Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of lygus SSP. feeding on the anatomy of the cotton squares in correlation with electrical penetrating graph

EFFECT OF LYGUS SPP. FEEDING ON THE ANATOMY OF THE COTTON SQUARES IN CORRELATION WITH ELECTRICAL PENETRATING GRAPH Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) (Hemiptera: Miridae) is a key pest affecting cotton, Gossypium spp. , and is widely distributed in the U.S., especially in the eastern and mid-southern states. Nearly 53% of U.S. acres of cotton were infested by Lygus spp. in 2002 and caused a yield reduction of 0.72%. An individual lygus bug is potentially capable of destroying up to 23,400 cotton squares per hectare. The amount of damage in cotton squares depends on the life stages of the lygus bug. Fifth instar nymphs are more aggressive feeders than third instar nymphs and adults, hence, cause more economic loss. In this research, a time course study was performed in order to better understand nymphal lygus damage in relation to anatomical changes to cotton squares over time. A standardized 4 hours (hrs) of L. lineolaris probing was repeatedly applied to each of multiple cotton squares. The samples were held for varying time periods of 0, 4, 12, and 24 hrs. The tissue samples were then prepared for light microscopy to examine the anatomical changes. The feeding damages observed were grossly enlarged empty spaces, varying amounts of cellular degradation and discoloration of tissues. Also, fifth instar feeding showed the histological signs of tannin accumulation as a defense response in all treatments. In contrast, the tissues from the healthy cotton squares did not show any sign of the above feeding damage. The damage decreased after 24 hrs, which shows possible plant healing response. Eeva Sharma December 2016 EFFECT OF LYGUS SPP. FEEDING ON THE ANATOMY OF THE COTTON SQUARES IN CORRELATION WITH ELECTRICAL PENETRATING GRAPH
Cycads and the Origin of Insect Pollination

The vast Victorian glasshouse of the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, Lon don, shelters a unique nineteenth century collection of living cycads, a small group of cone-bearing, palm like plants of the tropics and subtrop ics. Included is one large specimen of Encephalartos woodii, which, like the passenger pigeon in the Cincinnati Zoo at the turn of this century, is the sole surviving member of its species. Unlike the pigeon, however, this plant still lives, and its offshoots have given rise to a clone of specimens which now are featured in botanical gardens the world over (Fig. 1). Un fortunately, all the world's speci mens of E. woodii are male, and al though reports of sex reversal in cycads are sometimes heard, such a reversal has never been reported in E. woodii. All but a few cycads are rare, and the existence in the wild of at least a third of these species is in grave jeopardy. Some are victims of collectors' mania, but most are en dangered, along with much of the natural vegetation of the tropics, by the growing demand for farmland, fuelwood, and lumber. Cycads can, therefore, justifiably claim our interest if only because of their rarity and uncertain future. A further and possibly more important consideration is their value to stu dents of plant evolution, for they appear but little changed from ances tors that flourished along with dino saurs and our own insectivorous an
Nanocrystal cellulose as drug excipient in transdermal patch for wound healing: an overview

Wound must be carefully treated to avoid serious infection that needs costly treatment. Method to enhance the recovery of the wound is crucial to have effective wound treatment. One of the technologies in wound treatment is transdermal patch that has the benefits of being non-invasive, easy to handle and permits constant drug dosage. In order to obtain a good controlled drug release, drug excipient needs to be investigated. Recently, natural Nanocrystal Cellulose (NCC) which can be synthesized from animal, algae, microorganism or plant has been actively used in drug delivery system as excipient. The application of NCC is advantageous due to its large surface area, biodegradable, non-toxic and abundance source.
A Review of Galactic Millisecond Pulsar Searches

Since the discovery of the first millisecond pulsar in 1982, the main discoveries of more of these exotic objects have come in two bursts. The first followed the realization late in the decade that they might be formed readily in globular clusters and resulted in the discovery of about two dozen objects in these clusters between 1987 and 1990. The second burst started shortly after this as improved computer technology permitted widespread searches of the Galaxy with high sensitivity and is continuing at the present time. This paper describes the main successful surveys for these galactic millisecond pulsars of which 29 are now known. 21 of these are in circular orbits with low-mass companion stars. The large number of objects now available allows a number of firm statistical trends to be seen which all point to an evolutionary phase of these systems involving the spin-up of old neutron stars during the accretion of matter from less evolved companions during their giant phase. Surveys of the present generation are still very insensitive to short period pulsars or highly accelerated pulsars in close or massive binary systems, limitations which should be removed in future years.
Hollow cone sieve for top tagging

A method of top tagging is introduced. Using the anti-kt algorithm to define jets, events with nj = 2 fat jets of cone size R = 1.5 are decomposed into R = 0.6 sub-jets and retained if nj (R= 0.6) \geq 4 . One pair of sub-jets reconstructs the W-mass and another jet is tagged as a b-jet, as necessary for hadronic or semileptonic events of tt origin. This 'hollow cone' method distinguishes the tt events from the light parton QCD dijet events. Our simulations are made for the LHC at 7 TeV.
Terahertz Generation Based on Cascaded Difference Frequency Generation with Periodically-poled KTiOPO 4

Terahertz (THz) generation by periodically-poled KTiOPO4 (PPKTP) with a quasi-phase-matching scheme based on cascaded difference frequency generation (DFG) processes is theoretically analyzed. The cascaded Stokes interaction processes and the cascaded anti-Stokes interaction processes are investigated from coupled wave equations. THz intensities and quantum conversion efficiency are calculated. Compared with non-cascaded DFG processes, THz intensities from 10-order cascaded DFG processes are increased to 5.53. The quantum conversion efficiency of 479.4% in cascaded processes, which exceeds the Manley-Rowe limit, can be realized.
Microablation of gold nanolayers by direct write lithography

The laser ablation is widely used for the formation of metal nanoparticles, nanorods, nanodisks, nano-networks and polymeric microchannels. This paper reviews the results obtained when using of the microablation of the gold layers that are tens of nanometer think deposited on various transparent surfaces, such as Poly(tert-butyl methacryalate), Poly(methyl methacrylate) -PMMA, Polydioxymethyl siloxane, PDMS, and glass, with a low power laser (low fluences of 4-500 µJ/cm2, 337nm wavelength and 4ns pulses). The microablation results in the preferential formation of gold wire-like nanostructures at the edges and across the ablated channels on PMMA and PTBMA; and of gold nanoparticles on glass and PDMS. This contrasting behavior is explained by the presence of gas-generating pyrolysis on PMMA or PTBMA as opposed to lack of it on glass and PDMS.
Advances in Learning, Teaching and Technology: Professional Learning Community at Work

Technology helps people learn, be creativ e, and become players and communicators in a global village. Being on the Internet allows stu dents of all ages to engage in knowledge building on a worldwide stage. New learning opport unities may never reach students in high poverty or isolated schools except through the use of technology. The focus of this paper will be on the principles and technologies that enhance the opportunities for student-centered learning. The first part of this paper will discuss research- validated principles that influence learning, key issues in using educational technology to support l earner-centered principles and practices, and criteria for doing technology evaluation. It is im portant for educators to understand factors for maximizing student learning and motivation with ins truction that (1) is meaningful and relevant from the individual learner's perspective, (2) prov ides appropriate learning challenges and standards, (3) accommodates needs to be supported i
The Thrust of Nigeria's Foreign Policy in the Future

Foreign policy, if it means anything is the strategy of defending a nation's national interest through diplomacy. When diplomacy fails the same interest may be defended through war and the force of arms. The question then is what constitutes Nigeria's national interests. Our national interests are internal cohesion, national unity, the creation of a happy and egalitarian society, the creation of a state where career is open to talents and where there IS employment for those who want to work and where there are the traditional freedoms of speech, political association, religion and equality before the Law, coupled with this is the defense of the humanity and rights of all black men through deliberate action and policies. These to me constitute our national interest. Once we agree about our national interest then it follows that these national interests are worth defending.
Research and Implementation of Object Tracking

Aiming at the problems that the traditional MeanShift has a singleness feature, this paper introduces depth feature based on binocular vision, thus proposes a depth feature based real-time MeanShift tracking algorithm. Firstly, a similarity measurement method based on advanced quadratic-form distance is put forward. Secondly, the self-adaptive adjustment mechanism of feature weight coefficient and updating strategy of object model are improved based on the color and depth features. Finally, the algorithm is simulated by Matlab. Results show that the proposed algorithm performs well in tracking accuracy, robustness.
PLC-Enabled Low Voltage Distribution Network Topology Monitoring

Keeping track of low voltage (LV) topology has always been a challenge; tracking the connecrivity would traditionally involve relying on field reports, which is both expensive and error prone. Recent developments in the area tend to either be costly to implement or assume a lack of unregistered consumers. In this paper, the authors propose a novel, robust method of tracking and identifying LV topology changes in power distribution networks containing unmetered loads. The approach employs machine learning (ML). The performance of the method is demonstrated using energy and topology data from an actual advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) located in Toruń, Poland.
Molecular switching with strong electron-phonon interaction

We have shown that the attractive electron correlations caused by a strong electron-phonon interaction (EPI) in molecular quantum dots (MQDs) weakly coupled with the leads provide a switching effect, when the current-voltage characteristics show two branches with high and low current for the same voltage. Key features of polaronic correlated transport in degenerate MQDs are briefly reviewed fully taking into account both the Coulomb repulsion and EPI. Switching shows up when the effective interaction of polarons is attractive and the state of the dot is multiple degenerate.
Compact gamma detectors based on FBK SiPMs for a Ps Time Of Flight apparatus

Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) are single-photon detectors currently used in many applications as a valid alternative to Photomultiplier Tubes (PMTs). In fact, SiPMs present several advantages compared to PMTs, in terms of size, ruggedness, insensitivity to magnetic fields and voltage supply. In this work, we evaluated the use of SiPMs produced by FBK (Fondazione Bruno Kessler)-AdvanSid (Trento, Italy) in Positronium Time Of Flight (Ps TOF) technique. The aim of this technique is the study of the energy of Ps emitted by porous media for advanced experiments in the field of antimatter physics and, in the future, for open porosities characterization. The TOF spectrometer in operation at the positron beam of the University of Trento (Italy) is based on five gamma detectors composed of NaI(Tl) scintillators coupled to PMTs. We compared the performance of one of these standard detectors against a detector formed by two 4 × 4 mm2 SiPMs coupled to a 4 × 4 × 30 mm3 LYSO (Cerium-doped Lutetium Yttrium Orthosilicate) scintillator. The LYSO+SiPM detector was characterized for timing and energy resolution as well as for the background emission level. It is shown that SiPMs, thanks to their small size and versatility, can be coupled successfully to small scintillators, obtaining more compact detectors with respect to the NaI(Tl)+PMT detectors. The design of an array of detectors with wide angular acceptance and spatial resolution is discussed in order to improve the performances of Ps-TOF setups.
The relationship between the matrices of the two analyses (SVD) and (GSVD)

In this paper we will search in analysis the matrices (SVD) and (GSVD) in terms of the relationship between their matrices after touching and briefly about the idea of each. Where we will two analyze matrices A(m, p) and B(n, p) using the techniques above and we compare between each of the two analyzes ‘for the purpose of reaching a final relationship connecting between the matrices of the two analyze. This relationship can be utilized it in image processors, encryption and image enhancement as well as text and video. Perhaps in a later research we will focus on determining the relationships between the matrices of other analyzes such as (QR) and (LU) analysis.
Further results on H∞ filtering for discrete‐time systems with state delay

This article studies the problem of H∞ filtering for linear discrete‐time systems with state delay. Via delay partitioning idea, two new H∞ filter design methods are proposed with much less conservatism than most existing results. The improvement lies in constructing two new Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals by partitioning the known constant lower bound of delay into several segments equally. Using free‐weighting matrix and Jensen inequality methods, two new delay‐dependent bound real lemmas (BRLs) are obtained, which depend on both the delay and the partitioning number. Based on the obtained BRLs, new H∞ filter design approaches are proposed in terms of linear matrix inequalities. The results are immediately extended to multiple time delay case and polytopic uncertain case, respectively. Three numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness and advantage of the proposed approaches. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling of Transition Processes in a Partially Invariant Center of Mass Motion Stabilization System

The publication suggests how to significantly improve the spacecraft centre of mass movement stabilization accuracy in the active phases of trajectory correction during interplanetary and transfer flights, which in some cases provides for high navigation accuracy, when rigid trajectory control method is used. The required stability conditions obtained are consistent with the known criteria in the invariant theory. Computer modelling shows that in a partially invariant stabilization system reveals the significant advantages of such a system in terms of greater accuracy when compared to known stabilization systems.
A numerical method for the determination of a piecewise-constant conductivity

In the context of EEG, the head is usually modelized by disjoint coated domains (brain, skull, scalp.), in each of them the conductivity is constant. We present in this paper a numerical method to determine this conductivity, based on the Kohn-Vogelius cost function and using BIE as discretisation method to solve direct problems.
Event-triggered proportional-derivative control for nonlinear network systems with a novel event-triggering scheme: Differential of triggered state consideration

This article proposes event-triggered proportional-derivative control for a class of nonlinear network control systems. For derivative action of the proposed proportional-derivative control, a novel event-triggering scheme is devised together with the control that considers a differential of a triggered state. The class of the nonlinear network systems is represented as a Lur’e system to consider various nonlinear cases. Time varying transmission delay is considered which can be defined by lower and upper delay bounds. The proposed proportional-derivative control is designed by Lyapunov–Krasovskii stability analysis, and the design condition is presented by linear matrix inequalities. The proposed event-triggered proportional-derivative control and event-triggering condition are verified with numerical simulation.
Conjectures for the first perimeter moment of directed animals

Using computer enumerations and a rational approximant method of series analysis, we conjecture an expression for the first perimeter moment of directed animals on the square lattice which are confined in a strip of a given width with open boundary conditions. When the width tends to infinity, the conjecture leads to an algebraic series for the first perimeter moment of directed animals on one-half of the square lattice, similar to Conway's earlier conjecture for the whole square lattice.
A fast calibration method of the robot’s 3D vision system

Calibration accuracy and convenience are very important for the rapid production of vision-based robots. Although there are many calibration methods for the 3D vision system, the convenience of calibration cannot meet the needs of industrial sites. In this paper, we propose a fast calibration method based on a 3D calibration block. Its key point is to complete the calibration process through multiple space point constraints, and the space points used are jointly solved by multiple planes obtained by local point cloud fitting. The experimental results show that the proposed method can quickly complete the calibration of the robot’s 3D vision system, and the calibration accuracy can meet low precision occasions.
An investigation of the impedance properties of gold nanoparticles

Over recent years there has been rapid growth in the research being carried out on nanoparticles. In the field of medical imaging, this interest has focussed primarily on the potential for drug delivery and using nanoparticles as a contrast agent, e.g. super-paramagnetic iron-oxide (SPIO) particles in MRI. More recently gold nanoparticles have been used in radiotherapy treatment of tumours to provide dose enhancement by increasing the efficacy of the radiation absorption. Nanoparticles coated with molecules such as glucose or cancer-specific antibodies can be directed towards specific cancer cells in vivo. Such targeting combined with the properties of nanoparticles shows great promise for localised therapy of tumours while leaving neighbouring healthy tissue unaffected. However, on the nanoparticle scale of sub-100nm the weighting of various factors and inter-atomic interactions which determine the bulk properties of a material changes. Many properties of the bulk material no longer hold. As such, each aspect of nanoparticle behaviour must be investigated afresh to explore the full extent of their potential. The property of nanoparticles we wish to explore and characterise is impedance. Bulk gold is well known to be highly conductive. If this were to remain the case on the nanoscale, it could be highly effective as a contrast agent for electrical impedance tomography, particularly when combined with tumour targeting.
Simulation and modeling of synuclein-based ‘protofibril' structures: as a means of understanding the molecular basis of Parkinson's disease

The protein α-synuclein (aS) is a 140 amino acid cytosolic protein of unknown function expressed abundantly in neurons and is associated with both environmentally induced and inherited forms of Parkinson's disease, the neurological disorder caused by progressive death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Here we demonstrate that aS aggregation leads to protofibril formation that accompanies aS binding to membranes. The specific surfaces of aS that bind to membranes are likely developed during the folding maturation process, where the 3D combinations of amino acids that are bound to these surfaces are very specific. Using molecular modeling and simulation technique, we elucidate the folding pathway of aS into protofibril structures and its configurations that bind to membranes. These membrane-binding surfaces can be targeted with pharmaceutical intervention for dissolution.
A high-efficiency, low-noise power solution for a dual-channel GNSS RF receiver

A high-efficiency low-noise power solution for a dual-channel GNSS RF receiver is presented. The power solution involves a DC—DC buck converter and a followed low-dropout regulator (LDO). The pulse-width-modulation (PWM) control method is adopted for better noise performance. An improved low-power high-frequency PWM control circuit is proposed, which halves the average quiescent current of the buck converter to 80 μA by periodically shutting down the OTA. The size of the output stage has also been optimized to achieve high efficiency under a light load condition. In addition, a novel soft-start circuit based on a current limiter has been implemented to avoid inrush current. Fabricated with commercial 180-nm CMOS technology, the DC—DC converter achieves a peak efficiency of 93.1% under a 2 MHz working frequency. The whole receiver consumes only 20.2 mA from a 3.3 V power supply and has a noise figure of 2.5 dB.
Chemical mechanical planarization of amorphous Ge2Sb2Te5 with a soft pad

Chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) of amorphous Ge2Sb2Te5 (a-GST) is investigated using two typical soft pads (politex REG and AT) in acidic slurry. After CMP, it is found that the removal rate (RR) of a-GST increases with an increase of runs number for both pads. However, it achieves the higher RR and better surface quality of a-GST for an AT pad. The in-situ sheet resistance (Rs) measure shows the higher Rs of a-GST polishing can be gained after CMP using both pads and the high Rs is beneficial to lower the reset current for the PCM cells. In order to find the root cause of the different RR of a-GST polishing with different pads, the surface morphology and characteristics of both new and used pads are analyzed, it shows that the AT pad has smaller porosity size and more pore counts than that of the REG pad, and thus the AT pad can transport more fresh slurry to the reaction interface between the pad and a-GST, which results in the high RR of a-GST due to enhanced chemical reaction.
Modeling the factors that determine the accuracy of the range measuring using active-pulse television measuring systems

The article describes the operation principles of the active-pulse television measuring system and the method of measuring the range by using it. The results of modeling and the effect of control impulse jitter and photodetector noise on the range measurement accuracy are presented. Based on the simulation results, the dependence of the range measurement error on the value of the jitter of the control pulses and the noise of the photodetector was established. A decrease in the accuracy of measuring the range with an increase in the jitter values of the control pulses and the noise of the photodetector was established.