Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NDMiner: accelerating graph pattern mining using near data processing

Graph Pattern Mining (GPM) algorithms mine structural patterns in graphs. The performance of GPM workloads is bottlenecked by control flow and memory stalls. This is because of data-dependent branches used in set intersection and difference operations that dominate the execution time. This paper first conducts a systematic GPM workload analysis and uncovers four new observations to inform the optimization effort. First, GPM workloads mostly fetch inputs of costly set operations from different memory banks. Second, to avoid redundant computation, modern GPM workloads employ symmetry breaking that discards several data reads, resulting in cache pollution and wasted DRAM bandwidth. Third, sparse pattern mining algorithms perform redundant memory reads and computations. Fourth, GPM workloads do not fully utilize the in-DRAM data parallelism. Based on these observations, this paper presents NDMiner, a Near Data Processing (NDP) architecture that improves the performance of GPM workloads. To reduce in-memory data transfer of fetching data from different memory banks, NDMiner integrates compute units to offload set operations in the buffer chip of DRAM. To alleviate the wasted memory bandwidth caused by symmetry breaking, NDMiner integrates a load elision unit in hardware that detects the satisfiability of symmetry breaking constraints and terminates unnecessary loads. To optimize the performance of sparse pattern mining, NDMiner employs compiler optimizations and maps reduced reads and composite computation to NDP hardware that improves algorithmic efficiency of sparse GPM. Finally, NDMiner proposes a new graph remapping scheme in memory and a hardware-based set operation reordering technique to best optimize bank, rank, and channel-level parallelism in DRAM. To orchestrate NDP computation, this paper presents design modifications at the host ISA, compiler, and memory controller. We compare the performance of NDMiner with state-of-the-art software and hardware baselines using a mix of dense and sparse GPM algorithms. Our evaluation shows that NDMiner significantly outperforms software and hardware baselines by 6.4X and 2.5X, on average, while incurring a negligible area overhead on CPU and DRAM.
Practices … in theory

Abstract When, in the mid‐1990s, we inquire as to de Certeau's place in contemporary theory, we might well reflect on ‘the circumstances’ within which his ‘science of singularities’ initially resonated. Those circumstances, we note today, necessarily included and continue to include a ‘for whom? ’ as well as a ‘to what end? ’ Looking back at those circumstances from here, that is, from my teacherly‐theorising‐writerly perspective on ‘new performance's’ place within the Theatre and/or Performance Studies frame in the institution of higher education, it is tempting—initially (and nostalgically)—to declare that ‘nothing much has changed’. Nothing much—except the ways in which the questions (concerning the relationship of writing to other practices) are put. But are not “the ways [questions are put]”, ('where? ’, ‘to whom? ’, ‘how? ’, ‘on behalf of whom and at what cost? '), almost everything? Or at least—pragmatist, poacher and bricoleur that I am—in ‘new performance’, is not that inquiry in action itself almost e.
Strictness optimization for graph reduction machines (why id might not be strict)

Strictness optimizations in the implementation of lazy functional languages are not always valid. In nonoptimized graph reduction, evaluation always takes place at the request of case analysis or a primitive operation. Hence, the result of a reduction is always a data value and never a function. This implies that in an implementation no argument satisfaction check is required. But in the presence of strict arguments, “premature” reduction may take place outside the scope of a case or primitive operation. This causes problems in graph reducers that use an aggressive take. Two solutions are presented, one based on a run-time argument satisfaction check, the other on a weakened strictness analyzer. Experimental results are used to compare the two solutions and show that the cost of the aggressive take can be arbitrarily high for specific programs. The experimental results enable a trade-off to be made by the reduction machine designer.
SUBSIDIES VS. NUDGES: WHICH POLICIES INCREASE SAVING THE MOST?

The federal government provides generous tax subsidies for retirement saving in 401(k)s and IRAs. The subsidies are designed to increase household saving and retirement income security, important national goals. The estimated cost, however, exceeds $100 billion a year in lost revenue to the Treasury. Given the nation’s severe budgetary pressures, it is critical to know how effective these subsidies are in raising household saving and whether other approaches would be more cost-effective. The ability to answer these questions has been limited by inadequate U.S. data on household saving. In particular, it is hard to know whether tax subsidies encourage families to save more, or simply shift money they would otherwise save into tax-advantaged retirement accounts. The same is true for “automatic” saving, such as defaults in 401(k) plans, which increase retirement saving if individuals take no action. While defaults have been shown to increase retirement saving, is this increase offset by reduced saving in taxable accounts or an increase in debt, leav-ing total household saving unchanged? This brief, based on a recent study, uses high-quality Danish data to address these questions. It assesses the effect of tax subsidies and automatic contributions on retirement saving and total household saving. The Danish retirement system and patterns of retirement saving are similar to those in the United States. The effect of retirement saving policies on total household saving should be similar as well, making the findings relevant to current U.S. policy discussions. This brief proceeds as follows. The first section introduces the problem of evaluating policies designed to increase retirement saving. The second section describes the data and basic methodology used in the analysis. The third section presents findings on the effect of tax subsidies on retirement saving. The fourth section presents findings on the effect of automatic saving. The fifth section offers an explanation of these findings based on how these policies affect two types of individuals – “active” and “passive” savers. The final section concludes that an expansion of automatic saving could produce much larger increases in household saving, at lower fiscal cost, than current tax subsidies for retirement saving.
INSERTION / DELETION POLYMORPHISM OF ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME GENE AND KAWASAKI DISEASE IN SOUTH CHINA

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is characterized by systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology.In this study, we investigated the relationship between KD and insertion/deletion polymorphism of ACE gene in south China. Methods: Sixty Kawasaki disease patients and 60 healthy children were enrolled.ACE genotype was genotyped through polymerase chain reaction(PCR). Results: Frequencies of ACE genotypes (DD, ID, II) were 16.7%, 60.0%, 23.3% in Kawasaki group, and 41.7%, 26.7%, 31.7% in control group respectively.Compared with the ACE I/I genotype,we found a significant association between the ACE I/D polymorphism and KD risk(DI vs II: OR = 3.05, 95%CI =1.23-7.57). In Kawasaki group, both genotype and allelic frequencies were not statistically different between those with coronary dilatations and those without. Conclusions: This study suggests that I/D polymorphism in the ACE gene may be associated with susceptibility to KD in south China.
Breast cancer prognosis from patient profiling by SFM

Breast cancer is the one of the common cancer types for woman society in Myanmar as well as in the world. Identifying recurrence and breast cancer patients profiling in terms of breast cancer recurrence-related data and breast cancer patient characteristics provide new insights into the complexity and causes of breast cancer recurrence. To estimate the probability of recurrence given the patient's symptoms, the statistical model is one of the current prognosis techniques. This approach offers reliable conclusions but lacks explanatory power in a human readable form, i.e. no obvious qualitative chain of inference to the conclusion. To address this issue, we investigate the exploitation of the frequent pattern as an underlying technique for this purpose. As a result, this approach can be very efficiently applied in this domain.
A Political Education: Black Politics and Education Reform in Chicago since the 1960s

Elizabeth Todd-Breland ’ s deeply researched, powerful book, A Political Education: Black Politics and Education Reform in Chicago since the 1960s , tells the story of Chicago schooling over the last sixty years from the vantage point of Black actors and stakeholders. The book marks a substantive contribution to a body of historical literature that puts race at the core of our country ’ s evolution, a stance that is not sim-ply additive, but rather, one that allows Todd-Breland to redefine our understanding of the whole. Todd-Breland portrays the Black community as more than a monolithic or static group, seeking out and integrating into the narrative the important differences within the community. Not surprisingly, a twentieth-century narrative about education in a northern metropolis looks different when it is animated by the inge-nuity and resilience of Black education reformers and propelled by a Black community that is, in this rendering, afforded real ideological diversity in its efforts to secure access to high-quality education for its children. Through this lens of Black agency, Todd-Breland skillfully reorients our understanding not only of the educational transformations of this period in Chicago, but of the larger context itself — the political, economic, and social forms of power that influenced those changes. The winner of several noteworthy awards, A Political Education also garnered a slate of laudatory reviews, all of which single out the book ’ s centering of Black activism and agency. Todd-Breland calls the through line of Black activism running through this history the “ politics of Black achievement, ” a term that encompasses a range of activist endeavors, including “ desegregation efforts in middle-class commu-nities, community control of schools, the development of independent Black educational institutions, efforts to increase Black representation in the teaching force, demands for funding equalization, and the discourses of supporters of both Black neighborhood schools and charter schools ” (p. 11). Against a rough chronology span-ning the early 1960s through the mid-1980s,
BAGUETTE: Towards a Secure and Cost-effective Switch Upgrade in Hybrid Software-Defined Networks

Software-Defined Networking (SDN), providing flexible controlling and monitoring mechanisms that simplifies network management, is becoming prevalent in recent years. However, replacing all legacy network devices with SDN-capable devices is cost-prohibitive. One practical approach for the SDN deployment is to incrementally upgrade a few legacy devices to SDN devices. The network, which consists of legacy and SDN devices, is called a hybrid SDN. Existing hybrid SDN deployment schemes do not consider the security impact of device deployment. They use the same type of devices to upgrade, and upgraded devices could be compromised if an attacker controls one SDN device by leveraging its vulnerabilities.In this paper, we consider this security issue in the hybrid SDN deployment and present the Secure and Cost-effective Switch Upgrade (SCESU) problem. The SCESU problem aims to upgrade a few network devices to satisfy the security requirement by using multiple SDN switch types with a minimal upgrade cost. The complexity of the SCESU problem comes from common vulnerabilities shared among different types of SDN devices and attack propagations among network nodes. To efficiently solve the problem, we propose the BAGUETTE algorithm to judiciously choose and upgrade critical legacy switches with selected SDN devices. Simulation results show that BAGUETTE achieves up to about 92.1% security enhancement compared with legacy network and reduces to 11.1% cost of the securest deployment.
Predicting Food Safety Violations via Social Media to Improve Public Health Surveillance

Foodborne illness outbreaks originating in food service establishments (FSEs) are a serious public health concern. There are multiple ways that FSEs can contribute to the propagation of foodborne illnesses. However, not all these risks can be detected by health authorities during official inspections for two reasons. First, health authorities have limited resources, meaning not every FSE can be inspected as often and expediently as necessary. Second, because the food safety and hygiene standards of FSEs are dynamic, the inspection results might represent a snapshot that fails to resemble the current FSE situation. Consequently, it would be helpful to have an early warning system that can allow health authorities to predict the risk levels of FSEs and proactively intervene by demanding that high-risk FSEs take appropriate countermeasures. Considering that customers who feel sick after visiting an FSE may not report their experience to health authorities but instead disclose this information by posting online reviews on social media platforms, this study leverages social media data to predict food safety violations by FSEs. The empirical data for this study derive from two sources: the FSE inspection results from the Department of Health and Mental Hygiene in New York City, which labeled each FSE according to whether it violated food safety regulations, and textual reviews posted by FSE customers on Yelp. Machine learning algorithms were employed to extract textual features from the reviews and construct predictive models. Our results demonstrate that customer reviews posted on social media platforms are valuable for predicting FSE food safety violations. Health authorities can leverage social media data to construct predictive models and deploy them to optimize resource allocation and prioritize interventions to prevent foodborne illness outbreaks originating in FSEs, improving public health. FSE managers can also deploy the models to improve their hygiene standards in response to alerts raised. By taking appropriate countermeasures earlier, they can reduce their risk of financial loss due to negative inspection results.
Physics-based Reduced Order Modeling for Uncertainty Quantification of Guided Wave Propagation using Bayesian Optimization

In the context of digital twins, structural health monitoring (SHM) constitutes the backbone of condition-based maintenance, facilitating the interconnection between virtual and physical assets. Guided wave propagation (GWP) is commonly employed for the inspection of structures in SHM. However, GWP is sensitive to variations in the material properties of the structure, leading to false alarms. In this direction, uncertainty quantification (UQ) is regularly applied to improve the reliability of predictions. Computational mechanics is a useful tool for the simulation of GWP, and is often applied for UQ. Even so, the application of UQ methods requires numerous simulations, while large-scale, transient numerical GWP solutions increase the computational cost. Reduced order models (ROMs) are commonly employed to provide numerical results in a limited amount of time. In this paper, we propose a machine learning (ML)-based ROM, mentioned as BO-ML-ROM, to decrease the computational time related to the simulation of the GWP. The ROM is integrated with a Bayesian optimization (BO) framework, to adaptively sample the parameters for the ROM training. The finite element method is used for the simulation of the high-fidelity models. The formulated ROM is used for forward UQ of the GWP in an aluminum plate with varying material properties. To determine the influence of each parameter perturbation, a global, variance-based sensitivity analysis is implemented based on Sobol' indices. It is shown that Bayesian optimization outperforms one-shot sampling methods, both in terms of accuracy and speed-up. The predicted results reveal the efficiency of BO-ML-ROM for GWP and demonstrate its value for UQ.
Suicide and murder in child murderers and child sexual abusers

A better understanding of the child protection-forensic psychiatric interface could contribute to prevention of child homicide and suicide. Assailant rates in potential 'risk' groups (1986-95) and the suicide of assailants and male sex abusers (1995-6) were calculated, based upon an epidemiological analysis of police and official records, from within a population of 2.4 million people. There were 27 murderers. Of the murders, 81% were intra-familial. In the group of murderers 55% were 'mentally ill', 27% were 'child neglecters' and 18% were 'violent offenders'. All extra-familial assailants were child sex abusers (CSA). The homicide rate of 'mentally ill mothers' (MIM) was 10 per 100,000 (pht) p.a. of those estimated to be at risk. The 'violent offenders' rate was 44 pht p.a. ; 'neglecting' mothers rate, 83 pht p.a. ; and violent 'multicriminal child sex abusers' (MCCSA) rate, 870 pht p.a. Half the 'mentally ill' murderers committed suicide, but none of the violent 'MCCSA' assailants. In the CSA cohort of 374, 3.2% of 'sex offences only' (SOO) abusers killed themselves. The violent MCCSA killed at more than 80+ times the rate of MIM; while the suicide rate of SOO abusers was 200 times the general population rate, highlighting the possibilities for the forensic psychiatric-child protection interface in prevention strategies.
Head and neck cancer in elderly patients

Hoofd-halskanker is de 6e meest voorkomende vorm van kanker. De behandeling kan bestaan uit een operatie, bestraling en chemotherapie, of een combinatie daarvan. Het aantal nieuwe gevallen van hoofd-halskanker blijft in de laatste jaren gelijk. Het percentage ouderen in de populatie stijgt echter en daarmee ook het aantal ouderen met hoofd-halskanker. Vaak worden oudere patienten in de huidige praktijk anders behandeld dan jongere patienten, hierbij wordt deze keus is gemaakt puur op leeftijd. De vraag is of dit terecht is, en daarom wordt in dit proefschrift gekeken of er verschillen tussen oudere en jongere patienten zijn, met name als het gaat om complicaties na de behandeling. De resultaten zou kunnen helpen bij het maken van de beste keuze wat betreft behandeling. Uit de onderzoeken in dit proefschrift blijkt dat geen aantoonbaar verschil is in complicaties na de behandeling tussen oudere en jongere patienten. Wel blijkt dat bij oudere patienten complicaties moeilijker te voorspellen zijn op basis van factoren die voor de behandeling bekend zijn. Ook blijkt dat patienten die naast de hoofd-halskanker nog met andere (chronische) ziektes belast zijn, vaker complicaties hebben die gerelateerd zijn aan deze ziektes. Complicaties gerelateerd aan operaties in het hoofd-halsgebied bleken daarentegen moeilijk te voorspellen. Concluderend kan gezegd worden dat keuze van behandeling bij hoofd-halskanker patienten lastig blijft, maar dat hoge leeftijd alleen geen reden lijkt te zijn om andere beleid voeren. Dit geeft proefschrift een aantal handvatten om behandelkeuzes te onderbouwen en ingangen om verder onderzoek te doen.
Characterization of the Biosynthetic Pathway of Fungal Aromatic Polyketides

Nature has endowed microbes and plants with enormous power to synthesize complex natural products from simple building blocks. Compounds derived from natural sources that show biological activities are defined as natural products. Over the past century, natural products have played an indispensible role in the pharmaceutical discovery, and have become an important element of modern therapy. Aromatic polyketides are an important group of natural products that exhibit extraordinary medicinal activities. Actinomycetes and filamentous fungi are the two major producers of aromatic polyketides, especially polycyclic aromatic polyketides; and they employ distinct enzymatic system to synthesize these complex structures from malonyl-CoA. Fungi utilize iterative multidomain megasynthase of type I nonreducing polyketide synthases (NRPKSs), while actinomycetes employ bacterial type II PKSs that comprise a group of dissociated enzymes. Compared to the well-studied type II PKS, NRPKS has been much less understood. In this study, we first identified the unique product template (PT) domain of NRPKS that is not shared among the other PKS families as the first ring aldol cyclase. Based on the understanding of PT domain function, we performed phylogenetic analysis of PT domains, which classified the NRPKSs into five major groups. Subsequently, we proposed a sequence-function correlation of PT domain that allowed us to predict the activities of unknown PTs uncovered from genome sequencing. These target PT domains were assayed with the PKS4 (a previously identified NRPKS) minimal PKS domains in trans or in cis, and the proposed PT functions were confirmed through such product based assays. According to the established sequence-function relationship, we conducted genome mining of A. niger for the biosynthetic locus of TAN-1612, which contains an interesting tetracyclic naphthacenedione core structure. Subsequent investigations of the TAN-1612 biosynthetic pathway uncovered a novel alpha-hydroxylation-dependent Claisen cyclization cascade that involves a bifunctional dimanganese metallo-beta-lactamase-type thioesterase (MbL-TE). Also, the identification of the TAN-1612 biosynthetic pathway revealed a decaketide synthase AdaA, which enabled us to realize the in vitro enzymatic total synthesis of several important aromatic decaketide intermediates including rabelomycin and tetracenomycin D1.
XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS OF THREE LOW X-RAY LUMINOSITY GALAXY CLUSTERS

We present new XMM-Newton measurements of the X-ray luminosities (Lx) and temperatures (Tx) for three clusters of galaxies. Two are low Lx (<3 × 1043 erg s−1) clusters, RXJ0110.3+1938 (z = 0.317) and RXJ1011.0+5339 (z = 0.329). These clusters were selected from the 160 Square Degree Survey, a survey of extended sources serendipitously discovered in pointed ROSAT observations. The third cluster, KDCS 112, was included by chance in one of our pointings, and is an optically selected cluster from the DEEPRANGE survey. It has a similar redshift and X-ray luminosity as the first two. We estimate the optical richness (Λcl) of all three clusters. RXJ1011.0+5339 was missed by DEEPRANGE because it is optically poor. However, KDCS112 was missed in the 160SD even though it is brighter in the X-rays than its neighbor RXJ1011.0+5339, because it fell below the 160SD flux limit. The ROSAT flux of RXJ1011.0+5339 was overestimated due to point-source contamination; it is among the lowest luminosity groups with a known X-ray temperature at moderate redshift. These clusters represent a pilot study to probe the Lx–Tx relation at moderate redshifts and low Lx, a regime where feedback processes may increase the scatter or change the mean Lx–Tx relation. The X-ray luminosities and temperatures of the clusters are consistent with the Lx–Tx relationship in galaxy clusters at low redshift, albeit with large scatter. We place a upper limit on the scatter in the Lx–Tx relation of ∼0.1 in δlog Tx for moderate redshift clusters, similar to that of low-redshift clusters.