Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Combinatorial depletions of G-protein coupled receptor kinases in immune cells identify pleiotropic and cell type-specific functions

G-protein coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) participate in the regulation of chemokine receptors by mediating receptor desensitization. They can be recruited to agonist-activated G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and phosphorylate their intracellular parts, which eventually blocks signal propagation and often induces receptor internalization. However, there is growing evidence that GRKs can also control cellular functions beyond GPCR regulation. Immune cells commonly express two to four members of the GRK family (GRK2, GRK3, GRK5, GRK6) simultaneously, but we have very limited knowledge about their interplay in primary immune cells. In particular, we are missing comprehensive studies comparing the role of this GRK interplay for (a) multiple GPCRs within one leukocyte type, and (b) one specific GPCR between several immune cell subsets. To address this issue, we generated mouse models of single, combinatorial and complete GRK knockouts in four primary immune cell types (neutrophils, T cells, B cells and dendritic cells) and systematically addressed the functional consequences on GPCR-controlled cell migration and tissue localization. Our study shows that combinatorial depletions of GRKs have pleiotropic and cell-type specific effects in leukocytes, many of which could not be predicted. Neutrophils lacking all four GRK family members show increased chemotactic migration responses to a wide range of GPCR ligands, whereas combinatorial GRK depletions in other immune cell types lead to pro- and anti-migratory responses. Combined depletion of GRK2 and GRK6 in T cells and B cells shows distinct functional outcomes for (a) one GPCR type in different cell types, and (b) different GPCRs in one cell type. These GPCR-type and cell-type specific effects reflect in altered lymphocyte chemotaxis in vitro and localization in vivo. Lastly, we provide evidence that complete GRK deficiency impairs dendritic cell homeostasis, which unexpectedly results from defective dendritic cell differentiation and maturation in vitro and in vivo. Together, our findings demonstrate the complexity of GRK functions in immune cells, which go beyond GPCR desensitization in specific leukocyte types. Furthermore, they highlight the need for studying GRK functions in primary immune cells to address their specific roles in each leukocyte subset.
Gauging the cosmic microwave background

We provide a new derivation of the anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), and find an exact expression that can be readily expanded perturbatively. Close attention is paid to gauge issues, with the motivation to examine the effect of super-Hubble modes on the CMB. We calculate a transfer function that encodes the behavior of the dipole, and examine its long-wavelength behavior. We show that contributions to the dipole from adiabatic super-Hubble modes are strongly suppressed, even in the presence of a cosmological constant, contrary to claims in the literature. We also introduce a naturally defined CMB monopole, which exhibits closely analogous long-wavelength behavior. We discuss the geometrical origin of this super-Hubble suppression, pointing out that it is a simple reflection of adiabaticity, and hence argue that it will occur regardless of the matter content.
On the time-optimal implementation of quantum Fourier transform for qudits represented by quadrupole nucleus

We consider the problem of time-optimal realization of the quantum Fourier transform gate for a single qudit with number of levels d from 3 to 8. As a qudit the quadrupole nucleus with spin I > ½ controlled by NMR is considered. We calculate the dependencies of the gate error on the duration of radio-frequency pulse obtained by numerical optimization using Krotov-based algorithm. It is shown that the dependences of minimum time of QFT gate implementation on qudit dimension are different for integer and half-integer spins.
Positronium Decay in a Circular Polarized Laser Field

We calculate the lifetime of both the o-Ps and the p-Ps positronium annihilation decay Ps -> gamma gamma in the strong circular polarized laser field. We take a strategy of the factorization to separate the effects caused by the Coulomb interaction and the strong laser field interaction. It is factorized in the time direction but not in the space direction. Our results show that in the laser with long wavelength and high intensity, the lifetimes of those Ps states are dramatically increased. For CO2 laser with 10 mu m wavelength and 10(13) W/cm(2) intensity, lifetime of the spin-single positronium is increased by 10(8) times. Our result is consistent with those obtained by solving the Schodinger equation. This effect may be useful for the high harmonic generation (HHG) effects provided with the Ps [Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 (1993) 774; Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 (2004) 013601].
Constraints on bosonic dark matter from observation of old neutron stars

Baryon interactions with bosonic dark matter are constrained by the potential for dark matter-rich neutron stars to collapse into black holes. We consider the effect of dark matter self-interactions and dark matter annihilation on these bounds, and treat the evolution of the black hole after formation. We show that, for non-annihilating dark matter, these bounds extend up to $m_X \sim 10^{5-7}$ GeV, depending on the strength of self-interactions. However, these bounds are completely unconstraining for annihilating bosonic dark matter with an annihilation cross-section of $ \gtrsim 10^{-38} {\rm cm^3 /s}$. Dark matter decay does not significantly affect these bounds. We thus show that bosonic dark matter accessible to near-future direct detection experiments must participate in an annihilation or self-interaction process to avoid black hole collapse constraints from very old neutron stars.
First-order quantum-gravitational correction to Friedmannian cosmology from covariant, holomorphic spinfoam cosmology

The first-order loop quantum gravity correction of the simplest, classical general relativistic Friedmann Hamiltonian constraint, emerging from a holomorphic spinfoam cosmological model peaked on homogeneous, isotropic geometries, is studied. A quantum Hamiltonian constraint satisfied by the EPRL transition amplitude between the boundary cosmological coherent states includes a contribution of the order of the Planck constant that also appears in the corresponding semiclassical, symplectic model. The analysis of this term gives a quantum-gravitational correction to the classical Friedmann dynamics of the scale factor yielding an insignificantly small deceleration contribution in the expansion of the universe. The robustness of the physical interpretation is established for arbitrary refinements of the boundary graphs. Also, mathematical equivalences between the semiclassical cosmological model and certain classical fluid and scalar field theories are explored. e-mail: christian.roeken@cpt.univ-mrs.fr
PHOTOMETRIC PROPERTIES AND LUMINOSITY FUNCTION OF NEARBY MASSIVE EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES

We perform photometric analyses of a bright early-type galaxy sample with 2949 galaxies (Mr < −22.5 mag) in the redshift range of 0.05–0.15, drawn from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR7 with morphological classification from Galaxy Zoo 1. We measure the Petrosian and isophotal magnitudes, as well as the corresponding half-light radius for each galaxy. We find that for the brightest galaxies (Mr < −23 mag), our Petrosian magnitudes and isophotal magnitudes to 25 mag arcsec−2 and 1% of the sky brightness are on average 0.16 mag, 0.20 mag, and 0.26 mag brighter than the SDSS Petrosian values, respectively. In the first case, the underestimations are caused by overestimations in the sky background by the SDSS PHOTO algorithm, while the latter two are also due to deeper photometry. Similarly, the typical half-light radii (r50) measured by the SDSS algorithm are smaller than our measurements. As a result, the bright end of the r-band luminosity function is found to decline more slowly than previous works. Our measured luminosity densities at the bright end are more than one order of magnitude higher than those of Blanton et al., and the stellar mass densities at M* ∼ 5 × 1011 M☉ and M* ∼ 1012 M☉ are a few tenths and a factor of a few higher than those of Bernardi et al. These results may significantly alleviate the tension in the assembly of massive galaxies between observations and predictions of the hierarchical structure formation model.
Rotochemical heating of millisecond and classical pulsars with anisotropic and density-dependent superfluid gap models

When a rotating neutron star loses angular momentum, the progressive reduction of the centrifugal force makes it contract. This perturbs each fluid element, rais- ing the local pressure and originating deviations from beta equilibrium, inducing re- actions that release heat ("rotochemical heating"). This effect has previously been studied by Fernandez & Reisenegger (2005) for non-superfluid neutron stars and by Petrovich & Reisenegger (2010) for superfluid millisecond pulsars. Both studies found that pulsars reach a quasi-steady state in which the compression driving the matter out of beta equilibrium is balanced by the reactions trying to restore the equilibrium. We extend previous studies by considering the effect of density-dependence and anisotropy of the superfluid energy gaps, for the case in which the dominant reac- tions are the modified Urca processes, the protons are non-superconducting, and the neutron superfluidity is parametrized by models proposed in the literature. By com- paring our predictions with the surface temperature of the millisecond pulsar PSR J0437-4715 and upper limits for twenty-one classical pulsars, we find the millisecond pulsar can be only explained by the models with the effectively largest energy gaps (type B models), the classical pulsars require with the gap models that vanish for some angle (type C) and two different envelope compositions. Thus, no single model for neutron superfluidity can simultaneously account for the thermal emission of all available observations of non-accreting neutron stars, possibly due to our neglect of proton superconductivity.
Searches for third-generation scalar leptoquarks in √

Limits are set on the pair production of scalar leptoquarks, where all possible decays of the leptoquark into a quark (t, b) and a lepton (τ, ν) of the third generation are considered. The limits are presented as a function of the leptoquark mass and the branching ratio into charged leptons for up-type (LQ u3 → tν/bτ) and down-type (LQ d3 → bν/tτ) leptoquarks. Many results are reinterpretations of previously published ATLAS searches. In all cases, LHC proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of
Fun with New Gauge Bosons at 100 TeV

The production of new gauge bosons is a standard benchmark for the exploration of the physics capabilities of future colliders. The √ s = 100 TeV Future Hadron Collider will make a major step in our ability to search for and explore the properties of such new states. In this paper, employing traditional models to make contact with the past and more recent literature, we not only establish in detail the discovery and exclusion reaches for both the Z ′ and W ′ within these models but, more importantly, we also examine the capability of the FHC to extract information relevant for the determination of the couplings of the Z ′ to the fermions of the Standard Model as well as the helicity of the corresponding W ′ couplings. This is a necessary first step in determining the nature of the underlying theory which gave rise to these states.
On static three-manifolds with positive scalar curvature

We compute a Bochner type formula for static three-manifolds and deduce some applications in the case of positive scalar curvature. We also explain in details the known general construction of the (Riemannian) Einstein (n+1)-manifold associated to a maximal domain of a static n-manifold where the static potential is positive. There are examples where this construction inevitably produces an Einstein metric with conical singularities along a codimension-two submanifold. By proving versions of classical results for Einstein four-manifolds for the singular spaces thus obtained, we deduce some classification results for compact static three-manifolds with positive scalar curvature.
A NEW METHOD TO OBTAIN THE BROAD LINE REGION SIZE OF HIGH REDSHIFT QUASARS

We present high signal-to-noise ratio UV spectra for eight quasars at z ∼ 3 obtained with Very Large Telescope/FORS. The spectra enable us to analyze in detail the strong and weak emission features in the rest frame range 1300–2000 Å of each source (C iii] λ1909, Si iii] λ1892, Al iii λ1860, Si ii λ1814, C iv λ1549 and blended Si iv λ1397+O iv] λ1402). The flux ratios Al iii λ1860/Si iii] λ1892, C iv λ1549/Al iii λ1860, Si iv λ1397+O iv] λ1402/Si iii] λ1892 and Si iv λ1397+O iv] λ1402/C iv λ1549 strongly constrain ionizing photon flux and metallicity through the use of diagnostic maps built from cloudy simulations. The radius of the broad line region is then derived from the ionizing photon flux applying the definition of the ionization parameter. The rBLR estimate and the width of a virial component isolated in prominent UV lines yields an estimate of black hole mass. We compare our results with previous estimates obtained from the rBLR–luminosity correlation customarily employed to estimate the black hole masses of high redshift quasars.
The Leverage Effect of Oil Price Shocks on Economic Growth of Iran

: Oil prices shocks are one of the main factors affecting economic variables especially economic growth. With this approach, the present study is about studying negative and positive price shocks of oil and the official exchange rate with perspective of leverage effect of shocks on economic growth of Iran. This study tends to consider the leverage effect of oil price on economic growth of Iran using EGARCH method in period 1980 to 2014. The results show that the leverage effect is confirmed and has different effects for each unit of positive and negative shock on economic growth. Also the official exchange rate and light oil price shock has positive and meaningful effect and the shock of heavy oil price has negative and meaningful effect on economic growth. correlation is low and ranges between 0.07-0.08. The time-series patterns show a tendency of temporary upward shift in the pair-wise conditional correlations during predominant oil crisis.
Dynamics of cholesteric liquid crystals in the presence of random magnetic fields

Based on dynamic renormalization group techniques, this letter analyzes the effects of external stochastic perturbations on the dynamical properties of cholesteric liquid crystals, studied in the presence of a random magnetic field. Our analysis quantifies the nature of the temperature dependence of the dynamics; the results also highlight a hitherto unexplored regime in cholesteric liquid-crystal dynamics. We show that stochastic fluctuations drive the system to a second-ordered Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition point, eventually leading to a Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class. The results go beyond quasi–first-order mean-field theories, and provide the first theoretical understanding of a KPZ phase in distorted nematic liquid-crystal dynamics.
Thermo-visco-plasticity under high strain rates: a micro-inertia driven dynamic flow rule

Built on the tenets of rational thermodynamics, this article proposes a theory of strain gradient thermo-visco-plasticity for isotropic polycrystalline materials under high strain rates. The effect of micro-inertia, which arises due to dynamically evolving microstructural defects, is brought to bear on the macro-continuum through a micro-force balance. Constitutive modelling of dissipative micro-stresses incorporates relaxation time parameters to account for the time lags of the dissipative fluxes in attaining a steady state. Augmentation of the micro-force balance with constitutive relations for the micro-stresses yields a non-local flow rule that reflects the effect of micro-inertia on the evolution of the plastic strain. A thermodynamically consistent derivation of temperature evolution is provided, thus replacing an empirical route. Numerical implementation of the proposal does not demand a computationally intensive return mapping algorithm. A two dimensional plane strain model of impact between two 4340 steel plates is used to numerically assess the influence that micro-inertial and relaxation time parameters as well as various length scales may have on the macro-continuum response.
OnTrackNY s learning

Worldwide, early intervention services for young people with recent-onset psychosis have been associated with improvements in outcomes, including reductions in hospitalization, symptoms, and improvements in treatment engagement and work/school participation. States have received federal mental health block grant funding to implement team-based, multi-element, evidence-based early intervention services, now called coordinated specialty care (CSC) in the USA. New York State ’ s CSC program, OnTrackNY, has grown into a 23-site, statewide network, serving over 1800 individuals since its 2013 inception. A state-supported intermediary organization, OnTrackCentral, has overseen the growth of OnTrackNY. OnTrackNY has been committed to quality improvement since its inception. In 2019, OnTrackNY was awarded a regional hub within the National Institute of Mental Health-sponsored Early Psychosis Intervention Network (EPINET). The participation in the national EPINET initiative reframes and expands OnTrackNY ’ s quality improvement activities. The national EPINET initiative aims to develop a learning healthcare system (LHS); OnTrackNY ’ s participation will facilitate the development of infrastructure, including a systematic approach to facilitating stakeholder input and enhancing the data and informatics infrastructure to promote quality improvement. Additionally, this infrastructure will support practice-based research to improve care. The investment of the EPINET network to of
Slow relaxation behavior of cohesive powders

We present findings from uniaxial (oedometric) compression tests on two cohesive industrially relevant granular materials (cocoa and limestone powder). Experimental results are presented for the compressibility, tested with two devices -- the FT4 Powder Rheometer and the custom made lambdameter. We focus on the stress response and the slow relaxation behavior of the cohesive samples tested. After compression ends, at constant volume, the ongoing stress relaxation is found to follow a power law consistently for both cohesive powders and for the different testing equipments. A simple (incremental algebraic evolution) model is proposed for the stress relaxation in cohesive powders, which includes a response timescale along with a second, dimensionless relaxation parameter. The reported observations are useful for both the improvement of discrete element simulations and constitutive macroscopic models for cohesive granular materials.
Multipolar electromagnetic fields around neutron stars: general-relativistic vacuum solutions

Magnetic fields inside and around neutron stars are at the heart of pulsar magnetospheric activity. Strong magnetic fields are responsible for quantum effects, an essential ingredient to produce leptonic pairs and the subsequent broadband radiation. The variety of electromagnetic field topologies could lead to the observed diversity of neutron star classes. Thus it is important to include multipolar components to a presumably dominant dipolar magnetic field. Exact analytical solutions for these multipoles in Newtonian gravity have been computed in recent literature. However, flat spacetime is not adequate to describe physics in the immediate surrounding of neutron stars. We generalize the multipole expressions to the strong gravity regime by using a slowly rotating metric approximation such as the one expected around neutron stars. Approximate formulas for the electromagnetic field including frame dragging are computed from which we estimate the Poynting flux and the braking index. Corrections to leading order in compactness and spin parameter are presented. As far as spindown luminosity is concerned, it is shown that frame dragging remains irrelevant. For high order multipoles starting from the quadrupole, the electric part can radiate more efficiently than the magnetic part. Both analytical and numerical tools are employed.
A tracheal aspirate-derived airway basal cell model reveals a proinflammatory epithelial defect in congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Rationale Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is characterized by incomplete closure of the diaphragm and lung hypoplasia. The pathophysiology of lung defects in CDH is poorly understood. Objectives To establish a translational model of human airway epithelium in CDH for pathogenic investigation and therapeutic testing. Methods We developed a robust methodology of epithelial progenitor derivation from tracheal aspirates of newborns. Basal stem cells (BSCs) from CDH patients and preterm and term, non-CDH controls were derived and analyzed by bulk RNA-sequencing, ATAC-sequencing, and air-liquidinterface differentiation. Lung sections from fetal human CDH samples and the nitrofen rat model of CDH were subjected to histological assessment of epithelial defects. Therapeutics to restore epithelial differentiation were evaluated in human epithelial cell culture and the nitrofen rat model of CDH. Measurements and Main Results Transcriptomic and epigenetic profiling of CDH and non-CDH basal stem cells reveals a disease-specific, proinflammatory signature independent of severity or hernia size. In addition, CDH basal stem cells exhibit defective epithelial differentiation in vitro that recapitulates epithelial phenotypes found in fetal human CDH lung samples and fetal tracheas of the nitrofen rat model of CDH. Furthermore, steroid treatment normalizes epithelial differentiation phenotypes of human CDH basal stem cells in vitro and in nitrofen rat tracheas in vivo. Conclusions Our findings have identified an underlying proinflammatory signature and BSC differentiation defects as a potential therapeutic target for airway epithelial defects in CDH.
The three-point Pick–Nevanlinna interpolation problem on the polydisc

Abstract We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a holomorphic interpolant , , for prescribed three-point Pick–Nevanlinna data. This is equivalent, due to results of Agler–McCarthy and Knese, to the existence of an interpolating rational inner function on the unit polydisc . Characterizing the latter reduces the search for a three-point interpolant to finding a single rational inner function that satisfies a certain positivity condition and arises from a polynomial of a very special form. This in turn relies on a pair of results on the factorization of rational inner functions.