Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Canopy structure modulates the sensitivity of subalpine forest stands to interannual snowpack and precipitation variability

Declining spring snowpack is expected to have widespread effects on montane and subalpine forests in western North America and across the globe. However, the effect of this forcing at the species and hillslope scale are difficult to predict from remote sensing or eddy covariance. Here, we present data from a network of sap velocity sensors and xylem water isotope measurements from three common subalpine tree species ( Picea engelmannii , Abies lasiocarpa , Populus tremuloides ) across a hillslope transect in a subalpine watershed in the Upper Colorado River Basin. We use these data to compare tree-5 and stand-level responses to the historically high spring snowpack but low summer rainfall of 2019 against the low spring snowpacks but high summer rains of 2021 and 2022. From the sap velocity data, we found that only 40% of the trees showed an increase in cumulative transpiration in response to the large snowpack year (2019), illustrating the absence of a common response to a major decline in snowpack. The trees that benefited from the large snow year were all found in dense canopy stands - irrespective of species - while trees in open canopy stands were more active during the years with modest snow and 10 higher summer rains. This pattern reflects how persistent access to soil moisture recharged by snowmelt in topographically-mediated convergence zones shapes stand density. These locally dense canopies also experience high levels of summer rainfall interception that reduce summer precipitation inputs to the soil perpetuating their greater sensitivity to snowmelt inputs. The
Cutting through the complexity of the democratic back-sliding problem with root cause analysis

: A precipitous backward slide from democracy to authoritarianism is underway. Despite decades of scholarly effort, political science lacks a comprehensive theory explaining why the problem occurs, why past solution strategies have failed, and why different future solution strategies would have a high probability of success. We argue this is because of the extreme complexity of the problem. Fortunately, problems of high complexity have long been analytically solved by the powerful tool of root cause analysis (RCA). RCA offers considerably more analytical power for complex problems than statistical analysis and experimentation, the current leading tools of political scientists. The article reviews RCA methodology, applies RCA to the backsliding problem, and offers conclusions and suggestions for further research.
Earth and Planetary Science Letters

the marine biota, ultimately including life on the deep seaﬂoor. Although the dominance of cyanobacterial and algal photosynthesis would have weakened the biological pump, it still would have removed suﬃcient nutrients from surface waters thus conditioning the ocean for the recovery of biota at higher trophic levels.
Variation in visual sensitivity predicts motion sickness in virtual reality

Motion sickness varies across observers. While some experience immediate and severe symptoms, others seem relatively immune. Multiple explanations have been advanced. Some argue that conflicting cues provided by the visual and vestibular systems are the underlying cause. Others claim postural sway, which differs between the sexes, can explain previouslyreported motion sickness susceptibility differences. We used virtual reality to test these accounts. We found that an observer’s visual sensitivity to motion parallax predicted susceptibility, but found little evidence for differences based on sex (N = 95; 59 females, 36 males). Furthermore, our results suggest that sex differences are likely due to poor personalization of VR displays, which default to male settings and introduce cue conflicts for the majority of females. These results suggest that the probability of detecting cue conflicts is limited by an observer’s sensitivity to specific sensory cues and thus identify a cause for differences in motion sickness severity.
Development and characterization of doxycycline gelatin nanoparticles

>0.3) was obtained with high entrapment efficiency (~60%) and cationic surface propperties, whit prolonged release for 8 h. Conclusions: The process factors and formulation studied successfully lead a doxycycline loaded cationic gelatin nanoparticles with desirable characteristics. The NP showed prolonged release for 8 hours with an anomalous transport as main mechanism of drug delivery. The system prepared own cationic surface properties to be a possible mucoadhesive system.
Drought soil legacy overrides maternal effects on plant growth

Abstract Maternal effects (i.e. trans‐generational plasticity) and soil legacies generated by drought and plant diversity can affect plant performance and alter nutrient cycling and plant community dynamics. However, the relative importance and combined effects of these factors on plant growth dynamics remain poorly understood. We used soil and seeds from an existing plant diversity and drought manipulation field experiment in temperate grassland to test maternal, soil drought and diversity legacy effects, and their interactions, on offspring plant performance of two grassland species (Alopecurus pratensis and Holcus lanatus) under contrasting glasshouse conditions. Our results showed that drought soil legacy effects eclipsed maternal effects on plant biomass. Drought soil legacy effects were attributed to changes in both abiotic (i.e. nutrient availability) and biotic soil properties (i.e. microbial carbon and enzyme activity), as well as plant root and shoot atom 15N excess. Further, plant tissue nutrient concentrations and soil microbial C:N responses to drought legacies varied between the two plant species and soils from high and low plant diversity treatments. However, these diversity effects did not affect plant root or shoot biomass. These findings demonstrate that while maternal effects resulting from drought occur in grasslands, their impacts on plant performance are likely minor relative to drought legacy effects on soil abiotic and biotic properties. This suggests that soil drought legacy effects could become increasingly important drivers of plant community dynamics and ecosystem functioning as extreme weather events become more frequent and intense with climate change. A plain language summary is available for this article.
The Role of Capsaicin in Metabolism of Glucose, Lipids and in Hypertension

: The metabolism of glucose and lipid is the foremost supply of energy for the human body and performs a key position in lifestyles activities. However, disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism will produce a sequence of diseases such as hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity, arteriosclerotic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and long-term abnormal levels of sugar, lipid, and blood pressure will injury to the organs of the whole body and cause their functions to gradually decline. At the same time, it causes damage to blood vessels, which is one of the important factors of disability and death of patients. Chili pepper is a common ingredient in the diets of various communities and civilizations across the world. Capsaicin is a key component in chili peppers. It is responsible for the fiery flavor as well as a number of health advantages. Due to advances in research during the past decade, capsaicin can regulate glucose and lipid homeostasis, improve cardiovascular function, and inhibit obesity. In addition, studies have shown that ingesting an appropriate amount of capsaicin has a good effect on the treatment and prevention of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. The purpose of this paper was to spotlight the role of capsaicin in the metabolism of glucose, lipids, and high blood pressure these three parts.
Rift migration and lateral propagation: evolution of normal faults and sediment-routing systems of the western Corinth rift (Greece)

Abstract The active Corinth rift records hanging-wall migration of faulting and slip-rate acceleration. The rift initiated at approximately 5–4 Ma, and older parts are well exposed in the northern Peloponnese. A new correlation of chrono- and lithostratigraphy and structure across the onland central to westernmost rift with offshore data reveals westward rift propagation, as well as northward fault migration. Northward fault migration ended first in the east, with the stabilization of major north-dipping faults that now bound the Gulf. The basin then propagated to the WNW in two stages, each involving the initiation of a new fault that propagated east to SE to link to the stable fault system. Extension rates accelerated in distinct steps as the rift opened to the west. The youngest faults in the westernmost rift are associated with high seismicity and highest geodetic extension due to rapid fault growth and linkage at depth. The early synrift succession infilled substantial inherited palaeo-relief. Antecedent rivers established vigorous sediment-routing systems that controlled facies distribution throughout rifting, albeit with drainage reorganization during fault-migration events. Multiple deepening events recorded in the stratigraphy can be due to lateral rift propagation. The transition from rift initiation to rift climax is, therefore, diachronous along the rift axis.
Professional Nursing Care Applied to The Individual Diagnosed with Crohn's Disease: A Case Report

Crohn's disease, which is one of the inflammatory bowel diseases, is an intestinal disease with acute exacerbations and can involve any part from the mouth to the anus. The objective of this case report was to prepare a nursing care plan for a patient diagnosed with 'Crohn's Disease' by using the nursing diagnoses in the North American Nurses Diagnosis Association (NANDA) classification system. The patient was a female, married, a high school graduate, and a 36-year-old housewife. The patient was diagnosed with Crohn's disease as a result of laboratory and radiologic imaging in a hospital where she applied with severe abdominal pain in 2006. The patient received medical treatment for about two years and overcame the attack period of the disease. On April 11, 2022, the patient went to the Emergency Department of a university hospital with abdominal pain and fatigue. The patient's detailed laboratory findings and radiologic imaging were obtained, and she was admitted to the Gastroenterohepatology Service. It is very important that quality health care services are provided to individuals with poor health status by nurses, who are among the leading health professionals. It was observed that planning the patient's care according to the North American Nurses Diagnosis Association (NANDA) Classification System and analyzing the data according to the sub-dimensions of the model provided quick solutions for the patient's problems and systematic nursing care for the patient.
Eléments nutritifs et production primaire dans les lagunes du Côte d'Ivoire : cycle annuel

This paper collects most of the information gathered between October 1974 and July 1976 within the framework of a research program concerning the hydrobioclimate of ivorian lagoons and especially the Ebrie lagoon. Monthly surveys concerning the latter were carried out during 1975. The following parameters - and their vertical distribution wherever it had a meaning - were systematically gathered in a system of fifty-five stations: Transparency (Secchi), Temperature, Salinity, Chlorophylla, Dissolved oxygen, phosphate, nitrate, nitrite. These data provide an outline of the annual cycle of nutrients and primary production of the Ivoirian lagoons
Evaluation of the Use of Singleplex and Duplex CerTest VIASURE Real-Time PCR Assays to Detect Common Intestinal Protist Parasites

Cryptosporidium spp. , Giardia duodenalis and Entamoeba histolytica are species of protozoa- causing diarrhoea that are common worldwide, while Entamoeba dispar, Dientamoeba fragilis and Blastocystis sp. appear to be commensal parasites whose role in pathogenicity remains controversial. We conducted the clinical evaluation of five singleplex and one duplex CerTest VIASURE Real-Time PCR Assays against a large panel of positive DNA samples (n = 358), and specifically to Cryptosporidium spp. (n = 96), G. duodenalis (n = 115), E. histolytica (n = 25) E. dispar (n = 11), Blastocystis sp. (n = 42), D. fragilis (n = 37), and related parasitic phylum species such as Apicomplexa, Euglenozoa, Microsporidia and Nematoda. DNA samples were obtained from clinical stool specimens or cultured isolates in a national reference centre. Estimated diagnostic sensitivity and specificity values were 0.94–1 for Cryptosporidium spp. , 0.96–0.99 for G. duodenalis, 0.96–1 for E. histolytica, 1–1 for E. dispar, and 1–0.99 for D. fragilis in the evaluated singleplex assays. In the duplex assay for the simultaneous detection of Blastocystis sp. and D. fragilis these values were 1–0.98 and 1–0.99, respectively. Measures of diagnostic precision for repeatability and reproducibility were found to be under acceptable ranges. The assays identified six Cryptosporidium species (C. hominis, C. parvum, C. canis, C. felis, C. scrofarum, and C. ryanae), four G. duodenalis assemblages (A, B, C, and F), and six Blastocystis subtypes (ST1-ST5, and ST8). The evaluated singleplex and duplex VIASURE Real-Time PCR assays provide sensitive, practical, and cost-effective choices to the molecular diagnosis of the main diarrhoea-causing intestinal protists in clinical microbiology and research laboratories.
In-Depth Genomic Analysis: The New Challenge in Congenital Heart Disease

The use of next-generation sequencing has provided new insights into the causes and mechanisms of congenital heart disease (CHD). Examinations of the whole exome sequence have detected detrimental gene variations modifying single or contiguous nucleotides, which are characterised as pathogenic based on statistical assessments of families and correlations with congenital heart disease, elevated expression during heart development, and reductions in harmful protein-coding mutations in the general population. Patients with CHD and extracardiac abnormalities are enriched for gene classes meeting these criteria, supporting a common set of pathways in the organogenesis of CHDs. Single-cell transcriptomics data have revealed the expression of genes associated with CHD in specific cell types, and emerging evidence suggests that genetic mutations disrupt multicellular genes essential for cardiogenesis. Metrics and units are being tracked in whole-genome sequencing studies.
Desafios à criatividade na produção Fast Fashion: um estudo na indústria calçadista

O objetivo do estudo é identificar como, em condições de pressão, a criatividade é percebida pelos integrantes de equipes de desenvolvimento de produtos na produção orientada para fast fashion. Foi conduzida uma pesquisa de caráter descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa e como estratégia optou-se pelo estudo de caso único em uma empresa de grande porte, produtora de calçados femininos, na qual foram conduzidas sete entrevistas com pessoas em diferentes posições no desenvolvimento de produtos, aliadas à observação participante. À luz da Visão Baseada em Recursos, a pesquisa é original por avaliar como a criatividade organizacional se desenvolve em setores voltados a produção em larga escala, como é o caso da fast fashion calçadista. O estudo revela que as barreiras a criatividade possuem nuances não completamente reveladas em estudos anteriores, por tratar da criatividade em diferentes níveis organizacionais. O estudo chama a atenção para o ambiente criativo, propondo um olhar mais atento para as motivações intrínsecas e extrínsecas dos profissionais envolvidos com o desenvolvimento de coleções de moda.
Classical Quantum Field Theory Based on the Hypothesis of the Absolute Reference System

The quantum field theory based on the hypothesis of the absolute reference system is a classical non-relativistic theory, which is compatible with current quantum theory. This conclusion arises when one compares the theoretical results of quantum electrodynamics using the basic principles of this hypothesis. Wave equation, which replaces this of Schrodinger, is the classical wave equation of a peculiar electromagnetic wave, derived from the study of particle structure.
The Effectiveness of Ginger-Infused Water on Aerobic Endurance: A Randomized Control Trial

The research aims to see the effectiveness of infused water in influencing aerobic endurance. The research used a controlled experimental method with a pretest-posttest design. According to the criteria, fifteen participants were divided into three groups using purposive sampling. The control group (CT), and experimental group one (EKO) were given infused water with a combination of red ginger, lemon, and mint leaves, and experimental group two (EKT) were given infused water with variations of emprit ginger and lemon and mint leaves. The beep test is used to assess aerobic endurance. Pre-tests and post-tests were given before and after treatment. Data analysis used a paired t-test, followed by one-way ANOVA statistical analysis with SPSS-25. The results showed that there was a difference in pre-test and post-test aerobic endurance in the EKO group with a sig value of 0.011 < α= 0.05, but there was no difference in pre-test and post-test aerobic endurance in the EKT group with a sig value of 0.052 > α= 0.05. If the post-test results of the experimental group are compared with the control group, a significance value (p-value) = 0.804 > α= 0.05 is obtained. It was concluded that giving red ginger water infusion could significantly increase aerobic endurance before and after treatment. Meanwhile, when giving emprit ginger-infused water, there was no significant difference in aerobic endurance before and after treatment. Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference in aerobic endurance between the control and experimental groups. Keywords: Effectiveness, Ginger, Infused Water, Aerobic Endurance.
Fabrication of (Ge0.42Sn0.58)S Thin Films via Co-Evaporation and Their Solar Cell Applications

In this study, as a novel approach to thin-film solar cells based on tin sulfide, an environmentally friendly material, we attempted to fabricate (Ge, Sn)S thin films for application in multi-junction solar cells. A (Ge0.42 Sn0.58)S thin film was prepared via co-evaporation. The (Ge0.42 Sn0.58)S thin film formed a (Ge, Sn)S solid solution, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy analyses. The open circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current density (Jsc), fill factor (FF), and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of (Ge0.42 Sn0.58)S thin-film solar cells were 0.29 V, 6.92 mA/cm2, 0.34, and 0.67%, respectively; moreover, the device showed a band gap of 1.42–1.52 eV. We showed that solar cells can be realized even in a composition range with a relatively higher Ge concentration than the (Ge, Sn)S solar cells reported to date. This result enhances the feasibility of multi-junction SnS-system thin-film solar cells.
Weather noise impact on the uncertainty of simulated water balance components of river basins

ABSTRACT Assessments of hydrological response to climatic changes are characterized by different types of uncertainties. Here, the uncertainty caused by weather noise associated with the chaotic character of atmospheric processes is considered. A technique for estimating such uncertainty in simulated water balance components based on application of the land surface model SWAP and the climate model ECHAM5 is described. The technique is applied for estimating the uncertainties in the simulated water balance components (precipitation, river runoff and evapotranspiration) of some northern river basins of Russia. It is shown that the larger the area of a basin the less the uncertainty. This dependency is smoothed by differences in natural conditions of the basins. Analysis of the spectral densities of water balance components shows that a river basin filters out high-frequency harmonics of spectral density of precipitation (corresponding to synoptic or sub-seasonal scale) during its transformation into evapotranspiration and especially into runoff. EDITOR D. Koutsoyiannis ASSOCIATE EDITOR H. Kreibich
WS2-Graphene van der Waals Heterostructure as Promising Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries: A First-Principles Approach

In this work, we report the results of density functional theory (DFT) calculations on a van der Waals (VdW) heterostructure formed by vertically stacking single-layers of tungsten disulfide and graphene (WS2/graphene) for use as an anode material in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The electronic properties of the heterostructure reveal that the graphene layer improves the electronic conductivity of this hybrid system. Phonon calculations demonstrate that the WS2/graphene heterostructure is dynamically stable. Charge transfer from Li to the WS2/graphene heterostructure further enhances its metallic character. Moreover, the Li binding energy in this heterostructure is higher than that of the Li metal’s cohesive energy, significantly reducing the possibility of Li-dendrite formation in this WS2/graphene electrode. Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations of the lithiated WS2/graphene heterostructure show the system’s thermal stability. Additionally, we explore the effect of heteroatom doping (boron (B) and nitrogen (N)) on the graphene layer of the heterostructure and its impact on Li-adsorption ability. The results suggest that B-doping strengthens the Li-adsorption energy. Notably, the calculated open-circuit voltage (OCV) and Li-diffusion energy barrier further support the potential of this heterostructure as a promising anode material for LIBs.
Compact Microstrip NWB/DWB BPFs With Controllable Isolation Bandwidth for Interference Rejection

In this paper, a novel and planar topology, which can be used to design notched-/dual-wideband bandpass filters (NWB/DWB BPFs) with controllable isolation bandwidth, is presented for interference rejection. Here, the isolation band is referred to notch band for NWB BPFs, while stopband between two passbands for DWB BPFs. The proposed topology is started from a novel T-shaped resonator with two poles and three zeros. Then, a pair of parallel-coupled lines and two open-ended stubs is added. With the help of the added parts, the extra four poles are introduced, and another two zeros are suppressed or excited according to whether it is required to realize a notched- or dual-band response. Due to the existence of multiple transmission poles and zeros, the excellent filtering responses, i.e., high isolation level, sharp selectivity, and good passband flatness, can be achieved. Besides, it is found that the isolation bandwidth of BPFs based on the proposed topology can be continuously varied from a narrow notch band to a wide stopband while the outer two passband edges are maintained unchanged by using suitable para-meters. To validate this, two prototypes are designed and measured, including a six-mode NWB BPF with 3-dB passband fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 94.1% and 20-dB notch FBW of 2.39%, and a three-mode DWB BPF with 3-dB passband FBWs of 36.2% and 22.6% and 20-dB stopband FBW of 14.5%.