Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MEASUREMENT OF THE DRIVER RESPONSE TIME IN THE SIMULATED AND REAL EMERGENCY DRIVING SITUATIONS

Studies were performed to investigate driver's reaction time through a computer-based simulator. This paper describes the FPP Driver Reaction Timer simulator and the measuring algorithm. The simulator is composed of two subsystems: one for virtual driving simulation and stimulation, and the other to measure driver's actions and reactions. Tests were performed of the driver's reaction time in both real and simulated environments, and then an evaluation of the simulator was completed. The driver's reaction time was found to be longer in the real driver environment than in the simulations. Further development of the simulator is defined and discussed.
High‐Throughput, Label‐Free and Slide‐Free Histological Imaging by Computational Microscopy and Unsupervised Learning

Rapid and high-resolution histological imaging with minimal tissue preparation has long been a challenging and yet captivating medical pursue. Here, we propose a promising and transformative histological imaging method, termed computational high-throughput autofluorescence microscopy by pattern illumination (CHAMP). With the assistance of computational microscopy, CHAMP enables high-throughput and label-free imaging of thick and unprocessed tissues with large surface irregularity at an acquisition speed of 10 mm2/10 seconds with 1.1-µm lateral resolution. Moreover, the CHAMP image can be transformed into a virtually stained histological image (Deep-CHAMP) through unsupervised learning within 15 seconds, where significant cellular features are quantitatively extracted with high accuracy. The versatility of CHAMP is experimentally demonstrated using mouse brain/kidney tissues prepared with various clinical protocols, which enables a rapid and accurate intraoperative/postoperative pathological examination without tissue processing or staining, demonstrating its great potential as an assistive imaging platform for surgeons and pathologists to provide optimal adjuvant treatment.
Maladaptive Autophagy in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Epithelitis in Sjögren's Syndrome

Salivary gland epithelial cells (SGECs) are key cellular drivers in the pathogenesis of primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS); however, the mechanisms sustaining SGEC activation in primary SS remain unclear. We undertook this study to determine the role of autophagy in the survival and activation of SGECs in primary SS.
Pcp1/pericentrin controls the SPB number in fission yeast meiosis and ploidy homeostasis

Zhu et al. show that the dynamic localization of Pcp1 on the spindle pole body (SPB) regulates SPB fusion during sexual reproduction of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Polyploid zygotes lose the dynamics of Pcp1, resulting in blockage of SPB fusion and dysregulation of meiosis and mitosis.
Where the River Deepens: Exploring Place-based Relationships Through the Swimming Hole Experience

Without a doubt, swimming holes are one of Vermont’s most valued natural resources. These spots provide a place for a diverse population to experience invigorating recreation and spiritual relaxation away from urban environments and the hustle and stress of everyday life. Unfortunately, overuse, abuse, and degradation have caused a plethora of issues at these locations over the years. The research explained in this thesis identifies the different “user groups” who make use of swimming holes in Vermont, and explores the types of place-based relationships that the individuals in these groups ascribe to water environments. Through interview, observation, and analysis, this thesis extrapolates behavioral themes, place attachment dimensions, and common problems that are present in three specific Vermont swimming holes. From this gathered information, policy and management options that offer a range of solutions to the issues at hand are described.
Myopic Open-angle Glaucoma Prevalence in Northeast Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Population-based Studies

Purpose Investigation of myopic open-angle glaucoma (OAG) prevalence in Northeast Asia by systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods Systematic PubMed, Embase and Cochrane database searches for Northeast Asian population-based studies published up to 30 November 2020 and reporting on myopia and OAG diagnosis. By random-effect models, pooled OAG prevalence in a myopic population and pooled myopic OAG prevalence in a general population were generated, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results The meta-analysis encompassed five population-based studies in four countries (12,830 individuals, including 7,723 patients with myopia and 1,112 patients with OAG). In a myopic population, OAG prevalence was 4.10% (95% CI, 3.00–5.70; I2 = 93%); in a general population, myopic OAG prevalence was 1.10% (95% CI, 0.60–1.70; I2 = 94%). A visual examination of funnel plot symmetry raised a suspicion of publication bias. Notwithstanding, Begg and Mazumbar’s adjusted rank correlation test showed no such evidence (p = 0.6242). Conclusions Our systematic review and meta-analysis returned an estimate of OAG prevalence in a myopic Northeast Asian population. Our findings will inform future glaucoma studies as well as public health guidelines for Northeast Asian populations.
Working towards frequency regulation with wind plants: Combined control approaches

A pitch angle controller and a rotor speed controller are proposed for wind plant output active power adjustment. Combining the turbine inertial control with pitch angle control provides a better outlook for long-term control. The control schemes are developed for wind generators to equip them with the capability to participate in restoring grid frequency after a disturbance. With the proposed controllers, the wind plant has a higher flexibility to operate more like a synchronous generator and is able to output either larger or smaller amounts of power as required so as to contribute to grid frequency restoration. The controllers are tested on a four-bus test system for verification of the grid frequency performance under varying system dynamic conditions.
Suicide Risk and Protective Factors in Online Support Forum Posts: Annotation Scheme Development and Validation Study

Background Online communities provide support for individuals looking for help with suicidal ideation and crisis. As community data are increasingly used to devise machine learning models to infer who might be at risk, there have been limited efforts to identify both risk and protective factors in web-based posts. These annotations can enrich and augment computational assessment approaches to identify appropriate intervention points, which are useful to public health professionals and suicide prevention researchers. Objective This qualitative study aims to develop a valid and reliable annotation scheme for evaluating risk and protective factors for suicidal ideation in posts in suicide crisis forums. Methods We designed a valid, reliable, and clinically grounded process for identifying risk and protective markers in social media data. This scheme draws on prior work on construct validity and the social sciences of measurement. We then applied the scheme to annotate 200 posts from r/SuicideWatch—a Reddit community focused on suicide crisis. Results We documented our results on producing an annotation scheme that is consistent with leading public health information coding schemes for suicide and advances attention to protective factors. Our study showed high internal validity, and we have presented results that indicate that our approach is consistent with findings from prior work. Conclusions Our work formalizes a framework that incorporates construct validity into the development of annotation schemes for suicide risk on social media. This study furthers the understanding of risk and protective factors expressed in social media data. This may help public health programming to prevent suicide and computational social science research and investigations that rely on the quality of labels for downstream machine learning tasks.
Impact of COVID-19 infection on neonatal birth outcomes.

INTRODUCTION There is limited data on newborns born to mothers with COVID-19 infection. This multicenter cohort study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of neonates born to mothers with and without COVID-19 infection to fill a gap in the literature review. METHODS The medical records of all neonates in Isfahan, Iran, between October 2020 and March 2021, were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS Among the 600 neonates in this study, 255 (42.5%) were in the infected group, and 345 (57.5%) were assigned to the control group as they were born to non-infected mothers. In the infected group, sepsis, fever, and pneumothorax were detected in 3 (1.2%), 3 (1.2%), and 4 (1.6%) neonates, respectively, compared to no case in the control group. In the infected group, Neonatal respiratory distress (NRDS) (32, 12.5%) was significantly higher than the control group (27, 10.6%). Asphyxia in the infected group was 22(6.4%), compared to 19 (5.5%), in the control group. Preterm labor (PTL) (55, 21.65%), premature rupture of membranes (PROM) (24, 9.4%) and intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR) (15, 5.9%) were significantly higher in women with COVID-19 (45, 13.0%, 4, 1.2%, and 7, 2.0%, respectively). Low birth weight (LBW) accounted for 42 (16.5%) neonates in the infected group and 25 (7.2%) in the control group (p < 0.05). Of the 255 neonates born to infected mothers, 38 (14.9%) were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), compared to 31 out of 345 (9.0%) in the control group (p < 0.05). RT-PCR test results were positive in two newborns (0.8%), one of whom died of Necrotizing enterocolitis. CONCLUSION As a result of maternal COVID-19 infections, neonates experienced higher rates of sepsis, fever, pneumothorax, asphyxia, and NRDS in addition to PTL, PROM, IUGR, and LBW. LAY SUMMARY Contradictory results have been reported on the impact of COVID-19 infection on neonatal outcomes. We conducted a review of 600 cases of neonates, with 255 (42.5%) in the COVID-19 infected and 345 (57.5%) in the control group. The results indicated that neonates born to women with COVID-19 showed higher rates of sepsis, fever, pneumothorax, asphyxia, and neonatal respiratory distress in addition to preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, intra-uterin growth retardation, and low birth weight.
Artificial Bee Colony Reinforced Extended Kalman Filter Localization Algorithm in Internet of Things with Big Data Blending Technique for Finding the Accurate Position of Reference Nodes

In recent years, the growth of internet of things (IoT) is immense, and the observations of their evolution need to be carried out effectively. The development of the IoT has been broadly adopted in the construction of intelligent environments. There are various challenging IoT issues such as routing messages, addressing, Localizing nodes, data blending, etc. Formerly learning eloquent information from big data systems to construct a data-gathering setup in an IoT environment is challenging. Among many viable data sources, the IoT is a rich big data source: Various IoT nodes produce a massive quantity of data. Localization is one of the crucial problems that make a significant impact inside the IoT system. It needs to be engaged with proper and effective procedures to collect all sorts of data without noise. Numerous localization procedures and schemes have been initiated by deploying the IoT sensor with wireless sensor networks for both interior and outside environments. To accomplish higher localization accuracy, with less cost for the large volume of data, it is considered a hectic task in the IoT sensor environment. By viewing the nature of the IoT, the merging of different technologies such as the internet, WiFi, etc., can aid diverse ways to acquire information about various objects' locations. Location-based service is an exceptional service of the IoT, whereas localization accuracy is a significant issue. The data generated from the sensor are available in both static and dynamic forms. In this article, a sophisticated accuracy localization scheme for big data is proposed with an optimization approach that can effectively produce proper and effective outcomes for IoT environments. The theme of the article is to develop an enriched Swarm Intelligence algorithm based on Artificial Bee Colony by using the EKF (Extended Kalman Filter) data blend technique for improving Localization in IoT for the unsuspecting environment. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by using communication consumption and Localization accuracy and its comparative advantage.
The effectiveness of e‐health interventions for the treatment of overweight or obesity in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to examine the effectiveness of e‐health interventions for the treatment of children and adolescents with overweight or obesity. Databases were searched up to November 2020. Studies were randomized controlled trials where interventions were delivered via e‐health (e.g., computers, tablets, and smartphones, but not phone calls). Studies should target the treatment of overweight or obesity in children or their agent of changes and report body mass index (BMI) or BMI z‐score. A meta‐analysis using a random‐effects model was conducted. Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria, and 60% were of high quality. The narrative review revealed variation in behavior change strategies and modes of delivery. The pooled mean reduction in BMI or BMI z‐score showed evidence for a nonzero effect (standardized mean difference = −0.31, 95% confidence interval −0.49 to −0.13), with moderately high heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 74%, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed high heterogeneity in studies with a high or unclear risk of bias. E‐health interventions can be effective in treating children and adolescents with overweight and obesity and should be considered by practitioners and policymakers. However, an understanding of the most effective and acceptable intervention components, long‐term benefits, and sustainability should be further studied.
Commentary on Elbers et al. “Longitudinal outcome evaluations of IMPT programs”

"This journal recently published a paper by Elbers et al., entitled "Longitudinal outcome evaluations of interdisciplinary multimodal pain treatment programs for patients with chronic primary musculoskeletal pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis". It not only provides an evaluation of outcomes, but also a glimpse into the nature of these programs. Elbers and colleagues raise several issues of importance for clinicians, clinical researchers, and health service providers/funders.
4CMenB vaccine and its role in preventing transmission and inducing herd immunity

ABSTRACT Introduction Vaccination is the most effective method of protecting people from invasive meningococcal disease (IMD). Of all the capsular groups, B is the most common cause of invasive meningococcal disease in many parts of the world. Despite this, adolescent meningococcal B vaccine programs have not been implemented globally, partly due to the lack of evidence for herd immunity afforded by meningococcal B vaccines. Areas covered This review aims to synthesize the available evidence on recombinant 4 CMenB vaccines’ ability to reduce pharyngeal carriage and therefore provide indirect (herd) immunity against IMD. Expert opinion There is some evidence that the 4CMenB vaccine may induce cross-protection against non-B carriage of meningococci. However, the overall body of evidence does not support a clinically significant reduction in carriage of disease-associated or group B meningococci following 4CMenB vaccination. No additional cost-benefit from herd immunity effects should be included when modeling the cost-effectiveness of 4CMenB vaccine programs against group B IMD. 4CMenB immunization programs should focus on direct (individual) protection for groups at greatest risk of meningococcal disease. Future meningococcal B and combination vaccines being developed should consider the impact of the vaccine on carriage as part of their clinical evaluation.
Functional near‐infrared spectroscopy to assess pain in neonatal circumcisions

Pain assessment is challenging in neonates. Behavioral and physiological pain scales do not assess neocortical nociception, essential to pain encoding and central pain pathway development. Functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) can assess neocortical activation to noxious stimuli from changes in oxy‐(HbO) and total‐hemoglobin concentrations (HbT). This study aims to assess fNIRS nociceptive functional activation in the prefrontal cortex of neonates undergoing circumcision through changes in HbO and HbT, and the correlation between changes in fNIRS and Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS), a behavioral pain assessment scale.
The emergence of the ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae FC428 clone by transfer of resistance from an oral Neisseria subflava reservoir of resistance.

BACKGROUND The ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae FC428 clone was first discovered in Japan in 2015. OBJECTIVES We investigated the possibility of horizontal gene transfer from Neisseria subflava harbouring the mosaic-like PBP-2 in the emergence of the FC428 clone. We also analysed whether there were fitness costs associated with the sustained international dissemination of the clone. METHODS Sequencing of the penA gene in ceftriaxone-resistant N. subflava strains was performed. For transformation experiments between donor N. subflava and ciprofloxacin-resistant wild-type penA N. gonorrhoeae recipient, the full-length PCR amplification product of the penA gene, including DUS regions, was used as the donor DNA. Biological fitness of the transformants was measured by growth competition assays. The impact of QRDR and mtrR mutations, which have been reported as compensatory mutations, on fitness was also assessed. RESULTS The penA mosaic allele of the FC428 clone showed 100%, 91.8%, and 89.8% homology, respectively, with penA genes of three ceftriaxone-resistant N. subflava strains, No. 30, No. 9 and No. 14. Results were consistent with homologous recombination with the donated penA mosaic allele. In co-cultures with the parent strain, transformants showed comparable growth indicating that a gyrA mutation compensates for the fitness cost of mosaic penA alleles. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the hypothesis that the FC428 clone was generated by transformation of the mosaic penA allele from oropharyngeal N. subflava to N. gonorrhoeae. Furthermore, it suggests that mutations in the gyrA QRDR region compensate for fitness costs and contribute to the continued transmission of the FC428 clone.
Research gaps and new insights in the evolution of Drosophila seminal fluid proteins

While the striking effects of seminal fluid proteins (SFPs) on females are fairly conserved among Diptera, most SFPs lack detectable homologues among the SFP repertoires of phylogenetically distant species. How such a rapidly changing proteome conserves functions across taxa is a fascinating question. However, this and other pivotal aspects of SFPs' evolution remain elusive because discoveries on these proteins have been mainly restricted to the model Drosophila melanogaster. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the inter‐specific divergence of the SFP repertoire in Drosophila and compile the increasing amount of relevant genomic information from multiple species. Capitalizing on the accumulated knowledge in D. melanogaster, we present novel sets of high‐confidence SFP candidates and transcription factors presumptively involved in regulating the expression of SFPs. We also address open questions by performing comparative genomic analyses that failed to support the existence of many conserved SFPs shared by most dipterans and indicated that gene co‐option is the most frequent mechanism accounting for the origin of Drosophila SFP‐coding genes. We hope our update establishes a starting point to integrate further data and thus widen the understanding of the intricate evolution of these proteins.
Intermittent Fasting Enhances Right Ventricular Function in Preclinical Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Background Intermittent fasting (IF) confers pleiotropic cardiovascular benefits including restructuring of the gut microbiome and augmentation of cellular metabolism. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare and lethal disease characterized by right ventricular (RV) mitochondrial dysfunction and resultant lipotoxicity and microbiome dysbiosis. However, the effects of IF on RV function in PAH are unexplored. Therefore, we investigated how IF altered gut microbiota composition, RV function, and survival in the monocrotaline model of PAH. Methods and Results Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups: control, monocrotaline‐ad libitum feeding, and monocrotaline‐IF (every other day feeding). Echocardiography and invasive hemodynamics showed IF improved RV systolic and diastolic function despite no significant change in PAH severity. IF prevented premature mortality (30% mortality rate in monocrotaline‐ad libitum versus 0% in monocrotaline‐IF rats, P=0.04). IF decreased RV cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and reduced RV fibrosis. IF prevented RV lipid accrual on Oil Red O staining and ceramide accumulation as determined by metabolomics. IF mitigated the reduction in jejunum villi length and goblet cell abundance when compared with monocrotaline‐ad libitum. The 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing demonstrated IF changed the gut microbiome. In particular, there was increased abundance of Lactobacillus in monocrotaline‐IF rats. Metabolomics profiling revealed IF decreased RV levels of microbiome metabolites including bile acids, aromatic amino acid metabolites, and gamma‐glutamylated amino acids. Conclusions IF directly enhanced RV function and restructured the gut microbiome. These results suggest IF may be a non‐pharmacological approach to combat RV dysfunction, a currently untreatable and lethal consequence of PAH.
Angiographic-only or intravascular ultrasound-guided approach for left-main coronary artery intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Introduction The use of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in percutaneous revascularization of left-main coronary artery disease (LMCAD) warrants further exploration. We aimed to collate all available data on the merits of IVUS in LMCAD to help decision-making. Methods The MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases were queried for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational cohort studies (OCS). The data were analyzed using random-effects model to calculate unadjusted odds ratio (OR) between IVUS-guided and angiography-only LMCA revascularization. Results A total of 14 studies (2 RCTs and 12 OCS), comprising 18944 patients, were included. The pooled odds of all-cause mortality (OR 0.57, 95%CI 0.46–0.70, p = <0.00001), cardiovascular mortality (OR 0.37, 95%CI 0.26–0.54, p = <0.00001), left-main revascularization (OR 0.63, 95%CI 0.45–0.89, p = 0.009) and myocardial infarction (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.66–0.97, p = 0.02) were significantly lower with IVUS-guidance. There was no difference observed in the odds of the stent thrombosis (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.31–1.05, p = 0.07) and stroke (OR 1.7, 95%CI 0.56–5.14, p = 0.35) between the two groups. A subgroup analysis based on the study design and follow-up duration mirrored the pooled estimates. Conclusion IVUS-guided LMCA intervention is associated with overall improved cardiovascular outcomes than the angiography-only approach. This needs to be tested in a large randomized controlled trial.