Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sequence Requirement for Expression of the Drosophila melanogaster Heat Shock Protein hsp22 Gene during Heat Shock and Normal Development

A 14-base-pair sequence element present in almost all Drosophia melanogaster heat shock genes has been implicated in the heat inducibility of transcription. The D. melanogaster gene encoding the smallest heat shock protein, hsp22, contains within its 5' flanking sequences three such repeats, two close to the transcription start site and a distally located third one 101 base pairs further upstream. Deletion analyses reveal that the 5' flanking sequences required for full expression of the hsp22 gene extend beyond the distal repeat. Deletion of the furthest upstream repeat results in a five to sixfold reduction of gene expression. The small heat shock genes are transiently expressed in the late third instar larval and early pupal stages without external stimulation. A deletion of 5' flanking sequences to position -194, which includes two nucleotides of the distal heat shock element, has no effect on the developmental expression, whereas removal of an additional 18 nucleotides, including 12 nucleotides of the distal heat shock element, severely reduces developmental expression. The heat shock genes of Drosophila melanogaster are coordinately induced as a response to the exposure to certain chemicals or high temperatures as well as during recovery from anoxia reference All but one of these genes contain within their 5' flanking regions one to four copies of the 14-base-pair (bp) sequence element, the heat shock element (HSE) of the four HSEs which are located the hsp7O gene transcription specifi- shock resulted in the construct containing the intact AccI-BamHI fragment. Restriction at the PstI site and removal of the 3' overhangs were performed to inactivate the ,-lactamase gene of pBR322. Constructs having the hsp22 gene inserted in an orientation opposite to that of the indicator genes are designated with the letter A; the others are indicated with the letter B. hsp22 is inserted downstream of the rosy gene and upstream of the white gene. The deletion endpoints of the A and B constructs are adjacent to the EcoRI and the Hindlll sites in the polylinker of car20, respectively. The XbaI-EcoRI fragments of the A constructs and the Xba-HindIII fragments of the B constructs spanning the deletion endpoints were cloned into the XbaI-EcoRI sites of M13mpll and the XbaI-HindIII sites of M13mplO, respectively, and were sequenced by the method of Sanger et al. (40).
Lipidome‐ and Genome‐Wide Study to Understand Sex Differences in Circulatory Lipids

Despite well-recognized difference in the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk between men and women, sex differences in risk factors and sex specific mechanisms in the pathophysiology of ASCVD remain poorly understood. Lipid metabolism plays a central role in the development of ASCVD. Understanding sex differences in lipids and their genetic determinants could provide mechanistic insights into sex differences in ASCVD and aid in precise risk assessment. Thus, we examined sex differences in plasma levels of 179 lipid species from 7,266 participants and performed sex-stratified genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to evaluate contribution of genetic factors in sex differences. We sought for replication using independent data from 2,045 participants. Significant sex differences in levels of 141 lipid species were observed (P<7.0x10-4). Interestingly, 121 lipid species showed significant age-sex interactions with opposite age-related changes in 39 lipid species. In general, most of the cholesteryl esters, ceramides, lysophospholipids and glycerides were higher in 45-50-year-old men compared with women of same age, but the sex-differences narrowed down or reversed with age. We did not observe any major differences in genetic effect in the sex stratified GWAS which suggests that common genetic variants do not have a major role in sex differences in lipidome. In conclusion, our study provides a comprehensive view of sex differences in circulatory lipids pointing to potential sex differences in lipid metabolism, and highlights need for sex- and age-specific prevention strategies.
Long-term consequences of treating postnatal depression with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: Exploring effects on mother and child

Background Although selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a recommended intervention for postnatal depression (PND), a lack of evidence regarding the long-term consequences of postnatal SSRI use have resulted in treatment hesitancy. Methods Longitudinal data on a total of 54576 mother-child dyads enrolled in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) were examined. We used multilevel models to test associations between PND and maternal outcomes (depression and anxiety, relationship satisfaction) and child outcomes (motor and language development, emotional and behavioral problems) from birth to postpartum year 5. We included an interaction term in models to test whether postnatal SSRI treatment moderated the effects of PND. We used a propensity score to control for pre-/antenatal factors that impacted the probability of receiving SSRIs. Results PND was associated with poor maternal mental health outcomes and problems in child emotional and behavioral development. Use of SSRIs mitigated the associations between PND and later maternal depression and child externalizing behaviors up to postpartum year 5. We found no evidence to indicate that postnatal exposure to SSRIs was associated with increased risk of any negative outcomes in women or their offspring. Conclusions SSRIs bring benefits in the long term by attenuating the detrimental associations between PND and subsequent maternal depression and child externalizing behaviors. Our findings provide valuable information for clinicians and women with PND to consider when making decisions regarding treatment.
The valve of SHOX2 and RASSF1A gene methylation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the diagnosis of lung cancerA protocol for systematic review and meta analysis

Introduction: The global incidence of lung cancer is on the rise, and lung cancer remains the cancer with the highest mortality rate in the world. The social burden caused by lung cancer is increasing. Early diagnosis and treatment is the key to improving the five-year survival rate of lung cancer patients, but excessive biopsy and even blind surgery will cause psychological and physical harm to patients. Therefore, it is necessary to find a minimally invasive and effective examination method to improve the survival rate of lung cancer patients. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis will be to analyze and explore the correlation between the promoter methylation of rassF1A and SHOX2 genes and lung cancer, and to provide reference for early clinical diagnosis. Methods and Analysis: The relevant literature will be comprehensively searched in 4 international electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Web of Science) and 4 Chinese electronic databases (CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, Chinese Biomedicine). We only included studies from inception until publication in May 2022. The primary outcome measure was the methylation rate of the SHOX2 and RASSF1A gene promoters in lung cancer tissue and normal lung tissue in the control group in lung cancer patients. Secondary outcome measures included methylation rates of promoters of SHOX2 and RASSF1A genes in different tissue samples. Two reviewers will conduct independent research selection, data extraction, data synthesis and quality assessment. The assessment of bias risk and data synthesis will be conducted using Review Manager 5.3 software. The Cochrane Collaboration's Bias Risk Assessment Tool (QUADAS) will be used to assess the quality of the individual studies included. Ethics and Dissemination: Because this systematic review will be conducted based on published research, there is no ethical approval requirement. The findings of this systematic review will be published in a peerreviewed journal. Discussion: This systematic review will help to clarify the correlation between PROMOTER methylation of the RASSF1A and SHOX2 genes with lung cancer, providing clinical evidence for early clinical diagnosis. Keywords: Lung cancer, DNA methylationRASSF1ASHOX2meta-analysis, protocol.
Effect of Diethylammoethyl-dextran on Colony Formation of Human Tumor Cells in Semisolid Suspension Cultures1

The effect of diethylaminoethyl-dextran on colony formation of established and primary human ovarian and breast tumor cells in semisolid suspension cultures was investigated. At the concentration of 250 to 300 ftg/ml used in the human tumor stem cell assay, diethylaminoethyl-dextran inhibited in vitro growth of 3 of 4 human breast tumor cell lines and of 10 of 19 primary tumors. It did not affect growth in 7 primary tumors and enhanced colony formation in 2 tumors. We suggest that diethylaminoethyl-dextran may interact in the human tumor stem cell assay with other sites additional to sulfuric acid residues of the agar and that these effects may cancel or outweigh its purported beneficial effects.
Long‐term follow‐up of patients with a quadripolar active fixation left ventricular lead: An Italian multicenter experience

Left ventricular (LV) lead optimal positioning is one of the most important determinants of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) success. LV quadripolar active fixation (QAF) leads have been designed to ensure stable LV pacing in the target area and reduce the likelihood of phrenic nerve stimulation (PNS). The aim of this analysis is to compare performances, safety, and clinical outcomes of QAF with those of quadripolar passive fixation leads (QPL) and bipolar active fixation (BAF) leads in a real‐world cohort of CRT patients.
SiPA-Pos : Sistema de planificación de asignaturas para estudiantes de posgrado

This presents the development of Sipa-pos, a web aplication which allows Master students to carry out their career planning, taking into account dynamic rules for subjects inscription, student s time and emphasis line. Sipa-pos also allows the Master director to manage the rules of each Mastery (amount of credits, pre-requirements, emphasis lines and subjects programming). Sipa-pos was designed user-centered, enabling Master students and director to obtain a web tool that provides the basic elements to optimize the flow of information and improve counseling processes.
The Other Side of League Organization - Efficiency-Aspects of Basic Organizational Structures in American Pro Team Sports

This paper analyzes the institutional setup of major league sports. In particular, it looks at reasons for the organization of leagues as cooperatives of teamowners, the specific employment relation of a commissioner as enforcement mechanism for rules of the league, and the centralized marketing of television rights as an important and controversial example thereof. Conventional wisdom portrays the existing league organization as a cartel that exploits market power, the commissioner as an institution to enforce cartel stability, and the centralized marketing of television rights as a profit maximizing device. In contrast, this paper shows that the existing institutional structure can be explained by efficiency arguments: It reduces shirking in teams, protects specific investments, and provides insurance against quality uncertainty. * Universitat Zurich, Lehrstuhl fur Unternehmensfuhrung und -politik, Plattenstrasse 14, CH-8032 Zurich, egon.franck@ifbf.unizh. ch.
Pedagogical Approaches and Learning Activities, Content, and Resources Used in the Design of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) in the Health Sciences: Protocol for a Scoping Review

Background Developing online, widely accessible educational courses, such as Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), offer novel opportunities to advancing academic research and the educational system in resource-constrained countries. Despite much literature on the use of design-related features and principles of different pedagogical approaches when developing MOOCs, there are reports of inconsistency between the pedagogical approach and the learning activities, content, or resources in MOOCs. Objective We present a protocol for a scoping review aiming to systematically identify and synthesize literature on the pedagogical approaches used, and the learning activities, content, and resources used to facilitate social interaction and collaboration among postgraduate learners in MOOCs across the health sciences. Methods We will follow a 6-step procedure for scoping reviews to conduct a search of published and gray literature in the following databases: Medline via Ovid, ERIC, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and PsychINFO. Two reviewers will screen titles, abstracts, and relevant full texts independently to determine eligibility for inclusion. The team will extract data using a predefined charting form and synthesize results in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. Results The scoping review is currently ongoing. As of March 2022, we have performed initial data searches and screened titles and abstracts of the studies we found but revised the search string owing to inaccurate results. We aim to start analyzing the data in June 2022 and expect to complete the scoping review by February 2023. Conclusions With the results of this review, we hope to report on the use of pedagogical approaches and what learning activities, content, and resources foster social and collaborative learning processes, and to further elucidate how practitioners and academics can harvest our findings to bridge the gap between pedagogics and learning activities in the instructional design of MOOCs for postgraduate students in the health sciences. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/35878
The Predictive Role of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 Serum Levels in the Complete Response of the Tumor to Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients

Abstract Objective We investigated the serum levels of MMPs and TIMPs in breast cancer (BC) patients to predict the response rate to/after treatment with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy. BC is the most common cancer in women and MMPs are responsible for the breakdown of ECM proteins during organogenesis and TIMPs are restricted the ECM destruction by MMPs. However, the predictive role of MMPs and TIMPs in the treatment response of BC patients has not identified. Methods This study consisted of 96 BC patients (34 neoadjuvant treatment and 62 surgically treated) and 35 healthy individuals. ELISA was used to determine the level of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 from serum samples of BC patients. Results The mean levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-2 were significantly increased in all BC patients at diagnosis and after chemotherapy, but MMP-2 was considerably lower at diagnosis. There was only a significant difference in the TIMP-1 levels after chemotherapy as well as HER2 and ER status in the neoadjuvant and surgically treated group. Additionally, MMP-2 and MMP-9 serum levels negatively correlated with tumor size and metastatic lymph nodes in BC patients after chemotherapy. Conclusions BC patients with high levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-2 can be used to predict the stage of the tumor and CR to chemotherapy and higher TIMP-1 serum level after chemotherapy could be related to better response to chemotherapy.
Why don’t cost-benefit results count for more? The case of Norwegian road investment priorities

Abstract The starting point is that the benefit/cost ratio is virtually uncorrelated to the likelihood of a Norwegian classified road project entering the list of investments selected for the National Transport Plan. The purpose of the article is to explain what pushes cost-benefit results into the background in the prioritization process. The reasons for their downgrading point to mechanisms that are at work not only in Norway. Explanatory factors are searched for in incentives for cost-ineffective action among planners, bureaucrats and national politicians, respectively, as well as in features of the planning process and the political system. New data are used to show that the road experts’ list of prioritized projects changes little after submission to the national politicians, suggesting that the Norwegian Public Roads Administration puts little emphasis on its own cost-benefit calculations. Besides, it is shown that the petroleum revenues of the state do not provide a strong reason for neglecting cost-benefit accounts. The overall contribution of the article is to offer a comprehensive explanation why professional and political authorities in Norway set road-building priorities diverging massively from those suggested by cost-benefit analysis.
Simulation-Aided Handover Prediction From Video Using Recurrent Image-to-Motion Networks

Recent advances in deep neural networks have opened up new possibilities for visuomotor robot learning. In the context of human–robot or robot–robot collaboration, such networks can be trained to predict future poses and this information can be used to improve the dynamics of cooperative tasks. This is important, both in terms of realizing various cooperative behaviors, and for ensuring safety. In this article, we propose a recurrent neural architecture, capable of transforming variable-length input motion videos into a set of parameters describing a robot trajectory, where predictions can be made after receiving only a few frames. A simulation environment is utilized to expand the training database and to improve generalization capability of the network. The resulting architecture demonstrates good accuracy when predicting handover trajectories, with models trained on synthetic and real data showing better performance than when trained on real or simulated data only. The computed trajectories enable the execution of handover tasks with uncalibrated robots, which was verified in an experiment with two real robots.
Solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers: a review of the methods of manufacture and routes of administration

Abstract The bioavailability of drugs is dependent on several factors such as solubility and the administration route. A drug with poor aqueous solubility, therefore, poses challenges with regards to its pharmaceutical advance and ultimately its biological usage. Lipid nanoparticles have been used in pharmaceutical science due to their importance in green chemistry. Their biochemical properties as ‘green’ materials and biochemical processes as ‘green’ processes mean they can be environmentally sustainable. Generally, lipid nanoparticles can be employed as carriers for both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs. The proposed administration route for nanoparticles can present advantages and disadvantages which should be considered by a formulator. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are attractive delivery systems because of their ease of manufacture, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and scale-up capacity of formulation constituents. The easy and simple scalability of novel SLNs and nano lipid carriers, along with their various processing procedures, recent developments, limitation and toxicity, formulation optimization and approaches for the manufacture of lipid nanoparticles, lyophilization and drug release are comprehensively discussed in this review. This review also summarizes the research data related to the various preparation methods and excipients used for SLNs and NLCs in recent years.
Chronischer Tinnitus

Grundlagen Chronischer Tinnitus ist sehr häufig mit einer Störung des Hörvermögens vergesellschaftet. Die tatsächliche Belastung durch den Tinnitus ist unterschiedlich und hängt wesentlich von psychosomatischen Komorbiditäten, aber auch von der Ausprägung der Schwerhörigkeit ab. Diagnostik Die Therapie des chronischen Tinnitus basiert auf einer fundierten HNO-ärztlichen Basisdiagnostik, einer erweiterten Diagnostik mit Erfassung psychosomatischer Komorbiditäten und anderer Begleiterkrankungen sowie einer Bewertung der Tinnitusbelastung. Therapieempfehlungen In der aktualisierten S3-Leitlinie werden als therapeutische Interventionen ein Counselling (Aufklärung und Beratung), psychotherapeutische Interventionen und hörverbessernde Maßnahmen empfohlen. Nicht empfohlene therapeutische Maßnahmen Wegen unzureichender Evidenz werden eine medikamentöse Behandlung des Tinnitus einschließlich Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln, Sound- und Musiktherapien sowie Neuromodulationen wie die transkranielle Magnetstimulation oder die elektrische Stimulation nicht empfohlen. Erstmalig wurde auf der Basis der Leitlinie eine auch für Laien verständliche Patientenleitlinie entwickelt.
Prenatal reduction of E14.5 embryonically fate‐mapped pyramidal neurons in a mouse model of autism

Although several observations suggest that the constitutive biological, genetic or physiological changes leading to autism spectrum disorders (ASD) start in utero, their early impact on the number and density of neurons in the brain remains unknown. Using genetic fate mapping associated with the immunollabeling‐enabled three‐dimensional imaging of solvent‐cleared organs (iDISCO) clearing method we identified and counted a selective population of neocortical and hippocampal pyramidal neurons in the in utero valproate (VPA) mouse model of autism. We report that 1 day before birth, the number of pyramidal neurons born at E14.5 in the neocortex and hippocampus of VPA mice is smaller than in age‐matched controls. VPA also induced a reduction of the neocortical—but not hippocampal—volume 1 day before birth. Interestingly, VPA mice present an increase in both neocortical and hippocampal volumes 2 days after birth compared with controls. These results suggest that the VPA‐exposed hippocampus and neocortex differ substantially from controls during the highly complex perinatal period, and specially 1 day before birth, reflecting the early pathogenesis of ASD.
Health concerns and attitudes towards research participation in a community of rural Black Americans

ABSTRACT Objectives Describe health concerns of Black Americans as they age and what influences their participation in aging and clinical research. Methods Fifty participants attended focus groups and completed questionnaires to identify barriers to research participation and attitudes toward dementia screening. Bivariate correlations explored associations between barriers to research participation and attitudes toward dementia screening. Results Cancer, hereditary conditions, vascular conditions, memory disorders, and psychological disorders were the greatest health concerns. Time demands, mistrust, lack of knowledge about potential research, and stigma were identified as barriers for research participation. Incentives, better understanding of how proposed research will benefit the community, lifestyle modification studies, active presence of principal researchers/clinicians, and community investment were identified as factors to improve participation. Questionnaires revealed mistrust and religious beliefs to be among the primary barriers. Attitudes toward dementia screening reflected perceived stigma, suffering, and subsequent loss of independence. Higher barriers to participation were associated with perceived stigma and loss of independence related to dementia screening. Conclusions Successfully recruiting Black Americans for aging and clinical research remains a challenge. This study identifies barriers to participation and offers suggestions for planning and recruitment.