Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of three malnutrition risk screening tools in identifying malnutrition according to Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria in gastrointestinal cancer

Background Malnutrition is common in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. The first step in the diagnosis of malnutrition is to evaluate the malnutrition risk by validated screening tools according to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM). This study aimed to determine the best nutritional screening tool for identifying GLIM malnutrition and validate the performance of these tools in different age subgroups. Materials and methods We did a prospective cohort study of patients who were diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancer from February 2016 to November 2019. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPV), negative predictive values (NPV), and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of three screening tools (Nutritional risk screening 2002 (NRS 2002), Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), MNA-SF) were calculated. Results A total of 488 patients were enrolled, and 138 patients (28.27%) were malnutrition according to the GLIM criteria. The consistency of NRS 2002, GNRI, and MNA-SF with GLIM-defined malnutrition was 74.8, 72.1, and 71.1%, respectively. In the subgroup analysis of young patients (<65 years), NRS 2002 exhibited the best discrimination with the AUC of 0.724 (95% CI, 0.567–0.882), the sensitivity of 64.3% (95% CI, 35.6–86.0), and the specificity of 80.6% (95% CI, 69.2–88.6). In patients older than 65 years, MNA-SF exhibited the best discrimination with the AUC of 0.764 (95% CI, 0.714–0.814), the sensitivity of 82.3% (95% CI, 74.1–88.3), and the specificity of 70.5% (95% CI, 64.7–75.7). Conclusions Nutritional risk screening 2002 (NRS 2002) is the best malnutrition screening tool in gastrointestinal cancer patients younger than 65 years, and MNA-SF is the best malnutrition screening tool in patients older than 65 years. It is necessary to select targeted nutritional screening tools according to the difference in age.
A strategic model of a host–microbe–microbe system reveals the importance of a joint host–microbe immune response to combat stress-induced gut dysbiosis

Microbiomes provide key ecological functions to their host; however, most host-associated microbiomes are too complicated to allow a model of essential host–microbe–microbe interactions. The intestinal microbiota of salmonids may offer a solution since few dominating species often characterize it. Healthy fish coexist with a mutualistic Mycoplasma sp. species, while stress allows the spread of pathogenic strains, such as Aliivibrio sp. Even after a skin infection, the Mycoplasma does not recover; Aliivibrio sp. often remains the dominant species, or Mycoplasma–Aliivibrio coexistence was occasionally observed. We devised a model involving interactions among the host immune system, Mycoplasma sp. plus a toxin-producing pathogen. Our model embraces a complete microbiota community and is in harmony with experimental results that host–Mycoplasma mutualism prevents the spread of pathogens. Contrary, stress suppresses the host immune system allowing dominance of pathogens, and Mycoplasma does not recover after stress disappears.
A review of heat stress in chickens. Part I: Insights into physiology and gut health

Heat stress (HS) compromises the yield and quality of poultry products and endangers the sustainability of the poultry industry. Despite being homeothermic, chickens, especially fast-growing broiler lines, are particularly sensitive to HS due to the phylogenetic absence of sweat glands, along with the artificial selection-caused increase in metabolic rates and limited development of cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Clinical signs and consequences of HS are multifaceted and include alterations in behavior (e.g., lethargy, decreased feed intake, and panting), metabolism (e.g., catabolic state, fat accumulation, and reduced skeletal muscle accretion), general homeostasis (e.g., alkalosis, hormonal imbalance, immunodeficiency, inflammation, and oxidative stress), and gastrointestinal tract function (e.g., digestive and absorptive disorders, enteritis, paracellular barrier failure, and dysbiosis). Poultry scientists and companies have made great efforts to develop effective solutions to counteract the detrimental effects of HS on health and performance of chickens. Feeding and nutrition have been shown to play a key role in combating HS in chicken husbandry. Nutritional strategies that enhance protein and energy utilization as well as dietary interventions intended to restore intestinal eubiosis are of increasing interest because of the marked effects of HS on feed intake, nutrient metabolism, and gut health. Hence, the present review series, divided into Part I and Part II, seeks to synthesize information on the effects of HS on physiology, gut health, and performance of chickens, with emphasis on potential solutions adopted in broiler chicken nutrition to alleviate these effects. Part I provides introductory knowledge on HS physiology to make good use of the nutritional themes covered by Part II.
Molecular and biochemical effects on metabolism and immunity of Hyriopsis cumingii fed with four different microalgae

Hyriopsis cumingii has attracted attention because of its pearl production performance and water purification capacity. Realizing sustainable industrialized culture of H. cumingii or applying it to bivalve biomanipulation for controlling water eutrophication needs urgent studies about the selection of suitable algae and the effects of different microalgae on mussel physiology. To contrast molecular and biochemical effects of high-quality microalgal diets (Chlorella vulgaris, Navicula pelliculosa, and Cyclotella sp.) with toxic Microcystis aeruginosa on metabolism and immune physiology of H. cumingii, levels of related enzymes and genes were analyzed during the 28-day exposure period. Results showed that the Cyclotella sp. diet could significantly (p < 0.05) maintain higher levels of metabolic enzymes (glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT), pyruvate kinase (PK), and hexokinase (HK)) and genes (CPT1 and LDLR). C. vulgaris and N. pelliculosa treatments significantly (p < 0.05) reduced activities of these metabolic parameters. The M. aeruginosa treatment significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced levels of immune enzymes (alkaline phosphatase (AKP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT)) and genes (HcIL-17 and IAP) on day 1 or 7, and there was a significant (p < 0.05) reduction on day 28. Results suggested that Cyclotella sp. was the suitable algae for H. cumingii, followed by C. vulgaris and N. pelliculosa, and toxic algae caused metabolic disorders, immune injury, and poor physiological status. The study has practical significance in the sustainable cultivation of H. cumingii and provides a theoretical basis for bivalve biomanipulation in eutrophic water.
Effectiveness of Student Team Achievement Division Cooperative Learning and Direct Instruction in Teaching Reading Comprehension to Students with Different Learning Motivation

___________________________________________________________________ This study aimed at investigating the effects of Student Team Achievement Division Cooperative Learning (STAD CL) and Direct Instruction (DI) on improving students' reading comprehension with high or low learning motivation at eleventh grade students of Senior High School 1 Kudus and finding solutions and strategies to make teachers have the preference to use of STAD CL and DI in delivering the subject matter while teaching. This study was experimental research named two-way (two-by-two) factorial design. The population of this study was the eleventh year students of State Islamic Senior High School 1 Kudus in the Academic Year 2015/2016. There were five classes from XI-A to XI -E. Each class had 35 students, therefore, the total population was 175 students. Meanwhile the samples of this study were eighty students from four classes selected based on the historical factors and pre-existing ability. 80 students were chosen to be a sample, 40 as STAD CL group and 40 as DI group. Both groups were given the pre-test to measure students' reading skill and after several times of treatments, both groups were given the post-test. The results of this study showed that STAD CL as teaching strategy for teaching reading to those who had high and low learning motivation compared to DI was more effective than DI because most students stated that STAD CL contributed to increase the reading performance in the classroom. Further study may also be conducted to determine whether teachers’ use of STAD CL or DI appears to reduce student anxiety and stress in the classroom to improve students’ reading or even other skills, retention, and student-teacher relationships.
IMMUNOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL STUDIES ON VACCINATED DOGS WITH THE LIVE ATTENUATED CANINE ADENO-1 VIRUS VACCINE

he immunogenicity and clinical safety of a local live attenuated canine adenovirus-1 vaccine (CAV-1) were evaluated in experimentally vaccinated native breed 3-4 months puppies. All vaccinated puppies did not show any abnormalities post vaccination. Studying the blood picture revealed no changes in RBCs and hemoglobin values while there was an increase in the levels of total WBCs count, lymphocyte %, total serum protein and serum globulin. Liver and kidney function tests results were found to be within the normal values. These findings insure the vaccine safety. On the other side, serum neutralization test was carried out on sera of vaccinated puppies and showed that these animals exhibited good levels of specific CAV-1 serum neutralizing antibodies able to protect them against virus infection. So, it could be said that the local CAV-1 vaccine is immunogenic vaccine suitable for dog protection against infectious canine hepatitis.
High Efficacy of (cid:1) -Blockers in Long-QT Syndrome Type 1 Contribution of Noncompliance and QT-Prolonging Drugs to the Occurrence of (cid:1) -Blocker Treatment “Failures”

Background — (cid:1) -Blocker efficacy in long-QT syndrome type 1 is good but variably reported, and the causes of cardiac events despite (cid:1) -blocker therapy have not been ascertained. Methods and Results —This was a retrospective study of the details surrounding cardiac events in 216 genotyped long-QT syndrome type 1 patients treated with (cid:1) -blocker and followed up for a median time of 10 years. Before (cid:1) -blocker, cardiac events occurred in 157 patients (73%) at a median age of 9 years, with cardiac arrest (CA) in 26 (12%). QT-prolonging drugs were used by 17 patients; 9 of 17 (53%) had CA compared with 17 of 199 nonusers (8.5%; odds ratio, 12.0; 95% confidence interval, 4.1 to 35.3; P (cid:1) 0.001). After (cid:1) -blocker, 75% were asymptomatic, and cardiac events were significantly reduced ( P (cid:1) 0.001), with a median event count (quartile 1 to 3) per person of 0 (0 to 1). Twelve patients (5.5%) suffered CA/sudden death, but 11 of 12 (92%) were noncompliant (n (cid:2) 8), were on a QT-prolonging drug (n (cid:2) 2), or both (n (cid:2) 1) at the time of the event. The risk for CA/sudden death in compliant patients not taking QT-prolonging drugs was dramatically less compared with noncompliant patients on QT-prolonging drugs (odds ratio, 0.03; 95% confidence interval, 0.003 to 0.22; P (cid:2) 0.001). None of the 26 patients with CA before (cid:1) -blocker had CA/sudden death on (cid:1) -blockers. Conclusions — (cid:1) -Blockers are extremely effective in long-QT syndrome type 1 and should be administered at diagnosis and ideally before the preteen years. (cid:1) -Blocker noncompliance and use of QT-prolonging drug are responsible for almost all life-threatening “ (cid:1) -blocker failures. ” (cid:1) -Blockers are appropriate therapy for asymptomatic patients and those who have never had a CA or (cid:1) -blocker therapy. Routine implantation of cardiac defibrillators in such patients does not appear justified. ( Circulation . 2009;119:215-221.) by a logistic regression model. Odds ratios and 95% CIs were computed while controlling for demographic (gender) and clinical (baseline QTc, prior history of symptoms) characteristics of the patients. All authors had full access to and take full responsibility for the integrity of the data. All authors have read and agree to the manuscript as written. -blockers demonstrated in this study in the (cid:1) -blocker benefit analysis and the complications associated with their costs, and their impact on quality of life in the ICD risk analysis. Our present data indicate that (cid:1) -blockers are the appropriate initial therapy for most asymptomatic LQT1 patients and those with a syncopal episode off (cid:1) -blocker—in other those who have never had (cid:1) -blocker off -blocker have a very low (none in our of 26 patients) of repeat or sudden taking their
Environmental properties of violently star-forming galaxies

A sample of 71 objects from the Spectrophotometric Catalogue of H II galaxies has been searched for neighbouring objects. According to the metallicity, IRAS colours, morphology and environmental circumstances the objects have been classified in 6 different groups. Specific denominations are proposed for each class, from nuclear starbust galaxies to irregular blue galaxies and blue compact dwarf galaxies. Blue irregular and blue compact objects have lower metallicities and higher f25 μm/f100 μm colour indices than nuclear starburst objects, indicating different evolutionary histories.
Cellular differentiation state modulates the mRNA export activity of SR proteins

SR we developed a quantitative which detects differences in shuttling among seven canonical SR protein family members. As expected, SRSF2 and SRSF5 shuttle poorly in HeLa cells but surprisingly display considerable shuttling in pluripotent P19 cells. Combining individual-resolution cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (iCLIP) and mass spectrometry, we show that elevated arginine methylation of SRSF5 and lower phosphorylation levels of cobound SRSF2 enhance shuttling of SRSF5 in P19 cells by modulating protein–protein and protein–RNA interactions. Moreover, SRSF5 is bound to pluripotency-specific transcripts such as Lin28a and Pou5f1/Oct4 in the cytoplasm. SRSF5 depletion reduces and overexpression increases their cytoplasmic mRNA levels, suggesting that enhanced mRNA export by SRSF5 is required for the expression of pluripotency factors. Remarkably, neural differentiation of P19 cells leads to dramatically reduced SRSF5 shuttling. Our findings indicate that posttranslational modification of SR proteins underlies the regulation of their mRNA export activities and distinguishes pluripotent from differentiated cells.
IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDIES ON SIMULTANEOUS VACCINATION WITH PNEUMO-3 AND PPR INACTIVATED VACCINE IN SHEEP

non-vaccinated control group. All tested animals remained clinically normal throughout the whole experimental period. Very satisfactory serological responses were detected in animals, simultaneously vaccinated with both vaccines. No differences were detected in serum neutralizing antibody titres against IBR, BVD, PI-3 and PPR viruses, in sheep which received inactivated PPR vaccine, neither before nor after vaccination with pneumo-3 vaccine. The results clearly indicated the safety and efficacy of simultaneous vaccination of sheep with pneumo-3 and inactivated PPR vaccine without any competition for the response to individual vaccine. Also there is neither synergistic nor antagonistic effect for the two vaccines in sheep.
Case Herbst Appliance Reinforced with an Hybrid Hyrax Expander and Two Miniscrews in the Lower Arch: Case Report

: Introduction: Class II growing patients can be successfully treated with the Herbst appliance, nevertheless this therapy generally produces side effects, such as upper incisors retroclination and lower incisors proclination, which eventually could reduce mandibular forward advancement. Treatment objectives: The purpose of this article is to show a treatment of class II malocclusion with crowding in both arches by a skeletally reinforced Herbst appliance. Treatment description: Two miniscrews were applied in the lower arch to control lower incisors proclination and in the upper arch an Hybrid palatal expander was used. Results: the correction of the severe class II malocclusion was obtained with mandibular advancement, avoiding lower incisors proclination with control also of the upper incisors. Upper crowding with lack of space for upper canine alignment was corrected. Conclusions: Upper and lower miniscrews worked successfully as anchorage for the entire treatment.
Identification and control for singularly perturbed systems using multi-time-scale neural networks

Many well established singular perturbation theories for singularly perturbed systems require the full knowledge of system model parameters. In this paper, a new adaptive identification method for singularly perturbed nonlinear system using multi-time-scale recurrent high-order neural networks is proposed to obtain an accurate and faithful model. By extending the usage of the optimal bounded ellipsoid concept, which is originally designed for discrete time systems, a novel weight updating law is developed for tuning the weights of the continuous time neural networks during the identification process. Based on the identification results, an indirect adaptive control scheme using singular perturbation theory is developed. By using singular perturbation theory, the system order is reduced, and the controller structure is simplified. The upper bound ε* for the small parameter ε is also obtained, such that for all 0 <; ε <; ε*, the estimated tracking errors will converge to 0 exponentially, and the tracking error will be bounded. The closed-loop stability is analyzed and the effectiveness of the identification and control scheme is demonstrated by simulation results.
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (cid:1) / (cid:2) (PPAR (cid:1) / (cid:2) ) but Not PPAR (cid:3) Serves as a Plasma Free Fatty Acid Sensor in Liver (cid:1) †

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (cid:1) (PPAR (cid:1) ) is an important transcription factor in liver that can be activated physiologically by fasting or pharmacologically by using high-afﬁnity synthetic agonists. Here we initially set out to elucidate the similarities in gene induction between Wy14643 and fasting. Numerous genes were commonly regulated in liver between the two treatments, including many classical PPAR (cid:1) target genes, such as Aldh3a2 and Cpt2 . Remarkably, several genes induced by Wy14643 were upregulated by fasting independently of PPAR (cid:1) , including Lpin2 and St3gal5 , suggesting involvement of another transcription factor. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, Lpin2 and St3gal5 were shown to be direct targets of PPAR (cid:2) / (cid:3) during fasting, whereas Aldh3a2 and Cpt2 were exclusive targets of PPAR (cid:1) . Binding of PPAR (cid:2) / (cid:3) to the Lpin2 and St3gal5 genes followed the plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentration, consistent with activation of PPAR (cid:2) / (cid:3) by plasma FFAs. Subsequent experiments using transgenic and knockout mice for Angptl4 , a potent stimulant of adipose tissue lipolysis, conﬁrmed the stimulatory effect of plasma FFAs on Lpin2 and St3gal5 expression levels via PPAR (cid:2) / (cid:3) . In contrast, the data did not support activation of PPAR (cid:1) by plasma FFAs. The results identify Lpin2 and St3gal5 as novel PPAR (cid:2) / (cid:3) target genes and show that upregulation of gene expression by PPAR (cid:2) / (cid:3) is sensitive to plasma FFA levels. In contrast, this is not the case for PPAR (cid:1) , revealing a novel mechanism for functional differentiation between PPARs. Fat cells were liberated by gentle stirring followed by centrifugation of the cell suspension for 1 min at 400 (cid:9) g . Fat cells were isolated from the surface and washed once in phosphate- buffered saline (PBS). Subsequently, fat cells were incubated in DMEM containing 1% lipid-free BSA and 1 (cid:7) M isoproterenol at 37°C with 5% CO 2 . Medium was collected at various time points and frozen for measurement of free fatty acids and glycerol (kits from Instruchemie, Delfzijl, The Netherlands). RNA isolation and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. Total liver RNA was isolated with TRIzol reagent (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. A NanoDrop ND-1000 spectrophotometer (Isogen Life Science, Ijsselstein, The Netherlands) was used to determine RNA concentrations. One microgram of total RNA was reverse transcribed using iScript (Bio-Rad, Veenendaal, The Netherlands). cDNA was ampliﬁed on a Bio-Rad MyIQ or iCycler PCR machine using Platinum Taq DNA polymerase (Invitrogen). PCR primer sequences were taken from the PrimerBank (56) and ordered from Eurogentec. Sequences of the primers used are available upon request.
Space Vector Modulation Technique for Electric Drive Vehicle

In concern about the healthy environment and sustainable development, the replacement of combustion engine with electric motor is becoming essential in automobile industry. Various nations have taken serious steps towards their Electric Vehicle Mission in order to reduce the pollution thus by eliminating the green gases emission into the atmosphere. This paper uses a space vector modulation technique to improve the controllability and efficiency of an inverter used in Field oriented control of Induction Motor of Electric Vehicle. The system is modeled and simulated in Matlab simulink and results are satisfied with the electric vehicle index.
University of Birmingham European headache federation consensus on idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Background: Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) is characterized by an elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP no identifiable cause. The aetiology remains largely unknown, however observations made in a number of recent clinical studies are increasing the understanding of the disease and now provide the basis for evidence-based treatment strategies. Methods: The Embase, CDSR, CENTRAL, DARE and MEDLINE databases were searched up to 1st June 2018. We analyzed randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews that investigate IIH. Results: Diagnostic uncertainty, headache morbidity and visual loss are among the highest concerns of clinicians and patients in this disease area. Research in this field is infrequent due to the rarity of the disease and the lack of understanding of the underlying pathology. Conclusions: This European Headache Federation consensus paper provides evidence-based recommendations and practical advice on the investigation and management of IIH.