Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ON THE RADIO DICHOTOMY OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI

It is still a mystery why only a small fraction of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) contain relativistic jets. A strong magnetic field is a necessary ingredient for jet formation, however, the advection of the external field in a geometrically thin disk is inefficient. Gas with a small angular velocity may fall from the Bondi radius nearly freely to the circularization radius , and a thin accretion disk is formed within . We suggest that the external magnetic field is substantially enhanced in this region, and the magnetic field at can be sufficiently strong to drive outflows from the disk if the angular velocity of the gas is low at . The magnetic field is efficiently dragged in the disk, because most angular momentum of the disk is removed by the outflows that lead to a significantly high radial velocity. The strong magnetic field formed in this way may accelerate jets in the region near the black hole, either by the Blandford–Payne or/and Blandford–Znajek mechanisms. We suggest that the radio dichotomy of AGNs predominantly originates from the angular velocity of the circumnuclear gas. An AGN will appear as a radio-loud (RL) one if the angular velocity of the circumnuclear gas is lower than a critical value at the Bondi radius, otherwise, it will appear as a radio-quiet (RQ) AGN. This is supported by the observations that RL nuclei are invariably hosted by core galaxies. Our model suggests that the mass growth of the black holes in RL quasars is much faster than that in RQ quasars with the same luminosity, which is consistent with the fact that the massive black holes in RL quasars are systematically a few times heavier than those in their RQ counterparts.
The van der Waals epitaxy of Bi2Se3 on the vicinal Si(111) surface: an approach for preparing high-quality thin films of a topological insulator

The epitaxial growth of thin films of the topological insulator Bi2Se3 on nominally flat and vicinal Si(111) substrates was studied. In order to achieve a planar growth front and better quality epifilms, a two-step growth method was adopted for the van der Waals epitaxy of Bi2Se3 to proceed. By using vicinal Si(111) substrate surfaces, the in-plane growth rate anisotropy of Bi2Se3 was exploited in order to achieve single crystalline Bi2Se3 epifilms, in which threading defects and twins are effectively suppressed. The optimization of the growth parameters has resulted in the vicinal Bi2Se3 films showing a carrier mobility of ∼2000 cm2 V−1 s−1 and a background doping of ∼3×1018 cm−3 of the as-grown layers. Such samples not only show a relatively high magnetoresistance but also show a linear dependence on the magnetic field.
Anisotropy in the helicity modulus of a 3D XY-model: application to YBCO

We present a Monte Carlo study of the helicity moduli of an anisotropic classical three-dimensional (3D) XY-model of YBCO in superconducting state. It is found that both the ab-plane and the c-axis helicity moduli, which are proportional to the inverse square of the corresponding magnetic field penetration depth, vary linearly with temperature at low temperatures. The result for the c-axis helicity modulus is in disagreement with the experiments on high quality samples of YBCO. Thus we conclude that purely classical phase fluctuations of the superconducting order parameter cannot account for the observed c-axis electrodynamics of YBCO.
Role of backflow correlations for the nonmagnetic phase of the t-t(') Hubbard model

We introduce an efficient way to improve the accuracy of projected wave functions, widely used to study the two-dimensional Hubbard model. Taking the clue from the backflow contribution, whose relevance has been emphasized for various interacting systems on the continuum, we consider many-body correlations to construct a suitable approximation for the ground state at intermediate and strong couplings. In particular, we study the phase diagram of the frustrated t-t(') Hubbard model on the square lattice and show that, thanks to backflow correlations, an insulating and nonmagnetic phase can be stabilized at strong coupling and sufficiently large frustrating ratio t(')/t.
HESS J1640−465 AND HESS J1641−463: TWO INTRIGUING TeV SOURCES IN LIGHT OF NEW FERMI-LAT OBSERVATIONS

We report on γ-ray analysis of the region containing the bright TeV source HESS J1640−465 and the close-by TeV source HESS J1641−463 using 64 months of observations with the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). Previously only one GeV source was reported in this region and was associated with HESS J1640−465. With an increased data set and the improved sensitivity afforded by the reprocessed data (P7REP) of the LAT, we now report the detection, morphological study, and spectral analysis of two distinct sources above 100 MeV. The softest emission in this region comes from the TeV source HESS J1641−463 which is well fitted with a power law of index Γ = 2.47 ± 0.05 ± 0.06 and presents no significant γ-ray signal above 10 GeV, which contrasts with its hard spectrum at TeV energies. The Fermi-LAT spectrum of the second TeV source, HESS J1640−465 is well described by a power-law shape of index Γ = 1.99 ± 0.04 ± 0.07 that links up naturally with the spectral data points obtained by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.). These new results provide new constraints concerning the identification of these two puzzling γ-ray sources.
Positive or U-Shaped Association of Elevated Hemoglobin Concentration Levels with Metabolic Syndrome and Metabolic Components: Findings from Taiwan Biobank and UK Biobank

Iron overnutrition has been implicated with a higher risk of developing metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, including metabolic syndrome (MetS), whereas iron deficiency anemia exacerbates many underlying chronic conditions. Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration in the blood, which reflects a major functional iron (i.e., heme iron) in the body, may serve as a surrogate of the nutritional status of iron. We conducted sex-specific observational association studies in which we carefully titrated the association between Hb deciles and MetS and its components among the Taiwanese Han Chinese (HC) from the Taiwan Biobank and Europeans of White ancestry from the UK Biobank, representing two large ethnicities. Our data show that at higher-than-normal levels of Hb, increasing deciles of Hb concentration were significantly associated with MetS across all sex subgroups in both ethnicities, with the highest deciles resulting in up to three times greater risk than the reference group [Taiwanese HC: OR = 3.17 (95% CI, 2.75–3.67) for Hb ≥ 16.5 g/dL in men, OR = 3.11 (2.78–3.47) for Hb ≥ 14.5 g/dL in women; European Whites: OR = 1.89 (1.80–1.98) for Hb ≥ 16.24 g/dL in men, OR = 2.35 (2.24–2.47) for Hb ≥ 14.68 g/dL in women]. The association between stronger risks and increasing Hb deciles was similarly observed with all metabolic components except diabetes. Here we found that both the highest Hb decile groups and contrarily the lowest ones, with respect to the reference, were associated with higher odds of diabetes in both ethnic groups [e.g., Taiwanese HC men: OR = 1.64 (1.33–2.02) for Hb ≥ 16.5 g/dL, OR = 1.71 (1.39–2.10) for Hb ≤ 13.5 g/dL; European Whites women: OR = 1.39 (1.26–1.45) for Hb ≥ 14.68 g/dL, OR = 1.81 (1.63–2.01) for Hb ≤ 12.39 g/dL]. These findings confirm that elevated Hb concentrations, a potential indicator of iron overnutrition, may play a role in the pathophysiology of MetS and metabolic components.
Psychosocial Issues Related to Newborn Screening: A Systematic Review and Synthesis

Genomic advances have contributed to a proliferation of newborn screening (NBS) programs. Psychosocial consequences of NBS have been identified as risks to these public health initiatives. Following PRISMA guidelines, this systematic review synthesizes findings from 92 evidence-based, peer-reviewed research reports published from 2000 through 2020 regarding psychosocial issues associated with NBS. Results describe parents’ knowledge of and attitudes towards NBS, reactions to and understanding of positive NBS results, experiences of communication with health providers, decisions about carrier testing, and future pregnancies. Findings also explain the impact of positive NBS results on parent–child relationships, child development, informing children about carrier status, family burden, quality of life, and disparities. In conclusion, psychosocial consequences of receiving unexpected neonatal screening results and unsolicited genetic information remain significant risks to expansion of NBS. Findings suggest that risks may be mitigated by improved parent NBS education, effective communication, individualized genetic counseling, and anticipatory developmental guidance. Clinicians need to take extra measures to ensure equitable service delivery to marginalized subpopulations. Future investigations should be more inclusive of culturally and socioeconomically diverse families and conducted in low-resource countries. Providing these countries with adequate resources to develop NBS programs is an essential step towards achieving international health equity.
Unimodular wavelets and scaling functions = 단위모듈로 웨이브릿과 스케일링 함수

We consider unimodular wavelets and scalling functions whose Fourier transforms are supported in a finite disjoint uniof of closed intervals. In particular, we characterize those unimodular wavelets which can be associated with multiresolution analysis. As an application we have a criterion to determine whether a wavelet from a class of unimodular wavelets of Ha et al. can be associated with multiresolution analysis or not.
Breaking of N=8 magicity in 13Be

Structure of $^{13}$Be was investigated with antisymmetrized molecular dynamics. The variation after spin and parity projections was performed. An unnatural parity $1/2^-$ state was suggested to be lower than $5/2^+$ state indicating that vanishing of the N=8 magic number occurs in $^{13}$Be. A low-lying $3/2^+$ state with a $2\hbar\omega$ configuration was also suggested. Developed cluster structures were found in the intruder states. Lowering mechanism of the intruder states was discussed in terms of molecular orbitals around a $2\alpha$ core.
QUANTUM DISCORD AS A RESOURCE IN QUANTUM COMMUNICATION

As quantum technologies move from the issues of principle to those of practice, it is important to understand the limitations on attaining tangible quantum advantages. In the realm of quantum communication, quantum discord captures the damaging effects of a decoherent environment. This is a consequence of quantum discord quantifying the advantage of quantum coherence in quantum communication. This establishes quantum discord as a resource for quantum communication processes. We discuss this progress, which derives a quantitative relation between the yield of the fully quantum Slepian–Wolf (FQSW) protocol in the presence of noise and the quantum discord of the state involved. The significance of quantum discord in noisy versions of teleportation, super-dense coding, entanglement distillation and quantum state merging are discussed. These results lead to open questions regarding the tradeoff between quantum entanglement and discord in choosing the optimal quantum states for attaining palpable quantum advantages in noisy quantum protocols.
Estimating the Amount of Lithuanian Text Indexed by Global Search Engines

The aim of the paper is the estimate of the amount of words in Lithuanian texts indexed by the selected Global Search Engines (GSE), namely Google (by Alphabet Inc.), Bing (by Microsoft Corporation), and Yandex (by ˛˛˛ (cid:190)(cid:223)(cid:237)(cid:228)(cid:229)Œæ¿ , Russia). For this purpose, a special list of 100 rare Lithuanian words (pivot words) with specific characteristics was compiled. Low frequency of pivot words is crucial to consider the count of document matches reported by GSE as an indicator of the word count. Statistical analysis has shown the following amounts of Lithuanian words as of April 2022: 56 billion words by Google, 29 billion words by Bing and 41 billion words by Yandex. Comparative results for neighbouring Belarusian ( ∼ 0.31 × LT), Estonian ( ∼ 1.45 × LT), Finnish ( ∼ 2.4 × LT), Latvian ( ∼ 0.95 × LT), Polish ( ∼ 11 × LT), and Russian ( ∼ 49 × LT) languages have also been assessed.
On the Criticality of Adaptive Boolean Network Robots

Systems poised at a dynamical critical regime, between order and disorder, have been shown capable of exhibiting complex dynamics that balance robustness to external perturbations and rich repertoires of responses to inputs. This property has been exploited in artificial network classifiers, and preliminary results have also been attained in the context of robots controlled by Boolean networks. In this work, we investigate the role of dynamical criticality in robots undergoing online adaptation, i.e., robots that adapt some of their internal parameters to improve a performance metric over time during their activity. We study the behavior of robots controlled by random Boolean networks, which are either adapted in their coupling with robot sensors and actuators or in their structure or both. We observe that robots controlled by critical random Boolean networks have higher average and maximum performance than that of robots controlled by ordered and disordered nets. Notably, in general, adaptation by change of couplings produces robots with slightly higher performance than those adapted by changing their structure. Moreover, we observe that when adapted in their structure, ordered networks tend to move to the critical dynamical regime. These results provide further support to the conjecture that critical regimes favor adaptation and indicate the advantage of calibrating robot control systems at dynamical critical states.
Seafood safety: A need for greater awareness

Although seafood consumption is recommended as part of a healthy diet, several marine biotoxins are present in seafood, which are associated with adverse health effects such as gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms and, therefore, pose unique food safety concerns. Given that global seafood consumption has increased and is expected to increase further along with increasing interest in reducing meat consumption also as part of commitments to climate change, oversight of seafood quality should be a priority to prevent future contamination. In this editorial, several measures are recommended that should be taken to ensure consumer seafood safety.
High-Intensity Interval Training with Cycling and Calisthenics: Effects on Aerobic Endurance, Critical Power, Sprint and Maximal Strength Performance in Sedentary Males

TABATA protocol is considered to be one of the most effective strategies among high-intensity interval training (HIIT) methods. A limited number of studies have compared the chronic effects of cycling-based and calistenic HIIT in TABATA-type. The aim of this study was to compare the chronic effects of a 8-week TABATA-type calisthenic high-intensity interval and high-intensity interval in cycling on aerobic endurance, sprint and maximal strength performance in sedentary men. 17 sedentary males participated in our study. Participants were randomly divided into calisthenic HIIT (n=9) and cycling HIIT (n=8) groups. Training groups were given 3-sessions of exercise per week on non-consecutive days for 8 weeks. Before and after the 8-week training, the body mass, body mass index, fat percentage, 30-m sprint, 1-repetition maximal strength, aerobic power and critical power levels of the participants were determined. No statistically significant different was observed in body mass (p=0.917), body mass index (p=0.928), and body fat ratio (p=0.980) in both training groups. However, both training groups achieved statistically significant improvements in peak power output (p=0.017), maximal oxygen consumption (p=0.040) and critical power (p=0.048), and there was no significant difference in the level of improvement between the groups (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in 1 repetition maximal strength and sprint values of both training groups (p<0.05). TABATA type HIIT performed calistenic provides chronic effects similar to that of interval cycling form.
Can Developing Countries ‘Catch Up’ with Weak S&T Eco-Systems: Some Insights from Dynamic Asian Economies

The post-war era, particularly from the mid-1980s, can be seen as a turning point for various Asian countries. Japanese success in industrialisation based on technology transfer from the industrialised West and evolution of unique endogenous scientific and technological capacities led scholars to conceptualise ‘late industrialisation’ and ‘catching up’ strategies. In a large measure, the ‘East Asian Miracle’ led to some erroneous misconceptions on science, technology, and innovation (STI) policies. Various writings and commentators from Africa, Asia and Latin America advocated to follow the path of East Asian Dragons. These writings begun to assume that countries can build innovation systems or dynamic technological sectors of economy within their respective countries, without paying much attention to building and strengthening science and technology (S&T) eco-systems. There are now clear STI policy signals which point to the significance of building science and technology systems before fully embarking on innovation policies. Drawing on some exemplary cases, this essay will explore the importance of S&T systems in the context of developing countries.
Area-Efficient 28-GHz Four-Element Phased-Array Transceiver Front-End Achieving 25.2% Tx Efficiency at 15.68-dBm Output Power

An area-efficient 28-GHz four-element phased-array transceiver front-end (TRx FE) is proposed in this article. Transmitter/receiver (T/R) switch, phase shifter (PS), and power combining/splitting network all use customized coupler-based structures to replace area-consuming quarter-wavelength ( $\lambda $ /4) transmission line (T-line) structures. In Tx mode, a three-stage power amplifier (PA) is designed by cascading a class-AB predriver amplifier, a deep class-AB driver amplifier, and a class-A output amplifier for high output power. In Rx mode, a two-stage low noise amplifier (LNA) is designed with a 3-bit resistive adjusting load for high dynamic range of input power. A coupler is adopted in the variable gain amplifier (VGA) to achieve constant phase during gain adjustment. The proposed TRx FE is fabricated in a 40-nm CMOS process. Measurement results show that output 1-dB compression point (OP1dB) of 14.99 dBm and saturated output power (OPsat) of 15.68 dBm with 25.2% power efficiency are achieved in each Tx element. In each Rx element, noise figure (NF) of 4.54 dB, input 1-dB compression point (IP1dB) of −10.15 dBm, and maximum gain of 26.3 dB with 56.1-mW power consumption are realized. The gain range of Rx/Tx mode is 9.9–26.3 dB/24.2–44.6 dB with a resolution of 0.3 dB and phase variation less than 2° at 28 GHz. Thanks to the area-efficient coupler-based structures, the phased-array TRx FE occupies an area of 0.42 mm2 for each element and 0.084 mm2 for total area of combiner/splitter, achieving high area efficiency for Ka-band phased-array TRx FEs.
Observation of the Curative Effect of Acupuncture for Tonifying Kidney and Removing Blood Stasis Combined with Radiofrequency Surgery in Patients with NSCLC and the Diagnostic Efficacy of Combined Detection of NTx, BGP, and CYFRA21-1 in the Occurrence of Bone Metastases

The curative effect observation of acupuncture for tonifying kidney and removing blood stasis combined with radiofrequency surgery in patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and the diagnostic efficacy of combined detection of NTx, BGP, and CYFRA21-1 for bone metastases are investigated. 122 NSCLC patients admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 are selected for the examination, and the two sets of patients are randomly divided into the study set and the control set using the random number table method, with 61 cases in each set. Patients in the control set are given CT-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation therapy, and patients in the study set are given a combination of acupuncture therapy for tonifying the kidney and removing blood stasis on the basis of the therapy of the control set. The experimental results show that for NSCLC patients, the application of kidney-tonifying and stasis-removing acupuncture therapy combined with radiofrequency surgery can notoriously enhance the clinical therapy effect and enhance the quality of life of patients, and the detection of NTx, BGP, and CYFRA21-1 indicators can effectively predict the prognosis.
A complex variable integration technique for the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations

Starting from a complex variable formulation for the two-dimensional steady flow equations describing the motion of a viscous incompressible liquid, a method is developed which carries out three integrations of the fourth order system in parametric form containing three arbitrary real functions. Introduction. It is a feature of nonlinear differential equations that even when an exact solution is available it is not always possible to express the dependent variables as explicit functions of the independent variables. Clearly this can be a disadvantage when the dependent variables represent unknown physical quantities and the independent variables may be space and time. However, in some cases the solution can be parametrized in terms of derivatives, as in the elementary example x = pep , p = dy/dx . Differentiation with respect to y , followed by integration with respect to p, leads to a second equation y = {p2 p + \)ep + c from which the net gain is a parametrization of x and y in terms of the first derivative p containing an arbitrary constant c. In this example it is possible to eliminate p to determine a relation between x, y, and c, although this is not the case with the more general equation x f(p), which can be treated by the same technique. In general parametric representation represents a powerful method for displaying solutions of nonlinear differential equations especially when the solutions bifurcate as in the case of the Navier-Stokes equations. The present paper attempts to extend this solution method to a certain class of partial differential equations and in particular the two-dimensional steady flow NavierStokes equations. Starting from a concise complex variable formulation for the flow equations first given in [1], and subsequently rediscovered by others, an integration technique is developed which exhibits solutions in implicit parametric form. The dependent variables in the complex system are the stream function y and an auxiliary function 0 associated with the Bernoulli function, or total head of pressure. One major advantage in connection with the present analysis is that the complex flow equation is quasi-linear, autonomous, and contains only z = x iy as independent variable. Received June 6, 1990. ©1991 Brown University 555