Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Use of Bi-Nasal Prongs for Delivery of Non-Invasive Ventilation to Foals

Simple Summary Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is a method of providing respiratory support without the need for airway intubation. In human patients, NIV can be delivered through a helmet, a mask or nasal prongs. The current study was undertaken to assess whether foals tolerate nasal prongs for the delivery of NIV. Bi-nasal prongs were well tolerated by healthy, standing foals, remaining in place for the allocated five minutes in four of six unsedated foals and, subsequently, in five of six lightly sedated foals. All foals tolerated NIV through bi-nasal prongs, although increasing airway pressures were associated with increased air leakage and discomfort in most foals, prompting discontinuation of treatment. These results suggest that bi-nasal prongs might be suitable for NIV in foals but that design or fitting requires further optimization and, in clinical cases, the lowest possible pressures should be used commensurate with necessary respiratory support. Abstract Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is a method of providing respiratory support without the need for airway intubation. The current study was undertaken to assess tolerance to bi-nasal prongs and NIV in healthy, standing, lightly sedated foals. Bi-nasal prongs were well tolerated by foals, remaining in place for the allocated five minutes in four of six unsedated foals and, subsequently, in five of six lightly sedated foals. All foals tolerated NIV through bi-nasal prongs, although increasing airway pressures were associated with increases in inspiratory volume, duration of inspiration and air leakage in most foals. These changes preceded discontinuation/intolerance of NIV on the basis of behaviour changes consistent with discomfort. Increased circuit leakage was associated with reduced return of expired air to the ventilator and increasing disparity between inspiratory and expiratory times and tidal volumes. The study results suggest that bi-nasal prongs might be suitable for NIV but that design or fitting requires further optimization and that behaviour and ventilator variables should be monitored to assess patient tolerance of the procedure.
PENGEMBANGAN UMKM KULINER DI ERA DIGITAL: PERAN INOVASI DAN JARINGAN BISNIS DI KOTA SAMPANG

Perkembangan bisnis dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, baik internal maupun eksternal perusahaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan pengaruh jaringan bisnis dan inovasi produk terhadap pengembangan usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah di sektor kuliner. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksplanatori. Populasi adalah UMKM kuliner di Kota Sampang, khususnya di Banyuanyar dengan sampel sebanyak 30 UMKM yang diambil menggunakan teknik disproportionate stratified random sampling dan simple random sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linear. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jaringan bisnis dan inovasi produk memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pengembangan usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah di sektor kuliner. Peneliti menyarankan agar UMKM selalu meningkatkan kolaborasi dengan berbagai pihak untuk memperluas jaringan bisnis, meningkatkan inovasi produk, dan meningkatkan daya saing agar UMKM dapat terus berkembang di tengah persaingan saat ini.
Questionnaire for Orchestra Musicians: Validation of the Online Version of the Musculoskeletal Pain Intensity and Interference Questionnaire for Polish Musicians (MPIIQM-P)

Background: The only complete and validated tool for evaluating professional orchestra musicians is the English-language Musculoskeletal Pain Intensity and Interference Questionnaire for professional orchestra Musicians (MPIIQM) questionnaire, which, in recent years, has been translated, adapted, and validated in other languages. The aim of the study was to validate the online version of the Polish version of the Musculoskeletal Pain Intensity and Interference Questionnaire for Musicians (MPIIQM-P). Materials and Methods: The group included 182 professional musicians. The respondents were asked to complete the MPIIQM-P, BPI, and QuickDash questionnaires twice within an interval of 4 days. The questionnaires were created in the web form creator—Google Form. Results: The EFA analysis showed a two-factor structure of the questionnaire consisting of factor 1—pain intensity and factor 2—pain interference. The internal agreement of the factors identified in the EFA analysis was measured by the α Cronbach index reaching from 0.813 to 0.913. The intraclass correlation coefficient of both factors ranged from 0.276 to 0.583. The analysis of convergent and divergent validity between the subscales of the questionnaire value ranged from 0.414 to 0.925. Conclusions: The online version of the MPIIQM-P questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for the assessment of musculoskeletal pain and interference. The online MPIIQM-P questionnaire maintains the psychometric properties previously defined for the paper version.
Tata Kelola Koperasi Syariah di Indonesia: Studi Literatur Review

This study comprehensively evaluates the implementation of governance in Sharia cooperatives in Indonesia, focusing on decision-making, transparency, and justice. In the context of rapid economic growth, Sharia cooperatives are expected to be an alternative financial pillar, adhering to Sharia principles and promoting economic justice and sustainability. However, previous research has identified several obstacles, including a lack of transparency, low member participation, challenges in implementing Sharia principles, and structural issues. In-depth literature reviews, such as those by Wahyudin et al. (2022) and Nurhidayati (2018), cover the dimensions of Sharia cooperative governance, highlighting crucial factors affecting governance quality. This study employs a descriptive analytical method, collecting data from literature, official documents, and recent publications. The analysis indicates that many Sharia cooperatives have not fully implemented effective governance, requiring improvements in transparency, member participation, Sharia principle application, and structural enhancements. The conclusion emphasizes the urgency of improving the quality of Sharia cooperative governance to effectively contribute to sustainable and inclusive economic development in Indonesia. The implications of this research involve recommendations for enhancing Sharia cooperative governance, providing valuable guidance for stakeholders, and enriching scholarly literature in the fields of cooperatives and Sharia economics.
Remote Linkages to Anomalous Winter Atmospheric Ridging Over the Northeastern Pacific

Severe drought in California between 2013 and 2016 has been linked to the multiyear persistence of anomalously high atmospheric pressure over the northeastern Pacific Ocean, which deflected the Pacific storm track northward and suppressed regional precipitation during California's winter “rainy season. ” Multiple hypotheses have emerged regarding why this high pressure ridge near the west coast of North America was so resilient—including unusual sea surface temperature patterns in the Pacific Ocean, reductions in Arctic sea ice, random atmospheric variability, or some combination thereof. Here we explore relationships between previously documented atmospheric conditions over the North Pacific and several potential remote oceanic and cryospheric influences using both observational data and a large ensemble of climate model simulations. Our results suggest that persistent wintertime atmospheric ridging similar to that implicated in California's 2013–2016 drought can at least partially be linked to unusual Pacific sea surface temperatures and that Pacific Ocean conditions may offer some degree of cool‐season foresight in this region despite the presence of substantial internal variability.
Vie privée et Internet: influence des caractéristiques individuelles et situationnelles sur les attitudes et les comportements des internautes face à la collecte de leurs données personnelles

The qualitative study presented in this article allowed us to develop a conceptual framework, with a view to show the answering process of net surfers when being asked personal data on the web. Beyond individual and situational variables, this framework brings in several mediatory variables (including the perceived consequences of the data request) and emphasis the wide range of answering strategies.
Quality of Bebek Ungkep as Affected by Natural Feed Additives

This study aimed to determine the effect of natural feed additives on the quality of ducks based on chemical, microbiological, and organoleptic parameters. Â The experimental design used in this study was the Completely Randomized Design, which consisted of 2 treatments, namely P0 (ducks were fed commercial feed during rearing) and P1 (ducks were given additional natural feed during rearing), with each treatment pentaplicates. Â The observed variables were chemical properties (moisture content, protein content, ash content, fat content, cholesterol content, and saturated fatty acid content), microbiological properties (TPC, number of Enterobacteriaceae colonies, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes) and organoleptic quality (color, aroma, texture, taste and overall). Â The data collected in this study were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Â The results showed an alteration of cholesterol content in Bebek Ungkep with natural additives during rearing. Â Besides that, there was no significant difference in the parameters of the microorganisms. Â For organoleptic, there is no significant difference for all parameters (taste, color, texture, overall) except aroma.
Complete and non-overlapping marching along a closed regular intersection curve ?

In this paper we present an algorithm for estimating the rota ti n index of a closed regular intersection curve from its singular points. On the basis of this index we have also de vised a procedure that guarantees that a closed intersection curve will be traced completely, without over lapping. Combining this procedure with marching steps derived from differential geometric properties has result ed in a robust intersection technique.
Palladium Phthalocyanine Nanowire-Based Highly Sensitive Sensors for NO2(g) Detection

Palladium phthalocyanine (PdPc) nanowires (NWs) were developed to achieve the gas sensing of NO2 in the sub-parts-per-million (ppm) range. Non-substituted metal phthalocyanine are well known for their p-type semiconducting behavior, which is responsible for its gas-sensing capabilities. Nanofabrication of the PdPc NWs was performed by physical vapor deposition (PVD) on an interdigitated gold electrode (IDE). The coordination of palladium in the structure was confirmed with UV–Vis spectroscopy. Gas-sensing experiments for NO2 detection were undertaken at different sensed gas concentrations from 4 ppm to 0.5 ppm at room temperature. In this work, the responses at different gas concentrations are reported. In addition, structural studies of the PdPc NWs with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDS) are shown.
Effect of Long-Term Double Rice Cultivation with Different Management Practices on C Sequestration and Economics under Hot Semi-Arid Climate in India

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is one of the most important components in soil that contributes positively to soil fertility, soil tilth, crop production, and overall soil sustainability (Lal, 1997; Reeves, 1997). Since soil is the major reservoir of terrestrial C any attempt to enrich this reservoir through sequestration of atmospheric C will help to manage global warming and achieve global food security to a great extent. Crop cultivation is known to adversely affect the distribution and stability of soil aggregates and reduces SOC stock in soils (Kong et al., 2005). The impacts of cultivation on C stock have commonly been observed to be restricted mostly to surface soils and/or to root zone depth (Paustian et al., 1997b). Altering soil physico-chemical properties by management practices may increase one or more of the protective attributes which International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 7 (2017) pp. 1989-1996 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Quality of life of people with multiple sclerosis and their caregivers

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease that interferes with the quality of life (QoL) of people with MS and their caregivers. Objectives: To assess the perception of QoL of people with MS and their caregivers. To assess the perception of QoL of people with MS and their caregivers according to gender. To compare the QoL of people with MS with the QoL of their caregivers. Methodology: Application of a questionnaire on the sociodemographic characteristics and QoL (WHOQOL-Bref) in 2 groups, and clinical profiling of people with MS. Results: People with MS and caregivers have a better perception of QoL in the domain of Social relationships and a worse perception in the physical domain. Women with MS and male caregivers have better QoL. The QoL of people with MS is different from that of caregivers, with a statistically significant difference in the overall QoL and general Health (p=.039), Physical (p=.001), and Environment (p=.012) domains. Conclusion: The results suggest that people with MS have worse QoL than caregivers. A nursing intervention should be planned to improve the QoL of both patients and caregivers.
Integrating Multiple Sources of Information for Improving Hydrological Modelling: An Ensemble Approach

The availability of Earth observation (EO) and numerical weather prediction data for hydrological modelling and water management has increased significantly, creating a situation that today, for the same variable, estimates may be available from two or more sources of information. Precipitation data, for example, can be obtained from rain gauges, weather radar, satellites, or outputs from numerical weather models. Land use data can be obtained from land survey, satellite imagery, or a combination of the two. Each of these data sources provides an estimate of a catchment characteristic and related hydrological model parameters, or of a hydrometeorological variable. Estimates from each data source vary in magnitude or temporal and spatial variability. It is not always possible to judge which data source is the most accurate. One data source may perform poorly in one situation but give an accurate estimate for another. Yet, in hydrological modelling, usually, a particular set of catchment characteristics and input data is selected, possibly ignoring other relevant data sources. One of the reasons may be that despite vast research and development efforts in integration methods for sub-sets of the available data sources, there is no comprehensive data-model integration framework assuming existence and enabling effective use of multiple data sources in hydrological modelling. The main objective of this thesis, therefore, is to develop such a data-model integration framework, and test it on a case study.
Associations between Autistic-like Traits and Imagery Ability

This article examines empirical associations between qualities of the imagination, mental imagery, and cognitive abilities with special reference to autism. This study is the first to explore the empirical relationships between autistic-like traits and tests of imagery differences. Imaginative impairments and distinctive sensory characteristics in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) should be reflected in their interactions with mental imagery. However, the relationship between ASD and imaging traits remains unclear. Based on the hypothesis that the degree of autistic-like traits is reflected in imagery traits, this study examined how the individual Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) relates to imagery ability in 250 college students. Two vividness tests and one imagery-type test were used to assess imagery ability. Scores in each imagery test were compared between the high-scoring group classified by the AQ and the rest of the participants and between the low-scoring group classified by the AQ and the other participants. This study also directly compared imagery test scores between the high- and low-scoring groups. In terms of the total AQ score, the high-scoring group exhibited lower visualization scores. Regarding AQ subscales, “imagination” had the most extensive relationship with imagery traits, with the high-scoring group (unimaginative) showing lower imagery vividness across various modalities as well as lower visualization and verbalization scores. This was followed by the “attention to detail” subscale, on which the high-scoring group (attentive to detail) showed higher vividness of visual imagery. The results of the low-scoring group exhibited, on the whole, opposite imagery tendencies to the high-scoring group. The results indicate that autistic-like traits are associated with qualities of the imagination and especially mental imagery ability.
Assessing ocean acidification and carboncycle perturbations during the end-Permianextinction using boron isotopes

The Permian-Triassic mass extinction represents the most severe environmental crisis in Earth’s history, which dictated the course for evolution of life until today. Volcanism from Siberian traps played a significant role involving a substantial input of relatively light carbon into the atmosphere leading to a combination of global warming by ~6°C, sporadic anoxia or euxinia, and ocean acidification. However, its detailed manifestation and environmental impact is yet to be fully understood. This lack of knowledge also extends to a better quantification of emitted and sequestered carbon budgets (cf. Gutjahr et al., 2017).
Improving Attendance and Enrolment at School for Children Living in Poverty

This paper summarises the findings of a large-scale structured review of 73 studies to identify promising interventions to increase school enrolment and attendance, particularly in less developed countries where school attendance is not mandatory. Evidence from the stronger studies suggests that for children living in poverty, provision of easy access to schools, making schools free at point of delivery and incentivising attendance/enrolment with cash offers are the most promising interventions. Incentives with conditions attached are more effective than non-conditional incentives. Paying cash to parents is more effective for young children, while cash incentives are more effective for older children if given directly. Providing easy access to free schools seems most promising in improving school attendance and enrolment in low and middle-income countries.
Ecosystems and Human Health: The Local Benefits of Forest Cover in Indonesia

Abstract This paper documents the effect of primary forest cover loss on increased incidence of malaria. The evidence is consistent with an ecological response. I show that land use change, anti-malarial programs or migration cannot explain the effect of primary forest cover loss on increased malarial incidence. Falsification tests reveal that the effect is specific to malaria, with forest cover having no discernible effect on other diseases with a disease ecology different from that of malaria. Back-of-the-envelope calculations indicate that the morbidity-related malaria-reducing local benefits of primary forests are at least $1-$2 per hectare.
The effect of reward on motor learning: different stage, different effect

Motor learning is a prominent and extensively studied subject in rehabilitation following various types of neurological disorders. Motor repair and rehabilitation often extend over months and years post-injury with a slow pace of recovery, particularly affecting the fine movements of the distal extremities. This extended period can diminish the motivation and persistence of patients, a facet that has historically been overlooked in motor learning until recent years. Reward, including monetary compensation, social praise, video gaming, music, and virtual reality, is currently garnering heightened attention for its potential to enhance motor motivation and improve function. Numerous studies have examined the effects and attempted to explore potential mechanisms in various motor paradigms, yet they have yielded inconsistent or even contradictory results and conclusions. A comprehensive review is necessary to summarize studies on the effects of rewards on motor learning and to deduce a central pattern from these existing studies. Therefore, in this review, we initially outline a framework of motor learning considering two major types, two major components, and three stages. Subsequently, we summarize the effects of rewards on different stages of motor learning within the mentioned framework and analyze the underlying mechanisms at the level of behavior or neural circuit. Reward accelerates learning speed and enhances the extent of learning during the acquisition and consolidation stages, possibly by regulating the balance between the direct and indirect pathways (activating more D1-MSN than D2-MSN) of the ventral striatum and by increasing motor dynamics and kinematics. However, the effect varies depending on several experimental conditions. During the retention stage, there is a consensus that reward enhances both short-term and long-term memory retention in both types of motor learning, attributed to the LTP learning mechanism mediated by the VTA-M1 dopaminergic projection. Reward is a promising enhancer to bolster waning confidence and motivation, thereby increasing the efficiency of motor learning and rehabilitation. Further exploration of the circuit and functional connections between reward and the motor loop may provide a novel target for neural modulation to promote motor behavior.