Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Manipulating Stress Responses during Spaceflight Training with Virtual Stressors

Virtual reality (VR) provides the ability to simulate stressors to replicated real-world situations. It allows for the creation and validation of training, therapy, and stress countermeasures in a safe and controlled setting. However, there is still much unknown about the cognitive appraisal of stressors and underlying elements. More research is needed on the creation of stressors and to verify that stress levels can be effectively manipulated by the virtual environment. The objective of this study was to investigate and validate different VR stressor levels from existing emergency spaceflight procedures. Experts in spaceflight procedures and the human stress response helped design a VR spaceflight environment and emergency fire task procedure. A within-subject experiment evaluated three stressor levels. Forty healthy participants each completed three trials (low, medium, high stressor levels) in VR to locate and extinguish a fire on the International Space Station (VR-ISS). Since stress is a complex construct, physiological data (heart rate, heart rate variability, blood pressure, electrodermal activity) and self-assessment (workload, stress, anxiety) were collected for each stressor level. The results suggest that the environmental-based stressors can induce significantly different, distinguishable levels of stress in individuals.
Benefitting from Organization: How Committee Decisions can be Organized to Increase Profits

While the notion of competence development has featured prominently in the strategy literature, we have largely overlooked how the organization of competence in decision-making teams may influence profits. Fundamentally, we develop a kernel of design principles that show how collective decisions can be organized to increase profits. We address two gaps in the extant literature. The first is how collective decisions should be organized when agents have heterogeneous competences. Second, we show how competence should be upgraded in a decision-team where members have diverse ability to pass judgment. We develop a model and derive a number of testable propositions that summarize how team-structure, composition and decision environment interact to affect profitability.
Dehydration Status at Admission Predicts Recurrence in Patients with Traumatic Chronic Subdural Hematoma

Objective: There remains a significant risk of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) recurring after treatment. Patient-related predictors and surgical procedures have been investigated in many studies. In contrast, the literature remains scant on reports of the potential impact of dehydration on the admission of affected patients and on the CSDH recurrence rate. Methods: All consecutively admitted patients with CSDH and surgical treatment at the authors’ institution between 2015 and 2019 were retrospectively identified. Dehydration was assessed as a blood urea/creatinine (U/Cr) ratio > 80. The association between dehydration on admission and postoperative complication rates, in-hospital mortality, and recurrence of CSDH, with the need for additional surgical treatment, was further analyzed. Results: A total of 265 patients with CSDH requiring surgery were identified. In 32 patients (12%), further surgery was necessary due to the recurrence of CSDH. It was found that 9 of the 265 patients with CSDH (3%) suffered from dehydration at the time of admission. Multivariate analysis revealed diabetes mellitus (p = 0.02, OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.2–6.5), a preoperative midline shift > 5 mm (p = 0.003, OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.5–7.5) and dehydration on admission (p = 0.002, OR 10.3, 95% CI 2.4–44.1) as significant and independent predictors for the development of CSDH recurrence that requires surgery. Conclusion: the present findings indicate that dehydration on admission appears to be an independent predictor for CSDH recurrence that requires surgery.
Thermal and physical characterization of glass fiber phenolic for aircraft interiors

Nowadays, composite materials are used very frequently in the aerospace application due to their superior mechanical properties. Materials used in commercial aircrafts are subject to the stringent flammability regulations set by Federal Aviation Administration. In this context, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) is one of the most important criteria. In the present work, fire behavior of glass phenolic composite is assessed at micro (Thermo‐Gravimetric Analysis [TGA]) and small scale (ISO 5660 cone calorimeter). TGA tests are performed under air and inert atmospheres and cone calorimeter tests are performed at three different heat fluxes (25, 35, and 50 kW m−2) using two different kinds of sample holders: a normal (i.e. ISO‐5660 standard) sample holder and an insulated one. The results show that PHRR obtained in case of an insulated sample holder is higher than the study case with the normal sample holder. Another important result confirms that if the surface temperature reaches its threshold limit, the total mass lost percentage for glass fiber phenolic composite in the cone and TGA is similar. In addition to the cone study, permeability analysis is also performed on the same materials which are exposed to different heat fluxes. The results from permeability study confirm that the permeability of the material increases as they are subjected to the thermal attack.
Racers of the Deep: The Yankee Clippers and Bluenose Clippers on the Australian Run 1852-1869

Yankee clippers like the Lightning, run by Captain James Forbes and his bosun James Hodge, carried many thousands of new settlers to Australia over numerous voyages. With an artist's eye for detail and a natural writer's easy hand, Ralph Neale tells of perilous voyages, hardy characters and fine tall ships. Includes superb colour plates by Neale.
Sleep and Economic Status Are Linked to Daily Life Stress in African-Born Blacks Living in America

To identify determinants of daily life stress in Africans in America, 156 African-born Blacks (Age: 40 ± 10 years (mean ± SD), range 22–65 years) who came to the United States as adults (age ≥ 18 years) were asked about stress, sleep, behavior and socioeconomic status. Daily life stress and sleep quality were assessed with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. High-stress was defined by the threshold of the upper quartile of population distribution of PSS (≥16) and low-stress as PSS < 16. Poor sleep quality required PSQI > 5. Low income was defined as <40 k yearly. In the high and low-stress groups, PSS were: 21 ± 4 versus 9 ± 4, p < 0.001 and PSQI were: 6 ± 3 versus 4 ± 3, p < 0.001, respectively. PSS and PSQI were correlated (r = 0.38, p < 0.001). The odds of high-stress were higher among those with poor sleep quality (OR 5.11, 95% CI: 2.07, 12.62), low income (OR 5.03, 95% CI: 1.75, 14.47), and no health insurance (OR 3.01, 95% CI: 1.19, 8.56). Overall, in African-born Blacks living in America, daily life stress appears to be linked to poor quality sleep and exacerbated by low income and lack of health insurance.
Application of K-Means and Fuzzy K-Means to Rice Dataset in Sierra Leone

As k-means and fuzzy k-means are regarded as unsupervised dimensional reduction learning techniques, we present an application of this technique from the Agronomic data collected in 2015 to demonstrate the efficiency of fuzzy k means over k means of eight different types of rice varieties in Sierra Leone. Also, we identified different rice varieties as outliers from the silhouette clusters (segment).
Unified Modeling for Multiple-Energy Coupling Device of Industrial Integrated Energy System

Data-driven unified modeling for multiple energy-coupling device (MECD) with considering the changing of operation modes (OMs) triggered by seasonal variation or the alteration of production rhythm is a challenging task. To overcome this, in this article, an unified modeling framework by using four-order tensor-based generalized interval type-2 fuzzy neural network is proposed, which considers the multiple operation property of MECD generated in the production process. The unified modelling of MECDs lie in the aspects of input and output of multiple energy media, OMs, working mode, which are related to analyze the structure difference of various type, specification, the changing of OMs triggered by demand response, and the alteration of season affected on working mode. Moreover, a model-guided rule pruning and recalling strategy was presented for avoiding the catastrophic forgetting of fuzzy rules in the process of modeling. A series of real-world data collected from a steel industrial park are selected for verifying the effectiveness of the proposed method; the established unified model has a widespread applicability and its prediction result outperforms state-of-the-art approaches in aspect of flexibility and accuracy.
Deep Kernel Network Embedding

This paper concerns the problem of network embedding (NE), whose aim is to learn a low-dimensional representation for each node in networks. We shed a new light to solve the sparsity problem where most of nodes including the new arrival nodes have little knowledge with respect to the network. A novel paradigm is proposed to integrate the multiple heterogeneous information from the subgraphs covering the target node instead of only the target node. Particularly, a probabiltiy distribution in subgraph space is contructed for each node, which is more effective to express the distinctive feature over the vertex domain compared to the traditional shallow representations. We boost NE performance by defining the convolution operation over the subgraph distributions that are efficient to evaluate and learn. Our method expliots the advantages of kernel method and deep learning such that the context semantics of subgraph distributions of nodes with dense links is transferred to the sparse nodes effectively via sharing model parameters. Experiments on four real-world network datasets demonstrate that our approach significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods, especially on the representation learning for the nodes newly joining in the network.
Uncovering the knowledge structure of the fan-sporting object relationship: a bibliometric analysis

ABSTRACT Fans are a central entity in the sport ecosystem, and their importance in the sport value chain needs no emphasis. Despite extensive scholarly work around fans in sport management, the discipline lacks a unified view from a relational perspective. In this study, we present a bibliometric and content analysis of the fan-sporting object relationship literature. We conduct citation and cocitation analysis across 1704 journal documents, having 91,071 references. Our study finds that six intellectual clusters depict the realm of this relationship. Further, we report the centrality attributes of the most influential works of the domain. Our work thereby presents the intellectual structure of the literature of the fan-sporting object relationship and depicts it in an integrated framework. We complement our bibliometric review with a content analysis of relevant recent scholarly work to incorporate contemporary viewpoints. In doing so, we contribute to sport management by taking an expansive perspective of fans and accordingly provide future research directions. HIGHLIGHTS This study presents the state of research around the fan-sporting object relationship through bibliometric and social network analyses. It complements the bibliometric methods by using content analysis to present contemporary themes emanating from current research. It depicts the dominant clusters around the relationship and synthesizes them into a framework that acts as this relationship’s blueprint. Finally, the study guides future research that identifies the transcendence of fans beyond spectating roles.
New Insights into the Interaction of Class II Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenases with Ubiquinone in Lipid Bilayers as a Function of Lipid Composition

The fourth enzymatic reaction in the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, the oxidation of dihydroorotate to orotate, is catalyzed by dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). Enzymes belonging to the DHODH Class II are membrane-bound proteins that use ubiquinones as their electron acceptors. We have designed this study to understand the interaction of an N-terminally truncated human DHODH (HsΔ29DHODH) and the DHODH from Escherichia coli (EcDHODH) with ubiquinone (Q10) in supported lipid membranes using neutron reflectometry (NR). NR has allowed us to determine in situ, under solution conditions, how the enzymes bind to lipid membranes and to unambiguously resolve the location of Q10. Q10 is exclusively located at the center of all of the lipid bilayers investigated, and upon binding, both of the DHODHs penetrate into the hydrophobic region of the outer lipid leaflet towards the Q10. We therefore show that the interaction between the soluble enzymes and the membrane-embedded Q10 is mediated by enzyme penetration. We can also show that EcDHODH binds more efficiently to the surface of simple bilayers consisting of 1-palmitoyl, 2-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine, and tetraoleoyl cardiolipin than HsΔ29DHODH, but does not penetrate into the lipids to the same degree. Our results also highlight the importance of Q10, as well as lipid composition, on enzyme binding.
Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of an Instrument to Assess Self-Efficacy in Client-Centeredness (SECCQ)

ABSTRACT This article assesses the reliability and validity of the Self-Efficacy in Client-Centredness questionnaire (SECCQ). SECCQ assesses social worker students’ subjective belief in their ability to provide client-centered care in their daily interaction with children or families. Self-efficacy is defined as an individual’s judgments concerning their capability to perform certain skills necessary to attain a desired outcome of behavior. Client-centeredness, on the other hand, relates to how social workers treat clients, not only from a clinical perspective, but also from an emotional, mental, and social perspective. Overall findings demonstrate that this questionnaire has satisfying psychometric properties and high reliability. Hence, the SECCQ may be a valuable tool for raising students’ awareness of their self-efficacy and the evaluation of student learning outcomes.
Sustained Phosphorus Removal by Calcareous Materials in Long-Term (Two Years) Column Experiment

(1) Phosphorus (P) removal has proven difficult in decentralized wastewater treatment systems, and external filters installed with a highly P sorbent material have been proposed to improve the P removal. In particular, calcium (Ca) rich materials have shown promising results. (2) Eight materials (five calcareous materials, one quartz sand, and two Sol–Gel coated calcareous materials) were tested in columns fed with P-spiked tap water for two years. The experiment was operated under four periods with increased P concentration from 3.3 to 21.5 mg P L−1, and with increased surface loading rate from 18 to 227 mm d−1. After termination, the element content was measured in four column height fractions. (3) Initially, all columns removed P effectively and the calcareous materials (CAT, CAT A, and CAT C) maintained an effective removal until termination, while increases in effluent P concentration were detected already after 7 weeks for SAN and after 80–90 weeks for OPO, PHO, CAL, and HYG. The highest P content for materials were measured for the bottom fraction closest to the inlet distribution. For most materials, we observed a good agreement between the maximum sorption capacity (Qmax) and the P content in the bottom fraction; however, a discrepancy was observed for CAL, CAT A, and CAT C. (4) In conclusion, the calcareous materials provided a consistent P removal for all 24 months. Additionally, the Sol–Gel coating had a minimal effect on the P removal capacity contrary to previous findings in batch experiments for the coated materials.
Ionospheric Variability during the 2020–2021 SSW: COSMIC-2 Observations and WACCM-X Simulations

Variability in the ionosphere during the 2020–2021 sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) is investigated using a combination of Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate-2 (COSMIC-2) observations and the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere–ionosphere eXtension (WACCM-X) simulations. The unprecedented spatial–temporal sampling of the low latitude ionosphere afforded by COSMIC-2 enables investigating the short-term (<5 days) variability in the ionosphere during the SSW event. The COSMIC-2 observations reveal a reduction in the diurnal and zonal mean ionosphere total electron content (ITEC) and reduced amplitude of the diurnal variation in the ionosphere during the SSW. Enhanced ITEC amplitudes of the semidiurnal solar and lunar migrating tides and the westward propagating semidiurnal tide with zonal wavenumber 3 are also observed. The WACCM-X simulations demonstrate that these variations are driven by variability in the stratosphere–mesosphere during the 2020–2021 SSW event. The results show the impact of the 2020–2021 SSW on the mean state, diurnal, and semidiurnal variations in the ionosphere, as well as the capabilities of the COSMIC-2 mission to observe short-term variability in the ionosphere that is driven by meteorological variability in the lower atmosphere.
Segmentation of Flame Image Using Multiple Color Channel Fusion

One approach to segmentation of flame image in kiln based on color channel fusion is proposed.Three new images are created by every two channels from red,green and blue channel of flame inage.Three training sample sets are extracted from the three images and used to train three BP neural networks.When the networks are converged,they are used to segment the corresponding image channels respectively.Then the obtained three different results are fused by four fusion algorithms,i.e.,mean,median,fuzzy logic and neural network.Thus the final segment results are with higher accuracy.The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible.
And the Oscar Goes to Peripheral Blood Film for the Detection of Lead Poisoning in a Complicated Toxic Patient: A Case Report with a Review of Laboratory Clues

Background Peripheral blood smear examination is an invaluable laboratory test, which provides the complete hematologic and/or nonhematologic picture of a case. In addition to verifying the results of automated cell counters, it has the potential to identify some pathologic and morphologic changes that remain hidden using the cell counters alone. Case Presentation. A 40-year-old man with a three-year history of alcohol intake and marijuana abuse presented with severe lower extremities of the bone and abdominal pain. Physical examination showed high blood pressure, high pulse rate, and abdominal tenderness. He underwent extensive laboratory and imaging tests, and cholecystectomy and bone marrow studies were associated with no definite diagnosis. Right after all these invasive, expensive, and time-consuming investigations during a month, finding coarse basophilic stippling in the red blood cells in the peripheral blood smear by an expert led to the final diagnosis. Elevated blood lead level and the presence of ring sideroblasts in the bone marrow study confirmed the diagnosis of lead poisoning, and the patient responded well to chelator therapy in a short period. Conclusion This case clearly showed the value of peripheral blood smear review and its impact on patient care. In order not to lose the cases, laboratories are recommended to design their own policy for peripheral blood smear review. The peripheral blood smear is the fastest, simplest, and most available screening test, which can prevent many misdiagnoses and malpractices. It provides rich morphological information, among which basophilic stippling is highly suggestive of lead poisoning.
The Effect of Prenatal Exposure to Climate Anomaly on Adulthood Cognitive Function and Job Reputation

Background: The long-term effect of abnormal climate on cognitive function and socioeconomic status remains elusive. We explored the association between prenatal exposure to climate anomaly and adulthood cognitive function and job reputation. Methods: We obtained repeated cognitive and job reputation measurements from 17,105 subjects for the years 2010, 2014, and 2018, and ascertained their birth date and other covariates. We used sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the Southern Pacific Ocean as the indicator for global climate anomaly in the main analyses. We calculated its averaged values for different gestational periods and analyzed its possible nonlinear associations with adulthood cognitive function and job reputation. We also calculated associated economic loss due to prenatal exposure to abnormal climate. Results: We found an inverted U-shaped curve between climate anomaly and adulthood cognition. During the entire pregnancy, for SST anomalies increasing/decreasing 1 °C from 0 °C, newborn individuals will have adulthood cognition (measured by math test) changed by −2.09% (95% confidence interval (CI): −2.31%, −1.88%) and −3.98% (95% CI: −4.32%, −3.65%), respectively. We observed a similar inverted U-shaped pattern for cognitive function measured by word test and job reputation. Such an association is likely to be mediated by regional meteorological conditions, not local ones. Subgroup analyses identified females and people from less-developed regions as even more vulnerable to prenatal abnormal climate, finding an interactive effect with other social factors. The economic loss was assessed as the salary reduction due to declined cognition among all newborn individuals in China. For SST anomalies increasing/decreasing by 1 °C from 0 °C, individuals born each year in China would earn 0.33 (95% CI: 0.40, 0.25) and 1.09 (95% CI: 1.23, 0.94) billion U.S. dollars equivalent less in their annual salary at adulthood because of lowered cognitive function, respectively. Conclusion: Prenatal exposure to abnormal global climate patterns can result in declined adulthood cognitive function, lowered job reputation, and subsequent economic loss.
Deciding to Leave Care Is Not Dropout: The Emerging Adult Perspective

Emerging adults discontinue behavioral health treatment at rates ranging from 30% to 50%. This study explored dropout using semi-structured interviews (N = 20). Participants were engaged in a group therapy program, Healthy Transitions. Findings revealed the lack of therapeutic relationship and logistical issues such as cost, transportation, and conflicting work schedules contributed to dropout. Participants indicated that alleviating logistical barriers and feeling a connection to their peers and group leader prevented dropout. This program was free, transportation was provided, and sessions were in the evening. Participants expressed peer educators made them feel less judged and/or stigmatized than a one-on-one therapy appointment. These findings reinforce logistical issues and lack of a therapeutic relationship contribute to dropout and highlight the benefits of flexible scheduling and reinforce the importance of a therapeutic relationship in preventing dropout.
Sustainability in fashion and luxury marketing: Results, paradoxes and potentialities

ABSTRACT This guest editorial article introduces a special issue devoted to the results, paradoxes, and potentialities emerging from the growing interest within the marketing and management research in the sustainability of fashion and luxury companies. While there has been extensive discussion of the meaning and forms of sustainability in the literature, the consistency of the models and behaviors applied to sustainability adopted by companies, and the results achieved in a field as important as fashion and luxury marketing, have not been verified. The articles in the special issue are briefly discussed, with some conclusions about the main results emerging from the various research studies. The five articles in this special issue seek to contribute to research that systemizes new models and tools that may be useful for practitioners and marketing researchers working in this field.