Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fault Identification of Secondary Equipment in the Intelligent Substation

With the continuous expansion of the scale of the power system and the increasingly complex structure, the intelligent construction of the power grid continues to deepen and the construction scale of smart substations as the core part of the smart grid is also expanding. At present, higher requirements are put forward for the operation and maintenance of the secondary system of the smart substation. Therefore, the fault diagnosis of the secondary system of smart substations has become an important research direction for smart grid construction. This paper proposes a secondary system fault location method for smart substations. The method uses a search algorithm based on an adjacency list and skyline query to determine the fault area. This scheme is applicable when the fault information is complete or not. Compared with the method of using the neural network to directly locate the fault of the whole network components, the training scale of the neural network is reduced and the “uncritical” feature quantity is reduced for the fault location. It highlights the value of “key” feature quantities and effectively improves the accuracy of the fault location.
Research on Longitudinal Static Stability Compensation of Aircraft

An aircraft is unstable in longitudinal motion, the variation of aerodynamic derivatives and center-of-gravity position caused by altitude, speed, and fuel have a great impact on the control and stability of the aircraft. By using the Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) approach, the longitudinal static stability of the aircraft is compensated. In addition, the pitch attitude control system is designed, and multi-objective control, including pole assignment and controlled variable constraints, is achieved during the designing process. As a result, the robustness of the system is also achieved. Finally, the simulation results of the pitch attitude control system show that this design approach is feasible.
Lithium Extraction Method from Geothermal Brine to Find Suitable Method for Geothermal Fields in Indonesia: A Review

Lithium has become an essential metal for modern industries. Specifically, the growth of battery-based electric vehicles will demand much more lithium shortly. Many studies have been conducted to find the sources of lithium; one of them is geothermal brine. Indonesia has enormous geothermal resources; some fields have lithium content that can potentially be extracted. Various methods in the extraction process of lithium from the geothermal brine have been developed, both on laboratory and pilot projects. Conventionally, solar evaporation has been used to concentrate lithium from brine, but it takes a long time and depends on the weather. Thus, a more rapid and selective process is desired to fulfill the market demand and avoid weather constraints. This paper reviews the lithium extraction from the geothermal brine by direct extraction methods using solvent extraction, adsorption and ion exchange, membrane, and electrodialysis. The study is based on a desktop study and aims to summarize the knowledge, method, technology, and techniques of lithium extraction from geothermal brine that has already been used and to find out which extraction method is suitable for the Indonesian geothermal field. Multiple-stages solvent extraction from geothermal brine well X in Dieng performed by the authors demonstrated a lithium extraction efficiency of 94% and indicated an opportunity to be further investigated to extract lithium from the Dieng geothermal brine.
Conflict Set and Waveform Modelling for Power Amplifier Design

Various classes of nonnegative waveforms containing dc component, fundamental and harmonic , which proved to be of interest in waveform modelling for power amplifier (PA) design, are considered in this paper. In optimization of PA efficiency, nonnegative waveforms with maximal amplitude of fundamental harmonic and those with maximal coefficient of cosine term of fundamental harmonic (optimal waveforms) play an important role. Optimal waveforms have multiple global minima and this fact closely relates the problem of optimization of PA efficiency to the concept of conflict set. There is also keen interest in finding descriptions for various classes of suboptimal waveforms, such as nonnegative waveforms with at least one zero, nonnegative waveforms with maximal amplitude of fundamental harmonic for prescribed amplitude of harmonic, nonnegative waveforms with maximal coefficient of cosine part of fundamental harmonic for prescribed coefficients of harmonic, and nonnegative cosine waveforms with at least one zero. Closed form descriptions for all these suboptimal types of waveforms are provided in this paper. Suboptimal waveforms may also have multiple global minima and therefore be related to the concept of conflict set. Four case studies of usage of closed form descriptions of nonnegative waveforms in PA modelling are also provided.
Modeling Supraventricular Tachycardia Using Dynamic Computer-Generated Left Atrium

Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) is a type of irregular heartbeat seen when the heart's upper chambers beat either too quickly or out of rhythm with the heart's lower chambers. The loss of synchronization between the upper and lower chambers will result in perturbations of, blood flow. This is why SVT, which includes atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter, is a leading cause of strokes, heart attacks, and heart failure in the world today. The most successful treatment for SVT is catheter ablation, a procedure in which an electrophysiologist (EP) maps the heart to find areas with abnormal electrical activity. The EP then runs a catheter into the heart to ablate the abnormal areas, blocking the electrical signals or destroying the myocytes causing them. Not much is known about what triggers SVT and much research is still being done to find effective ablation strategies for various forms of SVT. We have produced a dynamic model of the left atrium accelerated on NVIDIA GPUs. An interface allows researchers to insert ectopic signals into the simulated atrium and ablate sections of the atrium allowing them to rapidly gain insight into what causes SVT and how to terminate them.
A combination of annual and nonannual forces drive respiratory disease in the tropics

Introduction It is well known that influenza and other respiratory viruses are wintertime-seasonal in temperate regions. However, respiratory disease seasonality in the tropics is less well understood. In this study, we aimed to characterise the seasonality of influenza-like illness (ILI) and influenza virus in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Methods We monitored the daily number of ILI patients in 89 outpatient clinics from January 2010 to December 2019. We collected nasal swabs and tested for influenza from a subset of clinics from May 2012 to December 2019. We used spectral analysis to describe the periodic signals in the system. We evaluated the contribution of these periodic signals to predicting ILI and influenza patterns through lognormal and gamma hurdle models. Results During 10 years of community surveillance, 66 799 ILI reports were collected covering 2.9 million patient visits; 2604 nasal swabs were collected, 559 of which were PCR-positive for influenza virus. Both annual and nonannual cycles were detected in the ILI time series, with the annual cycle showing 8.9% lower ILI activity (95% CI 8.8% to 9.0%) from February 24 to May 15. Nonannual cycles had substantial explanatory power for ILI trends (ΔAIC=183) compared with all annual covariates (ΔAIC=263) in lognormal regression. Near-annual signals were observed for PCR-confirmed influenza but were not consistent over time or across influenza (sub)types. The explanatory power of climate factors for ILI and influenza virus trends was weak. Conclusion Our study reveals a unique pattern of respiratory disease dynamics in a tropical setting influenced by both annual and nonannual drivers, with influenza dynamics showing near-annual periodicities. Timing of vaccination campaigns and hospital capacity planning may require a complex forecasting approach.
SIR Rumor Spreading Model with Network Medium in Complex Social Networks

In this paper, taking into consideration the influence of the network medium, we propose a novel susceptible-infected-removed (SIR) model to study rumor spreading, and discuss by means of mean-field theory the dynamical behaviors of the SIR model on homogeneous networks and inhomogeneous networks, respectively. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that, in both networks, the existence of the network medium greatly reduces the critical thresholds and increases the final rumor size. By numerical simulations, we also find that rumor spreading obviously accelerates with an increase of the infectivity between persons and the network medium, but the influence of the network medium on homogeneous networks is greater than on inhomogeneous networks. Therefore, to effectively control rumor spreading, it will not only be necessary to control the rumor spreading rate among different individuals, but one also needs to control the infectivity between persons and the network medium.
Asymmetry of Wigner's time delay in a small molecule

Ionization by an attosecond pulse launches an electron wave packet in the continuum which contains rich information about the pulse, the parent system and the ionization dynamics. This emission process is not instantaneous in the sense that the electrons take a finite time to leave the potential. This time is closely related to the Wigner time. In this paper we introduce the Stereo Wigner Time Delay which measure the relative delay between electrons emitted to the left and right in an asymmetric system. We present a theoretical study of the delay in photoemission for a small asymmetric molecular system using the streaking technique. The Stereo Wigner Time Delay shows advantages compared to previous schemes. Our numerical calculation shows that such a measurement removes the infrared laser Coulomb coupling which has been problematic in the interpretation of the measured delay in photoemission from atomic systems. PACS numbers: 32.80. Fb,32.80. Rm,42.50. Hz,42.60. Ky
Profiles of lipid, protein and microRNA expression in exosomes derived from intestinal epithelial cells after ischemia-reperfusion injury in a cellular hypoxia model

Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury leads to proinflammatory responses via gut-derived mediators, and accumulating evidence suggests that exosomes secreted by intestinal epithelial cells are involved in the development of systemic inflammation. Studies have reported changes in protein, lipid, and microRNA (miRNA) expression; however, considering the different experimental conditions, information on the relationships among these biomolecules remains insufficient. The aim of this study was to elucidate the multiple changes that simultaneously occur in exosomes after ischemic stimulation. Here, differentiated human intestinal Caco-2 cells were exposed to 95% air (normoxia group) or 5% O2 (hypoxia group) for 6 h. Cells in each group were subsequently incubated for 24 h in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 plus 95% air. The conditioned medium of each group was collected for isolating intestinal epithelial cell-derived exosomes. Together with proteome analyses, lipid analyses, and miRNA quantification, biological functional assays were performed using monocytic NF-κB reporter cells. Lipid metabolism-related protein expression was upregulated, miRNA levels were slightly altered, and unsaturated fatty acid-containing lysophosphatidylcholine concentration increased after hypoxia and reoxygenation injury; this suggested that the changes in exosomal components associated with ischemia-reperfusion injury activates inflammation, including the NF-κB pathway. This study elucidated the multiple changes that co-occur in exosomes after ischemic stimulation and partially clarified the mechanism underlying exosome-mediated inflammation after intestinal ischemic recanalization.
Mining actionable combined high utility incremental and associated sequential patterns

High utility sequential pattern (HUSP) mining aims to mine actionable patterns with high utilities, widely applied in real-world learning scenarios such as market basket analysis, scenic route planning and click-stream analysis. The existing HUSP mining algorithms mainly attempt to improve computation efficiency while maintaining the algorithm stability in the setting of large-scale data. Although these methods have made some progress, they ignore the relationship between additional items and underlying sequences, which directly leads to the generation of redundant sequential patterns sharing the same underlying sequence. Hence, the mined patterns’ actionability is limited, which significantly compromises the performance of patterns in real-world applications. To address this problem, we present a new method named Combined Utility-Association Sequential Pattern Mining (CUASPM) by incorporating item/sequence relations, which can effectively remove redundant patterns and extract high discriminative and strongly associated sequential pattern combinations with high utilities. Specifically, we introduce the concept of actionable combined mining into HUSP mining for the first time and develop a novel tree structure to select discriminative high utility sequential patterns (HUSPs) for downstream tasks. Furthermore, two efficient strategies (i.e., global and local strategies) are presented to facilitate mining HUSPs while guaranteeing utility growth and high levels of association. Last, two parameters are introduced to evaluate the interestingness of patterns to choose the most useful actionable combined HUSPs (ACHUSPs). Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed CUASPM outperforms the baselines in terms of execution time, memory usage, mining high discriminative and strongly associated HUSPs.
Genomic characterization and identification of virulence-related genes in Vibrio nigripulchritudo isolated from white leg shrimp Penaeus vannamei.

Vibrio nigripulchritudo causes vibriosis in penaeid shrimps. Here, we used Illumina and Nanopore sequencing technologies to sequence the genomes of three of its strains (TUMSAT-V. nig1, TUMSAT-V. nig2, and TUMSAT-V. nig3) to explore opportunities for disease management. Putative virulence factors and mobile genetic elements were detected while evaluating the phylogenetic relationship of each isolated strain. The genomes consisted of two circular chromosomes (I and II) plus one or two plasmids. The size of chromosome I ranged from 4.02 to 4.07 Mb with an average GC content of 46%, while the number of predicted CDSs ranged from 3563 to 3644. The size of chromosome II ranged from 2.16 to 2.18 Mb, with an average GC content of 45.5%, and the number of predicted CDSs ranged from 1970 to 1987. Numerous virulence genes were identified related to adherence, antiphagocytosis, chemotaxis, motility, iron uptake, quorum sensing, secretion systems, and toxins in all three genomes. Higher numbers of prophages and genomic islands found in TUMSAT-V. nig1 suggest that the strain has experienced numerous horizontal gene transfer events. The presence of antimicrobial resistance genes suggests that the strains have multidrug resistance. Comparative genomic analysis showed that all three strains belonged to the same clade.
Use of Enhanced IR/Visible Satellite Imagery to Determine Heavy Snow Areas

Abstract Interpretation techniques are established which relate heavy snow (100 mm or more in a 12 h period) areas to real-time infrared and visible geostationary satellite imagery. An initial collection of cases totaled about 75 during the period from the fall of 1979 to the spring of 1984. The main area of concern extended from the Rockies to the Appalachians. By using conventional surface and upper air data and numerical model output from the LFM-II relationships were established between heavy snow occurrences and cloud patterns in the satellite imagery. The different cloud patterns and flow regimes suggest a classification of heavy snow events into four main types: High Plains cyclogenesis, northwest and southwest flow short-wave troughs, and orographic. Each type has preferred geographical locations, common snowfall durations, storm totals, and band widths and lengths. The snowfall maximum with each storm is influenced by the strength and movement of the system and the structure of the moist layer. S.
How Does Brazilian Green Propolis Act in Normal and Tumor Cells? Identification of Compounds in or out Monocytes or HEp‐2 Cells

The aim of this study was to identify propolis compounds after incubation of normal and tumor cells (monocytes and HEp‐2 cells, respectively) with Brazilian green propolis, in the lysate and supernatant of cell cultures and within these cells by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Cinnamic acid derivatives were generally localized in the lysate of both cell lines after incubation, suggesting these compounds are actively transported across the membrane into the cytoplasm. Terpenes were also found in the lysate. Artepillin C, in contrast, was localised only in the supernatant. Some constituents were unobservable after incubation, especially in monocytes, suggesting the compounds had been degraded. Our findings shed light on the possible sites of action (intracellular or via a cell membrane protein) and the bioavailability of various constituents of propolis, as well as possible modes of delivery of bioactive constituents.
An accelerated access pathway for innovative high-risk medical devices under the new European Union Medical Devices and health technology assessment regulations? Analysis and recommendations

ABSTRACT Introduction The new European Union (EU) Regulations for medical devices (MDs) and health technology assessment (HTA) are welcome developments that should increase the quality of clinical evidence for MDs and reduce fragmentation in the EU market access process. To fully exploit anticipated benefits, their respective assessment processes should be closely coordinated, particularly for promising, highly innovative MDs. Accelerated approval is worth exploring for certain categories of high-risk MDs to keep the EU regulatory process competitive compared to accelerated MD approval programs elsewhere (e.g. US). Areas Covered Problems observed in worldwide accelerated drug and MD regulatory approval programs are reviewed, including greater uncertainty in premarket clinical evidence generation and lack of oversight for post approval evidence requirements. Implications for MD approval, HTA and coverage are explored. Expert Opinion Through analysis of two decades of drug and MD accelerated approval programs worldwide, recommendations for an Accelerated Access Pathway for select innovative, high-risk MDs are proposed to fit the EU context, leverage the two new regulations, increase opportunities for Expert Panels to provide timely advice regarding manufacturers’ evidence generation plans along the MD lifecycle (pre, postmarket), and safely speed patient access while promoting increased collaboration among Member States on coverage decisions.
Chronic immune activation and gut barrier dysfunction is associated with neuroinflammation in ART-suppressed SIV+ rhesus macaques

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) affect ~40% of virally suppressed people with HIV (PWH), however, the precise viral dependent and independent changes to the brain are unclear. Here we characterized the CNS reservoir and immune environment of SIV-infected (SIV+) rhesus macaques during acute (n = 4), chronic (n = 12) or ART-suppressed SIV infection (n = 11). Multiplex immunofluorescence for markers of SIV infection (vRNA/vDNA) and immune activation was performed on frontal cortex and matched colon tissue. SIV+ animals contained detectable viral DNA+ cells that were not reduced in the frontal cortex or the gut by ART, supporting the presence of a stable viral reservoir in these compartments. SIV+ animals had impaired blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity and heightened levels of astrocytes or myeloid cells expressing antiviral, anti-inflammatory or oxidative stress markers which were not abrogated by ART. Neuroinflammation and BBB dysfunction correlated with measures of viremia and immune activation in the gut. Furthermore, SIV-uninfected animals with experimentally induced gut damage and colitis showed a similar immune activation profile in the frontal cortex to those of SIV-infected animals, supporting the role of chronic gut damage as an independent source of neuroinflammation. Together, these findings implicate gut-associated immune activation/damage as a significant contributor to neuroinflammation in ART-suppressed HIV/SIV infection which may drive HAND pathogenesis.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Carboxydotrophic Knallgas Bacterium Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena Strain DSM 1083

Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena is a lithoautotrophic and obligate aerobic alphaproteobacterium, which has the unique ability to utilize CO, CO2, H2, and mixtures thereof as sole carbon and energy sources. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of type strain DSM 1083 and its close relation to Afipia carboxidovorans strain OM5. ABSTRACT Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena is a lithoautotrophic and obligate aerobic alphaproteobacterium, which has the unique ability to utilize CO, CO2, H2, and mixtures thereof as sole carbon and energy sources. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of type strain DSM 1083 and its close relation to Afipia carboxidovorans strain OM5.
Resting natural killer cell homeostasis relies on tryptophan/NAD + metabolism and HIF‐1α

Natural killer (NK) cells are forced to cope with different oxygen environments even under resting conditions. The adaptation to low oxygen is regulated by oxygen‐sensitive transcription factors, the hypoxia‐inducible factors (HIFs). The function of HIFs for NK cell activation and metabolic rewiring remains controversial. Activated NK cells are predominantly glycolytic, but the metabolic programs that ensure the maintenance of resting NK cells are enigmatic. By combining in situ metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses in resting murine NK cells, our study defines HIF‐1α as a regulator of tryptophan metabolism and cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels. The HIF‐1α/NAD+ axis prevents ROS production during oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) and thereby blocks DNA damage and NK cell apoptosis under steady‐state conditions. In contrast, in activated NK cells under hypoxia, HIF‐1α is required for glycolysis, and forced HIF‐1α expression boosts glycolysis and NK cell performance in vitro and in vivo. Our data highlight two distinct pathways by which HIF‐1α interferes with NK cell metabolism. While HIF‐1α‐driven glycolysis is essential for NK cell activation, resting NK cell homeostasis relies on HIF‐1α‐dependent tryptophan/NAD+ metabolism.
Misinterpretations of precipitation probability forecasts

Abstract Previous studies have suggested that the general public misinterprets probability of precipitation (PoP) forecasts, leading some meteorologists to argue that probabilities should not be included in public weather forecasts. Upon closer examination, however, these studies prove to be ambiguous with regard to the nature of the misunderstanding. Is the public confused about the meaning of the probabilities or about the definition of the event to which the probabilities refer? If event misinterpretation is the source of the confusion, then elimination of the probabilities would not reduce the level of misunderstanding. The present paper summarizes a study of 79 residents of Eugene, Oreg. , who completed a questionnaire designed to investigate their understanding of and attitude toward precipitation probability forecasts. Results indicate that the event in question frequently is misunderstood, with both traditional precipitation forecasts and PoP forecasts producing similar levels of event misinterpret.