Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of dead space on breakdown probability in Geiger mode avalanche photodiode

The breakdown probability in a single-photon avalanche diode is calculated using a technique formulated by McIntyre that allows for dead space in impact ionization. Breakdown probability increases faster with overbias ratio when the dead space of impact ionizing carriers occupies a larger fraction of the avalanche region width and when the enabled ionization coefficients are more dissimilar. As the avalanche region width, and hence the operating electric field, changes, these effects may compete and partially cancel.
On Martingale Measures for Stochastic Processes with Independent Increments

We consider a special semimartingale X with independent increments and prove the existence and equivalence of a local martingale measure {\bf P}$^H$ for~X, which minimizes the Hellinger process under the assumption that there exists an equivalent local martingale measure for~X. This is done under the restriction of quasi-left-continuity and boundedness of jumps of~X. Furthermore, we investigate the relation between the well-known minimal martingale measure {\bf P}$^{\min}$ and {\bf P}$^H$. It is shown that in a sense {\bf P}$^{\min}$ is an approximation of~{\bf P}$^H$.
Master Thesis Proposal Learning with Total Graph Variation

Graph structures naturally arise in applications of various domains such as biology, social sciences and logistics. The ability to construct graphs from pairwise relations between nodes makes them a flexible and powerful model for problems that exhibit complex structures. Another benefit of this local definition is its inherent scalability that enables the handling of large data quantities. For example complex social networks can be constructed solely from the information whether or not any two individuals are befriended. The resulting network can then be utilized to perform powerful inference tasks such as estimating political or consumer preferences or evaluating possible scenarios of epidemiological disease propagation. Another omnipresent task in machine learning is to separate networks into partitions that reflect similarity within and dissimilarity across them. This partitioning process is termed clustering or community detection and is substantial prerequisite in big data analysis [DM20]. Clustering on weighted graphs can be formulated as a minimum graph cut problem (ie. finding a set of edges with minimum weight that separates the cluster from the remaining graph). To avoid degenerate solutions (eg. clusters consisting of isolated vertices) usually an additional constraint that enforces reasonable cluster sizes is added to the problem. However, the resulting combinatorial minimization problem is NP-hard. In order to still be able to efficiently cluster large graphs a common approach is to relax the discrete problem setting to allow real valued cluster labels. The solution is then obtained by the eigenvectors of the relaxed problem and the methods are hence grouped under the term spectral clustering [VL07].
Influence of Mn Doping on the Magnetic Properties of CoFe2O4

A series of CoFe2−x Mn x O4 ceramics were synthesized successfully by conventional solid state reaction. The X-ray diffraction analysis proved that all samples were found to have a cubic spinel structure. Diffractograms were used for Rietveld refinement to determine lattice parameters, of which lattice parameter increased with increasing Mn concentration. The microstructure of the samples was studied using scanning electron microscopy. The vibrating sample magnetometer measurements showed that the highest saturated magnetization of 118.11 emu/g and coercivity of 46.89 Oe were observed in CoFe1.85Mn0. 15O4 ceramic. Furthermore, X-ray absorption spectra of the samples were recorded to determine the Co, Fe and Mn valence states and their preferentially sites of the spinel structure.
Point source detection based on point spread function symmetry

A new approach to designing spatial filters for the detection of point sources is presented. The technique has been developed for the detection of missiles in infrared images. A missile is generally assumed to be a point source and the image of a point source is called the point spread function (PSF). Exploiting the fact that the PSF of many systems exhibits a circular symmetry, we propose a filter implemented in two steps. First, we apply a circularly symmetrical bandpass filter to the image. Unfortunately, this filter retains the edges of extended objects. To overcome that problem, we propose, in a second stage of processing, different techniques to attenuate those edges without aftecting the point sources amplitude by noting that most of the edges appear in the magnitude of the Fourier transform of the image as a concentration of energy in spatial frequencies distributed along straight lines at different angles, whereas the Fourier transform of point sources is circularly symmetrical. We show some examples where the resulting filter attenuates significantly the extended targets while the amplitude of the point sources remains the same.
Transparent organic photodiodes stacked with electroluminescence devices

Stacked devices that consisted of transparent organic photodiodes (TOPDs) and organic electroluminescence devices (OELs) were demonstrated. TOPDs were prepared by poly-(2-methoxy-5- (2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene (MEH-PPV) and [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) blend films as an active layer and transparent Au cathode (10 nm thick). These TOPDs showed about 45 % transmittance on average in visible light region (380-780 nm) and good correlation between incident light intensity and output photocurrent. Based on these results, the stacked devices were prepared by introducing OELs on TOPDs through a SiO insulating layer. The structure of OELs was ITO/Carbon/TPD/Alq3/LiF/Al. These stacked devices work as light emitting devices and also photo diodes. Since TOPDs have transparency, OELs can illuminate a paper put on the glass substrate through TOPDs and TOPDs can receive reflective light from the paper. Although the TOPDs also absorb light from OELs directly, the output signals from TOPDs changed according to the black and white pattern of the paper. These results show that the devices act as an image sensor having light emitting layer and light receiving layer in a same area.
Singularity‐avoiding swing‐up control for underactuated three‐link gymnast robot using virtual coupling between control torques

An underactuated three‐link gymnast robot (UTGR) is a simple model of a gymnast on a high bar. The control objective of a UTGR is to swing it up from a point near the straight‐down position and to stabilize it at the straight‐up position. To achieve this, we first divide the motion space into two subspaces, swing‐up area and balancing area, and design a controller for each. The design of a swing‐up control law that ensures that the UTGR enters the balancing area is crucial because the UTGR is subject to a nonholonomic constraint and is highly nonlinear during the swing‐up motion. This study focused on how to design a swing‐up control law that contains no singularities. The key concept is the introduction of a virtual coupling between control torques, which converts the problem of avoiding singularities to one of imposing constraints on the parameters of the control law and properly selecting those parameters. A swing‐up control law thus designed ensures that the UTGR enters the balancing area in a natural stretched‐out posture. This makes it easy to stabilize the UTGR in the balancing area. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spatial Transcriptomics Dimensionality Reduction using Wavelet Bases

Background: Spatially resolved transcriptomics (ST) measures gene expression along with the spatial coordinates of the measurements. The analysis of ST data involves significant computation complexity. In this work, we propose a gene expression dimensionality reduction algorithm that retains spatial structure. Methods: We combine the wavelet transformation with matrix factorization to select spatially-varying genes. We extract a low-dimensional representation of these genes. We adopt an Empirical Bayes perspective, imposing regularization through the prior distribution of factor genes. Additionally, we visualize the extracted representations, providing an overview of global spatial patterns. We illustrate the performance of our methods through spatial structure recovery and gene expression reconstruction using a simulation and real data analysis. Results: In real data experiments, our method identifies spatial structure of gene factors and outperforms regular decomposition regarding reconstruction error. We find a connection between the fluctuation of gene patterns and wavelet estimates, and this allows us to provide smoother visualizations. We develop the package and share the workflow generating reproducible quantitative results and gene visualization. The package is available at https://github.com/OliverXUZY/waveST. Conclusions: We have proposed a pipeline for dimensionality reduction that respects spatial structure. Both simulations and real data experiments demonstrate that wavelet and shrinkage techniques show positive results in spatially resolved transcriptomics data. We highlight the idea of combining image processing techniques and statistical methods for application in a spatial genomics context
A Comprehensive Definition for ‘Operational Excellence’

The study's objective was to develop a comprehensive definition for operational excellence (OE) while identifying its attributes, most suitable theoretical lens and dimensions. Attributes of OE were collected by evaluating 32 existing definitions of OE and interviewing 30 OE experts. A focus group interview with 15 OE experts was employed to consensus on the critical attributes and tentative dimensions of OE. Content analysis was employed for data analysis. Continuous improvement of sustainable operational performance, deriving sustainable competitive advantages and implementing the operation strategy consistently and reliably were determined as the critical attributes. Based on the identified critical attributes of OE, the Resource-Based Theory (RBT) was recognized as the most applicable theory for explaining OE. Based on the identified theoretical lens and identified critical attributes, the new definition of OE involves, ‘utilization of valuable, rare, costly to imitate and nonsubstitutable resources & capabilities to execute the operations strategy consistently and reliably as the organization can achieve: a continuous improvement of the sustainable operational performance and sustainable competitive advantages while upholding the satisfaction of employees, customers, suppliers and other important stakeholders. ' Continuous improvement of sustainable operational performance and sustainable competitive advantages were determined as the possible dimensions of OE.
Classifying Constraint Satisfaction Problems A Proposal for a Bachelor’s or a Master’s Thesis

The question of P vs NP is one of the most well-studied problems in theoretical computer science and mathematics. First posed by Kurt Gödel in 1956 in personal correspondence with John von Neumann [4], this problem has seen very little progress since then. Not only is this question notoriously difficult, but it is also one of the remaining Millennium problems, and has a monetary reward of one million dollars [2]. Thus, solving P vs NP not only implies infinite fame and glory, but allows one to live a luxurious life while tackling the five remaining Millennium problems. In this thesis proposal we do not aim to solve P vs NP (although this would be most welcome), but to explore some related questions in the computational complexity of the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP). One example of such problem is the Sudoku puzzle. You are given a 9×9 board with some places containing numbers from 1 to 9. The goal is to fill out the remaining squares with the numbers of 1 to 9 so that the following constraints are satisfied: the numbers in each row, each column, and each 3× 3 box with bold edges should be different.
Barley Grass Juice Attenuates Hydrodynamic Transfection-Induced HCC Initiation in Mice

Abstract Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grass has been recognized as a functional food with a wide spectrum of health-promoting properties. Supplementation with barley grass has the potential to prevent chronic diseases, such as cancer. Here, we investigated whether barley grass could protect against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our data showed that administration of barley grass juice attenuates tumor development in a hydrodynamic gene delivery-induced model of HCC. The expression levels of the immune cell markers Ptprc and Adgre1 were upregulated in the barley grass juice-treated and normal groups, compared to those in the vehicle group in the HCC model. Immune cells (CD45+, F4/80+, and CLEC4F + iNOS + cells) infiltration in the liver increased following barley grass juice administration. Our results indicate that barley grass could be beneficial for HCC alleviation, partly by regulating immune cell infiltration. The ingredients of barley grass affect immune cell infiltration in HCC, and the detailed mechanism requires further study.
Redução da Quantidade de Itens para Estimação de Proficiência em Teste Adaptativo Computadorizado com Filtro de Kalman

Avaliações em larga escala são importantes instrumentos não só na aferição da qualidade da educação, mas também na implementação de políticas educacionais. Contudo, apesar dos últimos avanços, avaliações em larga escala tradicionais ainda enfrentam problemáticas, como o tempo demandado para as instituições receberem suas devolutivas e a quantidade de itens no teste que por vezes é exaustiva. Diante desta limitação, propõe-se a implementação de um teste adaptativo computadorizado baseado na teoria de resposta ao item com a aplicação de um filtro de Kalman para a redução de itens do teste. Com isso, pode-se reduzir cerca de 70% da quantidade necessária de itens de um teste, quando comparado a um teste tradicional.
Exploring mobile banking adoption and service quality features through user-generated content: the application of a topic modeling approach to Google Play Store reviews

PurposeThe primary purpose of this research is to analyze the online user reviews, where real customer experiences can be observed, with text mining and machine learning approaches, which are seen as a gap in the related literature. This study aims to compare the latent themes uncovered by the topic modeling approach with studies focused on both mobile banking (m-banking) adaptation and service quality features, suggest new aspects and examine the effect of latent topics on customer satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachThis study analyzed 21,526 reviews posted by customers of private and state banks operating in Türkiye. An unsupervised machine learning method, Latent Dirichlet algorithm (LDA), was conducted to reveal topics, and the distribution of all reviews was visualized with the t-SNE algorithm. Random Forest, logistic regression, k-nearest neighbors (kNN) and Naive Bayes algorithms were utilized to predict user satisfaction through the given score.FindingsIn total, 11 topics were revealed by considering user reviews based on their experience. Among these topics, perceived usefulness and convenience and time-saving are much more important in the scoring given to m-banking apps. Furthermore, in more detail, seven topics have been identified related to technical and security problems related to m-banking apps.Originality/valueThis paper is a pioneer study regarding the method used and sample size reached in the m-banking literature. The findings also provide fresh insight into the post-Covid-19 era, both academically and practically, by providing new features for mobile bank adoption.
Cyclin E/CDK2 and feedback from soluble histone protein regulate the S phase burst of histone biosynthesis

Faithful DNA replication requires that cells fine-tune their histone pool in coordination with cell-cycle progression. Replication-dependent histone biosynthesis is initiated at a low level upon cell-cycle commitment, followed by a burst at the G1/S transition, but it remains unclear how exactly the cell regulates this change in histone biosynthesis as DNA replication begins. Here, we use single-cell timelapse imaging to elucidate the mechanisms by which cells modulate histone production during different phases of the cell cycle. We find that CDK2-mediated phosphorylation of NPAT at the Restriction Point triggers histone transcription, which results in a burst of histone mRNA precisely at the G1/S phase boundary. Excess soluble histone protein further modulates histone abundance by promoting the degradation of histone mRNA for the duration of S phase. Thus, cells regulate their histone production in strict coordination with cell-cycle progression by two distinct mechanisms acting in concert.
A Simple and Accurate Modeling Method for Photovoltaic Cells Using Explicit Equations

A numerical method for determining the five-parameter model of photovoltaic cells is presented in the paper. Explicit equations are applied to analyze the relations between parameters and determine their values by optimization algorithm. Unlike previous works, the application of explicit equations and the simple algorithm make the proposed method very simple. The proposed method is validated by Shell S65 . It is found that the proposed method gives superior results not only on standard but also on operating conditions of photovoltaic cells. Considering its simplicity and accuracy the method can be applied in practice widely.
MULTIPLE DAMAGE LOCATION WITH FLEXIBILITY CURVATURE AND RELATIVE FREQUENCY CHANGE FOR BEAM STRUCTURES

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to seek efficient methods for multiple damage location in beam structures. Two methods are studied in terms of finite element model (FEM) simulations on beam structure. Firstly, a finite element model of reinforced concrete beam is established to compute changes in flexibility and flexibility curvature of the beam with various damage patterns, and sensitivities of flexibility and flexibility curvature for closely distributed damage patterns of various extents are also compared. Due to its high sensitivity to closely distributed damages, flexibility curvature is recommended for multiple damage location. Secondly, the full correlation between the relative frequency changes and the analytical frequency changes are confirmed with FEM analyses: therefore, the relative frequency changes, rather than the frequency changes themselves, are used in the multiple damage location assurance criterion (MDLAC) to increase the location efficiency. Numerous examples are presented to verify the two methods.
Canned Fish Consumption and Upper Digestive Tract Cancers

Abstract Canned fish is a widely consumed and affordable food whose effect on cancer risk has been little investigated. We studied its effect on risk of upper digestive tract cancers using data from a network of hospital-based case-control studies from Northern Italy providing information about canned fish consumption as a separate item and including a total of 946 patients with oral cavity and pharynx cancer, 304 patients with esophageal cancer, 230 patients with gastric cancer and 3273 controls. Twenty-three percent of patients with cancer of the oral cavity or pharynx and 26% of those with cancer of the stomach consumed ≥1 serving per week of canned fish, compared to 40% and 49% of the respective control group. Among cases of esophageal cancer and controls 22% consumed ≥1 serving per week of canned fish. Odds ratios for ≥1 vs <1 portion per week were 0.79 (95% Confidence Interval, CI: 0.64–0.97) for cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx, and 0.59 (95% CI: 0.41–0.86) for stomach cancer, whereas there was no inverse association with esophageal cancer. These findings suggest a favorable role of canned fish for selected upper digestive tract cancers.
UTILIZAÇÃO DA RACTOPAMINA NA MELHORIA DA PROPORÇÃO GORDURA/CARNE PROVENIENTE DA SUINOCULTURA BRASILEIRA

O Brasil se destaca como o quarto maior produtor de carne suína do mundo (3,88% do total) e com uma enorme capacidade de expansão da suinocultura por todo o território nacional, visto que mais de 65% da produção se concentra na menor região (Sul) do país e responde por mais de 90% de toda a exportação nacional. A produção de carne suína se encontra diretamente relacionada à adição de Ractopamina (RAC) a dieta alimentar dos suínos antes do seu abate. Neste trabalho foi realizado um estudo do atual estado da arte (2017-2022) em relação ao uso de RAC na suinocultura brasileira e como tal substância influencia no aumento da razão carne/gordura e espessura de outras partes comestíveis, entre as quais o lombo suíno, mesmo diante do fato da RAC ter sido proibida em mais de 160 países em função da insegurança alimentar proporcionada pelo princípio ativo. A metodologia de trabalho se constituiu em realizar uma busca por trabalhos em diferentes plataformas de pesquisa utilizando-se palavras-chaves. Os artigos encontrados foram submetidos a uma seleção a partir da leitura integral dos trabalhos que resultou na seleção de alguns a fim de estruturar o presente trabalho. Os resultados indicaram que a adição de RAC na dieta alimentar dos suínos, proporcionou um aumento na razão carne/gordura e na espessura de outras partes do suíno, tais como o lombo. Além disso, inúmeros grupos de pesquisa vêm se esforçando na busca por princípios ativos com propriedades físico-químico-biológica capaz de conferir maior segurança alimentar.
KESEJAHTERAAN PSIKOLOGIS TENAGA MEDIS DI MASA PANDEMI

This journal reviews the psychological well-being of health workers in dealing with the pandemic period due to the COVID-19 that has attacked almost all countries in the world. This study aims to determine the impact of the Covid-19 virus on the psychological condition of health workers. The sample used is 7 representatives of health workers such as midwives and nurses who work in the city of Surakarta. The sampling technique used in this research is quota sampling with data collection using interview and observation techniques. The type of research in this journal is qualitative research with a naturalist paradigm. The results of this study indicate that health workers have not fully achieved psychological well-being. There are still many of them who feel pressured in carrying out their work. The conclusion that can be drawn from this research is the need for full support from the community for health workers related to their work. If health workers achieve psychological well-being, they can work happily and calmly so that the recovery rate will increase
BAYESIAN ANALYSIS OF AUTOREGRESSIVE TIME SERIES VIA THE GIBBS SAMPLER

Abstract. Applications of the Gibbs Sampler in time series analysis are considered. We show that the sampler applies nicely to various problems in analyzing autoregressive processes and, in many cases, it enjoys certain advantages over the traditional methods. The problems considered include random level‐shift models, outliers and missing values. Real examples are used to illustrate the analysis.