Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wi-Fi-Based Indoor Localization and Navigation: A Robot-Aided Hybrid Deep Learning Approach

Indoor localization and navigation have become an increasingly important problem in both industry and academia with the widespread use of mobile smart devices and the development of network techniques. The Wi-Fi-based technology shows great potential for applications due to the ubiquitous Wi-Fi infrastructure in public indoor environments. Most existing approaches use trilateration or machine learning methods to predict locations from a set of annotated Wi-Fi observations. However, annotated data are not always readily available. In this paper, we propose a robot-aided data collection strategy to obtain the limited but high-quality labeled data and a large amount of unlabeled data. Furthermore, we design two deep learning models based on a variational autoencoder for the localization and navigation tasks, respectively. To make full use of the collected data, a hybrid learning approach is developed to train the models by combining supervised, unsupervised and semi-supervised learning strategies. Extensive experiments suggest that our approach enables the models to learn effective knowledge from unlabeled data with incremental improvements, and it can achieve promising localization and navigation performance in a complex indoor environment with obstacles.
Asynapsis and meiotic restitution in tomato male meiosis induced by heat stress

Susceptibility of the reproductive system to temperature fluctuations is a recurrent problem for crop production under a changing climate. The damage is complex as multiple processes in male and female gamete formation are affected, but in general, particularly pollen production is impaired. Here, the impact of short periods of elevated temperature on male meiosis of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon L.) is reported. Meiocytes in early stage flower buds exposed to heat stress (>35°C) exhibit impaired homolog synapsis resulting in partial to complete omission of chiasmata formation. In the absence of chiasmata, univalents segregate randomly developing unbalanced tetrads and polyads resulting in aneuploid spores. However, most heat-stressed meiotic buds primarily contain balanced dyads, indicating a propensity to execute meiotic restitution. With most meiocytes exhibiting a complete loss of chiasma formation and concomitantly showing a mitotic-like division, heat stress triggers first division restitution resulting in clonal spores. These findings corroborate with the plasticity of male meiosis under heat and establish a natural route for the induction of sexual polyploidization in plants and the engineering of clonal seed.
Color filter arrays based on dielectric metasurface elements

Digital imaging has been steadily improving over the past decades and we are moving towards a wide use of multi- and hyperspectral cameras. A key component of such imaging systems are color filter arrays, which define the spectrum of light detected by each camera pixel. Hence, it is essential to develop a variable, robust and scalable way for controlling the transmission of light. Nanostructured surfaces, also known as metasurfaces, offer a promising solution as their transmission spectra can be controlled by shaping the wavelength-dependent scattering properties of their constituting elements. Here we present, metasurfaces based on silicon nanodisks, which provide filter functions with amplitudes reaching 70-90% of transmission, and well suitable for RGB and CMY color filter arrays, the initial stage towards the further development of hyperspectral filters. We suggest and discuss possible ways to expand the color gamut and improve the color values of such optical filters.
Curvature scale space in shape similarity retrieval.

This thesis is concerned with the problem of shape similarity retrieval in image databases. Curvature Scale Space (CSS) image representation is examined for this purpose. It consists of several arch shape contours representing the inflection points of the shape as it is smoothed. The maxima of these contours are used to represent a shape. In order to make the representation more reliable and also reflection invariant, the conventional matching algorithm is modified. The method is then tested on a database of 1100 images of marine creatures, where the advantages and shortcomings of the method are discovered. One of the main advantages of the method is the existence of local support. This enables us to deal with the main shortcoming of the method which appears in case of shapes with shallow concavities. Several approaches are suggested and implemented to overcome the problem of shallow concavities. The shape is segmented using its CSS image, and more information is extracted from the segmented shape which is then used to enrich the representation. The matching algorithm is also modified to accommodate the new information. Each segment of the shape corresponds to a contour and consequently a maximum of the CSS image. In one approach the normalised average curvature on each segment is used together with the maxima of the CSS image to represent the shape. In another approach the segments are examined at different levels of scale and for each segment, the level of scale where it is converted to a straight line is determined. Using this information along with the maxima of the CSS image yields to the best results. Both inflection points and corners are considered as end-points in different approaches. There is less information about the global appearance of a shape in its CSS image. A small number of global parameters are included and used for indexing to obtain even better results. The problem of evaluation of similarity retrieval methods is addressed. In order to evaluate different approaches, a set of classified shapes are introduced and the performance measure of each method is calculated using this database. In another approach, a subjective evaluation of the method is presented based on the judgements made by human subjects. The method is also tested on a real-world application where the task is to help the users find out whether an unknown leaf belongs to one of the existing varieties or whether it represents a new variety. A web-demo of the work is also prepared and is available in the below mentioned address. The boundary contours of the marine animals images can be obtained from this page.
Online Parcel Management System (PMS) for Small and Medium Company

The rising trend of e-commerce has caused the traditional shopping slowly being replaced by online shopping. Nowadays, online shopping has been very popular and slowly being accepted by. Due to the demand of the people in the field of online shopping increasing, which lead to the growing of the number of parcel day by day. The proposed system is to solve all the limitation of the current parcel management system and to improve the performance of the current system which will reduce the workload of the staff and to let the recipient of the parcel using the lesser time to collect their parcels. This research is going to gather more information of the recipient viewpoint on how Parcel Management System can help current system to reduce the workload and manpower to handle all these parcels, increase efficiency and save time and effort which make the staff of the reception counter easier to work and no need to use back the old method to record the details of the parcel.
REVIEW OF PROPHETIC FOOD: THE VITIS SPECIES

Vitis species or the grapes, possess various natural constituents that can be found in their seeds, leaves and skin extracts. The active chemicals consist of polyphenols, flavonoids, stilbenes, alkaloids and volatile oils. Each of them contributes to pharmacological effects. This study is to highlight the Vitis species that are widely known for their health benefits. The historical uses of this plant include treating stomach pain, injury, and abdominal complaints. In addition, this herb was used as an ointment in treating eye and skin diseases. The medicinal properties of the grapes were reported as anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective and neuroprotective. The objectives of this study are to perform a literature search (from 2000 - 2020) and review the shortlisted publications on the Vitis species. From the online articles, the phytochemistry and pharmacological activity of the grapes were mentioned. The review included the traditional uses of the grapes. It is expected that the understanding of the chemical and biological activity of Vitis species may contribute to the development of new drugs. Keywords: grape; medicine; prophetic; review; Vitis
Authentication of a survival nomogram for non-invasive micropapillary breast cancer

Purpose We aimed at establishing a nomogram to accurately predict the overall survival (OS) of non-metastatic invasive micropapillary breast carcinoma (IMPC). Methods In the training cohort, data from 429 patients with non-metastatic IMPC were obtained through the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Other 102 patients were enrolled at the Xijing Hospital as validation cohort. Independent risk factors affecting OS were ascertained using univariate and multivariate Cox regression. A nomogram was established to predict OS at 3, 5 and 8 years. The concordance index (C-index), the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curves were utilized to assess calibration, discrimination and predictive accuracy. Finally, the nomogram was utilized to stratify the risk. The OS between groups was compared through Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Results The multivariate analyses revealed that race (p = 0.047), surgery (p = 0.003), positive lymph nodes (p = 0.027), T stage (p = 0.045) and estrogen receptors (p = 0.019) were independent prognostic risk factors. The C-index was 0.766 (95% CI, 0.682-0.850) in the training cohort and 0.694 (95% CI, 0.527-0.861) in the validation cohort. Furthermore, the predicted OS was consistent with actual observation. The AUCs for OS at 3, 5 and 8 years were 0.786 (95% CI: 0.656-0.916), 0.791 (95% CI: 0.669-0.912), and 0.774 (95% CI: 0.688-0.860) in the training cohort, respectively. The area under the curves (AUCs) for OS at 3, 5 and 8 years were 0.653 (95% CI: 0.498-0.808), 0.683 (95% CI: 0.546-0.820), and 0.716 (95% CI: 0.595-0.836) in the validation cohort, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed a significant different OS between groups in both cohorts (p<0.001). Conclusion Our novel prognostic nomogram for non-metastatic IMPC patients achieved a good level of accuracy in both cohorts and could be used to optimize the treatment based on the individual risk factors.
On Establishing Buckling Knockdowns for Imperfection-Sensitive Shell Structures

This paper investigates issues that have arisen in recent efforts to revise long-standing knockdown factors for elastic shell buckling, which are widely regarded as being overly conservative for well-constructed shells. In particular, this paper focuses on cylindrical shells under axial compression with emphasis on the role of local geometric dimple imperfections and the use of lateral force probes as surrogate imperfections. Local and global buckling loads are identified and related for the two kinds of imperfections. Buckling loads are computed for four sets of relevant boundary conditions revealing a strong dependence of the global buckling load on overall end-rotation constraint when local buckling precedes global buckling. A reasonably complete picture emerges, which should be useful for informing decisions on establishing knockdown factors. Experiments are performed using a lateral probe to study the stability landscape for a cylindrical shell with overall end rotation constrained in the first set of tests and then unconstrained in the second set of tests. The nonlinear buckling behavior of spherical shells under external pressure is also examined for both types of imperfections. The buckling behavior of spherical shells is different in a number of important respects from that of the cylindrical shells, particularly regarding the interplay between local and global buckling and the post-buckling load-carrying capacity. These behavioral differences have bearing on efforts to revise buckling design rules. The present study raises questions about the perspicacity of using probe force imperfections as surrogates for geometric dimple imperfections.
Skillful Radar-Based Heavy Rainfall Nowcasting Using Task-Segmented Generative Adversarial Network

Accurate and timely rainfall nowcasting is important for protecting the public from heavy rainfall-induced disasters. In recent years, deep-learning models have been demonstrated to significantly outperform traditional methods in heavy rainfall nowcasting. However, the performance of existing deep-learning-based nowcasting models is still restricted by limited forecast skills and the rapid growth of blurriness increases in forecast time. In this work, we propose a novel heavy rainfall nowcasting model based on an innovative task-segmented architecture, namely, the TS-RainGAN, consisting of two modules: the mask prediction network (MaskPredNet) predicts the spatial coverage of different rainfall categories to provide bounding for rainfall with various intensities and the mask-to-intensity translation generative adversarial network (IntensityGAN) predicts the intensity of rainfall based on the rainfall coverage produced by the MaskPredNet. The TS-RainGAN can accurately capture the spatiotemporal features and evolutions of rainfall systems and provide skillful precipitation prediction with high skill scores up to 2 h compared with the results of the widely used baseline models. Meanwhile, the blurriness of the predicted images is significantly reduced. This enables district-level heavy rainfall nowcasting with competitive forecast skills.
IMPACTS OF INTEGRATING SOLAR AND WIND PLANTS INTO THE POWER NETWORK OF BHUTAN

Hydropower has been the primary source of electricity in Bhutan, and to achieve power security and sustainability, alternative renewable energy sources (RES) such as solar and wind are being explored. However, the literature reviews present that bus voltage is the most affected parameter during integration. Therefore, this paper presents the impact on the bus voltage due integration of RES into the power network of Bhutan. The measured weather and power grid parameters were used as inputs to the solar and wind farm models developed in MATLAB/Simulink. The output from Simulink was then used as input to the solar and wind model in DIgSILENT Power Factory. The existing Bhutan power grid from 33kV and above has been developed in DIgSILENT to study power flow and results were validated against relevant standards. The voltage profile at the individual bus was maintained at 0.95 to 1.05 p.u. The varying hourly load for 24 hours at the different substations was considered. A quasi-dynamic simulation was performed to study the impact on voltage stability of buses at different penetration levels with every 5% increment. It was observed that at a 25% penetration level, the voltage falls below the accepted limit of 0.95 p.u. The Levelised Cost of Energy for the wind was calculated to be Nu. 13.37/ kWh and Nu. 6.02/ kWh and Nu. 6.51/ kWh from Shingkhar and Yongtru solar, respectively.
Salivary Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Capacity in Smokeless Tobacco (Naswar) Users

Background Naswar, a smokeless tobacco product, commonly consumed in Pakistan, is associated with a 10-fold increase in the risk of oral cancer. However, little is known about Naswar’s underlying toxicity mechanisms. Objective The current study aimed to investigate the effects of Naswar use on oral health and salivary parameters. Methods A case-control study was conducted among Naswar users (n=42) and age-matched healthy controls (n=42) in Pakistan in 2019. Participant data were collected using questionnaires. Decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) scores were computed during clinical examinations. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected to assess salivary flow rate, pH, and salivary total oxidative stress (TOS)/total antioxidant capacity (TAC) using commercially available kits. Participants' oral health parameters were compared between cases and controls using ANOVA. Results No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of age, oral health, and hygiene practices and mean DMFT score. Mean salivary pH and the salivary flow rate was significantly (p<0.001) higher in Naswar users (7.7 and 0.71 mL/minute, respectively) than in non-users (6.95 and 0.52 mL/minute, respectively). Although TOS and TAC were not significantly different between the groups, Naswar users generally had a higher TOS (51.6±42 µmol/L) and lower TAC (0.55±0.18 mmol/L) than non-users (TOS 45.5±38.2 µmol/L and TAC 0.57±0.17 mmol/L). Correlational analysis also revealed a significant positive correlation between DMFT score and Naswar use duration (r=0.796, p<0.001) and the number of dips/units consumed each day (r=0.515; p<0.001). Conclusion Habitual Naswar use is associated with increased salivary flow rate, pH, and TOS, and reduced TAC levels in Pakistani adults compared to non-users. The pro-oxidant changes may contribute toward deleterious effects of Naswar use including oral cancer.
Brief communication: Is vertical shear in an ice shelf (still) negligible?

Abstract. Vertical shear is recognized today as a key component of the stress balance of ice shelves. However, the first ice shelf models were built on the neglect of vertical shear. Partly due to its historical treatment, it remains common to discuss vertical shear as though it were still considered negligible in ice shelf models. Here, we offer a historical perspective on the changing treatment of vertical shear over time, and we emphasize the term's non-negligibility in current ice shelf modeling. We illustrate our discussion in the simplest context of an analytic, isothermal, shallow-ice-shelf model.
Primer consenso centroamericano y del Caribe del síndrome de intestino irritable

El síndrome de intestino irritable sigue siendo uno de los trastornos gastrointestinales más comunes observados por los médicos, tanto en la atención primaria como en la secundaria. Se han logrado avances significativos en la comprensión de su compleja fisiopatología, lo que resulta en su reclasificación como un trastorno de la interacción intestino-cerebro, en lugar de un trastorno gastrointestinal funcional. La condición afecta a entre el 5% y el 10% de la población y, en la mayoría de los casos, se caracteriza por tener una evolución con recaídas y remisiones. El diagnóstico se puede hacer sobre la base de la historia clínica con un uso limitado y juicioso de las investigaciones, a menos que se presenten síntomas de alarma, como pérdida de peso o sangrado rectal, o que haya antecedentes familiares de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal o enfermedad celíaca. Los pilares del tratamiento incluyen la educación del paciente sobre la afección, los cambios en la dieta, la fibra soluble y los medicamentos antiespasmódicos. Otros tratamientos tienden a estar reservados para personas con síntomas refractarios e incluyen neuromoduladores centrales, secretagogos intestinales, medicamentos que actúan sobre los receptores opioides o 5-hidroxitriptamina o serotonina (5-HT), o antibióticos mínimamente absorbidos (todos los cuales se seleccionan de acuerdo con el hábito intestinal predominante), así como terapias psicológicas. Este consenso es el resultado del trabajo en conjunto de representantes de la Asociación Centroamericana y del Caribe de Gastroenterología, desarrollado de forma virtual, con el objetivo de presentar una serie de recomendaciones adaptadas a la realidad de la región y que sirvan de referencia en la práctica clínica.
Barrier Lyapunov functions-based localized adaptive neural control for nonlinear systems with state and asymmetric control constraints

A barrier Lyapunov functions (BLFs)-based localized adaptive neural network (NN) control is proposed for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with state and asymmetric control constraints to track the reference trajectory. To handle system constraints, BLFs are used in the backstepping procedure, and the control input is considered as an extended state variable. This extends current research on BLFs-based control for systems with state and output constraints to systems with state and asymmetric control constraints. A locally weighted learning NN with projection modification is designed to estimate and compensate for the system uncertainty. The use of projection modification ensures the NN estimator is contained in a given bounded area and prevents the absolute value of NN output from being near to or larger than the bound of the tracking error. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control have been demonstrated by formal proof and simulation results.
PENGARUH KOMITE AUDIT DAN INTERNAL AUDIT TERHADAP KUALITAS TATA KELOLA PERUSAHAAN BUMN DI INDONESIA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh komite audit dan audit internal terhadap kualitas tata kelola pada BUMN di Indonesia dengan menggunakan dua pendekatan teori, yaitu teori keagenan (agency thoery) dan teori kepatuhan (compliance theory). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada komite audit dan audit internal yang bekerja pada BUMN di indonesia. Pemilihan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode purpossive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penyebaran kuesioner yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Analisis data dan uji hipotesis dilakukan dengan statistik deskriptif dan analisis jalur (path analysis). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa komite audit berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kualitas tata kelola pada BUMN di indonesia. Selain itu, audit internal berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kualitas tata Kelola pada BUMN di Indonesia. Serta, secara bersama-sama komite audit dan audit internal positif dan signifikan terhadap kualitas tata kelola pada BUMN di Indonesia.
Hip and Knee Replacements in Ghana: A 2-Year Prospective Assessment of Outcomes

Objective: Our objective was to assess the outcomes of hip and knee replacements among patients at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Ghana.Methodology: We recruited consenting patients who underwent a hip or knee replacement at the KATH over a 3-year period and followed up each study participant for 2 years. Prosthetic joint function was evaluated at 2 years following joint replacement. Complications of surgery were recorded for each patient during the follow-up period.Results: A total of 87 hip and knee replacements were performed in 78 patients over the 3-year period. Of the 78 patients enrolled in the study, 67.9% (53) were females and 32.1% (25) were males. Most, 47.2% (37), of the patients were aged between 61 and 80 years, with those less than 40 years constituting 7.7%. At 2 years follow-up, good to excellent outcome was reported in 95.5% THA, 91.2% hiphemiarthroplasty, and 90% TKA patients. The satisfaction rates were 95.5% THA, 97.0% hip hemiarthroplasty and 90% TKA participants.Conclusion: Women have a higher hip or knee replacement rate (67.9%) than men (32.1%) and the rate of hip or knee replacement increases with age for both men and women. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is the most common indication for total hip arthroplasty in patients younger than 60 years. The presence of diabetes mellitus and sickle cell disease predicts less favourable patient reported outcomes following a hip or knee replacement. Arthroplasty of the knee or hip provides pain relief and improvement in function with a low complication rate and high patient satisfaction rate.