Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Performance Assessment of High-Order Tremor Estimators Used in a Wearable Tremor Suppression Device

The side effects and complications of traditional treatments for treating pathological tremor have led to a growing research interest in wearable tremor suppression devices (WTSDs) as an alternative approach. Similar to how the human brain coordinates the function of the human system, a tremor estimator determines how a WTSD functions. Although many tremor estimation algorithms have been developed and validated, whether they can be implemented on a cost-effective embedded system has not been studied; furthermore, their effectiveness on tremor signals with multiple harmonics has not been investigated. Therefore, in this study, four tremor estimators were implemented, evaluated, and compared: Weighted-frequency Fourier Linear Combiner (WFLC), WFLC-based Kalman Filter (WFLC-KF), Band-limited Multiple FLC, and enhanced High-order WFLC-KF (eHWFLC-KF). This study aimed to evaluate the performance of each algorithm on a bench-top tremor suppression system with 18 recorded tremor motion datasets; and compare the performance of each estimator. The experimental evaluation showed that the eHWFLC-KF-based WTSD achieved the best performance when suppressing tremor with an average of 89.3% reduction in tremor power, and an average error when tracking voluntary motion of 6.6°/s. Statistical analysis indicated that the eHWFLC-KF-based WTSD is able to reduce the power of tremor better than the WFLC and WFLC-KF, and the BMFLC-based WTSD is better than the WFLC. The performance when tracking voluntary motion is similar among all systems. This study has proven the feasibility of implementing various tremor estimators in a cost-effective embedded system, and provided a real-time performance assessment of four tremor estimators.
Flux coupling, not specificity, shapes the transport and phylogeny of SLC6 glycine transporters

Significance ATB0,+ is a sodium- and chloride-coupled symporter that absorbs cationic and neutral amino acids in the lung and distal colon epithelia. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that ATB0,+ is close to GlyT2, the neuronal transporter that supplies and recaptures glycine at inhibitory synapses. Here we establish a 3:1:1 Na+:Cl−:glycine stoichiometry for ATB0,+ that explains its accumulative transport properties and lack of reversibility. Kinetic modeling of its charge movement suggests a gating mechanism that locks Na+ at depolarized potentials. We propose that the large driving force generated by a 3-Na+ coupling allows active uptake of amino acids in a low-sodium environment but may be deleterious if ATB0,+ is overexpressed and has access to normal sodium concentration, as has been reported in cancers.
Characterization of preantral follicle clustering and neighborhood patterns in the equine ovary

Understanding the transition from quiescent primordial follicles to activated primary follicles is vital for characterizing ovarian folliculogenesis and improving assisted reproductive techniques. To date, no study has investigated preantral follicle crowding in the ovaries of livestock or characterized these crowds according to follicular morphology and ovarian location (portions and regions) in any species. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the crowding (clustering and neighborhood) patterns of preantral follicles in the equine ovary according to mare age, follicular morphology and developmental stage, and spatial location in the ovary. Ovaries from mares (n = 8) were collected at an abattoir and processed histologically for evaluation of follicular clustering using the Morisita Index and follicular neighborhoods in ovarian sections. Young mares were found to have a large number of preantral follicles with neighbors (n = 2,626), while old mares had a small number (n = 305). Moreover, young mares had a higher number of neighbors per follicle (2.6 ± 0.0) than old mares (1.2 ± 0.1). Follicle clustering was shown to be present in all areas of the ovary, with young mares having more clustering overall than old mares and a tendency for higher clustering in the ventral region when ages were combined. Furthermore, follicles with neighbors were more likely to be morphologically normal (76.5 ± 6.5%) than abnormal (23.5 ± 6.5%). Additionally, morphologically normal activated follicles had increased odds of having neighbors than normal resting follicles, and these normal activated follicles had more neighbors (2.6 ± 0.1) than normal resting follicles (2.3 ± 0.1 neighbors). In the present study, it was demonstrated that preantral follicles do crowd in the mare ovary and that clustering/neighborhood patterns are dynamic and differ depending on mare age, follicular morphology, and follicular developmental stage.
Cognitive flexibility in autism: Evidence from young autistic children

We examined the cognitive flexibility performance of young autistic children and a group of neurotypical peers. Thirty‐six autistic children (72–83 months) and 200 age‐matched typically‐developing children were assessed on the Children's Color Trails Test (CCTT), a semantic and a phonemic verbal fluency task. The results showed that the autistic children performed worse than their neurotypical peers in the switching component of the CCTT. In the fluency tests, the autistic group generated overall fewer word items than their neurotypical peers, however, their poorer performance was driven by specific linguistic stimuli in the fluency tasks. The findings suggest that cognitive flexibility for the autistic children was affected in the nonverbal CCTT only, while poor performance in semantic and phonemic fluency seemed to be inherent to the language properties of the verbal fluency tasks.
Induced dormancy in Indian meal moth Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) and its impact on the quality improvement for mass rearing in parasitoid Habrobracon hebetor (Say)

Abstract A steady supply of hosts at the susceptible stage for parasitism is a major component of mass rearing parasitoids for biological control programs. Here we describe the effects of storing 5th instar Plodia interpunctella larvae in dormancy on subsequent host development in the context of host colony maintenance and effects of the duration of host dormancy on the development of Habrobracon hebetor parasitoids reared from dormant hosts. We induced dormancy with a combination of short daylength (12L:12D) and lower temperature (15°C), conditions known to induce diapause in this species, and held 5th instar larvae of P. interpunctella for a series of dormancy durations ranging from 15 to 105 days. Extended storage of dormant 5th instar larvae had no significant impacts on survival, development, or reproductive potential of P. interpunctella, reinforcing that dormant hosts have a substantial shelf life. This ability to store hosts in dormancy for more than 3 months at a time without strong negative consequences reinforces the promise of using dormancy to maintain host colonies. The proportion of hosts parasitized by H. hebetor did not vary significantly between non-dormant host larvae and dormant host larvae stored for periods as long as 105 days. Concordant with a prior study, H. hebetor adult progeny production from dormant host larvae was higher than the number of progeny produced on non-dormant host larvae. There were no differences in size, sex ratio, or reproductive output of parasitoids reared on dormant hosts compared to non-dormant hosts stored for up to 105 days. Larval development times of H. hebetor were however longer when reared on dormant hosts compared to non-dormant hosts. Our results agree with other studies showing using dormant hosts can improve parasitoid mass rearing, and we show benefits for parasitoid rearing even after 3 months of host dormancy.
Colloquium: Nonequilibrium dynamics of closed interacting quantum systems

This Colloquium gives an overview of recent theoretical and experimental progress in the area of nonequilibrium dynamics of isolated quantum systems. There is particularly a focus on quantum quenches: the temporal evolution following a sudden or slow change of the coupling constants of the system Hamiltonian. Several aspects of the slow dynamics in driven systems are discussed and the universality of such dynamics in gapless systems with specific focus on dynamics near continuous quantum phase transitions is emphasized. Recent progress on understanding thermalization in closed systems through the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis is also reviewed and relaxation in integrable systems is discussed. Finally key experiments probing quantum dynamics in cold atom systems are overviewed and put into the context of our current theoretical understanding.
Electrodermal Orienting Response During Active-Alert Hypnosis: Do Verbal Suggestions Influence Automatic Attentional Processes?

ABSTRACT This study explored the influence of suggestions on differences in electrodermal laterality of the skin conductance orienting response (SCR). Thirty-two participants were randomly assigned to either permitting or excluding suggestions. During the dream task in the permitting condition the suggestion was: “You are aware of your surroundings and any distractions that might disturb your dream,” while in the excluding condition the wording was: “No outside stimulus will disturb your sleep. ” Participants were presented with 12 standards and 2 deviant computer-generated tones during active-alert hypnosis and musical control conditions in a mixed within-between design. High hypnotizables produced higher SCRs after permissive compared to excluding suggestions during hypnosis, while low hypnotizables did the same in the control condition. Study limitations include some loss of data due to equipment failure and relative homogeneity of sample, therefore results cannot be considered definitive.
Distance measures for speech recognition

This report is concerned with the application of aspects of statistical pattern classification to speech recognition. It presents an extension of linear discriminant analysis to the case where the classes are unknown. This extension provides solutions to the interrelated problems of the design of acoustic representations and spectral distance measures, and allows the efficient combination of heterogeneous sets of parameters. In particular, a representation called IMELDA based on the output of a filter-bank and its changes in time is introduced. Other approaches to distance measures are discussed. It is noted that these other methods lack the ability to make efficient combinations of heterogeneous parameters, and that they require empirical adjustments in order to give good results. Tests indicate that IMELDA provides markedly superior recognition performance compared to the alternatives.
IRF4 expression by lung dendritic cells drives acute but not Trm cell–dependent memory Th2 responses

Expression of the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) is required for the development of lung conventional DCs type 2 (cDC2s) that elicit Th2 responses, yet how IRF4 functions in lung cDC2s throughout the acute and memory allergic response is not clear. Here, we used a mouse model that loses IRF4 expression after lung cDC2 development to demonstrate that mice with IRF4-deficient DCs display impaired memory responses to allergen. This defect in the memory response was a direct result of ineffective Th2 induction and impaired recruitment of activated effector T cells to the lung after sensitization. IRF4-deficient DCs demonstrated defects in their migration to the draining lymph node and in T cell priming. Finally, T cells primed by IRF4-competent DCs mediated potent memory responses independently of IRF4-expressing DCs, demonstrating that IRF4-expressing DCs are not necessary during the memory response. Thus, IRF4 controlled a program in mature DCs governing Th2 priming and effector responses, but IRF4-expressing DCs were dispensable during tissue-resident memory T cell–dependent memory responses.
The impact of break duration, time of break onset, and prior shift duration on the amount of sleep between shifts in heavy vehicle drivers

This study aimed to examine the impact of break duration between consecutive shifts, time of break onset, and prior shift duration on total sleep time (TST) between shifts in heavy vehicle drivers (HVDs), and to assess the interaction between break duration and time of break onset. The sleep (actigraphy and sleep diaries) and work shifts (work diaries) of 27 HVDs were monitored during their usual work schedule for up to 9 weeks. Differences in TST between consecutive shifts and days off were assessed. Linear mixed models (followed by pairwise comparisons) assessed whether break duration, prior shift duration, time of break onset, and the interaction between break duration and break onset were related to TST between shifts. Investigators found TST between consecutive shifts (mean [SD] 6.38 [1.38] h) was significantly less than on days off (mean [SD] 7.63 [1.93] h; p < 0.001). Breaks starting between 12:01 and 8:00 a.m. led to shorter sleep (p < 0.05) compared to breaks starting between 4:01 and 8:00 p.m. Break durations up to 7, 9, and 11 h (Australian and European minimum break durations) resulted in a mean (SD) of 4.76 (1.06), 5.66 (0.77), and 6.41 (1.06) h of sleep, respectively. The impact of shift duration prior to the break and the interaction between break duration and time of break were not significant. HVDs’ sleep between workdays is influenced independently by break duration and time of break onset. This naturalistic study provides evidence that current break regulations prevent sufficient sleep duration in this industry. Work regulations should evaluate appropriate break durations and break onset times to allow longer sleep opportunities for HVDs.
Sensitive survey for 13CO, CN, H2CO, and SO in the disks of T Tauri and Herbig Ae stars - II. Stars in ρ Ophiuchi and upper Scorpius

We attempt to determine the molecular composition of disks around young low-mass stars in the $\rho$ Oph region and to compare our results with a similar study performed in the Taurus-Auriga region. We used the IRAM 30 m telescope to perform a sensitive search for CN N=2-1 in 29 T Tauri stars located in the $\rho$ Oph and upper Scorpius regions. $^{13}$CO J=2-1 is observed simultaneously to provide an indication of the level of confusion with the surrounding molecular cloud. The bandpass also contains two transitions of ortho-H$_2$CO, one of SO, and the C$^{17}$O J=2-1 line, which provides complementary information on the nature of the emission. Contamination by molecular cloud in $^{13}$CO and even C$^{17}$O is ubiquitous. The CN detection rate appears to be lower than for the Taurus region, with only four sources being detected (three are attributable to disks). H$_2$CO emission is found more frequently, but appears in general to be due to the surrounding cloud. The weaker emission than in Taurus may suggest that the average disk size in the $\rho$ Oph region is smaller than in the Taurus cloud. Chemical modeling shows that the somewhat higher expected disk temperatures in $\rho$ Oph play a direct role in decreasing the CN abundance. Warmer dust temperatures contribute to convert CN into less volatile forms. In such a young region, CN is no longer a simple, sensitive tracer of disks, and observations with other tracers and at high enough resolution with ALMA are required to probe the gas disk population.
Informal caregivers and assistive technology in Norwegian nursing homes

Aim To explore informal caregivers’ experiences and perspectives concerning assistive technology (AT) in two nursing homes, through the conceptual lens of person-centredness. Background The integration and use of AT and a person-centred approach to care are political intentions within healthcare services, both internationally and in Norway. In nursing homes, informal caregivers are often collaborators with the staff, and can be important partners concerning the implementation of AT in a person-centred way. However, there is little knowledge about the informal caregivers’ perspectives on the use of AT in nursing homes, or of whether or how they are included in the integration and use of AT. Methods The study had a qualitative design and comprised eleven informal caregivers of residents in two nursing homes in Norway. In-depth interviews were used for data collection. The data were analysed using content analysis. COREQ reporting guidelines were applied to ensure comprehensive reporting. Results Emerging themes highlighted the slow-going transition from old to new technology, and how the informal caregivers experienced that AT both promoted and degraded the dignity of their family members. Informal caregivers were positive to the use of technology, but have sparse knowledge and information about ATs in the nursing homes. They express a desire for AT to increase activity and safety, which promotes dignity, quality of life, and quality of the care for their family member. The informal caregivers want their family member to be seen, heard, and to get assistance on their own terms, even with regard to technology. Conclusion Before AT can be implemented, informal caregivers need to be informed and listened to and included in the processes. Through their stories, one can form an idea of how important a person-centred approach is to contributing to individually tailored and introduced AT in collaboration with the informal caregivers.
An optimal design of a cylindrical polarimetric phased array radar for weather sensing

An optimal design of a cylindrical polarimetric phased array radar (CPPAR) for weather sensing is presented. A recently introduced invasive weed optimization (IWO) technique is employed to obtain the desired radiation pattern of the CPPAR. Instead of optimizing each element excitation in a large array (with expensive calculation costs), the modified Bernstein polynomial distribution, defined by seven parameters, is used to optimize the current distribution for the CPPAR. The simulation results show that the desired sidelobe levels (SLLs) and beam width are achieved in a computationally effective manner. Furthermore, the imaged feed arrangement is used to suppress the cross‐polarization level. Both co‐polar and cross‐polar radiation patterns for broadside and off‐broadside directions are presented to show the performance of the optimized CPPAR.
Parent Survey Identifies Low-Cost Emotional and Educational Supports in NICU and Beyond

Background: Families face significant mental health challenges after preterm birth. However, there are few low-cost and sustainable services to help with mental health challenges. Purpose: To understand suggestions for low-cost and sustainable mental health supports to help families. Methods: This was an internet-based survey made available to preterm families through the Canadian Premature Babies Foundation social media (Facebook private parents' group). Results: Families reported that peer support, such as connecting with other parents and families who experience preterm birth, was most beneficial. Parents also reported ways to allow families to access the existing mental health services, such as providing child care options and improving advertisement of available resources. Implications: Our results can help implement beneficial low-cost and sustainable mental health supports across many contexts (eg, hospitals and community organization) both in-person and online.
Absence of the twisted superfluid state in a mean-field model of bosons on a honeycomb lattice

Motivated by recent observations (P. Soltan-Panahi {\it et al.}, Nature Physics {\bf 8}, 71-75 (2012)), we study the stability of a Bose-Einstein Condensate within a spin-dependent honeycomb lattice towards forming a "Twisted Superfluid" state. Our exhaustive numerical search fails to find this phase, pointing to possible non-mean field physics.
Hand Gestures Recognition for Human-Machine Interfaces: A Low-Power Bio-Inspired Armband

Hand gesture recognition has recently increased its popularity as Human-Machine Interface (HMI) in the biomedical field. Indeed, it can be performed involving many different non-invasive techniques, e.g., surface ElectroMyoGraphy (sEMG) or PhotoPlethysmoGraphy (PPG). In the last few years, the interest demonstrated by both academia and industry brought to a continuous spawning of commercial and custom wearable devices, which tried to address different challenges in many application fields, from tele-rehabilitation to sign language recognition. In this work, we propose a novel 7-channel sEMG armband, which can be employed as HMI for both serious gaming control and rehabilitation support. In particular, we designed the prototype focusing on the capability of our device to compute the Average Threshold Crossing (ATC) parameter, which is evaluated by counting how many times the sEMG signal crosses a threshold during a fixed time duration (i.e., 130 ms), directly on the wearable device. Exploiting the event-driven characteristic of the ATC, our armband is able to accomplish the on-board prediction of common hand gestures requiring less power w.r. t. state of the art devices. At the end of an acquisition campaign that involved the participation of 26 people, we obtained an average classifier accuracy of 91.9% when aiming to recognize in real time 8 active hand gestures plus the idle state. Furthermore, with 2.92 mA of current absorption during active functioning and 1.34 ms prediction latency, this prototype confirmed our expectations and can be an appealing solution for long-term (up to 60 h) medical and consumer applications.
Efficacy and safety in patients with haemophilia A switching to octocog alfa (BAY 81–8973): Final results of the global real‐world study, TAURUS

To report the final results of the 2‐year TAURUS study, assessing weekly prophylaxis dosing regimens of octocog alfa (Kovaltry®/BAY 81–8973) used in standard clinical practice in patients with moderate‐to‐severe haemophilia A.
Reducing delayed transfer of care in older people: A qualitative study of barriers and facilitators to shorter hospital stays

Growing numbers of older patients occupy hospital beds despite being ‘medically fit’ for discharge. These Delayed Transfers of Care amplify inefficiencies in care and can cause harm. Delayed transfer because of family or patient choice is common; yet, research on patient and family perspectives is scarce. To identify barriers to, and facilitators of, shorter hospital stays, we sought to understand older people's and caregivers' thoughts and feelings about the benefits and harms of being in hospital and the decisions made at discharge.
Characterization of semicomputable sets, and computable partial functions,on the real plane

This thesis is composed of two related projects: (1) Characterizations of semicomputable subsets of R as unions of effective infinite sequences of “elementary” open sets. This developed from Bo Xie’s MSc thesis (2004) on semicomputable subsets of R, where the elementary sets are simply open (rational or algebraic) intervals. This is generalized to two dimensions by taking elementary sets to be basic open semalgebraic sets. Three structure theorems are derived, based on computability by various forms of the ‘while’ programming language. By means of the cell decomposition theorem, variants of these structure theorem are derived, with “basic open semialgebraic sets” replaced by “connected open semialgebraic sets”. (2) Equivalence of computability models for partial functions on R. This developed from the research in my MSc thesis (2007) for partial functions f on R, in which four models of computability (including Grzegorczyk-Lacombe (GL) iii