Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Satisficing Players

Bounded rationality and, more specifically, satisficing in game playing assumes choosing strategies by anticipating their likely consequences. Unlike orthodox game theory, one does not require optimality and rational expectations but views satisficing as a reasoning process with several possible feedback loops. The various stages of such reasoning ask players to  mentally represent the game, typically via simplifying (mental modeling),  generate scenarios, i.e., point expectations concerning others’ choices and chance events (scenario generation),  form payoff aspirations for all scenarios (aspiration formation),  try to satisfy them by successively testing choice alternatives (satisficing search). When repeating this process, players may revise their mental representation, adapt their scenario set and aspiration profile or drop the first, the two first, or all three of these stages before exploring further strategies. Such satisficing in game playing has been confirmed experimentally by directly observing scenario generation, aspiration formation, and search for satisficing alternatives.
Knowledge needs in economic costs of invasive species facilitated by canalisation

Canals provide wide-ranging economic benefits, while also serving as corridors for the introduction and spread of aquatic alien species, potentially leading to negative ecological and economic impacts. However, to date, no comprehensive quantifications of the reported economic costs of these species have been done. Here, we used the InvaCost database on the monetary impact of invasive alien species to identify the costs of those facilitated by three major canal systems: the European Inland Canals, Suez Canal, and Panama Canal. While we identified a staggering number of species having spread via these systems, monetary costs have been reported only for a few. A total of $33.6 million in costs have been reported from species linked to European Inland Canals (the fishhook waterflea Cercopagis pengoi and the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha) and $8.6 million linked to the Suez Canal (the silver-cheeked toadfish Lagocephalus sceleratus, the lionfish Pterois miles, and the nomad jellyfish Rhopilema nomadica), but no recorded costs were found for species facilitated by the Panama Canal. We thus identified a pervasive lack of information on the monetary costs of invasions facilitated by canals and highlighted the uneven distribution of costs.
Neundorf, Anja and Niemi, Richard G. and Smets, Kaat (2016) The compensation effect of civic education on political engagement: how civics classes make up for missing parental socialization. Political Behavior . ISSN 1573-6687

The development of political engagement in early life is significant given its impact on political knowledge and participation. Analyses reveal a large influence of parents on their offspring’s curiosity about politics during their teenage years. Increasingly, civic education is also considered an important influence on political interest and orientations of young people as schools are assigned a crucial role in creating and maintaining civic equality. We study the effects of civic education on political engagement, focusing especially on whether and how civic education can compensate for missing parental political socialization. We use data from the Belgian Political Panel Study (2006-2011) and the U.S. Youth-Parent Socialization Panel Study (1965-1997), which both contain information on political attitudes and behaviors of adolescents and young adults, those of their parents, and on the educational curriculum of the young respondents. Our findings suggest that civics training in schools indeed compensates for inequalities in family socialization with respect to political engagement. This conclusion holds for two very different countries (the U.S. and Belgium), at very different points in time (the 1960s and the 2000s), and for a varying length of observation (youth to old age and impressionable years only).
ENDOTHELIAL NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE GENE T-786C POLYMORPHISM AMONG TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS IN KHARTOUM, 2016

Background: A single nucleotide polymorphism (T > C) rs2070744 due to transition of a thymine to a cytosine at T-786C in the promoter region of eNOS was found to reduce the rate of mRNA transcription by 50%, resulting in decreased serum NO levels which can inhibit apoptosis or stimulate tumor proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis. Objective: To evaluate the association between Nitric Oxide Synthase gene T-786C polymorphism and type-2 Diabetes mellitus patients in Khartoum. Material and Methods: A total of 40 patients with type-2 Diabetes mellitus and50 control subjects were enrolled this study. DAN extrication samples previously extracted from EDTA Blood collected from SPV and store at20C. Analysis of the eNOS786T > C promoter polymorphism were carried out by allele specific polymerase chain reaction method (PCR). Results: The present study reported that, molecular analysis showed that, the most frequent genotype in patients was TT 100% (40 sample). While in the control group there was 100% TT genotype. Conclusion: The present study indicates the lack of association between eNOS and type-2 Diabetes mellitus which needs to be investigated in study with larger sample.
NO PUB DATE NOTE CONTRACT AVAILABLE FROM PUB TYPE . EDRS PRICE DESCRIPTORS DOCUMENT RESUME CG 031 979 Science-Based Substance Abuse Prevention : A Guide

The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's Center for Substance Abuse Prevention (CSAP) is responsible for identifying and disseminating scientifically defensible knowledge about proven prevention models and principles to the substance abuse prevention field. This booklet is intended to assist prevention practitioners and others involved in the design, implementation, and evaluation of substance abuse prevention programs. This document provides the following: describes the evolution of the conceptual model that CSAP uses to provide a unifying framework for substance abuse prevention; discusses the principles that provide the foundation for understanding and defining research findings as scientifically defensible; and illustrates how CSAP applies. specific principles and criteria to research studies, program evaluations, and scholarly efforts to identify scientifically defensible findings, prevention principles, and prevention models. The guide also provides specifics about the CSAP methodology for selecting model programs and identifying scientifically defensible principles. It is one in a series of three products that together assist prevention practitioners, evaluators, state and local program administrators, policymakers, and funders in designing and assessing scientifically defensible programs. (Contains 25 references.) (GCE)) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. GUIDE TO ,SCIENCE-BASED PRACTICES Mince-Based Substance Abuse Prevention:
PATCH-RECORDING PIPETTES

Monolayers of the negatively charged phospholipid phosphatidylserine (PS) and of the amphoteric phospholipid dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) were used to assemble bilayers at the tip of patch-recording pipettes. PS bilayers, with seal resistances in the range of gigaohmns (gigaseals), could only be generated when millimolar concentration of divalent cations, Ca++, Mg++, or Ba"+ were present in the pipette and bath solutions. In contrast, gigaseals of DOPE were independent of divalent ion concentration in the pH range where DOPE is predominantly neutral (pH 6.5) or positively charged (pH 1.5). At pH 10.0, when most DOPE molecules bear a net negative charge, gigaseals became divalent cation dependent, in a manner quantitatively similar to that of PS at neutral pH. The results indicate that divalent cations play an important role in stabilizing gigaseals of negatively charged lipid but are of no consequence in neutral or positively charged seals.
W ORKING C APITAL F INANCING IN R EVERSE S UPPLY C HAINS – N EW P ERSPECTIVES (A UTO -F INANCING )

Competition among Global Supply Chains has been studied intensively in recent years. While forward supply chains strategies such as supply chain or operational redesign were studied often, for reverse logistics most development strategies represented a new direction of research, especially regarding Supply Chain Finance domain. This paper explains how a reverse supply chain can obtain finances for its daily activities in its sorting phase by using a linear model based on penalties for the working capital issue. Here, traditional working capital financing (obtained normally from a financial institution) is replaced by a new production model, resulting in daily activities financing from another actor of the reverse logistics. In this case, the working capital provider is no longer a financial institution, but the original raw material provider. This approach gives a new perspective about finances in a supply chain hence it does not add more financial constraints for companies, and helps in the same time the whole supply chain from an operational point of view. As a result, the manufacture company has less financial constraints, the sorting process improves significantly both in financial and non-financial terms, and the overall supply chain is more competitive on the market.
Improving elastic testing using container-based virtualisation

Elastic web applications automatically scale up and down depending on the current workload. Scaling up and down enables to distribute the application workload to more or less servers. Such elastic applications are getting popular because of the cheap and high-available public clouds as provided by Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure and others. An elastic application contains an algorithm, the so-called elasticity policy, that decides how much and when to scale up and down the application depending on various inputs. There are inputs such as the current number of requests, CPU load, memory consumption and many more. On public clouds, the computing power of the available resources may fluctuate, therefore the elasticity policy cannot assume constant and continuous performance. In order to ensure that the algorithm behaves as expected it needs to be tested against such brittle behaviour. Usually, when testing elasticity policies one takes a real cloud instances and simulates some workloads. This approach is quite cumbersome and quite expensive. Using a real cloud costs money, it takes time to get results and the fluctuation of available resources cannot be controlled. This thesis proposes a system that employs container-based virtualisation to test an elastic algorithm without the need of a real cloud. Container virtualisation allows to run multiple instances of an application strictly separated from each other and with very little overhead compared to real virtualisation. The proposed system is able to start multiple instances of the system under test in parallel on the local development machine using container-based virtualisation. By offering an API the available CPU time and memory can be controlled in order to simulate resource shortage. An integration to JUnit offers an easy entry point for testers to write their test cases. There is no need to adjust the system under test if it connects to the API of a cloud provider using an abstraction layer such as JClouds. Because of the local execution of the test environment a test run is free of charge. Several experiments show the feasibility of the developed system. It can be seen that there exist use cases where bugs of the elastic policy can be found easily when tests are performed with resource limitations as offered by the developed system in the context of this Thesis.
Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations Derivation of a biharmonic form Linearization of Stokes Equations Finite Difference Solver for Stokes Coordinates Formulation of a compact stencil kernel

Cage-based structures are reduced subspace deformers enabling non-isometric stretching deformations induced by clothing or muscle bulging. In this paper, we reformulate the cage-based rigging as an incompressible Stokes problem in the vorticity space. The key to our approach is a compact stencil allowing the expression of fluid-inspired high-order coordinates. Thus, our cage-based coordinates are obtained by vorticity transport as the numerical solution of the linearized Stokes equations. Then, we turn the incompressible creeping Newtonian flow into Stokes equations, and we devise a second-order compact approximation with center differencing for solving the vorticity-stream function. To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first to devise a vorticity-stream function formulation as a computational model for cage-based weighting functions. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our new techniques for a collection of cage-based shapes and applications.
Simple and Precise Analog Arcsine Synthesis Applied to Amplitude to Phase Conversion for Hall Effect Position Sensors

Sinusoidal encoders, including Hall effect sensors, are position sensors that provide analog sine and cosine signals of angular position. All schemes used for converting these signals into measure of the angle require either trigonometric or inverse trigonometric function implementation. The proposed converter is based on the use of the alternating pseudo-linear segments of the sensor signals together with a simple and effective linearization technique. The theoretical absolute error of non-linearity of the converter is 0.05 degree over the full 360 degree range. The converter may be implemented numerically or electronically. The paper describes the proposed method, full details of its analog implementation, and experimental results obtained with a Hall effect sensor. Results demonstrate agreement between theory and experimental results.
Performance evaluation of innovative hybrid rebar coupler in reinforced concrete beams subjected to monotonic loading

This paper presents the outcome of an experimental study on the performance of mechanical rebar coupler (MRC) in broken reinforcement connection over the conventional technique. An in‐house‐made hybrid MRC is introduced to connect broken rebars ranging from 10 to 16 mm in diameter. A detailed experimental program is conducted to explore the influence of MRC with filler as a broken rebar connector. Four types of reinforced concrete (RC) beams with different reinforcement configurations are used with and without MRC at tension zone. RC beams with and without MRC are used and tested under monotonic loading. Rebar connector in different locations is used to examine the load distribution behavior of the connector. The effectiveness of rebar connector is investigated using the uni‐axial tensile test of rebar with MRC, load–deflection behavior, energy dissipation, stiffness behavior, and failure pattern of RC beams and is compared with conventional specimens. The significant enhancement in post‐yield behavior and energy dissipation of RC beam specimen with rebar connector authenticates the effectiveness of employed technique in structural engineering work.
CIA_A_240400 195..205

1Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Geriatric Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, People’s Republic of China; 4Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden; 5Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, People’s Republic of China Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that mainly occurs in old age and involves progressive cognitive impairment. AD has become a major global issue for public health, with approximately 24 million people currently affected by the disease. Estimates indicted that this number will quadruple by 2050. Because of the high incidence of AD, there is an urgent need to develop new strategies to diagnose and treat AD. Many recent studies have indicated the multiple, yet somewhat controversial, roles of exosomes in AD. Although the underlying mechanisms by which exosomes play a role in AD are still unknown, current evidence suggests that exosomes can carry and spread toxic amyloid-beta, and hyperphosphorylated tau, between cells, and then induce apoptosis, thus contributing to the loss of neurons. In addition, exosomes appear to possess the ability to reduce brain amyloid-beta, and tau hyperphosphorylation, and transfer neuroprotective substances between neural cells. The accumulating data brings hope that the application of exosomes may be helpful for early diagnostics and the identification of new therapeutic targets for AD. Here, we summarized the various roles of exosomes, and how they might relate to the pathogenesis of AD. We also highlight the potential application of exosomes as a therapeutic option in AD therapy.
Representing tactical land navigation expertise.: NA

Tactical land navigation is a very important, but extremely difficult task performed daily by small unit leaders. In an effort to find ways to develop expertise more efficiently, a detailed description of expert performance is presented and contrasted with novice and intermediate performance. This definition fits the Recognition Primed Decision model of human cognitive behavior. Then, through use of the Critical Decision Method of knowledge elicitation, interviews with experts at the U. S. Army Special Forces Qualification Course formed the basis of a detailed cognitive model of expert tactical land navigation. Four important characteristics of experts emerge: (1) they rely on high-fidelity mental maps; (2) they blend multiple cues; (3) they adjust and recalibrate tools dynamically; and (4) they visualize spatial information. Finally, a multiagent system computationally represents the route planning portion of the performance model.
Function-as-a-Service X Platform-as-a-Service: Towards a Comparative Study on FaaS and PaaS

—The adoption of cloud computing for service delivery is a market trend and attracts customers seeking elastic, scalable, and cost-e ﬀ ective infrastructures. Instance-based models, such as Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS), are being used to support mobile applications. Despite the management facilities, the PaaS receives criticism for the ine ﬃ cient use of resources. Studies point to a new model, known as Function-as-a-Service (FaaS), as an alternative that would o ﬀ er a more e ﬃ cient use of resources and lower costs. The present work has proposed to perform a comparative evaluation between FaaS and PaaS service delivery models regarding performance, scalability and costs issues in support of mobile applications based on microservices. The conclusions obtained showed that FaaS presented an equivalent performance, a more e ﬃ cient scalability and the costs inﬂuenced by workload type.
THE ROLE OF REHABILITATION AS AN ADJUNCT TO MEDICATION IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of cardiac rehabilitation through a systematic review comparing cardiac rehabilitation to pharmacological treatment assessing the benefits and risks associated with it. Through examining cardiac rehabilitation, this dissertation clarifies the importance behind such strategies by summarising the evidence of benefit. Method: The types of evidence used for this research include both primary and secondary sources. The question of the effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation is addressed by arguing that if the implementation of cardiac rehabilitation were improved the benefits would be higher. This study combines the findings of several studies to draw reliable conclusions supported by evidence than the component studies alone. Findings: Considering the evidence, area‟s, which require questioning, include the introduction of an online programme for patients to conduct the programme in the comfort of their own home compensating for the time used when attending appointments. Other areas include educating patients on the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation to motivate patients to attend. Conclusion: Despite the evidence, cardiac rehabilitation remains questioned; areas that require exposal include improving attendance, referral rates and introducing new areas of delivery. Morrissey et al. European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences www.ejbps. com 54 CR involves a programme of exercise and education delivered by a specialist, to improve overall recovery (function and mobility). It includes components of health education, exercise, condition management and advice on risk reduction (Table 2). Table 2: Core components of Cardiac rehabilitation
Investigation of milk quality after removal of AFM1 using lactic acid bacteria and beta-glucan

Contamination of milk with aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is related to the feed for milking cows, which is contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Feed AFB1 converts to AFM1 by dehydrogenation. In this study, we used Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from raw milk and its products and commercial or laboratorymade beta-glucan isolated from yeast and oats to establish how these mycotoxin binders affect the quality of sterilised, long-life, 2.8% fat milk contaminated with 0.05 mg/L of AFM1. We took the content of fats, carbohydrates, sugars (lactose), and proteins, and the calculated energy values for quality parameters. The mean energy value of the milk treated with AFM1 binders ranged between 85.7% and 101.5% of the control, untreated milk, whereas the fat content ranged between 65.3% and 100.7%. The protein content ranged between 64.4% and 101.1%, carbohydrates between 83.1% and 103%, and lactose between 76.3% and 100.8%. The results indicated a good possibility of binding of AFM1 with Lactobacilus plantarum bacteria, and 0.01% of β-glucan from oats was 0.005% of β-glucan isolated from yeast from Saccharomyces cerevisiae 20. These findings suggest that milk treated with these binders can be processed further and that its treatment significantly reduces the risk of exposure through diet and the related economic damage.
Improving Twitter Sentiment Classification Using Term Usage and User Based Attributes

—With the rapid growth of the Internet and the increase in the use of mobile devices, social media has grown rapidly in recent years. Without using appropriate representation techniques, processing methods and algorithms, it is difficult to get patterns, trends and opinions that are of interest to companies, organizations and individuals. Sentiment classification, which is one of the most popular mining tasks on the textual part of the social media data, aims to classify comment texts by their polarity. Textual features such as terms, n-grams combined with the NLP techniques are commonly used for this task. Our aim in this study is to see the effect of additional features on Twitter sentiment classification that are extracted from structured data related to the tweets and the Twitter users associated with these tweets. In addition to the use of terms in tweets as features i.e. traditional bag-of-words model, we employed tweet term usage based attributes along with Twitter user based attributes and showed that these additional attributes increase the accuracy of class substantially.