African Journal of Biochemistr y Research

Biomarkers are considered as an innovative tool in the diagnosis and follow-up of breast cancer. The aim of the study was to assess the profile of circulating tumour markers CA 15-3 and CEA in patients under chemotherapy for breast cancer in Ouagadougou. This is a prospective cross-sectional study with a descriptive and analytical aims which was done from July to November 2020. Patients with histologically confirmed malignant breast tumour and under chemotherapy were included. Results revealed that the study was on thirty (30) female patients whose average age was 47.47 ± 2.10 years with a mean BMI of 27.29 ± 1.09 kg/m 2 . It was a non-specific type of infiltrating carcinoma with SBRm II grade in 90% of the patients. The mean CA 15-3 was 212.98 U/mL before chemotherapy and 165.75 U/mL after it. The CEA mean value was 3.13 ng/L before chemotherapy and 16.14 ng/L after it. Serum CA 15-3 was significantly associated with tumour site, SBRm grade, chemotherapy line and treatment response. Serum CEA level was significantly associated with tumour site and SBRm grade. Despite their lack of sensitivity, tumour markers, particularly CA 15-3 enabled assessment of the response to treatment in patients in this study. The association between hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome (MS) has been reported in many studies. The authors performed this cross-sectional study to determine the association between hyperuricemia and the MS among diabetic patients in Dakar. Type 2 diabetic patients received as part of their follow-up at the Marc Sankalé Center of Abass Ndao Hospital in Dakar were enrolled. For each patient, blood samples and 24 h urine collection were performed. Hyperuricemia was defined for uric acid concentrations > 416 µmol/l in men and > 357 µmol/l in women and the MS was evaluated according to WHO criteria. Statistical analysis was done using the XLSTAT 2019 software. A total of 153 type 2 diabetic patients were included with an average age of 56.63 years. Thirty-one percent (31%) of patients had metabolic syndrome and 32% of them had hyperuricemia. Significant correlations were found between serum uric acid and some components of the MS including triglyceride levels (r = 0.25, p = 0.002), microalbuminuria (r = 0.19, p = 0.018), and fasting glucose (r = - 0.22, p = 0.005). The authors found that hyperuricemia is frequent in patients with MS and this could be considered as a biomarker associated with the presence of this syndrome. Palm oil has long been incriminated in obesity, and this obesity would be responsible for the development of cardiac fibrosis, several authors have evoked the role of free radicals in the pathophysiological mechanism of the fibrotic response linked to obesity; the aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the profile of NOX2 in the development of cardiac fibrosis in rats subjected to a diet rich in the fat of several vegetable oils, in this case palm oil. A total of forty young male Wistar rats were subjected to several diets (soybean, red and branched palm oil, olive and lard). After twelve weeks of experimentation, the rats were sacrificed after anaesthesia, and the parameters of oxidative stress, inflammation and the level of interstitial fibrosis of the heart were assessed. Our study showed that red palm oil consumption did not lead to overexpression of oxidative stress parameters and inflammatory RNA markers. The expression of myocardial nicotine adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase did not change in rats consuming red palm oil compared to the control diet. However, consumption of palm olein, olive and lard resulted in a significant change in myocardial nicotine adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase activity. This study seems to show that red palm oil, because of its richness in antioxidants, would be less deleterious for the heart. ANOVA, followed by Tukey Kramer's multiple comparison test. Statistical analyzes of the data were performed with StatView software (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA). The differences observed were considered significant for a p value <0.05. The Bravais-Pearson correlation test was used to evaluate linear regressions; the closer the values are to 1 (in absolute value), the stronger the relationship.