Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PERCEPCIÓN DEL IMPACTO DE LOS VIDEOJUEGOS EN LA DINÁMICA FAMILIAR

La familia es la primera responsable de la educación de los hijos y se apoya en el sistema de educación formal y no formal para lograr su desarrollo integral. En este sentido, los videojuegos surgieron para entretener, las otras funciones se generaron a partir de su evolución sostenida en el tiempo. Para entender el impacto que observa la familia en el uso de los videojuegos en su entorno, resulta de interés realizar el análisis a partir de algunas categorías como las cognitivas, sociales, emocionales y motivacionales. La investigación tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre los videojuegos y la percepción de su impacto en la dinámica familiar, tomando en cuenta la propagación e influencia de estas tecnologías interactivas. El objeto de estudio fue abordado desde el enfoque cualitativo a partir de la realización de entrevistas semiestructuradas. Entre las conclusiones fundamentales se consideró la reunión familiar para el entretenimiento a través de los videojuegos, la necesidad de socializar, el despertar de emociones relacionadas con la nostalgia que producen en los padres el uso de estas tecnologías interactivas, así como el aprendizaje en el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas como la toma de decisiones y la resolución de problemas.
Fifty thousand galaxies at a glance

Klaus Meisenheimer and Christian Wolf look forward to COMBO-17, a deep sky survey that should make it possible to bridge the gap between matter in the early universe and the pattern of galaxies that we see today. Abstract The COMBO-17 survey should significantly improve our understanding of galaxy evolution during the last 10 billion years in detail, given its multicolour method to determine redshifts and spectral types for 40 000 galaxies within more than a square degree of sky. In addition, mass determination in the supercluster A901/902 should give significant information about the total mass and distribution of dark matter in the universe. In particular, it should be possible to derive new results about the relative distribution of luminous and dark matter. We see this as a significant step in order to answer a decisive question of cosmology: how did the galaxies form from the density peaks in the early universe?
Weak measurements with non-integer orbital angular momentum states

Weak measurements typically require two non-orthogonal states, which are not eigenstates of an observable. This is why weak values of the orbital angular momentum operator seem counterintuitive or involve additional auxiliary observables, such as polarization. We show how the use of states emerging from spiral phase plates or holograms with fractional step height can be used to construct weak values of the orbital angular momentum operator.
Single-event upset sensitivity of latches in a 90nm dual and triple well CMOS technology

The sensitivity to Single Event Upset of latches designed in a 90nm dual and triple well CMOS technology has been measured irradiating a custom shift register with heavy ions. Latches designed with the NMOS transistors isolated from the substrate with a deep n-well (triple well) are only marginally less sensitive to SEUs, and only at high LET of the ions. The impact of lowering the voltage supply from 1.2 to 0.8V on the cross-section is limited to about 25%. Hits on the clock distribution network are observed and corrupt the data stored in multiple cells.
O-vacancy-mediated spin-spin interaction in Co-doped ZnO: First-principles total-energy calculations

The effects of O vacancy (VO) on the electronic and magnetic properties of Co-doped ZnO are examined through first-principles total-energy calculations. Our results suggest that due to the presence of VO, O 2p states are coupled with the Co 3d states. Co 3d empty minority states are broadened and move up towards the Fermi level. VO at metastable sites can induce the ferromagnetic (FM) coupling between nearest-neighbor (NN) Co ions, and the atoms around the FM-coupled NN Co ions are spin-polarized which leads to the long-ranged FM coupling between Co ions. Our results based on first-principles total-energy calculations give a possible explanation for the controversial magnetic properties of Co-doped ZnO reported in the literature.
Impact of Competition in Credit Rating Industry: Evidence From India

Credit rating agencies (CRAs) play an essential role in efficiently allocating capital in the financial system. However, several researchers have highlighted shortcomings of CRAs, leading to drastic consequences such as the 2008 financial crisis. The paper focuses on the competition among CRAs as one of the critical drivers of issues plaguing the credit rating industry. The paper uses quantitative and regression techniques to check the impact of competition on a firm’s credit rating. The paper utilizes firm-level financial and credit rating data from India. The paper uses dual ratings to check whether competition leads to rating inflation and shopping practices in the credit rating industry. The paper finds that CRA inflates a firm’s credit rating due to competition from other CRAs. Rating shopping is also evident in the credit rating industry, driven by competition between CRAs to gain new clients. The paper’s findings also indicate that increased competition for large-size firms business leads to CRAs showing leniency when rating such firms. The results raise the need for regulators to actively monitor and control the competition among CRAs to ensure the accuracy of credit ratings.
Pragmatic Aspects of Explanation

How can reasons explain actions? What is the force of "because" in "He did this because. " followed by a statement of the agent's intentions? The answer involves some concept of what can count as explanation, and the history of science indicates that the acceptability of explanations depends, in part, on a scientific community which has decided to pursue its inquiries in one direction rather than another. The first part of this paper examines this pragmatic aspect of explanations; the second part draws on this examination in the hope of elucidating the way reasons explain actions. The possibility of eliminating our ordinary, "purposive," explanations of actions in favor of some "mechanistic," neuro-physiological, account is then considered.
Investigation of noise sources in high-speed jets via correlation measurements

To locate noise sources in high-speed jets, the far-field sound pressure fluctuations $p^\prime $ were correlated with each of density $\rho $, axial velocity $u$, radial velocity $v$, $\rho uu$ and $\rho vv$ fluctuations measured from various points in jet plumes. Detailed surveys were conducted in fully expanded, unheated plumes of Mach 0.95, 1.4 and 1.8. The velocity and density fluctuations were measured simultaneously using a recently developed non-intrusive point measurement technique based on molecular Rayleigh scattering. The technique uses a continuous-wave narrow line-width laser, Fabry–Perot interferometer and photon counting electronics. Laser light scattered by air molecules from a 1.06 mm long region on the narrow beam was collected and spectrally resolved by the interferometer. It was observed that the fluctuation spectra for air density inside the plume were in general similar to those of axial velocity spectra, while the radial velocity spectra were somewhat different. For the correlation study, microphone polar angles were varied from 30$^\circ$ to 90$^\circ$ to the jet axis. The sound pressure fluctuations $p^\prime $ at the shallowest 30$^\circ$ angle provided the highest correlation with turbulent fluctuations. The correlations sharply decreased as the polar angle was increased to 60$^\circ$, beyond which all data mostly fell below the experimental noise floor. Among all turbulent fluctuations $\langle\rho uu; p^\prime\rangle$ correlations showed the highest values. Correlation with the first-order terms $\langle\rho ^\prime \bar{u} \bar{u}; p^\prime \rangle$, $\langle\skew3\bar\rho \bar{u}u^\prime; p^\prime\rangle$ and third-order terms $\langle\rho ^\prime u^\prime u^\prime ;p^\prime\rangle$ was higher than that from the second-order terms $\langle\skew3\bar\rho u^\prime u^\prime ;p^\prime \rangle$ and $\langle\bar u\rho ^\prime u^\prime ; p^\prime \rangle$. Both $\langle v^\prime ; p^\prime \rangle$ and $\langle\rho vv; p^\prime \rangle$ correlations with the 90$^\circ$ microphone signal fell below the experimental noise floor, while that from the shallow 30$^\circ$ microphone showed weaker values. By moving the laser probe to various locations in the jet, it was found that the strongest noise source lay downstream of the end of the potential core and extended many diameters beyond. Correlation measurements from turbulent fluctuations along the lip shear layer showed a Mach-number dependency: significant values were measured in supersonic jets, while correlations fell below the noise floor for subsonic jets. Various additional analyses showed that fluctuations from large coherent structures mostly contributed to the measured correlation, while that from small-scale structures fell below the noise floor.
One‐Dimensional Thermoelastic Response of Solids to Pulsed Energy Deposition

A one‐dimensional model for the thermoelastic response of materials exposed to pulsed energy deposition is presented. For the model presented, a generalized form of the Mie‐Gruneisen equation of state was used to develop a description of the free‐surface motion which includes the temperature dependence of the Gruneisen parameter Γ. This model was verified through free‐surface motion measurements of solids exposed to a pulsed electron beam, over a temperature region where Γ may be considered constant. The measured time‐dependent rear‐surface displacement and velocity histories for a single crystal of Al are compared with those quantities predicted by the one‐dimensional theory and found to agree very well. The measured thermoelastic response for Al, Ag, and Cu in both single and polycrystalline form, single crystals of Si, Ge, and InSb, and the polycrystalline alloy Kovar is presented in an equivalent form as a measurement of the Gruneisen parameter. The agreement between the measured Gruneisen parameters .
A Perceptual Color Edge Detection Algorithm

This paper proposes a novel perceptual model for edge detection for color image. First, edge-preserving Gaussian filter (EPGF) is presented to smooth the interior area and maintain the real edges. Then this paper combined CIE CAM02 and iCAM to predict the color appearance, which can make the color image more consistent with human eyes. Finally new color gradient enhancement and edge detection is implemented. The proposed method can detect the edge successfully, with less false edges.
Cloudification of Time-Sensitive Networking Reliability Functions: Challenges and Potential Solution Directions

The IEEE 802.1 Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) standards gained ground in various application areas due to delivering deterministic communication over low-cost Ethernet networks. Adopting the network function virtualization and cloud computing model in various TSN-based industries calls to make TSN cloud-ready and enable end-to-end deterministic communication, including edge clouds. When cloud-ready TSN functions are combined and/or integrated with 5G Ultra-Reliable Low Latency wireless capabilities and Time-Sensitive Communication components, unprecedented networking possibilities become available for various industries. Given that the cloudification of the TSN standards is a vast subject, this article focuses on the ultra-reliability and high availability provided by the IEEE 802.1 CB Frame Replication and Elimination for Reliability (FRER) standard. In this article, we identify the major FRER cloudification challenges and outline potential solution directions to ensure a cloud-friendly FRER implementation.
The lower main sequence and the nature of secondary stars in ultracompact binaries

The possible nature of the secondary stars in ultracompact binary stellar systems (with orbital periods of less than about 1 hr) are systematically investigated. Using a simplified stellar evolution code, which assumes isentropic stellar models, nearly 3000 separate models for hydrogen-burning main-sequence stars with masses less than 0.3 solar mass are generated. The effects of the (homogeneous) chemical composition on the properties of such stars and in, particular, on the minimum main-sequence mass are explored in detail. It is found that this minimum mass is a sensitive function of the hydrogen content and can be as small as 0.035 solar mass. The properties of fully degenerate low-mass stars, as well as low-mass stars that are not in thermal equilibrium are also studied. In particular, it is shown that the thermal time scale of such nonequilibrium stars may exceed 10 billion yr. The results also confirm the existence of a second branch of the main sequence and shed new light on the thermal instability of this branch. The available observational information on the three known ultracompact binary systems (4U 1626-67, G61-29, 4U 1916-05) is summarized, and the results of the stellar model calculations are combined with the empirical results to place constraints on the properties of the secondary stars.
Research on Five-Phase Flux-Intensifying Permanent Magnet Motor Drive System Based on New Active Sensorless Strategy

For the sensorless control system of the five-phase interior permanent magnet (IPM) motors, its saturation effect greatly affects the estimated accuracy of rotor position, which will not meet the requirement of multi-operating conditions for electric vehicles (EVs). To solve the saturation effect problem, a new active sensorless control strategy is proposed from the perspective of the motor drive system. Based on the analysis of the influence of the saturation effect on the rotor position observation, a five-phase flux-intensifying fault-tolerant IPM (FIFT-IPM) motor is proposed with the enhanced reverse saliency effect. Thus, the cross-coupling and parameter variation caused by the saturation effect can be suppressed. Furthermore, from the perspective of the control algorithm, a secondary harmonic suppression method based on adaptive-band filtering (ABF) is proposed to further improve the dynamic and steady-state performance of the five-phase FIFT-IPM motor drive system without position sensor control. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed strategy are verified by experimental results.
CT-guided brachytherapy of prostate cancer: reduction of effective dose from X-ray examination

Computed tomography (CT) is one of the most effective and informative diagnostic method. Though the number of CT scans among all radiographic procedures in the USA and European countries is 11% and 4% respectively, CT makes the highest contribution to the collective effective dose from all radiographic procedures, it is 67% in the USA and 40% in European countries [1-5]. Therefore it is necessary to understand the significance of dose value from CT imaging to a patient . Though CT dose from multiple scans and potential risk is of great concern in pediatric patients, this applies to adults as well. In this connection it is very important to develop optimal approaches to dose reduction and optimization of CT examination. International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) in its publications recommends radiologists to be aware that often CT image quality is higher than it is necessary for diagnostic confidence[6], and there is a potential to reduce the dose which patient gets from CT examination [7]. In recent years many procedures, such as minimally invasive surgery, biopsy, brachytherapy and different types of ablation are carried out under guidance of computed tomography [6;7], and during a procedures multiple CT scans focusing on a specific anatomic region are performed. At the Clinics of MRRC different types of treatment for patients with prostate cancer are used, incuding conformal CT-guided brachytherapy, implantation of microsources of I into the gland under guidance of spiral CT [8]. So, the purpose of the study is to choose optimal method to reduce radiation dose from CT during CT-guided prostate brachytherapy and to obtain the image of desired quality.
AN IDENTIFICATION OF THE FREQUENCIES AND AMPLITUDES OF THE TRIGONOMETRIC SERIES

Abstract. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for identifying ! j 2 (0 ;1 ), a j ;b j 2 C and N of the following trigonometric series f ( t ) = a 0 +∑ Nj =1 [ a j cos ! j t + b j sin ! j t ]by means of the nite number of sample values. We prove that the fre-quency components are shown to be the solutions of some characteristicequation related to the inverse of a Hankel matrix derived from the samplevalues. 1. IntroductionIn this paper we consider the problem of identifying ! j 2 (0 ;1 ), a j ;b j 2 Cand N of the following trigonometric series(1) f ( t ) = a 0 +∑ Nj =1 [ a j cos ! j t + b j sin ! j t ]by means of the nite number of values f ( t 1 ) ;:::;f ( t L ) where the number L of the values depends on N . In engineering, it is well known that a (sound) signal can be represented asa trigonometric series as in (1). The algorithm developed in this paper thuscan be applied to analyze the signals from the engineering point of view.The main idea of this paper is originated from the paper [1] and [2] by ElBadia and Ha-Duong. In those papers, the authors established an algebraicalgorithm to solve inverse source problems for elliptic equations in 2D and 3Dwhose source terms are assumed to be the combination of either monopolesor dipoles. Applying the concept of the
Adjustable nitrogen-vacancy induced magnetism in AlN

Nitrogen-vacancy-induced magnetism in AlN is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. First-principles calculations reveal that magnetic coupling between the vacancy-induced moments varies with the vacancy concentration. A sizable ferromagnetic coupling for nitrogen vacancies is found. Experimentally, the magnetism manipulation is realized accordingly by introducing vacancies through varying the nitrogen atmosphere in AlN whiskers. The vacancy control may be applicable to other III-V nitride semiconductors in tuning their magnetism.
IRAS Observations of the Rho Ophiuchi Infrared Cluster: Spectral Energy Distributions and Luminosity Function

Des donnees IRAS couplees avec de nouvelles observations dans le proche-IR sont analysees pour une aire de 4,3 pc 2 comprenant le nuage central de formation stellaire du complexe moleculaire Ophiuchus. Un total de 78 objets Stellaires Jeunes sont maintenant etablis comme membres de cet amas. Les distributions d'energie spectrale sont construites et les luminosites bolometriques estimees pour la majorite de ces sources. Chaque distribution d'energie est classifiee selon le schema de Lada C. J. et Wilking B.A. (1984, Ap. J., 287) en utilisant l'indice spectral dans l'intervalle 2,2-25 μm. Une analyse suggere que l'efficacite elevee de la formation stellaire dans le noyau du nuage est le resultat d'un sursaut efficace de l'activite de la formation stellaire qui s'est deroule sur les derniers millions d'annees. La fonction de luminosite de l'amas est egalement construite et discutee dans le contexte de l'evolution stellaire
Dynamical Behaviors of Timoshenko Beam with Fractional Derivative Constitutive Relation

The equations of motion governing the dynamical behavior of nonlinear viscoelastic Timoshenko beam with finite deformation are established and they are simplified by the Galerkin method. The viscoelastic material is assumed to obey the fractional derivative constitutive relation. The influence of the load and the fractional derivative parameters on the deflection is investigated respectively. With the increasing of the load parameter, the motion states of the system are changed from periodic motion with period 1 to complex motions, such as mult-periodicity, quasi-periodicity or chaos. With the increasing of the material parameter, namely the damping of the viscoelastic material is adding, the motions of the systems are changed from muti-periodicity, quasi-periodicity or chaos to one-periodicity. So the increasing of the damping of the viscoelastic material benefits the stability of the structures. The numerical methods of nonlinear dynamics, such as time-history curve, phase diagram, Poincare section and power spectrum, are synthetically applied to reveal plenty of dynamical properties of nonlinear viscoelastic Timoshenko beam. K e y w o r d s : viscoelastic Timoshenko beam; fractional derivative constitutive relation; nonlinear dynamical system, bifurcation.
Theory of Speech masking by reverberation

A general statistical theory is developed for the masking effect of reverberation on the intelligibility of words. Speech is considered a series of discrete pulses distributed statistically over a 30‐db range in sound pressure level in a given frequency band. The articulation index is calculated as a function of reverberation time, using preliminary values of speech pulse lengths and spacings obtained from Visible Speech spectrograms. The percent articulation for words is then calculated from the articulation index and is compared with Knudsen's experimental values. The theoretical values agree precisely with the measured values at reverberation times less than two seconds and differ by less than 17 percent out to six seconds. The calculations are extended to include a combination of background noise and reverberation.
Toward Multicamera Systems for Minimally Invasive Surgery

Nowadays, many surgical operations for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases are performed using minimally invasive techniques. This trend has increased the demand for ergonomic medical devices to help surgeons safely execute medical practices by enhancing their experience, thus improving surgical outcomes. In this context, one of the most important challenges of minimally invasive surgery is the narrow field of view: Surgeons can only see the instrument's tip movement on a 2-D screen and cannot monitor the adjacent anatomical areas in three dimensions as in traditional open surgery. Hence, perforation of healthy tissues or undesired brushing may occur. To cope with these problems, we propose a novel surgical instrument, which embeds multiple fisheye cameras, accompanied by an image processing algorithm to visualize the adjacent area from different angles. This will allow surgeons to have a broader view around the instrument itself, hence preventing injuries caused by contact between the instrument body and the surrounding anatomical areas. The proposed system is versatile: It can be used for different surgical operations, and it can also be adapted for other applications dealing with narrow space exploration requiring a broad view.