Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tackling (Childhood) Obesity through a Voluntary Food Reformulation Policy: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study Investigating Nutritional Changes in the Out-of-Home Sector

The Childhood Obesity Plan aimed to reduce sugar and energy in foods through a voluntary sugar-reduction programme. Our primary objective was to determine whether this implementation strategy had been successful, focusing on the out-of-home sector. We used a repeated cross-sectional design to evaluate nutritional changes in desserts served by leading chain restaurants. We extracted nutrition information from online menus in autumn/winter 2020, for comparison with baseline (2017) and interim (2018) values extracted from third-party datasets. We assessed compliance with the 20% sugar-reduction target and category-specific energy targets by product category and for pooled desserts. Overall, sugar/portion and energy/portion decreased by 11% and 4%, respectively. Policy targets were achieved in one of five categories (ice-cream: −38% sugar, p < 0.001; −30% energy, p < 0.001). Secondary outcomes were analysed for subgroups with the necessary data. Few chains significantly reduced sugar and/or energy across their dessert range. Energy/portion was positively associated with portion weight and sugar/portion but not with sugar/100 g. More than half of adults’ desserts contained excessive sugar and/or saturated fat compared with dietary guidelines. Children’s desserts less frequently exceeded guidelines. These results demonstrate that voluntary measures can drive substantial change when technical, commercial, and operational barriers can be overcome.
Adiabatic Ensemble Control of a Continuum of Quantum Systems

In this article we discuss how to control a parameter-dependent family of quantum systems. Our technique is based on adiabatic approximation theory and on the presence of curves of conical eigenvalue intersections of the controlled Hamiltonian. As particular cases, we recover chirped pulses for two-level quantum systems and counter-intuitive solutions for three-level stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP). The proposed technique works for systems evolving both in finite-dimensional and infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. We show that the assumptions guaranteeing ensemble controllability are structurally stable with respect to perturbations of the parametrized family of systems.
The Enigmatic CA2: Exploring the Understudied Region of the Hippocampus and Its Involvement in Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects both motor and non-motor functions. Although motor impairment is a prominent clinical sign of PD, additional neurological symptoms may also occur, particularly in the preclinical and prodromal stages. Among these symptoms, social cognitive impairment is common and detrimental. This article aims to review non-motor symptoms in PD patients, focusing on social cognitive deficits. It also examines the specific characteristics of the CA2 region and its involvement in social behavior, highlighting recent advances and perspectives. Additionally, this review provides critical insights into and analysis of research conducted in rodents and humans, which may help improve the understanding of the current status of putative therapeutic strategies for social cognitive dysfunction in PD and potential avenues related to the function of the hippocampal CA2 region.
What is an “ongoing” clinical trial? An analysis of different sources revealed heterogeneous definitions of when a clinical trial starts and ends: a meta-research study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Although the concept of an “ongoing study” seems self-explanatory, it is difficult to determine whether a trial is underway. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the definitions of “ongoing clinical trial” across different clinical trial registries, methodological guidelines, and other sources. DESIGN AND SETTING: This meta-research study was conducted at the Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of relevant clinical trial registry databases, methodological guidelines for conducting systematic reviews, and other sources that would define or regulate clinical trials. RESULTS: We identified various heterogeneous definitions used by eligible sources at both the start and end of a clinical trial. The starting criteria used were as follows: when the team is planning the protocol, when permission is given to conduct the study, or when the first participant is enrolled. Some sources used the time at which the last outcome data was collected as a criterion to determine the end of the trial. The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors stated that a study is still “ongoing” during the analysis process. Several sources use a vague definition or present no clear criteria for defining the start or end of a study. CONCLUSION: The concept of “ongoing clinical trials” lacks a transparent and homogeneous definition across relevant sources. A consensus on this concept is important to facilitate the evaluation of available evidence and conduct research synthesis. Further efforts are necessary to determine the best definition for the start and end of a clinical trial.
Asynchronous network firmware update over the air designed for wireless sensor and actuator networks

This paper improvies the traditional FOTA system to a more robust one named ANFUOTA. This technique is only applicable to systems without embedded operating systems and to microcontrollers without multiple flash memory bank. This novel system is capable of updating the firmware in an asynchronous mode via networks WSN/WSAN kind and furthermore, it guarantees that the system never be without a valid firmware or rather, it is immune of communication failure or loss of packets and even feeding loss, independently of the updating phase. Even during the memory rewriting, in case it happens a feeding failure, the system will begin all over again the recording in the next rebooting. The used technique foresses an updating via networks WSN kind in an asynchronous mode and the firmware can be received in a distributed way in time and in many pieces or capable of being continuous. During this phase, the system remains online and doesn't enter in recording mode, keeping its activity on network. The system guarantees immunity in face of feeding loss and loss of packets by the network in all phases of updating, enabling updating all devices in network, simultaneously.
A Learning Algorithm for Top-Down Tree Transducers

A generalization from string to trees and from languages to transformations is given of the classical result that any regular language can be learned from annotated examples: we show how to learn top-down deterministic tree transducers (DTOPs) in Gold's model with polynomial resources from samples of input-output examples, while assuming a top-down schema for the input domain. Until now, similar results were known only for string transducers, sequential tree-to-word transducers, and simple relabeling tree transducers. Learning of DTOPs is more involved because a DTOP can copy, delete, and permute its input subtrees. Thus, complex dependencies of labeled input to output paths need to be maintained by the algorithm. First, a Myhill-Nerode theorem is presented for DTOPs with top-down inspection, which characterizes the unique normal forms of such machines from Engelfriet, Maneth, Seidl 2009 in a purely semantical manner. This theorem is then used to construct a learning algorithm for DTOPs with top-down inspection. Finally, it is shown how our result can be applied to learn XML transformations reminicent to XSLT programs, under the assumption that the schema for the domain of input trees is a DTD or an XML Schema. For this, a new schema-based encoding of unranked trees by ranked ones is presented. Over such encodings, DTOPs can realize many practically interesting XML transformations which cannot be realized on first-child/next-sibling encodings. This article extends on a paper presented at PODS’2010.
Value of the Lymphocyte Transformation Test for the Diagnosis of Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity Reactions in Hospitalized Patients with Severe COVID-19

In the first wave of COVID-19, up to 20% of patients had skin lesions with variable characteristics. There is no clear evidence of the involvement of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in all cases; some of these lesions may be secondary to drug hypersensitivity. To analyze the possible cause of the skin lesions, we performed a complete allergology study on 11 patients. One year after recovery from COVID-19, we performed a lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) and Th1/Th2 cytokine secretion assays for PBMCs. We included five nonallergic patients treated with the same drugs without lesions. Except for one patient who had an immediate reaction to azithromycin, all patients had a positive LTT result for at least one of the drugs tested (azithromycin, clavulanic acid, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir, and ritonavir). None of the nonallergic patients had a positive LTT result. We found mixed Th1/Th2 cytokine secretion (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IFN-γ) in patients with skin lesions corresponding to mixed drug hypersensitivity type IVa and IVb. In all cases, we identified a candidate drug as the culprit for skin lesions during SARS-CoV-2 infection, although only three patients had a positive drug challenge. Therefore, it would be reasonable to recommend avoiding the drug in question in all cases.
Addressing the Visible and Invisible Gaps and Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of Intellectual Disability

Intellectual disability (ID) can be caused by various environmental and genetic factors and can lead to significant disability. There are numerous challenges in the field in terms of diagnosis and management. In this article, we have reviewed the literature in this field. A dependable estimate of the prevalence in India still remains to be made. Preventive measures and screening play an important role. The country could greatly benefit from a national newborn screening program, presence of more trained professionals, and public awareness measures. Drug treatments spanning beyond the usual drug classes have not yet found a breakthrough. Persons with ID face many challenges in the field of education, disability certification, access to government schemes, job placements, and living arrangements. We must take cognizance of these challenges at the earliest and work toward rectifying them.
The chromosome-scale reference genome and transcriptome analysis of Solanum torvum provides insights into resistance to root-knot nematodes

Solanum torvum (Swartz) (2n = 24) is a wild Solanaceae plant with high economic value that is used as a rootstock in grafting for Solanaceae plants to improve the resistance to a soil-borne disease caused by root-knot nematodes (RKNs). However, the lack of a high-quality reference genome of S. torvum hinders research on the genetic basis for disease resistance and application in horticulture. Herein, we present a chromosome-level assembly of genomic sequences for S. torvum combining PacBio long reads (HiFi reads), Illumina short reads and Hi-C scaffolding technology. The assembled genome size is ~1.25 Gb with a contig N50 and scaffold N50 of 38.65 Mb and 103.02 Mb, respectively as well as a BUSCO estimate of 98%. GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis of the unique S. torvum genes, including NLR and ABC transporters, revealed that they were involved in disease resistance processes. RNA-seq data also confirmed that 48 NLR genes were highly expressed in roots and fibrous roots and that three homologous NLR genes (Sto0288260.1, Sto0201960.1 and Sto0265490.1) in S. torvum were significantly upregulated after RKN infection. Two ABC transporters, ABCB9 and ABCB11 were identified as the hub genes in response to RKN infection. The chromosome-scale reference genome of the S. torvum will provide insights into RKN resistance.
Proposta de seleção de fornecedores baseado no AHP e na representação linguística fuzzy 2-tuple

O aumento da participação dos fornecedores na determinação do custo final dos produtos e no valor entregue aos clientes das empresas têm aumentado. Com isso, o processo de seleção de fornecedores tem aumentado sua relevância para gestores e acadêmicos. A escolha dos fornecedores deve ser realizada de maneira estruturada, baseado em diversos critérios que podem ser classificados como quantitativos e qualitativos. Os primeiros são registros de desempenho do fornecedor, como: custo, lead time de entrega, número de defeitos etc; enquanto os qualitativos são fundamentados em aspectos intangíveis como confiabilidade, honestidade, capacidade gerencial etc. Na literatura, diversas técnicas têm sido utilizadas para tratamento e agregação desses critérios, com destaque para o AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) e as baseadas na lógica fuzzy. Desta forma, o objetivo principal deste trabalho é apresentar uma proposta de uso do AHP para ponderação de múltiplos critérios e da representação linguística fuzzy 2-Tuple para seleção de fornecedores. Para demonstrar e avaliar a proposta, um estudo de caso como o modelo foi realizado em uma construtora de casas populares cujo sistema de construção é por painéis monolíticos de concreto moldados. Os resultados, mostram o AHP e a representação linguística fuzzy 2-tuple como interessantes alternativas para ponderação dos critérios e avaliação dos critérios baseada em termos linguísticos.
Detection of Rotations Around a Fixed Axis Using Gyroscopes

The generalized likelihood-ratio test for zero-velocity detection provides a statistical motivation for commonly used zero-velocity detectors within inertial sensing. However, thus far, no equivalent statistical tests for other types of motions have been presented. Therefore, current activity and movement classifiers for inertial sensors typically rely on data-driven algorithms with features based on standard statistical measures. This letter studies the detection of rotations around a fixed axis using generalized likelihood-ratio tests. Two signal models are considered to describe such rotations. The first assumes a constant angular velocity and the second assumes a constant rotation direction. The resulting detection statistics are derived as the sample variance of the gyroscope measurements and the smallest eigenvalue of a positive semidefinite matrix that is proportional to the square of the gyroscope measurements over the detection interval. Experimental results support the use of the constant rotation direction model, thereby highlighting the need for a signal model that is more general than the constant angular velocity model.
Natural regeneration pattern of the wild custard-apple, Annona senegalensis Pers. in the semi-arid area of Burkina Faso, West Africa

Annona senegalensis Pers. (Annonaceae) is a multipurpose shrub species, but threatened in Burkina Faso. Therefore, understanding its natural regeneration is a challenge for the sustainable management of the species resources. Our study examines the regeneration potentials of A. senegalensis across two phytogeographic zones. The structure of Weibull showed that the distribution of the regeneration individuals based on height classes was inverse J-shaped in the two phytogeographic zones. The structure reveals a relative predominance of individuals in small size classes. A log-linear adjustment test of Weibull’s confirmed the observed distribution and Weibull distribution were not conformed (p<0.0001). A generalized linear model (GLM) and an ANOVA showed that the density of the natural regeneration of A. senegalensis was significantly higher in the south-sudanian zone. The density of the regeneration stratum 1 was 2.46 times higher in the north-sudanian than in the south-sudanian zone. The Green Index (GI) confirmed that the spatial distribution of regeneration individuals was random (GI=0). Annona senegalensis reproduces mainly by seed germination. Annona senegalensis faces difficult natural regeneration, worsened in the north-sudanian by the climate pejoration and a stronger anthropogenic pressure. The study suggests assisted natural regeneration, which should contribute to better conservation of the species.
Reflection of positron radiation from star surface and shift of inter pulse position in Crab pulsar

The pulsed radiation from the Crab pulsar consists of the main pulse (MP) and inter pulse (IP), as well as of the extra pulse components appearing at certain frequencies. It has been studied in many frequencies and contains unique information, which is not available for the majority of the pulsars. One of the mysteries of these data, found by Moffett and Hankins twenty years ago, is the shift of the IP at high radio frequencies compared to lower ones and return to its previous position in the more high-frequency optical and X-ray range. We propose the explanation of these mysterious changes with the frequency as a reflection of radiation by relativistic positrons from the stellar surface. The magnetic field of the pulsar in the pole must be inclined to the surface of the star and affects on the discussed processes.
SOBRE A INTERPRETAÇÃO AMBIENTAL DE PARÂMETROS ESTATÍSTICOS GRANULOMÉTRICOS: EXEMPLOS DE SEDIMENTOS QUATERNÁRIOS DA COSTA BRASILEIRA

The environmental interpretation of grain-size statistical parameters is a long and controversial matter in the geological literature. A trend has been devised by Folk & Ward (1957) that indicates a relationship for mean size, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis in the -3o to +3o interval. This work furthers this investigation up to +8o through 588 samples from coastal environments. Results obtained are highly suggestive that standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis are closely related to mean size.
Análise de algoritmo para problema de particionamento de posets

This work is dedicated to the study of the performance of an algorithm to solve the poset partitioning problem, which we will call the Karmarkar-Karp Generalized Complete algorithm (KKGC). The poset partitioning problem is a generalization of the famous NP-di cult problem, which is the partition problem (number partitioning). The poset partitioning problem can be interpreted as a task distribution problem (parallel processing with common tasks): given two identical machines and a list of tasks in which certain tasks depend on others, we need to distribute them between the machines so that the work is done as quickly as possible. The dependencies between the tasks generate a poset, in which a task T is larger than a task U, if T depends on U. Because it is a generalization of parallel processing associated with the classical partitioning problem, the poset partitioning problem that emerged in the context of error-correcting codes, becomes relevant also in the context of computer science. We studied the performance of the KKGC algorithm from a runtime point of view and solution accuracy. We base our analysis on the analysis done by Richard E. Korf in A complete anytime algorithm for number partitioning on the Karmarkar-Karp Complete (KKC) algorithm which is the most e cient known algorithm used to solve the partition problem, since the poset partitioning problem is a generalization of the partition problem, and the KKGC algorithm is a certain generalization of the KKC algorithm.
AN EFFICIENT ALGORITHM FOR PRIVACY IN NEAREST NEIGHBOURHOOD SEARCH IN MQMO FOR POINT CLOUDS

—Due to the growth in mobile phones, the location based service (LBS) market is growing tremendously fast. Many mobile phone applications uses LBS such as store finder, car navigation system etc. LBS provide services to mobile users based on location & data profile of user’s hence users private information may get violated. In order to protect users private information many solutions are offered but most of them only addressed on snapshot query and no support for continual query and Moving Query Moving Object(MQMO). This paper focuses on MQMO & also protects users’ private information using PIR. In this paper we proposed a system to reduce the communication cost in client-server architecture as an object needs to report its location to the server only when it leaves its safe region or server sends location update request. Hilbert transform is used to find shortest path to reach destination & protection of user data. Voronoi diagram is used for space partitioning and cell binding. Also we describe a motion adaptive indexing scheme for indexing the database of moving continuous query. The concept of motion sensitive bounding boxes (MSBs) is used in order to model moving objects & moving queries.
A Review: RSA and AES Algorithm

ARPANET to today's Internet, the amount of data and information increased to several thousand times. The amount of security problems are also increased with this development. In this paper we aim to review the working of two algorithms, RSA and AES to secure our data over the internet and communication channels. One of these algorithms is symmetric which is developed in early days of modern cryptography and other one is asymmetric, which is advance and still trustworthy.
Design and analysis of a wideband circularly polarised perturbed psi-shaped antenna

The goal of this study is to propose a wideband circularly polarised (CP) psi-shaped antenna of high gain and wide bandwidth as necessitated by intelligent transportation system applications. A wide impedance bandwidth of 2 GHz (40%) centred at 5.3 GHz is achieved through the combination of modified TM 01 , TM 20 , and TM 21 modes with three slots on either radiating edge in the simple rectangular geometry of the antenna. The stacked patch configuration helps to achieve a minimum gain of 7 dBic in the entire bandwidth. The CP psi-shaped antenna has an impressive axial ratio bandwidth of 1 GHz, which is >19% of its centre frequency 5.3 GHz. The proposed antenna can be used for detection of the blind spots of a vehicle at 5.88 GHz (DSRC frequency band), vehicle-to-vehicle communication at 5.2 GHz (WLAN IEEE 802.11a frequency band), and vehicle to roadside communication at 5.5 GHz (WiMAX IEEE 802.16 frequency band).
Quantum Effects in General Relativity: Investigating Repulsive Gravity of Black Holes at Large Distances

This paper proposes a theoretical study that investigates quantum effects on the gravity of black holes. This study utilizes a gravitational model that incorporates quantum mechanics derived from the classical-like quantum hydrodynamic representation. This research calculates the mass density distribution of quantum black holes, specifically in the case of central symmetry. The gravity of a quantum black hole shows contributions coming from quantum potential energy, which is also sensitive to the presence of a background of gravitational noise. The additional energy, stored in quantum potential fluctuations and constituting a form of dark energy, leads to a repulsive gravity in the weak gravity limit. This repulsive gravity overcomes the attractive classical Newtonian force at large distances of order of the intergalactic length.
A Fully-Integrated CMOS Dual-Band RF Energy Harvesting Front-End Employing Adaptive Frequency Selection

This paper proposes a fully-integrated dual-band CMOS RF energy harvesting (RFEH) front-end with an adaptive frequency selector that can select between two harvesting frequencies of 1.9 GHz and 2.4 GHz. The RFEH front end includes two pairs of on-chip LC networks and rectifiers that convert the harvested RF power into a usable DC voltage. An internal control logic circuit, powered by an auxiliary path, selects the input harvesting frequency band with a higher power output to the load. The proposed dual-band adaptive frequency selection RFEH system achieves a peak PCE of 40% and 32% at 1.9 GHz and 2.4 GHz, respectively.