Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dielectric Loaded Reconfigurable SIW Slot Antenna Array

A novel passive/mechanical technique is proposed in this paper, to tune the operating frequency of substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna array, by loading dielectric rods at the center of the slots as well as outside of the slots. The antenna array is designed using 3D electromagnetic simulation. Then it is fabricated and verified with measured results. The operating frequency is reconfigured with a simultaneous change in the relative permittivity of all the dielectric rods, which are fabricated in-house from the widely used substrates. For all the tuning cases, the array is maintaining good similarity in radiation patterns and with a gain of 9.3 dBi. This simple cost-effective mechanical tuning technique eliminates the use of any external DC bias circuitry, hence reducing parasitic effects and loss involved in the widely used active reconfigurable circuits. This initial investigation demonstrates a frequency tunability of 11.3 % (at X-band), which is the highest ever reported, even using active tuning techniques. This reconfigurable antenna array is developed for wideband and high-speed point-to-multipoint communication, especially in remote areas where power is very limited. Further, the proposed technique is suitable to overcome fabrication uncertainties and temperature variation in on-field post-installation tuning.
Multicommodity Network Flow for Indoor Progation Loss Prediction

Channel models are an essential tool for some communication systems. Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer, SWIPT is a widely studied topic in areas like wireless sensor networks and internet of things applications, the utilization of a prediction model in this situation can bring many benefits. Therefore, this paper proposes a propagation loss model based on Multicommodity Network Flow (MCNF) for industrial indoor environments, focused on Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer Applications. We analyze the frequencies of 2.4GHz. The proposed model showed higher adherence to the measured values than the other indoor propagation models, mainly for short and higher transmission powers.
An Ultra Low Cost Orthogonal Pattern Diversity Antenna Module for Compact mmWave 5G Mobile Devices

A wideband microstrip-fed end-fire antenna is proposed in this paper. The antenna is designed on the low-cost commercially viable FR4 substrate. The proposed antenna is electrically compact with dimensions, 2. 1λ × 0.466 λ × 0.14 λ, the free space wavelength is calculated at 28GHz. The input impedance bandwidth is 46% with reasonably high pattern integrity across the operational bandwidth. A panel mountable two port pattern diversity system with low mutual coupling is also presented.
Asymmetric Electromagnetic Absorption and Reflection Based on Transmissive Metagratings

We propose an asymmetric electromagnetic absorber and reflector design based on a transmissive printed circuit board (PCB) metagrating. By selecting the length of the supercell, the metagrating presents only the 0threflection diffraction mode and 0thtransmission diffraction mode. Then, by designing the meta-atoms composed of a microstrip capacitor and a lumped resistor on both sides of the dielectric substrate, the destructive interference between the 0threflection diffraction and specular reflection and between the 0thtransmission diffraction and direct ray transmission are achieved to realize the wave absorption effect under forward illumination. In addition, when the incident wave is incident from backward, a phenomenon of reflection is presented. The proposed structure does not contain any ground plane, which makes the design suitable for applications where the absorber should not block transmission outside the absorption band.
A Compact Dual-Polarized Antenna with Indoor/ Outdoor Localization for WPAN Applications

This paper presents a novel wideband dual-polarized antenna with indoor/outdoor localization abilities. This antenna operates in the WMTS band (1.395 GHz∼1.4 GHz) for medical services, the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) L1/E1 band (1.57 GHz) and Global Positioning System (GPS) L5 band (1.17 GHz) for outdoor localization, and an ISM band (2.45 GHz) for indoor localization. The antenna is designed with an operational bandwidth from 1.15 GHz to 2.62 GHz to avoid system failure due to frequency detuning of the antenna. Simulation results show the proposed antenna can operate with Linear-polarization at 1.4 GHz for wireless medical telemetry, and circular-polarization over 1.17, 1.57, and 2.4 GHz for localization.
A Wideband Fabry-Perot Antenna with a Bianisotropic FSS Layer

This paper presents a Fabry-Pérot cavity antenna with a wide bandwidth and high gain working in k-band. The structure includes two layers, a patch as a feeding source and a bianisotropic omega frequency selective surface (FSS) layer to increase the bandwidth, the gain, and reduce the RCS. The proposed antenna has a maximum peak gain of 14.1 dBi, with an impedance bandwidth of 22.7 % (25.76 GHz–32.13 GHz) and a 3 dB gain bandwidth of 14.1 % (26 GHz–30.61 GHz) at the center frequency of 28 GHz.
Unidirectional Patch Antenna Without an Extended Ground Plane

A novel unidirectional quasi-patch antenna is proposed whose top surface and the ground plane exhibit the same sizes. Eight metal screws are assembled on the antenna connected with the ground plane as chokes. By adding these screws, good unidirectional radiation is realized in the upper plane. A prototype is fabricated, assembled, and tested. Good impedance matching with a high front-to-back ratio (FTBR) is experimentally validated. The peak realized gain of the proposed antenna is 5.68 dBi in simulation and 4.05 dBi in the measurement. And the measured FTBR is beyond 18.5 dB at the center frequency of 2.045 GHz. The measured FTBR and realized gain demonstrate that the proposed antenna could be a good candidate for devices in the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem.
Circularly Polarized SIW Leaky-Wave Antenna with Continuous Dual-Beam Scanning

This study presents an X-band leaky-wave antenna (LWA) using the slotted substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology. It exhibits the unique characteristic of dual beams scanning with circular polarization (CP). This proposed LWA is experimentally verified, and a wide 10-dB return loss bandwidth of 27.9% is observed. With the increase of source frequency, one beam scans from -12° to 14° in the upper half-space and the other beam steers from 190° to 166° in the lower half-space. These two beams achieve the same right-handed CP throughout the scanning bandwidth. The achieved largest in-band peak gain in broadside is 10.8 dBic.
A Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface for Arbitrary mm-Wave Polarization Using Parasitic Enhancing Structures

The design of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) for mm-waves with arbitrary polarization is proposed. At mm-wave frequencies, the RF switches needed in the RIS suffer from low isolation, and therefore a parasitic enhancing structure (PES) is also proposed to improve switch performance. In the RIS element, a dual-port dual-polarized patch antenna is used for scattering. Both ports of the antenna are connected to independent phase-reconfigurable circuits based on diodes, with PES, and these can provide 180-degree phase shifts. Simulation results show that the RIS can operate effectively for two orthogonal polarized waves and therefore an arbitrarily polarized wave.
Experimental Characterization of a Low-Profile 37-dBi Gain Transmitarray for Backhauling at E-Band

A low-profile transmitarray operating at E-band (72–86 GHz) is discussed. The antenna thickness including the power divider and the radome is 58 mm. Furthermore, the flat-lens aperture is equal to 133.7 mm × 133.7 mm and the focal-to-aperture size ratio F/D is less than 0.3. The low profile has been obtained by using a specific quad-feed source. The antenna has been fabricated and characterized. In good agreement with the numerical simulations, a peak gain of 37.0 dBi and a 3-dB gain relative bandwidth larger than 17.7% have been achieved, respectively. The aperture efficiency is larger than 33%.
Toward Hyper-Compact Rotman Lenses: Meta-Transmission Line Design and Characterization

We present the design and characterization of a linear meta-transmission line (meta-TL) suitable for realizing hyper-compact Rotman lenses. Rotman lenses are true time delay beamforming networks that usually find applications in very-/ultra-high frequency systems such as satellite, radar, and unmanned aerial vehicle systems. The lenses designed using existing techniques tend to be at least $\mathbf{5}-\mathbf{6}\boldsymbol{\lambda}$ long making them infeasible for practical implementations. In this work, we propose a topology that achieves a very high degree of miniaturization by modifying the lumped element transmission line model. Specifically, by introducing mutual inductance terms between the first nearest neighbors in the lumped element model, we realize the meta-TL. The meta-TL can extend the linearity of the dispersion diagram by slowing down the wave within the line and lead to miniaturization. A 1D meta-TL has been designed, fabricated, and characterized demonstrating good transmission performance up to the cut-off frequency.
Improving Iranian High School Students’ Writing Skills through Online Dialogic Interactions: A Microgenetic Analysis

Though a mass of studies has documented the efficacy of teaching approaches, rooted in Sociocultural theory (SCT), in L2 learning, the effects of online dialogic interactions on improving high school students’ writing skills have been rarely explored in the Iranian EFL context. Thus, the present study aims to disclose how online dialogic interactions lead to the development of high school students’ writing skills. For this purpose, an intact grade 12 class was selected randomly at a state high school in Borujerd City, Iran. The students received online instruction in 11 sessions held two times a week. The interactions between the teacher and students were recorded carefully and were subjected to the microgenetic analysis approach. The findings revealed how through the dialogic interactions, the teachers offered congruent mediations tailored to the students’ needs and lacks, resulting in the improvement of their writing skills. Based on the tenets of SCT, a range of implications is presented.
Maintaining Deep Learning Model Programs to Retain Standard Accuracy with Substantial Robustness Improvement

Maintaining a deep learning (DL) model by making the model substantially more robust through retraining with plenty of adversarial examples of non-trivial perturbation strength often reduces the model’s standard accuracy. Many existing model repair or maintenance techniques sacrifice standard accuracy to produce a large gain in robustness or vice versa. This paper proposes DeepPatch, a novel technique to maintain filter-intensive DL models. To the best of our knowledge, DeepPatch is the first work to address the challenge of standard accuracy retention while substantially improving the robustness of DL models with plenty of adversarial examples of non-trivial and diverse perturbation strengths. Rather than following the conventional wisdom to generalize all the components of a DL model over the union set of clean and adversarial samples, DeepPatch formulates a novel division of labor method to adaptively activate a subset of its inserted processing units to process individual samples. Its produced model can generate the original or replacement feature maps in each forward pass of the patched model, making the patched model carry an intrinsic property of behaving like the model under maintenance on demand. The overall experimental results show that DeepPatch successfully retains the standard accuracy of all pretrained models while improving the robustness accuracy substantially. On the other hand, the models produced by the peer techniques suffer from either large standard accuracy loss or small robustness improvement compared with the models under maintenance, rendering them unsuitable in general to replace the latter.
E � ects of Modalities in Detecting Behavioral Engagement in Collaborative Game-Based Learning

Collaborative game-based learning environments have signi � cant potential for creating e � ective and engaging group learning experiences. These environments o � er rich interactions between small groups of students by embedding collaborative problem solving within immersive virtual worlds. Students often share information, ask questions, negotiate, and construct explanations between themselves towards solving a common goal. However, students sometimes disengage from the learning activities, and due to the nature of collaboration, their disengagement can propagate and negatively impact others within the group. From a teacher’s perspective, it can be challenging to identify disengaged students within di � erent groups in a classroom as they need to spend a signi � - cant amount of time orchestrating the classroom. Prior work has explored automated frameworks for identifying behavioral disen-gagement. However, most prior work relies on a single modality for identifying disengagement. In this work, we investigate the e � ects of using multiple modalities to detect disengagement behaviors of students in a collaborative game-based learning environment. For that, we utilized facial video recordings and group chat messages of 26 middle school students while they were interacting with C ���� ��� I ����� : E �� J ������� , a game-based learning environment for ecosystem science. Our study shows that the predictive accuracy of a unimodal model heavily relies on the modality of the ground truth, whereas multimodal models surpass the unimodal models, trading resources for accuracy. Our � ndings can bene � t future researchers in designing behavioral engagement detection frameworks for assisting teachers in using collaborative game-based learning within their classrooms.
Spatial Capture-Recapture

Spatial Capture-Recapture provides a comprehensive how-to manual with detailed examples of spatial capture-recapture models based on current technology and knowledge. Spatial Capture-Recapture provides you with an extensive step-by-step analysis of many data sets using different software implementations. The authors' approach is practical - it embraces Bayesian and classical inference strategies to give the reader different options to get the job done. In addition, Spatial Capture-Recapture provides data sets, sample code and computing scripts in an R package. It covers comprehensive reference on revolutionary new methods in ecology makes this the first and only book on the topic. Every methodological element has a detailed worked example with a code template, allowing you to learn by example. It includes an R package that contains all computer code and data sets on companion website.
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International Trade, Skill Premium and Endogenous Firm Organization

This paper shows theoretically and quantitatively that di⁄erences in the specialization of skilled and unskilled workers can explain the increase in the skill premium following trade liberalizations, independent of a country to be in South or in North. Production in the model requires combining perfectly substitutable low-skilled workers with imperfectly substitutable skilled workers who work in di⁄erent divisions of the (cid:133)rm. More specialized divisions make the high-skill workers more productive but at the same time setting up a new division requires paying a (cid:133)xed cost by the (cid:133)rm. I then show that in a general equilibrium setting with heterogeneous (cid:133)rms, trade cost reduction induces more productive (cid:133)rms to take advantage of this economy of scale and become more specialized. This increase in specialization increases both exporters(cid:146) productivity and their demand for high-skilled labor endogenously, resulting in a rise (cid:3)
Comparison of intensive and moderate lipid lowering with statins after acute coronary symptoms

background Lipid-lowering therapy with statins reduces the risk of cardiovascular events, but the optimal level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is unclear. methods We enrolled 4162 patients who had been hospitalized for an acute coronary syndrome within the preceding 10 days and compared 40 mg of pravastatin daily (standard therapy) with 80 mg of atorvastatin daily (intensive therapy). The primary end point was a composite of death from any cause, myocardial infarction, documented unstable angina requiring rehospitalization, revascularization (performed at least 30 days after randomization), and stroke. The study was designed to establish the noninferiority of pravastatin as compared with atorvastatin with respect to the time to an end-point event. Follow-up lasted 18 to 36 months (mean, 24). results The median LDL cholesterol level achieved during treatment was 95 mg per deciliter (2.46 mmol per liter) in the standard-dose pravastatin group and 62 mg per deciliter (1.60 mmol per liter) in the high-dose atorvastatin group (P<0.001). Kaplan–Meier estimates of the rates of the primary end point at two years were 26.3 percent in the pravastatin group and 22.4 percent in the atorvastatin group, reflecting a 16 percent reduction in the hazard ratio in favor of atorvastatin (P=0.005; 95 percent confidence interval, 5 to 26 percent). The study did not meet the prespecified criterion for equivalence but did identify the superiority of the more intensive regimen. conclusions Among patients who have recently had an acute coronary syndrome, an intensive lipidlowering statin regimen provides greater protection against death or major cardiovascular events than does a standard regimen. These findings indicate that such patients benefit from early and continued lowering of LDL cholesterol to levels substantially below current target levels.
ESTIMATING GLOBAL ROAD FATALITIES

This report indicates that in 1999 between 750,000 to 880,000 people were killed in road crashes worldwide and 23 to 34 million injured. Officially reported fatalities underestimate the true extent of the problem and examples of under-reporting of road fatalities are provided. A crude estimate of accident cost suggests a total global figure of about US$500 billion (1997). Trend data shows road deaths continuing to increase in developing regions of the world but falling in the highly motorised countries of western Europe, North America and Japan. Pedestrians are shown to be a particularly high risk group throughout Africa, Asia and the Middle East. (A)
Human-Machine Reconfigurations: Plans and situated actions (2nd edition).

Human-Machine Reconfigurations: Plans and Situated Actions (HMR) is a second edition of Suchman's Plans and Situated Actions: The Problem of Human-Machine Communication (P&SA), and this edition extends her analysis of human-machine interactions to account for recent developments in technology and theories surrounding our interactions with them. P&SA, published in 1987, had pronounced influences in human-computer interaction (HCI), artificial intelligence (AI), anthropology, and social studies of science and technology by introducing new methods for examining human-machine interaction. The original text makes up chapters 2-12 of this second edition; Suchman's updates are provided as footnotes throughout these chapters. In P&SA, Suchman argues that plans, a fundamental concept in AI and associated computer science research, are best understood not as determinates of action but as rhetorical devices for explaining action. She recommends the methods of ethnomethodology and conversation analysis for studying the relationships among humans and their machines. Her work in both editions is significant in its ability to use theories and methods from multiple disciplines to inform the problems of human-machine interaction research by using accessible real-world examples of problematic interaction and thorough theoretical explanations of those situations.
anonymizing Social Networks

Operators of online social networks are increasingly sharing potentially sensitive information about users and their relationships with advertisers, application develo pers, and data-mining researchers. Privacy is typically protect ed by anonymization, i.e., removing names, addresses, etc. We present a framework for analyzing privacy and anonymity in social networks and develop a new re-identification algorithm targeting anonymized socialnetwork graphs. To demonstrate its effectiveness on realworld networks, we show that a third of the users who can be verified to have accounts on both Twitter, a popular microblogging service, and Flickr, an online photo-sharin g site, can be re-identified in the anonymous Twitter graph with only a 12% error rate. Our de-anonymization algorithm is based purely on the network topology, does not require creation of a large number of dummy “sybil” nodes, is robust to noise and all existing defenses, and works even when the overlap between the target network and the adversary’s auxiliary informati on
The Boron & De Weer Model of Intracellular pH Regulation

The classic Boron & De Weer (1976) paper provided the first evidence of active regulation of pH} in cells by an energy-dependent acid-base transporter. These authors also developed a quantitative model --- comprising passive fluxes of acid-base equivalents across the cell membrane, intracellular reactions, and an active transport mechanism in the cell membrane (modelled as a proton pump) --- to help interpret their measurements of intracellular pH under perturbations of both extracellular CO2/HCO3- and extracellular NH3/NH4+. This Physiome paper seeks to make that model, and the experimental conditions under which it was developed, available in a reproducible and well-documented form, along with a software implementation that makes the model easy to use and understand. We have also taken the opportunity to update some of the units used in the original paper, and to provide a few parameter values that were missing in the original paper. Finally, we provide an historical background to the Boron & De Weer (1976) proposal for active pH regulation and a commentary on subsequent work that has enriched our understanding of this most basic aspect of cellular physiology.
Multi-view Self-supervised Disentanglement for General Image Denoising (Supplementary Material

This document provides supplementary materials for the main paper. Specifically, Section 2 presents thorough details of the model training used in our experiments followed by an ablation study of parameters. The supplemental denoising quantitative evaluation is presented in Section 3. Section 4 explores more low-level applications, including image super-resolution and inpainting, with comparison to the proposed MeD. Section 5 and Section 6 provide further details regarding the datasets used in our research and the methods for synthesising noise and downscale corruption. Finally, we present more qualitative results, with comparison to other methods, in Section 7.