Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exceptional Cases Elevated FGF-23 in a patient with rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury

Rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by hyperphosphataemia and hypocalcaemia. Despite appropriate secondary elevation of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in response to hypocalcaemia, rhabdomyolysis and AKI are associated with acute deficiency of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2D3), and yet, the mechanism responsible for such a deficiency remains unclear. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23), a potent phosphaturic hormone that inhibits 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1α-hydroxylase, could explain the deficiency of 1,25 (OH)2D3 in this setting. Here, we document, for the first time, elevated levels of FGF-23 in a patient with rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI.
Eye region-based fusion technique of thermal and dark visual images for human face recognition

We present an approach for human face recognition using eye region extraction/replacement method under low illumination and varying expression conditions. For conducting experiments, two different sets of face images, namely visual and corresponding thermal, are used from Imaging, Robotics, and Intelligent Systems (IRIS) thermal/visual face data. A decomposition and reconstruction technique of Daubechies wavelet co-efficient (db4) is used to generate the fused image by replacing the eye region in the visual image with the same region from the corresponding thermal image. After that, independent component analysis over the natural logarithm domain (Log-ICA) is used for feature extraction/dimensionality reduction, and finally, a classifier is used to classify the fused face images. Two different image sets, i.e., training and test image sets, are mainly prepared using the IRIS thermal/visual face database for finding the accuracy of the proposed system. Experimental results show the proposed method is more efficient than other image fusion techniques which have used region extraction techniques for dark faces.
Light subgraphs in planar graphs of minimum degree 4 and edge-degree 9

A graph H is light in a given class of graphs if there is a constant w such that every graph of the class which has a subgraph isomorphic to H also has a subgraph isomorphic to H whose sum of degrees in G is ≤ w. Let $\cal G$ be the class of simple planar graphs of minimum degree ≥ 4 in which no two vertices of degree 4 are adjacent. We denote the minimum such w by w(H). It is proved that the cycle Cs is light if and only if 3 ≤ s ≤ 6, where w(C3) = 21 and w(C4) ≤ 35. The 4-cycle with one diagonal is not light in $\cal G$, but it is light in the subclass ${\cal G}^T$ consisting of all triangulations. The star K1,s is light if and only if s ≤ 4. In particular, w(K1,3) = 23. The paths Ps are light for 1 ≤ s ≤ 6, and heavy for s ≥ 8. Moreover, w(P3) = 17 and w(P4) = 23. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 44: 261–295, 2003
Dispersion monitoring of carbon nanotube modified epoxy systems

The remarkable mechanical and electrical properties exhibited by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have encouraged efforts to develop mass production techniques. As a result, CNTs are becoming increasingly available, and more attention from both the academic world and industry has focused on the applications of CNTs in bulk quantities. These opportunities include the use of CNTs as conductive filler in insulating polymer matrices and as reinforcement in structural materials. The use of composites made from an insulating matrix and highly conductive fillers is becoming more and more important due to their ability to electromagnetically shield and prevent electrostatic charging of electronic devices. In recent years, different models have been proposed to explain the formation of the conductive filler network. Moreover, intrinsic difficulties and unresolved issues related to the incorporation of carbon nanotubes as conductive fillers in an epoxy matrix and the interpretation of the processing behavior have not yet been resolved. In this sense, a further challenge is becoming more and more important in composite processing: cure monitoring and optimization. This paper considers the potential for real-time control of cure cycle and dispersion of a modified epoxy resin system commonly utilized in aerospace composite parts. It shows how cure cycle and dispersion control may become possible through realtime in-situ acquisition of dielectric signal from the curing resin, analysis of its main components and identification of the significant features.
FLUID-INDUCED LOADING OF CANTILEVERED CIRCULAR CYLINDERS IN A LOW-TURBULENCE UNIFORM FLOW - PART 3: FLUCTUATING LOADS WITH ASPECT RATIOS 4 TO 25

Abstract Part 3 of this study presents details of an investigation into the fluctuating pressures and loads induced on smooth, cantilevered circular cylinders immersed in a low-turbulence, uniform flow. Experiments were carried out in a wind tunnel at a Reynolds number of 4·4 × 104 for aspect ratios in the range 4 to 25. R.m.s. pressures on the surface of the cylinder and r.m.s. lift and drag were measured, and the frequency content of the fluctuation was analysed. The results are consistent with the mean loading pattern presented in Part 1, particularly with regard to the existence of a significant aspect ratio of 13, and complete the data set for aspect ratios in the range 4 to 30.
Image matching by affine speed-up robust features

Affine invariant image comparison is always consequential in computer vision. In this paper, affine-SURF (ASURF) is introduced. Through a series of affine transformations and feature extraction, the matching algorithm becomes more robust with the view and scale change. A kd-tree structure is build to store the feature sets and BBF search algorithm is used in feature matching, then duplicates are removed by the conditional of Euclidean distance ratio. Experiments show it has a good result, comparisons with SIFT and SURF is made to prove its performance.
Antioxidative, anticancer and genotoxic properties of α-pinene on N2a neuroblastoma cells

α-Pinene, an organic monoterpene, is found in essential oils of pine and coniferous trees. To date, although various biological activities of α-pinene have been demonstrated, its neurotoxicity has never been explored. Therefore in this study, we aimed to describe in vitro antiproliferative and/or cytotoxic properties by 3-(4,5-dimetylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test, genotoxic damage potentials by single cell gel electrophoresis, and oxidative effects by total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidative stress (TOS) analysis of α-pinene. Statistical analysis of MTT assay results indicated significant (p < 0.05) decreases of the cell proliferation rates in healthy neurons treated with α-pinene at only 400 mg/L, while significant decreases were observed in N2a cells at 100, 200 and 400 mg/L. On the other hand, the mean values of the total scores of cells showing DNA damage were not found significantly different from the control values on both cells. In addition, our results indicated that 10 and 25 mg/L of α-pinene treatment caused increases of TAC levels in primary rat neurons without any alterations of its level in N2a cells. However, α-pinene treatments at higher doses led to increases of TOS levels in both cell types. Overall our results suggest that α-pinene is of a limited therapeutic use as an anticancer agent.
A Global Heat Compliance Measure Based Topology Optimization for the Transient Heat Conduction Problem

For topology optimization with transient loads, heat compliance varies with transient heat analysis. The peak value of the transient heat compliance should be minimized. Thus, this article proposes a global heat compliance measure to handle this kind of topology optimization for the transient heat conduction problem. The optimization model is then constructed by the global heat compliance measure. The finite-element, equivalent static loads, and continuum shape based sensitivity analyses are derived using the adjoint variable method. Through case studies, the effectiveness of the proposed global heat compliance measure for the transient heat conduction topology optimization is validated.
Targeting type II diabetes with plant terpenes: the new and promising antidiabetic therapeutics

Type II diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia arising from defective insulin signaling. Several synthetic drugs are being used for diabetes treatment, but they have adverse effects. So as an alternative approach, compounds from plants with lesser/no side effects and comparatively cheaper are gaining momentum. Terpenes comprise a class of diversified phytochemicals, which have beneficial effects and important functions in plants. They have shown a series of biological properties that healthpromoting conduct in humans. Besides, a lot of terpenes have also been reported to be much less toxic as compared to synthetic compounds. Diabetic people could be benefited from terpenes obtained either from the diet or from plant-derived herbal medicines. Due to the natural origin of terpenes, they are supposed to be a safe and promising agent in eliminating the causes and effects of diabetes. This paper reviews the research reports of terpenes as their antidiabetic potential, mechanistic action, preclinical profile, shortcomings, and prospect in the effective management of diabetes.
Two-arm sinuous antenna for RFID ubiquitous sensors and wireless applications

For the first time, two-arm planar sinuous antenna is demonstrated to realize the emerging concept of integrating RFID functionalities along with sensors and other wireless applications for “green” electronics. In-depth, parametric analysis is performed for the proposed antenna which is fabricated on a paper substrate using revolutionary inkjet printing technology to develop a system-level solution for ultra-low-cost mass production of multipurpose wireless tags in an approach that could be easily expanded to other microwave and wireless “cognition” applications. The proposed antenna exhibits excellent performance throughout several RFID ISM bands and for other wireless applications in its operational range from 0.8 to 3.0 GHz.
Morphological Stability of a Particle Growing by Diffusion or Heat Flow

The stability of the shape of a spherical particle undergoing diffusion‐controlled growth into an initially uniformly supersaturated matrix is studied by supposing an expansion, into spherical harmonics, of an infinitesimal deviation of the particle from sphericity and then calculating the time dependence of the coefficients of the expansion. It is assumed that the pertinent concentration field obeys Laplace's equation, an assumption whose conditions of validity are discussed in detail and are often satisfied in practice. A dispersion law is found for the rate of change of the amplitude of the various harmonics. It is shown that the sphere is stable below and unstable above a certain radius Rc, which is just seven times the critical radius of nucleation theory; analogous conclusions are obtained for the solidification problem. The results for the sphere are used to discuss the stability of nonspherical growth forms.
Comparing Distributional and Frame Semantic Properties of Words

Word embeddings have gained a lot of traction in recent years since their multidimensional representation of words exhibits useful semantic properties while the process of obtaining them requires little to no manual interaction. At the same time, linguistic theories of lexical semantics have been under active research for many decades and have rich and well-established foundations. Have such theories now become obsolete with the advent of sophisticated statistical methods based on machine learning? This paper investigates the relationship be-tween a number of widely used variants of word embeddings and one speciﬁc theory of lexical semantics, viz. frame semantics. Based on the lexical units available in the F RAME N ET corpus, we study some commonalities and differences in the way these are represented in each formalism. We comment on possible future directions that allow both worlds to learn from each other and thus may help improve practical aspects of word embeddings as well as frame semantics.
A Numerical Study of the East Coast Snowstorm of 10–12 February 1983

Abstract A numerical study of the East Coast snowstorm of 10–12 February 1983 has been conducted with the NRL mesoscale model. The three-dimensional, hydrostatic, primitive equation model has 91 × 51 horizontal grid points with a half degree resolution in a verification domain of 100°W to 60°W and 25°N to 45°N. There are ten layers in the vertical of equal σ(=p/ps) thickness. The model uses a split-explicit method for temporal integration and a second-order accurate spatial finite differencing. Model physics include precipitation on the resolvable scale and parameterized boundary layer and cumulus convection. The NMC 2.5 degree hemispheric analyses are used as the basic dataset (called NMC analysis hereafter). Because significant details in the initial conditions contained in the original rawinsonde observations may have been smoothed out by the NMC analysis algorithm, the analyses are also altered to provide a closer fit to the rawinsonde data. Original rawinsonde data are used in this enhancement of the.
Formation of plasma around wire fragments created by electrically exploded copper wire

The physical processes occurring during the electrical explosion of metallic conductors has attracted interest for many years. Applications include circuit breakers, segmented lightning divertor strips for aircraft radomes, disruption of metallic shaped charge jets, plasma armatures for electromagnetic railguns and plasma generators for electrothermal-chemical guns. Recent work has cited the phenomenology of the fragmentation processes, particularly the development of a plasma around the lower resistance condensed fragments. An understanding of both the fragmentation process and the development of the accompanying formation of plasma is essential for the optimization of devices that utilize either of these phenomena. With the use of x-radiography and fast photography, this paper explores the wire explosion process, in particular the relationship between the fragmentation, plasma development and resistance rise that occurs during this period. A hypothesis is put forward to account for the development of plasma around the condensed wire fragments. Experimental parameters used in this study are defined. Wires studied were typically copper, with a diameter of 1 mm and length in excess of 150 mm. Circuit inductance used were from 26 to 800 µH. This relatively high circuit inductance gave circuit rise times less than 180 MA s-1, slow with respect to many other exploding wire studies. Discharge duration ranged from 0.8 to 10 ms.
IIHS Side Impact Parametric Study using LS-DYNA ®

Side impact crashes are the second most common reason for vehicle passenger deaths after frontal crashes. In 2003, the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) introduced its side impact crash test using a Moving Deformable Barrier (MDB) to encourage manufacturers to implement safety improvements, including side airbag coverage and stronger side structures, in most vehicle models. While many vehicles were rated poor in the beginning of testing in 2005, most of the vehicles were rated good in 2015. Improved IIHS ratings are associated with a more than 30% reduction in passenger deaths in multiple-vehicle side impact crashes. Of the remaining fatal side impact crashes, the majority are occurring at a more forward impact location and higher severity compared to the IIHS test. For this reason, the IIHS is planning a series of full-scale tests to evaluate the effect of different impacting vehicles and test setups with respect to today’s test protocol. For reducing costly, time-consuming, and complex full-scale testing, finite element (FE) simulations play an important role and are successfully used in vehicle safety research and development. Therefore, the aim of this study was to complement the ongoing IIHS full-scale side impact crash test study with FE simulations. This study features a validated FE model of a 2015 midsize sedan as the target vehicle in the IIHS test configuration. The parametric study varied bullet vehicle characteristics: bullet vehicle velocity (50 km/h vs. 60 km/h), bullet vehicle mass, and impact location relative to the target vehicle’s occupant compartment. Available bullet vehicle models represent small and midsize passenger cars, sport utility vehicles (SUVs), and pickups in addition to a model of the standard IIHS MDB. Impact severity of the target vehicle was assessed from measures of maximum lateral B-pillar intrusion relative to the driver-seat centerline, used for calculating IIHS structural ratings, Bpillar peak lateral velocity, and maximum crush of the door at chest and pelvic height. In the standard IIHS configuration, the MDB was more severe than the small and midsize cars, but less severe than the midsize SUV or pickup. Aspects of the MDB’s geometry make its impact pattern more SUV-like, but a lower mass decreases the severity. Increasing the MDB mass to 2,000 kg resulted in structural intrusions more similar to the midsize SUV. At the higher velocity of 60 km/h, the bullet vehicles produced structural intrusions ranging from good to poor ratings. Either a higher mass striking vehicle or greater impact speed can be used to create a more severe impact configuration, with the higher impact speed having a greater effect. An evaluation of more forward impact locations indicated that the most structurally challenging impact location was at the current IIHS configuration, not farther forward. This parametric study provided insights into the types of crash configuration changes IIHS may consider when conducting full-scale research tests developing a higher severity side impact test to address real-world injured occupants in good-rated vehicles.
Polarization of Spin One-Half Particles

The polarization of spin one-half particles may be calculated in two different ways. Either the polarization is evaluated directly by calculating the number of particles polarized in a given direction minus the number polarized in the opposite direction divided by the total number of particles, or with the density matrix approach. The purpose here is to discuss both of the above techniques in an elementary and self-contained fashion. Their equivalence is demonstrated by a calculation of polarization with each method for a general process.
Memory for vowel exemplars

Listeners can recognize both the voice of a familiar speaker and the words spoken. The experiment reported in this paper explored the interaction of these two perceptual abilities. In particular, it was hypothesized that vowel perception is tied to speaker identity. This hypothesis predicts that vowel perception performance will vary as a function of the listener’s exposure to the voice of the speaker. Two speakers served as models for sets of synthetic vowels which matched the speakers’ voice characteristics, formant bandwidths, and higher formant values. Eight groups of listeners manipulated the frequencies of the two lowest formants in a method of adjustment paradigm. The task was to make the synthetic vowel match the vowel qualities of words illustrating the monophthongs of English. For each voice, one group of listeners had no prior exposure to the target speaker, and three groups listened to one of three tape recordings of the speaker (and were instructed to ‘‘memorize the speaker’s voice and make t.
Stratified Turbulence: A Possible Interpretation of Some Geophysical Turbulence Measurements

Several existing sets of smaller-scale ocean and atmospheric data appear to display Kolmogorov-Obukov-Corrsin inertial ranges in horizontal spectra for length scales up to at least a few hundred meters. It is argued here that these data are inconsistent with the assumptions for these inertial range theories. Instead, it is hypothesized that the dynamics of stratified turbulence explain these data. If valid, these dynamics may also explain the behavior of strongly stratified flows in similar dynamic ranges of other geophysical flows.
Semiconductor lasers with optical injection and feedback

In this review we discuss the theoretical framework needed for studying the dynamical behaviour of semiconductor lasers exposed to three kinds of optical modulation. We start by a derivation of the single-mode rate-equations for the slowly varying complex electric field and the inversion, and the necessary extensions for monochromatic optical injection and normal external optical feedback. The basic operating characteristics of the solitary semiconductor laser are analysed, including light-current curves and their dependence on the spontaneous emission level, as well as the optical spectrum. The effect of monochromatic injection is discussed in terms of locking and non-locking dynamics, including a thermodynamic potential for phase jumps. The basic ingredients for studying external optical feedback are given, including a derivation of the thermodynamic potential for phase-diffusion. After an introduction on optical phase conjugation, the field rate-equation for feedback from a phase-conjugate mirror is derived.
Fueling-controlled growth of massive black holes

Abstract We study the relation between nuclear massive black holes and their host spheroid gravitational potential. Using AMR numerical simulations, we analyze how gas is transported into the nuclear (central kpc) regions of galaxies. We study gas fueling onto the inner accretion disk (sub-pc scale) and star formation in a massive nuclear disk like those generally found in proto-spheroids (ULIRGs, SCUBA Galaxies). These sub-pc resolution simulations of gas fueling, which is mainly depleted by star formation, naturally satisfy the ‘MBH - Mvirial’ relation, with a scatter considerably less than that observed. We find that a generalized version of the Kennicutt-Schmidt Law for starbursts is satisfied, in which the total gas depletion rate (Ṁgas = ṀBH + ṀSF) scales as Mgas/torbital.
Synthetic spectra of supernovae

The predicted characteristics of individual line profiles and blends formed by resonance scattering in supernova envelopes are described. Synthetic spectra consisting of blended scattering profiles on an underlying continuum are compared with McDonald Observatory spectra of Type I and Type II supernova. The synthetic spectra account reasonably well for many of the features observed during the early phases of both types, although not for the Balmer lines in the Type II. Some rough constraints on the density profiles and chemical compositions of the observable layers of the envelopes are given.
Simultaneous pose motion recovery and video object cutout

In this paper, we present a novel system for simultaneously performing segmentation and 2D pose motion recovery for the articulated object in a video sequence. The system first preprocesses pixels into superpixels to reduce the number of nodes which largely affects the computational complexity of later optimizations. By starting from true pose estimation obtained with user assistants on each key frame, a parallel pose tracking procedure, whose energy function considers boundary, appearance and pose prior information as well, is conducted forward and backward on in-between frames. With different searching strategies, multiple pose candidates are inferred to help recover missed true poses. Finally, by solving the cost function of the pose motion recovery, which exploits the temporal coherence of object movement, the pose motion and the video object are produced at the mean time. As a parameterized tree-based articulated model drawn by the user is applied to denote the pose, our method is generic and can be used for any articulated object.