Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biogéochimie benthique : processus communs et divergences entre les sédiments littoraux et ceux des marges continentales : comparaison entre le Bassin d’Arcachon et le Golfe de Gascogne

Les processus biogeochimiques benthiques lies a la degradation de la matiere organique sont etudies depuis 30 ans. Beaucoup de travaux ont mesure soit un grand nombre de parametres sur quelques carottes, soit un nombre restreint de parametres sur de nombreuses carottes. Dans le Golfe de Gascogne, 29 parametres diagenetiques sont etudies a de multiples stations depuis 1997 et dans le Bassin d’Arcachon depuis 2005. Ainsi la banque de donnees biogeochimiques benthiques constituee est actuellement la plus importante a notre connaissance. Les similarites et divergences entre l’environnement cotier de la lagune mesotidale d’Arcachon et la marge continentale du Golfe de Gascogne ont pu etre discutees. Une etude de l’heterogeneite spatiale a l’echelle de l’echantillonnage a permis de preciser la methodologie d’echantillonnage dans le Bassin d’Arcachon et de discuter de la representativite saisonniere des donnees de la banque de donnees du Golfe de Gascogne. Les carottes de la banque de donnees ne peuvent pas etre reellement interpretees en terme de variabilite saisonniere, alors qu’une saisonnalite des apports a bien ete mise en evidence par l’etude des particules en suspension dans la colonne d’eau. L’oxygene dissous est tres sensible a la variabilite de ces apports et l’etude de sa distribution a l’aide de la banque de donnees du Golfe de Gascogne, ainsi que des teneurs en carbone organique particulaire (COP) montre que les flux de matiere organique labile representent la plus grande partie du carbone exporte au fond et que, pour une zone geographique peu etendue comme le Golfe de Gascogne, l’efficacite d’enfouissement du COP varie de 50% a 10%. La banque de donnees a egalement permis l’etude de la geochimie benthique du manganese, ce qui a donne l’occasion de proposer une methode de calcul du taux d’accumulation sedimentaire basee sur la geochimie de cet element a l’etat stationnaire. Enfin, des carottes longues realisees dans les deux environnements ont permis de caracteriser les processus diagenetiques anoxiques profonds dans un environnement a l’etat stationnaire (le Golfe de Gascogne) et un autre a l’etat transitoire (le Bassin d’Arcachon).
Energy Allocations of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides): The Interactive Effects of Season and Ration

Young-of-year (YOY) fish differentially allocate energy towards growth of various dimensions and tissue types. In temperate environments, several size-selective sources of mortality (e.g., overwinter starvation and predation) have driven adaptation through season-specific energy allocation strategies in YOY fish. However, the degree to which observed patterns in energy allocation are the product of ration-dependent plasticity rather than hard-wired life-history traits is largely unknown. We conducted two experiments to evaluate the role of ration and season on energy allocation of YOY largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Through a controlled laboratory experiment in 2006, growth and condition of largemouth bass were monitored under four ration treatments. Repeated measures ANOVA indicated the effect of ration treatment was significant for relative weight (F3,9.41 = 9.973, p = 0.003) but not for wet weight (F3,6.41 = 2.082, p = 0.198) or total length (F3,6.41 = 0.967, p = 0.462). A second study conducted in outdoor experimental raceways in 2006 and 2007 evaluated the effects of ration (mediated by stocking density and raceway position) and season on patterns of energy allocation during summer and fall. Analyses of covariance found significant differences in length-adjusted dry weight among treatments in August and September of 2006 and 2007, but no significant difference among treatments in October of 2006 (F2,67 = 2.627, p = 0.080) and 2007 (F3,56 = 2.994, p = 0.14). These experiments demonstrate the existence of a tradeoff associated with allocating energy to structure or storage tissue and suggest that ration mediates the extent to which fish must respond to this tradeoff with seasonal shifts in energy allocation pattern.
Ischemia Possibly Associated with High Degree Atrioventricular Block

Conduction restoration in second- and third-degree atrioventricular (AV) block after revascularization in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) setting is well established, however this is not the case in non-ACS setting. We present a case of a patient referred for permanent pacemaker implantation, due to high degree AV block (HAVB), who restored his conduction possibly due to targeted revascularization. Thus, this case sheds insight in the reversibility potential of HAVB after revascularization in non-ACS patients, which although signified in current literature, is still far from being a recommendation, due to lack of robust scientific confirmation.
Assessing the Impact of a Service Excellence Program on Improving Patient Experience at Primary Health Care Centers

Background: Frontline clinical staff play a crucial role in shaping patient experience and, therefore, require adequate training and education to deliver exceptional service. This study aimed to assess the impact of a service excellence and quality training program on frontline clinical staff's knowledge, perception, and attitude toward patient experience and service excellence. We also examined the effect of this intervention on patient experience scores. Methods: This study utilized a pre-post intervention design, where frontline clinical staff completed a questionnaire to establish baseline "knowledge and perception scores" and "attitude scores" related to patient experience. The same questionnaire was administered after the training program to measure any changes in scores. Patient experience scores were collected from existing data, comparing results from different quarters before and after the intervention. The training and education program covered various components, including effective communication, empathy, service standards, and service recovery. Results: A total of 256 staff members, including nurses, physicians, and allied healthcare professionals, participated in the training program. The study found statistically significant improvements in all components of staff knowledge, perception, and attitude. Specifically, there was a median improvement in knowledge and perception scores, which increased from 77.2% to 96.5%. Additionally, attitude scores showed a median improvement from 73.8% to 92.5%. Moreover, the overall patient experience score increased from 62% to 72.4%. Conclusion: The study revealed significant improvements in staff knowledge, perception, and attitude, along with enhanced patient experience scores. These findings suggest a potential role for targeted interventions in enhancing patient experience and supporting ongoing quality improvement in primary healthcare settings.
Competitive Performance of the Ethiopian Flower Industry from a Pre-to Post COVID-19 Pandemic Era (2003-2022): A Comparative Study

The purpose of this study was to examine the competitive performance of the Ethiopian flower industry in the world market from the pre-to post COVID-19 pandemic era in comparison with the Netherlands, Colombia, Ecuador, Kenya, Italy, China, Malaysia, Israel, and Canada. The study collected secondary data from the International Trade Centre (ITC) database for the years between 2003 and 2022. The data collected was analyzed by NRCA (Normalized Revealed Comparative Advantage) and RTA (Relative Trade Advantage) indexes as a measure of competitive performance as well as using both descriptive and inferential statistical analysis tools: mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, Pearson’s correlation test, and paired sample t -test. The findings show that Ethiopia, as well as the Netherlands, Colombia, Ecuador, and Kenya, have a strong competitive advantage in the flower industry in the pre-to post COVID-19 pandemic era (2003-2022), with relatively consistent competitive performance trend in the world market; while other countries with fluctuating competitive advantage and self-balancing (Israel, Malaysia, and China) and also countries such as Italy and Canada have a competitive disadvantage in flower in the world market. Ethiopia’s flower competitive advantage has achieved a steady improvement in the post COVID-19 pandemic era while other countries are facing inconsistent and huge decline, particularly, Colombia, as the finding revealed. Also, paired sample t-test result shows that statistically significant difference was found between Ethiopia’s competitive advantage and those of the top competin g countries with a p-value ˂ . 05. The finding also indicated that with average values of the relative import advantage (RMA = .48) and relative trade advantage (RTA = 128.80) indexes, Ethiopia is a net exporter of flowers. Therefore, the findings of this study give managers robust evidence of how their flower industry’s competitive performance changes over time and the rank of their respective country. The flower competitive performance of Ethiopia, compared to the Netherlands, Colombia, Ecuador, Kenya, Italy, China, Malaysia, Israel
Phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of the ancient genus Onychorhynchus (Aves: Onychorhynchidae) suggest cryptic Amazonian diversity

We examined phylogeographic patterns and cryptic diversity within the royal flycatcher, Onychorhynchus coronatus (Aves: Onychorhynchidae), a widespread Neotropical lowland forest tyrant flycatcher. A phylogeny of the six recognized subspecies was constructed from mtDNA sequence data of the NADH dehydrogenase subunit two gene, using Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood methods. Phylogenetic analyses revealed high levels of intraspecific divergence within O. coronatus, supporting the existence of at least six independent lineages. The phylogenetic results uncovered the following relationships: (O. c. swainsoni [Southern Atlantic Forest], (O. c. coronatus [western Amazonia], (O. c. castelnaui [eastern Amazonia], (O. c. mexicanus [Central America], (O. c. occidentalis [Tumbesian], O. c. fraterculus [extreme northwestern South America])))). Biogeographic and dating analyses suggest that vicariant and dispersal events acted across approximately six million years to influence lineage diversification within this genus. Some of those events include the formation of the Amazon River and its tributaries, Andean uplift, and climatically induced vegetational shifts. Phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses of O. coronatus lineages support a hypothesis of area relationships in which the first divergence event isolated the Southern Atlantic Forest from Amazonia during the Late Miocene/Early Pliocene. This event was followed by the split of western and eastern Amazonia at the Early/Late Pliocene, the divergence of cis‐ and trans‐Andean lowland regions also at the Early/Late Pliocene, the split between Central America and the extreme northwestern South America/Tumbes at the Early/Middle Pleistocene, and the split between extreme northwestern South America and Tumbes at Middle/Late Pleistocene. Subsequent divergence of the southern and northern populations in the western and eastern Onychorhynchus lineages took place during the Pleistocene. Comparison of phylogenetic trees and patterns in Onychorhynchus with those from published work suggests that across large New World radiations such as the Suboscines, some co‐distributed lineages began to diverge long before others, which exemplifies the complexity of their evolutionary history.
INCIDENCE OF RIFAMPICIN RESISTANCE AMONG TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE OF KOPPAL DISTRICT

Background: In 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated 480,000 incident multidrug resistant TB (MDR-TB; resistance of both isoniazid and rifampicin) cases globally. To study the Incidence of Rifampicin Resistance among Tuberculosis Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre of Koppal District. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based study was conducted in teaching hospital NTEP centre from January 2021 to December 2021 in Koppal District. Ethical clearance was obtained from the institutional ethical committee for the present study. Result: The incidence of tuberculosis in the study population is 8.85per 100000 population and incidence of Rif resistant tuberculosis in the study population is 1.58per 100000 population. Conclusion: Even though effective control programme of tuberculosis is present in our country still the incidence as of tubercusosis as well as incidence of drug resistant TB proposes a major challenge therefore still effective awareness as well as control programmes are essential to combat tuberculosis.
AUDIT OF DIAGNOSIS EFFICACY OF CBNAAT FOR EXTRAPULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS

Background: Diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis is challenging due to pauci bacillary nature of the disease and is mostly multidimensional involving judgmental assessment of clinical features and disease-related structural radiological images. The study was undertaken to assess the utility of CBNAAT in field conditions for evaluating suspected cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis Cases. Materials and Methods: This study was a prospective Observational study conducted in a tertiary care hospital, Jamnagar, West Gujarat. Among 125 extra-pulmonary patients,34.4% were from age group 20-39 years and 68(54.4%) were males.85(68%) were newly diagnosed. Among pulmonary Smear negative 36.9% were 20-39 Years,51(78.4%) were males and 45(69%) were newly diagnosed. Result: Out of 125 extra pulmonary TB patients, CBNAAT detected MTB in 50%, 44.44%, 34.71%, 15%, 10%, 10%, 0.0%, and 0.0% respectively in articular, pus, lymph node, CSF, pleural fluids, gastric fluids, pericardial and urinary TB. CBNAAT MTB detection was 66.67%, 50%, 50%, 0.0%, 33.33%, and 0.0% in pus aspirated from psoas abscess, breast abscess, chest wall swelling, splenic abscess, gluteal abscess, and occipital swelling respectively. In our current study, the diagnostic accuracy of CBNAAT for extrapulmonary TB was 63.3% and 76.9%, respectively, and for smear-negative cases, they are 80% and 91%, respectively. Conclusion: The overall sensitivity and specificity were found to be 63.3% and 76.9%, respectively. Notably in our study, the assay performed better in smear-negative cases, with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 91%. These findings indicate the potential of the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay in detecting TB cases that are missed by conventional smear microscopy, particularly in the context of extrapulmonary TB.
RENAL MASS AND LOCALIZED RENAL CANCER: EVALUATION, MANAGEMENT, AND FOLLOW-UP: AUA GUIDELINE

This AUA Guidelines focuses on the evaluation and management of clinically localized sporadic renal masses suspicious for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in adults, including solid enhancing renal tumors and Bosniak 3 and 4 complex cystic renal masses. Some patients with clinically localized renal masses may present with findings suggesting aggressive tumor biology or may be upstaged on exploration or final pathology. Management considerations pertinent to the urologist in such patients will also be discussed. The follow-up of renal cancer patients after intervention is also addressed, including recommendations for periodic clinical follow-up and abdominal and chest imaging. Practice patterns regarding such tumors vary considerably, and the literature regarding evaluation, management, and surveillance has been rapidly evolving. Notable examples include controversies about the role of renal mass biopsy (RMB) and concerns regarding overutilization of radical nephrectomy (RN). Please also refer to the associated Renal Mass and Localized Renal Cancer Treatment and Follow-up after Intervention algorithms.
in rats with chronic brain ischemia via comprehensive pathogenetic

Cerebrovascular pathology has evolved from a medical concern to a social issue, with the efficacy of secondary neuroprotection remaining a pertinent question. While some investigations have been conducted to elucidate the effectiveness of a comprehensively grounded pharmacological correction scheme under conditions of experimentaly induced chronic brain ischemia, further refinement is necessary to understand the behavioral effects of animals, dosages, routes of administration of pharmacological agents, and analysis of obtained data. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of applying Semax and hopantenic acid in the comprehensive treatment of motor disorders and established neurological impairments in rats with experimentally induced chronic brain ischemia. We determined that rats with chronic brain ischemia exhibit muscular dysfunctions and experience pronounced disturbances in emotional behavior from the first day. It has been demonstrated that the separate and combined application of Semax and hopantenic acid contributes to the restoration of muscle activity, normalization of coordination, and emotional behavior in rats with chronic
Detection and long-term quantification of methane emissions from an active landfill

Abstract. Landfills are a significant source of fugitive methane (CH4) emissions, which should be precisely and regularly monitored to reduce and mitigate net greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, we present long-term, in situ, near-surface, mobile atmospheric CH4 mole fraction measurements (complemented by meteorological measurements from a fixed station) from 21 campaigns that cover approximately 4 years from September 2016 to December 2020. These campaigns were utilized to regularly quantify the total CH4 emissions from an active landfill in France. We use a simple atmospheric inversion approach based on a Gaussian plume dispersion model to derive CH4 emissions. Together with the measurements near the soil surface, mainly dedicated to the identification of sources within the landfill, measurements of CH4 made on the landfill perimeter (near-field) helped us to identify the main emission areas and to provide some qualitative insights about the rank of their contributions to total emissions from the landfill. The two main area sources correspond, respectively, to a covered waste sector with infrastructure with sporadic leakages (such as wells, tanks, pipes, etc.) and to the last active sector receiving waste during most of the measurement campaigns. However, we hardly managed to extract a signal representative of the overall landfill emissions from the near-field measurements, which limited our ability to derive robust estimates of the emissions when assimilating them in the atmospheric inversions. The analysis shows that the inversions based on the measurements from a remote road further away from the landfill (far-field) yielded reliable estimates of the total emissions but provided less information on the spatial variability of emissions within the landfill. This demonstrates the complementarity between the near- and far-field measurements. According to these inversions, the total CH4 emissions have a large temporal variability and range from ∼ 0.4 to ∼ 7 t CH4 d−1, with an average value of ∼ 2.1 t CH4 d−1. We find a weak negative correlation between these estimates of the CH4 emissions and atmospheric pressure for the active landfill. However, this weak emission–pressure relationship is based on a relatively small sample of reliable emission estimates with large sampling gaps. More frequent robust estimations are required to better understand this relationship for an active landfill.
Private military and security companies, contract structure, market competition, and violence in Iraq

Conflict environments exacerbate an incentive dilemma between employers and private military and security companies (PMSCs). PMSCs seek to maximize profits, but employers seek to minimize expenses and maximize services. We argue that PMSCs are influenced by two complementary economic factors: contract structure and intra-sector competition. Contract structures are set by employers and establish compensation constraints and intra-sector competition identifies potential replacements. Both impact service delivery. We find that PMSCs with contract structures that lack performance incentives, even in the presence of competition, increase the likelihood of violence in Iraq. PMSCs that lacked intra-sector competition had a similar but smaller effect.
ROLE OF ANTHROPOMETRIC MARKERS IN HYPOTHYROID & HYPERTHYROID SUBJECTS

Background: The thyroid gland secretes thyroid hormones, which manage the velocity at which the frame’s chemical capacities retain (metabolic price). The two thyroid hormones are - T4: Thyroxine (furthermore known as tetraiodothyronine) and T3: Triiodothyronine. Thyroxin (T4) can be a conventional hormone applied around the world to treat hundreds of thousands of sufferers with thyroid clutters. T4 is the most secretory component of the thyroid. A complete or moderate loss of thyroid hormone activity is known as hypothyroidism, which may be undeniable or asymptomatic. Hyperthyroidism, or hyperthyroidism, occurs when the thyroid gland produces more thyroid hormone than the body wants. As a result, the current study's objective is to determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism among the study's participants and those who are overweight or obese. The study also intends to determine whether there is any correlation between obesity as measured by body mass index (BMI), weight, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio and thyroid function as measured by TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) levels. The prevalence of weight is extending all-inclusive and one of the basic elements associated with corpulence is concept to be thyroid brokenness. This contemplation pointed to finding the recurrence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in obese and robust people and to study the relationship between hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism and anthropometric parameters
STUDY ON SERUM VITAMIN D LEVEL AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH SEVERITY AND OUTCOME OF ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE

Background: Vitamin D deficiency was discovered to be quite common in cerebrovascular accident (CVA) patients in hospital-based observational investigations involving neuroimaging confirmed CVA patients. So, the current study has been conducted in Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital (DMCH), Bihar, where the role of Vitamin D is established with acute ischemic stroke patients. Materials and Methods: The study population was selected as patients with acute ischemic stroke attending MOPD or admitted to DMCH for one year of the study period, and the sample size was 50 or over. The simple design was acute ischemic stroke patients coming in contact with DMCH where written informed consent could be collected will be part of this study. The inclusion criteria of this study were patients with acute ischemic stroke (symptoms of sudden onset Neuro deficit persisting for >24 hours) documented by CT scan of the brain and exclusion criteria of this study were individuals with vasculitis, atrial fibrillation, a hyper-coagulable condition, and valvular heart disease. Also, the result of NIH and mRS scores showed high in patients with low Vitamin D levels (<20 ng/ml). Results: As a result, careful consideration must be given to reconsidering the vitamin's role in macro-vascular diseases in order to develop a healthcare strategy to lower the mortality and morbidity resulting from these macro-vascular events. Conclusion: We draw the conclusion that vitamin D deficiency is widespread in Bihar's population as a whole.