Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efectos inhibitorios sobre el aprendizaje olfativo en la abeja doméstica (Apis mellifera)

Entre los multiples estimulos percibidos del entorno, los animales deben ser capaces de seleccionar aquellos que les sean utiles para sobrevivir. A tal efecto, las experiencias previas permiten diferenciar los estimulos relevantes de aquellos que no lo son; en especial esta Tesis se focalizara en los relacionados con la busqueda y obtencion de alimento. Cuando se pretende asociar un estimulo, que ha sido preexpuesto en el ambiente, a una recompensa, puede resultar dificil establecer una contingencia entre ellos. Este fenomeno ha sido definido como inhibicion latente (IL) y se lo ha explorado a lo largo de esta Tesis usando como modelo experimental a la abeja Apis mellifera. A partir de ensayos de condicionamiento olfativo se evaluaron los efectos de volatiles preexpuestos tanto en el contexto social de la colmena como bajo condiciones experimentales controladas. Los volatiles preexpuestos en una colmena reducen las preferencias de las abejas hacia una fuente de alimento aromatizada con ese olor. Ademas, durante un condicionamiento clasico evaluado bajo el protocolo de extension de proboscide, la preexposicion olfativa dificulta la adquisicion de una relacion predictiva entre el olor preexpuesto y una recompensa. Esta reduccion en el aprendizaje varia con la identidad del olor, siendo olor-especifica. Si bien este fenomeno fue evidenciado para todas las categorias de edades de la casta obrera, en ninguna de ellas este efecto duro mas de 24 hs. Asimismo, la preexposicion de volatiles no provoco ningun cambio en la sensibilidad gustativa al azucar de individuos de edades pre-recolectoras. Sin embargo, si se observo que exposiciones prolongadas o mayores concentraciones del volatil afectan la persistencia de la IL. Finalmente, se estudiaron las vias aminergicas involucradas en la IL de la abeja melifera; para lo cual se realizaron tratamientos farmacologicos que involucraron el uso de antagonistas de algunas aminas biogenicas (octopamina, dopamina y serotonina). Los resultados sugieren que la via serotoninergica podria estar involucrada en la modulacion de la IL en la abeja melifera. Los resultados de esta Tesis muestran, por un lado, que los olores preexpuestos pueden reducir el rendimiento del aprendizaje asociativo si el mismo es subsecuentemente pareado con el alimento. Esta situacion puede tener implicancias a nivel social, pudiendo influir en la propagacion de informacion floral olfativa dentro de la colmena. Por otro lado, el hecho de que por primera vez se haya mostrado una interrupcion de la IL mediante tratamientos farmacologicos abre nuevas perspectivas con relacion al estudio de las vias neurales involucradas en este fenomeno en insectos.
A contribution to the snowbed liverwort flora of the Tatra Mountains (Western Carpathians, Poland and Slovakia)

The article is a first update of the list of liverwort localities published in A synopsis of liverworts occurring in the Tatra Mountains (Western Carpathians, Poland and Slovakia): checklist, distribution, and new data (górSKi & váňa 2014). It presents localities of 19 liverwort species collected during 2003–2014 in snowbeds in the entire area of the Tatra Mts. Moreover, for some species, localities from habitats other than snowbeds were given. Localities of the following liverworts are presented: Anthelia juratzkana, Cephalozia ambigua, C. bicuspidata, Diplophyllum taxifolium, Fuscocephaloziopsis albescens [= Pleurocladula albescens], Gymnocolea inflata, Gymnomitrion adustum [= Marsupella adusta], G. concinnatum, G. brevissimum [= Marsupella brevissima], Lophozia wenzelii, Marsupella boeckii, M. condensata, M. emarginata, M. sprucei, Moerckia blyttii, Nardia scalaris, Pseudolopho­ zia sudetica [= Lophozia sudetica], Schistochilopsis opacifolia [= Lophozia incisa subsp. opacifolia] and Trilophozia quinquedentata [= Tritomaria quinquedentata]. key words: liverworts, snowbeds, Tatra Mts, Western Carpathians, Poland, Slovakia
Modélisation numérique du comportement à long terme des ouvrages souterrains

De meme maniere que les sols, les materiaux rocheux rencontres dans le cadre des etudes et realisations d’ouvrages souterrains sont susceptibles de presenter un comportement visqueux a plus ou moins breve echeance, et sous des etats de contrainte tres varies, fonction de leur nature geologique. Ces phenomenes de fluage ne deviennent plus negligeables pour les excavations realisees dans des roches sedimentaires tendres, telles que les facies marneux des massifs molassiques. Cet article presente le developpement et la mise au point d’un modele de comportement viscoplastique, adapte au besoin de l’ingenieur d’etude, permettant de simuler le comportement a long terme d’excavations souterraines. Les hypotheses et principales equations a la base de ce modele rheologique sont presentees. Les possibilites de ce modele sont exposees ainsi qu’une application concrete a un ouvrage souterrain en cours de realisation.
Evaluación y detección bioinformática de terpenoides con potencial inhibitorio de la proteína viral 1 (VP1) del virus de la bursitis infecciosa

El virus de la bursitis infecciosa (IBDV) es el agente causal de la enfermedad de la bursa, la cual afecta principalmente a poblaciones avícolas jóvenes y genera un impacto económico negativo en la producción. La proteína vira 1 (VP1) es una enzima con funciones clave para la replicación del genoma viral, por lo que puede ser considerada blanco para la búsqueda de compuestos con posibles actividades inhibitorias. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar terpenoides con potencial inhibitorio de la proteína VP1 del IBDV mediante herramientas de aproximaciones bioinformáticas. Se seleccionó un total de 52 terpenoides, cuyas propiedades farmacológicas, farmacocinéticas y tóxicas (ADME-Tox) se evaluaron. Las moléculas sin actividades tóxicas y con aptitudes farmacocinéticas fueron sometidas a pruebas exhaustivas de acoplamiento molecular con el sitio catalítico de la VP1 mediante el uso del algoritmo genético y de Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno junto con el método de optimización local de gradientes. Los datos obtenidos revelaron que la Giberelina A1 presenta valores de energía libre de unión significativamente (P < 0,05) favorables (ΔG=-7,28±0,06 kcal/mol; Kdcalc= 8,62±0,99 μM) en comparación con los sustratos rCTP y rGTP. El complejo Giberelina A1-VP1 presenta puentes de hidrógeno con los residuos Arg335 y Asp402, los cuales cumplen roles importantes en la actividad catalítica en la replicación viral. Estos hallazgos sugieren que el terpenoide Giberelina A1 puede ser considerado como compuesto candidato para estudios in vitro de inhibición de funciones de la VP1 e in vivo de actividades antivirales contra el virus de la bursitis infecciosa.
Isolated Laryngeal Angioedema in a Patient with Long-term ACE Inhibitor Use: A Case Report

Introduction Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor-associated angioedema is the most common cause of angioedema seen in the emergency department (ED) and can be associated with a high morbidity. Most cases occur within months of initiation of an ACE inhibitor and are associated with facial and/or oropharyngeal swelling. We present a case of isolated laryngeal edema requiring intubation following 10 years of ACE inhibitor therapy. Case Report An 82-year-old female, who was on lisinopril therapy for 10 years, presented to the ED with shortness of breath and a sensation that her throat was swelling. She appeared to be in mild respiratory distress and could only speak in one-word sentences. On the physical exam, there was no swelling in the tongue, lips, or face, and the uvula was midline. There was mild posterior pharyngeal edema and swelling noted, but the airway was not visibly obstructed. She was tachypneic and stridor was present. After no improvement with medications, anesthesia successfully intubated her in the operating room. It was deemed a difficult airway secondary to posterior pharyngeal erythema and edema. She was diagnosed with ACE inhibitor-associated angioedema and was extubated four days later. Her lisinopril was discontinued, and she has not had a recurrence of angioedema. Conclusion ACE inhibitor-induced angioedema commonly presents with facial and oropharyngeal swelling. Its recognition, even years after starting an ACE inhibitor, is necessary to ensure swift and appropriate treatment of potentially life-threatening posterior pharyngeal edema.
Productivity and economics of different wheat (Triticum aestivum) based cropping sequences

A field study was carried out for three years at the experimental f a n of the Directorate of Wheat Research, Karnal to compare the productivity and economics of six important wheat based cropping sequences. Among the crop sequences tried, the most remunerative crop sequence was the one where Pusa Basmati were grown during kharif and wheat during rabiseason with and without green manuring in one year crop rotation followed by the sequences where a crop of berseem was included during rabi or soybean and Pusa Basmati were grown during kharif in two-year rotation. Maize-wheat rotation gave the lowest average returns and the least profit. In basmati-rice-wheat sequence, on an average about 85% net return was contributed by basmati rice and only 15% by wheat. Among the crops, the most remunerative was basmati rice followed by berseem, soybean and last profitable was maize. J
Catalyst-Free Cardanol-Based Epoxy Vitrimers for Self-Healing, Shape Memory, and Recyclable Materials

Bio-based vitrimers present a promising solution to the issues associated with non-renewable and non-recyclable attributes of traditional thermosetting resins, showcasing extensive potential for diverse applications. However, their broader adoption has been hindered by the requirement for catalyst inclusion during the synthesis process. In this study, a cardanol-based curing agent with poly-hydroxy and tertiary amine structures was prepared by a clean synthetic method under the theory of click chemistry. The reaction of a cardanol-based curing agent with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A formed catalyst-free, self-healing, and recyclable bio-based vitrimers. The poly-hydroxy and tertiary amine structures in the vitrimers promoted the curing of epoxy-carboxylic acid in the cross-linked network and served as internal catalysts of dynamic transesterification. In the absence of catalysts, the vitrimers network can achieve topological network rearrangement through dynamic transesterification, exhibiting excellent reprocessing performance. Moreover, the vitrimers exhibited faster stress relaxation (1500 s at 180 °C), lower activation energy (92.29 kJ·mol−1) and the tensile strength of the recycled material reached almost 100% of the original sample. This work offers a new method for preparing cardanol-based epoxy vitrimers that be used to make coatings, hydrogels, biomaterials, adhesives, and commodity plastics in the future.
Antiviral and Antibacterial 3D-Printed Products Functionalised with Poly(hexamethylene biguanide)

Infection prevention and public health are a vital concern worldwide, especially during pandemics such as COVID-19 and seasonal influenza. Frequent manual disinfection and use of chemical spray coatings at public facilities are the typical measures taken to protect people from coronaviruses and other pathogens. However, limitations of human resources and coating durability, as well as the safety of disinfectants used are the major concerns in society during a pandemic. Non-leachable antimicrobial agent poly(hexamethylene biguanide) (PHMB) was mixed into photocurable liquid resins to produce novel and tailor-made covers for public facilities via digital light processing, which is a popular 3D printing technique for satisfactory printing resolution. Potent efficacies of the 3D-printed plastics were achieved in standard antibacterial assessments against S. aureus, E. coli and K. pneumoniae. A total of 99.9% of Human coronavirus 229E was killed after being in contact with the 3D-printed samples (containing the promising PHMB formulation) for two hours. In an eight-week field test in Hong Kong Wetland Park, antibacterial performances of the specially designed 3D-printed covers analysed by environmental swabbing were also found to be satisfactory. With these remarkable outcomes, antimicrobial products prepared by digital light processing 3D printing can be regarded as a reliable solution to long-term infection prevention and control.
Sports-related concussion history, reporting behaviours, knowledge, and attitudes in Pakistani university student-athletes.

Objective To assess student-athletes' knowledge and attitudes towards sport-related concussions and to investigate concussion history and reporting behaviours. METHODS The cross-sectional, survey-based study was conducted from September 2020 to June 2021 after approval from the research ethics committee of Universiti Malaya, Malaysia, and comprised student-athletes of either gender aged 18 years or above at various universities across Pakistan and who played contact or collision sports for their universities. Data was collected using the Urdu version of the Rosenbaum Concussion Knowledge and Attitudes Survey-Student Version. Data was also gathered about the participants' self-reported exposure to formal concussion education, previous sport-related concussion history, and reporting behaviours, where applicable. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. RESULTS Of the 369 participants, 224(60.7%) were males and 145(39.3%) were females. The overall mean age was 19.95±1.75 years. Among the participants, 327(88.6%) had not received formal concussion education. The mean knowledge score was 12.76±2.73 out of a possible 25 points, and the mean attitude score was 38.63±10.30 out of 75 points. Knowledge had a weak positive correlation with attitude towards sport-related concussions SRC (p<0.05). Females displayed better attitudes towards sport-related concussions than their male counterparts (p<0.05). Overall, 126(34%) participants had experienced sport-related concussion symptoms following a blow to the head in the preceding 12 months, and 81(64.3%) of them had continued playing while being symptomatic. Conclusion Pakistani university student-athletes lacked adequate concussion knowledge and held poor attitudes towards sport-related concussions.
Uncovering Mechanisms of Phytoplankton Response to Climate Change

Uncovering Mechanisms of Phytoplankton Response to Climate Change Gwenn M. Miller Hennon Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor E. Virginia Armbrust School of Oceanography Phytoplankton are responsible for approximately half the primary production on earth, fueling marine food webs and driving the cycling of carbon and inorganic nutrients in the oceans. Climate change is predicted to alter the marine environment by elevating carbon dioxide, increasing temperature, and decreasing the availability of inorganic nutrients in the surface ocean where phytoplankton dominate. To predict phytoplankton productivity and abundance in the future requires an understanding of the mechanisms of phytoplankton response to these environmental changes. Here we investigate how a model phytoplankton, Thalassiosira pseudonana, acclimates to increasing carbon dioxide through physiological and gene expression changes, and how picophytoplankton communities in the tropical Atlantic respond to variations in temperature and nutrient availability. By uncovering mechanisms of phytoplankton response to environmental variables we gain new insights into predicting how marine food webs and biogeochemical cycles may be altered by climate change.
Beluga, Delphinapterus leucas, Group Sizes in Cook Inlet, Alaska, Based on Observer Counts and Aerial Video

Belugas, Delphinapterus leucas, groups were videotaped concurrent to observer counts during annual NMFS aerial surveys of Cook Inlet, Alaska, from 1994 to 2000. The videotapes provided permanent records of whale groups that could be examined and compared to group size estimates ade by aerial observers.Examination of the video recordings resulted in 275 counts of 79 whale groups. The McLaren formula was used to account for whales missed while they were underwater (average correction factor 2.03; SD=0.64). A correction for whales missed due to video resolution was developed by using a second, paired video camera that magnified images relative to the standard video. This analysis showed that some whales were missed either because their image size fell below the resolution of hte standard video recording or because two whales surfaced so close to each other that their images appeared to be one large whale. The correction method that resulted depended on knowing the average whale image size in the videotapes. Image sizes were measured for 2,775 whales from 275 different passes over whale groups. Corrected group sizes were calcualted as the product of the original count from video, the correction factor for whales missed underwater, and the correction factor for whales missed due to video resolution (averaged 1.17; SD=0.06). A regression formula was developed to estimate group sizes from aerial observer counts; independent variables were the aerial counts and an interaction term relative to encounter rate (whales per second during the counting of a group), which were regressed against the respective group sizes as calculated from the videotapes. Significant effects of encounter rate, either positive or negative, were found for several observers. This formula was used to estimate group size when video was not available. The estimated group sizes were used in the annual abundance estimates.
Bioactive Compounds and Pharmacological Potential of Hojasen (Flourensia cernua): A Mini review

Flourensia cernua, commonly known as hojasen, is a shrub that is widely distributed in northern Mexico and the southern United States. The presence of this shrub indicates the characteristic flora of the Chihuahuan desert and southern Arizona, and it is an endemic plant of the Coahuila region in Mexico. The leaves and flowers of F. cernua are commercially available in Mexican markets for preparing infusions and are used as traditional medicine, mainly for gastrointestinal disorders such as indigestion, diarrhea, stomach pain, and dysentery, among others. Several studies have shown that F. cernua extracts contain bioactive compounds that can act as antioxidants in vitro by stopping free radicals from doing damage. In addition, F. cernua extracts have antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi. Additionally, F. cernua extracts have demonstrated antibacterial effects against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Also, the anti-inflammatory effect of leaf extract at different doses has been studied to see how it affects the production of inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) in macrophage cultures. Therefore, identifying its components and pharmacological properties can promote its use as an adjunct or therapeutic candidate in controlling various diseases. With its potential to alleviate gastrointestinal issues, provide antioxidant protection, and inhibit fungi and bacteria, hojasen extract may prove to be a valuable addition to the treatment of many diseases. This minireview aims to expand the existing knowledge about hojasen, a semi-desert shrub that possesses different bioactive compounds belonging to families of interest such as flavonoids, sesquiterpenoids, and coumarins, hoping to arouse the interest of other researchers to further investigate the activities, properties and uses attributed to Flourensia cernua.
Understanding the Molecular Regulatory Networks of Seed Size in Soybean

Soybean being a major cash crop provides half of the vegetable oil and a quarter of the plant proteins to the global population. Seed size traits are the most important agronomic traits determining the soybean yield. These are complex traits governed by polygenes with low heritability as well as are highly influenced by the environment as well as by genotype x environment interactions. Although, extensive efforts have been made to unravel the genetic basis and molecular mechanism of seed size in soybean. But most of these efforts were majorly limited to QTL identification, and only a few genes for seed size were isolated and their molecular mechanism was elucidated. Hence, elucidating the detailed molecular regulatory networks controlling seed size in soybeans has been an important area of research in soybeans from the past decades. This paper describes the current progress of genetic architecture, molecular mechanisms, and regulatory networks for seed sizes of soybeans. Additionally, the main problems and bottlenecks/challenges soybean researchers currently face in seed size research are also discussed. This review summarizes the comprehensive and systematic information to the soybean researchers regarding the molecular understanding of seed size in soybeans and will help future research work on seed size in soybeans.
Fault Diagnosis in Wind Turbine Current Sensors: Detecting Single and Multiple Faults with the Extended Kalman Filter Bank Approach

Currently, in modern wind farms, the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) is commonly adopted for its ability to operate at variable wind speeds. Generally, this type of wind turbine is controlled by using two converters, one on the rotor side (RSC) and the other one on the grid side (GSC). However, the control of these two converters depends mainly on current sensors measurements. Nevertheless, in the case of sensor failure, control stability may be compromised, leading to serious malfunctions in the wind turbine system. Therefore, in this article, we will present an innovative diagnostic approach to detect, locate, and isolate the single and/or multiple real-phase current sensors in both converters. The suggested approach uses an extended Kalman filter (EKF) bank structured according to a generalized observer scheme (GOS) and relies on a nonlinear model for the RSC and a linear model for the GSC. The EKF estimates the currents in the converters, which are then compared to sensor measurements to generate residuals. These residuals are then processed in the localization, isolation, and decision blocks to precisely identify faulty sensors. The obtained results confirm the effectiveness of this approach to identify faulty sensors in the abc phases. It also demonstrates its ability to overcome the nonlinearity induced by wind fluctuations, as well as resolves the coupling issue between currents in the fault period.
Optimisation de requêtes dynamiques pour l'analyse de la biodiversité

La quantite des donnees produites par de nombreux domaines augmente constamment et rend leur traitement de plus en plus difficile a gerer. Parmi ces domaines nous nous interessons a la biodiversite pour laquelle le GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility) vise a federer et partager les donnees de biodiversite produites par de nombreux fournisseurs a l’echelle mondiale. Aujourd’hui, avec un nombre croissant d’utilisateurs caracterises par un comportement versatile et une frequence d’acces aux donnees tres aleatoire, les solutions actuelles n’ont pas ete concues pour s’adapter dynamiquement a ce type de situation. Par ailleurs, avec un nombre croissant de fournisseurs de donnees et d’utilisateurs qui interrogent sa base, le GBIF est confronte a un probleme d’efficacite difficile a resoudre. Nous visons, dans cet article, a resoudre les problemes de performances du GBIF. Dans cette perspective, nous proposons une approche d’optimisation de requete d’analyse de donnees de biodiversite qui s’adapte dynamiquement au contexte des environnements repartis a large echelle pour garantir la disponibilite des donnees. L’implementation de notre solution et les resultats des experiences sont satisfaisants pour la garantie de performance et du passage a l’echelle.