Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diffusion induced bubble populations downstream of a partial cavity

Bubble populations downstream of stable partial cavities were examined using in-line holography, and the bubble number distribution and void fraction of the bubbly clouds were determined. The measured flux of bubbles downstream of the cavity was used to determine the diffusion rate of noncondensable gas into the cavity. Four models of gas diffusion into partial cavities from Parkin and Kermeen (1963), Brennen (1969), and Parkin and Ravindra (1993) are reviewed, and their predictions are compared with the experimentally determined mass diffusion rates. The models, which recognize a turbulent boundary layer over the cavity interface, over-predict the diffusion rate by one order of magnitude for cavities characterized by L/δ > 25.
Diabetes in Adolescents and Children in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic review

Diabetes is generally acknowledged as an emerging disease that affects nearly every population, age, and economy on the globe. The rising incidence of type I and II diabetes mellitus has drawn focus to children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to illustrate the risk factors, incidence, and complications of both forms of diabetes in children in the KSA, as well as to equate Saudi findings to international findings. A systematic review was conducted using EBSCO, Google Scholar, and PubMed to examine randomized clinical trials, retrospective investigations, and experimental studies on diabetes in Saudi Arabian adolescents and children. Recent research has shown that the prevalence of T1DM and T2DM in children and adolescents is increasing. This tragedy should be given further consideration, as risk factors must be managed. Health programs and seminars can be used to educate mothers and parents of children and teenagers who are at risk of having diabetes mellitus.
Reconciling magma‐ocean crystallization models with the present‐day structure of the Earth's mantle

Terrestrial planets are thought to experience episode(s) of large‐scale melting early in their history. Fractionation during magma‐ocean freezing leads to unstable stratification within the related cumulate layers due to progressive iron enrichment upward, but the effects of incremental cumulate overturns during MO crystallization remain to be explored. Here, we use geodynamic models with a moving‐boundary approach to study convection and mixing within the growing cumulate layer, and thereafter within the fully crystallized mantle. For fractional crystallization, cumulates are efficiently stirred due to subsequent incremental overturns, except for strongly iron‐enriched late‐stage cumulates, which persist as a stably stratified layer at the base of the mantle for billions of years. Less extreme crystallization scenarios can lead to somewhat more subtle stratification. In any case, the long‐term preservation of at least a thin layer of extremely enriched cumulates with Fe# > 0.4, as predicted by all our models, is inconsistent with seismic constraints. Based on scaling relationships, however, we infer that final‐stage Fe‐rich magma‐ocean cumulates originally formed near the surface should have overturned as small diapirs, and hence undergone melting and reaction with the host rock during sinking. The resulting moderately iron‐enriched metasomatized/hybrid rock assemblages should have accumulated at the base of the mantle, potentially fed an intermittent basal magma ocean, and be preserved through the present‐day. Such moderately iron‐enriched rock assemblages can reconcile the physical properties of the large low shear‐wave velocity provinces in the present‐day lower mantle. Thus, we reveal Hadean melting and rock‐reaction processes by integrating magma‐ocean crystallization models with the seismic‐tomography snapshot.
Bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Bloodstream Infections in A Tertiary Care Hospital Set Up

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, India 2 Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, India. 3 Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences and Research (SMS&R), Sharda University, Greater Noida, India 4 Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, India
A Review of the Impact of Pesticides Pollution on Environment Including Effects, Benefits and Control

Pesticides are substances that are used for controlling, repelling, mitigating or killing pests that are harmful to man. Some of the pesticides that have been used include but not limited to herbicides, insecticides, fungicides and rodenticides. Most of these pesticides can be grouped in three groups of pesticides namely, oregano-chloride, organo-phosphates and carbamates. Some of the characteristics of these pesticides include toxicity, persistence and bioaccumulation. The application of pesticides affects both the targeted as well as the non-targeted species including man. The parent pesticides, their degradation products together with metabolites can be harmful to the environment, ecosystem and to the human health. Due to this the aim of this study was to look into the articles studied on the impact of pesticide pollution on the environment, ecosystem as well as on human health. This was done by assessing both the benefits, effects and risks associated with the continuous use of pesticides as well as ways to mitigate the pesticides pollution problems. The methodology used in the study to look for the review articles was through the internet by going through websites which include Google, Google Scholar and PUBMED. About 70 studies were retrieved which included articles and abstracts. Books from the library with relevant information about the study were also included. The reviewed studies have revealed that there are benefits and risks as well as effects of pesticides pollution on environment. The studies have also revealed that in order to control pesticide pollution, the use of other methods of controlling pests such as integrated pest management (IPM) strategies such as biological as well as cultural could be used to control pests instead of chemical pesticides.
Localized surface plasmon resonance for improving optical absorption in core-shell Ag@TiO2 nanoparticles

: Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) has attracted extensive attention in environmental and biomedical applications, owing to its excellent chemical and photochemical stabilities, non-toxicity, and high degradation capacity. However, the wide band gap and low quantum yield of TiO 2 limit its practical applications, and it is possible to improve the optical efﬁciency and sensitivity of TiO 2 in the visible spectrum. In this work, theoretical calculations based on optical absorption in core-shell structured Ag@TiO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) combined with the surface plasmon resonance property of the core and photoactivity of the shell were investigated as a function of incident light wavelengths in visible spectrum. Shifting of wavelength, at which light was absorbed and enhanced optical absorption activity of TiO 2 NPs due to localized surface plasmon resonance excitation were clearly observed at a level greatly exceeding the value calculated for pure TiO 2 NPs. The calculated results suggest that both the interparticle distance and the diameter of Ag core in the core-shell structure of Ag@TiO 2 NPs inﬂuence the tuning and the enhancement of optical absorption spectra. These ﬁndings of enhanced optical absorption could be utilized as basic knowledge to design and synthesize Ag@TiO 2 NPs for future environmental and biomedicine applications.
Correlates of managerial variables and secondary school teachers’ job performance

This study was designed to ascertain the relationship between managerial variables and secondary school teachers’ job performance in Cross River State. To achieve the purpose of this study, two hypothesis were formulated. Ex-post Facto research design was adopted for the study. Samples of two hundred (200) teachers were randomly selected for the study through simple random sampling technique. A questionnaire based on four point Likert-type scales was developed and administered to two hundred teachers. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient Analysis was used in analyzing the data. The result of the analysis revealed that, there is a significant relationship between staff motivation, staff training and teachers’ job performance. Based on the findings and conclusion of the study, it was recommended that school managers (employers) should adopt motivational strategies and give teachers opportunities to attended trainings on regular basis.
A High-Performance and Scalable NVMe Controller Featuring Hardware Acceleration

Nonvolatile memory express (NVMe) is a high-performance and scalable PCI express (PCIe)-based interface for the host software communicating with NVMs, including NAND Flash and the storage class memories (SCMs). NVMe solid-state drives (SSDs) have been deployed in cloud platforms and data-centers for a variety of I/O intensive applications due to their performance benefits compared to SATA/SAS SSDs. Considering the design flexibility, firmware-based NVMe controllers are typically used in Flash-based NVMe SSDs but may occupy a significant portion of processor resources and power consumption to achieve high performance. Moreover, the firmware component can be a critical performance bottleneck for SCMs that are an order-of-magnitude faster than Flash. To address these challenges, hardware-accelerated NVMe controllers have emerged in both industry and academia. The commercial hardware controllers are confidential, whereas current academic studies still spare much room for architecture innovations. In this article, we propose an opensource ultralow-latency and high-throughput NVMe controller with a highly parallel, pipelined, and scalable architecture that accommodates one admin controller and multiple fully hardware-automated I/O controllers. We perform extensive empirical performance evaluations concerning the NVMe I/O size, queue depth, queue number, read-to-write ratio, and access pattern. The maximum read/write bandwidth can achieve 7.0 GB/s, accounting for 89% of the PCIe bandwidth. The 4-KB-sized read/write throughput can attain 1.7 million I/O operations per second (MIOPS), whereas the average latency is merely 2.4 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/3.2 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Compared to state-of-the-art NVMe controllers in academia, the 4-KB-sized read/write bandwidth of our controller reaches <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.2 \times /2.3\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> as high and the latency is <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$5.1 \times /4.9\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> lower.
Effects of Feeding Combinations of Soybean and Linseed Oils on Productive Performance and Milk Fatty Acid Profile in Grazing Dairy Cows

Thirty-six grazing dairy cows were used to determine the effect of combinations of soybean (SO), and linseed (LO) oils on milk production, composition and milk fatty acid (FA) profile. Treatments were a basal control diet (56% pasture, 44% concentrate) or the control diet supplemented with oils at 4% of estimated total dry matter (DM) intake. Oils were manually mixed to the concentrate in pure forms (SO100 or LO100) or in blends (%w/w) at SO75 - LO25, SO50 - LO50 and SO25 - LO75. Concentrate and oils were thoroughly consumed. Pasture intake (kg DM/cow·day) was 9.27 in control and decreased (p < 0.05) in SO25 - LO75 (8.09) and LO100 (8.98). Total DM intake (kg/cow·day) in control (16.47) increased (p < 0.05) to 17.04 in SO100 and 17.20 in SO75. Yield of fat corrected milk (4% FCM) averaged 20.73 kg in control resulting higher in SO75 (23.73 kg). Milk fat content (g/100g) in control averaged 3.40 and decreased to 2.79 in SO50-LO50 and to 3.06 in SO25 - LO75 treatments. Milk protein content was not affected and milk protein yield increased in SO100 (11%) and SO75 - LO25 (21%) over Control (0.729 kg/cow·day). Milk basal (Control) content (g/100g FA) of C12:0 (2.58), C14:0 (10.21) and C16:0 (25.69) was reduced (p < 0.05) to 1.64, 6.82 and 19.70 respectively in oil supplemented cows. Basal content of C12:0 to C16:0 averaged 38.48 g/100g FA and decreased (27.4%) after oil intake. Basal trans-10 C18:1 (0.46 g/100g FA) increased (p < 0.01) in SO100 (1.48) and SO50-LO50 (1.80). Basal level (g/100g FA) of vaccenic acid (trans-11 C18:1, VA) averaged 3.49 and increased (135%) after oil intake with maximum values observed in LO100 (8.17) and SO50 - LO50 (9.20). Rumenic acid (cis-9, trans-11 C18:2, RA) level (g/100g FA) in milk from Control cows (1.56) increased (p < 0.05) to 3.03 (SO100), 3.21 (SO75 - LO25), 3.24 (SO50 - LO50), 2.33 (SO25 - LO75) and 2.96 (LO100). Results obtained confirmed a great milk fat plasticity in response to PUFA feeding in grazing dairy cows which constitutes a very effective and easy tool in order to improve the healthy value of milk with a potential benefit to the consumer’s health. A net or conclusive response pattern over parameters that improve the healthy value of milk to soybean and linseed oils and their blends was not clearly detected. Taken together, the results suggest some advantage for the SO75:LO25 blend considering the relative costs of both oils, the positive effects on milk, fat and protein yields, the lower hypercholesterolemic FA content of milk and the increase in VA and RA content while maintaining a healthy n - 6/n - 3 ratio and very low levels of the detrimental trans-9 C18:1 and trans-10 C18:1 FA.
Multidimensional Poverty, Social Networks: Spatial Neighbourhoods on Poverty Eradication in Tumpang District, Malang Regency

Poverty is multidimensional problem of the development that cause human difficulties in accessing public facility and infrastructure. Along with target of SDGs regarding poverty alleviation, main aims of this research are measure poverty level through three dimensions – health, education and standard of living of the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), and scrutinize influential variables of the poverty through Spatial Regression Analysis whereby physical as well as social variables are put it together in the model. This research would like to propose a set of research approach on how dealing with poverty in a certain area. Area of study is Tumpang district in Malang Regency, East Java Province consist of 15 villages, wherein at about 36,61% family are receiver of the Raskin (Beras Miskin – Poor Rice) program as one of the poverty alleviations programs in Indonesia. Both field observation as well as depth interview are conducted towards 274 head of households. Result study finds out that there are five villages which have high value of MPI in Tumpang District, namely Duwet Krajan, Duwet, Benjor, Tulusbesar and Kidal, and the two dimensions – education and living standard give significant contribution to the poverty. Next, poverty in the research area has influenced by both social relations among residents within a village as well as geographical location of the nearest neighbourhoods. Then, eradication poverty is necessary to put consideration on strengthening ‘constructive’ social relations among residents through their existence community groups.
Intraocular pressure fluctuation following intravitreal dexamethasone implant and incidence of secondary ocular hypertension: a Zambian perspective

Introduction to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone biodegradable implant (DEX-I), on intraocular pressure (IOP), to determine the incidence of secondary ocular hypertension (OHT) and to analyze the IOP changes as per the treatment indication in Zambian cohort. Methods retrospective consecutive case series of patients receiving one DEX-I between January 2016 and September 2018 with a minimum follow-up of four months in a tertiary care centre in Zambia. The IOP was recorded before the injection and at 1st week, 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th month after the injection. Ocular hypertension was defined as IOP ≥ 21 mmHg or an increase of ≥ 10 mmHg from baseline. Results the effects of 122 injections given to ninety - nine patients (65 male: 65%; mean age 57.3) were included. The main indications for treatment were diabetic macular edema (DME, 52%), retinal vein occlusion (18%), post-surgical macular edema (18%) and non-infectious posterior uveitis (10%). Mean IOP before the injection was was 14.7mmHg and at 1st week, 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th months after the injection it was 14.4 (p=0.08), 16.1 (p=0.01), 17.5 (p<0.001), 15.7 (p=0.006) and 14.9 (p=0.06) mmHg, respectively. The incidence of secondary OHT was 30.32% in this cohort. Peak incidence of OHT was between 1 - 2 months, with majority of cases in DME group (75%) and 43% diabetic eyes followed by 23% non-infectious posterior uveitis cases developing OHT post injection. OHT was well managed with anti-glaucoma medications only. Conclusion DEX-I showed a good pressure tolerance in this cohort. Secondary ocular hypertension developed in one-third of patients receiving injection which was transient and successfully managed with topical anti-glaucoma medications only. Diabetic eyes are more prone to develop ocular hypertension and therefore needs close monitoring following injection.
Optical Properties of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes Doped in Acid Medium

We report a detailed study of changes in optical properties of single‐walled carbon nanotubes caused by doping in acid medium and their comparison with those induced by other doping techniques. In this work, a hydrochloric acid was added to the aqueous suspension of nanotubes wrapped with sodium cholate. Additionally to the shift and suppression of several modes in the Raman spectrum and the suppression of the first optical transition in the optical absorption spectrum, we have observed an appearance of a trion band in the photoluminescence spectrum with the energy about 0.2 eV less than the main photoluminescence band.
Throughput Optimization in Heterogeneous Swarms of Unmanned Aircraft Systems for Advanced Aerial Mobility

The ubiquitous deployment of 5G New Radio (5G NR) stimulates Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) swarm networking to evolve to achieve more imminent progress. The heterogeneous collaboration between UAS swarm enhances the complexity and the efficiency of mission complement that requires robustness, flexibility, and sustainability of throughput in UAS swarm networking. The conventional approaches mainly are based on the hierarchical architectures that are limited to satisfy the challenges of UAS swarm with high dynamics on a large scale. In this paper, we propose an optimal cell wall paradigm to enhance the throughput in heterogeneous UAS swarm networking. With the weight adjustment of each link, we map the optimization into a polyhedron scheduling problem and formula the problem into Max-min Throughput Fair Scheduling (MTFS). Further, we propose a max-min throughput algorithm to optimize the minimum throughput of cell wall paradigm. With the optimal max-min throughput, we optimize the schedule with edge-coloring to achieve global MTFS solving. The normalized MTFS shows our algorithm can achieve over 40% improvement of MTFS globally. In terms of MTFS solving, our algorithms have promising potential to improve the throughput and mitigate the incidents for multiple beams enabling of UAS in cell wall communication. With the throughput enhancement, the advanced aerial mobility of UAS swarm networking can be escalated on a large scale.
Competitiveness of Timber Floor Elements: An Assessment of Structural Properties, Production, Costs, and Carbon Emissions

As long-spanning timber floor elements attempt to achieve a meaningful market share, proof of serviceability continues to be a demanding task as international consensus remains unsettled. Initiatives to improve vibration levels are achievable, but a lack of confidence in the market is resulting in increases in margins for both manufacturers and contractors. State-of-the-art concrete alternatives are offered at less than half the price, and even though timber floors offer reduced completion costs and low carbon emissions, the market is continuously reserved. Cost reductions for timber floor elements to competitive levels must be pursued throughout the product details and in the stages of manufacturing. As new wood products are introduced to the market, solution space is increased to levels that demand computerized optimization models, which require accurate expenditure predictions. To meet this challenge, a method called item-driven activity-based consumption (IDABC) has been developed and presented in this study. The method establishes an accurate relationship between product specifications and overall resource consumption linked to finished manufactured products. In addition to production time, method outcomes include cost distributions, including labor costs, and carbon emissions for both accrued materials and production-line activities. A novel approach to resource estimation linked to assembly friendliness is also presented. IDABC has been applied to a timber component and assembly line operated by a major manufacturer in Norway and demonstrates good agreement with empirical data.
Concentration effects of chili and ginger extracts against diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.) on round cabbage

Diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.) is a major pest of cabbage and other vegetables in the Brassicaceae family. The management and control of this cosmopolitan and economic pest has been a challenge in tropical regions. Reliance on chemical insecticides have led to resistance, natural enemy suppression, contaminated residues, risks to chemical poisoning and other environmental contamination. Therefore, the need to utilize non-host spice plants is an alternative. For this study, we focus on different concentration levels of two local spice plants; (1) chili (Capsicum frutescens L.) and (2) ginger (Zingiber officinale R.). Based on previous studies, extracts from both plants have been able to reduce pest infestation in vegetables. There were nine (9) treatments (T): T1=3ml of chili extract L−1 v/v, T2=6ml of chili extract L−1 v/v, T3=9ml of chili extract L−1 v/v, T4= 3ml of ginger extract L−1 v/v, T5= 6ml of ginger extract L−1 v/v, T6= 9ml of ginger extract L−1 v/v, T7=3ml of pure water L−1 v/v, T8=6ml of pure water L−1 v/v and T9=9ml of pure water L−1 v/v. From these treatments, 6ml chili was effective in lowering the defoliation (%) and was able to produce high leaf area index (LAI) regardless of increasing rainfall. Ginger 9ml produced high LAI and low defoliation in spite of increasing rainfall. Rainfall (mm) was an important environmental factor affecting the abundance, LAI and defoliation.
Ultrasound-assisted extraction of bayberry tannin and optimization using response surface methodology

The extraction of bayberry tannins has potential to maximize the utilization of a forest waste. This study employed a four-level central composite design through response surface methodology to optimize the extraction of tannin from bayberry barks through ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). The effects of solute to solvent ratio (STSR), solvent concentration (SC), extraction time (ET), and sonication temperature (ST) on the total extraction yield of total condensed tannin (TCT yield) and total phenolic content (TPC) were investigated. The extracts were characterized with matrix-assisted laser desorption-time of flight mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOF MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The optimized condition was reached when the STSR and ST were set at 1:57.16 g/mL and 71.3%, when the ET and the ST was 39.1 min and 48.75 °C. In these conditions, the TCT yield and TPC reached their maximum values of 17.55% and 365.01 mg GAE/g, respectively. Furthermore, the polyflavonoids of bayberry tannin ranged from dimers to heptamers, which were only composed of proanthocyanidins (PC) containing galloy groups.