Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic Status and Health in Children and Adolescents Results of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS)

Z ahlreiche Studien haben in den letzten Jahren gezeigt, dass die gesundheitliche Entwicklung im Kindesund Jugendalter durch die soziale Herkunft beeinflusst wird (1–3). Bei Kindern aus sozial benachteiligten Familien werden vermehrt Entwicklungsdefizite und frühe Gesundheitsstörungen festgestellt, die oftmals einen langfristigen Behandlungsund Versorgungsbedarf nach sich ziehen. Zudem sind sie häufiger von Unfallverletzungen, umweltbedingten Erkrankungen und zahnmedizinischen Problemen betroffen. In der Adoleszenz treten verstärkt psychosomatische Beschwerden sowie psychische und Verhaltensauffälligkeiten auf. Auch verhaltenskorrelierte Risikofaktoren wie Rauchen, Bewegungsmangel und Übergewicht, die für einen Großteil des Krankheitsund vorzeitigen Sterbegeschehens im mittleren und höheren Lebensalter verantwortlich zeichnen, kumulieren in den unteren Statusgruppen. Kinder und Jugendliche, die unter ungünstigen Lebensumständen aufwachsen, sind somit eine wichtige Zielgruppe für die Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung. Für die Planung, Umsetzung und Evaluation entsprechender Maßnahmen und Programme sind Daten erforderlich, die es ermöglichen, die gesundheitliche Situation der Heranwachsenden umfassend und differenziert zu beschreiben sowie gesundheitspolitische Handlungsprobleme zu identifizieren. Die bislang vorhandenen Untersuchungen, wie zum Beispiel die Einschulungsuntersuchungen des Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes, die Erhebungen der Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung oder die Health Behaviour in School-aged Children-Studie der ORIGINALARBEIT
Training Tree Transducers

Many probabilistic models for natural language are now written in terms of hierarchical tree structure. Tree-based modeling still lacks many of the standard tools taken for granted in (finite-state) string-based modeling. The theory of tree transducer automata provides a possible framework to draw on, as it has been worked out in an extensive literature. We motivate the use of tree transducers for natural language and address the training problem for probabilistic tree-to-tree and tree-to-string transducers.
The Relationship between Family and Education in Islam

The main purpose of this article is to express the relationship between family institution and education in Islam. This research is done for several purposes; first, what are the factors of education from the perspective of Islam as a heavenly religion? In the meantime, what is the position of the family and can the family be in the first place of these factors? Education in childhood is the basis for the formation of the quality of human labor. Here as, the starting point of education is the family. The family factor is a special factor; because the principles that govern it in the field of education are unwritten, and at the same time very decisive. In fact, the family is the centerpiece of education, but unlike formal education institution, it has no signage. This research has been done by descriptive-documentary and analytical research method and based on data from Islamic texts and sources. Coombs and Daniel (1991) analytical method seeks to provide a clear and complete description of each concept or topic. Accordingly, in this study to provide a comprehensive picture of the perspective of Islam, i.e. verses and hadiths, as well as studies and studies of psychologists and sociologists and social psychologists as well as the legal laws of Islam and the legal laws between the "documentary" method has also been used to present the international educational role of the family, the necessity, limits, preconditions, and its achievements. Studies show that the family plays a very important role in the formation of children's personality in terms of psychology, education and training.
Appetite Predicts Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background: Recently, the nutritional status of patients has drawn attention in an aging society. Early studies have reported that nutritional status is related to long-term outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, it is not necessarily simple to evaluate the nutritional status of patients with AMI. We hypothesized that appetite before discharge can be a predictor for long-term adverse cardiovascular events in patients with AMI. This retrospective study aimed to investigate whether appetite is related to long-term adverse outcomes in patients with AMI. Methods: This study included 1006 patients with AMI, and divided them into the good appetite group (n = 860) and the poor appetite group (n = 146) according to the percentage of the dietary intake on the day before discharge. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE), which were defined as a composite of all-cause death, non-fatal MI, and re-admission for heart failure, were set as the primary outcome. Results: The median follow-up duration was 996 days, and a total of 243 MACE was observed during the study period. MACE was more frequently observed in the poor appetite group than in the good appetite group (42.5% versus 21.0%, p < 0.001). In the multivariate COX hazard model, poor appetite was significantly associated with MACE (Hazard ratio 1.698, 95% confidence interval 1.243–2.319, p < 0.001) after controlling for multiple confounding factors. Conclusion: Appetite at the time of discharge was significantly associated with long-term clinical outcomes in patients with AMI. Patients with poor appetite should be carefully followed up after discharge from AMI.
Fertility Transition in India - Development and Diffusion

Fertility trends in India exhibit much spatial variation, with some regions reaching total fertility rates below 2.0 even as others lag far behind with levels above 4.0. The relevant literature is replete with references to the conditions that have promoted or retarded declines in fertility. There is, however, a tendency to regard development and diffusion as exclusive hypotheses in explaining the differential trends. This may be due to the fact that studies generally focus on economic and social development and treat diffusion as an inherent process. This paper is an attempt to enlarge the focus to look at the pace of fertility change in terms of combinations of both development and diffusion factors as explanations for regional variations. It is an exploratory exercise.
Les opérations de restructuration des firmes agroalimentaires multinationales entre 1987 et 2003

Based on a neo-institutionalist theoretical framework and using the Agrodata databank, the present paper analyses the main drivers underlying the restructuring operations of the top 100 multinational food processing enterprises worldwide and draws the map of the world's new agri-food landscape. World's agri-food oligopoly came out during these last decades concentrating an ever increasing financial and economic power (in 2002, the total value production of the top 100 food multinationals weighted for 27 % of the total production of the world food processing industry). Under constant pressure to improve their financial and economic performances, food processing enterprises face considerable constraints inherent in their international business environment : increasing international rivalry resulting from the adoption of liberalising economic policies by a large number of developing countries; importance that gain the financial spheres in world's agri-food chain; changing eating habits and consumer behaviour. Leadership seeking on large regional and/or world base in highly segmented markets pushes the top 100 food multinationals to reorganise their internal and external structures by adopting streamlining and cost cutting strategies while targeting larger geographical expansion thanks to mergers and acquisitions as well as partnerships that they realise. Consequently, they reshape world's agri-food lanscape and give way to the emergence of new finance-oriented governance patterns. French Abstract : En mobilisant une grille de lecture neo-institutionnaliste et en s'appuyant sur la base de donnees Agrodata, ce document analyse les logiques qui sous-tendent les restructurations des 100 premieres firmes multinationales agroalimentaires mondiales et la nouvelle carte du monde agroalimentaire qui en resulte. On montre ainsi qu'un oligopole agroalimentaire de dimension internationale s'est progressivement constitue et que son poids economique et financier ne cesse de croitre (les 100 premiers groupes mondiaux representaient en 2002 pres de 27% du chiffre d'affaires du secteur). L'intensification de la concurrence impulsee par l'ouverture des marches, la financiarisation du secteur et les changements dans les comportements des consommateurs ont impose aux entreprises de nouveaux imperatifs de performance. La recherche du leadership macro-regional, voire mondial, sur des marches de plus en plus segmentes conduit cet oligopole a mener des operations de restructuration visant la rationalisation des couts tout en soutenant une croissance externe (acquisitions, fusions, cessions, partenariats). Le profil du secteur au niveau mondial s'en trouve reconfigure et l'on assiste a l'apparition de nouveaux types de gouvernance, plus financiarises.
Security Aspects of Social Robots in Public Spaces: A Systematic Mapping Study

Background: As social robots increasingly integrate into public spaces, comprehending their security implications becomes paramount. This study is conducted amidst the growing use of social robots in public spaces (SRPS), emphasising the necessity for tailored security standards for these unique robotic systems. Methods: In this systematic mapping study (SMS), we meticulously review and analyse existing literature from the Web of Science database, following guidelines by Petersen et al. We employ a structured approach to categorise and synthesise literature on SRPS security aspects, including physical safety, data privacy, cybersecurity, and legal/ethical considerations. Results: Our analysis reveals a significant gap in existing safety standards, originally designed for industrial robots, that need to be revised for SRPS. We propose a thematic framework consolidating essential security guidelines for SRPS, substantiated by evidence from a considerable percentage of the primary studies analysed. Conclusions: The study underscores the urgent need for comprehensive, bespoke security standards and frameworks for SRPS. These standards ensure that SRPS operate securely and ethically, respecting individual rights and public safety, while fostering seamless integration into diverse human-centric environments. This work is poised to enhance public trust and acceptance of these robots, offering significant value to developers, policymakers, and the general public.
Rapid Hypersonic Simulations using US3D and Pointwise

: For hypersonic simulations, unstructured flow solvers typically have problems predicting surface heat fluxes when strong shocks are present. To address these issues, this paper outlines a workflow that applies best practices developed for structured grids to unstructured meshes. In addition, unstructured grid generation can significantly reduce the time required to create quality grids for complex geometries. Several examples are computed using DPLR , a structured grid flow solver, and US3D flow, an unstructured mesh solver. Results from the two codes are compared, and they show excellent agreement. Overall, the unstructured grid workflow offers a viable and attractive alternative for hypersonic simulations.
COMUNIDADE DE PEIXES COMO INDICADOR DE QUALIDADE AMBIENTAL DE ALGUNS CANAIS DE MARÉ DO ESTUÁRIO DO RIO PACIÊNCIA, SÃO LUÍS – MA

Nas analises de bioavaliacao da qualidade dos ambientes aquaticos, tem sido essencial a aplicacao de indicadores para avaliar a higidez da comunidade de peixes e determinar o status ambiental. Neste sentido, o presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar alteracoes na integridade biotica de alguns canais de mare do estuario do rio Paciencia. Foram realizadas amostragens bimestrais nos canais de mare Iguaiba, Grande e Cristovao, no periodo de janeiro/2006 a setembro/2007. Para avaliar as possiveis alteracoes na estrutura da ictiofauna, foram utilizadas as curvas (ABC) e o Indice de Integridade Biotica. As curvas demonstraram que o ambiente estuarino encontra-se moderadamente perturbado, enquanto o Indice de Integridade caracterizou a qualidade ambiental dos canais de mare entre muito pobre a regular. Alguns autores apresentam evidencias que o estresse ambiental esta associado a fragmentacao da mata ciliar, ao aporte de efluentes liquidos e a interferencia antropica. Presume-se que o aumento dos niveis de perturbacao nos canais de mare do estuario do rio Paciencia podera acarretar alteracoes na comunidade ictiofaunistica destes locais. Os resultados sinalizam que os indices ecologicos estudados refletem eficientemente a qualidade ambiental dos canais de mare e as modificacoes ambientais sofridas pelo sistema estuarino. Palavras-Chave: Ictiofauna, indicadores ecologicos, qualidade ambiental, estuario do rio Paciencia. Abstract Fish community as indicator of environmental quality in tidal creeks of the Paciencia River estuary, Sao Luis, Brazil In bioassessments of the quality of aquatic environments, the use of indicators for the evaluation of the health of the fish community and the determination of its environmental status is essential. The aim of the present study was to identify changes in the biotic integrity of tidal creeks in the estuary of the Paciencia River northern Brazil. Bi-monthly sampling was carried out in the Iguaiba, Grande and Cristovao tidal creeks between January 2006 and September 2007. ABC curves and the Biotic Integrity Index were used for the assessment of possible changes in the structure of the ichthyofauna. The curves demonstrated that the estuarine environment is moderately disturbed and the Integrity Index characterized the environmental quality of the tidal creeks as very poor to fair. A number of authors offers evidence that environmental stress is associated to the fragmentation of riparian forests, the input of liquid effluents and anthropogenic interference. It is presumed that the increase in the degree of disturbance in the tidal creeks of the Paciencia River estuary could trigger changes in the fish community in these creeks. The results indicate that the ecological indices studied efficiently reflect the environmental quality of the tidal creeks and environmental changes in the estuarine system. Key-words: Ichthyofauna; ecological indicators; environmental quality; Paciencia estuary
Heat Flow, Stress, and Rate of Slip along the San Andreas Fault,

The absence of a heat flow anomaly greater than ∼0.3 µcal/cm2/sec associated with the San Andreas fault is used to estimate the upper limit for the steady state or initial shear stress. Under the assumption that the long-term rate of motion along the fault is 5 cm/yr and occurs primarily in the form of creep, this upper limit is about 100 bars. If the motion is primarily accomplished by faulting during large earthquakes and if the frictional stress is equal to the final stress as suggested by E. Orowan (1960), the upper limit is estimated to be about 200 bars. Without Orowan's assumption, the estimation of the upper limit is about 250 bars, based on earthquake energy-magnitude-moment relations. If the long-term rate of motion along the San Andreas fault is only ∼2 cm/yr, these results are increased to 250, 350, and 400 bars, respectively.
Reply to comment by R. Philipona on “A new absolute reference for atmospheric longwave irradiance measurements with traceability to SI units”

reference for atmospheric longwave irradiance measurements with traceability to SI units” Julian Gröbner, Ibrahim Reda, Stefan Wacker, Stephan Nyeki, Klaus Behrens, and J. Gorman Physikalisch Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos/World Radiation Center, Davos, Switzerland, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, USA, Meteorologisches Observatorium Lindenberg Richard-Aßmann-Observatorium, Deutscher Wetterdienst, Lindenberg, Germany, Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
The End of the Peasantry and the Politics of Peri-Urbanization in an Indonesian Metropolis

The nature of Asian urbanization has been the object of theoretical attention for almost two decades. A central theme in the discussion revolves around the dissolution of the city and countryside divide; and the question of whether the city is winning (through urbanization) or if the countryside is losing in the development game. Such issues however are much more complex in Asia. For instance, Terry McGee, defines urbanization as “the emergence of (peri-urban) regions of highly-mixed rural and non-rural activity surrounding the large urban cores. ” Yet, with studies mostly centered on the processes of urbanization, very little attention has been given to the political formation of the peri-urban. This paper, through a case study of Indonesia, attempts to place the peri-urban in its historical context in order to understand the political processes that have made its formation possible.
Poverty and the Environment: Reversing the Downward Spiral

The author discusses the poverty situation in developing countries and their impact on environmental degradation as the poor deplete natural resources such as forests, soils, and water supplies faster than fear they will soon loose access to them, drawing numerous examples. The author suggests some of the most innovative strategies for dismantling the poverty traps' local parts-lack of secure control over productive resources (e.g. information, financial support), physical weakness and illness, population growth and powerlessness
Effect of Ocimum sanctum L as LDD in periodontal therapy

Ocimum sanctum L (Tulsi) has various properties like antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant. To compare the effect of the local-drug delivery system containing 2% Ocimum sanctum L (Tulsi) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP). The main aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of Ocimum sanctum L (Tulsi) gel with Tetracycline fibers (Actisite) for the treatment of periodontitis patients. 40 subjects with periodontitis (pocket depth of 5 mm) were selected and divided into 2 groups Group I: Ocimum sanctum L (Tulsi) gel (n= 20) and Group II: Tetracycline fibers (Actisite) (n = 20). Clinical parameters assessed were Gingival Index , Plaque Index , Probing Depth and Clinical Attachment Loss were assessed at baseline, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 8 months. Our results showed that Gingival index and Plaque index for for GROUP I: Ocimum sanctum L (Tulsi) and GROUP II: Tetracycline fibers (Actisite)are not statistically significant p>0.05 for baseline, at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 8 months. Probing depth and Clinical attachment are not significant p>0.05 for baseline, at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and statistically significant difference seen at 8 months p<0.05. 2% Ocimum sanctum L (Tulsi) gel can be effectively used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing. When used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing, it helps in reduction of pocket depth and gain of clinical attachment. Ocimum sanctum L (Tulsi) showed promising results when compared to Tetracycline fibers (Actisite).
First episode psychosis: a window of treatment opportunity?

BACKGROUND: Specific first episode programs were developed around the world aiming to: early detection, intensive crises care and relapse prevention. OBJECTIVE: This article intends to outline this new first episode psychosis approach. METHOD: To review study findings from international and national centers. RESULTS: Early education programs can lower the duration of untreated psychosis and interventions in first episode psychosis should include patient and family intensive care. CONCLUSION: In some countries these services have already been incorporated in the health system. There are few research and services in our country, showing the need to develop research in this area.
Geochemical record of Holocene to Recent sedimentation on the Western Indus continental shelf, Arabian Sea

We present a multiproxy geochemical analysis of two cores recovered from the Indus Shelf spanning the Early Holocene to Recent (<14 ka). Indus‐23 is located close to the modern Indus River, while Indus‐10 is positioned ∼100 km further west. The Holocene transgression at Indus‐10 was over a surface that was strongly weathered during the last glacial sea level lowstand. Lower Holocene sediments at Indus‐10 have higherεNdvalues compared to those at the river mouth indicating some sediment supply from the Makran coast, either during the deposition or via reworking of older sediments outcropping on the shelf. Sediment transport from Makran occurred during transgressive intervals when sea level crossed the mid shelf. The sediment flux from non‐Indus sources to Indus‐10 peaked between 11 ka and 8 ka. A hiatus at Indus‐23 from 8 ka until 1.3 ka indicates non‐deposition or erosion of existing Indus Shelf sequences. HigherεNdvalues seen on the shelf compared to the delta imply reworking of older delta sediments in building Holocene clinoforms. Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA), Mg/Al and Sr isotopes are all affected by erosion of detrital carbonate, which reduced through the Holocene. K/Al data suggest that silicate weathering peaked ca. 4–6 ka and was higher at Indus‐10 compared to Indus‐23. Fine‐grained sediments that make up the shelf have geochemical signatures that are different from the coarser grained bulk sediments measured in the delta plain. The Indus Shelf data highlight the complexity of reconstructing records of continental erosion and provenance in marine settings.
Toxic trace elements in urban air in Illinois

The airborne concentrations and sources of 17 toxic trace elements were evaluated in three polluted urban areas in Illinois: southeast Chicago, East St. Louis, and Granite City. Concentrations and meteorology were monitored between September 1985 and June 1988. Particle size distributions and vapor-particle partitioning were also measured during this period. Using the existing emissions inventories for the study areas, factor analysis and chemical mass balance analysis was applied to the data. This statistical analysis together with monitoring data show that most of the airborne trace elements in excess of background concentrations come from stack and fugitive emissions from heavy industry within the study areas. Elevated levels of chromium and manganese are caused by steel-related activities in Chicago and Granite City. Airborne cadmium, lead, zinc, and copper come from emissions from smelters in East St. Louis and Granite City. In all of these areas, fugitive emissions from wind-blown dust, materials handling, and vehicle traffic are important sources of airborne toxic trace elements. It is concluded that existing standards for airborne inhalable particles do not adequately control the levels of many toxic trace elements and that the first step in the control of these pollutants is to identify the sources of individualmore » elements rather than sources of particulate matter in general. « less