Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Zinc in Rice-Wheat Irrigated Ecosystem

Zinc has received a great deal of importance in crop production especially in a rice-wheat cropping system during the last few years, because of the report of widespread occurrence of its deficiency from different parts of the country limiting crop production. Significant response of rice-wheat to Zn fertilization has also been reported by different investigators from almost all the parts of India. The main reasons for the occurrence of Zn deficiency is the adoption of intensive cropping programme with high yielding varieties and modern agro techniques like use of high analysis chemical fertilizers, use of pesticides with the simultaneous very limited use of on-farm inputs like organic manures, crop residues etc. Zinc is one of the important essential micronutrients for plants. The problem seems to be more acute for ricewheat as around half of the total rice-wheat area found to be severely affected by Zn deficiency. Zinc plays an important role in different plant metabolism processes like development of cell wall, respiration, photosynthesis, enzyme activity, auxin and protein synthesis, and other bio-chemical functions etc. amongst all the micronutrients Zn deficiency continues to be one of the key factors in determining the crop production in India and other countries of the World. Various factors associated with Zn deficiency are acid sandy soils low in total zinc, neutral or alkaline soils having higher amount of fine clay, silt and available phosphorus, organic soils etc. Intensive cultivation and growing of exhaustive crops have made the soil deficient in macro as well as in micronutrients. Now a day the use of only nitrogenous and phosphatic fertilizers also create nutrient imbalances particularly of Zn in soils. Although the requirement of micronutrients is very low, its effect on crop yield is, however, very significant. The favourable rice-wheat environment is found mainly in the western part of the rice-wheat belt, where wheat is the dominant crop in Pakistan, the northwestern Indian states of Punjab and Haryana, and western Uttar Pradesh. The less favourable rice-wheat environment occurs in the eastern part of the Indo-Gangetic belt, where rice is the dominant crop in Bangladesh, West Bengal, the northern parts of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh and the Terai region of Nepal. Geographically, the favourable rice-wheat environments in the Indo-Gangetic plains are located in the western part, where winter environmental conditions are suited for wheat, irrigation infra structure is good, marketing facilities are available, and both rice and wheat yields are high. The less favourable rice-wheat environments occur in the eastern part and are associated with partially irrigated and rain fed systems, and a shorter growing period for wheat. More detailed agroclimatic analysis would provide an in-depth understanding of the environmental constraints (e.g. Draught stress and flood proneness) for geographical targeting of varietal and crop management strategies in both the favourable and less favourable rice-wheat environments.
Effect of Seasons on Sequestered Organic Carbon Pool in the Soils under different Land uses of Jhilmil Jheel Wetland, Haridwar-Uttrakhand, India

Jhilmil Jheel is a saucer shape wetland and is one of the most important wetland of Haridwar district (Uttrakhand, India) and also happens to be a conservation reserve for swamp deer (Cervus duvauceli duvauceli) declared in 2005. Consequently highly fragmented sections of swamp deer habitat remain few and far between, and Jhilmil Jheel happens to be the last refugee for this magnificent and highly endangered species. Wetlands are considered one of the highly productive ecosystems in the world and provide a potential sink for the atmospheric carbon. Therefore, a study was conducted to estimate the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool in Jhilmil Jheel wetland under different land uses i.e., grassland, plantation and natural forest in different seasons i.e., autumn, winter, spring and summer. The results revealed that in autumn season, SOC pool in grassland was maximum (81.38 t ha -1 ) followed by natural forest (76.85 t ha -1 ) and the least was in plantation (55.95 t ha -1 ), in winter season, the SOC pool in natural forest was
The Short-Term Influence of the Mount St. Helens Volcanic Eruption on Surface Temperature in the Northwest United States

Abstract The surface temperature effects of the 18 May 1980 eruption of the Mount St. Helens volcano were examined for the two days immediately following the eruption. The volcanic signal was investigated by examining regional maps of surface temperature, 24 h surface temperature differences and Model Output Statistics (MOS) errors, as well as the detailed temporal evolution of surface temperature and MOS errors at selected stations. The analysis was simplified by the presence of a large anticyclone which dominated the synoptic situation both before and after the eruption. During the daytime hours immediately after the eruption; temperatures in eastern Washington State were up to 8°C colder because of the volcanic plume. That night, because of low-level volcanic dust, temperatures were up to 8°C warmer in Idaho and Montana. These effects, caused by large aerosols in the troposphere, quickly diminished the following day as the volcanic dust cloud dissipated and moved toward the east. This is believed to be.
Real-world treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer: results of KINDLE-Egypt cohort

Background: Stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being highly heterogeneous requires multimodal therapeutic strategies for optimal management. We present findings on treatment patterns and their associated survival outcomes in patients with stage III NSCLC from the Egypt subset of the KINDLE global real-world study conducted across countries from Asia, Middle East, Africa, and Latin America. Method: Retrospective data from the Egypt subset (21 centers) of adult patients diagnosed with stage III NSCLC between January 2013 and December 2017 were analyzed. Descriptive and inferential statistics summarized treatment modalities, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Results: Of 421 patients enrolled (median age: 59.0 years), 77.9% were males, 53.5% had stage IIIA disease, 60.8% had adenocarcinoma, 78.4% had an unresectable disease, and 81.5% had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ⩽1. Overall, chemotherapy alone (40.4%) was predominantly used in the initial line, whereas definite radiotherapy was used in only 5.0% of patients. In resectable patients, chemotherapy plus surgery (33.8%), surgery alone (20.6%), or other surgery (20.6%) were the top three modalities used in initial line of treatment. Chemotherapy alone was most preferred (48.8%) in unresectable patients, followed by sequential chemoradiotherapy (CRT) (17.6%) and concurrent CRT (9.3%). The overall median PFS was 10.3 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 9.43–12.02], whereas the median OS was 18.5 months (95% CI, 16.46–21.88). Overall, female gender, adenocarcinoma histology, and radical therapy as surgery or CRT predicted significantly longer OS (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: KINDLE-Egypt cohort revealed wide heterogeneities in the treatment patterns of stage III NSCLC. Although deemed resectable, few patients did not undergo surgery, probably due to high smoking rates leading to poor lung function. Lower survival outcomes than other published real-world studies highlight the need for timely approval and availability of novel targeted and immunotherapies to enhance patient outcomes. Trial registration: NCT03725475
Gramicidin, a Bactericidal Antibiotic, Is an Antiproliferative Agent for Ovarian Cancer Cells

Background and Objectives: Gramicidin, a bactericidal antibiotic used in dermatology and ophthalmology, has recently garnered attention for its inhibitory actions against cancer cell growth. However, the effects of gramicidin on ovarian cancer cells and the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. We aimed to elucidate the anticancer efficacy of gramicidin against ovarian cancer cells. Materials and Methods: The anticancer effect of gramicidin was investigated through an in vitro experiment. We analyzed cell proliferation, DNA fragmentation, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells using WST-1 assay, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick and labeling (TUNEL), DNA agarose gel electrophoresis, flow cytometry and western blot. Results: Gramicidin treatment induces dose- and time-dependent decreases in OVCAR8, SKOV3, and A2780 ovarian cancer cell proliferation. TUNEL assay and DNA agarose gel electrophoresis showed that gramicidin caused DNA fragmentation in ovarian cancer cells. Flow cytometry demonstrated that gramicidin induced cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, we confirmed via Western blot that gramicidin triggered apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Conclusions: Our results strongly suggest that gramicidin exerts its inhibitory effect on cancer cell growth by triggering apoptosis. Conclusively, this study provides new insights into the previously unexplored anticancer properties of gramicidin against ovarian cancer cells.
Preserving Local Fishing Ecosystems: Imperatives for Policy Making Based on Views from the Bottom of the Pyramid

Indian fisheries sector has emerged as an important driver of food production providing nutritional security, besides livelihood support and gainful employment to more than 14.5 million people. The current paper discusses aquaculture in the context of fish ecosystem with regard to freshwater fish cultivation in tanks, ponds and similar water bodies existing in rural India. The issues discussed here are based on the author’s hands-on experience and insights while working on a livelihoods project in Lakhanpur Block of Jharsuguda District in Odisha supported by Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programme of Odisha Power Generation Corporation (OPGC) Ltd. The paper augues that in the context of fishing in rural/ village areas, a vast scope is available for safeguarding fishers’ fundamental interests like steady basic income, food security and nutrition through promotion of fishing projects focusing on sustainable market-linked business models by bringing people together under a strong collective like a Producer Company. The Producer Company (PC) business model has been promoted to encourage the concept of collectivity in conducting business so that marginal and small primary producers can come together to form a larger group to command competitive advantage in the market and sell their products at a price that is profitable which is not possible for individual small village based fishers to achieve. This is where they regularly lose the incremental part of income every day and end up earning less throughout their productive life cycle. Multi-National Corporations (MNCs) operating along this value chain would be willing to form long-term partnerships with PCs in order to leverage the huge untapped business generation potential available at the BOP (village and local levels). In other words, economies of scale can be unlocked and livelihoods of fishermen can be improved significantly every month. Producer Companies offer greater credibility in the market than unregistered producers’ organizations. Hence, it would be a win-win proposition for MNCs to pitch in with required support mechanisms and generate sustainable spaces for conducting ethical businesses.
New Application of cycloSaligenyl Prodrugs Approach for the Delivery of Fosfoxacin Derivatives in Mycobacteria

In this work, we implemented for the first time the cycloSaligenyl prodrug strategy to increase the bioavailability of fosmidomycin phosphate analogs in bacteria. Here, we report the synthesis of 34 cycloSaligenyl prodrugs of fosfoxacin and its derivatives. Among them, fifteen double prodrugs efficiently prevented the growth of the non-pathogenic, fast-growing Mycobacterium smegmatis.
Diversified Sustainable Income Generation Options For Rural Women in Odisha

Rural prosperity and women empowerment are the two sides of a coin. Promoting aquaculture and related enterprises among women holds immense potential for ensuring their livelihood and socio- economic empowerment. A study was undertaken in three villages namely Jaipur, Fakirpada and Paribasudeipur of Puri and Khordha districts of Odisha during the period 2012-13 to 2015-16. A random sample of 161 women from 10 Women Self-Help Groups (WSHGs) were selected as beneficiaries for disseminating ICAR-CIFA’s aquaculture technologies like carp seed rearing, carp culture (grow out), integrated fish farming, post-harvest technologies with value addition of fish and fish hydrolysate. The women were empowered with skill development in aquaculture and related enterprises. Due to frequent occurrence of natural calamities and environmental hazards, the women are forced to diversify their group activities in order to sustain their livelihoods. In the study area, women SHGs were encouraged to diversify their activities to mushroom cultivation, rice and vegetable cultivation, floriculture, mini-dairy, backyard poultry, mid-day meal preparation, coir work, etc. in order to strengthen their livelihood in a sustainable way. On the whole, the present paper explores different pathways for rural women to avail various opportunities in terms of multiple diversifications as Sustainable Livelihood (SL) options based on available natural resources, financial and human capital. Socio-economic impact of such changes on the beneficiaries was assessed and emerging issues were identified.
CARACTERÍSTICAS BIBLIOMÉTRICAS E SOCIOMÉTRICAS DE PUBLICAÇÕES DA ÁREA AMBIENTAL EM CONGRESSOS E PERÍODICOS NACIONAIS BIBLIOMETRIC AND SOCIOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS IN PUBLICATIONS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL AREA IN CONFERENCES AND NATIONAL JOURNALS

The goal of this study is to examine sociometric and bibliometric characteristics in publications of the environmental area in the USP Congress of Controlling and Accounting, EnANPAD and in journals of Administration and Accounting in the period from 2000 to 2010. A descriptive research with quantitative approach was carried out through desk research. The results of the bibliometric survey highlighted that: i) the volume of publications on the topic in the EnANPAD increased significantly during the analyzed period; ii) the journals O & S, RAE, RAUSP and REAd present upward trend in the amount of publications on the subject; iii ) regarding the methodological procedures, the USP Congress and the EnANPAD prioritized case studies and survey and the journals the theoretical studies, but the qualitative approach prevailed in all of them; iv) among the categories of the environmental issues, the Environmental Management and the development in the publications on Environmental Disclosure prevailed. The results of the sociometric research show that the structural configuration of relationships of the authors prevails in the congresses and there are some authors who have ties of publications with authors from other journals. It is concluded that the bibliometric and sociometric characteristics of the publications of the environmental area signal that the subject remains in evidence and that the structural configuration of the relationships of the authors has gaps mainly in the journals studied.
Detailed Modeling and Evaluation of the Potential Impact of Blue Jet on the Atmospheric Chemistry

To evaluate the impact of a blue jet (BJ) discharge on the chemical system in the whole stratosphere as a function of altitude, we developed a detailed ion‐neutral chemistry model. The BJ discharge is formed as a streamer discharge up to 50 km with a leader part up to 28 km associated with high‐temperature chemistry. The simulations are performed in a 2‐day duration to investigate diurnal variations of chemical perturbations at the altitudes of every 2 km from 20 to 50 km. The specific chemistry processes during the leader (considering the molecular diffusion) and streamer discharges react with the whole stratospheric chemical families (oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine, and bromine). We systematically compare the simulations with and without the BJ discharge. The results obtained during the first 100 s indicate the ozone enhanced in the middle stratosphere, while no obvious change in the lower and close to the top of the stratosphere. After 2 days, simulations show that the entire neutral chemical stratospheric system is modified with the enhancement of nitrogen oxides, chlorine, and bromine reservoirs. As a consequence, ozone depletion appears in the middle and upper stratosphere due to the catalytic cycle associated with reactive NOx (=NO + NO2). Each chemical family results in a new equilibrium, and the ozone layer appears to be “shifted” to a lower altitude with its maximum less abundance. Due to the long lifetimes of the chlorine and bromine reservoirs in the stratosphere, the chemical perturbations caused by the BJ discharge at all studied altitudes are maintained.
Electroacupuncture ameliorates AOM/DSS-induced mice colorectal cancer by inhibiting inflammation and promoting autophagy via the SIRT1/miR-215/Atg14 axis

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common tumors of the digestive tract, with the third-highest incidence and the second-highest mortality rate among all malignant tumors worldwide. However, treatment options for CRC remain limited. As a complementary therapy, acupuncture or electro-acupuncture (EA) has been widely applied in the treatment of various inflammation-related diseases, such as obesity, ulcerative colitis and tumors. Although numerous pre-clinical and clinical studies have investigated the beneficial effects of acupuncture on CRC, the mechanism underlying the therapeutic action of EA is largely unknown. Evidence from previous studies has revealed that SIRT1 participates in CRC progression by activating autophagy-related miRNAs. Using azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium- (AOM/DSS-) induced colorectal cancer model in mice, we explored whether EA treatment can inhibit inflammation and promote autophagy via the SIRT1/miR-215/Atg14 axis. Our results showed that EA notably alleviated the CRC in mice, by decreasing the tumor number and DAI scores, inflammation, and increasing body weight of mice. Besides, EA increased the expression of SIRT1 and autophagy. Further experiments showed that SIRT1 overexpression downregulated miR-215, and promoted the expression of Atg14, whereas SIRT1 knockdown induced opposite results. In conclusion, EA can ameliorate AOM/DSS-induced CRC through regulating the SIRT1-mediated miR-215/Atg14 axis by suppressing inflammation and promoting autophagy in mice. These findings reveal a potential molecular mechanism underlying the anti-CRC effect of EA indicating that EA is a promising therapeutic candidate for CRC.
Preventing Healthcare-Associated Infections: Hand Disinfection Monitoring Using an Automated System in an Italian Neurological Hospital

Hand hygiene plays a pivotal role in preventing Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs). Nevertheless, the quality of hand disinfection techniques remains suboptimal, and the reliability of assessment methodologies is notably lacking. This study aimed to evaluate hand disinfection techniques using an automated system in an Italian research hospital. Hospital employees underwent automated hand-disinfection technique assessment, according to the World Health Organization’s six-step protocol, at a basal time and two further times. Detection was carried out with a scanner that evaluated the effective hand disinfectant coverage through a fluorescent dye present in the hydro-alcoholic gel rub. The hand-hygiene technique of 222 employees was analyzed by HandInScan®. At the initial assessment of hand coverage with the hydro-alcoholic gel, the mean palm coverage was 82.2%, mean back coverage was 66.8%, and overall mean hand coverage was 74.5%. Then, two measurements were performed in June (t1) and December 2022 (t2). The third measurement showed an increase in hand coverage, with a mean palm coverage of 97.2%, a mean back coverage of 91.8%, and a mean hand coverage of 94.5% (p < 0.05). Moreover, the mean coverage of the hand-back was lower than that of the hand-palm at all times (p < 0.001). The automated scanner provided evidence supporting its effectiveness in enhancing hand hygiene among hospital employees. These findings have motivated researchers to conduct long-term studies, given the potential effects on HAI prevention—including their impact on HAI trends.
Seismic imaging of volcanic hydrothermal iron-sulfur deposits and its hosting structure in Luzong ore district

High resolution seismic reflection method has the incomparable advantages over other methods in detecting depth and resolution.In order to test the effectiveness of this method in detecting deep stratiform-like deposit and ore-controlling structure,the author had collected two 10km long high-resolution reflection seismic profiles in Luohe-Nihe-Dabaozhuang mining area of Lu-Zong(Lujiang-Zongyang)ore district in Anhui Province in 2008.Although the structure of mining area is more complex,the migrated section has still showed many reflections which tallies with the geology.Cretaceous sedimentary basin(Cretaceous red basin)is showed a clear three-layer structure which indicate the stage changes in depositional environment under the extensional tectonics since Cretaceous.The reflections beneath the basin are more likely due to the clastic sediments of Late Jurassic,or the Carbonate sediments of Middle Triassic,and there may not exist the other half of the Lu-Zong volcanic terrane under the red basin.The volcanic strata also approximately presents three-layer structures,the thickness of the volcanic sedimentary strata(ShuangMiao Formation,ZhuanQiao Formation)is 800 to 1000 meters,there is obvious a "dome-shaped"reflection under the volcanic sedimentary rock,it is may be an intrusive related uplift.Compared with the finely builted deposit geological section,we can discover that Luohe and Nihe ore body have showed clear reflections,that initially confirmed the high resolution seismic reflection method can be directly used to detect the ore body,but when the ore body is steep and sloping,complex configuration and smaller size,it can not produce recognizable reflection.The test results show that high resolution seismic reflection method can be used to detect deep ore-controlling structure,even stratiform-like deposit in suitable conditions.