Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Alfvén eigenmode dampings in the Joint European Torus

Predictions from a gyrokinetic toroidal plasma model reproduce for the first time the evolution of Alfven eigenmode (AE) dampings over a range of discharges. The coupling between shear-and kinetic-Alfven waves is responsible for the main source of damping through Landau interactions and can be an order of magnitude larger than fluid predictions neglecting global kinetic effects. Strong stabilization occurs when the wave field gets localized radially by a rise in the edge magnetic shear, explaining why global AEs have never been detected in the Joint European Torus [Rebut, Bickerton, and Keen, Nucl. Fusion 25, 1011 (1985)] in the presence of an X point and suggesting how global Alfven instabilities could be avoided in future reactors.
Nonlinear Modeling and Control of Overhead Crane Load Sway

In this paper, we derive a nonlinear dynamical model for an overhead crane. The model takes into account simultaneous travel and transverse motions of the crane. The aim is to transport an object along a specified transport route in such a way that the swing angles are suppressed as quickly as possible. We develop an antiswing control system which adopts a feedback control to specify the crane speed at every moment. The gain matrix is chosen such that a desired rate of decay of the swing angles is obtained. The model and control scheme are simulated on a digital computer and the results prove that the feedback control works well.
Composite wavelet transform and frames

Motivated by the human auditory system, a new signal transform is presented which models the way humans hear. Cochlear processing acts like a constant bandwidth bank of filters in the low frequency range but is of proportional bandwidth at higher frequencies. This new transform, which we call the composite wavelet transform, is better able to model this process than standard signal processing techniques such as the short‐time Fourier transform (STFT) and the continuous wavelet transform (CWT). The composite wavelet transform in fact provides a signal analysis tool that is able to examine signals with competing signal structures whereas the STFT and the CWT do not. In order to insure stable signal recovery, the theory of frames is examined. An overview of the theory of frames will be given and wavelet and Gabor frames will be discussed. Recent work on frames for the composite wavelet transform will also be presented. Finally, some applications of frames, especially to speech signal processing will be consi.
A study of the structure and kinematics of the narrow-line region in Seyfert galaxies. II, Analysis of the line-profile parameters

Les parametres des profils des raies d'emission etroites de 16 galaxies de Seyfert (Veilleux S., 1991, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 75) sont determines. Les correlations entre ces parametres et 21 proprietes des galaxies sont analysees.
A Novel Scheme Adaptive Hybrid Dislocated Synchronization for Two Identical and Different Memristor Chaotic Oscillator Systems with Uncertain Parameters

The drive system can synchronize with the response system by the scaling factor in the traditional projective synchronization. This paper proposes a novel adaptive hybrid dislocated synchronization with uncertain parameters scheme for chaos synchronization using the Lyapunov stability theory. The drive system is synchronized by the sum of hybrid dislocated state variables for the response system. By designing effective hybrid dislocated adaptive controller and hybrid dislocated adaptive law of the parameters estimation, we investigate the synchronization of two identical memristor chaotic oscillator systems and two different memristor chaotic oscillator systems with uncertain parameters. Finally, the numerical simulation examples are provided to show the effectiveness of our method.
Piecewise linear optimal controllers for hybrid systems

We propose a procedure for synthesizing piecewise linear optimal controllers for discrete-time hybrid systems. A stabilizing controller is obtained by designing a model predictive controller, which is based on the minimization of a weighted l/sub 1///spl infin/-norm of the tracking error and the input trajectories over a finite horizon. The control law is obtained by solving a multiparametric mixed-integer linear program, which avoids solving mixed-integer programs online. As the resulting control law is piecewise affine, online computation is drastically reduced to a simple linear function evaluation.
Using an approximate L1 Estimator

This note investigates the efficiency of using near-best or approximate L1 estimators as starting values in L1 linear programming procedures. In particular, it is shown that the total computer time can often be reduced if one first computes the least squares estimator, β, and then adjust y to y - Xβ in Barrodale and Roberts’ improved algorithm.
Direct adaptive general type-2 fuzzy control for a class of uncertain non-linear systems

In this study, a stable direct adaptive general type-2 fuzzy logic controller (DAG2FLC) is introduced for a class of non-linear systems. The proposed controller uses advantages of general type-2 fuzzy logic systems (GT2FLSs) in handling dynamic uncertainties to approximate unknown non-linear actions. Implementing general type-2 fuzzy systems is computationally costly; however, by using a recently introduced α-plane representation, a GT2FLS can be seen as composition of several interval type-2 fuzzy logic systems with a corresponding level of α for each. Linguistic rules are directly incorporated into the DAG2FLC controller and a H ∞ compensator is added to attenuate external disturbance and fuzzy approximation error. Also general type-2 fuzzy adaptation laws are derived using Lyapunov approach, and the stability of the closed-loop system has been proven by mathematical analysis. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed controller, the results are compared with those obtained by direct adaptive type-1 fuzzy logic controller and a direct adaptive interval type-2 fuzzy logic controller, which are the latest researches in the problem in hand. The proposed controller is applied to a chaotic Gyro system as a case study. Simulation reveals the effectiveness of the proposed controller in presence of dynamic uncertainties and external disturbances.
Lifetimes of Metastable States of Noble Gases

The lifetimes of the lower metastable states of helium, neon, and argon have been studied as a function of the pressure and temperature of the parent gas and the size of the container. The lifetimes were determined from measurements of the decay constant of the radiation absorbed by the metastable atoms. At low metastable concentrations the loss is by diffusion to the walls of the absorption cell and by collisions with neutral atoms within the volume of the cell. The data indicate that at 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K and sufficiently high pressures, the volume destruction of the lower neon metastable is directly proportional to the pressure as expected for two-body collisions. The volume destruction of the lower neon metastables at 77\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K and the helium triplet metastables at 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K and 77\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K is proportional to the square of the pressure as for three-body collisions. The volume loss of the lower argon metastables at 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K contains both linear and quadratic pressure dependent terms.
Nonlinear energy transfer and the energy balance of the internal wave field in the deep ocean

The source function describing the energy transfer between the components of the internal wave spectrum due to nonlinear interactions is derived from the Lagrangian of the fluid motion and evaluated numerically for the spectral models of Garrett & Munk (1972a, 1975). The characteristic time scales of the transfer are found to be typically of the order of some days, so that nonlinear interactions will play an important role in the energy balance of the wave field. Thus implications of the nonlinear transfer within the spectrum for generation and dissipation processes are considered.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Genome wide association and genomic prediction for growth traits in juvenile farmed Atlantic salmon using a high density SNP array

Background: The genetic architecture of complex traits in farmed animal populations is of interest from a scientific and practical perspective. The use of genetic markers to predict the genetic merit (breeding values) of individuals is commonplace in modern farm animal breeding schemes. Recently, high density SNP arrays have become available for Atlantic salmon, which facilitates genomic prediction and association studies using genome-wide markers and economically important traits. The aims of this study were (i) to use a high density SNP array to investigate the genetic architecture of weight and length in juvenile Atlantic salmon; (ii) to assess the utility of genomic prediction for these traits, including testing different marker densities; (iii) to identify potential candidate genes underpinning variation in early growth. Results: A pedigreed population of farmed Atlantic salmon ( n = 622) were measured for weight and length traits at one year of age, and genotyped for 111,908 segregating SNP markers using a high density SNP array. The heritability of both traits was estimated using pedigree and genomic relationship matrices, and was comparable at around 0.5 and 0.6 respectively. The results of the GWA analysis pointed to a polygenic genetic architecture, with no SNPs surpassing the genome-wide significance threshold, and one SNP associated with length at the chromosome-wide level. SNPs surpassing an arbitrary threshold of significance ( P < 0.005, ~ top 0.5 % of markers) were aligned to an Atlantic salmon reference transcriptome, identifying 109 SNPs in transcribed regions that were annotated by alignment to human, mouse and zebrafish protein databases. Prediction of breeding values was more accurate when applying genomic (GBLUP) than pedigree (PBLUP) relationship matrices (accuracy ~ 0.7 and 0.58 respectively) and 5,000 SNPs were sufficient for obtaining this accuracy increase over PBLUP in this specific population. Conclusions: The high density SNP array can effectively capture the additive genetic variation in complex traits. However, the traits of weight and length both appear to be very polygenic with only one SNP surpassing the chromosome-wide threshold. Genomic prediction using the array is effective, leading to an improvement in accuracy compared to pedigree methods, and this improvement can be achieved with only a small subset of the markers in this population. The results have practical relevance for genomic selection in salmon and may also provide insight into variation in the identified genes underpinning body growth and development in salmonid species.
Development of a 10 m long superconducting multistrand conductor for power transmission cables

A 10 m long HTS cable conductor was stranded with an industrial winding process from 2 km of Ag/Bi2223 tapes. It was installed in a vacuum cryostat and was force cooled by pressurized liquid nitrogen. DC- and AC-load tests were performed while varying the frequency and amplitude of the current. The critical current of the conductor is 5000 A. This model of a power transmission cable demonstrates very low AC losses of at measured both with an electric transport and a calorimetric method. The AC losses vary linearly with frequency, , and have a current dependence slightly lower than . The magnitude of the losses is clearly lower than predicted by the block model version of the Bean model. The model for uniform current distribution (UCD) improves the quantitative description of the losses. From these experiments we conclude that our low loss winding design of the conductor is an early stage of an economical HTS power transmission cable.
Finite-time consensus for second-order multi-agent systems with saturated control protocols

This study investigates the distributed finite-time consensus problem of networked agents with second-order integrators. First of all, to achieve finite-time consensus, a saturated protocol is proposed based on both relative position and relative velocity measurements. In light of the tools from homogeneous theory, it is theoretically shown that the proposed protocol will guarantee finite-time consensus under bounded control inputs. Then, based only on the relative position measurements, an observer-type protocol is developed and employed for achieving finite-time consensus. Theoretical studies indicate that under the proposed algorithms, the states of the agents will achieve finite-time consensus without velocity measurements. Finally, the effectiveness of the theoretical results is illustrated by numerical simulations.
Stability of miscible displacements in porous media with nonmonotonic viscosity profiles

The effect of a nonmonotonic viscosity profile on the stability of miscible displacements in porous medium is studied. A linear theory using the quasi‐steady‐state approximation is employed to find the growth rate of the perturbations in the flow. The resulting eigenvalue problem has both a discrete and continuous spectrum. It is possible to obtain an analytical solution for a step base state concentration profile. The step profile result indicates that a nonmonotonic viscosity profile can be stable even when the viscosity contrast, measured by the end‐point viscosities, is unfavorable, and vice versa. Asymptotic expansions of the growth rate for short times and for small wave numbers of the disturbances are obtained. The short‐time expansion shows that the diffusion of the base state does not always mitigate the instabilities and the small wave‐number expansion gives a sufficient condition for the flow to be unstable. Finally, the eigenvalue problem is solved numerically for diffused concentration profil.
A novel fast recovery mechanism for control plane based on RSVP-TE in the ASON networks

RSVP-TE Signaling involves transporting control messages between all entities communicating through an ASON's control plane and is used to create, maintain, restore, and release connections. Control plane restoration has not been studied in details in the literature except for using protection switching or the source-initiation mechanism. Such schemes take a big bandwidth waste or long restoration to the networks. We provide a fast restoration mechanism based on (extended) local restoration using RSVP-TE as the signaling. This mechanism can reduce the restoration time by the theoretical analyses.
Molecules in Type Ia Supernovae

Mechanisms for formation and destruction of molecules in Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are explored and contrasted with those in Type II supernovae (SNe II). In the absence of grains, molecular formation in the highly ionized ejecta is initiated by radiative association and radiative attachment. The molecules are destroyed by charge transfer and by energetic electron impact. The molecular abundances are calculated for the elemental compositions given by SNe Ia models. SNe Ia are an unfavorable environment for molecular formation because of the low gas density and the high-ionization fraction in the ejecta, and the masses of the molecules formed in SNe Ia are many orders of magnitude lower than those in SNe II. It is concluded that molecular formation should have no significant effect on the physical properties of SNe Ia, which is in sharp contrast with the case of SNe II.
The geometry of multi-qubit entanglement

This paper, a continuation of a previous one (Iwai 2007 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 40 1361), studies the geometry of multi-qubit entanglement with respect to bipartite partitions. An n-qubit system (C2)⊗n is isomorphic with , the linear space of 2ℓ × 2m complex matrices, where ℓ + m = n. According to the isomorphism, the local transformation group U(2ℓ) × U(2m) acts on the space of normalized states in . Let M and G denote the space of normalized states and the local transformation group acting on M, respectively. According to the orbit types, M is stratified into strata, among which a principal stratum and the sets of separable states and maximally entangled states will be identified. For , a function F(C) = det(I − CC*) proves to serve as a measure of entanglement, where I denotes the 2ℓ × 2ℓ identity matrix. The F(C) attains the minimal and the maximal values, respectively, on the sets of separable states and maximally entangled states, and further takes no extremal values on the principal stratum. The F(C) projects to a function on the factor space G\M. A naturally defined metric on M also projects to that on G\M, which serves to measure the distance between the separable states, F−1(0), and the states, F−1(k), of prescribed value k of measure. To be precise, one has to restrict M to the principal stratum, when projecting the metric. Three- and four-qubit systems will be studied intensively, and then multi-qubit systems discussed.
On the evolution equations for Killing fields

The problem of finding necessary and sufficient conditions on the Cauchy data for Einstein equations which insure the existence of Killing fields in a neighborhood of an initial hypersurface has been considered recently by Berezdivin, Coll, and Moncrief. Nevertheless, it can be shown that the evolution equations obtained in all these cases are of nonstrictly hyperbolic type, and, thus, the Cauchy data must belong to a special class of functions. We prove here that, for the vacuum and Einstein–Maxwell space–times and in a coordinate independent way, one can always choose, as evolution equations for the Killing fields, a strictly hyperbolic system: The above theorems can be thus extended to all Cauchy data for which the Einstein evolution problem has been proved to be well set.
Effects of noncircular collars on an axisymmetric jet

An experimental investigation was carried out to study the effects of noncircular collars on an axisymmetric jet using surface flow visualization and hot-wire anemometry. Circular, square, and triangular collars with expansion ratios of 1.20, 1.35, and 1.54, respectively, with collar lengths of up to two jet diameters were used. Flow visualization shows that circular collars led to equidistant flow reattachments along the collar wall, while square and triangular collars resulted in the formation of a pair of counter-rotating vortex-pairs on each side of the collar wall. These vortex-pairs are caused by the presence of the three-dimensional velocity gradients between locations of minimum and maximum step-heights, which drove fluid from the collar wall centerlines towards the corners. Time-averaged velocity measurements show that the circular collar required the shortest collar length to achieve maximum centerline velocity decay, followed by square and triangular collars. Centerline turbulence intensity and.
The analysis and modelling of dilatational terms in compressible turbulence

It is shown that the dilatational terms that need to be modelled in compressible turbulence include not only the pressure-dilatation term but also another term - the compressible dissipation. The nature of the compressible velocity field, which generates these dilatational terms, is explored by asymptotic analysis of the compressible Navier-Stokes equations in the case of homogeneous turbulence. The lowest-order equations for the compressible field are solved and explicit expressions for some of the associated one-point moments are obtained. For low Mach numbers, the compressible mode has a fast timescale relative to the incompressible mode. Therefore, it is proposed that, in moderate Mach number homogeneous turbulence, the compressible component of the turbulence is in quasi-equilibrium with respect to the incompressible turbulence. A non-dimensional parameter which characterizes this equilibrium structure of the compressible mode is identified. Direct numerical simulations (DNS) of isotropic, compressible turbulence are performed, and their results are found to be in agreement with the theoretical analysis. A model for the compressible dissipation is proposed; the model is based on the asymptotic analysis and the direct numerical simulations. This model is calibrated with reference to the DNS results regarding the influence of compressibility on the decay rate of isotropic turbulence. An application of the proposed model to the compressible mixing layer has shown that the model is able to predict the dramatically reduced growth rate of the compressible mixing layer.
Optimal nonlinear-nonquadratic feedback control for systems with L/sub 2/ disturbances

We develop an optimality-based framework to address the problem of nonlinear-nonquadratic control for disturbance rejection of nonlinear systems with bounded exogenous disturbances. Specifically, using nonlinear dissipation theory with appropriate storage functions and supply rates we transform the nonlinear disturbance rejection problem into a optimal control problem by modifying a nonlinear-nonquadratic cost functional to account for the exogenous disturbances. As a consequence, the resulting solution to the modified optimal control problem guarantees disturbance reflection for nonlinear systems with bounded input disturbances. Furthermore, it is shown that the Lyapunov function guaranteeing closed-loop stability is a solution to the steady-state Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation for the controlled system.
X-ray spectral classification of supernova remnants in the Large Magellanic Cloud

The solid state spectrometer on the Einstein Observatory was used to measure the 0.6-4.5 keV X-ray spectra of six prominent supernova remnants in the Large Magellanic Cloud, namely, N132D, N63A, N49, 0525-66.0, N157B, and 0540-69.3. Thermal emission is detected from the first four remnants and is similar in nature to that observed from young galactic SNRs. In contrast, N157B and 0540-69.3 have featureless X-ray spectra which are well described by power-law models. The present data support a synchrotron origin for the X-rays from N157B and 0540-69.3, although an alternative emission mechanism is considered for the latter object.
Control of supersonic jet noise with a spherical reflector

Jet screech is considered to be generated from a feedback cycle in an underexpanded supersonic jet. Experiments were carried out to control the screech tone by placing a spherical reflector at the nozzle exit. The reflector controlled the location of the sound image‐source and minimized the sound pressure at the nozzle exit. The weak sound could not excite the unstable disturbances at the exit and the feedback mechanism was cancelled and finally screech tone was eliminated. The new technique suppressed not only the screech tones but also the broadband noise and reduced the overall sound pressure of the jet. The performance of the proposed technique was checked with different sizes of reflectors by placing the reflectors at different upstream positions of the nozzle exit for different pressure ratios and the result was very good. [The research was supported by a grant from JSPS of the government of Japan. ]
CONSTRAINT-HANDLING USING AN EVOLUTIONARY MULTIOBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUE

Abstract In this paper, we introduce the concept of non-dominance (commonly used in multi-objective optimization) as a way to incorporate constraints into the fitness function of a genetic algorithm. Each individual is assigned a rank based on its degree of dominance over the rest of the population. Feasible individuals are always ranked higher than infeasible ones, and the degree of constraint violation determines the rank among infeasible individuals. The proposed technique does not require fine tuning of factors like the traditional penalty function and uses a self-adaptation mechanism that avoids the traditional empirical adjustment of the main genetic operators (i.e., crossover and mutation).