Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Larvicidal Efficacy of Fifteen Plant Essential Oils against Culex pipiens L. Mosquitoes in Egypt

epidemics of Rift T HE mosquitoes Culex pipiens are important vectors for transmitting Rift Valley fever and lymphatic filariasis in Egypt. Plant essential oils (EOs) are one of the most promising larvicides. This study assessed the larvicidal efficacy of 15 EOs of which two were new against fourth larval instars of Cx. pipiens . Five concentrations (125, 250, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 ppm) were used for each oil. Mortalities (MOs) were monitored 24 hours post-treatment. After treatment with 2000 ppm for 24 hours, EOs were classified into three groups . The highly effective group provided eight EOs ranging from 91 to 100% MO including Ricinus communis , Pimpinella anisum , Matricaria chamomilla , Vitis vinifera , Allium sativum , Jasminum sambac , Cinnamomum verum , and Rosmarinus officinalis . Their lethal concentrations (LC 50 ) ranged from 454.48 ppm ( R. communis ) to 754.30 ppm( C . verum ). The moderately effective group resulted in 90% MO by Trigonella foenum-graecum , Simmondsia chinensis , Brassica compestris , and Carum Petroselinum . The LC 50 values varied from 823.84 ppm ( C. petroselinum )to 1,120.91 ppm ( S. chinensis ). The least effective group provided less than 90% mortality and included Cocos nucifera , Zingiber officinale , and Lavandula angustifolia . C. nucifera and J. sambac were novelty used against Cx. pipiens. R. communis, and M. chamomilla were recommended for field application as eco-friendly larvicides.
Phase diagrams and critical behavior of the quantum spin-1/2 XXZ model on diamond-type hierarchical lattices

In this paper, the phase diagrams and the critical behavior of the spin-1/2 anisotropic XXZ ferromagnetic model (the anisotropic parameter {\Delta}\in(-\infty,1]) on two kinds of diamond-type hierarchical (DH) lattices with fractal dimensions d_{f}=2.58 and 3, respectively, are studied via the real-space renormalization group method. It is found that in the isotropic Heisenberg limit ({\Delta}=0), there exist finite temperature phase transitions for the two kinds of DH lattices above. The systems are also investigated in the range of -\infty<{\Delta}<0 and it is found that they exhibit XY-like fixed points. Meanwhile, the critical exponents of the above two systems are also calculated. The results show that for the lattice with d_{f}=2.58, the value of the Ising critical exponent {\nu}_{I} is the same as that of classical Ising model and the isotropic Heisenberg critical exponent {\nu}_{H} is a finite value, and for the lattice with d_{f}=3, the values of {\nu}_{I} and {\nu}_{H} agree well with those obtained on the simple cubic lattice. We also discuss the quantum fluctuation at all temperatures and find the fluctuation of XY-like model is stronger than the anistropic Heisenberg model at the low-temperature region. By analyzing the fluctuation, we conclude that there will be remarkable effect of neglecting terms on the final results of the XY-like model. However, we can obtain approximate result at bigger temperatures and give qualitatively correct picture of the phase diagram.
Effect of Milled Tooth Powder versus β-tricalcium phosphate as Bone Grafts on Healing of Tooth Extraction Sockets of Rabbits: An Experimental Study

Aim: To compare the effects of milled tooth (MT) powder and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) on healing of extraction sockets in rabbits. Methods: Sixty healthy adult male rabbits were divided into four groups (n=15). After anesthe-sia the right mandibular first molars were extracted and the treated materials (β-TCP or MT) were gently applied to the extraction sockets forming two groups. In the positive (+ve) control group, sockets healed spontaneously. In the negative (-ve) control group, jaws were left without any inter-ference. Five rabbits from each group were euthanized 10, 20, and 30 days after surgery. Specimens were prepared for light microscopic examination using hematoxylin and eosin, Masson’s trichrome staining, and osteopontin. ANOVA was used to assess the statistical significance of the difference between more than two group means. Tukey’s multiple comparisons and post-hoc tests were used to explore differences between the means of multiple groups. Results: Regarding osteoid tissue formation by Masson’s trichrome staining, a highly significant difference recorded between -ve control, +ve control/10 d, β-TCP/20 d, MT/10 d, and MT/30 d groups. However, no significant differences were detected between the -ve control and +ve control, β-TCP/ 20 d, β-TCP/30 d, and MT/30 d groups. Higher expression of osteopontin were detected in the β-TCP/20 d and MT/30 d groups, and a highly significant difference was observed compared to the +ve control group. Conclusions: MT powder is a biocompatible osteoconductive graft material that can be used as bone graft material in tooth extraction socket healing.
Collaborative Filtering Recommendation model Based on Graph Neural Network and Attention Mechanism

—With the popularity and development of the internet and mobile terminals, people can access a lot of information through them every day. Recommender systems have become one of the important technologies for various online platforms that aim to predict whether a user will interact with an item or not. Among them, collaborative ﬁltering-based models have made effective progress in learning user and item representations by modeling historical user-item interactions. Recently, models based on GCN have been effective in recommendation, and the main function of GCN models is to improve the embedding representation of users and items by iteratively aggregating feature information from neighbors using graph connectivity to extract additional information. However, in previous works, dividing users into subgraphs without intersection only leads to a partial loss of information, ignoring the potential connections that may exist between different groups of users; and because only users are divided, the inﬂuence of commodity factors on the purchase outcome at the time of purchase is ignored in the learning process. Based on the above considerations, in this paper we propose a message-passing recommendation model. The model uses intersects users and items in separate subgraphs and uses an optimized attention mechanism to obtain the ﬁnal node embedding to optimize the embedding representation by introducing multiple embedding propagation layers that encode higher-order connectivity relationships. We conduct extensive experiments to evaluate the proposed model. The results show that our model can effectively improve the performance of the recommendation.
A review of studies on the negative destination image

Tourism is a vital part of the economy in many countries and its importance is probably going to grow in the very near future. Destination image is one of the key factors affecting tourists’ travel decisions. It has been the subject of numerous studies over the last few decades. The aim of this study is to analyze and summarize the literature on the negative image published in journals listed in JCR in the period of 1983-2021. We found that the number of articles on negative destination image published in JCR journals increased in 2017, 2019 and 2021. The biggest group of articles focus on destinations located in Europe, followed by Asia and Africa.
A review of recent advances in metaheuristic maximum power point tracking algorithms for solar photovoltaic systems under the partial-shading conditions

Several maximum power point (MPP) tracking algorithms for solar power or photovoltaic (PV) systems concerning partial-shading conditions have been studied and reviewed using conventional or advanced methods. The standard MPPT algorithms for partial-shading conditions are: (i) conventional; (ii) mathematics-based; (iii) artificial intelligence; (iv) metaheuristic. The main problems of the conventional methods are poor power harvesting and low efficiency due to many local maximum appearances and difficulty in determining the global maximum tracking. This paper presents MPPT algorithms for partial-shading conditions, mainly metaheuristics algorithms. Firstly, the four classification algorithms will be reviewed. Secondly, an in-depth review of the metaheuristic algorithms is presented. Remarkably, 40 metaheuristic algorithms are classified into four classes for a more detailed discussion; physics-based, biology-based, sociology-based, and human behavior-based are presented and evaluated comprehensively. Furthermore, the performance comparison of the 40 metaheuristic algorithms in terms of complexity level, converter type, sensor requirement, steady-state oscillation, tracking capability, cost, and grid connection are synthesized. Generally, readers can choose the most appropriate algorithms according to application necessities and system conditions. This study can be considered a valuable reference for in-depth works on current related issues.
Source apportionment and health risk of exposure to ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) bound to particulate matter in Sabzevar, Iran

Abstract Ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emissions are a major environmental problem in urban areas. We aimed to assess the concentration of PAHs-bound to particulate matter (PM), source apportionment and carcinogenic risk due to inhalation exposure to PAHs. We selected 30 sampling locations in Sabzevar, Iran (2021). PM bounds-PAHs samples were collected using a PM passive sampler. Monte Carlo simulation technique with sensitivity analysis was used to assess the carcinogenic risk of inhalation exposure to PAHs. The Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model was used for source apportionment of ambient PAHs. The median (iterquartile range (IQR)) of total PAHs was 1056.2 (848.5) ppb. The median (IQR) ratio of total LMW/HMW PAHs was 1.9 (1.4), indicating petrogenic sources of PAHs. The 95th percentile of lifetime cancer risk (LTCR) for children, adolescents, and adults in both genders was higher than the threshold level recommended by USEPA (i.e., 1 × 10−6). The PMF model indicated five possible PAH sources, including combustion of biomass, natural gas, combustion petroleum-based fuels, traffic sources of mixed gasoline and diesel combustion, and industrial activities. The spatial autocorrelation models indicated a clustered distribution pattern for all PAHs congeners except Anthracene. Our results suggested that point sources of ambient PAHs should be paid more attention to in urban areas. Moreover, inhalation exposure to ambient PAHs had a potential carcinogenic risk for the inhabitant of Sabzevar.
Properties of Spectrally Defined Red QSOs at z = 0.3–1.2

We investigated the properties of a sample of red Quasi-stellar Objects (QSOs) using optical, radio, and infrared data. These QSOs were selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 quasar catalog. We only selected sources with sky coverage in the Very Large Array Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-centimeters survey, and searched for sources with Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer counterparts. We defined the spectral color of the QSOs based on the flux ratio of the rest-frame 4000 to 3000 Å continuum emission to select red QSOs and typical QSOs. In accordance with this criterion, only QSOs with redshifts between 0.3 and 1.2 could be selected. We found that red QSOs have stronger infrared emission than typical QSOs. We noted that the number ratios of red QSOs to typical QSOs decrease with increasing redshifts, although the number of typical QSOs increase with redshifts. Furthermore, at high redshifts, the luminosity distributions of typical QSOs and red QSOs seem to have similar peaks; however, at low redshifts, the luminosities of red QSOs seem to be lower than those of typical QSOs. These findings suggest that there might be at least two types of red QSOs in our QSO samples.
Investigation and Implementation of Integrated SIW System for Hexagonal Diamond of Lamda Shape Slots Fractal Array Antenna for X and KU-Band Applications

: This paper introduces an investigation and implementation of integrated SIW system using Rogger RT/duriod 5880 substrate of ε r = 2.2 , tan δ = 0.0009 and thickness 0.79 mmsimulated using HFSS. The proposed system is an integration of three main microwave devices: SIW divider/combiner taking a shape of wraparound rhombic with two isolated output ports, SIW phase shifter and two arrays of SIW hexagonal diamond of lamda shape slots fractal antenna. The divider operates efficiently in five wide bands [(9.7-11.36)/ (11.84-12.35)] GHz and [(13.5-14.05)/ (14.55-15.46)/ (15.62-16.7)] GHz for X and KU-Band applications respectively. The divider feeds two arrays of SIW fractal array antenna of hexagonal shape; one of them has a phase shifted input using SIW phase shifter. The proposed system is based on SIW technology to meet the requirement of multiple frequency bands for x-band missile guidance, KU-band satellite altimetry and wireless communication system applications. The measurement results have been obtained in laboratory using (R&S ZVB 20 vector network analyzer 10 MHz: 20 GHz) with agreement between about 11 resonance operating frequencies of the radiating antenna for both simulated and measured results. For one watt incident power the obtained antenna parameters were found to be 𝑆 11 = −43 𝑑𝐵 , U=0.72 W/Str. , accepted power=0.99 W, radiated power=0.98 W, absolute directivity, D =9.7, absolute gain, G =7.1 and radiation efficiency = 98% at f = 13.7 GHz as the most agreement frequency point between simulation and implementation results.
Duality and small functors

The homotopy theory of small functors is a useful tool for studying various questions in homotopy theory. In this paper, we develop the homotopy theory of small functors from spectra to spectra, and study its interplay with Spanier‐Whitehead duality and enriched representability in the dual category of spectra. We note that the Spanier‐Whitehead duality functor DW Sp! Sp op factors through the category of small functors from spectra to spectra, and construct a new model structure on the category of small functors, which is Quillen equivalent to Sp op . In this new framework for the Spanier‐Whitehead duality, Sp and Sp op are full subcategories of the category of small functors and dualization becomes just a fibrant replacement in our new model structure. 55P25; 18G55, 18A25
Water pollution evaluation in Aswan, Egypt, utilizing biochemical and molecular indicators in aquatic Chironomidae larvae in natural and laboratory settings

Water is the primary component of all species' chemistry. Freshwater environments are critical; since industrial waste contains a significant amount of heavy metals, freshwater conservation is a critical environmental concern (Ho et al., 2012). Though industrial water pollution accounts for around one-fourth of all water pollution sources, it is certainly the most hazardous (Desai SmtVanitaben, 2014). Water contamination has a direct and indirect effect on the health of all species. For example, pollution modifies the structure and function of biological systems at every organizational level, from the molecule to the community (Wokoma, 2019; Dalzochio et al., 2022). These modifications include behavioral, respiratory, and reproductive changes, as well as histological, biochemical, and haematological changes, in addition to ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: Received: Aug. 17, 2022 Accepted: Sep. 29, 2022 Online: Oct. 21, 2022 _______________
Proper time is stochastic time in 2d quantum gravity

We show that proper time, when defined in the quantum theory of 2d gravity, becomes identical to the stochastic time associated with the stochastic quantization of space. This observation was first made by Kawai and collaborators in the context of 2d Euclidean quantum gravity, but the relation is even simpler and more transparent in he context of 2d gravity formulated in the framework of CDT (causal dynamical triangulations).
Dynamic versus static fission paths with realistic interactions

The properties of dynamic (least action) fission paths are analyzed and compared to the ones of the more traditional static (least energy) paths. Both the BCPM and Gogny D1M energy density functionals are used in the calculation of the HFB constrained configurations providing the potential energy and collective inertias. The action is computed as in the WKB method. A full variational search of the least-action path over the complete variational space of HFB wave functions is cumbersome and probably unnecessary if the relevant degrees of freedom are identified. In this paper, we consider the particle number fluctuation degree of freedom that explores the amount of pairing correlations in the wave function. For a given shape, the minimum action can be up a factor of three smaller than the action computed for the minimum energy state with the same shape. The impact of this reduction on the lifetimes is enormous and dramatically improves the agreement with experimental data in the few examples considered.
On The Isoperimetric Spectrum of Graphs

In this paper we consider higher isoperimetric numbers of a (finite directed) graph. In this regard we focus on the $n$th mean isoperimetric constant of a directed graph as the minimum of the mean outgoing normalized flows from a given set of $n$ disjoint subsets of the vertex set of the graph. We show that the second mean isoperimetric constant in this general setting, coincides with (the mean version of) the classical Cheeger constant of the graph, while for the rest of the spectrum we show that there is a fundamental difference between the $n$th isoperimetric constant and the number obtained by taking the minimum over all $n$-partitions. In this direction, we show that our definition is the correct one in the sense that it satisfies a Federer-Fleming-type theorem, and we also define and present examples for the concept of a supergeometric graph as a graph whose mean isoperimetric constants are attained on partitions at all levels. Moreover, considering the ${\bf NP}$-completeness of the isoperimetric problem on graphs, we address ourselves to the approximation problem where we prove general spectral inequalities that give rise to a general Cheeger-type inequality as well. On the other hand, we also consider some algorithmic aspects of the problem where we show connections to orthogonal representations of graphs and following J.~Malik and J.~Shi ($2000$) we study the close relationships to the well-known $k$-means algorithm and normalized cuts method.
Long Type I X-Ray Bursts and Neutron Star Interior Physics

Two types of long-duration type I X-ray bursts have been discovered by long-term monitoring observations of accreting neutron stars: superbursts and ``intermediate duration'' bursts. We investigate the sensitivity of their ignition conditions to the interior thermal properties of the neutron star. First, we compare the observed superburst light curves to cooling models. Our fits require ignition column depths in the range (0.5-3) × 1012 g cm-2 and an energy release ≈2 × 1017 ergs g-1. The implied carbon fraction is XC > 10%, constraining models of rp-process hydrogen burning. Neutrino emission and inwards conduction of heat lead to a characteristic surface fluence of 1042 ergs, in good agreement with observations. Next, we compare ignition models to observations of superbursts. Consistent with our light-curve fits, carbon fractions XC ≳ 0.2 are needed to avoid stable burning at the lowest rates for which superbursts have been observed. Unstable carbon ignition at the observed depths requires crust temperatures ≈6 × 108 K, which implies that neutrino emission from the interior is inefficient, and the crust has a poor thermal conductivity. In particular, we cannot match observed superburst properties when Cooper pair neutrino emission from the crust is included. We conclude that an extra ingredient, for example additional heating of the accumulating fuel layer, is required to explain the observed properties of superbursts. If Cooper pair emission is less efficient than currently thought, the observed ignition depths for superbursts imply that the crust is a poor conductor, and the core neutrino emission is not more efficient than modified Urca. The observed properties of helium bursts support these conclusions, requiring inefficient crust conductivity and core neutrino emission.
Explicit plancherel measure for PGL2( F )

In this thesis we compute an explicit Plancherel fromula for PGL2(F) where F is a non-archimedean local field by a method developed by Busnell, Henniart and Kutzko. Let G be connected reductive group over a non-archimedean local field F. We show that we can obtain types and covers (as defined by Bushnell and Kutzko in “Smooth representations of reductive p-adic groups: structure theory via types” Pure Appl. Math, 2009.) for G/Z coming from types and covers of G in a very explicit way. We then compute those types and covers for GL2(F) which give rise to all types and covers for PGL2(F) that are in the principal series. The Bernstein components s of PGL2(F) that correspond to the principal series are of the form [T, φ]Ḡ where T is the diagonal matrices in GL2(F) modulo the center and φ can be seen as a smooth character for F×. Let (J , λφ) be a s-type. Then the Hecke algebra H(Ḡ, λφ) is a Hilbert algebra and has a measure associated to it called Plancherel measure of H(Ḡ, λφ). We show that computing the Plancherel measure for PGL2(F) essentially reduces to computing the Plancherel measure for H(Ḡ, λφ) for every type (J , λφ). We get that the Hilbert algebras H(Ḡ, λφ) come in two flavors; they are either C[Z] or they are a free algebra in two generators s1, s2 subject to the relations s 2 1 = 1 and s2 = (q −1/2 − q)s2 + 1 and we denote this algebra by H(q, 1). The Plancherel measure for C[Z] as well as the Plancherel measure for H(q, 1) are known.
Inflation dynamics and reheating

The theory of inflation with single and multiple fields is reviewed paying particular attention to the dynamics of adiabatic and entropy/isocurvature perturbations which provide the primary means of testing inflationary models. The theory and phenomenology of reheating and preheating after inflation is reviewed providing a unified discussion of both the gravitational and nongravitational features of multifield inflation. In addition inflation in theories with extra dimensions and models such as the curvaton scenario and modulated reheating which provide alternative ways of generating large-scale density perturbations are covered. Finally interesting observational implications are discussed that can result from adiabatic-isocurvature correlations and non-Gaussianity
DETECTING LAND COVER CHANGES USING VHR SATELLITE IMAGES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

The new satellites sensors such as GeoEye , WorldView and Ikonos , provide new data for better delineation, detection, and visualization of Land cover changes. Several techniques have been proposed and developed for change detection automatically. The main aim of this research is to assess the use of very high-resolution satellites images in monitoring land cover changes in Egypt. Five change detection techniques have been tested using Ikonos and ‎WorldView images. The techniques considered are image difference, image ‎ratio, principal component analysis, post-classification comparison, and multi-‎date direct classification. The accuracy of each technique is evaluated via the overall accuracy and kappa coefficient. The results showed that the ‎principal component analysis technique produced more accurate change detection ‎map compared to other methods. Also, it was found that changes from vegetation ‎to urban in the study area are greater than changes from bare soil to vegetation. ‎