Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On a test of the modified BCS theory performance in the picket fence model

The errors in the arguments, numerical results, and conclusions in the paper “Test of a modified BCS theory performance in the picket fence model” [9] by V.Yu. Ponomarev and A.I. Vdovin are pointed out. Its repetitions of already published material are also discussed.
A Plasma Circular RNA Profile Differentiates Subjects with Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment from Healthy Controls

The most frequently used biomarkers to support the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) are Aβ42, total-Tau, and phospho-tau protein levels in CSF. Moreover, magnetic resonance imaging is used to assess hippocampal atrophy, 18F-FDG PET to identify abnormal brain metabolism, and PET imaging for amyloid deposition. These tests are rather complex and invasive and not easily applicable to clinical practice. Circulating non-coding RNAs, which are inherently stable and easy to manage, have been reported as promising biomarkers for central nervous system conditions. Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs) as a novel class of ncRNAs have gained attention. We carried out a pilot study on five participants with AD and five healthy controls (HC) investigating circRNAs by Arraystar Human Circular RNA Microarray V2.0. Among them, 26 circRNAs were differentially expressed (FC ≥ 1.5, p < 0.05) in participants with AD compared to HC. From a top 10 of differentially expressed circRNAs, a validation study was carried out on four up-regulated (hsa_circRNA_050263, hsa_circRNA_403959, hsa_circRNA_003022, hsa_circRNA_100837) and two down-regulated (hsa_circRNA_102049, hsa_circRNA_102619) circRNAs in a larger population. Moreover, five subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were investigated. The analysis confirmed the upregulation of hsa_circRNA_050263, hsa_circRNA_403959, and hsa_circRNA_003022 both in subjects with AD and in MCI compared to HCs. We also investigated all microRNAs potentially interacting with the studied circRNAs. The GO enrichment analysis shows they are involved in the development of the nervous system, and in the cellular response to nerve growth factor stimuli, protein phosphorylation, apoptotic processes, and inflammation pathways, all of which are processes related to the pathology of AD.
Low-coverage heteroepitaxial growth with interfacial mixing

We investigate the influence of intermixing on heteroepitaxial growth dynamics, using a two-dimensional point island model, expected to be a good approximation in the early stages of epitaxy. In this model, which we explore both analytically and numerically, every deposited B atom diffuses on the surface with diffusion constant DB and can exchange with any A atom of the substrate at constant rate. There is no exchange back and emerging atoms diffuse on the surface with diffusion constant DA. When any two diffusing atoms meet, they nucleate a point island. The islands neither diffuse nor break and grow by capturing other diffusing atoms. The model leads to an island density governed by the diffusion of one of the species at low temperature and by the diffusion of the other at high temperature. We show that these limit behaviors, as well as intermediate ones, all belong to the same universality class, described by a scaling law. We also show that the island-size distribution is self-similarly described by a dynamic scaling law in the limits where only one diffusion constant is relevant to the dynamics and that this law is affected when both DA and DB play a role.
A METHOD FOR MEASURING (SLOPES OF) THE MASS PROFILES OF DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXIES

We introduce a method for measuring the slopes of mass profiles within dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxies directly from stellar spectroscopic data and without adopting a dark matter halo model. Our method combines two recent results: (1) spherically symmetric, equilibrium Jeans models imply that the product of half-light radius and (squared) stellar velocity dispersion provides an estimate of the mass enclosed within the half-light radius of a dSph stellar component, and (2) some dSphs have chemodynamically distinct stellar subcomponents that independently trace the same gravitational potential. We devise a statistical method that uses measurements of stellar positions, velocities, and spectral indices to distinguish two dSph stellar subcomponents and to estimate their individual half-light radii and velocity dispersions. For a dSph with two detected stellar subcomponents, we obtain estimates of masses enclosed at two discrete points in the same mass profile, immediately defining a slope. Applied to published spectroscopic data, our method distinguishes stellar subcomponents in the Fornax and Sculptor dSphs, for which we measure slopes Γ ≡ Δlog M/Δlog r = 2.61+0.43−0.37 and Γ = 2.95+0.51−0.39, respectively. These values are consistent with “cores” of constant density within the central few hundred parsecs of each galaxy and rule out “cuspy” Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) profiles (dlog M/dlog r ⩽ 2 at all radii) with a significance ≳ 96% and ≳ 99%, respectively. Tests with synthetic data indicate that our method tends systematically to overestimate the mass of the inner stellar subcomponent to a greater degree than that of the outer stellar subcomponent, and therefore to underestimate the slope Γ (implying that the stated NFW exclusion levels are conservative).
COMPACT OPTICAL COUNTERPARTS OF ULTRALUMINOUS X-RAY SOURCES

Using archival Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging data, we report the multiband photometric properties of 13 ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) that have a unique compact optical counterpart. Both magnitude and color variation are detected at timescales of days to years. The optical color, variability, and X-ray to optical flux ratio indicate that the optical emission of most ULXs is dominated by X-ray reprocessing on the disk, similar to that of low-mass X-ray binaries. For most sources, the optical spectrum is a power law, Fν∝να with α in the range 1.0–2.0 and the optically emitting region has a size on the order of 1012 cm. Exceptions are NGC 2403 X-1 and M83 IXO 82, which show optical spectra consistent with direct emission from a standard thin disk, M101 ULX-1 and M81 ULS1, which have X-ray to optical flux ratios more similar to high-mass X-ray binaries, and IC 342 X-1, in which the optical light may be dominated by the companion star. Inconsistent extinction between the optical counterpart of NGC 5204 X-1 and the nearby optical nebulae suggests that they may be unrelated.
Acessibilidade metropolitana e produção territorial: um anel viário para o mercado imobiliário na Região Metropolitana de Natal/RN

Este artigo visa compreender como a recente formação de um anel viário em parte da Região Metropolitana de Natal (Rio Grande do Norte) impactou na dinâmica imobiliária, em área de consolidação do bairro de Lagoa Nova (Natal/RN) e de expansão do município de São Gonçalo do Amarante. Na primeira, em constante transformação urbana, preços de imóveis – principalmente apartamentos – tem se elevado conforme dilatação do núcleo global ou conjunto de vias mais acessíveis da cidade. A outra, com características de espraiamento urbano, tem sofrido, nos últimos anos a gradual elevação de preços fundiários, após ampliação das conexões viárias que dão acesso ao novo aeroporto internacional Aluízio Alves. Através desses dois recortes passam eixos que se somam a um anel viário metropolitano influente nas tendências de fluxos e movimentos intraurbanos entre os dois municípios, em especial após conclusão do acesso sul para o novo aeroporto. Como método usa-se a Sintaxe do Espaço para aferir, mediante medidas de integração (centralidade) e atravessamento (choice), como os níveis de acessibilidade metropolitana da malha urbana dão respostas ao processo de precificação – para mais ou para menos – se apresentando como instrumento de análise da valorização imobiliária.
Non-Abelian Fractional Chern Insulators from Long-Range Interactions

The recent theoretical discovery of fractional Chern insulators (FCIs) has provided an important new way to realize topologically ordered states in lattice models. In earlier works, on-site and nearest-neighbor Hubbard-like interactions have been used extensively to stabilize Abelian FCIs in systems with nearly flat, topologically nontrivial bands. However, attempts to use two-body interactions to stabilize non-Abelian FCIs, where the ground state in the presence of impurities can be massively degenerate and manipulated through anyon braiding, have proven very difficult in uniform lattice systems. Here, we study the remarkable effect of long-range interactions in a lattice model that possesses an exactly flat lowest band with a unit Chern number. When spinless bosons with two-body long-range interactions partially fill the lowest Chern band, we find convincing evidence of gapped, bosonic Read-Rezayi (RR) phases with non-Abelian anyon statistics. We characterize these states through studying topological degeneracies, the overlap between the ground states of two-body interactions and the exact RR ground states of three- and four-body interactions, and state counting in the particle-cut entanglement spectrum. Moreover, we demonstrate how an approximate lattice form of Haldane's pseudopotentials, analogous to that in the continuum, can be used as an efficient guiding principle in the search for lattice models with stable non-Abelian phases.
Personal Responsibility Relationship to Environmental Responsibility Behavior

This research discusses the role of an international organization called Junior Chamber International (JCI) in Indonesia which helps the provision and management of clean water and sanitation as one of the realizations of the global sustainable development goals (SDGs) in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach with case study research methods. Data was collected by interviewing several relevant sources and observing various JCI activities. Other data were obtained from secondary data in the form of literature studies and various supporting documentation such as books and journals, data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and the DKI Provincial Government, as well as the results of periodic reports and various photo documentation of JCI's activities. Liberalism theory was chosen as an approach that is considered capable of providing answers to the positive changes formed and carried out by JCI in international relations cooperation to realize sustainable development. The results of the study show that JCI as an international organization is a platform for young professionals in their fields and can directly contribute in depth. JCI is also able to navigate the interests of stakeholders both towards the government, NGOs, other international organizations, and the community as targets in terms of efforts to realize the six sustainable development goals, namely the management and provision of access to clean water and sustainable sanitation
Pharmacologic Management of Central Fever: A Review of Evidence for Bromocriptine, Propranolol, and Baclofen

Objective: The purpose of this review was to evaluate the clinical data supporting bromocriptine, propranolol, and baclofen in the pharmacologic management of central fever. Data Sources: A comprehensive literature review was performed between January 2018 and August 2022 using the following keywords: “central fever” NOT “fever” OR “infection” OR “infectious” AND “neurocritical” OR “neurology” AND “treatment” AND “medication” OR “medicine” OR “drug” OR “pharmaceutical. ” Study Selection and Data Extraction: A total of 6 case reports met specified inclusion criteria, with 2 reporting on each of the evaluated medications. Data Synthesis: Significant heterogeneity exists regarding dosing strategies and duration of treatment with these medications for the management of central fever. Although each medication demonstrated the ability to restore normothermia, the variation in underlying cause of the fever and lack of cross-over evaluation between different medications makes a definitive treatment strategy for any of these agents elusive. Conclusions: The development of a central fever has been associated with poor outcomes in patients who have suffered a critical neurologic injury. Although their exact mechanism for this indication has not been fully elucidated, anecdotal evidence seemingly supports the use of bromocriptine, propranolol, and baclofen.
Mass of asymptotically anti-de Sitter hairy spacetimes

In the standard asymptotic expansion of four dimensional static asymptotically flat spacetimes, the coefficient of the first subleading term of the lapse function canbe identified with the mass of the spacetime. Using the Hamiltonian formalism we show that, in asymptotically locally anti-de Sitter spacetimes endowed with a scalar field, the mass can read off in the same way only when the boundary conditions are compatible with the asymptotic realization of the anti-de Sitter symmetry. In particular, this implies that some prescriptions for computing the mass of a hairy spacetime are not suitable when the scalar field breaks the asymptotic anti-de Sitter invariance.
GENUS STATISTICS USING THE DELAUNAY TESSELLATION FIELD ESTIMATION METHOD. I. TESTS WITH THE MILLENNIUM SIMULATION AND THE SDSS DR7

We study the topology of cosmic large-scale structure through the genus statistics, using galaxy catalogs generated from the Millennium Simulation and observational data from the latest Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release (SDSS DR7). We introduce a new method for constructing galaxy density fields and for measuring the genus statistics of its isodensity surfaces. It is based on a Delaunay tessellation field estimation (DTFE) technique that allows the definition of a piece-wise continuous density field and the exact computation of the topology of its polygonal isodensity contours, without introducing any free numerical parameter. Besides this new approach, we also employ the traditional approaches of smoothing the galaxy distribution with a Gaussian of fixed width, or by adaptively smoothing with a kernel that encloses a constant number of neighboring galaxies. Our results show that the Delaunay-based method extracts the largest amount of topological information. Unlike the traditional approach for genus statistics, it is able to discriminate between the different theoretical galaxy catalogs analyzed here, both in real space and in redshift space, even though they are based on the same underlying simulation model. In particular, the DTFE approach detects with high confidence a discrepancy of one of the semi-analytic models studied here compared with the SDSS data, while the other models are found to be consistent.
Chamber‐based system for measuring whole‐plant transpiration dynamics

Abstract Most of our insights on whole‐plant transpiration (E) are based on leaf‐chamber measurements using water vapor porometers, IRGAs, or flux measurements. Gravimetric methods are integrative, accurate, and a clear differentiation between evaporation and E can be made. Water vapor pressure deficit (VPD) is the driving force for E but assessing its impact has been evasive, due to confounding effects of other climate drivers. We developed a chamber‐based gravimetric method, in which whole plant response of E to VPD could be assessed, while keeping other environmental parameters at predetermined values. Stable VPD values (0.5–3.7 kPa) were attained within 5 min after changing flow settings and maintained for at least 45 min. Species differing in life form and photosynthetic metabolism were used. Typical runs covering the range of VPDs lasted up to 4 h, preventing acclimation responses or soilborne water deficit. Species‐specific responses of E to VPD could be identified, as well as differences in leaf conductance. The combined gravimetric‐chamber‐based system presented overcomes several limitations of previous gravimetric set ups in terms of replicability, time, and elucidation of the impact of specific environmental drivers on E, filling a methodological gap and widening our phenotyping capabilities.
Issues Concerning the Waterfall of Hybrid Inflation

We discuss the waterfall that ends hybrid inflation. Making some simplifying assumptions, that may be satisfied by GUT inflation models, two issues are addressed. First, the procedure of keeping the quantum fluctuation of the waterfall field only in the regime where it can be regarded as classical. Second, the contribution to the primordial curvature perturbation that is generated during the waterfall. Because the waterfall field is heavy during inflation, the spectrum of this contribution is strongly blue and hence is negligible on cosmological scales.
On quantum microcanonical equilibrium

A quantum microcanonical postulate is proposed as a basis for the equilibrium properties of small quantum systems. Expressions for the corresponding density of states are derived, and are used to establish the existence of phase transitions for finite quantum systems. A grand microcanonical ensemble is introduced, which can be used to obtain new rigorous results in quantum statistical mechanics.
Flavours of variability: 29 RR Lyrae stars observed with Kepler

We present our analysis of Kepler observations of 29 RR Lyrae stars, based on 138 d of observation. We report precise pulsation periods for all stars. Nine of these stars had incorrect or unknown periods in the literature. 14 of the stars exhibit both amplitude and phase Blazhko modulations, with Blazhko periods ranging from 27.7 to more than 200 d. For V445 Lyr, a longer secondary variation is also observed in addition to its 53.2-d Blazhko period. The unprecedented precision of the Kepler photometry has led to the discovery of the the smallest modulations detected so far. Moreover, additional frequencies beyond the well-known harmonics and Blazhko multiplets have been found. These frequencies are located around the half-integer multiples of the main pulsation frequency for at least three stars. In four stars, these frequencies are close to the first and/or second overtone modes. The amplitudes of these periodicities seem to vary over the Blazhko cycle. V350 Lyr, a non-Blazhko star in our sample, is the first example of a double-mode RR Lyrae star that pulsates in its fundamental and second overtone modes.
M theory on the orbifold C 2 /Z N

We construct M theory on the orbifold C{sup 2}/Z{sub N} by coupling 11-dimensional supergravity to a seven-dimensional Yang-Mills theory located on the orbifold fixed plane. It is shown that the resulting action is supersymmetric to leading nontrivial order in the 11-dimensional Newton constant. This action provides the starting point for a reduction of M theory on G{sub 2} spaces with codimension four singularities.
A thermally stable heating mechanism for the intracluster medium: turbulence, magnetic fields and plasma instabilities

We consider the problem of self-regulated heating and cooling in galaxy clusters and the implications for cluster magnetic fields and turbulence. Viscous heating of a weakly collisional magnetized plasma is regulated by the pressure anisotropy with respect to the local direction of the magnetic field. The intracluster medium is a high-beta plasma, where pressure anisotropies caused by the turbulent stresses and the consequent local changes in the magnetic field will trigger very fast microscale instabilities. We argue that the net effect of these instabilities will be to pin the pressure anisotropies at a marginal level, controlled by the plasma beta parameter. This gives rise to local heating rates that turn out to be comparable to the radiative cooling rates. Furthermore, we show that a balance between this heating and bremsstrahlung cooling is thermally stable, unlike the often conjectured balance between cooling and thermal conduction. Given a sufficient (and probably self-regulating) supply of turbulent power, this provides a physical mechanism for mitigating cooling flows and preventing cluster core collapse. For observed density and temperature profiles, the assumed balance of viscous heating and radiative cooling allows us to predict magnetic field strengths, turbulent velocities and turbulence scales as functions of distance from the centre. Specific predictions and comparisons with observations are given for several different clusters. Our predictions can be further tested by future observations of cluster magnetic fields and turbulent velocities.
BoB: Bandwidth Prediction for Real-Time Communications Using Heuristic and Reinforcement Learning

Bandwidth prediction is critical in any Real-time Communication (RTC) service or application. This component decides how much media data can be sent in real time. Subsequently, the video and audio encoder dynamically adapts the bitrate to achieve the best quality without congesting the network and causing packets to be lost or delayed. To date, several RTC services have deployed the heuristic-based Google Congestion Control (GCC), which performs well under certain circumstances and falls short in some others. In this paper, we leverage the advancements in reinforcement learning and propose BoB(Bang-on-Bandwidth) — a hybrid bandwidth predictor for RTC. At the beginning of the RTC session, BoBuses a heuristic-based approach. It then switches to a learning-based approach. BoBpredicts the available bandwidth accurately and improves bandwidth utilization under diverse network conditions compared to the two winning solutions of the ACM MMSys'21 grand challenge on bandwidth estimation in RTC. An open-source implementation of BoBis publicly available for further testing and research.
Levodopa is the best symptomatic therapy for PD: Nothing more, nothing less

Since its introduction in the late 1960s, levodopa has been recognized as the most effective therapy for Parkinson’s Disease (PD), and millions of patients have benefited from this treatment. Indeed, no medical or surgical therapy intervention has been demonstrated to provide clinical benefits that are superior to those that can be achieved with this drug. From the inception levelopa has been considered a symptomatic drug that acts by replacing the reduced levels of dopamine in the PD brain. Consistent with this interpretation, the drug tends to provide a rapid onset and transient benefit. However, there has long been a debate about whether levodopa also has toxic effects that might accelerate the rate of degeneration of dopamine neurons because of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals generated by its auto-oxidation and oxidative metabolism. The question has not been if levodopa is of value, but rather if a drug that provides similar benefits and does not undergo oxidative metabolism would provide a better long-term outcome. Understanding the properties of levodopa has been further complicated by an important clinical trial that raised the possibility that levodopa might have neuroprotective rather than toxic properties. In an attempt to resolve these issues, a recent doubleblind delayed-start study tested the possibility that levodopa has disease-modifying effects. The issue of whether levodopa has toxic or protective effects in addition to its symptomatic benefits is of great importance to clinicians for knowing how to best utilize the drug to obtain optimal long-term benefits for their patients.
Sub-pixel Optical Satellite Image Registration for Ground Deformation Using Deep Learning

Precise estimation of ground displacement at regional scales from optical satellite imagery is fundamental for the study of natural disasters, such as earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides, etc. Current methods make use of correlation techniques between two acquisitions in order to retrieve a fractional pixel shift. However, differences in local lighting conditions between two acquisitions can lead to differences in image reflectance, which in turn can bias the displacement estimate, especially in the sub-pixel domain. Data-driven methods may provide a way to overcome these errors. From the generation of a realistic simulated database based on Landsat-8 satellite image pairs with added simulated sub-pixel shifts, we developed a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) able to retrieve sub-pixel displacements.