Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the functional mobility scale in children with cerebral palsy into Arabic

Introduction Cerebral palsy (CP) is a lifelong disorder of posture and movement which often leads to a myriad of limitations in functional mobility. The Functional Mobility Scale (FMS) is a parent-report measure of functional mobility for children with CP at three different distances (5 m, 50 m, and 500 m). This is a cross-sectional study which sought to translate and culturally adapt the FMS into Arabic and to validate the translated version. Functional mobility for children and adolescents with CP in Saudi Arabia was examined. Methods The translation methodology complied with the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 translation package. A total of 154 children with CP were recruited (mean age 8.16 ± 3.32 years). Parents were interviewed to rate the usual walking ability of their children on the Arabic FMS. The re-test assessment was done with 34 families. The mean time interval between the first and second sessions was 14.3 days (SD = 8.5), with a range of 6–37 days. Results Concurrent validity was explored using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between scores of the Arabic FMS with their corresponding score on the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). Spearman’s r values ranged between (−0.895 and –0.779), indicating strong to very strong correlations. The Test–retest reliability was examined using Cohen’s weighted kappa, which showed almost perfect agreements. There was greater limitation for functional mobility at longer distances as 55.2% of children could not complete 500 meters (FMS score N). Overall, there was limited use of wheelchairs for all distances (ranging from 9.1% to 14.3%). Levels IV and V on the GMFCS had less variation in FMS scores and most of the children in these levels either did not complete the distances (no functional mobility at all distances) or used a wheelchair for mobility. Discussion The Arabic FMS was shown to be a reliable and valid measure of functional mobility for children with CP in their environment based on the parental reports. Functional mobility varied at different distances and within each GMFCS level. The use of both the GMFCS and FMS when assessing children with CP is recommended.
List of papers

1. Degeratu Sonia, Rotaru P., Rizescu S. , Danoiu Suzana, Bizdoaca N. G. , L. I. Alboteanu, H. O. Manolea, Condition monitoring of transformer oil using thermal analysis and other techniques, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, Volume. 119, Issue 3, 2015, ISSN 1388-6150, DOI: 10.1007/s10973-0144276-3, pp. 1679-1692. http://apps.webofknowledge. com/summary.do? product=UA&parentProduct=UA&search_mode=GeneralSearch&qid=2&SID=Z1kxQIxBjOlRvc2 Zp24&page=1&action=changePageSize&pageSize=25
Contributions of Nordic anthropogenic emissions on air pollution and premature mortality over the Nordic region and the Arctic

Abstract. This modeling study presents the sectoral contributions of anthropogenic emissions in the four Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden) on air pollution levels and the associated health impacts and costs over the Nordic and the Arctic regions for the year 2015. The Danish Eulerian Hemispheric Model (DEHM) has been used on a 50 km resolution over Europe in tagged mode in order to calculate the response of a 30 % reduction of each emission sector in each Nordic country individually. The emission sectors considered in the study were energy production, non-industrial/commercial heating, industry, traffic, off-road mobile sources and waste management/agriculture. In total, 28 simulations were carried out. Following the air pollution modeling, the Economic Valuation of Air Pollution (EVA) model has been used to calculate the associated premature mortality and their costs. Results showed that more than 80 % of the PM2.5 concentration was attributed to transport from outside these four countries, implying an effort outside the Nordic region in order to decrease the pollutant levels over the area. The leading emission sector in each country was found to be non-industrial combustion (contributing by more than 60 % to the total PM2.5 mass coming from the country itself), except for Sweden, where industry contributed to PM2.5 with a comparable amount to non-industrial combustion. In addition to non-industrial combustion, the next most important source categories were industry, agriculture and traffic. The main chemical constituent of PM2.5 concentrations that comes from the country itself is calculated to be organic carbon in all countries, which suggested that non-industrial wood burning was the dominant national source of pollution in the Nordic countries. We have estimated the total number of premature mortality cases due to air pollution to be around 4000 in Denmark and Sweden and around 2000 in Finland and Norway. These premature mortality cases led to a total cost of EUR 7 billion in the selected Nordic countries. The assessment of the related premature mortality and associated cost estimates suggested that non-industrial combustion, together with industry and traffic, will be the main sectors to be targeted in emission mitigation strategies in the future.
Geological environmental hazards caused by abandoned mine

The characteristics of geological environmental hazards,such as groundwater pollution,surface water pollutuion,ground subsidence and water inrush in adjacent mine,caused by abandoned mine,are systematically analyzed.It is illustrated that the interactive chains between abandoned mine and geoloical environmental hazards and the mechanisms of hazardous development caused by groundwater level rebound.The way of thinking how to control the environment hazards caused by abandoned mine is presented.
Interdecadal Variability of the Thermohaline Circulation and High-Latitude Surface Fluxes

Abstract An idealized North Atlantic Ocean model is forced by climatological wind stress, restoring temperature, and a diagnosed salinity flux. Both centennial and interdecadal oscillations are sustained in the model if the diagnosed salinity flux is characterized by net evaporation in high latitudes. To investigate further the role of salinity fluxes two different linear profiles are imposed: one has net evaporation in high latitudes and the other net precipitation. The first salinity flux induces a purely interdecadal oscillation in the model, while the second one causes a millennial and a decadal-to-interdecadal oscillation. Next, the authors consider a boundary condition for temperature expressed as the sum of a fixed heat flux and a restoring term. Constant heat flux characterized by net cooling in high latitudes leads to an interdecadal oscillation similar to the one caused by net evaporation. Both the decadal-to-interdecadal and the purely interdecadal oscillation are upper-ocean phenomena. Inter-d.
Quaternary Nonglacial Geology: Conterminous U.S.

Includes 5 topical chapters covering paleoclimates, dating methods, volcanism, tephrochronology, and Pacific margin tephrochronologic correlation, and 15 chapters of regional synthesis covering: the Pacific margin; the Columbia Plateau; the Snake River Plain; the major pluvial lakes of the Great Basin; the Basin and Range in California, Arizona, and New Mexico; the Colorado Plateau; the Southern and Central Rocky Mountains; the Northern and Southern Great Plains, Osage Plains, and Interior Highlands; the Lower Mississippi Valley; the Gulf of Mexico Coastal Plain and Florida; the Appalachian Highlands and Interior Low Plateaus; and the Atlantic Coastal Plain. A large, full-color geologic map of the Quaternary deposits of the Lower Mississippi Valley, in addition to correlation charts, tables, and cross-sections relating to other chapters, is also included.
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis: differential diagnosis and optimal management

: Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is an uncommon disease presented as diffuse thin-walled cystic changes in the lung. The main differential diagnoses include pulmonary Langerhans’ histiocytosis (PLCH), Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD), lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP), and amyloidosis. A combination of clinical, radiological, and pathological approaches as well as genetic testing will clarify the diagnosis in most cases. LAM is a disease almost exclusively in women. Dyspnea, pneumothorax, and hemoptysis are common presentations in LAM patients. LAM is also a lymphatic disorder affecting lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes. Chylothorax, chylous ascites, and lymphangiomyomas are frequently seen. LAM can present sporadically as a single entity or as part of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Angiomyolipoma (AML) is a characteristic extra-pulmonary lesion, either found in association with sporadic or TSC-related LAM. High-risk populations should be screened for LAM, including adult women with TSC and female patients with spontaneous pneumothorax, AMLs in the kidney, and diffuse cystic lung diseases. Definitive diagnosis of LAM is based on a high level of clinical suspicion on presentation supported by pathological findings or by a distinct feature, such as a history of TSC, AMLs in the kidney, chylothorax, or chylous ascites. Vascular endothelial growth factor-D (VEGF-D) in serum is a noninvasive and reliable diagnostic biomarker. In experienced centers, trans-bronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) provides a convenient and safe way to obtain lung specimens for diagnostic purposes. An effective treatment for LAM is now available, namely using a mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor such as sirolimus. Efficacy of sirolimus has been confirmed in clinical trials. Research in other molecular-targeted therapies is under investigation. A previously little-known rare disease with no cure is now better understood with regards to its pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management. In this review, current knowledge in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of LAM will be discussed, followed by the discussion of therapy with mTOR inhibitors.
Sensorless Voltage Control of a Buck-Boost Converter Feeding an Unknown DC Load Current: An Inverse Optimal Control Approach

This paper presents a sensorless control to regulate the output voltage of a buck-boost converter that feeds an unknown DC load current. The proposed control is based on an inverse optimal control (IOC) theory, which computes the control action, minimizing a cost function associated with system variables. The IOC approach is an attractive technique, as it can be easily implemented without needing a direct solution of the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation, which can be very complex. Furthermore, the proposed control includes a disturbance observer (DO) to estimate the DC load current, avoiding using a sensor. The DO method guarantees exponential convergence to the estimated variable, regardless of the initial estimation points. Time-dominated simulations are examined to evaluate the proposed control’s performance while regulating a Buck-Boost converter’s output voltage. These simulations were carried out in the PLECS software (MATLAB/Simulink simulation environment). Additionally, the simulation results show the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed sensorless IOC approach when compared to sliding mode control.
A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing enteral immunonutrition (EIN) and standard enteral nutrition regarding biochemical, immunological, and clinical outcomes in gastrectomy patients with gastric cancer and investigating evidence networks for EIN formulae

Introduction For patients with gastric cancer who have undergone gastrectomy, recent research has shown that enteral immunonutrition (EIN) is more successful than enteral nutrition (EN) at boosting host immunity and, in turn, improving prognosis. The claimed outcomes, however, are inconsistent. Aim This meta-analysis examines how EIN affects biochemical, immunological, and clinical outcomes for gastrectomy (GC) patients following gastrectomy and EIN formulae evidence networks. Material and methods A comprehensive search of the Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases identified English-language peer-reviewed journal papers. The odds ratio (OR) and standard mean difference (SMD) were calculated, along with their 95% confidence intervals. The heterogeneity was assessed using Cochrane Q and I2 statistics and the appropriate p-value. The analysis used RevMan 5.3. Results This meta-analysis included 10 RCTs involving 1409 GC patients, 714 of whom were assigned to EIN and 695 to EN. After EIN treatment, serum proalbumin, serum transferrin, lymphocyte count, and CD4+/CD8+ ratio had statistically significant standardised mean differences (SMDs) of 2.39, 2.39, 1.34, and 0.72, respectively. EIN reduces postoperative infectious complications with an OR of 0.63 (95% CI: 0.41–0.77) for infections, an OR of 0.63 for complications, and an SMD of –1.05 for systemic inflammations. A network diagram with high-quality data and a well-defined network design with consistent and accurate connection shows that EIN can improve serum protein levels, immunological parameters, and post-operative problems. Conclusions The use of EIN has been shown to enhance cellular immunity, regulate inflammatory response, and decrease postoperative complications in GC patients who underwent major GI surgery.
Study on Species Composition and Seasonal Activity of Sand Flies in A New Focus of Visceral Leishmaniasis, Azarshahr District, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran.

This survey was carried out from April to October 2010 in order to determine the species composition, relative abundance, the activity periods of Phlebotomine sand flies, common sand flies in resting places and to specify the risk period of leishmaniasis in Azarshahr district, East Azerbaijan province, Iran . Sand flies were collected using sticky traps biweekly from selected villages indoors and outdoors. Species identification using keys was carried out. The density was calculated using the formula number of specimens / m2 of sticky traps and number of specimens/ number of traps. Totally, 5557 specimens comprising16 Species (14 Phlebotomus, and 2 Sergentomyia) were indentified. The activity of the species extended from April to October. Common Sand-flies in resting places were ph. Papatasi, ph. Sergenti and ph. Mongolensis. The monthly average density was 37.6, 41.1, 40.23, 30.38 and 30.67 for Almalodash, Jaragil, Segaiesh, Amirdizaj and Germezigol respectively. The population dynamics of sand flies in Azarshahr were greatly affected by climatic factors. Our results showed that the highest activity of the collected sand fly species occurs in third week of August that could help health authorities for predication period of maximum risk of VL transmission and successful implementation of a control program.
Variation Trend of RCP-based Climatic Scenarios for Yellow River Basin

Based on historical simulations of 7 GCMs provided by CMA and the recorded climatic data from the 108 basic national meteorological stations within the Yellow River Basin, suitability of the 7 CMIP5 GCMs to the Yellow River Basin was assessed with three indices of mean, standard deviation, and linear trend rate. Variation trend of climate for the next decades over the Yellow River Basin was then analyzed with climatic projections of the most suitable GCM under the RCP emission scenario. The results show that MPI-ESM performs better for historical simulation of climatic variables as comparing to other GCMs. Temperature over the Yellow River Basin was projected a steady rising trend with linear rising rate of 0.28~0.45℃/10a, while precipitation will probably undergo a slight decline trend with high variability from 2021 to 2050, in which multi-year average is equivalent to or slight less than the baseline(1961~1990). Under the three RCP scenarios, seasonal patterns as well as spatial patterns of temperature and precipitation during 2021~2050 were all changed relative to baseline. Higher temperature rise will probably occur in February, August, and Septem ber, and lowest rise occur in May. Precipitation in February, May, and December will likely get a higher increase while those in June to August are all less than baseline. Spatially, higher temperature rise will occur in source area of the Yellow River, and the reaches of Ningxia and Inner Mongolia autonomous regions, precipitation change is from positive in the source area to negative in the lower reaches of the Yellow River for RCP 26 and RCP85 scenario, RCP45scenario will probably make precipitation in most area of the Yellow River basin less than baseline.
Climate changes in Horqin Sandy Land in recent 60 years

Climate changing is complex and sensitive in the monsoon marginal zone of Horqin Sandy Land.We discussed its variation of the features with linear trend method and nonparametric tests in this research.The results indicated that during the approximate 60 years from 1951 to 2010,the annual mean temperature in the Horqin Sandy Land showed a trend of increase by 0.37℃ per ten year.Especially,the annual mean temperature increased remarkably since the mid 1980s of 20th Century.In addition,annual extreme maximum and minimum temperature showed a trend of increase.The increase of temperature in spring and winter were more obvious than that of summer and autumn.The changes of the precipitation in Horqin Sandy Land were not significant,but with a weak decreased tendency by-13.54mm per ten year in the last 60 years.The inter-annual and seasonal precipitation days also showed a trend towards decline.Seasonal changes of rainfall in addition to the spring,there was a decreased tendency,were consistent with SPI.Therefore,climate change of the study areas was the general trend of warm and dry.Analysis showed that the climate changes of summer is controlled by the summer monsoon intensity in East Asia.
Rollover Risk as Market Discipline: A Two-Sided Inefficiency

Why does the market discipline that financial intermediaries face seem too weak during booms and too strong during crises? This paper shows in a general equilibrium setting that rollover risk as a disciplining device is effective only if all intermediaries face purely idiosyncratic risk. However, if assets are correlated, a two-sided inefficiency arises: Good aggregate states have intermediaries taking excessive risks, while bad aggregate states suffer from costly fire sales. The driving force behind this inefficiency is an amplifying feedback loop between asset values and market discipline. In equilibrium, financial intermediaries inefficiently amplify both positive and negative aggregate shocks.
Melioidosis Caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei in Drinking Water, Thailand, 2012

We identified 10 patients in Thailand with culture-confirmed melioidosis who had Burkholderia pseudomallei isolated from their drinking water. The multilocus sequence type of B. pseudomallei from clinical specimens and water samples were identical for 2 patients. This finding suggests that drinking water is a preventable source of B. pseudomallei infection.
A Parameterization of Mesoscale Enhancement of Surface Fluxes for Large-Scale Models

Abstract The paper investigates the enhancement of surface fluxes by atmospheric mesoscale motions. The authors show that horizontal wind variabilities induced by these motions (i.e., gustiness) need to be considered in the parameterization of surface fluxes used in general circulation models (GCMs), as they always occur at subgrid scale. It is argued that there are two different sources of gustiness: deep convection and boundary layer free convection. The respective scales (time and length) and the convective patterns are very different for each of these sources. A general parameterization of the gustiness distinguishing these two effects is proposed. For boundary layer free convection, the gustiness is related to the free convection velocity. To establish this relationship, both observations and numerical simulations are used. Revisiting the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment data, the authors propose a new value of the proportionality coefficient that links the free convection velocity and th.
A multicenter randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group study to evaluate the effects of a 1‐year regimen of orally inhaled fluticasone furoate 50 µg once daily on growth velocity in prepubertal, pediatric participants with well‐controlled asthma

Introduction: Growth impairment is a known adverse event (AE) of corticosteroids in children. This study aimed to assess the effect of once‐daily (QD) inhaled fluticasone furoate (FF) versus placebo on growth velocity over 1 year in prepubertal children with well‐controlled asthma.
Adopting the Knowledge Embedded in New Methods - The Challange of Aligning Old and New Practices

Information Systems Engineering (ISE) is an interdisciplinary approach to enable the realisation of successful information systems in a broad sense. ISE comprises a number of areas of expertise that must be integrated and managed in order to build information systems. Since ISE is becoming progressively more complex there is an increasing need to codify and manage knowledge within and about the ISE process. From a knowledge perspective the different model types created in an ISE project are examples of codified knowledge about the future system. The descriptions of how work should proceed are examples of codified knowledge of the process of creating the system. In summary, one of the main concerns in the ISE process is to manage the substantial amount of knowledge associated with the process as such as well as with the target domain of the actual development project and the developed software. In the thesis I recognise three areas of knowledge in ISE: development process knowledge, target domain knowledge, and software knowledge. Furthermore, I use a set of knowledge perspectives in order to describe and analyse ISE from a knowledge perspective. Finally, I introduce three aspects: organisation, artefact, and individual in order to be able to discuss and analyse how methods are actually used in organisations and how they affect the work situation. The results are presented in the form of a framework for knowledge transfer in ISE that comprises the knowledge perspective, the knowledge area, and the aspect of knowledge transfer. The framework is thus used to analyse the results from the six papers enclosed in the thesis. The results also comprise an empirical characterisation of a method in use which is based on data collected during an ethnographical study. Finally the results are made concrete in the form of a pattern collection for method introduction and method use.
European Conference on Information Systems ( ECIS ) 1-1-2010 Conceptual Modeling and the Quality of Ontologies : A Comparison between Object-Role Modeling and the Object Paradigm

Ontologies are key enablers for sharing precise and machine-understandable semantics among different applications and parties. Yet, for ontologies to meet these expectations, their quality must be of a good standard. The quality of an ontology is strongly based on the design method employed. This paper addresses the design problems related to the modelling of ontologies, with specific concentration on the issues related to the quality of the conceptualisations produced. The paper aims to demonstrate the impact of the modelling paradigm adopted on the quality of ontological models and, consequently, the potential impact that such a decision can have in relation to the development of software applications. To this aim, an ontology that is conceptualised based on the Object Role Modelling (ORM) approach is re-engineered into a one modelled on the basis of the Object Paradigm (OP). Next, the two ontologies are analytically compared using the specified criteria. The conducted comparison highlights that using the OP for ontology conceptualisation can provide more expressive, reusable, objective and temporal ontologies than those conceptualised on the basis of the ORM approach.