Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EVOLUTION DES TRANSPORTS EN COMMUN EN AMERIQUE LATINE

DANS CET ARTICLE L'AUTEUR ETUDIE LES PROBLEMES PARTICULIERS AUXQUELS SONT CONFRONTES LES PAYS D'AMERIQUE LATINE, A LA FOIS DANS LES DOMAINES DE L'EQUIPEMENT ET DE L'EXPLOITATION. SUR LE PLAN DES TECHNOLOGIES, LES SYSTEMES DE TRANSPORTS LES PLUS REPANDUS MARQUENT LES ETAPES DE L'EVOLUTION DU TAXI COLLECTIF VERS L'AUTOBUS, QUI NEANMOINS, TRES SOUVENT, A UNE CONCEPTION TELLE QU'IL N'EST PAS ADAPTE AU TRAFIC URBAIN. L'EXPLOITATION QUI ETAIT FAITE PAR DES ENTREPRISES INDIVIDUELLES ARTISINALES, ISOLEES OU GROUPEES SOUS LA FORME DE COOPERATIVES DE CHAUFFEURS, A PERDU AUX COURS DES DERNIERES ANNEES SA STRICTE AUTONOMIE FINANCIERE ET L'INTERVENTION DES POUVOIRS PUBLICS EST DEVENUE PEU A PEU LA REGLE.
Time-Series Clustering of Single-Cell Trajectories in Collective Cell Migration

Simple Summary In this study, we normalized trajectories containing both mesenchymal and epithelial cells to remove the effect of cell location on clustering, and performed a dimensionality reduction on the time series data before clustering. When the clustering results were superimposed on the trajectories prior to normalization, the results still showed similarities in location, indicating that this method can find cells with similar migration patterns. These data highlight the reliability of this method in identifying consistent migration patterns in collective cell migration. Abstract Collective invasion drives multicellular cancer cells to spread to surrounding normal tissues. To fully comprehend metastasis, the methodology of analysis of individual cell migration in tissue should be well developed. Extracting and classifying cells with similar migratory characteristics in a colony would facilitate an understanding of complex cell migration patterns. Here, we used electrospun fibers as the extracellular matrix for the in vitro modeling of collective cell migration, clustering of mesenchymal and epithelial cells based on trajectories, and analysis of collective migration patterns based on trajectory similarity. We normalized the trajectories to eliminate the effect of cell location on clustering and used uniform manifold approximation and projection to perform dimensionality reduction on the time-series data before clustering. When the clustering results were superimposed on the trajectories before normalization, the results still exhibited positional similarity, thereby demonstrating that this method can identify cells with similar migration patterns. The same cluster contained both mesenchymal and epithelial cells, and this result was related to cell location and cell division. These data highlight the reliability of this method in identifying consistent migration patterns during collective cell migration. This provides new insights into the epithelial–mesenchymal interactions that affect migration patterns.
Multifunctional Plasmon-Induced Transparency Devices Based on Hybrid Metamaterial-Waveguide Systems

In this paper, we design a multifunctional micro-nano device with a hybrid metamaterial-waveguide system, which leads to a triple plasmon-induced transparency (PIT). The formation mechanisms of the three transparent peaks have their own unique characteristics. First, PIT-I can be switched into the BIC (Friedrich–Wintge bound state in continuum), and the quality factors (Q-factors) of the transparency window of PIT-I are increased during the process. Second, PIT-II comes from near-field coupling between two bright modes. Third, PIT-III is generated by the near-field coupling between a low-Q broadband bright mode and a high-Q narrowband guide mode, which also has a high-Q transparent window due to the guide mode. The triple-PIT described above can be dynamically tuned by the gate voltage of the graphene, particularly for the dynamic tuning of the Q values of PIT-I and PIT-III. Based on the high Q value of the transparent window, our proposed structure can be used for highly sensitive refractive index sensors or devices with prominent slow light effects.
Tenner for hele livet

Forfatter Gunhild V. Strand, Professor, dr.odont. Institutt for klinisk odontologi, Universitetet i Bergen, Norge En viktig helsepolitisk målsetting er at befolkningen skal kunne beholde naturlige tenner gjennom hele livet. De mange år som pensjonister, som stadig flere mennesker oppnår, bør være «kvalitetsår». Avtakbare proteser er i mange tilfeller et dårlig og uakseptabelt alternativ. Denne artikkelen diskuterer årsakene til tap av tenner og beskriver utfordringer for oral helse som man møter i eldre år. Tidlig diagnose av primær rotkaries er viktig fordi slike lesjoner kan behandles med ikke-invasive teknikker. Operativ behandling svekker ofte tannen fordi det ikke finnes aktuelle restorative materialer som styrker den. Gjentatt vevs-destruktiv behandling fører til hyppige frakturer hos eldre mennesker. Kroneterapi er et godt alternativ, men bruken begrenses av faktorer som pasientens allmenne helsetilstand, tannsettets prognose i lys av pasientens alder, evne og vilje til å følge opp behandlingen og pasientens økonomiske forhold. Disse faktorene gjør at utradisjonelle løsninger kan være nødvendige. Slik behandling er berettiget og legitim så lenge tannlegen arbeider til beste for pasienten.
Short-bearing approximation for full journal bearings

A short-bearing approximation of pressure distribution in the oil film is presented which is an extension of the pressure-distribution function of Michell and Cardullo and includes end-leakage effects. Equations giving applied load, attitude angle, location and magnitude of peak film pressure, friction, and required oil flow rate as functions of the eccentricity ratio are also given. The capacity number, a basic non dimensional quantity resulting from this analysis is the product of the Sommerfeld number and the square of the length-diameter ratio. Curves determined by this analysis are compared with previously published experimental data and theoretical curves of Sommerfeld and Cameron and Wood. Conclusions reached indicate that this approximation is of practical value for analysis of short bearings.
Pharmacological potential of ants and their symbionts – a review

Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) play an important role in the pharmacological and food industry due to their therapeutic and nutritional properties. Being the most abundant eusocial insects in the world, ants also serve as a repository of bioactive compounds, which are utilized for their ecological interactions and defense. Ants have been used for the treatment of various diseases including asthma, cancer, arthritis, and other microbial infections in both modern and ethnic medicine. This is attributed to various compounds, such as antimicrobial peptides, biogenic amines, alkaloids, and flavonoids obtained from ant venom as well as whole‐body extracts. However, most of these compounds have not been characterized till date. Ant endosymbionts are also known to contribute to some of these properties and to play a crucial role in digestion, protection from enemies, nutritional upgrading, nitrogen recycling, and reproductive manipulation of their host. Hence, they have been used in pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries due to their ability to produce various bioactive compounds. In contrast, ectosymbionts specifically help in pathogen defense. However, the potential of ant symbionts in the welfare and production of therapeutic compounds is not extensively studied. This review mainly focuses on the role of ants and their symbiotic microbes as a potential source of bioactive compounds in therapeutic interventions for exploring future possibilities in drug development research.
Statistical Inverse Problem

A fundamental problem of statistical data analysis, distribution density estimation by experimental data, is considered. A new method with optimal asymptotic behavior, the root density estimator, is developed. The method proposed may be applied to its full extent to solve the statistical inverse problem of quantum mechanics, namely, estimating the psi function on the basis of the results of mutually complementing experiments.
Generalized Regression Estimators

Regression and regression related procedures have been used often in survey estimation. We review the basic properties of regression estimators and investigate variance estimation for regression estimators. Some range restricted regression procedures are also explored. Keywords: auxiliary information; poststratification; difference estimator; ratio estimator; raking ratio procedure; quadratic programming
Radiation and climate

1. The Climate System 2. Atmospheric Physics and Thermodynamics 3. Radiation Transfer Theory 4. Thermal Infrared Transfer in the Atmosphere 5. Incoming Solar Radiation 6. Solar Radiation Transfer in the Atmosphere 7. Atmospheric Photochemistry 8. The Earth's Radiation Budget 9. Theory of Radiation Measurements 10. Climate Observations by Radiometry and Spectrometry 11. Climate Modelling 12. Planetary Evolution and Comparative Climatology
An AI-in-Loop Fuzzy-Control Technique for UAV’s Stabilization and Landing

In this paper, an adaptable fuzzy control mechanism for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to manipulate its mechanical actuators is provided. The mission (landing) for the UAV is defined to track (land on) an object that is detected by a deep learning object detection algorithm. The inputs of the controller are the location and speed of the UAV that have been calculated based on the location of the detected object. Two separate fuzzy controllers are proposed to control the UAV’s motor throttle and its roll and pitch over the mission and landing time. Fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is an intelligent controller that can be used to compensate for the non-linearity behaviour of the UAV by designing a specific fuzzy rule base. These rules will be utilized to adjust the control parameters during the mission and landing period in runtime. To add the effect of the ground for tuning the FLC membership function over the landing operation, a computational flow dynamic (CFD) modeling has been investigated. The proposed techniques is evaluated on MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform and real environment. Statistical analysis of the UAV location reported during stabilization and landing process, on both simulation and real platform, show that the proposed technique outperforms the similar state-of-art control techniques for both mission and landing control.
Robust Simultaneous Localization and Mapping Using Range and Bearing Estimation of Radio Ultra High Frequency Identification Tags

In this article, we consider an indoor simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) problem for a mobile robot measuring the phase of the signal backscattered by a set of passive radio ultra high frequency identification (ID) tags, deployed in unknown position on the ceiling of the environment. The solution approach is based on the introduction, for each radio frequency identification (RFID) tag observed, of a multihypothesis extended Kalman filter (MHEKF) which, based on the measured phases and on the wheel encoder readings, provides an estimate of the range and of the bearing of the observed tag with respect to the robot. This information is then used in an extended Kalman filter (EKF) solving the SLAM problem. Since an effective range and bearing estimate is available only after some steps, a resilient module is added to the algorithm to evaluate the reliability of the position estimate of each observed tag. As shown through numerical and experimental results, this makes the proposed approach robust with respect to several kinds of unmodeled disturbances, like multipath effects or even the unexpected change of the position of a tag.
The Performance of Visual, Auditory, and Motor Cognitive Flexibility for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Taiwan

Purpose Few studies have tested the cognitive flexibility, specifically auditory and motor flexibility of children with ASD. This study was conducted to understand the relationship between cognitive flexibility and visual, auditory, and motor development in young children with ASD and autistic behaviors. Participants and methods A purposive sampling approach was used to screen nineteen four- to five-year-old ASD children. Tests included the Autism Behavior Checklist-Taiwan Version and Cognitive Flexibility Test, which included visual, auditory, and motor cognitive flexibility subtests. Results At the pre-switch and post-switch of three subtests, there were considerable variations in the number of ASD passing. According to the findings, children aged five had more visual cognitive flexibility than children aged four, but the lack of significant differences for the other flexibilities. The negative correlation of the three cognitive flexibilities with autistic behaviors was −0.57~-0.64. Conclusion Children with ASD have significant difficulties in switching rule tasks characterized by visual, auditory, and motor cognitive flexibility. The results suggest that visual cognitive flexibility had an age effect. The negative correlation of the three cognitive flexibilities with autistic behaviors was moderate.
Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients: a review

Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients are a class of Galactic High Mass X-ray Binaries with supergiant companions. Their extreme transient X-ray flaring activity was unveiled thanks to INTEGRAL/IBIS observations. The SFXTs dynamic range, with X-ray luminosities from 1E32 erg/s to 1E37 erg/s, and long time intervals of low X-ray emission, are puzzling, given that both their donor star properties and their orbital and spin periodicities seem very similar to those displayed by massive binaries with persistent X-ray emission. Clumpy supergiant winds, accretion barriers, orbital geometries and wind anisotropies are often invoked to explain their behavior, but still several open issues remain. A review of the main recent observational results will be outlined, together with a summary of the new scenarios proposed to explain their bright flaring X-ray activity. The main result of a long Suzaku observation of the SFXT IGRJ16479-4514 with the shortest orbital period is also briefly summarized. The observation of the X-ray eclipse in this source allowed us to directly probe the supergiant wind density at the orbital separation, leading to the conclusion that it is too large to justify the low X-ray luminosity. A mechanism reducing the accretion rate onto the compact object is required.
Ultra‐miniaturised C‐band power divider using capacitive loading and defect grounded structures

This article reports a compact Power Divider design employing a combination of a capacitive load and Defect Grounded Structures (DGS) on GaAs substrate for MMIC technology in the C band. The integration of these two techniques offers a compact power divider with a decrease in quarter‐wave transmission line length from λ/4 to λ/16 and harmonic suppression up to 50 GHz. Capacitive loading reduces the size, and DGS improves harmonic suppression and further decreases the size of the structure. The designed power divider is simulated in Ansys HFSS 19.2 and provides a return loss of 25.66 dB, with an insertion loss of 3.01 dB at 5.4 GHz and isolation of 13.37 dB. Isolation is further improved to 30.89 dB using a parallel combination of resistor and capacitor in the isolation network. The prototype of the proposed circuit has been fabricated using RT/duroid® 5880 as substrate. Measurement results show insertion loss and return loss of 3.02 and 23.46 dB. Isolation of 22.43 dB was achieved. The proposed design provides a size reduction of 73.7% with harmonic suppression up to 10th harmonics by 10 dB, making it suitable for high‐performance monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC).
Dynamical Properties of Tidally Induced Galactic Bars

We simulated a series of fully three-dimensional N-body models of tidal encounters between a disk galaxy and a perturbing galaxy to investigate the dynamical properties of tidally induced galactic bars, especially in connection with the resonance structure, which we have little knowledge about. We also calculated another set of N-body models on isolated galaxies with bar-unstable disks to make a comparison between galactic bars of different origins. To reveal the resonances in a highly nonaxisymmetric potential for which the ordinary method of deriving resonances using the Ω ± κ/2 curves gives unreliable results, we employed the analysis based on the families of periodic orbits in a barred potential. It is found from our simulations that the tidally induced bars sometimes rotate quite slowly and have inner Lindblad resonances (ILR) near the bar ends, whereas the spontaneously formed bars have no ILR and end near corotation because of their fast rotation. Since the difference in resonance structures affects the kinematics of the interstellar gas, these peculiar bars terminated by ILRs may give us a new way of creating the vast morphological and kinematical variety observed in the real barred galaxies, which may not be explained solely by the spontaneous bars. Slow rotation of the tidal bar is caused by two major factors. First, the small mass fraction of the disk in which a tidal bar is created leads to a small pattern speed. Second, the angular momentum transfer from the inner disk to the perturber at the time when the perturber passes the pericenter serves to reduce the pattern speed. The former effect is observed most clearly in the light disk models in which only 10% of the total mass of the galaxy is ascribed to the disk component. On the other hand, massive disk models in which the disk is stabilized by large random motions in disk stars are quite sensitive to the second process. This complicated behavior of tidal bars can be understood naturally by recognizing two regimes of tidal bar formation. When the tidal perturbation is relatively weak, it works only as a trigger of bar formation, and the bar properties are determined largely by the internal structure of the target galaxy. On the other hand, a sufficiently strong tidal perturbation washes out the intrinsic property of the target galaxy and imposes on the bar a common characteristic determined by the parameters of the tidal encounter.
Block-diagonalization of matrices over local rings.II

Consider rectangular matrices over a local ring R. In the previous work we have obtained criteria for block-diagonalization of such matrices, i.e. U A V=A_1\oplus A_2, where U,V are invertible matrices over R. In this short note we extend the criteria to the decomposability of quiver representations over R.
Inverse Gaussian regression and accelerated life tests

parameter(s) to the stress variable. In addition to the consideration of empirical fit, a life distribution derived from reasonable postulates of the underlying failure process adds credence to its statistical use. The exponential, Weibull and log-normal families have been the popular choices in the extensive literature of engineering applications of accelerated stress testing. The first two draw from the extreme value theory and have simple forms of the failure rate function while the third is capable of using the large resources of the normal theory inference results. In regard to the parameter-stress relation, some empirical engineering models, such as the Arrhenius, Eyring and inverse power law, are ordinarily used. These are cast in a common framework that makes the logarithm of the scale parameter of the life distribution linearly related to the stress. Consequently, the distribution of the log-life is in a location-scale form with a linear regression for the location. Inference procedures under these formulations are discussed in Mann, Sch? fer and Singpurwalla (1974), Nelson (1971) and others. This article focuses on a versatile but not so well known life distribution, called the inverse Gaussian distribution IG(9,X), whose probability density
Paradoxes of Nostalgia

In Paradoxes of Nostalgia; Penny M. Von Eschen offers a sweeping examination of the cold war’s afterlife and the lingering shadows it casts over geopolitics, journalism, and popular culture. She shows how myriad forms of nostalgia across the globe—from those that posit a mythic national past to those critical of neoliberalism that remember a time when people believed in the possibility of a collective good—indelibly shape the post-cold war era. When Western triumphalism moved into the global South and former Eastern bloc spaces, many articulated a powerful sense of loss and a longing for stability. Innovatively bringing together diplomatic archives, museums, films, and video games, Von Eschen shows that as the United States continuously sought new enemies for its unipolar world, cold war triumphalism fueled the ascendancy of xenophobic right-wing nationalism and the embrace of authoritarian sensibilities in the United States and beyond. Ultimately, she demonstrates that triumphalist claims that capitalism and military might won the cold war distort the past and disfigure the present, undermining democratic values and institutions.
A Disposable Electromagnetic Bi-Directional Micropump Utilizing a Rotating Multi-Pole Ring Magnetic Coupling

Electromagnetic bi-directional micropumps (EMBM) are indispensable for the development of portable devices which enable fluid transportation in forward and reverse directions. However, the high disposal cost of rare-earth magnets attached to the fluidic part and the low pump density due to multiple motors limit their practical application in disposable multi-channel microfluidic applications such as droplet-based oscillatory-flow (DBOF) rapid PCR amplification. Therefore, this paper presented a low-cost, disposable, high-pump-density EMBM. To reduce the disposal cost, we separated the magnets from the disposable fluidic part and used cylindrical holes to store and guide the magnet, which resulted in the ability to reuse all the magnets. To increase the pump density, we used the combination of one motor and one multi-pole ring magnet to drive several channels simultaneously. A proof-of-concept prototype with a pump density of 0.28 cm−2 was fabricated and experimentally evaluated. The fabricated micropump exhibited a maximum flow rate of 0.86 mL/min and a maximum backpressure of 0.5 kPa at a resonant frequency around 50 Hz. The developed multi-channel micropump with reusable magnets is highly beneficial to the development of low-cost and high-throughput rapid PCR amplification microchips and therefore can have a significant impact on timely infectious disease recognition and intervention.
Padronização da Descrição de Produtos Comerciais utilizando NER

Descrições de produtos dos estabelecimentos varejistas são informações utilizadas em análises de mercado, mas normalmente, essas descrições são mal estruturadas, não-padronizadas e variam muito para um mesmo produto. Este artigo propõe o uso de técnicas de processamento de linguagem natural, mais especificamente, um ramo conhecido como NER (Named Entity Recognition), para resolver a geração automática de descrições padronizadas a partir de descrições de produtos de varejo. Como resultado, o modelo treinado mostrou-se adequado para extrair as informações características de novos produtos lançados no mercado e a consequente construção de suas descrições padronizadas.