Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accurate calibration of a fringe projection system by considering telecentricity

Fringe projection systems can be used for the measurement of complex workpiece geometries. Virtual fringe projection systems can be used for the calculation of optimal measurement strategies with respect to criteria like a minimal measurement uncertainty. This is the main field of research of the subproject B5 of the collaborative research centre 489 (CRC 489), funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG). The main task of the subproject is to develop a virtual multisensor assistance system for the calculation of workpiece adapted measurement strategies. This paper focuses on the model and calibration of the used fringe projection sensor. The sensor has to be modelled and the system parameters have to be identified by an accurate calibration procedure. The used fringe projection system has a camera lens with an object-sided telecentricity. Usually, the components projector and camera were described using a pinhole model, which does not reflect the telecentricity. This means, that the existing physical formulations and calibration procedures cannot be used, here. In this paper, the model and calibration strategy for the calculation of the system parameters are described in detail. In order to get a precise simulation model, each intrinsic and extrinsic parameter is considered. To verify the virtual model and the calibration strategy, the calibration was repeated and the standard deviation of the parameters was calculated. Furthermore an optical flat and a groove artefact will be measured and the planarity of the optical flat and the depth of the groove artefact will be determined and compared to the calibrated values.
Concentrator Photovoltaic Technologies and Market: A Critical Review

This paper offers an overview about the current status of the concentrator photovoltaic technologies and market. It highlights the potential of this technology to bring the cost of electricity to competitive levels with fossil-fuel based resources. It starts with an overview about the photovoltaic market and then it narrows its scope to describe the concentrator photovoltaic technology (CPV). Then, it goes on quantifying the world CPV capacity based on the latest industry reports released in 2010. In this paper, we estimate the current world operational CPV capacity to be 21 MW. This paper also reports a minimum installation cost as low as 3.05 $/W and a levelised cost of electricity as low as 0.14 $/kWh. Those are the minimum costs announced in 2010. One interesting conclusion of this study is that CPV systems with high concentration have a higher economic potential comparatively with low concentration CPV systems.
Planning Detention Storage for Stormwater Management

A method for estimating detention storage capacity in stormwater management is presented. A generalized storage‐overflow relationship is derived. This relationship defines real available storage (empty space in detention basin) on the positive range and overflow volumes on the negative range. By using exponential probability density functions for the independent hydrologic variables runoff volumes, runoff durations, and interevent times, and the generalized storage relationship, a new probability distribution is derived for the treatment plant overflow volumes. The new distribution provides an easy‐method for estimating the detention storage and treatment capacity for a design risk level. The methodology has the advantage that it provides easy to use preliminary planning information for stormwater management without the need for extensive simulation.
Effort to formulate voltage modulation constraints in ship-electrical systems with pulsed loads

One of the most significant power supply quality problems in ship electric networks is `voltage and frequency modulation`. It is caused by the operation of certain electric loads, known as `pulsed loads`, which require regularly or randomly repeated high power for short time intervals. To the best of the authors` knowledge, no well-based theoretical analysis of the phenomenon exists, while regarding standards, any existing constraints in the operation of pulsed loads are not properly explained. In a series of two companion papers the theoretical analysis of the phenomenon is made; the first paper investigates frequency modulation, whereas this second paper deals with the analytic estimation of voltage modulation. First the theoretical explanation of the voltage modulation is established highlighting the critical parameters affecting it. Next, a suitable constraint inequality is derived comprising several inherent parameters of the ship electric system affecting voltage modulation. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis of the particular effect of each of these system parameters is made. The proposed method can be a useful guide for setting limits via standards and a design tool for ship electric power systems enabling the performance of investigation studies of acceptable pulsed loading without the need of complicated simulation models.
An LQG/LTR approach towards piezoactuator vibration reduction with observer-based hysteresis compensation

Abstract This paper presents a SISO robust control of some lightly damped micro/nano-positioning system equipped with a piezoactuator. The adverse phenomenon of nonlinear hysteresis in the actuator is first compensated using an observer-based approach. Then an LQG/LTR method is proposed to additionally reduce vibrations affecting the system in a higher frequency range. Illustrative experimental results show a significant improvement of the closed-loop system behaviour with respect to the open-loop one.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Pancreas: A Review of the Literature

Primary squamous cell carcinoma is a particularly rare form of pancreatic cancer, comprising approximately 1% of all pancreatic malignancies, with a reported incidence range of 0.5% to 5%. This presents a clinical challenge as diagnosis, response to treatment, prognosis and outcome are relatively poorly understood compared the relatively more common pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the pancreas is typically only diagnosed once other primary sources of the tumor are excluded and histology confirms a lack of glandular component. Clinical information relating to primary squamous cell carcinoma is scant and is derived primarily from retrospective studies. Discrepancies in the reported incidence of primary squamous cell carcinoma in the literature have been attributed to erroneous categorization of adenosquamous carcinoma as primary squamous cell carcinoma, possibly leading to overestimation of incidence. Analyses of the biologic behavior of primary squamous cell carcinoma from previous reports highlights its propensity to affect older individuals, presence of metastasis at diagnosis, poor response to chemotherapeutic agents and radiation therapy and an extremely short survival period. Surgical resection is the only potential curative treatment and should be considered in all primary squamous cell carcinoma patients with resectable disease.
Particle Size Measurements Using a New Signal Processing Method

Transmission fluctuation spectrometry (TFS) is a new method for particle analysis based on the statistical fluctuations of a transmission signal. With simple optical arrangement and easy operation, the method can be applied to real-time, online measurements. The transmission signal with fluctuations are analyzed by using 1st order band-pass filters, and the experimental data in the frequency domain are obtained. The particle size distribution (PSD) and particle concentration are extracted from the experimental data with the modifed Chahine interations. It is found that the measurements using band-pass filters are of better resolution in the PSD than those with low-pass filters.
Membrane Separation Bioreactors for Wastewater Treatment

With continuing depletion of fresh water resources, focus has shifted more toward water recovery, reuse, and recycling, which require an extension of conventional wastewater treatment technologies. Downstream external factors like stricter compliance requirements for wastewater discharge, rising treatment costs, and spatial constraints necessitate renewed investigation of alternative technologies. Coupled with biological treatment processes, membrane technology has gained considerable attention due to its wide range of applicability and the performance characteristics of membrane systems that have been established by various investigations and innovations during the last decade. This article summarizes research efforts and presents a review of the how and why of their development and applications. The focus is on appraising and comparing technologies on the basis of their relative merits and demerits. Additional facts and figures, especially regarding process parameters and effluent quality, are used to evaluate primary findings on these technologies. Key factors such as loading rates, retention time, cross-flow velocities, membrane types, membrane fouling, and backwashing, etc. are some of the aspects covered. Membrane applications in various aerobic and anaerobic schemes are discussed at length. However, the emphasis is on the use of membranes as a solid/liquid separator, a key in achieving desired effluent quality. Further, technology development directions and possibilities are also explored. The review concludes with an economic assessment of the technologies because one of the key technology selection criteria is financial viability.
Attitude Dimensions and Shopping Mall Purchasing

The concept of attitude has been one of the main concept used to explain individual differences. The main objective of the study was to examine association between attitude dimensions and shopping mall purchasing and to determine the impact of advertising on shopping mall purchasing in Nepalese consumers. The present study is descriptive and analytical in nature. Structured questionnaire technique under survey approach is applied for collecting primary data with five point Likert scale questionnaire. The population of this study targeted the consumers of shopping malls in Kathmandu valley. This sample size has been derived for unknown population that is 384. The judgment sampling technique has been used in this research to make this study more inclusive and representatives. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics such as correlation analysis and Regression analysis have been used to analyze the data. The study found that the affection and behavior components are positively associated but cognition is negatively associated with shopping mall purchasing. However the study also found that advertisement has no significant impact on shopping mall purchasing.
Risk Assessment of Tuberculosis Laboratories and Biosafety Practices among Laboratory Health Workers in Two Selected States in Nigeria

Background: Occupational tuberculosis among mycobacteriology laboratory workers has received insufficient attention especially in countries with high burden of tuberculosis despite the associated greater risk than the general population. The aim of the study was to conduct a risk assessment of tuberculosis (TB) laboratories and biosafety Practices among laboratory health workers. Method: A descriptive study conducted among the laboratory health workers involved primarily in the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in two selected states in Nigeria. A semi-structured questionnaire based on tuberculosis laboratory procedure risk assessment was self-administered by consenting laboratory workers. Data obtained were based on the degree of exposure, viability of bacilli, aerosol generation, laboratory configuration, typology and fitness of the staff to work in the TB laboratory. Risk assessment of tuberculosis (TB)laboratories and biosafety practices was determined by these sets of questions and categorized into low, middle and high risk. Results: Fifty-eight (58) of the 64 laboratory health workers participated in the study. Their average age was 38.8±7.6 years and male to female ratio of 1 to 1.4 and 82.7% had worked in the TB laboratory for less than 10 years. The calculated risk for occupational TB was low 55(94.8%) and moderate 3(5.2%) without any of the respondents having high risk. With regards to laboratory practices, majority of the respondents (91.4%) did not reuse slides for smear staining, 81.0% admitted that the laboratories were well-ventilated and75% regarded their laboratories safe to work. However, pre- employment screening for TB, HIV, diabetes mellitus, and kidney disease was done in 3(5.2%), 7(12.1%), 2(3.4%) and 1(1.7%) respectively. Conclusion: The result of this study shows that the risk of laboratory health workers exposure to tuberculosis (TB) and potential hazard is low, however moreattention be given to infection control policies and pre-employment screening for TB.
Compact resonant Bragg-grating filters using submicron silicon-on-insulator(SOI) waveguide for optical communication network

This paper illustrates the design and fabrication of wavelength filters using resonant cavity which is constructed out of a phase shifted vertical side wall grating. The resonant cavity is analyzed as a Fabry-Perot resonator and the variation in cavity quality factor (Q) and transmission with respect to various grating parameters is studied. It is observed that a high Q-factor together with a high transmittivity can be obtained for this wavelength filter through optimization in grating length and reduction in the out of plane loss. Multiple phase shifts are applied in the grating to get a coupled cavity configuration so that channel isolation and spectral shape is improved. The channel wavelengths in a DWDM ITU grid C band (100GHz spacing) is simulated by varying the phase shift length of the gratings and good channel isolation with constant Q -factor and transmittivity is observed for the spectrum. The paper also explains the effective fabrication process flow for this structure on a silicon wafer through e-beam lithography and Reactive Ion Etching (RIE).
Investigation of the impact of intensive broiler rearing on local fine particulate matter concentrations

During the review and assessment of air quality process, South Norfolk Council identified that poultry rearing could be a significant source of particulate matter and therefore required more detailed study. Using standard emission data for poultry rearing dispersion modelling confirmed that there was potential for an exceedance of the UK objective for fine particulate matter (PM10). However, it was recognised that the emission data available were based on very limited information and further monitoring was required to investigate the issue fully. Accordingly, an air quality monitoring programme was set up to measure PM10 concentrations around a large broiler‐rearing facility. This used both a TEOM‐ and Partisol‐type instrument to allow direct comparison with the UK objective and to provide continuous results to use with wind direction monitoring to assist in identifying the source of particulate matter in the area. The results from the monitoring showed that an exceedance of the UK objective was unlikely, although the broiler sheds did appear to result in a significant increase in PM10 concentrations in the area, with average concentrations increasing by nearly 12 μg/m3 when the wind direction carried emissions from the sheds to the monitoring site. Given that the test site was located near a very large broiler farm, it was considered that it was unlikely that broiler‐rearing activities would result in an exceedance of the UK objective for PM10.
Calibration and display of distributed aperture sensor systems

Distributed Aperture Sensor (DAS) systems employ multiple sensors to obtain high resolution, wide angle video coverage of their local environment in order to enhance the situational awareness of manned and unmanned platforms. The images from multiple sensors must be presented to an operator in an intuitive manner and with minimal latency if they are to be rapidly interpreted and acted upon. This paper describes a display processor that generates a real-time panoramic video mosaic from multiple image streams and the algorithms for calibrating the image alignments. The architecture leverages the power of commercial graphics processing units (GPUs) in order to accelerate the image warping and display rendering, providing the operator with real-time virtual environment viewed through a virtual camera. The possibility of integrating high resolution imagery from a zoom sensor on a pan-tilt mount directly into the mosaic, introducing a 'foveal' region of high fidelity into the panoramic image is also possible.
CARDIOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF CHITOSAN-Pinus merkusii EXTRACT NANOPARTICLES AGAINST LEAD ACETATE INDUCED CARDIAC CELL DAMAGE IN RAT

This study, we investigated the role of Chitosan-Pinus merkusii extracts nanoparticle in against lead acetate-induced cardiac cell damage in rat. Chitosan-Pinus merkusii extract nanoparticle was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) . The fifty rats were divided into: control group (rats were given with distilled water); lead acetate group (rats were injected with lead acetate 15 mg/kg body weight i.p.), and the treatment group (rats were given the chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle 100mg; 200 mg; 400 mg/kg body weight orally and were injected with lead acetate 15 mg/kg BW). The blood was taken to be measured lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Creatinine Kinase-MB (CK-MB) level. Also the cardiac tissues were collected to evaluate the malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and histological evaluations of heart damage. The size of Chitosan-Pinus merkusii extract nanoparticle in the DLS was 201.8±14.6 nm, while in the SEM showed an irregular shape and rough surface. The lead acetate significant increased LDH, CKMB,MDA, and decreased SOD, GPx. Histological analysis, lead acetate also induced necrosis in the cardiac cell. However, treatment with the Chitosan-Pinus merkusii extract nanoparticle, only dose400 mg/kg BW significantly decreased LDH, CK-MB, MDA, and increased SOD, GPx levels. The Chitosan-Pinus merkusii extract nanoparticle 400 mg/kg BW also demonstrated significantly improved cardiac cell damage. From the results, it is concluded that the Chitosan-Pinus merkusii nanoparticle is a potent antioxidant in against lead acetate-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.
Advances in Intelligent Visual Surveillance Technology

With the improvement of people's security requirements,increasing the number of surveillance cameras,video surveillance by human beings is no longer suitable. Hence,intelligent visual surveillance technology emerges and becomes one of the hottest research points. In this paper,the processing of intelligent video surveillance based on human motion was divided into four categories: target detection,target tracking,object classification and recognition,and behavior analysis. Also made a detailed comprehensive review for situation of these parts,and made comprehensively summarized for the problems and difficulties which have to be resolved.
Low-power single- and double-edge-triggered flip-flops for high-speed applications

The paper presents new low-power flip-flops which are faster compared to previously proposed structures. The single-edge-triggered flip-flop, called the MHLFF (modified hybrid latch flip-flop), reduces the power dissipation of the HLFF (hybrid latch flip-flop) by avoiding unnecessary node transitions. To reduce the power consumption of the flip-flop further, the double-edge-triggered modified hybrid latch flip-flop (DMHLFF) is also proposed. The power consumption in the clock tree is reduced by halving the clock frequency of the MHLFF for the same throughput. In addition to the low power, the speed is higher while the area is not larger. The increase in the speed is achieved by lowering the number of the stack transistors in the discharge path.
Alternative systems for poultry : health, welfare and productivity

Part 1 - Introduction, Legislation, Economics and Sustainability 1. What are Alternative Systems for Poultry? 2. The Impact of Legislation and Assurance Schemes on Alternative Systems for Poultry Welfare 3. Politics and Economics Part 2 - Disease and Health 4. The Effects of Alternative Systems on Disease and Health of Poultry 5. Production Systems for Laying Hens and Broilers and Risk of Human Pathogens Part 3 - Village and Backyard Poultry 6. Introduction to Village and Backyard Poultry Production 7. Technology and Programmes for Sustainable Improvement of Village Poultry production Part 4 - Waterfowl and Game Birds 8. Production Systems for Waterfowl 9. Game Bird Breeding, Brooding and Rearing - Health and Welfare Part 5 - Laying Hens 10. Housing and Management of Layer Breeders in Rearing and Production 11. Furnished Cages for Laying Hens 12. Performance, Welfare, Health and Hygiene of Laying Hens in Non-cage Systems in Comparison with Cage Systems Part 6 - Meat Birds 13. Housing and Management of Broiler Breeders and Turkey Breeders 14. Alternative Systems for Meat Chickens and Turkeys: Production, Health and Welfare Part 7 - Challenges and Opportunities 15. Nutritional Challenges of Alternative Production Systems 16. Genotype Environment Interaction: Breeding Layers with Different Requirements for Varying Housing Systems 17. Is There a Future for Alternative Systems?
Feed for dual-band printed dipole antenna

A dual-band printed dipole antenna is proposed for WLAN applications in the 2.4 and 5.2 GHz bands. A spur line was etched on the arms of the printed dipole to achieve the dual-band operation. The printed dipole antenna with a simplified matching network is proposed. The novel simplified feed structure consists of a pair of parallel metal strips printed on the opposite sides of the dielectric substrate and connected to a 50 /spl Omega/ microstrip line with a truncated ground plane. This feeding network does not require additional transition devices, such as a T-junction, power divider, tuning stub or microstrip-to-coplanar stripline balun.
Effects of Binder Modification on Aggregate Structure and Thermovolumetric Properties of Asphalt Mixtures

Modifiers have been widely used to improve the engineering value of asphalt binders and the performance characteristics of asphalt mixtures. Recent studies have confirmed that binder modification can influence mixture performance by two mechanisms: improving the mechanical properties of the continuous phase (i.e., binder or the asphalt–mineral filler mastic) of the mixture and changing the initial or inherent aggregate structure of the mixture (i.e., aggregates’ packing). A study identifies the relative importance of these two mechanisms on the low-temperature response of asphalt mixtures by using both experimental testing and finite element model analysis. This study uses three modifications: elastomeric, plastomeric, and a combination of elastomeric and plastomeric (i.e., hybrid). The low-temperature mechanical characterization of asphalt binders and mastics are measured with the bending beam rheometer and the glass transition temperature test. Mixture performance at low temperatures is evaluated with the asphalt thermal cracking analyzer. Internal structure of the aggregates is quantified by two-dimensional imaging analysis by using the recently developed Image Processing and Analysis System. Results indicate a significant relation between indexes describing the internal structure of the aggregates and the laboratory performance indicators at low temperatures. Experimental and finite element model simulation results confirm that modification enhances mixture responses by improving the initial internal structure of the aggregates, thus allowing a more favorable distribution of thermal strains within the binder. These results suggest new opportunities to optimize mixture resistance to cracking through binder formulation.