Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Statistical Methods for Exoplanet Detection with Radial Velocities

Exoplanets can be detected with various observational techniques. Among them, the radial velocity (RV) has the key advantages of revealing the architecture of planetary systems and measuring orbital eccentricities and mass. RV observations are poised to play a key role in the detection and characterization of Earth twins. However, the detection of such small planets is not yet possible due to very complex, temporally correlated instrumental and astrophysical stochastic signals. Furthermore, exploring the large parameter space of RV models exhaustively and efficiently presents difficulties. In this review, we frame RV data analysis as a problem of detection and parameter estimation in unevenly sampled, multivariate time series. The objective of this review is two-fold: to introduce the motivation, methodological challenges, and numerical challenges of RV data analysis to nonspecialists, and to unify the existing advanced approaches in order to identify areas for improvement. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application, Volume 10 is March 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews. org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
Failure of compression-loaded multidirectional composite laminates

An analytical and experimental investigation of the failure of selected compression-loaded composite laminates is described. A general nonlinear theory is presented for predicting a laminate's compressive strength and failure mode. The theory includes the effects of out-of-plane ply waviness, inplane fiber waviness, and fiber scissoring. A simple compressive test technique is used to obtain the experimental data. The analytical and experimental results show good agreement for theta less than 45 deg and show excellent agreement for theta not less than 45 deg. The dominant compression failure modes for the laminates in this study were found to be interlaminar shearing, inplane matrix shearing, and matrix compression.
Robust error estimates for stabilized finite element approximations of the two dimensional Navier-Stokes equations with application to implicit large eddy simulation

We consider error estimates in weak parametrised norms for stabilized finite element approximations of the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes' equations. These weak norms can be related to the norms of certain filtered quantities, where the parameter of the norm, relates to the filter width. Under the assumption of the existence of a certain decomposition of the solution, into large eddies and fine scale fluctuations, the constants of the estimates are proven to be independent of both the Reynolds number and the Sobolev norm of the exact solution. Instead they exhibit exponential growth with a coefficient proportional to the maximum gradient of the large eddies. The error estimates are on a posteriori form, but using Sobolev injections valid on finite element spaces and the properties of the stabilization operators the residuals may be upper bounded uniformly, leading to robust a priori error estimates.
Dual-RNAseq Analysis Unravels Virus-Host Interactions of MetSV and Methanosarcina mazei

Methanosarcina spherical virus (MetSV), infecting Methanosarcina species, encodes 22 genes, but their role in the infection process in combination with host genes has remained unknown. To study the infection process in detail, infected and uninfected M. mazei cultures were compared using dual-RNAseq, qRT-PCRs, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The transcriptome analysis strongly indicates a combined role of virus and host genes in replication, virus assembly, and lysis. Thereby, 285 host and virus genes were significantly regulated. Within these 285 regulated genes, a network of the viral polymerase, MetSVORF6, MetSVORF5, MetSVORF2, and the host genes encoding NrdD, NrdG, a CDC48 family protein, and a SSB protein with a role in viral replication was postulated. Ultrastructural analysis at 180 min p.i. revealed many infected cells with virus particles randomly scattered throughout the cytoplasm or attached at the cell surface, and membrane fragments indicating cell lysis. Dual-RNAseq and qRT-PCR analyses suggested a multifactorial lysis reaction in potential connection to the regulation of a cysteine proteinase, a pirin-like protein and a HicB-solo protein. Our study’s results led to the first preliminary infection model of MetSV infecting M. mazei, summarizing the key infection steps as follows: replication, assembly, and host cell lysis.
Determination of the Dynamic Workspace of Cable-Driven Planar Parallel Mechanisms

In this paper, we present a general and systematic analysis of cable-driven planar parallel mechanisms. The equations for the velocities are derived, and the forces in the cables are obtained by the principle of virtual work. Then, a detailed analysis of the workspace is performed and an analytical method for the determination of the boundaries of an x-y two-dimensional subset is proposed. The new notion of dynamic workspace is defined, as its shape depends on the accelerations of the end-effector. We demonstrate that any subset of the workspace can be considered as a combination of three-cable subworkspaces, with boundaries being of two kinds: two-cable equilibrium loci and three-cable singularity loci. By using a parametric representation, we see that for the x-y workspace of a simple no-spring mechanism, the two-cable equilibrium loci represent a hyperbolic section, degenerating, in some particular cases, to one or two linear segments. Examples of such loci are presented. We use quadratic programming to choose which sections of the curves constitute the boundaries of the workspace for any particular dynamic state. A detailed example of workspace determination is included for a six-cable mechanism.
Generic Behaviour of Strongly Reinforced Polya Urns : Convergence and Stability

We consider, as proposed and studied in Hofstad et. \ al.\ \cite{HHKR}, a class of graph-based "interacting urn"-type Polya urn model inspired by neuronal processing in the brain where a signal enters the brain at some (randomly) chosen neuron and is transmitted to a (random) single neighbouring neuron with a probability depending on the relative `efficiency' of the synapses connecting the neurons, and in doing so the efficiency of the utilized synapse is improved/reinforced. We study the structures (or architectures) and relative efficiency of the neuronal networks that can arise from repeating this process a very large number of times in a "strong reinforcement regime". Under the most general conditions, we prove in the affirmative a part of the main open conjecture in \cite{HHKR} i.e. the zero probability of convergence of the corresponding "urn process" to any 'unstable' equilibrium. Under very generic conditions, i.e., for an open and dense subset of parameters with full measure, we also prove the full open conjecture by showing the finiteness of the equilibrium set and hence the unit probability of convergence of the "urn process" to some 'stable' equilibrium.
Projected Variational Integrators for Degenerate Lagrangian Systems

We propose and compare several projection methods applied to variational integrators for degenerate Lagrangian systems, whose Lagrangian is of the form $L = \vartheta(q) \cdot \dot{q} - H(q)$ and thus linear in velocities. While previous methods for such systems only work reliably in the case of $\vartheta$ being a linear function of $q$, our methods are long-time stable also for systems where $\vartheta$ is a nonlinear function of $q$. We analyse the properties of the resulting algorithms, in particular with respect to the conservation of energy, momentum maps and symplecticity. In numerical experiments, we verify the favourable properties of the projected integrators and demonstrate their excellent long-time fidelity. In particular, we consider a two-dimensional Lotka-Volterra system, planar point vortices with position-dependent circulation and guiding centre dynamics.
Highly efficient hybrid method for monostatic scattering by objects on a rough surface

A highly efficient hybrid method is proposed for computing scattering by objects above a rough surface. A special treatment is designed and applied to the conventional hybrid method of the Kirchhoff approach (KA) and the method of moments (MoMs) to speed up the computation of the interaction between the objects and the rough surface. To further improve efficiency, the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) and the fast far-field approximation (FAFFA) are employed in the hybrid KA-MoM method. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method are validated by numerical experiments.
Pathogenicity Classification using Phylogenetic Analysis of Escherichia coli Strains

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is an adaptable gram-negative bacillus facultative an aerobic bacterium that belongs to the family of Enterobacteriaceae. It is well known to be a commensal of the human and animal gastrointestinal tract and environments unrelated to the host, such as water, soil, manure, and food. This study was focused on identifying the pathogenicity of three local isolated E. coli strains (Malaysia) compared to the other 22 completed genome strains from the available database. The local strains are INF13/18/A [1], INF32/16/A [2], and INF191/17/A [3]. which are identified as extended-spectrum beta-lactamase types. 16S rRNA was used to build a phylogenetic tree by using MUSCLE for alignment and MEGA with 1000 bootstraps to build a tree (Figure 1), and then Figtree was used for visualisation. The outlier in this phylogenetic analysis is H3RV (a mycobacterium strain). The analysis revealed that the 22 completed genome strains can be divided into two main clusters with one cluster mainly more pathogen and least pathogen. Based on previous pathogenicity studies revealed that Shiga-toxin-producing E. coli are pathogens that are ER strains that cause diarrheal disease in humans and are of a public health concern due to their ability to cause outbreaks and severe diseases such as haemorrhagic colitis or haemolytic-uremic syndrome [4]. Furthermore, CVM strains also reported as pathogen (GCA_008385405.1, GCA_008386375.1, GCA_004281435.2, GCA_008385205.1, and GCA_008383145.1). Therefore, the first cluster containing all ER strains and CVM is pathogenic. The second cluster included all local strains, two of the local strains (INF13/18/A and INF191/17/A) closely with Al Ain [5] and AR-0427 (GCF_008727195.1) which both are known to be Shiga-toxin producing strains (0157). This suggested that these two local strains are true pathogens. While one of the other local strains INF32/16/A shares a recent common ancestor with a non-pathogenic laboratory strain K-12 substr. MG1655 [6], which could be probably suggested that this local strain is non-pathogenic. In addition to that the second clusters, JME strains were clustered together with ecMN1F (GCA_008824125.1). The distribution of lineage is also not related to sampling locations because the first cluster has CVM strains and ER strains from the USA and New Zealand, respectively. While the two local strains from Malaysian strains were also found close to the United States of America (K-12 substr. MG1655) [6]. In conclusion, this study shows the pathogenicity group classification of E. coli strains and requires further investigation to determine the level of pathogenicity of these organisms. A phylogenetic of E. coli used 16S rRNA, shows dividing into two common ancestors and the outlier, the strains of the above common ancestor such as CVM and ER [7] strains are true pathogenic, while the strains of the second common ancestor are showing some pathogenic and some non-pathogenic which closely related with the local sample.
Self-organizing system theory by use of reaction-diffusion equation on a graph with boundary

Some kinds of spatiotemporal pattern generator systems are expressed by evolution equations. Such evolution equations are composed of many dynamic units which behave from only its local information. This is a typical structure of self-organizing system, which have many desirable properties for large scale systems, such as flexibility, adaptability, fault tolerability, and so on. We showed that such a system can be modeled by a reaction diffusion equation on a graph in the previous work. The result was that a reaction diffusion equation on a graph decreases the value of a potential functional monotonously. This means that a network of dynamic units which observe only their connecting units' states can generate a global order in the same way of continuous media. This theory can treat some internal dynamic network system which should coordinate without some kinds of central controllers. Generally, the pattern which is generated by a self-organizing system is suitable for its environment. This means that such pattern is very affected by its environment. Therefore, the theory which treats such a system must be able to formulate the environment. One of the most suitable theory to treat it is evolution equation on a graph with boundary. In this paper, we derive the Stokes' formula on a graph with boundary. Using this formula, the reaction diffusion equation on a graph with boundary is derived by constructing a gradient system in function space on the graph.
Chronic cough—the limitation and advances in assessment techniques

Accurate and consistent assessments of cough are essential to advance the understanding of the mechanisms of cough and individualised the management of patients. Considerable progress has been made in this work. Here we reviewed the currently available tools for subjectively and objectively measuring both cough sensitivity and severity. We also provided some opinions on the new techniques and future directions. The simple and practical Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ), and the Cough Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (CQLQ) are the most widely used self-reported questionnaires for evaluating and quantifying cough severity. The Hull Airway Reflux Questionnaire (HARQ) is a tool to elucidate the constellation of symptoms underlying the diagnosis of chronic cough. Chemical excitation tests are widely used to explore the pathophysiological mechanisms of the cough reflex, such as capsaicin, citric acid and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) challenge test. Cough frequency is an ideal primary endpoint for clinical research, but the application of cough counters has been limited in clinical practice by the high cost and reliance on aural validation. The ongoing development of cough detection technology for smartphone apps and wearable devices will hopefully simplify cough counting, thus transitioning it from niche research to a widely available clinical application.
The effects of customer rebates and retailer incentives on a manufacturer's profits and sales

In some industries such as automotive, production costs are largely fixed and therefore maximizing revenue is the main objective. Manufacturers use promotions directed to the end customers and/or retailers in their distribution channels to increase sales and market share. We study a game theoretical model to examine the impact of “retailer incentive” and “customer rebate” promotions on the manufacturer's pricing and the retailer's ordering/sales decisions. The main tradeoff is that customer rebates are given to every customer, while the use of retailer incentives is controlled by the retailer. We consider several models with different demand characteristics and information asymmetry between the manufacturer and a price discriminating retailer, and we determine which promotion would benefit the manufacturer under which market conditions. When demand is deterministic, we find that retailer incentives increase the manufacturer's profits (and sales) while customer rebates do not unless they lead to market expansion. When the uncertainty in demand (“market potential”) is high, a customer rebate can be more profitable than the retailer incentive for the manufacturer. With numerical examples, we provide additional insights on the profit gains by the right choice of promotion. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010
Photoluminescence of Si nanocrystal memory devices obtained by ion beam synthesis

In this letter, we propose an original method to investigate Si nanocrystal-based nonvolatile memory devices, taking benefit of the photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and the specific optoelectronic properties of Si nanocrystals (Si-NCs). Ordered two-dimensional-arrays of Si-NCs were synthesized by ultralow-energy ion implantation in 7-nm-thick SiO2 and subsequent annealing. The Si-NCs population characteristics (size and density) were adjusted by different oxidizing annealing. This allowed, at the same time, the progressive healing of the oxide matrix. The analysis of the spectra revealed the presence of two PL bands, one due to quantum confinement effects in Si-NCs, and the other one attributed to silicon-rich oxide. Therefore, the evolution in energy and intensity of the PL bands was correlated to the oxidizing conditions, thus to the change of the Si-NCs size and density, and to the formation of stoichiometric SiO2. These results are of great interest as being the first step in using PL spectroscopy .
KEBUTUHAN PERAWATAN PERIODONTAL PADA PASIEN RSGM FKG UPDM (B) PADA PERIODE NOVEMBER-DESEMBER 2019: SURVEI CPITN

Latar belakang: Inflamasi periodontal mengenai jaringan pendukung gigi meliputi ligamen periodontal dan kerusakan tulang alveolar. Tanda klinis yang umumnya dijumpai diantaranya warna kemerahan pada gingiva, disertai perdarahan, resesi gingiva dan kegoyangan gigi. Evaluasi kondisi jaringan periodontal untuk mengamati gambaran klinis dan kondisi jaringan periodontal dapat diukur pada individu dan komunitas dengan menggunakan indeks Community Periodontal Index of Treamnet Needs (CPITN) Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi dan keparahan penyakit periodontal dapat dipengaruhi oleh jenis kelamin, gingivitis memiliki prevalensi yang lebih tinggi pada pria dibandingkan wanita, hal ini dapat disebabkan adanya perbedaan kebiasaan yang mempengaruhi terjadinya gingivitis. Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Gigi Mulut Universitas Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama) dengan menggunakan penilaian survei CPITN, untuk menilai kebutuhan perawatan antara laki-laki dan perempuan pada pasien (usia 20-30 tahun) yang berobat di RSGM UPDM (B) pada kurun waktu November-Desember 2019. Hasil penelitian: Berdasarkan penilaian CPITN, score 1 untuk laki-laki 35% (14 subyek), perempuan 25% (10 subyek); score 2, laki-laki 12,5% (5 subyek), perempuan 22,5% (9 subyek); score 3, laki-laki dan perempuan 2,5% (1 subyek). Kesimpulan: Kebutuhan perawatan periodontal terbanyak adalah pada skor 1 untuk laki-laki sebanyak 14 subyek (35%) dan perempuan 10 subyek (25%), yang artinya dibutuhkan peningkatan OH, melalui oral prophylaksis. Untuk Skor 2, jumlah wanita lebih banyak, yang artinya dibutuhkan peningkatan OH dan tindakan pembersihan karang gigi.
Latest results and future prospects of the NA64 experiment at CERN SPS

The search for Dark Matter (DM) is one of the hottest topics of modern physics. Despite the various astrophysical and cosmological observations proving its existence, its elementary properties remain to date unknown. In addition to gravity, DM could interact with ordinary matter through a new force, mediated by a new vector boson (Dark Photon, Heavy Photon or 𝐴 ′ ), kinetically mixed with the Standard Model photon. The NA64- 𝑒 experiment at CERN fits in this scenario, aiming to produce DM particles using the 100 GeV SPS electron beam impinging on a thick active target (electromagnetic calorimeter). In this setup the DM production signature consists in a large observed missing energy, defined as the difference between the energy of the incoming electron and the energy measured in the calorimeter, coupled with null activity in the downstream veto systems. Recently, following the growing interest in positron annihilation mechanisms for DM production, the NA64 collaboration has performed preliminary studies with the aim to run the experiment with a positron beam, as planned within the POKER (POsitron resonant annihilation into darK mattER) project. This work presents the latest NA64- 𝑒 results and its future prospects, reporting on the progresses in the positron beam run and discussing the sensitivity of the experiment to alternative variations of to the dark photon paradigm.
Large Random Simplicial Complexes, III; The Critical Dimension

In this paper we study the notion of critical dimension of random simplicial complexes in the general multi-parameter model described in our previous papers of this series. This model includes as special cases the Linial-Meshulam-Wallach model as well as the clique complexes of random graphs. We characterise the concept of critical dimension in terms of various geometric and topological properties of random simplicial complexes such as their Betti numbers, the fundamental group, the size of minimal cycles and the degrees of simplexes. We mention in the text a few interesting open questions.
The role of helium implantation induced vacancy defect on hardening of tungsten

Vacancy-type defects created by helium implantation in tungsten and their impact on the nano-hardness characteristics were investigated by correlating the results from the positron annihilation spectroscopy and the nano-indentation technique. Helium implantation was performed at room temperature (RT) and at an elevated temperate of 600 °C. Also, the effect of post-annealing of the RT implanted sample was studied. The S parameter characterizing the open volume in the material was found to increase after helium irradiation and is significantly enhanced for the samples thermally treated at 600 °C either by irradiation at high temperature or by post-annealing. Two types of helium-vacancy defects were detected after helium irradiation; small defects with high helium-to-vacancy ratio (low S parameter) for RT irradiation and large defects with low helium-to-vacancy ratio (high S parameter) for thermally treated tungsten. The hardness of the heat treated tungsten coincides with the S parameter, and hence is controlled by the large helium-vacancy defects. The hardness of tungsten irradiated at RT without thermal treatment is dominated by manufacturing related defects such as dislocation loops and impurity clusters and additionally by trapped He atoms from irradiation effects, which enhance hardness. He-stabilized dislocation loops mainly cause the very high hardness values in RT irradiated samples without post-annealing.
Multipliers on Hilbert Spaces of Dirichlet Series

In this paper, certain classes of Hilbert spaces of Dirichlet series with weighted norms and their corresponding multiplier algebras will be explored. For a sequence $\{w_n\}_{n=n_0}^\infty $ of positive numbers, define \[\mathcal H^\textbf{w}=\left\{\sum_{n=n_0}^\infty a_nn^{-s}:\sum_{n=n_0}^\infty |a_n|^2 w_n<\infty\right\}. \] Hedenmalm, Lindqvist and Seip considered the case in which $w_n\equiv 1$ and classified the multiplier algebra of $\mathcal H^\textbf{w}$ for this space in \cite {HLS}. In \cite{M}, McCarthy classified the multipliers on $\mathcal H^\textbf{w}$ when the weights are given by \[w_n=\int_0^\infty n^{-2\sigma}d\mu(\sigma),\] where $\mu$ is a positive Radon measure with $\{0\}$ in its support and $n_0$ is the smallest positive integer for which this integral is finite. Similar results will be derived assuming the weights are multiplicative, rather than given by a measure. In particular, upper and lower bounds on the operator norms of the multipliers will be obtained, in terms of their values on certain half planes, on the Hilbert spaces resulting from these weights. Finally, some number theoretic weight sequences will be explored and the multiplier algebras of the corresponding Hilbert spaces determined up to isometric isomorphism, providing examples where the conclusion of McCarthy's result holds, but under alternate hypotheses on the weights.