Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Directivity optimisation of an array antenna with obstacles within its near field region

A method for synthesising an array antenna in order to obtain its maximum directivity, when the antenna is in the presence of perfectly electric conducting (PEC) bodies, is presented. The proposed solution is based on the generalised multipole technique (GMT) combined with an optimum directivity (OD) technique. A closed form formulation is presented together with results which demonstrate the scanning capabilities of the proposed method.
CMOS Ultra-Wideband Low Noise Amplifier Design

This paper presents the design of ultra-wideband low noise amplifier (UWB LNA). The proposed UWB LNA whose bandwidth extends from 2.5 GHz to 16 GHz is designed using a symmetric 3D RF integrated inductor. This UWB LNA has a gain of 11 ± 1.0 dB and a NF less than 3.3 dB. Good input and output impedance matching and good isolation are achieved over the operating frequency band. The proposed UWB LNA is driven from a 1.8 V supply. The UWB LNA is designed and simulated in standard TSMC 0.18 µm CMOS technology process.
Chinese Short Text Semanteme Analysis and Emotion Value Quantization Algorithm

With the development of social platform, the number of status people use to express their feelings is so large that the requirement for analyzing emotion value and emotion trend quantitatively is so hot. To meet this need, we propose a FSM based model aiming at the feature of short text in Chinese. And with it, we can then evaluate the emotion value in a scientific and quantitative way. Through experiments, we prove the accuracy and the efficiency of this model.
Economic Growth, Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions in China: A Cointegration Analysis

This paper studies the relationships between economic growth, energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions using an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) procedure and Engle-Granger causality test in China over the period 1965-2011. The empirical results show that GDP, energy and carbon emissions have appeared to be cointegrated. Moreover, there exists unidirectional causality from energy consumption to economic growth and carbon emissions to economic growth in short run. It has also been found that energy consumption and carbon emissions promote economic growth in long run. Some policy implications have been proposed finally.
RF performance degradation due to coupling of digital switching noise in lightly doped substrates

Coupling of digital switching noise to the silicon substrate can severely degrade the analog and RF performance in single-chip transceivers. To predict the degradation of the performance of RF circuits, modeling of the impact of substrate noise is absolutely necessary. Using measurements, this impact is modeled by the cascade of an attenuation through the substrate from the source of substrate noise to the RF circuit and the propagation through the RF circuit to its output. This approach has been validated with measurements on a 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS low-noise amplifier (LNA) and reveals insight in the mechanism of impact of substrate noise on RF circuits. In addition, impact of a real digital circuit is measured on a 0.18 /spl mu/m differential CMOS LNA.
Technical Advice: Statistical Process Control and Automatic/Engineering Process Control

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia QUESTION: RECENTLY, A CONSULTANT TOLD ME THAT AUTOMATIC PROCESS CONTROLLERS TINKER WITH THE PROCESS, LEADING TO OVERADJUSTMENT, WHICH HE SAID IS VERY BAD. HOWEVER, MY ENGINEERING CONTROL PEOPLE TELL ME THAT THE AUTOMATIC PROCESS CONTROLLERS ARE ESSENTIAL TO PROCESS OPERATION. CAN YOU EXPLAIN TO ME WHAT IS GOING ON? (Francesca Corlone, Reno, Nevada) Deming and his concern about process overadjustment or ‘‘tinkering’’ are at the heart of this discussion (see chapter 11 of Out of the Crisis). Deming’s funnel experiment is the classical way to demonstrate the adverse effects of overadjustment to an in-control process. However, the issues underlying this conversation run much deeper. A close reading of Out of the Crisis gives the impression that Deming believed that the proper use of Shewhart control charts could solve the majority of real industrial problems. People often refer to the use of control charts as an example of statistical process control (SPC). In reality, control charts are very poor control tools because they are passive, not active. Control charts react to process changes by providing a signal of an out-ofcontrol situation. The operator then must isolate the cause and correct the problem to bring the process back to the desired state. Generally, most control chart applications do not have an automatic mechanism for process correction. As a result, a process correction requires an operator search to determine the proper process adjustment. Basically, a control chart is a dead-band controller without the ability to make instantaneous process corrections via some formal control mechanism. Processes that lend themselves to an automatic process correction generally use more sophisticated control algorithms because the technology required to make automatic corrections allow such algorithms to be programmed easily. SPC makes sense as a control scheme if and only if the following conditions hold. First, the basic model underlying the process is
Future Study of Health Education System on the Path toward Globalization and Entrepreneurship in Iran, 2028 Horizon

introduction universities play a significantly important role in the development of societies. Furthermore, they have always been exposed to internal and external changes. Therefore, they are required to adapt themselves to the environment and its conditions in order to meet the needs and realize the values ​​of society. In this regard, Universities of Medical Sciences across the country have attempted to manage their paradigmatic transition to entrepreneurship in order to synchronize with global trends. so, this study aimed to evaluate the futures faced by the higher education system in Iran in the move toward third-generation universities and globalization, using the scenario planning approach. Methods In this research, a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods were used, in three phase: I: Identifying the variables affecting the future of medical education, II: Finalizing Key Factors for Prediction and Building Scenarios (Future Estimates), Phase III: Building the Future (Scenario-making) Results Five factors, which had high impact and possibility of occurrence, were selected as the final key factors in the movement of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences toward the third-generation university. A: The ability of the system to funding the university B: stabilization of long-term policy-making towards the realization of third-generation university C: the cultural and attitudinal infrastructures of university D: Status of hardware (equipment) and software (educational contents and processes) infrastructures in this regards. Conclusion Four compatible scenarios was extracted using the Scenario Wizard Software. 1. quick move toward the third-generation universities 2. opening the wing of e-learning and virtual schools 3. turtle movement 4. alert of moving backward to first-generation universities. It seems that a proper and principled policy-making for moving toward third-generation universities is an essential goal, hence the future of this path must be clarified and a joint vision must be created.
Low-frequency location of the leaky-wave poles for a dielectric layer

Explicit formulas are presented for the value of the complex longitudinal propagation constant beta -j alpha for the higher leaky modes of a dielectric layer in the low-frequency limit. The formulas give values for beta and alpha for both TE and TM modes and for the cases with and without a metal ground-plane backing. In addition to mathematical derivations, numerical comparisons that demonstrate the accuracy of the formulas derived are presented. The expressions derived for the phase and attenuation constants of the leaky waves become increasingly accurate as the frequency is lowered. >
Best Neighbor Heuristic Search for Finding Minimum Paths in Transportation Networks

For a wide range of transportation network path search problems, the A* heuristic significantly reduces both search effort and running time when compared to basic label-setting algorithms. The motivation for this research was to determine if additional savings could be attained by further experimenting with refinements to the A* approach. We propose a best neighbor heuristic improvement to the A* algorithm that yields additional benefits by significantly reducing the search effort on sparse networks. The level of reduction in running time improves as the average outdegree of the network decreases and the number of paths sought increases.
Operating Multiple Semi-Autonomous Robots: Monitoring, Responding, Detecting

The concept of one operator controlling multiple unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) robots is examined in a simulation of a multiple UGV search task. Semi-autonomous robotic UGVs were simulated searching for radioactive targets while operators performed various sub-tasks including monitoring status, responding to prompted target decision events, and detecting contextual errors. Participants executed a series of scenarios using 1, 2, or 4 UGVs simultaneously. The detection of contextual errors is particularly difficult when multiple vehicles are being supported. Specific interface features designed to assist with multiple vehicle operations are discussed including a quick video playback (QVP) function.
Development and enhancement of mobile robot arms for EOD applications

Autonomous Solutions has multiple projects involving mobile robot arms for EOD applications. This paper will describe 3 such projects. In the first, a 5 DOF robot arm of our own design is mounted on a 4-wheeled omni-directional platform. The arm is capable of lifting 100 pounds at close to full extension, and it can lift significantly more at shorter distances. The operator can specify either individual joint control or "fly the gripper" control, where the individual joint velocities are automatically calculated in response to commanded gripper velocities. In the second project, 3D data of a scene of interest is gathered and then presented to the EOD technician, along with a representation of the arm. The technician can then rotate the scene and arm to obtain the best possible view for the task. In the final project, a 3 DOF arm will be mounted to an omni-directional platform. The arm and platform will be treated as a single 6 DOF manipulator, and the operator will specify 6 DOF gripper velocity commands using a 6-axis input device, such as those used for solid modeling programs.
Synthesis and design of filters and multiplexers with acoustic transversal topology

Abstract The novel acoustic transversal topology has demonstrated to be a potential candidate for the development of the next generation of communication filters. The major asset of this topology is its capacity to achieve any filter response without the detriment of limited electro-acoustic coupling. Additionally, this topology prompts for an easy connection of different filters to create multiband and multiplexing responses. This study recalls and further details on the design of multiplexers based on transversal topology using bulk acoustic wave (BAW) or surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators. An important practical aspect of this topology is the need of a BALUN stage at one port of the filter. The use of the transversal topology is then applied to another type of acoustic resonator configuration, coupled resonator filter (CRF). Such a resonator configuration offers control over the phase of each transversal path, allowing us to eliminate the BALUN stage. CRF resonators are modeled by means of a different circuit model than BAW or SAW, which calls for a new synthesis procedure. This paper describes the synthesis approach and circuit transformation for the development of multiplexers based on the transversal arrangement of the CRF resonators. An example of a fully simulated 9-plexer is provided to verify this procedure.
Guidelines for defining a design standard for an electrical steering system

The objective of the research described in this paper, which was carried out in collaboration with the Fiat Auto Direzione Tecnica, was the definition and development of a technical design standard for an electrical power steering (EPS) system, a system mounted on the steering column which assists the driver in maintaining directional control of the vehicle, and the subsequent integration of this standard with existing Fiat Auto Standards. This work required the development of correlation and risk matrices, well-established methodologies used by the Fiat Auto Technical Memory.
Image-Based Parking Guiding Using Ackermann Steering Geometry

An image-based parking guiding system is proposed to help drivers to park their cars into parking space. The proposed system only relies on an embedded hardware and a wide-angle camera to capture images for analysis. The proposed system needs no steering sensor; itis a money-saved technique; moreover, it is suitable for used cars and after-market usage. The input image is first transformed into a top-view image by a transformation matrix of homography. Then corner feature points on two continuous images are extracted to match each other. The feature-point pairs are further pruned by a least-square error metrics. The remained feature-point pairs are then used to estimate the vehicle motion parameters, where a coordinate transformation model is used to model and simulate the Ackermann steering geometry to describe the vehicle motion. At last, the vehicle trajectory is generated based on the vehicle motion parameters and the parking guiding lines are drawn according to the vehicle trajectory.
An integrated 24‐GHz differential VCO using SiGe HBT technology

This letter presents the design and performance characteristics of an integrated 24‐GHz differential voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO). The developed VCO was implemented monolithically using the IBM BICMOS5HP process. Oscillator measured results show a tuning range of 1 GHz from 24.6 to 23.6 GHz with less than 1 dB variation in the differential output power over the entire tuning range. The fabricated VCO also exhibits a measured phase noise of −105 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz off the carrier. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2322–2325, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23666
Fault-Tolerant Reconfiguration Topology and Control Strategy for Symmetric Open-Winding Multiphase Machines

This article introduces a fault-tolerant reconfiguration topology and control strategy for symmetric open-winding multiphase machines. Bidirectional switching devices are proposed to connect the inverter bridge legs on different ends when the open-circuit fault occurs, and the reconfigured circuit can regenerate the missing voltage phasors due to the faults. Furthermore, to prevent overcurrent problems on the reconfigured bridge legs and maximize the torque output capability of the reconstructed system, winding currents are optimized with zero-sequence component injection during fault-tolerant operation. The experiments implemented on the five-phase system validate that the proposed fault-tolerant scheme is effective and has higher torque output capability compared with the traditional fault-tolerant solutions.
Extreme temperature 6H‐SiC JFET integrated circuit technology

Extreme temperature semiconductor integrated circuits (ICs) are being developed for use in the hot sections of aircraft engines and other harsh‐environment applications well above the 300 °C effective limit of silicon‐on‐insulator IC technology. This paper reviews progress by the NASA Glenn Research Center and Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) in the development of extreme temperature (up to 500 °C) integrated circuit technology based on epitaxial 6H‐SiC junction field effect transistors (JFETs). Simple analog amplifier and digital logic gate ICs fabricated and packaged by NASA have now demonstrated thousands of hours of continuous 500 °C operation in oxidizing air atmosphere with minimal changes in relevant electrical parameters. Design, modeling, and characterization of transistors and circuits at temperatures from 24 °C to 500 °C are also described. CWRU designs for improved extreme temperature SiC JFET differential amplifier circuits are demonstrated. Areas for further technology maturation, needed prior to beneficial system insertion, are discussed. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Methodology of processing experimental data in transient thermal nondestructive testing (NDT)

Noise which occurs in space and time temperature evolution is analyzed using three informative parameters: temperature signal over defect, running contrast, and normalized contrast. It is shown that the choice of optimum informative parameter depends on the kind of noise which dominates in a particular experiment. Decrease of noise by passing into time domain is demonstrated. A methodology for creating images of signal-to-noise ratio and probability of correct detection is proposed. Experimental validations were performed for plaster specimens. The proposed methodology allows us to compare various thermal NDT techniques.
A Retrospective on Undergraduate Engineering Success for Underrepresented Minority Students

This paper examines the various factors that contribute to the success of minority students in engineering programs by exploring past and current paradigms promoting success and analyzing models for advancing the participation of members of these populations. Included is a literature review of articles, government reports, Web sites, and archives published since 1980. Student success is correlated to several indicators, including pre‐college preparation, recruitment programs, admissions policies, financial assistance, academic intervention programs, and graduate school preparation and admission. This review suggests that the problem of minority underrepresentation and success in engineering is soluble given the appropriate resources and collective national “will” to propagate effective approaches.
Study on Droop Control Strategy with Application to Flywheel Energy Storage System

The flywheel energy storage technology is a kind of method that converts electrical energy into kinetic energy in store. The flywheel energy storage system (FESS) is usually used for renewable energy system such as wind turbine generator system (WTGS) to adjust the quality of output power. Droop control is a kind of control technology to regulate the active power and reactive power in micro-grid. In this paper, we introduced a method to combine the droop control with FESS and designed the control topology. The droop control method was applied to control the part of inverter in FESS. By controlling the output frequency and the voltage amplitude of WTGS-FESS system, we can regulate the output of the inverter as a promotion in smoother active power and reactive power.
Control of Knee Frontal Plane Moment via Modulation of Center of Pressure: A Prospective Gait Analysis Study

Objectives : Footwear-generated biomechanical manipulations (e.g., wedge insoles) have been shown to reduce the magnitude of adduction moment about the knee. The theory behind wedged insoles is that a more laterally shifted location of the center of pressure causes a smaller distance of the moment arm of the knee joint adduction moment during gait. However, the relationship between the center of pressure and the knee adduction moment remains to be determined. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the location of the center of pressure and the magnitude of the knee adduction moment during gait in healthy men. Methods : A novel foot-worn biomechanical device which allows controlled manipulation of the center of pressure location was utilized. Successive gait analysis testing was performed on 12 healthy men under four different conditions: control, neutral sagittal axis, center of pressure shifted medially and laterally from the functional sagittal axis. Results : The knee adduction moment during the stance phase significantly correlated with the shift of the center of pressure from the functional neutral sagittal axis in the frontal plane (i.e., from medial to lateral). The moment was reduced with the lateral sagittal axis configuration and augmented with the medial sagittal axis configuration. Conclusions : The study results confirm the hypothesis of a direct correlation between the coronal position of the biomechanical elements (location of the center of pressure) and the coronal kinetics of the knee. © 2008 ASME
A brief historical overview of the fatigue of railway axles

Abstract The history of railway axle design against fatigue is reviewed through a discussion of several notable accidents caused by broken axles. The earliest accidents prompted research into fatigue which resulted in a phenomenological understanding. In the last 50 years, largely through research directed towards the aircraft industry, fatigue has been recognized to be a process involving crack initiation and propagation. Fracture mechanics is now used to assist in the timing of crack inspection intervals, but a small number of failures still occur. The paper concludes with a short discussion of modern design methods, which have their origin in the nineteenth century. Some current pressures, particularly the need to reduce unsprung mass at high speeds, continue to challenge axle designers.
Comparison of quality management for externally sourced business services

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to investigate to what extent buying companies use quality management (QM) practices for their externally sourced business services (BS) and if differences between manufacturing and service as well as between large and small companies exist regarding their usage and effects.Design/methodology/approach – The researcher collected data from a total of 252 companies using an online survey. Significant differences in the data were identified using the Mann‐Whitney‐U test.Findings – The results show that significant differences exist in the adoption of QM practices for services and their effects on performance between manufacturing and service as well as large and small companies. Only minor differences could be detected, however, regarding barriers to QM implementation and its determinants.Research limitations/implications – The findings cast doubt on the notion of universal applicability of QM and suggest taking contextual factors into account when examining QM.Practical imp.
Toward Understanding Collaborative Design Center Trade Study Software Upgrade and Migration Risks

Collaborative design centers often employ software tools to conduct trade studies. Commonly, this takes the form of a software program to aggregate and pass data between multiple computer workstations. This allows multiple people to concurrently create a conceptual design. Trade study software continues to evolve to meet the demands of modern collaborative design centers. However, the risks associated with moving from one trade study software tool to another are not well understood. Additionally, little is known about the software preferences of Collaborative Design Center (CDC) staff. This paper determines software preferences of two user groups consisting of graduate and undergraduate mechanical engineering students. This paper then explores the risks in deploying new trade study software in a collaborative design center. A method for estimating and mitigating risks with changing trade study software is presented. Recommendations for a smooth transition between software packages are given. The risk model developed in this paper offers a quick way of estimating and mitigating conversion risk for collaborative design centers. © 2010 ASME