Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bumps In Deep Mines Using Free Hexagons

The occurrence of rock bumps during mining or tunneling is studied in this paper. The bumps appear to be a very essential threat for human lives, particularly if the bumps affect the stability of a tunnel face or long walls during mining. The rock bumps are explained as a sudden release of accumulated energy in either brittle, or almost brittle rocks. The material behavior of such rocks is elastic until a certain limit is attained. Then an abrupt extrusion of the rock particles occurs. This is one of the most important reasons for using grainlike elastic, or elastic-plastic elements in numerical simulation of this problem. The conditions for damage behavior, i.e. nucleation of cracks being an indication of starting bumps are concentrated to the boundary of the elements. The BEM describes the material behavior inside the elements. Some examples are presented at the end of this paper to show the ability of the static version of the free hexagon method.
Patterns, prevalence and risk factors of intimate partner violence and its association with mental health status during COVID-19: a cross-sectional study on early married female adolescents in Khulna district, Bangladesh

Objectives This study was designed to identify the patterns, prevalence and risk factors of intimate partner violence (IPV) against female adolescents and its association with mental health problems. Design Cross-sectional survey. Settings Dumuria Upazila (subdistrict) under the Khulna district of Bangladesh. Participants A total of 304 participants were selected purposively based on some specifications: they must be female adolescents, residents of Dumuria Upazila and married during the COVID-19 pandemic when under 18 years of age. Outcome measures By administering a semi-structured interview schedule, data were collected regarding IPV using 12 five-point Likert scale items; a higher score from the summation reflects frequent violence. Results The findings suggest that the prevalence of physical, sexual and emotional IPV among the 304 participants, who had an average age of 17.1 years (SD=1.42), was 89.5%, 87.8% and 93.7%, respectively, whereas 12.2% of the participants experienced severe physical IPV, 9.9% experienced severe sexual IPV and 10.5% experienced severe emotional IPV. Stepwise regression models identified age at marriage (p=0.001), number of miscarriages (p=0.005), education of spouse (p=0.001), income of spouse (p=0.016), age gap between spouses (p=0.008), marital adjustment (p<0.001) and subjective happiness (p<0.001) as significant risk factors. Hierarchical regression, however, indicated that age at marriage (p<0.001), age gap between spouses (p<0.001), marital adjustment (p<0.001) and subjective happiness (p<0.001) had negative associations with IPV, while the number of miscarriages (p<0.001) had a positive relationship. Pearson’s correlation showed that IPV was significantly associated with depression, anxiety and stress. Conclusion During the COVID-19 pandemic, an increase in IPV and mental health problems among early married adolescents was documented. To reduce physical and mental harm and to assure their well-being, preventive and rehabilitative measures should be devised.
PDGFR-beta signaling mediates endogenous neurogenesis after postischemic neural stem/progenitor cell transplantation in mice

ABSTRACT Objective Although platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)-β mediates the self-renewal and multipotency of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) in vitro and in vivo, its mechanisms of activating endogenous NSPCs following ischemic stroke still remain unproven. Methods The exogenous NSPCs were transplanted into the ischemic striatum of PDGFR-β conditionally neuroepithelial knockout (KO) mice at 24 h after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). 5-Bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU) was intraperitoneally injected to label the newly formed endogenous NSPCs. Infarction volume was measured, and behavioral tests were performed. In the subventricular zone (SVZ), proliferation of endogenous NSPCs was tested, and synapse formation and expression of nutritional factors were measured. Results Compared with control mice, KO mice showed larger infarction volume, delayed neurological recovery, reduced numbers of BrdU positive cells, decreased expression of neurogenic factors (including neurofilament, synaptophysin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor), and decreased synaptic regeneration in SVZ after tMCAO. Moreover, exogenous NSPC transplantation significantly alleviated neurologic dysfunction, promoted neurogenesis, increased expression of neurologic factors, and diminished synaptic deformation in SVZ of FL mice after tMCAO but had no beneficial effect in KO mice. Conclusion PDGFR-β signaling may promote activation of endogenous NSPCs after postischemic NSPC transplantation, and thus represents a novel potential regeneration-based therapeutic target.
Overall survival in 92,991 colorectal cancer patients in Germany: differences according to type of comorbidity

Abstract Background Poorer survival in cancer patients with vs. without comorbidity has been reported for various cancer sites. For patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), limited data are available so far. Methods Patients with CRC diagnosed between 2010 and 2018 were identified in a health claims database covering 20% of the German population. We assessed the prevalence of comorbidities at cancer diagnosis and categorized the patients into the groups: ‘none’, ‘somatic only’, ‘mental only’ or ‘both’ types of comorbidities. Hazard ratios (HR, with 95% confidence intervals) for five-year overall survival were estimated by Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for age, sex and stage at diagnosis (advanced vs. non-advanced). Results We included 92,991 patients (females: 49.1%, median age: 72 years) with a median follow-up of 30 months. The proportions assigned to the groups ‘none’, ‘somatic only’, ‘mental only’ or ‘both’ were 24.7%, 65.5%, 1.4% and 8.4%. Overall, 32.8% of the patients died during follow-up. Compared to patients without comorbidities (‘none’), the adjusted HR regarding death from any cause was 1.11 (95% CI: 1.07–1.14) in the group ‘somatic only’, 1.74 (95% CI: 1.58–1.92) in the group ‘mental only’ and 1.92 (95% CI: 1.84–2.00) in the group ‘both’. For patients with ‘mental only’ comorbidities, the adjusted HR was higher in males than in females (HR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.88–2.55 vs. HR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.37–1.75). Conclusions Our results suggest that patients with CRC and with mental comorbidities, particularly males, have a markedly lower overall survival compared to those without any or only somatic comorbidities.
Is evening chronotype associated with higher alcohol consumption? A systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT A broader understanding of whether and to what extent chronotype should be considered a risk factor for alcohol consumption is needed. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence on the association between evening chronotype and alcohol consumption. A systematic search of observational studies on this association was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and PsycINFO databases up to April 30th, 2023. Random-effect models estimated the pooled odds ratio (OR) of alcohol consumption according to chronotype. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and Quality Assessment tool for Observational Cohorts and Cross-sectional Studies from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute were followed. A total of 33 studies involving 28 207 individuals (age range: 18–93 years) were included in this review. Overall, most studies indicated a higher volume and frequency of alcohol consumption in evening-type individuals than in individuals with different chronotypes. Additionally, a meta-analysis including 13 studies showed that evening-type individuals were 41% more likely to consume alcohol than those with other chronotypes (OR = 1.41, 95% confidence interval: 1.16–1.66; I 2 = 38.0%). Limitations of the present findings are the predominance of cross-sectional studies and varied definitions of alcohol consumption. The available evidence supports an association between the evening chronotype and alcohol consumption. The evening-type population, especially young adults, is a specific target for educational interventions for preventing or reducing alcohol consumption. PROSPERO number: CRD42022343778.
The endosomal-lysosomal system in ADC design and cancer therapy

ABSTRACT Introduction This discourse delves into the intricate connections between the endosomal-lysosomal system and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), shedding light on an essential yet less understood dimension of targeted therapy. While ADCs have revolutionized cancer treatment, resistance remains a formidable challenge, often involving diverse and overlapping mechanisms. Areas covered This discourse highlights the roles of various components within the endosomal machinery, including Rab proteins, in ADC resistance development. It also explores how the transferrin–transferrin receptor and epidermal growth factor-epidermal growth factor receptor complexes, known for their roles in recycling and degradation process, respectively, can offer valuable insights for ADC design. Selected strategies to enhance lysosomal targeting are discussed, and potentially offer solutions to improve ADC efficacy. Expert opinion By harnessing these different insights that connect ADCs with the endosomal-lysosomal system, the field may benefit to shape the next-generation of ADC design for increased efficacy and improved patient outcomes.
Utilizing databases for astrocyte secretome research

ABSTRACT Introduction Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the central nervous system (CNS). They play a pivotal role in supporting neuronal function and maintaining homeostasis by releasing a variety of bioactive proteins, collectively known as the astrocyte secretome. Investigating secretome provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying astrocyte function and dysfunction, as well as novel strategies to prevent and treat diseases affecting the CNS. Areas covered Proteomics databases are a valuable resource for studying the role of astrocytes in healthy and diseased brain function, as they provide information about gene expression, protein expression, and cellular function. In this review, we discuss existing databases that are useful for astrocyte secretome research. Expert opinion Astrocyte secretomics is a field that is rapidly progressing, yet the availability of dedicated databases is currently limited. To meet the increasing demand for comprehensive omics data in glia research, developing databases specifically focused on astrocyte secretome is crucial. Such databases would allow researchers to investigate the intricate molecular landscape of astrocytes and comprehend their involvement in diverse physiological and pathological processes. Expanding resources through the development of databases dedicated to the astrocyte secretome may facilitate further advancements in this field.
Awake craniotomy in an adolescent patient with an extraventricular neurocytoma

headache. MRI showed a large, well-circumscribed, multilobular cystic hypodense mass with inhomogeneous contrast enhancement in T1-weighted images and moderate peritumoral oedema. Neurological examination was normal, but ocular fundus examination showed left papilledema. Given the location of the tumour in an eloquent area, awake craniotomy was performed, and a gross total resection was obtained. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of EVN. The MRI performed at 3, 12, 24 and 36 months surgery showed no evidence of residual tumour and no recurrence. Patient did not undergo radiotherapy.
Dynamics of hemoglobins during nodule development, nitrate response, and dark stress in Lotus japonicus

Abstract Legume nodules express multiple leghemoglobins (Lbs) and non-symbiotic hemoglobins (Glbs), but how they are regulated is unclear. Here, we study the regulation of all Lbs and Glbs of Lotus japonicus in different physiologically relevant conditions and mutant backgrounds. We quantified hemoglobin expression, localized reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in nodules, and deployed mutants deficient in Lbs and in the transcription factors NLP4 (associated with nitrate sensitivity) and NAC094 (associated with senescence). Expression of Lbs and class 2 Glbs was suppressed by nitrate, whereas expression of class 1 and 3 Glbs was positively correlated with external nitrate concentrations. Nitrate-responsive elements were found in the promoters of several hemoglobin genes. Mutant nodules without Lbs showed accumulation of ROS and NO and alterations of antioxidants and senescence markers. NO accumulation occurred by a nitrate-independent pathway, probably due to the virtual disappearance of Glb1-1 and the deficiency of Lbs. We conclude that hemoglobins are regulated in a gene-specific manner during nodule development and in response to nitrate and dark stress. Mutant analyses reveal that nodules lacking Lbs experience nitro-oxidative stress and that there is compensation of expression between Lb1 and Lb2. They also show modulation of hemoglobin expression by NLP4 and NAC094.
PD-1 Inhibition in metastatic high tumour mutational burden (TMB) leiomyosarcoma with clinicopathological correlates

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a subtype of sarcoma derived from smooth muscle cells. Unfortunately, this malignancy has a high rate of metastatic disease. Palliative systemic therapy has historically relied on cytotoxic agents such as doxorubicin, which have low rates of response. Immunotherapy has not been shown to be effective for most patients with sarcoma, including those with LMS. However, this has not been well described for patients with LMS and high tumour mutational burden (TMB). Herein, we report the case of a woman in her late 50s with metastatic high TMB (>10) leiomyosarcoma treated with pembrolizumab.
Skin-to-skin contact and early initiation of breast feeding in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study using MICS6, Bangladesh (2019) data

Background To curb neonatal deaths, practices such as skin-to-skin contact (SSC) and early initiation of breast feeding (EIBF) can play an important role. Despite being effective, globally only 48% of newborns receive EIBF, and SSC is practised at varying prevalence (1%–74%) among low-income and middle-income countries. Objectives The objective of the current study was to estimate the level of SSC and EIBF practice in Bangladesh and examine factors associated with SSC and EIBF. Methods The cross-sectional study used data from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, Bangladesh (2019). Women of reproductive age with live birth during the last 2 years were included in the analysis (n=8854). A p<0.05 as considered statistically significant (significance level of α=0.05). Results The prevalence of SSC and EIBF was 16.4% and 70.4%, respectively. Higher secondary or more level of education (AOR 1.43; 95% CI 1. 07 to 1.90; p=0.016), skilled birth attendant’s (SBA) assistance at birth (AOR 2.04, 95% CI 1.60 to 2.61; p<0.001) and receiving antenatal care (AOR 1.40; 95% CI 1.15 to 1.70; p<0.001) had higher odds of practising SSC. Having institutional delivery (AOR 0.35; 95% CI 0.28 to 0.43; p<0.001) and belonging to the richest category (AOR 0.78; 95% CI 0.65 to 0.94; p=0.008) had lower odds of practising EIBF. SSC and EIBF did not have a statistically significant association in the study. Conclusion The prevalence of SSC in Bangladesh is quite low. However, EIBF prevalence can be considered as ‘good’. Targeted interventions such as antenatal care, and assistance by SBA during birth can help in promoting SSC. To promote EIBF practice, interventions should focus on institutes providing delivery support and the richer strata of the society.
Socioeconomic condition and cardiovascular risk factors persistence, in Havana adolescent’s cohort

Introduction: Atherogenics risk factors are present since early ages. The socio economic condition (SEC) has been identified like an important aspect that seems influence in the appearance of such risk factors. Objective: To determine the association between the socio economic condition and the persistence of some risk factors like overweight, abdominal obesity and hypertension in an adolescent cohort. Material and Methods: A longitudinal study of a cohort composed by 252 adolescent belonging to the Heroes del MoncadaUniversity Policlinic, Plaza Municipality were assessed in two transversal different cuts with a period of time lasting 4 years one to other. The nutritional condition variables, waist classification and blood pressure classification were analyzed and the adolescent s health condition were measure determining by identified risk factors in each moment of the study and its persistence thus as the socio economic influence to which was an structural model adjusted. Results: The health condition of the adolescent at time 1 was frequently associated to the condition at time 2 (r=8.34), demonstrating the high persistence of study risk factors. The socio economic condition, showed a very marginal importance on the adolescent condition in each moment of the study. Conclusions: Results alerts over the necessity to do preventive actions since early ages and to continue this kind of studies to know the effect of socio economic condition in our context.
Got milkweed? Genetic assimilation as potential source for the evolution of nonmigratory monarch butterfly wing shape

Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) are well studied for their annual long‐distance migration from as far north as Canada to their overwintering grounds in Central Mexico. At the end of the cold season, monarchs start to repopulate North America through short‐distance migration over the course of multiple generations. Interestingly, some populations in various tropical and subtropical islands do not migrate and exhibit heritable differences in wing shape and size, most likely an adaptation to island life. Less is known about forewing differences between long‐ and short‐distance migrants in relation to island populations. Given their different migratory behaviors, we hypothesized that these differences would be reflected in wing morphology. To test this, we analyzed forewing shape and size of three different groups: nonmigratory, lesser migratory (migrate short‐distances), and migratory (migrate long‐distances) individuals. Significant differences in shape appear in all groups using geometric morphometrics. As variation found between migratory and lesser migrants has been shown to be caused by phenotypic plasticity, and lesser migrants develop intermediate forewing shapes between migratory and nonmigratory individuals, we suggest that genetic assimilation might be an important mechanism to explain the heritable variation found between migratory and nonmigratory populations. Additionally, our research confirms previous studies which show that forewing size is significantly smaller in nonmigratory populations when compared to both migratory phenotypes. Finally, we found sexual dimorphism in forewing shape in all three groups, but for size in nonmigratory populations only. This might have been caused by reduced constraints on forewing size in nonmigratory populations.
Exploring Emotions in EEG: Deep Learning Approach with Feature Fusion

Emotion is an intricate physiological response that plays a crucial role in how we respond and cooperate with others in our daily affairs. Numerous experiments have been evolved to recognize emotion, however still require exploration to intensify the performance. To enhance the performance of effective emotion recognition, this study proposes a subject-dependent robust end-to-end emotion recognition system based on a 1D convolutional neural network (1D-CNN). We evaluate the SJTU Emotion EEG Dataset SEED-V with five emotions (happy, sad, neural, fear, and disgust). To begin with, we utilize the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to decompose the raw EEG signals into six frequency bands and extract the power spectrum feature from the frequency bands. After that, we combine the extracted power spectrum feature with eye movement and differential entropy (DE) features. Finally, for classification, we apply the combined data to our proposed system. Consequently, it attains 99.80% accuracy which surpasses each prior state-of-the-art system.
Contract vs Regular Employees: An Analysis

: Contract work is a type of employment that many organizations practice; it allows for more options to fit the needs of a firm while offering more choice in employment for workers. Management and workers have the choice between permanent internal employment and contract work. There is a lot of research regarding the rationale and nature of contractual relationships. This paper focuses specifically on the key benefits and setbacks of contract workers from both firm and worker perspectives with real life examples. The research provides the reader with an in depth understanding of the topic and allows direct comparing and contrasting between the benefits and drawbacks of contract work. Solutions to the drawbacks are further supplemented to aid management in mitigating risks associated with contract work. This paper specifically discusses: Employer and Employee
Cascade tanks system identiﬁcation for robust predictive control

The main goal of estimating models for industrial applications is to guarantee the cheapest system identiﬁcation. The requirements for the identiﬁcation experiment should not be allowed to affect product quality under normal operating conditions. This paper deals with ensuring the required liquid levels of the cascade system tanks using the model predictive control (MPC) method. The MPC strategy was extended with the Kalman ﬁlter (KF) to predict the system’s succeeding states subject to a reference trajectory in the presence of both process and measurement noise covariances. The main contribution is to use the application-oriented input design to update the parameters of the model during system degradation. This framework delivers the least-costly identiﬁcation experiment and guarantees high performance of the system with the updated model. The methods presented are evaluated both in the experiments on a real process and in the computer simulations. The results of the robust MPC application for cascade system water levels control are discussed.
A Study on the Relationship between Academic Volition and Emotional Intelligence in Student Teachers

: The present study is an attempt to examine the relationship between academic volition and emotional intelligence in student teachers. Sample for the study includes 40 urban student teachers of B.Ed. and M.Ed. classes of an education college in Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. The data for measuring Emotional intelligence is collected by using the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire – Adolescent Short Form (TEIQue-ASF), prepared by Petrides, K. V. & Furnham, A. (2006) for adolescents. Academic volition of the student teachers is measured by collecting data using the Academic Volitional Strategy Inventory (AVSI) for college students prepared by Maccann and Garcia (2000). For data analysis, Pearson’s Product-Moment Correlation coefficient is used. The significance of the test is calculated using critical value table for Pearson’s Product-Moment Correlation for the level of significance α at 0.01. The findings of the study reveal that academic volition is positively and moderately related to emotional intelligence in students teachers. No role of course was found in the variables studied.