Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Pollution on Freshwater Organisms

This review includes works published in the general scientific literature during 2011 on the effects of anthropogenic pollutants on freshwater organisms. It begins with a section on research reviews. This is followed by reviews of research categorized in sections to reflect the pollutant class. These sections include wastewater, textile industry pollution, stormwater and non‐point source pollution, nutrients, botanical extracts, surfactants, metals, perchlorate, persistent organic pollutants, pharmaceuticals, endocrine disruptors, antimicrobials, pesticides, petroleum hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), ionic liquids, and nanomaterials. The final section includes works describing innovations in the field of freshwater pollution research.
Smartphones Platform Security a Comparison Study

Nowadays Smart phones and other mobile devices have become incredibly important in every aspect of our life. Because they have practically offered same capabilities as desktop workstations as well as come to be powerful in terms of CPU (Central processing Unit), Storage and installing numerous applications. So, security aspect of those devices should be taken into account seriously since phone users access wide range of none secure wireless networks and download applications on free sources which may contain harmful viruses and/or malwares. The best way of securing mobile devices is to enforce good security policy through operating systems. This paper will walk around main necessary principles of security in mobile operating systems. Then will compare those principles for four main mobile operating systems such as Android from Google, BlackBerry from research motion, Windows mobile phone from Microsoft and iOS from Apple. Finally, this paper will provide some potential steps to achieve proper mobile security.
Calcified gelatin nanofibers for guided tissue regeneration using water-based benign solvent: An investigation for periodontal applications

I would like to express my sincere gratitude for my mentor, Advisor and my elder brother: Dr. Nageh Allam for his continuous support and inspirational presence throughout my thesis. He has been a leading model with his unconditional dedication to research, strong passion for science and exceptional deeds. I would like to express my deep appreciation to Prof. Suher Zada for providing me the opportunity to join her tissue culture team and supporting me with all the tools together with the guidance to learn tissue culture technique. I want to extend my thanks to Al-Alfi Foundation for funding my master courses through the entire two years and the American University in Cairo for graduate grants. Special thanks to Dr. Andreas Kakarougkas for supplying us with hTERT fibroblast cell line. I would like to thank my team members for their continuous help; it has been an honor being a member of the EML team. Special thanks goes to the musketeers; Mohamed Salama, Ahmed Shehata, Ahmed Khalifa and to my special friend and companion Aya Adel who made my worst days easier. Thank you: Ahmed Mohey, Amer and Ali for your help with my chemicals. In addition, I would like to thank Nashaat for his help with XRD and FTIR samples. Menna Samir, Mona Bakr, Dr. Mona, Dr. Ayat, Basamat, Icell, Mohamed Soliman, Ahmed Biby and Ibrahim, I could not make it without your continuous support. I would like to thank Dr. Ahmed Moustafa, Amgad Ouf, Noha Nagdy, Sarah Sonbol, Mona Radi, Laila Ziko, Wessam, Eman El-zeniny, Nancy, Mr. Zein, and Mr. Mohamed for their continuous help. In addition, I would like to thank Dr. Nahed for her help with the BJH measurements and all colleagues at Youssef Jameel Science and Technology Research Center (YJSTRC) especially Saqr, Eng. Ehab and Eng. Beltagy. Thanks extended to Ahmed Omia and Mr. Mahmoud at the Chemistry department. Last but not least, all the love goes to my family, supporting friends and work colleagues who provided everything to help me; especially Jana and Abdullah, You are my cheerleading team and strong motivation. Thank you: Rahab, Mariam Azmy, Bothaina, Olla, Mohamed Badawy and Ahmed Mazen.
Nonpoint Source Pollution

Nonpoint source (NPS) pollution is pollution affecting a water body from diffuse sources, rather than a point source which discharges to a water body at a single location. It was ranked by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as the leading cause of water pollution in the United States (EPA841-F-96-004A). Since NPS may derive from many different sources, it is difficult to regulate and specific solutions to rectify the situation are problematic. In this article, NPS related researches published in 2007 are reviewed, and these are organized under NPS sources, controlling factors, modeling and control strategies.
Training for Total Quality Management in ICT: A Case Study of Digital Divide Data

In today's dynamic and highly competitive marketpla ce businesses are focusing on ways to improve productivity and customer satisfaction. Businesses are seeking solutions to help them improve quality. Total quality management (TQM) is a management approach t hat has become increasingly prevalent as a strategy to continuous quality improvement and cust omer satisfaction. This paper examines the relationship that exists between training and Total Quality Management as well as the role of training for successful TQM implementation at Digital Divide Dat a.
Educational Data Mining Classifier For Semester One Performance to Improve Engineering Students Achievement

In higher education system, it's very important to predict academic performance for students, instructors and management during the course. If institutions able to predict and assess student performance early in the beginning of the course, thus students and instructors ought to take action for better achievement. In order to accomplish such action in Universiti Teknologi Mara that introduces Electrical Engineering Students to fundamental subjects in semester one such as Signal and System, Electrical Circuit, Mathematics and Electronics; this research is to classify students' performance at the beginning of the course to predict students' final achievement. In this study, Neuro-Fuzzy classifier system in educational data mining is used to analyze data of semester one and predict students' achievement upon graduation. In order to increase the performance of the system; data pre- processing and investigation using linear regression and statistics are used to explore the performance of semester one. By means of applying these methods, students' performance is classified in the beginning of the study, achievement upon graduation is predicted and accuracy is evaluated with actual data.
Working time flexibility components of companies in Europe

Working time flexibility comprises a wide variety of arrangements, from part-time, overtime, to long-term leaves. Theoretical approaches to grouping these arrangements have been developed, but empirical underpinnings are rare. This paper investigates the bundles that can be found for various flexible working time arrangements, using data of the Establishment Survey on Working Time (ESWT), 2004/2005, covering 21 EU member states and 13 industries. Using factor analyses, the results confirmed that working time arrangements can be grouped into two bundles, one for the employee-centred arrangements, a second for the employer-centred arrangements, and that these two bundles are separate dimensions. We have also tested the stability of the factor analysis outcome, showing that although there are some deviations from the pan-Europe and pan-industry outcome, the naming of the components as flexibility for employees and flexibility for employers can be interpreted as holding rather stable. Lastly, we also find that there are three country clusters that can be found for the 21 European countries using the bundle. The first group consisting of the Northern European countries with Poland and Czech Republic, the second group the continental European countries with UK and Ireland, and lastly, the southern European countries with Hungary and Slovenia.
Test Wisc IV: una mirada desde la herramienta kinect

This article aims at using Wisc IV Test to obtain the intellectual quotient of 6 year-old kids by creating a computer application with Kinect sensor, developed by Microsoft. This software allows interaction with the kid through collaborative activities, both theoretical and practical, supported by technology. This work presents the conceptual study of application of Wisc IV, Kinect sensor, and analyzes Scrum development model. Finally, results of the use of the application are described.
Intrinsic Energy Dissipation Limits in Nano and Micromechanical Resonators

Resonant microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) have enabled miniaturization of high-performance inertial sensors, radio-frequency filters, timing references and mass-based chemical sensors. Despite the increasing prevalence of MEMS resonators for these applications, the energy dissipation in these structures is not well-understood. Accurate prediction of the energy loss and the resulting quality factor (Q) has significant design implications because it is directly related to device performance metrics including sensitivity for resonant sensors, bandwidth for radio-frequency filters and phase-noise for timing references. In order to assess the future potential for MEMS resonators it is critically important to evaluate the energy dissipation limits, which will dictate the ultimate performance resonant MEMS devices can achieve. This work focuses on the derivation and evaluation of the intrinsic mechanical energy dissipation limit for single-crystal nano and micromechanical resonators due to anharmonic phonon-phonon scattering in the Akhiezer regime. The energy loss is derived using perturbation theory and the linearized Boltzmann transport equation for phonons, and includes the direction and polarization dependent mode-Gruneisen parameters in order to capture the strain-induced anharmonicity among phonon branches. Evaluation of the quality factor limit reveals that Akhiezer damping, previously thought to depend only on material properties, has a strong dependence on crystal orientation and resonant mode shape. The robust model provides a dissipation limit for all resonant modes including shear-mode vibrations, which have significantly reduced energy loss because dissipative phonon-phonon scattering is restricted to volume-preserving phonon branches, indicating that Lame or wine-glass mode resonators will have the highest upper limit on mechanical efficiency. Finally, the analytical dissipation model is integrated with commercial finite element software in order to evaluate the Akhiezer-limited Q for resonators with complex geometries and mode shapes and provide a prediction for the temperature dependence of the energy loss. This theory satisfies the pressing need for a reliable, analytical model that can predict the phonon dissipation limits for modern, resonant MEMS devices, where precise manufacturing techniques and accurate finite element methods can be used to select particular vibrational mode shapes and crystal orientations.
Substrate integrated waveguide omnidirectional filtering antenna with a controllable radiation null for 5.8 GHz WiFi application

A filtering antenna composed of a monopole and two stacked circular substrates integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity for 5.8 GHz WiFi application is proposed in this letter. Cross‐coupling between the feeding probe and the second SIW cavity resonator is utilized to generate a radiation null at the frequency above the working band. By properly designing the location of the feeding probe and the size of the coupling slot between the two SIW resonators, the frequency of the radiation null can be adjusted. Experimental results of the fabricated filtering antenna show good agreement with the simulated performance. The measured filtering antenna response has a return loss greater than 10 dB with a fractional bandwidth of 16.4% centered at 5.48 GHz while there is a radiation null at 6.85 GHz. Omnidirectional patterns are achieved in horizontal plane with a maximum gain of 1.1 dBi. The proposed filtering antenna has the merits of compact size and good stopband radiation suppression.
CURRENT CONTROVERSIES IN PHYSICS MAGNETOSPHERIC

The scientific ascent of humankind comes in two forms: incremental progress with traditional thinking, and paradigm transition. The latter typically engenders intense debate, often long lasting, before the transition of the paradigm is deemed acceptable. The magnetospheric discipline is no exception, especially in view of the sparse observations available to reach conclusive theory-data closure. Scientific controversies erve an important role in identifying significant unresolved issues for progress to be made. This review highlights key issues on four controversies present in magnetospheric physics: (1) the on-and-off debate on whether the magnetic field combined with the plasma bulk flow or the electric field combined with the current density is the primary quantity in treating magnetospheric problems; (2) the proper interpretation of transient dayside magnetospheric phenomena, i.e., whether they are related to flux transfer events, plasma transfer events, or solar wind pressure pulses; (3) the physical processes responsible for substorm onset; and (4) justifications for substorms or enhanced magnetospheric convection as the cause of magnetic storms. In issue 1 the merits and limitations of the two approaches are expounded. In issue 2 the predicted similarities and differences between the three interpretations are summarized. In issue 3 the strengths and weaknesses of prominent existing substorm models are elaborated on. In issue 4 the two contributors to storms are recognized and combined. Each controversy has an element of a paradigm transition. The resolutions of these controversies appear to also have one common element in that the presumption of only one theory to be correct may not be valid; a synthesis of existing theories may provide a better understanding of all features associated with the phenom-
Optimize solid‐state synthesis of P2‐Na0.67Ni0.33Mn0.67O2 cathode materials by using the orthogonal experimental design method

The P2‐Na0.67Ni0. 33Mn0.67O2 cathode materials were acquired by convenient solid‐state method; the preparation conditions and electrochemical performance of materials were studied in this article. The optimal synthesis parameters are systematically studied via orthogonal experiments. The synthesis conditions, including factors of the excess Na content, calcination temperature, and calcination time, were optimized based on an orthogonal experimental design. Orthogonal experiment shows that the excess Na content has the greatest influence on the discharge capacity of the P2‐Na0.67Ni0. 33Mn0.67O2 materials. And the optimal technological parameters are determined as follows: the excess Na content of 3%, the calcining temperature of 900°C, and calcining time of 10 hours. The microstructure of the material was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), and then, we discussed the influence of different synthesis conditions on the microstructure of the material. Through the study of the electrochemical properties of P2‐Na0.67Ni0. 33Mn0.67O2 samples, we know that materials have good initial discharge capacity (159.3 mAh g−1) and excellent rate performance.
Trust-Promoting Seals in Green Information Systems: The Case of Smart Meters and Privacy

Green Information Systems (IS) often require to obtain data in order to assess environmental outcomes and improve sustainable behaviours. As a result, privacy concerns can act as a barrier to the utilization of Green IS. We explore the case of smart meters, which track users’ personal energy usage data and provide real-time information, thus allowing users to reduce energy consumption. In this research-in-progress paper, we report on the development of a research model and experimental design to test the impact of trust seals, which can help to build trust and alleviate privacy concerns. For this reason, we refer to green energy and privacy seals that assess and certify the energy efficiency and privacy practices of companies. We further explore opt-out mechanisms, which give consumers the possibility to opt out of smart meter data collection that can also lead to a reduction of consumers’ privacy concerns with smart meters.
Spectral ratios for the Pembina Cardium formation computed with virtual sources

Spectral ratios across the Pembina-Cardium formation are computed from surface source lines and down-hole receiver gathers by applying virtual source principles. It is found necessary to apply first-arrival wave package windowing to reduce ringing of these spectral ratios. There is an increase of attenuation across the reservoir layer for all three source line experiments following CO2 injection. This attenuation increase is confirmed by spherical wave modelling employing a multi-interface Sommerfeld integral algorithm and using monitor well-logs as well as fluid substitution derived perturbations of reservoir parameters. Spherical wave modelling also shows far-offset tuning across the reservoir when offsets are retained rather than applying virtual source methods. Alternate measures of CO2 injection effects are demonstrated by displaying time domain maximum amplitude differences as function of offset as well as plotting frequency domain magnitude spectral differences as function of frequency and offset.
Viewpoint

Climate mechanisms are so complex that it is inevitable that computer models will not be fully reliable for decades, if ever, and it is probable that many surprises are in store. Houghton (1997) stresses that, although the basic physics of the greenhouse effect are well understood in isolation, the real-world situation is highly complicated by numerous other factors, such as the effects of clouds, ocean circulation, and polar ice sheets, which current models fail to deal with adequately. There is now also a debate over the rBle of the sun in short-term (decadal) climatic variation, and no doubt there are many other factors that are not yet known, or that are perhaps unknowable. All of these introduce uncertainty into the basic science of climate change and so into model predictions of future climates; as one of Aesop’s fables concludes, it is always the unexpected that happens. Faced with this situation, it is extremely important that we measure very carefully what is actually happening. Reality has no problems of uncertainty, it just is, and should be measured with care, precision, respect and interest. The questions that need answering include: Is the climate changing? Is the hydrological cycle changing? Is the climate becoming more variable? Is the circulation of the atmosphere or oceans changing? These questions can only be answered by taking measurements. There is no other way. It is, therefore, important that we start to measure the weather much more carefully than we currently are doing, or hitherto have done to attain the increased precision that climatological, as opposed to the simpler synoptic, applications require. Viewpoint
MODELO DE CAPACIDAD DINÁMICA DE APRENDIZAJE ORGANIZACIONAL: EXPERIENCIA DE LA BIOTECNOLÓGIA EN CUBA

International practice and experience are the basis of knowledge as a strategic resource and organizational learning outcome, which links the Dynamic Organizational Learning Ability to the acquirement of positive performance results and a source of competitive advantage. In this sense, the high-tech industry of biotechnology in Cuba represents a unique case in relation to a scientific problem, since you need to explain, on a scientific basis, how the development of the Dynamic Organizational Learning Ability contributes to the success of leading companies in the sector, and also enables other of their kind to enter the industry. Applying a case study methodology to the Center of Molecular Immunology as a pilot case and panel of experts, this study obtains a conceptual model that underlies and explains the success of leading high-tech Cuban biotechnology companies based on the development of the Dynamic Organizational Learning Ability and its three key dimensions: technical elements of organizational management, organizational behavior and external stakeholders.
Strategic human resource development (SHRD) maturity at the time of the economic crisis: a case study in Greek banking organisations through a multi-constituent research approach

Purpose: This paper examines SHRD's maturity within the context of the economic crisis, and through the respective lens of different key HRD stakeholders. It aims to critically address existing SHRD models' limitations (e.g. assessed within "static" business environments, lack of employees' "line of sight", performative or humanitarian focus etc.) so as to explore and advance our understanding on how SHRD is perceived and applied within diverse institutions through a multi-constituent research perspective. Additionally, it assesses and evaluates the key characteristics which constitute the criteria of a SHRD mature organisation within two Greek banks at the time of the economic crisis. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study draws upon qualitative research data from two case study banking organisations in Greece (two largest private-owned banking corporations), by reporting on 76 semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders (HR staff, Bank Managers, Employees). A pre and post-crisis assessment was followed, supplemented by document analysis. Lastly, SHRD's maturity, within the targeted organisations, was evaluated through the employment of a modified SHRD model, with its respective strategic characteristics. Findings: Research evidence highlights the complexity attached with stakeholders' perception of SHRD, and the level of its maturity (pre and post-crisis) respectively. Precisely, SHRD maturity is presented mixed for both time periods, with most strategic characteristics to be partially employed by both organisations either before or after the crisis. However, an interesting point was highlighted with both organisations' HRD practices to be presented agile enough in regard to the ongoing business uncertainty. Yet, having assessed all strategic characteristics, for both organisations and for both time periods, research data outlines SHRD's setback within both organisations. Originality/Value: This paper provides both theoretical and practical considerations over the maturity of SHRD during recessionary times. Its value initially derives from its critical mindset, thus extending existing SHRD theory and models through its multi-constituent research perspective, and by seeing SHRD as a discursive action (moving away from a performative and/or humanitarian focus). Alike, it enhances existing knowledge on SHRD maturity both within a different industrial and cultural context, while it also adds to SHRD theory and practice by testing a modified SHRD model under the circumstances of an economic crisis.
Solutions toward high-speed colourless optical network units

A reconfigurable WDM-TDM access network can react to timely different demands for different areas like business area, domestic areas and city centres. The network reconfiguration can be established by flexible wavelength routing. To enable this, a wavelength independent (colourless) reflective modulator has to be in the optical network unit (GNU) to modulate the upstream signal. This report gives an overview of the different architectures to achieve this. A configuration with a circulator, semiconductor optical amplifier (SGA) and electro-absorption modulator (EAM) was used as a reflective modulator at lO-Gbit/s for transmission experiments. Backscattering was found to be the limiting factor for the bidirectional single-fibre architecture. An optimum gain of the GNU was found at which both the carrierand the signal-backscattering are limited.