Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Euro-Mediterranean Dimension of the New European Policies A Renewed Focus on Investment, Competitiveness and Jobs: A New Normal in Euro-Mediterranean Cooperation?

In February 2021, the European Commission published its trade policy review (TPR) aimed at having an open, sustainable and assertive trade policy. This TPR identified six main areas that are indispensable to achieving the EU’s objectives in the medium term, namely: reforming the WTO; supporting the green transition and promoting responsible and sustainable value chains; supporting the digital transition and trade in services; strengthening the EU’s regulatory impact; strengthening the EU’s partnerships with neighbouring enlargement countries and Africa; and strengthening the EU’s focus on the implementation and enforcement of trade agreements and ensuring a level playing field. Ultimately, these objectives should improve the current scheme of the different association agreements (AAs) that have been signed since the 1990s. More particularly, they should: improve the EU’s investment structure in partner countries; boost these countries’ export competitiveness; and make trade more inclusive by creating more jobs. These AAs were mainly focused on tariff removal, without really addressing non-tariff measures and the nexus between trade and industrial policies. This is why such agreements led broadly to a significant liberalization with a tangible deep integration between the two shores of the Mediterranean. Moreover, as argued by Aboushady et al. (2018), cooperation between the shores of the Mediterranean was more focused on stability, peace and security rather than improving the structure of exports and boosting industrial policies. This is why neither exports of these countries nor their foreign direct investment (FDI) structure have changed two decades after signing these AAs. Against this background, the objective of this article is twofold. First, it provides an overview of the current AAs and their effect on trade and investment. Second, it analyses to what extent the new objectives can address the main drawbacks of the AAs. The remainder of the article is as follows: first, a brief overview of the main trade agreements on the South Shore of the Mediterranean is presented; the next section presents the main challenges facing these association agreements; and the last section concludes and provides some policy recommendations for moving forwards.
PERFORMANCE AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF A REVERSIBLE HIGH-TEMPERATURE HEAT PUMP/ORC FOR WASTE HEAT RECOVERY IN THE MARINE SECTOR

The prevailing technology for waste heat recovery in ships is the ORC, which can exploit a variety of waste heat sources to produce electricity, and thus reduce the fuel consumption of the generator engines. The main challenge is to increase the capacity factor and exploit the highest possible amount of the various waste heat sources on-board, preferably of elevated temperature, in order to reach a high electric power output. The exploitation of the thermal content of the exhaust gases usually introduces severe constraints, since heat is extracted from this gas flow first from the engine’s turbocharger and then by the exhaust gas boiler (economizer) for steam production in the case of the main engine. Moreover, the main engine in a typical merchant ship operates for about two thirds of the year, which might not be enough to secure the ORC cost-effectiveness when only its low-grade heat source is exploited. On the other hand, the generator engines operate for an even larger duration, but with a much lower capacity. With the aim to increase the capacity factor (operating days/year), an advancement of the ORC technology is examined here, which exploits low-temperature waste heat sources. Such configuration is based on a reversible cycle, operating either as an ORC or a high-temperature heat pump (HTHP). The heat pump mode produces steam, replacing the use of auxiliary boilers, which mostly operate when the ship is at port. When the ship is at sea, no steam is needed by those boilers, because the steam generation is accomplished by the exhaust gas economizer (exhaust gas boiler), and then the unit reverses its operation to ORC mode for electricity production. This flexible unit is examined in terms of performance for producing saturated steam at 6 bar/158 ⁰C (heat pump mode) and electricity (ORC mode), when using an ultra-low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerant. A detailed techno-economic study has then been conducted for a variety of long-distance ships, according to their typical boiler capacity that is matched to the heat pump capacity and days at sea/port, leading to the estimation of the net fuel savings and discounted payback period. The latter becomes short in the range of 3-4 years for the reversible unit when the fuel price is increased.
CLOUD COMPUTING RESOURCES PROVISIONING TO MAXIMIZE QUALITY OF SERVICE

: Enterprise apps have migrated to the cloud in large numbers in recent years. One of the challenges of cloud applications is the administration of Quality-of-Service (QoS), which is the issue of allocating resources to an application in order to deliver a service level in terms of performance, availability, and reliability. It is the goal of this paper to give scholars with an overview of current state-of-the-art QoS modelling techniques. Cloud systems are suited. We also examine and characterise their early use to a variety of decision-making issues. emerging in the administration of cloud quality of service. "Resource provisioning" is the term used to describe the selection, deployment, and management of software and hardware resources (e.g., CPUs, storage and networks) to provide guaranteed application performance. In large-scale distributed systems, such as Cloud computing, resource supply is a major and complex problem. Static and dynamic resource provisioning systems both have their own advantages and disadvantages. Quality of Service (QoS) parameters including availability, throughput, response time, security and dependability must be satisfied by these resource provisioning systems in order to prevent SLA breaches.
ANALYSIS OF A COUNTERFLOW HEAT EXCHANGER WITH HELICAL CHANNELS ENABLED BY ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING

— Compact heat exchangers are desirable in many aerospace applications. New additive manufacturing approaches, such as 3D printing, have enabled heat exchanger geometries that cannot be fabricated using conventional approaches. The new geometries enabled by 3D printing result in more efficient heat transfer using more compact devices. However, the 3D printing process also imposes fabrication constraints which lead to potential performance degradations such as greater frictional pressure loss of the working fluids. This paper presents the design and analysis of a novel counter flow heat exchanger which uses helically shaped fluid channels to enhance heat transfer. An analytical model is developed to trade the size and mass of the device versus required heat transfer performance and acceptable levels of fluid pressure loss.Counterflow heat exchangers with helically shaped fluid channels offer an improved heat transfer rate as compared with straight fluid channels A tradeoff between frictional pressure loss, mass, and volume compactness is used to optimize the design of an additively manufactured heat exchanger for in-space applications. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A Prediction Model for Lung Cancer Levels Based on Machine Learning

—Among cancers, lung cancer is one of the most dreaded conditions, and it is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Early cancer identification and prediction help prevent and treat cancer efficiently, especially the beginning cancer stage. Therefore, this study presents a prediction model for lung cancer level based on machine learning. Machine learning algorithms are applied as primary methods. Firstly, the dataset collection is implemented; then, feature selection algorithms are used to identify essential features. Secondly, the proposed model applies the machine learning algorithms on two datasets (The full dataset and the dataset of essential features). Finally, experimental results demonstrate that this proposed system has an excellent performance, with 100% and 98.7% accuracy on the full dataset and the dataset of the top three essential features, respectively.
Metal Fumes from Welding Processes and Health Impact

Welding processes generate significant occupational and environmental pollutants and hazards. The common pollutants from the welding processes include metal fumes, particulate matter and gas by-products. Epidemiological studies have shown a number of health effects on welders from short-term and long-term exposure to welding fumes. This article is the first to integrate scientific results, mainly from epidemiological studies, focusing on metals from different welding processes associated with well-studied and emerging diseases/health conditions. An understanding of possible adverse health effects of exposure to welding metal fumes is important to develop prevention strategies that benefit and impact workers’ health. samples including personal eight-hour samples. The quantitative analysis revealed that TWA of fume concentrations for Pb were: For this study, it shows the were safe on the day of sampling. The quantitative analysis revealed that TWA of fume concentrations for Ag were: brazing fumes < 0.014 mg/m 3 . For this study, it shows the levels were safe on the day of sampling.
A . Implementation Details A . 1 . Event Knowledge Extraction Details . Text Knowledge Extraction Details

ArtifactExistence.ArtifactFailure. MechanicalFailure MechanicalArtifact, Instrument, Place ArtifactExistence.DamageDestroy. Damage Damager, Artifact, Instrument, Place ArtifactExistence.DamageDestroy. Destroy Destroyer, Artifact, Instrument, Place ArtifactExistence.Shortage. Shortage Experiencer, Supply, Place Conflict.Attack Attacker, Target, Instrument, Place Conflict.Attack. AirstrikeMissileStrike Attacker, Target, Instrument, Place Conflict.Attack. BiologicalChemicalPoisonAttack Attacker, Target, Instrument, Place Conflict.Attack. Bombing Attacker, Target, Instrument, Place Conflict.Attack. FirearmAttack Attacker, Target, Instrument, Place Conflict.Attack. Hanging Attacker, Target, Instrument, Place Conflict.Attack. Invade Attacker, Target, Instrument, Place Conflict.Attack. SelfDirectedBattle Attacker, Target, Instrument, Place Conflict.Attack. SetFire Attacker, Target, Instrument, Place Conflict.Attack. Stabbing Attacker, Target, Instrument, Place Conflict.Attack. StealRobHijack Attacker, Target, Instrument, Place Conflict.Attack. Strangling Attacker, Target, Instrument, Place Disaster.AccidentCrash. AccidentCrash DriverPassenger, Vehicle, CrashObject, Place Disaster.DiseaseOutbreak. DiseaseOutbreak Disease, Victim, Place Disaster.FireExplosion. FireExplosion FireExplosionObject, Instrument, Place Justice.ArrestJailDetain. ArrestJailDetain Jailer, Detainee, Crime, Place Justice.InitiateJudicialProcess Prosecutor, Defendant, JudgeCourt, Crime Justice.InitiateJudicialProcess. ChargeIndict Prosecutor, Defendant, JudgeCourt, Crime Justice.InitiateJudicialProcess. TrialHearing Prosecutor, Defendant, JudgeCourt, Crime Justice.Investigate Investigator, Defendant, Place .
Trust-Based Co-Operative Cross-Layer Routing Protocol for Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks

– One of the significant applications of wireless sensor networks is Industrial Wireless Sensor Network (IWSN). These IWSNs are set up in manufacturing premises for security, manufacturing administration, data collection, and control, etc. The measured data is transmitted from the nodes to the administrative controller and data analysis systems in such networks. Real-time communication and data reliability are the two major concerns that need trusted relay nodes for further data transfer. Most of the trust-based routing protocol models in IWSN are based on detecting misbehavior at the network layer only. These approaches result in higher values of false-positive rate since the normal failure of nodes is considered as low trusted nodes. Trust-based Co-operative Cross-layer Routing Protocol (TCCRP) for IWSN is proposed in this paper to reduce the false-positive rate and for QoS parameters improvement. It consists of three phases: trust collection, trust verification, and trust evaluation. Simulation results of the proposed TCCRP protocol show the performance improvement in QoS parameters in terms of throughput, packet delivery ratio, and residual energy with a lesser false positive rate compared to the trust management-based secure routing scheme in an industrial wireless sensor network with fog computing (TMSRS)
Traumatic Experiences Adversely Affect Life Cycle Labor Market Outcomes of the Next Generation - Evidence from WWII Nazi Raids.

This paper examines the causal effect of a traumatic and stressful event experienced by pregnant women on the life long labor market outcomes of their offspring. We exploit a unique natural experiment that involved randomly placed Nazi raids in municipalities in Italy during WWII. We link administrative data on male private sector workers to information about war casualties and Nazi raids. Our results suggest that prenatal exposure to violence affects offspring earnings along the whole working career and in retirement. The lower earnings are due to lower educational attainment, the type of jobs that are held and interruptions in working careers due to unemployment. We further find that prenatal exposure exacerbates the negative effects of later life job loss on earnings, deepening the negative impact on earnings in later life. We use a medical database on health expenditures to interpret the effect estimates. The prenatally exposed have higher medical care expenditures on diseases of the nervous system and mental disorders. This indicates that stress induced by the violent raids is likely to be an important factor driving our findings. JEL Codes: J24, I15
The Effect of e-Filing on Tax Compliance among Micro Enterprises in Jamaica

Over the past decades government revenue authorities, especially in developing countries have implemented a series of reforms towards strengthening their revenue collection capabilities. Electronic filing (e-Filing) of taxes was introduced in Jamaica to improve tax compliance. However, the adoption of this initiative remains low which results in loss of tax revenue. This condition ultimately limits the government’s ability to finance needed projects and address critical needs of citizens. This study seeks to investigate the effect of e-Filing on tax compliance among micro enterprises in Jamaica. Tax-compliant firms found the e-Filing system easy to use and cost effective, while the non-compliant firms did not adopt this initiative because it was felt that paying taxes was not a priority at this stage of the firm. It is hoped that the insights gained from this study can guide government policy makers regarding the introduction of information and communication technology (ICT) in tax administration.
Fumaric Acid Esters Attenuate Secondary Degeneration after Spinal Cord Injury

Abstract Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes permanent changes in motor, sensory, and autonomic functions. Unfortunately, there are no stable cures and current treatments include surgical decompression, methylprednisolone, and hemodynamic control that lead to modest function recovery. Fumaric acid esters (FAEs) were firstly used in the management of an immunological skin disorder, such as psoriasis. Because of their potent anti-inflammatory effects, they have been introduced in multiple sclerosis (MS). Investigation has shown not only an anti-inflammatory, but also supposed neuroprotective mechanism of action. The goal of the present work was to evaluate the potential beneficial effects of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and monomethyl fumarate (MMF) in a mouse model of traumatic SCI. SCI was produced by extradural compression for 1 min of the spinal cord at the T6–7 level using an aneurysm clip, and DMF and MMF (both at 30 mg/kg) were administered by oral gavage to the mice 1 and 6 h after SCI. For locomotor activit.
Mémoire Efficacité de la stimulation intermittente du nerf vague dans les épilepsies pharmaco-résistantes non chirurgicales de l ’ adolescent et de l ’ adulte

RÉSUMÉ La stimulation du nerf vague représente un traitement adjuvant, reconnu, des traitements médicamenteux des épilepsies partielles pharmaco-résistantes. Globalement, 40 p. 100 à 50 p. 100 des patients estiment la réduction de la fréquence de leurs crises à au moins 50 p. 100 (patients répondeurs). Nous rapportons le suivi de 50 patients atteints d’épilepsie réfractaire (39 épilepsies partielles pharmacorésistantes (EPPR) et 11 épilepsies généralisées (EG)) suivis jusqu’à 6 ans après l’implantation. Les buts de notre étude étaient d’évaluer l’efficacité globale à long terme de la stimulation du nerf vague, l’efficacité en fonction du type d’épilepsie (EPPR/EG) et l’éventuel rôle prédictif du facteur lésionnel. Nos résultats montrent qu’aucun patient ne fut libre de crise, que l’efficacité globale de la stimulation du nerf vague chez les 50 patients est comparable à celle de la littérature et croît avec la durée de la stimulation vagale. Au-delà de 3 ans, elle tend à se stabiliser à 50 p. 100 des patients. Dès 6 mois, la probabilité d’être répondeur est significativement plus élevée dans les épilepsies généralisées dans les épilepsies partielles pharmaco-résistantes. Enfin, la probabilité d’être répondeur est plus élevée en cas d’épilepsie partielle pharmaco-résistante lésionnelle qu’en cas d’épilepsie partielle pharmaco-résistante cryptogénique ; ce résultat est possiblement lié à la sur-représentation des malformations du développement cortical dans cette catégorie de patients.
Perceptual Feedback, Interoception and Action-Specific Effects

This thesis investigated action-specific effects and their relationship with interoception. The specific aims were to (1) determine whether action-specific perception effects would be observed in a novel task setting (tossing a bean-bag at a target), (2) determine whether the findings of Lee et al. (2012) and Jin and Lee (2013) regarding how size perception is affected by performance even when explicit visual feedback is unavailable would occur in this task setting, and (3) determine whether interoceptive sensitivity was related to size perception. The first aim was investigated by having participants perform a bean-bag toss at three targets, 13, 18 and 24 cm in diameter, in a 1.2 m by 0.6 m board 5 m away. After each toss the participants reproduced the size of the target they had seen. The second aim was investigated by denying some of the participants feedback by occluding the target with a curtain mounted in a 2.2 m by 1.4 m frame. The third aim was investigated by asking participants to perform a heart rate accuracy task and complete the MAIA questionnaire after the bean-bag toss task. The results found action-specific effects for participants in the feedback condition only. Overall, increased interoceptive sensitivity decreased action-specific effects.
Asociación entre la fuerza de piernas y el área de sección muscular transversal del cuádriceps femoral con el nivel de actividad física en octogenarios

Introduction. Aging is a complex physiological process and its main feature is the progressive loss of functionality, which is possible to delay or attenuate, improving physical fitness. Objective. The purpose of this study is to determine the association between leg strength and muscle cross-sectional area of the quadriceps femoral with the physical activity level in elderly. Materials and methods. Thirty-two people over 80 years (men: 82.80 ± 2.09 years; women: 83.77 ± 4.09 years) functionally autonomous participated in this study. Were used Barthel Index, the Yale Physical Activity Survey and Chair Stand Test (ChT). Results . There are significant differences between sexes in muscle area (AMusc) (p <0.001) in the ChT (p = 0.028) and walk index (WI) (p = 0.029), with higher values in men. The AMusc and ChT correlate significantly with WI (r = 0.445, p <0.005, r = 0.522, p <0.001, respectively) and total weekly activity index (TWAI) (r = 0.430, p <0.005, r = 0.519, p <0.001, respectively). In the multiple linear regression models between the TWAI with AMusc and ChT, only ChT showed as a predictor variable. Conclusions . Muscle strength and muscle mass of quadriceps show a significant association with the physical activity level in older people. Leg muscle strength is useful to reveal muscle mass and physical activity level in older people, which is relevant as clinical practice indicator.
Succinctness of Descriptions of Context-Free, Regular and Finite Languages

This thesis analyzes the descriptional power of finite automata, regular expressions, pushdown automata, and certain generalized models of macro grammars. For finite automata and pushdown automata the emphasis is on ambiguity. It is shown that ambiguous nondeterminism allows more succinct definitions than unambiguous nondeterminism which in turn allows more succinct definitions than determinism. The succinctness gain is nonrecursive for pda's and nonpolynomial for finite automata. The succinctness of regular expressions and macro grammars is measured in terms of complexity theory. It is shown that the inequivalence problem for Ol macro grammars generating finite languages is hard for nondeterministic double exponential time, and that the ''nonemptiness of complement'' problem for unambiguous regular expressions is in NP. This implies that unambiguous regular expressions are ''easier'' than general regular expressions (unless NP is equal to PSPACE).
On the Asymptotic Behaviour of Posterior Distributions

SUMMARY Let a random sample of size n be taken from a distribution having a density depending on a real parameter 0, and let 0 have an absolutely continuous prior distribution with density ir(G). We give a rigorous proof that, under suitable regularity conditions, the posterior distribution of 0 will, when n tends to infinity, be asymptotically normal with mean equal to the maximumlikelihood estimator and variance equal to the reciprocal of the second derivative of the logarithm of the likelihood function evaluated at the maximum-likelihood estimator, independently of the form of 7r(G).
A New Sample Size Formula for Regression.

The focus of this research was to determine the efficacy of a new method of selecting sample sizes for multiple linear regression. A Monte Carlo simulation was used to study both empirical predictive power rates and empirical statistical power rates of the new method and seven other methods: those of C. N. Park and A. L. Dudycha (1974); J. Cohen (1988); C. Gatsonis and A. R. Sampson (1989); S. B. Greenj(1991)7 F. J rf-:f.7,1a L. P. Schmelkin (1991); and J. Stevens (1992): rates of the new method were found to be superior, both relatively and absolutely, to other methods across most conditions examined. The results also demonstrate both the importance of using an effect size for determining regression sample sizes and the relative importance of predictive power over statistical power for regression. The new method of sample size selection developed in this paper provides a relatively simple means to account for both concerns. (Contains 9 tables and 87 references.) (Author/SLD) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 9,4<i:document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. Regression Sample Sizes 1 A New Sample Size Formula for Regression Gordon P. Brooks Robert S. Barcikowski