Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Consequent-Pole PM Vernier Machines With Different Rotor Types

Taking the advantage of flux modulation effects, consequent-pole permanent magnet (PM) vernier (CPMV) machines have been widely investigated recently, featuring high torque density and PM utilization ratio. However, the low-order harmonics of modulated flux fields additionally cause high iron saturation, which results in relatively low average torque under overload conditions, especially for the CPMV machines with an interior CPM (ICPM) rotor. Therefore, this article proposes two hybrid CPM (HCPM) rotors of PMV machines to improve the overload performance by adding SPMs into the conventional ICPM rotor. First, the topologies of the proposed HCPM rotors are presented, named HCPM1 and HCPM2 rotors, respectively. Then, the HCPM rotors and a conventional ICPM rotor with the V-shaped PM arrangement are designed and optimized to find out the optimal design parameters. Moreover, the electromagnetic performances including back EMF, torque performance, efficiency, flux-weakening capability, and end effect are comprehensively investigated and compared. It indicates that the two proposed HCPM rotors both can generate equivalently high average torque, efficiency, and flux-weakening capability, compared to the conventional ICPM rotor. Furthermore, the proposed HCPM2 rotor can produce $\ge 22.9$ % higher torque at overload conditions. In addition, due to the bipolar PM arrangement, the unipolar flux leakage of the HCPM2 rotor is significantly reduced and lower than 0.05 T. Finally, the prototype of a 12-stator-slot/20-rotor-pole CPMV machine with the HCPM2 rotor is manufactured to validate the finite-element (FE) results.
Measurement of the Z → τ + τ - production cross section in proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV center-of-mass energy with the ATLAS detector

The subject of this thesis is the measurement of the Z → ττ production cross section in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. In this thesis, the semi-leptonic final state has been investigated, where one τ-lepton decays into an electron or muon and neutrinos and the other one into hadrons plus neutrino. The production cross section has been determined for data collected in 2011 corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.5 -1 . The results, σ(pp → Z+X,Z →ττ) = 998.1±23.7(stat)±131.9(syst)±36.9(lumi) pb (Electron in the final state), σ(pp → Z + X, Z →ττ) = 912.4 ± 15.0(stat) ± 94.7(syst) ± 33.7(lumi) pb (Muon in the final state), are in a good agreement with the theoretical expectation.
Key management and link-layer security of wireless sensor networks: Energy-efficient attack and defense

The relentless miniaturization of computers and advances in radio-based communications have given rise to a new exciting technology: wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A WSN is a network consisting of numerous small, low-cost, independent sensor nodes that communicate through wireless means. These sensor nodes are self-contained units composed primarily of a microcontroller, a radio, a battery, one or more sensors and some interconnecting circuits. As such, the sensor nodes have limited computing power and energy supply, and instead of performance, they are frequently operated with energy efficiency in mind. Sensor nodes are meant to be deployed without a pre-configured topology and operated unattended, but radio communications enable them to organize themselves. When data are available through their sensors, radio communications allow the data to be distributed across the network. For monitoring-type applications, e.g. monitoring of natural habitats, this presents unprecedented sensing scale and resolution. For other types of applications, at the same time providing a transparent interface between human activities and the surroundings, WSNs integrate seamlessly with the environment. As with other technologies, WSN is not without its perils. When data are circulated in an unattended network, they might be leaked against the interests of the concerned parties. Operation-wise, there should be some means to ensure the availability of the service provided by the network, as well as a way to discriminate between legal and malicious requests to avoid executing tasks that might be disruptive to the network itself. This is where security comes in. These problems are largely categorized as information security and security against denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, and they are the foci of this thesis. The common thread that permeates through these two areas is energy efficiency. While security can be gained by tamper-proofing the hardware, increasing the computational power of the sensor nodes and so on, practical WSN security is a balancing act that is constantly in search of the highest level of protection that can be squeezed out of the judicious use of limited resources. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part of the thesis concerns defense-oriented issues: design, implementation and key management. The second part of the thesis looks at attack-oriented issues: link-layer jamming attacks.
A Supply Voltage Insensitive Two-Transistor Temperature Sensor With PTAT/CTAT Outputs Based on Monolithic GaN Integrated Circuits

The article presents a monolithically integrated temperature sensor using a two-transistor (2 T) configuration based on gallium nitride (GaN) metal–insulator–semiconductor high-electron-mobility transistors (MIS-HEMTs). By adjusting the gate size ratio of the depletion-mode (D-mode) device and enhancement-mode (E-mode) device, the output type of the sensor can be converted from proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT) and complementary to absolute temperature (CTAT). Experimental results demonstrate that the 2 T configuration achieves PTAT/CTAT output with high temperature sensitivity (PTAT/CTAT: 15.86/<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$-$</tex-math></inline-formula>10.53 mV/<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^\circ$</tex-math></inline-formula>C) over a wide temperature range of 25 °C–250 °C and a broad supply voltage range of 8–60 V, attributed to the superior characteristics of the GaN transistor. In addition, the integrated over-temperature protection (OTP) block based on this temperature sensor has been fabricated in the laboratory, which features a fast response time (381 ns at 150 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^\circ$</tex-math></inline-formula>C). These results demonstrate the viability of on-chip integrated sensors in OTP circuits that are fully compatible with 48 V applications and a high-temperature environment, paving the way for the development of high-power density all-GaN smart power systems.
A machine‐learning approach to load‐monitoring based on guided waves

The research field of structural health monitoring (SHM) describes the way to assess the structural integrity. The research objectives are broadly diversified, which are all addressing the improvement of SHM technologies. It is important to optimise the capability of sensor networks by applying intelligent signal processing models. These intelligent systems predict the health state based on acquired data in a real‐time environment. Piezoelectric sensor networks and guided‐wave based analyses are combined with machine learning to create an efficient load‐monitoring routine. This load‐monitoring approach is chosen to track any changes in the environmental conditions, which causes most of the problems in reference signal based damage detection. Therefore, the proposed load‐monitoring method can be used to compensate the influence of external changes on the acquired signals and improve the performance and robustness of future SHM systems. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Causal inference in functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

In the past two decades, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging has been used to relate neuronal network activity to cognitive processing and behaviour. Recently this approach has been augmented by algorithms that allow us to infer causal links between component populations of neuronal networks. Multiple inference procedures have been proposed to approach this research question but so far, each method has limitations when it comes to establishing whole-brain connectivity patterns. In this paper, we discuss the ways to infer causality in fMRI research. We also formulate recommendations for the future directions in this area.
VQ-faces - Unsupervised Multi-View Face Recognition by Pairwise Clustering

In this paper we propose a new, unsupervised approach to multi-view face recognition, which can be formulated mathematically as a problem of partitioning of pairwise proximity data, obtained from multi-view face image sequences. The proposed approach is implemented in two steps: in the first step, the so-called VQ-faces are calculated incrementally as prototype vectors of local areas in image-space, coding for different face-views (i.e. a "view code-book" is generated). In the second step the different face sequences are clustered into identity categories by a combinatorial optimization-based partitioning of the proximity matrix of pairwise relations between the sequences, generated with respect to the VQ-faces. The general approach proposed here has been tested experimentally on a data set of multi-view face sequences gathered over a period of several months in real-world conditions and encouraging results were obtained
Distributed Consensus of Third‐order Multi‐agent Systems with Communication Delay

This paper studies the consensus problem for a class of general third‐order multi‐agent systems on an undirected connected network. By employing a variables transformation, the consensus control problem can be turned into a asymptotical stability problem. Then we present a necessary and sufficient condition for guaranteeing consensus by using Routh‐Hurwitz stability criterion. And this result can be applied to a special case of third‐order integrator systems. Also we will present a tolerable communication time delay for third‐order integrator systems under the assumption that multi‐agent systems can reach consensus without communication delay.
Urban traffic flow management on large scale using an improved ACO for a road transportation system

PurposeWith the demographic increase, especially in big cities, heavy traffic, traffic congestion, road accidents and augmented pollution levels hamper transportation networks. Finding the optimal routes in urban scenarios is very challenging since it should consider reducing traffic jams, optimizing travel time, decreasing fuel consumption and reducing pollution levels accordingly. In this regard, the authors propose an enhanced approach based on the Ant Colony algorithm that allows vehicle drivers to search for optimal routes in urban areas from different perspectives, such as shortness and rapidness.Design/methodology/approachAn improved ant colony algorithm (ACO) is used to calculate the optimal routes in an urban road network by adopting an elitism strategy, a random search approach and a flexible pheromone deposit-evaporate mechanism. In addition, the authors make a trade-off between route length, travel time and congestion level.FindingsExperimental tests show that the routes found using the proposed algorithm improved the quality of the results by 30% in comparison with the ACO algorithm. In addition, the authors maintain a level of accuracy between 0.9 and 0.95. Therefore, the overall cost of the found solutions decreased from 67 to 40. In addition, the experimental results demonstrate that the authors’ improved algorithm outperforms not only the original ACO algorithm but also popular meta-heuristic algorithms such as the genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) in terms of reducing travel costs and improving overall fitness value.Originality/valueThe proposed improvements to the ACO to search for optimal paths for urban roads include incorporating multiple factors, such as travel length, time and congestion level, into the route selection process. Furthermore, random search, elitism strategy and flexible pheromone updating rules are proposed to consider the dynamic changes in road network conditions and make the proposed approach more relevant and effective. These enhancements contribute to the originality of the authors’ work, and they have the potential to advance the field of traffic routing.
Detection accuracy of new well sites using Landsat time series data: a case study in the Alberta Oil Sands Region

ABSTRACT Forest change features related to resource exploration and extraction are important in the Alberta Oil Sands Region (AOSR), where, for example, 2486 oil and gas well sites were established in a 5000 km2 area on three leases in the period 1984–2011. A newly established well site is typically readily identified visually in Landsat multispectral and high spatial resolution imagery, but poses an automated detection and mapping challenge over larger areas and long time periods relative to other major disturbance features. In this study, Landsat time series image composites from the national Composite-2-Change (C2C) change detection protocol were used in a comparison to randomly sampled, independently-generated well site reference data. The highest accuracy reported was approximately 83%, with relatively low errors of omission (13%) and high errors of commission (up to 37%). Future research will incorporate well site disturbance object characteristics in this type of regionally-sensitive forest change analysis.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF HARDNESS OF DIFFERENT RESTORATIVE MATERIALS (RESTORATIVE GIC, CENTION N, NANOHYBRID COMPOSITE RESIN AND SILVER AMALGAM) – AN IN VITRO STUDY.

Paromita Mazumdar 1 , Abiskrita Das 2 and Chiranjan Guha 3 . 1. Professor and H.O. D, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics ,Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, 157/F Nilgunj Road, Panihati, Kolkata-700114 2. Post Graduate student, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics ,Guru Nanak, Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, 157/F, Nilgunj Road, Panihati, Kolkata-700114. 3. Post Graduate student, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics ,Guru Nanak, Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, 157/F, Nilgunj Road, Panihati, Kolkata-700114. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History
Ecliptic North‐South Symmetry of Hydrogen Geocorona

The hydrogen exosphere constitutes the uppermost atmospheric layer of the Earth, and its shape may reflect the last stage of the atmospheric escape process. The distribution of hydrogen in the outer exosphere remains unobserved because outer geocoronal emissions are difficult to observe from within the exosphere. In this study, we used the Lyman Alpha Imaging Camera on board the Proximate Object Close Flyby with Optical Navigation spacecraft, located outside the exosphere, to obtain the first image of the entire geocorona that extends to more than 38 Earth radii. The observed emission intensity distribution can be reproduced using our analytical model that has three parameters: exobase temperature, exobase density, and solar radiation pressure, which implies that hot hydrogen production in the magnetized plasmasphere is not the dominant process shaping the outer hydrogen exosphere. However, the role of the magnetic effect in determining the total escape flux cannot be ruled out.
Instrumentation progress at the Giant Magellan Telescope project

Instrument development for the 24m Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) is described: current activities, progress, status, and schedule. One instrument team has completed its preliminary design and is currently beginning its final design (GCLEF, an optical 350-950 nm, high-resolution and precision radial velocity echelle spectrograph). A second instrument team is in its conceptual design phase (GMACS, an optical 350-950 nm, medium resolution, 6-10 arcmin field, multi-object spectrograph). A third instrument team is midway through its preliminary design phase (GMTIFS, a near-IR YJHK diffraction-limited imager/integral-field-spectrograph), focused on risk reduction prototyping and design optimization. A fourth instrument team is currently fabricating the 5 silicon immersion gratings needed to begin its preliminary design phase (GMTNIRS, a simultaneous JHKLM high-resolution, AO-fed, echelle spectrograph). And, another instrument team is focusing on technical development and prototyping (MANIFEST, a facility robotic, multifiber feed, with a 20 arcmin field of view). In addition, a medium-field (6 arcmin, 0.06 arcsec/pix) optical imager will support telescope and AO commissioning activities, and will excel at narrow-band imaging. In the spirit of advancing synergies with other groups, the challenges of running an ELT instrument program and opportunities for cross-ELT collaborations are discussed.
Lattice Boltzmann simulation of heat transfer with phase change in saturated soil during freezing process

ABSTRACT A lattice Boltzmann model is presented for simulating heat transfer with phase change in saturated soil. The model includes a quartet structure generation set for creating soil structure, double distribution functions for simulating temperature field evolution of soil particles and water, respectively, and an enthalpy-based method for tracing phase interface. The model is validated by two cases with analytical solutions. Then, we investigate the influence of porosity on freezing process in saturated sandy loam soil. The results demonstrate that porosity is the predominant factor when the location is far from the cold source; otherwise, thermal gradient is more important.
Hidden transition in multiferroic and magnetodielectric CuCrO2 evidenced by ac-susceptibility

Ferroelectric polarization, magnetic-field dependence of the dielectric constant and ac and dc magnetizations of frustrated CuCrO2 have been measured. A new spin freezing transition below 32 K is observed which is thermally driven. The nature of the spin freezing is to be a single-ion process. Dilution by the replacements of Cr ions by magnetic Mn ions showed suppression of the spin freezing transition suggesting it to be fundamentally a single-ion freezing process. The observed freezing, which is seemingly associated to geometrical spin frustration, represents a novel form of magnetic glassy behavior.
How a Simple Diabetic Ketoacidosis Was Actually a Deadly Liver Abscess

Pyogenic liver abscesses (PLA) are rare causes of infection in immunocompetent individuals in developed countries. In this report, we discuss a rare presentation and the risk factors associated with developing PLA. Our aim is to raise awareness about PLA developing in patients with uncommon risk factors, enabling early identification and appropriate treatment. The case involves a male patient who presented to the hospital with generalized weakness, was admitted for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and incidentally had elevated liver enzymes that required further investigation. It is important to note that risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, proton pump inhibitors, and colon malignancies are very rare but have been reported in isolated cases as potential risks for developing PLA. Early diagnosis of PLA is crucial due to its high mortality rate, even with intervention.
Matchings in Tetrameric 1, 3-Adamantane

Suppose $G$ is a graph, $A(G)$ its adjacency matrix, and $\varphi(G,\lambda)=\sum_{i=0}^{n} a_i \lambda^{n-i}$ is the characteristic polynomial of $G$. The polynomial $M(G,x)=\sum_{k \geq 0}(-1)^{k} m(G,k) x^{n-2k}$, is called the matching polynomial of $G$, where $m(G,k)$ is the number of $k-$matchings in $G$. In this paper, we consider tetrameric 1, 3-adamantane, $TA(N)$, and determine some coefficients of characteristic polynomial and matching polynomial of $TA(N)$.
The Mediating Role of Self-mastery and the Regulating Effect of Friendship Quality between Strict Parental Discipline and the Problem Behavior of Junior High School Students in China

Family education and growing psychological problems in junior high school students have raised serious concerns in recent years. This study investigated the relationship between strict parental discipline and problem behavior in junior high school students. 1,067 Junior high school students were enrolled based on several variables –strict parental discipline, self-esteem level and friendship quality –to examine problem behavior in their age group. Our study found that: (1) strict parental discipline could contribute to problem behavior in junior high school students. (2) Self-esteem plays an intermediary role between strict parental discipline and junior high school students' problem behavior; strict parenting affects junior high school students' self-esteem level and they, in turn, develop behavior problems. (3) Friendship quality plays a regulating role in the intermediary effect of self-esteem.
Feasibility of Accurate Point Cloud Model Reconstruction for Earthquake-Damaged Structures Using UAV-Based Photogrammetry

Camera-enabled unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) provide a promising technique to considerably speed up the inspection and visual data collection from regions that may otherwise be inaccessible. In addition, the technology of image-based 3D reconstruction can generate a point cloud model using images captured by UAVs. However, the performance of the point cloud modeling may be affected by multiple factors, such as the modeling software, ground control points (GCPs), and UAV flight modes. In this study, three common software packages were compared, and Pix4Dmapper was considered a suitable software for point cloud modeling for earthquake-damaged buildings. The accuracy and resolution of point cloud models are usually evaluated by root mean square error (RMSE) and ground sampling distance (GSD). The effects of the main factors, including the number of GCPs, distribution of GCPs, flight manner of the UAV, and distance from the UAV to the target, were investigated on the basis of two real-world multistory earthquake-damaged structures. The influence rules of the main factors revealed that a close range, automatic flight mode of the UAV, a large number of GCPs, and a relatively wide distribution of the GCPs may generate a point cloud model with low computational costs, high accuracy, and high resolution. In the particular illustration example here, the RMSE is 6.78 mm while the GSD is 1.60 mm. Finally, rapid structural damage inspection was demonstrated using an accurate point cloud model and compared with the inspection results of a total station and terrestrial laser scanner point cloud models. The comparison of different inspection results showed that the relative errors were relatively acceptable within 4%.
Analysis on trust influencing factors and trust model from multiple perspectives of online Auction

Abstract Current reputation models lack the research on online auction trading completely so they cannot entirely reflect the reputation status of users and may cause problems on operability. To evaluate the user trust in online auction correctly, a trust computing model based on multiple influencing factors is established. It aims at overcoming the efficiency of current trust computing methods and the limitations of traditional theoretical trust models. The improved model comprehensively considers the trust degree evaluation factors of three types of participants according to different participation modes of online auctioneers, to improve the accuracy, effectiveness and robustness of the trust degree. The experiments test the efficiency and the performance of our model under different scale of malicious user, under environment like eBay and Sporas model. The experimental results analysis show the model proposed in this paper makes up the deficiency of existing model and it also has better feasibility.