Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Short term changes in corneal stress-strain index and other corneal biomechanical parameters post-laser in situ keratomileusis

Purpose: To report the short-term changes in a corneal stress-strain index (SSI) and other corneal biomechanical parameters post-laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary eye care center wherein patients who had undergone LASIK (microkeratome blade and femtosecond bladeless LASIK) between July and December 2019 were enrolled. Patients of age group 20–40 years, best-corrected visual acuity of 20/20, intraocular pressure (IOP) <22 mmHg, pre-LASIK pachymetry >500 microns, and corneal astigmatism ≤3.00 D were included. Subjects with a prior history of refractive surgery, any other ocular or systemic disease, poor-quality scans, intraoperative complications, and missing data were excluded. Corneal biomechanical properties including SSI were analyzed using Corvis ST and compared using the Paired T-test for each group separately at pre-LASIK, and 1-month post-operatively. Results: Overall, 202 eyes were reviewed, and 79 eyes fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Forty-three and 36 eyes had undergone Microkeratome Blade LASIK (Group I) and Femto LASIK (Group II), respectively. Overall, 29 and 26 corneal biomechanical parameters out of 33 changed significantly post-Microkeratome Blade LASIK and Femto LASIK, respectively. Statistically significant changes were noted in all the parameters at A1, maximum and Vinciguerra screening parameters (P < 0.001), however, no changes were noted in SSI in both the groups when compared with the pre-surgery data. Conclusion: Though the reduction in SSI was not statistically significant, other biomechanical parameters showed significant biomechanical changes pre- and post-LASIK surgeries in both the groups. However, a long-term study with a larger sample size would be required to understand the changes and stability in SSI post-refractive surgery.
A monoallelic SEC23A variant E599K associated with cranio‐lenticulo‐sutural dysplasia

Cranio‐lenticulo‐sutural dysplasia (CLSD; MIM 607812) is a rare or underdiagnosed condition, as only two families have been reported. The original family (Boyadjiev et al., Human Genetics, 2003, 113, 1–9 and Boyadjiev et al., Nature Genetics, 2006, 38, 1192–1197) showed recessive inheritance of the condition with a biallelic SEC23A missense variant in affected individuals. In contrast, another child with sporadic CLSD had a monoallelic SEC23A variant inherited from the reportedly unaffected father (Boyadjiev et al., Clinical Genetics, 2011, 80, 169–176), raising questions on possible digenism. Here, we report a 2‐month‐old boy seen because of large fontanels with wide cranial sutures, a large forehead, hypertelorism, a thin nose, a high arched palate, and micrognathia. His mother was clinically unremarkable, while his father had a history of large fontanels in infancy who had closed only around age 10 years; he also had a large forehead, hypertelorism, a thin, beaked nose and was operated for bilateral glaucoma with exfoliation of the lens capsule. Trio genome sequencing and familial segregation revealed a monoallelic c.1795G > A transition in SEC23A that was de novo in the father and transmitted to the proband. The variant predicts a nonconservative substitution (p.E599K) in an ultra‐conserved residue that is seen in 3D models of yeast SEC23 to be involved in direct binding between SEC23 and SAR1 subunits of the coat protein complex II coat. This observation confirms the link between SEC23A variants and CLSD but suggests that in addition to the recessive inheritance described in the original family, SEC23A variants may result in dominant inheritance of CLSD, possibly by a dominant‐negative disruptive effect on the SEC23 multimer.
In ovo application of a live infectious bursal disease vaccine to commercial broilers confers proper immunity

ABSTRACT Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an economically important disease of young chickens caused by the Avibirnavirus infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Besides biosecurity, vaccination is the most important measure for IBDV control. Sufficient levels of maternally derived antibodies (MDA) protect against early challenge and also interfere with the take of live conventional vaccines. Recently, the field surveys conducted in four countries, published by Ashash, U. , Noach, C. , Perelman, B. , Costello, C. , Sansalone, P., Brazil, T. & Raviv, Z. [(2019). In ovo and day of hatch application of a live infectious bursal disease virus vaccine to commercial broilers. Avian Diseases, 63, 713–720] using the MB-1 vaccine strain by in ovo application or sub-cutaneous route at the day of hatch seem to conflict with the rule that very early application of a conventional live vaccine in birds with significant levels of MDA has very little chance of a successful immune response. An in ovo vaccination-challenge controlled experiment with MB-1 vaccine was performed using commercial broilers with high levels of MDA against IBDV and a vvIBDV challenge at 22 or 36 days of age. Clinical signs, bursa-bodyweight ratios, histology, serology, RT–PCR, Sanger- and deep sequencing were used to study the efficacy and safety of the in ovo-applied MB1 vaccine in comparison to an established immuno-complex vaccine. The study findings confirmed that the in ovo application of the live MB-1 vaccine in commercial broilers was successful and induced full protection against a vvIBDV challenge at 22 and 36 days of age, demonstrated by the bursa lesion score and qPCR and IBDV genotyping. Comparable to the field studies, a delayed viral replication of 2–3 weeks, following the in ovo administration of the MB1 vaccine, was observed.
Sex differences in ambulatory blood pressure levels, control, and phenotypes of hypertension in kidney transplant recipients

Objectives: Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) control is worse in men compared with women with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and this may partially explain the faster CKD progression in men. This is the first study investigating possible sex differences in prevalence, control and phenotypes of hypertension in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) with office-BP and 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM). Methods: This cross-sectional study included 136 male and 69 female stable KTRs who underwent office-BP measurements and 24-h ABPM. Hypertension thresholds for office and ambulatory BP were defined according to the 2017 ACC/AHA and 2021 KDIGO guidelines for KTRs. Results: Age, time from transplantation, eGFR and history of major comorbidities did not differ between groups. Office SBP/DBP levels were insignificantly higher in men than women (130.3 ± 16.3/77.3 ± 9.4 vs. 126.4 ± 17.8/74.9 ± 11.5 mmHg; P = 0.118/0.104) but daytime SBP/DBP was significantly higher in men (128.5 ± 12.1/83.0 ± 8.2 vs. 124.6 ± 11.9/80.3 ± 9.3 mmHg; P = 0.032/P = 0.044). No significant between-group differences were detected for night-time BP. The prevalence of hypertension was similar by office-BP criteria (93.4 vs. 91.3%; P = 0.589), but higher in men than women with ABPM (100 vs. 95.7%; P = 0.014). The use of ACEIs/ARBs and CCBs was more common in men. Office-BP control was similar (43.3 vs. 44.4%, P = 0.882), but 24-h control was significantly lower in men than women (16.9 vs. 30.3%; P = 0.029). White-coat hypertension was similar (5.1 vs. 7.6%; P = 0.493), whereas masked hypertension was insignificantly more prevalent in men than women (35.3 vs. 24.2%; P = 0.113). Conclusion: BP levels, hypertension prevalence and control are similar by office criteria but significantly different by ABPM criteria between male and female KTRs. Worse ambulatory BP control in male compared with female KTRs may interfere with renal and cardiovascular outcomes.
The influence of endogenous and exogenous hormonal factors on migraine in spontaneous postmenopausal women: A nationwide population-based study in South Korea

Background Hormonal and menstrual factors are known to influence migraines in women. However, studies in the postmenopausal period are relatively insufficient for clinical translation. This study investigated the influence of endogenous and exogenous hormonal factors on migraines in spontaneous menopausal women. Methods We obtained and analyzed the data related to hormonal factors from the Korean Health Examination database. A migraine diagnosis was identified using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database between 2009 and 2018. We observed migraine occurrence in spontaneous postmenopausal women. Study populations were divided into two groups depending on new diagnosis of migraine during the follow up periods. We investigated the association between endogenous and exogenous hormonal factors and migraine. Results 1,114,742 spontaneous postmenopausal women were enrolled. Migraine risk tended to increase in the shorter lifetime number of years of menstruation group compared to the group with lifetime number of years of menstruation ≥40 years. All of the hormone replacement therapy (HRT) groups showed higher risk compared with the non-HRT group. Migraine risk tends to increase with greater postmenopausal years compared to the postmenopausal <5 years group. Conclusion Our study suggests that female hormonal factors, including endogenous and exogenous estrogen exposure, may be associated with migraine occurrence in spontaneous menopausal women.
Multifactorial causal beliefs and colorectal cancer screening: A structural equation modeling investigation

We tested a conceptual model that describes the relationship between individuals’ understanding of the multifactorial nature of cancer and their self-reported colorectal cancer screening. We collected cross-sectional survey data from 205 men and women age 50–75. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The proposed model had reasonable fit (RMSEA = 0.09, CFI = 0.65). Multifactorial causal beliefs were associated with cancer risk perceptions (β = 0.16, p = 0.019) and more optimistic cancer cognitions (β = 0.17, p = 0.013). However, these constructs were not associated with colorectal cancer screening (p’s > 0.05). Further testing could reveal whether this model can be applied to other cancer-related health behaviors including lifestyle changes and genetic testing.
Premature menopause among women in India: Evidence from National Family Health Survey‐IV

Women who experience premature menopause either due to biological or induced reasons have a longer duration of exposure to severe symptoms and adverse health consequences when compared to those who undergo menopause at later age. Despite the fact that premature menopause has a profound effect on the health of women, there has been limited study on this issue. Therefore, this study attempted to determine the prevalence and factors associated with premature menopause among 302 557 women aged 25–39 years in India.
Toceranib: Isolated acute liver injury following ingestion of a canine tyrosine kinase inhibitor treated with N-acetylcysteine

hydrochloric acid ingestion in a suicide attempt. Am J Emerg Med. 2008;26(5):634.e5–e7. [4] Yeh IJ, Liu KT. ST segment elevation associated with hydrochloric acid ingestion: a case report. Medicine. 2017;96(47):e8819. [5] San Antonio R, Pujol L opez M, Perea RJ, et al. ST-segment elevation mimicking myocardial infarction after hydrochloric acid ingestion: acute caustic myocarditis. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr. 2017;11(1):70–71.
Association of personal, behavioral and positive psychological variables with somatization and number of diseases in Mexican general population: the influence of gender

ABSTRACT The objective of the study is to determine the personal, behavioral and psychological variables associated with somatization and the number of diseases in each gender from a sample of Mexican general population. They answered a questionnaire of behavioral and psychological variables including somatization and the sum of 16 different diseases and any additional one, finally the body mass index (BMI) was measured. A total of 164 participants (women = 90, men = 74) were included. We observed that women had more somatization and number of diseases than men and that more variables (mainly psychological) were associated with somatization and with the number of diseases in women than in men. Among the variables most negatively correlated in women with both variables were sleep quality (r = −0.525 and r = −0.536, p < 0.001), self-acceptance (r = −0.460 and r = −0.501, p < 0.001), positive relations with others (r = −0.447 and r = −0.441 p < 0.001), environmental mastery (r = −0.414, p < 0.001, for both variables), purpose in life and optimism; while men only showed a low negative correlation between emotion regulation and the number of diseases (r = −0.289, p < 0.05). The positive associated variables in women were anxiety, negative emotions and depression; while men showed a lower correlation between these three variables only with somatization. The somatization and age were positively related to the number of diseases in both genders and the BMI was significantly associated with the number of diseases only in men. In conclusion, women had more somatization and number of diseases than men and also had more relation between psychological variables and the two dependent variables than men, which could in part explains the higher values of somatization and the number of diseases in women, considering that they usually present higher values of psychopathological variables.
Long-term perimetric stabilization with a management algorithm of set target intraocular pressure in different severities of primary angle-closure glaucoma

Purpose: To evaluate long-term perimetric stabilization at set Target (IOPs) in primary angle-closure glaucoma with visual field defects. Methods: Two hundred forty-eight eyes, of 124 primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) patients on medical treatment, and 124 eyes, of 95 patients after trabeculectomy performed at least 5 years prior were evaluated. One hundred eighty-five eyes had a follow-up of ≥10 years. Target IOPs for mild, moderate, and severe glaucomatous optic neuropathy were set at ≤18, ≤15, and ≤12 mmHg, respectively. Progression was evaluated by event-based changes on guided progression analysis. Primary outcome measure was therapy required to achieve individualized Target IOP. Secondary outcome measure was assessment of perimetric change over time. Results: Mean baseline IOP was 23.34 ± 6.16 mmHg in medically treated and 36.08 ± 9.73 mmHg in surgically treated eyes (P = 0.0001). All eyes with a baseline IOP of <25 mmHg were on medications alone, 65.33%, of those with a baseline IOP of 25–30 mmHg were on medications, while 34.67% required trabeculectomy. In total, 91.4% of eyes with a baseline IOP of >30 mmHg underwent a trabeculectomy for achieving Target IOP. Perimetric stabilization was achieved in 98.17% of PACG eyes. “Target” IOP was achieved for mild, moderate, and severe glaucomatous optic neuropathy, medically in 90.2, 73.9, and 29.7%, and surgery was required in 9.8, 26.1, and 70.3%, respectively. Overall analysis found that percentage reduction in IOP was significantly more after trabeculectomy than medical treatment, 64.16 ± 14.91 and 43.61 ± 13.73%, P = 0.0001. Decrease in IOP was significantly greater 5–9 years after trabeculectomy, in comparison to ≥10 years, P = 0.001. Conclusion: Medications controlled IOP to “Target” in PACG eyes with mild and moderate glaucoma for over ≥10 years, when the baseline IOP off treatment was <30 mmHg. Trabeculectomy was necessary in PACG eyes having severe glaucomatous optic neuropathy, or with a baseline IOP of >30 mmHg to achieve Target IOP. These appropriate initial therapeutic interventions and Target IOPs are therefore suggested as a clinically validated algorithm of care for different severities of PACG.
Stress coping strategies and their perceived effectiveness among HIV/AIDS healthcare providers in China: a qualitative study

ABSTRACT Previous studies have suggested that many HIV/AIDS healthcare providers (HCPs), especially those in resource-poor settings, suffer from various work-related stress because of the complexity of HIV/AIDS patients’ medical conditions, occupational exposure, HIV-related stigma, and challenges with patients’ physical, mental, and social conditions. However, data are limited regarding how HIV/AIDS HCPs cope with the stress and their perceived effectiveness of these coping strategies. This qualitative study was designed to explore HCPs’ coping strategies and their perceptions of effectiveness of these strategies. We conducted in-depth face-to-face interviews with 46 HIV/AIDS HCPs in Guangxi, China. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and imported into NVivo V.11. Data were analyzed using a thematic approach. The analysis of the data revealed six general coping strategies: seeking social support, applying problem-solving strategies, adopting healthy lifestyle, developing self-compassion, using mindfulness-based stress reduction methods, and avoidance and escaping. It is imperative to increase institutional support and develop training programs to improve problem-solving skills, healthy lifestyle, and self-compassion among HIV/AIDS HCPs in China.
The Low Carb Program for people with type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes: a mixed methods feasibility study of signposting from general practice

Background Evidence shows type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can be effectively treated with a reduced-carbohydrate diet to support weight loss. Digital apps are increasingly used to support weight loss, yet little is known about their use as part of general practice diabetes care. Aim Determine the feasibility of signposting from routine NHS general practice to a digital weight management tool (Low Carb Program) for patients with T2DM and pre-diabetes. Design & setting Mixed-methods feasibility study implemented within routine general practice consultations at four practices in the Midlands, England. Method General practices offered signposting to eligible patients attending consultations of any type during a 4-week recruitment period. Rates of offering and accepting signposting were recorded, with program registration, program completion, and self-reported health outcomes (weight, haemoglobin A1C [HbA1c]). Results Signposting was offered to 351 patients; 160 (45.6%) accepted, 103 (29.3%) registered with the intervention and 43 (26.9% of patients accepting signposting) completed the programme. GPs reported that signposting added between 1–4 minutes to the consultation length. Patients completing the programme reported greater weight loss (7.2kg versus 1.6kg, P<0.001) and HbA1c improvements (-9.1mmol/mol versus 1.7mmol/mol, P<0.001) compared to those who did not, and were more likely to reduce the number of prescribed diabetes medications in general practice. Conclusions Signposting from real-world general practice to the Low Carb Program is feasible and can potentially improve diabetes outcomes. Further research should explore whether the process of signposting can be enhanced to increase registration, identify whether additional practice-led support leads to increased programme completion, and confirm the intervention’s clinical and cost-effectiveness.
PUTIH DENGAN SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE ( SVM )

UD Sinar Baru has eucalyptus oil products with various sizes from 30 ml to 550 ml, and the size of 550 ml is the most consumed eucalyptus oil product. However, this product has been criticized by consumers for its packaging which has not met their expectations. This study aims to obtain an accurate method of classifying consumer sentiment and obtain features that affect the redesign of the 550 ml eucalyptus oil product packaging. Collecting data using an online survey method from social media facebook to get consumer comments using power queries. Data analysis uses the concept of the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method with the support of the WEKA application to provide sentiment analysis and accuracy of consumer comments. The results of the study present the tendency of comments on each atribute with an assessment of 83% accuracy for the entire class, 3% for positive class comments and 57% comments for negative class. The sentiment that shows the packaging tends to be normal at 20% which is interpreted as neutral. The conclusion from the results of this study is that SMO has a very accurate prediction rate to analyze consumer sentiment about the features of the 550 ml eucalyptus oil packaging, and it is necessary to redesign the current packaging by considering the features of shape, color, size, and efficiency.
Synthesis and evaluation of corrosion inhibitory and adsorptive properties of N-(β-ethoxypropionitrile-N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethylethoxy) fatty amide

The present study reports a synthetic condensation process of a vegetable oil (waste) reacted with triethanolamine, maleic anhydride and acrylonitrile in (1 : 1.2 : 2 : 1) mole ratios to obtain N-(β-ethoxypropionitrile)-N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethylethoxy) fatty amide as a major inhibitory product. Corrosion property of steel in a 3% NaCl solution in the presence of a potential inhibitor was investigated using weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. These methods gave consistent results, from which it is noticeable that inhibition efficiency increases with the increasing concentration of the inhibitor. Gravimetric studies show an increase in the sample mass at an inhibitor concentration of 10 mM, indicative of adsorbed film formation on the surface. The polarization curve results showed that the compound demonstrates itself as an anodic-type inhibitor. A rise in polarization resistance values in the EIS measurements also confirmed that the compound acts as an effective inhibitor of steel corrosion. Furthermore, the R(CR)(QR) equivalent circuit was used to interpret the results obtained in the investigation of the corrosion behaviour of steel in solution with an inhibitor. The standard adsorption free energies calculated from the Langmuir isotherm indicate that adsorption takes place by physical and chemical mechanisms. The presence of adsorbed protective film was confirmed by FT-IR spectrum and SEM micrographs.
A larval aggregation pheromone as foraging cue for insectivorous birds

Although birds have traditionally been considered anosmic, increasing evidence indicates that olfaction plays an important role in the foraging behaviours of insectivorous birds. Recent studies have shown that birds can exploit herbivore-induced plant volatiles and sexual pheromones of adult insects to locate their prey. Many insectivorous birds prey on immature insects, providing relevant ecosystem services as pest regulators in natural and agricultural ecosystems. We asked whether birds could rely on chemical cues emitted by the immature stages of insects to prey on them. To address this question, we performed field experiments to evaluate if insectivorous birds can detect the aggregation pheromone produced by the larvae of the carpenter worm, Chilecomadia valdiviana. Groups of five artificial larvae were placed in branches of 72 adult trees in a remnant fragment of a sclerophyllous forest in central Chile. Each grouping of larvae contained a rubber septum loaded with either larval pheromone as treatment or solvent alone as control. We found that the number of larvae damaged by bird pecks was significantly higher in groups with dispensers containing the larval extract than in control groups. Our results show that birds can rely on immature insect-derived chemical cues used for larvae aggregation to prey on them.