Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of MAFLD on the complications after hepatectomy in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a term that was proposed in 2020 by a group of international experts. However, the impact of MAFLD on complications after hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma is not clear. The aim of this study is to explore the influence of MAFLD on the complications after hepatectomy in patients with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC). Patients with HBV-HCC who underwent hepatectomy between January 2019 and December 2021 were consecutively enrolled. The predictors of complications after hepatectomy in HBV-HCC patients were retrospectively analyzed. Among the 514 eligible HBV-HCC patients, 117 (22.8%) were diagnosed with concurrent MAFLD. Post hepatectomy complications occurred in 101 patients (19.6%), including 75 patients (14.6%) with infectious complications and 40 patients (7.8%) with major complications. Univariate analysis showed that MAFLD was not the risk factor for complications after hepatectomy in patients with HBV-HCC (P > .05). However, univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that lean-MAFLD was an independent risk factor for post hepatectomy complications in patients with HBV-HCC (odds ratio 2.245; 95% confidence interval 1.243–5.362, P = .028). Similar results were found in the analysis of predictors for infectious and major complications after hepatectomy in patients with HBV-HCC. MAFLD commonly coexists with HBV-HCC and is not directly associated with complications after hepatectomy, but lean-MAFLD is an independent risk factor for post hepatectomy complications in patients with HBV-HCC.
Avoiding contingent incidents by quadrotors due to one or two propellers failure

With the increasing impact of drones in our daily lives, safety issues have become a primary concern. In this study, a novel supervisor-based active fault-tolerant (FT) control system is presented for a rotary-wing quadrotor to maintain its pose in 3D space upon losing one or two propellers. Our approach allows the quadrotor to make controlled movements about a primary axis attached to the body-fixed frame. A multi-loop cascaded control architecture is designed to ensure robustness, stability, reference tracking, and safe landing. The altitude control is performed using a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller, whereas linear-quadratic-integral (LQI) and model-predictive-control (MPC) have been investigated for reduced attitude control and their performance is compared based on absolute and mean-squared error. The simulation results affirm that the quadrotor remains in a stable region, successfully performs the reference tracking, and ensures a safe landing while counteracting the effects of propeller(s) failures.
Straight chains of interconnected mass points under the action of non‐symmetric dry friction

The motion of a chain of interconnected equal material points placed on a rough straight line and connected by equal kinematical constraints is considered. It is supposed that the system experiences a small non‐symmetric Coulomb dry frictional force acting from the line side upon each mass point and opposite to the direction of motion. The magnitude of this force depends on the direction of motion. To the equation of motion the procedure of averaging is applied. The expression for the stationary “on the average” velocity of the motion of the system as a single whole is found. The obtained theoretical results can be used for the design of worm‐like vibration robots. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Resuscitation dynamics reveal persister partitioning after antibiotic treatment

Bacteria can survive antibiotics by forming dormant, drug‐tolerant persisters. Persisters can resuscitate from dormancy after treatment and prolong infections. Resuscitation is thought to occur stochastically, but its transient, single‐cell nature makes it difficult to investigate. We tracked the resuscitation of individual persisters by microscopy after ampicillin treatment and, by characterizing their dynamics, discovered that Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica persisters resuscitate exponentially rather than stochastically. We demonstrated that the key parameters controlling resuscitation map to the ampicillin concentration during treatment and efflux during resuscitation. Consistently, we observed many persister progeny have structural defects and transcriptional responses indicative of cellular damage, for both β‐lactam and quinolone antibiotics. During resuscitation, damaged persisters partition unevenly, generating both healthy daughter cells and defective ones. This persister partitioning phenomenon was observed in S. enterica, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and an E. coli urinary tract infection (UTI) isolate. It was also observed in the standard persister assay and after in situ treatment of a clinical UTI sample. This study reveals novel properties of resuscitation and indicates that persister partitioning may be a survival strategy in bacteria that lack genetic resistance.
The association between weight change after gastric cancer surgery and type 2 diabetes risk: A nationwide cohort study

Although gastric cancer patients generally experience drastic weight decrease post‐gastrectomy, the impact of weight decrease on type 2 diabetes risk remains unclear. We investigated the type 2 diabetes risk after gastric cancer surgery according to postoperative weight decrease in gastric cancer survivors in South Korea, the country with the world's highest rate of gastric cancer survival.
A numerical solution for dynamic interaction between rigid wheel and flexible beam

A numerical method is presented for the analysis of dynamic interaction between rigid wheel and flexible beam. In contrast to traditional approaches, the wheel nominal motion as well as the contact force are considered here as unknowns. The correct contact force between the wheel and the beam is computed by iteratively reducing the constraint error towards zero, and a simple time integration is employed for the solution of equations of motion. Convergence of the iterative scheme is analysed, and numerical simulations are conducted to demonstrate the accuracy of the solution.
Pathological combinations in neurodegenerative disease are heterogeneous and disease-associated

Abstract Pathologies that are causative for neurodegenerative disease (ND) are also frequently present in unimpaired, older individuals. In this retrospective study of 1647 autopsied individuals, we report the incidence of 10 pathologies across ND and normal ageing in attempt to clarify which pathological combinations are disease-associated and which are ageing-related. Eight clinically defined groups were examined including unimpaired individuals and those with clinical Alzheimer’s disease, mixed dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal degeneration, multiple system atrophy, probable Lewy body disease or probable tauopathies. Up to seven pathologies were observed concurrently resulting in a heterogeneous mix of 161 pathological combinations. The presence of multiple additive pathologies associated with older age, increasing disease duration, APOE e4 allele and presence of dementia across the clinical groups. Fifteen to 67 combinations occurred in each group, with the unimpaired group defined by 35 combinations. Most combinations occurred at a <5% prevalence including 86 that were present in only one or two individuals. To better understand this heterogeneity, we organized the pathological combinations into five broad categories based on their age-related frequency: (i) ‘Ageing only’ for the unimpaired group combinations; (ii) ‘ND only’ if only the expected pathology for that individual’s clinical phenotype was present; (iii) ‘Other ND’ if the expected pathology was not present; (iv) ‘ND + ageing’ if the expected pathology was present together with ageing-related pathologies at a similar prevalence as the unimpaired group; and (v) ‘ND + associated’ if the expected pathology was present together with other pathologies either not observed in the unimpaired group or observed at a greater frequency. ND only cases comprised a minority of cases (19–45%) except in the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (56%) and multiple system atrophy (65%) groups. The ND + ageing category represented 9–28% of each group, but was rare in Alzheimer’s disease (1%). ND + associated combinations were common in Alzheimer’s disease (58%) and Lewy body disease (37%) and were observed in all groups. The Ageing only and Other ND categories accounted for a minority of individuals in each group. This observed heterogeneity indicates that the total pathological burden in ND is frequently more than a primary expected clinicopathological correlation with a high frequency of additional disease- or age-associated pathologies.
Coding of object location by heterogeneous neural populations with spatially dependent correlations in weakly electric fish

Understanding how neural populations encode sensory stimuli remains a central problem in neuroscience. Here we performed multi-unit recordings from sensory neural populations in the electrosensory system of the weakly electric fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus in response to stimuli located at different positions along the rostro-caudal axis. Our results reveal that the spatial dependence of correlated activity along receptive fields can help mitigate the deleterious effects that these correlations would otherwise have if they were spatially independent. Moreover, using mathematical modeling, we show that experimentally observed heterogeneities in the receptive fields of neurons help optimize information transmission as to object location. Taken together, our results have important implications for understanding how sensory neurons whose receptive fields display antagonistic center-surround organization encode location. Important similarities between the electrosensory system and other sensory systems suggest that our results will be applicable elsewhere.
The Palermo Swift-BAT hard X-ray catalogue - I. Methodology

Aims. We develop a code, the BatImager ,f or efficient data processing and image reconstruction of the Swift-BAT survey data. Methods. The software performs image reconstruction via the cross-correlation method and also generates source spectra and light curves. The software is optimized for the direct production of all-sky mosaics on an equi-area spherical grid. To reduce systematic errors, we perform an accurate inflight calibration of the instrument, producing an improved description of the mask pattern, timedependent pixel equalization maps, boresight misalignment correction, and energy dependent off-axis count rate correction. Results. The software is fully tested and used for the analysis of BAT survey data, demonstrating that the BatImager is competitive in exploiting the BAT capabilities both for sensitivity and for position reconstruction.
Electric field N.M.R. of pretransitional effects in liquid crystals A solute study

Abstract Pretransitional effects in the isotropic phase of liquid crystals are manifest in the N.M. R. spectra of solutes recorded in the presence of an applied electric field. The temperature dependence of the quadrupolar splittings of p-xylene-d 10 in the isotropic phase of the nematogen 4-n-pentyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl is investigated, and proves to be as expected from the Landau-de Gennes theory for pretransitional effects. The influence of temperature in the biphasic region of the phase diagram is very striking: the orientational ordering of the solute is temperature independent. The applied electric field not only determines the ordering of the solute, but also has a clear effect on the transition temperature. Electric field N.M. R. of solutes to study pretransitional effects is an alternative to the investigation of the nematogen itself.
Experimental and Numerical Study of Cooling Gas Injection in Laminar Supersonic Flow

DOI: 10.2514/1.34218 In this study, we investigate film cooling on an inclined flat plate in a laminar supersonic flow. The influence of the most relevant parameters, the Mach and Reynolds numbers of the freestream, the blowing ratio, and the blowing geometry, is examined using numerical simulations and in experiments. Importantly, a correlation factor that describes the effect of the most important parameters for a large range of flow conditions has been developed from a simple heat balance model. Unlike the results for turbulent conditions that are typical for cooling turbine blades, interestingly, we have found that considerably less cooling gas mass flows are needed to cool the surface over a large area.Inlaminarboundarylayersnoturbulenceappears,sothatneitherthecoolinggasstronglymixeswiththemain stream nor does the blowing momentum influence the cooling effectiveness, provided that a boundary-layer transition is not induced by the cooling gas injection. Our results, presented here, agree with the results of previous investigations of laminar supersonic flow conditions.
The FK Comae stars

The paper presents IUE observations of three very rapidly rotating G-K giants (v sin i = 100 km/s). The UV spectra show strong chromospheric and transition region emission lines similar to (and in excess of) the RS CVn binaries. These stars show no evidence for radial velocity variations in excess of plus or minus 3 to plus or minus 20 km/s, arguing against duplicity. As a class, they lend support to the rotation-activity hypothesis. Coalesced W UMa binaries, rather than single stars, are the possible progenitors for these FK Com variables.
Unbalance between working memory task‐activation and task‐deactivation networks in epilepsy: Simultaneous EEG‐fMRI study

Working memory (WM) is a cognitive function involving emergent properties of theta oscillations and large‐scale network interactions. The synchronization of WM task‐related networks in the brain enhanced WM performance. However, how these networks regulate WM processing is not well known, and the alteration of the interaction among these networks may play an important role in patients with cognitive dysfunction. In this study, we used simultaneous EEG‐fMRI to examine the features of theta oscillations and the functional interactions among activation/deactivation networks during the n‐back WM task in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). The results showed that there was more enhancement of frontal theta power along with WM load increase in IGE, and the theta power was positively correlated with the accuracy of the WM tasks. Moreover, fMRI activations/deactivations correlated with n‐back tasks were estimated, and we found that the IGE group had increased and widespread activations in high‐load WM tasks, including the frontoparietal activation network and task‐related deactivation areas, such as the default mode network and primary visual and auditory networks. In addition, the network connectivity results demonstrated decreased counteraction between the activation network and deactivation network, and the counteraction was correlated with the higher theta power in IGE. These results indicated the important role of the interactions between activation and deactivation networks during the WM process, and the unbalance among them may indicate the pathophysiological mechanism of cognitive dysfunction in generalized epilepsy.
Electroacoustic equations for one‐domain ferroelectric bodies

Based on a fully Galilean electrodynamics of dielectric deformable bodies, a completely deductive derivation of the coupled, dynamical, electromagnetic, electroacoustic, and energetic equations and constitutive equations for elastic, pyroelectric, ferroelectric dielectrics accommodating viscosity and dielectric‐relaxation phenomena is presented. Of necessity the theory is first constructed in a fully nonlinear framework even though applications to signal processing are envisaged. Then a linearization is performed by Lagrangian variation about an initial ferroelectric state in which there exist no strains, but there are present both stresses and local electric field as well as an initial electric polarization. The latter provokes a breaking of the ideal symmetry of the material, so that finally linearized coupled electroacoustic and heat‐propagation equations are deduced on which can be based the study of coupled acoustic‐soft optic modes in ferroelectrics of the BaTiO3‐type. No thermodynamical restriction.
A composite state method for ensemble data assimilation with multiple limited-area models

Limited-area models (LAMs) allow high-resolution forecasts to be made for geographic regions of interest when resources are limited. Typically, boundary conditions for these models are provided through one-way boundary coupling from a coarser resolution global model. Here, data assimilation is considered in a situation in which a global model supplies boundary conditions to multiple LAMs. The data assimilation method presented combines information from all of the models to construct a single ‘composite state’, on which data assimilation is subsequently performed. The analysis composite state is then used to form the initial conditions of the global model and all of the LAMs for the next forecast cycle. The method is tested by using numerical experiments with simple, chaotic models. The results of the experiments show that there is a clear forecast benefit to allowing LAM states to influence one another during the analysis. In addition, adding LAM information at analysis time has a strong positive impact on global model forecast performance, even at points not covered by the LAMs.
Prevalence and prognosis of atrial fibrillation in a hypertensive population: A prospective cohort study

Identifying risk factors for atrial fibrillation (AF) and evaluating their impact are essential to avoid the occurrence of adverse events. However, few studies to date have explored the prevalence, risk factors, and prognosis of AF in hypertensive patients. The objective of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of AF in a hypertensive population and determine the relationship between AF and all‐cause mortality. At baseline, a total of 8541 Chinese patients with hypertension were enrolled from the Northeast Rural Cardiovascular Health Study. A logistic regression model was established to assess the relationship between blood pressure and AF, and Kaplan–Meier survival curve analysis and multivariate Cox regression were used to explore the relationship between AF and all‐cause mortality. Meanwhile, subgroup analyses illustrated the robustness of results. This study found that the overall prevalence rate of AF was 1.4% in its Chinese hypertensive population. After adjusting for the confounding factors, every standard deviation increase in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was associated with a 37% increase in the prevalence of AF (95% confidence interval: 1.152–1.627, p < .001). Compared to hypertensive patients without AF, those with AF had an increased risk of all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio = 1.866, 95% confidence interval: 1.117–3.115, p = .017) in the adjusted model. The results show that the burden of AF is quite large in rural‐dwelling Chinese hypertensive patients. Focusing on the control of DBP to prevent the occurrence of AF can be helpful. Meanwhile, AF increases risk of all‐cause mortality in hypertensive patients. Our results indicated a huge burden of AF. Considering that most of the risk factors of AF were unmodifiable in hypertensive individuals and given their high risk of mortality, long‐term interventions, including AF education, timely screening, and widespread use of anticoagulant drugs, should be emphasized in hypertensive populations.
Wrinkles in subsecond time perception are synchronized to the heart.

The role of the heart in the experience of time has been long theorized but empirical evidence is scarce. Here, we examined the interaction between fine-grained cardiac dynamics and the momentary experience of subsecond intervals. Participants performed a temporal bisection task for brief tones (80-188 ms) synchronized with the heart. We developed a cardiac Drift-Diffusion Model (cDDM) that embedded contemporaneous heart rate dynamics into the temporal decision model. Results revealed the existence of temporal wrinkles-dilation or contraction of short intervals-in synchrony with cardiac dynamics. A lower prestimulus heart rate was associated with an initial bias in encoding the millisecond-level stimulus duration as longer, consistent with facilitation of sensory intake. Concurrently, a higher prestimulus heart rate aided more consistent and faster temporal judgments through more efficient evidence accumulation. Additionally, a higher speed of poststimulus cardiac deceleration, a bodily marker of attention, was associated with a greater accumulation of sensory temporal evidence in the cDDM. These findings suggest a unique role of cardiac dynamics in the momentary experience of time. Our cDDM framework opens a new methodological avenue for investigating the role of the heart in time perception and perceptual judgment.
Causal Relationships Between Glycemic Traits and Myopia

Purpose Little is known about whether sugar intake is a risk factor for myopia, and the influence of glycemic control remains unclear, with inconsistent results reported. This study aimed to clarify this uncertainty by evaluating the link between multiple glycemic traits and myopia. Methods We employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design using summary statistics from independent genome-wide association studies. A total of six glycemic traits, including adiponectin, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and proinsulin levels, were used as exposures, and myopia was used as the outcome. The inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method was the main applied analytic tool and was complemented with comprehensive sensitivity analyses. Results Out of the six glycemic traits studied, we found that adiponectin was significantly associated with myopia. The genetically predicted level of adiponectin was consistently negatively associated with myopia incidence: IVW (odds ratio [OR] = 0.990; P = 2.66 × 10−3), MR Egger (OR = 0.983; P = 3.47 × 10−3), weighted median method (OR = 0.989; P = 0.01), and weighted mode method (OR = 0.987; P = 0.01). Evidence from all sensitivity analyses further supported these associations. In addition, a higher HbA1c level was associated with a greater risk of myopia: IVW (OR = 1.022; P = 3.06 × 10−5). Conclusions Genetic evidence shows that low adiponectin levels and high HbA1c are associated with an increased risk of myopia. Given that physical activity and sugar intake are controllable variables in blood glycemia treatment, these findings provide new insights into potential strategies to delay myopia onset.