Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wavepacket-based transient signal detector using a translation-invariant wavelet transform

This paper presents a wavepacket-based transient signal detector for detecting unknown deterministic signals in Gaussian white noise. The detector consists of the best wavepacket basis algorithm of Coifman and Wickerhauser, together with the recently developed translation invariant wavelet transform (TI) of Weiss. The uniqueness of this approach concerns the use of the TI which provides two advantages over nominal wavepacket methods. One advantage is that the TI detector performance is independent of sample shifts of the input signal. The second advantage concerns energy distribution in the wavepacket domain. The adaptability of wavepackets to the input signal, provides a distinct advantage over wavelet methods. Use of the TI with wavepacket methods provides the further advantage of a sharper energy concentration in the wavepacket domain. That is, more energy is concentrated into a fewer number of coefficients, thereby providing larger peak energy values. We exploit this higher peak energy, by using the maximum energy as a detection statistic. A numerical investigation is conducted by sweeping over frequency, phase and damping constant for an exponentially damped sinusoid. Detector performance is evaluated through ROC curve comparison, generated by Monte-Carlo simulation. TI detector performance is compared to the Mallat wavelet transform detector and the nominal wavepacket based detector. Results show on average, a performance improvement in the TI based detector over the nominal wavepacket and wavelet detectors.
Network Slicing for mMTC and URLLC Using Software-Defined Networking with P4 Switches

Massive machine-type communication (mMTC) and ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) are two key services in fifth-generation (5G) mobile wireless networks. These networks have been developed with extremely high service quality requirements: scalability for mMTC and reliability with low latency for URLLC. Fifth-generation network slicing will play a key role in supporting the distinct requirements of various services. Software-defined networking (SDN), a promising technology for network softwarization, physically separates the network control plane from the data plane by centrally controlling switches with an SDN controller. However, control channel bottleneck and processing delays due to this centralized control may reduce the scalability, reliability, and security of SDN. This paper proposes an SDN framework with programming protocol–independent packet processor (P4) switches (SDNPS), and defines a packet format containing in-band network telemetry data to simultaneously support heavy Internet of Things and URLLC traffic in 5G network slices. The method both satisfies the requirements of mMTC and URLLC and alleviates the load on the SDN controller. P4 is an advanced switch interface technology that provides enhanced stateful forwarding and reveals a persistent state on the SDN data plane. To demonstrate the superiority of SDNPS, simulations are performed on conventional SDNs and SDNPS. SDNPS outperforms the other schemes in terms of average throughput, packet loss ratio, and packet delay for both the mMTC and URLLC network slices.
Investigation of Voltage Stability in Three-Phase Unbalanced Distribution Systems with DGs

Smart grids draw lots of attention and interests and they are fundamentally changing traditional power grids. One of the key aspects of smart grid is that more distributed generators (DGs) are connected in distribution systems. Distribution systems have changed from passive to active. Stability problems become important issues, one of which is voltage stability problems. To analyze voltage stability problems, many methods are proposed for transmission systems. However, because distribution systems are very different from transmission system, the methods for transmission systems cannot be directly applied to distribution systems. Therefore, effective methods of analyzing voltage stability problems for distribution systems are needed. The main focus of this dissertation is on three-phase unbalanced distribution systems with DGs. Firstly, improvements were made to an existing three-phase continuation power flow (CPF) method so that the maximum loading factor of distribution systems can be found accurately. Various distribution system components and DGs in PQ mode and PV mode with reactive power were modeled. Comparisons with Matpower software were made to validate the correctness of the implemented three-phase CPF program. Secondly, to provide more detailed voltage stability analysis and determine the weak buses of distribution systems, a new voltage stability analysis method, the CPF scan method, was proposed. The weak buses found by this method are the buses that have higher impact on the maximum loadability or the maximum total real load power that the system can support. Extensive case studies were performed and the impact of different
The Role of Community-Engaged Learning in Engineering Education for Sustainable Development

This paper presents the positive experience of facilitating over 300 community-engaged engineering projects at an Irish higher-education institution. The projects are framed by a research orientation, a commitment to civic engagement, and building university–community partnerships, city–university partnerships, and partnerships with other official agencies, so that community users can provide real learning problems and contexts for students and researchers and benefit from the results. The paper highlights how well the outlined approach fits with the ideas of engaged scholarship and civic professionalism, and facilitates sustainable development. Students recognise the long-term value of engaging with community partners, understanding their future role in the community as engineers, reinforcing the idea that their work can respond directly to real needs in the community, while promoting the sustainability agenda at the same time. The approach presented in this study will not only enable the development of future models for embedding sustainability in engineering programs, but will also equip future engineers with transferable skills to ensure that sustainable development goes beyond university courses and is practiced every day.
3D Printed Gene-Activated Sodium Alginate Hydrogel Scaffolds

Gene therapy is one of the most promising approaches in regenerative medicine to restore damaged tissues of various types. However, the ability to control the dose of bioactive molecules in the injection site can be challenging. The combination of genetic constructs, bioresorbable material, and the 3D printing technique can help to overcome these difficulties and not only serve as a microenvironment for cell infiltration but also provide localized gene release in a more sustainable way to induce effective cell differentiation. Herein, the cell transfection with plasmid DNA directly incorporated into sodium alginate prior to 3D printing was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. The 3D cryoprinting ensures pDNA structure integrity and safety. 3D printed gene-activated scaffolds (GAS) mediated HEK293 transfection in vitro and effective synthesis of model EGFP protein in vivo, thereby allowing the implementation of the developed GAS in future tissue engineering applications.
Warm water temperatures (≥ 20oC) as a threat to adult Pacific lamprey: Implications of climate change

Interest in the effects of warmwater temperatures (≥ 20oC) on fishes has grown as biologists attempt to understand the impacts of climate change on native species. Clemens et al. (2016) hypothesized that rivers displaying warmwater temperatures and low river flows (such as may become more common with climate change in North America) may select against Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus migrating and spawning in the upper reaches of some watersheds. I provide new information from different locations that supports Clemens et al.’s hypothesis, including observations of pre-spawn mortalities of Pacific lamprey during a recent heat wave, when daily water temperatures averaged 26.6oC (range: 20.8o – 30.6oC) and additional data from the literature. These observations and data suggest that the continued warming and slowing of rivers pose a threat to Pacific lamprey in some Oregon (USA) rivers, which appears to agree with other research that suggests that lampreys will lose habitats in lower latitudes as climate change progresses.
Do AutoML-Based QSAR Models Fulfill OECD Principles for Regulatory Assessment? A 5-HT1A Receptor Case

The drug discovery and development process requires a lot of time, financial, and workforce resources. Any reduction in these burdens might benefit all stakeholders in the healthcare domain, including patients, government, and companies. One of the critical stages in drug discovery is a selection of molecular structures with a strong affinity to a particular molecular target. The possible solution is the development of predictive models and their application in the screening process, but due to the complexity of the problem, simple and statistical models might not be sufficient for practical application. The manuscript presents the best-in-class predictive model for the serotonin 1A receptor affinity and its validation according to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development guidelines for regulatory purposes. The model was developed based on a database with close to 9500 molecules by using an automatic machine learning tool (AutoML). The model selection was conducted based on the Akaike information criterion value and 10-fold cross-validation routine, and later good predictive ability was confirmed with an additional external validation dataset with over 700 molecules. Moreover, the multi-start technique was applied to test if an automatic model development procedure results in reliable results.
Large numbers cause magnitude neglect: The case of government expenditures

Significance Comprehension of government expenditures requires understanding immense monetary amounts, yet numbers of such magnitude are difficult to understand. Our findings highlight the implications of basic numerical processing for participatory democracy. Basic principles of numerical cognition predict that a simple rescaling manipulation will increase nonexperts’ ability to discriminate among different price tags for large government programs, a prediction that was supported in four experiments. By converting large numbers into smaller ones, regardless of their unit familiarity, people are better able to process numerical information and, subsequently, incorporate differences in budgetary magnitudes into their judgments and decisions.
Development of Kelvin/Zisman Probe Based Methodology for Detection of Minor Water Leaks in Underground Pipelines

Pipelines are the main means of transportation for liquids such as fresh water. Maintaining the pipelines in a healthy condition is essential to avoid leakage that could affect the economy, environment, sustainability, health and safety. Therefore, valuable water must be well managed and saved by detecting the minor leaks before outrageous losses. The objective of this research is to develop a Kelvin/Zisman probe (KZP) based methodology to detect water leaks in underground supply pipelines. A KZP measures the presence of moisture in soil by assessing the electric potential value (E) in volts that is set-up by the probe. It is designed to detect minor leaks especially in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and metallic pipes such as steel pipes (ANSI Schedule 40). The developed KZP passes above the ground surface (soil) to take the potential value readings. The reading results confirm the KZP is sensitive to the moisture; so, it can detect water content of soil with 6.7%, 5.6%, and 5.2%, but cannot detect 4.6% or less. Accordingly, the reading results of water contents comply with their R-squared, which are 0.97, 0.96, 0.98, and 0.81, respectively. Furthermore, 6.7%, 5.6%, and 5.2% water content average potential values are 5.6V, 6.2V, and 7.2V, respectively, which are inversely proportional. The proportionality between water content of soil and potential value reading proves the KZP has potential to detect the water leaks.
Effects of Aqueous Extract of Ocimum gratissimum Leaf on Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Nephrotoxicity in Adult Wistar rats

This study investigated the effects of aqueous leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimumon enzymatic antioxidants and renal function in carbon tetrachloride-induced nephrotoxicity. Twenty-five (25) adult Wistar rats were involved in this study. They were randomly assigned into five (5) groups of five (5) animals each, as follows: Group A received 1 ml of distilled water daily, Group B received 1.5 ml/kg of olive oiltwice a week for 15 days, Group C received 250 mg/kg of Ocimum gratissimum aqueous leaf extract daily, Group D received 1.5 ml/kg of carbon tetrachloride and olive oil (1:1 v/v), twice a week for 15 days, while Group E received 1.5 ml/kg ofcarbon tetrachloride and olive oil (1:1 v/v), twice a week for 15 days+ 250 mg/kg of Ocimum gratissimum aqueous leaf extract, daily. The extract was administered by orogastric tube, while olive oil and carbon tetrachloride were administered by intraperitoneal injection. Renal function markers (creatinine and urea), and malondialdehyde were assayed in plasma and tissue homogenate, respectively, using standard methods. Obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis using the IBM SPSS statistics software (Statistical Package for Social Science) (Version 25) and relevant statistical values were analyzed. Results showed that the intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride together with olive oil significantly (p < 0.05) increased the levels of urea and creatinine, and a similar outcome was observed in malondialdehyde levels. The administration of Ocimum gratissimum ensured a reversal of these levels to those comparable with the control. This demonstrates that aqueous leaf extract Ocimum gratissimum has the potential to manage carbon tetrachloride-induced nephrotoxicity.
Effect of foliar spray of gibberellic acid (GA3) and borax on growth, productivity, and quality of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) under protected structure at Kaski, Nepal

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is a highly demanded solanaceous vegetable crop in Nepal. Poor vegetative growth, low flowering and fruit set are the major problems in tomato. Thus, an experiment was conducted to improve vegetative growth, flowering, fruiting and productivity of tomato (Nepali Variety Type 2) at Pokhara-14, Kaski, Nepal during spring- summer of 2019 in Split plot arrangement with gibberellic acid (GA3) as main factor and Borax as sub factor, with three replications. The main factor consisted of four concentrations of GA3 (0, 25, 50 and 75 ppm) which was applied thrice as foliar spray at 15, 30 and 45 days after transplanting (DAT) and sub factor consisted three concentrations of borax (0%, 0.25% and 0.5%) which was applied four times as foliar spray at 15, 30, 45 and 60 DAT. Growth characters viz., plant height, leaf area, leaf number, flower number per cluster, fruit number were significantly enhanced with application of 50 ppm GA3 and gave higher productivity (31.65 t ha-1) compared to other concentrations and control. Likewise, foliar spray of borax resulted in higher stem girth, flower clusters, number of flowers per cluster, and TSS content of tomato. Furthermore, borax @ 0.25% gave the highest productivity (30.78 t ha-1). The better effect of 50 ppm GA3 on growth and yield of tomato and effect of 0.25% borax on flowering and yield, makes them promising solutions to the problems of tomato at Kaski, Nepal. Thus, further research should be conducted by using GA3 and borax in several other tomato cultivars in field and under protected structure at different soil type and climatic conditions.
Conocimiento de Contenido Tecnológico y Pedagógico (TPACK) y creencias sobre las TIC de profesores de matemáticas en formación inicial

l estudio reúne elementos esenciales al momento en que los profesores buscan desarrollar procesos educativos en la enseñanza de las matemáticas de forma didáctica, a partir de la integración de recursos tecnológicos para apoyar el proceso de aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Por ello, se pretenden caracterizar los conocimientos y creencias de los profesores de matemática en formación inicial en torno a las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC). El alcance metodológico es de tipo descriptivo por fases, acompañado de la aplicación de técnicas e instrumentos como la encuesta, los grupos focales y una observación no participante, a 47 profesores de matemática en formación inicial de una universidad pública del Caribe colombiano, con la finalidad de recolectar información sobre el Conocimiento de Contenido Matemático (MCK por su sigla en Inglés), las creencias del profesor, el Conocimiento de Contenido Tecnológico y Pedagógico (TPACK por su sigla en inglés) en matemáticas y las competencias TIC del profesor. Aunque dentro de los resultados obtenidos se destaca el escaso conocimiento que tienen los profesores al impartir contenido matemático con recursos tecnológicos, situación que limita su impacto en el aula de clases, los participantes están interesados en conocer, aprender y explorar su uso; además se observa una limitada integración de TPACK en la formación de profesores de matemáticas y un escaso conocimiento y uso de software matemático en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje.
Research on Chinese Women’s Super-League’s Promotion

Chinese Women’s Super League (CWSL for short) has a comparatively short history. Initiated in 1997, it represented the highest level of Chinese Football. Because of Covid-19, the Chinese Women’s Super League changed into a tournament system and audiences were only allowed to watch online games. The purpose of the study was to help CWSL promote its notability under the circumstance of Covid-19 by using Neil Borden’s marketing mix theory of 4Ps developed in 1950. SWOT analysis was used throughout the study. The result showed that the Chinese Women’s Super League had difficulties improving its match quality and fan engagement online due to Covid-19 and its internal operation. Specific advice to improve the league’s notability was listed below, including but not limited to opening clubs’ official websites and players’ official accounts, making sports videos, collaborating with well-known anchors, implanting a lottery system into the live broadcast, affiliating all women teams to men football clubs, increase the number of women teams and matches, and sell season tickets. Future studies will focus on specific online promotion strategies. In addition, after Covid-19 ends, future studies will generate new market strategies for all Chinese Women’ Football leagues.
Lipotoxicity in a Vicious Cycle of Pancreatic Beta Cell Exhaustion

Hyperlipidemia is a common metabolic disorder in modern society and may precede hyperglycemia and diabetes by several years. Exactly how disorders of lipid and glucose metabolism are related is still a mystery in many respects. We analyze the effects of hyperlipidemia, particularly free fatty acids, on pancreatic beta cells and insulin secretion. We have developed a computational model to quantitatively estimate the effects of specific metabolic pathways on insulin secretion and to assess the effects of short- and long-term exposure of beta cells to elevated concentrations of free fatty acids. We show that the major trigger for insulin secretion is the anaplerotic pathway via the phosphoenolpyruvate cycle, which is affected by free fatty acids via uncoupling protein 2 and proton leak and is particularly destructive in long-term chronic exposure to free fatty acids, leading to increased insulin secretion at low blood glucose and inadequate insulin secretion at high blood glucose. This results in beta cells remaining highly active in the “resting” state at low glucose and being unable to respond to anaplerotic signals at high pyruvate levels, as is the case with high blood glucose. The observed fatty-acid-induced disruption of anaplerotic pathways makes sense in the context of the physiological role of insulin as one of the major anabolic hormones.
relationship between vitamin D and TPO antibody in Hashimoto's thyroiditis

Introduction: Hashimoto's thyroiditis is autoimmune disease that effect on thyroid gland tissue via penetration some special white blood cells (called lymphocyte) into thyroid gland and it is act to product specific antibodies act to damage the thyroid cells. Vitamin D is fat soluble vitamin, it is from steroid compounds derivatives and act after binding with its receptor in target cell. Vitamin D has many functions, but the important function is regulation factor on gene level, so it include in regulation of autoimmune diseases severity. Objective: This study aimed to explain the role vitamin D deficiency on severity of Hashimoto's thyroiditis via it's effect on TPO-Ab production. Method: The current study involved compare tow groups Hashimoto's thyroiditis with vitamin D deficiency as group 1 and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis without vitamin D deficiency group 2. The serum specimens of all individuals used to measure anti TPO-Ab, T4, TSH and vitamin D levels via TOSOH instrument. Results: This study result's explain after comparison between Hashimoto's thyroiditis with vitamin D deficiency group and Hashimoto's thyroiditis without vitamin D deficiency group the elevation of anti- TPO-Ab levels with sever hypothyroidism in Hashimoto's thyroiditis with vitamin D deficiency group more than other group.
Application of Mediterranean Diet in Cardiovascular Diseases and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Motivations and Challenges

Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of disability and death in many countries. Together with CVD, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for more than 80% of all premature non-communicable disease deaths. The protective effect of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on CVD and its risk factors, including T2DM, has been a constant topic of interest. Notwithstanding, despite the large body of evidence, scientists are concerned about the challenges and difficulties of the application of MedDiet. This review aims to explore the motivations and challenges for using MedDiet in patients with CVD and T2DM. Design: An electronic search was conducted for articles about MedDiet published in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science up to December 2021, particularly on CVD and T2DM patients. From a total of 1536 studies, the final eligible set of 108 studies was selected. Study selection involved three iterations of filtering. Results: Motivation to apply MedDiet was driven by the importance of studying the entire food pattern rather than just one nutrient, the health benefits, and the distinct characteristics of MedDiet. Challenges of the application of MedDiet include lacking universal definition and scoring of MedDiet. Influences of nutritional transition that promote shifting of traditional diets to Westernized diets further complicate the adherence of MedDiet. The challenges also cover the research aspects, including ambiguous and inconsistent findings, the inexistence of positive results, limited evidence, and generalization in previous studies. The review revealed that most of the studies recommended that future studies are needed in terms of health benefits, describing the potential benefits of MedDiet, identifying the barriers, and mainly discussing the effect of MedDiet in different populations. Conclusions: In general, there is consistent and strong evidence that MedDiet is associated inversely with CVD risk factors and directly with glycemic control. MedDiet is the subject of active and diverse research despite the existing challenges. This review informs the health benefits conferred by this centuries-old dietary pattern and highlights MedDiet could possibly be revolutionary, practical, and non-invasive approach for the prevention and treatment CVD and T2DM.