Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
JOINT INJURIES IN MARTIAL ARTS AND THEIR PREVENTIVE MEASURES

ABSTRACT Introduction: Martial arts athletes are highly prone to joint injuries during training or sports events. These injuries can affect professional performance and cause deleterious psychological damage to athletes. Objective: Explore the current status of joint injuries in martial arts and propose effective preventive measures. Methods: Martial arts athletes were selected to evaluate the types of joint injuries and the method of training in rehabilitating these injuries (n=32). They were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received a specific functional preventive training protocol based on updated scientific findings, while the control group received traditional physical training. Range of motion and functional FMS tests were performed before and after the interventions. The results were compared statistically. Results: The most common type of injury for athletes in martial arts is joint injury, followed by ligament and synovial inflammation. The probability of a joint injury rises when athletes are in continuous action training; the FMS test results of the athletes in the experimental group were significantly improved, with a very significant effect. Conclusion: The preventive functional training proposed in this paper can improve athletes’ fitness, improve coordination and joint stability, and prevent sports injuries. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
A Simple Radioassay to Detect Nanoscale Membrane Disruption

Understanding the mechanisms and kinetics of membrane damage is of interest to researchers in several overlapping fields of biology. In this study, we describe the development and validation of a simple 32PO43− release radioassay used to track nanometer-scale damage to the bacterial cell membrane. Nanoscale membrane damage will result in the release of small cytoplasmic molecules, such as amino acids, sugars, and osmolytes. Our radioassay tracks the release of these molecules using the release of cytoplasmic 32PO43− as a proxy. Our assay can both detect 32PO43− release and track release kinetics in the order of minutes. We demonstrate the use of our radioassay using A. baumannii treated with colistin and Ω76: two agents known to cause membrane damage. Our assay tracks greater membrane damage in A. baumannii treated with both these agents, compared to an untreated control. Our assay fills a niche that is not covered by traditional 51Cr release radioassays and fluorescent staining techniques. Furthermore, our assay can potentially be used to track membrane damage in other membrane systems such as lipid vesicles, animal cells, and organelles.
On the first extended zeroth-order connectivity index of trees

The first extended zeroth-order connectivity index of a graph G is defined as 0 1/2 1 ( ) ( ) , v v V G  G D    where V (G) is the vertex set of G, and v D is the sum of degrees of neighbors of vertex v in G. We give a sharp lower bound for the first extended zeroth-order connectivity index of trees with given numbers of vertices and pendant vertices, and characterize the extremal trees. We also determine the n-vertex trees with the first three smallest first extended zeroth-order connectivity indices.
Enhanced Power Generation by Piezoelectric P(VDF-TrFE)/rGO Nanocomposite Thin Film

In this study we fabricated a piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) of nanocomposite thin film comprising a conductive nanofiller of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) dispersed in a poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) matrix that was anticipated to show enhanced energy harvest performance. For the film preparation we employed the Langmuir-Schaefer (LS) technique to provide direct nucleation of the polar β-phase without any traditional polling or annealing process. We prepared five PENGs consisting of the nanocomposite LS films with different rGO contents in the P(VDF-TrFE) matrix and optimized their energy harvest performance. We found that the rGO-0.002 wt% film yielded the highest peak-peak open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 88 V upon bending and releasing at 2.5 Hz frequency, which was more than two times higher than the pristine P(VDF-TrFE) film. This optimized performance was explained by increased β-phase content, crystallinity, and piezoelectric modulus, and improved dielectric properties, based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), x-ray diffraction (XRD), piezoelectric modulus, and dielectric property measurement results. This PENG with enhanced energy harvest performance has great potential in practical applications for low energy power supply in microelectronics such as wearable devices.
Synthesis of coda wave envelopes in randomly inhomogeneous elastic media in a half-space: single scattering model including Rayleigh waves

SUMMARY Seismograms of local earthquakes consist of not only direct waves but also coda waves originating from scattering due to lithospheric inhomogeneities. As a mathematical basis for interpreting these seismograms, we present a synthesis of coda wave envelope propagating through randomly inhomogeneous medium in a half-space by considering elastic conversion scattering modes of body-to-body waves, Rayleigh-to-body waves, body-to-Rayleigh waves and Rayleigh-to-Rayleigh waves. We first evaluate scattering amplitudes of above scattering modes by elastic inhomogeneity localized in a block by applying the Born approximation to the elastic wave equation in the frequency domain. Scattering amplitudes of all conversion scattering modes are represented by the Fourier spectrum of the elastic inhomogeneity multiplied by the basic scattering pattern which determines the non-isotropic scattering pattern in the long-wavelength limit. Then, considering an ensemble of random media, we derive scattering coefficients which represent the scattering power per unit volume as ensemble averages. By summing up the scattered energy from distributed scattering blocks in a half-space for a point shear dislocation source with the omega-square model, we synthesize the coda-wave envelope for each scattering mode. Numerical evaluation of three-component MS envelopes for a shallow source shows strong frequency dependence. Though scattered body waves are dominant in high frequencies, Rayleigh-to-Rayleigh scattered waves with smaller decay with increasing lapse time become dominant for low frequencies.
Analytical study of radial stability of permanent-magnet synchronous couplings

Magnetic couplings are used to transmit a torque through a magnetic separation wall without any mechanical contact between the two rotors. But the usual cylindrical-airgap magnetic coupling is radially unstable. This instability can be computed from the analytical formulas of the force components exerted between two magnets. The instability can then be analyzed. We present a structure for an astable coupling. Such a coupling does not generate any radial force when a radial displacement occurs. It is a perfect mechanical filter.
Neural-Network-Based Fuzzy Observer With Data-Driven Uncertainty Identification for Vehicle Dynamics Estimation Under Extreme Driving Conditions: Theory and Experimental Results

We present a neural network based Takagi-Sugeno (TS) fuzzy observer to estimate the lateral speed (or sideslip angle) of nonlinear vehicle dynamics subject to modeling uncertainties and unknown inputs. To this end, we first propose a TS fuzzy reduced-order observer design, which can be implemented with low computation effort, for nonlinear systems. The stability and robustness of the observer scheme against the modeling uncertainty is guaranteed by the $\mathscr {H}_{\infty }$ filtering method. A data-driven approach is proposed to construct feedforward neural networks (NNs) for uncertainty approximation. This data-driven approach exploits a specific sliding mode observer (SMO) to identify the model uncertainty data from the collected training data. The NN-based uncertainty approximation is incorporated into the TS fuzzy observer structure to mitigate the effect of uncertainty and improve the estimation quality. Via Lyapunov's stability theory, design conditions of both the TS fuzzy reduced-order observer for dynamics estimation and the SMO for uncertainty identification are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Experimental results obtained with the INSA autonomous vehicle on a real test track demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed TS fuzzy observer under various driving scenarios. Performance comparisons are also performed to illustrate the interest of using NN-based uncertainty approximation for the new reduced-order observer scheme, especially under extreme driving conditions.
Effect of microencapsulation of egg yolk immunoglobulin Y by sodium alginate/chitosan/sodium alginate on the growth performance, serum parameters, and intestinal health of broiler chickens

Objective Egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) is an antibiotic alternative to prevent and fight intestinal pathogenic infections. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sodium alginate/chitosan/sodium alginate IgY microcapsules on the growth performance, serum parameters, and intestinal health of broiler chickens. Methods One-day-old broilers (Ross 308) were divided into five treatments, each with 10 replicates of five chickens. The dietary treatments were maintained for 28 days and consisted of a basal diet (NC), basal diet + 500 mg chlortetracycline/kg diet (CH), basal diet + 50 mg non-microencapsulated IgY/kg diet (NM), basal diet + 600 mg low levels microencapsulated IgY/kg diet (LM), and basal diet + 700 mg high levels microencapsulated IgY/kg diet (HM). Results Throughout the 28-day trial period, the NM, LM, HM, and CH groups increased average daily gain compared with the NC group (p<0.05), and the HM group reduced feed conversion ratio compared with the CH group (p<0.05). The LM and HM groups increased relative organ weights of thymus and spleen compared with the CH and NM groups (p< 0.05). The HM group improved the duodenal, jejunal and ileum villi height (VH) and villus height to crypt depth ratio (VH:CD) compared with the CH and NM groups (p<0.05). Compared with the CH group, the HM group increased serum immunoglobulin (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, and glutathione peroxidase levels (p<0.05), and decreased serum malondialdehyde levels (p<0.05). Compared with the NC group, the NM, LM, HM, and CH groups reduced colonic Escherichia coli and Salmonella levels (p<0.05). and the HM group promoted the levels of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria compared with the CH group (p<0.05). Conclusion Microencapsulation could be considered as a way to improve the efficiency of IgY. The 700 mg high levels microencapsulated IgY/kg diet could potentially be used as an alternative to antibiotics to improve the immune performance and intestinal health, leading to better performance of broiler chickens.
RELATIONS BETWEEN THE TWO KINDS OF REPRESENTATION METHODS IN THE HELMHOLTZ-KOHLRAUSCH EFFECT

There are two kinds of representation methods of the Helmholtz-Kohlrausch effect; one is the Variable-Achromatic-Color method, and the other the Variable-Chromatic-Color method. The following three items are described in detail. (1) How to use and adapt the prediction equations of the two methods to their practical applications. (2) Theoretical derivations of the prediction equations in both methods, and clarification of the simple relation existing between the numerical coefficients used in the prediction equations on the two methods. (3) Logical consistency between the long series of studies on the H-K effect by the author and his colleagues. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Col Res Appl, 23, 288–301, 1998
Automation of Room Lighting System Using Arduino and PIR Sensor

In India, nearly 20 percent of the electricity is lost due to technical and commercial reasons. Three billion units of power are wasted every year. The Automation of lighting system with the usage of Arduino and PIR Sensor is a on hand project, place room light will mechanically flip ON upon sensing an object action besides proceed to be grew to supply up on till the man or girl has left or there is no gesticulation. Operation of this assignment is same on hand and is described here. Initially, when there is no object motion, the PIR Sensor does not appear to be at any man or girl and its data OUT pin sojourns LOW. As the man or woman pass in the room, the trade in infrared radiation in the room is detected with the beneficial useful resource of the PIR Sensor. Consequently, the yield of the PIR Sensor will flip out to be HIGH. Since the OUT pin of the PIR Sensor is allied near Digital 8th Pin of Arduino.
Radiation of an aperture antenna covered by a spherical-shell chiral radome and fed by a circular waveguide

This paper presents a full-wave analysis of the radiation characteristics of an aperture antenna that is flush-mounted on a ground plane and fed by a circular waveguide supporting the dominant TE/sub 11/ mode. The antenna is covered by a dielectric hemispherical chiral radome. Huygen's equivalence principle and the image theory are utilized to simplify the problem. The magnetic dyadic Green's function for the three-layered geometry is formulated and applied to analyze the radiated electromagnetic fields outside the chiral radome. Both the exact and approximate expressions of electric fields valid for the Fresnel and Fraunhofer zones are obtained using the spherical vector wave functions and their approximations in the far zone. Various chiral materials are assumed and computations of antenna parameters are carried out. The effects of the dielectric chiral radome on the radiation power patterns, sidelobe levels, and 3-dB beamwidths are also discussed numerically.
Selective Solvation in Aqueous Mixtures: Interface Deformations and Instability

We briefly review the effects of selective solvation of ions in aqueous mixtures, where the ion densities and the composition fluctuations are strongly coupled. We then examine the surface tension γ of a liquid–liquid interface in the presence of ions. We show that γ can be decreased drastically due to the electrostatic and solvation interactions near the interface. We calculate how the free energy is changed due to small surface undulations in the presence of an electric double layer. A surface instability occurs for negative γ, which can easily be realized for antagonistic ion pairs near the solvent criticality. Three-dimensional simulation shows how the surface instability is induced.
Domain structures of ferroelectric thin film controlled by oxidizing atmosphere

Evolutions of domain morphology in the ferroelectric thin film subjected to the oxidizing atmosphere were predicted by using the phase field simulations, which incorporate the long-range electrostatic interactions and ionic surface charges. Due to effect of the oxidizing atmosphere, it is found that the ionic surface charges carried by oxygen can effectively change the internal electric filed, control the polarization orientation, and drive the domain wall motion of the ferroelectric thin film. Domain structures were simulated and also reveal that domain morphology of the ferroelectric thin film can be adjusted from a multi-domain to a mono-domain with increasing of the ionic charge density.
Design a Cloud-enabled Humanoid Robot Application System to Assess the ABA Learning for Autistic Children

In recent years, the autistic community has gradually attracted widespread social attention. There are currently many difficulties with autism therapies in China, such as high market demand, high prices and inadequate autism teachers. With the continuous development of robotics and digital therapeutics in recent years, there are increasingly potentials of applying robotics to the autism companionship therapy. To demonstrate this possibility, in this paper we apply the cloud-based robotics and the practical needs of the Applied- Behaviour-Analysis (ABA) learning for autistic children, and design an a cloud-enabled humanoid robot application system, in order to reduce the teacher’s workload. We look into a typical ABA therapy process for autistic children to recognize fruits. Following the Childhood Autism Rating Scale and the Autism Behavior Checklist, we design an autistic child digital model to interact with this humanoid robot system in a Robotic Development Kit (RDK) virtual environment. This digital autistic children model mimes autistic children behaviors. Our humanoid robot is en-powered with cloud-enabled intelligence to recognize the emotions and actions of this digital autistic child in order to assess the cognitive progress in his ABA learning. This robotic system also implements various functions to enable interaction with this digital autistic child, such as automatic navigation, intelligent voice interaction, visual recognition and robotic dance. Our system prototype demonstrates the feasibility of designing a cloud-enabled humanoid robot to accompany autistic children.
Seborrheic Keratosis Caused by Human Papillomavirus Type 20 Ameliorated by Zinc Oxide Ointment

A 91-year-old woman visited our department with scattered small nodule lesions and multiple pules or plaques with a stuck-on appearance. The lesions were intractable and resistant to several treatments. Immunodeficiency was excluded by examinations including a CT scan, white blood cell (WBC) counts, natural killer and neutrophil function assays, and IgG titers against human papillomavirus (HPV) 20. HPV20 was identified using the PCR method. The finding of the skin biopsy showed an irritated type of feature of seborrheic keratosis. Additionally, immunohistochemical staining of the lesion revealed that both TNF-α and IFN-ɤ were produced at the skin lesions. The patient‘s serum zinc level was slightly low. We noticed that zinc deficiency has been reported to decrease the cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells, which play an important role in eliminating virus-infected cells and tumor cells. Finally, zinc oxide ointment was found to improve the lesions dramatically. HPV20 causes tumors only in immunodeficient patients or in patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV). In EV, EVER1- or EVER2-encoding membrane proteins, of which are related to zinc transport protein-1 expressed on the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum, were mutated, leading to increased susceptibility to various viral and bacterial infections due to the decreased intracellular zinc concentration. We speculated that the reduction in local zinc concentration was ameliorated by using zinc oxide ointment, resulting in the recovery from HPV20 infection.
A new class of multiuser CDMA receivers based on the minimum mean-output-energy strategy

We deal with the problem of linear multiuser detection for asynchronous DS/CDMA systems. We introduce a new mean-output-energy cost function, whose constrained minimization leads to two new linear multiuser detectors, exploiting the information contained in the pseudo-autocorrelation of the observables, and which generalize and outperform the classical decorrelating and minimum mean square error receivers.
A staggered control volume scheme for unstructured triangular grids

SUMMARY The purpose of this work is to introduce and validate a new staggered control volume method for the simulation of 2D=axisymmetric incompressible flows. The present study introduces a numerical procedure for solving the Navier‐Stokes equations using the primitive variable formulation. The proposed method is an extension of the staggered grid methodology to unstructured triangular meshes for a control volume approach which features ease of handling of irregularly shaped domains. Two alternative elements are studied: transported scalars are stored either at the sides of an element or at its vertices, while the pressure is always stored at the centre of an element. Two interpolation functions were investigated for the integration of the momentum equations: a skewed mass-weighted upwind function and a flow-oriented exponential shape function. The momentum equations are solved over the covolume of a side or of a vertex and the pressure‐velocity coupling makes use of a localized linear reconstruction of the discontinuous pressure field surrounding an element in order to obtain the pressure gradient terms. The pressure equation is obtained through a discretization of the continuity equation which uses the triangular element itself as the control volume. The method is applied to the simulation of the following test cases: backward-facing step flow, flow over a two-dimensional obstacle and flow in a pipe with sudden contraction of cross-sectional area. All numerical investigations are compared with experimental data from the literature. A grid convergence and error analysis study is also carried out for flow in a driven cavity. Results compared favourably with experimental data and so the new control volume scheme is deemed well suited for the prediction of incompressible flows in complex geometries. # 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microbiota-induced regulatory T cells associate with FUT2-dependent susceptibility to rotavirus gastroenteritis

The FUT2 α1,2fucosyltransferase contributes to the synthesis of fucosylated glycans used as attachment factors by several pathogens, including noroviruses and rotaviruses, that can induce life-threatening gastroenteritis in young children. FUT2 genetic polymorphisms impairing fucosylation are strongly associated with resistance to dominant strains of both noroviruses and rotaviruses. Interestingly, the wild-type allele associated with viral gastroenteritis susceptibility inversely appears to be protective against several inflammatory or autoimmune diseases for yet unclear reasons, although a FUT2 influence on microbiota composition has been observed. Here, we studied a cohort of young healthy adults and showed that the wild-type FUT2 allele was associated with the presence of anti-RVA antibodies, either neutralizing antibodies or serum IgA, confirming its association with the risk of RVA gastroenteritis. Strikingly, it was also associated with the frequency of gut microbiota-induced regulatory T cells (Tregs), so-called DP8α Tregs, albeit only in individuals who had anti-RVA neutralizing antibodies or high titers of anti-RVA IgAs. DP8α Tregs specifically recognize the human symbiont Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, which strongly supports their induction by this anti-inflammatory bacterium. The proportion of F. prausnitzii in feces was also associated with the FUT2 wild-type allele. These observations link the FUT2 genotype with the risk of RVA gastroenteritis, the microbiota and microbiota-induced DP8α Treg cells, suggesting that the anti-RVA immune response might involve an induction/expansion of these T lymphocytes later providing a balanced immunological state that confers protection against inflammatory diseases.
Current Status of Oligonucleotide-Based Protein Degraders

Transcription factors (TFs) and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have long been considered undruggable, mainly because they lack ligand-binding sites and are equipped with flat and narrow protein surfaces. Protein-specific oligonucleotides have been harnessed to target these proteins with some satisfactory preclinical results. The emerging proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology is no exception, utilizing protein-specific oligonucleotides as warheads to target TFs and RBPs. In addition, proteolysis by proteases is another type of protein degradation. In this review article, we discuss the current status of oligonucleotide-based protein degraders that are dependent either on the ubiquitin–proteasome system or a protease, providing a reference for the future development of degraders.