Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exotic quantum criticality in one-dimensional coupled dipolar bosons tubes

The competition between intertube hopping processes and density-density interactions is investigated in one-dimensional quantum dipolar bosons systems of N coupled tubes at zero temperature. Using a phenomenological bosonization approach, we show that the resulting competition leads to an exotic quantum phase transition described by a U(1) x Z_N conformal field theory with a fractional central charge. The emerging Z_N parafermionic critical degrees of freedom are highly nontrivial in terms of the original atoms or polar molecules of the model. We further determine the main physical properties of the quantum critical point in a double-tube system which has central charge c=3/2. In triple-tube systems, we show that the competition between the two antagonistic processes is related to the physics of the two-dimensional Z_3 chiral Potts model. This work opens the possibility to study the exotic properties of the Z_N parafermions in the context of ultracold quantum Bose gases.
Asymmetric dark matter models and the LHC diphoton excess

The existence of dark matter (DM) and the origin of the baryon asymmetry are persistent indications that the SM is incomplete. More recently, the ATLAS and CMS experiments have observed an excess of diphoton events with invariant mass of about 750 GeV. One interpretation of this excess is decays of a new spin-0 particle with a sizable diphoton partial width, e.g. induced by new heavy weakly charged particles. These are also key ingredients in models cogenerating asymmetric DM and baryons via sphaleron interactions and an initial particle asymmetry. We explore what consequences the new scalar may have for models of asymmetric DM that attempt to account for the similarity of the dark and visible matter abundances.
Magnetic twist and writhe of active regions On the origin of deformed flux tubes

We study the long term evolution of a set of 22 bipolar active regions (ARs) in which the main photospheric polarities are seen to rotate one around the other during several solar rotations. We first show that differential rotation is not at the origin of this large change in the tilt angle. A possible origin of this distortion is the nonlinear development of a kink-instability at the base of the convective zone; this would imply the formation of a non-planar flux tube which, while emerging across the photosphere, would show a rotation of its photospheric polarities as observed. A characteristic of the flux tubes deformed by this mechanism is that their magnetic twist and writhe should have the same sign. From the observed evolution of the tilt of the bipoles, we derive the sign of the writhe of the flux tube forming each AR; while we compute the sign of the twist from transverse field measurements. Comparing the handedness of the magnetic twist and writhe, we find that the presence of kink-unstable flux tubes is coherent with no more than 35% of the 20 cases for which the sign of the twist can be unambiguously determined. Since at most only a fraction of the tilt evolution can be explained by this process, we discuss the role that other mechanisms may play in the inferred deformation. We find that 36% of the 22 cases may result from the action of the Coriolis force as the flux tube travels through the convection zone. Furthermore, because several bipoles overpass in their rotation the mean toroidal (East-West) direction or rotate away from it, we propose that a possible explanation for the deformation of all these flux tubes may lie in the interaction with large-scale vortical motions of the plasma in the convection zone, including also photospheric or shallow sub-photospheric large scale flows.
Attachment, Interpersonal Relations Anxiety, and Life Satisfaction in University Students

The present study investigated the relationship between Adult Attachment, Interpersonal Relations Anxiety, and Life Satisfaction in university students. It was hypothesized that there is a significant relationship between the variables of the study. Moreover, a significant gender difference with respect to the study variables is expected in this research. Adult Attachment Scale, Interpersonal Relations Anxiety Questionnaire, and the Life Satisfaction Scale were used to analyze the study variables. The sample of the study comprised 200 university students of ages ranging between 19 to 25 (M=21.50, SD=.501) with an equal number of men (n=100) and women (n=100). The results indicated that interpersonal relations anxiety had significant negative correlation with life satisfaction. Furthermore, secure attachment was found to have a significant positive correlation with Life Satisfaction as well as it had negative correlation with the interpersonal relations anxiety, ambivalent, and avoidant attachment. Besides, avoidant attachment had significant positive correlation with interpersonal relations anxiety scores. In addition to it, ambivalent and avoidant attachment had significant negative correlation with secure attachment pattern. The t-test showed that men and women participants of the study don’t differ in terms of their life satisfaction and adult attachment patterns. but they do significantly differ in terms of their interpersonal anxiety. the results are discussed in the light of cultural context of Pakistan and existing literature.
Dynamic Evolution Equations for Isolated Smoke Vortexes in Rational Mechanics

Smoke circle vortexes are a typical dynamic phenomenon in nature. The similar circle vortexes phenomenon appears in hurricane, turbulence, and many others. A semi-empirical method is constructed to get some intrinsic understanding about such circle vortex structures. Firstly, the geometrical motion equations for smoke circle is formulated based on empirical observations. Based on them, the mechanic dynamic motion equations are established. Finally, the general dynamic evolution equations for smoke vortex are formulated. They are dynamic evolution equations for exact stress field and dynamic evolution equations for average stress field. For industrial application and experimental data processing, their corresponding approximation equations for viscous fluid are given. Some simple discussions are made.
A NEW LOW MAGNETIC FIELD MAGNETAR: THE 2011 OUTBURST OF SWIFT J1822.3−1606

We report on the long-term X-ray monitoring with Swift, RXTE, Suzaku, Chandra, and XMM-Newton of the outburst of the newly discovered magnetar Swift J1822.3−1606 (SGR 1822−1606), from the first observations soon after the detection of the short X-ray bursts which led to its discovery, through the first stages of its outburst decay (covering the time span from 2011 July until the end of 2012 April). We also report on archival ROSAT observations which detected the source during its likely quiescent state, and on upper limits on Swift J1822.3−1606's radio-pulsed and optical emission during outburst, with the Green Bank Telescope and the Gran Telescopio Canarias, respectively. Our X-ray timing analysis finds the source rotating with a period of P = 8.43772016(2) s and a period derivative s s−1, which implies an inferred dipolar surface magnetic field of B ≃ 2.7 × 1013 G at the equator. This measurement makes Swift J1822.3−1606 the second lowest magnetic field magnetar (after SGR 0418+5729). Following the flux and spectral evolution from the beginning of the outburst, we find that the flux decreased by about an order of magnitude, with a subtle softening of the spectrum, both typical of the outburst decay of magnetars. By modeling the secular thermal evolution of Swift J1822.3−1606, we find that the observed timing properties of the source, as well as its quiescent X-ray luminosity, can be reproduced if it was born with a poloidal and crustal toroidal fields of Bp ∼ 1.5 × 1014 G and Btor ∼ 7 × 1014 G, respectively, and if its current age is ∼550 kyr.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DENSE NEUTRAL AND DIFFUSE IONIZED GAS IN THE THICK DISKS OF TWO EDGE-ON SPIRAL GALAXIES

We present high-resolution, optical images (BVI + Hα) of the multiphase interstellar medium (ISM) in the thick disks of the edge-on spiral galaxies NGC 4013 and NGC 4302. Our images from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), Large Binocular Telescope, and WIYN 3.5 m telescope reveal an extensive population of filamentary dust absorption seen to z ∼2–2.5 kpc. Many of these dusty thick disk structures have characteristics reminiscent of molecular clouds found in the Milky Way disk. Our Hα images show that the extraplanar diffuse ionized gas (DIG) in these galaxies is dominated by a smooth, diffuse component. The strongly filamentary morphologies of the dust absorption have no counterpart in the smoothly distributed Hα emission. We argue that the thick disk DIG and dust-bearing filaments trace physically distinct phases of the thick disk ISM, the latter tracing a dense, warm or cold neutral medium. The dense, dusty matter in the thick disks of spiral galaxies is largely tracing matter ejected from the thin disk via energetic feedback from massive stars. The high densities of the gas may be a result of converging gas flows. This dense material fuels some thick disk star formation, as evidenced by the presence of thick disk H ii regions.
Search for jet extinction in the inclusive jet-pt spectrum from proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV

The first search at the LHC for the extinction of QCD jet production is presented, using data collected with the CMS detector corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 10.7 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The extinction model studied in this analysis is motivated by the search for signatures of strong gravity at the TeV scale (terascale gravity) and assumes the existence of string couplings in the strong-coupling limit. In this limit, the string model predicts the suppression of all high-transverse-momentum standard model processes, including jet production, beyond a certain energy scale. To test this prediction, the measured transverse-momentum spectrum is compared to the theoretical prediction of the standard model. No significant deficit of events is found at high transverse momentum. A 95% confidence level lower limit of 3.3 TeV is set on the extinction mass scale. Published in Physical Review D as doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.90. 032005. c © 2014 CERN for the benefit of the CMS Collaboration. CC-BY-3.0 license ∗See Appendix A for the list of collaboration members ar X iv :1 40 5. 76 53 v2 [ he pex ] 2 1 A ug 2 01 4
GS305+04-26: revisiting the interstellar medium around the Centaurus OB1 stellar association

Fil: Corti, Mariela Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico la Plata. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomia (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronomicas y Geofisicas; Argentina
Equation of state effects in black hole–neutron star mergers

The merger dynamics of a black hole–neutron star (BHNS) binary is influenced by the neutron star equation of state (EoS) through the latter's effect on the neutron star's radius and on the character of the mass transfer onto the black hole. We study these effects by simulating a number of BHNS binaries in full general relativity using a mixed pseudospectral/finite difference code. We consider several models of the neutron star matter EoS, including Γ = 2 and Γ = 2.75 polytropes and the nuclear-theory-based Shen EoS. For models using the Shen EoS, we consider two limits for the evolution of the composition: source-free advection and instantaneous β-equilibrium. To focus on EoS effects, we fix the mass ratio to 3:1 and the initial aligned black hole spin to a/m = 0.5 for all models. We confirm earlier studies which found that more compact stars create a stronger gravitational wave signal but a smaller postmerger accretion disk. We also vary the EoS while holding the compaction fixed. All mergers are qualitatively similar, but we find signatures of the EoS in the waveform and in the tail and disk structures.
Triggered/sequential star formation? A multi-phase ISM study around the prominent IRDC G18.93-0.03

Context. Triggered star formation has been discussed for many years, and evidence for the formation of stars and cores triggered by Hii regions is under debate. Aims. We investigate the imprints of an expanding Hii region on a pre-existing starless clumps. Methods. We selected an infrared dark filament spanning 0.8 ◦ . One portion of this filament, G18.93-0.03 is a prominent dust complex, with the molecular clump G18.93/m being IR dark from near-IR wavelength up to 160 μm. Spitzer composite images show an IR bubble spatially associated with G18.93-0.03. We use GRS 13 CO and IRAM 30 m H 13 CO + data to disentangle the large and small scale spatial structure of the region. From ATLASGAL submm data we calculate the gas mass, while we use the H 13 CO + line width to estimate its virial mass. To study the IR properties of G18.93/ mw e useHerschel data and produce temperature maps from fitting the spectral energy distribution. With the MAGPIS 20 cm and SuperCOSMOS Hα data we trace the ionized gas, and the VGPS Hi survey provides information on the atomic hydrogen gas. Results. We show that the bubble is spatially associated with G18.93, located at a kinematic near distance of 3.6 kpc. The total gas
Broad band simulation of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRB) prompt emission in presence of an external magnetic field

The origin of prompt emission in GRBs is not yet well understood. The simplest and most popular model is Synchrotron Self-Compton (SSC) emission produced by internal shocks inside an ultra-relativistic jet. However, recent observations of a delayed high energy component by the Fermi-LAT instrument have encouraged alternative models. Here we use a recently developed formulation of relativistic shocks for GRBs to simulate light curves and spectra of synchrotron and self-Compton emissions in the framework of internal shock model. This model takes into account the evolution of quantities such as densities of colliding shells, and fraction of kinetic energy transferred to electrons and to induced magnetic field. We also extend this formulation by considering the presence of a precessing external magnetic field. These simulations are very realistic and present significant improvement with respect to previous phenomenological GRB simulations. They reproduce light curves of separate peaks of real GRBs and variety of spectral slopes at E > Epeak observed by the Fermi-LAT instrument. The high energy emission can be explained by synchrotron emission and a subdominant contribution from inverse Compton. We also suggest an explanation for extended tail emission and relate it to the screening of the magnetic field and/or trapping of accelerated electrons in the electromagnetic energy structure of the plasma in the shock front. Spectral slopes of simulated bursts at E << Epeak are consistent with theoretical prediction and at E < Epeak can be flatter if the spectrum of electrons is roughly flat or has a shallow slope at low energies. The observed flat spectra at soft gamma-ray and hard x-ray bands is the evidence that there is a significant contribution at E < Epeak from lower Lorentz factor wing of electron distribution which have a roughly random acceleration rather than being thermal. This means that the state of matter in the jet at the time of ejection is most probably nonthermal. As for the effect of a precessing external magnetic field, we show that due to the fast variation of other quantities, its signature in the Power Distribution Spectrum (PDS) is significantly suppressed and only when the duration of the burst is few times longer than the oscillation period it can be detected, otherwise either it is confused with the Poisson noise or with intrinsic variations of the emission. Therefore, low significant oscillations observed in the PDS of GRB 090709a are most probably due to a precessing magnetic field.
Tachyonic crystals and the laminar instability of the perturbative vacuum in asymptotically free gauge theories

Lattice Monte Carlo studies in SU(3) gauge theory have shown that the topological charge distribution in the vacuum is dominated by thin coherent membranes of codimension one arranged in a layered, alternating-sign sandwich. A similar lamination of topological charge occurs in the 2D CP{sup N-1} model. In holographic QCD, the observed topological charge sheets are naturally interpreted as D6 branes wrapped around an S{sub 4}. With this interpretation, the laminated array of topological charge membranes observed on the lattice can be identified as a ''tachyonic crystal,'' a regular, alternating-sign array of D6 and D6 branes that arises as the final state of the decay of a non-BPS D7 brane via the tachyonic mode of the attached string. In the gauge theory, the homogeneous, space-filling D7 brane represents the perturbative gauge vacuum, which is unstable toward lamination associated with a marginal tachyonic boundary perturbation {proportional_to}cos(X/{radical}(2{alpha}{sup '})). For the CP{sup N-1} model, the cutoff field theory can be cast as the low-energy limit of an open-string theory in background gauge and tachyon fields A{sub {mu}}(x) and {lambda}(x). This allows a detailed comparison with large N field theory results and provides strong support for the tachyonic crystal interpretation of the gauge theory vacuum.
SCATTERED LIGHT FROM DUST IN THE CAVITY OF THE V4046 Sgr TRANSITION DISK

We report the presence of scattered light from dust grains located in the giant planet formation region of the circumbinary disk orbiting the ∼20 Myr old close (∼0.045 AU separation) binary system V4046 Sgr AB based on observations with the new Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) instrument. These GPI images probe to within ∼7 AU of the central binary with a linear spatial resolution of ∼3 AU, and are therefore capable of revealing the dust disk structure within a region corresponding to the giant planets in our solar system. GPI imaging reveals a relatively narrow (FWHM ∼ 10 AU) ring of polarized near-infrared flux whose brightness peaks at ∼14 AU. This ∼14 AU radius ring is surrounded by a fainter outer halo of scattered light extending to ∼45 AU, which coincides with previously detected millimeter-wave thermal dust emission. The presence of small grains that efficiently scatter starlight well inside the millimeter-wavelength disk cavity supports current models of planet formation which suggest that planet–disk interactions can generate pressure traps that impose strong radial variations in the particle size distribution throughout the disk.
Exploring the role of digital media dependency on the relationship between personal involvement and flashbulb memory during the pandemic: Empirical evidence from Mainland China

Flashbulb memory (FBM) is viewed as a special type of autobiographical memory due to its richness of individuals’ self-related details when hearing the news and the long duration. It also helps shape people’s impression of public events to some extent. Given that personal involvement is one of the important antecedent variables of FBM, this study proposed to investigate it from spatiotemporal involvement (spatiotemporal distance) and empathic involvement (empathy level) to explore the impact of personal involvement on the formation of FBM during the Covid-19 pandemic. In particular, digital media dependency was considered in the influence of involvement on the FBM since it is a crucial information source for individuals and a path to spread information about their lives and work during the pandemic. In this study, a total of 546 valid questionnaires (from May 1, 2022, to May 7, 2022) and 349 valid questionnaires (from May 10, 2022, to May 17, 2022) were collected through a two-stage online survey in Shanghai, China towards the epidemic wave at the end of March 2022. The mediating mode of digital media dependency was also examined on personal involvement in FBM performance, which consists of FBM specificity, confidence, and consistency. Results showed that empathic involvement had a significant negative influence on FBM specificity, namely the higher the empathy level was, the worse the FBM specificity would be, in which digital media dependency played a suppressing effect. Individuals’ spatiotemporal involvement was proved to have a significant positive influence on FBM specificity and consistency. It was one of the first to investigate the FBM formation process around “small peak” events in the context of the ongoing pandemic. Innovatively, empathy was adopted as the index of memory arousal for empathic involvement, and digital media dependency was considered an important mediator variable in the memory study. The research results have practical significance for promoting the process of epidemic recovery integrated with digital media and can provide a social reference for the shaping process of disaster memory from the perspective of digital information and emotional transmission.
Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

One of the most enticing approaches to environmental restoration and energy conversion is photocatalysis powered by solar light. Traditional photocatalysts have limited practical uses due to inadequate light absorption, charge separation, and unknown reaction mechanisms. Discovering new visible-light photocatalysts and investigating their modification is crucial in photocatalysis. Bi-based photocatalytic nanomaterials have gotten much interest as they exhibit distinctive geometric shapes, flexible electronic structures, and good photocatalytic performance under visible light. They can be employed as stand-alone photocatalysts for pollution control and energy production, but they do not have optimum efficacy. As a result, their photocatalytic effectiveness has been significantly improved in the recent decades. Numerous newly created concepts and methodologies have brought significant progress in defining the fundamental features of photocatalysts, upgrading the photocatalytic ability, and understanding essential reactions of the photocatalytic process. This paper provides insights into the characteristics of Bi-based photocatalysts, making them a promising future nanomaterial for environmental remediation. The current review discusses the fabrication techniques and enhancement in Bi-based semiconductor photocatalysts. Various environmental applications, such as H2 generation and elimination of water pollutants, are also discussed in terms of semiconductor photocatalysis. Future developments will be guided by the uses, issues, and possibilities of Bi-based photocatalysts.