Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning Framework for Hybrid Analog-Digital Signal Processing in mmWave Massive-MIMO Systems

Hybrid analog-digital signal processing (HSP) is an enabling technology to harvest the potential of millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive-MIMO communications. In this paper, we present a general deep learning (DL) framework for efficient design and implementation of HSP-based massive-MIMO systems. Exploiting the fact that any complex matrix can be written as a scaled sum of two matrices with unit-modulus entries, a novel analog deep neural network (ADNN) structure is first developed which can be implemented with common radio frequency (RF) components. This structure is then embedded into an extended hybrid analog-digital deep neural network (HDNN) architecture which facilitates the implementation of mmWave massive-MIMO systems while improving their performance. In particular, the proposed HDNN architecture enables HSP-based massive-MIMO transceivers to approximate any desired transmitter and receiver mapping with arbitrary precision. To demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed DL framework, we present a new HDNN-based beamformer design that can achieve the same performance as fully-digital beamforming, with reduced number of RF chains. Finally, simulation results are presented confirming the superiority of the proposed HDNN design over existing hybrid beamforming schemes.
Electromagnetic and gravitational radiation in all dimensions: A classical field theory treatment

How long does a light bulb shine in odd dimensional flat spacetimes, according to a distant observer? This question is non-trivial because electromagnetic and gravitational waves, despite being comprised of massless particles, can develop tails: they travel inside the light cone. To this end, I attempt to close a gap in the literature by first deriving, strictly within classical field theory, the real-time electromagnetic dipole and gravitational quadrupole energy and angular momentum radiation formulas in all relevant dimensions. The even dimensional case, where massless signals travel strictly on the null cone, depends on the time derivatives of the dipoles and quadrupoles solely at retarded time; whereas the odd dimensional ones involve an integral over their retarded histories. Despite the propagation of light inside the null cone, however, I argue that a monochromatic light bulb of some intrinsic duration in odd dimensions remains approximately the same apparent duration to a distant detector, though the tail effect does produce a phase shift and adds to the signal several transitory non-oscillatory inverse square roots in time.
Blast from the past: constraints from the CHARM experiment on Heavy Neutral Leptons with tau mixing

We re-analyze the results of the searches for Heavy Neutral Leptons (HNLs) by the CHARM ex-periment. We study HNL decay channel N → e + e − ν/µ + µ − ν and show that, in addition to the constraints on the HNL’s mixings with ν e or ν µ , the same data also implies limits on the HNLs that mix only with ν τ and have masses in the range 290 MeV < m N (cid:46) 1 . 6 GeV - the region in the parameter space that was considered in the literature as a target for HNLs searches
Synthesizing Computable Functions from Rational Specifications over Infinite Words

The synthesis problem asks to automatically generate, if it exists, an algorithm from a specification of correct input-output pairs. In this paper, we consider the synthesis of computable functions of infinite words, for a classical Turing computability notion over infinite inputs. We consider specifications which are rational relations of infinite words, i.e., specifications defined by non-deterministic parity transducers. We prove that the synthesis problem of computable functions from rational specifications is undecidable. We provide an incomplete but sound reduction to some parity game, such that if Eve wins the game, then the rational specification is realizable by a computable function. We prove that this function is even computable by a deterministic two-way transducer. We provide a sufficient condition under which the latter game reduction is complete. This entails the decidability of the synthesis problem of computable functions, which we proved to be ExpTime-complete, for a large subclass of rational specifications, namely deterministic rational specifications. This subclass contains the class of automatic relations over infinite words, a yardstick in reactive synthesis.
Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia: An Equation with Many Unknowns

The article deals with the use of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia: effectiveness, problems and prospects. Androgenetic Alopecia (AGA) is one of the most common types of non-scarring hair loss. Baldness affects the psycho-emotional state of a person, which significantly reduces the quality of life. An opinion deviating from generally accepted standards exists that with a normal level of androgens in the blood, AGA in men is a normal biological phenomenon, and not a disease. Regardless of how their condition is classified, people with AGA perceive it as a deviation from the norm, unacceptable from a psychosocial point of view, and turn to a doctor for treatment.
Multiobjective Evolutionary Multitasking With Two-Stage Adaptive Knowledge Transfer Based on Population Distribution

Multitasking optimization can achieve better performance than traditional single-tasking optimization by leveraging knowledge transfer between tasks. However, the current multitasking optimization algorithms suffer from some deficiencies. Particularly, on high similar problems, the existing algorithms might fail to take full advantage of knowledge transfer to accelerate the convergence of the search, or easily get trapped in the local optima. Whereas, on low similar problems, they tend to suffer from negative transfer, resulting in performance degradation. To solve these issues, this article proposes an evolutionary multitasking optimization algorithm for multiobjective/many-objective optimization with two-stage adaptive knowledge transfer based on population distribution. The resultant algorithm named EMT-PD can improve the convergence performance of the target optimization tasks based on the knowledge extracted from the probability model that reflects the search trend of the whole population. At the first stage of knowledge transfer, an adaptive weight is used to adjust the search step size of each individual, which can reduce the impact of negative transfer. At the second stage of knowledge transfer, the search range of each individual is further adjusted dynamically, which can improve the population diversity and be beneficial for jumping out of the local optima. Experimental results on multitasking multiobjective optimization test suites show that EMT-PD is superior to other state-of-the-art evolutionary multitasking/single-tasking algorithms. To further investigate the effectiveness of EMT-PD on many-objective optimization problems, a multitasking many-objective optimization test suite is also designed in this article. The experimental results on the new test suite also demonstrate the competitiveness of EMT-PD.
Collateral Shortages, Asset Price and Investment Volatility with Heterogeneous Beliefs

The recent economic crisis highlights the role of nancial markets in allowing economic agents, including prominent banks, to speculate on the future returns of di¤erent nancial assets, such as mortgage-backed securities. This paper introduces a dynamic general equilibrium model with aggregate shocks, potentially incomplete markets and heterogeneous agents to investigate this role of nancial markets. In addition to their risk aversion and endowments, agents di¤er in their beliefs about the future aggregate states of the economy. The di¤erence in beliefs induces them to take large bets under frictionless complete nancial markets, which enable agents to leverage their future wealth. Consequently, as hypothesized by Friedman (1953), under complete markets, agents with incorrect beliefs will eventually be driven out of the markets. In this case, they also have no inuence on asset prices and real investment in the long run. In contrast, I show that under incomplete markets generated by collateral constraints, agents with heterogeneous (potentially incorrect) beliefs survive in the long run and their speculative activities drive up asset price volatility and real investment volatility permanently. I also show that collateral constraints are always binding even if the supply of collateralizable assets endogenously responds to their price. I use this framework to study the e¤ects of di¤erent types of regulations and the distribution of endowments on leverage, asset price volatility and investment. Lastly, the analytical tools developed in this framework enable me to prove the existence of the "generalized" recursive equilibrium in Krusell and Smith (1998) with a nite number of agents. 1 Introduction The events leading to the nancial crisis 2007-2008 have highlighted the importance of belief heterogeneity and how nancial markets also create opportunities for agents with di¤erent I am grateful to Daron Acemoglu and Ivan Werning for their in nite support and guidance during my time at MIT. I wish to thank Guido Lorenzoni and Robert Townsend for their advice since the beginning of this project, thank George-Marios Angeletos, Ricardo Caballero, Dave Donaldson, and MIT Macro seminar, Macro Lunch, Theory Lunch, International Breakfast, Cowles Foundation Conference, SED meeting in Montreal, SITE participants for helpful comments and discussions. yEmail: dc448@georgetown.edu
Abrus precatorius Leaf Extract Reverses Alloxan/Nicotinamide-Induced Diabetes Mellitus in Rats through Hormonal (Insulin, GLP-1, and Glucagon) and Enzymatic (α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase) Modulation

Background Abrus precatorius is used in folk medicine across Afro-Asian regions of the world. Earlier, glucose lowering and pancreato-protective effects of Abrus precatorius leaf extract (APLE) was confirmed experimentally in STZ/nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats; however, the underlying mechanism of antidiabetic effect and pancreato-protection remained unknown. Objective This study elucidated antidiabetic mechanisms and pancreato-protective effects of APLE in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods APLE was prepared by ethanol/Soxhlet extraction method. Total phenols and flavonoids were quantified calorimetrically after initial phytochemical screening. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was established in adult Sprague-Dawley rats (weighing 120–180 g) of both sexes by daily sequential injection of nicotinamide (48 mg/kg; ip) and Alloxan (120 mg/kg; ip) over a period of 7 days. Except control rats which had fasting blood glucose (FBG) of 4.60 mmol/L, rats having stable FBG (16–21 mmol/L) 7 days post-nicotinamide/Alloxan injection were considered diabetic and were randomly reassigned to one of the following groups (model, APLE (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, respectively; po) and metformin (300 mg/kg; po)) and treated daily for 18 days. Bodyweight and FBG were measured every 72 hours for 18 days. On day 18, rats were sacrificed under deep anesthesia; organs (kidney, liver, pancreas, and spleen) were isolated and weighed. Blood was collected for estimation of serum insulin, glucagon, and GLP-1 using a rat-specific ELISA kit. The pancreas was processed, sectioned, and H&E-stained for histological examination. Effect of APLE on enzymatic activity of alpha (α)-amylase and α-glucosidase was assessed. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties of APLE were assessed using standard methods. Results APLE dose-dependently decreased the initial FBG by 68.67%, 31.07%, and 4.39% compared to model (4.34%) and metformin (43.63%). APLE (100 mg/kg) treatment restored weight loss relative to model. APLE increased serum insulin and GLP-1 but decreased serum glucagon relative to model. APLE increased both the number and median crosssectional area (×106μm2) of pancreatic islets compared to that of model. APLE produced concentration-dependent inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase relative to acarbose. APLE concentration dependently scavenged DPPH and nitric oxide (NO) radicals and demonstrated increased ferric reducing antioxidant capacity (FRAC) relative to standards. Conclusion Antidiabetic effect of APLE is mediated through modulation of insulin and GLP-1 inversely with glucagon, noncompetitive inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, free radical scavenging, and recovery of damaged/necro-apoptosized pancreatic β-cells.
Polyphenols Could Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Modulating the Expression of miRNAs in the Host Cells

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are single-stranded RNA viruses which following virus attachment and entry into the host cell, particularly type 2 pneumocytes but also endothelial cells, release RNA into cytosol where it serves as a matrix for the host translation machinery to produce viral proteins. The viral RNA in cytoplasm can interact with host cell microRNAs which can degrade viral RNA and/or prevent viral replication. As such host cellular miRNAs represent key cellular mediators of antiviral defense. Polyphenols, plant food bioactives, exert antiviral properties, which is partially due to their capacity to modulate the expression of miRNAs. The objective of this work was to assess if polyphenols can play a role in prevention of SARS-CoV-2 associated complications by modulating the expression of host miRNAs. To test this hypothesis, we performed literature search to identify miRNAs that could bind SARS-CoV-2 RNA as well as miRNAs which expression can be modulated by polyphenols in lung, type 2 pneumocytes or endothelial cells. We identified over 600 miRNAs that have capacity to bind viral RNA and 125 miRNAs which expression can be modulated by polyphenols in the cells of interest. We identified that there are 17 miRNAs with both the capacity to bind viral RNA and which expression can be modulated by polyphenols. Some of these miRNAs have been identified as having antiviral properties or can target genes involved in regulation of processes of viral replication, apoptosis or viral infection. Taken together this analysis suggests that polyphenols could modulate expression of miRNAs in alveolar and endothelial cells and exert antiviral capacity.
Improvement of Regular Exercise on Diabetes Condition of Type II Diabetes Mellitus Elderly Patients

To investigate the effects of 12-week old aerobics and brisk walking exercise on type II diabetes in elderly patients with illness condition, at the same time, after intervention 12 months later, the subsequent movement of patients in the intervention group were followed up, in order to provide a simple and effective, scientific and reasonable exercise prescription for elderly patients. Subjects were selected according to the standard, the sex ratio of 1:1 from 28 over the age of 60 elderly patients with type II diabetes (male and female 14 each), and divided them into intervention group and control group, the control group lived a normal life (without regularity, fitness behavior during the experimental period), the intervention group did aerobics plus walking exercise intervention, two groups of patients were assessed indexes of diabetes before and after the intervention. After 12- week exercise intervention, blood glucose and cholesterol of intervention group decreased significantly, the illness condition of them had improved effectively, while the control group had no obvious change before and after the experiment, after intervention 12 months later, over 85% elderly patients of the intervention group had been in good behavior habits of fitness. Aerobics and walking exercise can improve the illness condition of elderly patients with type II diabetes to a certain extent, think that the old aerobics and rope skipping is a kind of effective and simple fitness behavior, should be targeted according to the condition of patients and health promotion.
Effect of Acupressure on Pre-Exam Anxiety in Nursing Students.

Background Academic stress and anxiety are experienced by students as a consequence of examinations. Objective The purpose of this study was to explore whether or not auricular acupressure therapy can reduce exam anxiety, state anxiety and trait anxiety in nursing students. Methods/Design A single blinded randomized control trial was designed. Setting The study was conducted at one univeristy in Daegu City, South Korea. Participants A total of Fifty-eight sophomore nursing students were initially recruited for the study and were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group (n = 29 each). In the experimental group, 2 participants dropped out and 1 dropped out in the control group before completing the study, resulting in a final count of n = 27 for the experimental group and n = 28 for the control group. Intervention Participants in the experimental group received auricular acupressure at the Shen Men point and endocrine point bilaterally, and participants in the control group received the intervention at a sham point bilaterally. Primary Outcome Measures Test anxiety levels were rated with the Korean version of the Revised Test anxiety Scale and state-trait anxiety levels were determined with the Korean version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y before the intervention and immediately after the examination. Data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS WIN 25.0 software program. Results After controlling for baseline outcome values, auricular acupressure therapy was effective in decreasing the test anxiety level; however, no differences were found in state anxiety or trait anxiety. Conclusion Auricular acupressure therapy is effective in reducing test anxiety in students prior to taking an examination.
Elucidation of myricetin biosynthesis in Morella rubra of the Myricaceae.

Flavonols are health-promoting bioactive compounds important for plant defence and human nutrition. Quercetin (Q) and kaempferol (K) biosynthesis have been studied extensively while little is known about myricetin (M) biosynthesis. The roles of flavonol synthases (FLSs) and flavonoid 3'5'-hydroxylase (F3'5'H) in M biosynthesis in Morella rubra, a member of the Myricaceae rich in M-based flavonols, were investigated. The level of MrFLS transcripts alone did not correlate well with the accumulation of M-based flavonols. However, combined transcript data for MrFLS1 and MrF3'5'H showed a good correlation with the accumulation of M-based flavonols in different tissues of M. rubra. Recombinant MrFLS1 and MrFLS2 proteins showed strong activity with dihydroquercetin (DHQ), dihydrokaempferol (DHK) and dihydromyricetin (DHM) as substrates, while recombinant MrF3'5'H protein preferred converting K to M, amongst a range of substrates. Tobacco overexpressing 35S::MrFLSs produced elevated levels of K-based and Q-based flavonols without affecting M-based flavonols, while tobacco overexpressing 35S::MrF3'5'H accumulated significantly higher levels of M-based flavonols. We conclude that M accumulation in M. rubra is affected by gene expression and enzyme specificity of FLS and F3'5'H as well as substrate availability. In the metabolic grid of flavonol biosynthesis, the strong activity of MrF3'5'H with K as substrate additionally promotes pathway flux towards M in M. rubra.
Cuvette‐Based Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Detection System for the Assessment of Polymerizable Ruthenium Luminophores

Herein, we validate a novel cuvette-based approach to measuring electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) employing the hyphenation of a commercial spectrometer and potentiostat. The new experimental design provides simultaneous acquisition of electrochemical and ECL data allowing complementary analysis by both techniques. Preliminary analysis of an organometallic ECL standard, tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)32+), and tripropylamine (TPA), showed excellent reproducibility both in terms of the electrochemistry and the ECL signal. Equally as important, the acquired electrochemistry and ECL from the Ru(bpy)32+ / TPA system served as a baseline for evaluating the ECL response of polymerizable ruthenium luminophores.
Simulaciones computacionales para estudiar el nanomundo

Computational simulations are a very important tool for studying the nanoworld. In this article we review some research lines that we have developed using computational simulations based on the density functional theory (DFT), and we also present some recent results. In particular, we show how we can use the DFT to study chemical reactions in two-dimensional systems with possible applications in the new developing field of molecular electronics or moletronics, and the formation of manganese nitride nanostructures with magnetic properties that can make them useful in spintronics. © 2017. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.
Advances in polymer precursors and bio‐based polymers synthesized from 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural

In recent years, considerable efforts have been made regarding the synthesis of renewable chemicals from natural resources. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is an interesting platform chemical which has been widely exploited due to its rich chemistry and potential availability. The versatility of HMF has been demonstrated in several areas such as fine chemicals, biofuel precursors, and polymers. In particular, the potential to replace petroleum-based analogues in the preparation of polymers associated with high performance has been observed owing to the structural rigidity of furan rings. This review aims at critically discuss the current research studies related to the derivatives of HMF, alongside with the synthesis and characterization of (co-) polymers derived from HMF and its derivatives. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 1478–1492
Supplementary Material for “On Estimation in Latent Variable Models”

Summary In this supplementary ﬁle, we collect the technical proofs for results stated in the main paper. Throughout the sequel, we will adopt the following notations. We let θ denote the generic model parameter. We also let Y be a random variable representing the observed data and Z be a random variable representing the latent unobserved variable. We use y and z to denote their realizations, respectively. Subscript i is used to indicate the i -th individual. We use (cid:107) x (cid:107) and (cid:107) x (cid:107) 1 to represent (cid:96) 2 - and (cid:96) 1 -norm of vector x . For random sequences a n and b n , a n = O p ( b n ) represents that a n is stochastically bounded by Kb n for a sufﬁciently large constant K ; a n = o p ( b n ) represents a n /b n converges to 0 with probability tending to 1. Moreover, a = O ( b ) means there exists a constant K such that a ≤ Kb ; a = Ω( b ) means there exists a sufﬁciently large constant K such that a ≥ Kb ; a (cid:29) b means that there exists a sufﬁciently K such that a ≥ Kb . We use ∇ f ( ∇ 2 f, ∇ 3 f ) to represent the ﬁrst (second, third) derivative of function f with respect to θ . Lastly, constants c, C may be different from the place to place.
Gold nanoparticles supported on ionic liquid‐modified cellulose as an efficient and recyclable catalyst for the oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes/ketones and reduction of nitroarenes

A novel catalyst of gold nanoparticles supported on cellulose fibres with the ionic liquid framework (Au NPs@CL-IL) has been shown to be a highly active and recyclable catalyst for the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols and reduction of nitroarenes in aqueous media. The reusability of this catalyst is high, and it can be reused ten times without a significant decrease in its catalytic activity. Furthermore, transmission electron micrographs of the recovered catalyst show the presence of well-distributed Au NPs on the CL-IL fibres without any aggregation.