Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Pasteurization and Sterilization Process on Camel Milk Quality

Pasteurization and sterilization processes were applied on camel milk and their effect on its quality were evaluated in this study. Camel milk was subjected to the pasteurization and sterilization process using the USPTO UHT+ S1 pilot plant and was examined for its compositional components before and after conducting of heat treatment. The results indicated non-significant (P>0.05) variations between the fresh and both the pasteurized and sterilized camel milk in the mean values of total solids (TS), solids not fat (SNF), fat, free fatty acids (FAA), lactose, protein, casein, urea, citric acid, pH, density and acidity after immediate application of heat treatment and also during the storage period. However, significant (P≤0.05) differences were found in the pH and the freezing point depression (FPD) of the pasteurized milk and the FFA and the acidity of the sterilized milk compared to the raw milk. Moreover, the physicochemical properties of camel milk products showed stability during two weeks of storage at four degree centigrade for the pasteurized milk and room temperature (37°C) for the sterilized milk. The total bacterial count and coliform were significantly (P≤0.05) reduced in the pasteurized and sterilized camel milk.
NITROUS OXIDE-OXYGEN INHALATION SEDATION IN PAEDIATRIC DENTAL PATIENTS: AN OVERVIEW

Provision of sedation while delivering dental treatment to anxious paediatric patients aims in minimising their discomfort and psychological trauma, managing behaviour as well as controlling patient movements, using a technique with wide margin of safety. Nitrous oxide-oxygen inhalation sedation is one of the sedation methods commonly used to manage dental fear and anxiety. Its beneficial features include; potent anxiolytic effect, its sedative, analgesic as well as amnesic properties, titratability, rapid onset and recovery whilst carrying minimum risk. Modern dental inhalation sedation machines deliver gases in continuous flow mechanism, using nasal hood apparatus therefore allowing treatment to the oral cavity. The machine is equipped with various safety features to avoid adverse events during administration. Operators must be adequately trained and able to manage foreseeable complications. This paper aims to provide an overview on the appropriate practice of nitrous oxide-oxygen inhalation sedation, for paediatric dental patients. Careful case selection, comprehensive preparation by the sedation team, good documentation, the use of appropriate armamentarium, application of titration techniques along with good behaviour management are crucial in producing safe and effective treatment outcomes.
SCENARIO PLANNING OF THE CUSTOMER ORIENTATION OF THE COMPANY

Customer orientation is a key factor for strong competitive position of the enterprise. This notion has become particularly relevant for gas utilities in recent years (due to the introduction of competition in the gas market). These changes not only forced enterprises to change their approach to operations but also demonstrated that even monopoly markets, which are used to complete stability, today will require significant reorganization and unpredictable changes. Scenario planning itself is crucial for the prevention and prediction of external instability. An analysis of the development of customer orientation of the gas distribution company, substantiation of feasibility of implementation of measures for increasing of level of its customer orientation. This scientific work formulates the definition of " customer orientation ", " customer orientation"; analyzes the current methods of assessing the level of client orientation; examination of the features of scenario planning as one of the basic technologies of strategic management; analyzed and evaluated the level of clientorientation of «Ivano-Frankivskgas» joint-stock company, create scenarios of development of the company's customer orientation, the efficiency of each of the proposed alternatives is investigated and the scenario of implementation of modern methods of training in the company as the most probable and effective alternative for the development of customer orientation of «Ivano-Frankivskgas» is outlined. On the basis of the conducted scientific researches and published scientific works the customer orientation, as one of the main ways for providing competitiveness of "Ivano-Frankivskgas" was determined. For realization of the mentioned tasks analysis and synthesis methods, NPS index method, decision trees method, analytical and graphical methods, line forecasting method and method of scientific generalization were used.
Energy management System for Hybrid Electrical Vehicle using Soft Computing

: Because of their great efficiency, low cost, and pollution-free properties, hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are becoming more popular. Long-distance driving necessitates the use of hybrid power sources. In electric vehicles that use hybrid power sources, energy management is a crucial issue. Artificial intelligence-based algorithms have made a substantial contribution to hybrid electric car energy management systems. In a hybrid electric car that uses fuel cells, batteries, and internal combustion engines as power sources, this article provides a Fuzzy logic-based energy management strategy. Based on the present battery state of charge, varying vehicle characteristics, and driving situations, the suggested method allows efficient regulation of power flow in HEVs. The proposed fuzzy management technique demonstrates reliability, easiness in implementation and robustness.
A Preliminary Study on the Anti-dengue Viral Activity of Munronia pinnata

Dengue infection is a major health care problem in tropical and subtropical countries. The recently approved dengue vaccine has limitations, and there is no antiviral drug for treatment at present. For centuries plants and plant extracts have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various infections. The whole plant of Munronia pinnata , which has been used for treating fever patients in Sri Lankan traditional medicine, was tested for anti-dengue viral activity. The cytotoxicity assay of M. pinnata on Vero cells using 4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) revealed Maximum Nontoxic Dose (MNTD) as 125 µg/ml and 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC 50 ) as 428.9 ± 21.55 µg/ml. Plaque reduction antiviral assay performed on dengue-4 virus infected Vero cells demonstrated half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) as 26.12 ± 0.91 µg/ml. The selectivity index (SI) of M. pinnata was 16.42. Based on the selectivity index, Munronia pinnata appears to be a viable candidate for identifying biologically active compounds with anti-dengue viral activity.
Regulator: Dynamic Analysis to Detect ReDoS

Regular expressions (regexps) are a convenient way for programmers to express complex string searching logic. Several popular programming languages expose an interface to a regexp matching subsystem, either by language-level primi-tives or through standard libraries. The implementations behind these matching systems vary greatly in their capabilities and running-time characteristics. In particular, backtracking matchers may exhibit worst-case running-time that is either linear, polynomial, or exponential in the length of the string being searched. Such super-linear worst-case regexps expose applications to Regular Expression Denial-of-Service (Re-DoS) when inputs can be controlled by an adversarial attacker. In this work, we investigate the impact of ReDoS in backtracking engines, a popular type of engine used by most programming languages. We evaluate several existing tools against a dataset of broadly collected regexps, and ﬁnd that despite extensive theoretical work in this ﬁeld, none are able to achieve both high precision and high recall. To address this gap in existing work, we develop R EGULATOR , a novel dynamic, fuzzer-based analysis system for identifying regexps vulnerable to ReDoS. We implement this system by directly instrumenting a popular backtracking regexp engine, which increases the scope of supported regexp syntax and features over prior work. Finally, we evaluate this system against three common regexp datasets, and demonstrate a seven-fold increase in true positives discovered when comparing against existing tools.
Explaining Why: How Instructions and User Interfaces Impact Annotator Rationales When Labeling Text Data

In the context of data labeling, NLP researchers are increasingly interested in having humans select rationales , a subset of input to-kens relevant to the chosen label. We conducted a 332-participant online user study to understand how humans select rationales, especially how different instructions and user interface affordances impact the rationales chosen. Participants labeled ten movie reviews as positive or negative, selecting words and phrases supporting their label as rationales. We varied the instructions given, the rationale-selection task, and the user interface. Participants often selected about 12% of input to-kens as rationales, but selected fewer if unable to drag over multiple tokens at once. Whereas participants were near unanimous in their data labels, they were far less consistent in their rationales. The user interface affor-dances and task greatly impacted the types of rationales chosen. We also observed large variance across participants.
REGULARITIES OF COMPLEXATION OF INDOTRICARBOCYANINE DYES WITH HUMAN BLOOD SERUM PROTEINS

The interaction of indotricarbocyanine dyes with human blood serum proteins was studied. The spectral and fluorescent properties of dyes in butanol, Dulbecco’s sodium and potassium phosphate buffer (0.14 mol/L) with pH 7.4, and human blood serum solutions were determined. It was shown that the spectral properties of dyes in butanol differ significantly from the spectral properties in solutions of Dulbecco’s sodium and potassium phosphate buffer and human blood serum, and that butanol effectively extracts the molecules of the studied dyes that do not form covalently bound complexes with blood serum components. By analysing the extraction products, the proportion of covalent complexes of dyes with protein molecules was determined. It has been established that indotricarbocyanine dyes with a chlorine-sub-stituted orthophenylene bridge in the conjugation chain are partially passes into butanol, the degree of extraction depends on the ratio of dye and protein concentrations. Thus, at a concentration of 10 m mol/L in 5 % human serum, the degree of extraction of these dyes is ~ 50 – 60 % respectively, the proportion of dye molecules in strong covalently bound complexes with blood serum components is ~ 40 –50 %. On the contrary, the dye with a free polymethine chain is extracted almost completely (91.4 % extraction rate). The indotricarbocyanine dyes are promising for use as a photosensitisers for photodynamic therapy.
Applied antibiotic stewardship What does that really mean?

Antibiotic use in livestock is under increasing scrutiny by various regulatory, industry, and consumer groups. In the future, production systems will likely be required to docu ment antibiotic use to allow access to some supply chains. The veterinary practitioner is in a unique position to help guide antibiotic use, as well as guide the standards by which use is documented and evaluated. This discussion focuses on identifying times and places where antibiotic stewardship might be applied, the tools necessary for application, and likely challenges encountered.
Evaluation across and within collaborative manufacturing networks: a comparison of manufacturers’ interactions and attributes

Evaluation on collaborative manufacturing network (CMN) structure characteristics has important implications for network operations such as production decision-making, product recovery, creating consensus. Several recent studies suggest that augmenting network structure with nodes’ attributes can provide a more fine-grained understanding of the network. However, there have been few studies to provide a systematic understanding of these effects in a CMN at scale. This gap is bridged using an industrial printing machinery CMN data-set collected on a web-based producing and outsourcing service platform. Novel phenomena with respect to both interaction and attribute metrics across and within the CMNs are observed. Moreover, although many studies employ either interaction or attribute data to study the relative roles of manufacturers in a CMN, relatively little is known about the relationship between these two types of data. This study explores this relationship by comparing two defined metrics (i.e. relational capability and node capability), which evaluate the manufacturers’ interactions and attributes, respectively. We examine to what extent the two metrics of manufacturers correlate with each other, and how possible dissimilarities and similarities can be explained based on the collected industrial CMN data-set. The insights thereby provide a better basis for efficient operations decision-making in CMN.
From research outcome to agency change: Mapping a learning trajectory of opportunities and challenges

A key theme within the Bushfire and Natural Hazard CRC Cognitive Tools and Decision Making project is to understand how practitioners learn from research outcomes and how they can use them. Translatingresearch outcomes into practice is a complex process and can be beyond the control of the project team and end-user representatives. Using 'lessons' terminology, it is suggested that observations and insights can be identified from reviewing research outcomes. However, the lessons that are derived from insights are only 'learnt' when they instigate sustainable change (Commonwealth of Australia 2013). To create the best conditions for organisational learning a literature review of learning lessons in emergency management was conducted. Practitioners were also interviewed to understand the contexts and challenges faced in implementing research insights and in facilitating change. This paper presents two studies that examine aspects of organisational learning. In the first study, the challenges to learning from action and experience and from reflection and planning are examined. In the second study, the systems for learning used in emergency services organisations are considered and a preliminary theory of research utilisation maturity is proposed. The initiatives reported help to maximise the value of research and supports innovation through utilisation.
Assessment of Decentralized Electricity Production from Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources for Sustainable Energy Development in Nigeria

Abstract This paper presents technical and economic assessment of a hybrid energy system for electricity generation in rural communities in the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. The study was based on a 500 rural household model having an electric load of 493 kWh per day. To simulate long-term continuous implementation of the hybrid system, 21 years (1992 – 2012) hourly mean global solar radiation and wind speed data for the selected sites were used. The mean annual wind speed and solar radiation for the locations ranged from 2.31 m/s for Warri to 3.52 m/ s for Maiduguri and 4.53 kWh/m2 for Warri to 5.92 kWh/m2 for Maiduguri, respectively. These weather data were used for simulation with the Micro-power Optimization Model software HOMER. From the optimum results of the hybrid system,Warri has the highest NPC and COE of $2,441,222 and $0.721/kWh, respectively while Maiduguri has the least NPC and COE of $2,225,387 and $0.658/kWh, respectively for the 21 years project lifespan. The high value of COE for Warri is due to its low renewable energy resource while low COE for Maiduguri is due to its high renewable energy resource. The Northern part of the country has ample renewable energy resource availability and with a strong political will, optimal utilization of these renewable resources (solar and wind) can be actualized. Researchers, Industrialists, Policy Makers and the Nigerian government should therefore seize this opportunity in developing a sustainable energy through utilization of abundant renewable energy resources in the country.
Exploring the use of Gestalt’s principles in improving the visualization, user experience and comprehension of COBie data extension

Purpose Until now, the usage and usability factors associated with AEC–FM standards have remained largely overlooked. This oversight could be a potentially significant factor in the adoption rates as well as effective utilization of such advanced solutions in the AEC–FM industry. Therefore, from a conceptual and theoretical viewpoint, the purpose of this paper is to address this gap in understanding and enhancing the usability aspects of standards such as construction operations building information exchange (COBie) over its spreadsheet representation. Besides, findings from this study and the proposed theoretical fundamentals to enhance the usability and functionality of COBie spreadsheet representation could potentially lay the foundation for a VisualCOBie approach. Design/methodology/approach The iterative steps of design thinking and agile development are harmonized to form the main research methodology. Design thinking is useful in problem (re)formulation, and agile development is useful in iterative software development. The approach aims to identify and understand the needs and requirements of the AEC–FM users from the standardized approaches and associated IT solutions; and formulate the main features and functionalities of the proposed solution. The methodology supports the aim of generating a broad range of possible solutions instead of coming up with the “right” solution. Findings Despite the standards and associated IT developments, the AEC–FM industry still suffers from inefficient information management. To date, most initiatives have focused on utilization of the outputs from different IT solutions in terms of accuracy and completeness of the data defined in the standards. This research found that well-established standards such as COBie and corresponding IT solutions are not merely technical issues, but it is equally important to understand how the end-users cognitively perceive and process them. The developed solutions need to address user point of view to facilitate wider utilization of these standards in practice. Research limitations/implications In this research, Gestalt’s visual perception principles have been used to evaluate the usability issues of COBie spreadsheet. Although Gestalt principles provide a valid and proven viewpoint, there can be other cognitive principles that could also be taken into consideration. Originality/value The usage and usability factors associated with AEC–FM standards have remained largely overlooked, indicating a gap in the literature. This gap was considered as a potentially significant factor in the adoption as well as effective utilization of such standards and advanced solutions in the AEC–FM industry. By grounding the research in cognitive and usability perspectives of information exchange standards, the authors demonstrate how such theoretical underpinning can lead to innovative solutions.
Novel design for Memristor-based n to 1 multiplexer using new IMPLY logic approach

Multiplexer is one of the widely used logics in VLSI design. This paper presents a novel method to design the n-input Memristor-based AND and OR operations. Then, two methods are proposed to design complete and incomplete n to 1 Memristor-based multiplexers (MUXs) based on these novel Memristor-based AND and OR operations. The simulation results confirm the accuracy and functionality of the proposed methods. The comparison between n to 1 MUXs shows that the proposed n to 1 MUXs provide improvements in terms of area and speed compared to other n to 1 MUXs.
Trends in FDA Transporter‐Based Post‐Marketing Requirements and Commitments Over the Last Decade

Characterizing interactions between new molecular entities (NMEs) and drug transporters is a critical element of drug development that helps in assessing potential transporter‐based drug–drug interactions (DDIs). However, not all NME new drug applications (NDAs) include a full characterization of NMEs transporter‐based DDIs, which necessitates the issuance of post‐marketing requirement (PMR)/post‐marketing commitment (PMC) by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to characterize these potential interactions. The objective of this analysis is to identify trends in transporter‐based PMRs/PMCs issued by the FDA between 2012 and 2021. A decrease in the number of transporter‐based PMRs/PMCs was observed from 2012 to 2016 and an increasing trend in the number of PMRs/PMCs was observed after 2017. The majority of these transporter‐based PMRs/PMCs requested clinical evaluation (48%), some requested in vitro assessment (38%), and 2.5% requested modeling and simulation assessment. Most of the PMRs/PMCs requested evaluation of NMEs as perpetrator with the efflux transporters, P‐gp and/or BCRP (53%). Forty‐eight percent of the PMRs/PMCs were fulfilled with 67% resulted in labeling updates. On average, 2.5 years were needed for the information related to PMRs/PMCs to show in NMEs labeling. In conclusion, this analysis highlights the increased emphasis from the FDA on proper characterization of transporter‐based DDI and call for the need of early characterization of NMEs‐transporters interaction before initial NDA approval.
Decision tree optimization for sukuk rating prediction

Sukuk, an Islamic finance framework for securitization, has increasingly popular in the last few years. The fast growth of Sukuk as Shariah-compliant financial instruments alternative to conventional bond has raised the issue of rating the Sukuk issuance. Recent trade and academic literature show that predicting Sukuk rating has been of interest to potential investors as well as to the firm. Unfortunately, in the current practice, often conventional bond and Sukuk were rated using similar method, hence ignore the fact that these two instruments are different in nature. It is the aim of this research to develop an optimum model to predict Sukuk rating using decision tree approach. Several models were produced using different attribute selection measures, namely gain ratio, Gini index and information gain. The effectiveness of the proposed models were evaluated using dataset on Sukuk issuance for domestic from 2006 to 2015. The results indicate that the decision tree model with Gini index as the criterion performs significantly better than the model produced using decision tree algorithm. Keywords: Sukuk, rating, prediction, neural network
Vitamin D supplementation and antibiotic use in older Australian adults - an analysis of data from the D-Health Trial.

BACKGROUND Vitamin D supplementation may reduce the risk or severity of infection, but this has been investigated in few large population-based trials. We analyzed data from the D-Health Trial, using prescription of antibiotics as a surrogate for infection. METHODS The D-Health Trial is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in which 21,315 Australians aged 60-84 years were randomized to 60,000 IU of supplementary vitamin D3 or placebo monthly for 5 years. For this analysis, the primary outcome was the number of antibiotic prescription episodes; secondary outcomes were total number of prescriptions; repeat prescription episodes; and antibiotics for urinary tract infection. We estimated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) using negative binomial regression, and odds ratios using logistic regression. RESULTS Vitamin D supplementation slightly reduced the number of prescription episodes (IRR 0.98, 95% CI 0.95-1.01), total prescriptions (IRR 0.97, 95% CI 0.93-1.00), and repeat prescription episodes (IRR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93-1.00). There was stronger evidence of benefit in people predicted to have insufficient vitamin D at baseline (prescription episodes IRR 0.93, 95% CI 0.87-0.99). CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D may reduce the number of antibiotic prescriptions, particularly in people with low vitamin D status. This supports the hypothesis that vitamin D has a clinically relevant effect on the immune system.