Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Review of: "Information Is Immanent Incongruence"

Preprint platform: Qeios Title: Information Is Immanent Incongruence Qeios ID: 9TX7Z3 Open Access: https://doi.org/10.32388/9TX7Z3 Author: Karl Javorszky The submission is peculiar to say the least. I have read it several times, but the reason why the author produced this text —escaped from my mind. Finally, the manuscript can be considered as an example of Gödel's incompleteness theorems, nothing more. Many of the statements are apodeictical, i.e., necessarily true without thinking the issue over. On the other hand, there are a plethora of deficiencies, which limits the understanding and fair evaluation on a large scale. Any scientific contribution should conform several basic rules and attitudes, e.g., The meaning of the terms should be unequivocal and should conform with the earlier usage. Any work should enumerate the earlier findings and place the new achievements into the context of the present status of knowledge, as well as discuss the similarities and differences from previous approaches just to see the novelty, if any. One can ignore other people’s findings, but it is not a scientific attitude even if it can be observed frequently in nowadays “science”. A new term should be defined (and abbreviated) properly at the first mentioning. An “elaborate explanation model which assumes the world to be of a basic duality” is necessarily damned to failure. The World or Nature is not of duality, or not multitudinous —we use an n-dimensional (Euclidean) space to its description (and understanding). Why just a two-dimensional grid was selected? Why not three or more? The course of dimensionality is well known [2]. Two characteristic examples show the unavoidable misunderstanding while reading the manuscript. The title is not understandable. I looked for vocabulary and thesaurus to make the meaning clear without success. The Qeios, CC-BY 4.0 · Review, June 9, 2023
An Atypical Presentation of Progressive Multiple Sclerosis in a Young Black Male

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease primarily affecting the central nervous system, commonly diagnosed in women and individuals of European ancestry. It most commonly presents in the form of relapsing-remitting MS, which is characterized by exacerbations with partial to complete recovery. Far less common is the primary progressive form of MS, which involves the progression of neurological symptoms that gradually worsen with time. We present an atypical case of progressive MS in a 26-year-old incarcerated Black male. Initially diagnosed in 2019, he experienced bilateral upper extremity weakness and phasic spasticity, with subsequent worsening of symptoms including lower extremity spasticity, vision impairment, and difficulties with mobility and writing. With progressing symptoms, unintentional weight loss, and declining motor function, he was admitted to the hospital in March 2023. This case emphasizes the importance of considering MS as a differential diagnosis in any patient with progressive neurological dysfunction because, unlike the more prevalent relapsing-remitting type of MS, primary progressive MS has a more insidious onset with no recovery between exacerbations. It addresses the patient's symptom history, medication compliance challenges, and the need for improved education and awareness of MS in diverse patient populations.
A pooled analysis of magnetic fields and childhood leukaemia

Previous studies have suggested an association between exposure to 50–60 Hz magnetic fields (EMF) and childhood leukaemia. We conducted a pooled analysis based on individual records from nine studies, including the most recent ones. Studies with 24/48-hour magnetic field measurements or calculated magnetic fields were included. We specified which data analyses we planned to do and how to do them before we commenced the work. The use of individual records allowed us to use the same exposure definitions, and the large numbers of subjects enabled more precise estimation of risks at high exposure levels. For the 3203 children with leukaemia and 10 338 control children with estimated residential magnetic field exposures levels < 0.4 μT, we observed risk estimates near the no effect level, while for the 44 children with leukaemia and 62 control children with estimated residential magnetic field exposures ≥ 0.4 μT the estimated summary relative risk was 2.00 (1.27–3.13), P value = 0.002). Adjustment for potential confounding variables did not appreciably change the results. For North American subjects whose residences were in the highest wire code category, the estimated summary relative risk was 1.24 (0.82–1.87). Thus, we found no evidence in the combined data for the existence of the so-called wire-code paradox. In summary, the 99.2% of children residing in homes with exposure levels < 0.4 μT had estimates compatible with no increased risk, while the 0.8% of children with exposures ≥ 0.4 μT had a relative risk estimate of approximately 2, which is unlikely to be due to random variability. The explanation for the elevated risk is unknown, but selection bias may have accounted for some of the increase. © 2000 Cancer Research Campaign
Evaluation of miR-330-3p and BMI1 Expression in Colorectal Cancer Patients, Healthy Adjacent Tissues, and Polypoid Adenomatous Lesions

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as essential gene expression regulators associated with human diseases such as colorectal cancer (CRC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of miR-330-3p and its target gene BMI1 in tissue samples of patients with CRC, polyp, and healthy adjacent tissue samples and their association with clinicopathological and demographic factors such as age, tumor stage, grade, and lymph node invasion of the tumor. Following the extraction of total RNA from approximately 50 mg of colon and rectum tissue of 82 patients with CRC, 13 polypoid lesions, and 26 marginal healthy tissues using RiboEx reagent, cDNA synthesis was performed, and then quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the expression levels of miR-330-3p and BMI1. Alterations in the gene expression were assessed using the 2(-∆∆ CT) method. The expression of miR-330-3p in all of the CRC samples was significantly lower than in adjacent healthy tissues and polyp (P<0.001). BMI1 was up-regulated in 97.9% of CRC tissue compared to healthy adjacent tissues and polyps (P<0.001). A negative reverse correlation between the miR-330-3p and BMI1 gene was observed in the CRC samples (r= -0.882, P<0.001). Down-regulation of miR-330-3p and BMI1 overexpression strongly correlates with higher tumor stage and lymph node invasion. The AUC for miR-330-3p and BMI1expression was 0.982 (sensitivity, 98.5%; specificity, 78.8%), and 0.971 (sensitivity, 97.6%; specificity, 84.6%) (P<0.001), respectively. Our results indicated that miR-330-3p and BMI1 expression probably could be considered potential diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for CRC patient.
Post-Construction Evaluation of Forecast Accuracy

This research evaluates the accuracy of demand forecasts using a sample of recently-completed projects in Minnesota and identifies the factors influencing the inaccuracy in forecasts. The forecast traffic data for this study is drawn from Environmental Impact Statements (EIS), Transportation Analysis Reports (TAR) and other forecast reports produced by the Minnesota Department of Transportation (Mn/DOT) with a horizon forecast year of 2010 or earlier. The actual traffic data are compiled from the database of traffic counts maintained by the Office of Transportation Data and Analysis at Mn/DOT. Based on recent research on forecast accuracy, the inaccuracy of traffic forecasts is estimated as a ratio of the forecast traffic to the actual traffic. The estimation of forecast inaccuracy also involves a comparison of the socioeconomic and demographic assumptions, the assumed networks to the actual in-place networks and other travel behavior assumptions that went into generating the traffic forecasts against actual conditions. The analysis indicates a general trend of underestimation in roadway traffic forecasts with factors such as highway type, functional classification, and direction playing an influencing role. Roadways with higher volumes and higher functional classifications such as freeways are subject to underestimation compared to lower volume roadways/functional classifications. The comparison of demographic forecasts shows a trend of overestimation while the comparison of travel behavior characteristics indicates a lack of incorporation of fundamental shifts and societal changes.
Thermal expansion and polarisation of (1-x )PNN-x PT solid solutions

The paper presents the results of detailed studies of the thermal expansion of (1 − x )PbNi 1 / 3 Nb 2 / 3 O 3 – x PbTiO 3 solid solutions with x =0–0. The anomalous and lattice contributions to deformation and the thermal expansion coeﬃcient are analysed and the mean square polarization P d is determined. The results obtained are discussed within the framework of the thermodynamic theory and the Landau 2-4-6 coeﬃcients for solid solutions are estimated
CONSTRAINTS IN AUTHORING BIM COMPONENTS : RESULTS OF LONGITUDINAL INTEROPERABILITY TESTS

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A Simulation Approach to Characterizing Sub-Glacial Hydrology

The structure and distribution of sub-glacial water directly influences Antarctic ice mass loss by reducing basal shear stress and enhancing grounding line retreat. A common technique for detecting sub-glacial water involves analyzing the spatial variation in reflectivity from an airborne ice penetrating radar (IPR) survey. Basic IPR analysis exploits the high dielectric contrast between water and most other substrate materials, where a reflectivity increase ≥ 15 dB is frequently correlated with the presence of sub-glacial water. There are surprisingly few additional tools to further characterize the size, shape, or extent 5 of hydrological systems beneath large ice masses. We adapted an existing radar backscattering simulator to model IPR reflections from sub-glacial water structures using the University of
Evaluation of Sustainable Development of Baotou City Based on Ecological Footprint

The ecological footprint model was used in this paper to evaluate the sustainable development status of Baotou City by calculating the ecological footprint, ecological carrying capacity and ecological deficit/surplus in 2018. The results showed that: (1) In 2018, the per capita ecological footprint of Baotou City was 1.11506 ha, the per capita ecological carrying capacity was 0.8371 ha. There is 0.2780 ha ecological deficit, which is in a fragile and unsustainable development state; (2) The demand for farmland, grassland and fossil energy land is large, but the carrying capacity of grassland is limited; (3) Coking coal, raw coal and coal washing, account for 99% of the energy demand footprint; Residents’ needs of dairy and meat in the diet structure makes the demand of the grassland to achieve total footprint almost a third; (4) The fossil energy land, construction land and water footprint per capita ranked higher, and footprint is greater than the carrying capacity; Regional sustainability is weak, and need adjust the structure of energy consumption, residents’ diet, control of urban sprawl to guarantee the sustainable development of city.
Error-based Structure Prediction in Comprehension: Evidence from verb bias effects in a visual-world structural priming paradigm for Mandarin Chinese

Structural priming studies in production have demonstrated stronger priming effects for unexpected sentence structures (inverse preference effect). This is consistent with error-based implicit learning accounts that assume learning depends on prediction error. Such prediction error can be verb-specific, leading to strong priming when a verb that is for instance biased towards the prepositional object(PO) structure occurs with an unexpected double object(DO) structure. However, it is unclear whether this mechanism also holds for language comprehension, especially for languages like Mandarin Chinese, which arguably depends strongly on semantics to predict syntax in comprehension. Experiment 1 was a norming study (N=367) that measured the biases (DO vs. PO) of 48 Mandarin Chinese dative verbs. Experiment 2 (N=72) crossed verb bias (DO-bias or PO-bias) and structure (DO or PO) of prime sentences in a visual-world paradigm, to examine whether Mandarin comprehenders show an inverse preference effect. The priming effect is expressed as the proportion of looks to the predicted referent (i.e., the recipient after a DO-prime, the theme after a PO-prime), for two critical time windows during target sentence processing: the verb and the first syllable of the first post-verbal noun (which was identical in theme and recipient). There was priming in both time windows, even though the verb differed between prime and target. Importantly, there was an inverse preference effect (i.e., stronger priming after a DO prime with a PO-biased verb than with a DO-biased verb) in the second time window. These results provide evidence for an error-based structure prediction system in comprehension.
The cross-cutting edge: situational judgments tests for selection: traditional versus construct-driven approaches

Context Historically, Situational Judgement Tests (SJTs) have been widely used for personnel selection. Their use in medical selection in Europe is growing with plans for further expansion into North America and Australasia in an attempt to measure and select on ‘non-academic’ personal attributes. However, there is a lack of clarity regarding what such tests actually measure and how they should be designed, scored and implemented within the medical and health education selection process. In particular, the theoretical basis from which such tests are developed will determine the scoring options available, influencing their psychometric properties and, ultimately, their validity. Objective The aim of this article is to create an awareness of the previous theory and practice that has informed SJT development. We describe the emerging interest in the use of the SJT format to measure specific constructs (e.g. ‘resilience’, ‘dependability’ etc.), drawing on the tradition of ‘individual differences’ psychology. We compare and contrast this newer ‘construct-driven’ method with the traditional, pragmatic approach to SJT creation, often employed by organisational psychologists. Making reference to measurement theory, we highlight how the anticipated psychometric properties of traditional versus construct-driven SJTs are likely to differ.
Analysis of the thermal shock and fouling resistance of the Kalimantan zircon based hybrid composite ceramic coating in boiler environment

Power plant boilers operate at relatively high temperatures and pressures. As they are prone to material degradation, fouling and scaling, the materials used must have good thermal and chemical resistance. Coating material is one of the solutions to problems that exist in boilers. In this study, the basic coating material used came from local mineral resources, namely Kalimantan zircon sand and zirconia that had been purified from zircon sand. And there is the addition of filler as a coating reinforcement so that the coating properties become better. The variables of this study are variations of filler materials that have lubricating properties such as hBN, MoS2, graphite and a mixture of the three fillers (hybrid). The coating method used is slurry spray coating and then sintering at 600 °C. The main coating parameter tests carried out were thermal shock and anti-fouling resistance. From the research results, it was found that the purification of Zircon Sand resulted in an increase in Zirconia content from 59 % to 68 %. From the results of the thermal shock resistance and anti-fouling tests, it was found that the coating with purified zircon has better thermal shock resistance while the fouling resistance is not significantly different from unrefined zircon sand, so it is necessary to develop a zircon purification process to obtain a higher ZrO2 content. For filler variations, the hybrid filler produces a coating with better thermal shock and anti-fouling resistance so that it can be used for optimizing ceramic composite coatings
Série Scientifique Scientific Series Testing the Option Value Theory of Irreversible Investment Testing the Option Value Theory of Irreversible Investment

Montréal septembre 1995 Ce document est publié dans l'intention de rendre accessible les résultats préliminaires de la recherche effectuée au CIRANO, afin de susciter des échanges et des suggestions. Les idées et les opinions émises sont sous l'unique responsabilité des auteurs, et ne représentent pas nécessairement les positions du CIRANO ou de ses partenaires. This paper presents preliminary research carried out at CIRANO and aims to encourage discussion and comment. The observations and viewpoints expressed are the sole responsibility of the authors. They do not necessarily represent positions of CIRANO or its partners. CIRANO Le CIRANO est une corporation privée à but non lucratif constituée en vertu de la Loi des compagnies du Québec. Le financement de son infrastructure et de ses activités de recherche provient des cotisations de ses organisations-membres, d'une subvention d'infrastructure du ministère de l'Industrie, du Commerce, de la Science et de la Technologie, de même que des subventions et mandats obtenus par ses équipes de recherche. La Série Scientifique est la réalisation d'une des missions que s'est données le CIRANO, soit de développer l'analyse scientifique des organisations et des comportements stratégiques. CIRANO is a private non-profit organization incorporated under the Québec Companies Act. Its infrastructure and research activities are funded through fees paid by member organizations, an infrastructure grant from the Ministère de l'Industrie, du Commerce, de la Science et de la Technologie, and grants and research mandates obtained by its research teams. The Scientific Series fulfils one of the missions of CIRANO: to develop the scientific analysis of organizations and strategic behaviour. comments on an earlier version of the paper. We also thank the participants at the 4th CREE conference Résumé / Abstract En recourrant tour à tour à la programmation dynamique et à la méthode des actifs contigents, nous établissons la valeur de l'option d'effectuer des investissements irréversibles réels qui sont sensibles aux paramètres économiques prévalant au moment de la décision. Nous testons ensuite si des investissements en capacité de production effectués par des mines de cuivre canadiennes sont conformes aux implications de la théorie. Les résultats sont fortements en faveur de celle-ci; nos données rejettent le critère de la valeur actuelle nette et le modèle explique tant la taille que la date des investissements d'une manière statistiquement et économiquement satisfaisante. This paper statistically tests the theory of irreversible investment under uncertainty. Using dynamic programming and contingent claims valuation alternatively, we derive the value …
1688 : The First Modern Revolution

For two hundred years historians have viewed England's Glorious Revolution of 1688-1689 as an un-revolutionary revolution-bloodless, consensual, aristocratic, and above all, sensible. In this brilliant new interpretation Steve Pincus refutes this traditional view. By expanding the interpretive lens to include a broader geographical and chronological frame, Pincus demonstrates that England's revolution was a European event, that it took place over a number of years, not months, and that it had repercussions in India, North America, the West Indies, and throughout continental Europe. His rich historical narrative, based on masses of new archival research, traces the transformation of English foreign policy, religious culture, and political economy that, he argues, was the intended consequence of the revolutionaries of 1688-1689. James II developed a modernization program that emphasized centralized control, repression of dissidents, and territorial empire. The revolutionaries, by contrast, took advantage of the new economic possibilities to create a bureaucratic but participatory state. The postrevolutionary English state emphasized its ideological break with the past and envisioned itself as continuing to evolve. All of this, argues Pincus, makes the Glorious Revolution-not the French Revolution-the first truly modern revolution. This wide-ranging book reenvisions the nature of the Glorious Revolution and of revolutions in general, the causes and consequences of commercialization, the nature of liberalism, and ultimately the origins and contours of modernity itself.
A new bauriamorph from the Omingonde Formation (Middle Triassic) of South West Africa

A new genus and species of bauriamorph therapsid from the Anisian Omingonde Formation (Middle Triassic) of South West Africa is described as Herpetogale rrulTJupialis gen. et sp. nov. This new form is chronologically the latest known member of the therocephalian lineage. It is in many ways more advanced than Bauria, but it also displays a number of more primitive features . It is advanced in its reduced postcanine series, slightly larger secondary palate, smaller suborbital fossae, and more pronounced coronoid processes of the dentaries, displaying laterally very distinct fossae maJsetericae. A very distinct crista IacialiJ is developed in front of the orbit. Primitive features are the presence of a pineal foramen and complete postorbital bars. Conspicuous and no doubt specialised are the pronounced "cheek cavities" well demarcated above by maxillary overhangs and below by shelf-like expansions on the dentaries. This arrangement suggests "cheek pouches" for food storage reminiscent of a habit in modem primates and certain rodents. The . skull is complete, very little distorted or damaged, with lower jaw in occlusion. Besides an account of the cranial morphology, attention is also given to jaw musculature and the taxonomic position of the Bauriamorpha. " PAPER PRESENTED AT KAROO SYMPOSIUM 23-24 JUNE 1977 177
Measurement and Analysis of Clutter in Electronic Displays

Abstract : Electronic geospatial displays are common-from aircraft moving-maps to handheld GPS devices. As new data sources become available, users are tempted to display everything of interest: digital charts, satellite imagery, weather data, etc. The ensuing clutter can impact a user's ability to access, interpret, and effectively use the displayed information. This paper presents a model of display clutter comprised of global and local components, which we compared with subjective clutter ratings and target search performance. Our results suggest strong correlations between our global clutter metric and subjective ratings, and between our local clutter metric and search performance.