Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
US Assessment of Sports-related Hip Injuries 1

Traumatic and overuse hip injuries occur frequently in amateur and professional athletes. After clinical assessment, imaging plays an important role in diagnosis and in defining care management of these injuries. Ultrasonography (US) is being increasingly used in assessment of hip injuries because of the wide availability of US machines, the lower cost, and the unique real-time imaging capability, which allows both static and dynamic evaluation as well as guidance of point-of-care interventions such as fluid aspiration and steroid injection. Accurate diagnosis of hip injuries is often challenging, given the complex soft-tissue anatomy of the hip and the wide spectrum of injuries that can occur. To conduct a skillful US evaluation of hip injuries, physicians must have pertinent knowledge of the normal anatomy and should make judicious use of surface anatomy landmarks while using a compartmentalized diagnostic approach. In this article, common sports-related injuries of the anterior, lateral, and posterior hip compartments are discussed. This review includes assessment of joint effusion, acetabular labral tear, acute and chronic tendon injuries including tendinopathy, partial and full-thickness tears, snapping hip syndromes, relevant US-guided procedures, and some other conditions such as MorelLavallée lesion and perineal nodular induration. Principles of care management and current knowledge on imaging findings that may affect return to activity are also presented. Using an oriented US examination technique and having knowledge of the normal hip anatomy will help physicians characterize US findings of common sports-related hip injuries and make accurate diagnoses.
Passage of Moisture Due to Perspiration in Fabrics

Perspiration moisture is collected in and then passes through the fabric as it is worn. Many characteristics of apparel textiles control collection and passage of moisture. Measurement and choice of moisture related properties associated to the wearing ease have proven to be even complicated than earlier considered. Skin contact comfort and surface wetness of fabrics are interrelated to each other for a wide range of fabrics. This gives an idea that movement of thin layers of gathered perspiration in the form of moisture is an important wearing placate element. This paper deals with the approach of how surface wetness is measured quantitatively, particularly the amount of moisture that is condensed in clothing next to human the skin.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM MÉTODO DE BAIXO CUSTO PARA AVALIAÇÃO DA MARCHA EM RATOS Development of a low-cost method to analyse gait in rats

Abstract Background: Among the most challenging problems found by researchers in studying the gaitof laboratory animals is the selection of appropriate, reliable and easy to replicate evaluationmethods. Since 1980’s, countless alternatives were developed and validated, but that configurelesser practical or higher cost situations. Objective: The present paper describes the developmentof a simple, easy to use, low-cost method for functional evaluation of gait patterns in laboratoryrodents. Methods: Wistar rats (N=10) submitted to a sciatic nerve crush were submitted to theSciatic Function Index (SFI) under analogical and digital methods, accompanied by digitalmeasurement of the ankle-stance angle (ASA) during the stance phase of the gait. Comparisonsbetween analogical and digital data were made 24 hours, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after the crushlesion. Results: Both analogical and digital analyses revealed functional recovery of the gait ofthe rats. In spite of that, the digital analysis is more accurate because it did not suffer deleteriousinterference of the artifacts conspicuous to the analogical one, allowing more precision in theinterpretation of the data. Conclusion: Regardless of the axoniotmesis model that was used totest the different evaluation techniques described here, this method can be used with reliableresults in the study of effects of different experimental conditions of gait mechanisms in rodents.Keywords: Sciatic nerve; Locomotion; Nerve regeneration; Gait analysis; Rats.
Expression and Localization of Androgen Receptor in the R-3327 Dunning Rat Prostatic Adenocarcinoma1

The Dunning R-3327 rat prostatic adenocarcinoma and its sublines have been developed as a model system to study prostate tumor progres sion. We have used this system to study the changes in androgen receptor (AR) and AR mRNA expression which occur during tumor progression from androgen dependent to androgen independent growth. Dorsal pros tate and all tumor sublines contained a 10-kilobase AR mRNA on Northern blot analysis. The levels of AR mRNA in each subline compared to dorsal prostate (100%) were: H (75%) > G (48%) > HI (25%) > HI-F = AT-1 = AT-3 = MAT-Lu = MAT-Ly-Lu = <5%. Immunocytochemistry showed AR predominantly in acinar epithelial cells of dorsal prostate and the androgen sensitive H subline. In the H subline, both acinar epithelial cells and locally invasive adenocarcinoma cells within the stroma showed positive immunostaining. The androgen responsive, anaplastic G subline also showed strong positive immunostaining. The androgen resistant AT-1 and MAT-Lu sublines lacked immunostaining for the AR. Steroid autoradiography revealed a similar cellular distribu tion of AR. These data suggest that in the Dunning system the loss of androgen binding and responsiveness is primarily due to selective changes in gene expression and not to gene rearrangements or posttranscriptional or translational modification of the AR mRNA or protein.
MODEL OF DYNAMICS OF THE GROUPING STATES OF RADIO ELECTRONIC MEANS IN THE PROBLEMS OF ENSURING ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY

Modern comprehensive development of telecommunications means is on the path of globalization and personalization of communications, the intensive creation of new means and systems of terrestrial and satellite based and, as well, their wide integration. The creation of new global telecommunication systems and networks, the intensive development of corporate communication systems, a significant increase in personal communications and the volume of services provided highlights the problem of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of various telecommunications, and in particular radio-electronic means of transmitting and receiving information [1]. The need to analyze the problems of EMC arises both when carrying out certain activities related to changes in the electromagnetic environment (EME) in a group, and as a result of the introduction of certain measures to improve EMC in this group. In recent years, there is an increasing need for radical changes and redistribution of plans for the used frequency bands due to a change in requirements primarily for mobile communication systems (MCS). Practice shows [2] that the radio-frequency range plays an increasingly important role in various tasks, including in modern infocommunication systems [3]. Moreover, the radio-frequency spectrum is gradually redistributed to meet the modern needs of the information society. The development of modern wireless systems for various purposes entails the use Received date 06.08. 2019
Infection of Rrs1 barley by an incompatible race of the fungus Rhynchosporium secalis expressing the green ﬂuorescent protein

Scald disease of barley, caused by the fungal pathogen Rhynchosporium secalis , is one of the most serious diseases of this crop worldwide. Disease control is achieved in part by deployment of major resistance ( Rrs ) genes in barley. However, in both susceptible and resistant barley plants, R. secalis is able to complete a symptomless infection cycle. To examine the R. secalis infection cycle, Agrobacterium tumefaciens -mediated transformation was used to generate R. secalis isolates expressing the green ﬂuorescent protein or DsRed ﬂuorescent protein, and that were virulent on an Rrs2 plant (cv. Atlas), but avirulent on an Rrs1 plant (cv. Atlas 46). Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that R. secalis infected the susceptible cultivar and formed an extensive hyphal network that followed the anticlinal cell walls of epidermal cells. In the resistant cultivar, hyphal development was more restricted and random in direction of growth. In contrast to earlier models of R. secalis infection, epidermal collapse was not observed until approximately 10 days post-inoculation in both cultivars. Sporulation of R. secalis was observed in both susceptible and resistant interactions. Observations made using the GFP-expressing isolate were complemented and conﬁrmed using a combination of the ﬂuorescent probes 5-chloromethylﬂuores-cein diacetate and propidium iodide, in the non-transformed wild-type isolate. The ﬁndings will enable the different Rrs genes to be better characterized in the effect they exert on pathogen growth and may aid in identiﬁcation of the most effective resistance.
DECREASED SUSCEPTIBILITY OF STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE TO FLUOROQUINOLONES IN CANADA

the isolates were thawed and subcultured on blood agar twice be- fore susceptibility testing was undertaken. In vitro susceptibility testing was performed by broth microdilution according to the guidelines of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. 18 To determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for each isolate, the following concentrations of antimicrobial agents (in micrograms per milliliter) were tested, with the use of doubling dilutions: penicillin G, 0.03 to 8; ciprofloxacin, 0.06 to 64; gatifloxacin, 0.06 to 32; grepafloxacin, 0.06 to 32; levofloxacin, 0.06 to 64; sparfloxacin, 0.06 to 64; trovafloxacin, 0.06 to 32; moxifloxacin, 0.03 to 32; gemifloxacin, 0.03 to 32; erythromycin, 0.12 to 16; clindamycin, 0.25 to 16; tetracycline, 1 to 32; trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole, 0.25 to 128 (trimeth- oprim component); and chloramphenicol, 2 to 16. The antimicrobial agents were supplied by their manufacturers. Pneumococci with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones defined as those for which the MIC of ciprofloxacin at least 4 µg per milliliter. This degree of resistance is associated with mutations in the fluoroquinolone-resistance–determining re- gions of genes encoding DNA topoisomerase IV ( parC and gyrase A ( gyrA is the usu- peak of ciprofloxacin. The isolates to penicillin (MIC, «0.06 µg per millili- ter), of intermediate susceptibility to penicillin (MIC, to µg per milliliter), penicillin (MIC,
Tumoricidal Potential of Nutritional Manipulations1

Perturbations of specific nutrient availability is the basis of a large number of chemotherapeutic modalities used in cancer treatment. The creation of transient nutrient deprivation states by deficient diets (deficiency), nutrient destruction or displace ment (depletion), the presence of antimetabolites or analogs (deficiency state), or combinations of the above has shown significant antitumor effect in several animal and human can cers. Pair-fed isocalonic diets deficient in macronutrients such as carbohydrates (with or without gluconeogenesis inhibition) or micronutrients such as zinc or pyridoxine have demonstrated antitumor potential. Amino acid depletion by enzymes such as L-asparaginase or L-glutaminase has become a popular mo dality for treatment of human leukemias. Purine and pyrimidine analogs or folate antimetabolites have been used successfully for several decades in the treatment of human tumors. Excess pyridoxine in tissue culture has demonstrated antineoplastic potential. Dietetic supplementation with naturally occurring sugars, sugar derivatives, or analogs has also demonstrated tumorotropic effects.
Research On the Generic Uniqueness of Pareto-Efficient Solutions of Vector Optimization Problems

In this paper, the generic uniqueness of Pareto weakly eﬃcient solutions, especially Pareto-eﬃcient solutions, of vector optimization problems is studied by using the nonlinear and linear scalarization methods, and some further results on the generic uniqueness are proved. These results present that, for most of the vector optimization problems in the sense of the Baire category, the Pareto weakly eﬃcient solution, especially the Pareto-eﬃcient solution, is unique. Furthermore, based on these results, the generic Tykhonov well-posedness of vector optimization problems is given.
Synthesis of Jumbo-size Single Crystalline Bi 2 Se 3 Nanoplates and Nanoribbons by Vapor Transportation

: Low-dimensional Bi 2 Se 3 nanomaterials were discovered to be new three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators (TIs) recently, which have broad application prospect in the field of microelectronic grows faster along 1120 < > direction in lower temperature to get single crystalline NRs with large length. All these results not only improve the preparation process of Bi 2 Se 3 nanomaterials with jumbo size, but also promote the commercial use in the field of microelectronic devices.
Challenges Facing Implementation of Distance Education in Kenya

In the world we are living in today, teaching and learning in the class room setting is being complemented by virtual and distance modes. This has been precipitated by the ease of access to information through the use of the internet and web technology. The development of distance education in Kenya has evolved over a period with some institutions of higher learning having programmes in distance education mode. Each institution has done this on its own volition without any guidelines from the governing authority. However, the rate of literacy and access to higher education in Kenya remains a challenge. Efforts to use distance education successfully in Kenya are still hindered by numerous problems despite efforts that have been taken to solve them. There seems to be some inertia by institutions to change this mode of education. This paper reviews issues and challenges on provision of distance education in Kenya through use of secondary data from previously published works. An analysis of the major issues facing distance education in Kenya is made. It is noted that several challenges influence implementation of distance education in Kenya. Factors responsible for this situation are identified as limitations of network infrastructure, ineffective policy framework and social and financial among others. The use of information and communications technology for education in the form of distance education holds promise and this paper recommends that teacher education embrace lifelong learning and follow the UNESCO-NIR guide for upgrade and preparation for distance facilitation. It also recognizes that there is need for consideration of socio-economic factors and improvement of network connectivity to enhance in improved literacy rate and access to higher education through distance learning in Kenya.
(2014). Finite-volume droplet trajectories for icing simulation. International Flow

During a Lagrangian icing simulation a large number of droplet trajectories are calculated to determine the water catch, and as a result it is important that this procedure is as rapid as possible. In order to arrive at a method with minimum complexity, a ﬁnite volume representation is developed for streamlines and extended to incorporate the equations of motion for a droplet, with all cells being crossed in a single timestep. However, since cells vary greatly in size, the method must be implicit to avoid an awkward stability restriction that would otherwise degrade performance. An implicit method is therefore implemented by carrying out iterations to solve for the crossing of each CFD cell, so that the droplet motion is tightly coupled to the underlying ﬂow and mesh. By crossing every cell in a single step, and by using the mesh connectivity to track the droplet motion between cells, any need for costly searches or containment checks is eliminated and the resulting method is efﬁcient. The implicit system is solved using functional iteration, which is feasible for the droplet system (which can be stiff) by using a particular factorisation. Stability of this iteration is explored and seen to depend primarily on the maximum power used in the empirical relationship for droplet drag coefﬁcient C D = C D ( R e ) , while numerical tests conﬁrm the theoretical orders of accuracy for the different discretisations. Final results are validated against experimental and alternative numerical water catch data for a NACA 23012 aerofoil.
Network-on-chip (noc) architectures for exa-scale chip-multi-processors (cmps)

The demand for high performance and energy efficient computing has increased the trend of integrating large (hundreds to thousand) number of elements (cores, caches, accelerators, etc.) on to a single chip multi-processor (CMP) for exa-scale computing. The increased trend of system integration in CMPs, combined with the decreasing on-chip feature sizes, place stringent performance and energy requirements on the communication fabric that interconnects the elements on a CMP. As such, on-chip communication networks have become the quintessential component that determine the performance and energy efficiency of the entire computing system or CMP. The contemporary on-chip communication systems such as the mesh based network-on-chip (NoC) topology provide a throughput efficient and an energy efficient solution for the communication between elements on a small CMP. However, the traditional mesh based NoCs do not scale for the exa-scale CMPs (delivering 1018 floating point operations per second) that consist of hundreds to thousands of cores. The poor scalability of the mesh based NoC for the exa-scale CMPs necessitates the exploration of novel and scalable NoC architectures. In this dissertation, scalable, high performance and energy efficient NoC architectures for exascale computing CMPs are explored. The use of alternate interconnect types such as wireless interconnects are explored to be used in conjunction with the traditional wired interconnects in novel NoC types for both 2D and 3D integrated circuits (ICs). In addition, novel NoC architectures are investigated for both 2D and 3D ICs that use the network resources efficiently to provide the required NoC performance in terms of throughput, energy efficiency and area efficiency.
Advances on Many-Objective Resource Allocation for Elastic Software-Deﬁned Datacenters

In cloud computing resource allocation, Virtual Machine Placement (VMP) is one of the most studied problems with several possible formulations and diﬀerent optimization criteria. The present work summarizes main advances focused on studying Many-Objective Virtual Machine Placement (MaVMP) problems. As ﬁrst contributions, novel taxonomies were proposed for VMP problems in cloud computing environments, in order to gain a systematic understanding of the existing approaches. Additionally, ﬁrst formulations of MaVMP problems were proposed in: (1) static MaVMP for initial placement, (2) semi-dynamic MaVMP with reconﬁguration of VMs and (3) dynamic two-phase MaVMP for complex cloud computing environments under uncertainty. Considering the novelty of the proposed formulations, several methods and algorithms were also proposed to address main identiﬁed issues on solving each particular MaVMP problem. Experimental results prove the correctness, eﬀectiveness and scalability of the proposed methods and algorithms in diﬀerent experimental scenarios when comparing to state-of-the-art and industry alternatives. Open challenges for further advance of the area are discussed.
Copy number variation of amylase alpha 2B gene is associated with feed efficiency traits in Large White pigs

of alpha 2B gene is associated with in Abstract: Copy number variation (CNV) of the AMY gene in humans has been enthusiastically studied for its association with starch digestibility and obesity. The alpha-amylase (AMY) is a major starch digestive enzyme in mammals. This study aimed to determine the association between CNV of the porcine pancreatic amylase ( AMY2B ) gene and feed efficiency. Improvement of feed efficiency in growing pigs is of great economic interest. We assayed the copy number of AMY2B by using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) in a Large White pig population. We identified three genotypes for AMY2B CNVs, namely I / I (homozygotes of haplotype I ; a chromosome with one copy of AMY2B ), I / II (heterozygotes of haplotype I and II ; a chromosome with two copies) and II / II (homozy-gotes of haplotype II ). We tested the genotypes of the parental generation consisting of six males, 21 females and 265 offspring piglets to validate the AMY2B CNV genotyping. With very few mistyping exceptions, copy numbers of AMY2B were transmitted to piglets in segregation ratios following Mendelian inheritance. Finally, we performed an association analysis between the CNV of the AMY2B gene and feed efficiency traits in 207 uncastrated male pigs. The generalised linear model analysis showed the significant effects of AMY2B CNV genotype on average daily feed intake, total feed intake and feed conversion ratio during growth from 30 kg to 100 kg body weight. However, it was not associated with average daily gain, backfat thickness and loin eye muscle area. Individuals with the genotype I / I had about 76.6 ± 27.1 g lower average daily feed intake, 5.35 ± 1.90 kg lower total feed intake and 0.089 8 ± 0.026 5 lower feed conversion ratio than individuals with I / II and II / II genotypes. Thus, AMY2B CNV has the potential to be an effective genetic marker that could reduce feed costs for pig farming.
STARS CIRCUMSTELLAR ENVELOPES

It is the intention with the present review to summarize the role of molecules in cool stars. Which molecules do we find there, which are the most important ones, what do we know about them, what more would we like to know ? - and what are the current main problems and progresses we meet when including molecules in models of cool stars ?
Atmospheric aerosol measurements by employing a polarization scheimpflug lidar system

A polarization Scheimpflug lidar system based on the Scheimpflug principle has been developed by employing a compact 808-nm multimode highpower laser diode and two highly integrated CMOS sensors in Dalian University of Technology (DLUT), Dalian, China. The parallel and orthogonal polarized backscattering signal are recorded by two 45 degree tilted image sensors, respectively. Atmospheric particle measurements were carried out by employing the polarization Scheimpflug lidar system.
A new optimization model and a customized solution method for natural gas production network design and operation

This article proposes to tackle integrated design and operation of natural gas production networks under uncertainty, using a new two-stage stochastic programming model, a novel reformulation strategy, and a customized global optimization method. The new model addresses material balances for multiple key gas components, pressure flow relationships in gas wells and pipelines, and compressor performance. This model is a large-scale nonconvex mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem that cannot be practically solved by existing global optimization solvers or decomposition-based optimization methods. With the new reformulation strategy, the reformulated model has a better decomposable structure, and then a new decomposition-based global optimization method is developed for efficient global optimization. In the case study of an industrial naturals production system, it is shown that the proposed modeling and optimization methods enable efficient solution, and the proposed optimization method is faster than a state-of-the-art decomposition method by at least an order of magnitude. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 933–948, 2017