Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Desain Kontrol Aliran Daya PLTS Mandiri Menggunakan Mekanisme Penyimpanan Energi Water Pump Energy Storage

Photovoltaic (PV) menjadi pembangkit listrik dengan sumber energi terbarukan yang paling banyak digunakan karena biaya perawatan yang murah. Karakteristik yang dimiliki oleh pembangkit listrik ini ialah fluktuasi daya yang dihasilkan karena bergantung pada intensitas cahaya matahari. Solusi untuk mengatasi hal tersebut adalah dengan menambahkan penyimpan energi (energy storage) ke dalam sistem pembangkit ini agar kebutuhan daya yang dikirim ke beban dapat dijaga. Energy storage yang biasa digunakan adalah baterai karena mudah dalam pemasangannya. Namun, kandungan baterai seperti timah dan bahan kimia menjadi sebuah kekurangan bagi lingkungan. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, maka dipilih penyimpanan energi dengan media energi air (Water Storage) karena sifatnya yang ramah lingkungan serta memiliki kapasitas lebih besar dari baterai. Prinsip kerja dari sistem ini adalah dengan menyimpan daya berlebih yang dihasilkan PV dalam bentuk energi air dan menyalurkan menjadi daya listrik ke beban. Namun, daya listrik yang mengalir ke beban tersebut belum memiliki tegangan dengan sesuai regulasi beban. Pada penelitian ini akan dirancang sebuah kontrol aliran daya pada sistem water pumped storage sehingga sistem ini dapat memberikan daya yang memiliki tegangan sesuai regulasi beban. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan adanya controller aliran daya, daya yang memiliki tegangan sesuai dengan regulasi beban yaitu 220 Volt/ 50 Hz dapat disalurkan secara konstan meskipun kebutuhan daya beban bervariasi. Mekanisme kontrol ini juga dapat menciptakan keseimbangan daya pada sistem.
A Machine Learning Approach to Monitoring the UHI From GNSS Data

The urban heat island (UHI) effect has been widely studied because of its impacts on the environment and human’s wellbeing. The surface UHI (SUHI) is typically monitored with remote sensing products, whereas the air UHI (AUHI) is typically monitored using temperature sensor networks. The first technique requires clear days to obtain good images, and the latter is limited by the number of weather stations in an urban and rural area. An alternative to monitor the AUHI is the usage of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) data which is available in all weather conditions and there are well-developed GNSS receiver networks around the world. In this article, we propose a machine learning (ML) approach to estimating the air temperature from GNSS data to take advantage of the quantity of data. By training a support vector regressor with three datasets, GNSS-derived zenith tropospheric delay (ZTD), temperature, and day-of-the year, we can estimate temperature from GNSS data without the need for other environmental variables. The regressor presented in this article is trained with data from 2016 to 2019 and tested with data from 2020 in five Japanese metropolitan areas. The results show that it is possible to predict temperature from only the ZTD of GNSS signals with high precision, as an $R^{2}$ between 0.82 and 0.90 is found for the predictions. Predicted temperatures are then used to study the diurnal cycle of the AUHI in Sapporo, Tokyo, Nagoya, Osaka–Kyoto, and Fukuoka with an average precision of 0.8 °C.
Exploring Technology: An Aid to the Physical Training Teacher Education

The dominance of technology is a universal phenomenon, and like every other aspect of life, education could not spare itself from its influence. The opportunities being offered by the modern technologies incorporated in physical education can produce remarkable outcomes. This study offers an exploration into the potential use of technology as an aid in physical education. It reflects the practical prospects that new technology offers and the ways it can be applied to improve the learning process in physical education classrooms. Teachers can take help from digital technologies for better engagement of the students. For this purpose, teachers can first adapt to the technology by different formal and informal learning sources like seminar, conferences, training program, self-education and peer group discussions. To avoid technology being a source of distraction, a well-designed and practically controlled system of technology needs to be introduced into the classroom. The overall understanding of the students can be improved by using technological aids.
Phosphorus Doped Carbon Nitride Nanotubes by Sequential Cation-Exchanging Reaction with Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

In this work, a novel and facile sequential cation-exchanging strategy was developed to synthesize phosphorus doped g-C3N4 nanotubes, and resulted nanotubes were composed of small nanorods with length of several hundred nanometers by oriented aggregation. As obtained products exhibit greatly enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution with rate of 4.59 mmol h-1 g-1, which is 16 times higher than that of the bulk g-C3N4 under visible light irradiation. Mechanism investigation reveals that the superior photocatalytic property could be attributed to its improved visible light absorbance, well suppressed charges recombination and nanostructural construction.
Understanding Matters of the Mind in Obesity

Obesity is a growing global concern, and Singapore is not spared from the global epidemic. Apart from the increased risk for many serious diseases and health conditions, obese individuals are vulnerable to many psychological comorbidities. Obesity management through lifestyle changes can be limited by various barriers, increasing the challenge of implementation and leaving some clinicians feeling frustrated and stressed. The paper examines the barriers identified in the literature, discusses the use of cognitive behavioural concepts and techniques to facilitate the lifestyle change process and explores the use of motivation and readiness to change to guide the clinician’s strategies.
Two-Stage Hybrid Isolated DC–DC Boost Converter for High Power and Wide Input Voltage Range Applications

A two-stage hybrid isolated dc–dc boost converter for high power and wide input voltage range applications is proposed. It can be used as a front-end dc–dc converter that can boost variable low voltage from a power source [battery (home/industrial inverter/industrial UPS application), fuel-cell or solar-PV] and interface it to a high-voltage dc-ink, which typically feeds an inverter. A detailed comparison among the different family of converter topologies for isolated dc–dc boost application is carried out that can prove to be useful for power electronics engineers to choose the correct topology for a given input voltage range. The quantitative comparison takes into account the power device utilization, transformer utilization, capacitance utilization, and inductive energy requirement. Based on the comparison, it is shown that with input voltage variation greater than ±20%, two-stage hybrid isolated dc–dc boost converter is superior compared to other family of converters. Design details for the two-stage converter are provided. The converter is developed and tested for a 5 KW inverter application with an input dc voltage range of 90–170 V and output ac voltage of 230 V. Theoretical analysis for loss calculations is also provided which closely matches the experimental results.
The Influence and Interplay of Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Type on Early Childhood Educators’ Organizational Commitment

The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of emotional intelligence on the organizational commitment of early childhood educators. Organizational commitment and its precursor, job satisfaction, have gained relevance because of routinely high industry of turnover. The interplay among educators’ job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and supervisors’ leadership type were secondarily assessed. A valid and reliable survey was administered to educators in the southeastern United States. Although select dimensions were correlated, no significant relationship was found between educators’ overall emotional intelligence and organizational commitment. However, emotional intelligence was moderately correlated with job satisfaction. There was no significant relationship found between supervisors’ leadership traits and processes and educators’ organizational commitment, although educators’ job satisfaction and supervisors’ leadership traits and processes were slightly correlated. Based on positive associations within the current study, it is recommended that organizations incorporate emotional intelligence assessment into the educator hiring process as well as determine the job satisfaction and organizational commitment levels and leadership type preferences of current educators as a basis for forming training budgets, retention strategies, and succession management plans.
OPEN-CIRCUIT FAULT TOLERANCE OF MULTIPHASE GENERATOR RECTIFIER SYSTEMS

Generator rectifier systems are widely used in transport applications to provide a DC power source. Multiphase generators are attracting interest in the marine and aircraft sectors for medium voltage operation (above 1kV) with fault-tolerant capability. Fault tolerance is enhanced by using a split phase arrangement, where the windings are grouped into submachines, each with its own rectifier that can be interconnected in series or parallel to create the output voltage. This paper uses a 15-phase example, configurable as three 5-phase or five 3-phase submachines, to investigate fault tolerance. The results allow previous work on 12-phase machines to be generalised for any number of phases. In addition, series stacking is shown to maintain DC current whereas parallel stacking maintains the DC voltage. The removal of an entire submachine is shown to be more effective than operating with an unbalanced system due to a single open-circuit coil or diode.
Measuring of China’s Provincial Carbon Abatement Cost and its Spatial Distribution Pattern

Based on the panel data in Chinese provinces from 2000 to 2017, this paper first uses the parameterized quadratic function of the directional distance function to estimate carbon abatement costs of 30 provinces in China, and further studies its long-term evolutionary characteristics. Second, this paper studies the spatial distribution pattern of carbon abatement cost. The results show that the carbon abatement cost has increased as a whole during the study period. Moreover, the spatial distribution of carbon abatement costs in China shows a geographical clustering feature, and the positive spatial agglomeration is significant after 2008.
STATE OF ENERGY ESTIMATION IN ELECTRIC PROPULSION SYSTEMS WITH LITHIUM-SULFUR BATTERIES

Lithium-Sulfur (Li-S) batteries are an emerging and appealing electrical energy storage technology. The literature on the State-of-charge (SoC) estimation of Li-S is readily available. In real-world, battery operated vehicles and equipment need to monitor the electrical energy. This paper focuses on State-of-Eneergy (SoE) estimation of Li-S battery based electric propulsion system. This paper bridges literature gap of the SoE estimation of Li-S battery. While comparing mathematically, the definition of the SoC and SoE batteries are different. Reviewing the SoC estimation, this paper compares the SoC and SoE estimation for same data set. The challenges in Li-S SoC and SoE estimation include battery modelling and time-varying parameters and nonlinear voltage measurement, which has deeply skewed high-plateau and flatted low-plateau characteristics. Modelling Li-S battery as a Thevenins equivalent circuit network (ECN), the battery parameters are estimated using Predict Error Minimization (PEM) approach. For estimate SoC and SoE, the extended Kalman filter (EKF) is used. Since the parameters are high sensitive to battery current, the estimators use parameters obtained by polynomial fitting model. A simple switching logic based on SoC-measurement voltage is used to join the high- and low-plateau. The degree of observability analysis is used to investigate the performance of SoE estimation by the EKF. Using experiment test data, simulation results demonstrate the performance of both SoC and SoE estimators. Results show that the SoE estimation is as close to the SoC estimation.
The equation of state of wadsleyite solid solutions: Constraining the effects of anisotropy and crystal chemistry

Abstract A quantitative knowledge of the equation of state of wadsleyite solid solutions is needed to refine thermodynamic and thermoelastic models for the transition zone in Earth’s upper mantle. Here we present the results of high-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments on two crystals of slightly hydrous iron-bearing wadsleyite with Fe/(Mg+Fe) = 0.112(2), Fe3+/ΣFe = 0.15(3), and 0.24(2) wt% H2O up to 20 GPa. By compressing two wadsleyite crystal sections inside the same diamond-anvil cell, we find a negligible influence of crystal orientation on the derived equation of state parameters. Volume and linear compression curves were analyzed with finite strain theory to demonstrate their mutual consistency for the Reuss bound indicating quasi-hydrostatic stress conditions. The results on the here-studied wadsleyite crystals are incorporated into a multi-end-member model to describe the equation of state for wadsleyite solid solutions in the system Mg2SiO4-Fe2SiO4-MgH2SiO4-Fe3O4. For the hypothetical ferrous wadsleyite end-member, Fe2SiO4, we find a substantially larger bulk modulus than expected by extrapolating currently accepted trends. The multi-end-member equation of state model may serve as a basis for the calculation of phase equilibria and the interpretation of seismic observations regarding the transition zone.
Crying and sadness after sexual intercourse: a qualitative study of postcoital dysphoria

A phenomenon of postcoital dysphoria is the experience of negative affect after sexual intercourse, specifically speaking: tearfulness, a sense of melancholy or depression, anxiety, or aggression, which is hard to control or minimalize. The causes of this phenomenon are unknown. This article presents a content analysis of personal descriptions published on online forums from women suffering from postcoital dysphoria. The aims of the study are to determine the problem of this phenomenon in personal experiences, to exhibit if psychological description coincides with women’s descriptions, and to check how often women write on forums about their problem. The study was qualitative research: the content analysis of posts appearing on online forums. The study included six online forums related to mental health, relationship, and sexuality. All descriptions have been divided into three groups connected with emotions, behavior, and partner’s response. Due to the qualitative research, the most popular PCD symptoms are: crying and sobbing what might result from both positive and negative emotions. Based-on theory description of PCD symptoms does not coincide with personal experiences. Furthermore, the partner’s response is relevant for understanding and coping with sexual difficulties symptoms. The postcoital dysphoria causes remain multifactorial.
Digital Twins for Education and Study of Engineering Sciences

Generally a digital twin is a software-model as a prototype for some product, ordered by a customer. It shell be used on all stages of industrial production of this ordered product, compering the actual state with the model und correcting the differences. A “virtual world” will be created from the “real word” and both “worlds” communicate with each other during production. At the educational institutions of engineering like universities, trainings centres or schools the digital twins are software-models of industrial plants, which are simulated and visualized similar to its industrial originals and synchronized with them. The presented paper shows steps of design of digital twins upon some examples of the master degree program at the University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt. It will be described why and how it is possible to use the digital twins. The ways from an original device to its model will be drawn. The different stages of the development of software-models, which are equipped with different levels of source code, will be shown. The actual trends to include the hardware into a software-model, so called hardware-in-the-loop and rapid control prototyping, will be described. Finally the advantages and disadvantages of digital twins for engineering study including the economic considerations will be discussed.
Comparison of Frequency Transform Methods for Condition Monitoring of a DC-Link Capacitor

Electrolytic capacitors continue to be used for the DC-link in motor drive systems due to their high specific capacitance. The degradation of electrolytic capacitors can lead to increased equivalent series resistances (ESR) and reduction in capacitance. This can impair the drive behaviour (e.g., reducing the ability of the motor-drive to maintain a steady voltage and thereby maintain steady speed set-points), but will also lead to additional heating and a further cycle of degradation until failure occurs. On-line condition monitoring is useful to understand and predict failure, and can potentially be embedded into a more holistic condition monitoring regime through, for example, the Internet of Things (IoT). It is possible to measure and track currents and voltages through the DC-link and estimate in real-time the corresponding capacitor impedances. The method proposed in this paper will estimate the impedance in a frequency related domain to ensure that the proposed approach is robust to changes in operating conditions - load variation, ambient temperature, drive temperature - and also allow the impedance to be estimated over a wide frequency range. Therefore, different transform methods have been investigated: the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT); the Short-Term Fourier Transform (STFT); and the Continous Wavelet Transform (CWT), making use of two different mother wavelets (complex and bump). It was found that the CWT provided optimal results with fine granularity in time, although selection of a mother wavelet may lead to loss of salient information.
Self-Organized Quantum Dots for Memories: Electronic Properties and Carrier Dynamics

Todays semiconductor memory market is divided between two types of memory: DRAM and Flash. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages. While DRAM is fast but volatile, Flash is non-volatile but slow. A memory system based on self-organized quantum dots (QDs) as storage node could combine the advantages of modern DRAM and Flash, thus merging the latters non-volatility with very fast write times. This thesis investigates the electronic properties of and carrier dynamics in self-organized quantum dots by means of time-resolved capacitance spectroscopy and time-resolved current measurements. The first aim is to study the localization energy of various QD systems in order to assess the potential of increasing the storage time in QDs to non-volatility. Surprisingly, it is found that the major impact of carrier capture cross-sections of QDs is to influence, and at times counterbalance, carrier storage in addition to the localization energy. The second aim is to study the coupling between a layer of self-organized QDs and a two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG), which is relevant for the read-out process in memory systems. The investigation yields the discovery of the many-particle ground states in the QD ensemble. In addition to its technological relevance, the thesis also offers new insights into the fascinating field of nanostructure physics.
Educación STEM y formación del profesorado de primaria en España

espanolDesde sus inicios, la educacion STEM ha sido caracterizada a traves de distintos modelos. A pesar de esta diversidad, encontramos tres caracteristicas comunes en la literatura especializada —resolucion de problemas, aplicacion de contenidos en situaciones reales e interdisciplinariedad—. En este trabajo indagamos hasta que punto es posible implementar una Educacion STEM que se cina al plan de formacion inicial de maestros de Educacion Primaria vigente en Espana. Para ello, hemos realizado un analisis de documentos, en base a las tres caracteristicas propias de la educacion STEM, de las 236 guias docentes de las asignaturas de caracter basico u obligatorio relacionadas con las areas STEM de las universidades publicas espanolas. Los resultados muestran que la mayoria de las universidades contemplan en sus guias docentes del area de Matematicas y Ciencias Experimentales estas tres caracteristicas, siendo la resolucion de problemas la que mayor presencia tiene en todos los niveles curriculares de las guias (expectativas de aprendizaje, contenidos, metodologia y evaluacion). Concluimos que, la inclusion de la educacion STEM podria ser posible a traves de una integracion a nivel multidisciplinar, donde cada asignatura tiene sus propios objetivos pero se introducen tareas a traves de un tema comun. EnglishSince its creation, STEM education has been characterized and interpreted using various models. Despite this diversity, we find three common characteristics in specialized literature—problem solving, content application in real situations, and interdisciplinarity—. In this work, we study the possibility of developing STEM Education in the initial Primary teacher training in Spain. To this end, based on the specific characteristics of STEM Education, a document analysis of 236 syllabi was carried out. These analysed syllabi are those for the basic and compulsory subjects in Spanish public universities related to the STEM areas. The results show that most universities consider these three characteristics in their Mathematics and Experimental Science syllabi. Even so, problem solving is the characteristic that is most present in the documents and in the curricular levels of the syllabi (learning expectations, contents, methodology and evaluation). In conclusion, incorporating STEM Education could be possible through the multidisciplinary integration, where each subject has its own objectives but tasks are introduced through a common issue.
Mechanical Spectroscopy Study on Cu53.5Zr42Al4.5 Alloy

This study consists of the characterization of the anelastic properties of a Bulk Metallic Glasses (BMG) by mechanical spectroscopy, which can be defined as an energy absorption technique. The equipment used was the acoustic elastometer system, the anelastic relaxation spectra were carried out with a heating rate of 1 K/min and vacuum better than 10-5 torr, in the temperature range of 300 K to 640 K. The amorphous sample studied, with nominal composition of Cu53.5Zr42Al4. 5, was processed by skull push-pull casting technique in a rectangular cavity cooper mould. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) curves have evidenced the amorphous structure although the X-ray diffraction (XDR) pattern has indicated a heterogeneous microstructure with amorphous matrix and some metaestable nanocrystalline phases which have not been identified yet. The dynamical elastic modulus of this alloy (between 54 GPa and 58 GPa at room temperature) and internal friction patterns as temperature function implied an increase of the crystalline phase during the measurements. This effect was confirmed with new X-ray diffraction measurements after the internal friction experiments.
Comparison of Bioactive and Antimicrobial Properties of Black and Green Teas

In this study, total phenolic content, antioxidant, antimicrobial activity and colour parameters of black and green teas were investigated regarding to brewing concentrations of teas. Total phenolic content of green teas ranged between 309-3915 mg GAE/L while in black teas they changed from 152 to 2089 mg GAE/L. The highest antioxidant activity was detected in green teas with 1942.761 μmol TE/L. Antimicrobial activity analysis showed that brewing the black teas at ratios of 200 and 100 mg/ml exhibited antimicrobial activity on P. aeruginosa while they did not show inhibitory effect on S. aureus and E. coli. However, all green tea concentrations exhibited antimicrobial effect on P. aeruginosa.