Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Matching method based on similarity of working trajectories

To identify whether the actual work trajectory of workers in the factory meets the predetermined work trajectory requirements, we proposed an efficient and accurate work trajectory similarity matching method. We comprehensively considered the similarity between the actual work track and the predetermined track from the two characteristics of track angle and track distance. Among them, the similarity of track rotation angle is calculated using the improved longest common subsequence algorithm, and the similarity of track distance is calculated using the improved dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm. Then the results of the similarity calculation of these two features are weighted. Finally, the weighted results are used to evaluate the similarity between the actual work track and the predetermined track, so as to judge whether the actual work track meets the requirements of the predetermined track. Experimental data show that the trajectory similarity matching algorithm in this paper has higher accuracy and efficiency than traditional DTW and other algorithms, and has higher ability to resist the interference of trajectory point evacuation than traditional DTW and other algorithms.
Ergodicity for Infinite Dimensional Systems: Invariant measures for stochastic evolution equations

Part I. Markovian Dynamical Systems: 1. General dynamical systems 2. Canonical Markovian systems 3. Ergodic and mixing measures 4. Regular Markovian systems Part II. Invariant Measures For Stochastics For Evolution Equations: 5. Stochastic differential equations 6. Existence of invariant measures 7. Uniqueness of invariant measures 8. Densities of invariant measures Part III. Invariant Measures For Specific Models: 9. Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes 10. Stochastic delay systems 11. Reaction-diffusion equations 12. Spin systems 13. Systems perturbed through the boundary 14. Burgers equation 15. Navier-Stokes equations Appendices.
Therapeutic Benefits of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Potential Mechanisms and Challenges

Abstract Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) presents as a form of acute respiratory failure resulting from non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema due to excessive alveolocapillary permeability, which may be pulmonary or systemic in origin. In the last 3 years, the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has resulted in an increase in ARDS cases and highlighted the challenges associated with this syndrome, as well as the unacceptably high mortality rates and lack of effective treatments. Currently, clinical treatment remains primarily supportive, including mechanical ventilation and drug-based therapy. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapies are emerging as a promising intervention in patients with ARDS and have promising therapeutic effects and safety. The therapeutic mechanisms include modifying the immune response and assisting with tissue repair. This review provides an overview of the general properties of MSCs and outlines their role in mitigating lung injury and promoting tissue repair in ARDS. Finally, we summarize the current challenges in the study of translational MSC research and identify avenues by which the discipline may progress in the coming years.
Vitamin D3 Metabolic Enzymes in Plateau Zokor (Myospalax baileyi) and Plateau Pika (Ochotona curzoniae): Expression and Response to Hypoxia

Simple Summary Vitamin D3 is mainly synthesized in the skin after exposure to sunlight and plays a fundamental role in the absorption of calcium and phosphate. Lithocholic acid increases intestinal calcium absorption in vitamin D-deficient rats. The plateau zokor, which lives underground throughout its life, and plateau pika are unique animal species on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. To investigate how animals that are rarely exposed to sunlight deal with the expected deficit in vitamin D3 levels and the effect of hypoxia on vitamin D3 metabolism, the levels of key biomarkers related to vitamin D3 metabolism, and the mRNA and protein levels of enzymes involved in key pathways were measured. Plateau zokor was deficient in vitamin D3 and has a higher level of lithocholic acid, but its calcium levels were within the normal range. The levels of vitamin D3 and the expression levels of vitamin D3 metabolism-related genes CYP2R1 and CYP27B1 decreased with increasing altitude in plateau pika. Plateau zokor was deficient in vitamin D3, and lithocholic acid appears to substitute it. In addition, hypoxia suppresses vitamin D3 in plateau pika by down-regulating the expression of vitamin D3 metabolism-related genes. Abstract Vitamin D3 (D3) is produced endogenously from 7-dehydrocholesterol by irradiation and is an important secosteroid for the absorption of calcium and phosphate. Lithocholic acid (LCA) increases intestinal paracellular calcium absorption in a vitamin D receptor-dependent manner in vitamin D-deficient rats. The plateau zokor (Myospalax baileyi), a strictly subterranean species, and plateau pika are endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. To verify whether the zokors were deficient in D3 and reveal the effects of hypoxia on D3 metabolism in the zokors and pikas, we measured the levels of 25(OH)D3, calcium, and LCA, and quantified the expression levels of D3 metabolism-related genes. The results showed an undetectable serum level of 25(OH)D3 and a significantly higher concentration of LCA in the serum of plateau zokor, but its calcium concentration was within the normal range compared with that of plateau pika and Sprague-Dawley rats. With increasing altitude, the serum 25(OH)D3 levels in plateau pika decreased significantly, and the mRNA and protein levels of CYP2R1 (in the liver) and CYP27B1 (in the kidney) in plateau pika decreased significantly. Our results indicate that plateau zokors were deficient in D3 and abundant in LCA, which might be a substitution of D3 in the zokor. Furthermore, hypoxia suppresses the metabolism of D3 by down-regulating the expression of CYP2R1 and CYP27B1 in plateau pika.
The proportion of state-owned shares and capacity sharing with constraints and prices in a mixed oligopoly

This study constructs an oligopoly model composed of mixed-own-ership and private enterprises, examining the equilibrium results of three cases: when two enterprises compete with sufficient capacity (Model AA), insufficient capacity and overcapacity coexist without sharing (Model IA), and sharing (Model IS). This study also explores the effects of the proportion of state-owned shares, capacity constraints, and capacity prices. The realisation conditions and impacts of capacity sharing are further analysed. The results show that the efficiency of state-owned capital affects the effects of state-owned shares on the equilibrium results. An optimal capacity price exists for the capacity provider (private enterprise). Capacity sharing can effectively allocate resources and increase profits; however, consumers and society do not necessarily benefit from it. Full privatisation and the highest proportion of state-owned shares may be the best choice for the government under certain conditions. The government can intervene in enterprises ’ capacity decision-making through subsidies to promote social welfare and realise capacity sharing simultaneously. Moreover, the government subsidises different enterprises when the proportions of state-owned shares and capacity prices are within different ranges.
A survey of the distribution of λ2.8 cm radio continuum in nearby galaxies IV. NGC 253

La galaxie spirale proche NGC 253 a ete observee a 10,7 GHz (λ2,8 cm). La morphologie radio de NGC 253 presente 3 composantes principales: une source centrale contribuant pour environ la moitie de la densite de flux totale, un disque interne brillant et un disque externe faible. L'emission thermique contribue pour environ 20% a la densite de flux 10,7 GHz totale. L'analyse de la polarisation lineaire montre que peu de lignes de champ magnetique sont orientees suivant les bras spiraux
Interference Challenges and Management in B5G Network Design: A Comprehensive Review

Beyond Fifth Generation (B5G) networks are expected to be the most efficient cellular wireless networks with greater capacity, lower latency, and higher speed than the current networks. Key enabling technologies, such as millimeter-wave (mm-wave), beamforming, Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (M-MIMO), Device-to-Device (D2D), Relay Node (RN), and Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) are essential to enable the new network to keep growing. In the forthcoming wireless networks with massive random deployment, frequency re-use strategies and multiple low power nodes, severe interference issues will impact the system. Consequently, interference management represents the main challenge for future wireless networks, commonly referred to as B5G. This paper provides an overview of the interference issues relating to the B5G networks from the perspective of HetNets, D2D, Ultra-Dense Networks (UDNs), and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Furthermore, the existing interference mitigation techniques are discussed by reviewing the latest relevant studies with a focus on their methods, advantages, limitations, and future directions. Moreover, the open issues and future directions to reduce the effects of interference are also presented. The findings of this work can act as a guide to better understand the current and developing methodologies to mitigate the interference issues in B5G networks.
Ten equivalent definitions of the fractional laplace operator

Abstract This article discusses several definitions of the fractional Laplace operator L = — (—Δ)α/2 in Rd , also known as the Riesz fractional derivative operator; here α ∈ (0,2) and d ≥ 1. This is a core example of a nonlocal pseudo-differential operator, appearing in various areas of theoretical and applied mathematics. As an operator on Lebesgue spaces ℒp (with p ∈ [1,∞)), on the space 𝒞0 of continuous functions vanishing at infinity and on the space 𝒞bu of bounded uniformly continuous functions, L can be defined, among others, as a singular integral operator, as the generator of an appropriate semigroup of operators, by Bochner’s subordination, or using harmonic extensions. It is relatively easy to see that all these definitions agree on the space of appropriately smooth functions. We collect and extend known results in order to prove that in fact all these definitions are completely equivalent: on each of the above function spaces, the corresponding operators have a common domain and they coincide on that common domain.
Organizational Barriers Towards Industry 4.0

In the last decade, researchers have given particular attention to the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), also known as Industry 4.0 (I4.0), due to its potential to improve internal processes efficiency, real-time control of their supply chains and boost competitiveness of companies regardless of their industry and size. Even agricultural sector has been experiencing a transformation leading to automation and abandonment of traditional practices. Entities willing to embrace and enjoy the benefits of 4IR need to adapt to it. Those stuck with usual business and processes risk to be inadequate for a changing environment and misfit it: they are likely to run out of business. The 4IR represents an opportunity for companies as they can increase their profits and monitor their value chain entirely. However, challenges and obstacles more or less difficult to surmount can impede and slow down the digitalization introduced by 4IR. These hurdles are of different nature ranging from strategic, human resources and operational. Operational barriers are the focus of the present paper. Through the means of a questionnaire filled out by owners and employees with managerial and non-managerial functions it was investigated (among the others) what are in order of importance the perceived main barriers of this category that obstacle them from becoming highly digitalized and complete the digitalization process. The sample comprises Slovak and Italian companies from different industries and of diverse characteristics. The survey showed that data security and financial availability are perceived to be the most important barriers of the operational barriers.
Electrocaloric and pyroelectric properties of 0.75Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3–0.25PbTiO3 single crystals

Pyroelectric and electrocaloric characterization has been determined for 0.75Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3–0.25PbTiO3 relaxor based single crystal and ceramic. Differential scanning calorimetry was used for measuring the electrocaloric response for different electric fields in the vicinity of the Curie temperature. For both ceramic and crystals the maximum activity is found to be around the transition temperature. On the other hand hysteresis loops for different temperatures were used to predict the electrocaloric effect with very good qualitative agreements with direct measurements. Pyroelectric coefficient is found to be much larger for ⟨111⟩ single crystals reaching 1300×10−6Cm−2K−1 whereas the ceramic reaches only 750×10−6Cm−2K−1. Higher pyroelectric coefficient and lower dielectric permittivity lead to outstanding figures of merits for sensors and energy harvesting, with a gain of 260% for voltage responsivity and more than 500% for energy harvesting. Although having a much larger pyroelectric activity, the elect.
A High-Frequency Online Junction Temperature Monitoring Method for SiC mosfets Based on on-State Resistance With Aging Compensation

Online junction temperature (<italic>T<sub>j</sub></italic>) monitoring is critical for high reliability operation of semiconductor devices. <sc>on</sc>-state drain-source resistance (<italic>R</italic><sub>ON</sub>) is the most widely used <italic>T<sub>j</sub></italic> indicator for SiC metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (<sc>mosfet</sc>s). However, in conventional <italic>R</italic><sub>ON</sub>-based methods, the switching frequency of the tested SiC <sc>mosfet</sc> is limited to a narrow range by the <sc>on</sc>-state voltage (<italic>V</italic><sub>ON</sub>) measuring circuit (OVMC). In other words, existing OVMC cannot match the high-frequency characteristic of SiC <sc>mosfet</sc>s. Moreover, <italic>T<sub>j</sub></italic> estimating accuracy is reduced by the aging effect because the relationship between <italic>T<sub>j</sub></italic> and <italic>R</italic><sub>ON</sub> changes with aging levels. To solve these problems, an effective online <italic>T<sub>j</sub></italic> monitoring method for SiC <sc>mosfet</sc>s is proposed based on <italic>R</italic><sub>ON</sub>. First, theoretical analysis indicates that <italic>R</italic><sub>ON</sub> is an effective indicator. Second, a high-frequency OVMC is proposed. Third, a <italic>T<sub>j</sub></italic> monitoring strategy with aging compensation is proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by online experiments. Experimental results indicate that both the accuracy and the switching frequency are improved compared with conventional <italic>R</italic><sub>ON</sub>-based methods.
Correlation of IL-17 Serum Levels with Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Degree of Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang, Indonesia

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (AR) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic and progressive systemic inflammation, in which the joints are the main target. AR has long been associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Vascular inflammation plays an important role in atherosclerosis. In AR, there is an increase in IL-17, which accelerate the formation of atherosclerosis. In Indonesia alone, there is no data that publishes the correlation between IL-17 levels with carotid IMT and the severity of AR. Methods: This type of research is a descriptive observational study with a correlation test approach. A total of 31 subjects participated in this study who were AR patients and calculated a DAS score of 28. Carotid IMT was measured by high-resolution carotid Doppler ultrasound B-mode ultrasound machine (PHILIPS, iE33) equipped with an 11 MHz linear array transducer. IL-17 was measured by the ELISA method. Data analysis was performed with a correlation test with SPSS software version 25. Results: There was a strong positive correlation between IL-17 and the degree of disease activity in AR (DAS28 score) with r = 0.657; p = 0.0001; n=31. There was no significant correlation between carotid IMT and IL-17 levels (r= 0,207; p=0,264; n=31). Conclusion: There is a strong positive correlation between IL-17 and the degree of AR disease activity. There was no significant correlation between carotid IMT and IL-17 levels.
Preparation of Solid Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (S-SNEDDS) by Co-Extrusion of Liquid SNEDDS and Polymeric Carriers—A New and Promising Formulation Approach to Improve the Solubility of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs

The present study focused on a new formulation approach to improving the solubility of drugs with poor aqueous solubility. A hot melt extrusion (HME) process was applied to prepare drug-loaded solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (S-SNEDDS) by co-extrusion of liquid SNEDDS (L-SNEDDS) and different polymeric carriers. Experiments were performed with L-SNEDDS formulations containing celecoxib, efavirenz or fenofibrate as model drugs. A major objective was to identify a polymeric carrier and process parameters that would enable the preparation of stable S-SNEDDS without impairing the release behavior and storage stability of the L-SNEDDS used and, if possible, even improving them further. In addition to commercially available (co)polymers already used in the field of HME, a particular focus was on the evaluation of different variants of a recently developed aminomethacrylate-based copolymer (ModE) that differed in Mw. Immediately after preparation, the L-SNEDDS and S-SNEDDS formulations were tested for amorphicity by differential scanning calorimetry. Furthermore, solubility and dissolution tests were performed. In addition, the storage stability was investigated at 30 °C/65% RH over a period of three and six months, respectively. In all cases, amorphous formulations were obtained and, especially for the model drug celecoxib, S-SNEDDS were developed that maintained the rapid and complete drug release of the underlying L-SNEDDS even over an extended storage period. Overall, the data obtained in this study suggest that the presented S-SNEDDS approach is very promising, provided that drug-loaded L-SNEDDS are co-processed with a suitable polymeric carrier. In the case of celecoxib, the E-173 variant of the novel ModE copolymer proved to be a novel polymeric carrier with great potential for application in S-SNEDDS. The presented approach will, therefore, be pursued in future studies to establish S-SNEDDS as an alternative formulation to other amorphous systems.
Variational Problems and Partial Differential Equations on Implicit Surfaces: The Framework and Exam

A novel framework for solving variational problems and partial differential equations for scalar and vector-valued data defined on surfaces is introduced in this paper. The key idea is to implicitly represent the surface as the level set of a higher dimensional function and to solve the surface equations in a fixed Cartesian coordinate system using this new embedding function. The equations are then both intrinsic to the surface and defined in the embedding space. This approach thereby eliminates the need for performing complicated and inaccurate computations on triangulated surfaces, as is commonly done in the literature. We describe the framework and present examples in computer graphics and image processing applications, including texture synthesis, flow field visualization, and image and vector field intrinsic regularization for data defined on 3D surfaces.
EXTERNAL, INTERNAL AND CONTINGENT FACTORS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN INDONESIA

This study examines external, internal factors, and contingency factors. The novelty of this research is in adding a contingency factor as mediation between internal and external factors on Corporate Social Responsibility. The stakeholder theory, the contingency theory, and the theory of sustainability are used as the basis for testing the framework for internal, external and contingent factors as novelties that have not been tested in various models of CSR implementation before. The number of samples totals as many as 168 companies selected using a purposive sampling technique in industrial areas in five major cities in Indonesia, namely, Jakarta, Surabaya, Medan, Makassar and Balikpapan. The research was conducted from October 11, 2021 to February 25, 2022. The respondents of this study were managers or personnel who run CSR activity programs in each company. Respondents’ answers were received by sending questionnaires through email, Google form applications, and WhatsApp. Testing research data with path analysis proves that these three factors are significant in strengthening the implementation of CSR for companies. The path analysis test value of the three factors shows that external factors have a stronger influence on the company’s CSR implementation. Thus, this finding proves that stakeholders play an important role in providing pressure to strengthen CSR implementation and agrees with the theory of sustainability.
The Mechanism of Restructuring in Geometry

Abstract : Restructuring consists of a change in the representation of the current search state, a process which breaks an impasse during problem solving by opening up new search paths. A corpus of 52 think-aloud protocols from the domain of geometry was scanned for evidence of restructuring. The data suggest that restructing is accomplished by re-parsing the geometric diagram. Knowledge and Understanding in Human Learning (KUL) is an umbrella term for a loosely connected set of activities lead by Stellan Ohlsson at the Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburg. The aim of KUL is to clarify the role of world knowledge in human thinking, reasoning,and problem solving. World knowledge consists of concepts and principles, and contrasts with facts (episodic knowledge) and with cognitive skills (procedural knowledge). The long term goal is to answer six questions: How can the concepts and principles of particular domains be identified? How are concepts and principles encoded in the mind? How are concepts and principles utilized in performance and learning? How can instruction facilitate the acquisition and utilization of concepts and principles (as opposed to episodic or procedural knowledge)?
An equation of state for dark matter

C. Fronsdal and T. J. WilcoxDepartmentofPhysicsandAstronomy,UniversityofCaliforniaLosAngelesABSTRACT Dark matter, believed to be present in many galaxies, is interpreted as ahydrodynamical system in interaction with the gravitational ﬁeld and nothing else. Anequation of state determines the mass distribution and the associated gravitational ﬁeld. Conversely, the gravitational ﬁeld can be inferred from observation of orbital velocitiesof stars in the Milky Way, in a ﬁrst approximation in which the ﬁeld is mainly due to thedistribution of dark matter. In this approximation, the equation of state is determinedby the gravitational ﬁeld via the equations of motion.The potential is an exact solution of the equations of motion in the approximationof weak ﬁelds,−∆φ∝ ρ, φ∝dfdρ,where f is the free energy density. The second equation (the integrated hydrostaticcondition) determines ρin terms of φ; the ﬁrst equation then becomes a nonlinearequation of the Emden type that issolved exactly by the chosen potential.The resulting equation of state is a simple expression that accounts for the mainfeatures of the galactic rotation curve over 6 orders of magnitude.I. IntroductionOne of the enduring problems of astrophysics is to place an upper limit on themass of a star. Let us agree from the outset that the observed mass of a sphericallysymmetric object is the asymptotic value of the function Mthat appears in the quasi-Schwartzschild metric,g