Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using Simulation to Test Validity and Reliability of I-BIDS: A New Handoff Tool

Background Patient safety and improved outcomes are core priorities in healthcare, and effective handoffs are essential to these priorities. Validating handoff tools using simulation is a novel approach. Methods The construct validity and instrument reliability of the I-BIDS© tool were tested. In Phase I, construct validity was substantiated with a convenience sample of 21 healthcare providers through an electronic survey. Content Validity Ratio (CVR) was tabulated using Lawshe’s CVR. Interrater reliability was tested in a simulated handoff scenario, in Phase II, with graduate nursing students and two raters, and simulation effectiveness was assessed by students. Results Construct validity was evaluated, and 17 of the 25 items were found significant at the critical level (0.42). Items scoring below were removed, and the tool was reduced by one category. Weighted kappa (Kw) with quadratic weights was run from the scenario data to determine if there was an agreement between raters of handoff performance. There was a statistically significant agreement between the two raters, Kw = . 627 (95% CI: .549–.705), p < . 001) with good strength of the agreement. SET-M Total mean was 55.64 (SD = 2.46). Discussion The tool showed beginning validity and interrater reliability. The SET-M Learning subscale showed the widest range of scores which suggests the most opportunity for improvement. Use of the tool in simulated scenarios may be one way to test the items further. Conclusions Simulation was effective in facilitating the evaluation of the tool.
Are Family Firms Doing More Innovation Output With Less Innovation Input? A Replication and Extension

The role of family firms in innovation and the question of whether family firms show differences in innovation investments and outcomes are intensely debated. To address these issues, Duran, Kammerlander, van Essen, and Zellweger (2016) published a meta-analytic structural equation model showing that family firms produce more innovation output with less innovation input. In the present article, we present the results of two empirical studies. Study 1 replicates the original methodological approach and study 2 provides an extension by using an updated and enlarged sample of 290 papers, adopting a more advanced multilevel approach, and controlling for firm age. The results show that while we could successfully replicate the original results of DKEZ in study 1, study 2 revealed only a weak negative effect of family firm status on innovation input and no effect on innovation output. Our results suggest that family firms are not producing more innovation output with less innovation input and that further research should focus on the heterogeneity within the group of family firms rather than simply comparing family to nonfamily firms. We close with a discussion of the methodological implications for meta-analyses in entrepreneurship research and a call for future research on family firm innovation. Our dataset and analytical procedures are publicly available.
Perception of Pitch Height and Prominence by Old and Young listeners

For understanding speech, it is crucial for listeners to perceive intonational cues associated with high-information sites, such as stress and accents. Although much research has been done on the perception of intonation in younger listeners, little is known about potential age-related differences. The present study tested younger (21-35 years old) and older (63-75 years old) listeners who were native English speakers using an online platform. Participants carried out a two-alternative forced-choice task to identify relative pitch height or prominence between either two f0 peaks or valleys in an utterance. Our expectation that older listeners would show reduced discrimination compared to younger listeners was partially met. Some older listeners may have declined capacity to track rapidly changing f0 contours, and older listeners showed reduced discrimination for valleys, particularly for judging prominence.
An improved two-stage label propagation algorithm based on LeaderRank

Abstract To solve the problems of poor stability and low modularity (Q) of community division results caused by the randomness of node selection and label update in the traditional label propagation algorithm, an improved two-stage label propagation algorithm based on LeaderRank was proposed in this study. In the first stage, the order of node updating was determined by the participation coefficient (PC). Then, a new similarity measure was defined to improve the label selection mechanism so as to solve the problem of label oscillation caused by multiple labels of the node with the most similarity to the node. Moreover, the influence of the nodes was comprehensively used to find the initial community structure. In the second stage, the rough communities obtained in the first stage were regarded as nodes, and their merging sequence was determined by the PC. Next, the non-weak community and the community with the largest number of connected edges were combined. Finally, the community structure was further optimized to improve the modularity so as to obtain the final partition result. Experiments were performed on nine classic realistic networks and 19 artificial datasets with different scales, complexities, and densities. The modularity and normalized mutual information (NMI) were used as evaluation indexes for comparing the improved algorithm with dozens of relevant classic algorithms. The results showed that the proposed algorithm yields superior performance, and the results of community partitioning obtained using the improved algorithm were stable and more accurate than those obtained using other algorithms. In addition, the proposed algorithm always performs well in nine large-scale artificial data sets with 6,000 to 50,000 nodes and three large realistic network datasets, which verifies its computational performance and utility in community detection for large-scale networks.
Evaluation of cytotoxic activity of live toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites and toxoplasma antigen on MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line

The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic potency of live Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites as well as Toxoplasma antigen on MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. Cancer cell lines are considered an essential preliminary step towards in-vitro investigation of the potential antineoplastic impact of novel chemotherapeutic agents. Pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and parasites are noticeably under investigation, considering their potential antineoplastic activity. Some have attained a steady position in the clinical field as hepatitis B virus, human papilloma virus and BCG immunization. Toxoplasma gondii is an apicomplexan parasite with promising antineoplastic activity. In this study, live Toxoplasma tachyzoites provoked a direct cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 in a dose dependent manner, while Toxoplasma antigen didn’t induce such impact. Skipping the direct cytotoxic effect of Toxoplasma antigen doesn’t totally divert the possible antineoplastic activity of Toxoplasma antigen. Potential alternative immune mediated mechanisms could be an alternative. Further in-vivo studies in different cancer models are mandatory to investigate the underlying mechanisms of antineoplastic activity of Toxoplasma gondii
Trust-Based Research: Influencing Factors of Patients’ Medical Choice Behavior in the Online Medical Community

The medical service is a special credit commodity, and trust plays a very important role in patients’ online medical choice behavior. By collecting information about the doctors on China’s leading online medical platform (Platform A), a regression analysis model was constructed, based on the credibility theory model, which has the following three dimensions: ability trust, benevolence trust, and integrity trust. The results showed that the medical title of the doctors, their department’s reputation, the number of gifts given to them, and the number of patients who registered with them after diagnosis, among other factors, had a significant, positive impact on the behavior of choosing doctors. Among these considerations, the number of patients registered after diagnosis had the greatest impact on the behavior of choosing doctors. This factor is the result of each doctor’s personal brand management, which reflects their comprehensive ability, reputation and integrity. Compared with previous studies, this paper creatively analyzed the important influence of departmental reputation and the number of patients registered after diagnosis on medical choice behavior and puts forward that a doctor can use the number of patients registered after diagnosis to manage their personal brand. Based on the results of this study, we will also put forward suggestions from the perspectives of patients, doctors and the online medical community.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SEMANTIC SEGMENTATION OF CORAL IMAGES IN UNDERWATER PHOTOGRAMMETRY

Abstract. Regular monitoring activities are important for assessing the influence of unfavourable factors on corals and tracking subsequent recovery or decline. Deep learning-based underwater photogrammetry provides a comprehensive solution for automatic large-scale and precise monitoring. It can quickly acquire a large range of underwater coral reef images, and extract information from these coral images through advanced image processing technology and deep learning methods. This procedure has three major components: (a) Generation of 3D models, (b) understanding of relevant corals in the images, and (c) tracking of those models over time and spatial change analysis. This paper focusses on issue (b), it applies five state-of-the-art neural networks to the semantic segmentation of coral images, compares their performance, and proposes a new coral semantic segmentation method. Finally, in order to quantitatively evaluate the performance of neural networks for semantic segmentation in these experiments, this paper uses mean class-wise Intersection over Union (mIoU), the most commonly used accuracy measure in semantic segmentation, as the standard metric. Meanwhile, considering that the coral boundary is very irregular and the evaluation index of IoU is not accurate enough, a new segmentation evaluation index based on boundary quality, Boundary IoU, is also used to evaluate the segmentation effect. The proposed trained network can accurately distinguish living from dead corals, which could reflect the health of the corals in the area of interest. The classification results show that we achieve state-of-the-art performance compared to other methods tested on the dataset provided in this paper on underwater coral images.
Grazing Ecology of Sheep and Its Impact on Vegetation and Animal Health on Pastures Dominated by Common Ragwort (Senecio jacobaea L.)—Part 2: Animal Health

Simple Summary Common ragwort (Senecio jacobaea L.) contains potentially toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA). Occurring on sites of roughage production, it contaminates the harvest. Regardless of fresh or dried intake, ragwort may result in fatal liver cirrhosis in livestock animals. Controlling ragwort, especially without biocides in nature conservation areas, is difficult. Since sheep seemed more resistant to PA in experiments, we tested how this animal species copes with ragwort under field and free-choice conditions. On a ragwort-rich pasture with a stocking density of 12 sheep/hectare, animals grazed for six months over two grazing seasons. From 70 sheep in the beginning, seven were slaughtered every six weeks for analysis of liver parameters, including seven control animals in the beginning of each grazing season. We addressed two questions: (1) To what extent do sheep voluntarily ingest ragwort on contaminated pastures? (2) Which impact on animal health does this grazing behavior have? Sheep ingested large amounts of ragwort, exceeding the assumed lethal dose established under experimental conditions by up to 200%. Behavior, body condition, and liver enzymes mainly remained unchanged. From the point of view of animal health and nature conservation, sheep grazing might be an option to reduce the amount of ragwort on pastures. Abstract Common ragwort (Senecio jacobaea L.) naturally occurs on species-rich grasslands. Containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA), it endangers livestock health through contaminated feed. Although in vitro studies showed a detoxification capacity of PA in sheep, few field data are available on the ability of grazing sheep to cope with ragwort. During two grazing seasons on a ragwort-rich pasture, we studied: (1) To what extent do sheep voluntarily ingest ragwort and (2) What impact their grazing behavior has on animal health. Ragwort intake was monitored by counting missing plant parts and calculating their weight. From 70 sheep, seven were slaughtered at the beginning and in six-week intervals at the end of each grazing period to monitor blood parameters and liver tissue. Sheep continuously preferred ragwort. The daily intake was above the currently assumed lethal dose, varying between 0.2–4.9 kg per sheep. Clinical, hematologic, and blood biochemistry parameters mostly remained within the reference limits. Initially elevated liver copper content declined over time. The liver of all 70 animals displayed slight to moderate hepatitis, fibrosis, and proliferation of the bile ducts, but no morphological signs of liver cirrhosis. Sheep preferred and tolerated ragwort, making their grazing an option to control ragwort from both an animal health and nature conservation perspective.
Sistem Pelaporan Pajak Pertambahan Nilai pada Web dengan Menggunakan Teknik Blockchain

Abstrak—Blockchain merupakan sebuah teknologi baru yang sedang berkembang. Sifat blockchain terdesentralisasi digunakan pada jaringan untuk proses validasi data dan penyimpanan pada node. Teknologi ini menggunakan teknik kriptografi dan penggunaannya dimanfaatkan dalam bidang keuangan. Pada pemerintahan dapat diterapkan pada Faktur Pajak sebagai bukti telah dilakukan pungutan Pajak Pertambahan Nilai. Dengan blockchain diharapkan dapat mempermudah proses pembuatan dan validasi Faktur Pajak. Namun, dikarenakan pembayaran harus menggunakan Rupiah, pembuatan Faktur Pajak berupa kontrak pintar tidak dapat ditumpangkan pada jaringan blockchain yang sudah ada seperti mata uang kripto. Maka dari itu diperlukan perancangan blockchain yang sesuai untuk sistem pelaporan PPN di Indonesia. Jaringan blockchain perpajakan yang digunakan topologi mesh agar memiliki data dan sifat yang sama pada setiap node. Pembuatan digital signature pada eFaktur (Faktur Pajak elektronik) sebagai kontrak pintar digunakan sebagai proses validasi Faktur Pajak. Kemudian Faktur Pajak dikirim dan disimpan pada blok baru berdasarkan tingkat kerumitan penambangan. Hasil dari Tugas Akhir ini berupa pembuatan e-Faktur pada browser dapat digunakan sebagai kontrak pintar yang divalidasikan pada node menggunakan pasangan kunci. Dalam pengujian disimpulkan bahwa tingkat kerumitan penambangan yang besar diperlukan waktu penambangan yang lebih lama. Maka dalam perancangan sistem setiap node harus memiliki konfigurasi yang sama agar lama waktu penambangan dan penambahan blok baru memiliki waktu yang sama.
Exploring enablers and obstacles to policy‐oriented learning in Swedish marine national park planning

This article deepens our understanding of the preconditions for policy-oriented learning in conflictive marine conservation, provides an analytical framework for further studies and formulates recommendations for practitioners on what to consider when establishing protected areas. Our seas are under increasing pressure but lag behind in protection. Climate change, intensifying use and biodiversity loss challenge current practises and imply trade-offs between conservation and use. While nature conservation ranks high internationally, national protection attempts often result in controversies, with actors aligning in opposing advocacy coalitions — for and against the proposals. Policy-oriented learning is one way to overcome controversies. It involves processes whereby actors gain new knowledge and experiences, leading to changed beliefs about the problems and possible solutions. We aimed to explore and explain policy-oriented learning through a comparative longitudinal case study of two Swedish national park planning processes with different outcomes: Koster Sea national park, established 2009, and Sankt Anna archipelago remaining without park. Which characteristics related to context, actors and processes influence policy-oriented learning in conflictive marine conservation processes? The results suggest that a set of complementary factors explain the different outcomes. First, learning is facilitated by contexts where actors from both coalitions depend on the resource and its protection and have experience of collaboration, and where conservation planning is well integrated with other governance processes. Second, engaged key actors with moderate views facilitating interactions and able to identify common interests and deescalate conflicts are important — supported, third, by various forums allowing exchange of knowledge and learning across coalitions.
Possible Association between Space Weather Variables, and the World’s COVID-19 Cases

This study aims to investigate the influential role of space weather parameters on the transmission of COVID-19. Solar radio flux, interplanetary magnetic field, Dst index, sunspot number, and solar wind speed were utilized to represent the space weather variables. The association of the considered variables to the number of the confirmed COVID-19 cases worldwide along with five geographical categories, i.e. Asia, Europe, Africa, South, and North America, were investigated for a period ranging from 20 January 2020 to 5 August 2021 using Pearson linear tests as well as the non-parametric Spearman’s and Kendall’s rank correlation tests. Pearson linear tests showed that the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases worldwide and the chosen geographical categories have a significant correlation to interplanetary magnetic strength, solar radio flux F10.7, and sunspot number. When the confirmed COVID-19 cases reported in the Asia continent were excluded, the solar wind speed correlated significantly with the number of COVID-19 cases reported elsewhere in the world and the other geographical categories. The non-parametric Kendall and Pearson tests showed that the world’s COVID-19 cases and the other geographical categories had significant correlations with the interplanetary magnetic field, radio flux F10.7, sunspot number, and the solar wind speed, but not with the Dst index.
Natural Products Containing the Nitrile Functional Group and Their Biological Activities

The importance of nitriles as a key class of chemicals with applications across the sciences is widely appreciated. The natural world is an underappreciated source of chemically diverse nitriles. With this in mind, this review describes novel nitrile-containing molecules isolated from natural sources from 1998 to 2021, as well as a discussion of the biological activity of these compounds. This study gathers 192 molecules from varied origins across the plant, animal, and microbial worlds. Their biological activity is extremely diverse, with many potential medicinal applications.
Is There Risk Compensation among HIV Infected Youth and Adults 15 Years and Older on Antiretroviral Treatment in South Africa? Findings from the 2017 National HIV Prevalence, Incidence, Behaviour and Communication Survey

In this paper, risk compensation among individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART), using the 2017 South African national survey on HIV, is explored. A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling approach was used to realize 11,130 participants 15 years and older. Logistic regression analysis assessed the association between multiple sexual partners, condom use at last sexual encounter, consistency of condom usage and potential explanatory variables using HIV status and ART exposure as a mediator variable. HIV positive participants who were aware and on ART were less likely to have multiple sexual partners, and less likely not to use a condom at last sex compared to HIV positive participants who were aware but not on ART. The odds of reporting multiple sexual partners were significantly lower among older age groups, females, non-Black Africans, and rural settings, and higher among those with tertiary level education, and risky alcohol users. The odds of no condom use at last sexual encounter were more likely among older age groups, females, other race groups, and less likely among those with secondary level education. The odds of inconsistent condom use were more likely among older age groups, females, and other race groups, and less likely among those with tertiary level education, high risk and hazardous alcohol users. Risk compensation is not apparent among HIV infected adults who are on ART. Risk groups that should receive tailored interventions to reduced risky sexual behaviours were identified.
As Variáveis Relacionadas à Escolha do Modo de Entrada em Mercados Internacionais

The aim of this study is to analyze the variables related to the choice of entry mode in international markets made by executives of Brazilian companies in the electronics sector. To this end, was conducted a qualitative study of exploratory nature. More specifically, were collected interviews with nine business executives who have experienced processes of internationalization and choice of entry modes and with five experts on the topic. The data processed through the technique of thematic content analysis allowed to verify that the variables considered by Brazilian executives during the decision of entry mode are as follows: (i) cost; (ii) control; (iii) risk; (iv) cultural distance; (v) geographical distance; (vi) speed of internationalization and total travel time; (vii) multinational experience of the firm; (viii) market attractiveness; (ix) incentives of Brazilian entities; (x) the choice of the right partner; and, (xi) return from the operation. Still, based on the data obtained, it was possible to observe that the entry mode most used by the companies interviewed in the electronics sector is the exportation, while the franchises don't call the attention of executives.
Mushrooms as Efficient Enzymatic Machinery

Mushrooms are generous source of nutritional, medicinal compounds, and industrial uses of the mushrooms still need to be worked out for their important applications. Mushrooms have significant enzymatic machinery allowing their application in different industries. Capabilities of different members of mushrooms have encouraged researchers to investigate further applications of these macrofungi in fields other than food and pharmaceutical industries. Specially, owing to the current shortage in global resources, contamination caused by plastic components and the incredible increase in population worldwide needs alternatives through macrofungi. Therefore this review aims to put light spot on enzymes production by mushrooms.