Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Editorial: Psychological and neurobiological mechanisms of time perception and temporal information processing: insight from novel technical approaches

COPYRIGHT © 2023 Balcı and Toda. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Editorial: Psychological and neurobiological mechanisms of time perception and temporal information processing: insight from novel technical approaches
Lipids as a key element of insect defense systems

The relationship between insect pathogenic fungi and their insect hosts is a classic example of a co-evolutionary arms race between pathogen and target host: parasites evolve towards mechanisms that increase their advantage over the host, and the host increasingly strengthens its defenses. The present review summarizes the literature data describing the direct and indirect role of lipids as an important defense mechanism during fungal infection. Insect defense mechanisms comprise anatomical and physiological barriers, and cellular and humoral response mechanisms. The entomopathogenic fungi have the unique ability to digest the insect cuticle by producing hydrolytic enzymes with chitin-, lipo- and proteolytic activity; besides the oral tract, cuticle pays the way for fungal entry within the host. The key factor in insect resistance to fungal infection is the presence of certain types of lipids (free fatty acids, waxes or hydrocarbons) which can promote or inhibit fungal attachment to cuticle, and might also have antifungal activity. Lipids are considered as an important source of energy, and as triglycerides are stored in the fat body, a structure analogous to the liver and adipose tissue in vertebrates. In addition, the fat body plays a key role in innate humoral immunity by producing a range of bactericidal proteins and polypeptides, one of which is lysozyme. Energy derived from lipid metabolism is used by hemocytes to migrate to the site of fungal infection, and for phagocytosis, nodulation and encapsulation. One polyunsaturated fatty acid, arachidonic acid, is used in the synthesis of eicosanoids, which play several crucial roles in insect physiology and immunology. Apolipoprotein III is important compound with antifungal activity, which can modulate insect cellular response and is considered as important signal molecule.
Proteomic response of A549 lung cancer cell line to protein-polysaccharide complex Venetin-1 isolated from earthworm coelomic fluid

Earthworms’ celomic fluid has long attracted scientists’ interest due to their toxic properties. It has been shown that the elimination of coelomic fluid cytotoxicity to normal human cells was crucial for the generation of the non-toxic Venetin-1 protein-polysaccharide complex, which exhibits selective activity against Candida albicans cells as well as A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells. To find the molecular mechanisms behind the anti-cancer properties of the preparation, this research investigated the proteome response of A549 cells to the presence of Venetin-1. The sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH-MS) methodology was used for the analysis, which allows for a relative quantitative analysis to be carried out without radiolabelling. The results showed that the formulation did not induce significant proteome responses in normal BEAS-2B cells. In the case of the tumour line, 31 proteins were up regulated, and 18 proteins down regulated. Proteins with increased expression in neoplastic cells are mainly associated with the mitochondrion, membrane transport and the endoplasmic reticulum. In the case of altered proteins, Venetin-1 interferes with proteins that stabilise the structures, i.e., keratin, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and metabolic processes.
Sex-specific reference values for total, central, and peripheral latency of motor evoked potentials from a large cohort

Background Differentiating between physiologic and altered motor evoked potentials (MEPs) to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is crucial in clinical practice. Some physical characteristics, such as height and age, introduce sources of variability unrelated to neural dysfunction. We provided new age- and height-adjusted normal values for cortical latency, central motor conduction time (CMCT), and peripheral motor conduction time (PMCT) from a large cohort of healthy subjects. Methods Previously reported data from 587 participants were re-analyzed. Nervous system disorders were ruled out by clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging. MEP latency was determined as stimulus-to-response latency through stimulation with a circular coil over the “hot spot” of the First Dorsal Interosseous and Tibialis Anterior muscles, during mild tonic contraction. CMCT was estimated as the difference between MEP cortical latency and PMCT by radicular magnetic stimulation. Additionally, right-to-left differences were calculated. For each parameter, multiple linear regression models of increasing complexity were fitted using height, age, and sex as regressors. Results Motor evoked potential cortical latency, PMCT, and CMCT were shown to be age- and height-dependent, although age had only a small effect on CMCT. Relying on Bayesian information criterion for model selection, MEP cortical latency and PMCT were explained best by linear models indicating a positive correlation with both height and age. Also, CMCT to lower limbs positively correlated with height and age. CMCT to upper limbs positively correlated to height, but slightly inversely correlated to age, as supported by non-parametric bootstrap analysis. Males had longer cortical latencies and CMCT to lower limbs, as well as longer PMCT and cortical latencies to upper limbs, even when accounting for differences in body height. Right-to-left-differences were independent of height, age, and sex. Based on the selected regression models, sex-specific reference values were obtained for all TMS-related latencies and inter-side differences, with adjustments for height and age, where warranted. Conclusion A significant relationship was observed between height and age and all MEP latency values, in both upper and lower limbs. These set of reference values facilitate the evaluation of MEPs in clinical studies and research settings. Unlike previous reports, we also highlighted the contribution of sex.
Power Tower Tilt Monitoring Method Based on Beidou and Im-proved Yolov3

Aiming at the problems of low efficiency, long patrol cycle, and poor accuracy of deformation judgment in existing inspection methods of power poles and towers, this paper proposes a UAV-assisted tower rod tilt monitoring method based on BeiDou satellite navigation, and introduces the tower identification algorithm and tilt detection algorithm in detail. For tower recognition, CFA and improved DarkNet53 were introduced on the basis of the original YOLOv3, and the F value reached 85.1%, which significantly improved the detection accuracy of small targets such as tower edges. For tilt detection, Canny edge detection algo-rithm and LSD straight line detection method were used to extract the center line and determine the tilt Angle, and the final accuracy reached 87.4%.
Functional semi-finished fish product evaluation: organoleptic and evidence in vivo

Introduction The development of functional products is a new promising trend in the modern food industry. The research aims to confirm the quality indicators, efficacy and safety for living organisms of the developed functional semi-finished fish product—raw smoked sausage. The research was aimed at studying the characteristics of the semi-finished product obtained, including its organoleptic properties. However, it was also important to test the properties of the probiotic component added to the developed product and its effects in vivo on mice to verify the efficacy and safety of the E. coli 64 G strain. Methods Organoleptic and histological assessments of the product were performed. A series of experiments were also conducted to assess the product’s safety and functional properties. For this purpose, Enteracol was fed to white outbred laboratory mice with different concentrations of the active ingredient (Escherichia coli 64G strain). Organoleptic properties of the proposed product, such as smell, consumer view, and balanced taste, demonstrated high consumer qualities of the crude smoked sausage with a probiotic component. Results The results of the controlled prospective study confirmed that the product is safe and non-toxic to living organisms: mice state alive after consuming a created meal. At the same time, assessing the product’s antagonistic activity revealed its high protective effect (85%–100% survival rate of animals in the experimental groups compared to the control with 100% mortality). Discussion The proposed product has a stimulating effect on an organism and demonstrates the antagonistic activity against pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria established in the Enterobacteriaceae family members. The next step will be a long-term study of the product’s stimulating effect to prove its positive impact on the body.
Cisplatin encapsulated nanoparticle as a therapeutic agent for anticancer treatment

The knowledge of manipulating size of biomaterials encapsulated drug into nano-scale particles has been researched and developed in treating cancer. Cancer is the second worldwide cause of death, therefore it is critical to treat cancers challenging with therapeutic modality of various mechanisms. Our preliminary investigation has studied cisplatin encapsulated into lipid-based nanoparticle and examined the therapeutic effect on xenografted animal model. We used mice with tumor volume ranging from 195 to 214 mm3 and then few mice were grouped into three groups including: control (PBS), lipid platinum chloride (LPC) nanoparticles and CDDP (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) at dose of 3mg cisplatin /kg body weight. The effect of the treatment was observed for 12 days post-injection. It showed that LPC NPs demonstrated a better therapeutic effect compared to CDDP at same 3mg cisplatin/kg drug dose of tumor size reduction, 96.6% and 11.1% respectively. In addition, mouse body weight loss of LPC, CDDP and PBS treated group are 12.1%, 24.3% and 1.4%. It means that by compared to CDDP group, LPC group demonstrated less side effect as not much reduction of body weight have found. Our findings have shown to be a potential modality to further investigate as a feasible cancer therapy modality.
MioGatto: A Math Identifier-oriented Grounding Annotation Tool

We present a new annotation tool, called MioGatto, to efficiently build large corpora for grounding math formulae. While in documents in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, math identifiers can be used in multiple meanings in a single document, corpora with annotated coreference relations between identifiers are crucial for the grounding task. Using MioGatto, annotators can produce a list of math concepts for each document, associate one of the math concepts with each occurrence of math identifiers, and annotate the text span that is the source for grounding. In general, manual annotation of coreference relations is a very tough task, but this tool is specialized for building grounding corpora and can annotate them more efficiently than existing general-purpose annotation tools. The tool can be obtained from https://github.com/wtsnjp/MioGatto .
Review on the Removal of Metal Ions from Effluents Using Seaweeds, Alginate Derivatives and Other Sorbents Revue sur l’enlèvenement des ions métalliques des effluents par l’utilisation des macro-algues, des dérivés d’alginate et autres sorbants

Biosorbents, especially those derived from seaweed (macroscopic algae) and alginate derivatives, exhibit high affinity for many metal ions. Because biosorbents are widely abundant (usually biodegradable) and less expensive than industrial synthetic adsorbents, they hold great potential for the removal of toxic metals from industrial effluents. Various studies have demonstrated the efficiency of living and non-living micro-organisms, such as bacteria, yeasts, moulds, micro-algae, cyanobacteria and biomass from water treatment sewage to remove metals from solution. Several types of organic and inorganic biomass have also been used as sorbent materials. In addition, by-products from the forestry industry, as well as agriculture waste and natural sorbents, have also been studied. This paper reviews and summarizes some key recent developments in these areas and it describes and discusses some specific applications of selected natural sorbents.
Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Inherited Neuropathies: A Systematic Review

The management of inherited neuropathies relies mostly on the treatment of symptoms. In recent years, a better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms that underlie neuropathies has allowed for the development of disease-modifying therapies. Here, we systematically review the therapies that have emerged in this field over the last five years. An updated list of diseases with peripheral neuropathy as a clinical feature was created based on panels of genes used clinically to diagnose inherited neuropathy. This list was extended by an analysis of published data by the authors and verified by two experts. A comprehensive search for studies of human patients suffering from one of the diseases in our list yielded 28 studies that assessed neuropathy as a primary or secondary outcome. Although the use of various scales and scoring systems made comparisons difficult, this analysis identified diseases associated with neuropathy for which approved therapies exist. An important finding is that the symptoms and/or biomarkers of neuropathies were assessed only in a minority of cases. Therefore, further investigation of treatment efficacy on neuropathies in future trials must employ objective, consistent methods such as wearable technologies, motor unit indexes, MRI or sonography imaging, or the use of blood biomarkers associated with consistent nerve conduction studies.
Consistent Complementary-Label Learning via Order-Preserving Losses

In contrast to ordinary supervised classification tasks that require massive data with high-quality labels, complementary-label learning (CLL) deals with the weakly-supervised learning scenario where each instance is equipped with a complementary label, which specifies a class the instance does not belong to. However, most of the existing statistically consistent CLL methods suffer from overfitting intrinsically due to the negative empirical risk issue. In this paper, we aim to propose overfitting-resistant and theoretically grounded methods for CLL. Considering the unique property of the distribution of complementarily labeled samples, we provide a risk estimator via order-preserving losses, which is naturally non-negative and thus can avoid overfitting. Moreover, we provide classifier-consistency analysis and statistical guarantee for this estimator. Furthermore, we provide a weighted version of the proposed risk estimator to further enhance its generalization ability and prove its statistical consistency. Experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed methods.
Perdido: Python Library for Geoparsing and Geocoding French Texts

This paper introduces the Perdido Python library for geoparsing and geocoding French texts. The architecture of the Perdido Geoparser, which includes three layers: back-office, API, and Python library, is outlined. We also provide details on the methods used in the development of the processing chain and the various tasks covered, such as named entity recognition and classification (NERC), and toponym resolution. Lastly, we showcase the different features of the Python library and explain how to use it. The library is built as an overlay using API services, enabling users to manipulate, visualize, and export the results of geoparsing and geocoding. A Jupyter notebook 1 is also provided to demonstrate all the functionalities implemented in the library
Strategizing Spray Drying Process Optimization for the Manufacture of Redispersible Indomethacin Nanoparticles Using Quality-by-Design Principles

The present study adopted a Quality by Design (QbD) approach to spray dry indomethacin nanosuspension (IMC-NS) consisting of HPC-SL, poloxamer 407, and lactose monohydrate. The Box-Behnken Design was used to systematically evaluate the effects of inlet temperature, aspiration rate, and feed rate on the critical quality attributes (CQAs) [redispersibility index (RDI; minimize), % yield (maximize), and % release at 15 min (maximize)] of the indomethacin spray dried nanosuspension (IMC-SD-NS). To identify significant main and quadratic effects, two-way interactions, and create a predictive model for the spray drying process, regression analysis and ANOVA were utilized. Following optimization, the IMC-SD-NS was analyzed for its physicochemical properties using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and in vitro dissolution studies. Statistical analysis revealed significant independent variables, including inlet temperature, feed rate, and aspiration rate, that critically impacted the solidified end product’s RDI, % yield, and % release at 15 min. The models developed for critical quality attributes (CQAs) were significant at a p-value of 0.05. The crystalline state of IMC was maintained in the solidified product, as confirmed by XRPD, and no interactions were observed between IMC and the excipients as evaluated by FTIR. In vitro dissolution studies showed improved dissolution rate for the IMC-SD-NS (3.82-fold increase in overall drug release), which may be attributed to the readily redispersible nanosized drug particles. The implementation of a well-designed study, utilizing Design of Experiments (DoE) methodology, played a crucial role in the development of a highly effective spray drying process.
Different Avalanche Behaviors in Different Specific Areas of a System Based on Neural Networks

Based on the standard self-organizing map (SOM) neural network model and an integrate-and-fire mechanism, we introduce a kind of coupled map lattice system to investigate scale-invariance behavior in the activity of model neural populations. We find power-law distribution behavior of avalanche size in our model. But more importantly, we find there are different avalanche distribution behaviors in different specific areas of our system, which are formed by the topological learning process of the SOM net.
The Finite Element Methods for Fourth Order Eigenvalue Problems on Anisotropic Meshes

The aim of this paper is to investigate the approximation to the fourth order eigen- value problem with cubic Hermite elements on anisotropic meshes. Because of the difference between anisotropic meshes and regular condition or uniform assumption used in classical finite element meth- ods, the Sobolev interpolate theorem can not be used directly in the theoretical analysis. The optimal error estimates will be derived through some novel approaches.
A Novel Similarity Metric for Image Retargeting

Image retargeting has drawn much attention in image and vision research in recent years. Image similarity measure is very important for image retargeting applications. In this paper, we propose a novel similarity metric for image retargeting. We nd some optimal vertical and horizontal seams in the original image and the retargeted image, respectively. Then two images are divided into several regions by virtue of the seams, respectively. The region matching is performed between the two images with SIFT ow and the image similarity is calculated according to the results of region matching. Real data have been used to test the proposed metric and very good results have been obtained, validating it.
On a Discriminant Inequality

The following result has been conjectured by Dr. Birch. Let z1 z2, . , zn be any n complex numbers such that (1) Then (2) attains its greatest value when the z are at the vertices of a regular n-sided polygon inscribed in the circle |z| =1. It seems to be difficult to prove this but Dr. Birch informs me that some work by Mullholland shows that the result is false for large n. I can, however, prove that the result is true for n = 3, and then Δ ≤ 27. The suggested general result would be Δ ≤ nn .
This paper is included in the Proceedings of the 17th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation.

Today, most communication between the NIC and software involves exchanging fixed-size packet buffers. This packetized interface was designed for an era when NICs implemented few offloads and software implemented the logic for translating between application data and packets. However, both NICs and networked software have evolved: modern NICs implement hardware offloads, e.g., TSO, LRO, and serialization offloads thatcan more efficiently translate between application data and packets. Furthermore, modern software increasingly batches network I/O to reduce overheads. These changes have led to a mismatch between the packetized interface, which assumes that the NIC and software exchange fixed-size buffers, and the features provided by modern NICs and used by modern software. This incongruence between interface and data adds software complexity and I/O overheads, which in turn limits communication performance. This paper proposes Ens¯o, a new streaming NIC-to-software interface designed to better support how NICs and software interact today. At its core, Ens¯o eschews fixed-size buffers, and instead structures communication as a stream that can be used to send arbitrary data sizes. We show that this change reduces software overheads, reduces PCIe bandwidth requirements, and leads to fewer cache misses. These improvements allow an Ens¯o-based NIC to saturate a 100 Gbps link with minimum-sized packets (forwarding at 148.8 Mpps) using a single core, improve throughput for high-performance network applications by 1 . 5 – 6 × , and reduce latency by up to 43%.