Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PROGRAM ON HOUSING AND URBAN POLICY WORKING PAPER SERIES

Theories about the importance of space in urban labor markets have emphasized the role of employment access, on the one hand, and neighborhood composition, on the other hand, in affecting employment outcomes. This paper presents an empirical analysis which considers both of these factors, together with individual human capital characteristics and household attributes in affecting youth employment. The analysis is based upon an unusually rich sample of micro data on youth in four New Jersey metropolitan areas. The empirical analysis is based on a sample of some 28,000 at home youth, matched to detailed census tract demographic information and specially constructed measures of employment access. The research includes a comparison of the importance of neighborhood and access in affecting youth employment when individual and household attributes are also measured. The results demonstrate the overall importance of these spatial factors (particularly neighborhood composition) in affecting youth employment in urban areas.
The effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on chemotherapy-induced side effects and immune function in colorectal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) was one of the most widely diagnosed cancers in the United States in 2021. CRC patients may experience significant psychological stress and are susceptible to depression and anxiety. Previous studies have shown that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can reduce fatigue and improve quality of life among breast cancer patients. However, as a non-pharmaceutical treatment, it remains unclear whether CBT improves chemotherapy-induced side effects and immune function in CRC patients. In this study, we will conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) among CRC patients undergoing chemotherapy to determine whether CBT can reduce the side effects of chemotherapy and improve the immune function of CRC patients. Methods The study will be a single-center RCT. CRC patients undergoing chemotherapy will receive either eight sessions of group-based CBT (every 2–3 weeks) or usual care (usual oncology care). Each participant will undergo assessments at baseline (T0), immediately post-intervention (T1), 3 months post-intervention (T2), and 6 months post-intervention (T3). The primary outcome will include chemotherapy-induced side effects in CRC patients. The secondary outcome will be immune function (measured by levels of inflammatory cytokines). Other outcomes will include the levels of tumor markers, assessments of psychological status (perception of stress, depression and anxiety, self-efficacy, sleep quality, quality of life, social support condition, and cognitive function), and necessary laboratory examinations (biochemical index and blood cell counts) among CRC patients undergoing chemotherapy. Discussion Our study will provide clinical evidence regarding whether CBT should be generalized in clinical treatment and the extent to which CBT reduces chemotherapy-induced side effects for CRC patients. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov registration number NCT04741308.
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA CATARINA DEPARTAMENTO DE INFORMÁTICA E ESTATÍSTICA

The knowledge about which activities people do at certain places is useful for several application domains. Existing works for activity recognition from trajectory data assume that only one activity is performed at each place, and do not identify all the objects that may be involved in each activity. We claim that several activities may be performed at certain big places, such as shopping centers and commercial buildings, and discovering them could be helpful for applications to identify the behavior and profile of its users more precisely. In addition, many activities are performed by groups of individuals, and it is useful to identify them for different application domains, such as crowd management, public security, and social networks. In this thesis, we propose a new method to recognize multiple activities performed at a place and identify all the individuals involved in group activities, using people trajectories and knowledge extracted from social media. The main contributions include: (i) the algorithm T-Activity to recognize multiple activities performed at a single POI, based on trajectory data and social media data; and (ii) the algorithm G-Activity to identify the members of a group activity. Experiments using different datasets to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms show that both T-Activity and G-Activity achieved good results in recognizing both individual and group activities.
LAND COVER AND LAND USE DYNAMICS ON MEDICINAL PLANT SPECIES IN THE SHAI OSUDOKU DISTRICT OF THE GREATER - ACCRA REGION OF GHANA

In recent times, the use of medicinal plants by individuals and organizations has been intensified because of their proven efficacy and the availability of many of these plants. The study intents to identify and delineate different land cover and land use dynamics of medicinal plant species in the Shai Osudoku District of the Greater -Accra Region of Ghana. Initially, land cover categories at multiple spatial scales and the changes over a period of 26 years (1985 -2011) were gathered using satellite remote sensing. Secondly, a household data was collected using a semi -structured questionnaire guide by employing a snowball technique on the 108 respondents from the three communities to examine the impact of land use change on medicinal plants that are perceived to be endangered. The image analysis indicated that area classified as exposed/degraded/built-up has reduced over the years from 63.7% in 1985, 38.4% in 2000 and 36.1% in 2011, whereas savanna vegetation had increased from 23.5%, 15.7% and 26.3% in 1985, 2000 and 2011 accordingly. The results of the multiple linear regression showed that the overall model was statistically significant (F=438.5, p -value=0.000). Thus, expansion in infrastructure, plantation agriculture, financial issues were identified as the major causes of land use changes; and hence, the disappearance of some medicinal plant species in the area. In order to preserve and conserve these valuable medicinal plant species, a community-based medicinal plant farms approach is recommended for the communities.
Case Study 1 : Concept Satisfiability for ALC with respect to Nearly Acyclic TBoxes

Description logics are knowledge representation languages that have been designed to strike a balance between expressivity and computational tractability. Many different description logics have been developed, and numerous computational problems for these logics have been studied for their computational complexity. However, essentially all complexity analyses of reasoning problems for description logics use the one-dimensional framework of classical complexity theory. The multi-dimensional framework of parameterized complexity theory is able to provide a much more detailed image of the complexity of reasoning problems. In this paper we argue that the framework of parameterized complexity has a lot to offer for the complexity analysis of description logic reasoning problems—when one takes a progressive and forward-looking view on parameterized complexity tools. We substantiate our argument by means of three case studies. The first case study is about the problem of concept satisfiability for the logic ALC with respect to nearly acyclic TBoxes. The second case study concerns concept satisfiability for ALC concepts parameterized by the number of occurrences of union operators and the number of occurrences of full existential quantification. The third case study offers a critical look at data complexity results from a parameterized complexity point of view. These three case studies are representative for the wide range of uses for parameterized complexity methods for description logic problems.
Interpretation of organic components from positive matrix factorization of aerosol mass spectrometric data

The organic aerosol (OA) dataset from an Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (Q-AMS) collected at the Pittsburgh Air Quality Study in September 2002 was analyzed for components with Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF). Three components – hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol OA (HOA), a highly-oxygenated OA (OOA-I) that 5 correlates well with sulfate, and a less-oxygenated, semi-volatile OA (OOA-II) that correlates well with nitrate and chloride – are identified and interpreted as primary combustion emissions, aged SOA, and semivolatile, less aged SOA, respectively. The complexity of interpreting the PMF solutions of unit mass resolution (UMR) AMS data is illustrated by a detailed analysis of the solutions as a function of number of com-10 ponents and rotational state. A public database of AMS spectra has been created to aid this type of analysis. A sensitivity analysis with realistic synthetic data is also used to characterize the behavior of PMF for choosing the best number of factors, rotations of non-unique solutions, and the retrievability of more (or less) correlated factors. The ambient and synthetic data indicate that the variation of the PMF quality of fit parameter 15 (Q, a normalized chi-squared metric) vs. number of factors in the solution is useful to identify the minimum number of factors, but more detailed analysis and interpretation is needed to choose the best number of factors. The maximum value of the rotational matrix is not useful for determining the best number of factors. In synthetic datasets, factors are " split " into two or more components when solving for more factors than 20 were used in the input. Elements of the " splitting " behavior are observed in solutions of real datasets with several factors. Significant structure remains in the residual of the real dataset after physically-meaningful factors have been assigned and an unrealistic number of factors would be required to explain the remaining variance. This residual structure appears to be due to variability in the spectra of the components (especially 25 OOA-II in this case), which is likely to be a key limit of the retrievability of components from AMS datasets using PMF and similar methods that need to assume constant component mass spectra. Methods for characterizing and dealing with this variability 6730 Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures ◭ ◮ ◭ ◮ Back Close Full Screen / Esc Printer-friendly Version Interactive Discussion are needed. Values of the rotational parameter (FPEAK) near zero appear to be most appropriate …
Pro-Con Debate: Should Code Sharing Be Mandatory for Publication?

In this Pro-Con commentary article, we discuss whether or not code sharing should be mandatory for scientific publications. Scientific programming is an increasingly prevalent tool in research. However, there are not unified guidelines for code availability requirements. Some journals require code sharing. Others require code descriptions. Yet others have no policies around code sharing. The Pro side presented here argues that code sharing should be mandatory for all scientific publications involving code. This Pro argument comes in 2 parts. First, any defensible reason for not sharing code is an equally valid a reason for the manuscript itself not being published. Second, lack of code sharing requirements creates 2 tiers of science: one where reproducibility is required and one where it is not. Additionally, the Pro authors suggest that a debate over code sharing is itself a decade out-of-date due to the emerging availability of containerization and virtual environment sharing software. The Pro argument concludes with an appeal that authors release code to make their work more understandable by other researchers. The Con side presented here argues that computer source codes of medical technology equipment should not be subject to mandatory public disclosure. The source code is a crucial part of what makes a particular device unique and allows that device to outperform its competition. The Con authors believe that public disclosure of this proprietary information would destroy all incentives for businesses to develop new and improved technologies. Competition in the free marketplace is what drives companies to constantly improve their products, to develop new and better medical devices. The open disclosure of these “trade secret” details would effectively end that competitive drive. Why invest time, money, and energy developing a “better mousetrap” if your competitors can copy it and produce it the next day?
Glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in Arkansas: Resistance mechanisms and management strategies

Since 2000, there have been thirteen weed species confirmed resistant (R) to glyphosate in the United States, six of those resistant species are present in Arkansas. The goal of this research was to confirm and to determine the level of resistance in two R Palmer amaranth biotypes from Mississippi (MC-R) and Lincoln (LC-R) Counties, Arkansas, and one susceptible (S) biotype from Clarendon County, South Carolina, which had never been exposed to glyphosate. Shikimic acid concentration over time was significantly greater in the S biotype than both the MC-R and LC-R biotypes. The lethal dose required to kill 50% (LD50) of the population was 2,255 and 3,223 g ae ha for the MC-R and LC-R biotypes, respectively, and it was hypothesized that the two Arkansas biotypes each had a different resistance mechanism. Results indicate metabolism of glyphosate to its major metabolite, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), was not responsible for resistance in any biotype. Reduced absorption in the LC-R and limited translocation from the treated leaf in the MC-R were at least partially responsible for the observed resistance to glyphosate. The LC-R biotype effectively colonized a field within two years of a single resistant female producing ~20,000 seed. Cotton lint yield was reduced over 100 kg ha by some densities of LC-R Palmer, depending on the soil and relative elevation in that region. Several resistant management options exist in cotton; however, results indicate that timely herbicide applications based off of Palmer amaranth size are required for effective seasonlong control and management of the soil seedbank. This dissertation is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council Dissertation Director: _____________________________________ Dr. Jason K. Norsworthy Dissertation Committee: _____________________________________ Dr. Nilda R. Burgos _____________________________________ Dr. Ken L. Smith _____________________________________ Dr. Terry W. Griffin _____________________________________ Dr. Edward E. Gbur _____________________________________
Wheat Growing and Changing Farming Systems in South African Dryland Margins: The Case of the Sneeuberg, South Africa

The contribution of stock keeping to land degradation in the Karoo has been extensively studied, but other causes have been rarely examined. The paper uses a combination of key informant interviews and a review of published and unpublished documentary sources to describe the history of wheat growing in the Sneeuberg area of the Karoo since European settlement, until the 1970s when annual crop cultivation collapsed. Early cultivation was primarily for subsistence purposes, although the development of infrastructure and growth in markets in the 19th century encouraged commercial crop production. Some farmers continued growing wheat partly to sustain the tradition into the mid‐20th century, although by that time, most growers relied on the wheat as a winter stockfeed. Several factors were found to have contributed to the collapse, with land degradation only rarely playing a part in contemporary decisions to stop wheat farming. Far more important were the comparative advantages of other stockfeeds such as lucerne, changes in state regulations governing crops and prices, and the perceptions of farmers regarding changes in rainfall patterns. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A STUDY ON HR PRACTICES ON ORGANISATIONAL CLIMATE OF A MULTISPECIALITY HOSPITAL IN KERALA

The apparent lack of quality of work life might have a negative effect on the productivity of health care workers. In the corporate business management lots of importance and increasing attention has been given to the idea of “climate strength” – the level of agreement about climate within a working group or organization. At present the literature is unclear about the extent to which climate strength is a positive attribute, and is concerned predominantly with small teams or organizational units and not as a structure of an organization as a whole. Organisational climate is the manifestation of attitudes of organisational members towards the organisation itself.
Interpolation de données manquantes dans des séquences multi-modales d'images géophysiques satellitaires

Cet article etudie l'estimation conjointe de donnees manquantes et de champs de deplacements dans des sequences multimodales d'observations satellitaires geophysiques. La complexite de la tâche est liee au taux eleve de donnees manquantes (entre 20% et 90%) pour des observations journalieres de haute resolution et la reconstruction de structures fines en accord avec la dynamique sous jacente. Nous avons developpe une methode basee sur l'assimilation variationnelle de donnees pour des series multimodales et multi-resolutions. A l'aide de donnees synthetiques et de donnees reelles de la surface oceanique, une evaluation numerique et qualitative demontre l'apport de deux composantes cles du modele propose: la fusion d'informations multimodales a partir d'une contrainte geometrique basee sur les structures frontales, et la methode d'assimilation variationnelle utilisant comme a priori dynamique un modele d'advection-diffusion. Les experimentations conduites montrent que de bonnes performances de reconstruction sont obtenues pour les observations hautes resolutions en depit du pourcentage eleve de donnees manquantes
Thermo-poro-mechanical analysis of landslides: from creeping behaviour to catastrophic failure

The scope of the paper encompasses planar and compound sliding motions, which may exhibit creeping behaviour during a certain period but may evolve to a very rapid motion. Thermo-mechanical interactions, at the scale of the sliding surface, are accepted as a critical aspect to explain these motion phases and their relationship. The sliding kinetics and global equilibrium are described at a large scale and the evolving shearing strength at the sliding surface derives from the local analysis of the shearing band and its vicinity. Pore pressures, temperatures and related variables are calculated by resolving a set of balance equations. The paper describes the transition from creeping motions to a rapid event. Results are found in terms of dimensionless numbers. Calculation of the slide evolution requires special numerical techniques described in the paper. Band permeability is found to be the dominant property controlling the triggering of fast motions. The creeping stage and the eventual slide blow-up are intimately linked. This relationship is explored in the paper. The models presented can be readily used to back-analyse relevant case histories or, in principle, even to carry out predictive modelling, provided an adequate calibration is available for the material parameters.
PROBLEMY EKOROZWOJU – PROBLEMS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

While debates on sustainable development have traditionally pitted the developing countries of the global South against the industrialized countries of the North, this essay addresses possible new elements in the so-called NorthSouth debate, mainly by examining it from the perspective of a former developing country that has recently succeeded in becoming a developed industrial economy. Having achieved rapid economic growth that has been described as miraculous, South Korea has come to enjoy the reputation of being a country that has also shown a firm commitment to sustainable development, and in 2012, was even chosen over Germany to host the headquarters of the UN Green Climate Fund. Yet within the country the Korean government has been subject to ongoing criticism as still placing a preponderant emphasis on economic growth, while largely ignoring the ecological and social aspects of sustainable development. While not disagreeing with the critics, this essay shifts the focus away from the local causes of the alleged inconsistences and lapses in the Korean government’s sustainable development policy, and uses the Korean case as a prism through which to view the global trends that since the early 1990s have emerged as major obstacles in making sustainable development possible in fact, not just in words. Building on Thomas Piketty’s near definitive study of the rise of income inequality and oligarchic ownership of much of the world’s wealth in the aftermath of the neoliberalist triumph of the 1980s, the essay identifies South Korea as the epitome of a country whose economy has come to be controlled to a large extent by the global financial elite, and suggests that beyond the rhetoric, its development policy has reflected the predominantly growth-oriented agenda of such elite. The implication throughout is that, should the current trends continue, the Korean case may well provide a good indication of what is further to come as today’s rapidly industrializing economies also begin to mature.
PROBLEMY EKOROZWOJU – PROBLEMS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Turning from linear to circular business model, from cradle-to-grave to cradle-to-cradle and from waste to wealth, the concept of circular economy (CE) has become an important tool to promote sustainable development as it combines economic, environmental and social benefits at a local as well as global scale. In the shift towards CE, examining the CE from the perspective of its potential is crucial for its wider and more effective implementation in the practice. The aim of the paper is to clarify a circularity phenomenon in closed-loop economy under the notion of potential in part of (1) the structural elements, (2) underlying categories and (3) basal properties as a follow-up to the previous studies about managing the circularity potential. The study provides the theoretical framework for understanding circularity potential by developing the circularity potential categorization in order to get a comprehensive picture of what has been done in the past and where efforts are most need today to achieve a progress towards circularity in the future. The basal properties of circularity potential such as integrity, dynamism, territorial affiliation and different strategies compatibility were revealed and discussed for managing the circularity potential. The findings of the paper have ambition to contribute to new metrics development to measure the progress towards zero-waste and CE aimed at identification and monitoring all the possible forms of the circularity potential – opportunities, reserves, available resources, rather than the available resources only that were primarily considered in the past attempts at the operationalisation of circular economy.