Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identiﬁcation of Lunar Craters in the Chang ’e-5 Landing Region Based on Kaguya TC Morning Map

: Impact craters are extensively researched geological features that contribute to various aspects of lunar science, such as evaluating the model age, regolith thickness, etc. The method for identifying impact craters has gradually transitioned from manual c ounting to automated identiﬁ-cation. Automatic crater detection based on the digital elevation model (DEM) is commonly used to detect larger craters. However, using only DEM has limitations in discerning smaller craters (diameter < ~1 km). This study utilizes an improved Faster R-CNN algorithm and the Kaguya Terrain Camera (TC) morning map to detect small impact craters in the Chang’e-5 (CE-5) landing site. It uses model fusion to improve the precision of small crater identiﬁcation. The results show a recall rate of 96.33% and a precision value of 90.19% for craters with diameters exceeding 200 m. The model found a total of 187,101 impact craters in the CE-5 region. The spatial distribution density of impact craters with diameters ranging from 100 m to 200 m is approximately 2.5706/km 2 . For craters with diameters ranging from 200 m to 1 km, the average spatial distribution density is about 0.9016/km 2 . By the unbiased impact crater density of chronological analysis, the model age of the Im2 and Em4 geological units in the CE-5 region is 3.78 Ga and 2.07 Ga, respectively.
The Effect of Alginate Encapsulated Plant-Based Carbohydrate and Protein Supplementation on Recovery and Subsequent Performance in Athletes

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a novel alginate-encapsulated carbohydrate–protein (CHO–PRO ratio 2:1) supplement (ALG) on cycling performance. The ALG, designed to control the release of nutrients, was compared to an isocaloric carbohydrate-only control (CON). Alginate encapsulation of CHOs has the potential to reduce the risk of carious lesions. Methods: In a randomised cross-over clinical trial, 14 men completed a preliminary test over 2 experimental days separated by ~6 days. An experimental day consisted of an exercise bout (EX1) of cycling until exhaustion at W~73%, followed by 5 h of recovery and a subsequent time-to-exhaustion (TTE) performance test at W~65%. Subjects ingested either ALG (0.8 g CHO/kg/hr + 0.4 g PRO/kg/hr) or CON (1.2 g CHO/kg/hr) during the first 2 h of recovery. Results: Participants cycled on average 75.2 ± 5.9 min during EX1. Levels of plasma branched-chain amino acids decreased significantly after EX1, and increased significantly with the intake of ALG during the recovery period. During recovery, a significantly higher plasma insulin and glucose response was observed after intake of CON compared to ALG. Intake of ALG increased plasma glucagon, free fatty acids, and glycerol significantly. No differences were found in the TTE between the supplements (p = 0.13) nor in the pH of the subjects’ saliva. Conclusions: During the ALG supplement, plasma amino acids remained elevated during the recovery. Despite the 1/3 less CHO intake with ALG compared to CON, the TTE performance was similar after intake of either supplement.
Optimizing energy consumption in smart homes: Load scheduling approaches

Rising fuel prices, global warming, and environmental damage are leading to increased demand for rooftop solar energy systems connected to the power grid. The development of smart grids, modern metering systems, and energy management could promote energy conservation in households. In this study, two different meta‐heuristic optimization techniques were employed to schedule the shiftable load in suitable hours for decreasing electricity costs and minimizing peak to average ratio in a smart home while maintaining optimum user comfort. For power generation and storing energy, a grid‐connected residential load with rooftop solar panels, a battery, and an inverter is considered. First, the problem is theoretically described using a load model and an objective function, with the primary goal of reducing power costs by moving the time of usage for certain home appliances. Simulations validate the proposed strategies, which effectively reduce power costs by 4.5% by shifting the time of use, with both optimization algorithms showing similar output. The residential electricity cost before optimization was 507.12 BDT/day, which decreased to 484.33 BDT/day after optimization without compromising load turn‐off.
Relação entre a coluna torácica e a função do ombro: relação estática ou dinâmica?

Th e shoulder may infl uence the thoracic spine movement and vice versa, but there is little evidence about this relationship. Shoulder movements associated with cervical and lumbar are well described in the literature. However, there is a lack of information about the infl uence of thoracic spine and other structures on the shoulder movements. Th e aim of this study was to describe the relationship between the thoracic spine and shoulder function. It was realized a literature review in the Bireme, Pubmed, Lilacs and Science Direct database with the key-words: thoracic spine, shoulder function and thoracic movements, and their proper translations into Portuguese. Th e search covered a range of 17 years (1994-2011) and returned 566 papers. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and analysis of duplicated, remained 26 papers. It is believed that postural deformities and muscle shortening can contribute to shoulder dysfunction, but these fi ndings are not evident in experimental or well instrumented studies. Th ere is a strong correlation between functional and dynamic movements of the thoracic spine and movement patterns of the humerus and scapula. Th e physical therapy approach may address the thoracic spine in patients with shoulder pain. Key-words: thoracic wall, shoulder joint, biomechanics, disability. Recebido 2 de julho de 2010; aceito em 25 de fevereiro de 2011. Endereço para correspondência: Alan de Souza Araújo, Rua Brício Filho, 47 FDS, Guadalupe 21660-290 Rio de Janeiro RJ, Tel: (21) 8891-9751, E-mail: alanfi sio@ig.com. br Fisioterapia Brasil Volume 12 Número 2 março/abril de 2011 148
Exploring Teaching and Learning Physics in Engineering Institutions of Kathmandu District

Being a physics educator for the last two decades, the first author of this paper observed some disturbing scenarios in the educational landscape of diploma in engineering in physics theory portion. Students' academic achievements in the physics final examination conducted by Council for Technical Education and Vocational Training (CTEVT) indicated that many failed to fulfill the minimum requirements to pass the final exam or gain good grades. In addition, most students could not apply the physics principles in real-world contexts. The purpose of this study was to explore teaching and learning practices in physics theory classrooms of Kathmandu district-based diploma in engineering schools affiliated to CTEVT. The study employed a qualitative research design and was underpinned by the social constructivist learning theory. Ethnography as a research method was employed in which participant observation and unstructured interviews were used as the research tools. A purposeful sampling was carried out to conduct the research in which nine students from two engineering institutions were taken as the research participants. Data analysis was carried out by coding the raw data primarily employing N-vivo coding thus creating several categories and finally developing three major themes. The findings indicated that the classroom dialogue didn’t support the social constructivist epistemology. Thus, the findings lead to the conclusion that traditional teacher-centric practices were prevalent at those engineering institutions that might be responsible for the poor academic achievements of students.
STUDENTS-MADE TUTORIAL VIDEO AS PROJECT BASED LEARNING TO ENHANCE STUDENTS’ PRONUNCIATION SKILLS

Beberapa permasalahan dalam pengajaran pronunciation masih belum dapat diselesaikan seperti terbatasnya waktu dalam setiap sesi pembelajaran, perbedaan gaya belajar mahasiswa, dan perbedaan tingkat kemahiran bahasa Inggris siswa. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, dosen perlu menentukan sebuah proyek yang memungkinkan mahasiswa menguasai teori dan praktik dalam mata kuliah tersebut yang relevan dengan perkembangan teknologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah dan sejauh mana video tutorial buatan mahasiswa dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pengucapan siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Teknik purposive sampling diterapkan dan sembilan orang mahasiswa semester I tahun ajaran 2023/2024 dari salah satu sekolah tinggi swasta di Pekanbaru diambil sebagai sampel. Data kuantitatif diperoleh dari ujian dan data kualitatif diperoleh dari observasi, checklist, catatan lapangan, dan wawancara. Setelah menganalisis data, ditemukan bahwa video buatan siswa mampu meningkatkan keterampilan pengucapan mahasiswa. Peningkatan kemampuan mahasiswa terseut dari level “cukup” menjadi “baik” pada akhir siklus 1. Faktor yang mempengaruhi peningkatan tersebut adalah proses persiapan dan produksi video yang meningkatkan kemampuan pronunciation mereka, terutama dalam pelafazan akhiran –d /-ed dalam bahasa Inggris. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa video tutorial buatan siswa sebagai pembelajaran berbasis proyek memberikan hasil positif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan pronunciation mahasiswa.
Accuracy Analysis of SBAS Satellite Orbit and Clock Corrections using IGS Precise Ephemeris

SBAS(Satellite Based Augmentation System) provides GNSS satellite orbit and clock corrections for positioning accuracy improvement of GNSS users. In this paper, the accuracy of SBAS satellite orbit and clock corrections were analyzed by comparing with the IGS(International GNSS Service) precise ephemeris. The GPS antenna phase center offsets and the P1-C1 bias are considered for the analysis. The correction data of the US WAAS and the Japanese MSAS were analyzed. The analysis results showed that the SBAS satellite orbit and clock corrections are highly correlated. The correction data accuracy depends on the SBAS ground network size and orbit trajectories.
Current Ecological Environment Situation of Semi-arid Area of the Loess Plateau in Longdong and Countermeasure should be Taken

The paper analyses the current ecological environment situation of semi-arid area of the loess plateau in Longdong.According to the natural environment of this area, such as fragile ecological environment, serious soil erosion and shortage of water resource, some recommendation is proposed.To improve the productivity of grain, reclaiming the terrace from the sloping field could be popularized in a more wider rang; Grain for green is to protect and resume the ecological environment; The comprehensive administration of small basin should be insisted on so that soil erosion can be prevented; In addition, it’s of importance to strengthen the popularization and application of science and technology in ecological environmental improvement.To improve the environment of semi-arid area of the eastern loess plateau, some success experience should be insisted unremittingly and the countermeasure should be suitable to local conditions, in the same way, comprehensive administration policy should be adopted, which also are considered as the countermeasure.
Printed Ridge Gap Waveguide Fed Filtering Magnetoelectric Dipole Antenna Array for 5G Millimeter-Wave Applications

In this communication, a wideband filtering magnetoelectric (ME) dipole antenna without any extra filtering circuits is first proposed for millimeter-wave (MMW) applications. To improve the radiation efficiency, the printed ridge gap waveguide (PRGW) feeding network is employed. The proposed antenna mainly includes four parts: radiation patches, driven stubs, a square substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity, and a fork-shaped PRGW feeding structure. By introducing four U-shaped defected ground structures (DGSs), a radiation null can be obtained at the upper stopband. Meanwhile, two rectangular strips are added to the radiation patches, which not only widens the impedance bandwidth but also enhances the lower stopband suppression level. In addition, the roll-off rate near the lower and upper band edges can be further improved by adding four folded strips. Consequently, desired filtering characteristics are realized. For verifying, a $2\times2$ filtering ME dipole antenna array is fabricated and tested. Measurement results indicate that an impedance bandwidth ( $\vert \text { S}_{11}\vert < -10$ dB) of 23.7% can be achieved, which completely covers the 5G MMW band (24.25–29.5 GHz). Besides, an average gain is about 14.5 dBi within the frequency band of interest, whereas the level of the out-of-band radiation suppression is greater than 19.5 dB. What is more, a radiation efficiency of 95.9% is observed at 27.5 GHz.
Non Breast-Milk-Fed Very Preterm Infants Are at Increased Risk of Iron Deficiency at 4–6-Months Corrected Age: A Retrospective Population-Based Cohort Study

Iron supplementation is routinely recommended for breast-milk-fed preterm infants. However, the Canadian Pediatric Society recommends no additional iron supplementation for preterm infants fed primarily with iron-rich formula. Other pediatric societies don’t provide specific guidance on supplemental iron for formula-fed preterm infants. This study investigated how feeding type influences iron status of very preterm infants at 4–6-months corrected age (CA). A retrospective cohort study was conducted using a population-based database on all very preterm infants (<31 weeks gestational age) born in Nova Scotia, Canada from 2005–2018. Information about feeding type, iron intake from formula, supplemental iron therapy and iron status at 4–6-months CA was extracted. Iron deficiency (ID) was defined as serum ferritin <20 and <12 µg/L at 4-and 6-months CA, respectively. Of 392 infants, 107 were “breast-milk-fed” (exclusively or partially) and 285 were “not breast-milk-fed” (exclusively fed with iron-rich formula) at 4–6-months CA. Total daily iron intake was higher in the non-breast-milk-fed group (2.6 mg/kg/day versus 2.0 mg/kg/day). Despite this, 36.8% of non-breast-milk-fed infants developed ID versus 20.6% of breast-milk-fed infants. ID is significantly more prevalent in non-breast-milk-fed infants than breast-milk-fed infants despite higher iron intake. This suggests the need to revisit recommendations for iron supplementation in non-breast-milk-fed preterm infants.
Integrated Communications and Sensing in Terahertz Band: A Propagation Channel Perspective

—The rise of new requirements for future wireless systems is leading to a convergence of communication systems toward very high carrier frequencies, wide bandwidth, and massive antenna arrays. Understanding the properties of terahertz (THz) electromagnetic waves is critical for integrated communication and sensing (ISAC) system development and optimization. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate the propagation channel parameters and the applicability of terahertz electromagnetic waves for integrated communications and sensing. In doing so, we explore the new challenges and differences that arise when moving from systems operating at frequencies below the terahertz frequency bands.
Sea surface temperature anomalies along the Black Sea Region coast of Turkey (1971-2010 period)

The aim of this study is finding an answer to a question how the development and change of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies were at the Black Sea Region in Turkey between 1971 and 2010. For that purpose, SST data of Amasra, Inebolu, Sinop, Samsun, Ordu, Giresun and Hopa stations were used. Air temperature is meteorological element having a clearest effect on annual and seasonal SST anomalies. Also in winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and North Sea Hazar Pattern (NCP) and in spring North Sea Hazar Pattern (NCP) are noticeably influential. In the study area, SST anomalies showed important annual and seasonal variations. It is designated that annual average SST anomaly showed asymmetric diffusion from its values average variation aspect in all stations, form standard variation aspect it showed symmetrical in Hopa and in the others it showed asymmetric diffusion. In 1971-2010 generally SST anomalies showed decrease in Ordu and Hopa, however, it showed an increasing tendency in the other stations. The values of anomaly showed decrease in Black Sea coasts between Sinop and Hopa in spring
Tri-Band Dual-Polarized Shared-Aperture Antenna Arrays With Wide-Angle Scanning and Low Profile for 5G Base Stations

This study introduces an innovative tri-band shared-aperture antenna (TSAA) array, designed to align with the demands of current base station antennas in facilitating multi-band integration and enabling independent control. Different antenna types are utilized for each operating band, including 3-D-printed dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) for the middle bands (MB: 3.4–3.6 GHz) and high bands (HB: 5.4–5.6 GHz), and dipole antennas for the low band (LB: 1.85–2.15 GHz). The TSAA comprises a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\times 4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dipole antenna array for LB, a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2\times 7$ </tex-math></inline-formula> MB antenna array located at the edges of the aperture, and a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2\times 12$ </tex-math></inline-formula> HB antenna array at the aperture center. The LB antenna array is positioned above the HB and MB antenna arrays, providing wideband electromagnetic (EM) transparency for both HB and MB simultaneously. By exploiting the high dielectric permittivity of the DRAs, the overall array profile is miniaturized to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.13\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> represents the free-space wavelength corresponding to the central frequency of LB). At the same time, the spacing of the antenna unit meets scanning conditions for suppressing grating lobes and achieving wide-angle control of each frequency band. Additionally, adopting symmetric <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\eta $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-shaped stripline coupled feeding technology in the LB antenna effectively improves the problem of tilted radiation patterns typically observed in the HB antenna.
A New Class of High-Selectivity Bandpass Filters With Constant Bandwidth and 5:1 Bandwidth Tuning Ratio

This paper presents a design for compact bandpass filters (BPFs) that feature high selectivity. This high selectivity is achieved through the use of open-/short-circuited coupled-line segments at the filter’s input and output and a pair of symmetrical parallel-coupled lines connected to a pair of open stepped-impedance resonators (SIRs) introducing three transmission zeros (TZs) on either side of the passband. In addition, two different designs for these BPFs, one with a fixed bandwidth and one with a tunable bandwidth are also presented. The characteristics of the proposed structure are analyzed using even-, odd-mode and ABCD analyses. To enable bandwidth tuning, two varactor diodes are added to the edges of the open SIRs, allowing the TZs to be adjusted around the upper band edge. The paper includes details of two prototypes that were designed, fabricated, and tested: Filter A with a constant bandwidth that covers the entire S-band (2-4 GHz) and a 3-dB fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 60%, and Filter B with a tunable bandwidth and a 3-dB FBW that varies from 12% to 60%. The filters have been measured to have insertion loss of less than 0.8 dB for Filter A and less than 1.1 dB for Filter B throughout the passband, and return loss of greater than 16 dB and 15 dB for Filter A and B, respectively. These filters have a compact size of less than $0.113\lambda _{g}^{2}$ , and feature high selectivity with a wide 3-dB bandwidth tuning range ratio, as well as an upper stopband suppression level of more than 40 dB.
Long QT Syndrome and WPW Syndrome: A Very Rare Association between Two Causes of Sudden Cardiac Death in a Young Patient

Long QT syndrome (LQT) and WPW syndrome are causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in the young, and their association has been rarely reported. A 26-year-old woman presented with recurrent syncope. Her ECG showed a short PR interval, wide QRS (150 ms) due to a delta wave, and QT prolongation (QT 580 ms, QTc 648 ms). ECG monitoring documented recurrent salvos of a self-terminating wide QRS tachycardia, generally slightly polymorphic, sometimes with “torsade des pointes” (TdP) appearance, which were linked to the syncopal/presyncope episodes. Electrophysiologic monitoring diagnosed a right para-hisian accessory pathway with a very short ERP (240 ms baseline, <200 ms after isoproterenol). The pathway was ablated successfully. Despite QRS narrowing (80 ms), QT prolongation persisted after ablation (QT 620 ms, QTc 654 ms), with short runs of TdP, despite beta-blocker treatment, which was increased to the maximal dosage. A dual-chamber implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) was implanted. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of an association between LQT and WPW syndrome in which both conditions are associated with an increased risk of SCD.
Greater sensitivity of the circadian system of women to bright light, but not dim‐to‐moderate light

Abstract Women typically sleep and wake earlier than men and have been shown to have earlier circadian timing relative to the light/dark cycle that synchronizes the clock. A potential mechanism for earlier timing in women is an altered response of the circadian system to evening light. We characterized individual‐level dose–response curves for light‐induced melatonin suppression using a within‐subjects protocol. Fifty‐six participants (29 women, 27 men; aged 18–30 years) were exposed to a range of light illuminances (10, 30, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 2000 lux) using melatonin suppression relative to a dim control (<1 lux) as a marker of light sensitivity. Women were free from hormonal contraception. To examine the potential influence of sex hormones, estradiol and progesterone was examined in women and testosterone was examined in a subset of men. Menstrual phase was monitored using self‐reports and estradiol and progesterone levels. Women exhibited significantly greater melatonin suppression than men under the 400‐lux and 2000‐lux conditions, but not under lower light conditions (10–200 lux). Light sensitivity did not differ by menstrual phase, nor was it associated with levels of estradiol, progesterone, or testosterone, suggesting the sex differences in light sensitivity were not acutely driven by circulating levels of sex hormones. These results suggest that sex differences in circadian timing are not due to differences in the response to dim/moderate light exposures typically experienced in the evening. The finding of increased bright light sensitivity in women suggests that sex differences in circadian timing could plausibly instead be driven by a greater sensitivity to phase‐advancing effects of bright morning light.