Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Localization of intermediate‐term earthquake prediction

Relative seismic quiescence within a region which has already been diagnosed as having entered a “Time of Increased Probability” (TIP) for the occurrence of a strong earthquake can be used to refine the locality in which the earthquake may be expected to occur. A simple algorithm with parameters fitted from the data in Northern California preceding the 1980 magnitude 7.0 earthquake offshore from Eureka depicts relative quiescence within the region of a TTP. The procedure was tested, without readaptation of parameters, on 17 other strong earthquake occurrences in North America, Japan, and Eurasia, most of which were in regions for which a TIP had been previously diagnosed. The localization algorithm successfully outlined a region within which the subsequent earthquake occurred for 16 of these 17 strong earthquakes. The area of prediction in each case was reduced significantly, ranging between 7% and 25% of the total area covered by the TIP.
Explicando la corrupción judicial en las cortes intermedias e inferiores de Chile, Perú y Ecuador

This article identifies the main variables that explain judicial corruption in Chile, Peru, and Ecuador. Improving the current methodological strategies used to measure judicial corruption and incorporating endogenous and exogenous variables in the model, this article argues that legal training of the judges, respect for the judicial career, and the frag­ mentation of political power explain different degrees of judicial corruption. Through a comparative diachronic and synchronic research design of Chile, Peru and Ecuador, the article shows institutional designs with more legal steps will be more inclined to illegal payments or other types of judicial corruption. Palabras clave: Corrupción judicial, justicia, Chile, Perú, Ecuador, calidad de jueces.
Seismo‐tectonic behavior of the Pernicana Fault System (Mt Etna): A gauge for volcano flank instability?

Flank instability at basaltic volcanoes is often related to repeated dike intrusions along rift zones and accompanied by surface fracturing and seismicity. These processes have been mostly studied during specific events, and the lack of longer‐term observations hinders their better understanding. Here we analyze ~20 years of deformation of the Pernicana Fault System (PFS), the key structure controlling the instability of the eastern flank of Mt. Etna. We exploit East‐West and vertical components of mean deformation velocity, as well as corresponding time series, computed from ERS/ENVISAT (1992–2010) and COSMO‐SkyMed (2009–2011) satellite radar sensors via Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry techniques. We then integrate and compare this information with field, seismic, and leveling data, collected between 1980 and 2012. We observe transient displacements accompanied by seismicity, overprinted on a long‐term background eastward motion (~2 cm/yr). In the last decades, these transient events were preceded by a constant amount of accumulated strain near the PFS. The time of strain accumulation varies between a few years and a few decades, also depending on magma emplacement within the nearby North East Rift, which may increase the strain along the PFS. These results suggest that the amount of deformation near the PFS may be used as a gauge to forecast the occurrence of instability transients on the eastern flank of Etna. In this context, the PFS may provide an ideal, small‐scale structure to test the relations between strain accumulation, stress loading, and seismic energy release.
Internal and interfacial tides: Beam scattering and local generation of solitary waves

Analytical solutions of a linear internal-tide generation problem are presented for a stratification that involves both an interface (thermocline) and a lower layer of constant stratification. It is shown that an internal tidal beam scatters strongly at a moderately developed thermocline but much less at a thermocline that is either very weak or very strong. This scattering goes along with a local wave activity at the thermocline as well as with a downward leaking from the thermocline. It is argued that these processes offer a clue to explaining observations in the Bay of Biscay of ‘local generation’ of internal soliton packets. This is substantiated by numerical results from a nonlinear nonhydrostatic model, which is derived in this paper. Also, the effects of Coriolis dispersion are discussed. It appears that the observations from solitary waves in the Bay of Biscay can be contrasted with those in the Sulu Sea, to which a different stratification regime applies. An interpretation is given in terms of the modal structure.
Lineamientos de Dirección NO-SE y NNE-SSO a NE-SO en el Centro Occidente Colombiano y en el Ecuador

Lineaments, by definition, are deep faults which penetrate the Upper Mantle end are recognized by a variety of geomorphological, structural, sedimentary, magmatic, geophysical and even paleontological clues. Rectilinearility and continuity over considerable distances (more than 1.000 kilometers) are the most important observed characteristics of Lineaments, which based on the opinion of several authors, could be even larger and continue to be extended as oceanic fractures. The Lineaments are zones of weakness, up to 20 kilometers width, generally vertical or close to vertical, which have been affected by recurrent movements. Another interesting characteristics of all the lineaments recognized in the area of study, besides known vertical movements, are the transcurrent nature and the left-lateral sense of the displacements. The NW-SE Lineaments and the big NNE-SSW to NE-SW fractures (=Lineaments) occur as approximately orthogonal characteristics that constitute nearly a rhomboidal shape block's mosaic. It is remarkably interesting how the Lineaments such as La Fragua, Ataco-Natagaima, Rio Ariari and Canas Gordas-Boqota, which are almost perpendicular to the general trend of the Cordillera Oriental, influence the facies and thickness of the sedimentary sequences in the Magdalena Valley. It is proposed that the structural zone belts defined by NW-SE lineaments, in central Colombia and also in some other areas to the east of Rio Ariari Lineament, were some of the features of the late jurassic and lower cretaceous transgressive seas which allowed the sedimentation of formations such as Brechas de Buenavista and Rio Bata. As a result of the highest compressional forces in the zone between the Guairapungo and Rio Mira Lineaments the Cordillera Oriental lost its identity and its width is reduced to a minimum. In this area the compressional forces are higher than the north and the south and explain the thinning in this area of the Cordillera Oriental.
La confiance entre capital- investisseurs et dirigeants : conséquences comportementales et influence sur la performance financière

(VF)Cet article etudie l’influence du niveau de confiance interpersonnelle entre capital-investisseurs (CI) et dirigeants sur les processus d’interaction, sur les roles des CI dans la phase post-investissement, et sur la performance financiere des investissements. L’hypothese centrale est que la confiance favorise les processus et les roles qui ont une influence positive sur la performance. Le modele est teste au moyen d’un questionnaire sur les LBO realises en France. Les resultats montrent que la confiance influe sur l’ensemble des processus, ainsi que sur certains roles des CI, qui ont un impact favorable sur la performance. Cependant ils ne mettent pas en evidence de relation directe entre confiance et performance. (VA)This paper examines the influence of interpersonal trust between venture capitalists (VCs) and managers on work processes, on VCs’ roles during the post-investment phase, and on financial performance. The main hypothesis is that trust has a positive impact on processes and roles which favor strong financial performance. The model is tested through a mail survey of French VCs and LBO managers. The results show that trust favors all the processes identified and some of the VCs’ roles which have an impact on performance. However, no direct link between trust and performance is established.
Changing the Paradigm: Stormwater Management for the Greater New Orleans Area

The Greater New Orleans (GNO) area is often referred to as “a bowl of water surrounded by water;” an indication of the area’s continuous struggle with stormwater management, including the more recent problems of subsidence and sea level rise. To address some of these challenges, the City of New Orleans commissioned the development of an H&H computer model. As envisioned, this evaluation would serve as a baseline, and assess what could be in order that it might either exceed it in level of service or reduction in cost. The model has succeeded in fulfilling its vision and blossomed into more than just a tool for traditional drainage design. The model has been essential in developing plans and proving benefits for several projects in the GNO area, including many green infrastructure projects, and has been used to help prove the benefits of changing the stormwater management paradigm of the GNO area. TRADITIONAL DRAINAGE SOLUTIONS A properly sized and functioning stormwater system is essential to the protection of public, property, and infrastructure of any metropolitan area. This is especially true in the City of New Orleans where the local topography presents a unique challenge for stormwater management. The stormwater drainage and conveyance system in New Orleans falls under the auspices of three different entities: the City of New Orleans, Department of Public Works (NO DPW), the Sewage &Water Board of New Orleans (S&WB), and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). The NO DPW is responsible for the construction and maintenance of roadside ditches and the underground stormwater structures associated with lines smaller than 36inches in diameter. Study Area and System Characteristics The entire City of New Orleans is addressed in the modeled area within Drainage Master Plan. Historically, development of the City has gradually migrated northward and eastward from the “high ground’ area, ridges along
Extremely low frequency (ELF) fields

Trata de los efectos de la baja de frecuencia electrica sobre el hombre, describe las caracteristicas fisicas, los campos electricos naturales y artificiales, los campos magneticos, como los mecanismo de interaccion, los efectos biologicos en las celulas animales y sus medidas de proteccion
El Clima y la Justicia Organizacional y su Efecto en la Satisfaccion Laboral (The Impact of Organizational Climate, Organizational Justice on Job Satisfaction)

La satisfaccion laboral ademas de ser una variable ampliamente investigada, es una variable que tiene impactos significativos en el desempeno laboral, la intencion de rotacion, el bienestar en el trabajo y la rotacion laboral. Considerando la importancia de esta variable, se realizo una investigacion a fin de determinar ? que efecto tiene el clima y la justicia organizacional en la satisfaccion laboral? La hipotesis de trabajo sometida a escrutinio en esta investigacion giro en torno de identificar asociaciones significativas positivas entre el clima y la justicia organizacional con la satisfaccion laboral, esperando que la percepcion de un clima y justicia organizacional favorable este asociada a mayores niveles de satisfaccion laboral. Los instrumentos de medicion se aplicaron a una muestra de 307 profesores de instituciones de educacion superior. Los resultados indican que la justicia distributiva y la justicia de procedimientos presentan asociaciones positivas y significativas con diversas dimensiones de la satisfaccion laboral, en cambio la justicia interaccional mostro asociaciones negativas con la satisfaccion laboral. Por su parte, los factores de clima organizacional que mostraron diferencias significativas con la satisfaccion laboral fueron liderazgo, beneficios y recompensas, autonomia, union, relaciones sociales y apoyo entre companeros.In this study, we analyze the effect of climate and organizational justice on job satisfaction? We identify significant positive associations between climate, organizational justice and job satisfaction. We Hypothesize that perceptions of a favorable climate and organizational justice is positively related to higher levels of job satisfaction. 307 college professors participate in this study. The results indicate that distributive and procedural justice have significant positive associations with various factors of job satisfaction. On the other hand, interactional justice showed negative associations with job satisfaction. Climate factors such leadership, benefits and rewards, autonomy, unity (cohesion), relationships and peer support have significant differences with job satisfaction.
Hematite Concretions from Modern Acid Saline Lake Sediments as Geochemical and Astrobiological Tombs

GEOCHEMICAL AND ASTROBIOLOGICAL TOMBS. Brenda Beitler Bowen, Kathleen C. Benison, Francisca Oboh-Ikuenobe, and Melanie Mormile, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, U.S.A. , bbowen@purdue.edu, Department of Geology, Central Michigan University, Mt.Pleasant, MI 48859, U.S.A. Department of Geological Sciences and Engineering, University of Missouri-Rolla, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Rolla.
Evidence of epibenthic microbial mats in Early Jurassic (Sinemurian) tidal deposits, Kulla Gunnarstorp, southern Sweden

Wrinkle structures, a type of microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) were found in Jurassic tidally deposited heterolites of Kulla Gunnarstorp, southern Sweden. Wrinkle structures are characterizeded by minute, commonly elongate crinkles on the upper bedding planes of fine grained arenites. These structures, as well as MISS in general, form in siliciclastic sediments due to bacterial secretion of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), which is strongly cohesive. The wrinkle structures of the present study originated as thick epibenthic microbial mats, and are of the non-transparent type, meaning that underlying bedforms are completely concealed by the bacterial remains. Where the mat grew, EPS hindered erosion of the substrate, thus changing the premises of the physical distribution of sediments. The wrinkle structures were exclusively found on the upper bedding planes of wavy bedded micaceous arenites whose bioturbation indices range from 2–4. Microbial mat formation and preservation was facilitated since bioturbation and grazing was restricted by the fluctuating conditions (for instance regarding salinity) in the tidal depositional environment.
On the Evolution of Overcon dence and Entrepreneurs

This paper explains why seemingly irrational overconfident behavior can persist. Information aggregation is poor in groups in which most individuals herd. By ignoring the herd, the actions of overconfident individuals (“entrepreneurs”) convey their private information. However, entrepreneurs make mistakes and thus die more frequently. The socially optimal proportion of entrepreneurs trades off the positive information externality against high attrition rates of entrepreneurs, and depends on the size of the group, on the degree of overconfidence, and on the accuracy of individuals’ private information. The stationary distribution trades off the fitness of the group against the fitness of overconfident individuals. On the Evolution of Overcon dence
Invariant and dual subtraction games resolving the Duch\^e-Rigo conjecture

We prove a recent conjecture of Duch\^ene and Rigo, stating that every complementary pair of homogeneous Beatty sequences represents the solution to an \emph{invariant} impartial game. Here invariance means that each available move in a game can be played anywhere inside the game-board. In fact, we establish such a result for a wider class of pairs of complementary sequences, and in the process generalize the notion of a \emph{subtraction game}. Given a pair of complementary sequences $(a_n)$ and $(b_n)$ of positive integers, we define a game $G$ by setting $\{\{a_n, b_n\}\}$ as invariant moves. We then introduce the invariant game $G^\star $, whose moves are all non-zero $P$-positions of $G$. Provided the set of non-zero $P$-positions of $G^\star$ equals $\{\{a_n,b_n\}\}$, this \emph{is} the desired invariant game. We give sufficient conditions on the initial pair of sequences for this 'duality' to hold.
Investigating the effect of seasonal plant growth and development in 3-dimensional atmospheric simulations

We introduced daily plant growth and development functions into the Biosphere-Atmosphere Transfer Scheme (BATS) coupled to the National Center for Atmospheric Research Regional Climate Model (NCAR RegCM) to simulate the effect of seasonal plant development and growth on the atmosphere-land-surface heat, moisture, and momentum exchange. Energy, moisture, and momentum fluxes were studied over a maize agroecosystem at the scale of a 90 km atmospheric grid cell. We then ran the coupled RegCM/BATS over the conterminous United States domain at a resolution of 90 x 90 km to investigate the effect of seasonal agroecosystem processes on mesoscale atmospheric circulations over the central Great Plains of North America. During the extremely dry season of 1988, compared to the BATS noninteractive control case, 20-35% changes in sensible heat and 30-45% changes in latent heat occurred in response to greatly reduced LAI and canopy height. Changes in temperature, mixing ratio and precipitation followed. We found that the inclusion of plant growth and development functions into RegCM/BATS configuration altered not only seasonal patterns of state variables (T, q, Tv), but also the interannual variability in the simulated results. The interactive model fared better against observations compared to the noninteractive control one.
SYMMETRIC FUNCTIONS

Watrous conjectured that the randomized and quantum query complexities of symmetric functions are polynomially equivalent, which was resolved by Ambainis and Aaronson [1], and was later improved in [17, 13]. This paper explores a fine-grained version of the Watrous conjecture, including the randomized and quantum algorithms with success probabilities arbitrarily close to 1/2. Our contributions include the following: 1. An analysis of the optimal success probability of quantum and randomized query algorithms of two fundamental partial symmetric Boolean functions given a fixed number of queries. We prove that for any quantum algorithm computing these two functions using T queries, there exist randomized algorithms using poly(T ) queries that achieve the same success probability as the quantum algorithm, even if the success probability is arbitrarily close to 1/2. These two classes of functions are instrumental in analyzing general symmetric functions. 2. We establish that for any total symmetric Boolean function f , if a quantum algorithm uses T queries to compute f with success probability 1/2 + β, then there exists a randomized algorithm using O(T ) queries to compute f with success probability 1/2 + Ω ( δβ ) on a 1− δ fraction of inputs, where β, δ can be arbitrarily small positive values. As a corollary, we prove a randomized version of Aaronson-Ambainis Conjecture [1] for total symmetric Boolean functions in the regime where the success probability of algorithms can be arbitrarily close to 1/2. 3. We present polynomial equivalences for several fundamental complexity measures of partial symmetric Boolean functions. Specifically, we first prove that for certain partial symmetric Boolean functions, quantum query complexity is at most quadratic in approximate degree for any error arbitrarily close to 1/2. Next, we show exact quantum query complexity is at most quadratic in degree. Additionally, we give the tight bounds of several complexity measures, indicating their polynomial equivalence. Conversely, we exhibit an exponential separation between randomized and exact quantum query complexity for certain partial symmetric Boolean functions. ∗supported by US National Science Foundation (award no 1954311). †supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 62332009, 61972191) and Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology (Grant No. 2021ZD0302900). ‡supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 62332009, 61972191) and Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology (Grant No. 2021ZD0302900). ar X iv :2 30 9. 11 27 9v 1 [ cs . C C ] 2 0 Se p 20 23 On the Fine-Grained Query Complexity of Symmetric Functions
Millennial‐scale glacial meltwater pulses and their effect on the spatiotemporal benthicδ18O variability

[1] Ratios of oxygen isotope values obtained from foraminiferal calcite are one of the most established paleoceanographic proxies. They are used in the context of estimating variations in ice volume, ocean temperature, and salinity and provide a means to date marine sediment cores across different ocean basins. Our study addresses the question how the δ18O of the deglacial meltwater signal propagates into the interior ocean, when large-scale millennial-scale reorganizations of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) are present. Analyzing a series of idealized tracer-injection experiments conducted with an earth system model, we find that a substantial weakening of the AMOC leads to a massive delay in the export of the glacioeustatic oxygen isotope signal into the deep ocean, whereas the Atlantic-Pacific lag in benthic oxygen isotope signals is not increased. Furthermore, it is shown that an AMOC cessation causes a decoupling ofδ18O propagation time and water mass age, in particular in the deep Pacific. Our results lend further support to the notion that benthic oxygen isotope records obtained from stacks are not a useful global chronostratigraphic tool during periods of millennial-scale global ocean circulation changes. The regionally varying delay effect of the deglacial sea level signal studied here adds onto existing uncertainties in the interpretation and decomposition of benthic oxygen isotope in terms of sea level, temperature, and hydrographic variations.
High resolution climatic evolution of coastal Northern California during the past 16

Holocene and latest Pleistocene oceanographic conditions and the coastal climate of northern California have varied greatly, based upon high-resolution studies (ca. every 100 years) of diatoms, alkenones, pollen, CaCO 3 %,and total organic carbon at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1019 (41.682°N, 124.930°W, 980 m water depth). Marine climate proxies (alkenone sea surface temperatures [SSTs] and CaCO 3 %) behaved remarkably like the Greenland Ice Sheet Project (GISP)-2 oxygen isotope record during the Balling-Allerod, Younger Dryas (YD), and early part of the Holocene. During the YD, alkenone SSTs decreased by >3°C below mean Bolling-Allerod and Holocene SSTs. The early Holocene (ca. 11.6 to 8.2 ka) was a time of generally warm conditions and moderate CaCO 3 content (generally >4%). The middle part of the Holocene (ca. 8.2 to 3.2 ka) was marked by alkenone SSTs that were consistently 1-2°C cooler than either the earlier or later parts of the Holocene, by greatly reduced numbers of the gyre-diatom Pseudoeunotia doliolus (<10%), and by a permanent drop in CaCO 3 % to <3%. Starting at ca. 5.2 ka, coastal redwood and alder began a steady rise, arguing for increasing effective moisture and the development of the north coast temperate rain forest. At ca. 3.2 ka, a permanent ca. 1°C increase in alkenone SST and a threefold increase in P. doliolus signaled a warming of fall and winter SSTs. Intensified (higher amplitude and more frequent) cycles of pine pollen alternating with increased alder and redwood pollen are evidence that rapid changes in effective moisture and seasonal temperature (enhanced El Nino-Southern Oscillation [ENSO] cycles) have characterized the Site 1019 record since about 3.5 ka.