Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phytosociology and community boundaries of the British heath formation

A review of phytosociological techniques, including the Zurich-Montipellier (Z-M) system. Association analysis and Simple ordination is made, using a standard data set. The complementary nature of the results obtained is noted. As classification erects divisions and boundaries in a data set, and the prime method used in the analysis of Heath vegetation is classificatory, evidence for the prescence of ' real' vegetation boundaries is presented, together with a discussion of their nature and function. Heathland vegetation in Britain has been classified using the Z-M phytosociological system, and four main types have been distinguished, which are equated with alliances at present in use in Europe. These are; Erica cinerea Heath: Ulicion nanae (Duvigud, 1944)em. Van den Bergen. Calluna vulgaris Heath: Calluno-Genisition pilosae (Duvignd, 1944) Vaccinium myrtillus Heath: Llyrtillion bore ale (Bocher, 1943). Erica tetralix Heath: Ericion tetralicis (Schuick, 1933). The first three are typical of Dry heaths, whereas the fourth indicates wet heath. A phytogeographical analysis of the Heath vegetation gives further validity to these four types, indicating the dependence of the three dry 'Heaths' on species which are geographically restricted. Use of the Z-M system and some other techniques to indicate the nature of recent vegetation in areas now urbanised or agriculturalised is made, using South Gloucestershire as such an area.
Distributed Multi-Robot Exploration

This dissertation introduces the DisCoverage paradigm. DisCoverage describes a novel scheme for distributed multi-robot exploration. The objective of the multi-robot exploration problem is to explore and map an a priori unknown environment as quick as possible with a group of autonomous robots. DisCoverage solves this problem through effective coordination of the group, such that the robots simultaneously explore different parts of the environment. In contrast to existing approaches, DisCoverage provides a distributed solution to the multi-robot exploration problem: Robots communicate and exchange data only with robots in the respective neighborhood, such that no central coordinating unit is required. As a result, the local data exchange among the robots allows the group to globally act as one team, facilitating robust and efficient exploration of the entire environment.
Regional analysis assessment of landslide hazard and zoning map for transmission line route selection using GIS

The stability of ground as foundation for infrastructure development is always associated with geology and geomorphology aspects. Failure to carefully analyze these aspects may induce ground instability such subsidence and landslide which eventually can cause catastrophe to the infrastructure i.e. instability of transmission tower. However, in some cases such as the study area this is unavoidable. A GIS system for analysis of route was favoured to perform optimal route predictions based selection by incorporating multiple influence factors into its analysis by incorporating the Landslide Hazard Map (LHM) that was produced on basis of slope map, aspect map, land use map and geological map with the help of ArcGIS using weighted overlay method. Based on LHM it is safe to conclude that the proposed route for Ulu Jelai- Neggiri-Lebir-LILO transmission line has very low risk in term of landslides.
Association of Parental Stroke With Brain Injury and Cognitive Measures in Offspring: The Framingham Heart Study

Background and Purpose— Parental stroke has been related to an increased risk of stroke in the offspring. This study examines whether parental stroke is also associated with increased vascular brain injury and poorer cognitive performance among offspring free of clinical stroke. Methods— Multivariable regression analyses were used to relate parental stroke to cross-sectional and change in brain magnetic resonance imaging measures and cognitive function among the offspring, with and without adjustment for vascular risk factors. Results— Stroke- and dementia-free Framingham Offspring (n=1297, age, 61±9 years, 54% women) were studied. Parental stroke by age 65 years was associated with a higher baseline white matter hyperintensity volume (&bgr;=0.17±0.08; P=0.027) and with lower visual memory performance (&bgr;= −0.80±0.34; P=0.017). During a 6-year follow-up, parental stroke was also associated with increase in white matter hyperintensity volume (odds ratio [OR], 1.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–3.38) and decline in executive function (Trails B–A; OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.06–3.09). The associations with white matter hyperintensity volume and visual memory attenuated after additional adjustment for concomitant vascular risk factors. Conclusions— Parental stroke by age 65 years is associated with increased vascular brain injury and lower memory in offspring equivalent to 3 and 7 years of brain aging, respectively. This may be partly attributed to inheritance of vascular risk factors.
Petrography and Geochemistry of Holocene Sands in the Western Gulf of Mexico: Implications for Provenance and Tectonic Setting

ABSTRACT Petrographic and geochemical analysis of recent fluvial, beach, and dune sediments derived from the same source terrane was carried out in the western Gulf of Mexico to show the usefulness of the these three environments in determining the tectonic setting of the source. Petrographic analysis showed that dunes concentrate the less heavy minerals and quartz grains by means of the selectiveness of the wind as a transport agent. In contrast, the heavier grains, such as the rock fragments remain in the beach and fluvial environments because of the high transport energy. Beach and dune sands do not define a particular tectonic setting because of the selective wind action of the backshore of the beach and the dune environments and the less intense chemical weathering. The fluvial sands are the most representative in terms of interpretation of tectonic setting because they reflect the volcanic domain of the source rocks of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. The geochemical results of all three sedimentary environments reflect the calcalkaline character of the igneous source rocks of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. The samples fall in a continental island-arc-margin field with basaltic and andesitic source rocks. A correlation and factor analysis indicates an alkali-basalt source that contributes to the composition of the beach, dune, and fluvial sediments. The geochemical analysis of the sediments more accurately reflects the tectonic setting regardless of the depositional setting of the sediments.
LA HUELLA ECOLÓGICA CORPORATIVA: CONCEPTO Y APLICACIÓN A DOS EMPRESAS PESQUERAS DE GALICIA 1

The ecological footprint (EF) is a sustainability indicator which provides a referential framework for the analysis of human demand for bioproductivity, including energy issues. Even though footprint analysis was mainly thought from a territory point of view, it can be also applied to companies and, in general, organizations. In this paper, we develop a general description of the indicator, pointing out its objectives and calculation method. In addition, footprint's strengths and weaknesses are also stated. We also remark the particularities of organization's footprints, applying the indicator to two Galician fis- hing companies. Results show important differences between the studied companies, being able to identify energy and fish feed consumptions as the main responsible of both the EF and the dif- ferences between companies. Keywords: Sustainability / Ecological fooptrint / Companies / Fishing activities.
MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS E SEUS EFEITOS SOBRE A DISPONIBILIDADE DE RECURSOS HÍDRICOS

Contemporaneamente, a disponibilidade de recursos hidricos tem se mostrado uma tematica relevante em todo o mundo, tendo-se em vista que este recurso tem sido deteriorado em quantidade e, principalmente, em qualidade. Afora a negligencia humana sobre os recursos hidricos, tem-se, ainda, as mudancas climaticas como um “vilao” que ameaca a seguranca hidrica no mundo. Apesar de existirem incertezas sobre as mudancas climaticas, torna-se notavel que as variacoes climaticas ja pronunciam um arduo futuro para os recursos hidricos e para as sociedades que dependem essencialmente deste recurso natural para sobreviver. Diante deste exposto, o presente trabalho buscara, a partir de fundamentos teoricos, analisar a correlacao existente entre as mudancas climaticas e a disponibilidade de agua, tendo como meta principal, pronunciar conhecimentos sobre a realidade atual em que se encontra a problematica social, ambiental e economica que envolve a relacao do vies das mudancas climaticas e o rol do “stress hidrico”. Por fim, sabe-se que e de suma importância prover conhecimentos sobre o clima e suas possiveis mudancas, para que se possa definir politicas socioambientais de gerenciamento de agua afim de garantir um futuro hidrico sustentavel.
Laboratory‐determined permeability of cores from the Kola Superdeep Well, USSR

We have conducted constant flow-rate permeability measurements on three core samples taken from the 12-km-deep well on the Kola Peninsula, USSR. All cores are from 11.4– 2.0 km depth. Pore pressures, Pp, used in these permeability measurements ranged from 112–117 MPa. Measurements were performed at effective confining pressures (Peff=pc-Pp) ranging from 10 to 400 MPa. The resulting permeabilities varied from approximately 2.5 × 10−17 m2 (25 μDa) at a Peff of 10 MPa to 1 × 10−22 m2 (0.1 nDa) at a Peff of 300 MPa. The unusual sensitivity of permeability to Peff exhibited by these samples is most likely the result of severe stress-relief crack damage that occurred during coring and sample retrieval. This strong pressure dependence underscores the importance of measuring permeability at in situ pressures to obtain meaningful bounds on in situ matrix permeabilities in this well. In an attempt to infer closure pressure of these stress-relief cracks, and provide estimates of in situ Peff, we have analyzed the pressure dependence of permeability, resistivity and crack porosity. By applying an equivalent-channel-model analysis, these data appear consistent with either an in situ pore pressure exceeding the hydrostat by as much as 100 MPa or a hydrostatic Pp and sub-lithostatic in situ vertical stress. In either case, if this closure pressure accurately reflects the in situ confining pressure, then an upper bound on in situ matrix permeabilities would be 1 × 10−20 to 2 × 10−19 m2 for the samples studied.
Comment on: A systematic overview of prospective cohort studies of cardiovascular disease in sub-Saharan Africa

It was with interest that I read the article titled 'A systematic overview of prospective cohort studies of cardiovascular disease in sub-Saharan Africa' by Andre Pascal Kengne, et al., which was published recently in this journal. In this excellent article, the author introduced the association between cardiovascular diseases and related risk factors by performing a systematic review. However, we feel the article did not cover all aspects of the relationship between cardiovascular disease and related risk factors.
A Review of the Nature of Magmatism in Central Anatolia during the Mesozoic Post-Collisional Period

Magmatism in central Anatolia is characterized by petrographically and chemically distinct granitic and syenitic rocks. The granitic magmatism comprises C-type (crustal-derived) and H-type (hybrid) monzogranites and monzonites. Garnet-bearing C-type leucogranites represent the oldest magmatic phase, but younger hornblende ± biotite ± K-feldspar H-type plutons dominate the geology of the Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex (CACC). These typically include mafic microgranular enclaves. The granitic magmatism predates syenitic intrusions, among which quartz-bearing syenites were emplaced prior to feldspathoid-bearing ones. The nature of magmatism in central Anatolia varies through time from peraluminous to metaluminous to alkaline. These different magma types reflect distinct stages of postcollisional magmatism, in which interaction between crust and mantle varied considerably. The C-type granites of the early stages of postcollisional magmatism were likely derived by partial melting of the lower continental crust induced by mafic magma underplating as a result of lithospheric delamination. The H-type granites and syenites of the mature and advanced stages of postcollisional magmatism indicate a significant contribution from mande-derived magma within a continuous or episodic extensional tectonic regime.
The Praise and Price of Pokémon GO: A Qualitative Study of Children’s and Parents’ Experiences (e1)

Background: Smoking rates in the United States have been reduced in the past decades to 15% of the general population. However, up to 88% of people with psychiatric symptoms still smoke, leading to high rates of disease and mortality. Therefore, there is a great need to develop smoking cessation interventions that have adequate levels of usability and can reach this population. Objective: The objective of this study was to report the rationale, ideation, design, user research, and final specifications of a novel smoking cessation app for people with serious mental illness (SMI) that will be tested in a feasibility trial. Methods: We used a variety of user-centered design methods and materials to develop the tailored smoking cessation app. This included expert panel guidance, a set of design principles and theory-based smoking cessation content, development of personas and paper prototyping, usability testing of the app prototype, establishment of app’s core vision and design specification, and collaboration with a software development company. Results: We developed Learn to Quit, a smoking cessation app designed and tailored to individuals with SMI that incorporates the following: (1) evidence-based smoking cessation content from Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and US Clinical Practice Guidelines for smoking cessation aimed at providing skills for quitting while addressing mental health symptoms, (2) a set of behavioral principles to increase retention and comprehension of smoking cessation content, (3) a gamification component to encourage and sustain app engagement during a 14-day period, (4) an app structure and layout designed to minimize usability errors in people with SMI, and (5) a set of stories and visuals that communicate smoking cessation concepts and skills in simple terms. Conclusions: Despite its increasing importance, the design and development of mHealth technology is typically underreported, hampering scientific innovation. This report describes the systematic development of the first smoking cessation app tailored to people with SMI, a population with very high rates of nicotine addiction, and offers new design strategies to engage this population. mHealth developers in smoking cessation and related fields could benefit from a design strategy that capitalizes on the role visual engagement, storytelling, and the systematic application of behavior analytic principles to deliver evidence-based content. (JMIR Serious Games 2018;6(1):e2) doi:10.2196/games.8881
Violent video games exposure and aggression: The role of moral disengagement, anger, hostility, and disinhibition

Abstract Based on the General Aggression Model (GAM), the current study investigated the interactive effect of personal factors (e.g., sensation‐seeking) and situational factors (e.g., violent video games exposure [VVGE]) on the trait aggressive behavior, and the mediating role of individual difference trait (e.g., moral disengagement, anger, and hostility). We recruited 547 undergraduates (48.45% male) from five Chinese universities. The results showed that VVGE was positively associated with moral disengagement, disinhibition, and the four aggressive traits (physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, and hostility), which were positively associated with each other. Moral disengagement was positively associated with both the disinhibition and the four aggressive traits. Disinhibition was positively associated with the four aggressive traits as well. When controlled for gender, moral disengagement, anger, and hostility wholly mediated the relationship between VVGE and aggression, but the moderation effect of disinhibition was not significant. These findings support the framework of GAM and indicate that moral disengagement, anger, and hostility may be the factors that increase the risk of a higher level of aggression following repeated exposure to violent video games.
Design and synthesis of new lupeol derivatives and their α-glucosidase inhibitory and cytotoxic activities

Abstract A series of lupeol derivatives 2, 2a-2f, 2a-2h, 3a-3e, and 4a-4b were designed, synthesised and evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory and cytotoxic activities. Among synthetic derivatives, lupeol analogues 2b and 2e containing a benzylidene chain exhibited the best activity against α-glucosidase and superior to the positive agent with the IC50 values of 29.4 ± 1.33 and 20.1 ± 0.91 μM, respectively. Lupeol analogues 2d and 3a showed weak cytotoxicity against K562 cell line with the IC50 values of 76.6 ± 2.40 and 94.4 ± 1.51 μM, respectively. Graphical Abstract
Large‐scale atmospheric circulation and global sea surface temperature associations with Horn of Africa June–September rainfall

This study uses correlation, regression, and composite analyses for the period 1970–1999 to explore the relationships between the June–September rainfall in the Horn of Africa (especially Ethiopian) and large‐scale regional atmospheric circulation patterns across Africa and the Atlantic and Indian Oceans, and global sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies. Abundant rainfall in the Horn of Africa is associated with enhanced westerlies across western and central Africa. These westerlies are produced by a stronger north‐east directed mean sea level pressure (MSLP) gradient resulting from MSLP intensification over the Gulf of Guinea and deepening of the monsoon trough across the Arabian Peninsula. This is reflected by a strong correlation (−0.71) between 5‐day (pentad) Ethiopian rainfall and the Gulf of Guinea minus the Arabian Peninsula MSLP difference. This correlation decreases to − 0.39 when the seasonal cycles are removed from both time series. A wet Horn of Africa monsoon is also associated with deep moist air extending up to mid‐troposphere and large water vapour transport convergence across much of Ethiopia, a strong Somali low‐level jet, and a strong tropical easterly jet (TEJ). Although there are large changes in TEJ strength, the position of the jet axis shows little variation between wet and dry events. Associated with the TEJ, the strongest upper level divergence occurs at 100 hPa, where the raw/de‐seasonalized zonal wind speed correlates negatively (−0.71/− 0.23) with the corresponding Ethiopian rainfall at the pentad time‐scale. Furthermore, SSTs over the equatorial Pacific, Indian, and southern Atlantic Oceans correlate strongly with contemporary Ethiopian summer rainfall. In general, Ethiopian rainfall is suppressed during El Niño and enhanced during La Niña. This identification and documentation of the regional atmospheric circulation patterns and global SST anomalies directly linked to rainfall variability over Ethiopia/Horn of Africa, are crucial for developing statistical prediction schemes and designing climate model simulations for the region on intra‐seasonal to inter‐annual time‐scales. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society
Comparison between microwave coherent and incoherent scattering models for wetland vegetation in Poyang Lake area

In order to reveal more deeply the scattering characteristics of wetland vegetation and determine the microwave scattering model suitable for the inversion of wetland vegetation parameters, the comparison and analysis between microwave coherent and incoherent scattering models for wetland vegetation in Poyang Lake area were performed in this paper. In the research, we proposed a coherent scattering model exclusive for wetland vegetation, in which, Generalized Rayleigh-Gans (GRG) approach and infinite-length dielectric cylinder were used to calculate single-scattering matrices of wetland vegetation leaves and stalks. In addition, coherent components produced from interaction among the scattering mechanisms and different scatterers were also considered and this coherent model was compared with Michigan Microwave Canopy Scattering (MIMICS) model. The measured data collected in 2011 in Poyang Lake wetland were used as the input parameters of the coherent and incoherent models. We simulated backscattering coefficients of VV, VH and HH polarization at C band and made a comparison between the simulation results and C-band data from the Radarsat-2 satellite. For both coherent and incoherent scattering model, simulation results for HH and VV polarization were better than the simulation results for HV polarization. In addition, comparisons between coherent and incoherent scattering models proved that the coherence triggered by the scattering mechanism and different scatterers can’t be ignored. In the research, we analyzed differences between coherent and incoherent scattering models with change of incident angle. In most instances, the difference between coherent and incoherent scattering models is of the order of several dB.
Characterizing a star tracker with built-in attitude estimation algorithms under the night sky

Night sky performance measurements using a star tracker with built in autonomous all stellar attitude estimation software are presented. These measurements validate predictions for on orbit performance. Presented data and statistics include: (1) The time necessary to acquire, track and identify stars and compute an optimal attitude estimate using no a priori attitude knowledge. (2) The star tracker attitude and individual star measurement noise statistics. (3) Star tracking and attitude estimation robustness. Night sky data were collected at the Ball Aerospace facility in Boulder, Colorado on a number of evenings in January 1996. A CT-633 star tracker with its internal star identification and attitude estimation software was pointed at the night sky and rigidly mounted. The CT-633 has a 20 degree field of view and 4.5 magnitude sensitivity. Data were collected at 37 celestial positions in 23 constellations, spanning over 65 percent of the northern celestial hemisphere. Over 250 data sets were collected, all yielding successful star identifications and attitude estimates with no a priori attitude knowledge. In 90 percent of the data sets, stars were acquired, tracked and identified in under one minute with attitude estimates available every 0.2 seconds there after. These data yield CT-633 results consistent with 3 arc-second cross axis attitude estimation performance predicted at beginning of life.