Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Use of Elastic Bands in Velocity-Based Training Allows Greater Acute External Training Stimulus and Lower Perceived Effort Compared to Weight Plates

The objective was to compare the mean propulsive velocity (MPV), maximum power (PMAX), heart rate, and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) during the parallel squat using elastic bands (EB) or weight plates (WP) to load the bar. The effect of relative strength on the dependent variables was analysed. Additionally, the potential of the RPE to predict external load parameters was assessed. Eighteen trained volunteers squatted at 40%, 55%, 70%, and 85% of their one-repetition maximum with EB and WP (a total of eight sets) in random order. Dependent variables were measured at the first and last repetition (i.e., 10% velocity loss). Two identical sessions were conducted to assess the reliability of measurements. Compared to WP, EB allowed a significantly greater number of repetitions, MPV, and PMAX, and significantly lower RPE. The RPE of the first repetition was a significant predictor of the external load of the set. The RPE showed good repeatability and was not influenced by the relative strength of athletes. In conclusion, compared to WP, the use of EB allows for greater external load with reduced internal load responses in a wide spectrum of load-based intensities. The potential implications of these novel findings are discussed in the manuscript.
Calculation of Distributions for Energy Imparted and Ionization by Fast Protons in Nanometer Sites

Results are presented for a Monte Carlo calculation of energy imparted and ionization in nanometer volumes by individual proton tracks. Representative frequency distributions for ionization are presented for 0.25- to 3-MeV protons passing through and near spherical sites of 1- to 200-nm-diameter unit density water in specified geometry. In addition, the radial dependences of the mean energy imparted and of the relative variance of the distributions are obtained as functions of the site diameter and of the ion energy.
On-line gain-tuning IP controller using RFNN

In this study an integral-proportional (IP) controller with on-line gain-tuning using a recurrent fuzzy neural network (RFNN) is proposed to control the mover position of a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) servo drive system. The structure and operating principle of the PMLSM are first described in detail. A field-oriented control PMLSM servo drive is then introduced. After that, an IP controller with on-line gain tuning using an RFNN is proposed to control the mover of the PMLSM for achieving high-precision position control with robustness. The backpropagation algorithm is used to train the RFNN on line. Moreover to guarantee the convergence of tracking error for the periodic step-command tracking, analytical methods based on a discrete-type Lyapunov function are proposed to determine the varied learning rates of the RFNN. Furthermore, the proposed control system is implemented in a PC-based computer control system, Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed PMLSM servo drive system is demonstrated by some simulated and experimental results. Accurate tracking response and superior dynamic performance can be obtained due to the powerful on-line learning capability of the RFNN. In addition, the proposed on-line gain-tuning servo drive system is robust with regard to parameter variations and external disturbances.
An Improved Codec Design Architecture for Irregular LDPC Codes Applicable to WiMAX

We propose the design architecture of the Low-density parity-check (LDPC) encoder and decoder based on the WiMAX standard (IEEE 802.16e). The design architectures were implemented on a Kintex-7 KC705 field-programmable gate array (FPGA) kit, for a rate 1/2 WiMAX LDPC code with a code length of 2304, containing twelve layers in the parity check matrix. A new null bypassing logic for irregular LDPC decoder is proposed. The tool reported a total power of 0.677 W for encoder with a throughput of 364 Gbps. The tool reported a total power of 1.009 W for the decoder with a throughput of 0.0785 Gbps (78.5 Mbps) for five iterations. Our architecture is also amenable for constructing non-binary LDPC codes where each bit of the non-binary code is binary coded and interleaved, useful for applications in optical transmission channels. Our architecture is also scalable for a wide range of quasi-cyclic code parameters.
The potential of natural sources for pancreatic lipase inhibitors: a solution of the obesity crisis?

Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Pharmacy School of Shihezi University, Xinjiang, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China; State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Qinghai, China
Potential impedance reduction by REBCO-coated conductors as beam screen coating for the Future Circular Hadron Collider

The Future Circular Collider study creates a conceptual design for a post-LHC particle accelerator using 16 T superconducting dipoles to achieve collision energies of up to 100 TeV in a 90 km circumference ring. A copper-coated beam screen, similar to that used in the LHC, is planned. However, the undertaken research indicates that copper at the high working temperature of 50 K has a strong influence on the accelerator's performance, particularly at injection energy. In this work, we relate the experimentally determined properties of REBCO-coated conductors with their potential performance in the FCC-hh beam screen. Specifically, we use a round pipe approximation to demonstrate that a beam screen coated with a combination of REBCO and copper can have a much lower resistive wall impedance than one using only copper. The reduction is substantial (several orders of magnitude), and is observed in both the longitudinal and transverse wall impedance. Such a reduction has important effects on beam stability, operating costs, potential reduction in beam screen size, and lowering the stringent specifications of the 16 T magnets required for the Future Circular Hadron Collider.
Interplay between Serotonin, Immune Response, and Intestinal Dysbiosis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by periods of activity and remission. IBD includes Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), and even though IBD has not been considered as a heritable disease, there are genetic variants associated with increased risk for the disease. 5-Hydroxytriptamine (5-HT), or serotonin, exerts a wide range of gastrointestinal effects under both normal and pathological conditions. Furthermore, Serotonin Transporter (SERT) coded by Solute Carrier Family 6 Member 4 (SLC6A4) gene (located in the 17q11.1-q12 chromosome), possesses genetic variants, such as Serotonin Transporter Gene Variable Number Tandem Repeat in Intron 2 (STin2-VNTR) and Serotonin-Transporter-linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR), which have an influence over the functionality of SERT in the re-uptake and bioavailability of serotonin. The intestinal microbiota is a crucial actor in normal human gut physiology, exerting effects on serotonin, SERT function, and inflammatory processes. As a consequence of abnormal serotonin signaling and SERT function under these inflammatory processes, the use of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) has been seen to improve disease activity and extraintestinal manifestations, such as depression and anxiety. The aim of this study is to integrate scientific data linking the intestinal microbiota as a regulator of gut serotonin signaling and re-uptake, as well as its role in the pathogenesis of IBD. We performed a narrative review, including a literature search in the PubMed database of both review and original articles (no date restriction), as well as information about the SLC6A4 gene and its genetic variants obtained from the Ensembl website. Scientific evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials regarding the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors as an adjuvant therapy in patients with IBD is also discussed. A total of 194 articles were used between reviews, in vivo, in vitro studies, and clinical trials.
Insight into the current Toxoplasma gondii DNA vaccine: a review article

ABSTRACT Introduction Toxoplasma gondii (T.gondii) is a widespread protozoan with significant economic losses and public health importance. But so far, the protective effect of reported DNA-based vaccines fluctuates widely, and no study has demonstrated complete protection. Areas covered This review provides an inclusive summary of T. gondii DNA vaccine antigens, adjuvants, and some other parameters. A total of 140 articles from 2000 to 2021 were collected from five databases. By contrasting the outcomes of acute and chronic challenges, we aimed to investigate and identify viable immunological strategies for optimum protection. Furthermore, we evaluated and discussed the impact of several parameters on challenge outcomes in the hopes of developing some recommendations to assist better future horizontal comparisons among research. Expert opinion In the coming five years of research, the exploration of vaccine cocktails combining invasion antigens and metabolic antigens with genetic adjuvants or novel DNA delivery methods may offer us desirable protection against this multiple stage of life parasite. In addition to finding a better immune strategy, developing better in silico prediction methods, solving problems posed by variables in practical applications, and gaining a more profound knowledge of T.gondii-host molecular interaction is also crucial towards a successful vaccine.
Regularization Theory and Shape Constraints

Abstract : Many problems of early vision are ill posed to recover unique stable Solutions regularization techniques can be used. These techniques lead to meaningful results, provided that solutions belong to suitable compact sets. Often some additional constraints on the shape or the behavior of the possible solutions are available. This note discusses which of these constraints can be embedded in the classic theory of regularization and how, in order to improve the quality of the recovered solution. Connections with mathematical programming techniques are also discussed. As a conclusion, regularization of early vision problems may be improved by the use of some constraints on the shape of the solution (such as monotonicity and upper and lower bounds), when available.
Can the Effect of Problem Solvers’ Characteristics on Adolescents’ Cooperative Problem Solving Ability Be Improved by Group Sizes?

Cooperative problem solving (CPS) is an essential ability in people’s daily life. When individuals with different problem-solvers’ characteristics (orientation and style) are assigned to different group sizes to solve social tasks, what are the differences in the performance of CPS ability? Based on this, through online experimental tasks, the present study examined the effect of problem-solving orientation and style on CPS ability in online social tasks. Meanwhile, it explored the role of group sizes as an environmental variable. The results showed that the more positive the problem-solving orientation, the better the performance of individual CPS ability. In addition, the more rational the problem-solving styles and the larger the group sizes, the higher the scores of participants’ CPS ability. This study provides a new theoretical perspective for the complex relationship between the characteristics of problem solvers and CPS ability, and also provides empirical support for the cultivation of the CPS ability of adolescents.
Birthweight, genetic risk, and gastrointestinal cancer incidence: a prospective cohort study

Abstract Background The epidemiologic studies investigating the association of birthweight and genetic factors with gastrointestinal cancer remain scarce. The study aimed to prospectively assess the interactions and joint effects of birthweight and genetic risk levels on gastrointestinal cancer incidence in adulthood. Methods A total of 254,997 participants were included in the UK Biobank study. We used multivariate restricted cubic splines and Cox regression models to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidential intervals (CI) for the association between birthweight and gastrointestinal cancer risk, then constructed a polygenic risk score (PRS) to assess its interaction and joint effect with birthweight on the development of gastrointestinal cancer. Results We documented 2512 incident cases during a median follow-up of 8.88 years. Compare with participants reporting a normal birthweight (2.5–4.5 kg), multivariable-adjusted HR of gastrointestinal cancer incidence for participants with high birthweight (≥4.5 kg) was 1.17 (95%CI: 1.01–1.36). Such association was remarkably observed in pancreatic cancer, with an HR of 1.82 (95%CI: 1.26–2.64). No statistically significant association was observed between low birth weight and gastrointestinal cancers. Participants with high birthweight and high PRS had the highest risk of gastrointestinal cancer (HR: 2.95, 95%CI: 2.19–3.96). Conclusion Our findings highlight that high birthweight is associated with a higher incidence of gastrointestinal cancer, especially for pancreatic cancer. Benefits would be obtained from birthweight control, particularly for individuals with a high genetic risk. KEY MESSAGES The epidemiologic studies investigating the association of birthweight and genetic factors with gastrointestinal cancer remain scarce. This cohort study of 254,997 adults in the United Kingdom found an association of high birthweight with the incidence of gastrointestinal cancer, especially for pancreatic cancer, and also found that participants with high birthweight and high polygenic risk score had the highest risk of gastrointestinal cancer. Our data suggests a possible effect of in utero or early life exposures on adulthood gastrointestinal cancer, especially for those with a high genetic risk.
Precise navigation for a 4WS mobile robot

Position and orientation estimation with high accuracy based on GPS and encoders for a four-wheel-steering vehicle (4WS) mobile robot is presented. A GPS receiver working in Real-Time Kinematics (RTK) mode can offer centimeter-level accuracy for our vehicle. In addition to GPS, the vehicle is equipped with four incremental encoders and two absolute encoders to provide information on wheels for estimation of velocity and sideslip angle of vehicle. The proposed architecture of position and orientation estimation consists of two extended Kalman filters and a processing unit of Runga-Kutta based dead reckoning. The first EKF fuses data from six encoders to estimate the vehicle velocity and the sideslip angle. The second EKF is applied to the estimation of position and orientation based on the measurement from precise RTK GPS data and output from first EKF. To obtain higher accuracy of estimation, an arbitrator is designed to switch between EKF2 and dead reckoning. The results and analysis of experiments are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Limitations of the proposed approach and future works are also pointed out and discussed in this paper.
Refractive index sensitivity measurement of a long-period waveguide grating

For the application of a long-period waveguide grating (LPWG) to a refractive index (RI) sensor, its RI sensitivity is experimentally investigated. The characteristics of the LPWG made of thermocurable polymers are observed when individual liquids with different RIs cover its cladding surface. They are sensitive to the RI of liquid. For the transverse-magnetic mode, the center wavelength of a resonance band increases by 77.7 nm as the RI of liquid increases from 1.0 to 1.47. The experimental results indicate that the LPWG may be used as an RI sensor.
Effects of Adaptive Memristor Crossbar Arrays on Chimera States of Fitzhugh-Nagumo Networks

Understanding the human brain's activity is an ongoing big challenge that concerns many scientific fields with the focus being on the normal and abnormal brain functionality which is characterized by the collective behavior of interacting neurons. A hybrid synchronization phenomenon, called chimera state, is described by the coexistence of coherent and incoherent regions and is considered to be capable of providing useful knowledge about the brain's functionality and certain neuro-logical disorders. The design of a brain-inspired network of coupled FitzHugh - Nagumo (FN) neurons utilizing an adaptive memristor crossbar architecture is introduced in this work. In order to explore the adaptive memristor crossbar impact on the phase synchronization, we firstly exhibit chimera state structures formed in the proposed FN network by employing a fixed mem-ristor crossbar, whose switching behavior is then enhanced with its inherent stochastic nature. Our findings imply that switching dynamics have a major influence on adaptive synchronization and that chimera states are robust by including device-to-device variability in the switching mechanisms of memristor devices, therefore paving the way for the design and modeling of chimera states.
TREN, BIAYA, DAN TANTANGAN STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING JEMBATAN

Abstract Information technology and the Internet of Things are developing rapidly, resulting in changes in all fields, including monitoring and testing bridges. Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is currently an alternative to replace conventional visual inspections. This study aims to determine trends in the use of Structural Health Monitoring on bridges, including cost factors and challenges faced, so that they can be considered and referenced in the installation of Structural Health Monitoring on bridges in the future. This study uses biblio-metric analysis methods and literature review. Bibliometric analysis was carried out to determine the type of bridge, the method of Structural Health Monitoring, the type of sensor, and the part that the sensor was installed on, so that the trend of Structural Health Monitoring installation could be observed. A literature review was carried out on the challenges that occurred and the cost factors that were considered and their potential in the future. This research shows that the method of Structural Health Monitoring is still evolving and that new technologies have been used to overcome various challenges, including the cost factor. If Structural Health Monitoring can be mass produced, the cost of producing Structural Health Monitoring is expected to decrease. Keywords: bridge; structural health monitoring; visual inspection; bibliometrics Abstrak Teknologi informasi dan Internet of Things berkembang dengan pesat, yang mengakibatkan terjadinya perubahan di segala bidang, termasuk pada pemantauan dan pengujian jembatan. Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) saat ini menjadi alternatif untuk menggantikan inspeksi visual yang bersifat konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tren penggunaan Structural Health Monitoring pada jembatan, termasuk faktor biaya dan tantangan yang dihadapi, sehingga dapat menjadi pertimbangan dan acuan dalam pemasangan Structural Health Monitoring pada jembatan di masa mendatang. Studi ini menggunakan metode analisis bibliometrik dan tinjauan literatur. Analisis bibliometrik dilakukan untuk mengetahui jenis jembatan, metode Structural Health Monitoring, jenis sensor, dan bagian yang dipasang sensor, sehingga tren pemasangan Struc-tural Health Monitoring dapat diamati. Tinjauan literatur dilakukan pada tantangan yang terjadi dan faktor biaya yang menjadi pertimbangan serta potensinya di masa mendatang. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode Structural Health Monitoring masih terus berkembang dan berbagai teknologi baru telah digunakan untuk mengatasi berbagai tantangan, termasuk faktor biaya. Jika Structural Health Monitoring dapat dipro-duksi secara massal, biaya produksi Structural Health Monitoring diharapkan menurun. Kata-kata kunci: jembatan; structural health monitoring; inspeksi visual; bibliometrik
Current Ripple Mitigation Strategy of Modular Multilevel DC/DC Converter for Battery Energy Storage System

For modular multilevel dc/dc converter (MDC) with conventional modulation strategies, the inductor current ripple will increase if dc/dc units’ input voltages and/or output references are unbalanced. In this article, a current ripple mitigation strategy is proposed for MDC battery energy storage system, which is based on harmonic model for ripple analysis using the Fourier series. By varying the duties and phase-shifted angles simultaneously, multiple current harmonics are eliminated. Moreover, in order to freely adjust batteries’ current under the condition of duties is calculated by ripple suppressing method in every modulation process, the control period is divided into several intervals and variables in each interval are separate. Through constraining every unit's average duty of all intervals, battery current is dominated under distribution scheme while achieving the goal of ripple mitigation. Experimental result on a four-unit MDC is presented to verify the feasibility and effectivity of the proposed modulation method.
Orientation statistics of small particles in turbulence

The statistics of the alignment of axisymmetric microscopic particles in fully developed turbulent flow is studied numerically and theoretically. Direct numerical simulations (DNS) of turbulent flows demonstrate that rod-like particles are more strongly aligned with the vorticity vector than with the principal strain axis. To elucidate this property, we compare the evolution obtained in a turbulent flow with a simpler model, where the velocity gradient of the flow is replaced by a fluctuating random matrix, whose temporal correlations reproduce the properties observed in DNS. In contrast with the DNS results, this model exhibits a strong alignment of the rods with the direction of the fastest stretching of the symmetric part of the random matrix. We argue that the correlation between the rod axis and the vorticity vector arises from similarities between the equations of motion governing these quantities.
Mineral mixture supplementation for enhancing milk yield of milch animals in Haryana

Most of the Indian soils are deficient in one or more minerals and these minerals are important in numerous biochemical reactions and deficiency may lead to metabolic diseases resulting lowering production performance in dairy animals. The study attempts to evaluate status nutrient intake in dairy animals, effect of reappropriation of available feed resources and mineral mixture supplementation on production performance in lactating cows and buffaloes in Katesara and Amarpur villages under Farmers’ FIRST project in Palwal district. The animals were in their early lactation (40±5 days in milk) and milk yield, its composition, body weight and body condition score was recorded. Among the cow, 28% deficit, 35% excess dry matter; 41% deficit and 11% excess crude protein; 33% deficit and 25% excess total digestible nutrients (TDN) was provided. In buffaloes, 36% deficit and 40% excess DM; 45% deficit and 15% excess CP; 25% deficit and 12% excess TDN was provided. Reappropriation of DM, CP and TDN was done using available feed/ fodders available to the farmers and after 15 days, mineral mixture was provided @ 50 g/d for 60 days. The production performance record reveals no change in body weight but BCS was improved. Milk yield, fat, protein in cows were improved and other composition were remain unchanged. In buffaloes, milk yield, fat and protein improved while others, viz. lactose, SNF, ash and TS were similar due to supplementation of mineral mixture. The results conclude that imbalance of nutrients existed to the tune of 10 to 45% among various nutrients. One of the best propositions could be supplementation of mineral mixture to improve milk yield (10 to 14%) and fat per cent under field condition in both cows and buffaloes.