Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Glutaric aciduria type 1

0.3–0.6 m mol lysine/g tissue per day. Assuming there is no high-afﬁnity concentrative system for movement of glutarate from blood to brain, lysine is probably the major source of de novo glutaric acid production in the human brain. In the above model, variable quantities of glutaryl-CoA and its derivatives accumulate in cellular compartments, and there is a continual ﬂow of these compounds from brain to blood.
Assessing wetland restoration on the Delmarva Peninsula using vegetation characteristics

Title of Document: ASSESSING WETLAND RESTORATION ON THE DELMARVA PENINSULA USING VEGETATION CHARACTERISTICS Eliza Katherine McFarland, M.S., 2015 Directed By: Professor Andrew H. Baldwin, Environmental Science and Technology With wetland restoration, post-restoration monitoring is essential for determining developmental trajectories, particularly when comparing to natural reference systems. As part of the Mid-Atlantic Conservation Effects Assessment Project, 15 depressional wetlands on the Delmarva Peninsula of Maryland and Delaware were surveyed for aboveground vegetation and seed bank community composition, annual biomass production, and vegetation carbon content (10 restorations from prior-converted cropland (aged 5-31 years), and 5 natural forested depressions). Within each wetland, hydrologic zones (emergent, transition, upland) were also denoted and sampled. Restored wetlands showed more seed bank community similarity to natural wetlands than above-ground vegetation communities. Restorations also produced more annual herbaceous biomass than natural systems, and lower annual leaf litter biomass. After this period of post-restoration development, restored wetlands do not perform vegetation-related functions identical to their natural counterparts; however, these restorations are performing important vegetation-based functions that require yet more time to truly develop. ASSESSING WETLAND RESTORATION ON THE DELMARVA PENINSULA USING VEGETATION CHARACTERISTICS
Informing the development of tsunami vertical evacuation strategies in New Zealand : a thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Emergency Management at Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand

Tsunami education and evacuation planning promote evacuation to high ground in the event of tsunami. In some low-lying coastal areas, the distance to safety on high ground or inland of the hazard zone may exceed the travel distance possible in the time before wave arrival. This is a particular problem in local-source tsunami with arrival times of less than one hour. Vertical evacuation provides alternative refuge within the inundation zone. Buildings, towers or berms can provide refuge at elevations above the tsunami flow depth, but must be designed to be effective in the maximum credible tsunami. The potential benefits and costs of vertical evacuation buildings were demonstrated during the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami, when thousands of people took refuge in such structures. The aim of this thesis is to enhance the current theoretical and methodological basis for development of vertical evacuation strategies in New Zealand. To achieve this aim, numerical simulation of local-source tsunami is conducted at Napier, Hawke’s Bay, New Zealand, to establish the maximum credible inundation extent, flow depth and arrival times. Interview data describe the use of vertical evacuation in the 2011 Great East Japan tsunami, and surveys are used to investigate intended evacuation behaviour in a local-source tsunami. Finally, an existing geo-spatial evacuation analysis method, augmented with temporally-variable exposure and distributed travel speeds, is used to assess pedestrian evacuation potential in local-source tsunami. The method is demonstrated in an assessment of the need for vertical evacuation in Napier. The outputs of the four stages of research enhance the theoretical basis for planning evacuations in local-source tsunami, extends Geographic Information System-based evacuation modelling methods, and provides empirical advances in tsunami hazard and evacuation planning at Napier. The proposed methodology is applicable to other locations, thus contributes to tsunami risk reduction in New Zealand and internationally.
Nondetects and data analysis : statistics for censored environmental data

Preface. Acknowledgments. Introduction: An Accident Waiting To Happen. 1. In Focus. 2. The Three Approaches. 3. Reporting Limits. 4. Storing Data in Databases. 5. Plotting Data With Nondetects. 6. Computing Summary Statistics. 7. Computing Interval Estimates. 8. What Can Be Done When All Data Are Below the Reporting Limits? 9. Comparing Two Groups. 10. Comparing Three or More Groups. 11. Correlation. 12. Regression and Trends. Appendix: Datasets. References. Index.
Two to tango: Automatic social coordination and the role of felt effort

Social coordination involves the interpersonal matching of thoughts, feelings and behaviors, as well as the synchronization of rhythms and roles with other people. Coordination effects are evident in product preferences, product usage, buyer-seller interactions, and a host of other consumer experiences. Such forms of coordination often occur automatically, without conscious effort, making the sensory experience of complex social dynamics feel easier. Here, we review existing and emerging research on coordination effects and outline three routes by which automatic social coordination may proceed. We also consider the basic function of coordination mechanisms, why effective coordination is associated with feelings of effortlessness, and why these feelings may lead to both positive and negative consequences. We conclude that the ubiquity and utility of social coordination mark it as a fundamental property of social interaction.
Concept Analysis: Fatigue

Fatigue is a universally common word. The subject has been studied in different disciplines, but the basic concept of the term still remains unidentified. It becomes especially important for the medical communications between nurses and clients. Based on the framework outlined by Walker and Avant (1995), this analysis attempts to clarify and examine the symptoms of fatigue. The attributes of fatigue identified in this paper were exhaustion, weighted psychological burden, shortage in capacity or lack of energy, shortage incapacity(motivation and excitement), and imbalance of energy. Therefore, the definition of fatigue refers to a subjective feeling from various internal or external stresses. The consequences of fatigue bring reduced capacity and imbalance of energy. The symptoms show a homeostatic disability or shortage of capacity (physical, psychological, environmental and physiological factors). A precise understanding of "fatigue" will be utilized in defining the causes and measuring outcomes. Also, it will enhance the effective medical communications with client s and nurses. In conclusion, more work is needed to develop objective measurement and effect ivenursing intervention.
MPC-based energy management strategy for a substation PEDF System

According to the optimal scheduling and balanced utilization of power generation units, energy storage, and flexible loads in the PEDF(photovoltaic, energy storage, direct current and flexibility) system of a substation, and realizing stable operation with different time scales and operation modes, this paper proposes a hierarchical control framework, which includes energy management layer, power conversion layer, stability control layer, and an MPC-based energy management strategy based control. Among them, the energy management system uses the prediction of the absorbed power and current of the distributed generation units and loads, and based on the technology of model predictive control to generate the optimal reference power and decision variables for the system to decide the on/off of the system’s dispatchable generation unit and the operation mode of photovoltaic and battery. Finally, the proposed control architecture and strategy are validated by a substation PEDF system.
Research on the Development of Chromatic Aberration Selection Model for Optical Bifocal Glass Lens

This research aims to develop a model for selecting bifocal glass lens based on their formal design, configuration, and optical properties, particularly chromatic aberration. The model optimization integrates Taguchi-Fuzzy theoretical analysis. By utilizing the Fuzzy theory system along with Taguchi L9 orthogonal table, the model achieves high-precision experimental results with a minimal number of designs, leading to the identification of the optimal design combination. The first section of the study explains the motivation behind the research and conducts a literature review to analyze the optical quality parameters of bifocal glass lens. The second section focuses on the analysis of lens optical lateral and longitudinal chromatic aberrations, optimizing the chromatic aberration model through the application of the Taguchi-Fuzzy experimental method. The feasibility of the model is then validated through variance analysis. Finally, the third section provides a summary of the bifocal glass lens selection model, highlighting its contributions to design, practicality, analysis, innovation, and overall advancements in the field.
Vascular endothelial growth factor C promotes survival of retinal vascular endothelial cells via vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2

Aim: To determine vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) expression in retinal endothelial cells, its antiapoptotic potential and its putative role in diabetic retinopathy. Method: Cultured retinal endothelial cells and pericytes were exposed to tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α and VEGF-C expression determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Secreted VEGF-C protein levels in conditioned media from endothelial cells were examined by western blotting analysis. The ability of VEGF-C to prevent apoptosis induced by TNFα or hyperglycaemia in endothelial cells was assessed by flow cytometry. The expression of VEGF-C in diabetic retinopathy was studied by immunohistochemistry of retinal tissue. Result: VEGF-C was expressed by both vascular endothelial cells and pericytes. TNFα up regulated both VEGF-C and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR)-2 expression in endothelial cells in a dose-dependent manner, but had no effect on VEGFR-3. Flow cytometry results showed that VEGF-C prevented endothelial cell apoptosis induced by TNFα and hyperglycaemia and that the antiapoptotic effect was mainly via VEGFR-2. In pericytes, the expression of VEGF-C mRNA remained stable on exogenous TNFα treatment. VEGF-C immunostaining was increased in retinal vessels in specimens with diabetes compared with retinal specimens from controls without diabetes. Conclusion: In retinal endothelial cells, TNFα stimulates the expression of VEGF-C, which in turn protects endothelial cells from apoptosis induced by TNFα or hyperglycaemia via VEGFR-2 and thus helps sustain retinal neovascularisation.
Mechanisms of Brain Injury with On-Pump Cardiac Surgery

1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China 2Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China 3The Biobank of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China 4Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3UD, UK 5Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
A phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluating the efficacy and safety of MDX-1100, a fully human anti-CXCL10 monoclonal antibody, in combination with methotrexate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE CXCL10 (also known as interferon-γ-inducible 10-kd protein [IP-10]) is a chemokine that potentially plays a role in the immunopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We undertook this phase II study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of MDX-1100, a fully human, anti-CXCL10 (anti-IP-10) monoclonal antibody, in RA patients whose disease responded inadequately to methotrexate (MTX). METHODS Patients with active RA receiving stable doses of MTX (10-25 mg weekly) were randomized to receive intravenous doses of 10 mg/kg MDX-1100 (n = 35) or placebo (n = 35) every other week. The primary end point was the proportion of patients meeting the American College of Rheumatology 20% improvement criteria (achieving an ACR20 response) on day 85, and patients were followed up for safety to day 141. RESULTS The ACR20 response rate was significantly higher among MDX-1100-treated patients than among placebo-treated patients (54% versus 17%; P = 0.0024). Statistically significant differences in the ACR20 response rate between treatments were observed starting on day 43 (P < 0.05). The ACR50 and ACR70 response rates on day 85 did not differ between the groups. Overall, 51.4% of MDX-1100-treated patients and 30.3% of placebo-treated patients experienced at least 1 adverse event (AE). No study drug-related serious AEs were reported. CONCLUSION MDX-1100 was well tolerated and demonstrated clinical efficacy in RA patients whose disease responded inadequately to MTX. This is the first study to demonstrate clinical efficacy of a chemokine inhibitor in RA and supports the notion of a potential role of IP-10 in the immunopathogenesis of RA.
Las pymes manufactureras de la CAPV ante el reto de la internacionalización

This paper is an attempt to provide empirical evidence on how distinct processes of internationalization influence the performance of small and medium size enterprises (i.e., SMEs). A sample of manufacturing SMEs of the Basque Country, one of the most advanced industrial regions of Spain, is examined. Findings of our study show that early entry, via exports, in a larger number of foreign markets when the company is still adolescent (i.e., up to 15 years from inception) is associated positively with firm performance. Certain firm internal resources in both tangible and intangible forms, such as an extensive endowment of physical assets and prior internationalization experience, play a key role in the efficient exploitation of opportunities arisen from foreign market imperfections. The design of «multi-product» and «multi-market» diversification strategies might be a conflicting task for SMEs due to resource constraints of small businesses and the increased complexity involved in the simultaneous implementation of both types of strategies. Our results show that there is a zero-sum like effect of the side by side application of both strategies on business performance.
Effects of High Terrestrial Altitude on Work Performance in an NBC Protective Uniform.

Abstract : This study found that the decrements in physical work performance caused by wearing an NBC protective uniform (U.S. Army Mission Oriented Protective Posture IV) are greater at intermediate (2,743 m) and high (4,300 m) terrestrial altitudes than at sea level. Concurrently, the study demonstrated that staging at moderate (1,830 m) altitude improved work performance in an NBC protective uniform at intermediate and high terrestrial altitudes. In addition to decrements in physical work performance, rapid ascent to intermediate altitude degraded marksmanship performance. However, following staged ascent, marksmanship performance was improved at intermediate altitude. The results of this study validate previous recommendations regarding the employment of a staged or slow ascent to minimize decrements in work performance and extend those recommendations to operations in NBC protective uniforms at intermediate and high mountain altitudes.
The relation of ongoing brain activity , evoked neural responses , and cognition

brain and functional MRI. The latter has been informative due to its superb localizing power and its exquisite capability to record the dynamics of neuronal population activity across the entire brain and to hence capture large-scale functional connectivity patterns. Yet, for instance when addressing temporal properties as below, limitations of hemodynamic signals will lead us to also discuss electrophysiological findings as well as observations relying on invasive procedures that cannot usually be applied in human subjects.
Differential odor processing in two olfactory pathways in the honeybee

The topographical organization is particularly well described in the honeybee, in which four sensory tracts of ORNs subdivide see Figure 1B). PNs that run through the lateral antenno-cerebral tract (lPN) innervate frontally located T1 glomeruli, while PNs in the medial antenno-cerebral tract (mPN) innervate proximally located T2-4 glomeruli in the AL. The central projection areas of the two PN tracts are segregated in the mushroom body (MB) calyx and the lateral horn (LH) with partial overlap (Abel et al., 2001; Kirschner et al., 2006). Unlike other sensory systems, a topographic functional organization , i.e. 'Chemotopy' , is not found in the primary olfactory centers, implying their zonal organizations do not relate to chemical properties of odorants. In addition, non-sexual social phe-romones in honeybees are processed together with general odors in the primary olfactory center (Sandoz, 2006; Sandoz et al., 2007), in sharp contrast to sex pheromone that are processed in specialized regions (Christensen and Hildebrand, 2002; Lei et al., 2004). No functional separation or distinction between such social pherom-one and general odor processing has been observed in the bees' two parallel PN pathways (Sun et al., 1993; Abel et al., 2001; Müller et al., 2002). In mice, however, it was reported that glomerular subsets of the MOB that correspond to the dorsal zone of the olfactory
Synthesis and Characterization of Aligned Carbon Nanotube Arrays

Highly ordered, isolated, long carbon nanotubes can be grown over large areas using the improved chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method reported here. The secret to the controlled growth lies in the substrate used-mesoporous silica embedded with iron nanoparticles. After synthesis, the substrate can be removed, retaining aligned tubes with neat roots. The production of pure, homogeneous, and uniform samples of highly graphitized nanotubes is important not only for potential applications but also for detailed characterization of the nanotubes' properties.
Estuarine respiration: an overview of benthic, pelagic, and whole system respiration

This chapter reviews rates of benthic, pelagic, and whole system respiration in estuaries. We define estuaries as semi-enclosed coastal bodies of water with some degree of mixing between fresh and salt water. Rates of respiration in these locations are high, reflecting high rates of organic loading from both autochthonous and allochthonous sources. Areal rates of pelagic respiration (58–114 mmol C m−2 d−1) are 2–4 times higher than benthic respiration rates (34 mmol C m−2 d−1), consistent with estimates that only about 24% of total organic inputs to estuaries are respired by the benthos. Estimates of whole system respiration derived from open-water techniques (294 mmol C m−2 d−1) are substantially higher than those obtained by summing component rates (92–148 mmol C m−2d−1), most likely due to the different spatial scales sampled by the two different approaches. The fundamental limit on benthic, pelagic, and whole system respiration appears to be the supply of organic matter, and in many locations allochthonous inputs fuel a major portion of estuarine respiration. Nonetheless, information on the factors that affect benthic respiration is far greater than it is for pelagic respiration, and knowledge of whole system respiration is particularly lacking. This prevents a full understanding of the fate of the vast amount of organic carbon that is imported and produced in estuarine ecosystems.
Isolation and Characterization of Listeria monocytogenes Phage vB_LmoH_P61, a Phage With Biocontrol Potential on Different Food Matrices

The high mortality rate associated with Listeria monocytogenes as well as its ability to adapt to the harsh conditions employed in food processing have ensured that this pathogen has become a significant concern in the ready-to-eat food industry. Lytic bacteriophages are viruses that hijack the metabolic mechanisms of their bacterial host as a means to grow and replicate, subsequently leading to host cell death due to lysis. This study reports the biological and genomic characterization of L. monocytogenes phage vB_LmoH_P61 (P61) and its potential application for the reduction of L. monocytogenes in artificially contaminated foods. Phage P61 is a virulent bacteriophage belonging to the family Herelleviridae and has a genome size of 136,485bp. The lytic spectrum of phage P61 was investigated and it was shown to infect serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, 1/2c, 4b, 4e, and 6a. Treatment of artificially contaminated milk stored at 8 and 12°C with phage P61 resulted in a significant reduction in L. monocytogenes numbers over the product shelf life. Similarly, phage P61 reduced L. monocytogenes numbers on artificially contaminated baby spinach stored at 8, 12, and 25°C. The research findings indicate that biocontrol of L. monocytogenes with phage P61 may offer a safe and environmentally friendly approach for the reduction of L. monocytogenes numbers in certain ready-to-eat foods.
epidemiology and disease burden of tuberculosis in children : a global perspective

License. The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. Permissions beyond the scope of the License are administered by Dove Medical Press Limited. Information on how to request permission may be found at: http://www.dovepress. com/permissions.php Infection and Drug Resistance 2014:7 153–165 Infection and Drug Resistance Dovepress
Features, Benefits, Futuristic Projections of Cloud and Inter-Cloud Extensions to the Internet

“Cloud” has become an everyday term in majority of the large scale IT enterprises. Clouds now are the new building blocks of major businesses spread around the world. They help in transporting platforms and services across the globe to support various infrastructures. The actual term "cloud" borrows from telephony in that telecommunications companies, who until the 1990s primarily offered dedicated point-to-point data circuits, began offering Virtual Private Network (VPN) services with comparable quality of service but at a much lower cost. The initial concept of clouds was spawned way back during the mid 1960s. Amazon played a key role in the development of cloud computing by modernizing their data centers after the dot-com bubble, which, like most computer networks, were using as little as 10% of their capacity at any one time just to leave room for occasional spikes. Struggles during the recession era and the developments in the post-recession era across the globe made the Cloud a revolutionary term. In this paper, we provide an overview of clouds and their features. Services provided by the clouds are discussed with primary focus on Interclouds. Also the present view of the futuristic stance of Cloud computing is analyzed and the results are provided for further study.