Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Validação de instrumento para identificação de variáveis que influenciam na satisfação de usuário de sistemas de informação

E reveladora a necessidade proeminente das organizacoes, quer sejam elas privadas ou publicas, de mecanismos que garantam informacoes de qualidade e de acesso rapido. Tais mecanismos, entre outras funcoes, devem assegurar a seguranca e a disponibilidade das informacoes para o usuario dessas organizacoes. Este e o trabalho dos sistemas de informacao (SI): coletar (ou recuperar), processar, armazenar e distribuir informacoes destinadas a apoiar a tomada de decisoes, a coordenacao e o controle de uma organizacao. Em funcao de sua importância para o sucesso das organizacoes, o estudo da utilizacao dos sistemas de informacao tem merecido muita atencao ha pelo menos tres decadas. Entender os fatores que verificam a utilizacao dos sistemas de informacao e estabelecer relacoes entre comportamento e atitude dos individuos como, por exemplo, o esforco percebido e o desempenho frente a tecnologia, o ajuste desta com a tarefa a ser executada e o grau de satisfacao desse usuario frente ao SI disponivel. Em decorrencia disso, esta pesquisa tem como foco principal o estudo dos fatores motivacionais que impactam a adocao de uma tecnologia. Portanto, o objeto principal deste trabalho e investigar a existencia ou nao de relacao/conexao entre os construtos esforco percebido , desempenho , da Adequacao entre Tarefa e Tecnologia e a Satisfacao do Usuario numa Instituicao de Ensino Superior (IES). O carater da pesquisa desenvolvida foi um estudo de caso. Foram aplicados 167 questionarios aos servidores publicos de uma IES que, efetivamente, utilizavam o SI para realizar suas tarefas. Os resultados apontaram para a identificacao das variaveis que influenciam na satisfacao do usuario do SI atraves do processo de analise quantitativa desenvolvido no presente trabalho.
The Value of Case Reports in Systematic Reviews from Rare Diseases. The Example of Enzyme Replacement Therapy (ERT) in Patients with Mucopolysaccharidosis Type II (MPS-II)

Background: Case reports are usually excluded from systematic reviews. Patients with rare diseases are more dependent on novel individualized strategies than patients with common diseases. We reviewed and summarized the novelties reported by case reports in mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS-II) patients treated with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Methods: We selected the case reports included in a previous meta-analysis of patients with MPS-II treated with ERT. Later clinical studies evaluating the same topic of those case reports were reported. Our primary aim was to summarize novelties reported in previous case reports. Secondary objectives analyzed the number of novelties evaluated in subsequent clinical studies and the time elapsed between the publication of the case report to the publication of the clinical study. Results: We identified 11 innovative proposals in case reports that had not been previously considered in clinical studies. Only two (18.2%) were analyzed in subsequent nonrandomized cohort studies. The other nine novelties (81.8%) were analyzed in later case reports (five) or were not included in ulterior studies (four) after more than five years from their first publication. Conclusions: Case reports should be included in systematic reviews of rare disease to obtain a comprehensive summary of the state of research and offer valuable information for healthcare practitioners.
Perceptions of Professionalism and Preferences on Social Media in 2022

changes are among the most documented and litigated side effects of these procedures, whichmay explain the increased discussion of these events in the videos we analyzed. Of note, adverse events were included in more #lasertreatment videos (11) compared with the other hashtags queried. Because more of the light and energy-based device–related videos documented products intended for at home treatment, it is possible that users perceived these devices as overall being safer compared with an in-office treatment. Our study showed that physicians created content accounts for only approximately 20% of laser, light, and energy-based device videos. In addition, none of the videos in this study mentioned operator credentials or userdependent outcomes of these devices. Previous studies have shown the higher proportion of adverse events and litigation surrounding these procedures when they are performed by nonphysicians. Despite this, regulation on device operation and oversight is not determined on a federal level and varies widely state by state. The content and style of uploads on TikTok are often aimed at a younger population and veer more toward viral and lighthearted content rather than true educational content. In contrast to other platforms such as Instagram or YouTube, TikTok’s algorithm prioritizes trending action or sound bites which can dramatically increase views and engagement. For instance, one of the most viewed videos we reviewed involved the user wearing a radiofrequency maskwhile skydiving. Another popular videowas a “duet,” in which a board-certified dermatologist reacted to an existing TikTok upload that reviewed a home light mask using a split-screen method. Although it is unlikely the average TikTok user is seeking expert opinions regarding dermatologic procedures, they are nevertheless influenced by content on the platform. By creating educational and evidence-based videos, board-certified dermatologists can increase the quality of dermatology-related content to which patients and the public are exposed. Although the length and style of videos on TikTok are not conducive to a complete discussion on procedural management and adverse events, we encourage boardcertified dermatologists on the platform to include a brief overview of risks and emphasize the value of training and credentials in maximizing procedural safety. Using tools such as specialty appropriate hashtags can also help to increase the visibility of physician-created videos. Finally, as more and more patients use social media to aid in cosmetic treatmentrelated decisions, we should remain aware of the content patients are exposed to on social media to best engage in shared decision-making regarding dermatologic procedures.
Earnings thresholds in South Africa listed enterprises: Manipulating research and developmental expenditures

Background: Research and developmental (RD) expenditure directly affects profits. Therefore, managers are likely to manipulate RD expenditure to meet earnings thresholds.Aim: This study investigates whether managers manipulate RD expenditure to meet earnings thresholds, while analysing whether the prospect theory explains this behaviour.Setting: The setting is 62 South African firms listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) studied from 2011 to 2019.Method: We collected 379 annual samples from the SP Capital IQ database and applied the earnings distribution model to estimate the effect of the prospect theory on earnings management.Results: Most South African listed enterprises have earnings above zero, or have avoided reporting earnings in decline before earnings manipulation. Furthermore, the study’s findings reveal that enterprises that have earnings above zero, or have maintained their earnings in the previous period after manipulation, are risk lovers, whereas enterprises with earnings below zero, or lower than those in the previous period, are risk averters.Conclusion: South African listed enterprises do not have a tendency to manipulate RD expenditures to achieve earnings above zero or avoid reporting declining earnings. The prospect theory also fails to explain their behaviour.Contribution: This study is the first to analyse how the prospect theory explains the behaviour of earnings manipulation by using a sample of South African listed enterprises and thereby fills a research gap.
2 Geometric Optimization Class Project : Survey on Routing in Doubling Metric Space

Finding a shortest path between any two nodes in a network have been studied over the past few decades. A lot of routing algorithms for distributed networks have been introduced. In this paper, we consider routing in a doubling metric space. The doubling dimension is defined as the minimum value of α such that any radius-r ball can be covered by at most 2 radius-(r/2) balls. Doubling metric space is a metric space which doubling dimension is a constant. If α is O(log log n), a network has a low doubling dimension. Consider a large network graph G=(V, E). It is not practical to store all the information of other nodes in every node because of the limitation of space compacity. Therefore, a node must be able to deliver a packet to another node without knowing the whole picture of the graph. The effectiveness of a routing scheme is judged based on space compacity (storage per node) and stretch (the maximum ratio between the route and the shortest path among all n possible source-destination pairs).
Survey on Offline Finger Print Verification System

The fingerprint verification, means where "verification" implies a user matching a fingerprint against a single fingerprint associated with the identity that the user claims. Biometrics can be classified into two types Behavioral (signature verification, keystroke dynamics, etc.) And Physiological (iris characteristics, fingerprint, etc.). Finger Print and signature is one of the first few biometrics used even before computers. Finger Print verification is widely studied and discussed using two approaches. On-line approach andoffline approach. Offline systems are more applicable and easy to use in comparison with on-line systems in many parts of the world however it is considered more difficult than on-line verification due to the lack of dynamic information. This paper presents about offline biometric identification method that had more attraction in recent years because of its necessity for use in daily life routines and when the Finger Print needs to be immediately verified like bank checks, biometric attendance etc. In this paper we present, features types and recent methods used for features extraction in Finger Print verification systems and approaches used for verification in Finger Print systems. Finally, we suggest new interesting ideas to be incorporated in the future.
Group size constraints may mask underlying similarities in social structure: a comparison of female elephant societies

We report on female Asian elephant social structure in Nagarahole and Bandipur National Parks (Kabini population), southern India, and examine the role of group size in affecting the outcome of social structure analysis in female elephants, which show high fission-fusion dynamics. Based on five years of data, we found the Kabini association network structured into highly modular communities that we call clans. We then modified the dataset (to obtain the Kabini 500-m dataset) to match sampling methods previously used in a study each of Asian (Uda Walawe) and African savannah (Samburu) elephants, so that network and association statistics could be compared across populations. Measures of association and network structure previously used were more similar amongst the Asian elephant populations compared to Samburu. The Samburu population formed a hierarchically-nested multilevel society whereas the Asian populations did not. However, we found hierarchical clustering levels in all three populations using Louvain community detection. Moreover, the average community sizes obtained through the Louvain method were not significantly different across populations, indicating basic similarities in social structure. Since fission-fusion dynamics allow for community members to form groups of different sizes, we examined the effect of average group size on association and network statistics. Higher average association index and degree, and lower average path length in Samburu compared to the Kabini 500-m dataset were explained by the larger average group size in Samburu. Thus, underlying similarities in the social networks of species showing fission-fusion dynamics may be obscured by differences in average group size. Significance Statement Various measures of associations and social network analyses have been used to compare social structures of different populations. We studied the social structure of female Asian elephants in a southern Indian population and compared it with those of a Sri Lankan Asian elephant population and an African savannah elephant population. We showed that, while there were social differences between the Asian and African savannah elephant populations using previous methods, there were basic similarities across all three populations using a method of network community detection. This discrepancy across analyses partly stemmed from differences in average group size between populations. Average group size in fission-fusion societies variously affected different association and network statistics, which has implications for inferences about social structure.
Chukonu: A Fully-Featured High-Performance Big Data Framework that Integrates a Native Compute Engine into Spark

Apache Spark is a widely deployed big data analytics framework that offers such attractive features as resiliency, load-balancing, and a rich ecosystem. However, there is still plenty of room for improvement in its performance. Although a data-parallel system in a native programming language significantly improves performance, it may require re-implementing many functionalities of Spark to become a full-featured system. It is desirable for native big data systems to just write a compute engine in native languages to ensure high efficiency, and reuse other mature features provided by Spark rather than re-implement everything. But the interaction between the JVM and the native world risks becoming a bottleneck. This paper proposes Chukonu, a native big data framework that re-uses critical big data features provided by Spark. Owing to our novel DAG-splitting approach, the potential Spark integration overhead is alleviated, and its even outperforms existing pure native big data frameworks. Chukonu splits DAG programs into run-time parts and compile-time parts: The run-time parts are delegated to Spark to offload the complexities due to feature implementations. The compile-time parts are natively compiled. We propose a series of optimization techniques to be applied to the compile-time parts, such as operator fusion, vectorization, and compaction, to significantly reduce the Spark integration overhead. The results of evaluation show that Chukonu has a speedup of up to 71 . 58 × (geometric mean 6 . 09 × ) over Apache Spark, and up to 7 . 20 × (geometric mean 2 . 30 × ) over pure-native frameworks on six commonly-used big data applications. By translating the physical plan produced by SparkSQL into Chukonu programs, Chukonu accelerates Spark-SQL’s TPC-DS performance by 2 . 29 × .
Nephrology, dialysis and transplantation.

within themedullais generatedbyactivetransportofsodiumchloridebythethickascendinglimbofHenle'sloop(mTAL)whichrequireslargeamounts of energy. The low oxygen content ofmedullarybloodandtheconstraintsonmedullarybloodflowimposedbytherequirementtomaintaintheconcentration gradient ensure that themTALalwaysoperatesontheedgeofhypoxia. Duringanischaemicinsult therefore critical hypoxialeadingto selective necrosis ofthe mTALreadily resultsandhasbeendemonstratedinmanyanimalmodels(for review see
OWNERSHIP AMONG SCIENCE TEACHERS

Science education is continuously changing in terms of goals, curricula and teaching methods. Such changes stem from major educational reforms and the development of new theoretical concepts related to science teaching. It has been long emphasised that the implementation of these changes in schools depends on the teachers, who need to identify with and support the innovations which are to be introduced, and to feel that change is necessary. An active involvement of teachers in the process of designing, developing and implementing innovation is one of the indicators of a sense of "ownership", which in this case can be understood as identifying with the innovation, feeling as if one is its owner. This psychological state can be achieved thanks to teachers’ investment in the innovation, and has the potential to reduce resistance and create a better climate for change. Ownership can have a considerable impact on teachers' involvement in further changes, if they notice that innovation has a positive influence on the effects of their work. Ownership also has a beneficial impact on their working environment, motivating other teachers to implement the desired change and thus helping spread the change throughout the teacher community.
CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated mutagenesis of the white gene in the tephritid pest Bactrocera tryoni

The Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt), is a polyphagous horticultural pest in Australia that is capable of causing significant damage to more than 100 different host fruits and vegetables. Chemical applications and ecological control strategies, such as the sterile insect technique (SIT), are commonly used to suppress established populations and eradicate invasive outbreaks following migration. The recently published B. tryoni draft genome provides new opportunities to identify candidate genes for targeted genome modification in order to generate advanced genetic strains for management using sterile insect strategies. Here, we demonstrate CRISPR/Cas‐mediated mutagenesis in B. tryoni through generating a series of frame‐shift mutations in the ATP‐dependent binding cassette transporter, white, causing a classic white‐eye phenotype. This work establishes methods for CRISPR/Cas genome editing in tephritids and demonstrates its potential for developing genetic sexing strains which could be used for SIT‐based pest control.
A Multi-Criteria Framework for Smart Parking Recommender System

Parking has become a real challenge in cities, especially in metros, due to exponential increase in number of vehicles. A significant amount of time wasted in locating the parking space results in traffic congestion, pollution and fuel consumption. Recommending parking spot is an important service towards intelligent transportation system. Evolution in Internet of Things (IoT), Fog and Cloud Computing, and Sensor technologies can be better utilized to explore parking details such as parking occupancy, traffic congestion in parking path etc. in real time and an efficient and effective Parking Recommender System (PRS) can be designed. Parkers may have different expectations from PRS such as walking distance between the destination and the parking spot, pricing, safety etc. Therefore, a personalized recommender system is warranted in which a parker specifies its preference to various quality parameters related to parking. Considering parkers as human being, uncertainty in decision making over the preference cannot be ruled out. This work proposes a framework for multiple quality parameters/criteria based smart parking spot recommender system. It also provides various quality parameters, related to parking, to help parkers to express their need which helps in recommendation. As the boundaries between the parametric values are not crisp, fuzzy logic is utilized in parking recommender method to handle the uncertainty in human decision making. A case study, along with sensitivity analysis, demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Modeling of Smart Cities Based on ITS Architecture

Nowadays the term Smart City is widely used and almost every city aims to become "Smart". Unfortunately, the definitions of what Smart means differ and there is not a single accepted one. Often a technocratic view is adopted and the actual goal—make city more liveable—is not kept in mind. In this paper, a new approach to initiate and develop Smart City model is provided. A unified model is one way to describe the processes within such complex and heterogeneous system as Smart City. It is based on the similarity to the well-established framework called ITS (Intelligent Transport System) architecture. First, an overview of the Smart City initiatives and key principles that often require change of the way how we think of projects is provided. Further, the objectives and approach to national ITS architectures are described and discussed, mainly aiming on its limitations for the practical use especially in the context of Smart Cities. Finally, this paper provides a guidance on how a Smart City Architecture shall be established to overcome the system complexity and to reduce its dimension in terms of volume of required data flow. The new approach is based on decentralized intelligence, where a number of processes are carried out at the level of so-called building blocks. Multi-agent systems are proposed as a design tool for the particular building blocks.
Algebraic Theory of Patterns as Generalized Symmetries

We generalize the exact predictive regularity of symmetry groups to give an algebraic theory of patterns, building from a core principle of future equivalence. For topological patterns in fully-discrete one-dimensional systems, future equivalence uniquely specifies a minimal semiautomaton. We demonstrate how the latter and its semigroup algebra generalizes translation symmetry to partial and hidden symmetries. This generalization is not as straightforward as previously considered. Here, though, we clarify the underlying challenges. A stochastic form of future equivalence, known as predictive equivalence, captures distinct statistical patterns supported on topological patterns. Finally, we show how local versions of future equivalence can be used to capture patterns in spacetime. As common when moving to higher dimensions, there is not a unique local approach, and we detail two local representations that capture different aspects of spacetime patterns. A previously developed local spacetime variant of future equivalence captures patterns as generalized symmetries in higher dimensions, but we show that this representation is not a faithful generator of its spacetime patterns. This motivates us to introduce a local representation that is a faithful generator, but we demonstrate that it no longer captures generalized spacetime symmetries. Taken altogether, building on future equivalence, the theory defines and quantifies patterns present in a wide range of classical field theories.
Profiling carbohydrate composition, biohydrogen capacity, and disease resistance in potato

Background: Potato ( Solanum tuberosum ) is one of the most important sources of carbohydrates in human diet. Because of its high carbohydrate levels it recently has also received attention in biohydrogen production. To exploit the natural variation of potato with respect to resistance to major diseases, carbohydrate levels and composition, and capacity for biohydrogen production we analyzed tubers of native, improved, and genetically modified potatoes, and two other tuberous species for their glucose, fructose, sucrose, and starch content. Results: High-starch potato varieties were evaluated for their potential for Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus -mediated biohydrogen production with Desiree and Rosita varieties delivering the highest biohydrogen amounts. Native line Vega1 and improved line Yagana were both immune to two isolates (A291, A287) of Phytophthora infestans . Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that native potato varieties might have great potential for further improving the multifaceted use of potato in worldwide food and biohydrogen production .