Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structured Literature Review of Design-Build/Bridging, Design-Bid-Build & Design-Build

This paper is a systematic literature review of journal papers and articles on the three project delivery systems (PDS), design-build/bridging (bridging), design-bid-build (DBB) and designbuild (DB). Mean estimated project cost, project schedule and market share for these three types of PDS were studied and a comparison is shown in this paper. Upon the comparative study, the benefits of bridging over DBB are outlined. The paper finds out that despite the benefits of bridging over DBB, very few projects in the industry have used this system as a choice of project delivery. This is due to lack of information on this project delivery method among the construction industry professionals. Hence, structured literature review, combined with cost and schedule data comparisons, has highlighted the advantages and disadvantages of the bridging method of project delivery. The scope of this research is limited to projects in the United States.
Spontaneous Remission of Cancer and Wounds Healing

The associativity of the spontaneous cancer remission with surgical trauma is considering in term of the competition of healing process outside the tumor for circulating morphogenic cells, providing proliferation in any tissues with high cells renewing, malignant preferably. The proposed competitive mechanism of Spontaneous cancer Remission phenomenon (SR) assumes the partial distraction the trophic supply from tumor to offside tissues priorities, like extremely high fetus growth, wound healing after incomplete resection, fight with infections, reparation of a multitude of non-malignant cells injured sub lethally by cytotoxic agents, and other kinds of an extra-consumption the host lymphopoietic resource mainly in the conditions of its current deficit. The definition of a reduction of tumor morphogenesis discusses as preferable instead of the activation of anticancer immunity. Pending further developments, it assumes that the nature of the SR phenomenon is similar to the rough exhaustion of lymphopoiesis at conventional cytotoxic therapy. The main task for future investigations for more reproducible SR is to elucidate of the phase of a cyclic lymphopoietic process that is optimal for surgery outside the tumor as well as for other activities, provoked morphogenesis in surrounding tissues.
IN ADULT POPULATION OF LAHORE THE PREVALENCE OF DIABETES MELLITUS AND IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERENCE TEST

Objective: The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance test (IGT) and diabetes in the population of Lahore using a (FPPPG) flexible postprandial plasma glucose test as a screening test. Study design: A cross-sectional study. Place and duration: In the Endocrinology department of Services Hospital Lahore for one year duration from March 2018 to March 2019. Methodology: 938 subjects were selected randomly; 406 of them were male, 532 were female. All were analyzed with FPPPG test by sampling time from 30 to 120 minutes after breakfast / snack / lunch. Results: Of the 406 men, (81%) 329 were normal, diabetic were 36 (8.87%) and IGT in 41 (10.1%) in the, and of the 532 women 329 were found normal, 66 (12.4%) had diabetes and (13.72%)73 had deteriorated glucose tolerance test. Conclusion: The overall diabetes mellitus prevalence for the population of Lahore was 10.87% and IGT in 12.15%.
Gelatin Allergy as Cause for Repeated Severe Anaphylaxis after Administration of a Rabies Vaccine

Since the pioneering work of Jenner, Koch and Pasteur, vaccines have represented the most effective method of preventing the spread of many infectious diseases. Unfortunately, vaccines can cause side effects or adverse events. In the majority of these cases the reactions are limited to the site of the injection; they usually result from a non-specific activation of the immune system and do not need further investigation. If however an allergy is suspected there is a need for further diagnostic exams. In theory every component of a vaccine can cause an adverse event or an allergic reaction; in general the reactions are due to the additional elements in the vaccine, such as egg protein, antibiotics, phenol red, polysorbate or polygelin. Reactions caused by the active or non-active viral or bacterial particles are rare. We are reporting the case of a 21-year old soldier, who suffered from repeated allergic reactions after the administration of a rabies vaccine that contained polygelin.
A Survey on Drops: Division and Replication of Data in Cloud for Optimal Performance and Security

: Features of cloud storage system allow the users to work with the data without any trouble of the resources. As the Private data stored in the cloud may be tampered by hackers or unauthorized users, it needs high security for maintaining the data secrecy. This paper reviews Division and Replication of Data in the Cloud for Optimal Performance and Security (DROPS) that collectively approaches the security and performance issues in cloud. DROPS divide a file into fragments, and replicate the fragmented data over the cloud nodes. Only a single fragment of a particular file is stored on each node. This ensures no meaningful information is revealed to the attacker, even he got success with his attack. Moreover the fragments holding nodes are separated by T-coloring technique to minimize the chance of guessing the fragments locations by the attacker. This system enhances the data security and performance of cloud storage.
A Master of Science project submitted to the Graduate Program at the Institute of Physics, University of Sao Paulo Title: Assessing wildfire radiative power and pollution in the Amazon Basin

Deforestation in the Amazon is currently the most significant source of greenhouse gas emissions in Brazil. Anthropic wildfires are routinely used in the region as a land-clearing tool for the economic exploitation of forest goods and land. Tracking the temporal evolution of wildfire emitted radiant power enables the estimation of the amount of gas and smoke emitted during combustion processes. This project will combine orbital retrievals of Amazon wildfire radiative power, area, and temperature with fire emission inventories to investigate gas and particle emission in case studies. Time series at high temporal resolution (10-15 minutes) and 2 km nominal spatial resolution will be used to study wildfire dynamics according to biome type, and season of the year. By integrating the radiative power over time, the total emitted energy will be calculated. Gas and particulate matter emission estimates will be derived from the total emitted energy and from the instantaneous radiative power, depending on requirements set by different fire emission inventories. The results will be compared to independent ground and space-borne derived retrievals, and with the published literature. The goals that will be sought by this project will bring new insights about emissions due to biomass burning events in the Amazon, potentially helping to develop monitoring and conservation strategies for the emission of greenhouse gases and smoke in the region.
RAPID COMMUNICATION Temporal Association of CD40 Antigen Expression With Discrete Stages of Human B-Cell Ontogeny and the Efficacy of Anti-CD40 Immunotoxins Against Clonogenic B-Lineage Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia as Well as B-Lineage Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Cells

Detailed immunophenotypic analyses of immunologically classified leukemias and lymphomas showed that CD40 displays an exquisite 6-lineage specificity within the human lymphopoietic system. Notably, 82% of B-lineage chronic lymphocytic leukemias (CLLs), 82% of B-lineage hairy cell leukemias (HCLs), 86% of B-lineage non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHLs), and 29% of B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALLs) were CD40’. Quantitative analyses of the correlated expression of CD40 and other B-lineage differentiation antigens on fetal lymphoid precursor cells by multiparameter two-color/three-color flow cytometry, combined with analyses of sequential antigen expression on fluorescence-activated cell fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) isolated immunologically distinct fetal B-cell precursor subpopulations during in vitro proliferation and differentiation, provided evidence that the acquisition of CD40 antigen in human 6-cell ontogeny occurs subsequent
CMAR_A_269050 12583..12591

*These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is widely known as the major cause of cervical cancer and there are notable differences in HR-HPV prevalence and genotype distribution in different populations. Women with abnormal cervical cytology are at increased risk of cervical cancer; however, the genotype distribution of HR-HPV in women with abnormal cervical cytology remains unclear. Methods: A total of 2,300 women with abnormal cervical cytology (from 39,988 women completing a baseline survey in a cohort established during June 2014 to December 2014) were enrolled in this study. All participants gave informed consent and completed a questionnaire about characteristics related to HPV infection. HPV genotypes were identified using flow-through hybridization, and cytology was assessed by the ThinPrep cytological test. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 for Windows. Results: The overall prevalence of HR-HPV in the 2,300 women with abnormal cervical cytology was 32%, with single and multiple HR-HPV infections making up 70.2% and 29.8%, respectively. The top-five HR-HPV genotypes were HPV16 (13.5%), HPV58 (5.7%), HPV52 (4.9%), HPV53 (2.5%), and HPV51 (2.3%). The prevalence of HR-HPV in atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or higher was 30.8%, 36.5%, and 54.9%, respectively, showing an increasing trend with severity of cervical cytology (χtrend=13.952, p<0.001). The prevalence of HPV16 and HPV33 increased significantly with the degree of cytological abnormality. HRHPV infection risk was statistically higher in women aged 35–45 years, with low education, infrequent bathing, multiple gravidity, multiple parity, history of gynecological diseases, and premenopause. Conclusion: HR-HPV infection in women with abnormal cervical cytology was 32%, and the top-five HR-HPV genotypes were HPV16, HPV58, HPV52, HPV53, and HPV51 in Shanxi Province, China. These results shed light on demographic and behavioral characteristics related to HR-HPV infection in women with abnormal cervical cytology and provide an insight for the development of HPV vaccines.
Retrospective, Observational Study in Patients With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Variations in the Number of Thoracic and Lumbar Vertebrae

Background: Abnormal anatomy is a contributory factor to wrong-level surgery. Variations in the number of vertebrae in populations from different races and geographical regions have been described. A ~10% prevalence of variations in number of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients has been previously reported. The objectives of present study were (i) to find out the prevalence of variations in the number of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and the presence of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV) in Indian AIS patients and (ii) to correlate these variations with gender and type of curve. Methods: Hospital records and imaging of 198 AIS patients were reviewed retrospectively. A standardized numbering strategy was used to identify the number of thoracic vertebrae, number of lumbar vertebrae, and presence of LSTV. Patients’ gender and curve type were correlated with the presence of an abnormal number of thoracic or lumbar vertebrae. Radiology reports and operation notes were reviewed to find out instances when the radiologist or surgeon had identified an abnormal number of vertebrae. Results: Forty patients (20.2%) with abnormally numbered thoracic or lumbar vertebrae were identified. Twenty patients (10.1%) had abnormally numbered thoracic vertebrae, and 33 patients (16.7%) had abnormally numbered lumbar vertebrae. The prevalence of LSTV was 18.2%. Presence of variations did not correlate with gender or curve type. Radiology reports identified 2/40 patients with variations, whereas operation notes showed 4/40 patients had been correctly identified to have abnormally numbered vertebrae. Conclusions: There is high prevalence of variation in the number of thoracic or lumbar vertebrae in AIS patients, with most of those missed being identified by radiologists or surgeons. The patient’s preoperative imaging must be scrutinized to identify these patients and take the variation into account to avoid wrong selection of fusion levels. Level of Evidence: 3. Clinical Relevance: Text. The study raises awareness about possibility of wrong selection in fusion levels due to anatomical variations in surgery for AIS. Other & Special Categories
Enhanced Performance Of CPW-Fed Circularly Polarized MIMO Antenna

The circularly polarized MIMO(multiple input multiple output ) antenna is used to improve the bandwidth.The antenna is based on coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed monopole extension of an microstrip line. The orthogonal field components required by circular polarization are induced by using a modified left/right side ground plane. In specific, a stub extending from the ground plane along with the length of the microstrip line is vertical component and the current along the width of the ground plane is horizontal component. A coplanar waveguide feeding is used with asymmetrical ground planes along the longitudinal axis of the microstrip line. One side of the ground plane is etched to create a loop-like path for the current flow. The proposed MIMO antenna features |S11| ≤ 10 dB and |S21| ≤ 22 dB from 5.1 GHz to 6.4 GHz. The antenna can operate in either uni-directional or bi-directional characteristics. It also includes multiple commerical application band like WLAN,ISM higher bands and U-NII bands.
Memristor: The Enabler for Processing-in-Memory

This paper briefly discusses a new architecture, Computation-In-Memory (CIM Architecture), which performs “processing-in-memory”. It is based on the integration of storage and computation in the same physical location (crossbar topology) and the use of non-volatile resistive-switching technology (memristive devices or memristors in short) instead of CMOS technology. The architecture has the potential of improving the energy-delay product, computing efficiency and performance area by at least two orders of magnitude.
Darrel (2016) Risk analysis for smart homes and domestic robots using robust shape and physics descriptors, and complex boosting techniques. Information

In this paper, the notion of risk analysis within 3D scenes using vision based techniques is introduced. In particular the problem of risk estimation of indoor environments at the scene and object level is considered, with applications in domestic robots and smart homes. To this end, the proposed Risk Estimation Framework is described, which provides a quantiﬁed risk score for a given scene. This methodology is extended with the introduction of a novel robust kernel for 3D shape descriptors such as 3D HOG and SIFT3D, which aims to reduce the eﬀects of outliers in the proposed risk recognition methodology. The Physics Behaviour Feature (PBF) is presented, which uses an object’s angular velocity obtained using Newtonian physics simulation as a descriptor. Furthermore, an extension of boosting techniques for learning is suggested in the form of the novel Complex and Hyper-Complex Adaboost, which greatly increase the computation eﬃciency of the original technique. In order to evaluate the proposed robust descriptors an enriched version of the 3D Risk Scenes (3DRS) dataset with extra objects, scenes and meta-data was utilised. A comparative study was conducted demonstrating that the suggested approach outperforms current state-of-the-art descriptors.
Volatile compounds in the vehicle-interior: Odorants of an aqueous cavity preservation and beyond

The smell of the vehicle-interior of cars, especially new cars, can be very distinct. Amongst other sources, we here discuss one material aspect that has hitherto not been further considered: the odour of an aqueous cavity preservation may be perceived in the vehicle interior as volatile compounds of the anti-corrosion agent can easily penetrate the vehicle cabin. To investigate the respective odour-active compounds, an automotive wax-based aqueous cavity preservation was analysed by extracting the volatiles with dichloromethane, followed by isolation of volatiles via solvent-assisted flavour evaporation. Screening via gas chromatography-olfactometry revealed eleven odour-active compounds, of which γ-lactones and carboxylic acids exhibited high odour potency. The results are discussed in relation to other studies focusing on the odorants of materials in the vehicleinterior, where mainly plastics and seat covers have been investigated so far. It is interesting to note that γ-lactones like γ-nonalactone and carboxylic acids like butanoic acid have also been reported in these studies, suggesting that, due to their diverse material sources, these substance classes generally contribute to the odour of the vehicle-interior.
Pattern of relapse following three-field lymphadenectomy of esophageal carcinoma and related factors predictive of recurrence

Background: For treatment of esophageal carcinoma, the optimal postoperative radiotherapy target volume after three-field lymph node dissection(3-FLD) had not been determined. We analyzed local recurrence pattern of thoracic esophageal carcinoma and risk factors of lymph node recurrence after 3-FLD without prophylactic radiotherapy. Methods: We reviewed 1282 patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) who were treated with 3-FLD without radiotherapy from 2010 to 2018 and analysed local recurrence patterns and risk factors of lymph node recurrence, in order to provide a reference for determination of the radiotherapy target volume for thoracic ESCC. Results: The lymph node recurrence accounted for 91.0% of treatment failures. The mediastinal, cervical and abdominal lymph node recurrence rates were 85.2%, 36.5% and 22.4%, respectively,(x 2 =264.596, P=0.000). The superior, middle and inferior mediastinal lymph node recurrence rates were 67.54%, 27.87% and 0.98%, respectively(x 2 =313.600, P=0.000). In a multivariate analysis, Cevical metastases were significantly associated with N stage and Preoperative cevical lymph node status. Abdominal metastases were significantly associated with the number of preoperative abdominal lymph node metastases( LNM), tumor location and N stage. Conclusions: The main pattern of local-regional recurrence might be lymph node metastasis after radical 3-FLD without radiotherapy in esophageal carcinoma. The dangerous lymph node recurrence regions included neck, superior and middle mediastinum. Radiologist might took the number of pre-operative abdominal lymph nodes and tumor location into consideration while delineating the target area of abdominal region .
Risdiplam in adult non-sitter patients with 5q spinal muscular atrophy: a non-interventional, single centre, observational cohort study

Objective To describe the safety and efficacy of risdiplam in non sitter adult patients with 5q spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Methods Type 2 SMA adult patients, who were not eligible for nusinersen, were offered risdiplam through the expanded access program. Patients were followed up with a battery of scales and clinical measures. Results Six non-sitter patients (17 to 46 years old) were treated with risdiplam. One patient reported mild adverse events (dyspepsia and headache). After one year of treatment, all patients showed clinically meaningful improvements in at least one scale and none of them showed any clinically meaningful deterioration. Two patients showed a clinically significant increase in the body mass index and other two in the revised upper limb module. Moreover, clinically meaningful improvements were found in motor (axial and upper limbs), bulbar (speech and swallowing) and respiratory (coughing) domains of functional scales, in five patients. Four subjects achieved at least one of the goals set with the goal attainment scale (GAS). Discussion This series suggests the safety and efficacy of risdiplam in non sitter adult SMA patients. In these patients, functional scales and GAS are more appropriate than motor scales to detect changes, because they include axial, bulbar and respiratory domains.
Pesticide resistance in arthropods: Ecology matters too

Abstract Pesticide resistance development is an example of rapid contemporary evolution that poses immense challenges for agriculture. It typically evolves due to the strong directional selection that pesticide treatments exert on herbivorous arthropods. However, recent research suggests that some species are more prone to evolve pesticide resistance than others due to their evolutionary history and standing genetic variation. Generalist species might develop pesticide resistance especially rapidly due to pre‐adaptation to handle a wide array of plant allelochemicals. Moreover, research has shown that adaptation to novel host plants could lead to increased pesticide resistance. Exploring such cross‐resistance between host plant range evolution and pesticide resistance development from an ecological perspective is needed to understand its causes and consequences better. Much research has, however, been devoted to the molecular mechanisms underlying pesticide resistance while both the ecological contexts that could facilitate resistance evolution and the ecological consequences of cross‐resistance have been under‐studied. Here, we take an eco‐evolutionary approach and discuss circumstances that may facilitate cross‐resistance in arthropods and the consequences cross‐resistance may have for plant–arthropod interactions in both target and non‐target species and species interactions. Furthermore, we suggest future research avenues and practical implications of an increased ecological understanding of pesticide resistance evolution.
Nanofibers in Respiratory Masks: An Alternative to Prevent Pathogen Transmission

Recent global outbreak of COVID-19 has raised serious awareness about our abilities to protect ourselves from hazardous pathogens and volatile organic compounds. Evidence suggests that personal protection equipment such as respiratory masks can radically decrease rates of transmission and infections due to contagious pathogens. To increase filtration efficiency without compromising breathability, application of nanofibers in production of respiratory masks have been proposed. The emergence of nanofibers in the industry has since introduced a next generation of respiratory masks that promises improved filtration efficiency and breathability via nanometric pores and thin fiber thickness. In addition, the surface of nanofibers can be functionalized and enhanced to capture specific particles. In addition to conventional techniques such as melt-blown, respiratory masks by nanofibers have provided an opportunity to prevent pathogen transmission. As the surge in global demand for respiratory masks increases, herein, we reviewed recent advancement of nanofibers as an alternative technique to be used in respiratory mask production.