Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Maryland Centrifugal Torus (MCT): An Experiment to Test Centrifugal Confinement for Fusion

The basic idea of centrifugal confinement is to use centrifugal forces from supersonic rotation to augment conventional magnetic confinement. Optimizing this “knob” results in a fusion device that features four advantages: steady state, no disruptions, superior cross-field confinement, and a simpler coil configuration. The idea rests on two prongs: first, centrifugal forces can confine plasmas to desired regions of shaped magnetic fields; second, the accompanying large velocity shear can stabilize even magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities. A third feature is that the velocity shear also viscously heats the plasma; no auxiliary heating is necessary to reach fusion temperatures. Regarding transport, the velocity shear can also quell microturbulence, leading to fully classical confinement, as there are no neoclassical effects. Classical parallel electron transport then sets the confinement time. These losses are minimized by a large Pastukhov factor resulting from the deep centrifugal potential well: at M.
Antibacterial power of Olea Europaea extracts from different Moroccan regions

The discovery of antibiotics has always been a medical advance that has improved the prognosis of infections. However, resistance to these products has evolved into a major health problem. Some diseases are even resistant to all antibiotics currently available on the market. A reduction in the use of antibiotics must be based on other approaches, namely the use of alternative treatments to antibiotics, such as phytotherapy. In the same objective our study focused on the research of the antibacterial power of Olea Europaea known for its various medicinal properties. 31 bacterial strains were tested for their susceptibility using the agar diffusion method, and we determined their MIC by the micro titration technique on microplates. Five bacteria belonged to the American collection (ATCC) and 26 strains isolated from nosocomial infections between the period of 2011 and 2015. We noticed that our aqueous, methanolic, ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts are active against all tested bacteria. On the other hand, we observed that the hexane and dichloromethane extracts showed no inhibition effect on all the bacteria tested. The methanolic extract showed a higher MIC against ESBL enterobacteria (E. coli, E. cloacae, P. mirabilis) and imipenem-resistant A. baumanii. The lowest MIC was 1.56 ug / ml.
P-Doped g-C3N4 Nanosheets with Highly Dispersed Co0.2Ni1.6Fe0.2P Cocatalyst for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

: Throughout the twentieth century, temperatures climbed rapidly as the use of fossil fuels proliferated and greenhouse gas levels soared. Thus, the need to develop environmentally friendly energy sources to replace during the photocatalytic reaction. In addition, the TEM results indicate that CoNiFeP with a size of 6–8 nm are highly dispersed on the PCNS surface. The highly dispersed CoNiFeP demonstrated better charge-separation capacity and higher intrinsic electrocatalytic hydrogen-evolution activity than the aggregated CoNiFeP. Thus, the hydrogen evolution rate of aggregated CoNiFeP-PCNs (300 μmol·h −1 ·g −1 ) was much lower than that of PCNS-CoNiFeP. Furthermore, P doping of CNS could improve electric conductivity and charge transport. It is expected that loading highly dispersed CoNiFeP and P doping could be extended to promote photocatalytic hydrogen production using various photocatalysts.
Management of Dietary Habits and Diarrhea in Fap Individuals: A Mediterranean Low-Inflammatory Dietary Intervention

Background: A total colectomy and a frequent life-long endoscopic surveillance are guaranteed to patients with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) to reduce their risk of duodenal and rectal stump cancers. However, after surgery, individuals with FAP suffer from an increased number of diarrheal discharges that force them to dietary restrictions. A non-randomized pilot study was conducted to assess whether a three-month low-inflammatory Mediterranean dietary intervention reduces gastro-intestinal markers of inflammation in FAP individuals. The aim of the present work is to evaluate the participant’s adherence to the proposed dietary recommendations and the change in their number of diarrheal discharges. Methods: 26 FAP individuals aged >18 years, who underwent a total colectomy with ileo-rectal anastomosis and were involved in the surveillance program at the Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori of Milan, were included in the present analysis. Results: FAP individuals significantly reduced the Not recommended foods (p-value: 0.002) and increased the consumption of the Recommended ones (p-value: 0.075). The adherence to the proposed dietary recommendations was accompanied by a significant decrease in the number of diarrheal discharges (p-value: 0.008). Conclusions: This study suggests that adhering to a low-inflammatory Mediterranean diet has a potential protective effect on the number of diarrheal discharges in FAP individuals.
Biomechanical Analysis of Workstation Improvement in Actuator Arm Damper Assembly of Hard Disk Drive Industry

The objective of this research is to apply Biomechanical Analysis to find forces and moments thateffect to parts of body from outside forces, loading and working postures by gathering knowledge ofMechanics, Anthropometry, Anatomy and Physiology to be Mathematical Model. Results in this research wereforces and moments at hand, lower arm, upper arm and back joints and especially emphasized on findingcompressive force at L5/S1 lumbar discs . About Ergonomics problems, tables in above mentioned processwere low. Researchers tried out to improve table to be 10 centimeters higher, then we assessed operatorsxpostures by using Biomechanical Model in both before and after adjustment period. Results showed thatcompressive force at L5/S1 lumbar discs were 24.83% reduced in new adaptive workstation.
Electrochemically-Grown Single Nanowire Array for Highly Sensitive and Selective Chemical Detection

One dimensional nanostructures (nanowires) have emerged as important building blocks for micro/nano devices, such as chemical and biomolecular sensors, photovoltaic devices, nonvolatile memories, and nano power generators. In this work, the fabrication and characterization of single metal, conducting polymer and metal oxide nanowires will be discussed. These single nanowires were synthesized site-specifically inside Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) channels defined by electron beam lithography (EBL) via electrochemical deposition. The dimensions of these nanowires were predefined by optical lithography and EBL, and the widths were from 100 nm to 50 nm and the lengths were from 3 to 7 microns. A gate-assisted electrochemical deposition method that was able to effectively improve the nanowire growth will be discussed. The successful integration of four different single nanowires on a single chip will also be demonstrated.The applications of these single nanowires will be presented. A highly sensitive hydrogen sensor with fast response (<20 s) and extremely low detection limit (2 ppm) was achieved using single Palladium (Pd) nanowire. The structure of the Pd nanowire was found to be closely related to the growth condition, and different sensing mechanisms were discovered for different nanowire structures.An electronic nose was built on a single chip using a nanowire array consisting of four different single nanowires, including Pd, Polypyrrole (PPy), Polyaniline (PANI), and ZnO nanowires. The sensing performances of this electronic nose for four different target gases, including carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and methanol (CH3OH), were studied in detail. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was employed to analyze the sensing signals and each target gas was clearly identified. A blind test was conducted to verify the performance of this e-nose.
Diretriz Brasileira de Reabilitação Cardiovascular: Valores e Limitações

Marlus Karsten,1,2 Ariany Marques Vieira,3,4 Gabriela Lima de Melo Ghisi5 Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina Programa de Pós-graduação em Fisioterapia,1 Florianópolis, SC Brasil Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação,2 Porto Alegre, RS Brasil Concordia University Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology,3 Montreal, Quebec Canadá Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre CIUSSS du Nord-de-l’Île-de-Montréal,4 Montreal, Quebec Canadá University Health Network Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Program,5 Toronto, Ontario – Canadá
Fleet Assignment with a Continuously Adjustable Flight Schedule

Fleet assignment is one of the four major steps in airline planning. The objective of the fleet assignment problem (FAP) is to determine which type of aircraft should fly on each flight leg while considering different characteristics and costs associated with different fleet types. This article proposes a multiphase approach to solving the FAP. Backward arcs were used to solve basic FAPs. Then the backward arcs were eliminated by using linear programming. By allowing backward time, our formulation has a similar level of flexibility as the fleet assignment model with time-window (FAMTW), but the problem size grows much slower than FAMTW. Examples using real data obtained from a major airline are included in this article.
An investigation into the barriers associated with ICT use in the Youthreach classroom.

An investigation into the barriers associated with ICT use in the Youthreach classroom. A case study of one Centre for Education in the North West. Noel B. Rodden __________________________________________________________________ ICT has impacted, to some degree, on almost every facet of our lives. Children today grow up with an array of technology, both at home and at school. Educators and governments have devoted huge resources to the provision of technology in the learning environment. Schools IT2000 was launched in Ireland in 1997 with a state investment of £40 million. It committed the Irish government to equip and support our schools with the most modern ICT equipment. A further €252 million was allocated in 2007 and an additional €150 million in November 2009. However, this investment related to the mainstream sector only. The integration of educational technology depends to a significant extent, on the effectiveness and commitment of teachers. This research study investigates, analyses and interprets data, to delineate the factors that prevent teachers’ use of educational technology, at a Youthreach Centre in the North West of Ireland. The main aim of this study was to investigate the barriers that prevent the integration of ICT in a Youthreach Centre. Youthreach is an inter-Departmental initiative for young people who have left school early. Against a background of falling prices, increasing computing power, increased network capability and the almost limitless potential of the Internet, the full integration of ICT in Youthreach Centres remains stubbornly lacking and appears to be some distance away, when compared to the mainstream second level sector. This case study was conducted in late 2009 and early 2010. Qualitative and quantitative data were obtained from Youthreach teachers and collected by means of questionnaires, interviews, training and observation. Questionnaires were distributed to all teachers in the Youthreach Centre. Interviews were conducted with a number of Youthreach teachers and observation was carried out to obtain further data. The findings indicate that particular factors such as lack of time, lack of training, lack of confidence, extent of ICT experience and access to resources all affect teacher perceptions and use of ICT in this Youthreach Centre.
Anthropogenic Carbon Aerosol Induced Carbonation in Reinforced Concrete: Deterioration Effects on Mechanical Properties

The effects of corrosion on the reinforced concrete structure due to carbonation affect its operation life. The research work considers a major critical component causing global warming as it studies the links between reinforced concrete deterioration mechanisms and anthropogenic carbon aerosol (black carbon soot) emissions in the atmosphere. Experimental tests were carried out to study the effect of carbonation caused by the emission of black carbon soot on mechanical properties and durability of reinforced concrete. Mass concrete and reinforced concrete prepared with Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) in water/cement ratios ranging from 0.45 to 0.65 were used to produce concrete samples. Compressive strength tests, tensile strength test, and carbonation depth tests were carried out on concrete to determine its level of deterioration following the carbonation effect. The carbonation chamber was prepared with carbon soot of different concentrations to simulate different levels of black carbon soot in the atmosphere. Results showed that concrete compressive strength was not totally affected by carbonation, but there was reduction in the tensile strength of reinforcing steel. The carbonation depth was observed to progress deeper into the concrete with a longer duration of exposure to carbonation agents in the chamber. The result of this study will serve as a guide during concrete installations.
Effects of a Mobile Cloud-Based Learning System Using a P2P Reverse Engineering Approach on Enhancing Computational Thinking

In each country, skills development in the 21st century plays a crucial role in education at all levels. One of these skills is computational thinking (CT), which is the ability to systematically think and solve problems in daily life. This research aims to ascertain the benefits of using a mobile cloud-based learning system with a peer-to-peer reverse engineering approach in enhancing CT skill. In this study, a cloud-based learning system and learning management plans were employed as research instruments, and a CT test was used as a data gathering instrument. The data were analyzed using the mean and standard deviation, repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), and t-test. The findings suggested that the students’ scores were higher after using the cloud-based learning system, at a 0.05 level of significance. After performing the repeated-measures ANOVA, the students’ scores were significantly higher at a 0.05 level in each round of the CT test. At the same time, peer learning increased the positive attitude of the learners toward the system and promoted the effectiveness of working in a team. This study provides a better understanding of the current research trends in the field of CT education, the perception of students, and the learning strategies and technology involved in CT education.
Keeping Our Best: Econometric Analysis of Retention and Performance at Engineering Solutions

This study analyzes the retention and performance of 100 engineers who started work at “Engineering Solutions” in 1996, of whom 65 were still with the firm in 2002. The retention analysis shows that the firm retained disproportionately the better performers, those with the psychological attributes that make for greater success, those with greater work attachment, and those with fewer dependent-related job issues. The performance analysis shows that the top-rated engineers are primarily those who exhibit favorable psychological characteristics, that a few other characteristics make a small difference to performance, and that the remaining variables make no difference at all.
Reply to Comment by Rigolot on “Narratives Behind Livestock Methane Mitigation Studies Matter”

A comment by Dr. Rigolot acknowledged the scientific value of our recent study on livestock methane emissions and mitigation potentials, while highlighting that our study should better “cultivate synergies between production and more ambitious demand‐side efforts. ” The author's comment questioned our narrative to be inadvertently (not intentionally) contributing to a “climate delay discourse” in several ways that might hinder ambitious mitigation efforts. This is indeed a welcome perspective that merits further comment.
ABCs of e-Learning: Reaping the Benefits and Avoiding the Pitfalls

From the Publisher: This handy guide puts the focus on leader-led or Web-based training (WBT), currently the most popular type of e-learning. Readers will discover four types of e-learningleader-led, self-study, knowledge management, and performance supportand learn when and how to use them. This book is filled with helpful suggestions and information based on the author's extensive experience as a workplace performance improvement consultant and e-learning specialist
Language Engineering for Mobile Software

Mobile systems offer the possibility of delivering software services that tightly match user needs,thanks to their availability right at the moment and place where they are needed, and their ability to take advantage of local resources and self-adapt to their environment of use. Alas, writing software for mobile systems is not an easy endeavour. Mobile software construction imposes a number challenges that render existing programming technology insufficient to write such software conveniently. To improve this situation, we have taken a language engineering approach. In this chapter we identify the main challenges encountered in mobile software construction and the requirements they rise in the design of programming languages. By way of illustration, we present the result of our language engineering experiments —four programming models to ease the construction of software that can cope gracefully with the challenges brought about by mobility.
Hyperspectral study of a 640x512 infrared focal plane array of QWIP technology

A test bench has been developed at ONERA in order to measure the spectral responses of infrared focal plane arrays (IRFPAs). This test bench can deliver hyperspectral cartographies with rather good resolutions (better than 16 cm-1) on large spectral ranges (from 1.3 μm to 20 μm). The principle of this test bench will be described. Using this technique, tests have been performed on a large format (640x512) IRFPA of quantum-well technology operating in the 8- to 10-μm spectral range. The prototype tested had several small defects that produce spectacular hyperspectral cartographies. To explain the hyperspectral structures observed across the array, an empirical model based on Fourier optics will be presented.
Detection of signals in noise

Noise is the unwanted energy that interferes with the ability of the receiver to detect the wanted signal. It may enter through the antenna along with the desired signal or it may be generated within the receiver itself. In underwater sonar systems, external acoustic noise is generated by waves and wind on the water surface, by biological agents (fish, prawns, etc.), and by man-made sources such as engine noise. In radar and lidar sensors the external electromagnetic noise is generated by various natural mechanisms such as the sun and lightning, among others. Man-made sources of electromagnetic noise are myriad, from car ignition systems and fluorescent lights to other broadcast signals. The deliberate transmission of noise in an attempt to mask a target echo or otherwise deceive a sensor is known as jamming.
Selection Criteria for Islamic Home Financing : A Case Study of Pakistan

The aim of this research is to examine the selection criteria of customers for Islamic home financing in the context of Pakistan and also examine these factors with respect to gender, age, income and occupation. This study uses a quantitative approach to investigate the choice criteria for Islamic home financing. All 18 independent variables are taken from previous researches and for analysis descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test and ANOVA was used. Data gathered from the customers of Islamic banking who uses the services of Islamic home financing. Sample size consists of 200 respondents. For the collection of data questionnaire technique was used and close ended questions asked by using 5 point likert scale. The questionnaire designed into two sections one section consists of demographic information and second section consists of selection criteria of Islamic home financing. For this study I selected meezan bank, bank islami, Alflah bank limited (Islamic banking) and Dubai Islamic bank. This study is beneficial for practioners in Pakistan by offering insight into choice criteria for Islamic home financing. This paper would be also beneficial for Islamic bank managers who are also policy makers they can study and plan for attractive schemes and policies for customers through which they can fulfill their needs and expectations. For the researcher, this study will also add the value to the existing body of knowledge by providing an investigation to the selection criteria for Islamic home financing. So far no study has been conducted of selection criteria of Islamic home financing in Pakistan. Study on this topic has never been conducted in the perspective of Pakistan, so this study initiates the choice criteria for Islamic home financing among Pakistani banks customers . This paper provides the useful information for both customers (in selecting Islamic bank) and bank managers to identify the factors to attract the customers. The limitation is based on sample area for the study which is confined to Lahore, Pakistan and due to limited sample size findings can not be generalized. Secondly for this study only four banks are in consideration.
Adaptation of Interspecific Mesoamerican Common Bean Lines to Acid Soils and High Temperature in the Amazon Region of Colombia

Knowledge of the physiological basis for improved genetic adaptation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) lines to acid soils and high temperature conditions in the Amazon region of Colombia is limited. In this study, we evaluated the differences among 41 common bean lines in energy use, leaf cooling, photosynthate partitioning to pod formation and grain filling, and grain yield over two seasons under acid soil and high temperature stress in the Amazon region of Colombia. Common bean lines evaluated included medium and large seeded interspecific lines of Mesoamerican and Andean gene pools with different levels of adaptation to abiotic stress conditions and some lines are improved for iron and zinc (biofortified) concentration in seeds. We found three bean lines (GGR 147, SMG 21 and SMG 12) that were superior in their photosynthetic response, leaf cooling, photosynthate partitioning ability to pod formation and grain filling, resulting in grain yields exceeding 1900 kg ha−1 under acid soil and high temperature stress conditions. The superior photosynthetic performance was attributed to the efficient use of absorbed energy on the electron level in thylakoids, which is mainly oriented to a higher quantum yield of PSII (ΦII), lower energy dissipation in the form of heat (ΦNPQ), high linear electron flow (LEF) and high fraction of PSI centers in open state (PSIopen). We speculate that these photosynthetic and photosynthate partitioning responses of superior bean lines are part of the genetic adaptation to acidic soils and high temperature stress conditions. Among the evaluated bean lines, three lines (GGR 147, SMG 21 and SMG 12) combined the desirable attributes for genetic improvement of stress tolerance and biofortification. These lines can serve as parents to further improve traits (energy use efficiency and multiple stress resistance) that are important for bean production in the Amazon region.