Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deep learning for Turkish makam music composition

: In this paper, we introduce a new deep-learning-based system that can compose structured Turkish makam music (TMM) in the symbolic domain. Presented artificial TMM composer (ATMMC) takes eight initial notes from a human user and completes the rest of the piece. The backbone of the composer system consists of multilayered long short-term memory (LSTM) networks. ATMMC can create pieces in Hicaz and Nihavent makams in Şarkı form, which can be viewed and played with Mus2, a notation software for microtonal music. Statistical analysis shows that pieces composed by ATMMC are approximately 84% similar to training data. ATMMC is an open-source project and can assist Turkish makam music enthusiasts with creating new pieces for professional, educational, or entertainment purposes.
Risk Assessment and Control through Countermeasure System Iplementation for Long-term Crew Exposure to Microgravity

Experience with the International Space Station (ISS) program demonstrates the degree to which engineering design and operational solutions must protect crewmembers from health risks due to long-term exposure to the microgravity environment. Risks to safety and health due to degradation in the microgravity environment include crew inability to complete emergency or nominal activities, increased risk of injury, and inability to complete safe return to the ground due to reduced strength or embrittled bones. These risks without controls slowly increase in probability for the length of the mission and become more significant for increasing mission durations. Countermeasures to microgravity include hardware systems that place a crewmember s body under elevated stress to produce an effect similar to daily exposure to gravity. The ISS countermeasure system is predominately composed of customized exercise machines. Historical treatment of microgravity countermeasure systems as medical research experiments unintentionally reduced the foreseen importance and therefore the capability of the systems to function in a long-term operational role. Long-term hazardous effects and steadily increasing operational risks due to non-functional countermeasure equipment require a more rigorous design approach and incorporation of redundancy into seemingly non- mission-critical hardware systems. Variations in the rate of health degradation and responsiveness to countermeasures among the crew population drastically increase the challenge for design requirements development and verification of the appropriate risk control strategy. The long-term nature of the hazards and severe limits on logistical re-supply mass, volume and frequency complicates assessment of hardware availability and verification of an adequate maintenance and sparing plan. Design achievement of medically defined performance requirements by microgravity countermeasure systems and incorporation of adequate failure tolerance significantly reduces these risks. Future implementation of on-site monitoring hardware for critical health parameters such as bone mineral density would allow greater responsiveness, efficiency, and optimized design of the countermeasures system.
Atmospheric Effects of Subsonic Aircraft: Interim Assessment Report of the Advanced Subsonic Technology Program

This first interim assessment of the subsonic assessment (SASS) project attempts to summarize concisely the status of our knowledge concerning the impacts of present and future subsonic aircraft fleets. It also highlights the major areas of scientific uncertainty, through review of existing data bases and model-based sensitivity studies. In view of the need for substantial improvements in both model formulations and experimental databases, this interim assessment cannot provide confident numerical predictions of aviation impacts. However, a number of quantitative estimates are presented, which provide some guidance to policy makers.
The impact of grant funding upon communities in New Zealand: A case study

As long ago as 1601, private giving was already so well established in Britain that it justified government regulation through the Charitable Uses Act. Although private giving has a long history in New Zealand, the impact and reach of community grants giving is difficult to measure and has not been extensively studied. In this study we assess the impact of charitable community grants in New Zealand by looking at the community impacts associated with disbursements from one large charitable trust, the Lion Foundation (the Foundation), as a case study. Data were collected through an online survey from recipient organisations and analysed using standard statistical tests. We found that the work done by the organisations had a strong positive impact on health, sports, education and culture and heritage communities. We also found that, without grant funding, many of the organisations would cease to exist.
An Adaptive Decision Feedback Equalisation For Broadband Powerline Communication System

Power line networks can be used to increase accessibility of broadband communication services in developing countries. Nevertheless, power line networks are affected by stochastic channel alterations triggered by load connection and disconnection, branched line lengths, branches, etc. This impairment affects the implementation of Broadband Power Line Communication (BPLC) system. This paper therefore proposes an Adaptive Decision Feedback Equalisation (ADFE) technique to overcome the stochastic channel changes in powerline communication channels. An appropriate power-line channel model is selected and channel impulse responses are obtained from the selected channel model. The impulse responses are obtained and used for simulation to analysing the the performance of ADFE technique. The ADFE is simulated and then results are analyzed through comparisons with other equalizers in order to examine its performance. Simulation results prove that the adaptive decision feedback equalizer performs better to overcome the effects of stochastic changes in power-line network compared to other techniques.
The Neuropsychological Profile Of Obsessive-Complusive Disorder In Young Adults

The purpose of this thesis is to compare the cognitive functioning in young adults with OCD against same-aged healthy controls. Current neuropsychological findings in adults with OCD are mixed, thus by examining cognitive functioning in young adults with OCD aged 18-29 years could clarify whether deficits emerge during this time. A neuropsychological battery was administered to both groups. Results: Comparable performance was found in inhibitory control, information processing speed, motor speed and manual dexterity, but deficits appeared in the OCD group on decision-making, set shifting, copy time of a complex figure, and verbal memory. State anxiety showed a large effect that was correlated to performance deficits. Conclusions: Young adults with OCD have similar cognitive profiles as their healthy counterparts but they may be more anxious in testing situations. Replication of these findings with a larger sample is necessary to better understand the cognitive profile in young adults with OCD.
Feasibility Study of Developing Large Scale Solar PV Project in Ghana: An Economical Analysis

Solar photovoltaic industry growth in recent years has surpassed any other renewable energy sources worldwide and the need for carbon neutral electricity will continue to increase. In developed countries solar PV is a proven and feasible technology, however in African countries it is almost inexistent. So the fact that most PV systems are installed in rich countries with low solar radiation instead of sunny Africa does not add up. For this reason, the aim of this report is to assess the feasibility of developing a large scale solar PV plant in Africa, more specifically Ghana. The installation of 100 MW of solar PV is assumed in a pre-determined location in Ghana, where solar irradiation is the highest. The computation of total plant generation uses solar maps, PV modules specification and average benchmark figures for system losses. Furthermore a review of policy framework a Feed-in-Tariff (FiT) for solar PV development in Ghana is carried out to assert the viability of the project. Ultimately, an economic analysis is carried out via using cash flow models in Excel work sheets. The key financial indicators used for evaluation of the project include net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), benefit-to-cost ratio (B/C) and Payback period (PBP). A comprehensive risk assessment is used to identify and create risk mitigating strategies. The sensitivity analysis creates a strategy to deal with the risk of inflation and currency depreciation. The sensitivity analysis shows that the project profitability ranges from -20 to 140 million US dollars under tight inflation and currency boundary conditions. It was possible to conclude that the project is feasible indeed, but consideration must be taken in regards to contract terms and inflation data.
Occupant sensing in smart restraint systems

The need for smart restraint systems is summarized and the overall objectives for these systems are outlined in this paper. Requirements on the occupant sensing portion of such a system are proposed, and the mapping of crash/occupant circumstances to tune/tailor deployment parameters is explored. The differences between sensing for restraint tailoring and for Rear Facing Infant Seat (RFIS) restraint tailoring are explored. Several approaches to occupant sensing are compared.
Dietary Protein Deficiency Affects Food Consumption and Torpor in the African Woodland Dormouse (Graphiurus murinus)

Abstract. Many heterotherms employ torpor to conserve energy to cope with food shortage. Food shortage affects not only energy budgets but also other aspects of nutritional status. In addition to serving as an energy substrate, dietary proteins also provide vital nutrients including essential amino acids, some of which cannot be synthesized de novo. We evaluated the hypothesis that dietary protein deficiency induces torpor as a means of adjusting protein metabolism in the African woodland dormouse (Graphiurus murinus), a rodent with a protein-rich diet and lacking a cecum, which limits the potential for hindgut fermentation and coprophagy. Dormice were fed control and non-protein diets with equivalent energy content every two weeks under thermoneutral conditions. While the dormice did not express torpor under control conditions, some did under protein-deficient conditions. Among dormice expressing torpor, one maintained energy intake comparable to that during the control diet period, whereas the other reduced energy intake due to spontaneously reduced food consumption. These results suggest that torpor can be induced directly or indirectly by dietary protein deficiency even in the absence of energy constraints and thermal stress. In either case, torpor in response to deficiency in certain nutrients can reduce demands of the nutrient.
The vision of a smart city

The vision of ''Smart Cities'' is the urban center of the future, made safe, secure environmentally green, and efficient because all structures--whether for power, water, transportation, etc. are designed, constructed, and maintained making use of advanced, integrated materials, sensors, electronics, and networks which are interfaced with computerized systems comprised of databases, tracking, and decision-making algorithms. This paper discusses a current initiative being led by the Brookhaven National Laboratory to create a research, development and deployment agenda that advances this vision. This is anchored in the application of new technology to current urban center issues while looking 20 years into the future and conceptualizing a city framework that may exist.
Chemical Composition of Leaves and Hull from Pistacia Vera L. an Evaluation of Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Properties of their Extracts

The pistachio industry in Tunisia generates a high amount of waste every year due to the large pistachio production. This, together with the good properties of the compounds that can be extracted from these by-products, makes it necessary a comprehensive study of their potential. Because of that, the aim of this work was to analyze the chemical characterization of male and female leaves and hull of Pistacia vera L. and their ethanol-water extracts. With that purpose, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extracts were determined and their antioxidant activities were investigated using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. The total phenolic content varied from 218to533mg GAE/g DE, and the total flavonoid content varied from119to 397 mg CE/g DE. In general, the antioxidant activity showed significant values. The DPPH assay and the ABTS assay were in the range of 332–704 mg TE/g DE and 427and 1394 mg TE/g DE, respectively . In the case of FRAP, male leaves extract had the best result, being the TE value 808 mg TE/g DE. All the extracts were rich in phenolic compounds and possess valuable antioxidant activities. Therefore, leaves and hull of Pistacia vera L. could be used as cheap natural antioxidant in different applications.
Data-driven fault diagnosis for PEMFC systems

Aiming at improving the reliability and durability of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) systems and promote the commercialization of fuel cell technologies, this thesis work is dedicated to the fault diagnosis study for PEMFC systems. In consideration of the sophistication in establishing the accurate and diagnosis-friendly model for PEMFC systems, data-driven fault diagnosis is the main focus in this thesis. As a main branch of data-driven fault diagnosis, the methods based on pattern classification techniques are firstly studied. Taking individual fuel cell voltages as original diagnosis variables, fault detection and isolation (FDI) is achieved through a two-step procedure. The first step is for feature extraction, while the second one is for classification. According to this framework, several representative methodologies in each step are investigated and compared from the perspectives of diagnosis accuracy and computational cost. Specific to the defects on novel class detection and online adaptation capability of conventional classification based diagnosis methods, a novel diagnosis strategy is proposed for PEMFC system diagnosis. A new classifier named Sphere-shaped Multi-class Support Vector Machine (SSM-SVM) and modified diagnostic rules are utilized to realize the novel fault recognition. While an incremental learning method is extended to achieve the online adaptation. Apart from the pattern classification based diagnosis approach, a so-called partial model-based data-driven approach is introduced to handle PEMFC diagnosis in dynamic processes. With the aid of a subspace identification method (SIM), the model-based residual generation is designed directly from the normal and dynamic operating data. Then, fault detection and isolation are further realized by evaluating the generated residuals. The proposed diagnosis strategies have been verified using the experimental data which cover a set of representative faults and different PEMFC stacks. The preliminary online implementation results with an embedded system are also supplied.
Large-signal multi-tone time domain waveform measurement system with broadband active load impedance control

This thesis presents a novel large-signal, multi-tone, time domain waveform measurement and engineering system, which builds upon existing large-signal measurement approaches. The presented system allows for a more considered, and scientific process to be adopted in the design of modern day communications systems. The ultimate aim of this work is to reduce the need for an iterative design approach by providing a measurement system that offers detailed information about a device or circuit without the need for prototyping, it is hoped that such an approach will one day lead to a 'right first time' design approach by allowing ultra-rapid data collection with measurements conducted in realistic environments while employing realistic stimuli. The main contributions to the field of research come in two areas firstly developments that allow for accurate time domain measurement of complex modulated signals using commercially available equipment and secondly in the area of active impedance control, where novel developments were made allowing active control of impedance across a modulated bandwidth. The first research area addressed is the fundamental difficulty in sampling multi-tone waveforms, where the main achievements have been the realisation of a novel frequency-folded and interleaved sampling approach. This approach, with appropriate time-alignment and averaging allows the efficient collection of high-quality vectoral information for all significant distortion terms, for all bands of interest. This means that for the first time off-the-shelf sampling oscilloscopes with limited memory depth can be used capture multi-tone signals in sufficient detail to observe all critical device performance. The second area of research investigated suitable impedance control architectures. Measurement of large-signal multi-tone information is only useful if the broadband impedance environment can also be controlled, only then can we allow a full understanding of the device, and provide the fundamental ability to engineer waveforms for optimum device performance. The main achievement in this area was the development and realisation of a novel architecture that allows active impedance control over a modulated bandwidth.
Historical Directory of Trade Unions

Contents: Foreword, Asa Briggs Introduction Preface. Part 1 Print, Paper and Publishing: England and Wales Ireland Scotland. Part 2 Domestic Service: Wholesale and retail and distribution Costermongers and street traders Bakers Millers Soft drinks and brewery workers Butchers, poulterers and fishmongers Domestic servants Barbers and hairdressers Hotel, restaurant and catering staff Finance industry - banking staff organisations Finance industry - building society staff organisations Finance industry - insurance staff organisations Others Sports and entertainment Window cleaners and chimney sweeps. Part 3 Agriculture. Part 4 Public Employees: Manual workers Local government staff organisations Education. Part 5 General Workers. Part 6 Staff Associations: Aerospace Engineering and allied industries Food, drink, tobacco Other Manufacturing industries Retail and other. Appendix Index.
A Comparison of the BioRID II, Hybrid III, and RID2 in Low-Severity Rear Impacts

The BioRID II, 50th percentile Hybrid III and RID2 crash test dummies, all representing a mid-size adult male, were subjected to HyGE™ rear impact sled tests. Their measured and calculated responses were used to evaluate their sensitivity to sled velocity, head restraint position, and other test setup parameters. Three test series were conducted using different sled acceleration pulses and different types of seats. For conditions where three identical tests were conducted, repeatability was evaluated. In Series A, the effect of sled velocity on the Hybrid III and RID2 was evaluated. For the RID2, the effect of the initial backset was also evaluated in this series. In Series B, the head restraint position and the sled velocity were changed to see how the performances of the BioRID II, Hybrid III and RID2 were affected. In Series C, the effect of sled velocity changes and head restraint position on the Hybrid III and RID2 were again evaluated, and repeatability was assessed. Comments on the handling and durability of the dummies are also provided.
PRACTICAL AND THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF AGGREGATION PROBLEMS IN TRANSPORTATION PLANNING MODELS

Large scale traffic assignment models of urban transport networks are often prohibitively expensive computationally, prompting traffic engineers to use only sub networks in the plannng process. The author surveys three empirical investigations of this practice on networks for Phoenix, Arizona, Washington, DC, and Eindhoven, Netherlands. The extraction of sub networks is then investigated theoretically and shown to have a rigorous basis in mathematical programming decomposition theory. Pratical applications of the theory, which can improve the accuracy of current ad hoc procedures, are given with mumerical examples. (TRRL)
Selective Attention Based on Speech Complexity and Learning Rate

Children are thought to learn best from information that is appropriate for them, given their current level of competence. But what role might learners themselves play in actively selecting and attending to such information? We introduce a novel method to investigate whether children's attention to spoken language is responsive to its complexity or appropriateness. Preschoolers (4–6 years, M=4.6) watched a video where a distracting animation accompanied the illustrations of a storybook. The audio narration for each page of the storybook was looped such that the story progressed faster if the child looked at the distractor for an extended period of time, indicating their loss of attention towards the story. We manipulated the complexity of the narration in two between-subjects conditions: the Simple narration contained largely familiar words, while the Complex narration contained many words typically acquired later. Children's learning was measured via post-tests of their plot comprehension and unfamiliar word knowledge. Children hearing the Complex speech were less likely to listen past the minimum duration of each page, and showed decreased gaze to the story illustrations. Across complexity levels and controlling for age, children's selective attention to the speech was significantly related to their plot knowledge. In the Complex condition —where children heard the unfamiliar words we tested in the story narration — children's attention also predicted their word learning accuracy. Our results provide evidence that young children may actively direct their attention toward linguistic input that is most appropriate for their current level of cognitive and linguistic development, which may provide the best learning opportunities.
SAC: A Stream Aware Write Cache Scheme for Multi-Streamed Solid State Drives

This work found that the state-of-the-art multi-streamed SSDs are inefficiently used due to two issues. First, the write cache inside SSDs is not aware of data from different streams, which induce conflict among streams. Second, the current stream identification methods are not accurate, which should be optimized inside SSDs. This work proposed a novel write cache scheme to efficiently utilize and optimize the multiple streams. First, an inter-stream aware cache partitioning scheme is proposed to manage the data from different streams. Second, an intra-stream based active cache evicting scheme is proposed to evict data to block with more invalid pages in priority. Experiment results show that the proposed scheme significantly reduces the write amplification (WAF) of multi-streamed SSDs by up to 28% with negligible cost.