the Cold Pressor Test

Background. Differences in pain perception in athletes have recently been highlighted in the literature. Objectives. To compare gender ratings of perceived pain in athletes with low and high agonistic experiences (N = 200) using the Cold Pressor Test (CPT). Methods. A three-way repeated measures ANOVA to assess both the effects of the athletes’ gender and lower vs. higher agonistic experiences in the intensity of perceived pain at the beginning of the cold box hand immersion (L0) and after a 90 s interval (L1). Results. There was a statistically significant interaction effect between the level of the agonistic experience and gender in the two moments: p < 0.001; ηp2 = 0.266; F(1,49) = 9.771. Simple main effects analysis showed a significative difference for females at L0: F(1,99) = 93.567, p < 0.025, partial η2 = 0.302) and for males at L1: F(1,99) = 173.420, p < 0.025, partial η2 = 0.666. At the initial moment of CPT, the female athletes showed significantly higher perceived intensity than males, regardless of their experience level. After a 90 s interval, a significantly lower pain perception effect associated with the increased competitive experience of male athletes was observed. Female athletes did not appear to benefit from the experience effect on their pain tolerance. Conclusions. The study confirmed a significant difference in pain perception associated with the athletes’ gender and agonistic experience. Separate explanations related to the pattern of pain inhibition and the acquired reduction in pain sensitivity are reported.
Couple Connectedness in the Time of COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in unprecedented global morbidity and mortality which altered people's daily lives, as well as created multiple societal challenges. One significant problem posed by this unique stressor is maintaining healthy intimate relationships, which are linked to mental and physical health. The literature has shown that the pandemic has exacerbated issues for couples such as financial difficulties, a lack of privacy, medical issues, and family and professional concerns. The pandemic has also forced all healthcare systems, hospitals, and clinics to quickly incorporate telehealth services. The number of requests for mental health consultations has risen to the point where demand exceeds supply. This paper provides an overview of ways couples can stay emotionally connected during this time as well as provide future directions for therapists to help couples develop or improve adaptive relationship mechanisms.
A Novel Activity Monitoring Device for Home Rehabilitation Applications

In this paper a novel activity monitoring device based on the measurement of the body accelerations is introduced. The device consists of a smart sensor platform integrating a tri-axial acceleration sensor, a GPS module, a barometric pressure sensor as well as the communication to a commercial heart rate monitor via the ANT protocol. According to the different sensors the device has the capabilities to perform an activity classification and quantification of the energy expenditure in outdoor as well as in indoor environments. Based on the acceleration measurement it is possible to estimate the locomotion speed. By means of several experimental setups the accuracy of the speed estimation is evaluated. Further a method for estimation of the energy expenditure based on the estimated locomotion speed is introduced, investigated and compared to a heart-rate based method. It turns out that the locomotion speed can be estimated quite accurately, but for the estimation of the energy expenditure the acceleration based method tends to overestimate the energy expenditure compared to the heart-rate based method.
This is SPATEM! A Spatial-Temporal Optimization Framework for Efficient Inference on ReRAM-based CNN Accelerator

Resistive memory-based computing-in-memory (CIM) has been considered as a promising solution to accelerate convolutional neural networks (CNN) inference, which stores the weights in crossbar memory arrays and performs in-situ matrix-vector multiplications (MVMs) in an analog manner. Several techniques assume that a whole crossbar can operate concurrently and discuss how to efficiently map the weights onto crossbar arrays. However, in practice, the accumulated effect of per-cell current deviation and Analog-to-Digital-Converter overhead may greatly degrade inference accuracy, which motivates the concept of Operation Unit (OU), by which an operation per cycle in a crossbar only involve limited wordlines and bitlines to preserve satisfactory inference accuracy. With OU-based operations, the mapping of weights and scheduling strategy for parallelizing CNN convolution operations should take the cost of communication overhead and resource utilization into consideration to optimize the inference acceleration. In this work, we propose the first optimization framework named SPATEM, that efficiently executes MVMs with OU-based operations on ReRAM-based CIM accelerators. It decouples the design space into tractable steps, models the expected inference latency, and derives an optimized spatial-temporal-aware scheduling strategy. By comparing with state-of-the-arts, the experimental result shows that the derived scheduling strategy of SPATEM achieves on average 29.24% inference latency reduction with 31.28% less communication overhead by exploiting more originally unused crossbar cells.
The Impact of Springtime‐Transported Air Pollutants on Local Air Quality With Satellite‐Constrained NOx Emission Adjustments Over East Asia

To quantify the impact of transported air pollutants on local air quality, this study applies an inverse modeling technique with tropospheric nitrogen dioxide column retrievals from TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument, and the CMAQ‐ISAM model, which computes source attribution over six regions of interest in spring 2019 over East Asia. Satellite‐constrained nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions successfully improve model performance by significantly reducing the normalized mean bias of concentrations of NOx, Ozone (O3), and PM2.5 from most regions in China and South Korea. Anticyclones over the Yellow Sea transport air pollutants and increase the contribution of emissions from adjacent regions to local air quality. Fluxes of air pollutants with posterior emissions showed notable enhancements in their magnitude by 3%–24% for NOy, O3, and PM2.5. The contributions of emissions from neighboring regions on local NOx and O3 budgets in the planetary boundary layer were 22.96%–35.24% and 24.23%–42.26%. The contribution of emissions from North Korea was notable despite its comparably lower emission rates. Regarding the impact of external influences on local air quality, the enhanced chemical loss of NOx compensated for increases by transport. Also, the increased vertical gradient of maximum daily 8‐hr average O3 amplified vertical transport and dry deposition processes in the opposite direction along with slight changes in the chemical net O3 production rate. This study shows the nonlinear response of local air quality to changes in the transport of air pollutants, which could be further investigated concerning changes in emissions and climatological factors that would modify the inflow of air pollutants.
High-voltage portable pulsed power supply fed by low voltage source

ABSTRACT This article proposes a new structure of voltage multiplier for portable pulsed power applications. In this configuration, which is based on capacitor-diode voltage multiplier, the capacitors are charged by low AC input voltage and discharge through the load in series during pulse generation mode. The proposed topology is achieved by integrating of solid-state switches with conventional voltage multiplier, which can increase the low input voltage step by step and generate high-voltage high-frequency pulsed power across the load. After some discussion, simulations and experimental results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed topology.
Motion Planning of Intelligent Manipulation by a Parallel Two-fingered Gripper Equipped with a Simple Rotation Mechanism

This paper describes a motion planning system for intelligent manipulations using a parallel two-fingered gripper which has multiple manipulation skills. The basic approach of this planning system is the state-space approach which is described in states and operators and solves problems by searching state-space from initial state to goal state. The operators correspond to the manipulation skills and transform a state into another state. This paper proposes the methods to define the operators and the states of the environment and to search the state-space. It can plan motions for intelligent manipulations by combining the manipulation skills according to the environment.The key idea behind this approach is to augment the handling ability of a parallel two-fingered gripper, instead of developing a difficult and complicated control method that uses a sophisticated but weak multi-fingered gripper. To actually implement this idea, we have developed a new, small and simple mechanism attached to a parallel two-fingered gripper. It can rotate an object around the axis between the finger tips by the mechanism in addition to picking, placing and sliding an object.
Using Machine Learning to Identify Patients at High Risk of Inappropriate Drug Dosing in Periods with Renal Dysfunction

Purpose Dosing of renally cleared drugs in patients with kidney failure often deviates from clinical guidelines, so we sought to elicit predictors of receiving inappropriate doses of renal risk drugs. Patients and methods We combined data from the Danish National Patient Register and in-hospital data on drug administrations and estimated glomerular filtration rates for admissions between 1 October 2009 and 1 June 2016, from a pool of about 2.6 million persons. We trained artificial neural network and linear logistic ridge regression models to predict the risk of five outcomes (>0, ≥1, ≥2, ≥3 and ≥5 inappropriate doses daily) with index set 24 hours after admission. We used time-series validation for evaluating discrimination, calibration, clinical utility and explanations. Results Of 52,451 admissions included, 42,250 (81%) were used for model development. The median age was 77 years; 50% of admissions were of women. ≥5 drugs were used between admission start and index in 23,124 admissions (44%); the most common drug classes were analgesics, systemic antibacterials, diuretics, antithrombotics, and antacids. The neural network models had better discriminative power (all AUROCs between 0.77 and 0.81) and were better calibrated than their linear counterparts. The main prediction drivers were use of anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and anti-Parkinson's drugs as well as having a diagnosis of chronic kidney failure. Sex and age affected predictions but slightly. Conclusion Our models can flag patients at high risk of receiving at least one inappropriate dose daily in a controlled in-silico setting. A prospective clinical study may confirm that this holds in real-life settings and translates into benefits in hard endpoints.
A simple AC-DC PWM full-bridge converter with integrated power factor correction

A simple AC-DC PWM converter that can perform isolated dc-dc conversion while shaping the input current to improve power factor is proposed in this paper. The converter is almost the same as a standard PWM full-bridge converter with a diode rectifier/LC low-pass filter input except for some slight modifications. The converter topology is therefore very simple, as is the method of control used to achieve both PFC and dc-dc conversion. In the paper, the operation of the converter is explained and analyzed, and the converter's steady-state characteristics are discussed. A design procedure for the selection of components is presented, then demonstrated with an example. The feasibility of the converter, and its ability to meet EN61000-3-2 Class D standards for electrical equipment is shown with results obtained from an experimental prototype.
Optical Spectrometry to Determine Nutrient Concentrations and other Physicochemical Parameters in Liquid Organic Manures: A Review

Nutrient concentrations in livestock manures and biogas digestates show a huge variability due to disparities in animal husbandry systems concerning animal species, feed composition, etc. Therefore, a nutrient estimation based on recommendation tables is not reliable when the exact chemical composition is needed. The alternative, to analyse representative fertilizer samples in a standard laboratory, is too time- and cost-intensive to be an accepted routine method for farmers. However, precise knowledge about the actual nutrient concentrations in liquid organic fertilizers is a prerequisite to ensure optimal nutrient supply for growing crops and on the other hand to avoid environmental problems caused by overfertilization. Therefore, spectrometric methods receive increasing attention as fast and low-cost alternatives. This review summarizes the present state of research based on optical spectrometry used at laboratory and field scale for predicting several parameters of liquid organic manures. It emphasizes three categories: (1) physicochemical parameters, e.g., dry matter, pH, and electrical conductivity; (2) main plant nutrients, i.e., total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and sulfur; and (3) micronutrients, i.e., manganese, iron, copper, and zinc. Furthermore, the commonly used sample preparation techniques, spectrometer types, measuring modes, and chemometric methods are presented. The primarily promising scientific results of the last 30 years contributed to the fact that near-infrared spectrometry (NIRS) was established in commercial laboratories as an alternative method to wet chemical standard methods. Furthermore, companies developed technical setups using NIRS for on-line applications of liquid organic manures. Thus, NIRS seems to have evolved to a competitive measurement procedure, although parts of this technique still need to be improved to ensure sufficient accuracy, especially in quality management.
An effective approach to enhance the balancing control in bycycorobot using the soft computing techniques

The balancing and control of bycycorobot is a challenging task. The pre - specified controller available in the literature for balancing has been reduced with novel optimization to improve the effectiveness of balancing, uncertainty, and the complexity of the complete system. The novel Harris hawk optimization (HHO) which is based on the hunting behavior of the h awk has been utilized to improve the balancing of the bycycorobot. The paper proposes the decreased order controller of a pre - specified controller for a bycycorobot. The obtained controller response with bycycorobot in the complete closed loop is analyzed, and the best performance is compared with the reduced order controller available in the literature. The comparison is based on the response indices and response characteristics.
Wide-beam spiral antenna with three folded arms fed by compact three-way Wilkinson power divider

A compact planar antenna is proposed for wide-beam applications with circular polarisation. The antenna has three multi-folded spiral arms fed by equal signals with 120° out of phase with respect to each other to produce a symmetrical radiation pattern. A compact feed network with a Wilkinson power divider is also designed to produce the required 120° phase difference for the inputs of antenna.
Unprecedented Summer Hypoxia in Southern Cape Cod Bay: An Ecological Response to Regional Climate Change?

Abstract. In late summer 2019 and 2020 bottom waters in southern Cape Cod Bay (CCB) became depleted in dissolved oxygen (DO), with documented benthic mortality in both years. Hypoxic conditions formed in relatively shallow water where the strong seasonal thermocline intersected the sea floor, both limiting vertical mixing and concentrating biological oxygen demand (BOD) over a very thin bottom boundary layer. In both 2019 and 2020, anomalously high sub-surface phytoplankton blooms were observed, and the biomass from these blooms provided the fuel to deplete sub-pycnocline waters of DO. The increased chlorophyll fluorescence was accompanied by a corresponding decrease in sub-pycnocline nutrients, suggesting that prior to 2019 physical conditions were unfavorable for the utilization of these deep nutrients by the late summer phytoplankton community. It is hypothesized that significant alteration of physical conditions in CCB during late summer, which is the result of regional climate change, has favored the recent increase in sub-surface phytoplankton production. These changes include rapidly warming waters and significant shifts in summer wind direction, both of which impact the intensity and vertical distribution of thermal stratification and vertical mixing within the water column. These changes in water column structure are not only more susceptible to hypoxia, but also have significant implications for phytoplankton dynamics, potentially allowing for intense late summer blooms of Karenia mikimotoi, a species new to the area. K. mikimotoi had not been detected in CCB or adjacent waters prior to 2017, however increasing cell densities have been reported in subsequent years, consistent with a rapidly changing ecosystem.