Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ecosystem properties of acid grasslands along a gradient of nitrogen deposition

Sixty-eight randomly selected grasslands belonging to the National Vegetation Classification group U4 ( Festuca ovina-Agrostis capillaris-Galium saxatile grassland) were studied during the summers of 2002 and 2003 along a gradient of atmospheric N deposition ranging from 6 to 36 kg N ha -1 yr -1 to investigate potential damage caused by acidification and eutrophication. At each site vegetation was surveyed and samples were taken from the topsoil and subsoil. Above-ground plant material was collected from three species: Agrostis capillaris, Galium saxatile and Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus . Species richness showed a negative linear trend with N deposition, with a reduction of 1 species for every 2.5 kg N ha -1 yr -1 . At the current mean N deposition in Europe this gave a reduction in species richness of 23% from a projected pristine condition. Forbs accounted for the majority of this decline, showing reductions in both cover and abundance along the N-deposition gradient. Grasses showed a decrease in species richness, but an increase in cover, indicating increased dominance of a few species. Using canonical correspondence analysis, several individual species were identified as being positively and negatively associated with N deposition. Soil pH declined along the N-deposition gradient. This was also associated with increased mobilisation of aluminium, arsenic and lead. Nitrate concentration in the soil did not increase with increasing N inputs, possibly due to rapid plant uptake and its mobility in the soil profile. Soil extractable ammonium concentration showed a significant positive correlation with N inputs. A weak relationship was also identified between the C:N ratio in the soil and N inputs. Potential ammonium mineralization showed considerable variation across the sites. There was no correlation between aboveground tissue Nand N deposition for any of the three species examined. A weak correlation was identified between tissue N and soil C:N for G. saxatile . Tissue N:P ratios gave no clear indication of nutrient limitation. The relative merits of different indicators of N-deposition are discussed.
FINANCIAL CONTROLLING STATUS AND POTENTIAL IN MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES OF TUZLA CANTON, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

The paper focuses on financial controlling in the role of improving business performances of medium-sized enterprises in the Tuzla Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina, active in manufacturing, trade, transport and storage, construction, etc. All the processes accompanying these activities are significantly faster and do not run in a classical way, which is why the management system nowadays requires that information requested within plan, analysis, and control run simultaneously. It is emphasized that financial controlling is important as it provides the necessary coordination and outgoing information for the management of a medium-sized enterprise. The authors also researched and identified unique common indicators used for determining and establishing financial controlling in medium-sized enterprises in the Tuzla Canton, analyzed the obtained results, and identified mutual dependence of financial controlling and performances of medium-sized enterprises. The conducted research points to the basic conclusion that the function (department) of financial controlling in modern organization of medium-sized enterprise is needed and has a positive effect. The authors therefore confirmed the hypothesis that financial controlling, if properly implemented in practice at the level of medium-sized enterprise, gives efficient results.
ICU: Präoxygenierung vor Intubation bei Patienten mit Lungenversagen

Die endotracheale Intubation von Patienten mit hypoxischer Lungenschädigung in Notfallsituationen (Intensivstation, Notfallzentrum, Notarzteinsatz) ist trotz Präoxygenierung mit einem hohen Hypoxämierisiko assoziiert. Erste Studien lassen vermuten, dass dieses durch eine nasale „High-Flow“-Sauerstoffgabe reduziert werden kann. Frat und Kollegen haben daher eine prospektive klinische Untersuchung durchgeführt, und diese Behandlungsstrategie mit der Methode der nicht-invasiven Beatmung verglichen.
Physiological Determinants of Load Bearing Capacity

Abstract : This study identifies some of the physiological determinants of load bearing capacity. Although it is reasonable to assume that maximal aerobic capacity (VO2) is an important determinant of load bearing ability, research implicating the importance of muscular strength and endurance of the lower extremities in load bearing activity has not been reported. To address this deficiency, 49 infantrymen were measured for: 1) aerobic capacity, 2) muscular strength of the quadriceps and hamstrings 3) muscular endurance of the quadriceps and hamstrings and 4) body composition. following these measures, the infantrymen made a maximal effort 10-mile road march with battle dress dress equipment. These data suggest that hamstring muscle strength may be an important determinanat of prolonged load bearing performance. Further research may elucidate the degree to which aerobic capacity, muscle strength, and other physiological variables independently and/or interactively influence load bearing capacity.
Total and High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio is Associated With Metabolic Syndrome Among Very Elderly in Chengdu, China

Backgroundmetabolic syndrome (MetS) is currently a major public health challenge worldwide. This study was to investigate the potential association between total and high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (THR) and MetS in very elderly population in Chengdu. Methodstotally 1056 very elderly (aged ≥ 80 years ) in Chengdu community were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Geographic characteristics of participants were collected and laboratory measurement were performed. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was defined according to Chinese and international diabetes federation (IDF) criteria respectively. Logistic analysis was used to investigate the potential association between THR and MetS. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the efficiency of THR in predicting MetS. ResultsFinally 1038 participants were included in statistical analysis. The mean age was 83.6±3.4 years and 52.6% was men and 21.6% of which suffered from MetS. Participants with MetS had relatively higher waist circumference, body weight, blood pressure, fast plasma glucose, non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol and THR. The logistic analysis revealed that THR was associated with MetS according to both Chinese (odds ratio(OR): 3.053, 95% confidence interval(CI): 2.464-3.782, P<0.001) and IDF criteria (OR: 2.458, 95%CI: 2.016-2.995, P<0.001). And the ROC analysis found that the area under curve of THR was 0.800 (95%CI: 0.749-0.852, P<0.001) and 0.727 (95%CI: 0.669-0.786, P<0.001) for predicting MetS according to Chinese and IDF criteria, respectively.ConclusionsTHR is associated with MetS in this community very elderly population in Chengdu.
Reframing Public Spaces: from Recreational Amenity to Civic Good in Resilient Cities. COVID-19 Offers an Opportunity to Re-evaluate Neighbourhood Spaces to Ensure they are Available to All

Cities emerging from the pandemic increasingly recognize that public spaces are a critical element of resilience, not merely recreational amenities. Future public spaces must be designed to accommodate more diverse and distanced activities, and may even change function entirely during public health emergencies. The need for informal public spaces has also become apparent, and cities can benefit from identifying them as resources and integrating them into land-use plans. Parks, sidewalks and cycling paths can be justified as investments in resilience and survivability and quickly expanded. Their provision must be viewed through the lens of social and spatial equity: in many cities, not every person or community has convenient access to these critical public goods. Planners must go beyond metrics on the mere availability or density of public spaces, and delve deeper to assess the quality of spaces, and the ability of different demographic groups to reach them. Historic neighbourhoods that developed organically offer useful inspiration when designing for equitable access and daily convenience, and can also accommodate the dispersal of jobs away from central business districts. Efforts to develop decentralised, “complete” neighbourhoods can be a boon for adaptive reuse, public space provision, and greater variety of work settings, while public areas of civic buildings can be re-imagined as nodes of collaboration in a knowledge-based economy. Beyond building infrastructure, maintaining lively and welcoming public spaces requires empathy, respect for the commons, and care for fellow human beings. Physical spaces in a city can only be fully and genuinely “public” if they are safe, and open to everyone, regardless of age, language, identity, sexual orientation or ability. As cities undertake revitalization efforts following the pandemic, they must strive to ensure such places are available to all.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMITIGASI FINANCIAL DISTRESS PADA PERUSAHAAN PERTAMBANGAN

Gross export growths in the mining sector have experienced negatively for the last few years. One of the negative impact is the reduce of revenue generated in the mining sector causing some companies gain negative profit that can trigger financial distress. This research goal is to know the effect of liquidity, activity, growth, board of directors, and audit committee give impact to the financial distress in the mining companies that listed on IDX in the period of 2011-2016. The research sample was collected by purposive sampling method in order to obtain 24 companies. Logistic regression analysis is also used to be the method of this research. The results showed that liquidity, activity, growth, board of directors and audit committee have simultaneous significant effect, but at the same time, liquidity and activities have partial significant effect to the condition of financial distress.
Remote Work as a Trend of Time: Results of Mass Testing

Purpose: is to study the experience of mass implementation of remote work (telecommuting) in Russian companies during the isolation regime caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, to assess the opportunities for further development of this type of labor relations and emerging trends in the labor market.Methods: to accomplish the research tasks, universal general scientific methods are used: analysis, synthesis, abstraction, generalization, analogy, comparison, forecasting. The paper uses secondary analysis and interpretation of applied research data related to remote work issues. Also in the study the elements of statistical and structural-functional analysis are used. Results: we have studied the research conducted during the pandemic in relation to the opinions of employers and staff of Russian organizations about the experience of remote work. This made it possible to identify groups of its negative and positive factors. The main problem for everyone was the shortcomings of the organization of the remote work process, which affected the efficiency of labor. The main advantage was the economic benefits of the remote format. According to experts, today Russians have an interest and sufficient readiness for remote work. This is confirmed by the identified characteristics of the domestic labor force and data on the level of their digital literacy. However, on the part of employers, the continuation of this practice raises a considerable number of questions. Their problems are caused by a whole list of organizational factors that can neutralize the positive effect of the introduction of a new type of labor relations. At the same time, experts expect to increase the use of remote work in Russia, as well as expanding the scope of its application. The reviewed foreign experience shows a number of very successful examples of remote activities of English-speaking companies. International research reports predict a further increase in the spread of remote work. This will affect even those countries of the world where remote work was not widespread before the crisis.Conclusions and Relevance: despite the advantages and disadvantages, the practice obtained during the isolation regime revealed the potential of remote work and played a role of a catalyst in the development of this format of labor relations in Russia. Among the main trends emerging in the labor market are: improving the legal framework of remote labor relations, developing forms of remote work and labor management, applying it in new areas of activity and increasing the staff of companies working remotely.
Simultaneous nipple reconstruction in autologous breast reconstruction.

Background Reconstruction of the nipple-areola complex is the final step in surgical restoration of the breast. Nipple-areola reconstruction was previously done after an interval of several months using variable techniques, often resulting in low projection and flattened breast mound over time. We present algorithm of simultaneous nipple reconstruction (SNR) that leaves adequate residual projection and naturally shaped breast mound. Methods Forty patients underwent a skin-sparing mastectomy and nipple excision between October 2016 and December 2020. In the control group, 21 patients underwent delayed nipple reconstruction for 6 months after breast reconstruction. The experimental group of 19 patients underwent nipple and breast reconstruction simultaneously. We collected relevant information and photographs of nipple profiles of both groups in the preoperative, postoperative 6-month, and postoperative 1-year time periods. We also examined the ratio between the reconstructed and contralateral nipples. Results Scores regarding patient satisfaction questionnaire averaged higher in experimental groups to every category. The control group's scores gradually declined over time and the experimental group showed lesser decline. At the 1-year postoperative follow-up, the mean projection of the immediately reconstructed nipple was approximately the same as the contralateral nipple at 91%, whereas the delayed reconstructed nipple resulted in a 77% ratio. Conclusions Nipple reconstruction should no longer be considered as a secondary complement to immediate breast reconstruction. The nipple appears to be essential component of breast reconstruction for patient. SNR with immediate breast reconstruction is a simple and reliable technique, giving stable aesthetic results over time.
The Burden of Antibiotic Resistance: Casual Social and Structural Factors

Antibiotic resistance has become a global burden, affecting both highly developed and less developed countries. Resistance results in increased morbidity and mortality, especially in children under five. The principles of resistance are understood biologically but the social and structural factors that perpetuate it are far more complex and integrated on an individual, household and community level. The solution to combat resistance thus must be more than the continuous development and production of new antibiotics, which is quickly transitioning from a solution to a causal factor, and instead target behaviors and systems that promote resistance. This thesis investigates the causal social and structural factors of antibiotic resistance in the Andean Region of South America; geographically diverse though with limited research conducted on remote and rural communities. The main factors discussed within pertain to those that if enhanced or corrected, would begin to decrease the probability or minimize the spread of antibiotic resistance including sanitation and agricultural practice, strong community leadership in education, and improved communication and modes of surveillance.
Microfabrication Techniques for Plastic Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS)

Abstract : This report presents research and development of new micromachining techniques and fabrication technologies for the construction of plastic MEMS devices. Plastic MEMS are of major importance in the implementation of miniature chemical reaction systems, such as DNA diagnostic, bacteriophage, and other bio-assays chips. Further, because of their low temperature construction, plastic MEMS devices can be integrated with conventional electronic circuits easily and inexpensively. Three main technology directions were conducted. First, technology developments for implementing plastic microsystems using both surface and bulk micromachining techniques were investigated. Surface micromachining techniques include deposition of thin and thick polymer films using vacuum and spin-casting techniques. Bulk micromachining of plastics is used for creating a viable technology for system substrates. Bulk micromachining techniques include injection molding, embossing, casting, bonding and lamination. Secondly, the integration of surface and bulk micromachining technologies leads to a robust technology for creating complete plastic microsystems. The third development direction was in the implementation of the aforementioned developed plastic micromachining technologies as several demonstration devices including microactuators, microvalves, a micropump, a microdevice for polymerase chain reactions (PCR), a capillary electrophoresis (CE) microdevice for DNA separations, and devices for patterning protein doped conductive polymers using laminar flows.
APPLICATION FRAMEWORKS, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, AND INTERMODAL SURFACE TRANSPORTATION EFFICIENCY ACT

Numerous problems traditionally exist in translating engineering models into usable software systems. The high-level logic of the model is often compromised or confused by the low-level programming logic. The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) has established the need for six information management systems, the requirements for which may serve to magnify these problems. An approach to solving these problems involving application frameworks is presented. This approach promises to empower engineers and decision makers by relieving the constraints imposed by traditional software development practices. Application frameworks appropriately place the emphasis of software system development on engineering modeling rather than on details of programming. A 6-year U.S. Department of Defense logistics management program that provides evidence of the viability of application frameworks is described. General recommendations for ISTEA information systems are provided.
Effect of sertraline and fluoxetine on the reproductive abilities of male rats Rattus norvegicus

The present study was designed to know the effect of sertraline and fluoxetine on the reproductive abilities of male rats. The experiment consisted of five groups (each group contains of 5 males), the first (control) group was injected (I.P) with 0.25ml of normal saline, the second group was injected with sertraline (10 mg / kg), the third group was injected with sertraline (20 mg / kg), the fourth group was injected with fluoxetine (5 mg / kg) and the fifth group was injected with fluoxetine (10 mg / kg). The results showed a significant decrease (P≤0.05) in the number of sperms and in the level of testosterone hormone and a significant increase (P≤0.05) in the percentage of sperm deformities in all treated groups when compared with control group. The histologically examination showed that there was changes in the testis including the dissociation of the connective tissue in second and fifth groups, decrease in the number of spermatgonia, and Leydig cells, bloody congestion in third and fifth groups, hemorrhage and necrosis in forth group.
A Study on Facebook Advertisement Strategies: Facebook Wall Posts Promote Higher Response than Private Messages

Facebook's information page currently states, " People spend over 700 billion minutes per month on Facebook " (Facebook info). With a growing impact of Facebook in today's social world, it has become a prominent tool for advertisement and exposing promotional messages such as party invitations, event listings, concerts, questionnaires, and so on. Facebook equips college students with the tools to send a survey to a large number of their Facebook friends efficiently and cost free. It provides entrepreneurs with a rich environment to spread a business idea or attract customers to their online website or offline office. It allows promoters to publicize an event or product to hundreds of people with the ease of one click. Facebook's other unique features include people's ability to post or message various types of media to their friends including videos, links, photos, and so on. When sending a message or creating an event, Facebook is designed to allow the sender to pick and choose what people they'd like to send the message to. For example, when creating an event, the Facebook user can filter all of their Facebook friends by where they live or what school they attend. This is extremely useful for a college student sending a survey solely to Cal Poly students or residents of Los Osos. Overall, Facebook enables users to customize messages, select a target audience, use all forms of media, and gives the option of making these messages private or public. Due to the " billions of minutes a month " Facebook users spend on the site, combined with more than 800 million people actively participating on the site, it is a great place to introduce, expose, or suggest a product/service/idea from a specific audience. In this new and thriving social networking atmosphere, there are multiple avenues a student, entrepreneur, or promoter can suggest their product/service/idea to an audience. These avenues include Facebook Ads, Creating an Event and Inviting Facebook friends, Wall Posting, and sending Private Messages. Out of all of these options, Park 2 private messages and wall posts are the most commonly used, cost-free, and versatile avenues of Facebook advertising. Private messages are the only unpublicized messages on Facebook not including Facebook chat. They are mainly used as a personal resource for romantic flings, personal content, and so on. Wall posts, on the other hand, are public. To wall post, one has to go to their target …
A Probabilistic and Deterministic based Defect Prediction through Defect Association Learning in Software Development

Software development is a multitasking activity by an individual or group of team. Every one activity engages diverse tasks and complication. To accomplish quality improvement, it is essential to make every activity task free of defects. But locating and correcting defects is more expensive and time-intense. In the past, many potential methods have been used to predict potential drawbacks in the program based on the theory of probability facts. Because the probability method applies a random variable and probability distributions to find a solution, the result is always in a possible range that can be true at some time or may also be wrong. Therefore, an additional calculation method coupled with the probability of making it more accurate and new in predicting the defect of the program. In this paper, we propose a Probabilistic and Deterministic based Defect Prediction (PD-DP) through Defect Association Learning (DAL). The PD-DP implements a Probability association method (PAM) and Deterministic association method (DAM) to predict the software defect accurately in software development. The experimental evaluation of the PP-DP in compare to existing prediction methods shows enhancement in prediction accuracy
Decoding Reality: The Universe as Quantum Information

PROLOGUE 1. Creation Ex Nihilo: something from nothing 2. Information for all seasons PART I 3. Back to basics: bits and pieces 4. Digital romance: life is a four-letter word 5. Murphy's Law: I knew this would happen to me 6. Place your bets: in it to win it 7. Social informatics: get connected or die tryin' PART II 8. Quantum schmuntum: lights, camera, action! 9. Surfing the waves: hyper-fast computers 10. Children of the aimless chance: randomness versus determinism PART III 11. Sand reckoning: whose information is it, anyway? 12. Destruction ab toto: the darkness of reality Epilogue Bibliography