Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HOMOGENIZATION OF COMPLEX FLOWS IN POROUS MEDIA AND APPLICATIONS

Our work is a contribution to the understanding of transport of solutes in a porous medium. It has applications in groundwater contaminant transport, CO2 sequestration, underground storage of nuclear waste, oil reservoir simulations. We derive expressions for the effective Taylor dispersion taking into account convection, diffusion, heterogeneous geometry of the porous medium and reaction phenomena. Microscopic phenomena at the pore scale are upscaled to obtain effective behaviour at the observation scale. Method of two-scale convergence with drift from the theory of homogenization is employed as an upscaling technique. In the first part of our work, we consider reactions of mass exchange type, adsorption/desorption, at the fluid-solid interface of the porous medium. Starting with coupled convection-diffusion equations for bulk and surface concentrations of a single solute, coupled via adsorption isotherms, at a microscopic scale we derive effective equations at the macroscopic scale. We consider the microscopic system with highly oscillating coefficients in a strong convection regime i.e., large Peclet regime. The presence of strong convection in the microscopic model leads to the induction of a large drift in the concentration profiles. Both linear and nonlinear adsorption isotherms are considered and the results are compared. In the second part of our work we generalize our results on single component flow to multicomponent flow in a linear setting. In the latter case, the effective parameters are obtained using Factorization principle and two-scale convergence with drift. The behaviour of effective parameters with respect to Peclet number and Damkohler number are numerically studied. Freefem++ is used to perform numerical tests in two dimensions.
Phase II study of lenvatinib in combination with GEMOX chemotherapy for advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

e16163 Background: The prognosis of advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remains dismal with gemcitabine-based first-line chemotherapy. This study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of lenvatinib in combination with gemcitabine and oxaliplatin (Gemox) chemotherapy in the advanced ICC. Methods: Locally advanced or metastatic ICC patients (pts) were given lenvatinib 12 mg/day (body weight ≥60 kg) or 8 mg/day (body weight <60 kg) oral administration, once daily. They also received 1g/m² gemcitabine on Day 1 and Day 8, and 85 mg/m² oxaliplatin Q3W by IV for 6-8 cycles. The primary outcome was objective response rate (ORR) and secondary outcomes included safety, disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). ORR, DCR and PFS were measured according to RECIST 1.1. Treatment would be terminated by confirmed disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or voluntary withdrawal. Results: From March 2020 to Sep. 2020, 30 pathologically-confirmed advanced ICC pts with a mean age of 59.2 (range, 33-74) years, including 14 women (46.7%), were enrolled at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University. At the end of last follow-up (February 10, 2021), the ORR was 30.0% (9/30; 95% CI: 14.7%-49.4%). The disease control rate (DCR) was 86.7% (26/30; 95% CI: 69.3%-96.2%). Median follow-up was 6.8 months. One pt with locally advanced disease was down-staged and then underwent resection. This patient remained disease-free survival at the end of last follow-up. 11 pts experienced disease progression and 8 pts have died. The median PFS and OS have not been reached. Median duration of response (DOR) has not been reached and responses were ongoing in 6/9 (66.7%) pts. 6-months OS rate was 92.6%. No grade 5 adverse event (AE) was observed in present study. 40.0% (12/30) of pts experienced grade 3 or higher AEs and 5 pts discontinued the treatment owing to fatigue (3 pts), jaundice (1 pt) and vomiting (1 pt). Conclusions: Addition of lenvatinib to Gemox chemotherapy provided modest efficacy with reasonable tolerability in advanced ICC patients. Clinical trial information: (NCT04361331). Clinical trial information: NCT04361331.
Efficient Er/O Doped Silicon Photodiodes at Communication Wavelengths by Deep Cooling

Wide band infrared photodetectors have found a wide range of applications in sensing, communication, and spectral analysis. However, the commonly used infrared photodetectors are based on Ge and III‐V semiconductors which are not complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) compatible and therefore have limited applications. There is a huge demand for silicon‐based infrared photodetectors due to its low‐cost and compatibility with CMOS processes. Nevertheless, the spectral bandwidth of Si photodetectors is limited to wavelengths below 1.1 µm. Several approaches are developed to extend Si photodetection bandwidth to communication wavelengths. Er/O doped Si is a promising approach which, however, suffers from low infrared responsivities at room temperature when the samples are treated with the standard rapid thermal annealing (RTA). In this work, a novel deep cooling process to treat Er/O doped silicon waveguide photodiodes is applied. In comparison with RTA process, the deep cooling process reduces the defect concentration in silicon by two orders of magnitude, resulting in a two‐orders‐of‐magnitude reduction in leakage current density and an enhanced photoresponsivity to 100 mA W−1 at 1510 nm. The 3dB bandwidth of the silicon waveguide photodiode reaches 30 kHz. The device performance can be further improved by optimizing the deep cooling condition and Er/O doping concentration.
Spectral signatures in the UV range can be combined with secondary plant metabolites by deep learning to characterize barley–powdery mildew interaction

In recent studies, the potential of hyperspectral sensors for the analysis of plant-pathogen interactions was expanded to the ultraviolet range (UV; 200-380 nm) to monitor stress processes in plants. A hyperspectral imaging set-up was established to highlight the influence of early plant-pathogen interactions on secondary plant metabolites. In this study, the plant-pathogen interactions of three different barley lines inoculated with Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei ( Bgh, powdery mildew) were investigated. One susceptible genotype (cv. Ingrid, wild type) and two resistant genotypes (Pallas 01, Mla1 and Mla12 based resistance and Pallas 22, mlo5 based resistance) were used. During the first five days after inoculation (dai) the plant reflectance patterns were recorded and in parallel plant metabolites relevant in host-pathogen interaction were studied. Hyperspectral measurements in the UV-range revealed that a differentiation between barley genotypes inoculated with Bgh is possible and distinct reflectance patterns were recorded for each genotype. The extracted and analyzedanalysed pigments and flavonoids correlated with the spectral data recorded. A classification of non-inoculated and inoculated samples with deep learning revealed that a high performance can be achieved with self-attention networks. The subsequent feature importance identified wavelengths, which were most important for the classification, and these wavelengths were linked to pigments and flavonoids. Hyperspectral imaging in the UV-range allows for a characterisation of different resistance reactions, can be linked to changes of secondary plant metabolites with the advantage of being a non-invasive method and therefore enables a greater understanding of the plants' reaction to biotic stress as well as resistance reactions.
Sociolinguistics Study of Aravind Adiga’s White Tiger

This paper comprises the sociolinguistic concepts which are hidden in the Aravind Adiga’s novel White Tiger. And it will let us know how Aravind Adiga managed to reach his audience effortlessly. Aravind Adiga is a Man Booker Prize Winner of 2008, for his debut novel ‘White Tiger’. White Tiger is the story of a common man, who manages to attain tremendous success, later starts working as an Entrepreneur. The protagonist, Balram Halwai, narrates this novel, he sends letters to Premier of China, who will soon be visiting India. Moreover, this novel comprises of sociolinguistic elements such as the names are mostly of Indian origin, prestige feature. Aravind Adiga is being chosen as a writer to be tested on sociolinguistic grounds because there is an apt amount of sociolinguistic elements (code switching, high prestige, low prestige, etc.) in his novels. Aravind Adiga reaches the reader's heart, by using appropriate language in the manner his target audience can understand. This paper also verifies the sociolinguistic impact on Aravind Adiga, in the midst of this we realise the importance of sociolinguistic theories. Society and culture play a vital role in our language acquisition, and it shapes our respective roles in society. Ultimately, this can let us know how language variation occurs and impacts the users. Language is like a river, it changes its directions with time, place, communities, etc, and certain meanings avert or change slightly from the original meanings.
Pressing and Infiltration of Metal Matrix Nanocomposites

The ability to produce metal matrix nanocomposites via pressing and infiltration was validated. Al/TiC nanocomposite was used as the model material. Pressing the powder in a die yielded cylindrical specimens with a green density of 1.98 ± 0.05 g/cm3, which was increased to only 2.11 ± 0.12 g/cm3 by sintering. Direct infiltration of the pressed specimens at 1050 °C for 3.5 h yielded specimens with a density of 3.07 ± 0.08 g/cm3, an open porosity of 3.06 ± 1.40%, and an areal void fraction of 8.09 ± 2.67%. The TiC nanoparticles were verified to be well dispersed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The measured hardness of 64 ± 3 HRA makes it a promising material for structural applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive.
Phenotypic and molecular characterization of multiple-resistant gram-negative bacteria in urine of pregnant women attending antenatal clinic of Mother and Child hospital, Ondo, Nigeria

Phenotypic and molecular characterization of multiple antibiotic resistant Gram-negative bacteria in urine samples of pregnant women in Mother and Child Hospital, Nigeria was reported. In the study, 407 apparently healthy pregnant women were recruited. Structured questionnaire was administered to the patients to obtain their socio-demographic information and the medical history. Urine samples were collected, processed and analysed using standard microbiological procedures. Detailed identification of the bacteria isolates was done using biochemical characterization using Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology and Analytical Profile Index (API) Kit. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the bacteria isolates was carried out using the Kirby-Bauer’s disk diffusion technique. Detection of the beta lactamase resistance genes (bla CTX-M and Tet A) was done by polymerase chain reactions (PCR) with appropriate primers. The following Gram-negative bacteria were recovered comprising Pseudomonas aeruginosa 48 (34.0%), Escherichia coli 30 (21.3%), Klebsiella sp. 27 (19.1%), Proteus sp. 15 (10.6%), Salmonella sp. 8 (5.7%), Providencia rettgeri, 4 (2.8%) and Enterobacter cloacae 4(2.8%) and other enterobacteriaceae 5 (3.5%). Resistance of the isolates to antibiotics used varied greatly among the isolates. Resistance to antibiotics was highest with P. aeruginosa having 100% to augumentin, tetracylines, amoxicillin, nitrofurantoin, cotrimoxazole, ceftriazone, cefixime (97.9%) and cefuroxime (95.8%). There was diversity in the multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) patterns among the isolates with 12 different MAR patterns observed. The selected P. aeruginosa profiled for resistance genes harboured bla-CTX-M (585bp) and Tet A (954bp) genes. The multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria recovered could pose great health challenge to the pregnant women and the unborn foetus. Key words: Gram negative bacteria, antibiotics, enterobacteriaceae, resistance genes.
Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd; DS-8201) in patients (pts) with HER2-expressing metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): Final results from a phase 2, multicenter, open-label study (DESTINY-CRC01).

3505 Background: T-DXd is an antibody–drug conjugate of a humanized anti-HER2 antibody bound to a topoisomerase I inhibitor by a cleavable linker. The primary analysis of DESTINY-CRC01 (DS8201-A-J203; NCT03384940), a phase 2, open-label, multicenter study of T-DXd in pts with HER2-expressing mCRC showed promising antitumor activity and a manageable safety profile (cohort A median follow-up [FU], 27.1 weeks; Siena S, ASCO 2020). We present updated longer-term efficacy and safety data. Methods: Pts had centrally confirmed HER2-expressing, RAS wild-type mCRC that progressed after ≥2 prior regimens. 6.4 mg/kg of T-DXd was administered every 3 weeks (Q3W) in 3 cohorts (A: HER2 IHC3+ or IHC2+/ISH+; B: IHC2+/ISH−; C: IHC1+). The primary end point was confirmed objective response rate (ORR) by independent central review in cohort A. Secondary end points were disease control rate (DCR; CR + PR + SD), duration of response (DOR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Results: At data cutoff (Dec 28, 2020), 86 pts (A, 53; B, 15; C, 18) received T-DXd. Median age was 58.5 y (range, 27-79), 53.5% were male, and 90.7% had left colon or rectum cancer. Median prior regimens for metastatic disease was 4 (range, 2-11). All pts had prior irinotecan; 30.2% in cohort A had prior anti-HER2 therapy. Median (m) treatment duration (all pts) was 3.0 mo (95% CI, 2.1-4.1; cohort A, 5.1 mo [95% CI, 3.9-7.6]). In cohort A (median FU, 62.4 weeks), confirmed ORR was 45.3% (24/53 pts; 95% CI, 31.6-59.6), DCR was 83.0% (44/53 pts; 95% CI, 70.2-91.9), mDOR was 7.0 mo (95% CI, 5.8-9.5), mPFS was 6.9 mo (95% CI, 4.1-8.7) with 37 (69.8%) PFS events, and mOS was 15.5 mo (95% CI, 8.8-20.8) with 36 (67.9%) OS events. These results are consistent with the primary analysis. Confirmed ORR was 43.8% (7/16 pts; 95% CI, 19.8-70.1) in pts with prior anti-HER2 therapy, 57.5% (23/40 pts; 95% CI, 40.9-73.0) in pts with IHC3+ status, and 7.7% (1/13 pts; 95% CI, 0.2-36.0) in pts with IHC2+/ISH+ status. In cohorts B and C, mPFS was 2.1 mo (95% CI, 1.4-4.1) and 1.4 mo (95% CI, 1.3-2.1); mOS was 7.3 mo (95% CI, 3.0-NE) and 7.7 mo (95% CI, 2.2-13.9), respectively. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) of grade (G) ≥3 occurred in 65.1% of pts (56/86); the most common TEAEs were hematologic and gastrointestinal. TEAEs leading to drug discontinuation occurred in 13 pts (15.1%). 8 pts (9.3%) had interstitial lung disease (ILD) adjudicated by an independent committee as related to T-DXd (4 G2; 1 G3; 3 G5). Conclusions: T-DXd at 6.4 mg/kg Q3W showed promising activity and durability with longer-term FU in this pt population. The safety profile was consistent with prior results; ILD continues to be recognized as an important identified risk that requires careful monitoring and intervention as needed. These results support continued exploration of T-DXd in pts with HER2-overexpressing mCRC. Clinical trial information: NCT03384940.
Exploitation of Enzymes for the Production of Biofuels: Electrochemical Determination of Kinetic Parameters of LPMOs

Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) consist of a class of enzymes that boost the release of oxidised products from plant biomass, in an approach that is more eco-friendly than the traditional ones, employing harsh chemicals. Since LPMOs are redox enzymes, they could possibly be exploited by immobilisation on electrode surfaces. Such an approach requires knowledge of kinetic and thermodynamic information for the interaction of the enzyme with the electrode surface. In this work, a novel methodology is applied for the determination of such parameters for an LPMO from the filamentous fungus Thermothelomyces thermophila, MtLPMO9H.
THE STUDY ABOUT ELECTRIC VEHICLES IN LITHUANIA

Electric cars are very important for the circular economy. If we are using the electric vehicle we can reduce emission savings and protect the environment. Electric vehicles can contribute to energy efficiency, reducing carbon emissions unfortunately, despite everything, the development of the electric vehicle market in Lithuania remains relatively slow. Electric vehicles are more expensive than traditional vehicles, there is a lack of the necessary infrastructure, and consumers do not have enough information on the benefits of green cars. The main purpose of this article is to research electric vehicles market in Lithuania. The methods of research include scientific literature analysis, statistics data comparative analysis. Electrical vehicle market in Lithuania is growing. From 2017 until 2020 M1 class electric cars was purchased 35 %. At the same period the market of new electric car increased 50 %, used electric vehicle increased only 27 %.
Message sharing and verification behaviour on social media during the COVID-19 pandemic: a study in the context of India and the USA

PurposeTechnology has eased access to information. During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, ease of access and transmission of information via social media has led to ambiguity, misinformation and uncertainty. This research studies the aforementioned behaviours of information sharing and verification related to COVID-19, in the context of social media.Design/methodology/approachTwo studies have been carried out. Study 1, with Indian social media users, is a two-factor between-subjects experimental design that investigated the effect of message polarity (positive versus negative) and message type (news versus rumour) on the dissemination and verification behaviour of COVID-19-related messages. The study also investigated the mediation of perceived message importance and health anxiety. Study 2 is a replica study conducted with US users.FindingsThe study finding revealed significantly higher message sharing for news than rumour. Further, for the Indian users, message with positive polarity led to higher message sharing and message with negative polarity led to higher verification behaviour. On the contrary, for the US users, message with negative polarity led to higher message sharing and message with positive polarity led to higher verification behaviour. Finally, the study revealed message importance mediates the relationship of message type and message sharing behaviour for Indian and US users; however, health anxiety mediation was significant only for Indian users.Practical implicationsThe findings offer important implications related to information regulation during a health crisis. Unverified information sharing is harmful during a pandemic. The study sheds light on this behaviour such that stakeholders get insights and better manage the information being disseminated.Originality/valueThe study investigates the behaviour of sharing and verification of social media messages between users containing health information (news and rumour) related to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-07-2020-0282
Effects of pH Shock on Hg(II) Complexation by Exopolymers from Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans

ABSTRACT Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is a commonly used bacterial species for leaching gold ores to recover gold. The pH of A. ferrooxidans bioleachates drastically changes from around 2.0 during bioleaching to about pH 8.0 as the cells are discharged together with the mine tailings containing high levels of Hg. It is not known how such a large pH shock would affect the properties of bacterial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and the transport of Hg in the mine tailings. In this study, the biochemical composition, molecular distribution, fluorescence properties and Hg(II) complexation by EPS of A. ferrooxidans cultured at pH 2 and 8 were investigated. It was found that pH shock significantly altered the composition of EPS. A. ferrooxidans yielded more EPS under acid conditions than basic conditions. The acidic EPS contained more macromolecular proteins but less polysaccharide in comparison with the basic EPS. Phosphodiester functional groups in phospholipids and polysaccharides were found in the acidic EPS but not in the basic EPS. One tryptophan protein-like peak and one aromatic protein-like peak were identified in fluorescence spectra of the acidic EPS. Two aromatic protein-like peaks were identified from the fluorescence spectra of the basic EPS. The tryptophan protein-like substances in the acidic EPS interacted with Hg(II) and formed relatively stable complexes but with weak binding ability whereas the fluorescent aromatic protein-like substances in the acidic EPS did not bind Hg(II). However the aromatic protein-like substances in the basic EPS had a strong binding ability for Hg(II). The significant differences in composition and Hg complexation ability between EPS from acidic and basic environments indicate that a large pH shock during leaching of gold may exert a considerable impact on the behavior and fate of Hg in the mining areas.
Narrative Styles and Institutional Isomorphism in South African CEOs’ Shareholder Letters

Among the most-read corporate documents are chief executive officers’ (CEOs’) shareholder letters. Using institutional isomorphism as lens, this study examines the extent to which the narrative styles used by South African CEOs in their shareholder letters are similar to the styles used by CEOs at leading international companies. The study also explores the degree to which impression management techniques are present in the South African CEOs’ shareholder letters. The study uses DICTION software to conduct a narrative analysis of South African CEOs’ shareholder letters for a single financial year, and compares the findings with those drawn from the Craig and Amernic (2018) study of the shareholder letters of CEOs from samples of international Fortune 500 and FTSE 100 companies. The study finds that optimism and realism are the two most-used narrative styles in South African CEOs’ shareholder letters, and that these findings are markedly similar to those generated by the Craig and Amernic (2018) study of international companies. The study contributes to the understanding of normative institutional isomorphism in corporate reporting by providing empirical evidence that the narrative styles employed by CEOs of companies in a developing economy with high corporate governance standards conform to the same norms as those of CEOs of large international companies. The study also finds that the South African CEOs’ dominant communication styles in the shareholder letters lend themselves to being tools of impression management.