Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) Treatment and Our Challenges in Bangladesh

Copyright: © 2021 by author(s). This is an open access article published under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited, is not changed in any way and it is not used for commercial purposes. http:// creativecommons.org/licenses /by/4.0/
Filling the gaps: Cognitive control as a critical lens for understanding mechanisms of value-based decision-making

While often seeming to investigate rather different problems, research into value-based decision making and cognitive control have historically offered parallel insights into how people select thoughts and actions. While the former studies how people weigh costs and benefits to make a decision, the latter studies how they adjust information processing to achieve their goals. Recent work has highlighted ways in which decision-making research can inform our understanding of cognitive control. Here, we provide the complementary perspective: how cognitive control research has informed understanding of decision-making. We highlight three particular areas of research where this critical interchange has occurred: (1) how different types of goals shape the evaluation of choice options, (2) how people use control to adjust how they make their decisions, and (3) how people monitor decisions to inform adjustments to control at multiple levels and timescales. We show how adopting this alternate viewpoint offers new insight into the determinants of both decisions and control; provides alternative interpretations for common neuroeconomic findings; and generates fruitful directions for future research.
Deriving column-integrated thermospheric temperature with the N2 Lyman–Birge–Hopfield (2,0) band

Abstract. This paper presents a new technique to derive thermospheric temperature from space-based disk observations of far ultraviolet airglow. The technique, guided by findings from principal component analysis of synthetic daytime LBH disk emissions, uses a ratio of the emissions in two spectral channels that together span the Lyman–Birge–Hopfield (LBH) (2,0) band to determine the change in band shape with respect to a change in the rotational temperature of N2. The benefits of the two-channel ratio approach include an elimination of representativeness error as absolute LBH intensities are not required in the derivation procedure and a reduced impact of systematic measurement error caused by variations in the instrumental performance across the LBH band system as a fully resolved system is also not required. It is shown that the derived temperature should, in general, be interpreted as a column-integrated property as opposed to a temperature at a specified altitude without utilization of a priori information of the thermospheric temperature profile. The two-channel ratio approach is demonstrated using NASA GOLD Level 1C disk emission data for the period of 2–8 November 2018 during which a small geomagnetic storm has occurred. Due to the lack of independent thermospheric temperature observations, the efficacy of the approach is validated through comparisons of the column-integrated temperature derived from GOLD Level 1C data with version 2 of the GOLD Level 2 temperature product as well as temperatures from first principle and empirical models. The storm-time thermospheric response manifested in the column-integrated temperature is also shown to corroborate well with hemispherically integrated Joule heating rates, ESA SWARM mass density at 460 km, and GOLD Level 2 column O / N2 ratio.
Foam Rubber Pica and Cautopyreiophagia in a Highly Educated Woman: A Clinical Case Study

Pica, the developmentally and culturally-inappropriate eating of non-nutritive and non-food substances, is most often documented in people with developmental disabilities and children, frequently in institutional and residential settings. To date, there are no randomized clinical trials on pica-specific treatments, and very little literature is available regarding the characteristics or treatment of pica in adults with no intellectual or social deficits, and co-morbid disorders. This case study addresses this gap, and involves a highly educated 30 year-old American woman with foam rubber pica and burned match consumption (cautopyreiophagia) behaviors, along with co-morbid depressive, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, who received treatment in a general intensive outpatient program for adults in a large urban community psychiatry setting. The case study describes how the Biosocial Theory and Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change were used to conceptualize this woman’s symptoms and guide a treatment team of clinicians who did not specialize in pica. Providers in non-specialty clinic settings would benefit from reflecting on ways to adapt evidence-based techniques to the treatment of uncommon symptoms.
Aerosols from anthropogenic and biogenic sources and their interactions – modeling aerosol formation, optical properties, and impacts over the central Amazon basin

Abstract. The Green Ocean Amazon experiment – GoAmazon 2014–2015 – explored the interactions between natural biogenic forest emissions from central Amazonia and urban air pollution from Manaus. Previous GoAmazon 2014–2015 studies showed that nitrogen oxide (NO x = NO + NO 2 ) and sulfur oxide (SO x ) emissions from Manaus strongly interact with biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), affecting secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. In previous studies, ground-based and aircraft measurements provided evidence of SOA formation and strong changes in aerosol composition and properties. Aerosol optical properties also evolve, and their impacts on the Amazonian ecosystem can be significant. As particles age, some processes, such as SOA production, black carbon (BC) deposition, particle growth and the BC lensing effect change the aerosol optical properties, affecting the solar radiation flux at the surface. This study analyzes data and models SOA formation using the Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model to assess the spatial variability in aerosol optical properties as the Manaus plumes interact with the natural atmosphere. The following aerosol optical properties are investigated: single scattering albedo (SSA), asymmetry parameter ( gaer ), absorption Angstrom exponent (AAE) and scattering Angstrom exponent (SAE). These simulations were validated using ground-based measurements at three experimental sites, namely the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory – ATTO (T0a), downtown Manaus (T1), Tiwa Hotel (T2) and Manacapuru (T3), as well as the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Gulfstream 1 (G-1) aircraft flights. WRF-Chem simulations were performed over 7 d during March 2014. Results show a mean biogenic SOA (BSOA) mass enrichment of 512 % at the T1 site, 450 % in regions downwind of Manaus, such as the T3 site, and 850 % in areas north of the T3 site in simulations with anthropogenic emissions. The SOA formation is rather fast, with about 80 % of the SOA mass produced in 3–4 h. Comparing the plume from simulations with and without anthropogenic emissions, SSA shows a downwind reduction of approximately 10 %, 11 % and 6 % at the T1, T2 and T3 sites, respectively. Other regions, such as those further downwind of the T3 site, are also affected. The gaer values increased from 0.62 to 0.74 at the T1 site and from 0.67 to 0.72 at the T3 site when anthropogenic emissions are active. During the Manaus plume-aging process, a plume tracking analysis shows an increase in SSA from 0.91 close to Manaus to 0.98 160 km downwind of Manaus as a result of SOA production and BC deposition.
A literature review exploring the mental health issues in academy football players following career termination due to deselection or injury and how counselling could support future players

The aim of this literature review was to show the mental health impact to academy football players after career termination due to deselection or injury. The review will also broaden to look at research around career termination in other sports. The place where this type of support could be implemented is within football clubs, before, during and post- deselection or career termination for injured players. Previous research on this subject has relied on player case studies and questionnaires, and this has been unable to provide any substitutional evidence that deselected players are been given appropriate support. This is fundamentally destructive for players considering the high percentage of them being released (99% being released before their scholarship and 85% afterwards). This review looks at the limited research that has been published over the last few years to gain a better understanding of how this serious issue is overlooked. It focuses on what support is currently available and provides evidence to show how professional associations such as the PFA (Professional Football Association) and the LFE (League Football Education) treat deselected football players. The findings indicate that while the Elite Player Performance Plan supports players through education and by funding better facilities for clubs, the model bypasses emotional and psychological support for players before, during and after deselection, leaving an opening for the introduction of counselling services to support the players through this transition.
Evaluation of antibacterial activity of extract and essential oil of Tagetes patula L. in vitro against Ralstonia solanacearum biovar 2

Abstract This work aims to assess the in-vitro antimicrobial activity of the essential oil and hydroalcoholic extract of Tagetes patula against Ralstonia solanacearum the causal of potato wilt disease. Providing necessary information on the antimicrobial activity of the extract and essential oil on this phytopathogen, also contributing to knowledge in the phytopathology area. The antimicrobial activity was carried out through dilution both liquid medium and agar (perforation in well) at different concentrations. The content of flavonoids, polysaccharides, tannins and phenols present in the extract was quantified, and the oil was characterized through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The majority compound identified in the oil were piperitone (42.95%) and the extract mostly had polysaccharides (1.54 ± 0.18 mg EG/g DE). Both registered a minimum inhibitory concentration bacteriostatic of 50 μg/mL and the half maximal effective concentrations were 306 μg/mL (oil) and 352 μg/mL (extract). The oil had better yield through the dilution method in liquid medium at concentration of 500 μg/mL, and the hydroalcoholic extract had better bactericide yield of 200 μg/mL. It was concluded that the essential oil and hydroalcoholic extract with further applied studies could be a viable and environmentally friendly alternative to control R. solanacearum.
Rôle de la protéine liant l'ARN, IMP-2 (Insulin-like Growth factor II mRNA-binding-Protein 2) au cours de la myogenèse normale

Le maintien de l’equilibre entre proliferation et differenciation est assure par la regulation de l’expression de genes qui sont impliques dans la differenciation ou la proliferation cellulaire, ou qui gouvernent le passage d’une voie a l’autre. Une alteration de cet equilibre peut ainsi conduire a des situations pathologiques majeures comme la formation de tumeurs. Ainsi les cellules cancereuses proliferent de manieres incontrolees et echappent au programme de differenciation cellulaire. IMP-2 est une proteine retrouvee surexprimee dans les rhabdomyosarcomes, cellules cancereuses issues de precurseurs myogeniques, et exprimee au cours du developpement embryonnaire. Pourtant, aucune etude ne s’etait encore penchee sur son role au cours la myogenese normale, par opposition aux rhabdomyosarcomes. Nous pensons que la comprehension des mecanismes lies a la voie IMP-2 normale, pourrait aider a mieux comprendre pourquoi ces proteines sont retrouvees surexprimees dans les rhadbomyosarcomes. Nous avons demontre qu’IMP-2 interagit avec un grand nombre d’ARNm, et la plupart de ces interactions ont ete infirmees ou confirmees par la presence dans le complexe proteique d’IMP-2 de ces ARNm. Nous avons aussi pu demontrer qu’IMP- 2 fait partie de complexes proteiques impliques dans l’epissage, la traduction, ou encore le transport des ARN. Meme si l’inhibition d’IMP-2 semble provoquer des remaniements morphologiques visibles sur les lignees de myoblastes de souris (C2C12), son role au sein de la cellule n’est pas encore clair. Il parait evident qu’IMP-2 a un role au cours de la myogenese, meme si nous n’avons pas pu determiner un role precis. Ses differents partenaires interagissent avec IMP-2 dans differents sous complexes ayant certainement des roles distincts et agissant chacun sur des ARN differents.
Art in Education – Treasures Within and Treasures Between Us

This special issue of Nordic Journal of Arts and Research is a collection of articles based on selected papers presented at the conference Art in Education held at Oslo Metropolitan university in august 2019. Our goal with the conference was to create a widely based international venue for exploring the many ways in which art becomes meaningful and powerful through ways of teaching and arts promotion. A key intention was to include both artists, academics and teachers and to stimulate encounters that cross conventional disciplinary barriers. The two partners organizing the conference were Kulturtanken: Arts for Young Audiences Norway, and the Faculty of Education at Oslo Metropolitan University. The mobilisation of both the artistic and scholarly networks of these two organizations laid the grounds for three days of stimulating interaction, art experiences and discussions
Development of GUI for Detetection of Eye Disorders in Infants

Strabismus is one of the most common vision diseases in which the eyes do not properly align with each other when looking at an object. The condition may be present occasionally or constantly and if it is present during a large part of childhood, it may result in amblyopia or loss of depth perception. In contrast to manual diagnosis, automatic recognition can significantly reduce labor cost and increase diagnosis efficiency. In this paper, we propose to detect ICD-10-CM Code H50.9 unspecified strabismus using CNN and Image Processing techniques. There are four types of strabismus namely exotropia, esotropia, hypertropia and hypotropia which we aim to detect. We furthermore aim to introduce a GUI particularly into pediatric ophthalmology where obtaining relevant diagnostic information is taxing. Keywords—International Classification of Diseases (ICD), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Python Imaging Library (PIL), Support Vector Machine (SVM)
Microvirga Jeongseonensis Sp. Nov., New Species Isolated From Soil in South Korea

A novel Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, convex, and light pink-colored strain BT688 T was isolated from a soil sample collected in Jeongseon city, South Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain BT688 T belongs to a distinct lineage within the genus Microvirga (family Methylobacteriaceae, order Rhizobiales, class Alpha Proteobacteria, phylum Proteobacteria). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain BT688 T and Microvirga aerilata 5420S-16 T was 98.5%. Strain BT688 T had Q-10 as a major respiratory quinone and the major polar lipids of strain BT688 T was diphosphatidilglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphatidylcholine (PC). The major cellular fatty acids of strain BT688 T were C 18:1 ω7c (76.0%) and summed feature 3 (9.6%). Based on the polyphasic characteristics, strain BT688 T can be suggested as a novel bacterial species within the genus Microvirga and the proposed name is Microvirga jeongseonensis. The type strain of Microvirga jeongseonensis is BT688 T (= KCTC XXXX T =NBRC 114857 T ).
Chromium (VI) Adsorption Study Using Bio-Adsorbent Material Derived from Tamarind-Seed Testa

In this research, the chromium (VI) adsorption in potassium chromate (K2CrO4) and potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was studied with the low-cost adsorbent derived from sweet tamarind seeds obtained from the food processing industry in Thailand. The tamarind-seed testa was prepared by decoloring the tamarind-seed husks in boiling water and 1% NaOH solution followed by bleaching in H2O2 solution. The major components found in the tamarind-seed testa were alkali hydrolysable, low molecular-weight carbohydrates. The study found that the adsorbent material derived from tamarind–seed testa could well adsorb chromium ions in both chromium compound solutions at pH 2. The adsorption took place rapidly within the first 4 hours and then gradually declined until reaching adsorption equilibrium in 12 hours. Adsorption of chromium (VI) from potassium chromate solution was superior to that from potassium dichromate. Chromium adsorption at pH 2 fitted well with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The adsorption mechanism in both solutions was a monolayer chemical adsorption rather than multilayer physical adsorption. The adsorbent could almost completely remove chromium in potassium chromate (90% removal) while it could remove 57% chromium from potassium dichromate solution when the initial chromium concentration of 100 mg/l was employed.
The Process The Formation of The Collective Leadership on The Corruption Eradication Commission

This article was written based on the findings of research that examines the process of formation of collective leadership implemented by the Corruption Eradication Commission (Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi: KPK) in Indonesia during its inception in 2003 until the end of the leadership of Abraham Samad 2015. The results of the study indicate that the KPK's collective leadership was gradually formed through several stages can be identified in 3 development cycles. The first stage is a pioneering cycle that requires prerequisites for the formation of collective leadership in order to operate the leadership mechanism in the KPK's organizational structure. Second, the critical cycle, namely the operational trials of collective leadership that have the opportunity to succeed or fail. This cycle is characterized by collaboration between structures in the collective decision making process. Third, the operational stabilization cycle, is a stage of development that leads to the cohesiveness of KPK members and results in superior level of performance.
Endometriosis and endometriosis associated ovarian cancer

Endometriosis is defined by the presence of endometrial tissues outside of the endometrial cavity. It is a benign condition and even though it’s pathogenesis is not yet fully understood different theories, such as the Coelomic theory and the theory of Mullerian rest, have been proposed as possible explanations for the development of this pathology. Evidence suggests that women diagnosed with endometriosis presents an increased risk for developing ovarian cancers. Therefore, this review will explore the pathogensis of endometriosis, explore its association with the development of ovarian cancers and identify treatment methods for managing lesions following malignant transformation.
Ameliorative effect of taurine against diabetes and renal-associated disorders (Review)

To develop novel therapeutic methods for both diabetic and renal disorders, scientists had initially focused on elucidating the molecular mechanisms of taurine in established cell lines and mouse models. Although a large amount of data have been revealed, taurine has been confirmed to be the next step of novel promising therapeutic interventions against diabetic disorders. Taurine appears to ameliorate diabetes 1-related complications in various organs through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-hormonal actions. In type 2 diabetes, taurine has been positively implicated in glucose homeostasis, exerting potent hypoglycemic, anti-obesity, hypotensive and hypolipidemic effects. Of particular interest is that taurine provides protection against renal dysfunction, including hypertension and proteinuria, specific glomerular and tubular disorders, acute and chronic renal conditions, and diabetic nephropathy. The ameliorative effects of taurine against renal disorders are based on its osmoregulatory properties, its association with signaling pathways and its association with the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Further clinical studies are required to ensure the importance of research findings.
PLASMAPHERESIS IN THE TREATMENT OF MYASTHENIA GRAVIS: OUTCOME AND COMPLICATIONS

Objective: To assess the outcome and complications of plasmapharesis in treatment of myasthenia gravis and factors linked to poor outcome at hematology unit of a tertiary care teaching hospital of Pakistan Study Design: Prospective comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: Pak Emirates Military Hospital/Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, from Jan 2018 to Jul 2019. Methodology: A prospective study was conducted on patients of myasthenia gravis presented at our neurology department. All the complications of the procedure were recorded. Outcomes included recovery, shifting to intensive care unit and death. Pearson chi-square was applied to relate the factors with presence of complications or poor outcome. Results: Hypotension 3 (6%) was the commonest complication faced by the patients followed by chest discomfort 2 (4%) during or after the plasmapharesis. Out of 50 patients, 47 (94%) recovered, 8 (16%) had minor complications, 2 (4%) were shifted to the intensive care unit and 1 (2%) died. Long duration of time between onset of symptoms and first session of plasmapharesis had a significant relationship (p-value <0.05) with presence of complications or poor outcome among the patients of myasthenia gravis undergoing plasmapharesis. Conclusion: Plasmapharesis emerged as effective treatment for this immune based neurological disorder with limited side effects. A neurologist should be aware of these common minor and rare major side effects and pay special attention to the patients with generalized myasthenia gravis and those with long duration of time between onset of symptoms and first session of plasmapharesis.Keywords: ,.
A Review Of Various Protection Schemes Of Power Transformers

The power transformer is an electrical equipment that needs continuous monitoring and fast protection since it is very expensive and essential element for power system to perform effectively. Various methods for the protection are available. Most of the methods should be known for the protection of the transformer before practically protecting the same. Here a review is presented for various methods available for the protection of transformer. The most common protection technique used is the percentage differential logic, which provides discrimination between different operating conditions and internal fault. Some condition as, inrush current and CT saturation can cause mis-operation of differential protection. Few methods to solve this problem are also reviewed. Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) of power transformer is an investigative tool to monitor its health and to detect failures by recognizing anomalous patterns of DGA concentrations is also discussed. Some additional methods for transformer protection are also reviewed, as thermography method. Finally, a conclusion on different methods available for better performance is presented.