Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quanto incide il background migratorio sulle transizioni scolastiche?. Effetti primari e secondari sulla scelta della scuola secondaria superiore

This paper adds to the growing literature on primary and secondary effects of immigrant background on educational transitions by providing evidence on the Italian case. We analyze transitions to upper secondary education exploiting unique administrative data from the province of Trento in Northeast Italy and applying the method developed by Karlson and Holm (2011) to decompose logistic regression coefficients. Consistently with most empirical studies carried out in other Western countries, primary effects are found to play a major role in determining immigrant-native differences in educational transitions. Immigrant-native differences in academic track enrolment are largely accounted for by differences in prior performance. In addition to most studies, we focus not only on the academic but also on the vocational track. In relation to this specific transition, immigrant-background secondary effects are detected, with first-generation immigrants still a displaying significantly higher risk of enrolling in the vocational track even controlling for prior performance and social background.
A Review of Weather Forecasting Using Data Mining Techniques

: The vast dramatically changes occurs day by day in certain fields due to the development of advanced technology and nature one such among them is rainfall. The rainfall is the fragment of the agriculture and unable to understand the monsoon condition, predicating the crop yield and the soil fertility. Data mining is the techniques used to extract the knowledge from the set of data.This paper provides a survey of different data mining techniques being used in weather prediction or forecasting which helps the farmer for yield worthy productive and nourish the soil fertility such as artificial feed-forward
Work-related participation impairments and support needs of patients in a Swiss psychiatric university hospital

Objective To assess work-related participation impairments and support needs of adult patients in inpatient and day-care treatment at a Swiss psychiatric university hospital. Methodology Cross-sectional survey on a department-dependent cut-off date in May and June 2022 using a standardized structured interview. Results Data were available for 93 patients (response rate 59%), of which 51% (n = 47) stated that they had a job or training place. Patients in first hospitalization and with a job or training place were approached significantly more often. Regardless of age and first hospitalization, 76% of the patients expressed a need for support, of which 92% expressed interest in job coaching. A total of 54% of the patients stated that they had received support from the treatment team. Conclusion From the patients’ point of view, work and education were not addressed by the treatment team across the board and independently of patient characteristics. The need for support was insufficiently met. There is a considerable interest for support programs through job coaching, and this offers opportunities to promote the inclusion of patients in the regular labor market.
Keterampilan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi melalui Tugas Membaca: Studi Kasus pada Mahasiswa Desain Pembelajaran

Studi kasus ini melihat pengaruh pembelajaran berbasis tugas terhadap kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi (HOTS) mahasiswa pada tugas mata kuliah Desain Pembelajaran. Mahasiswa menyelesaikan tugas dalam bahasa Indonesia setelah mempelajari modul dalam bahasa Inggris atau dengan menerjemahkannya ke bahasa Indonesia. Empat puluh tujuh mahasiswa berpartisipasi dalam proses pembelajaran. Mahasiswa melakukan refleksi belajar setelah mengerjakan tugas untuk mengevaluasi HOTS. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran berbasis tugas memiliki dampak yang positif terhadap HOTS. Membaca secara ekstensif, dengan atau tanpa bantuan alat penerjemahan, dapat meningkatkan pemahaman. Tes objektif yang dirancang dengan baik memberikan evaluasi yang efektif terhadap pemahaman konsep. Refleksi menunjukkan tantangan yang dihadapi siswa dalam pembelajaran, menggarisbawahi pentingnya membaca komprehensif dan membaca berulang-ulang agar dapat berhasil menyelesaikan tugas. Penelitian ini memperkuat bukti bahwa pembelajaran berbasis tugas dapat meningkatkan HOTS, menunjukkan manfaat menyeluruh dari membaca komprehensif dan perlunya evaluasi yang dirancang dengan baik serta evaluasi diri.
Alginate and Collagen Composite for Hard Tissue Generation: A Mini Review

The bone regeneration process involves the formation of the regenerative cells, the cell proliferation to produce new tissue and subsequently will repair the fractured area. During regeneration process, the osteoblast cells will secrete several proteins, organic and inorganic components as the base components to form the bone tissues or known as matrix. However, some conditions such as bone tumor removal, massive bone loss injury, extensive infections at the bone, minerals deficiency resulting the failure of bone regeneration and lead to prolonged bone fracture. To overcome this, bone scaffold is implanted or encapsulated bioactive cells are applied at the damaged area to support the bone regeneration. The materials should be osteogenic, osteoconductive and have osteoinductive properties. Natural polymer such as alginate and collagen are often used as biomaterials due to their high biocompatibility, degradability, low toxicity and easy to form a crosslinker with other materials through various method process. Therefore, this review will highlight the properties of alginate and collagen, the fabrication method to form composite and its application in biomedical area.
Development of depression detection algorithm using text scripts of routine psychiatric interview

Background A psychiatric interview is one of the important procedures in diagnosing psychiatric disorders. Through this interview, psychiatrists listen to the patient’s medical history and major complaints, check their emotional state, and obtain clues for clinical diagnosis. Although there have been attempts to diagnose a specific mental disorder from a short doctor-patient conversation, there has been no attempt to classify the patient’s emotional state based on the text scripts from a formal interview of more than 30 min and use it to diagnose depression. This study aimed to utilize the existing machine learning algorithm in diagnosing depression using the transcripts of one-on-one interviews between psychiatrists and depressed patients. Methods Seventy-seven clinical patients [with depression (n = 60); without depression (n = 17)] with a prior psychiatric diagnosis history participated in this study. The study was conducted with 24 male and 53 female subjects with the mean age of 33.8 (± 3.0). Psychiatrists conducted a conversational interview with each patient that lasted at least 30 min. All interviews with the subjects between August 2021 and November 2022 were recorded and transcribed into text scripts, and a text emotion recognition module was used to indicate the subject’s representative emotions of each sentence. A machine learning algorithm discriminates patients with depression and those without depression based on text scripts. Results A machine learning model classified text scripts from depressive patients with non-depressive ones with an acceptable accuracy rate (AUC of 0.85). The distribution of emotions (surprise, fear, anger, love, sadness, disgust, neutral, and happiness) was significantly different between patients with depression and those without depression (p < 0.001), and the most contributing emotion in classifying the two groups was disgust (p < 0.001). Conclusion This is a qualitative and retrospective study to develop a tool to detect depression against patients without depression based on the text scripts of psychiatric interview, suggesting a novel and practical approach to understand the emotional characteristics of depression patients and to use them to detect the diagnosis of depression based on machine learning methods. This model could assist psychiatrists in clinical settings who conduct routine conversations with patients using text transcripts of the interviews.
Microbiological Quality Of Drinking Water In The Villages, Rehabilitation And Resettlement Colonies Located In The Area Of Major Dams Of Narmada Basin, India

Microbiological health risks are of major concern during construction of Dam reservoir. Therefore, d r i n k i n g w a t e r w a s e x a m i n e d f o r t h e presence/absence of Salmonella, Citrobactor, Escherichia and Vibrio species in the Indira Sagar/ Omkareshwar Project (ISP/OSP) affected areas and Rehabilitation/Resettlement (RR) colonies of Sardar Sarover Project (SSP) in Madhya Pradesh. V. cholerae and V. parahaemolytica were positive in 24 and 6 water samples respectively. Salmonella and Citrobactor species were found in 21water samples. Drinking water samples of most of the villages located at bank of Narmada River were positive with Vibrio species. While Salmonella and Citrobactor species were present in the drinking water of the nearby villages, Rehabilitation/Resettlement colonies and command areas of the river/ canal. Seasonal variation was also observed in the presence/absence of tested microbes in different survey. Thus, there may be the role of reservoir water in the groundwater microflora change in the nearby areas.
Anamnesis Of How India Dealt And Paved Entrepreneurial Opportunities During The Pandemic Covid-19

The Covid-19 proved to the world as a real pandemic affecting millions of people worldwide. India, the st second-most populous nation globally, also suffered severely from the disease covid-19. As of 31 of December 2020, India was investigated with 10,305,674 confirmed cases, and the death toll was 1,48,738. More than 20 thousand confirm cases from covid-19 were in December itself across the nation. Like other nations, India went through a different lockdown and unlocked rules and regulations, adversely affecting human life and the economy. People realised that human sustenance on limited means was never challenging, but then it had repercussions from economic aspects. Here, we attempt to discuss how India dealt and would probably deal with the significant financial and human life issues during and post covid-19. Additionally, how this pandemic proved to be a boon for some and created entrepreneurial opportunities for them. This paper is a glance at the update on India's Covid-19 vaccine and the massive inoculation drive 2021.
The Impact of Oakland's Proposed City Minimum Wage Law: A Prospective Study

Michael Reich is Professor of Economics and Director of the UC Berkeley Institute for Research on Labor and Employment; Ken Jacobs is the Chair of the UC Berkeley Center for Labor Research and Education; Annette Bernhardt is a visiting professor of sociology and visiting researcher, Institute for Research on Labor and Employment; Ian Perry is a researcher at the UC Berkeley Center for Labor Research and Education.
Genetically Engineered Macrophages Derived from iPSCs for Self-Regulating Delivery of Anti-Inflammatory Biologic Drugs

In rheumatoid arthritis, dysregulated cytokine signaling has been implicated as a primary factor in chronic inflammation. Many antirheumatic and biological therapies are used to suppress joint inflammation, but despite these advances, effectiveness is not universal, and delivery is often at high doses, which can predispose patients to significant off-target effects. During chronic inflammation, the inappropriate regulation of signaling factors by macrophages accelerates the progression of disease by driving an imbalance of inflammatory cytokines, making macrophages an ideal cellular target. To develop a macrophage-based therapy to treat chronic inflammation, we engineered a novel induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived macrophage capable of delivering soluble TNF receptor 1 (sTNFR1), an anti-inflammatory biologic inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), in an autoregulated manner in response to TNF-α. Murine iPSCs were differentiated into macrophages (iMACs) over a 17-day optimized protocol with continued successful differentiation confirmed at key timepoints. Varying inflammatory and immunomodulatory stimuli demonstrated traditional macrophage function and phenotypes. In response to TNF-α, therapeutic iMACs produced high levels of sTNFR1 in an autoregulated manner, which inhibited inflammatory signaling. This self-regulating iMAC system demonstrated the potential for macrophage-based drug delivery as a novel therapeutic approach for a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases.
Coconut production in the Philippines : problems and prospects

Les Philippines sont le deuxieme producteur mondial de noix de coco, mais de nombreux problemes affectent la cocoteraie et le declin de la production se poursuit. Les principales causes en sont: la senilite des arbres, l'utilisation de terres inadaptees a cette culture, un mauvais etat nutritionnel, des techniques de recolte et postrecolte mediocres, l'abattage des jeunes cocotiers et la secheresse due a une deforestation intense. Pour prevenir cette baisse, des mesures sont preconisees concernant le choix de varietes et d'hybrides performants, la fertilisation, l'utilisation de plantes de couverture et la lutte contre la secheresse (techniques culturales, amenagement des terres, irrigation). Pour le programme de rehabilitation de la cocoteraie, le gouvernement, par des incitations financieres, compte beaucoup sur le developpement de petites plantations sous forme d'organisations de planteurs, elargies aux cultures associees.
The Quality of Buffalo Sperm in Tris Egg Yolk Diluent with Addition of Different Levels of Mangosteen Peel Extract

This study aimed to determine the quality of buffalo sperm in tris egg yolk diluent added with mangosteen peel extract at different levels. This study was conducted using an experimental method using a completely randomized design consisting of four treatment concentrations of mangosteen peel extract (T1: 0%, T2: 5%, T3: 10%, and T4: 15%) and four replications, respectively. Parameters observed were motility, abnormalities, intact plasma membrane, and acrosome intact. In the results, the addition of mangosteen peel extract had a significant effect (p > 0.05) on the motility of buffalo sperm that had been diluted in egg yolk tris diluent. This study concluded that the addition of 5–10% mangosteen peel extract in egg yolk tris diluent has a significant effect on sperm motility, could minimize the abnormality, and minimize the decrease in the intact plasma membrane of the buffalo sperm.
Effect of Climate Warming on Spatial Pattern and Temporal Change of Precipitation in Typical Steppe

Based on the researching on the relationship of climate warming and spatial pattern and temporal change of precipitation in typical steppe,the possible consequences of global change were forecasted,a theoretical basis was provided for the healthy ecosystem services.Based on record of air temperature in Abagaqi and Xilinhot City and 16 meteorological stations precipitation data in Xilin Gol League from 1971 to 2000,on the support of GIS technology,the effects of climate warming on spatial pattern and temporal change of precipitation in typical steppe were analyzed.The following preliminary conclusions were obtained: the spatial pattern and temporal change of precipitation was consistent with global warming trends,particularly the temperature warming trend was strong in the 1990s.In the background of global warming and the effect of the East Asian monsoon,the rainfall reduced from southeast to northwest in the study area.Effect of climate warming wasn't in evidence on spatial pattern and temporal change of precipitation in typical steppe,because the rainfall was anomalous in time and space over the past 30 years.
Solid Waste Management in Luang Prabang Capital Lao PDR

Effective solid waste management is necessary to prevent the spread of diseases and to maintain a clean and healthy living environment. Additionally, proper waste management practices can help reduce pollution and protect the local ecosystem. Therefore, this study emphasizes two main objectives: a) To investigate the current state of solid waste management (SWM) in the capital city of Luang Prabang. b) The satisfaction and needs of people regarding solid waste management (SWM) in the Luang Prabang. The study analysed both qualitative and quantitative data to assess the current state of SWM and the satisfaction and needs of the people. The study identifies several challenges in SWM, including lack of funding, low awareness and poor waste collection and disposal practices. A study was conducted in Luang Prabang, Laos to investigate the satisfaction and needs of people regarding solid waste management (SWM). The study found that the satisfaction level of people regarding the quality of service in managing and disposing of urban waste in the city of Prabang is moderate. The study also found that the needs of the people in terms of service quality in the management and disposal of waste at the urban service office in Prabang have many requirements compared to the current situation. The study’s findings can be used to develop a plan to improve the SWM system in Luang Prabang and meet the needs of the people. The majority of respondents were satisfied with the physical aspects and level of care and attention provided by the SWM system, but not with its performance. The majority of respondents expressed the need for improvements to the SWM system, such as the need for more waste sorting bins and the need for more waste collection staff. In addition, this study found that people in different areas have different levels of satisfaction with the service. Those who are aware of the waste problem are more satisfied with the service than those who are not aware of the problem.
Tenecteplase for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke in the extended time window: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Outcome data regarding the administration of tenecteplase (TNK) to acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients presenting in the extended time window are limited. Objectives: We aimed to assess the current evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of TNK at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg for AIS treatment in the extended time window. Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted including all available randomized-controlled clinical trials (RCTs) that compared TNK 0.25 mg/kg versus no thrombolysis in AIS patients presenting in the extended time window (>4.5 h after last-seen-well or witnessed onset). Data sources and methods: Eligible studies were identified by searching Medline, Scopus, and international conference abstracts. The predefined efficacy outcomes of interest were 3-month excellent functional outcome [defined as the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score ⩽1; primary outcome], 3-month good functional outcome (mRS ⩽ 2), 3-month reduced disability (⩾1-point reduction across all mRS scores). We determined symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), any ICH and 3-month mortality as safety endpoints. A random-effects model was used to calculate risk ratios (RRs) and common odds ratios (cORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Three RCTs were included comprising 556 patients treated with TNK versus 560 controls. TNK 0.25 mg/kg was associated with a higher likelihood of 3-month excellent functional outcome compared to controls (RR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.01–1.36; I2 = 0%), whereas there was no difference regarding good functional outcome (RR = 1.05; 95% CI = 0.94–1.17; I2 = 0%) and reduced disability (adjusted cOR = 1.14; 95% CI = 0.92–1.40; I2 = 0%) at 3 months. The risks of sICH (RR = 1.67; 95% CI = 0.70–4.00; I2 = 0%), any ICH (RR = 1.08; 95% CI = 0.90–1.29; I2 = 0%) and 3-month mortality (RR = 1.10; 95% CI = 0.81–1.49; I2 = 0%) were similar between the groups. Conclusion: Based on data from three RCTs showing increased efficacy and a favorable safety profile of TNK in the treatment of AIS in the extended time window, continuing efforts of ongoing RCTs in the field are clearly supported. Trial registration: PROSPERO registration ID: CRD42023448707.
Host–gut microbiota interactions during pregnancy

Abstract Mammalian pregnancy is characterized by a well-known suite of physiological changes that support fetal growth and development, thereby positively affecting both maternal and offspring fitness. However, mothers also experience trade-offs between current and future maternal reproductive success, and maternal responses to these trade-offs can result in mother–offspring fitness conflicts. Knowledge of the mechanisms through which these trade-offs operate, as well as the contexts in which they operate, is critical for understanding the evolution of reproduction. Historically, hormonal changes during pregnancy have been thought to play a pivotal role in these conflicts since they directly and indirectly influence maternal metabolism, immunity, fetal growth and other aspects of offspring development. However, recent research suggests that gut microbiota may also play an important role. Here, we create a foundation for exploring this role by constructing a mechanistic model linking changes in maternal hormones, immunity and metabolism during pregnancy to changes in the gut microbiota. We posit that marked changes in hormones alter maternal gut microbiome composition and function both directly and indirectly via impacts on the immune system. The gut microbiota then feeds back to influence maternal immunity and metabolism. We posit that these dynamics are likely to be involved in mediating maternal and offspring fitness as well as trade-offs in different aspects of maternal and offspring health and fitness during pregnancy. We also predict that the interactions we describe are likely to vary across populations in response to maternal environments. Moving forward, empirical studies that combine microbial functional data and maternal physiological data with health and fitness outcomes for both mothers and infants will allow us to test the evolutionary and fitness implications of the gestational microbiota, enriching our understanding of the ecology and evolution of reproductive physiology.
Stable Isotopic Analysis on Human Bones of the Lamadong Site,Beipiao,Liaoning Province

The Lamadong site is a large necropolis belonging to Sanyan Culture in North China,which dates to the Western and Eastern Jin dynasties(265AD—420AD). In this research,we used carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes to explore the palaeodiet and get to know the living style of the people of this site.A broard perspective of this study was to examine the historic relationship between the Sanyan and Han cultures.The contents of carbon,nitrogen,and the ratio of carbone/nitrogen of 20 human bones from this site indicated that all samples were uncontaminated,which is an important criteria for palaeodiet analysis.The values of δ~13C and δ~15N of the collagen showed that these ancestors mainly relied on C4 plants and were essentially vegetarians.We interpret this result with the advent of agriculture.It is noted that the lifestyle of Xianbei was strongly influenced by the Han culture at the Lamadong site,since they were changing from a nomadic phase to a settled farming phase.We also carried out t-test statistical analysis on different genders,and found there were no distinct sexual differences in their diet.Sample BLM63 and BLM99 have comparative higher values of δ~15N,indicating that some meat was included in their diet.