Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Field Studies and Modeling Exploring Mean and Maximum Water Age Association to Water Quality in a Drinking Water Distribution Network

AbstractThis paper presents the findings of an investigation into predicted/modeled water age and the associated quality characteristics within a UK drinking water distribution network to determine if there is a discernable link. The hydraulic and water quality software Aquis was used to identify water volumes of different ages, generated by localized demand patterns in pipes that are in close proximity to one another. The pipe network studied was small spatially, of a single material, and had a consistent demand attributable to serving predominately light industry, but with interesting hydraulic patterns involving loops and mixing of water volumes, and some long retention times. Field work was undertaken to obtain water quality samples from five network locations identified as containing a broad range of calculated water age. The samples were analyzed for standard regulated parameters by a UK Accreditation Service (UKAS) [formerly known as the National Measurement Accreditation Service (NAMAS)] accredite.
Surface Modification of Cotton Fibre with Functionalized Silane Coupling Agents

Vinyltriethoxysilane and 3-Glycidoxypropyl-triethoxy-silane were used for surface functionalization to provide more attention of cotton fibre in textiles. The process was carried out in ethanol-water medium which accelerates the crosslinking reaction between cotton fibre and silane monomer and was optimized carefully as a function of fibre weight gain. The purpose was to enhance the tensile strength and softness properties of the cotton, by introducing a more flexible Si-O bond between the silane coupling agents and the cotton fibre. The modification of cotton fibre enhanced the tensile strength and water repellency properties due to higher flexibility of Si-O bond and fibre matrix interfacial strength properties. The optimized condition of modification for VTES and GPTES was 400% on the weight of fibre in ethanol/water mixture (60:40) containing surfactant by maintaining pH 3.5 at 35  C for VTES and 30  C for GPTES in the fibre-liquor 0 ratio of 1:40. It was observed that swelling behavior and moisture absorption of modified cotton fibres were decreased in polar solvents whereas increased in nonpolar solvents. Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy was used to identify the incorporation of silicon-containing molecules. Energy Disperse X-ray analysis determined the quantities of atomic silicon which directly reflects its valence bond with organic moieties. Scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis were used to investigate the surface morphology and thermal behavior of the modified fibre, respectively .
Aeroelastic effects in the structural dynamic analysis of vertical axis wind turbines

Aeroelastic effects impact the structural dynamic behavior of vertical axis wind turbines (VAWRs) in two major ways. First, the stability phenomena of flutter and divergence are direct results of the aeroelasticity of the structure. Secondly, aerodynamic damping can be important for predicting response levels, particularly near resonance, but also for off-resonance conditions. The inclusion of the aeroelasticity is carried out by modifying the damping and stiffness matrices in the NASTRAN finite element code. Through the use of a specially designed preprocessor, which reads the usual NASTRAN input deck and adds appropriate cards to it, the incorporation of the aeroelastic effects has been made relatively transparent to the user. NASTRAN flutter predictions are validated using field measurements and the effect of aerodynamic damping is demonstrated through an application to the Test Bed VAWT being designed at Sandia.
DNA

Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repairs DNA double strand breaks in non-cycling eukaryotic cells. NHEJ relies on polynucleotide kinase / phosphatase (PNKP), which generates 5 (cid:2) -phosphate / 3 (cid:2) -hydroxyl DNA termini that are critical for ligation by the NHEJ DNA ligase, LigIV. PNKP and LigIV require the NHEJ scaffolding protein, XRCC4. The PNKP FHA domain binds to the CK2-phosphorylated XRCC4 C-terminal tail, while LigIV uses its tandem BRCT repeats to bind the XRCC4 coiled-coil. Yet, the assembled PNKP-XRCC4–LigIV complex remains uncharacter-ized. Here, we report puriﬁcation and characterization of a recombinant PNKP–XRCC4–LigIV complex. We show that the stable binding of PNKP in this complex requires XRCC4 phosphorylation and that only one PNKP protomer binds per XRCC4 dimer. Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) reveals a ﬂexible multi-state complex that suggests that both the PNKP FHA and catalytic domains contact the XRCC4 coiled-coil and LigIV BRCT repeats. Hydrogen-deuterium exchange indicates protection of a surface on the PNKP phosphatase domain that may contact XRCC4–LigIV. A mutation on this surface (E326K) causes the hered-itary neuro-developmental disorder, MCSZ. This mutation impairs PNKP recruitment to damaged DNA in human cells and provides a possible disease mechanism. Together, this work unveils multipoint contacts between PNKP and XRCC4–LigIV that regulate PNKP recruitment and activity within NHEJ.
A Study to Assess the Eating Habits, Physical Activity, and Knowledge Regarding the Prevention of Obesity among School Children in a Selected Residential Area of Pune City

Background: India stands at second position in possessing a large number of children with obesity after China. Worldwide, millions of children are suffering from health problems related to obesity. In addition to faulty eating habits, obesity among children also caused by genetic factors and lack of physical activities. Methodology: In the present study, researchers have executed a descriptive research design with a sample of 60. The samples were of school-going children with age group between 9-16 years and they were nominated in the study using convenient sampling design. The parameters include height, weight, and BMI of the school children to estimate the obesity of the children. This study also had focused to assess the physical activity and eating habits of subjects by assessing the knowledge regarding the prevention of obesity assessed by administering using a checklist. Results: 65% of students had average knowledge on the prevention of obesity. 11.7% of the students have a long-term illness which is limiting their daily activity. The majority of the subjects preferred outdoor games while some subjects wished some sort of motivation to engage in sports activities. 61.7% of students liked to eat junk foods at least once a day. 16.7% of students fall under the category of overweight with BMI 24.6-30 kg/m2. Conclusion : School going children need to be highly educated regarding the benefits of eating a healthy diet and they need to be discouraged for favoring junk foods by quoting results of health issues after eating junk food items.
A Very Short-Term Load Forecasting of Long-Term Fluctuation Components in the Electric Power Demand

It is indispensable to forecast accurately the very short-term load demand to avoid undesirable disturbances in power system operations which deteriorate economical generations. The authors have so far developed a short-term forecasting method by using Local Fuzzy Reconstruction Method, a variant of the methods based on the chaos theory. However, this approach is unable to give accurate forecasting results in case where load demand consecutively exceeds the historical maximum or is lower than the minimum because forecasting is performed by the historical data themselves. Also, in forecasting holidays in summer, forecasting result of weekdays might appear due to similar demand trend. This paper presents novel demand forecasting methods that are able to make accurate forecasts by resolving the above mentioned problems. First, the new method improves the accuracy by extrapolating forecasted transition from the current point. Secondly, to eliminate miss forecast which may be occurred on holidays in summer, historical data are labeled by the information of the day of the week to distinguish similarly behaved weekdays’ load patterns. The proposed methods are applied to 10, 30, and 60 minutes ahead demand forecasting, and the accuracy is improved 10% to 20% compared with the method previously proposed.
A doubly fed induction generator using back-to-back PWM converters supplying an isolated load from a variable speed wind turbine

A doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) designed to be driven at variable speed from a wind turbine and supplying an isolated load is presented. Two back-to-back PWM voltage-fed inverters connected between the stator and the rotor allow sub- and super-synchronous operation with low distortion currents. The load voltage is maintained at constant frequency and its magnitude is regulated through control of the stator flux of the generator. An auxiliary load is connected in parallel with the main load, and the auxiliary power is controlled to allow the DFIG to track the optimal wind turbine speed for maximum energy capture from the wind. An indirect stator-orientated vector control scheme is used to control the DFIG and this results in constant load voltage and frequency for variations in both load and wind speed. The techniques have been implemented and validated on a 7.5 kW experimental rig.
Apurinã Universal Dependencies Treebank

This paper presents and discusses the first Universal Dependencies treebank for the Apurinã language. The treebank contains 76 fully annotated sentences, applies 14 parts-of-speech, as well as seven augmented or new features — some of which are unique to Apurinã. The construction of the treebank has also served as an opportunity to develop finite-state description of the language and facilitate the transfer of open-source infrastructure possibilities to an endangered language of the Amazon. The source materials used in the initial treebank represent fieldwork practices where not all tokens of all sentences are equally annotated. For this reason, establishing regular annotation practices for the entire Apurinã treebank is an ongoing project.
Multifractal Characteristics of Soil Particle Size Distribution under Sewage Irrigation in Different Irrigation Years

Soil particle size distribution (PSD) is one of the most important physical properties of soil due to its strong influence on hydraulic characteristic, fertility condition and erosion of soil, etc. Sewage irrigation causes the differences in soil PSD. Thus, there may be massive organic contaminants and suspended particles in soil. In this paper, the frequency and multifractal necessity of soil PSD under sewage irrigation in different years were analyzed. Soil PSD demonstrates a heterogeneous characteristic under sewage irrigation, and this heterogeneity can be characterized using the multifractal technique, which calculates the multifractal spectrum parameters. The results showed that the width of multifractal spectrum ∆α is directly proportional to clay content; a remarkable effect of sewage irrigation on multifractal parameters was observed. The soil structure quality decreased with increasing sewage irrigation years. However, the soil structure improved when the soil was irrigated with freshwater for a long period after sewage irrigation. Therefore, multifractal parameters may be potential indicators for the physical property and quality of soil.
Transportation Engineering Education for Undergraduate Students: Competencies, Skills, Teaching-Learning, and Evaluation

AbstractIn general terms, engineering education at the undergraduate level should be based on at least three aspects: the definition of learning outcomes aligned not only with theoretical contents but also with competencies and skills; the specification of teaching-learning methods; and the evaluation of the learning outcomes. The purpose of this study was to analyze an approach that combines traditional lectures and active learning into one strategy to help in the development of competencies and skills demanded by the transportation engineering profession. The authors examined if the acquisition of the skills could be assessed through conventional evaluation techniques and concept maps. An experiment was conducted for the specific case of the course Planning and Analysis of Transport Systems, in three phases: (1) planning the teaching-learning process; (2) evaluating the teaching-learning process; and (3) evaluating the teaching-learning product. The results show that the use of a problem-identification .
Field investigation on effects of railway track geometric parameters on rail wear

Rail wear has dramatic impact on track performance, ride quality and maintenance costs. The amount of rail wear is influenced by various elements among which geometric parameters play an important role. The amount of wear in Iran’s railway lines and its imposed maintenance costs oblige us to make modifications on the various geometrical parameters. In order to ensure the effectiveness of these changes, it is necessary to investigate these parameters and their effects on the wear. This research is aimed at studying the effects of different track geometrical parameters on the vertical and lateral wear by conducting a three phase field investigation. The first phase was carried out at the switches of a station, the second phase at a straight line, and the third at a curved line out of the station. The results obtained are analyzed and the role of each track geometrical parameter in the rail wear is discussed. Recommendations for prevention or reduction of rail wear are presented.
The Analysis of Driver's Behavior in Non-Signalized Intersection Based on the Game

In order to study the driver's decision-making behaviors of the conflict vehicles in non-signalized intersection, according to time refinement, the driver's personality factors and the relative potential factors in the different strategies which affect the driver to make decisions, Based on the dynamic reduplicate game theory, the utility function of the driver's behaviors was built up. As the decision-making behavior by the driver in the process of cross-road, analyzing the different combination of the utility of the driver's decision-making behavior, Nash equilibrium was existed in a single game process, and the driver's optimal decision behaviors in a dynamic game was obtained. The illustration shows that impulse drivers in the decision-making period of time are more willing to choose to accelerate the first strategy; mild drivers prefer to choose acceleration strategy or uniform strategy; cautious drivers prefer to choose to uniform or deceleration strategy.
Top-quality security optical elements: from holography towards 500.000 dpi

Invented in late 1940s, holography has played a very important role in many technical applications. While the 60s and 70s belonged to, say, a classical period of the holography and diffractive optics (optical elements, lenses, beam splitters), the last two decades have shown an enormous expansion of various mainly synthetically designed and created holographic elements. Ever since its invention, holograms have also attracted our attention, because of their true three-dimension perception of a depicted object and related optical features. These phenomena caused, the holograms have become very well and easily publicly recognized, but still very difficult to falsify. Holography based optically variable microstructures and related advanced anti-counterfeit measures are thus ones of the leading features in security elements used for the protection against falsification of valuables, documents (banknotes, visa, passports, ID cards, tax stamps, etc.), serving for the protection of interests and many others. Our talk deals with the survey of currently exploited technologies to produce several protective optical elements. A special attention will be paid to the synthetically developed special optical elements by means of the unique technology - the electron beam lithography, what is one of the world's most advanced technologies used for the protection against falsification. The computer-synthesized security elements are recorded with an incredible resolution of up to 500.000 dpi and are specially developed for the security of the most important state valuables and documents. Finally, we shall discuss some technological possibilities for its future development.
Relationship Between Selected Measures of Physical Fitness and Performance of a Simulated Fire Fighting Emergency Task.

Abstract : Two hundred and seventy-nine (males, n=272; females, n=7) career fire fighters between the ages of 19 and 58 volunteered for this study to determine the relationship between selected measures of physical fitness and performance of a standardized, strenuous task simulating fire fighting emergency activities. This task required the fire fighter to enter a military dormitory, proceed to the third floor, crawl 38.5 yds to reach a 170-lb victim, and drag him back to safety (the stairwell); time (min:sec) to completion was the performance criterion. Measures of cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 max), muscular strength, and body composition were analyzed in an attempt to identify the fitness factors which contributed most to successful task performance. Age and all measures of fitness were found to be significantly correlated with performance. The time required to complete this task vs. VO2 max (n=222) averaged 6:17 and 39.4 ml/kg/min, respectively. The top 25 percent (n=56) and the bottom 25 percent (n=55) performer's times and VO2 max averaged 3:15 and 45.5 ml/kg/min, and 11:42 and 34.1 ml/kg/min, respectively. A regression model was presented which provides a reasonably good prediction of task performance as a function of percent body fat, strength, and VO2 max.
The simple surgery to safely extend the anhepatic time to 30 minutes for rat liver transplantation

Background Orthotopic rat liver transplantation (OLT) is widely used, it remains complicated although many renovations have been made. Methods OLT was performed for tolerance induction, including whole graft OLTs from close male Sprague Dawley (SD) rat to male SD (whole graft group, n = 21) and 30 minute anhepatic time group (AHT group, n = 11), OLT was performed from 50% male Lewis allograft to male Brown Norway (BN) rats to induce tolerance (half graft group, n = 28), Cyclosporine A was injected once daily for 14 days. Results For whole graft group, 30-day survival rate was 85.5% (18/21), the reasons of death were gas embolism due to the missed suturing in 2 cases, blood loss in 1 case. For AHT group, 30-day survival rate 72.7% (8/11), the causes of death were respiratory failure in 1 case, unknown in 2 cases. For tolerance group, 30-day survival rate was 64.3% (18/28), the reasons of death were diarrhea in 4 cases, wound dehiscence in 6 cases. There were no differences in survival in 3 groups (p = 0.289). Conclusion The anhepatic time can be extended simply through the change of clamping the diaphragm, which facilitates its application in the research.
Influence of Geometry Parameters on Durability of Concrete Structures Exposed to Chloride Environment

Finite difference method (FDM) is used to numerical stimulation analysis for chloride diffusion in concrete. By numerical computing, comparison of chloride content profile in different concrete members with different sectional shapes is made. Calculation and comparison show the chloride content prolife in rectangular and circular section has obvious difference. If the side length of rectangular section is equal to the diameter of circular section, as well as the material property and environment, the chloride content in rectangular section is higher than that in that in circular section. In the calculation example, the chloride content at the depth of reinforcement of circular section is about 50-60% that of rectangular section. This tendency is more remarkable in less section dimension, as well as less cover thickness. With the increasing of section, the ratio of difference becomes to be less until to a constant value. In durability design and service life prediction of concrete structures, the section shape and dimension influence should be taken to consideration.
Stiffness, Workspace Analysis and Optimization for 3UPU Parallel Robot Mechanism

In this paper, an approach based on the particle swarm optimization is used to optimize the workspace and global stiffness of the 3UPU mechanism simultaneously due to the fact that the workspace is affected while optimizing the stiffness of the mechanism and vice versa. When optimizing one particular performance, one needs to have an objective function. Here the workspace volume of the mechanism is used as an objective function to evaluate the workspace performance of the mechanism. The leading diagonal elements of the stiffness matrix represent pure stiffness in each direction, but this stiffness changes when the moving platform position changes. We call this stiffness as local stiffness. When using the local stiffness as an objective function for stiffness optimization, it can only represent the stiffness in one particular position. Here the global stiffness of the mechanism is used as an objective function to optimize the stiffness of the mechanism. The global stiffness represents mean stiffness over the workspace. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i9. 3276
Non-contact heartbeat and respiration detector using capacitive sensor with Colpitts oscillator

A capacitive sensor for detecting the heartbeat rate of a human without direct contact with the skin is investigated. Precordial movement changes the capacitance between patch electrodes and modulates the frequency of a Colpitts oscillator. Heartbeat and respiration information can be obtained by demodulating the oscillating signal. Heartbeat signal obtained by bandpass filtering the harmonics of heartbeat frequency is separated from the demodulated signal.
Pattern reconfigurable planar antenna array based on two circular defected ground structure

A pattern-reconfigurable dual-element microstrip antenna array based on reconfigurable two circular defected ground structures was proposed. Five switches are embedded in the two circular defected ground structures to tune the beam orientation. The proposed design able to work at two modes by selecting various combinations of the switch states. The proposed array was fabricated on a Roger board and prepared to shift the beam orientations at the working frequency of 7 GHz. Finally, one prototype of the antenna array was fabricated and tested. The simulated results illustrate that beam steered 52° while the measured beam steered 37°. Streszczenie. Zaproponowano konfigurowalny dwuelementowy zestaw anten mikropaskowych oparty na rekonfigurowalnych dwóch kołowych strukturach naziemnych. Pięć przełączników jest osadzonych w dwóch okrągłych strukturach naziemnych z defektem, aby dostroić orientację wiązki. Proponowany projekt może pracować w dwóch trybach, wybierając różne kombinacje stanów przełącznika. Proponowany układ został wykonany na płycie Roger i przygotowany do zmiany orientacji wiązki przy częstotliwości roboczej 7 GHz. Wyprodukowano i przetestowano jeden prototyp układu antenowego. Symulowane wyniki pokazują, że wiązka kierowana była na 52 °, podczas gdy zmierzona wiązka na 37 °. (Planarny układ antenowy z możliwością rekonfiguracji oparty na dwóch kołowych strukturach naziemnych z defektami)