Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Macrophage-derived cathepsin S remodels the extracellular matrix to promote liver fibrogenesis.

BACKGROUND & AIMS Liver fibrosis is an intrinsic wound-healing response to chronic injury and the major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, no effective diagnostic or therapeutic strategies are available owing to its poorly characterized molecular etiology. Here, we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying liver fibrogenesis. METHODS We performed a quantitative proteomic analysis of clinical fibrotic liver samples to identify dysregulated proteins. Further analyses were performed on the sera of 164 patients with liver fibrosis. Two fibrosis mouse models and several biochemical experiments were used to elucidate liver fibrogenesis. RESULTS We identified cathepsin S upregulation as a central node for extracellular matrix remodeling in the human fibrotic liver by proteomic screening. Increased serum cathepsin S levels efficiently predicted liver fibrosis, even at an early stage. Secreted cathepsin S cleaved collagen 18A1 at its C-terminus, releasing endostatin peptide, which directly bound to and activated hepatic stellate cells via integrin α5β1 signaling, whereas genetic ablation of Ctss remarkably suppressed liver fibrogenesis via endostatin reduction in vivo. Further studies identified macrophages as the main source of hepatic cathepsin S, and splenectomy effectively attenuated macrophage infiltration and cathepsin S expression in the fibrotic liver. Pharmacological inhibition of cathepsin S ameliorated liver fibrosis progression in the mouse models. CONCLUSION Cathepsin S functions as a novel pro-fibrotic factor by remodeling extracellular matrix proteins and may represent a promising target for the diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrosis.
Water and Molecular Exchange in Biological Cells Studied Using 1H Pulsed Field Gradient NMR

This review presents the results of studies of molecular exchange processes in various biological systems (erythrocytes, yeast, liposomes, etc.) performed using pulsed field gradient NMR (PFG NMR). The main theory of processing necessary for the analysis of experimental data is briefly presented: the extraction of self-diffusion coefficients, calculation of cell sizes, and permeability of cell membranes. Attention is paid to the results of assessing the permeability of biological membranes for water molecules and biologically active compounds. The results for other systems are also presented: yeast, chlorella, and plant cells. The results of studies of the lateral diffusion of lipid and cholesterol molecules in model bilayers are also presented.
New Algorithm For Calculating Wavelet Transforms

In this article we introduce a new algorithm for computing Discrete Wavelet Transforms (DWT). The algorithm aims at reducing the number of multiplications, required to compute a DWT. The algorithm is general and can be used to compute a variety of wavelet transform (Daubechies and CDF). Here we focus on CDF 9/7 filters, which are used in JPEG2000 compression standard. We show that the algorithm outperforms convolution-based and lifting-based algorithms in terms of number of multiplications.
A Review of Innovated Treatment for Gliomas

Brain tumors are difficult to be totally cured , and also associated with high rates of mortality and morbidty, therefore the therapy is always a hot issue.This review introduces glioma treatment techniques through literature summarization and qualitative analysis. According to the data, technologies that can improve median survival and potentially substitute contemporary techniques during the treatment, including photon therapy, and hyperthermia. Moreover, some techniques can improve the accuracy and safety of surgical, such as Intraoperative Neuromonitoring and Neuronavigation During Resection. Other treatment methods, such as gene therapy and immunotherapy, are feasible based on their principles. However, their current effects have not reached expectations, so they are not widely used at this stage, and further innovation and experimental proof are needed.
Cavitation bubble collapse studied at 20 million frames per second

The collapse of laser-induced bubbles in water is investigated by high speed photography at framing rates as high as 20 million frames per second. The case of a spherical bubble in an unbounded liquid is compared with the Gilmore model. Bubbles collapsing in front of a solid wall show a rich dynamics depending on their normalized distance. Unprecedented details are given of the generic sequence of events leading to multiple shock waves and bubble shape metamorphosis upon collapse.
Ceftazidime-avibactam with or without Aztreonam vs Polymyxin-based Combination Therapy for Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: A Retrospective Analysis

Abstract Introduction Gram-negative sepsis remains one of the most difficult to treat infections in intensive care units (ICUs). Carbapenems are often considered to be robust and reliable options for treating infections due to Gram-negative bacteria. The dominance of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE) has emerged as one of the greatest challenges faced by the medical community today. Carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae may be resistant to all beta lactam antimicrobials including carbapenems and often, are even resistant to other classes of drugs. There are limited studies comparing polymyxin-based therapies with ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI)-based therapies for treating infections caused by CRE. Methods A retrospective study comparing outcomes between patients with bacteremia caused by CRE treated with polymyxin-based combination therapy and CAZ-AVI-based therapy (with or without aztreonam). Results Of total 104 patients, 78 (75%) were in the CAZ-AVI group. There was no significant difference in the underlying comorbidities between the two groups. The incidence of nephrotoxicity was significantly higher in the polymyxin group (p = 0.017). Ceftazidime-avibactam-based therapy was 66% less likely to be associated with day 14 mortality (p = 0.048) and 67% less likely to be associated with day 28 mortality (p = 0.039) as compared with polymyxin-based therapy. Conclusion Ceftazidime-avibactam-based therapy may be a superior option to polymyxin-based therapy for infections caused by CRE. This can have significant practical applications, in terms of optimizing therapy for the individual patient as well as sparing polymyxins and reducing the use of polymyxins in our hospitals. How to cite this article Prayag PS, Patwardhan SA, Panchakshari S, Sambasivam R, Dhupad S, Soman RN, et al. Ceftazidime-avibactam with or without Aztreonam vs Polymyxin-based Combination Therapy for Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: A Retrospective Analysis. Indian J Crit Care Med 2023;27(6):444–450.
Investigating the Performance of Single Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell (SCMFC) as Sustainable- Innovative Technique for Electricity Generation and Wastewater Treatment

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are considered as an economical and sustainable technology for various applications. This study has designed four single-chamber SCMFCs that composed of graphite plates as electrodes and used wastewater as a substrate for microorganisms. In order to evaluate the performance of SCMFC, the experiments were executed in a batch mode over 18 days at various types of salt bridge. Four salt bridges are used namely (KCl, NaCl, KNO3, and Cotton Rope). It was found that KCl generated a maximum voltage of 989 mv. The following results were obtained for wastewater investigated parameters: COD = 94%, PO4 = 88.4%, NO3 = 88%, TSS = 80%, and Fe = 76%, respectively at 1 M KCl. The experiment was then carried out using different values of KCl (1, 1.5, 2, 3 M). It was found that at a molar concentration of 1.5, 1422 mv of maximum voltage has been generated. Results for wastewater treatment demonstrated that COD of 81%, PO4 of 78.2%, NO3 of 79%, TSS of 80%, and Fe of 84%.
Contribution of Social Media Analytics to Disaster Response Effectiveness: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Disasters are sudden and catastrophic events with fatal consequences. Time-sensitive information collection from disaster zones is crucial for improved and data-driven disaster response. However, information collection from disaster zones in a prompt way is not easy or even possible. Human-centric information provided by citizen sensors through social media platforms create an opportunity for prompt information collection from disaster zones. There is, nevertheless, limited scholarly work that provides a comprehensive review on the potential of social media analytics for disaster response. This study utilizes a systematic literature review with PRISMA protocol to investigate the potential of social media analytics for enhanced disaster response. The findings of the systematic review of the literature pieces (n = 102) disclosed that (a) social media analytics in the disaster management research domain is an emerging field of research and practice; (b) the central focus on the research domain is on the utilization of social media data for disaster response to natural hazards, but the social media data-driven disaster response to human-made disasters is an increasing research focus; (c) human-centric information intelligence provided by social media analytics in disaster response mainly concentrates on collective intelligence, location awareness, and situation awareness, and (d) there is limited scholarly research investigating near-real-time transport network management aftermath disasters. The findings inform authorities’ decision-making processes as near-real time disaster response management depending on social media analytics is a critical element of securing sustainable cities and communities.
Research on Electromagnetic Performance Affected by Shielding Enclosure of a Coil Launcher

Shielding enclosure is very important for a coil launcher system. Shielding performance directly determines the electromagnetic performance of a coil launcher. In this paper, the formulation of the eddy current field involving movement is deduced, and the time step transient finite element method calculation is applied to investigate the shielding performance of a coil launcher. The simulation model of a three-stage coaxial induction coil launcher is built based on ANSOFT MAXWELL software. The transient-simulation model, which is involved in moving conductor eddy current, the pulsed power generator, and the power electronic component, is built as a circuit simulation in MAXWELL schematic module. The circuit model is well coupled with the field model in a transient solver. In every time step, the value of current obtained by the circuit simulation in advance is loaded in the field model as an exciting source to the coils. Three-typical shielding materials, iron, steel, and ferrite are used in 2-D field model to study the influence of shielding enclosure on the electromagnetic performance of the coil launcher. Silicon steel (laminated sheets) is taken in the 3-D field model. Different geometric dimensions of shielding enclosure are also taken into consideration. The speed of the armature and the magnetic field are calculated. The current distribution in the armature and shielding enclosing are displayed as well. Effects of shielding enclosure on the electromagnetic performance are then concluded. A ferrite shielding enclosure will increase the speed of armature obviously. The conductive material will induce eddy currents and decrease the leakage magnetic field outside, that shows excellent shielding performance. The silicon steel shielding enclosure has a similar impact on the speed of the armature to the ferrite, whereas it has better shielding effectiveness than the latter. Research results show that the silicon steel is suitable for the coil launcher shielding enclosure.
A Spectral Framework for a Class of Undirected Hypergraphs

We extend the graph spectral framework to a new class of undirected hypergraphs with bipartite hyperedges. A bipartite hyperedge is a pair of disjoint sets of nodes in which every node is associated with a weight. A bipartite hyperedge can be viewed as a relation between two teams of nodes in which every node has a weighted contribution to its team. Undirected hypergraphs generalize over undirected graphs. Consistently with the case of graphs, we define the notions of hypergraph gradient, hypergraph Laplacian, and hypergraph kernel as the Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse of a hypergraph Laplacian. Therefore, smooth labeling of (teams of) nodes and hypergraph regularization methods can be performed. Contrary to the graph case, we show that the class of hypergraph Laplacians is closed by the pseudoinverse operation (thus it is also the class of hypergraphs kernels), and is closed by convex linear combination. Closure properties allow us to define (hyper)graph combinations and operations while keeping a hypergraph interpretation of the result. We exhibit a subclass of signed graphs that can be associated with hypergraphs in a constructive way. A hypergraph and its associated signed graph have the same Laplacian. This property allows us to define a distance between nodes in undirected hypergraphs as well as in the subclass of signed graphs. The distance coincides with the usual definition of commute-time distance when the equivalent signed graph turns out to be a graph. We claim that undirected hypergraphs open the way to solve new learning tasks and model new problems based on set similarity or dominance. We are currently exploring applications for modeling games between teams and for graph summarization.
High-Misalignment Tolerance and Output Adjustable Wireless Charging System via Detuned Series–Series Compensated Reconfigurable Transmission Channels

This article proposes a wireless charging system (WCS) with two reconfigurable transmission channels to achieve constant current/voltage (CC/CV) charging, anti-misalignment solid ability, and zero voltage switching (ZVS) operation. First, the structure design and working principle of the orthogonal magnetic coupler (OMC) are given. The OMC's parameters are optimized using the orthogonal experimental design. Then, the coupling performance of OMC is illustrated by Ansys simulations. Second, the topology and principle of the designed WCS are analyzed. The relationship between charging controllability, misalignment performance, and system parameters is presented. The design method and working principle of the magnetic flux controllable inductor (MFCI) used as the power adjustment circuit and auxiliary improvement of anti-misalignment ability are provided. Third, the schematic diagram and hardware of the closed-loop controller are given. The PLECS simulations verify the feasibility of using the MFCI to realize the above design goals. Finally, an experimental prototype of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is built to validate the method's feasibility. When the maximum charging power is 126 W, the maximum system efficiency is 91.6%. Besides, assuming system efficiency decreases by 5% from the maximum value, the maximum horizontal misalignment ratio is 42%, corresponding to a desired approximately circular charging region.
Exact Left-Right Symmetry and Spontaneous Violation of Parity

Left-right-symmetric gauge models suggested previously to describe all interactions of elementary particles within a single unified framework are further shown to have the desirable property that maximal parity violation in low-energy weak processes arises purely as a result of spontaneous breakdown of the local gauge symmetry. We also discuss the question of dynamical origin of parity violation.
Clinical evaluation of 3.0-mm narrow-diameter implants: a retrospective study with up to 5 years of observation

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of a single type of narrow-diameter implant (NDI) by investigating its survival rate and peri-implant marginal bone loss (MBL). In addition, variables possibly related to implant survival and MBL were investigated to identify potential risk factors. Methods The study was conducted as a retrospective study involving 49 patients who had received 3.0-mm diameter TSIII implants (Osstem Implant Co.) at Seoul National University Dental Hospital. In total, 64 implants were included, and dental records and radiographic data were collected from 2017 to 2022. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and a Cox proportional hazard model were used to estimate the implant survival rate and to investigate the effects of age, sex, jaw, implant location, implant length, the stage of surgery, guided bone regeneration, type of implant placement, and the surgeon’s proficiency (resident or professor) on implant survival. The MBL of the NDIs was measured, and the factors influencing MBL were evaluated. Results The mean observation period was 30.5 months (interquartile range, 26.75–45 months), and 6 out of 64 implants failed. The survival rate of the NDIs was 90.6%, and the multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age was associated with implant failure (hazard ratio, 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.04–1.31, P=0.01). The mean MBL was 0.44±0.75 mm, and no factors showed statistically significant associations with greater MBL. Conclusions NDIs can be considered a primary alternative when standard-diameter implants are unsuitable. However, further studies are required to confirm their long-term stability.
Princípio dos grandes desvios para fluxos estocásticos de fluídos viscosos

In the literature there are two major approaches to the study of uid movement: rstly, the designated Eulerian approach, which consists in determining and studying the properties of certain physical quantities such as speed, pressure, etc. in a certain xed point x of space and a given time t; secondly, the Lagrange approach, where the uid is seen as a collection of particles that leave the initial position and as time progresses describe trajectories in plane or space. In this perspective the uid motion is seen as a ow of homeomorphisms or di eomorphisms on the region occupied by the uid. Recent works (see [2]) show that, for certain imcompressible viscous uids, despite the deterministic nature of the physical Eulerian quantities, the moviment of particles is inherently stochastic in nature. Thus, in its Lagragian description, stochastic ows as solutions of stochastic di erential equations must be considered. In this case the drift the velocity eld de ned as the solution of Navier-Stokes equation, and the di usion coe cient is proprotional to the square root of the viscosity. One of the central problems in uid mechanics is the phenomenon of turbulence, which from a mathematical point of view, involves the understanding of the asymptotic behavior of viscous uids when the viscosity tends to zero. In Eulerian context, the asymptotic study of solutions of the NavierStokes equation when the viscosity approaches zero is a classic problem, still unsolved in three dimension and dimension two in the case of Dirichlet boundary conditions. On bidimensional domain with periodic boundary conditions, or slip is proven that the Navier-Stokes solution converges to the solution of the Euler equation when the viscosity tends to zero. In this work is considered the stochastic Lagrangian approach for incompressible viscous uids, and aims to establish a Schilder's theorem for the asymptotic behavior of stochastic ows de ned by the Navier-Stokes eld of velocities, when the viscosity tends to zero. Note that we are dealing with a ow de ned by the solution of a stochastic di erential equation in which the drift, being the solution to the NavierStokes equation, does not satisfy the Lipschitz condition. On the other hand, the noise W considered is a in nite dimensional Brownian motion, more precisely a cylindrical Brownian. In this irregular context, the existence and uniqueness of ow does not follow the classical methods. It is noteworthy that in the formulation of the principle of large deviations, the existence and uniqueness of solution of the equations involved is a fundamental requirement.
Solar particle effects on minor components of the Polar atmosphere

Solar activity can influence the Earth's environment, and in particular the ozone layer, by direct modulation of the e.m. radiation or through variability of the incoming cosmic ray flux (solar and galactic particles). In particular, solar energetic particles (SEPs) provide additional external energy to the terrestrial environment; they are able to interact with the minor constituents of the atmospheric layer and produce ionizations, dissociations, dissociative ionizations and excitations. This paper highlights the SEP effects on the chemistry of the upper atmosphere by analysing some SEP events recorded during 2005 in the descending phase of the current solar cycle. It is shown that these events can lead to short- (hours) and medium- (days) term ozone variations through catalytic cycles (e.g. HO x and NO x increases). We focus attention on the relationship between ozone and OH data (retrieved from MLS EOS AURA) for four SEP events: 17 and 20 January, 15 May and 8 September. We confirm that SEP effects are different on the night and day hemispheres at high latitudes.
Teichmuller Theory In Riemannian Geometry

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Aggregation of not necessarily independent opinions

We consider an aggregation scheme of opinions expressed through different probability distributions or multiple priors decision model. The decision-maker adopts entropy maximization as a measure of risk diversification and a rational form of prudence for valuing uncertain outcomes. We show a new aggregation rule formalization based on the idea that the decision-maker has a more reliable set of outcomes called ordinary and two fat tails that include more ambiguous and extreme events.
Constructive Completeness Proofs and Delimited Control

Motivated by facilitating reasoning with logical meta-theory inside the Coq proof assistant, we investigate the constructive versions of some completeness theorems. We start by analysing the proofs of Krivine and Berardi-Valentini, that classical logic is constructively complete with respect to (relaxed) Boolean models, and the algorithm behind the proof. In an effort to make a more canonical proof of completeness for classical logic, inspired by the normalisation-by-evaluation (NBE) methodology of Berger and Schwichtenberg, we design a completeness proof for classical logic by introducing a notion of model in the style of Kripke models. We then turn our attention to NBE for full intuitionistic predicate logic, that is, to its completeness with respect to Kripke models. Inspired by the computer program of Danvy for normalising terms of $\lambda$-calculus with sums, which makes use of delimited control operators, we develop a notion of model, again similar to Kripke models, which is sound and complete for full intuitionistic predicate logic, and is coincidentally very similar to the notion of Kripke-style model introduced for classical logic. Finally, based on observations of Herbelin, we show that one can have an intuitionistic logic extended with delimited control operators which is equi-consistent with intuitionistic logic, preserves the disjunction and existence properties, and is able to derive the Double Negation Shift schema and Markov's Principle.