Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unique Advantages of Gasification-Coke Prepared with Low-Rank Coal Blends via Reasonable Granularity Control

To perfectly solve the shortage of high-strength lump-feedstock resources and the problems of phenolic wastewater treatment and furnace corrosion restricting long-term operation of moving (fixed) bed gasification, high-strength gasification-coke with a large amount of low-rank coal blends has been prepared by reasonable granularity control at low cost. To further understand the physicochemical properties of this coke, the effects of the blending ratio of low-rank coals and particle size distribution on coke reactivity were investigated in this study. At the same time, the release ratio of Na in gasification-coke with blending sodium-rich coal was detected during the pyrolysis, gasification, and combustion stages. The results show that coke gasification reactivity with the fast reaction rate range mainly depends on the blending ratio of low-rank coals. The reasonable granularity control, which requires a small amount of strong-caking coal fines ( 60%) of.
Iron-Coupled Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane in Marine Sediments: A Review

Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is one of the major processes of oxidizing methane in marine sediments. Up to now, extensive studies about AOM coupled to sulfate reduction have been conducted because SO42− is the most abundant electron acceptor in seawater and shallow marine sediments. However, other terminal electron acceptors of AOM, such as NO3−, NO2−, Mn(IV), Fe(III), are more energetically favorable than SO42−. Iron oxides, part of the major components in deep marine sediments, might play a significant role as an electron acceptor in the AOM process, mainly below the sulfate–methane interface, mediated by physiologically related microorganisms. Iron-coupled AOM is possibly the dominant non-sulfate-dependent AOM process to consume methane in marine ecosystems. In this review, the conditions for iron-coupled AOM are summarized, and the forms of iron oxides as electron acceptors and the microbial mechanisms are discussed.
Arabic Authorship Attribution Using Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique and Principal Components Analysis for Imbalanced Documents

Dealing with imbalanced data represents a great challenge in data mining as well as in machine learning task. In this investigation, the authors are interested in the problem of class imbalance in authorship attribution (AA) task, with specific application on Arabic text data. This article proposes a new hybrid approach based on principal components analysis (PCA) and synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE), which considerably improve the performances of authorship attribution on imbalanced data. The used dataset contains seven Arabic books written by seven different scholars, which are segmented into text segments of the same size, with an average length of 2,900 words per text. The obtained results of the experiments show that the proposed approach using the SMO-SVM classifier presents high performance in terms of authorship attribution accuracy (100%), especially with starting character-bigrams. In addition, the proposed method appears quite interesting by improving the AA performances in imbalanced datasets, mainly with function words.
β-Carotene bioavailability of palm oil emulsion drink in rats (Rattus norvegicus) blood plasma and liver

Palm oil emulsion drink (POED) is a kind of oil-in-water emulsion considered to be a good source of vitamin A as β-carotene but its bioavailability was not well known. The aim of this research were (1) to review the chemical composition and β-carotene content of POED and(2)to evaluate bioavailability of β-carotene based on in vivo study. The chemical composition were determined using proximate analysis, while bioavailability evaluation was carried out by measuring Retinol Accumulation Factor (RAF). Thirty-six male Sprague-dawley rats received a standard diet as an adaptation period and a low-vitamin A-diet as depletion period. In the repletion period, rats were divided into four groups: control (C) group, Positive Control (PC) group, Negative Control (NC) group and Palm Oil Emulsion Drink (POED) group. C group received standard diet, while NC group received depletion diet. The other two groups received depletion diet enriched with pure synthetic β-carotene (for PC group) and POED (for POED group). The POED-enriched-diet and pure-synthetic-β-carotene-diet contained 180 μg β-carotene. At the end of repletion period, all rats were sacrificed then its plasma and liver were colected to provide retinol data. β-carotene content of POED was 211.08 μg/g. After repletion, plasma retinol in POEDgroupincreased up to 1.39 μg/ml in average. Meanwhile, its total liver retinol increased up to 385.76 μg in average. RAF proposed for the test group was 1/9.97, which indicated that 9.97 μg vitamin A from this product was needed to accumulate 1 μg retinol in the liver. Relative bioavailability of POED was 70.91%. It appeared that β-carotene in POED can be well-absorbed by the vitamin A-depleted-rats.
Market power and urban housing development

This paper investigates the relationship between market power and urban housing development in a two-period, partial equilibrium model of a durable rental housing market with a fixed stock of homogeneous land, a convex housing construction technology, and no externalities. We contrast the planning solution and the monopoly solution. Since we employ social surplus analysis, the competitive equilibrium coincides with the planning solution. Thus, we contrast the competitive equilibrium and the monopoly solution. On a priori grounds, one expects less housing to be produced under monopoly than under competition. The monopolist can produce less housing by constructing housing at lower density, holding land off the market, or developing his land later. We show that the monopolist: (i) will never hold land off the market for both periods, (ii) may develop either a higher or lower proportion of her land in the first period than under competition, and (iii) in both periods will construct at lower density than under competition.
Clinical spectrum of neutropenia in children — analysis of 109 cases

Introduction: The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze the course of neutropenia in children hospitalized at a single pediatric hematology and oncology center, with particular emphasis on the assessment of risk factors for severe infectious complications. Material and methods: The study included 109 children diagnosed with neutropenia unrelated to malignancy. The etiology, laboratory and genetic test results, and clinical data and course were analyzed. Results: More than half (53.2%) of the patients were ultimately diagnosed with benign childhood neutropenia. 74.5% of the children presented a chronic course of neutropenia, with a mean duration of 22 months. The duration of neutropenia had a significant impact on its clinical course: none of the patients with acute neutropenia had severe infections or required treatment. Among the patients with chronic neutropenia, a positive family history (p <0.002), comorbidities (p <0.005), severe infectious complications (p <0.001) and the need for specific treatment (p <0.004) were observed statistically more often in children with the congenital form of the disease. Conclusions: Neutropenia in children usually has a benign course, but the prognosis largely depends on duration and etiology. History, clinical course, and ancillary test results should be carefully interpreted to identify patients with congenital neutropenia, due to the higher risk of complications and the need to treat patients in this group.
Constraining the sources of nitrogen fueling export production in the Gulf of Mexico using nitrogen isotope budgets

The availability of nitrogen (N) in ocean surface waters affects rates of photosynthesis and marine ecosystem structure. In spite of low dissolved inorganic N concentrations, export production in oligotrophic waters is comparable to more nutrient replete regions. Prior observations raise the possibility that di-nitrogen (N2) fixation supplies a significant fraction of N supporting export production in the Gulf of Mexico. In this study, geochemical tools were used to quantify the relative and absolute importance of both subsurface nitrate and N2 fixation as sources of new N fueling export production in the oligotrophic Gulf of Mexico in May 2017 and May 2018. Comparing the isotopic composition (“δ15N”) of nitrate with the δ15N of sinking particulate N collected during five sediment trap deployments each lasting two to four days indicates that N2 fixation is typically not detected and that the majority (≥80%) of export production is supported by subsurface nitrate. Moreover, no gradients in upper ocean dissolved organic N and suspended particulate N concentration and/or δ15N were found that would indicate significant N2 fixation fluxes accumulated in these pools, consistent with low Trichodesmium spp. abundance. Finally, comparing the δ15N of sinking particulate N captured within vs. below the euphotic zone indicates that during late spring regenerated N is low in δ15N compared to sinking N.
Hydrogen-/propane-hydrate decomposition: thermodynamic and kinetic analysis

ABSTRACT The dissociation of planar mixed hydrogen-/propane-hydrate in contact with water has been studied by molecular dynamics between 260 and 320 K. Two modes of termination of the hydrate interface were chosen: direct cleavage to produce an 001-surface, as well as one with completed cages. Substantial differences in melting points and initial dissociation kinetics were evident between both kinds of surface. These break-up rates were significantly dependent on temperature. A kinetic model was applied to fit dissociation profiles, clarifying crisply two hydrate dissociation regions; after a temperature-sensitive decomposition stage, a well-characterised lattice-collapse process is, by and large, insensitive to temperature. For hydrate-liquid systems at thermal equilibrium, consideration of relaxation times of auto-correlation functions of clathrate-molecule-number fluctuations shows significant differences between the two modes of interface: a unifying relationship was established between the non-equilibrium break-up rate from outright melting and that inferred from fluctuation-dissipation at equilibrium. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
What if aquatic animals move away from pesticide-contaminated habitats before suffering adverse physiological effects? A critical review

Abstract Several pesticides were developed to be repellent to the targeted pest. However, non-target species could also move away from pesticide-contaminated habitats. These populations would face local extinction due to emigration, even without adverse physiological effects on organisms. Little is known about what pesticides cause spatial avoidance and at what concentrations, because traditional toxicity evaluations use forced exposure to determine effects, both in single-species testing and multi-species mesocosm studies. This traditional approach only considers pesticides as poisons at the individual level (“sola dosis facit venenum”, Paracelsus dixit), thus neglecting the potential role of pesticides as habitat disturbers and, eventually, habitat fragmentors. In the present review, we compiled the published information on pesticide-driven emigration by aquatic animals. Available data are enough to conclude that pesticide risks are currently being underestimated. Therefore, we recommend a paradigm shift in ecotoxicology through the inclusion of non-forced exposure testing to evaluate repellence to non-target species in the ecological risk assessment of pesticides. Graphical Abstract
Talent retention practices by the view of the Administration university students at Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF) in Macaé/RJ

– The marketing uncertainties have caused in numerous changes in the people management area. Understanding such moment, the present work, searched investigate issues about talent retention, objecting to describe the perception of the administration students in terms of talent retention currently adopted by companies. The formulated hypotheses were: H1) The factors considered as more valuable by students are not related to financial rewards; H2) The practices of talent retention adopted by companies influence the choice of the students that remain in them. H3) The students realizes that the companies don’t invest in talent retention, because is not their priority. The nature of the study is descriptive-explorative with quantitative approach. The data were obtained by primary and secondary sources, raised by field research and bibliography research, respectively. The population investigated was constituted by 364 matriculated students in 2019/2, in the Administration course of the Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), in the city of Macaé/RJ. The research results show that the most valued tools by the university students are related to the training and development programs. With the study limitations stand out the size of the sample, presented in limited and reduced number to the university students of the above course.
BIOLOGICAL PRE -TREATMENT USE LOCAL WILD STRAIN OF LIGNOLYTIC FILAMENTOUS BACTERIA TO IMPROVE IN VITRO DRY MATTER DIGESTABILITY AND REDUCTION LIGNIN CONTENT OF LOW QUALITY ROUGHAGES .

This study being performed at the central laboratory for graduate students Animal Resources Department / College of Agriculture / University of Baghdad/Aljadrea and in laboratory of applied microbiology Department, Food and Biotechnology Center /Directorate of Agriculture Research / Baghdad, Iraq. Wild strain of local ligninolytic bacteria of genus Streptomyces MS isolated from Iraq camel degrade feces was used to pre- treated of low quality roughages in in vitro fermentation. Roughages wheat straw (WS), corncobs (Cc), alfalfa hay (AH) was pre- treated with wild strain of genus Streptomyces MS. The results showed higher significant improvement (p<0.01) for in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD %),in vitro Organic matter digestibility (IVOMD %) for most of roughages (WS Cc, AH). Moreover, greatest (p<0.01) improvement in(IVDMD,IVOMD %) was observed with pre-treated AH using Streptomyces MS prior of use for 21 days from 45 untreated to 67.07,67.08% treated, the smallest improving was observed (P<0.05) with WS from 20.78 to 30.22%. This result indicated that ability of Streptomyces MS to improve (IVDMD %) was significantly (P<0.05) affected by the roughages sources. Treated roughages with Streptomyces MS showed signiﬁcant reduction in lignin content (p<0.01). However, the highest (p<0.01) reduction in lignin content was shown in Cc pre-treated with Streptomyces MS(from 9.8 to 6.87%), while lowest (P<0.05)reduction in lignin content was shown in AH (from8.26 to 7.64%), These results support the possibility application of this wild strain of bacteria to improve low quality roughages in ruminants feed.
The Philadelphia Foot Patrol Experiment

During early 2009, violent crime reports were drawn from the incident database of the Philadelphia Police Department for 2006, 2007 and 2008. Violent crime here is defined as homicide, aggravated assault, and robberies not occurring indoors. Incidents were weighted so crimes from 2008 counted 1.0, 2007 crimes counted 0.5, and 2006 crime events counted 0.25. In this way, more recent events had greater relevance in the creation of the target locations for 2009, but summary values retained a portion of the long-term hotspot component.
Open Loop Position Control of Soft Hydraulic Actuators for Minimally Invasive Surgery

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) presents many constraints on the design of robotic devices that can assist medical staff with a procedure. The limitations of conventional, rigid robotic devices have sparked interest in soft robotic devices for medical applications. However, problems still remain with the force exertion and positioning capabilities of soft robotic actuators, in conjunction with size restrictions necessary for MIS. In this article we present hydraulically actuated soft actuators that demonstrate highly repeatable open loop positioning and the ability to exert significant forces in the context of MIS. Open loop position control is achieved by changing the actuator volume, which causes contraction. In one degree of freedom (DOF) configurations, root mean square error (RMSE) values of 0.471 mm, 1.506 mm, and 0.350 mm were recorded for a single actuator against gravity, a single actuator with a pulley, and a horizontal antagonistic configuration, respectively. Hysteresis values of 0.711 mm, 0.958 mm, and 0.515 mm were reported in these experiments. In addition, different numbers of soft actuators were used in configurations two and three DOFs to demonstrate position control. When deactivated, the soft actuators are low-profile and flexible as they are constructed from thin films. As such, a robot with a deployable structure and three soft actuators was constructed. The robot is therefore able to reversibly transition from low to high volume and stiffness, which has potential applications in MIS. A user successfully controlled the deployable robot in a circle tracing task.
Evaluation of Aqueous Extract of Berberis Integerrima Root on the Testis Tissue and Testosterone Levels in Stereptozotocine (STZ) Induced Diabetic Rats

Methods: In this study, 40 male rats were divided into 5 groups as follows: 1Control group (N), 2Normal +barberry (N+B), group 3Diabetic group (D) received Stereptozotocine (65 mg/kg bw, i.p.), 4Diabetic+barberry group, 5Diabetic+glibenclamide (0.6 mg/kg bw) group. The treatment groups daily received Barberry root extract (500 mg/kg bw) or glibenclamide intra gastric by gavage for 6 weeks, and the experimental period for each rat were 6 weeks. After finishing the treatment period, the animals were anesthetized and their testes were removed and transferred to 10% formalin. After fixing the samples, tissue sectioning, and staining by H & E technique, histological studies were performed by an optical microscope. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test was used for analysis of the data. The Statistical significance level was considered p<0.05.
Cluster consensus for coupled harmonic oscillators under a weighted cooperative-competitive network

Cluster consensus is investigated for multiple coupled harmonic oscillators under a weighted cooperative-competitive network. Consensus protocols for three categories of communication networks are constructed by employing a weighted gain, and sufficient conditions for guaranteeing cluster consensus are obtained. It is found that under the proposed protocols, the states of all oscillators can be guaranteed to reach periodic orbits that are the same in frequency no matter which cluster the oscillators belong to. In particular, cluster partitions here are not given a prior, but are determined by the communication topology among oscillators. Numerical examples are given to validate the effectiveness of theoretical results.
Simulating organ biomass variability and carbohydrate distribution in perennial fruit crops: a comparison between the common assimilate pool and phloem carbohydrate transport models

Variability in fruit quality greatly impedes the profitability of an orchard. Modelling can help find the causes of quality variability. However, studies suggest that the common assimilate pool model is inadequate in terms of describing variability in organ biomass. The aim of the current study was to compare the performances of the common assimilate pool and phloem carbohydrate transport models in simulating phloem carbohydrate concentration and organ biomass variability within the whole-plant functional-structural grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) model that we developed previously. A statistical approach was developed for calibrating the model with a detailed potted experiment that entails three levels of leaf area per vine during the fruit ripening period. Global sensitivity analysis illustrated that carbohydrate allocation changed with the amount of leaf area as well as the limiting factors for organ biomass development. Under a homogenous canopy architecture where all grape bunches were equally close to the carbohydrate sources, the common assimilate pool and phloem transport models produced very similar results. However, under a heterogeneous canopy architecture with variable distance between bunches and carbohydrate sources, the coefficient of variation for fruit biomass rose from 0.01 to 0.17 as crop load increased. These results indicate that carbohydrate allocation to fruits is affected by both the size of crop load and fruit distribution, which is not adequately described by the common assimilate pool model. The new grapevine model can also simulate dynamic canopy growth and be adapted to help optimise canopy architecture and quality variability of other perennial fruit crops.
Development and analysis of a novel biomechanical model for seated occupants

Seated occupants may experience discomfort or meet with injuries if the vertical vibration frequency lies in the range of 4–20 Hz. To examine the effect of vibration on seated occupants, it is necessary to develop a biomechanical model that can precisely predict the biodynamic responses (seat to head transmissibility, driving point mechanical impedance, and apparent mass) of a real human. In the past, none of the studies segregated the human body mass into bones and muscles mass that have distinct mechanical properties. In this article, the work is carried out in four steps: first, development of a novel 8-dofs biomechanical model by considering both bone and muscle masses; second, development of all the feasible configurations of 8-dofs model followed by identification and optimization of model parameters with firefly algorithm (FA); third, calibration of all the feasible models as per the standards of biodynamics and selection of best four models; and fourth, comparison of biodynamic responses of best four models with experimental responses and past developed models. The goodness of fit of a seat to head transmissibility, driving point mechanical impedance, and apparent mass for the best model is obtained 0.986, 0.976, and 0.956, respectively.
Change in Juvenile Offending Versatility Predicted by Individual, Familial, and Environmental Risks

Developmental and life-course criminology elucidate the developmental course and change of antisociality over time, considering that longitudinal trajectories differ. Specific relations between risks and different antisociality outcomes are emphasized. We assume that adolescents have different longitudinal trajectories considering the change of offending over time and that risks contribute variably to offending pathways. The current study is based on a German research project in which adolescents (N = 577) were interviewed in two German cities. Based on self-reported crime data, we utilized the slope values of offending versatility (OV) over time as outcome values in regression mixture models capturing the trends for participants over age and exhibiting two components of offending adolescents. We explored the contribution of different risks to OV, defining specific risk patterns: Acceptance of violence and peer delinquency have significant negative effects on the emergence of OV within the group of adolescents with decreasing OV. Acceptance of violence has a significant negative effect, and corporal punishment has a significant positive effect on the emergence of OV within the group of adolescents with increasing or rather stable OV. The results underline the relevance of the violence-related risk factor corporal punishment for the emergence of OV within the last-mentioned group.