Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Viral Threat in Cotton: How New and Emerging Technologies Accelerate Virus Identification and Virus Resistance Breeding

Cotton (Gossypium spp. L., Malvaceae) is the world’s largest source of natural fibers. Virus outbreaks are fast and economically devasting regarding cotton. Identifying new viruses is challenging as virus symptoms usually mimic nutrient deficiency, insect damage, and auxin herbicide injury. Traditional viral identification methods are costly and time-consuming. Developing new resistant cotton lines to face viral threats has been slow until the recent use of molecular virology, genomics, new breeding techniques (NBT), remote sensing, and artificial intelligence (AI). This perspective article demonstrates rapid, sensitive, and cheap technologies to identify viral diseases and propose their use for virus resistance breeding.
A Reflection Upon the Contribution of Retinal and Cortical Electrophysiology to Time of Information Processing in Psychiatric Disorders

1 Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie d’Adultes et d’Addictologie du Grand Nancy, Centre Psychothérapique de Nancy, Laxou, France, 2 INSERM U1254, IADI, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France, 3 Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France, 4 Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France, Université Paris Est Creteil (UPEC), AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires ≪ H. Mondor ≫, DMU IMPACT, FHU ADAPT, INSERMU955, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Creteil, France
Structural and Functional Changes in Aged Skin Lymphatic Vessels

Lymphatic structure and function play a critical role in fluid transport, antigen delivery, and immune homeostasis. A dysfunctional lymphatic system is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation of peripheral tissues, poor immune responses, and recurrent infections, which are also hallmarks of aging pathology. Previous studies have shown that aging impairs lymphatic structure and function in a variety of organ systems, including the intestines and central nervous system. However, previous studies are mostly limited to qualitative analysis of lymphatic structural changes and quantification of intestinal collecting vessel contractile function. It is not clear whether decreased lymphatic function contributes to pathological conditions related to aging, nor how it affects the skin immune microenvironment. Further, the effects of aging on skin initial and collecting lymphatic vessels, dendritic cell (DC) migration, cutaneous lymphatic pumping, and VEGFR-3 signaling in lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) have not been quantitatively analyzed. Here, using fluorescent immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry, we confirm that aging decreases skin initial and collecting lymphatic vessel density. Indocyanine green (ICG) lymphangiography and DC migration assays confirm that aging decreases both fluid pumping and cell migration via lymphatic vessels. At the cellular level, aging causes decreased VEGFR-3 signaling, leading to increased LEC apoptosis and senescence. Finally, we determined that aging causes decreased lymphatic production of chemokines and alters LEC expression of junctional and adhesion molecules. This in turn leads to increased peri-lymphatic inflammation and nitrosative stress that might contribute to aging pathology in a feed-forward manner. Taken together, our study, in addition to quantitatively corroborating previous findings, suggests diverse mechanisms that contribute to lymphatic dysfunction in aging that in turn exacerbate the pathology of aging in a feed-forward manner.
Extra-Oral Taste Receptors—Function, Disease, and Perspectives

Taste perception is crucial for the critical evaluation of food constituents in human and other vertebrates. The five basic taste qualities salty, sour, sweet, umami (in humans mainly the taste of L-glutamic acid) and bitter provide important information on the energy content, the concentration of electrolytes and the presence of potentially harmful components in food items. Detection of the various taste stimuli is facilitated by specialized receptor proteins that are expressed in taste buds distributed on the tongue and the oral cavity. Whereas, salty and sour receptors represent ion channels, the receptors for sweet, umami and bitter belong to the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. In particular, the G protein-coupled taste receptors have been located in a growing number of tissues outside the oral cavity, where they mediate important processes. This article will provide a brief introduction into the human taste perception, the corresponding receptive molecules and their signal transduction. Then, we will focus on taste receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, which participate in a variety of processes including the regulation of metabolic functions, hunger/satiety regulation as well as in digestion and pathogen defense reactions. These important non-gustatory functions suggest that complex selective forces have contributed to shape taste receptors during evolution.
Risk Factors and Neurologic Outcomes Associated With Resuscitation in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

In the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), cardiac arrest (CA) is rare but results in high rates of morbidity and mortality. A retrospective chart review of 223 patients who suffered from in-PICU CA was analyzed from January 2017 to December 2020. Outcomes at discharge were evaluated using pediatric cerebral performance category (PCPC). Return of spontaneous circulation was attained by 167 (74.8%) patients. In total, only 58 (25%) patients survived to hospital discharge, and 49 (21.9%) of the cohort had good neurologic outcomes. Based on multivariate logistic regression analysis, vasoactive–inotropic drug usage before CA, previous PCPC scale >2, underlying hemato-oncologic disease, and total time of CPR were risk factors associated with poor outcomes. Furthermore, we determined the cutoff value of duration of CPR in predicting poor neurologic outcomes and in-hospital mortality in patients caused by in-PICU CA as 17 and 23.5 min respectively.
Health-Related Quality of Life and Its Related Factors in Survivors of Stroke in Rural China: A Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Study

Background Stroke is a major health threat and the leading cause of mortality and disability in China. The aims of this study were to identify the possible influencing factors of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its domain-specific contents in stroke patients in rural areas in China. Methods A total of 1,709 stroke patients aged 36–79 years from the baseline data of Henan Rural Cohort study (n = 39,259) were included in the cross-sectional study. The Chinese version of the European Quality of Life Five Dimension (including mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression) Five Level Scale (EQ-5D-5L) and visual analog scale (VAS) were used to evaluate HRQoL in stroke patients. Tobit regression models, generalized linear models and binary logistic regression models were constructed to determine potential influencing factors of the EQ-5D utility index, as well as influencing factors of each domain and VAS score. Results The mean utility index and VAS scores of stroke patients were 0.885 (SD, 0.204), and 68.39 (SD, 17.31), respectively. Pain/discomfort (PD, 35.2%) and mobility (MO, 30.4%) were the most frequently reported issues. Regression models revealed that illiterate; a low monthly income; low physical activity intensity; and diabetes, anxiety, depression, or poor sleep quality were significantly associated with lower utility index and VAS scores among stroke patients. In addition, patients with stroke who were older, female, drinking, smoking, and consuming a high-fat diet, had a higher BMI, and lived with a stroke for a longer time, were also significantly associated with different dimensions of the EQ-5D. Conclusion Patients with stroke in rural areas in China had a low HRQoL. Factors associated with the EQ-5D utility index as well as each domain and VAS score, need to be considered by health providers in rural areas. Patients with stroke in rural areas need to be included in national basic public medical services and managed systematically by medical institutions.
Recovery of the inherent dynamics of noise-driven amplifier flows

Unsteadiness in noise amplifier flows is driven and sustained by upstream environmental perturbations. A dynamic mode decomposition performed with snapshots taken in the statistically steady state extracts marginally stable dynamic modes, which mimic the sustained dynamics but miss the actual intrinsic stable behaviour of these flows. In this study, we present an alternative data-driven technique which attempts to identify and separate the intrinsic linear stable behaviour from the driving term. This technique uses a system-identification algorithm to extract a reduced state-space model of the flow from time-dependent input–output data. Such a model accurately predicts the values of the velocity field (output) from measurements of an upstream sensor that captures the effect of the incoming perturbations (input). The methodology is illustrated on a two-dimensional boundary layer subject to Tollmien–Schlichting instabilities, a canonical example of flow acting as a noise amplifier. The spectrum of the identified model compares well with the results reported in literature for the full-order system. Yet the comparison appears to be only qualitative, due to the poor robustness properties of eigenvalue spectra in noise-amplifier flows. We therefore advocate the use of the frequency response between the upstream sensor and the flow dynamics, which is revealed to be a robust quantity. The frequency response is validated against full-order computations and compares well with a local spatial stability analysis.
Simulation and visualization of ultrasound fields

First, I wish to express my sincere gratitude to my main supervisor, Professor Sverre Holm, for his patience and understanding throughout my labour, and that little extra support when the going got tough. A big thank you goes to my bi-supervisor, System Engineer Dag F. Langmyhr, for his collaboration. A special note of thanks goes to Roger O. Thank you, Roger, for coming to IFI the saturday after your birthday party. I also wish to thank Sooa, Ranjith and Shiva for helping me with small details of my thesis. Together with Nihal, Sam, Dilu, Bahee, Hisham and Chamath, they were always there for me with a little bit of encouragement when I needed it. Finally, I wish to thank my parents and my t w o brothers who always are understanding and encouraging although they were thousands of miles away.
BIOARCHAEOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF A LATE BRONZE AGE SKELETAL ASSEMBLAGE FROM KATARET ES-SAMRA, JORDAN

Two tombs from approximately the Late Bronze Age IB and IC (ca. 1400–1300 B.C.E.) were discovered at Tell Kataret es-Samra, Jordan and excavated in 1978 and 1985. Until this thesis, the skeletal remains had not been fully studied, with only an unsystematic osteological description of Tomb 2 published in 2017. The Late Bronze Age signals a period of transition within the Near East during which many Mediterranean and Levantine civilizations underwent notable political, economic, and settlement shifts theoretically related to growing global trade and the impact of the Egyptian empire. The LBA IB and IC in particular represent the height of Egyptian power and influence in the Cisjordan. Despite many Late Bronze/Early Iron Age cemetery excavations in the southern Levant, little skeletal material has been studied, and those assemblages that have been studied produced only nominal descriptions rather than an interpretive and analytical perspective. Bioarchaeological data can provide a novel perspective on both the health and diet effects of social change, and the information derived could provide a new understanding of this period of Jordanian history. This thesis establishes an updated MNI for both tombs, as well as a systematic study of skeletal lesions that can illuminate physiological stress and malnutrition in addition to morbidity and mortality patterns more successfully than a descriptive report.
Krüppel-like Transcription Factor 9 is Down Regulated in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma is in

Krüppel-like transcription factor 9 (KLF9) belongs to the Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) families, which consists of 17 evolutionarily conserved zinc finger containing proteins with diverse regulatory functions. KLF9 involved in the development of mouse, oxidative stress and regulating gene transcription in eukaryocyte [1-3]. KLF9 influences the adhesion, apoptosis, and proliferation [4-6]. And the expression is down regulated in many type of tumor such breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and restore the expression would inhibit the migration and induce the apoptosis of cancer cell respectively. The results above indicated the anti-oncogenic function of KLF9. Previous, we found that KLF9 was associated with the prognosis of pancreatic cancer, but the underlying mechanism has not delineated in pancreatic cancer [7-9]. Transcription Factor 9 Down Regulated Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Abstract Background: Krüppel-like transcription factor 9(KLF9) plays a vital role in various type of tumors. However the effect of KLF9 on the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is unclear. Materials and Methods: We detected the expression of KLF9 in the pancreatic tumor samples by immunohistochemistry and analyzed the association between KLF9 and the clinical parameter. Furthermore we transfected the KLF9 expression vector with Lipofectamine 2000 to overexpressed the expression of KLF9and used RNAi to knockdown the expression of KLF9 in the pancreatic cancer cell lines and explored the affection of KLF9 on the tumor cells by Boyden chamber assay, MTT, western blot and soft agar. Results: The expression of KLF9 was down regulated in PDAC tissues and associated with tumor differentiation and vascular invasion. By Kaplan-Meier analysis, patients whose pancreatic cancer cell nuclear expressed KLF9 (median survival, 22 months) had a significantly better prognosis than patients whose tumor did not (median survival, 11 months; log-rank P =.001). Overexpression of KLF9 inhibited the proliferation and the migration of pancreatic cancer cell and associated with the repression of cell adhesion. Conclusion: These results suggested that KLF9 played a role in PDAC development and was a potent prognostic factor. Statistical analyses were performed with the SPSS software (Chicago, IL, USA, version 16.0 for Window). Continuous variables were expressed as mean ± SD or median ± range; categorical variables were expressed as percentages. Chi-square test and Fisher exact test were used to examine the correlation between the KLF9 expression and clinicopathological characteristics. Kaplan-Meier estimates and log-rank tests were used for overall survival (OS) analysis. For all analyses, P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All the figures were created by Photoshop.
Perspectives on the Open Educational Resources

Th is study introduced the open educational resources (OER) aided learning in a computer aided classroom. Th e course materials included the OER, composed in English, and a textbook translated into Taiwan’s traditional Chinese. Furthermore, the OER improved students’ conceptual understanding of both language and professional knowledge. Finally, the conceptual color plate analysis was employed to evaluate the related factors among universities, students, and teachers. Based on the statistics of the previous OER studies, it is predictable that OER aided learning may be popular in the future. Besides, the library plays a very important role in life-long learning, and will be crucial in the future because advanced guides and indexing of digital contents and OER can give the self-learner a better tool for life-long learning.
Melanoma, mole or sebaceous wart? It can be diﬃcult to distinguish between malignant melanoma, pigmented naevus and seborrheic keratosis. Cure�age and punch biopsy are simple procedures that can be performed by a general practitioner to determine a diagnosis.

examination, we have presented three procedures (with video) which a general practitioner should be able to perform in order to ensure a deﬁnite diagnosis. We believe that increased use of these procedures can produce an earlier diagnosis and hence improve the prognosis in cases of malignant melanoma. At the same time, a more certain diagnosis of seborrheic keratoses and atypical pigmented naevi in general practice means a more rapid clariﬁcation for patients, and fewer referrals to the specialist health service.
LogicMEM: Automatic Profile Generation for Binary-Only Memory Forensics via Logic Inference

—Memory forensic tools rely on the knowledge of kernel symbols and kernel object layouts to retrieve digital evidence and artifacts from memory dumps. This knowledge is called proﬁle. Existing solutions for proﬁle generation are either inconvenient or inaccurate. In this paper, we propose a logic inference approach to automatically generating a proﬁle directly from a memory dump. It leverages the invariants existing in ker- nel data structures across all kernel versions and conﬁgurations to precisely locate forensics-required ﬁelds in kernel objects. We have implemented a prototype named L OGIC M EM and evaluated it on memory dumps collected from mainstream Linux distribu- tions, customized Linux kernels with random conﬁgurations, and operating systems designed for Android smartphones and embed- ded devices. The evaluation results show that the proposed logic inference approach is well-suited for locating forensics-required ﬁelds and achieves 100% precision and recall for mainstream Linux distributions and 100% precision and 95% recall for customized kernels with random conﬁgurations. Moreover, we show that false negatives can be eliminated with improved logic rules. We also demonstrate that L OGIC M EM can generate proﬁles when it is otherwise difﬁcult (if not impossible) for existing approaches, and support memory forensics tasks such as rootkit detection.
High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum Importin α

The global burden of malaria and toxoplasmosis has been limited by the use of efficacious anti-parasitic agents, however, emerging resistance in Plasmodium species and Toxoplasma gondii threatens disease control worldwide, implying that new agents/therapeutic targets are urgently needed. Nuclear localization signal (NLS)-dependent transport into the nucleus, mediated by members of the importin (IMP) superfamily of nuclear transporters, has shown potential as a target for intervention to limit viral infection. Here, we show for the first time that IMPα from P. falciparum and T. gondii have promise as targets for small molecule inhibitors. We use high-throughput screening to identify agents able to inhibit P. falciparum IMPα binding to a P. falciparum NLS, identifying a number of compounds that inhibit binding in the µM-nM range, through direct binding to P. falciparum IMPα, as shown in thermostability assays. Of these, BAY 11-7085 is shown to be a specific inhibitor of P. falciparum IMPα-NLS recognition. Importantly, a number of the inhibitors limited growth by both P. falciparum and T. gondii. The results strengthen the hypothesis that apicomplexan IMPα proteins have potential as therapeutic targets to aid in identifying novel agents for two important, yet neglected, parasitic diseases.
The Use of Selfie Camera Traps to Estimate Home Range and Movement Patterns of Small Mammals in a Fragmented Landscape

Simple Summary Camera trapping allows scientists to study a range of species, across large areas for long periods of time, with little impact on animals. It has been readily used to study movements and territories of large mammals but not for smaller species. This is because they often appear too small on camera to be able to identify distinct individuals. The selfie trap is a method that allows for up close and detailed images of small mammals, and our study aimed to test the ability of the method to track the movement and social behaviour of sugar gliders. We found that the selfie trap is an efficient camera trapping method for estimating home ranges and movements due to its ability to obtain high recapture rates for multiple small mammal species and individuals. In our study landscape, linear strips of habitat were readily utilised by all small mammals, highlighting their importance as wildlife corridors in a fragmented landscape. Abstract The use of camera traps to track individual mammals to estimate home range and movement patterns, has not been previously applied to small mammal species. Our aim was to evaluate the use of camera trapping, using the selfie trap method, to record movements of small mammals within and between fragments of habitat. In a fragmented landscape, 164 cameras were set up across four survey areas, with cameras left to record continuously for 28 nights. Live trapping was performed prior to ear mark animals to facilitate individual identification on camera. Four small mammal species (sugar glider; Petaurus breviceps; brown antechinus; Antechinus stuartii, bush rat; Rattus fuscipes, and brown rat; Rattus norvigecus) were recorded on camera (N = 284 individuals). The maximum distance travelled by an individual sugar glider was 14.66 km, antechinus 4.24 km; bush rat 1.90 km and brown rat 1.28 km. Movements of both female and male sugar gliders in linear fragments were recorded at much higher rates than in larger patches of forest sampled in grids. Short term core homes ranges (50% KDE) of 34 sugar gliders ranged from 0.3 ha to 4.2 ha. Sugar glider core home ranges were on average 1.2 ha (±0.17) for females and 2.4 ha (±0.28) for males. The selfie trap is an efficient camera trapping method for estimating home ranges and movements due to its ability to obtain high recapture rates for multiple species and individuals. In our study landscape, linear strips of habitat were readily utilised by all small mammals, highlighting their importance as wildlife corridors in a fragmented landscape.