Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neurocognition in the reading of Chinese characters

Chinese characters, which form an ideographic writing system, have shown distinctive features in the neurocognition of their reading. This paper gives a comprehensive review of five main issues of Chinese reading, which are (1) the relationship across written forms, sounds, and meanings during the neurocognitive processing of Chinese reading, (2) the involvement of structural and linguistic units, such as strokes (笔画), radicles (部件), components (偏旁), whole characters (整字), and words (词), in character reading, (3) the influence of attentional conditions on character reading, (4) the activation of Chinese characters from non-character input, and (5) the influences of readers’ linguistic experiences on character reading. We summarize that the reading of Chinese characters involves dynamic integration of multi-channel information and multiple levels of processing units, which, as compared with alphabetic writing systems, rely more on form-to-meaning semantic processing, while its form-to-phonology non-semantic processing is greatly influenced by para-linguistic context.
The automatic localization of the vena contracta using Intracardiac Echocardiography (ICE): a feasibility study

Recent recognition of the poor prognosis of significant tricuspid regurgitation (TR) has resulted in increased indication for tricuspid valve interventions. TR can affect 65% to 85% of the population worldwide and has a 1-year mortality rate greater than 25% in patients with severe regurgitation. A key procedure for patient selection and intraoperative assessment of intervention involves determining the location of the vena contracta width and regurgitant jet area. Manual visualization of the vena contracta (VC) can be time consuming depending on its location. Decreasing the required time for VC visualization would potentially result in decreased time for patient assessment, device deployment and intraprocedural intervention evaluation thus reducing hospital costs. There is currently no commercially available automatic VC detection system. We present a method to automatically localize the VC using 3D intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) on a simplified anthropomorphic phantom as a proof of concept. A beating heart phantom was outfitted with a silicone flange containing a mechanical valve and an orifice to cause a regurgitant jet. We propose an image processing pipeline to segment the regurgitant jet from Doppler ultrasound, as acquired by ICE, to determine the location of the VC automatically. The VC locations output by the algorithm were validated both qualitatively and quantitatively by comparison to manually annotated VC locations. On average, the location of VC detected by the algorithm was within 1.52±35mm to the location of the ground truth VC. We envision that this study will play a major role towards the development of an automated system for VC localization during TV interventions.
Market coverage of wood imports by the EU Timber Regulation

Illegal Logging is one of the major global causes for deforestation and the degradation of forests. The further manufacturing of illegally logged wood and products made thereof as well as the associated trade has also negative social and economic effects on both sides of the wood markets, the producer and consumer countries. One of the key measures of the European Union (EU) to combat illegal logging is the EU Timber Regulation (EUTR). The EUTR came into effect on March 1, 2013 and it prohibits the placing of wood and wood products made of illegally logged wood on the EU internal market. This placement can either be done by selling removals from European forests or by importing wood and wood-based products into the EU. But for what kind of products does the regulation apply exactly? The EUTR refers to its An-nex where a list is provided with respective commodities. The products are structured ac-cording to the trade classification of the Combined Nomenclature (CN). The main focus is laid on wood and articles of wood (chapter 44 of the CN), on pulp of wood (chapter 47) and on paper and paperboard and articles made thereof (chapter 48). Additionally commodity codes for furniture and one code for prefabricated buildings are listed. However, as certain wood-based products are not included in the EUTR, the question arises, how many wood-based products are not covered by the EUTR. What is the coverage ratio of the EUTR if we are looking at all wood-based products? [. ]
WD 1145+017: Alternative models of the atmosphere, dust clouds, and gas rings

Context. WD 1145+017 (WD1145) is the first white dwarf known to be orbited by disintegrating exoasteroids. It is a DBZ-type white dwarf with strongly variable broad circumstellar lines and variable shallow ultraviolet (UV) transits. Various models of the dust clouds and gaseous rings have been proposed as an explanation for this behavior. Aims. We aim to revisit these observations and propose alternative or modified models of the atmosphere of this white dwarf, its dust clouds, and gas rings. Methods. The simple radiative transfer code Shellspec was modified for this purpose and used for testing the new dust cloud and gas disk models. We used modified TLUSTY and SYNSPEC codes to calculate atmosphere models assuming the local thermodynamical equilibrium (LTE) or nonLTE (NLTE), and to calculate the intrinsic spectrum of the star. We then used these atmosphere models to estimate the mass of the radiative and convective zones and NLTE spectrum synthesis to estimate their chemical composition. Results. We offer an alternative explanation of some (not all) shallow UV transits. These may be naturally caused by the optical properties of the dust grains: opacities and mainly phase functions as a result of the forward scattering. The latter is much stronger in UV compared to the optical region, leaving more UV photons in the original direction during the transit. We also developed an alternative model of the gaseous disk, consisting of an inner, hotter, and almost circular disk and an outer, cooler, and eccentric disk. The structure precesses with a period of 3 . 83 ± 0 . 12 yr. We demonstrate that it fits the observed circumstellar lines reasonably well. These alternative models solve a few drawbacks that might be associated with the previous models, but they also have their own disadvantages. We confirm that the chemical composition of the atmosphere is similar to that of CI chondrites but carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur are significantly underabundant and much closer to the bulk Earth composition. This is a strong argument that the star has recently encountered and accreted material from a body of Earth-like composition.
Wastewater reuse in Beijing: an evolving hybrid system

Abstract Water reuse capacity in Beijing has developed rapidly along hybrid lines, with a small number of large-scale plants connected to a network backbone and a large number of small-scale plants in less densely developed areas. This article examines whether Beijing’s reuse system meets the objectives of effectiveness and sustainability, employing a new data-set of water reuse facilities for the city. It finds that reuse development in Beijing has so far been largely supply-driven and the desirable attributes of a hybrid system may only be achieved as greater attention is given to demand aspects of water reuse.
Effect of biologically-motivated energy constraints on liquid state machine dynamics and classification performance

Equipping edge devices with intelligent behavior opens up new possibilities for automating the decision making in extreme size, weight, and power-constrained application domains. To this end, several recent lines of research are aimed at the design of artificial intelligence hardware accelerators that have significantly reduced footprint and power demands compared to conventional CPU/GPU systems. However, despite some key advancements, the majority of work in this area assumes that there is an unlimited supply of energy available for computation, which is not realistic in the case of battery-powered and energy harvesting devices. In this paper, we address this gap by exploring the computational effects of energy constraints on a popular class of brain-inspired spiking neural networks–liquid state machines (LSMs). Energy constraints were applied by limiting the spiking activity in subsets of LSM neurons. We tested our designs on two biosignal processing tasks: epileptic seizure detection and biometric gait identification. For both tasks, we show that energy constraints can significantly improve classification accuracy. This demonstrates that in the design of neuromorphic systems, reducing energy and increasing performance are not always competing goals.
Present and Development of Lightning Protection for HV Transmission Lines and Substations

The lightningproof measures home and abroad are summarized: the characteristics and limitations of conventional lightningproof measures are analyzed such as erecting lightning conductor,reducing grounding resistance,installing polymeric housed metal oxide line-surge arrester and etc,and the new lightningproof techniques are introduced such as some new structures of transmission lines,lightningproof gap,controllable discharge lightning rod and etc;the direct lightning stroke protection for substation,the protection of incoming section,and the lightningproof measures for transformer,circuit breaker and reactor are discussed,and resistance reduction techniques of substation grounding grid are studied.It is indicated that the study on lightningproof measures for HV transmission lines and substations is a comprehensive subject,and in practice of the lightningproof project,the design of a reasonable comprehensive lightningproof project based on economic and technical comparison and the new lightningproof techniques suitable for special geographical conditions are two main study directions in the future.
Changes in Endogenous Phytohormones of Gerbera jamesonii Axillary Shoots Multiplied under Different Light Emitting Diodes Light Quality

Light quality is essential in in vitro cultures for morphogenesis process. Light emitting diodes system (LED) allows adjustment as desired and the most appropriate light spectrum. The study analyzed the influence of different LED light quality on the balance of endogenous phytohormones and related compounds (PhRC) in in vitro multiplied axillary shoots of Gerbera jamesonii. Over a duration of 40 days, the shoots were exposed to 100% red light, 100% blue light, red and blue light at a 7:3 ratio with control fluorescent lamps. Every 10 days plant tissues were tested for their PhRC content with the use of an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). Shoots’ morphometric features were analyzed after a multiplication cycle. We identified 35 PhRC including twelve cytokinins, seven auxins, nine gibberellins, and seven stress-related phytohormones. Compounds content varied from 0.00052 nmol/g to 168.15 nmol/g of dry weight (DW). The most abundant group were stress-related phytohormones (particularly benzoic and salicylic acids), and the least abundant were cytokinins (about 370 times smaller content). LED light did not disturb the endogenous phytohormone balance, and more effectively mitigated the stress experienced by in vitro grown plants than the fluorescent lamps. The stress was most effectively reduced under the red LED. Red and red:blue light lowered tissue auxin levels. Blue LED light lowered the shoot multiplication rate and their height, and induced the highest content of gibberellins at the last stage of the culture.
Embedded Sensors in Monitoring of Human Daily Activities

The aim of the paper is to describe some results from experiments with embedded sensors using inertial sensors as wearable sensors. Authors were involved in last years in the development of ICT services for monitoring of elderly persons daily activities monitoring, and their home environment status monitoring and control as well.Main goal of the current research interest is to add embedded sensors to mentioned services for monitoring of the critical physiological parameters to get more information about users’ behavior and critical situations.
Effects of medical scribes on patients, physicians, and safety: A scoping review

A scoping review was conducted to investigate the effects of medical scribes on physician and patient satisfaction, physician burnout, the educational experience of medical students and residents, risk, and safety. The databases PubMed, EMBASE, and CINAHL were searched for the years 2000-2020. Relevant studies were analyzed qualitatively. Literature analysis found that medical scribes increase physician satisfaction and decrease physician burnout, while having minimal impact on patient satisfaction. Patient impressions of scribes tend to be neutral to positive. The effects of scribes on medical student and resident education appear positive in preliminary results. Scribe-generated notes seem to be of equal or greater quality compared to physician-generated notes, though few studies have examined this issue. The impact of scribes on risk and safety has not been fully studied. Few studies of medical scribes have been conducted in Canada, and only one has been published in a peer-reviewed journal. Medical scribes are a promising solution to the growing challenge of physician documentation-related burden fueled by electronic health records and electronic medical records. Studies on the impact of scribes in countries other than the United States are needed. Administrative hurdles to the implementation of scribes in Canadian hospitals could be a barrier to pilot studies in Canada.
Superconductors and Gravity

We review and discuss some recent developments on the unconventional interaction between superconducting systems and the local gravitational field. While it is known that gravitational perturbations (such as gravitational waves) can affect supercondensates and supercurrents dynamics, we want to focus here on the more subtle superfluid back-reaction acting on the surrounding gravitational field, analysing some specific favourable situations. To this end, we will consider suitable quantum macrosystems in a coherent state, immersed in the static weak Earth’s gravitational field, investigating possible slight local alterations of the latter not explained in terms of classical physics.
Adherence to Dihydroartemisinin + Piperaquine Treatment Regimen in Low and High Endemic Areas in Indonesia

After decades of successful artemisinin regimen in combating malaria, its effectiveness has decreased since parasite resistance to the treatment regimen has begun to appear. Adherence to artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) in a population is considered to be the key factor contributing to such resistance phenomenon. Although several studies have tried to demonstrate adherence to several ACT types in a population, only a limited number of studies demonstrated adherence to dihyrdroartemisinin + piperaquine (DHP) regimen. The present study was conducted in two localities representing low and high endemic areas in Indonesia. Active case detection (ACD) and passive case detection (PCD) have been applied to screen for malaria case in the localities. At day 3, patients were visited in the house to be interviewed using structured questionnaire. Capillary sample of each patient was also collected on Whatman® filter paper at day 60 to observe the piperaquine metabolite of the patients. 47 and 91 (out of 62 and 138) patients from Jambi and Sumba, respectively, were successfully enrolled in this study. In Jambi, the level of adherence was 66%, while that in Sumba was 79.1%. The associated factors of adherence in our study settings are patient age group (OR = 1.65 [CI: 0.73–3.73]) and patients' knowledge of malaria prevention measure (OR = 0.29 [CI: 0.09–0.9]). Our study suggested that the adherence to ACT medication among population in our study setting is considered to be less than 80%, which needs to be elevated to avoid the growing trend of treatment failure as seen globally. Additionally, our study found that metabolite at day 60 after prescription of piperaquine could be a potential marker for monitoring adherence to piperaquine drug in a population.
Energy-Efficient Beamforming for Heterogeneous Industrial IoT Networks With Phase and Distortion Noises

The industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is one of the key applications in 5G heterogeneous networks. To support high energy efficiency (EE) and reliability of IIoT equipment, it is important to design an efficient resource allocation algorithm in dynamic and complex environments. However, most of the studies on 5G heterogeneous IIoT networks did not address the transceiver hardware impairment (HWI) issues (e.g., phase noises, amplifier nonlinearities, and quantization errors) and the corresponding algorithms may not be applicable in practice. To this end, in this article, we investigate a realistic beamforming algorithm in a multicell downlink multiple-input single-output heterogeneous IIoT network by incorporating HWIs in our design. In particular, a beamforming design problem is formulated as a nonconvex optimization problem for maximizing the total EE of all equipment subject to the quality of service constraints of the IIoT equipment in both the macrocell and femtocells and the maximum transmit power constraints of base stations. In light of the intractability of the considered problem, we develop an EE-based iterative beamforming algorithm to tackle the formulated problem by employing the semidefinite relaxation method, Dinkelbach’s method, and the successive convex approximation method. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve higher EE and bring less interference power to the macrocell IIoT equipment by comparing it with baseline algorithms.
Industry Development: Involving the Whole Industry in Practice Change

The adoption of on-farm assurance processes is generally not favoured by farmers, but many industry organisations recognise their importance in maintaining market access and meeting community demands for sustainable farming. A Department of Agriculture and Food project aimed to increase the adoption of on-farm food safety and environmental management assurance programs in Western Australian agriculture by supporting industry organisations to develop and deliver their own food safety, environmental and animal welfare assurance processes rather than implement new systems. Throughout the three-year project, industry organisations played a vital role in the development, delivery and ongoing maintenance of assurance programs. A network of industry stakeholders was developed to share information on program development and delivery, and to maximise funding opportunities. Through this network industry organisations were able to deliver programs that were relevant to WA farmers and that better met market and community demands for sustainable farming.
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of NAC Family in Hibiscus hamabo Sieb. et Zucc. under Various Abiotic Stresses

NAC transcription factor is one of the largest plant gene families, participating in the regulation of plant biological and abiotic stresses. In this study, 182 NAC proteins (HhNACs) were identified based on genomic datasets of Hibiscus hamabo Sieb. et Zucc (H. hamabo). These proteins were divided into 19 subfamilies based on their phylogenetic relationship, motif pattern, and gene structure analysis. Expression analysis with RNA-seq revealed that most HhNACs were expressed in response to drought and salt stress. Research of quantitative real-time PCR analysis of nine selected HhNACs supported the transcriptome data’s dependability and suggested that HhNAC54 was significantly upregulated under multiple abiotic stresses. Overexpression of HhNAC54 in Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) significantly increased its tolerance to salt. This study provides a basis for a comprehensive analysis of NAC transcription factor and insight into the abiotic stress response mechanism in H. hamabo.
Complexity, Design and Culture: convergence for digital experiences

The design of digital experiences, systems and sociotechnical solutions in the contemporary society is characterized by increasing complexity. More and more variables are present and unpredictable effects are observed. The complexity of systems calls for awareness and complex problem-solving ability. In this survey, design in general, and design of the user experience in particular, is placed in the scope of complexity. Moreover, the design reasoning and methods are sensitive to culturally determined factors and cognitive styles. This survey converges complexity and complex problem solving, design of the user experience and cultural variations, reviewing bodies of work to suggest and map interdependencies that will shape future challenges in systems design.
Prevalence of intimate partner violence among Saudi Arabian international students and their spouses

ABSTRACT This study investigated the experience of IPV amongst married Saudi Arabian international students and their partners in Australia. The research explored the prevalence of IPV, the types of IPV, and gender differences in IPV experienced. A sample of 508 adult Saudi Arabian university students report of their own IPV experiences. The findings suggested gender differences in the context of IPV. The study can inform culturally appropriate interventions to support victims and increase perpetrator accountability.
Inequities in maternal stressful life events between Indigenous and non-Indigenous women – evidence from a prospective cohort study in New Zealand

ABSTRACT Experiences of major, stressful life events (SLE) prior to and during pregnancy, and in early childhood, are associated with a range of adverse outcomes that disproportionately impact Indigenous women and their families. However, little is known about Indigenous women's experiences of SLE . The aim of this study was to investigate: (1) inequities in the prevalence and patterning of SLE between Indigenous and non-Indigenous mothers over time, and; (2) associations between maternal SLE and ethnicity, age, socioeconomic deprivation and time. Data were from the Moe Kura prospective cohort study of 418 Indigenous Māori and 768 non-Māori women in New Zealand. Questionnaires were completed at 35–37 weeks gestation, 12-weeks postpartum, and when their child was 3–4 years of age. The prevalence of five SLE domains was estimated by ethnicity. Generalised linear mixed effects models examined associations between SLE domains and ethnicity, age, socioeconomic deprivation, and time. The prevalence of SLE was greater for Māori than non-Māori at each time point. The probability of reporting SLE increased as neighbourhood deprivation worsened. The probability of reporting SLE reduced with older age, although changes in the estimates were greater for non-Māori than Māori women. Findings show that Indigenous women experience persistent and significant inequities in SLE. Younger maternal age and greater socioeconomic deprivation explain some but not all of the inequities observed. Policies and interventions to address how colonialism and racism structure experiences of SLE for Indigenous women, including via socioeconomic deprivation, are required.