Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trust, capabilities, confidence and basic income

Had John Lennon and Paul McCartney been sociologists, the title of their most famous and most referenced article might have been ‘All You Need Is Trust’. Indeed, trust is something we need in everyday life. We could not interact with others in any positive or productive manner if we did not trust them; similarly, without trust, we could not properly interact with public institutions and authorities. Mutual trust is a prerequisite for any sustainable social organization. Societies with low levels of generalised trust in fellow citizens and institutions inevitably struggle with political instability and corruption; hence, when reforming social institutions and experimenting with new social policy models, the emphasis should be placed on how to increase and maintain trust and, in a Putnamian sense, get people ‘to bowl together’ (Putnam, 2000). The academic literature has typically separated trust into two distinct forms: trust in one’s fellow citizens, also called generalised trust, and trust in institutions. Whether people trust institutions, or other people for that matter, has an effect on the functioning of society (Fukuyama, 1995, 2011; Stiglitz et al., 2018); thus, the importance of trust should not be ignored when assessing the functioning of existing national institutions or the pursuit of new policies. According to the Cambridge Dictionary, ‘trust’ is the belief that the other person is good and honest and will not cause harm, or that something is safe and reliable, while ‘confidence’ refers to the quality of being certain of one’s own abilities and plans for the future. For the purposes of our analysis, we define confidence as one’s reliance on oneself and one’s perceived ability to cope, meet future challenges, and be an influential actor in one’s own life. Even in the scientific literature, the concepts of trust and confidence are frequently used interchangeably. However, from a sociological perspective, it is useful to distinguish between the two. While they are interwoven and
“It’s Better Saying I Look Fat Instead of Saying You Look Fat”: A Qualitative Study of U.K. Adolescents’ Understanding of Appearance-Related Interactions on Social Media

Appearance-related interactions with peers, both positive and negative, are commonplace on social media. Using qualitative methods, this study explores U.K. adolescents’ shared understandings and experiences of these interactions. Sixty-four adolescents ( Age M = 12.56; SD = 0.97; Girls = 33) from a secondary school in Northern England participated in semi-structured focus groups. Using thematic analysis, three themes were developed that encapsulate their shared understandings of appearance-related interactions: (a) positive appearance commentary is the norm, especially if you are popular and attractive; (b) comments to others should be positive, but comments about the self should be modest and self-deprecating; and (c) negative appearance comments are problematic but not always intentionally harmful. Overall, our findings suggest that, to adolescents, the boundaries between positive and negative interactions are blurred, as content, intention, gender, and social rules intersect with social media platform design. Further research is needed to better understand how social media site design alters adolescents’ appearance interactions, as well as the role of these interactions in the development and maintenance of peer relationships and body image concerns.
PÓS-MODERNIDADE E PASTICHE EM “A CASA QUE JACK CONSTRUIU"

O presente artigo tem como objetivo a investigação do modelo de produção artística da pós-modernidade - interartística, auto reflexiva e fragmentada. Para tanto, o filme A casa que Jack Construiu (2018), de Lars von Trier, será utilizado. O filme de Trier apresenta os relatos de um serial killer cujas pretensões artísticas se delineiam como espécie de ensaio sobre as relações entre a performance estética e o mal, radicando no solo árido da contemporaneidade ecos corrompidos das antigas ambições do gênio romântico. Pretende-se, para tal, investigar o modo pelo qual o filme opera, de maneira consciente, o pastiche da estética do sublime, a partir da apropriação das referências da alta cultura artística e literária, evocada por meio de um processo de bricolagem, em que a distorção se imprime como atestado da angústia criativa na contemporaneidade.
Evaluation of Corneal Stromal Demarcation Line Depth in Epithelium-Off Standard, Epithelium-Off Accelerated and Transepithelial Cross-Linking in Keratectasia

Background: Corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) has been increased to moderate and halt the development of keratoconus and LASIK ectasia as a viable method. This research is intended to research the corneal current demarcation line (DL) and to compare the depth of the Corneal Strom Demarcation Line utilising anterior segment epithelial, epithelial, accelerated, and transepithelial interconnection (AS-OCT). Methods: Methods: 24 Eyes that match the criteria for inclusion of Cross-Linking patients split evenly into three interventions throughout the last 6 months were included in this research. Topcon 3D spectral domain OCT 2000 was used to measure the demarcation line depth. Outcomes: The DL depth indicated an overall significant difference in the conventional epi-off group (340 microns) across analysed groups, which is much greater than the accelerated epi-off (267 microns) and the accelerated epi-on (190 microns). In the accelerated epi-off it was also much greater than the accelerated epi-on. Conclusion: stromal demarcation line revealed a larger depth in the standard epidemic than rapid epidemic, which depth is higher than that of transepithelial cross-linking, meaning that standard epidema, accelerated epidemic and transepitude techniques are used to determine a larger depth of treatment.
Development banks as instruments of Brazilian strategic diplomacy

Abstract The article considers whether Brazil’s foreign policies aimed at reforming the global governance architecture for development finance can be considered the application of ‘strategic diplomacy’, and assesses the conditions for and limitations of implementing strategic diplomacy in new democracies. To do so, the analysis focuses on the Workers’ Party (PT) governments’ policies and actions related to national and multilateral development banks. It examines whether the Brazilian National Bank of Economic and Social Development (BNDES) and the New Development Bank (NDB; or BRICS Bank) exhibited four key features of strategic diplomacy (systemic focus; long-term objectives; dynamic view of national interest; and engaged political leadership) and what its implications were for achieving Brazil’s long-term foreign policy objectives of national development and autonomy.
Changing frequency of fluctuating light reveals the molecular mechanism for P700 oxidation in plant leaves

Abstract Natural sunlight exceeds the demand of photosynthesis such that it can cause plants to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), which subsequently cause photo‐oxidative damage. Because photosystem I (PSI) is a major source of ROS, plants actively maintain the reaction center chlorophyll of PSI(P700) oxidized under excessive light conditions to alleviate the ROS production. P700 oxidation is universally recognized in photosynthetic organisms as a physiological response to excessive light. However, it is still poorly understood how P700 oxidation is induced in response to fluctuating light with a variety of frequencies. Here, we investigated the relationships of photosynthetic parameters with P700 oxidation in Arabidopsis thaliana under a sine fluctuating light with different frequencies. As the photon flux density of the light increased, P700 was oxidized concurrently with the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter qL unless the electron acceptor side of PSI was limited. Conversely, we did not observe a proportional relationship of non‐photochemical quenching with P700 oxidation. The mutant crr‐2, which lacks chloroplast NADPH dehydrogenase, was impaired in P700 oxidation during light fluctuation at high, but not low frequency, unlike the pgrl1 mutant deficient in PGR5 and PGRL1 proteins, which could not oxidize P700 during light fluctuation at both high and low frequencies. Taken together, our findings suggested that the changing frequency of fluctuating light reveals the tracking performance of molecular mechanisms underlying P700 oxidation.
Bioactivity and Volatile Profiling of Azadirachta indica Leaves for the Management of Maize Weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) Infestations

Neem (Azadirachta indica A. juss), is known to possess a wide range of pharmacological properties and is thus commercially exploitable. Apart from its medicinal potential, a considerable progress has been achieved regarding biological potential and chemical composition of the leaves which is an ever-increasing interest to the scientific community. During this study, biological phenomena and secondary metabolite composition of A. indica leaves were examined in the management of Sitophilus zeamais on stored maize. Insecticidal and repellent potential of A. indica leaf powders were evaluated in both contact and fumigant forms. Phytochemical screening of 11 phyto constituents was performed following the standard procedures for n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous leaf extracts. Volatile profile of A. indica leaves was characterized by employing headspace-solid-phase micro extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). Over 60% weevil repellency was recorded at doses above 23.33%, whereas 100% and 67% contact and fumigation mortalities were observed respectively, 9 days after treatment at the dose of 33.33% and the respected LD50 values were 1.56 g and 4.48 g. Thirty two volatile compounds were identified in three distinct chemical classes (Monoterpenoid, sesquiterpenoid and purine nucleosides). γ-Elemene (24.06%), 3,7 (11)-eudesmadiene (6.83%), caryophyllene (6.40%), and 10s,11s-himachala-3(12),4-diene (6.36%) were the major constituents of neem leaf volatiles, followed by other compounds present in less than 4% which might be responsible for varied biological activities observed. Thus the odour impact of the bioassayguided study clearly implies that A. indica leaves can be harnessed against S. zeamais infestations.Keywords: Azadirachta indica, Sitophilus zeamais, headspace-solid-phase micro-extraction, insecticidal activity, repellency
Production of papaya seedlings and initial growth produced in different polyethylene recipients

The objective of this study was to evaluate the vegetative and productive performance of papaya seedlings in response to different volumes of containers. The experiment was conducted in a seedling production nursery at the State University of Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), Campus de Nova Mutum - MT, using a completely randomized design with five replications, in which four sizes of polyethylene bags were tested in the production of seedlings: 10 x 16 cm, 15 x 21 cm, 17 x 27 cm and 20 x 21 The plots were composed of 3 plants. The parameters evaluated at 70 days after sowing were: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, root length, green matter mass and percentage of dry weight of the stem, leaves and roots. The container 17 x 27 cm stood out from the other containers, except for the characteristics of the length of the stem, percentage of dry mass of the stem and leaves where it was equivalent to the container 20 x 21 cm and the percentage of dry mass where all containers were equivalent. The experiment showed that the 17 x 27 cm container is the most recommended for the cultivation of papaya seedlings cultivar Sunrise Solo.
A Hybrid Microstructure Piezoresistive Sensor with Machine Learning Approach for Gesture Recognition

Developments in flexible electronics have adopted various approaches which have enhanced the applicability of human–machine interface fields. Recently, microstructural integration and hybrid functional materials were designed for realizing human somatosensory. Nonetheless, designing tactile sensors with smart structures using facile and low-cost fabrication processes remains challenging. Furthermore, using the sensors for recognizing stimuli and feedback applications remains poorly validated. In this study, a highly flexible piezoresistive tactile sensor was developed by homogeneously dispersing carbon black (CB) in a microstructure porous sugar/PDMS-based sponge. Owning to its high flexibility and softness, the sensor can be mounted on human or robotic systems for different clinical applications. We validated the applicability of the proposed sensor by applying it to recognizing grasp and release forces in an open setting and to classifying hand motions that surgeons apply on the master interface of a robotic system during intravascular catheterization. For this purpose, we implemented the long short-term memory (LSTM)-dense classification model and five traditional machine learning methods, namely, support vector machine, multilayer perceptron, decision tree, and k-nearest neighbor. The models were used to classify the different hand gestures obtained in an open-setting experiment. Amongst all, the LSTM-dense method yielded the highest overall recognition accuracy (87.38%). Nevertheless, the performance of the other models was in a similar range, showing that our sensor structure can be applied in intelligence sensing or tactile feedback systems. Secondly, the sensor prototype was applied to analyze the motions made while manipulating an interventional robot. We analyzed the displacement and velocity of the master interface during typical axial (push/pull) and radial operations with the robot. The results obtained show that the sensor is capable of recording unique patterns during different operations. Thus, a combination of the flexible wearable sensors and machine learning could yield a future generation of flexible materials and artificial intelligence of things (AIoT) devices.
The Problem-Based Learning: How the effect on student critical thinking ability and learning motivation in COVID-19 pandemic?

In the period of the Covid-19 pandemic, lecturers were confronted with difficulties to give a more intelligent learning model, one of which was a problem-based learning model. The reason for this investigation was to decide the impact of issue put together learning models with respect to understudies' basic reasoning abilities and acquiring inspiration, particularly in actual training learning. This exploration is a genuine test with a randomized pretest-posttest control bunch plan. The population is all understudies of class X, XI, and XII. The testing method utilizes straightforward irregular inspecting. The examples utilized in this examination were 112 individuals. The examination instrument utilized was target tests as various decision inquiries for basic reasoning abilities and mastering inspiration polls. The information investigation utilized was Paired example t-test and Independent example t-test. The consequences of his exploration are there is an impact of issue put together learning models with respect to understudies' basic reasoning abilities. There is an impact of the issue put together learning model with respect to understudy inspiration. The problem-based learning model is more compelling than the immediate showing model for understudies' basic deduction abilities in actual schooling mastering. The model of problem-based learning has a more beneficial outcome than the immediate encouraging model on understudies' learning inspiration in actual schooling learning. From these outcomes, it very well may be presumed that there is an impact of issue put together learning with respect to basic reasoning abilities and understudy inspiration, and issue based learning shows better outcomes contrasted with direct educating.
Nitrogen degradation of the limestone-urea mixtures in the rumen of goats

This experiment was aimed to study the degradation kinetics of limestone-urea mixtures in the goats rumen using the nylon bag technique. Samples of limestone were obtained from two limestone mountains, Pamotan Subdistrict of Central Java Province and Wonosari Subdistrict of Yogyakarta Province. The mixtures were created by combining urea at levels 25, 50, 75and 100%; respectively with two limestones on the basis of their Ca contents: L0U100, LP25U75, LP50U50; LP75U25, LW25U75; LW50U50; and LW75U25. The soluble fraction, potentially degradable fraction, the degradation rate of potentially degradable fraction, and effective degradation of respective dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) ruminal degradation kinetics were measured in each mixture. The mixture of LP75U25 had lowest effective and degradation rate of potentially degradable fraction (P<0.05) respectively for DM and N compared with those of other mixtures. In conclusion, the limestone-urea mixture of LP75U25 could be suggested as a dietary supplement of ruminal N slow release.
Using off-grid hydropower for community-led flood resilience: an integrated systems approach

ABSTRACT The need for reliable energy is an ongoing challenge. Poor energy access, particularly in off-grid areas, constrains socioeconomic development and reduces resilience against natural hazards. With water-based disasters becoming more frequent and intense, it is important that holistic insights are applied to the assessment of community vulnerabilities and capabilities. Humanitarian engineering interventions that combine renewable energy and flood early warning at the local level offer comprehensive solutions, have long-term potential, and promote synergies between community and professional stakeholders. This study examines a community-centered approach to localised hydropower and flood response within a framework of sustainable development. Using a systems approach, we develop strategies that potentially address multiple needs, including the intersecting needs of key stakeholder groups.
El estudio experimental de los conceptos de emoción

El estudio de las emociones es un campo de interesantes debates teóricos y de constante innovación metodológica. En este trabajo, se sintetiza la evolución histórica del estudio experimental de las emociones y muestra como el campo cambia desde un foco en los aspectos fisiológicos y expresivos hasta teorías que relevan el abordaje de los conceptos de emoción. A modo de ejemplo, se presenta un estudio empírico sobre conceptos de emoción basado en un diseño experimental de medidas repetidas. Los resultados muestran que las personas tienden a atribuir causalidad a los conceptos de emoción en mayor medida que a los conceptos no referidos a emoción, lo que significa que los eventos que anteceden y las consecuencias de las emociones cobran gran relevancia en la percepción emocional. Estos resultados aportan a la comprensión de la función que cumplen los conceptos de emoción en la adaptación de las personas a su entorno.
Reactive Transport Modeling for Supporting Climate Resilience at Groundwater Contamination Sites

Abstract. Climate resilience is an emerging issue at contaminated sites and hazardous waste sites, since projected climate shifts (e.g., increased/decreased precipitation) and extreme events (e.g., flooding, drought) could affect ongoing remediation or closure strategies. In this study, we develop a reactive transport model (Amanzi) for radionuclides (uranium, tritium, and others) and evaluate how different scenarios under climate change will influence the contaminant plume conditions and groundwater well concentrations. We demonstrate our approach using a two-dimensional reactive transport model for the Savannah River Site F-Area, including mineral reaction and sorption processes. Different recharge scenarios are considered by perturbing the infiltration rate from the base case, as well as considering cap failure and climate projection scenarios. We also evaluate the uranium and nitrate concentration ratios between scenarios and the base case to isolate the sorption effects with changing recharge rates. The modeling results indicate that the competing effects of dilution and remobilization significantly influence pH, thus changing the sorption of uranium. At the maximum concentration on the breakthrough curve, higher aqueous uranium concentration implies that sorption is reduced with lower pH due to remobilization. To better evaluate the climate change impacts in the future, we develop the workflow to include the downscaled CMIP5 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project) climate projection data in the reactive transport model, and evaluate how residual contamination evolves through 2100 under four climate Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios. The integration of climate modeling data and hydro-geochemistry models enables us to quantify the climate change impacts, assess which impacts need to be planned for, and therefore assist climate resiliency efforts and help guide site management.
Soil and climate factors drive spatio-temporal variability of arable crop yields under uniform management in Northern Italy

ABTRACT Soil and weather data were used to analyse spatio-temporal yield patterns of winter cereals (wheat) and spring dicots (sunflower and coriander) in an 11-ha field in Northern Italy (44.5° N, 12.2° E), during 2010–2014. Three yield stability classes (YSCs) were established over multiple years, based on spatio-temporal characteristics across the field: high yielding and stable (HYS), low yielding and stable (LYS), and unstable. The HYS class (46% of field area) staged a 122% relative yield with low temporal variability. The unstable class (24% of field area) was slightly more productive (83% relative yield) than the LYS class (30% of field area, and 80% relative yield), but less consistent over time. Crop yields evidenced negative correlations with sand content; positive correlations with silt and clay content. Soil properties were quite consistently classified among YSCs: the LYS and unstable classes were associated with higher sand content and lower cation exchange capacity, suggesting that these characteristics lead to fluctuation and depression of final yield. Establishing YSCs based on spatio-temporal yield appears a sound approach to appraise field potential. It results in strategic and tactical decisions to be taken, depending on the profile of spatial and temporal productivity in different field areas.
Student Performance Prediction via Attention-Based Multi-Layer Long-Short Term Memory

Online education has attracted a large number of students in recent years, because it breaks through the limitations of time and space and makes high-quality education at your fingertips. The method of predicting student performance is to analyze and predict the student’s final performance by collecting demographic data such as the student’s gender, age, and highest education level, and clickstream data generated when students interact with VLE in different types of specific courses, which are widely used in online education platforms. This article proposes a model to predict student performance via Attention-based Multi-layer LSTM (AML), which combines student demographic data and clickstream data for comprehensive analysis. We hope that we can obtain a higher prediction accuracy as soon as possible to provide timely intervention. The results show that the proposed model can improve the accuracy of 0.52% - 0.85% and the F1 score of 0.89% - 2.30% on the four-class classification task as well as the accuracy of 0.15% - 0.97% and the F1 score of 0.21% - 2.77% on the binary classification task from week 5 to week 25.