Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting Successful Localization of the Central Sulcus Using the Somatosensory Evoked Potential Phase Reversal Technique RESEARCH — HUMAN — CLINICAL STUDIES RESEARCH — HUMAN — CLINICAL STUDIES

BACKGROUND: Perirolandic surgery is associated with an increased risk of postoperative neurological deficit that can be reduced by accurate recognition of the location of sensorimotor cortex. The median somatosensory evoked potential (MSSEP) phase reversal technique (PRT) reliably identifies the central sulcus (CS) intraoperatively, but does require additional surgical time. Awareness of factors that lengthen the time required for MSSEP PRT has important implications for surgical planning. OBJECTIVE: To identify factors that affect the time required for CS localization via MSSEP PRT. METHODS: Multivariate Cox regression analysis, applied in 100 consecutive cases of perirolandic surgery at a single institution from 2005 to 2010, during which CS localization was attempted via a standardized MSSEP PRT. RESULTS: The CS was reliably identified in 77 cases. The mean time to identification was 5 minutes (SD = 5; range, 1-20 minutes). Lesion location either very close to the CS (within the postcentral gyrus) or at an intermediate distance (with edema extending very close to the CS) independently decreased the rate at which the CS was identified by 73% (hazard ratio: 0.27, P , .001) and 55% (hazard ratio: 0.45, P = .007), respectively. Highly destructive pathology reduced this rate by 42% (hazard ratio: 0.58, P = .03), after ad-justing for other important factors. Epidural recording, age, and the presence of a burst suppression pattern on the electroencephalogram had no effect. CONCLUSION: MSSEP PRT is an effective method for CS identification and only marginally lengthens the operative time. However, difficulty in CS localization can be expected in the presence of postcentral gyrus lesions, edema distorting perirolandic anatomy, and with highly destructive pathology. T he author ’ s current data demonstrating that proper implementation of the phase reversal technique for locating the central sulcus can add little time to the surgical procedure while locating this critical neural structure. More importantly, they offer data on why this mapping technique may or may not be beneficial in certain cases. This is why it is important for the monitoring team to understand the underlying pathology of the surgical patient. In addition, the data presented by the authors may dictate the order in which a mapping technique should be used. The authors demonstrate that mass effect and distortion of perirolandic anatomy is one of the reasons for increased time and may dictate the order or choice of mapping technique, ie, distortional pathologies may be cause for directly going to motor mapping to minimize localization time. The data presented in this article should improve the way in which the surgeon adds the results of each technique to decision pro-cesses in the operating room.
Toward Next Generation Social Analytics: A Platform for Analysis of Quantitative, Qualitative, Geospatial, and Temporal Factors of Community Resilience

— Social science stands on the brink of a revolution – or of failure. It needs powerful new tools, methods, and paradigms in order to succeed. These will include advances in computational capabilities, machine-based knowledge assimilation, quantitative analysis, and measurement. Human social analytics in the next generation will need to embrace more multifaceted representations of human behavior with more complex models. Such models will need to integrate data of disparate forms, using disparate units of measure, collected from disparate sources, at disparate scales. The development of a complex model of societal well-being (an inherently qualitative construct) forms the basis of research for a next-generation societal resilience model. The model combines traditionally separate socio-environmental and psychological constructs of resilience, a representation that requires large scale quantitative, geospatial, and temporally referenced data of disparate forms, units, sources, and scales. The research forms a framework for the development of data analytic experimentation platforms in the social sciences. The platform will be used to demonstrate tools and methods that facilitate the progression towards next generational social analytics at large scales. These concepts, tools, and methods are intended to empower social science in transformative ways.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Identification and replication of the interplay of four genetic high risk variants for urinary bladder cancer

Little is known whether genetic variants identified in genome-wide association studies interact to increase bladder cancer risk. Recently, we identified two- and three-variant combinations associated with a particular increase of bladder cancer risk in a urinary bladder cancer case–control series (Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund (IfADo), 1501 cases, 1565 controls). In an independent case–control series (Nijmegen Bladder Cancer Study, NBCS, 1468 cases, 1720 controls) we confirmed these two- and three-variant combinations. Pooled analysis of the two studies as discovery group (IfADo-NBCS) resulted in sufficient statistical power to test up to four-variant combinations by a logistic regression approach. The New England and Spanish Bladder Cancer Studies (2080 cases and 2167 controls) were used as a replication series. Twelve previously identified risk variants were considered. The strongest four-variant combination was obtained in never smokers. The combination of rs1014971[AA] near apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, homolog 6 ( CBX6 ), solute carrier family 1s4 ( urea transporter ) , member 1 ( Kidd blood group ) ( SLC14A1 ) exon single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1058396[AG, GG], UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A complex locus ( UGT1A ) intron SNP rs11892031[AA] and rs8102137[CC, CT] near cyclin E1 ( CCNE1 ) resulted in an unadjusted odds ratio (OR) of 2.59 (95% CI = 1.93–3.47; P = 1.87 × 10 −10 ), while the individual variant ORs ranged only between 1.11 and 1.30. The combination replicated in the New England and Spanish Bladder Cancer Studies (OR unadjusted = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.10–2.33; P = 0.013). The four-variant combination is relatively frequent, with 25% in never smoking cases and 11% in never smoking controls (total study group: 19% cases, 14% controls). In conclusion, we show that four high-risk variants can statistically interact to confer increased bladder cancer risk particularly in never smokers. UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A complex SNPs proliferation.
Coffee Production Wastes: Potentials and Perspectives

There has been a significant amount of research activity in the area of coffee by-products and coffee wastewater during the last few years. Most of the work is directed towards the potential uses of coffee residues, like utilization of pulp, husk and coffee silver skin as a starting material for production of enzymes and secondary metabolites including acquisition of bioactive compounds, antioxidants or food additives, on the other hand the pollution caused by coffee wastewater has also been a concern in many coffee producing countries due to the high content of organic matter and acid content resulting from the fermentation processes involved in the mucilage. This paper comments on the various research efforts for the management and treatment of coffee by-products with focus on coffee wastewater. It is surely not exhaustive, but serves as a starting point for further research in this highly topical research field.
invited review ET-1- and NO-mediated signal transduction pathway in human brain capillary endothelial cells

ET-1- and signal transduction pathway in human brain cells. Am 2002. —Previous studies have demonstrated that functional interaction between endothelin (ET)-1 and nitric oxide (NO) involves changes in Ca 2 (cid:1) mobilization and cytoskeleton in human brain microvascular endothelial cells. The focus of this investigation was to examine the possi- ble existence of analogous interplay between these vasoactive substances and elucidate their signal transduction pathways in human brain capil- lary endothelial cells. The results indicate that ET-1-stimulated Ca 2 (cid:1) mobilization in these cells is dose-dependently inhibited by NOR-1 (an NO donor). This inhibition was prevented by ODQ (an inhibitor of guanylyl cyclase) or Rp -8-CPT-cGMPS (an inhibitor of protein kinase G). Treatment of endothelial cells with 8-bromo-cGMP reduced ET-1-in-duced Ca 2 (cid:1) mobilization in a manner similar to that observed with NOR-1 treatment. In addition, NOR-1 or cGMP reduced Ca 2 (cid:1) mobilization induced by mastoparan (an activator of G protein), inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate, or thapsigargin (an inhibitor of Ca 2 (cid:1) -ATPase). Interest-ingly, alterations in endothelial cytoskeleton (actin and vimentin) were associated with these effects. The data indicate for the ﬁrst time that the cGMP-dependent protein kinase colocalizes with actin. These changes were accompanied by altered levels of phosphorylated vasodilator-stim-ulated phosphoprotein, which were elevated in endothelial cells incu- bated with NOR-1 and signiﬁcantly reduced by ODQ or Rp -8-CPT-cGMPS. The ﬁndings indicate a potential mechanism by which the functional interrelationship between ET-1 and NO plays a role in regulating capillary tone, microcirculation, and blood-brain barrier function.
Wearable Control Using Feedforward Neural Networks has Been used to Control the Manipulator Arm of Field and Service Robots

Controlling the manipulator arm of a Field and Service Robot (FSR) using joystick input is a time-consuming and wasteful process. Operators who must control correctly and quickly must undergo a specialized training program and devote a considerable amount of study time. In this study, wearable control devices were used to replace joysticks, and Artificial Neural Networks were employed to run the wearable control devices. Wearable control devices were used to replace joysticks in this study (ANN). The Myo Armband, which is worn on the right arm of the operator, is the wearable control device that was used in this experiment. This sensor is composed of a variety of components, including an electromyography sensor (EMG), a 3-axis accelerometer, and a 3-axis gyroscope, among others. Whenever the operator moves his or her arm, the command to move the 3D Manipulator Arm in MATLAB / Simulink will be dependent on the operator's arm and the position of the operator's arm inside the workspace. By using the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensor that is included into the Myo armband, it is possible to detect and show the location of the operator's arm and arm position. The ANN method is used in conjunction with the IMU to handle data received from the sensor. Feedforward Neural Network (FNN) processing is used. When the FNN output is used to drive the 3D Manipulator Arm model in SimMechanics, the user/operator arm angle is controlled by the user/operator arm angle, which is controlled by the FNN output. It has been discovered that utilizing the FNN regression technique, it is feasible to successfully control a 3D animation of the manipulator arm in real time using the manipulator arm. This results in an average accuracy value of 0.973 for R derived from training, validation and testing, as well as an overall accuracy value of 0.973. Since all figures are more than 0.950, this shows that the neural network works very well.
Observation of coherent back-scattering and its dynamics in a transverse 2D photonic disorder : from weak to strong localization

We report the first observation of coherent back-scattering (CBS) of light in a transverse photonic disorder. The CBS peak is recorded in the far-field, at a fixed propagation time set by our crystal length, and displays a contrast approaching the ideal value of 1, which proves good coherence of transport in our system. We study its dynamics for increasing disorder strength, and find a non-monotonous evolution. For weak disorder, the CBS signal increases, and the asymmetry of the momentum distribution becomes inverted compared to the initial condition. For stronger disorder, we observe a resymmetrization of the momentum distribution, confirmed by numerical simulations, and compatible with the onset of strong (Anderson) localization.
Security and Confidentiality in Interconnected Networks

— With the rapid development of interconnected environments many technical and organizational aspects are being addressed in relation to atomized services operating across networked domains. Some of those aspects still need further examination and evaluation also from security perspective. Data may traverse several organizational, security or information domains in order to be processed and results delivered. This calls for proper technical and organizational design approaches, which include means for secure data exchange. Various aspects of secure information exchange are already being addressed by different business, administration, defense and other professional initiatives. The aim of this paper is to present results of the ongoing activities for development and deployment of secure interconnected networks and to demonstrate a framework that shows the relations between relevant security requirements and security mechanisms that can be applied to fulfill the requirements of interconnected domains. The scope of security requirements and mechanisms spans the network, application and information layers.
FOREST REGENERATION AT NORTHERN LATITUDES CLOSE TO TIMBER LINE 16-20 June 1985 Luleå-Galliväre-Östersund, Sweden PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH ANNUAL WORKSHOP ON SILVICULTURE AND MANAGEMENT OF NORTHERN FORESTS

This article describes the area of difficult regeneration forests in north Sweden. History, data and results from the project “Silviculture in Norrlands high altitude area" run by the National Board of Forestry are presented. The purpose of the project is t_ acquire a basis for more effective handling of cases concerning final felling and regeneration in the high altitude area of Norrland's forest region.
The evolution of three-dimensionally localized vortices in shear flows. Linear theory

The evolution of a small-amplitude localized vortex disturbance in an unbounded shear flow with the linear velocity profile is investigated. Based on the exact solution of the initial problem for basic flow, a revision is made of the theoretical approach (suggested by Levinski (1991) and subsequently further developed in a series of other publications) in which the vortex evolution is described in terms of Fluid Impulse of the vortex "core". Although the theoretical predictions obtained on the basis of this approach were excellently confirmed in subsequent experimental studies, its inconsistency is demonstrated in this study. According to the solution obtained, the localized vortex increases slowly (as power-law with the time) and attains an almost "horizontal" orientation, unlike the previous theory (Levinski, 1991) that predicts the more rapid growth and vortex orientation at the angle of 45 degrees to the flow direction. On the other hand, just the rapid increase and the angle of 45 degrees to the outer flow direction are characteristic for hairpin vortices observed in turbulent boundary layers or artificially synthesized vortices in laminar boundary layers. Thus the issue of adequate theoretical interpretation of the evolution of localized vortices is again on the agenda.
Shiga toxin glycosphingolipid receptors in microvascular and macrovascular endothelial cells: association with membrane lipid raft microdomains that differ by their stability to cholesterol depletion

Vascular damage caused by Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli is largely mediated by Stxs, which, in particular, injure microvascular endothelial cells in the kidneys and the brain. The majority of Stxs preferentially bind to the glycosphingolipid (GSL) globotriaosylceramide (Gb3Cer) and to a lesser extent to globotetraosylceramide (Gb4Cer). Since clustering of receptor GSLs in lipid rafts is a functional requirement for Stxs, we analyzed the distribution of Gb3Cer and Gb4Cer to membrane microdomains of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) and macrovascular EA.hy 926 endothelial cells by means of anti-Gb3Cer and anti-Gb4Cer antibodies. TLC immunostaining coupled with IRMALDI mass spectrometry revealed structural details of various lipoforms of Stx receptors and demonstrated their major distribution in detergent-resistant membrane (DRM) than in non-DRM fractions of HBMECs and EA.hy 926 cells. A significant preferential partition of different receptor lipoforms carrying C24:0/C24:1 or C16:0 fatty acid and sphingosine to DRMs was not detected in either cell types. Methyl-ß-cyclodextrin-mediated cholesterol depletion resulted in only partial destruction of lipid rafts accompanied by minor loss of GSLs in HBMECs. In contrast, almost entire disintegration of lipid rafts accompanied by roughly complete loss of GSLs was detected in EA.hy 926 cells after removal of cholesterol, indicating more stable microdomains in HBMECs. Our findings provide first evidence for differently stable microdomains in human endothelial cells from different vascular beds and should serve as the basis for further exploring the functional role of lipid raft-associated Stx receptors in different cell types. Supplementary keywords: Glycolipids, caveolae, DRMs, Gb3Cer, Gb4Cer, caveolin-1, flotillin-2 3 by gest, on M arch 0, 2020 w w w . j.org D ow nladed fom
T HE S TART -U P AND G ROWTH S TAGES IN E NTERPRISE F ORMATION : T HE “N EW V IEW ” OF D IVIDEND T AXATION R ECONSIDERED

Early-stage uncertainty makes the initial cost of capital greater than the expansion-stage one. Tax effects on enterprise formation, entrepreneurial effort and quality, and on capital costs are derived. For an incorporated enterprise (i) the entrepreneur’s ability threshold rises with the tax rate of the corporate form, (ii) the initial cost of capital due to a dividend tax is above the old view double-tax one, (iii) the start-up investment is not affected by undervaluation, but the discouragement engendered by dividend taxation is compensated by realization-based capital gains tax, (iv) with undervaluation, the expansion-stage cost of capital corresponds to the Johansson-Samuelson tax which is lower than the new view suggests, (v) without undervaluation, the dividend tax boosts expansion investment.
THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS Arterial thrombosis is accelerated in mice de ﬁ cient in histidine-rich glycoprotein

Factor (F) XII, a key component of the contact system, triggers clotting via the intrinsic pathway,and is implicated in propagating thrombosis. Although nucleicacids are potent activators, it is unclear how the contact system is regulated to prevent uncontrolled clotting. Previously, we showed that histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) binds FXIIa and attenuatesitscapacitytotriggercoagulation.ToinvestigatetheroleofHRGasaregulator of the intrinsic pathway, we compared RNA- and DNA-induced thrombin generation in plasma from HRG-deficient and wild-type mice. Thrombin generation was enhanced in plasma from HRG-deficient mice, and accelerated clotting was restored to normal with HRG reconstitution. Although blood loss after tail tip amputation was similar in HRG-deficientandwild-typemice,carotidarteryocclusionafterFeCl 3 injurywasacceleratedin HRG-deficient mice, and HRG administration abrogated this effect. To confirm that HRG modulatesthecontactsystem,weusedDNase,RNase,andantisenseoligonucleotidesto characterize the FeCl 3 model. Whereas DNase or FVII knockdown had no effect, carotid occlusion was abrogated with RNase or FXII knockdown, confirming that FeCl 3 -induced thrombosis is triggered by RNA in a FXII-dependent fashion. Therefore, in a nucleic acid–driven model, HRG inhibits thrombosis by modulating the intrinsic pathway of coagulation. ( Blood . 2015;125(17):2712-2719)
Social Capital and Financial Services: A Study of SMEs in the Manufacturing Sector in Tanzania

This paper examines the relationship between social capital on access to financial services for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the manufacturing sector. The study area is Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A cross-sectional design was used and surveyed semi-structured questionnaire to collect data from respondents using convenience sampling. A total of 81 completed questionnaires were subjected to descriptive statistics and ANOVA analysis. The descriptive results for social capital reveal that majority of respondents regularly talk with other business owners (90.1%), meet frequently with family and friends to talk about business (90.1%), and belong to a religious group (93.8%); while for access to financial services the results show that majority of respondents (82.7%) strongly agree that friends and family provide extra capital when needed. Among the inferential statistics findings on the relationship between social capital and access to financial services indicated that regularly talks with other business owners is statistically significantly to access to grants ( p = 0.003 ), regularly talks with other business owners is statistically significantly to friends and family provide extra capital when needed ( p = 0.035 ), meeting frequently with family and friends to talk about business is statistically significantly to access to grants ( p = 0.012 ), having strong ties with people or entities in business with is statistically significantly to access to grants ( p = 0.008 ), and having strong ties with fellow SMEs is statistically significantly to access to grants ( p = 0.012 ), fellow SMEs have strong ties with one another is statistically significantly to access grants ( p = 0.025 ), belonging to a football club is statistically significantly to access to grants ( p = 0.000 ), belonging to a Golf Club is statistically significantly to friends and family provide extra capital when needed ( p = 0.001 ), and belonging to a community social group is statistically significantly to friends and family provide extra capital when needed ( p = 0.004 ). This paper adds knowledge to the issue of the relationship of social capital and access to financial services for SMEs in the manufacturing sector in Tanzania. Future studies can explore financial cultures by SMEs and access to financial services in the manufacturing sector.
Data Mining: a Potential Research Approach for Information System Research A Case Study in Business Intelligence and Corporate Performance Management Research

—This paper investigates the opportunities of Data Mining applications for Information System research. Data Mining is a data driven statistical approach for knowledge discovery. Hypotheses and models do not have to be developed at the beginning of the research, which allows the detection of new and otherwise undiscovered patterns in a given dataset. Consequently, current challenges in Information System research can be investigated from a different angle. The Data Mining results may provide additional, surprising and detailed insights to an Information System problem. To prove these assumptions, this study applies Association Rule Discovery and cluster analysis to a questionnaire based data set. This data set has been collected to investigate the relationship between Business Intelligence and Corporate Performance Management. Even though this relationship has been explored at several stages in the Information System research literature, the results are often short on detail. This paper explores, if Data Mining methods can provide additional information to the subject. Both of the applied Data Mining methods provide promising results. Association rules and clusters have been identified, providing a different view on the connection between Business Intelligence and Corporate Performance Management. Therefore, Data Mining techniques offer an option to reuse questionnaire-based data and to gain new insights in Information System research.