Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sensitive liberals and unfeeling conservatives? Interoceptive sensitivity predicts political liberalism

Abstract The stark divide between the political right and left is rooted in conflicting beliefs, values, and personality—and, recent research suggests, perhaps even lower-level physiological differences between individuals. In this registered report, we investigated a novel domain of ideological differences in physiological processes: interoceptive sensitivity—that is, a person's attunement to their own internal bodily states and signals (e.g., physiological arousal, pain, and respiration). We conducted two studies testing the hypothesis that greater interoceptive sensitivity would be associated with greater conservatism: one laboratory study in the Netherlands using a physiological heartbeat detection task and one large-scale online study in the United States employing an innovative webcam-based measure of interoceptive sensitivity. Contrary to our predictions, we found evidence that interoceptive sensitivity may instead predict greater political liberalism (versus conservatism), although this association was primarily limited to the American sample. We discuss implications for our understanding of the physiological underpinnings of political ideology.
Climatology and Meteorological Evolution of Major Wildfire Events over the Northeast United States

AbstractThis study presents a spatial and temporal climatology of major wildfire events, defined as >100 acres burned (>40.47 ha, where 1 ha = 2.47 acre), in the northeast United States from 1999 to 2009 and the meteorological conditions associated with these events. The northeast United States is divided into two regions: region 1 is centered over the higher terrain of the northeast United States and region 2 is primarily over the coastal plain. About 59% of all wildfire events in these two regions occur in April and May, with ~76% in region 1 and ~53% in region 2. There is large interannual variability in wildfire frequency, with some years having 4–5 times more fire events than other years. The synoptic flow patterns associated with northeast United States wildfires are classified using the North American Regional Reanalysis. The most common synoptic pattern for region 1 is a surface high pressure system centered over the northern Appalachians, which occurred in approximately 46% of all events. For reg.
Mean Radar Echo Characteristics during Project GALE

Abstract The mean radar echo characteristics during the Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment (GALE) are presented for the southeastern United States during the 15 January–15 March 1986 field phase of the program. The echo characteristics were derived from the operational National Weather Service (NWS) WSR-57 10 cm network radars. Radar echo frequency and intensity were subjectively tabulated on a 0.5° latitude-longitude grid from objectively contoured three hourly NWS maps routinely transmitted over facsimile. The objectively contoured maps were derived from manually digitized radar observations at each NWS radar location. The principal findings include: 1) a greater occurrence of VIP intensity level 1 and greater echoes in the coastal waters from Georgia to North Carolina; 2) a concentrated region of VIP intensity level 1,3 and 5 radar echoes ∼100 km cast of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina along the edge of the Gulf Stream; 3) a considerably greater likelihood of offshore versus onshore radar echoes along t.
The thermal conductivity of epoxy-resin / powder composite materials

Thermal conductivity measurements have been taken between 2 and 300 K on composites made from an epoxy resin, Araldite MY 740, with powder fillers of glass spheres, quartz, corundum and diamond. Above about 10 K the conductivity of the composites is in good agreement with theory for the glass spheres, whilst for non-spherical particles the addition of a shape factor in the theory improves the agreement. Below 10 K the conductivity of the composite tends to be much lower than that predicted by the theory, and it can be appreciably less than the conductivity of the unfilled resin. This is shown to be due to the acoustic mismatch of phonons at the resin-particle interfaces.
Observation and characterization of an optical spring

Recent theoretical developments have highlighted the potential importance of 'optical springs' in interferometers for gravitational wave detection as a means for beating the standard quantum limit. We have observed an optical spring effect experimentally in a detuned Fabry-Perot resonator in which one mirror is mounted on a flexure so that it has a significant response to radiation pressure. The main effect of the optical spring, an observed shift in the mechanical resonance frequency of the moveable mirror, agrees well with a simple model.
Diverse Biological Activities of 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Scaffold

The chemistry of 1,3,4-thiadiazole is one of the most interesting scaffolds for synthesizing new drug molecules due to their numerous pharmacological activities. Several modifications in the thiadiazole ring have been made, proving it to be more potent and highly effective with a less toxic scaffold for various biological activities. There are several marketed drugs containing 1,3,4-thiadiazole ring in their structure. In this review article, we have tried to compile the newly synthesized 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives possessing important pharmaceutical significance since 2014.
Digital surface model generation from aerial imagery using bridge probability relaxation matching

Abstract. Optical image dense matching is a crucial step in the process of generating digital surface models (DSMs). Many existing dense matching methods have adopted pixelwise matching strategy and have achieved precise matching results; however, the methods are time consuming and have limited efficiency in high surveying and mapping production. We introduce a bridge probability relaxation matching method for automatic DSM generation. The method adopts a coarse-to-fine hierarchical strategy and achieves high matching accuracy and fast processing speed simultaneously. This method builds a self-adaptive disparity surface model in a local area and constrains the disparity surface using the spatial relationship between feature points and adjacent pixels. Finally, the disparity is optimized by calculating the increment of the relaxation iteration probability. Experiments are based on different areas with different textures and terrain types. Compared with the DSMs derived from semi-global matching, our proposed approach achieves high levels of accuracy and efficiency in automatic DSM generation.
Wave propagation in one dimensional inhomogeneous elastic media.

The wave propagation through a one dimensional inhomogeneous elastic media is studied from a mathematical view point. An ensemble of inhomogeneous elastic media is imagined and the wave propagation is investigated statistically. The wave field inherent in these media is separated into two distinct parts: the mean wave field and the fluctuation wave field. The former can be characterized by an ensemble average of the wave fields over all the possible random media. The randomness of the media is, herein, assumed to be stationary random functions of space with zero means and small compared to the extent. The statistical
The relation between initial and minimum final white dwarf mass for population I stars

The evolutionary paths for Population I stars having initial masses 1, 2.5, 3, 4, and 5 solar masses were computed from the homogeneous main sequence to the onset of the first major thermal pulse to evaluate the minimum mass and the chemical stratification of the remnant white dwarf (WD) associated with each parent mass. The helium flash phase was followed in detail for a 2.5 solar masses star, whereas for the 1 solar mass star the flash was bypassed, and the models at the beginning of the steady central helium burning phase were obtained by means of a scaling procedure upon the properly computed total and core masses. The results show that for a parent ranging between 1-3 solar masses the core mass at the first thermal pulse ranges only from 0.64-0.69 solar mass. If some very fast mass-loss mechanism is triggered in connection with the early stages of the thermal pulse phase, as suggested by the observed deficiency of asymptotic giant branch stars, the relation between final and initial mass is almost flat at least up to an initial mass of 3 solar masses, and the mass spectrum of the WDs is narrow and heavily peaked around 0.65 solarmore » mass. 53 references. « less
Transfer of GaSb thin film to insulating substrate via separation by hydrogen implantation

Thin films of GaSb were transferred to insulating substrates by a combination of wafer bonding and separation by hydrogen ion implantation. Hydrogen ion implantation and exfoliation were successfully exploited to transfer a 240 nm thick GaSb film to a glass substrate at temperatures ≤150°C. A novel room temperature wafer bonding technique utilising an ultraviolet/ozone process was also demonstrated. The films have been characterised by atomic force and scanning electron microscopies.
A one-sided probability inequality for the sum of independent, bounded random variables

SUMMARY This paper shows that if xl, x2, . , Xnare n totally independent random variables, not necessarily identically distributed, with var (xi) k2Mi} is less than or equal to an explicit function of k (k < 1), r = min (M,/lo) and B = EM/max (Mi). A table is provided which allows easy calculation of the numerical value of the inequality.
Computational thinking as part of compulsory education: How is it represented in Swedish and Norwegian curricula?

In recent years, many countries have revised their school policy documents to incorporate digital competence, computational thinking and programming. This study examines and compares how and in what contexts Nordic curricula, Swedish and Norwegian in particular, embody aspects of computational thinking. Results show that only parts of the practices defined in the computational thinking framework used for analysis could be explicitly identified in the curriculum documents. The most salient computational thinking practice represented in both the Swedish and Norwegian curricula is programming, and programming is primarily recognized as a method and tool for learning other subject content and not as a knowledge domain in its own right. Implicitly both curricula leave leeway for teachers to implement a broader approach to computational thinking. However, this would need much time, teacher competence and effort, and what it requires seems to be under-communicated in the curricula, leaving schools and teachers with major challenges.
Study on the effect of temperature on the microbial community of activated sludge

In order to explore the effects of temperature on microbial community diversity on activated sludge, winter and summer activated sludge in the same sewage treatment system were selected for comparison. The experimental results show that in winter, when the activated sludge is prone to expansion and the activated sludge expands, the bacterial phyla with the largest relative abundance is Chloroflexi, while the largest phyla in the normal activated sludge is Proteobacteria, and the abundance of Actinobacteria and Bacteroidota in the other two sludges is also very different. Through the analysis of environmental factors, it was judged that under the environmental stress of low temperature and low dissolved oxygen, the proliferation of Chloroflexi and Bacteroidota in the activated sludge was determined, which inhibited the growth of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria and triggered sludge expansion. In addition, the related microorganisms in the winter sludge have a strong metabolic capacity for carbohydrates and proteins, indicating that under long-term extreme conditions, the microbial community can form a rapid metabolic pattern for carbohydrates and proteins to maintain the optimal removal effect of activated sludge on pollutants. By reducing the organic load of sludge and increasing the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water, it is found that the sedimentation of sludge has been improved, the efficiency of wastewater treatment has been improved, and the activated sludge system tends to be stable.
Global uniqueness at fixed energy in multidimensional inverse scattering theory

The author proves that the scattering amplitude T(k, omega , omega ') known for a fixed k>0, and all omega , omega ' in Sn-1, determines uniquely a potential of compact support, or more generally a potential that is already known in the complement of a compact set, for all dimensions n, n>or=3.
Oral Formulation and Characterization of Cross-Linked Xanthan Gum-Acacia Gum Nanoparticles For Oral Insulin Delivery

The insulin nanoparticles has been developed as an alternative to oral insulin delivery. Nanoparticle drug delivery system could be prepared by a cross-linked polymer, which was composed of xanthan gum and acacia gum, and cross-linked by sodium trimetaphosphate. The aim of the present study was to produce insulin nanoparticles using the cross-linked polymer of xanthan gum and acacia gum for oral delivery. In this study, insulin nanoparticles was prepared by mixing xanthan gum and acacia gum colloid with the ratio 1:1 and using sodium trimetaphosphate as a cross-linking agent in bases condition. Afterwards, insulin solution in HCl was added into the colloid, and then dried to produce the insulin nanoparticles. Insulin nanoparticle powders were characterized in terms of degree of substitution (DS), entrapment efficiency, Dv90, swelling ability, in vitro release study, and stability test. The results showed that the substitution degree of the insulin nanoparticles was 0.08 – 0.10 and the entrapment efficiency was 26.11% 48.73%. Moreover, the insulin nanoparticles had Dv90 value 547 nm 726 nm and swelling index of 1.1 2.9 in HCl pH 1.2 and 2.5 3.4 in phosphate buffer pH 6.8, respectively. According to the dissolution study, the insulin nanoparticles provided the insulin release of 78.42% 85.67% within 3 hours. Furthermore, stability testing showed insulin content after 9 weeks incubation at 4oC was 74.46% 85.09%. Therefore, this work demonstrated that a cross-linked polymer of xanthan gum and acasia gum nanoparticle could be potential for could be potential for oral insulin delivery system.
Dependence of the proton beam drift velocity on the proton core plasma beta in the solar wind

[1] A correlation between the proton core plasma beta and the proton beam drift speed in units of the local Alfven speed has been found in high-speed solar wind with the Helios 2 spacecraft plasma data obtained in 1976. This relation reads ν d /ν A = (2.16 ± 0.03) β∥ c (0.281±0.008) for the range β∥ c = 0.1 to 0.6, where β∥ c is the proton core plasma beta determined from the proton core thermal velocity component parallel to the magnetic field, ν d is the proton beam drift speed relative to the core, and ν A is the local Alfven speed. This relation places a tight constraint on theoretical models which describe the formation of the proton beam in the fast solar wind. It is also found that most of the observed proton beam distributions are stable with respect to the electromagnetic proton instability.
Estimation and Feedback in Linear Time-Varying Systems: A Deterministic Theory

The problems of (i) state-variable feedback, (ii) deterministic state estimation, and (iii) state estimation and feedback are considered for a finite-dimensional linear time-varying system. The following are the questions; they can be regarded as natural and logical extensions to a time-varying case of the pole assignment problem [2]–[6] for a time-invariant system. (i) What is the relation between controllability and reachability of an open loop system and the possibility of constructing a linear state-variable feedback law which realizes the prescribed stability and instability degrees of the closed loop system? (ii) What is the relation between observability and reconstructibility of the system to be estimated and the possibility of constructing a linear state estimator which realizes the prescribed stability and instability degrees of the estimate error? (iii) What is the relation between controllability, reachability, observability and reconstructibility of an open loop system and the possibility of con.
O-H wag vibrations in hydrated BaInxZr1-xO3-x/2

The nature of $\mathrm{O}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{H}$ wag vibrations in the cubic proton conducting perovskite-type oxides, ${\mathrm{BaIn}}_{x}{\mathrm{Zr}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{O}}_{3\ensuremath{-}x∕2}$ $(x=0.20\char21{}0.75)$ have been investigated by means of inelastic neutron scattering. Our spectroscopic results show that the $\mathrm{O}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{H}$ wag vibrations are manifested as a broad band between 600 and $1300\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. With increasing In concentration, the $\mathrm{O}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{H}$ wag band increases in intensity and broadens with an increased weight of the high frequency part. The intensity increase of the $\mathrm{O}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{H}$ wag band is a result of the increasing concentration of protons in the perovskite structure while the increased weight of the high frequency part results from an increased fraction of protons in strongly hydrogen bonding configurations. Such strongly hydrogen bonding configurations of the proton is primarily a result of the presence of oxygen vacancies and dopant atoms, which act as charged defects, but also of local structural distortions caused by the introduction of dopant atoms. From the temperature dependence of the $\mathrm{O}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{H}$ wag band we find that the mean square displacement of the protons increases only slightly as the temperature is raised from 30 to $300\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$, which implies that it is unlikely that the protons undergo long-range diffusion for temperatures below $300\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. Comparing the In concentration dependence of different components of the $\mathrm{O}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{H}$ wag band with the proton conductivity of the reported compositions indicates that protons in weak or intermediate hydrogen bonding configurations are likely the main charge carriers.
Differential flatness and absolute equivalence

In this paper we give a formulation of differential flatness-a concept originally introduced by Fliess, Levine, Martin, and Rouchon (1992)-in terms of absolute equivalence between exterior differential systems. Systems which are differentially flat have several useful properties which can be exploited to generate effective control strategies for nonlinear systems. The original definition of flatness was given in the context of differential algebra, and required that all mappings be meromorphic functions. Our formulation of flatness does not require any algebraic structure and allows one to use tools from exterior differential systems to help characterize differentially flat systems. In particular, we show that in the case of single input control systems (i.e., codimension 2 Pfaffian systems), a system is differentially flat if and only if it is feedback linearizable via static state feedback. However, in higher codimensions feedback linearizability and flatness are not equivalent: one must be careful with the role of time as well the use of prolongations which may not be realizable as dynamic feedbacks in a control setting. Applications of differential flatness to nonlinear control systems and open questions are also discussed. <<ETX>>
Measurement of Sugar Concentration by Multimodal Fiber Optics Sensor

: In this work, we report on the fabrication and testing of a ﬁber optics sensor based on multimodal interference (MMI) that is capable of measuring sugar concentration in aqueous solutions. The sensor has a simple structure, built by splicing a segment of multimode ﬁber (MMF) between two single-mode ﬁbers (SMS architecture). The sensor’s operating mechanism is based on the spectral shift due to changes in the effective refractive index (RI) of the media surrounding the MMF. The optical sensor was tested with fructose and sucrose, which were diluted in distilled water in a concentration range from 0% to 18.5%. The proposed device exhibits a linear response with a sensitivity of around 0.17524 nm/% and 0.16321 nm/% for sucrose and fructose, respectively. In addition, this optical sensor shows the advantage of simple construction, low cost, and linear response, it does not require additional processes or coatings on the optical ﬁber.
Effects of transcranial pulsed electrical stimulation on fatigue rats

The purpose of the present study was to identify the effects of transcranial pulsed current stimulation of the central nervous system (CNS‑TPCS) on systemic monoamine neurotransmitter changes in rats with exercise fatigue. Nine Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, of which three SD rats with CNS-TPCS, were enrolled in this pilot study. Changes in plasma dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5‑HT) levels were examined using two-way repeated measures anova at seven time points (a fixed time point after the end of the test, 7 days in a row). In the experimental group, DA levels increased significantly over time following CNS‑TPCS, and 5-HT levels increased significantly over time following CNS‑TPCS. In the observation and control groups, DA and 5-HT levels remained unchanged during the experimental. The DA levels of the control group was significantly lower than that of the experimental group and the observation group, while the 5-HT level was significantly higher than that of the experimental group and the observation group. These results suggest that the anti-fatigue properties of CNS-TPCS experimental associated with its fatigue recovery effectiveness in rats with exercise fatigue. Moreover, additional studies are essential to evaluate the potential of DA and 5-HT, and as biomarkers to evaluate the fatigue recovery response to CNS‑TPCS experimental, which could facilitate sports rehabilitation optimization.
Progress in phase angle thermography

Phase angle thermography is basically spatially multiplexed photothermal radiometry. It provides images for remote detection and imaging of damage. For energy deposition one can use external heat sources (e.g., light or convective heating) or internal heat generation (e.g., electric current, microwaves, eddy current, or elastic wave). More complete information about defects is obtained by combining information from external and internal heating methods: Effects of intact thermal structure can be distinguished from defect specific thermal signatures. Our recent results relate to multifrequency excitation allowing for depth profiling from one lock-in-thermography measurement and, additionally, to modulated ultrasound frequency burst phase angle thermography where effects of standing elastic waves are eliminated. This way the applications for nondestructive evaluation become more reliable and faster.