Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Smart Textiles: A Platform for Sensing and Personalized Mobile Information-processing

Textiles are pervasive and span the continuum of life from infants to senior citizens. The invention of the jacquard weaving machine led to the concept of a stored «program’ and ‘mechanized’ binary information-processing. This development served as the inspiration for Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine – the precursor to the modern-day computer, which has since spawned the explosive growth of information-processing witnessed in recent years. In this paper, we explore the potential synergy between textiles and computing and identify the need to bring about a seamless integration between the two domains to facilitate sensing and personalized mobile information-processing. We discuss the design and development of the Wearable Motherboard or Smart Shirt and follow with an overview of the major applications of the Smart Shirt technology. Finally, we present the challenges and opportunities for research in this emerging field that have the potential to transform and revitalize the mature held of textiles significantly.
Bioactive Compounds and Biological Activities of Sorghum Grains

Sorghum is the fifth most commonly used cereal worldwide and is a rich source of many bioactive compounds. We summarized phenolic compounds and carotenoids, vitamin E, amines, and phytosterols in sorghum grains. Recently, with the development of detection technology, new bioactive compounds such as formononetin, glycitein, and ononin have been detected. In addition, multiple in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that sorghum grains have extensive bio-logical activities, such as antioxidative, anticancer, antidiabetic, antiinflammatory, and antiobesity properties. Finally, with the establishment of sorghum phenolic compounds database, the bound phenolics and their biological activities and the mechanisms of biological activities of sorghum bioactive compounds using clinical trials may be researched.
Isothermal titration calorimetric assessment of lignin conversion by laccases

Lignin valorization may offer a sustainable approach to achieve a chemical industry that is not completely dependent on fossil resources for the production of aromatics. However, lignin is a recalcitrant, heterogeneous, and complex polymeric compound for which only very few catalysts can act in a predictable and reproducible manner. Laccase is one of those catalysts and has often been referred to as an ideal “green” catalyst, as it is able to oxidize various linkages within lignin to release aromatic products, with the use of molecular oxygen and formation of water as the only side product. The extent and rate of laccase‐catalyzed lignin conversion were measured using the label‐free analytical technique isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). IITC provides the molar enthalpy of the reaction, which reflects the extent of conversion and the time‐dependent power trace, which reflects the rate of the reaction. Calorimetric assessment of the lignin conversion brought about by various fungal and bacterial laccases in the absence of mediators showed marked differences in the extent and rate of conversion for the different enzymes. Kraft lignin conversion by Trametes versicolor laccase followed Michaelis–Menten kinetics and was characterized by the following thermodynamic and kinetic parameters ΔHITC = −(2.06 ± 0.06)·103 kJ mol−1, KM = 6.6 ± 1.2 μM and Vmax = 0.30 ± 0.02 U/mg at 25°C and pH 6.5. We envision calorimetric techniques as important tools for the development of enzymatic lignin valorization strategies.
Investigation of Effectiveness of Media Advertising and Police Enforcement in Reducing Red-Light Violations

Research was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of an organized public information and education program coupled with targeted police enforcement in deterring red-light-running activity at signalized intersections. To achieve the objectives of this research, data were obtained for six signalized intersections, using video technology. The field data included seven variables that assess drivers’ behavior about the yellow and red signal indications. Data were collected before and after a public information and education program that was implemented for 1 month. The study results indicate that, generally, the combination of public information and education programs and targeted enforcement does have a significant impact on the behavior of drivers approaching an intersection after the onset of the yellow light. No significant differences were found between the effects of these two treatments, however. Therefore, it can be inferred that right-angle accidents resulting from red-light running possibly can be reduced through the implementation of public information and education programs. These changes among drivers indicate that such programs are effective in deterring red-light violations at signalized intersections. The implication of this result is that governmental agencies should consider allocating more funds toward traffic safety–oriented educational and enforcement programs. With video surveillance’s impact in this project taken into consideration, automated enforcement technologies, such as red-light-running surveillance cameras, should be evaluated for further use at signalized intersections.
Attacking Satellite Path Planning Based on Genetic Algorithm

In the space attack defensive system, a satellite is usually used to attack another satellite. To approach the target satellite successfully, path planning is very important for the attacking satellite, especially when the defensive system of the target satellite is composed of formation flying small satellites. This paper presents an environment model that is established on the relative orbit model of small satellites and changed into a static model for path planning. A genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal path. The coding rules, fitness function, and three genetic operators are designed in turn. The fitness function is found by considering region constraint, safe constraint, shortest length constraint, and crooked degree constraint. The simulation results show that the optimal path can be found with good stability and convergence, and the optimal path could satisfy requirements of security and the shortest path well.
Human Safety and Health in Electromagnetic Fields

Handling electric equipment may cause currents in the body. Methods and measures to protect people against the risks of these currents are accepted worldwide. However, the safety and health when exposed to electromagnetic fields causing also currents in the body, is controversial. The actual guidelines are using safety factors (SF) which are conservative to protect people. We propose the introduction of a health factor (HF) to cope with problems such as long term effects and the precautionary principle.
Adaptive MMSE Multiuser Detection in MIMO OFDM Wireless Communication System

The combination of MIMO signal processing with OFDM is a solution to achieving high data rates for next generation wireless communication systems operating in frequency selective fading environments. To realize the extension of the MIMO with OFDM, a number of changes are required in the baseband signal processing. The developed adaptive Multiuser Detection in MIMO OFDM(AMUD) scheme performs better compared to non adaptive MIMO OFDM, at low Signal to noise ratio (SNR), it shows good performance in computational complexity, bit error rate (BER) and capacity. Simulation results show that the developed algorithm sum rate capacity is very close to MIMO theoretical upper bound (21.5 bits/s/Hz at signal to noise ratio of 20dB) which strongly indicate it’s applicability to the uplink channel where power transmission at the mobile station is a constraint. The BER performance of the developed scheme shows that, as the number of antenna increases, the 8 x 8 AMUD provides a 2dB gain compared to known non adaptive MIMO OFDMO at low SNR.
Dynamic Properties and Stability Assessment of Current-Fed Converters in Photovoltaic Applications

This paper presents the general dynamic descriptions of current-fed converters applied in the solar or photovoltaic applications including an impedance-based method to assess the stability of the corresponding interconnected system. Several earlier unknown general parameters are indentified governing either the low-frequency behavior of the closed-loop converter or affecting the source or load interactions. Experimental evidence is provided to support the theoretical findings based on current-fed superbuck and boost converters both in time and frequency domains.
Optimizing CD uniformity by total PEB cycle temperature control on track equipment

Traditionally, the stable-state temperature uniformity of resist post-exposure bake (PEB) units is considered major contributor to within wafer critical dimension (CD) uniformity. However, it has been realized that continued improvements in CD uniformity requires across-the-wafer temperature uniformity for the entire PEB cycle. The wafer temperature uniformity of the PEB heating and chilling cycle contribution to CD uniformity has been characterized in detail. When a silicon wafer is first placed on a traditional hot plate the within wafer temperature variance can be several degrees Celsius before the wafer reaches equilibrium at the set-point temperature target. A completely new hot plate design has been conceptualized and produced to attain thermal uniformity of the process wafer for the entire PEB cycle. This new PEB hot plate design was modeled after thermal transfer principle of a heat pipe to attain across-the-wafer uniformity during wafer heating and stable-state PEB. The new PEB plate design also allows to quickly change the PEB process temperature set-point up or down. Characterization has been completed to detail the importance of this new PEB plate design in attaining within wafer CD uniformity on single-digit nanometer level for KrF and ArF photolithography resist processing on track equipment.
Emodin Improves Intestinal Health and Immunity through Modulation of Gut Microbiota in Mice Infected by Pathogenic Escherichia coli O1

Simple Summary Diarrhea is associated with intestinal inflammation and ecological imbalance of the intestinal flora. Emodin is an herbal ingredient with various pharmacological effects, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer. Although several characteristics of emodin have been reported, the effects of orally administered emodin on the structure of the intestinal microbial community and immunological parameters in mice with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infection are not well understood. Therefore, this study focused on determining whether emodin mitigates the negative effects of ETEC infection on intestinal barrier function and immune response in mice by altering intestinal flora. The results suggest that emodin protects against intestinal damage induced by E. coli O1 and improves intestinal mucosal barrier function in mice by increasing the abundance of beneficial intestinal microbiota and inhibiting the abundance of harmful bacteria, thereby alleviating diarrhea. The findings of this study will contribute to our understanding of how emodin attenuates the effects of ETEC on intestinal mucosal barrier damage by modulating the microbial composition of the gut. Abstract The effect of emodin on the intestinal mucosal barrier of a mouse E. coli O1-induced diarrhea model was observed. Following successful establishment of a diarrhea model, the mice were treated with drugs for seven days. Intestinal lesions and the shape and the number of goblet cells were assessed via hematoxylin-eosin and periodic-acid-Schiff staining, while changes in inflammatory factors, ultrastructure of the small intestine, expression of MUC-2, and changes in the intestinal microbiota were analyzed via RT-PCR, electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and 16S rRNA sequencing. Examination showed that emodin ameliorated pathological damage to the intestines of diarrheic mice. RT-PCR indicated that emodin reduced TNF-α, IL-β, IL-6, MPO, and COX-2 mRNA levels in duodenal tissues and increased the levels of sIgA and MUC-2 and the number of goblet cells. Microbiome analysis revealed that Escherichia coli O1 reduced bacterial richness and altered the distribution pattern of bacterial communities at the phylum and order levels in cecum contents. Notably, pathogenic Clostridiales and Enterobacteriales were significantly increased in diarrheic mice. However, emodin reversed the trend. Thus, emodin protected against intestinal damage induced by E. coli O1 and improved intestinal mucosal barrier function in mice by increasing the abundance of beneficial intestinal microbiota and inhibiting the abundance of harmful bacteria, thereby alleviating diarrhea.
Service Lives of R&D Assets: Questionnaire Approach

This publication presents information gathered from a new question on R&D service lives included in the 2011 Business Enterprise Research and Development survey. The origins and development of the question are overviewed and results are presented, along with assessment of statistical reliability. Findings indicate that the average service life of UK R&D lies between 6.0 and 10.5 years and that R&D lives vary across different industrial sections.
Coping with product variety in the food processing industry: the effect of form postponement

Form postponement (FP) is an operations design approach that has been proposed in the literature as a solution for companies to handle increasing product variety and demand uncertainty. FP is possible in food, but the few authors that studied FP in food stress that food characteristics limit the benefits of applying FP. In this paper, we study how characteristics of the food processing industry affect the operational performance of implementing FP based on a case in a dairy company and a simulation model. We found that substantial operational performance improvements could be achieved when implementing FP diminishes the negative effects of some typical food processing industry characteristics. Large gains are possible in production settings with restricted batch sizes and cyclical plans that heavily influence the timing of production. However, a premise to maximise the FP benefits is that the other planning activities should match the new capabilities. Benefits are lower if the company cannot or does not adapt its organisational procedures.
Research on shutter mode of CMOS imager and its application

Research the specific applications of rolling shutter of CMOS image sensor with CMOS image sensor. First, this paper introduces the principle and characteristics of global shutter and rolling shutter of the CMOS imager, it analyzes the impact of rolling shutter on measurement precision of the imaging system based on CMOS imager. Imaging experiment is taken to test the analyses of the rolling shutter. Then, an original method for computing instantaneous 3D pose and velocity of fast moving objects using a single view is presented. It exploits image deformations induced by rolling shutter in CMOS image sensors. Finally, a general perspective projection model of a moving 3D point is presented. A solution for the pose and velocity recovery problem is then described. Results indicate that some aberrations appear in faith, and the aberration degree has close relations with some parameters of CMOS imager like integration. After experiments can minimize error in the case of moving objects by the pose and speed parameters, the calculation error is under 2.5 percent. Experimental results with real data confirm the relevance of the approach. The resulting algorithm enables to transform a CMOS low cost and low power camera into an original velocity sensor.
Sensitivity and frequency limitations of biquadratic active filters

A comparative study of single-amplifier filters, fifteen different two-amplifier circuits, and the state-variable three-amplifier configuration is given. The figures-of-merit used are the passive sensitivities, the \omega_0 gain-sensitivity products, the Q gain-sensitivity products, and the \omega_0 and Q deviations due to the amplifiers' limited bandwidth. In addition, practical matters such as input impedance and component spread are considered. Among the circuits considered a particular twoamplifier resonator emerges as the "best" biquadratic section. Some of the interesting results include a unified expression, applicable to a large class of low-sensitivity circuits, for the \omega_0 deviation due to the amplifier's limited frequency response. In this expression, which applies for all active filters which have low \omega_0 active sensitivities, the only configurationdependent quantities are the Q gain-sensitivity products.
Integrated magnetic for LLC resonant converter

A new LLC resonant converter is proposed for front end DC/DC conversion in a distributed power system. This converter shows some potential benefits in this application. This paper proposes several integrated magnetic designs for LLC resonant converter. This converter has three magnetic components. With magnetic integration, first, a number of components can be reduced; secondly, flux ripple cancellation is achieved so that core loss is reduced. From these benefits, higher power density can be achieved. In design of the integrated magnetic structure for LLC resonant converter, a general model of four winding integrated magnetic structure is derived which can be used to derive integrated magnetic structure for different topologies. Finally, the test result is shown.
Immunotherapy: A Case Series

Immunotherapy is on the rise as a treatment option for advanced melanoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, and melanoma among others. It consists of two main classes being cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA 4) inhibitors and programmed cell death 1 (PD 1) inhibitors. We report a case series of four patients who were started on either pembrolizumab or nivolumab for the treatment of melanoma or lung cancer. While on immunotherapy, they developed various side effects related to the immunotherapy including pneumonitis, transaminitis, thyroiditis, nephritis, and hypophysitis. To treat this complication, immunotherapy must be discontinued or held with immunosuppressant initiation as treatment. Most often the immunosuppressant of choice is steroids. After symptoms improve, patients can decide along with the clinician on restarting or completely stopping immunotherapy. Within our case series, three of four patients had resolutions of their symptoms with steroid treatment with one who was lost to follow up. Of the three patients who were being followed up, one had a relapse of side effects after resuming immunotherapy and decided against further treatment with immunotherapy. Another patient is doing well resuming immunotherapy on a daily dose of steroids. The last patient decided to not continue with immunotherapy after experiencing a flare of his symptoms when he was being treated since he missed a few doses of steroids. Further research is needed about the risk of flares of complications when resuming immunotherapy alone or with immunotherapy and steroid treatment.
Beliefs and Norms Associated with the Use of Ultra-Processed Commercial Milk Formulas for Pregnant Women in Vietnam

Commercial milk formula for pregnant women (CMF-PW) is an expensive, ultra-processed food with a high concentration of sugar, the consumption of which may be linked to negative health outcomes. However, CMF-PWs are promoted as beneficial for pregnant women and lactating mothers as well as their children. To date, little is known about the factors associated with the use of CMF-PW among pregnant women. We performed this analysis to examine the association between the use of CMF-PW and related beliefs and norms among pregnant women in Vietnam. We interviewed 268 pregnant women in their second and third trimesters from two provinces and one municipality representing diverse communities in Vietnam. Multinomial (polytomous) logistic regression, structural equation modeling (SEM), and propensity score matching (PSM) analysis were used to examine associations between beliefs and social norms related to CMF-PW and reported consumption, characterized as occasional, recent, and never during the current pregnancy. Overall, 64.6% of pregnant women reported using CMF-PW during the current pregnancy and 34.7% consumed CMF-PW on the day prior to the interview. Strong beliefs that CMF-PW will make a child smart and healthy (53.7%) and the perception that use of CMF-PW is common (70.9%) were associated with increased use on the previous day (beliefs: aOR: 3.56; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI): 1.65, 7.71; p < 0.01 and social norms aOR: 2.29; 95% CI: 1.13, 4.66; p < 0.05). SEM and PSM analyses confirmed these findings for both occasional and regular CMF-PW use. Results are consistent with observations of CMF-PW product labels and marketing tactics in Vietnam. The prevalent use of CMF-PW in Vietnam is associated with the belief that these products make children smart and healthy and the perceived social norm that most mothers use these products, which mirrors marketing messages and approaches employed by the CMF industry.
Kinematic Optimization of a Flapping Motion for Maneuverability and Sustainability Flights

The design of a biomimetic micro air vehicle with flapping wings is an essential challenge in the military/civilian field to conduct various missions. The success of a micro-air-vehicle flight is strongly related to the maneuverability and sustainability of an unsteady aerodynamic performance of the flapping motion. Appropriate flapping kinematics need to be established that are amenable to various flight purposes under a fluctuating environment. In this research, kinematics of flapping motion are determined by the study of aerodynamic performance of a flapping airfoil for appropriate maneuverability and sustainability. The flapping motion of an airfoil is formulated by a combined sinusoidal plunging and pitching motion in various angles of the stroke plane. The optimization process is carried out to determine the efficient motions based on a well-defined surrogate model that is made from the results of two-dimensional computational-fluid-dynamics analysis. The kriging method and genetic algorithm are use.
Thermische Belastung durch Sonneneinstrahlung in Glasbauten

Zur Ermittlung der Kühllast nach VDI 2078 [1] oder zur Beurteilung des sommerlichen Wärmeschutzes nach DIN 4108‐2 [2] werden die Gesamtenergien, welche durch die einzelnen Glasflächen in einen Raum eindringen, aufsummiert. Dabei wird nicht berücksichtigt, daß ein Teil der kurzwelligen Strahlung den Raum durch andere transparente Flächen wieder verläßt. Die insgesamt thermisch wirksam werdende Strahlung im Raum wird durch diese Vernachlässigung überbewertet und führt zu überdimensionierten Kühlanlagen. Im folgenden Beitrag soll beispielhaft eine Quantifizierung der tatsächlich entstehenden Kühllast durch Sonneneinstrahlung erfolgen.