Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perceiving Temporal Environment for Correlation Filters in Real-Time UAV Tracking

Discriminative correlation filter (DCF)-based methods applied for UAV object tracking have received widespread attention due to their high efficiency. However, these methods are usually troubled by the boundary effect. Besides, the violent environment variations severely confuse trackers that neglect temporal environmental changes among consecutive frames, leading to unwanted tracking drift. In this letter, we propose a novel DCF-based tracking method to promote the insensitivity of the tracker under uncertain environmental changes. Specifically, a regularization term is proposed to learn the environment residual between two adjacent frames, which can enhance the discrimination and insensitivity of the filter in fickle tracking scenarios. Further, we design an efficient strategy to acquire the environment information based on the current observation without additional computation. Exhausted experiments are conducted on two well-known UAV benchmarks, i.e., UAV123_10fps and DTB70. Results verify that the proposed tracker has comparable performance with other 22 state-of-the-art trackers while running at $\sim$ 53 FPS on a low-cost CPU.
COVID-19: Understanding and responding to the educational implications for the vulnerable children of Eswatini

In a bid to contain the spread and infection rate of COVID-19, Eswatini closed all its schools on 17 March 2020, and for a year they remained closed. Despite education being the only viable means towards a better future, the closing of schools set-off to heighten prevailing educational disparities towards academic access, experience and achievement for the vulnerable children of the country. Adopting intersectionality as a theoretical framework, the paper seeks to analyse the educational effects of COVID-19 on the vulnerable children of Eswatini. The aim is to identify and discuss how educational systems and processes amidst the COVID-19 era sought to amplify the already compounded, complex and dominant educational disparities for children affected by vulnerability. A systematic literature review was conducted to understand child poverty and vulnerability in Eswatini schools and the implications of the COVID-19 school restrictions on the vulnerable children. Strategies to minimise the adverse effects of the pandemic on inclusive and equitable schooling for the vulnerable children have been suggested. © Creative Commons With Attribution (CC-BY).
Semantic Multigranularity Feature Learning for High-Resolution Remote Sensing Image Scene Classification

High-resolution remote sensing image scene classification is a challenging visual task due to the large intravariance and small intervariance between the categories. To accurately recognize the scene categories, it is essential to learn discriminative features from both global and local critical regions. Recent efforts focus on how to encourage the network to learn multigranularity features with the destruction of the spatial information on the input image at different scales, which leads to meaningless edges that are harmful to training. In this study, we propose a novel method named Semantic Multigranularity Feature Learning Network (SMGFL-Net) for remote sensing image scene classification. The core idea is to learn both global and multigranularity local features from rearranged intermediate feature maps, thus, eliminating the meaningless edges. These features are then fused for the final prediction. Our proposed framework is compared with a collection of state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods on two fine-grained remote sensing image scene datasets, including the NWPU-RESISC45 and Aerial Image Datasets (AID). We justify several design choices, including the branch granularities, fusion strategies, pooling operations, and necessity of feature map rearrangement through a comparative study. Moreover, the overall performance results show that SMGFL-Net consistently outperforms other peer methods in classification accuracy, and the superiority is more apparent with less training data, demonstrating the efficacy of feature learning of our approach.
Propagation of a femtosecond laser pulse through a dispersion‐free spatially‐chirped medium

The analytical solution of a wave equation that describes the propagation of a femtosecond laser pulse in a dispersion‐free finite‐length spatially chirped medium with 1D periodic inhomogeneity is presented. Such media are important to modern optics and are found in holograms, lasers, Bragg reflectors, compressors, and other applications. FDTD numerical modeling confirms the validity of our analytic results. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 37: 269–273, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10891
Design and optimization of CPW‐based composite right/left‐handed transmission line

This article presents a systematic design procedure of CPW‐based Composite Right/Left‐Handed Transmission Line (CRLH TL), including the initial design and optimization algorithm. A Graphical User Interface (GUI) is provided to help inexperienced users synthesize CRLH at any given transition frequency, without tedious tuning or iterative trial. An improved fitness function based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) is presented to reduce the return loss and diminish the bandgap. This design procedure is fast and available, and has been verified by both measurement and full‐wave simulation results. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2011.
Multilayered, Priority-Based Simulation of Conjunctive Facilities

A network flow programming‐based model, KCOM, was developed to simulate water allocation and distribution in the surface water system of Kern County, California. The model will help the California Department of Water Resources plan the proposed Kern Water Bank conjunctive‐use project. KCOM incorporates recharge and pumping features to allow simulation of both surface and subsurface water distribution. Network flow programming‐based simulation was chosen for KCOM because of its generality, flexibility, speed, and superior ability to reflect complex water allocation policies. The water allocation capabilities of network flow programming‐based simulation were enhanced in KCOM by the development of a sequential flow allocation technique, in which sources are allocated in different layers to meet only demands with authorized access to those sources. A validation simulation demonstrates the model's capabilities, and sensitivity analysis underscores the need for improvement of the data used to describe the syste.
High Performance Lateral Schottky Collector Bipolar Transistors on SOI for VLSI Applications

Advanced bipolar transistors play a vital role in RF/Microwave applications. But they need to satisfy stringent demands on device performance parameters such as β, gm, and fT. Many of the bipolar technologies developed to meet these demands are vertical structures and suffer from many non−ideal effects at high collector current densities. In the present work, to enhance the performance limits of bipolar transistors, we have proposed three types of lateral Schottky collector transistors in Silicon−On−Insulator (SOI) technology namely, 1) Lateral PNM Schottky Collector BJT, 2) SiGe base lateral PNM Schottky collector HBT and 3) SiC−emitter lateral NPM Schottky collector transistor. To study the novel characteristics of these lateral Schottky collector bipolar transistors, we have used a state−of−the−art two dimensional simulator. The collector base junction of the proposed lateral PNM (NPM) transistor consists of a Schottky junction between N−base (P−base) and metal (M). The device parameters are chosen based on experimental results for the lateral bipolar transistors. The simulated characteristics of the proposed lateral Schottky collector transistors are compared with their equivalent SOI lateral PNP (NPN) transistors. It is demonstrated that the proposed structures have superior performance in terms of reduced collector resistance, high current gain, suppressed base widening and negligible reverse recovery time compared to the compatible lateral PNP (NPN) transistors in SOI. A simple fabrication procedure is also suggested providing the incentive for experimental verification. Our simulation results suggest that the proposed structures are expected to be very useful in many of the VLSI circuit design applications such as RF/Microwave circuits, low−voltage circuits, and high current driving switches because of their improved performance and compatibility with the BiCMOS technology.
Performance of a self-commutated BTB HVDC link system under a single-line-to-ground fault condition

This paper deals with a self-commutated back-to-back (BTB) high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) link system for the purpose of power flow control and/or frequency change in transmission systems. Each BTB unit consists of two sets of 16 three-phase voltage-source converters, and their AC terminals are connected in series each other via 16 three-phase transformers. Hence, the BTB unit uses totally 192 switching devices capable of achieving gate commutation. This results in a great reduction of voltage and current harmonics without performing PWM control. Simulation results verify the validity of the proposed system configuration and control scheme not only under a normal operating condition but also under a single-line-to-ground fault condition.
Shock effects on delta wing vortex breakdown

It has been observed that delta wings placed in a transonic freestream can experience a sudden movement of the vortex breakdown location as the angle of incidence is increased. The current paper uses computational fluid dynamics to examine this behavior in detail. The study shows that a shock/vortex interaction is responsible. The balance of the vortex strength and axial flow and the shock strength are examined to provide an explanation of the sensitivity of the breakdown location. Limited experimental data are available to supplement the computational fluid dynamics results in certain key respects, and the ideal synergy between computational fluid dynamics and experiments for this problem is considered.
Trăsăturile de personalitate ale femeilor supuse violenței domestice.

The article describes an important issue for modern society: domestic violence. The victims of domestic aggression are most often considered to be women. The pur pose of the research is to study the problem of domestic violence against women and to find the answer to the question; if the personality profile of the women from aggressive backgrounds differs from the personality profile of women from non-aggressive back -grounds. In the finding experiment were included 182 women aged between 22 and 32 from Băcău, Iași, Neamț, Vaslui counties, România.
Process analytical technology (PAT) tools for the cultivation step in biopharmaceutical production

The process analytical technology (PAT) initiative is now 10 years old. This has resulted in the development of many tools and software packages dedicated to PAT application on pharmaceutical processes. However, most applications are restricted to small molecule drugs, mainly for the relatively simple process steps like drying or tableting where only a limited number of parameters need to be controlled. A big challenge for PAT still lies in applications for biopharmaceuticals and then especially in the cultivation process step, where the quality of a biopharmaceutical product is largely determined. This review gives an overview of the currently available tools for monitoring and controlling the biopharmaceutical cultivation step and of the main challenges for the most common cell platforms (i.e. Escherichia coli, yeast, and mammalian cells) used in biopharmaceutical manufacturing. The real challenge is to understand how intracellular mechanisms (from synthesis to excretion) influence the quality of biopharmaceuticals and how these mechanisms can be monitored and controlled to yield the desired end product quality. Modern “omics” tools and advanced process analyzers have opened up the way for PAT applications for the biopharmaceutical cultivation process step.
Connective Tissue Disease, Interstitial Lung Disease, and Pulmonary Hypertension (CTD PH-ILD): A Distinct Entity and Potential Opportunity

Connective tissue diseases are a multisystem disorder that can cause impairments in quality of life, shorten life expectancy, and increase the risk of mortality at a younger age. These patients have an increased risk for the development of pulmonary hypertension through several mechanisms including pulmonary arterial hypertension and pulmonary hypertension associated with interstitial lung disease. This review aims to discuss the various presentations of connective tissue disease associated with pulmonary hypertension associated with interstitial lung disease, demographics, and survival. It gives an overview of accepted mechanisms of disease pathogenesis, discusses advances in diagnostics, and treatment options. Despite a deeper understanding of disease pathogenesis, treatment for this remains limited to prevention of disease progression. The identification of the primary disease driver requires careful evaluation of the disease phenotype and is a potential target for treatment and prevention of death.
Review of the State of Development of Advanced Vehicle Control Systems (AVCS)

This paper provides a broad review of the developments that have taken place within the past thirty years in the field now known as Advanced Vehicle Control Systems (AVCS). This long time horizon was chosen to ensure that significant findings from earlier generations of work are not overlooked today. Following a history of the international development of AVCS, several methods of classifying AVCS are introduced. The main body of the paper reviews the relevant literature in lateral, longitudinal and integrated control of road vehicles and summarizes the most significant findings from this work.
Reliability evaluation of complex radial distribution systems considering restoration sequence and network constraints

This paper presents a technique for the reliability assessment of complex radial distribution systems considering restoration sequence and network constraints (NCs). In this technique, a distribution network is represented using a tree data structure to dynamically respond to the change of network topology induced by system reconfiguration. A parent-visit technique is proposed to determine the affected area after a failure occurs. A breadth-first-search approach is used to divide the affected load points into six classes based on restoration times. An improved branch-oriented load flow method is embedded in the reliability evaluation technique to examine NCs after network reconfiguration. An approach to control the accuracy and the computing time of simulation is also presented. A test distribution system is used to illustrate the technique.
Real-time ultrafast optical interferometry of NEMS operating in fluidic environment

Interactions of NEMS with fluids are of interest both in determining the NEMS performance outside of vacuum, and in elucidation of fluid dynamics at these small scales. We present a comprehensive study of nanomechanical damping in three gases (He, N2, CO2), and liquid CO2. Resonant dynamics in multiple devices of varying size and frequency (10-400 MHz) is measured over 10 decades of pressure (1 mPa-20 MPa). We find a fluid relaxation time model to be valid throughout, but not beyond, the non-Newtonian regime (up to several atmospheres), and classical vibrating spheres model to be valid in the viscous limit.
Neuronal Superhubs: Elite Networks that Rule Synchrony

Neurological and psychiatric disorders are associated with pathological neural dynamics. The fundamental connectivity patterns of cell–cell communication networks that enable pathological dynamics to emerge remain unknown. Here, we studied epileptic circuits using a newly developed computational pipeline that leveraged single-cell calcium imaging of larval zebrafish and chronically epileptic mice, biologically constrained effective connectivity modeling, and higher-order motif-focused network analysis. We uncovered a novel functional cell type that preferentially emerged in the preseizure state, the superhub, and was unusually richly connected to the rest of the network through feedforward motifs, critically enhancing downstream excitation. Perturbation simulations indicated that disconnecting superhubs was significantly more effective in stabilizing epileptic circuits than disconnecting hub cells that were defined traditionally by connection count. In the dentate gyrus of chronically epileptic mice, superhubs were predominately modeled adult-born granule cells. Collectively, these results predict a new maximally selective and minimally invasive cellular target for seizure control.
Codage conjoint source/canal : Enjeux et approches

With Shannon Theory as a starting point, we show, on two simple examples, that optimality in a joint source/channel sense can be obtained by several means. While in a traditional system, optimization is performed separately on the source and channel coders, we show that, by jointly optimizing both coders, overall complexity can be reduced while keeping performance at a good level. We then describe the possible advantages and limits of this joint strategy in practical situations.
Linkages Between Advertising Value Perception, Context Awareness Value, Brand Attitude and Purchase Intention of Hygiene Products During COVID-19: A Two Wave Study

The novel coronavirus, COVID-19 has affected the advertising industry in India. This study tries to gauge the purchase intention towards hygiene products during the ongoing pandemic with reference to smartphone advertising. The purpose of the study is to explore the features of smartphone advertisements like advertising value perception, context awareness value and brand attitude, pertaining to COVID-19 hygiene-related advertisement narratives. To serve the purpose, two-wave shortitudinal study was conducted at time T1, that is, lockdown period and T2, that is, unlock period in India with the help of non-probability snowball sampling. The total numbers of respondents at T1 were 311, while for T2 the total 160 respondents were contacted through online mode. At T1, the relationship between perceived advertising value and purchase intention was not established, which depicts the pandemic effect. At T2, the relationship between context awareness value, brand attitude and purchase intention was established. Further, at T1, the brand attitude did not show a mediating effect on purchase intention, but at T2, it was found to have a mediation effect on purchase intention. The study has important implications as ongoing pandemic has altered the way of living. This also has significantly impacted the advertising industry especially the hygiene products.
Pilot Activities and the Level of Cockpit Automation

We examined how the frequency of 23 activities varied as a function of the level of cockpit automation. The pilots' activities were recorded in actual revenue-generating line operations at 7.5-sec intervals during climbs and descents during 193 flights in 2 models of the B737-200 and in 2 models of the B737-300. Eight of the 23 activities were assumed not to be affected by the duration of the climbs and descents and were analyzed using analysis of variance. The observed frequencies of the other 15 activities were analyzed using the length of the climb and descent as a covariate. The results showed that the frequency of housekeeping activities and communication activities tended not to be affected by the level of cockpit automation. In contrast, the frequency of most of the activities related to flight path control varied with the level of cockpit automation.
Probabilistic Drift Limits and Performance Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Columns

The performance of reinforced concrete (RC) columns plays a crucial role in the overall performance of framed structures and RC bridges. Therefore, the deformation limits associated with the performance of RC columns constitute an important part in the performance criteria for structural systems. On the other hand, it is possible to analytically correlate qualitative performance descriptions to quantitative design parameters such as curvature and drift at the column level. In this paper, probabilistic drift limits of RC columns at three distinctive performance levels are investigated by means of Monte Carlo simulation of the sectional curvature in conjunction with a statistical model of the plastic hinge length. A simple methodology is then introduced to evaluate the performance reliability of different column designs by constructing the fragility curves. With a generic single degree of freedom system consisting of a particular column, the probabilistic drift demands are derived from the displacement response spectra (DRS). The probability distributions of the DRS are established from a large set of ground motion records. Results of fragility curves demonstrate that increasing the flexural strength of a column does not significantly enhance its performance reliability during a probable earthquake; as a result, a design with higher flexural strength and lower ductility could be less reliable than a comparable lower strength and higher ductility design.
Measuring the production range flexibility of a FMS

In order to ensure that the introduction of a flexible manufacturing system confers overall benefits to a company there is a need to be able to measure quantitatively and then control flexibility levels. Initially identifies the various types and levels of flexibility that are important to a manufacturing concern. Identifies production range flexibility as that defining the universe of part types that a manufacturing system can process. Proposes a methodology that will enable probability measures to be established for each type of flexibility that contributes to the production range flexibility of a manufacturing system. In addition measuring flexibilities in terms of probabilities enables quantitative relationships to be established between levels of flexibility. Concludes that the result is an integrated system for measuring flexibility that can be used at both the strategic and operational planning and control levels.
Results of a Survey Assessing the Impact of Astronomy Village: Investigating the Universe

This paper discusses the results of a follow-up questionnaire administered to over 300 registered owners of Astronomy Village ® : Investigating the Universe™ . The results indicate that teachers who used the software were very pleased with it. They felt that students were learning a variety of science related skills. It was also determined that the greatest barriers teachers face in adopting Astronomy Village are lack of proper equipment and lack of time.
A simplified model for zinc oxide surge arresters

A model for metal-oxide surge arresters, derived from that one recommended from the IEEE W.G. 3.4. 11, is presented. The main innovation introduced by the paper lies in the simplicity of the criteria proposed for the model's parameter identification. Such criteria allow calculation of the model parameters directly from the standard data reported in the arrester data-sheets with a simple and straightforward procedure. The effectiveness of the model was tested for several arresters of different manufacturer both for medium voltage and for high voltage application. The discharge test results obtained by the manufacturers were compared with the results of simulations performed with the Alternative Transient Program (ATP). Effectiveness and simplicity of use make the proposed model a useful tool for insulation coordination studies involving steep front transients.