Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
of Business and Management Review

Entrepreneurship has long been perceived as a crucial determinant for economic growth. There has been a considerable upsurge in researches trying to determine the main elements driving entrepreneurship and the channel through which entrepreneurship generates economic growth; however, a global consensus has not been reached yet on theoretical, methodological and empirical levels. The basic problem arises from the choice of appropriate variables reflecting the measures of the entrepreneurial activity and institutional environment and the outcome of such measures. This study examines the relationship between entrepreneurship and economic growth as well as the determinants of entrepreneurship in an unbalanced data set for 86 countries for the period 1996-2015 by considering different measures of entrepreneurial activity (TEA and Business Density) and different institutional arrangements (Distance to Frontier, Global Competitiveness index and composite governance index). A system of simultaneous equations is adopted in order to adjust for the fact that we are not able of controlling all possible bases of endogeneity between Entrepreneurship and institutions. Results have revealed different coefficients sign and magnitude based on the measures being assessed. Our findings suggest that institutional variables have positive and significant effect on entrepreneurship measured by Business Density and the latter has also a positive effect on economic growth though the significance level differ depending on the institutional variables employed. Similar conclusions cannot be drawn for entrepreneurship measured as TEA where certain measures of institutions appeared to have e negative effect on entrepreneurship and the latter has also a negative effect on economic growth.
Structural Characterization of the Anti-Oxidant Activity of the 1-Cys Peroxiredoxin Prx2 from the Resurrection Plant Xerophyta Viscose

Xerophyta viscosa (Baker) is a monocotyledonous family Vellociacea resurrection plant in South Africa, Lesotho, and Swaziland, which takes place in the summer rainfall. In open grasslands, it lives on the rocky terrain and often experiences water shortage cycles. It tolerates the loss of 95 percent of total cellular water as a resurrection plant and recovers the full metabolic competence within 3 days of rehydration. Members of this antioxidant group were previously only isolated from the monocotyledons in higher plants. Seed peroxiredoxins has been suggested to protect tissues against reactive oxygen during drying and early soaking and/or to sustain / protect during dormancy. Despite variations of grain growth in monocots and dicots, the direction of AtPer1 displayed an expression pattern similar to the dormancy-related transcript Per1 in barley during the seed production and germination. AtPer1 is established in situ as the first aleuron-specified transcript in development of Arabidopsis seeds in in-situ hybridization. It is often expressed in the embryo is the transcript. Seed expression of Per1 in an ABA-deficient mutant (aba-1) is unaltered whereas the seed expression of an ABA-insensitive mutant (abi3-1) is decreased and so AtPer1 expression is decreased. Throughout the vegetative tissue, transcript is not caused by ABA or drought as a result of stress. AtPer1 transcribed rates, however, abundance of AtPer1 transcripts is not sufficient to show dormancy in non-dormant mutants. This can be attributed to germination concentrations of the wildlife.
Nonlinear Component Analysis as a Kernel Eigenvalue Problem

We describe a new method for performing a nonlinear form of Principal Component Anal ysis By the use of integral operator kernel functions we can e ciently compute principal components in high dimensional feature spaces related to input space by some nonlinear map for instance the space of all possible pixel products in images We give the derivation of the method along with a discussion of other techniques which can be made nonlinear with the kernel approach and present rst experimental results on nonlinear fea ture extraction for pattern recognition AS and KRM are with GMD First Forschungszentrum Informationstechnik Rudower Chaussee Berlin AS and BS were supported by grants from the Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes BS thanks the GMD First for hospitality during two visits AS and BS thank V Vapnik for introducing them to kernel representations of dot products during joint work on Support Vector machines This work pro ted from discussions with V Blanz L Bottou C Burges H B ultho K Gegenfurtner P Ha ner N Murata P Simard S Solla V Vapnik and T Vetter We are grateful to V Blanz C Burges and S Solla for reading a preliminary version of the manuscript This document is available as pub mpi memos TR ps via anonymous ftp from ftp mpik tueb mpg de or from the World Wide Web http www mpik tueb mpg de bu html
Transparency as a Quality Dimension: Media Ownership and the Challenges of (In)visibility

The principle of transparency is widely accepted as a political response to concerns about the lack of pluralism and trust in journalism. With a multidimensional character, transparency in ownership is one of the most common legal requirements. The focus on media “owners” is not new, given the impact that ownership can have on the content produced. Ownership is therefore considered essential when assessing quality in journalism. In Portugal, media ownership is subject to transparency rules, requiring disclosing information about the corporate structure and financial data overseen by the Portuguese Regulatory Authority for the Media. There is no investigation into how Portuguese media companies comply with these regulations. However, analysing it could help us understand the challenges facing independent and pluralistic journalism. Thus, this study examines how the principle of media transparency is perceived in the Portuguese market, analysing non-compliance and objections to disclosing the required information. Based on the regulatory decisions, this analysis highlights the central role of scale in adapting to the new legal framework: non-compliance with declarations or requests for secrecy emanates mainly from smaller companies, especially those owning local media or specialised magazines. Financial information is also the most critical. This data points to economic weaknesses, which may raise concerns about the media’s independence from external agents. On the other hand, the principle of visibility and transparency has not significantly impacted discussions on ownership concentration or media pluralism, indicating its insufficiency as the primary policy on media ownership.
Decentralized APIs for Web 3.0

With decentralized applications beginning to provide meaningful services in areas such as decentralized ﬁnance, there is an increasing need for these applications to receive data or trigger events using traditional Web APIs. However, the generic oracle solutions fail to appropriately address the API connectivity problem due to an over-generalized and misguided approach. To remedy this issue, API3 drives a collaborative eﬀort to create a new generation of blockchain-native, decentralized APIs, or dAPIs for short. dAPIs are composed of ﬁrst-party oracles operated by API providers, and thus are more secure and cost-eﬃcient than alternative solutions that employ middlemen. At the core of the governance, security, and value capture mechanics of this initiative will be the API3 token. Staking the token grants governing rights over the API3 DAO along with all the associated rewards. Staked API3 tokens will be used as collateral for the on-chain service coverage that will provide quantiﬁable and trustless security to dAPI users. These mechanics will remove the need for a central authority at the ecosystem level. As a result, the API3 Project will allow smart contract platforms to leverage APIs for the building of meaningful applications in a truly decentralized and trust-minimized way.
Reducing the Silicon Area Overhead of Counter-Based Rowhammer Mitigations

Modern computer memories have shown to have reliability issues. The main memory is the target of a security threat called Rowhammer, which causes bit flips in adjacent victim cells of repeatedly activated aggressor rows [1]. This issue is becoming more important as DRAM technology scales down, with the required aggressor activations to corrupt a victim going from 130k for DDR3 [1] to around 10k for the most recent LPDDR4 memories [2]. Numerous countermeasures have been proposed, implemented either in software [3], [4] or in hardware [1], [5]–[10]. Among the hardware-based proposals, some rely on probability, randomly refreshing neighbors of activated rows [1], [5], [6], while others rely on row activation counters to detect aggressor rows before acting to prevent the corruption [7]–[9]. Counter-based hardware mitigation proposals offer the lowest performance overhead, as the mechanism only acts when an aggressor is detected and does not disturb the system for harmless applications. However, they require a lot of counters to track row activations. Considering the unrealistic amount of counters needed to track every rows, those mitigation exploit different most-frequent-elements detection algorithms to reduce the number of counters needed while keeping a complete protection and a minimal false positive rate. Most of them offer a bank-level attack detection, with a separate set of counters for each bank. In this talk, We will show you that by changing the counting granularity from bank-level to rank-level, we can further reduce the total required number for counters from 20% for DDR3 to 70% for DDR5, thus reducing the silicon area and energy overheads of such mitigations.
Diet Quality as a Mediator of the Relation between Income-to-Diet Quality as a Mediator of the Relation between Income-to-Poverty Ratio and Overweight/Obesity among Adults: Poverty Ratio and Overweight/Obesity among Adults: Moderating Effect of Sex Moderating Effect of Sex

Abstract Poverty status influences obesity and dietary quality, and dietary quality influences obesity. How these relationships differ by sex is unclear. The current study aims were to 1) determine whether dietary quality mediates the relation between income-to-poverty ratio (IPR) and overweight/obesity (OV/OB) among men and women, separately, and 2) determine whether either of the mediated paths differs by sex. Four cycles of NHANES (2007-2014) were merged to obtain an unweighted study sample of 12,768 adults with complete data. Exposure variables included self-reported measures of IPR, Healthy Eating index (HEI) total score to measure diet quality, and sex. Direct assessment of height and weight was used to create OV/OB vs. normal weight categories of interest. A multiple-group moderated mediation model was conducted to evaluate the moderating effect of sex on the association between IPR and OV/OB through HEI. Covariates included age, race, marital status, education, employment, meeting physical activity recommendations, and daily sedentary time. A greater proportion of females experienced OV/OB, lower IPR, and higher HEI. The association between IPR and HEI did not differ by sex. Greater IPR was associated with lower odds of experiencing OV/OB for women and higher odds of experiencing OV/OB among men. For both males and females, HEI partially mediated the relationship between IPR and OV/OB (p < .05). While efforts to improve dietary quality of all adults regardless of income and sex is needed, improving the dietary quality of higher income men may assist with reducing their experiences with OV/ OB.
Central America Southern Pine Beetle / Fire Management Assessment

Two of the most destructive agents affecting forests in Central America are wildfires and pine bark beetles. Wildfires are a common occurrence across Central America from February through May, associated with the region’s “dry season. ” By far, the majority of these fires are caused by agricultural practices. Such practices include clearing and burning forests for shifting agriculture, burning of field stubble in preparation for planting, and burning to rejuvenate pastures for cattle grazing. In recent years, it has become apparent that this high fire frequency is contributing to several environmental and socio-economic problems including insect infestations, reduced water holding capacity, and soil erosion.
The Role of Managerial Ownership as a Mediator on the Effect of Aggressive Tax Actions on Earnings Quality

Purpose: The objectives of this study is to examine and analyze the effect of Aggressive Tax Actions on Earnings Quality in which mediated by Managerial Ownership. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework of this study is grounded in the examination of the interplay between aggressive tax actions, managerial ownership, and earnings quality. The study likely draws on existing theories in finance, taxation, and corporate governance to develop a conceptual basis for understanding how aggressive tax actions may affect both managerial ownership and, subsequently, earnings quality. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study utilizes a sample of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2019-2021 through purposive sampling method. As a result, 13 research samples were obtained for the three-year. Therefore, the total number of observations is 39. The analytical tool used is Eviews version 13 with a panel data regression approach. Findings: Aggressive tax actions determine no significant effect on earnings quality. However, a negative and significant effect is observed on managerial ownership. Managerial ownership, in turn, does not affect significantly on earnings quality. The study also explores the indirect impact of aggressive tax actions on earnings quality through managerial ownership, finding no significant effect. Research, Practical & Social implications: Practically, the findings offer guidance for financial decision-making and taxation policies in Indonesian banking companies. Socially, the study enhances transparency and accountability in the financial sector, benefiting stakeholders. Originality/Value: The study's original contribution lies in empirical exploration of the relationships between aggressive tax actions, managerial ownership, and earnings quality in the specific context of Indonesian banking companies, adding valuable insights to the existing financial literature.
Analysis of the Use of Interactive Multimedia Android Thermodynamics to Reduce Student Misconceptions

This type of research is a qualitative descriptive research. And from the data obtained, the next step is to analyze the data. After analyzing or processing the data, this research continued to look for the percentage of misconceptions and identify other indications that could cause misconceptions in accordance with the research objectives. The object of this research is the concept of thermodynamics. The research was conducted by testing the concept through a misconception test. The data that has been collected is then presented in the instrument data table. In this study, the data collection technique was carried out by using a misconception test. The research instrument used in this study was a pre-test and a post-test related to misconceptions. This misconception analysis table is used to fill in the comparison of the results of the misconceptions at the beginning and at the end, so as to get more information about the findings of the misconceptions. The technique used in this data analysis is qualitative data technique. In this study, analysis was used to find the percentage of mis-conceptions and the completeness of textbook concepts based on the syllabus, and to find out whether there were other indications that could cause misconceptions. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that the overall misconceptions experienced by students in Thermodynamics lectures at the University of Muhammadiyah Makassar experienced a decrease in misconceptions after using the android media terminology, which was in the medium category, especially for the concept of Ideal Gas, Kinetic Theory of Gas, First Law of Gas, Thermodynamics, Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy.
of Business and Management Review

Sustainability concept has evolved over the years. In recent times, several sustainability standard and practices have been developed that covers a wide range of issues. These standards are influenced by Total Quality Management (TQM). Since the development of the standards, TQM has been identified as suitable for the integration of sustainability practices since TQM focuses on meeting and exceeding customer expectations. The concept of co value creation bridges TQM and Sustainability practices. However, the influence of TQM on Sustainability practices is yet to be empirically investigated in the construction industry. This study is aimed at assessing the influence of TQM on sustainability practices in the Nigerian Construction Industry. This will be achieved by examining the relationship between each TQM and Sustainability practices. The population of this study will constitute site managers and quality control managers of selected construction organisations in Nigeria. Radom sampling technique was used to select the respondents. A structured questionnaire was designed based on five-point likert scale to answer the research question. Structural Equation Modelling using Smart Pls version 3 was used to establish the relationship between TQM and sustainability practices. The results show that strategic planning has the highest number of significant relationships with Sustainability practices and strengthening the strategic planning practice will support improved sustainability practices. The study recommends enforcement of standards that will ensure sustainability practices in Nigerian construction Organisations.
Assessing impacts of coastal warming, acidification, and deoxygenation on Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) farming: a case study in the Hinase area, Okayama Prefecture, and Shizugawa Bay, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan

Abstract. Coastal warming, acidification, and deoxygenation are progressing primarily due to the increase in anthropogenic CO2. Coastal acidification has been reported to have effects that are anticipated to become more severe as acidification progresses, including inhibiting the formation of shells of calcifying organisms such as shellfish, which include Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas), one of the most important aquaculture resources in Japan. Moreover, there is concern regarding the combined impacts of coastal warming, acidification, and deoxygenation on Pacific oysters. However, spatiotemporal variations in acidification and deoxygenation indicators such as pH, the aragonite saturation state (Ωarag), and dissolved oxygen have not been observed and projected in oceanic Pacific oyster farms in Japan. To assess the present impacts and project future impacts of coastal warming, acidification, and deoxygenation on Pacific oysters, we performed continuous in situ monitoring, numerical modeling, and microscopic examination of Pacific oyster larvae in the Hinase area of Okayama Prefecture and Shizugawa Bay in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan, both of which are famous for their Pacific oyster farms. Our monitoring results first found Ωarag values lower than the critical level of acidification for Pacific oyster larvae in Hinase, although no impact of acidification on larvae was identified by microscopic examination. Our modeling results suggest that Pacific oyster larvae are anticipated to be affected more seriously by the combined impacts of coastal warming and acidification, with lower pH and Ωarag values and a prolonged spawning period, which may shorten the oyster shipping period and lower the quality of oysters.
Image Water Ripple Detection Method Based on Constraint Convolution and Attention Mechanism

Noise can introduce irrelevant interference signals, reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of the image, weaken the contrast between the target and the background, and make it more difficult to detect the target in the image, thus increasing the difficulty of water ripple detection. Therefore, a method for image water ripple detection based on constraint convolution and attention mechanism is proposed. Using the attention mechanism for image denoising, the “attention map” is calculated from both channel and spatial aspects, and the calculated “attention map” is multiplied by the image feature map for adaptive feature learning to achieve image denoising processing. The convolutional neural network is used to extract the features of the input image. Based on feature extraction, the constrained convolution operation is applied to highlight the detailed features of water ripples. The features obtained from the constrained convolution operation are input into the support vector machine classifier for the classification and detection of water ripples. According to the relationship between the patterns and features learned by the classifier, whether the image belongs to the category of water ripples is judged, to achieve water ripple detection. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a good image denoising effect and water ripple detection effect.
Hydroxyapatite-Resin Composites Produced by Vat Photopolymerization and Post-Processing via In Situ Hydrolysis of Alpha Tricalcium Phosphate

Vat photopolymerization is an additive manufacturing technique that utilizes photosensitive resins to fabricate 3D polymeric objects with high precision. However, these objects often lack mechanical strength. This study investigated the strengthening of a resin based on epoxidized soybean oil acrylate, specifically designed for vat photopolymerization, by the in situ formation of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals. First, a stable alpha tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP)-resin feedstock mixture was developed (~30 vol.% α-TCP), which proved suitable for fabricating monoliths as well as complex triply periodic minimal surface (gyroid, diamond, and Schwarz) porous structures through vat photopolymerization. The results demonstrated that the incorporation of α-TCP particles led to a significant mechanical improvement of the resin. Second, post-printing hydrothermal treatments were utilized to transform the α-TCP particles into hydroxyapatite crystals within the resin. It was observed that the space between hydroxyapatite crystals within the composites was occupied by the cured resin, resulting in a more compact, stronger, and mechanically more reliable material than the porous hydroxyapatite produced by the hydrolysis of α-TCP mixed with water. Moreover, water absorption during the hydrothermal treatments caused the plasticization of the cured resin. As a consequence, the hydroxyapatite-resin composites displayed slightly lower mechanical properties compared to the as-printed α-TCP-resin composite.