Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A* with Partial Expansion for Large Branching Factor Problems

The multiple sequence alignment problem is one of the important problems in Genome Informatics. The notable feature of this problem is that its state-space forms a lattice. Researchers have applied search algorithms such as A* and memory-bounded search algorithms including SNC to this problem. Unfortunately, previous work could align only seven sequences at most. Korf proposed DCBDS, which exploits the features of a grid, and suggested that DCBDS probably solved this problem, effectively. We found, however, that DCBDS was not effective for aligning many sequences. In this paper, we propose a simple and effective search algorithm, A* with Partial Expansion, for state-spaces with large branching factors. The aim of this algorithm is to store only necessary nodes for findingan optimal solution. In node expansion, A* stores all child nodes, while our algorithm stores only promising child nodes. This mechanism enables us to reduce the memory requirements during a search. We apply our algorithm to the multiple sequence alignment problem. It can align seven sequences with only 4.7% of the stored nodes required by A*.
Forensic Uses of Digital Imaging

From the Publisher: "Forensic Uses of Digital Imaging shows step-by-step how to use digital imaging to its best advantage. Written by the author of the best-selling Image Processing Handbook, it uses numerous examples to explore when and why some procedures are appropriate and what they can be expected to reveal. It demonstrates just what the advantages and shortcomings of digital imaging are and how computer image processing can be used to enhance the ability to access detail without compromising the truth of images. " "Practitioners will learn how to testify about their procedures and results in simple, precise language. Counsel will discover appropriate avenues for questioning to bring forth such explanations, and how to challenge witnesses who may confuse or mislead juries with wrong information or opinions. "--BOOK JACKET.
Alterações genômicas e mutagênicas em duas espécies de anfíbios anuros

Populacoes de anfibios tem diminuido em diversas areas do mundo. Estes declinios tem se agravado nos ultimos 25 anos, fazendo com que esses animais sejam agora considerados mais ameacados do que outros taxons como por exemplo, mamiferos e aves. Numerosos fatores contribuem para esse decrescimo, no entanto, a poluicao do meio ambiente tem sido recentemente citada como um dos principais fatores. Estes vertebrados sao importantes no controle natural de pragas em areas naturais e agricolas, onde estao constantemente expostos a grandes quantidades de pesticidas. Estudos de genotoxicidade com anfibios anuros se fazem importantes para se detectar especies indicadoras de mudancas ambientais. Os anfibios sao particularmente sensiveis a essas variacoes devido as suas caracteristicas comportamentais e fisiologicas, tais como, pele permeavel (respiracao cutânea), pouca mobilidade e ciclo de vida com dependencia simultânea do ambiente aquatico e terrestre. Neste contexto, estes animais podem ser utilizados como bioindicadores da qualidade ambiental em estudos de genotoxicidade e mutagenicidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os danos genomicos em girinos de Dendropsophus minutus e Physalaemus cuvieri amostrados em areas antropizadas e naturais, via ensaio cometa e teste do micronucleo. Os resultados deste estudo detectaram que os girinos de D. minutus e P. cuvieri amostrados em areas antropizadas apresentaram as maiores extensoes de danos genomicos quando comparados com os girinos de areas naturais. Os girinos coletados nas areas de lavoura de soja tiveram maiores danos no DNA, seguidos daqueles amostrados nas plantacoes de milho. Em contrapartida, a frequencia de danos genomicos nos girinos de areas naturais foram significativamente menores em relacao aos danos genomicos sofridos pelos girinos das areas agricolas. Assim, pode se concluir que os girinos das especies D. minutus e P. cuvieri amostrados neste estudo podem ser consideradas excelentes bioindicadores, uma vez que se mostraram sensiveis a alteracoes ambientais. Alem disso, podese ressaltar as vantagens de se utilizar o ensaio cometa em estudos de genotoxicidade ambiental, como sua rapidez, alta sensibilidade em detectar danos no DNA no genoma de anfibios, por um custo relativamente baixo. No entanto faz-se necessario a normatizacao de uma metodologia para estudos de campo, de forma que, os resultados possam ser comparados entre laboratorios diferentes, tornando assim, os estudos de genotoxicidade ambiental envolvendo organismos aquaticos mais informativos e aplicados como uma pratica de rotina.
Effects of ice duration on plankton succession during spring in a shallow polymictic lake

Summary 1. Long-term records of air temperature and ice phenology (ice duration), and phyto- and zooplankton time series (1979–1997) were used to study the effects of ice duration on the successional pattern within plankton communities during spring in a shallow polymictic lake. 2. Water temperature in March was significantly lower after cold winters when compared to average or mild winters. Mean water temperature in April was not significantly different after mild, average or cold winters, but showed an overall significant negative correlation with ice duration. 3. Ice duration affected the timing and the magnitude of the peak abundance of diatoms, rotifers and daphnids during spring, but had no direct effects on the timing and maximum of chlorophytes, cryptophytes, cyanobacteria, bosminids and cyclopoid copepods. 4. Plankton groups which appeared first in the seasonal succession (i.e. diatoms, rotifers and daphnids) reached maximum abundance earlier after mild and average winters. The peak abundance of diatoms was negatively correlated with ice duration, whereas that of rotifers and daphnids was independent of the conditions during the preceding winter. 5. Temperature alone was generally a poor predictor of the timing and magnitude of both phyto- and zooplankton maxima. Turbulence may be important in the timing and the magnitude of peaks in diatoms, while total algal biomass was the most important determinant for the timing of the rotifer maximum. The magnitude of the daphnid maxima were significantly influenced by water temperature in March and April, and by rotifer abundance. The magnitude of the bosminid maximum was correlated with food availability and predation, whereas the timing of the maximum was more closely related to water temperature in May. 6. We conclude that, as a result of the low heat storage capacity of shallow lakes, the effects of winter on planktonic communities are short lived, and soon overtaken by the prevailing weather and by biotic interactions.
Seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris bean carry Rhizobium etli

The presence of soil bacteria on seeds could provide an explanation for bacterial geographical spread. We report that Phaseolus vulgaris bean seeds naturally carry rhizobia on their testa. One hundred eighteen Rhizobium isolates from L-3-1-1-1 seeds were characterized by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and compared to Rhizobium species which form nitrogen fixing nodules on the roots of bean plants. As a result of this and other analyses, seed isolates were classified as R. etli. Seed borne rhizobia are probably moisture limited and are acquired from contaminating soil during the harvesting process as seeds from non-opened pods do not carry them. Rhizobia on seeds are in a presumably desiccated or dormant state as they require a rehydration process during which they are antibiotic sensitive. With an improved procedure to detect rhizobia on seeds, we found that 5 out of 13 Phaseolus vulgaris bean cultivars tested harbor rhizobia on the seeds.
Self-Care Behavior Assessment of Fragile School-Age Children: An Application of Orem's Self-Care Framework

INTRODUCTION: Fragile children who were once called; “terminal cases” nowadays are able to live, due to technical advances; although they are requiring permanent assistance. This study aimed to identify the levels of self-care behavior of school-age medically fragile Jordanian children. METHODS & MATERIAL: A cross-sectional design using Orem self-care behavior questionnaire to measure the level of self-care behavior of 96 medically fragile children in capital city (Amman), who hospitalized at least once at the affiliated hospitals. RESULT: 63. 3%, n=61 children had high level of self-care behavior with overall mean = 62.3 SD=20. ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc comparisons of the three groups indicate that the level of self care behavior at the late school age 12-14 years old (mean = 71.56, SD = 4.71) and the early school age 6-9 years (mean = 67.05, SD = 4.73) reported significantly higher than the middle school age 10-12 years old (mean 66.95, SD = 4.37), p = . 001. A round half of the children complaining of respiratory disease 42.7%, n=41. CONCLUSION: Performing nursing interventions and providing proper discharge plans for school age children and home care for medically fragile children will be based according to the self-care behavior level.
A New Dyspnea Evaluation System Focusing on Patients’ Perceptions of Dyspnea and Their Living Disabilities: The Linkage between COPD and Frailty

Background: As much as there are unmet needs for brief frailty assessment in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the lack of a simplified and comprehensive dyspnea evaluation system that focuses on the patients’ perceptions of dyspnea and their COPD living disabilities remains a major challenge. We developed patient-reported outcome measures for dyspnea-related behavior and activity limitation (PROMs-D), which consisted of the Activity-limit Dyspnea Scale (ADS) and Self-Limit Dyspnea Scale (SDS), while investigated the usefulness of PROMs-D in identifying frailty. Methods: We administered PROMs-D and frailty status evaluations in 128 outpatients. Results: We classified 30 (23.4%), 50 (39.0%), and 48 (37.5%) patients as robust, prefrail, and frail, respectively. There was a positive correlation between SDS and ADS (ρ = 0.67, p < 0.001), and both ADS and SDS had high accuracies for detecting frailty (AUC, 0.82 and 0.78, respectively). Moreover, a PROMs-D score that consisted of the sum of ADS and SDS was more effective in stratifying frailty (cutoff value, 2; AUC, 0.85; sensitivity, 60%; specificity, 95%). Conclusions: PROMs-D could be used as the first step for frailty screening in patients with COPD, and we propose the importance of capturing the troublesome nature of living behaviors due to dyspnea in daily clinical practice.
Building Sustainable Capacity within Under-Represented Communities Through A Deep Partnership Model.

Despite varied programmatic inducements and the documented benefits of Diversity Equity & Inclusion (DE&I), participation rates of underrepresented communities within NASA’s planetary sciences activities have remained low and nearly unchanged over the last decade. The lack of success of various efforts may be attributable to factors identified in social science research. First, the proportionality of under-represented groups has been shown to be critical to achieving the positive impacts of DE&I [1], [2]. When underrepresented groups make up less than ~30%, group dynamics such as assimilation or tokenism routinely appear, with destructive and counter-productive results. Additionally, if participation only occurs within limited segments of an organization, benefits may be limited. Proportionality must extend across all levels or layers of the organization for the benefits of DE&I to accrue. Second, the inclusion of “Third Spaces” in the planning and support of DE&I efforts is critical to the long-term success or “stickiness” of DE&I activities. Third Spaces are those beyond home (First Space) and work (Second Space) where informal, communitybuilding activities occur [3]. Examples include conferences, after-work activities, and weekend social engagements. Without explicitly acknowledging and including “Third Space” interactions, DE&I efforts can fall short of their long-term goals. In 2014, the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP) at the University of Colorado Boulder began a partnership with the United Arab Emirates to develop and fly a space mission to Mars [4]. The scientific mission had an explicit goal of training scientists and engineers, and creating a sustainable ecosystem that would spark and accelerate the UAE’s space economy. To accomplish this, LASP and the UAE set up a program that matched scientists and engineers in one-on-one mentorship relationships, at all levels of the organization. Over the course of the roughly 4-year project, those partnering relationships fostered not only strong professional relationships and knowledge transfer, but also personal friendships that extended into “Third Spaces. ” The UAE/LASP partnership now continues through the co-development of an asteroid mission currently in definition phase. In collaboration with NASA Ames Research Center, LASP is developing the conceptual framework to extend this deep partnership model to domestic opportunities. By implementing a planetary science mission that employs an analogous one-on-one partnership model across all elements of the organization, this project will demonstrate how proportionality and Third Space relationships can enable the development of localized, sustainable communities that are explicitly and deeply engaged with the NASA ecosystem.
Rice Cytokinin GATA Transcription Factor1 Regulates Chloroplast Development and Plant Architecture1[W][OA]

Altering the expression of a rice transcription factor regulates chloroplast development and modifies plant size, tiller number, and grain production. Chloroplast biogenesis has been well documented in higher plants, yet the complex methods used to regulate chloroplast activity under fluctuating environmental conditions are not well understood. In rice (Oryza sativa), the CYTOKININ-RESPONSIVE GATA TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR1 (Cga1) shows increased expression following light, nitrogen, and cytokinin treatments, while darkness and gibberellin reduce expression. Strong overexpression of Cga1 produces dark green, semidwarf plants with reduced tillering, whereas RNA interference knockdown results in reduced chlorophyll and increased tillering. Coexpression, microarray, and real-time expression analyses demonstrate a correlation between Cga1 expression and the expression of important nucleus-encoded, chloroplast-localized genes. Constitutive Cga1 overexpression increases both chloroplast biogenesis and starch production but also results in delayed senescence and reduced grain filling. Growing the transgenic lines under different nitrogen regimes indicates potential agricultural applications for Cga1, including manipulation of biomass, chlorophyll/chloroplast content, and harvest index. These results indicate a conserved mechanism by which Cga1 regulates chloroplast development in higher plants.
Individual psychological assessment : predicting behavior in organizational settings

Foreward by Manuel London. FRAMEWORKS. An Overview of Individual Psychological Assessment. Theoretical Frameworks for Assessment. Individual Assessment: The Research Base. Ethical, Legal, and Professional issues for Individual Assessment. PROCESSES. Designing the Individual Assessment. Getting at Character: The Simplicity on the Other Side of Complexity. A Clinical Approach to Executive Selection. Communicating Results for Impact. STRATEGIES. Assessing and Changing Managers for New Organizational Roles. Shaping Organizational Strategy Leadership: The Ripple Effect of Assessment. PERSPECTIVES. Anticipating the Future: Assessment Strategies for Tommorrow.
Occupational Stress Among Male Employees of Esfahan Steel Company, Iran: Prevalence and Associated Factors

Background: Lack of data on occupational stress among Iranian industrial employees persuaded us to design and conduct this study to evaluate the prevalence and associated parameters of occupational stress among male employees of the Esfahan Steel Company (ESCO), one of the biggest industrial units in Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 400 male employees were sampled from the operational divisions of the company. Socio-demographic data and stress-related variables were entered into a logistic regression to determine significant associated factors of occupational stress among the participants. Results: From all samples, 53% were found as stressful. A monthly salary of less than $600 (OR = 1.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.21-2.94), family-related problems (OR = 2.75, 95% CI = 1.22-6.21), work environment (OR = 3.09, 95% CI = 1.78-5.33) and having a second job (OR = 2.68, 95% CI = 1.78-6.78) were significantly associated with the outcome. Conclusions: Attention to some variables, especially economic problems and the work environment of employees, might play a protective role against the prevalence of occupational stress, not only among the employees of ESCO but also among all industrial employees in Iran.
Study on the Correlation between Continuity of Care and Quality of Life for Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

Background: As coronary heart disease (CHD) is a highly complex disease, complex continuity of care (CoC) service should be provided for the patients, and the quality of life (QoL) needs to be regarded as an important measuring indicator for the health-care outcome. Purpose: To understand the general situation of CHD QoL and important predictors. Method: A cross-sectional study design was adopted from August 2019 to July 2020 by structured questionnaires. A total of 163 patients were enrolled, and data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 25.0. Result: The average score of the QoL questionnaire is 56.56/80, and the CoC is 4.32. The overall regression model can explain 58.7% of the variance regarding QoL. Patients’ instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) (26.1%), age (18.1%), living situation (7%), information transfer (4.8%), main source of income (1.8%), and risk of disability are significantly different from their overall QoL in depression (0.9%). Conclusions: In order to improve the QoL of patients, it is suggested that medical teams should assess the needs of patients immediately upon hospitalization, provide patients with individual CoC, encourage them to participate in community health promotion activities, and strengthen the function of IADL to improve the QoL of patients.
Tensor Networks Meet Neural Networks: A Survey and Future Perspectives

Tensor networks (TNs) and neural networks (NNs) are two fundamental data modeling approaches. TNs were introduced to solve the curse of dimensionality in large-scale tensors by converting an exponential number of dimensions to polynomial complexity. As a result, they have attracted significant attention in the fields of quantum physics and machine learning. Meanwhile, NNs have displayed exceptional performance in various applications, e.g., computer vision, natural language processing, and robotics research. Interestingly, although these two types of networks originate from different observations, they are inherently linked through the common multilinearity structure underlying both TNs and NNs, thereby motivating a significant number of intellectual developments regarding combinations of TNs and NNs. In this paper, we refer to these combinations as tensorial neural networks (TNNs), and present an introduction to TNNs in three primary aspects: network compression, information fusion, and quantum circuit simulation. Furthermore, this survey also explores methods for improving TNNs, examines flexible toolboxes for implementing TNNs, and documents TNN development while highlighting potential future directions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive survey that bridges the connections among NNs, TNs, and quantum circuits. We provide a curated list of TNNs at \url{https://github.com/tnbar/awesome-tensorial-neural-networks}.
COMMUTATIVITY OF PRIME NEAR RINGS

The purpose of this paper is to study and generalize some results of [1] and [6] on commutativity in prime near-rings. Let N be a prime near-ring with multiplicative centre Z. Let ? and ? be automorphisms of N and ? be a (? , ? )-derivation of N such that ? (? (a)) =? (? (a)) and ? (? (a)) =? (? (a)), for all a \in N. The following results are proved: 1. If N is 2-torsion free and ? (N) \subset Z, or ? (x)? (y)=? (y)? (x), for all x,y \in N, then N is a commutative ring. 2. If N is 2-torsion free, ? 1 is a derivation of N, ? 2 is a (? , ? )-derivation of N such that ? commutes with ? 1 and ? 2, then ? 1? 2(N) = 0 implies ? 1=0 or ? 2=0.
Perioperative Hypotension in Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Upper Extremity Surgery with Dexmedetomidine Sedation: A Retrospective Study

(1) Background: limited data exist regarding the occurrence of hypotension associated with dexmedetomidine use and its risk factors in the context of intraoperative sedation for patients receiving peripheral nerve blocks. (2) Method: This single-center retrospective study assessed the incidence of hypotension in patients undergoing orthopedic upper extremity surgery with brachial plexus blockade. Patients were classified into three groups: group N (non-sedated), group M (midazolam), and group D (dexmedetomidine), based on their primary intraoperative sedative use. The primary outcome was the incidence of perioperative hypotension, defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 90 mmHg or mean blood pressure (MBP) < 60 mmHg, at a minimum of two recorded time points during the intraoperative period and post-anesthesia care unit stay. Multivariable logistic models for the occurrence of hypotension were constructed for the entire cohort and group D. (3) Results: A total of 2152 cases (group N = 445, group M = 678, group D = 1029) were included in the analysis. The odds ratio for the occurrence of hypotension in group D was 5.68 (95% CI, 2.86 to 11.28) compared with group N. Concurrent use of a beta blocker, longer duration of surgery, and lower preoperative SBP and higher preoperative heart rate were identified as significant risk factors. (4) Conclusions: the increased risk of hypotension and the associated factors should be taken into account before using dexmedetomidine in these cases.
Adaptor Autoregulation Promotes Coordinated Binding within Clathrin Coats*

Background: There are multiple interacting clathrin adaptors at the trans-Golgi network and endosomes in yeast. Results: Autoregulation of one adaptor, Gga2, alters the temporal delay between recruitment of Gga2 and a second adaptor, Ent5, to organelles. Conclusion: The interaction between Gga2 and Ent5 is regulated by an autoregulatory sequence. Significance: This autoregulatory mechanism may ensure accurate membrane traffic in vivo. Membrane traffic is an essential process that allows protein and lipid exchange between the endocytic, lysosomal, and secretory compartments. Clathrin-mediated traffic between the trans-Golgi network and endosomes mediates responses to the environment through the sorting of biosynthetic and endocytic protein cargo. Traffic through this pathway is initiated by the controlled assembly of a clathrin-adaptor protein coat on the cytosolic surface of the originating organelle. In this process, clathrin is recruited by different adaptor proteins that act as a bridge between clathrin and the transmembrane cargo proteins to be transported. Interactions between adaptors and clathrin and between different types of adaptors lead to the formation of a densely packed protein network within the coat. A key unresolved issue is how the highly complex adaptor-clathrin interaction and adaptor-adaptor interaction landscape lead to the correct spatiotemporal assembly of the clathrin coat. Here we report the discovery of a new autoregulatory motif within the clathrin adaptor Gga2 that drives synergistic binding of Gga2 to clathrin and the adaptor Ent5. This autoregulation influences the temporal and/or spatial location of the Gga2-Ent5 interaction. We propose that this synergistic binding provides built-in regulation to ensure the correct assembly of clathrin coats.