Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Revealing the Key MSCs Niches and Pathogenic Genes in Influencing CEP Homeostasis: A Conjoint Analysis of Single-Cell and WGCNA

Degenerative disc disease (DDD), a major contributor to discogenic pain, which is mainly resulted from the dysfunction of nucleus pulposus (NP), annulus fibrosis (AF) and cartilage endplate (CEP) cells. Genetic and cellular components alterations in CEP may influence disc homeostasis, while few single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) report in CEP makes it a challenge to evaluate cellular heterogeneity in CEP. Here, this study conducted a first conjoint analysis of weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and scRNA-seq in CEP, systematically analyzed the interested module, immune infiltration situation, and cell niches in CEP. WGCNA and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network determined a group of gene signatures responsible for degenerative CEP, including BRD4, RAF1, ANGPT1, CHD7 and NOP56; differentially immune analysis elucidated that CD4+ T cells, NK cells and dendritic cells were highly activated in degenerative CEP; then single-cell resolution transcriptomic landscape further identified several mesenchymal stem cells and other cellular components focused on human CEP, which illuminated niche atlas of different cell subpopulations: 8 populations were identified by distinct molecular signatures. Among which, NP progenitor/mesenchymal stem cells (NPMSC), also served as multipotent stem cells in CEP, exhibited regenerative and therapeutic potentials in promoting bone repair and maintaining bone homeostasis through SPP1, NRP1-related cascade reactions; regulatory and effector mesenchymal chondrocytes could be further classified into 2 different subtypes, and each subtype behaved potential opposite effects in maintaining cartilage homeostasis; next, the potential functional differences of each mesenchymal stem cell populations and the possible interactions with different cell types analysis revealed that JAG1, SPP1, MIF and PDGF etc. generated by different cells could regulate the CEP homeostasis by bone formation or angiogenesis, which could be served as novel therapeutic targets for degenerative CEP. In brief, this study mainly revealed the mesenchymal stem cells populations complexity and phenotypic characteristics in CEP. In brief, this study filled the gap in the knowledge of CEP components, further enhanced researchers’ understanding of CEP and their cell niches constitution.
The Shift of Soil Bacterial Community After Afforestation Influence Soil Organic Carbon and Aggregate Stability in Karst Region

Soil microbes regulate the carbon cycle and affect the formation and stabilization of soil aggregates. However, the interactions between the soil microbial community and soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions, organic carbon (OC) content in aggregates, and soil aggregate stability after afforestation are remain poorly understood. In our study, we investigated SOC fractions in bulk soil, aggregate-associated OC content, soil aggregate stability, and soil bacterial community with high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing at sites representing natural secondary forest (NF) and managed forest (MF), with cropland (CL) as reference in a degraded karst region of Southwest China. Our results showed that afforestation remarkably increased the SOC fraction and OC content in aggregates, the mean weight diameter (MWD), and the mean geometric diameter (GMD). The most dominant bacterial phyla detected were Acidobacteriota, Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria, and Chloroflexi across all soils. Afforestation remarkably altered the relative abundances of most of the dominant soil bacteria at the phylum, class, and order levels. Interestingly, such changes in the abundance of soil bacteria taxa had significantly effects on SOC fraction, aggregate-associated OC content, MWD, and MGD. The abundance of dominant bacterial taxa such as Methylomirabilota, Latescibacterota, Methylomirabilia, MB-A2-108, norank_Latescibacterota; Dehalococcoidia, Rokubacteriales, Gaiellales, Microtrichales, norank_c__MB-A2-108, norank_c__norank_p__Latescibacterota, Rhizobiales, and S085 not only remarkably increased but also had significant positive effects on SOC fractions and aggregate-associated OC content after afforestation. Moreover, MWD and MGD were positively correlated with the relative abundance of Methylomirabilota, Methylomirabilia, Rokubacteriales, Latescibacterota, and Rhizobiales. Results indicated the importance of certain soil bacteria for regulating SOC storage and soil aggregate stability. We concluded that afforestation on cropland could alter the abundance of soil bacteria, and these changes modulate the stability of soil aggregates and SOC fractions.
Photonics with Gallium Nitride Nanowires

The surface plasmon resonance in low-dimensional semiconducting materials is a source of valuable scientific phenomenon which opens widespread prospects for novel applications. A systematic study to shed light on the propagation of plasmons at the interface of GaN nanowire is reported. A comprehensive analysis of the interaction of light with GaN nanowires and the propagation of plasmons is carried out to uncover further potentials of the material. The results obtained on the basis of calculations designate the interaction of light with nanowires, which produced plasmons at the interface that propagate along the designed geometry starting from the center of the nanowire towards its periphery, having more flux density at the center of the nanowire. The wavelength of light does not affect the propagation of plasmons but the flux density of plasmons appeared to increase with the wavelength. Similarly, an increment in the flux density of plasmons occurs even in the case of coupled and uncoupled nanowires with wavelength, but more increment occurs in the case of coupling. Further, it was found that an increase in the number of nanowires increases the flux density of plasmons at all wavelengths irrespective of uniformity in the propagation of plasmons. The findings point to the possibility of tuning the plasmonics by using a suitable number of coupled nanowires in assembly.
How Best to Imagine: Comparing the Effectiveness of Physical Activity Imagery, Possible Self and Combined Interventions on Physical Activity and Related Outcomes

Mental imagery and possible-selves interventions can help to improve physical activity (PA) in a variety of populations. Currently, no study has combined these two interventions to test the efficacy or possible synergistic effect. This study investigated the efficacy of a one-time exposure to one of three parallel interventions: imagery, possible selves, and combined, on exercise and self-efficacy, compared to a control group who were given nutritional information as an intervention. One hundred and twelve participants were randomized and provided data at three time points – eligibility screening, post-intervention, and 4-week follow-up. There were no significant group by time interactions or group differences. Main effects for time and exercise showed all participants increased in exercise suggesting that there are no advantages of the interventions. We discuss reasons why this may have occurred and suggest several areas for future researchers to expand upon, including replication with more exposure to interventions.
Handwriting and typing: Occupational therapy practice when supporting adolescents with handwriting difficulties

Introduction While most children have developed effective handwriting by secondary school age, some have handwriting difficulties that hamper academic progress. Occupational therapists play a role in assessment and planning support, which may include introducing typing as an alternative. However, there is limited understanding regarding how decisions are made about recommending typing. This study explored the support provided to adolescents with handwriting difficulties by occupational therapists, and the contextual factors that influence their decision-making. Method Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 occupational therapists and analysed using thematic analysis. Findings Although there was shared practice underpinned by occupational therapy philosophy, there was also divergent practice due to different approaches. Roles and responsibilities, resources, and evidence and experience influenced occupational therapists’ practice. Understanding the adolescent’s motivation, the effect of handwriting difficulties on well-being and the need for a functional method to record schoolwork, was central to occupational therapists’ decision-making to recommend typing. Conclusion Strategies are needed to address the knowledge-practice gap, including evidence-based guidelines. Closer collaboration between occupational therapists and school staff could increase understanding of roles and highlight the unique occupational therapy contribution. Further research examining whether, when and how to introduce typing as an alternative to handwriting would support best practice.
Presentation of search results: the CLs technique

I describe a framework for the presentation of search results which is motivated by frequentist statistics. The most well-known use of this framework is for the combined search for the Higgs boson at LEP. A toy neutrino oscillations experiment is used to illustrate the rich information available in the framework for exclusion and discovery. I argue that the so-called CLs technique for setting limits is appropriate for determining exclusion intervals while the determination of confidence intervals advocated by Feldman and Cousins' method is more appropriate for treating established signals, i.e. going beyond discovery to measurement. (From the workshop 'Advanced Statistical Techniques in Particle Physics', 18–22 March 2002)
Editorial: Current Status and the Need for Acute and Chronic Modulation of Brain Circuits as Interventions in Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Current Status and the Need for Acute and Chronic Modulation of Brain Circuits as Interventions In neurocritical care, severe neuroinﬂammatory conditions and systematic inﬂammatory storms can occur in central nervous system infection-induced encephalitis, meningitis, or pyogenic brain infections. Systematic inﬂammatory conditions are observed in severe infection-associated thrombosis including COVID-19 and immunotherapy against tumors. In addition,
Design and implementation of simulation platform for dynamics on complex networks

Complex networks are widely applied for describing the topological structures of complex systems. Besides the exploration of the topologies for complex networks, the dynamics on the complex networks receives much attention from researchers in the field of complex systems, the techniques of computer simulations are used to intuitively understand the emergent behaviors of systems consisting of large number of interacting agents. In this paper, we aim to design to a platform for visualization of dynamics on complex networks: By setting parameters such as network topology, types of dynamics and running time, the platform can visualize agent-based micro-characters as well as system-based emergent micro-behavior for evolutionary game dynamics, opinion dynamics and infection dynamics on complex networks. In addition, it also has functions such as logic control operation, configuration of initial network state, and export of state data. Compared with other networks modeling and simulation platforms, the platform has the characteristics of multithreading, scalability and cross-platform. Especially, it can also enhance the computing efficiency by techniques of GPU parallel computation.
Pemanfaat Edmodo Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegeraan di SMK Negeri 1 Dompu

This study aims to determine the extent of the use of Edmodo as a Learning Media for Pancasila and citizenship education in SMK Negeri 1 Dompu. The method used in writing this article is a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques, namely centralized interviews and document/text studies. The results of this paper show that Edmodo is a free personal social networking platform that resembles Facebook and is used as a learning medium by teachers and students at SMK Negeri 1 Dompu. The existence of learning media not only helps students understand the learning material, but the use of learning media makes it easier for students to carry out learning and can attract students' interest in learning. Pancasila education and citizenship as a subject has a very complex material content. So that there are Edmodo learning media, students can more easily understand the material conveyed by the teacher easily. The existence of Edmodo as a learning medium in Pancasila and Citizenship Education enables students to gain knowledge and skills in using it. In addition, Edmodo as a learning media can offer convenience for its users.
Gambaran Histopatologi Toksisitas Ginjal Tikus Jantan (Rattus norvegicus) yang diberi Sirup Umbi Yakon (Smallanthus sonchifolius)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis gambaran histopatologi ginjal tikus jantan setelah pemberian sirup umbi yakon. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terbagi dalam 3 kelompok yakni KK sebagai kelompok kontrol (akuades), KP sebagai Kelompok perlakuan: KP1 (Sirup umbi yakon tanpa inhibitor) dan KP2 (Sirup umbi yakon dengan inhibitor) masing-masing tiga ulangan. Parameter: degenerasi sel dan nekrosis sel pada histologi ginjal yang diamati menggunakan mikroskop. Analisis data menggunakan uji non-parametrik Kruskall-Wallis dan Uji Mann-Whitney yang diolah menggunakan sofware SPSS 16. Berdasarkan hasil histologi ginjal pemberian sirup umbi yakon dengan inhibitor menunjukkan presentase kerusakan lebih berat dibandingkan pemberian sirup umbi yakon tanpa inhibitor dengan parameter kerusakan: degenerasi hidrofik dan juga hyalin sebesar 27,7±11,8 pada tingkat kerusakan ringan (+) yakni kerusakan sel mencapai 25% dan sel yang mengalami nekrosis sel 22,1±9,6 pada tingkat kerusakan sedang (++) yakni kerusakan sel mencapai 50%. Berdasarkan skoring hasil uji Kruskall-Wallis menunjukkan adanya pengaruh pemberian sirup umbi yakon terhadap kerusakan histopatologi ginjal yang sangat segnifikan (P<0,000) dan hasil uji Man-Whitney menunjukkan pemberian sirup umbi yakon dengan inibitor mengalami kerusakan sel paling tinggi dengan skor rata rata 1,96±0,12 (P<0,000). Simpulan penelitian ini pemberian sirup umbi yakon dapat menimbulkan efek toksik pada gambaran histopatologi ginjal tikus jantan.
Pseudogene MSTO2P Interacts with miR-128-3p to Regulate Coptisine Sensitivity of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) through TGF-β Signaling and VEGFC

Background Coptisine has been widely used for treating a variety of cancer types. To date, whether pseudogene is implicated in coptisine resistance of NSCLC remains unknown. Methods We performed MTT to assess the cell viability of A549 and Calu-1 cells. The transwell assay was used to examine the invasion of cells. TUNEL was used to determine apoptosis. Results Our data showed that coptisine treatment suppressed cell viability and invasion of NSCLC cells while contributing to apoptosis. MiR-128-3p negatively regulated MSTO2P. miR-128-3p reverted MSTO2P knockdown-attenuated cell viability and invasion, as well as promoted cell apoptosis of A549 cells. Moreover, we identified TGF-β signaling and VEGFC as key downstream effectors for MSTO2P and miR-128-3p in A549 cells. MiR-128-3p mimic inhibited TGF-β pathway-associated genes (TGFBR1, Smad2, Smad5, and Smad9), whereas miR-128-3p inhibitor exerted opposite effect. MSTO2P knockdown led to attenuated expression levels of TGFBR1, Smad2, Smad5 and Smad9. VEGFC overexpression greatly rescued miR-128-3p-modulated cell viability, invasion, and apoptosis of A549 cells. Conclusion MSTO2P plays a role in coptisine therapy of NSCLC through miR-128-3p. The findings will advance our understanding of NSCLC treatment.
Snell's law and light traveling along the shortest path

the problem to be analyzed follows: Given a starting point s, an ending point t and a set of n Weighted Faces (or regions) in a 2-dimensional space, find the best path from s to t, where the length of the path is defined as the weighted sum of the Euclidean length of the sub paths inside each region. Let f be the weight of f, with f > 0. Then walking through each face will have dierent cost depending on the n associated with each face. The weighted region problem is solved by [MP91] locally by the use of the Snell’s law. This law determines the refraction of light, the phenomenon of the change in direction experienced by a beam of light when it crosses the frontier between one transparent medium into another (for example from air into water, or into glass). The solution given by Mitchell and Papadimitriou in 1991 is analyzed as it sets an analogy between shortest paths and the optical path (light’s path). However this optics analogy has its limits, when a path hits a region in some specific ways, the results cannot be predicted by Snell’s Law. In fact Snell’s law can be violated O(n) times, where n is the number of faces (example provided by P.h.D. student, Sada Narayanappa). Finally, A simulation of Snell’s law is provided in order to visualize what a direction a light beam would successively take given a set of user-defined polygons, that have user-defined weights.
Aerial Manipulation using a Human-Embodied Drone Interface

This paper presents a human-embodied drone interface for aerial manipulation. With the immersive frame-work constructed by Unity and Virtual and Augment Reality (VR/AR), the system allows the operator to leverage their intelligence to evaluate the tasks and collaboratively perform the desired tasks beyond the operator’s line-of-sight with a mobile manipulating drone. Flight trials demonstrate the results from three horizontal tasks including drilling, peg-in-hole, and key manipulation to illustrate the efficacy of this system. This paper concludes that the successful human-embodied drone interface can contribute to society by the following: a quality dataset for autonomous dexterous aerial manipulation; hardware-free training system; opportunities for various people who live outside of normal life boundaries.
Dual-Drug Delivery via the Self-Assembled Conjugates of Choline-Functionalized Graft Copolymers

Graft copolymers based on a choline ionic liquid (IL), [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]-trimethylammonium chloride (TMAMA), were obtained by atom transfer radical polymerization. The presence of chloride counterions in the trimethylammonium groups promoted anion exchange to introduce fusidate anions (FUS, 32–55 mol.%) as the pharmaceutical anions. Both the choline-based IL copolymers and their ionic drug-carrier conjugates (FUS systems as the first type, 26–208 nm) formed micellar structures (CMC = 0.011–0.025 mg/mL). The amphiphilic systems were advantageous for the encapsulation of rifampicin (RIF, 40–67 mol.%), a well-known antibiotic, resulting in single-drug (RIF systems as the second type, 40–95 nm) and dual-drug systems (FUS/RIF as the third type, 31–65 nm). The obtained systems released significant amounts of drugs (FUS > RIF), which could be adjusted by the content of ionic units and the length of the copolymer side chains. The dual-drug systems released 31–55% FUS (4.3–5.6 μg/mL) and 19–31% RIF (3.3–4.0 μg/mL), and these results were slightly lower than those for the single-drug systems, reaching 45–81% for FUS (3.8–8.2 μg/mL) and 20–37% for RIF (3.4–4.0 μg/mL). The designed polymer systems show potential as co-delivery systems for combined therapy against drug-resistant strains using two drugs in one formula instead of the separate delivery of two drugs.
Inequality in Private Health Care Expenditures: A 36-Year Trend Study of Iranian Households

Objectives Throughout history, societies have been impacted by inequality. Many studies have been conducted on the topic more broadly, but only a few have investigated inequalities in out-of-pocket health payments (OHP). This study measures OHP inequality trends among the Iranian households. Methods This study used data from the Iranian Statistics Center on Iranian household income and expenditures. The analysis included a total of 995 300 households during the 36 years from 1984 to 2019. The Gini coefficient, Atkinson index, and Theil index were calculated for Iranian OHP. Results Average Iranian household OHP increased from 33 US dollar (USD) in 1984 to 47 USD in 2019. During this 36-year span, the average±standard deviation Gini coefficient for OHP was 0.73±0.04, and the Atkinson and Theil indexes were 0.68±0.05 and 1.14±0.29, respectively. The Gini coefficients for the subcategories of OHP of outpatient diagnostic services, medical assistant accessories, hospital inpatient services, and addiction cessation were 0.70, 0.61, 0.84, and 0.64, respectively. Conclusions In this study, we scrutinized trends of inequality in the OHP of Iranian households. Inequality in OHP decreased slightly over the past four decades. An analysis of trends among different subgroups revealed that affluent households, such as households with insurance coverage and households in higher income deciles, experienced higher inequality. Therefore, lower inequality in health care expenditures may be related to restricted access to health care services in Iran.
Microbe-mediated bioremediation: Current research and future challenges

The rise in environmental pollution over the past few decades due to rapid industrialization and unsafe agricultural practices has become a major challenge. The presence of toxic pollutants such as nuclear wastes, heavy metals, pesticides, and hydrocarbons has been languishing the environment as well as the human health. Bioremediation using microbial communities is emerging as an incredible, eco-friendly, and cost-effective approach to ameliorate the adverse effects of toxic pollutants. Microbes possess astonishing metabolic capabilities to alter most forms of organic material and can survive in extreme environmental conditions which make them attractive candidate for the bioremediation. Microbes are the treasure houses for environmental cleaning and recovering of contaminated soil and they have been reported from diverse environmental conditions including hot, cold, drought, and saline. Different groups of bioremediating microbes have reported from diverse conditions, that is, bacteria, fungi including yeast, and algae. Microbes belonging to genera Alcaligenes, Aspergillus, Bacillus, Flavobacterium, Ganoderma, Methosinus, Nocardia, Phormidium, Pseudomonas , Rhizopus , Rhodococcus, and Stereum have been reported as potential and efficient bioremediators for the degradation of different pollutants of the environment such as xenobiotics, heavy metals, hydrocarbons, and paper and pulp effluent. The present review focuses on microbial diversity in bioremediation, techniques applied in bioremediation, bioremediation of different environmental pollutants, and how bioremediation processes could be monitored.