Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bone grafts in dental implant management: Narrative Review.

Successful implant dentistry can be directly related to the quality and quantity of bone at the recipient site of the implant. Over the years, the bone grafts have been used for the treatment of various osseous defects. Due to the widespread acceptance of dental implants, interest in bone reconstruction for the oral cavity has increased dramatically over the past decade. Many patients who request implant rehabilitation require ancillary procedures to increase the quantity and quality of the recipient's bone. The internal architecture of the bone is generally described in terms of quality of the bone which in turn reflects the strength (degree of compactness) of the bone. This is considered as a crucial factor about the available bone at the edentulous site while planing about the design of the planned implant, surgical approach, healing time, and the initial progressive bone loading during the prosthetic reconstruction. Atrophy of the alveolar processes is expressed as a reduction of height and width. Databases were electronically searched up to April 2019 to identify human bone graft studies to provide contemporary and comprehensive information about the various bone grafts used in the dental implant management.
Thermal conductivity temperature dependence of water confined in nanoporous silicon

Recently, it has been shown that high density nanoconfined water was the reason of the important enhancement of the effective thermal conductivity up to a factor of 50% of a nanoporous silicon filled with water. In this work, using molecular dynamics simulations, we further investigate the role of the temperature T (from 285 to 360 K) on the thermal conductivity enhancement of nanohybrid porous silicon and water system. Furthermore, by studying and analysing several structural and dynamical parameters of the nanoconfined water, we give physical insights of the observed phenomena. Upon increasing the temperature of the system, the thermal conductivity of the hybrid system increases reaching a maximum for T = 300 K. With this article, we prove the existence of new heat flux channels between a solid matrix and a nanoconfined liquid, with clear signatures both in the radial distribution function, mean square displacements, water molecules orientation, hydrogen bond networks and phonon density of states.
Comparing executive functions profiles in anorexia nervosa and autism spectrum disorder in adolescence

Abstract Objective Executive functions (EFs) inefficiencies in anorexia nervosa (AN), especially in set‐shifting and central coherence, suggest a link between AN and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). This study aimed at comparing EF profiles in AN and ASD, and investigating clinical variables associated with the identified EF difficulties. Method One hundred and sixty‐two adolescents with AN or ASD completed self‐report questionnaires assessing depression, anxiety and autism symptoms. Parents completed the behaviour rating of executive functions parent‐form (BRIEF‐P). Besides comparing EFs in AN and ASD, we also analysed clinical variables scoring below and above the mean age score across the all sample. We additionally examined the relationship between clinical variables and the BRIEF‐P indexes in AN. Results Participants with ASD had greater EF difficulties than participants with AN on all BRIEF‐P scales. In the whole sample, higher autistic features were related to poorer EF. In AN, lower body mass index and particularly higher autism‐spectrum quotient (BRI: Beta = 0.55; p < 0.001 and GEC: Beta = 0.50; p < 0.001) were most strongly associated with poorer EF. Conclusion Although participants with ASD showed greater difficulties, autistic traits were related to alter EFs in AN. Exploring further this dimension can undeniably allow better adaptive cognitive remediation programs.
TET2单核苷酸多态性位点I1762V在急性髓系白血病患者中的临床及预后意义

目的 探讨TET2单核苷酸多态性（SNP）位点I1762V在急性髓系白血病（AML）患者中的临床意义及其对预后的影响。 方法 采用高通量测序方法，对2016年7月至2019年12月于河南省肿瘤医院血液科就诊的413例AML患者骨髓样本中的58种血液肿瘤相关基因进行靶向测序。 统计TET2 SNP位点I1762V的检出情况，并分析其与患者的临床特征、体细胞突变、预后的相关性。 结果 154例AML患者检出TET2 SNP位点I1762V，检出比例为37. 3％，与公共数据库（NyuWa Chinese Population Variant Database，NCVD）对照人群相比差异有统计学意义（χ2＝72.4，P<0.001）；TET2 SNP位点I1762V与AML患者的性别、年龄、染色体核型等均无明显相关性（P值均>0.05）。 携带TET2 SNP位点I1762V的患者伴发NPM1基因突变和KIT基因突变的比例显著高于非携带者（P<0.001），且NPM1和KIT突变互斥发生。 生存分析结果显示，携带TET2 SNP位点I1762V的AML患者总生存（OS）率、无进展生存（PFS）率显著高于野生型患者（HR＝0.57，P＝0.030；HR＝0.55，P＝0.020）；不论是否携带TET2 SNP位点I1762V，DNMT3A突变的AML患者OS率、PFS率均低于野生型患者（HR＝1.79，P＝0.030；HR＝1.74，P＝0.040）。 结论 TET2 SNP位点I1762V可能与AML相关，可用于指导治疗和预后评估。 TET2 SNP位点I1762V是影响AML患者预后的有利因素。
Presence of Panel-reactive Antibodies after Penetrating Keratoplasty

ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the relationship between penetrating keratoplasty (PK) and postoperative PRA level and number of unacceptable antigens. Methods A cross-sectionalstudy was performed on patients with history of PK. Patients with prior solid organ transplantation, pregnancy, or blood transfusion were excluded. These findings were combined with a retrospective review. Patients were grouped by single or multiple PKs. The primary outcome was postoperative PRA level. Results Incidence of postoperative PRA elevation and mean peak PRA was higher in the multiple PK group (p = .08 and p = .010, respectively). Mean number of unacceptable antigens was elevated in the multiple PK group (p = .024). There was a moderately positive correlation between number of PK grafts and PRA level (r = 0.629, p = .0002). Conclusions PRA level may be influenced by PKs, with higher PRA associated with increased prior PKs. Further studies are necessary to determine the potential prognostic value. Abbreviations: PK: penetrating keratoplasty; PRA: panel reactive antibodies; OSST: ocular surface stem cell transplantation; LSCD: limbal stem cell deficiency
Mechanisms of Cardiometabolic Health Outcomes and Disparities: What Characteristics of Chronic Stressors are Linked to HPA-Axis Dysregulation?

Objectives: Chronic stressors are associated with cardiometabolic health conditions and disparities. Mechanisms linking stressors and health remain poorly understood. Methods: Two cohort studies (Cardiac Rehabilitation And The Experience [CREATE] and Tracking Risk Identification for Adult Diabetes [TRIAD]) with harmonized variables were used to examine relationships between six types of chronic stressors in adulthood and Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation, as indicated by blunted diurnal cortisol slopes, which are stress-sensitive biomarkers implicated in cardiometabolic health (merged N = 213, mean age 61, 18% Black). A secondary aim was to explore whether these chronic stressors accounted for Black–White disparities in HPA axis regulation. Results: Some chronic stressors were linked to HPA axis dysregulation, with recent stressors most salient (b = 0.00353, SE = 0.00133, p = .008). Black–White disparities in HPA axis regulation persisted after controlling for racial differences in chronic stressors, which reduced the disparity 11.46%. Discussion: Chronic stressors in adulthood may increase risk for HPA axis dysregulation and associated cardiometabolic health outcomes but may not be a key factor in racial disparities.
Matching Learning Tasks With Students’ Conative Stages in Badminton: Effects on Situational Interest

ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which matching three learning tasks with students’ conative stages in badminton can increase their situational interest. Method: Ninety-seven secondary school students (Mage = 13.0, SD = 1.4, 50.5% girls, aged 11–16) practiced three learning tasks in badminton, designed to reflect the game intentions associated with their conative stages. They responded to the 15-item situational interest scale after practicing each of the three learning tasks. Results: According to the differences related to the SI dimensions scores between the learning tasks, matching the design of three learning tasks with the students’ game intentions results in higher scores in the SI dimensions. Conclusion: Using the conative stages to characterize students’ expertise levels in badminton, this study fine-tunes the connection between the students and the learning tasks by exceeding the common criterion related to the students’ technical skills. This study also confirms that instant enjoyment, exploration intention, attention demand, and challenge were key dimensions underlying students’ motivation in badminton in relation to its technical, tactical and physical components.
Antifungal biofilm strategies: a less explored area in wound management.

Background- The treatment of wound associated infections has always remained a challenge for clinicians with the major deterring factor being microbial biofilms, majorly bacterial or fungal. Biofilm infections are becoming a global concern owing to resistance against antimicrobials. Fungal biofilms are formed by a wide variety of fungal pathogens namely Candida sp. , Aspergillus fumigates, Trichosporon sp. , Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Cryptococcus neoformans, among others. The rising cases of fungal biofilm resistance add to the burden of wound care. Additionally, with increase in the number of surgical procedures, transplantation and the exponential use of medical devices, fungal bioburden is on the rise. Objectives- The review discusses the methods of biofilm formation and the resistance mechanisms against conventional treatments. The potential of novel delivery strategies and the mechanisms involved therein are highlighted. Further, the prospects of nanotechnology based medical devices to combat fungal biofilm resistance have also been explored. Some of the clinical trials and up-to-date patent technologies to eradicate the biofilms are also mentioned. Conclusion- Due to the many challenges faced in preventing/eradicating biofilms, only a handful of approaches have been able to make it to the market. Fungal biofilms are a fragmentary area which needs further exploration.
Spacer Domain in Hepatitis B Virus Polymerase: Plugging a Hole or Performing a Role?

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase is divided into terminal protein, spacer, reverse transcriptase, and RNase domains. Spacer has previously been considered dispensable, merely acting as a tether between other domains or providing plasticity to accommodate deletions and mutations. We explore evidence for the role of spacer sequence, structure, and function in HBV evolution and lineage, consider its associations with escape from drugs, vaccines, and immune responses, and review its potential impacts on disease outcomes. ABSTRACT Hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase is divided into terminal protein, spacer, reverse transcriptase, and RNase domains. Spacer has previously been considered dispensable, merely acting as a tether between other domains or providing plasticity to accommodate deletions and mutations. We explore evidence for the role of spacer sequence, structure, and function in HBV evolution and lineage, consider its associations with escape from drugs, vaccines, and immune responses, and review its potential impacts on disease outcomes.
Chinese Writing and Primary Progressive Aphasia

Brain disease commonly disrupts the ability to write. The precise nature of that disruption may inform clinical diagnosis and provide theoretical insights into the cognitive processes underpinning writing skills. In alphabetic languages, the spelling of a word may be inferred from the sequence of sounds, using language-specific rules for converting phonemes to their corresponding graphemes. This is not always possible. English has many words with atypical spellings (e.g., sew) and homophones (e.g., bear/bare). It is assumed that spelling of such words depends on retrieval of the whole-word representation from an orthographic lexicon. The inference is that writing involves both sublexical (mapping of sounds) and lexical (whole word) processes.
Participatory Evaluation and Design of a Subway Train Cabin

This study presents the process of designing a new frontal panel and console for a subway train which included the participation of the train drivers. Firstly, their task and activities were carefully observed. Then, drivers and supervisors were interviewed and a questionnaire was built to get infonnation about the task perfonnance and the importance of the main controls and displays involved on the driving task. Suggestions from the drivers were applied to generate a preliminary project of the console and frontal panel which was validated afterwards by the train drivers.
Light and scanning electron microscopic characterization of pollen grains of some wetland angiosperms from India

Pollen grains of 58 wetland species of angiosperms belonging to 17 families, growing in different wetlands of Sub‐Himalayan biodiversity hotspots, Northern Bengal and lower Gangetic plains, India were investigated during a 4‐year span of 2015–2019. Freshly collected anthers were processed through the acetolysis method and the obtained pollen grains were accurately studied under LM and SEM and properly photographed. Different attributes viz. shape, size, aperture type and exine ornamentation of pollen grains served as consistent features were used for authentic identification of the studied species. To study the phylogeny of pollen grains, characters like polarity, symmetry, aperture and exine sculpturing were found most significant for species segregation. Investigated pollen grains were mostly prolate‐spheroidal, spheroidal or triangular, rarely prolate or elongated, exine psilate, granulate, reticulate or microechinate type. Most of the observable aperture of pollen grains of studied species were colporate, colpate and porate, while ulcerate and inaperturate grains were also observed in the studied aquatic members of the families Cyperaceae and Potamogetonaceae. All the gathered data were further statistically analyzed through ANOVA, PCA and Pearson Correlation Matrix to understand the interrelationship among the species. The permanent slides of identified pollen grains were deposited at the herbarium of North Bengal University [NBU] for future references.
Bilateral Panuveitis Associated with Morvan Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

ABSTRACT Purpose Morvan syndrome (MoS) is a neurologic disorder belonging to a spectrum of autoimmune encephalitis, Contactin-associated protein-like 2 (Caspr2) antibody syndrome. We report a case of bilateral panuveitis associated with MoS. Methods Case report and review of the literature. Results A 57-year-old male with Morvan syndrome presented with painless vision loss and floaters. Initial visual acuities were 20/50 and 20/60. Hallmarks of this uveitis included persistently active vitritis, and nonhemorrhagic retinitis with nonperfusion and neovascularization. Uveitis consistently flared with attempted immunosuppressive tapers. Vision deteriorated to count fingers (2 ft) OU over 2.5 years despite corticosteroids, mycophenolate mofetil, intravenous immunoglobulin, adalimumab, and rituximab. Explanations for reduced final visual acuity included macular atrophy, disruption of retinal architecture, epiretinal membrane, vitritis, and cataract. Conclusions This case constitutes the first report of uveitis associated with MoS and Caspr2 antibody syndrome, raising the question of autoimmunity targeting the retinal inner and/or outer plexiform layers.
Polysialic Acid Self-assembled Nanocomplexes for Neutrophil-Based Immunotherapy to Suppress Lung Metastasis of Breast Cancer

The role of neutrophils in tumor metastasis has recently attracted widespread interest. Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cells in human peripheral blood, and large numbers can spontaneously migrate to metastatic sites, where they form an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Polysialic acid (PSA) can target peripheral blood neutrophils (PBNs) mediated by l-selectin, and abemaciclib (ABE) and mitoxantrone (MIT) can treat immunosuppressive microenvironments. Here, we aimed to inhibit lung metastasis of breast cancer and improve chemoimmunotherapy by designing a PSA-modified ABE and MIT co-delivery system (AM-polyion complex (PIC)) to target PBNs in mice with metastatic tumors. We found that through electrostatic interactions between the strong negative charge of PSA and the positive charge of the drug can form stable nanocomplexes and that spontaneous migration of neutrophils can mediate the aggregation of these complexes in the lungs, induce antimetastatic immune responses, enhance the effectiveness of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), and inhibit regulatory T cell (Treg) proliferation in vivo and in vitro. Pharmacodynamic results suggested that neutrophil-mediated AM-PIC chemoimmunotherapy inhibited tumor metastasis in mice with lung metastasis of 4T1 breast cancer. Overall, PSA-modified nanocomplexes offer promising neutrophil-mediated, targeted drug delivery systems to treat lung metastasis of breast cancer.
Spanlastics a Novel Nanovesicular Carrier: Its Potential Application and Emerging Trends in Therapeutic Delivery

Nanotechnology-based drug delivery system has played a very crucial role in overpowering the tasks allied with the conventional dosage form. Spanlastics, an elastic nanovesicle with an ability to carry wide range of drug molecules, make it a potential drug delivery carrier. Spanlastics have extended rising curiosity for diverse sort of route of administration. They can squeeze themselves through the skin pore due to elastic and deformable nature which makes them favorable for transdermal delivery. Spanlastics consist of non-ionic surfactant or blend of surfactants. Many researchers proved that spanlastics have been significantly augment therapeutic efficacy, enhanced drug bioavailability, and reduced drug toxicity. This review summarizes various vesicular systems, composition and structure of spanlastics, advantages of spanlastics over other drug delivery systems, and mechanism of drug penetration through skin. It also gives a brief on different types of drug encapsulated in spanlastics vesicles for the treatment of various diseases.
Wound healing in second-degree burns in rats treated with silver sulfadiazine: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess the wound healing efficacy in second-degree burns in rats treated with 1% silver sulfadiazine (SSD)-a sulfonamide antibiotic. METHOD This is a systematic literature review and meta-analysis performed according to the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcomes) strategy. RESULTS The review found 100 studies in PubMed, Web of Science and other search engines. Of these, 70 studies were pre-selected after removing duplicates. After independent analysis by two reviewers, only seven studies met the inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. All studies except one showed faster wound closure by the application of silver sulfadiazine ointment. Using a random effects model, healing was faster in SSD-treated groups when compared to the control group on day 21, with a statistically significant mean difference of -2.72 days (95% confidence interval: -4.99, -0.45) between treatment and control groups (p<0.01). CONCLUSION The results of this meta-analysis revealed that SSD aided in faster healing of second-degree burns.
Computational approaches for direct cell reprogramming: from the bulk omics era to the single cell era

Abstract Recent advances in direct cell reprogramming have made possible the conversion of one cell type to another cell type, offering a potential cell-based treatment to many major diseases. Despite much attention, substantial roadblocks remain including the inefficiency in the proportion of reprogrammed cells of current experiments, and the requirement of a significant amount of time and resources. To this end, several computational algorithms have been developed with the goal of guiding the hypotheses to be experimentally validated. These approaches can be broadly categorized into two main types: transcription factor identification methods which aim to identify candidate transcription factors for a desired cell conversion, and transcription factor perturbation methods which aim to simulate the effect of a transcription factor perturbation on a cell state. The transcription factor perturbation methods can be broken down into Boolean networks, dynamical systems and regression models. We summarize the contributions and limitations of each method and discuss the innovation that single cell technologies are bringing to these approaches and we provide a perspective on the future direction of this field.
On-Machine Detection of Sub-Microscale Defects in Diamond Tool Grinding during the Manufacturing Process Based on DToolnet

Nowadays, tool condition monitoring (TCM), which can prevent the waste of resources and improve efficiency in the process of machining parts, has developed many mature methods. However, TCM during the production of cutting tools is less studied and has different properties. The scale of the defects in the tool production process is tiny, generally between 10 μm and 100 μm for diamond tools. There are also very few samples with defects produced by the diamond tool grinding process, with only about 600 pictures. Among the many TCM methods, the direct inspection method using machine vision has the advantage of obtaining diamond tool information on-machine at a low cost and with high efficiency, and the method is accurate enough to meet the requirements of this task. Considering the specific, above problems, to analyze the images acquired by the vision system, a neural network model that is suitable for defect detection in diamond tool grinding is proposed, which is named DToolnet. DToolnet is developed by extracting and learning from the small-sample diamond tool features to intuitively and quickly detect defects in their production. The improvement of the feature extraction network, the optimization of the target recognition network, and the adjustment of the parameters during the network training process are performed in DToolnet. The imaging system and related mechanical structures for TCM are also constructed. A series of validation experiments is carried out and the experiment results show that DToolnet can achieve an 89.3 average precision (AP) for the detection of diamond tool defects, which significantly outperforms other classical network models. Lastly, the DToolnet parameters are optimized, improving the accuracy by 4.7%. This research work offers a very feasible and valuable way to achieve TCM in the manufacturing process.
Perspective Botanical insecticides: for richer, for poorer

Botanical insecticides presently play only a minor role in insect pest management and crop protection; increasingly stringent regulatory requirements in many jurisdictions have prevented all but a handful of botanical products from reaching the marketplace in North America and Europe in the past 20 years. Nonetheless, the regulatory environment and public health needs are creating opportunities for the use of botanicals in industrialized countries in situations where human and animal health are foremost - for pest control in and around homes and gardens, in commercial kitchens and food storage facilities and on companion animals. Botanicals may also find favour in organic food production, both in the field and in controlled environments. In this review it is argued that the greatest benefits from botanicals might be achieved in developing countries, where human pesticide poisonings are most prevalent. Recent studies in Africa suggest that extracts of locally available plants can be effective as crop protectants, either used alone or in mixtures with conventional insecticides at reduced rates. These studies suggest that indigenous knowledge and traditional practice can make valuable contributions to domestic food production in countries where strict enforcement of pesticide regulations is impractical.  2007 Society of Chemical Industry