Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
National, Regional, State, and Selected Local Area Vaccination Coverage Among Adolescents Aged 13–17 Years — United States, 2019

Three vaccines are recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) for routine vaccination of adolescents aged 11-12 years to protect against 1) pertussis; 2) meningococcal disease caused by types A, C, W, and Y; and 3) human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers (1). At age 16 years, a booster dose of quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACWY) is recommended. Persons aged 16-23 years can receive serogroup B meningococcal vaccine (MenB), if determined to be appropriate through shared clinical decision-making. CDC analyzed data from the 2019 National Immunization Survey-Teen (NIS-Teen) to estimate vaccination coverage among adolescents aged 13-17 years in the United States. * Coverage with ≥1 dose of HPV vaccine increased from 68.1% in 2018 to 71.5% in 2019, and the percentage of adolescents who were up to date† with the HPV vaccination series (HPV UTD) increased from 51.1% in 2018 to 54.2% in 2019. Both HPV vaccination coverage measures improved among females and males. An increase in adolescent coverage with ≥1 dose of MenACWY (from 86.6% in 2018 to 88.9% in 2019) also was observed. Among adolescents aged 17 years, 53.7% received the booster dose of MenACWY in 2019, not statistically different from 50.8% in 2018; 21.8% received ≥1 dose of MenB, a 4.6 percentage point increase from 17.2% in 2018. Among adolescents living at or above the poverty level,§ those living outside a metropolitan statistical area (MSA)¶ had lower coverage with ≥1 dose of MenACWY and with ≥1 HPV vaccine dose, and a lower percentage were HPV UTD, compared with those living in MSA principal cities. In early 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic changed the way health care providers operate and provide routine and essential services. An examination of Vaccines for Children (VFC) provider ordering data showed that vaccine orders for HPV vaccine; tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap); and MenACWY decreased in mid-March when COVID-19 was declared a national emergency (Supplementary Figure 1, https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/91795). Ensuring that routine immunization services for adolescents are maintained or reinitiated is essential to continuing progress in protecting persons and communities from vaccine-preventable diseases and outbreaks.
Dura Mater Graft-Associated Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: The First Case in Korea

Since 1987, dura mater graft-associated iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (dCJD) has been reported in many countries. We report the first case of dCJD in Korea. A 54-yr-old woman, who underwent resection of the meningioma in the left frontal region and received a dura mater graft 23 yr ago presented with dysesthesia followed by psychiatric symptoms and ataxia. Her neurological symptoms rapidly progressed to such an extent that she exhibited myoclonus, dementia, and pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs within 8 weeks. The 14-3-3 protein was detected in her cerebrospinal fluid; however, an electroencephalogram did not reveal characteristic positive sharp wave complexes. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images, obtained serially over 64 days, revealed the rapid progression of areas of high signal intensity in the caudate nucleus and cingulate gyrus to widespread areas of high signal intensity in the cortex and basal ganglia. Pathological examination of brain biopsy specimens confirmed the presence of spongiform changes and deposition of prion protein in the neurons and neuropils.
The Climate Spiral Demonstrates the Power of Sharing Creative Ideas

Graphical visualizations have the potential to engage diverse audiences in understanding the changes to our climate, especially when spread worldwide using both traditional and social media. The animated global temperature spiral was one of the first climate graphics to “go viral,” being viewed by millions of people online and by more than a billion people when it was used in the opening ceremony of the 2016 Rio Olympics. The idea, design, and communication aspects that led to the successes of this animated graphic are discussed, highlighting the benefits to scientists of engaging actively online and openly sharing their creative ideas.
In Vitro Chondroprotective Potential of Extracts Obtained from Various Phyllantus Species

Abstract Phyllanthus amarus has been proven to exhibit chondroprotection. Regarding the morphological similarities among Phyllanthus species, we were attracted to evaluate the chondroprotective potential of Phyllanthus species including P. amarus obtained from Chiang Mai and Phuket, Phyllanthus urinaria L. , Phyllanthus urinaria subsp. chamaepeuce, Phyllanthus debilis, and Phyllanthus airy-shawii using interleukin-1β-induced degradation of cartilage explants. The ethanolic extracts of the plants were evaluated for major lignans, phyllanthin, and hypophyllanthin by HPLC and further measurements of the total contents of flavonoids and phenolic compounds along with the assays for antioxidant and anti-collagenase activities. The interleukin-1β-induced cartilage explant degradation was performed with/without the extracts at concentrations of 50–250 µg/mL. After 4–14 days of incubation, the medium was assayed for the level of sulfated glycosaminoglycans while the explants were measured for the remaining content of uronic acid. Proteoglycan intensity in the explants was determined by safranin O staining. Diacerein, the antiarthritic agent, was used as the positive control. Although the two major lignans were found in P. amarus from Chiang Mai, P. amarus from Phuket, and P. urinaria L. extracts, similar chondroprotective activities were observed in all Phyllanthus extracts. Total phenolic content and total flavonoid content of the extracts showed a correlation with antioxidation, whereas the total phenolic content correlated with anti-collagenase activity. Among the six extracts, P. airy-shawii showed the greatest antioxidant and collagenase inhibitory activities. The results revealed that chondroprotective activities of all of the extracts of Phyllanthus species might result from an additive or synergistic influence of some constituents of these plants, which could be considered for antiarthritic purposes.
Pleura and Peritoneum

Pressurised IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a novel surgical technique to administer aerosolized chemotherapy into the abdominal cavity as treatment for peritoneal metastasis from various cancers. As the surgery is unique and there are concerns about occupational hazards, specific anaesthetic setup and techniques are required. Notably, our institution’s experience with PIPAC has enlightened us that anaesthesia requirements during PIPAC are generally uncomplicated and that the majority of the patients undergoing PIPAC do not require invasive monitoring, advanced intra or postoperative analgesia like epidurals or PCA. The need for postoperative intensive unit care is also not required in routine PIPAC cases. We describe the anaesthetic considerations involved and the detailed preparation of staff, space, anaesthetic equipment and drugs to facilitate the appropriate modifications for anaesthesia monitoring and maintenance for an elective set up as well as our standard operating procedure for an emergency situation should it arise.
Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of the Commelina ascendens J . K Morton ( Commelinaceae ) aerial part extract

This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of Commelina ascendens using experimentally induced inflammatory models in rats. Oedema was induced on the rat hind paw by the injection of 0.1 mL of undiluted fresh egg albumin (phlogistic agent) into the subplantar surface of the right rat paw. Oedema was assessed in terms of volume of distilled water displaced by the paw. Tissue granuloma was induced in the rats by the subcutaneous implantation of two sterile cotton pellet (20 mg each) in both axillae region of anaesthetised rats. C. ascendens extract was orally administered to the rats for seven consecutive days. On day 8, the animals were sacrificed and the pellets surrounded by granuloma tissue were dissected out, dried and weighed. Phytochemical screening and acute toxicity test were carried out using standard procedures. The extract of C. ascendens significantly (p<0.05) reduced the fresh egg albumin-induced rat paw oedema. The extract at 400 mg/kg significantly (p<0.05) reduced the granuloma tissue formed in the treated groups as compared to the control. The extract was safe up to a dose of 5000 mg/kg and did not cause any mortality in rats, thus an indication of high safety profile. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of tannins, saponins, glycosides, carbohydrates, proteins, alkaloids, steroids and flavonoids. This study shows that C. ascendens possess anti-inflammatory activity.
Social protection : A development priority in the post-2015 UN development agenda

80% of the global population has no access to comprehensive social protection. Social protection programmes tackle multiple dimensions of poverty and deprivation (decent work, education, health care, food security, income security) and can therefore be a powerful tool in the battle against poverty and inequality. Social protection can play a fundamental role in creating more inclusive and sustainable development pathways. In the absence of social protection, people, especially the most vulnerable, are subjected to increased risks of sinking below the poverty line or remaining trapped in poverty for generations.
CCIDE_A_261308 297..304

Arun Sadasivan 1 Roshni Ramesh 2 Nikhil M Kurien 1Department of Periodontics, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulashekaram, Tamil Nadu, India; 2Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College, Thrissur, Kerala, India; 3Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, PMS College of Dental Science and Research, Trivandrum, Kerala, India Introduction: Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is an uncommon benign odontogenic lesion with varied clinical and histological presentation. It has slow growth potential and a low recurrence rate. The tumor is mainly seen in females in the second decade of life, predominantly affecting the maxilla and associated most often with unerupted canine teeth, earning the epithet “two-thirds tumor”. There are three variants: intrafollicular, extrafollicular, and peripheral. The peripheral or extra osseous type is a rare form that arises in gingival tissue. Case Presentation: This article describes a case of AOT in a 10-year-old girl who presented with gingival enlargement in relation to the maxillary left central incisor. Interestingly, intraoral periapical radiography did not show any significant findings. However, cone-beam computed tomography of the site revealed significant bone loss in the area. A surgical excision was done. Histopathological examination revealed features of AOT. Based on clinical, radiographic, and histological evidence, a diagnosis of peripheral AOT (PAOT) was made. Conclusion: PAOT is a rare disease entity in children that mimics gingival swelling, and may often be misdiagnosed by dentists. With literature still ambiguous on the origin of the tumor and biological course, it becomes imperative to examine any gingival swelling in children with a proper clinical examination, periapical radiography, and if necessary conebeam computed tomography. Excision and histopathological evaluation will help in confirming the exact disease condition.
evaluating the impact of morning symptoms in COPD using the Capacity of Daily living during the Morning (CDlM) questionnaire

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of morning symptoms in COPD using the Capacity of Daily Living during the Morning (CDLM) questionnaire and to determine the clinical variables that are related to CDLM scores. Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional, and multicenter study conducted in stable COPD patients. CDLM scores ranged from 0 to 5 and were transformed into a qualitative variable according to tertile values to compare patient characteristics. A multivariate linear regression model was used to identify the clinical variables related to CDLM scores. Results: A total of 605 patients were included in the study; the mean age (SD) was 68 years (9.1) and mostly were male (80.8%). The mean post-bronchodilator FEV 1 % was 53.4% (19.2%), and the mean BODEx (body mass index, airway obstruction, dyspnea, exacerbation) score was 3.2 (2.0). The mean COPD assessment test (CAT) score was 16.6 (8.3), and the mean CDLM score was 4.2 (0.9). First tertile patients, that is, those with a higher impact in the morning, were older, had more respiratory symptoms, more dyspnea, a lower FEV 1 %, lower CAT and BODEx scores, and more exacerbations. We found a ceiling effect on the CDLM scores: 194 (32%) patients scored 5.00 and no patients scored 0. On multivariate analysis, higher CAT and BODEx scores, a lower FEV 1 %, and use of long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) were all independently related to lower CDLM scores. Conclusion: Morning respiratory symptoms are associated with more severe airflow obstruction, lower CAT and BODEx scores, and LTOT. The ceiling effect of the CDLM questionnaire does not allow it to discriminate well between low and high impact of morning symptoms. study compared the effect of once-daily tiotropium with a combination of tiotropium plus twice-daily budesonide/ formoterol, and the second study compared the effect of budesonide/formoterol and fluticasone/salmeterol, both in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD. In both the studies, the CDLM questionnaire and the St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire to assess HRQoL were completed before and after the different inhaled treatments.
Physiology and Pharmacology of Temperature Regulation Point / Counterpoint : Heat-induced membrane depolarization of hypothalamic neurons : a putative / an unlikely mechanism of central thermosensitivity

HEATING AND COOLING VARIOUS sites of the preoptic area and anterior hypothalamus (PO/AH) of mammals with fine thermodes reflexively evoke thermoregulatory responses, indicating that many central thermostats regulate temperature (T) of the brain (16). In PO/AH, heatingand cooling-activated neurons have been recorded in vivo (5, 14) and in vitro (1, 2, 6–8, 10, 12, 20). This suggests that some PO/AH neurons have primary T receptors similar to peripheral T receptors, and that these PO/AH neurons themselves act as the central thermostats (9–11). However, it has been controversial whether primary PO/AH neurons show heating-induced depolarization (6, 12) or not (1, 2, 20). Here, we state that primary PO/AH neurons show heating-induced depolarization based on our study (6) and thermo transient receptor potential (TRP) channels (4, 13, 18, 19). As reported by Hori et al. (7) and Kelso and Boulant (8), T-sensitive neurons in PO/AH slices have been classified into two types. One is primary T-sensitive neurons, which retain thermal sensitivity after synaptic blockade. The other is secondary T-sensitive neurons whose T sensitivities disappear after synaptic blockade. Therefore, we analyzed the ionic basis of primary heating-activated neurons visualized in PO/AH slices with the patch-clamp method (6, 12). To inhibit evoked release of synaptic vesicles, solution of Ca -free/high Mg was prepared from normal Krebs solution by replacing Ca with Mg ions (7, 8). However, this cannot eliminate miniature release of synaptic vesicles (17) that strongly affect postsynaptic neurons in the brain. In the brain, the main excitatory transmitter is glutamate affecting non-N-methyl-D-aspartate (non-NMDA) receptors and the main inhibitory transmitter is GABA affecting GABAA receptors. Therefore, blockers (CNQX) for non-NMDA receptors and blockers (bicuculline methiodide) for GABAA receptors were added to the above Ca -free/high-Mg solution. This was finally used as a test solution for synaptic blockade. In this solution, evoked or miniature postsynaptic currents disappeared in postsynaptic neurons (17), indicating that this procedure enabled synaptic blockade.
Understanding the structural and dynamic consequences of DNA epigenetic modifications : Computational insights into cytosine methylation and hydroxymethylation

Understanding the structural and dynamic consequences of DNA epigenetic modifications: Computational insights into cytosine methylation and hydroxymethylation Alexandra T P Carvalho, Leonor Gouveia, Charan Raju Kanna, Sebastian K T S Wärmländer, Jamie A Platts & Shina Caroline Lynn Kamerlin a Science for Life Laboratory; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology; Uppsala University; Uppsala, Sweden b Department of Immunology; Genetics and Pathology; Rudbeck Laboratory; Uppsala University; Uppsala, Sweden c Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics; Stockholm University; Stockholm, Sweden d School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Park Place, Cardiff, UK Published online: 27 Jan 2015.
Correction: Multi-Method Approach for Characterizing the Interaction between Fusarium verticillioides and Bacillus thuringiensis Subsp. Kurstaki.

Bacterial antagonists used as biocontrol agents represent part of an integrated management program to reduce pesticides in the environment. Bacillus thuringiensis is considered a good alternative as a biocontrol agent for suppressing plant pathogens such as Fusarium. In this study, we used microscopy, flow cytometry, indirect immunofluorescence, and high performance liquid chromatography to determine the interaction between B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki LFB-FIOCRUZ (CCGB) 257 and F. verticillioides MRC 826, an important plant pathogen frequently associated with maize. B. thuringiensis showed a strong in vitro suppressive effect on F. verticillioides growth and inhibited fumonisin production. Flow cytometry analysis was found to be adequate for characterizing the fungal cell oscillations and death during these interactions. Further studies of the antagonistic effect of this isolate against other fungi and in vivo testing are necessary to determine the efficacy of B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki in controlling plant pathogens. This is the first report on the use of flow cytometry for quantifying living and apoptotic F. verticillioides cells and the B. thuringiensis Cry 1Ab toxin.
Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is a major public health problem throughout the world and its importance is continuing to grow. This article reviews the epidemiology of ADHF and the profile of patients suffering from this condition. It describes factors used in assessing prognosis and presents treatment options. Although no currently available treatments have been shown to favorably affect long-term outcomes, there are a variety of strategies and approaches to management that are expected to reduce morbidity and mortality following discharge after ADHF hospitalization. In particular, the clinician is alerted to the need to identify factors that trigger decompensation as well as to optimize treatments for chronic heart failure. The importance of the transition from hospital to the outpatient setting is described. Particular attention should be focused on providing health education to the patient and their family at an appropriate level of medical literacy as well as ensuring early follow-up evaluation after hospital discharge.
The microbiome profiling of fungivorous black tinder fungus beetle [i]Bolitophagus reticulatus[i] reveals the insight into bacterial communities associated with larvae and adults

1 Department of Genetics and Biosystematics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland 2 Department of Zoology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland 3 Department of Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland 4 Department of Nature Protection, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland 5 Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland 6 Phage Consultants, Gdansk, Poland
The efficacy of intravitreal conbercept for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: a retrospective clinical study

Background: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of conbercept for patients with chronic central serous (CSC). Methods: A retrospective clinical study. This study included twenty-seven patients (32 eyes) who were diagnosed with chronic CSC in our hospital from November 2015 to March 2018. All the patients received intravitreal conbercept with one intravitreal injection and pro re nata (PRN). Follow-up observations occurred at 1 week and 1, 2, 3, and 6 months after initial injection. Observed indicators included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT) and presence of subretinal fluid (SRF). Results: During the 6-month follow-up, the mean number of injections required and performed was 1.50±0.67. The BCVA at the first visit, 1-week, 1-, 2-, 3- and 6-month follow-ups after the first injection was 0.44±0.26, 0.39±0.29, 0.38±0.29, 0.33±0.29, 0.31±0.30, and 0.31±0.29, respectively. The difference between the BCVA at each follow-up and the first visit was statistically significant (F=9.717, P<0.05). CMT at the first visit, 1-week, 1-, 2-, 3- and 6- month after first injection was 323.25±158. 49μm, 263.78±122. 52μm, 222.34±92. 46μm, 195.63±69. 18μm, 189.25±68. 71μm, and 200.47±86. 30μm, respectively. The difference between the CMT at each follow-up and the first visit was also statistically significant (F=17.072, P<0.05). Full resolution of fluid was achieved in 7 (21.9%) eyes at 1 month, 14 (43.8%) eyes at 2 months, 19 (59.4%) eyes at 3 months and 23 (71.9%) eyes at 6 months after the initial treatment of anti-VEGF injection. No severe adverse event was noted relevant to the therapy. Conclusion: Intravitreal injection of conbercept can effectively reduce the CMT and improve the BCVA in chronic CSC in a short term of 6 months.
AHA / ACC / TOS Guideline for the Management of Overweight and Obesity in Adults A Report of the American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society Endorsed

(Circulation. 2014;129[suppl 2]:S102-S138) © 2013 the expert Panel Members. Circulation is published on behalf of the American heart Association, Inc., by Wolters Kluwer; the Journal of the American College of Cardiology is published on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation by elsevier Inc.; Obesity is published on behalf of the obesity society by John Wiley and sons Inc. this is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-CommercialNodervis license, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the Contribution is properly cited, the use is noncommercial, and no modifications or adaptations are made.