Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Forestry Education in Africa: A Review of the Teaching and Learning Styles for Sustainable Forest Management

Forestry profession in the twenty-first century will not be immune to complex challenges that currently stare several sectors if it does not swiftly adapt to the changing globalized trend. Professional milieu in the subsector could be requiring a lifelong learning, greatly developed critical thinking ability with well-honed communication skills to break even: attributes already considered by employers to be deficient in prospective forestry employees. As an attempt towards envisioning into a robust and composite education for upcoming forestry professionals, the researchers reviewed training modules that promote learner-based mastery, retention of content knowledge and the development of higher order process skills to meet likely anticipated goals. The researchers investigated and applied the above in the course: Forestry Extension, Education and Development offered at Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria. The study focused on training modules whose defined objective is development of active learning strategies with broadened spectrum of content-specific synopsis that engage trainees with case studies, demonstrable online-based access/links and brainstorming. The above were to test capacity of trainees in handling forestry and wildlife resources-based challenges and emergences to demonstrate how concepts and sustainable management principles can be applied to solve complex problems with multiple stakeholders. By offering trainees links to needed information, periodic evaluations and hands-on scenarios in relevant contexts, the researchers observed (also as evidenced from cognitive psychology) that learner-based interactive education, hands-on tips and access to needed platforms for self-enquiry facilitated trainee innovative discoveries and aptitude in various need-based areas of forestry management. It was recommended that a build-in of appropriate motivationally cognate hands-on themes into forestry curriculum and adoption of innovative learner-based pedagogies in forestry education should be vigorously pursued to better prepare prospective foresters for cutting-edge learning. This will in mid and long term range translate into development-based partnerships among wide spectrum of need-based stakeholders in and across sectoral leanings.
DOES THE ADDED WORKER EFFECT MATTER ? 2021

The added worker effect (AWE) measures the entry of individuals into the labor force due to their partners’ adverse labor market outcomes. We propose a new method to calculate the AWE that allows us to estimate its effect on any labor market outcome. The AWE reduces the fraction of households with two non-employed members by 16% for the 1977-2018 period; 28% in the 1990 recession and 23% during the great recession. The AWE also accounts for why women’s employment is much less cyclical and more symmetric than men’s. Without the AWE, married women’s employment would be as volatile as men and display negative skewness (declining quickly in recessions and recovering slowly in expansions). In recessions, while some women lose their employment, others enter the labor market and find jobs. This keeps female employment relatively stable.
’Rebooting Communications’ - A Quantum-Domain Perspective

—As we approach nano-scale integration on the wings of Moore’s Law, ’Quantum Engineering’ is becoming a buzzword, since at this scale signal processing is departing from the law of classical physics and enters the realms of quantum physics. We would still have the option of accommodating the ever more sophisticated signal processing solutions on larger chip areas without increasing the integration density, but the yield would be reduced and the chips begin to break up. Another alternative for the research community is to ’reboot commu-nications’ and start the new era of ’Communications V 2.0’. This journey has to start with the understanding of some of the basic postulates of quantum physics - but you do not have to become a quantum physisist! Feynman suggested that instead of mapping the classical bits to 0 and 5 Volt, we map them for example to the spin or charge of an electron. The story unfolds by understanding this mapping operation, the transmission and reception of our new information bearer as well as the mitigation of the deleterious propagation, storage and signal processing effects. Since the resultant quantum information is much more sensitive to environmental impairments than the good old classical bits, sophisticated transmission and processing techniques have to be conceived under ’Communications 2.0. ’ But as a beneﬁt, perfectly secure communications becomes possible even in the face of malicious eavesdroppers. So, let the journey begin!
IOMapper: The Integration of Generalized Signal Control Mapping With the Godot Game Engine

—We present a novel software solution for dynamic control of properties in a simulated environment using custom signals and devices, enabling thorough creative control for contemporary media synthesis. The software tool is IOMapper, a plugin for the popular open-source Godot 1 game engine, serving as an implementation of the libmapper software library [1]. The portable nature of libmapper’s network signals offers a basis upon which to easily integrate experimental input devices with Godot, creating a solid foundation for both formal study as well as the creation of art. IOMapper is a working tool, available publicly at https://github.com/lemurph/IOMapper.
Smart Meter Data Anomaly Detection using Variational Recurrent Autoencoders with Attention

In the digitization of energy systems, sensors and smart meters are increasingly being used to monitor production, operation and demand. Detection of anomalies based on smart meter data is crucial to identify potential risks and unusual events at an early stage, which can serve as a reference for timely initiation of appropriate actions and improving management. However, smart meter data from energy systems often lack labels and contain noise and various patterns without distinctively cyclical. Meanwhile, the vague definition of anomalies in different energy scenarios and highly complex temporal correlations pose a great challenge for anomaly detection. Many traditional unsupervised anomaly detection algorithms such as cluster-based or distance-based models are not robust to noise and not fully exploit the temporal dependency in a time series as well as other dependencies amongst multiple variables (sensors). This paper proposes an unsupervised anomaly detection method based on a Variational Recurrent Autoencoder with attention mechanism. with"dirty"data from smart meters, our method pre-detects missing values and global anomalies to shrink their contribution while training. This paper makes a quantitative comparison with the VAE-based baseline approach and four other unsupervised learning methods, demonstrating its effectiveness and superiority. This paper further validates the proposed method by a real case study of detecting the anomalies of water supply temperature from an industrial heating plant.
Algorithms For Reinforcement Learning Synthesis Lectures On Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning

The articles presented here were selected from preliminary versions presented at the International Conference on Genetic Algorithms in June 1991, as well as at a special Workshop on Genetic Algorithms for Machine Learning at the same Conference. Genetic algorithms are general-purpose search algorithms that use principles inspired by natural population genetics to evolve solutions to problems. The basic idea is to maintain a population of knowledge structure that represent candidate solutions to the problem of interest. The population evolves over time through a process of competition (i.e. survival of the fittest) and controlled variation (i.e. recombination and mutation). Genetic Algorithms for Machine Learning contains articles on three topics that have not been the focus of many previous articles on GAs, namely concept learning from examples, reinforcement learning for control, and theoretical analysis of GAs. It is hoped that this sample will serve to broaden the acquaintance of the general machine learning community with the major areas of work on GAs. The articles in this book address a number of central issues in applying GAs to machine learning problems. For example, the choice of appropriate representation and the corresponding set of genetic learning operators is an important set of decisions facing a user of a genetic algorithm. The study of genetic algorithms is proceeding at a robust pace. If experimental progress and theoretical understanding continue to evolve as expected, genetic algorithms will continue to provide a distinctive approach to machine learning. Genetic Algorithms for Machine Learning is an edited volume of original research made up of invited contributions by leading researchers. This book is Open Access under a CC BY licence. The LNCS 11427 and 11428 proceedings set constitutes the proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, TACAS 2019, which took place in Prague, Czech Republic, in April 2019, held as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2019. The total of 42 full and 8 short tool demo papers presented in these volumes was carefully reviewed and selected from 164 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: SAT and SMT, SAT solving and theorem proving; verification and analysis; model checking; tool demo; and machine learning. Part II: concurrent and distributed systems; monitoring and runtime verification; hybrid and stochastic
Design of small planar antennas based on double‐layered CRLH metamaterials

This letter presents the design of a new efficient double negative metamaterial antennas. The design of the unit cell of these antennas is based on the composite right/left‐handed (CRLH) transmission line model. The zeroth‐order resonance of this kind of antennas depends mainly on the equivalent circuit of the unit cell and provides the opportunity to design the antenna with very small electrical size. The previous published results show that the conventional CRLH mushroom radiator suffers from narrow bandwidth and low gain. In this letter, we introduce a new method of design of CRLH metamaterial antennas to tackle the above problem using two layers of CRLH mushroom structure. The upper layer of the CRLH is used to reduce the reactance of the small antenna and to improve the matching between the antenna and the feeding line. The results at the zeroth‐order resonance show improvements in the antenna gain and bandwidth by introducing the upper layer. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2224–2229, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27078
Building human agency: a timely manifesto

The 2009 Passive and Low Energy Architecture Conference (PLEA), held in Québec City, Canada, was themed ‘Architecture, Energy and the Occupant's Perspective’, with the ambition of positioning building inhabitants as key ‘active’ determinants of energy performance in ‘passive’ design through adaptive opportunities. Conference delegates committed to a Manifesto that embodied both the key longstanding priorities of PLEA and explicitly conveyed the priorities of the conference hosts. The Manifesto is examined in terms of how it captures and represents a shift in thinking that has occurred over the past few years, away from technological and technocratic solutions to comfort provisioning and towards reframing building energy consumption as a social and ethical challenge in which comfort plays a key role. La Conférence 2009 sur l'Architecture Passive et Basse Energie (PLEA), qui s'est tenue à Québec, au Canada, avait pour thème « Architecture, Energie et la Perspective de l'Occupant », avec pour ambition de positionner les habitants d'immeubles comme principaux déterminants « actifs » de la performance énergétique dans un design « passif » par des opportunités d'adaptation. Les délégués de la conférence se sont engagés en faveur d'un Manifeste qui, tout à la fois, incarne les principales priorités qui sont depuis longtemps celles des Conférences PLEA et traduit explicitement les priorités des hôtes de la conférence. Cet article examine le Manifeste quant à la manière dont il appréhende et reflète le changement intervenu au cours de ces dernières années dans la manière de voir les choses, consistant à se détourner d'un confort fourni par des solutions technologiques et technocratiques et à aller dans le sens d'un recadrage de la consommation énergétique des immeubles considérée comme un défi social et éthique dans lequel le confort joue un rôle clé. Mots clés: comportement adaptatif, agence, confort, fourniture du confort, qualité environnementale intérieure, habitants, manifeste, Conférence sur l'Architecture Passive et Basse Energie (PLEA)
High-frequency nanomechanical resonators for sensor applications

This thesis describes new ways of operating high-frequency nanomechanical resonators and using them for sensor applications. The first part of the thesis is devoted to the techniques of detecting, actuating, and tuning the resonance motion of nanomechanical resonators. First, I consider piezoresistive detection using integrated thin-film piezoresistors made of doped semiconductors or metals. I describe the piezoresistive downmixing technique, which typically results in better performance than the conventional DC biasing technique. I then proceed to the possible ways of actuating the motion of nanomechanical resonators. After describing the challenges of applying the piezoshaker actuation technique to high-frequency resonators, I consider two alternatives: permanent-magnet magnetomotive actuation and Joule-heat-driven thermoelastic actuation. I demonstrate that the combination of thermoelastic actuation and piezoresistive detection can be used to efficiently detect multiple modes of nanomechanical resonators. Finally, I consider two ways of tuning the frequency of nanomechanical resonators: electrostatic tuning and absorptive tuning. The second part of the thesis is devoted to applications of nanoscale resonators to spin sensing, studies of dissipation of mechanical motion, and gas sensing. I consider possible ways of observing the coupling between mechanical motion and spins, describe our experimental results, and explore the analogy between coupled the spin--resonator system and the quantum-optical model of a laser. I then describe the results of quality-factor measurements in vacuum and air for doubly clamped beams and other resonator geometries. Finally, I describe a way to build better gas sensors by using arrays of nanomechanical resonators and present the preliminary gas-sensing data.
Sociology of Social Sustainability-On the Idea of the Internalization Society

At the UN level, Agenda 2030 with 17 universal Sustainable Development Goals was adopted in 2015. In the main and sub-goals, they deal with social and ecological issues. In this transdisciplinary context, the author advocates a change of perspective, away from the restricted social-ecological point of view and establishing a discourse about social sustainability. By means of a distinction between social sustainability in four conceptions, which follow the welfare regimes known from social policy research, along with four thematic dimensions, the conceptual field is to be made clear, and argued why the exclusion of social policy from the discourse on sustainability and from the consideration of a postgrowth society must come to an end. These considerations are rounded off with the question of the normativity of social sustainability and a critique of virulent sociological skepticism. This was to be overcome in the context of global climate change and its social consequences and to create an evident research foundation through sociology.
Pseudorandom Self-Reductions for NP-Complete Problems

A language L is random-self-reducible if deciding membership in L can be reduced (in polynomial time) to deciding membership in L for uniformly random instances. It is known that several “number theoretic” languages (such as computing the permanent of a matrix) admit random self-reductions. Feigenbaum and Fortnow showed that NP -complete languages are not non-adaptively random-self-reducible unless the polynomial-time hierarchy collapses, giving suggestive evidence that NP may not admit random self-reductions. Hirahara and Santhanam introduced a weakening of random self-reductions that they called pseudorandom self-reductions, in which a language L is reduced to a distribution that is computationally indistinguishable from the uniform distribution. They then showed that the Minimum Circuit Size Problem (MCSP) admits a non-adaptive pseudorandom self-reduction, and suggested that this gave further evidence that MCSP is “distinguished” from standard NP -Complete problems. We show that, in fact, the NP -Complete Clique problem admits a non-adaptive pseudorandom self-reduction, assuming the planted clique conjecture. More generally we show the following. Call a property of graphs π hereditary if G ∈ π implies H ∈ π for every induced subgraph of G . We show that for any inﬁnite hereditary property π , the problem of ﬁnding a maximum induced subgraph H ∈ π of a given graph G admits a non-adaptive pseudorandom self-reduction.
EXAMINATION OF THE EFFECT OF TYPE AND QUANTITY OF SUGAR ON MAIN SENSORY PARAMETERS OF HOMEMADE OAT-FLAKES BISCUIT

The fiber intake is an important part of the human diet. The fiber-deficient nutrition may have long-term health problems. Oat (Avena sativa) is an excellent source of fiber and it has many health benefits due to its rich vitamin and mineral composition. Oats are used as flour and flakes in the food industry. The oat-flakes can be used in a variety of cakes but it can be also consumed as breakfast cereals or porridge. The objective of our work was to determine the effect of the sugar content and sugar types on main sensory parameters of oat-flakes biscuit. During the experiments six different types of biscuit were made with the addition of white or brown sugar at three different concentration level. The moisture content, color and the frangibility of the samples were analyzed during the four-day storage period. The sensory evaluation of the biscuit samples was also performed on the first day of storage. The parameters of the rupture test and color measurement did not show significant changes during the storage but the individual types of biscuits made of different types and quantities of sugar could be well distinguished. Results of sensory evaluation showed significant differences in frangibility, structure and stickiness parameters.
Flows in near algebras
with applications to harnesses

We introduce one-way ﬂows in near algebras and two-way ﬂows in double near algebras with two interrelated multiplications. We establish parametric representations of the one-way and two-way ﬂows in terms of a single element of the algebra that we call a ﬂow generator. We indicate probabilistic applications of the one-way ﬂows to a study of polynomial stochastic processes. We apply our results on the two- way ﬂows to harnesses and quadratic harnesses in probability theory, generalizing some previous results.
Catalogue of stars measured in the Geneva seven-colour photometric system

The Geneva seven-colour photometric system is successfully applied to the study of various astrophysical objects. It measures the slope of the Paschen continuum, the Balmer discontinuity, and blocking absorption due to hydrogen or metallic lines. One of its greatest strengths is its intrinsic homogeneity. A new catalogue of the available measurements was generated, 30 years after the last publication. The identifications for the individual stars were cross-checked on the basis of the Gaia and 2MASS catalogues. The high precision coordinates together with proper motions (if available) are included, for the first time, in the catalogue. Special caution was exercised with binaries and high-proper-motion stars. The catalogue includes 42 911 entries of highly accurate photometry. The data of this catalogue can be used for various applications, such as new calibrations of astrophysical parameters, the standardisation of new observations, and as additional information for ongoing and forthcoming all-sky surveys, such as the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS).
Are Bikeshare Users Different from Regular Cyclists?

In recent years, bikeshare systems have spread throughout the United States. Despite the increase in systems and users, little is known about how bikeshare member demographics and travel patterns compare with those of traditional bicyclists. To bridge the gap, this study investigated bikeshare system user travel behavior and developed a profile of user demographics through the comparison of short-term (1 day) users and annual members of Capital Bikeshare (CaBi) in Washington, D.C., with profiles of area bicyclists. Data originated from a Washington, D.C., regional household travel survey of 2007–2008, an intercept survey of short-term CaBi users, and an online survey of annual CaBi members. The analysis compared gender, race and ethnicity, age, and student status, as well as socioeconomic status across the surveys. The comparison included trip purpose, helmet use, and travel modes for trips that were replaced by bikesharing. Profiles of CaBi and area cyclists differed with respect to many demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Compared with area cyclists, CaBi short-term users and annual members were more likely to be female and younger, to have lower household incomes, and to own fewer cars and fewer bicycles and were more likely to cycle for utilitarian purposes. CaBi trips mainly replaced trips made by public transport and by walking. CaBi short-term users and members shared similar characteristics, but short-term users were more likely to ride for recreational purposes and were less likely to wear a helmet. The study results indicated that bikesharing can encourage new segments of society to cycle and can help increase the bicycling mode share overall.
Arabic aspect based sentiment classiﬁcation using BERT.

Aspect-based sentiment analysis(ABSA) is a textual analysis methodology that deﬁnes the polarity of opinions on certain aspects related to speciﬁc targets. The majority of research on ABSA is in English, with a small amount of work available in Arabic. Most previous Arabic research has relied on deep learning models that depend primarily on context-independent word embed-dings (e.g.word2vec), where each word has a ﬁxed representation independent of its context. This article explores the modeling capabilities of contextual embeddings from pre-trained language models, such as BERT, and making use of sentence pair input on Arabic aspect sentiment polarity classiﬁcation task. In particular, we develop a simple but eﬀective BERT-based neural baseline to handle this task. Our BERT architecture with a simple linear classiﬁcation layer surpassed the state-of-the-art works, according to the experimental results on three diﬀerent Arabic datasets. Achieving an accuracy of 89.51% on the Arabic hotel reviews dataset, 73% on the Human annotated book reviews dataset, and 85.73% on the Arabic news dataset.