Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Are Fair Digital Objects and Digital Twins the same thing?

Semantically-defined Digital Twins (DTs) and Fair Digital Objects (FDOs) are similar in concept. They both adopt the "Find first" philosphy and they both point to data about some entity in the real world (where "entity" is a very loose definition of any asset, real or imaginary). Are there any parallels that we can draw? Can we use a digital twin plaform to host FDOs? Are Fair Digital Objects and Digital Twins the same thing? The objectives of the GO-FAIR organisation, that data should be Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable were originally designed to help human beings find and understand data. There has always been a side-helping of desiring computers and machine intelligences to find and use that same data. The FDOs that people normally think of are datasets, probably time-series data collected over a considerable period, amounting to a large file or a database of records. What if you took the concept of FDOs and compared it to Digital Twins? If you define a Digital Twin as a virtual representation of a real-world object, entity or concept in that its identity, metadata and data are stored “in the cloud”, then it’s not a big jump from that to an FDO. If you approach it from the opposite direction - reduce the size of an FDO until it’s an individual entity, not a collection, then you arrive at the same destination. In our proposed talk we will outline the ways that FDOs and semantically-defined digital twins overlap. We will show real-world examples of Digital Twins in action and argue that an FDO of sufficient granularity would serve a very similar purpose. The Venn diagram of FDOs and Digital Twins is not a circle. Digital twins have attributes that FDOs do not have. For example, they might have real-time feeds of data (such as current temperature, fuel consumption, heart-rate… ), or they might have a control interface to change their state (turn on or off, raise a draw-bridge, etc). These dynamic activities hint at one big difference between the two - digital twins have behaviour. They do things in real time. There’s nothing in the FDO specification that suggests that’s important or required, but we would argue that’s from lack of imagination, rather than lack of desirability. The other lobe of the Venn diagram - the properties that FDOs have that Digital Twins do not - is mainly concerned with historical data. Digital twins are about the “now” of an entity, while an FDO is a historical collection of data, possibly about many entities over a period of time. This mismatch can be overcome by using the Digital Twin concept to define the dataset and using the “data bypass” pattern to allow the dataset to be transferred “out of band” to the requestor, given sufficient access permissions. Perhaps the strict equivalence that FDOs are Digital Twins is going too far. They certainly share many common features and posit a world where machines and humans can cooperate using the same data. Maybe the answer is to have an admixture of the two?
Higgs Effective Field Theories - Systematics and Applications

We discuss effective field theories (EFTs) for the Higgs particle, which is not necessarily the Higgs of the Standard Model. We distinguish two different consistent expansions: EFTs that describe decoupling new-physics effects and EFTs that describe non-decoupling new-physics effects. We briefly discuss the first case, the SM-EFT. The focus of this thesis is on the non-decoupling EFTs. We argue that the loop expansion is the consistent expansion in the second case. We introduce the concept of chiral dimensions, equivalent to the loop expansion. Using the chiral dimensions, we expand the electroweak chiral Lagrangian up to next-to-leading order, $\mathcal{O}(f^{2}/\Lambda^{2})=\mathcal{O}(1/16\pi^{2})$. We then compare the decoupling and the non-decoupling EFT. We also consider scenarios in which the new-physics sector is non-decoupling at a scale $f$, far above the electroweak-scale $v$. We discuss the relevance of the resulting double expansion in $\xi=v^{2}/f^{2}$ and $f^{2}/\Lambda^{2}$ for the data analysis at the LHC. In the second part, we discuss the applications of the EFTs, especially of the electroweak chiral Lagrangian. First, we connect the EFT with explicit models of new physics. We show how different regions of the parameter space of the same model generate a decoupling and a non-decoupling EFT. Second, we use the expansion at leading order to describe the current LHC Higgs data. We show how the current parametrization of the Higgs data, the $\kappa$-framework, can be justified quantum field theoretically by the EFT. We fit the data of Run-1 (2010--2013). The effective Lagrangian describing this data can be reduced to six free parameters. The result of this fit is consistent with the SM, but it has statistical uncertainties of about ten percent.
The Cancer Registry of Norway – “a ground for scientific harvesting”

The Cancer Registry of Norway (CRN) has been important in registry-based research in Norway for decades. The use of CRN in combination with other population-based registries and health surveys have been the basis for numerous research projects, which has contributed to fill important knowledge gaps. Researchers at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health and CRN have a long tradition of using these data sources to address research questions of common interests such as e.g. the effect of life style and diet on cancer risk. CRN and the Medical Birth Registry of Norway have co-existed for a long period, making it possible to study cancer incidence and birth characteristics over generations. During the last decades, several new registries such as the Norwegian Prescription Database and the Norwegian Patient Registry have been established, providing opportunities for studying for example drug use and cancer risk and the influence of comorbidities on the development of cancer. In the future, the CRN will be an even more valuable data source when also other population-based registries and health surveys have existed for longer time periods.
Remote implementation of partially unknown operations and its entanglement costs

We present the generalized version of Wang's protocol[A.M.Wang, Phys.Rev.A 74,032317 (2006)] for the remote implementation(sometimes referred to as quantum remote control) of partially unknown quantum operations. The protocol only requires no more than half of the entanglements used in Bidirectional Quantum State Teleportation. We also propose a protocol for another form of quantum remote control. It can remotely implement a unitary operation which is a combination of the projective representations of a group. Moreover, we prove that the Schmidt rank of the entanglements cannot not be less than the number of controlled parameters of the operations, which for the first time gives a lower bound on entanglement costs in remote implementation of quantum operations.
Properties and evaluation of volatility models

In this paper, a unified framework for testing the adequancy of an estimated EGARCH model is presented. The tests are Lagrange multiplier or Lagrange multiplier type tests and include testing an EGARCH model against a higher-order one and testing parameter constancy. Furthermore, various existing ways of testing the EGARCH model against GARCH one are investigated as another check of model adequacy. This is done by size and power simulations. Small-sample properties of the other tests are also investigated by simulations.
PDNet: an advanced architecture for polyp image segmentation

In order to improve the segmentation accuracy of polyp image segmentation under colonoscopy, we propose PVT Dual-Upsampling Net (PDNet). PDNet adopts the encoder network based on Transformer as the backbone network for downsampling, and designs a dual upsampling module based on cascaded fusion network and simple connection network to recover the loss of high-level image features caused by the downsampling process, and obtains a high-level semantic feature map with the same resolution as the input image. The multi-feature fusion module is used to aggregate the low-level feature map and high-level semantic feature map. We validate the model on three publicly available datasets, and our experimental evaluations show that the suggested architecture produces good segmentation results on datasets.
Local Community Detection: A Survey

Community detection is a flourishing research field with a plethora of applications ranging from biology to sociology. Local community detection has emerged as a promising subfield of research concerned with community identification around a set of seeding nodes. The practical significance of local community detection is important for numerous real-world applications such as protein interactions and targeted advertising. Since 2005, when the first research paper on local community detection appeared, the literature has been vast and difficult to navigate, as each method works best under certain conditions and assumptions regarding the seed nodes and the identification of their community. For this reason, and motivated by the many real-world applications of local community detection, in this paper we provide a comprehensive overview and taxonomy of local community detection algorithms. There are quite a lot of surveys on community detection that make a compendious reference to local community detection. However, they do not achieve a systematic and comprehensive coverage of this particular field. Since the research area of local community detection is quite extensive, it is necessary to categorize and discuss the various methods, techniques, and assumptions used to address the problem. This survey aims to fill this gap and help researchers get a clear overview of the local community detection problem. To this end, we have also gathered the best documented tools and the most commonly used datasets in the local community detection literature to help researchers identify the tools they can use to prove their methods.
INTEGRAL FIELD SPECTROSCOPY OF SUPERNOVA EXPLOSION SITES: CONSTRAINING THE MASS AND METALLICITY OF THE PROGENITORS. I. TYPE Ib AND Ic SUPERNOVAE

Integral field spectroscopy of 11 Type Ib/Ic supernova (SN Ib/Ic) explosion sites in nearby galaxies has been obtained using UH88/SNIFS and Gemini-N/GMOS. The use of integral field spectroscopy enables us to obtain both spatial and spectral information about the explosion site, enabling the identification of the parent stellar population of the SN progenitor star. The spectrum of the parent population provides metallicity determination via strong-line method and age estimation obtained via comparison with simple stellar population models. We adopt this information as the metallicity and age of the SN progenitor, under the assumption that it was coeval with the parent stellar population. The age of the star corresponds to its lifetime, which in turn gives the estimate of its initial mass. With this method we were able to determine both the metallicity and initial (zero-age main sequence) mass of the progenitor stars of SNe Ib and Ic. We found that on average SN Ic explosion sites are more metal-rich and younger than SN Ib sites. The initial mass of the progenitors derived from parent stellar population age suggests that SN Ic has more massive progenitors than SN Ib. In addition, we also found indication that some of our SN progenitors are less massive than ∼25 M☉, indicating that they may have been stars in a close binary system that have lost their outer envelope via binary interactions to produce SNe Ib/Ic, instead of single Wolf–Rayet stars. These findings support the current suggestions that both binary and single progenitor channels are in effect in producing SNe Ib/Ic. This work also demonstrates the power of integral field spectroscopy in investigating SN environments and active star-forming regions.
USO DO CLUSTERING PARA ANÁLISE DO IMPACTO DO SISTEMA CONSTRUTIVO NO CONSUMO DE ÁGUA, CONSUMO DE ENERGIA E GERAÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS DE CANTEIRO DE OBRAS

O setor da construção ainda contribui bastante com impactos negativos causados ao meio ambiente, porém está ciente da sua responsabilidade com a sustentabilidade no ciclo de vida de uma edificação. Visando a mitigação de impactos, o setor tem usado a medição de desempenho, com o emprego de indicadores ambientais. No entanto, muitas vezes os gestores avaliam esses indicadores do ponto de vista qualitativo, não utilizando técnicas de análise quantitativa, as quais podem explicitar tendências e problemas não tão evidentes. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo piloto é avaliar a eficácia da técnica clustering (agrupamento) para análise de padrão de impacto ambiental de obras de edificações, a partir de valores de referência dos indicadores do PBQP-H. O estudo aplicou a técnica visando identificar se o sistema construtivo é uma característica do projeto de construção que tem influência nos impactos ambientais associados a esses indicadores. A principal contribuição desse estudo é a identificação do clustering como possível instrumento nesse tipo de análise, uma vez que foram verificadas tendências de agrupamento de canteiros por sistema construtivo.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis—The Complex Phenotype—From an Epidemiological Perspective: A Focus on Extrapyramidal and Non-Motor Features

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common motor neuron disease (MND) and has emerged, among the disorders, with the largest increase in incidence in Western countries. Although the typical clinical phenotype of ALS involves simultaneous upper and lower motor neurons, there is growing evidence that the neurodegeneration during the course of the disease can also involve other motor and non-motor regions. In this review, we analyzed and discussed available data from epidemiological population-based studies on extrapyramidal and non-motor features during the course of ALS.
On the bias of the distance–redshift relation from gravitational lensing

A long standing question in cosmology is whether gravitational lensing changes the distance-redshift relation $D(z)$ or the mean flux density of sources. Interest in this has been rekindled by recent studies in non-linear relativistic perturbation theory that find biases in both the area of a surface of constant redshift and in the mean distance to this surface, with a fractional bias in both cases on the order of the mean squared convergence $\langle \kappa^2 \rangle$. Any such area bias could alter CMB cosmology, and the corresponding bias in mean flux density could affect supernova cosmology. Here we show that, in an ensemble averaged sense, the perturbation to the area of a surface of constant redshift is in reality much smaller, being on the order of the cumulative bending angle squared, or roughly a part-in-a-million effect. This validates the arguments of Weinberg (1976) that the mean magnification $\mu$ of sources is unity and of Kibble \& Lieu (2005) that the mean direction-averaged inverse magnification is unity. It also validates the conventional treatment of lensing in analysis of CMB anisotropies. But the existence of a scatter in magnification will cause any non-linear function of these conserved quantities to be statistically biased. The distance $D$, for example, is proportional to $\mu^{-1/2}$ so lensing will bias $\langle D\rangle$ even if $\langle \mu \rangle=1$. The fractional bias in such quantities is generally of order $\langle \kappa^2 \rangle$, which is orders of magnitude larger than the area perturbation. Claims for large bias in area or flux density of sources appear to have resulted from misinterpretation of such effects: they do not represent a new non-Newtonian effect, nor do they invalidate standard cosmological analyses.
Diversity and Genetic Characteristics of Astroviruses from Animals in Yunnan Province

Astroviruses (AstVs) are single-stranded RNA viruses, including two main genera: Mamastroviruses (MAstVs) and Avastroviruses (AAstVs). AstVs have been detected in more than 80 different mammals and birds, with the characteristics of multiple cross-species transmission and gene recombination. All these have accelerated the process of virus mutation and posed a potential threat to human beings and animal husbandry. Yunnan province is a global hotspot with rich biodiversity and abundant animal resources and an important area with significance for public health and security because it neighbors a few Southeast Asian countries. This study collected 860 samples from 13 species of animals in Yunnan province for AstVs detection. The results showed that the positive rate of AstVs was 6.05%, and its extremely high genetic diversity was observed in different animal species. Potential cross-species transmission events were also detected from rodents to birds. Therefore, AstVs, which are widely distributed with highly diverse genes and the risk of cross-species transmission to people, deserve more attention in this region.
Nonprofit Organizations’ Dialogic Use of Social Media: Principles and Practice

ABSTRACT Previous studies of social media use by nonprofit organizations suggest that social media’s dialogic potential has not yet been fully realized in this sector. Yet this body of research draws its inferences predominantly from social media trace data; the field is missing more explanatory evidence from the accounts of those nonprofit professionals who manage and coordinate social media for their organizations: What are the motivations and strategies of nonprofit professionals who manage and coordinate social media (social media point persons)? How are these strategies shaped (or not) by the dialogic capabilities of social media? To answer these questions, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 19 social media point persons. Through grounded theory analysis of these interviews, we find – in contrast to previous research – that social media practices are approached strategically and are underpinned by the five principles of dialogic communication proposed by Kent and Taylor: mutuality, commitment, propinquity, empathy and risk. We also find that nonprofit professionals intend to be reactive moderators in dialogue, with the goal of catalyzing a community of civic discourse.
Photometric study of IC 2156

The optical UBVRI photometric analysis has been established using SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY (SDSS database) in order to estimate the astrophysical parameters of poorly studied open star cluster IC 2156. The results of the present study are compared with a previous one of ours, which relied on the 2MASS JHK infrared photometry. The stellar density distributions and color-magnitude diagrams of the cluster are used to determine the geometrical structure; limited radius, core and tidal radii, the distances from the Sun, from the Galactic plane and from the Galactic center. Also, the main photometric parameters; age, distance modulus, color excesses, membership, total mass, luminosity, mass functions and relaxation time; have been estimated.
Nonlinear characteristics of the driving model of the coaxial integrated macro–micro composite actuator

Abstract. Nonlinearity is one of the important factors affecting the positioning accuracy of the macro–micro composite actuator. To improve the positioning accuracy of the driving model of the macro–micro composite actuator, this paper combines the research phenomenon of the nonlinear characteristics of the voice coil motor to model the nonlinear factors that affect the macro-moving part of the macro–micro composite actuator. Firstly, based on analyzing its structure and working principle, the variation law of the magnetic field intensity at the working air gap of the macro-motion part is analyzed by the finite element method, and the driving force model of the macro-motion part is established. Secondly, through the magnetic field simulation analysis, there is a magnetization phenomenon in the mover part, and the static friction model is established. Then, the experimental data are acquired and processed by building the experimental test platform of the actuator, and the variation model of the electromechanical time constant with the macro-motion displacement is established. Then, combined with the Stribeck model and the static friction model, the kinetic model of the macro-motion part is established. Finally, using the least square method identify the parameter model, the results are compared with the experiment. The results show that the magnetic field distribution at the working air gap of the macro-motion part of the macro–micro composite actuator is relatively uniform, but it is related to the macro-motion displacement and the macro-motion coil current. When the macro-motion part of the macro-micro composite actuator starts, the friction model can approximately reflect the change of friction force, the kinetic model of the macro-motion part can reflect the dynamic characteristics of the macro-motion part, and the matching degree is 92.97 %. The research results lay a theoretical and technical foundation for the development of a high-speed and large-stroke positioning controller of the macro-motion micro composite actuator.
Adverse life experiences and mental health of adolescents in Ghana: a gendered analysis

ABSTRACT Adolescents living in sub-Saharan Africa have increased exposure to adverse life experiences (ALEs). The current study examines gender differences in the prevalence of ALEs, mental health outcomes and association between ALEs and mental health outcomes of school-going adolescents in Ghana, West Africa. A sample of 1,886 adolescents (1,174 females) completed mental health and ALEs self-report measures. A series of descriptive and multiple linear regression analysis was conducted. Results revealed girls report higher mental health problems than boys. However, there was gender similarity in the prevalence of ALEs, except for substance misuse and trauma to head that were reported more by boys. The effect of ALEs on mental health outcomes was largely invariant across gender. Substance misuse, victimization experiences and school-level stress significantly predict depressive symptoms in both boys and girls. Interventions targeting the ALEs investigated in this study would help improve the mental health of boys and girls.
N-body lensed CMB maps: lensing extraction and characterization

We reconstruct shear maps and angular power spectra from simulated weakly lensed total intensity (TT) and polarised (EB) maps of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies, obtained using Born approximated ray-tracing through the N-body simulated Cold Dark Matter (CDM) structures in the Millennium Simulations (MS). We compare the recovered signal with the ΛCDM prediction, on the whole interval of angular scales which is allowed by the finite box size, extending from the degree scale to the arcminute, by applying a quadratic estimator in the flat sky limit; we consider PRISM-like instrumental specification for future generation CMB satellites, corresponding to arcminute angular resolution of 3.2' and sensitivity of 2.43 μK-arcmin. The noise contribution in the simulations closely follows the estimator prediction, becoming dominated by limits in the angular resolution for the EB signal, at l ≅ 1500. The recovered signal shows no visible departure from predictions of the weak lensing power within uncertainties, when considering TT and EB data singularly. In particular, the reconstruction precision reaches the level of a few percent in bins with Δl ≅ 100 in the angular multiple interval 1000∼<l∼<2000 for T, and about 10% for EB. Within the adopted specifications, polarisation data do represent a significantmore » contribution to the lensing shear, which appear to faithfully trace the underlying N-body structure down to the smallest angular scales achievable with the present setup, validating at the same time the latter with respect to semi-analytical predictions from ΛCDM cosmology at the level of CMB lensing statistics. This work demonstrates the feasibility of CMB lensing studies based on large scale simulations of cosmological structure formation in the context of the current and future high resolution and sensitivity CMB experiment. « less