Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A dataset for investigating socio-ecological changes in Arctic fjords

Abstract. The collection of in situ data is generally a costly process, with the Arctic being no exception. Indeed, there has been a perception that the Arctic is lacking in situ sampling; however, after many years of concerted effort and international collaboration, the Arctic is now rather well sampled, with many cruise expeditions every year. For example, the GLODAP (Global Ocean Data Analysis Project) product has a greater density of in situ sampling points within the Arctic than along the Equator. While this is useful for open-ocean processes, the fjords of the Arctic, which serve as crucially important intersections of terrestrial, coastal, and marine processes, are sampled in a much more ad hoc process. This is not to say they are not well sampled but rather that the data are more difficult to source and combine for further analysis. It was therefore noted that the fjords of the Arctic are lacking in FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable) data. To address this issue, a single dataset has been created from publicly available, predominantly in situ data from seven study sites in Svalbard and Greenland. After finding and accessing the data from a number of online platforms, they were amalgamated into a single project-wide standard, ensuring their interoperability. The dataset was then uploaded to PANGAEA so that it can be findable and reusable in the future. The focus of the data collection was driven by the key drivers of change in Arctic fjords identified in a companion review paper. To demonstrate the usability of this dataset, an analysis of the relationship between the different drivers was performed. Via the use of an Arctic biogeochemical model, these relationships were projected forward to 2100 via Representative Carbon Pathways (RCPs) 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5. This dataset is a work in progress, and as new datasets containing the relevant key drivers are released, they will be added to an updated version planned for the middle of 2024. The dataset (Schlegel and Gattuso, 2022) is available on PANGAEA at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.953115. A live version is available at the FACE-IT WP1 site and can be accessed by clicking the “Data access” tab: https://face-it-project.github. io/WP1/ (last access: 17 August 2023).
Visitors' Evaluation of Destinations:How are place valued as places to visit?

This report elaborates a lecture that was given by the authors at the University of Ryukyus. In the lecture, the emergence of values of places as attractions for visitors was discussed. Visitors’ evaluation of places was then dissected into four elements, and relationships between the elements were explained with reference to the means-end chain model. Finally, the application of the evaluation grid method and the caption evaluation method to tourism studies in an attempt to elicit such relationships was proposed with presentation of the author’s own past applications.
UPR-Induced miR-616 Inhibits Human Breast Cancer Cell Growth and Migration by Targeting c-MYC

C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), also known as growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 153 (GADD153), belongs to the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) family. CHOP expression is induced by unfolded protein response (UPR), and sustained CHOP activation acts as a pivotal trigger for ER stress-induced apoptosis. MicroRNA-616 is located within an intron of the CHOP gene. However, the regulation of miR-616 expression during UPR and its function in breast cancer is not clearly understood. Here we show that the expression of miR-616 and CHOP (host gene of miR-616) is downregulated in human breast cancer. Both miR-5p/-3p arms of miR-616 are expressed with levels of the 5p arm higher than the 3p arm. During conditions of ER stress, the expression of miR-616-5p and miR-616-3p arms was concordantly increased primarily through the PERK pathway. Our results show that ectopic expression of miR-616 significantly suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation, whereas knockout of miR-616 increased it. We found that miR-616 represses c-MYC expression via binding sites located in its protein coding region. Furthermore, we show that miR-616 exerted growth inhibitory effects on cells by suppressing c-MYC expression. Our results establish a new role for the CHOP locus by providing evidence that miR-616 can inhibit cell proliferation by targeting c-MYC. In summary, our results suggest a dual function for the CHOP locus, where CHOP protein and miR-616 can cooperate to inhibit cancer progression.
An Offset Graph U-Net for Hyperspectral Image Classification

Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) have recently received increasing attention in hyperspectral image (HSI) classification, benefiting from their superiority in conducting shape adaptive convolutions on arbitrary non-Euclidean structure data. However, the performance of GCN heavily depends on the quality of the initial graph. Conventional GCN-based methods only adopt spectral–spatial similarity to build the initial graph without extracting other contextual information from neighboring nodes. In addition, most GCN-based methods use shallow layers, which cannot extract deep discriminative features from HSIs under the limited number of training samples. To solve these issues, we propose a superpixel feature learning via offset graph U-Net for HSI classification, which can learn deep discriminative features from HSIs. Multiple strategies of measuring similarity among superpixels are utilized to build the initial graph, including spectral information, spatial information, and context-aware information among nodes, making the initial graph more accurate. Furthermore, the graph U-Net structure, containing the graph pooling layer and the graph unpooling layer, is helpful in constructing deep GCN layers and learning multiscale features, which can alleviate the oversmoothing problem. Moreover, an offset module is introduced to emphasize the local spectral–spatial information. Finally, we comprehensively evaluate the proposed method on three public datasets. The experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach compared with other state-of-the-art methods.
Another new species of Dixonius (Squamata, Gekkonidae) from Gia Lai Province in the Central Highlands, Vietnam

Another new species of Dixonius, D. fulbrightisp. nov., is described from Gia Lai Province, in the Central Highlands of Vietnam, using an integrated approach based on morphological, categorical (color pattern), and mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene (ND2) and its flanking tRNAs data. Phylogenetic analyses recovered Dixonius fulbrightisp. nov. as closely related to D. gialaiensis from Gia Lai Province and part of a clade that includes D. minhlei, D. siamensis, and D. somchanhae. Multivariate (PCA, DAPC, and MFA) and univariate (ANOVA) analyses of 15 meristic (scale counts), six morphometric (mensural), and five categorical (color pattern and morphology) characters from 44 specimens of all eight species of Dixonius from Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia clearly demonstrated that Dixonius fulbrightisp. nov. is statistically different and diagnostically distinct from all closely related species of Dixonius. This new species discovery highlights the underestimated gecko diversity and the importance of continued fieldwork in the Central Highlands of Vietnam.
PRTFNet: HRTF Individualization for Accurate Spectral Cues Using a Compact PRTF

Spatial audio rendering relies on accurate localization perception, which requires individual head-related transfer functions (HRTFs). Previous methods based on deep neural networks (DNNs) for predicting HRTF magnitude spectra from pinna images used HRTF log-magnitude as the network output during the training stage. However, HRTFs encompass the acoustical characteristics of the head and torso, making it challenging to reconstruct the spectral cues necessary for elevation localization. To tackle this issue, we propose PRTFNet to reconstruct the individual spectral cues in HRTFs by mitigating the influence of the head and torso. PRTFNet consists of an end-to-end convolutional neural network (CNN) model and leverages a compact pinna-related transfer function (PRTF) that eliminates the impact of sound reflections from the head and torso in the head-related impulse response (HRIR) as network output. Additionally, we introduce HRTF phase personalization, a technique that utilizes the phase spectra of a selected HRTFs from a database and adjusts the phase by multiplying it by the ratio of the target listener’s head width to that of the subject of the selected HRTFs. We evaluated the proposed HRTF individualization methods using the HUTUBS dataset, and the results demonstrate that PRTFNet is highly effective in reconstructing the first and second spectral cues. In terms of log spectral distortion (LSD) and effective LSD (LSDE), PRTFNet outperforms previous deep learning-based model. Furthermore, multiplying the selected phase by the head width ratio reduces the root mean square error (RMSE) of interaural time difference (ITD) by 0.003 ms.
Latent Gaussian Processes Based Graph Learning for Urban Traffic Prediction

Traffic prediction facilitates various applications in the fields of smart vehicles and vehicular communications, and the key of successfully and accurately forecasting urban traffic state is to model the complex spatiotemporal correlations within urban traffic networks. However, even though great efforts have been devoted to modeling the spatiotemporal correlations, such issue remains challenging in the following two loci, i) capturing dynamic spatial correlations and ii) efficiently and holistically modeling temporal trends. To tackle these challenges, in this article, we propose a novel Adaptive Graph convolution based Autoencoder with Latent Gaussian processes (AGALG). Specifically, a graph fusion module is proposed to fuse learnable graphs for modeling static spatial correlations and data-driven graphs for dynamic spatial correlations. The fused graphs are fed into an adaptive graph convolutional autoencoder whose encoder represents both historical and future data in a latent space where they are holistically modeled by Gaussian processes generated by a latent Gaussian generator. We apply a Gaussian processes regressor to make estimations of latent representations of future data, and the decoder of autoencoder finally generates predictions. Experimental results on several widely used benchmark datasets validate that the proposed model achieves the state-of-the-art performance.
Nineteenth Century Policies for 21st Century Practice: The Textbook Reform Dilemma

TEXTBOOKS are a ubiquitous partof schooling in theUnitedStates.Visitany elementary orsecondary schoolclassroom andthechancesarethattextbooks will be a prominent, if notdominant, partof teaching and learning. Indeed,as much as 90 percent of instructional time is structured by some sort of instructional materiaL! The extensive use of textbooks was documented as early as 1931 by WilliamC. Bagley.z Morerecentstudies of textbook useincludethoseby Allen H. Bartonand DavidE. Wilder,Richard E. Gross,andGailMcCutcheon?
Re—Examination on the Climatological Significance of the Ice Core δ18O Records from No.1 Glacier at the Head of Urumqi River

Ice core δ18O recorde from the No.a glacier at the head of the Urumqi River were used o characterize the relationship between δ18O and contemporaneous surface air temperature(Ta) nearby the Daxigou Meteorological Station(3539 m above sea level,-2km away from the ice core drilling site),Although the ice core records of annually averaged δ18O are positively correlated with conemporaneous surface air temperature,especially summer air temperature,the correlation is less significant than that for the precipitation samples due to depositional and post-depositional modification processes,However,the Climatological significance of the ice corδ18O records can be still preserved to a certain degree,which moght extend the application of high altitude and sub-tropical ice core δ18O records to paleoclimate reconstruction.
SHADOZ (Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes): A Tropical Ozonesonde-Radiosonde Network for the Atmospheric Community

A lack of sounding data has limited the accuracy of ozone satellite retrievals in the tropics and our understanding of chemical-dynamical interactions in a region strongly influenced by natural variability and anthropogenic activity. In 1998, NASA s Goddard Space Flight Center, NOAA's Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory (CMDL) and a team of international sponsors established the SHADOZ (Southern Hemisphere ADditional OZonesondes) project to address the gap in tropical ozone soundings. SHADOZ augments launches at selected sites and provides a public archive of ozonesonde and radiosonde data from twelve tropical and subtropical stations at http://croc.gsfc. nasa.gov/shadoz. Instrumentation, data and a summary of the first scientific findings from SHADOZ are presented.
Strong Bioactive Glass-Based Hybrid Implants with Good Biomineralization Activity Used to Reduce Formation Duration and Improve Biomechanics of Bone Regeneration

Developing bioactive implants with strong mechanical properties and biomineralization activity is critical in bone repair. In this work, modified cellulose nanofiber (mCNF)-reinforced bioactive glass (BG)-polycaprolactone (PCL) hybrids (mCNF–BP) with strong biomechanics and good apatite formation ability were reported. Incorporating mCNFs shortens the forming duration of the hybrid films and enhances the biomechanical performance and in vitro apatite-formation capability. The optimized biomechanical performance of the optimal hybrid materials is produced at a relatively high mCNF content (1.0 wt%), including a considerably higher modulus of elasticity (948.65 ± 74.06 MPa). In addition, the biomineralization activity of mCNF–BP hybrids is also tailored with the increase in the mCNF contents. The mCNF–BP with 1.5 wt% and 2.0 wt% mCNFs demonstrate the best biomineralization activity after immersing in simulated body fluid for 3 days. This study suggests that mCNFs are efficient bioactive additive to reinforce BG-based hybrids’ mechanical properties and biomineralization activity.
The California Deserts: An Ecological Rediscovery

Preface Acknowledgments INTRODUCTION: THE LOST BASKET REDISCOVERY Coming to Explore Coming to Conquer Coming to Understand Coming to Cherish A CONSPIRACY OF EXTREMES Geography of a Bioregion Climate Geology Soils Waters OPERATION AND ORIGINS Ecosystem Operations in the Desert Bioregion Origins of the Desert Bioregion REMARKABLE BIOTA Biological Diversity: The Richness of Species Evolving with Drought Drought-Susceptible Species Drought-Avoiding Species Drought-Tolerant Species GREATER THAN THE SUM OF THE PARTS Great Basin Communities Mojave Communities Sonoran Communities FUTURE OF AN ARID BIOREGION Current Threats Ecological Remedies Weaving a New Basket References Art Credits Index
PLANNING BICYCLE CORRIDOR FOR SHANGHAI CENTRAL CITY

In Shanghai central city, bicycle is still acted as the most important commuting vehicle notwithstanding cycling trips had decreased to 25.2% in 2004 from 41.7% in 1995. Due to the lack of alternative running-through corridors for cyclists, most of them have commuted along main roads for years where conflicts between motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles are seriously intensified as a consequence of insufficient road supply. And these cyclists are terribly exposed to traffic pollution with the rapid development of motorization. Therefore it is necessary to provide more convenient, safer, and continuous bicycle corridor systems for cyclists. This paper present the notions of Pedestrian&Cyclist (P&C) Island and P&C Nucleus to remove the division by arterial roads and locate corridors for main flow of cycling trips. Based on the principles of "Connecting P&C Island", "Passing P&C Nucleus", "Cutting and Straightening", and "Prioritizing then Attracting", the bicycle corridor network planned for Shanghai central city and the tidal management policies designed for different corridors are proposed in paper, which provide appropriate bicycle corridors mainly on branches and release the conflicts between motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles on main roads, and achieve the promising harmony coexistence for cyclists and motor drivers.
Antisense Therapy for Infectious Diseases

Infectious diseases, particularly Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, pose a significant global health challenge, with 1.6 million reported deaths in 2021, making it the most fatal disease caused by a single infectious agent. The rise of drug-resistant infectious diseases adds to the urgency of finding effective and safe intervention therapies. Antisense therapy uses antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) that are short, chemically modified, single-stranded deoxyribonucleotide molecules complementary to their mRNA target. Due to their designed target specificity and inhibition of a disease-causing gene at the mRNA level, antisense therapy has gained interest as a potential therapeutic approach. This type of therapy is currently utilized in numerous diseases, such as cancer and genetic disorders. Currently, there are limited but steadily increasing studies available that report on the use of ASOs as treatment for infectious diseases. This review explores the sustainability of FDA-approved and preclinically tested ASOs as a treatment for infectious diseases and the adaptability of ASOs for chemical modifications resulting in reduced side effects with improved drug delivery; thus, highlighting the potential therapeutic uses of ASOs for treating infectious diseases.
The dual role of cannabidiol on monocyte-derived dendritic cell differentiation and maturation

Introduction Extracts and compounds isolated from hemp (Cannabis sativa) are increasingly gaining popularity in the treatment of a number of diseases, with topical formulations for dermatological conditions leading the way. Phytocannabinoids such as ( )-cannabidiol, ( )-cannabinol and ( )-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin (CBD, CBN, and THCV, respectively), are present in variable amounts in the plant, and have been shown to have mostly anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in vivo, albeit dominantly in murine models. The role of phytocannabinoids in regulating responses of dendritic cells (DCs) remains unclear. Methods Our research aimed to investigate the effects of CBD, CBN, and THCV on human DCs differentiated from monocytes (moDCs). moDCs were treated with up to 10 μM of each phytocannabinoid, and their effects on viability, differentiation, and maturation were assessed both alone, and in conjunction with TLR agonists. The effects of CBD on cytokine production, T cell activation and polarization as well as the transcriptome of moDCs was also determined. Results Phytocannabinoids did not influence the viability of moDCs up to 10 μM, and only CBD had effects on maturational markers of moDCs, and neither compound influenced LPS-induced activation at 10 μM. Since only CBD had measurable effects on moDCs, in our subsequent experiments we tested the effect only of that pCB. On moDCs differentiated in the presence of CBD subsequent activation by LPS induced a markedly different, much more tolerogenic response. CBD-treated moDCs also produced significantly more interleukin (IL)-6, TNFα and, importantly, IL-10 in response to LPS, which shows a shift toward anti-inflammatory signaling, as well as a more robust secretory response in general. To rule out the possibility that these effects of CBD are specific to TLR4 signaling, we determined the effect of CBD on TLR7/8-induced maturation as well, and saw similar, although less marked responses. CBD-treated moDCs were also less efficient at activating naïve T cells after LPS stimulation, further supporting the tolerogenic effect of this phytocannabinoid on moDCs. Reactome pathway analysis showed an inflammatory response to LPS in moDCs, and to a lesser extent to CBD as well. In contrast CBD-treated moDCs responded to LPS with a shift towards a more tolerogenic phenotype, as IL-10 signaling was the most prominently induced pathway in this group. Discussion Our results show that CBD achieves an anti-inflammatory effect on adaptive immune responses only in the presence of an activating stimuli on moDCs by reprogramming cells during long-term treatment, and not through acute, short-term effects.
A 77 GHz Phased Array Antenna Based on Substrate-Integrated Waveguide

In this study, a 77 GHz phased array antenna based on substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) is proposed. The proposed phased array antenna includes two columns of transmitting (TX) linear antenna arrays and two rows of receiving (RX) linear antenna arrays, which form a rectangular ring distribution. These TX and RX antennas are vertically polarized cavity antennas fed by SIW slots. Simulation results show that the TX antennas and RX antennas have good phased scanning capabilities of ±30° in the elevation direction and ±45° in the azimuth direction at 75–81 GHz, respectively. In order to verify the performance of the proposed antenna, we excite each one of the TX and RX linear phased array antennas using two SIW power dividers and two WR12 waveguide ports. The measured bandwidths of the TX and RX antenna arrays with voltage standing wave ratio less than 2 are 14.5% from 73.7 to 85 GHz and 13.7% from 72.5 to 83.2 GHz, respectively. The measured boresight gains of the TX and RX antenna arrays at the operating frequency band are around 12 and 11.5 dBi, respectively.
Tryptophan Modulation in Cancer-Associated Cachexia Mouse Models

Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome that interferes with treatment and reduces the quality of life and survival of patients. Currently, there is no effective treatment or biomarkers, and pathophysiology is not clear. Our group reported alterations on tryptophan metabolites in cachectic patients, so we aim to investigate the role of tryptophan using two cancer-associated cachexia syngeneic murine models, melanoma B16F10, and pancreatic adenocarcinoma that is KPC-based. Injected mice showed signs of cancer-associated cachexia as reduction in body weight and raised spleen weight, MCP1, and carbonilated proteins in plasma. CRP and Myostatin also increased in B16F10 mice. Skeletal muscle showed a decrease in quadriceps weight and cross-sectional area (especially in B16F10). Higher expression of atrophy genes, mainly Atrogin1, was also observed. Plasmatic tryptophan levels in B16F10 tumor-bearing mice decreased even at early steps of tumorigenesis. In KPC-injected mice, tryptophan fluctuated but were also reduced and in cachectic patients were significantly lower. Treatment with 1-methyl-tryptophan, an inhibitor of tryptophan degradation, in the murine models resulted in the restoration of plasmatic tryptophan levels and an improvement on splenomegaly and carbonilated proteins levels, while changes in plasmatic inflammatory markers were mild. After the treatment, CCR2 expression in monocytes diminished and lymphocytes, Tregs, and CD8+, were activated (seen by increased in CD127 and CD25 expression, respectively). These immune cell changes pointed to an improvement in systemic inflammation. While treatment with 1-MT did not show benefits in terms of muscle wasting and atrophy in our experimental setting, muscle functionality was not affected and central nuclei fibers appeared, being a feature of regeneration. Therefore, tryptophan metabolism pathway is a promising target for inflammation modulation in cancer-associated cachexia.