Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A New Sensitive Test Using Virtual Reality and Foam to Probe Postural Control in Vestibular Patients: The Unilateral Schwannoma Model

Vestibular schwannomas (VS) are benign tumors of the vestibular nerve that may trigger hearing loss, tinnitus, rotatory vertigo, and dizziness in patients. Vestibular and auditory tests can determine the precise degree of impairment of the auditory nerve, and superior and inferior vestibular nerves. However, balance is often poorly quantified in patients with untreated vestibular schwannoma, for whom validated standardized assessments of balance are often lacking. Balance can be quantified with the EquiTest. However, this device was developed a long time ago and is expensive, specific, and not sensitive enough to detect early deficits because it assesses balance principally in the sagittal plane on a firm platform. In this study, we assessed postural performances in a well-defined group of VS patients. We used the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and a customized device consisting of a smartphone, a mask delivering a fixed or moving visual scene, and foam rubber. Patients were tested in four successive sessions of 25 s each: eyes open (EO), eyes closed (EC), fixed visual scene (VR0), and visual moving scenes (VR1) delivered by the HTC VIVE mask. Postural oscillations were quantified with sensors from an android smartphone (Galaxy S9) fixed to the back. The results obtained were compared to those obtained with the EquiTest. Vestibulo-ocular deficits were also quantified with the caloric test and vHIT. The function of the utricle and saccule were assessed with ocular and cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (o-VEMPs and c-VEMPs), respectively. We found that falls and abnormal postural oscillations were frequently detected in the VS patients with the VR/Foam device. We detected no correlation between falls or abnormal postural movements and horizontal canal deficit or age. In conclusion, this new method provides a simpler, quicker, and cheaper method for quantifying balance. It will be very helpful for (1) determining balance deficits in VS patients; (2) optimizing the optimal therapy indications (active follow-up, surgery, or gamma therapy) and follow-up of VS patients before and after treatment; (3) developing new rehabilitation methods based on balance training in extreme conditions with disturbed visual and proprioceptive inputs.
Normative Data of the Trail Making Test Among Urban Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Japan

Introduction Population aging is likely to increase the number of people with dementia living in urban areas. The Trail Making Test (TMT) is widely used as a cognitive task to measure attention and executive function among older adults. Normative data from a sample of community-dwelling older adults are required to evaluate the executive function of this population. The purpose of this study was to examine the Trail Making Test completion rate and completion time among urban community-dwelling older adults in Japan. Methods A survey was conducted at a local venue or during a home visit (n = 1,966). Cognitive tests were conducted as a part of the survey, and TMT Parts A (TMT-A) and B (TMT-B) were completed after the completion of the Japanese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-J). Testers recorded TMT completion status, completion time, and the number of errors observed. Results In the TMT-A, 1,913 (99.5%) participants understood the instructions, and 1,904 (99.1%) participants completed the task within the time limit of 240 s. In the TMT-B, 1,839 (95.9%) participants understood the instructions, and 1,584 (82.6%) participants completed the task within the time limit of 300 s. The completion rate of TMT-B was 90.2 and 41.8% for participants with an MMSE-J score of >23 points and ≦23 points, respectively. Results of multiple regression analyses showed that age, education, and the MMSE-J score were associated with completion time in both TMTs. Conclusion In both TMTs, completion time was associated with age, education, and general cognitive function. However, not all participants completed the TMT-B, and the completion rate was relatively low among participants with low MMSE-J scores. These findings may help interpret future TMT assessments.
Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Isolated From Rock Phosphate Mine and Agricultural Soil on the Improvement of Wheat Plant Growth

The improvement of plant growth and yield becomes crucial to feed the rising world population, especially in harsh conditions, drought, salt stress, lack of nutrition, and many other challenges. To cope with these stresses, plants developed an adaptation strategy (mycorrhiza), which is an efficient way to reinforce their growth and resistance. For this purpose, we studied the influence of mycorrhizal fungi isolated from a natural rock phosphate mine in the vicinity of some native plants and agricultural soil to assess their capacity in increasing the growth, nutritional profile improvement, and biochemical parameters in the inoculated wheat plants. Results showed a high diversity of isolated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) spores in the agricultural soil, and less diversity in the natural phosphate samples, where three main genera were identified: glomus, gigaspora, and acaulospora. The chlorophyll content increased by 116% in the native inoculum (NM) flowed by Glomus sp2 from agricultural soil (98%) compared to non-mycorrhized plants, which significantly impact the growth and plant biomass (an increase of 90 and 73%, respectively). The same rate of change was shown on total phenolic compounds with an increase of 64% in the plants inoculated with Glomus sp2 in the presence of TSP, compared to the non-mycorrhized plants. In conclusion, the inoculation of wheat plants with AMF spores improved plants’ growth via the increase in the density of the root system, which implies better assimilation of nutrients, especially in mycorrhizal plants with phosphorus fertilization regime, triple superphosphate (TSP) or natural rock phosphate (RP). This improvement of the physiological and biochemical parameters (chlorophyll contents and phenolic compound) of the treated plants reflected the positive impact of AMF, especially those originating from RP. AMF in phosphate mine could be an important source of inoculum to improve plant nutrient efficiency with the direct use of RP as fertilizer.
Design and fabrication of a silicon-based MEMS acceleration switch working lower than 10 g

This paper reports a low-g MEMS acceleration switch with threshold acceleration below 10 g. The proposed switch is made of single-crystalline silicon for high thermal stability and stress-free structure. A vertical operation type is adopted to enable fine control of the contact surface during the fabrication process. The switch contains displacement-restricting structures in all directions for impact resistance and is packaged with anodic bonding process. The fabricated switches had an average proof mass, initial gap, and spring constant of 307.38 µg, 6.39 µm, and 3.29 N m−1, respectively. Height profile of the free-hanging proof mass was measured to show that the switch does not suffer from stress problems. In the electrostatic operation test, the contact resistance of the switch was varied with contact force and the minimum value was estimated to be 8.5 Ω. The response time of the switch was measured to be shorter than 1.2 ms. The fabricated switch operated more than 10 000 cycles without failure. For the thermal stability test, the switch was heated at 80 °C for 6 h and the switch operated successfully over 200 times. In the rotation-table experiment, the switch operated at 6.61 g and error analysis was carried out in the consideration of tangential force generated during the rotation-table experiment. From the experimental values, the tangential force was calculated as 2.375 µN and the resulting reduction in the initial switching gap was simulated as 0.32 µm. The reduced threshold acceleration thus was estimated to be 6.62 g, which agrees very well with the measured threshold acceleration value of 6.61 g.
Activation of NLR-Mediated Autoimmunity in Arabidopsis Early in Short Days 4 Mutant

From a reverse genetic screen using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing tool, we unintentionally identified an autoimmune mutant. Map-based cloning and whole-genome sequencing revealed that it contains a deletion in SMALL UBIQUITIN-RELATED MODIFIER (SUMO) protease encoding gene EARLY IN SHORT DAYS 4 (ESD4). Previous studies reported that esd4 mutants accumulate elevated levels of plant defense hormone salicylic acid (SA). However, upregulated PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENE 1 (PR1) expression in esd4 only partly relies on SA level. In this study, we show that plant metabolite N-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP) biosynthetic genes are upregulated in esd4, and NHP biosynthesis mutant flavin-dependent-monooxygenase 1 (fmo1) partially suppresses the autoimmune phenotypes of esd4, suggestive of a requirement of NHP signaling for the autoimmunity in esd4. As activation of nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat immune receptors (NLRs) are associates with the biosynthesis of SA and NHP and lipase-like protein ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 (EDS1) is a key component downstream of many NLRs, we examined the relationship between EDS1 and ESD4 by analyzing the eds1 esd4 double mutant. We found that eds1 largely suppresses esd4 autoimmunity and blocks the elevated expressions of SA and NHP biosynthesis-related genes in esd4. Overall, our study provides evidence supporting the hypothesis that SUMO protease ESD4 likely targets a yet to be identified guardee of NLR by removing its SUMO modification to avoid recognition by the cognate NLR. Loss of ESD4 results in activation of NLR-mediated autoimmunity.
Turbulent Intensity of Blood Flow in the Healthy Aorta Increases With Dobutamine Stress and is Related to Cardiac Output

Introduction: The blood flow in the normal cardiovascular system is predominately laminar but operates close to the threshold to turbulence. Morphological distortions such as vascular and valvular stenosis can cause transition into turbulent blood flow, which in turn may cause damage to tissues in the cardiovascular system. A growing number of studies have used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to estimate the extent and degree of turbulent flow in different cardiovascular diseases. However, the way in which heart rate and inotropy affect turbulent flow has not been investigated. In this study we hypothesized that dobutamine stress would result in higher turbulence intensity in the healthy thoracic aorta. Method: 4D flow MRI data were acquired in twelve healthy subjects at rest and with dobutamine, which was infused until the heart rate increased by 60% when compared to rest. A semi-automatic segmentation method was used to segment the thoracic aorta in the 4D flow MR images. Subsequently, flow velocity and several turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) parameters were calculated in the ascending aorta, aortic arch, descending aorta and whole thoracic aorta. Results: With dobutamine infusion there was an increase in heart rate (66 ± 9 vs. 108 ± 13 bpm, p < 0.001) and stroke volume (88 ± 13 vs. 102 ± 25 ml, p < 0.01). Additionally, there was an increase in Peak Average velocity (0.7 ± 0.1 vs. 1.2 ± 0.2 m/s, p < 0.001, Peak Max velocity (1.3 ± 0.1 vs. 2.0 ± 0.2 m/s, p < 0.001), Peak Total TKE (2.9 ± 0.7 vs. 8.0 ± 2.2 mJ, p < 0.001), Peak Median TKE (36 ± 7 vs. 93 ± 24 J/m3, p = 0.002) and Peak Max TKE (176 ± 33 vs. 334 ± 69 J/m3, p < 0.001). The relation between cardiac output and Peak Total TKE in the whole thoracic aorta was very strong (R2 = 0.90, p < 0.001). Conclusion: TKE of blood flow in the healthy thoracic aorta increases with dobutamine stress and is strongly related to cardiac output. Quantification of such turbulence intensity parameters with cardiac stress may serve as a risk assessment of aortic disease development.
Conclusion or Illusion: Quantifying Uncertainty in Inverse Analyses From Marker-Based Motion Capture due to Errors in Marker Registration and Model Scaling

Estimating kinematics from optical motion capture with skin-mounted markers, referred to as an inverse kinematic (IK) calculation, is the most common experimental technique in human motion analysis. Kinematics are often used to diagnose movement disorders and plan treatment strategies. In many such applications, small differences in joint angles can be clinically significant. Kinematics are also used to estimate joint powers, muscle forces, and other quantities of interest that cannot typically be measured directly. Thus, the accuracy and reproducibility of IK calculations are critical. In this work, we isolate and quantify the uncertainty in joint angles, moments, and powers due to two sources of error during IK analyses: errors in the placement of markers on the model (marker registration) and errors in the dimensions of the model’s body segments (model scaling). We demonstrate that IK solutions are best presented as a distribution of equally probable trajectories when these sources of modeling uncertainty are considered. Notably, a substantial amount of uncertainty exists in the computed kinematics and kinetics even if low marker tracking errors are achieved. For example, considering only 2 cm of marker registration uncertainty, peak ankle plantarflexion angle varied by 15.9°, peak ankle plantarflexion moment varied by 26.6 N⋅m, and peak ankle power at push off varied by 75.9 W during healthy gait. This uncertainty can directly impact the classification of patient movements and the evaluation of training or device effectiveness, such as calculations of push-off power. We provide scripts in OpenSim so that others can reproduce our results and quantify the effect of modeling uncertainty in their own studies.
A reuse-based approach to promote the adoption of info vis tecniques for network and service management tasks

Throughout the years, several tools have being used by network administrators to accomplish the management tasks (e.g., management protocols and network monitoring solutions). Among such tools, this thesis focuses on Information Visualization one (a.k.a InfoVis). Mainly, it is understood that the ultimate goal of these management tools is to decrease the complexity and, consequently, optimize the everyday work of administrators. Thus, they can increase their productivity, which leads to the cost reduction. Based on this assumption, this thesis aims at investigating how to promote the adoption of InfoVis techniques by network administrators, focusing on enhancing productivity and lowering costs. The key insight is that, in most cases, network administrators are unskilled on InfoVis. Therefore, the choice to adopt visualizations can require an immersion into the unknown that can be too risky regarding productivity and cost. In essence, this thesis argues that the employment of InfoVis techniques by administrators can be very laborious by spending a significant amount of effort that decreases their productivity and, consequently, increases the management costs. To overcome this issue, an approach to promote the adoption of InfoVis techniques by encouraging their reuse is introduced. It is argued that the concepts and principles of software reuse proposed and standardized in the software engineering field can be adapted and employed once the building up of visualizations (i.e., the design and development) can be defined primarily as a software development task. So, the evaluation of the proposal introduced in this thesis employs the Common Software Measurement International Consortium (COSMIC) Functional Size Measurement (FSM) method that measures software sizing through Function Points (FP). From this method, it was possible estimating effort and, consequently, productivity and costs. Results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach (in terms of productivity and cost) as well as some indirect benefits that the systematic reuse can provide in the adoption of InfoVis techniques to assist in the management tasks.
Subseasonal Reversal of Winter Temperature Over Northeast China in 2014/2015: Role of Arctic Sea Ice

This study investigates the temperature reversal over Northeast China (NEC) in winter 2014/2015, focusing on the variations of related general circulations and the affecting mechanisms of the Arctic sea ice on daily scale. It turns out to be the coupled impacts of the eastward propagations of tropospheric wave trains from the North Atlantic Ocean and the downward reflections of planetary wavenumber-1 from the stratosphere that resulted in the subseasonal reversal of winter temperature over NEC in winter 2014/2015. Also, such anomalous atmospheric circulations can be attributed to sea-ice anomalies over the Davis Strait–Baffin Bay (SIC-DSBB) and the Barents–Kara Sea (SIC-BKS) in November 2014. SIC-DSBB anomalies in November 2014 excited the eastward propagation of Rossby waves via the tripole pattern of sea surface temperature over the North Atlantic Sea, leading to the colder condition over NEC in the first and middle 10 days of December 2014. Anomalously heavy SIC-BKS also triggered wave trains from the polar region to Eurasia, strengthening the Rossby wave induced by SIC-DSBB. Moreover, the wave trains suppressed the upward propagation of planetary wavenumber-1 over the Siberia region, strengthening the stratospheric polar vortex. However, the sea-ice anomalies over these two domains only existed in November 2014. Thus, the tropospheric mechanisms by which the Arctic sea ice affected the temperature over NEC only lasted to late December 2014. Meanwhile, the stratospheric anomalies propagated downwards with the planetary wavenumber-1, favoring the positive phase of Arctic Oscillation in the troposphere and the warm condition over NEC since the last week of December 2014. Consequently, the temperature over NEC reversed in winter 2014/2015.
4D Printing Applications in the Development of Smart Cardiovascular Implants

Smart materials are able to react to different stimuli and adapt their shape to the environment. Although the development of 3D printing technology increased the reproducibility and accuracy of scaffold fabrication, 3D printed scaffolds can still be further improved to resemble the native anatomy. 4D printing is an innovative fabrication approach combining 3D printing and smart materials, also known as stimuli-responsive materials. Especially for cardiovascular implants, 4D printing can promisingly create programmable, adaptable prostheses, which facilitates implantation and/or create the topology of the target tissue post implantation. In this review, the principles of 4D printing with a focus on the applied stimuli are explained and the underlying 3D printing technologies are presented. Then, according to the type of stimulus, recent applications of 4D printing in constructing smart cardiovascular implants and future perspectives are discussed.
Not All Electrode Channels Are Needed: Knowledge Transfer From Only Stimulated Brain Regions for EEG Emotion Recognition

Emotion recognition from affective brain-computer interfaces (aBCI) has garnered a lot of attention in human-computer interactions. Electroencephalographic (EEG) signals collected and stored in one database have been mostly used due to their ability to detect brain activities in real time and their reliability. Nevertheless, large EEG individual differences occur amongst subjects making it impossible for models to share information across. New labeled data is collected and trained separately for new subjects which costs a lot of time. Also, during EEG data collection across databases, different stimulation is introduced to subjects. Audio-visual stimulation (AVS) is commonly used in studying the emotional responses of subjects. In this article, we propose a brain region aware domain adaptation (BRADA) algorithm to treat features from auditory and visual brain regions differently, which effectively tackle subject-to-subject variations and mitigate distribution mismatch across databases. BRADA is a new framework that works with the existing transfer learning method. We apply BRADA to both cross-subject and cross-database settings. The experimental results indicate that our proposed transfer learning method can improve valence-arousal emotion recognition tasks.
Novel design of microwave diplexers using gap waveguide technology

Novel design and implementation of microwave Diplexers utilizing groove gap waveguide resonators is presented. A high performance and cost effective Ku‐band Diplexer composed of fourth‐order TX and RX Chebyshev filters is designed, simulated, and fabricated. The simulation and measurement results show good agreement, which validate the design method. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:1133–1136, 2017
Game Scoring Supporting Objects Menggunakan Agen Cerdas Berbasis Artificial Intelligence

Game are activity most structure, one that ordinary is done in fun and also education tool and help to develop practical skill, as training, education, simulation or psychological. On its developing current game have until 3D. In one game, include in First Person Shutter necessary scoring one that intent to motivate that player is more terpacu to solve game until all through, on scoring Super Mario's game Boss, Compass does count scoring haven't utilized Artifical Intelligent so so chanted, while player meet with supporting objects example ammor ability really guns directly dead, so is so easy win. Therefore at needs a count scoring interesting so more motivated in finishing problem Scoring accounting point for First Person Shutter's game . This modelling as interesting daring in one game, since model scoring one that effective gets to motivate that player is more terpacu in plays and keep player for back plays. Besides model scoring can assign value that bound up with game zoom.On Research hits scoring this game will make scoring bases some criterion which is health Point, Attack point, Defence point, And Magic what do at have supporting objects ,then in this research do compare two method are methodic statistic and Fuzzy. Result of this research 83,4 % on testing's examination and on eventually gets to be concluded that fuzzy's method in trouble finish time more long time but will player more challenging to railroad.
A Relation Semantic Information Attentive Stereoscopic Framework for Relational Triple Extraction

Extracting relational triples from unstructured 001 text is crucial for information extraction. Re-002 cent methods extract relational triple from a 003 stereoscopic perspective which can better cap-004 ture the interaction between entity and rela-005 tion. However, the stereoscopic models intro-006 duce redundant triples, which makes it difﬁcult 007 to identify triples accurately. Since the rela-008 tion is one of the elements of triples to be ex-009 tracted, the introduction of its semantic infor-010 mation can make the triple information more 011 complete, which is helpful to relational triple 012 extraction. In this work, we propose a Relation 013 Semantic Information Attentive Stereoscopic 014 framework (RSIA) which can fully represent 015 and use the semantic information of relations. 016 Speciﬁcally, a fusion encoder from transform-017 ers on top of relation encoder and sentence en-018 coder is designed to enrich the semantic infor-019 mation of relation. Then, the semantic rep-020 resentation of the relation is integrated into 021 the stereoscopic 3D space as its relation di-022 mension. Our model achieves state-of-the-art 023 performance with F1 score up to 93.5% and 024 94.3% on two public datasets and delivers con-025 sistent performance gain on complex scenarios 026 of overlapping triples. 027