Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multimodal Route Planning With Public Transport and Carpooling

Increasing mobility demands raise the pressure on existing transport networks. As the most used mode of transport, private cars have a particularly strong environmental impact and produce congestion. Ridesharing or carpooling, where a driver and several riders form a carpool, can help to address these issues by increasing the number of persons per car. Therefore, recent years have seen a strong interest in carpooling. However, there exists no effective method of integrating carpooling into transport trip planners as of now, mainly due to the fuzzy and flexible nature (e.g., no fixed stops, possibility of making detours) of carpooling. This hinders the acceptance of carpooling by the general public. This paper proposes a new method to merge public transport and carpooling networks for multimodal route planning, considering the fuzziness and flexibility brought by carpooling. It is based on the concept of drive-time areas and points of action. The evaluation with real-world data sets shows that, compared with the state-of-the-art method, the proposed method merges static (i.e., public transport) and dynamic/fuzzy (i.e., carpooling) networks better, while retaining the desired flexibility offered by the latter, and thus creates a higher interconnectivity between the networks. Meanwhile, the merged network enables multimodal route planning, which can provide users with trips from an origin to a destination using different combinations of modes.
de Haas-van Alphen Effect in Pyrolytic and Single-Crystal Graphite

The de Haas-van Alphen oscillations in the magnetic susceptibility of pyrolytic graphite (PG) have been observed for the first time and a comparison made with those of single-crystal graphite (SCG). These preliminary measurements were performed at temperatures between 1.2° and 4.2°K with fields, H 0, up to 55 kG applied along the c-axis. The usual beat pattern1 attributed to majority electron and hole carriers was found to be identical for PG and SCG between 1.5 and 20 kG. This equality between the PG and SCG frequencies, f M, and effective masses, m*, is significant in establishing the graphite band parameters, because the most complete band parameter determination2 has been made by combining magneto-reflection data in PG with Shubnikov-de Haas data on SCG.3 Low-temperature de Haas-van Alphen measurements also yield a comparison of the local order in PG with that in SCG. Furthermore, the oscillations of unusually low frequency discovered by Soule4 were confirmed by observation in both PG and SCG. The existence of such low f M oscillations is shown to be consistent with existing band structure calculations.
Development of a Laboratory Risk-Score Model to Predict One-Year Mortality in Acute Myocardial Infarction Survivors

The high post-discharge mortality rate of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) survivors is concerning, indicating a need for reliable, easy-to-use risk prediction tools. We aimed to examine if a combined pre-procedural blood testing risk model predicts one-year mortality in AMI survivors. Overall, 1355 consecutive AMI patients who received primary coronary revascularization were divided into derivation (n = 949) and validation (n = 406) cohorts. A risk-score model of parameters from pre-procedural routine blood testing on admission was generated. In the derivation cohort, multivariable analysis demonstrated that hemoglobin < 11 g/dL (odds ratio (OR) 4.01), estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (OR 3.75), albumin < 3.8 mg/dL (OR 3.37), and high-sensitivity troponin I > 2560 ng/L (OR 3.78) were significantly associated with one-year mortality after discharge. An increased risk score, assigned from 0 to 4 points according to the counts of selected variables, was significantly associated with higher one-year mortality in both cohorts (p < 0.001). Receiver-operating characteristics curve analyses of risk models demonstrated adequate discrimination between patients with and without one-year death (area under the curve (95% confidence interval) 0.850 (0.756–0.912) in the derivation cohort; 0.820 (0.664–0.913) in the validation cohort). Our laboratory risk-score model can be useful for predicting one-year mortality in AMI survivors.
Specific Role for GSK3α in Limiting Long-Term Potentiation in CA1 Pyramidal Neurons of Adult Mouse Hippocampus

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) mediates phosphorylation of several hundred proteins, and its aberrant activity is associated with an array of prevalent disorders. The two paralogs, GSK3α and GSK3β, are expressed ubiquitously and fulfill common as well as unique tasks throughout the body. In the CNS, it is established that GSK3 is involved in synaptic plasticity. However, the relative roles of GSK3 paralogs in synaptic plasticity remains controversial. Here, we used hippocampal slices obtained from adult mice to determine the role of each paralog in CA3−CA1 long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic transmission, a form of plasticity critically required in learning and memory. Conditional Camk2a Cre-driven neuronal deletion of the Gsk3a gene, but not Gsk3b, resulted in enhanced LTP. There were no changes in basal synaptic function in either of the paralog-specific knockouts, including several measures of presynaptic function. Therefore, GSK3α has a specific role in serving to limit LTP in adult CA1, a postsynaptic function that is not compensated by GSK3β.
Future Directions for Radial-Velocity Research

I review the status of ground-based radial-velocity searches for extrasolar planets and speculate about the new results that can be expected in this field over the coming years. Then I review the plans for astrometric space missions and speculate about the impact that these missions will have on ground-based radial-velocity work, citing the specific examples of extra-solar planet research, the mass-luminosity relation for M dwarfs and metal-poor stars, and Galactic structure and evolution.
An Improved Third-Order Generalized Integral Flux Observer for Sensorless Drive of PMSMs

Due to various nonideal factors, including integral initial value, parameter mismatches, converter nonlinearities, and detection errors, the estimated rotor flux by the conventional first-order integrator and low-pass filter suffers the dc offset and harmonics. Recently, a second-order generalized integral flux observer is proposed to reduce the dc and high-order components in the rotor flux. However, it has limited attenuation ability against the dc offset. This paper proposes an improved third-order generalized integral flux observer (TOGIFO). As shown by theoretical analysis, it can effectively eliminate the dc and high-order components in the estimated rotor flux without any negative effect on the amplitude and phase angle of the fundamental waveform. The rotor position and speed can then be extracted directly from the estimated rotor flux. The sensorless drive method based on TOGIFO is implemented and verified through comprehensive numerical simulation and experimental testing on a permanent magnet synchronous machine drive platform controlled by a TMS320F28335 digital signal processor.
Enhanced recovery after surgery protocols for outpatient operations in otolaryngology: Review of literature

Abstract Objective Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols are patient‐centered, evidence‐based pathways designed to reduce complications, promote recovery, and improve outcomes following surgery. These protocols have been successfully applied for the management of head and neck cancer, but relatively few studies have investigated the applicability of these pathways for other outpatient procedures in otolaryngology. Our goal was to perform a systematic review of available evidence reporting the utility of ERAS protocols for the management of patients undergoing outpatient otolaryngology operations. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and gray literature. We identified studies that evaluated ERAS protocols among patients undergoing otologic, laryngeal, nasal/sinus, pediatric, and general otolaryngology operations. We assessed the outcomes and ERAS components across protocols as well as the study design and limitations. Results A total of eight studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Types of procedures evaluated with ERAS protocols included tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy, functional endoscopic sinus surgery, tympanoplasty and mastoidectomy, and septoplasty. A reduction in postoperative length of stay and hospital costs was reported in two and three studies, respectively. Comparative studies between ERAS and control groups showed persistent improvement in pre‐ and postoperative anxiety and pain levels, without an increase in postoperative complications and readmission rates. Conclusions A limited number of studies discuss implementation of ERAS protocols for outpatient operations in otolaryngology. These clinical pathways appear promising for these procedures as they may reduce length of stay, decrease costs, and improve pain and anxiety postoperatively.
Orientación técnica: manejo y tratamiento de la infección por virus de la hepatitis B (VHB) Chile, 3 Edición. 2021

1Hepatológo, Clínica Alemana y Facultad de Medicina/Universidad del Desarrollo. Santiago, Chile. 2Hepatólogo, Hospital Salvador. Santiago, Chile. 3Hepatólogo, Clínica Universidad de Los Andes. Santiago, Chile. 4Hepatólogo, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Santiago, Chile. 5Pediatra infectóloga, Hospital Exequiel González Cortés. Santiago, Chile. 6Pediatra infectóloga, Hospital Barros Luco. Santiago, Chile. 7Pediatra infectóloga, Clínica Las Condes. Santiago, Chile. 8Infectólogo adultos, Hospital Exequiel González Cortés. Santiago, Chile. 9Infectólogo adultos, Universidad de Santiago. Santiago, Chile. 10Gastroenteróloga infantil, Hospital Luis Calvo Mackena, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile. Santiago, Chile. 11Enfermera, Coordinadora Ministerial, Referente Nacional Programa Hepatitis B y C, Departamento de Enfermedades transmisibles. Ministerio de Salud, Chile. Gastroenterol. latinoam 2021; Vol 32, No 2: 49-77
17β-Estradiol Treatment Improves Acetylcholine-Induced Relaxation of Mesenteric Arteries in Ovariectomized UC Davis Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rats in Prediabetic State

We recently reported sex differences in mesenteric arterial function of the UC Davis type-2 diabetes mellitus (UCD-T2DM) rats as early as the prediabetic state. We reported that mesenteric arteries (MA) from prediabetic male rats exhibited a greater impairment compared to that in prediabetic females. However, when females became diabetic, they exhibited a greater vascular dysfunction than males. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the female sex hormone, estrogen preserves mesenteric arterial vasorelaxation in UCD-T2DM female rats at an early prediabetic state. Age-matched female Sprague Dawley and prediabetic (PD) UCD-T2DM rats were ovariectomized (OVX) and subcutaneously implanted with either placebo or 17β-estradiol (E2, 1.5 mg) pellets for 45 days. We assessed the contribution of endothelium-derived relaxing factors (EDRF) to acetylcholine (ACh)-induced vasorelaxation, using pharmacological inhibitors. Responses to sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and phenylephrine (PE) were also measured. Additionally, metabolic parameters and expression of some targets associated with vascular and insulin signaling were determined. We demonstrated that the responses to ACh and SNP were severely impaired in the prediabetic state (PD OVX) rats, while E2 treatment restored vasorelaxation in the PD OVX + E2. Moreover, the responses to PE was significantly enhanced in MA of PD OVX groups, regardless of placebo or E2 treatment. Overall, our data suggest that 1) the impairment of ACh responses in PD OVX rats may, in part, result from the elevated contractile responses to PE, loss of contribution of endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH) to vasorelaxation, and a decreased sensitivity of MA to nitric oxide (NO), and 2) the basis for the protective effects of E2 may be partly attributed to the elevation of the NO contribution to vasorelaxation and its interaction with MA as well as potential improvement of insulin signaling. Here, we provide the first evidence of the role of E2 in protecting MA from early vascular dysfunction in prediabetic female rats.
Characterizing receptive vocabulary knowledge in minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder

iv CHAPTER 1.INTRODUCTION . 1 Variations in Minimally Verbal Definitions . 2 Nonverbal IQ . 8 Expressive Language . 9 Receptive Language . 10 Atypical Receptive/Expressive Gap . 13 Current Study . 15 CHAPTER 2. METHODS . 18 Participants . 18 Receptive Vocabulary Assessment . 19 Cognition. 20 Analysis Plan . 22 CHAPTER 3. RESULTS . 24 Semantic Categories. 24 Syntactic Class . 29 Nonverbal IQ . 31 CHAPTER 4. DISCUSSION . 35 Semantics . 35 Syntax . 37 Nonverbal IQ . 39 Clinical Implications . 40 Limitations . 41 Conclusion . 41 REFERENCES . 43 VITA . 47
The Role of Acetate Kinase in the Human Parasite Entamoeba histolytica

The human parasite Entamoeba histolytica, which causes approximately 100 million cases of amoebic dysentery each year, relies on glycolysis as the major source of ATP production from glucose as it lacks a citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Ethanol and acetate, the two major glycolytic end products for E. histolytica, are produced at a ratio of 2:1 under anaerobic conditions, creating an imbalance between NADH production and utilization. In this study we investigated the role of acetate kinase (ACK) in acetate production during glycolysis in E. histolytica metabolism. Analysis of intracellular and extracellular metabolites demonstrated that acetate levels were unaffected in an ACK RNAi cell line, but acetyl-CoA levels and the NAD+/NADH ratio were significantly elevated. Moreover, we demonstrated that glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase catalyzes the ACK-dependent conversion of acetaldehyde to acetyl phosphate in E. histolytica. We propose that ACK is not a major contributor to acetate production, but instead provides a mechanism for maintaining the NAD+/NADH balance during ethanol production in the extended glycolytic pathway.
Correlations Between the Metabolome and the Endophytic Fungal Metagenome Suggests Importance of Various Metabolite Classes in Community Assembly in Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana, Brassicaceae) Roots

The plant microbiome is an increasingly intensive research area, with significance in agriculture, general plant health, and production of bioactive natural products. Correlations between the fungal endophytic communities and plant chemistry can provide insight into these interactions, and suggest key contributors on both the chemical and fungal side. In this study, roots of various horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) accessions grown under the same conditions were sampled in two consecutive years and chemically characterized using a quality controlled, untargeted metabolomics approach by LC-ESI-MS/MS. Sinigrin, gluconasturtiin, glucoiberin, and glucobrassicin were also quantified. Thereafter, a subset of roots from eight accessions (n = 64) with considerable chemical variability was assessed for their endophytic fungal community, using an ITS2 amplicon-based metagenomic approach using a custom primer with high coverage on fungi, but no amplification of host internal transcribed spacer (ITS). A set of 335 chemical features, including putatively identified flavonoids, phospholipids, peptides, amino acid derivatives, indolic phytoalexins, a glucosinolate, and a glucosinolate downstream product was detected. Major taxa in horseradish roots belonged to Cantharellales, Glomerellales, Hypocreales, Pleosporales, Saccharomycetales, and Sordariales. Most abundant genera included typical endophytes such as Plectosphaerella, Thanatephorus, Podospora, Monosporascus, Exophiala, and Setophoma. A surprising dominance of single taxa was observed for many samples. In summary, 35.23% of reads of the plant endophytic fungal microbiome correlated with changes in the plant metabolome. While the concentration of flavonoid kaempferol glycosides positively correlated with the abundance of many fungal strains, many compounds showed negative correlations with fungi including indolic phytoalexins, a putative glucosinolate but not major glucosinolates and a glutathione isothiocyanate adduct. The latter is likely an in vivo glucosinolate decomposition product important in fungal arrest. Our results show the potency of the untargeted metabolomics approach in deciphering plant–microbe interactions and depicts a complex array of various metabolite classes in shaping the endophytic fungal community.
Genotoxicity Comparison between Morinda citrifolia Fruit and Seed Substances

This study aimed to evaluate the genotoxic potential of the fruit and seed powder, fruit puree, and aqueous extracts of Morinda citrifolia (Rubiaceae, noni). The genotoxic potential of the noni substances was evaluated using in vitro Ames, in vitro chromosomal aberration, and in vivo micronucleus tests. All test procedures were conducted per Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines, and good laboratory practice. None of the noni fruit test substances showed genotoxic signs up to 5000 and 2000 μg/plate in the Ames and micronucleus tests, respectively. In the chromosomal aberration test, neither the fruit puree nor aqueous extract showed structural and numerical aberrations up to 5000 and 4650 μg/mL, respectively, irrespective of metabolic activation, in both 6 h and 24 h treatment groups. The safe ranges of noni fruit and seed powders were up to 2500 and 2100 μg/mL, respectively, in the 6 h treatment group and up to 1600–4100 and 370–450 μg/mL, respectively, in both 6 h and 24 h treatment groups in the presence of metabolic activation. Noni fruit and seeds were safe in terms of genotoxicity under our experimental conditions. Our data are the first to provide valuable genotoxic information on Morinda citrifolia.
Lethality of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Surpasses Conventional Zinc Oxide via Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Damage and Calcium Overload: A Comparative Hepatotoxicity Study

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) with high bioavailability and excellent physicochemical properties are gradually becoming commonplace as a substitute for conventional ZnO materials. The present study aimed to investigate the hepatotoxicity mechanism of ZnO NPs and traditional non-nano ZnO particles, both in vivo and in vitro, and identify the differences in their toxic effects. The results showed that the extent and conditions of zinc ion release from ZnO NPs were inconsistent with those of ZnO. The RNA-seq results revealed that the expression quantity of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) affected by ZnO NPs was more than in ZnO, and the overall differences in genes or transcripts in the ZnO NPs group were more pronounced than in the ZnO group. Furthermore, the cell inactivation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and intracellular calcium overload induced by ZnO NPs were more serious than ZnO in HepG2 cells. Moreover, compared with traditional ZnO, the rat liver damage induced by ZnO NPs was more significant, with evidence of higher AST and ALT levels, weaker antioxidant capacity, and more serious histopathological damage (p < 0.05). In summary, the hepatotoxicity of ZnO NPs was more serious than that of conventional ZnO, which is helpful to understand the hepatotoxicity mechanism of Zn compounds in different states and improve the risk assessment of novel nano ZnO products in a variety of applications.
Analysis of Legal Attributes and Rights Attributes of Personal Information from the Perspective of Big Data

With the popularization and rapid development of Internet technology (IT), social activities based on the exchange of personal information are rapidly popularizing. Although the free flow of a huge volume of personal data meets the needs of information exchange, its illicit use poses legal risks to rights holders and infringes on the applicable rights and interests of the information subject. The ambiguity of the right attribute and legal attribute of personal information leads to the scattered protection of personal information in the legislative system in different legal norms. Based on this background, this paper constructs an evaluation index based on the legal attributes and rights attributes of personal information rights and proposes a rationality evaluation method for the attributes of personal information rights based on neural networks. The completed work is as follows: (1) focusing on the legal attributes and the right attribute is discussed in detail, and the dissimilar views of scholars at home and abroad are presented. (2) The back propagation neural network (BPNN) model structure required in this study is defined, and the evaluation index based on the legal attribute and right attribute of personal information right is produced. (3) Use big data technology to collect relevant data and compare the results obtained by the BPNN model with the results obtained by the improved BPNN model. The results show that the improved BPNN evaluate model has smaller error and higher accuracy.
Uma busca tabu aplicada ao problema de roteamento com restrições de empacotamento tridimensionais

This paper presents a Tabu Search algorithm to the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem with 3DLoading constraints (3L-CVRP). There are several approaches in the literature to solve the packing in two and three dimensions, as well as several others to solve the Vehicle Routing problem. However, approaching these two problems together has been explored only recently. We show how this problem can be solved efficiently by a Tabu Search approach. This method is an adaption of an algorithm already suggested in the literature. Computational experiments show that the proposed algorithm was able to find good quality solutions for the tested instances.
Impact of Activation, Optimization, and Regularization Methods on the Facial Expression Model Using CNN

When it comes to conveying sentiments and thoughts, facial expressions are quite effective. For human-computer collaboration, data-driven animation, and communication between humans and robots to be successful, the capacity to recognize emotional states in facial expressions must be developed and implemented. Recently published studies have found that deep learning is becoming increasingly popular in the field of image categorization. As a result, to resolve the problem of facial expression recognition (FER) using convolutional neural networks (CNN), increasingly substantial efforts have been made in recent years. Facial expressions may be acquired from databases like CK+ and JAFFE using this novel FER technique based on activations, optimizations, and regularization parameters. The model recognized emotions such as happiness, sadness, surprise, fear, anger, disgust, and neutrality. The performance of the model was evaluated using a variety of methodologies, including activation, optimization, and regularization, as well as other hyperparameters, as detailed in this study. In experiments, the FER technique may be used to recognize emotions with an Adam, Softmax, and Dropout Ratio of 0.1 to 0.2 when combined with other techniques. It also outperforms current FER techniques that rely on handcrafted features and only one channel, as well as has superior network performance compared to the present state-of-the-art techniques.