Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Large-established Joint Venture Firm Remains Resilient in a Disruptive Era: A Process Tracing Case Study

The crises have spread out globally and have impacted industries, either large firms or small firms. These impacts make the firms economically in intense trouble or file bankruptcies and lay off their employees, as their incomes are falling significantly globally. Therefore, this study investigates how businesses can improve their resilience and be prepared to cope with crises and threats in this disruptive era. What were the strategies the firm has implemented? The authors have conducted this research in PT Alpha by using the process Tracing case study method in semi-structured interviews with eight critical respondents in ten in-depth interviews, split into a pilot study and the triangulation period based on those initial inputs. The authors have used process tracing analysis to test the evidence. The results showed that the major businesses need to concentrate on the three phases as a process, i.e., preparation and anticipation, coping and improvisation, and recovery and transformation, to be resilient (it is an enhancement of the concept of Duchek, 2020). To have a more comprehensive view, the authors have extended the research from the economic crises in 1998 and 2008 till 2019; thus, the process-tracing case study is a suitable method. This method has been used a lot for historical settings. This paper recommends further research to expand the studies to other large established companies in similar segments or other segments.
Mechanical properties of the longitudinal and circular muscle in the earthworm

1. The mechanical properties of the longitudinal and circular muscles of the earthworm, Pheretima communissima , were studied in various solutions. 2. In the longitudinal muscle, field stimulation elicited two distinct waves of tension development, i.e. phasic and tonic contractions. But in the circular muscle, these components were not distinguishable. 3. The phasic contraction in the longitudinal muscle increased in sodium-free (tris) solution while the tonic contraction was abolished. Neither the phasic nor the tonic contraction, however, was influenced by tetrodotoxin (3 x 10-6 M), d -tubocurarine (1.4 x 10-5M), or atropine (3.5 x 10-5 M). 4. The contraction in the circular muscle was suppressed in sodium-free solution and also by tetrodotoxin (3 x 10-6 M), but was not affected by d -tubocurarine (1.4 x 10-5 M) or by atropine (3.5 x 10-5M). 5. It is speculated that the phasic contraction of the longitudinal muscle is triggered by a calcium spike, and the contraction in the circular muscle is preceded by a sodium spike in muscle fibres.
Thermophysical evolution of planetesimals in the primordial disc

The primordial disc of small icy planetesimals, once located at 15–$30\, \mathrm{au}$ from the Sun, was disrupted by giant planet migration in the early Solar system. The primordial disc thereby became the source region of objects in the present-day Kuiper belt, scattered disc, and Oort Cloud. I present the thermophysical code ‘Numerical Icy Minor Body evolUtion Simulator’, or nimbus, and use it to study the thermophysical evolution of planetesimals in the primordial disc prior to its disruption. Such modelling is mandatory in order to understand the behaviour of dynamically new comets from the Oort Cloud, as well as the activity of Centaurs and short-period comets from the scattered disc, that return pre-processed to the vicinity of the Sun. I find that bodies in the midst of the primordial disc with diameters ranging 4–$200\, \mathrm{km}$ lost all their CO ice on time-scales of order 0.1–$10\, \mathrm{Myr}$ depending on size, through a combination of protosolar and long-lived radionuclide heating. CO and other hypervolatiles therefore require a less volatile host for their storage. I consider two possible hosts: amorphous water ice and CO2 ice. Because of the high luminosity of the protosun, some primordial disc bodies may have sustained significant crystallization, CO:CO2 segregation, and CO2 sublimation in the uppermost few tens of metres. I discuss how this may affect coma abundance ratios and distant activity in dynamically new comets.
Automated Extraction of Labels from Large-Scale Historical Maps

Historical maps are frequently neither readable, searchable nor analyzable by machines due to lacking databases or ancillary information about their content. Identifying and annotating map labels is seen as a first step towards an automated legibility of those. This article investigates a universal and transferable methodology for the work with large-scale historical maps and their comparability to others while reducing manual intervention to a minimum. We present an endto-end approach which increases the number of true positive identified labels by combining available text detection, recognition, and similarity measuring tools with own enhancements. The comparison of recognized historical with current street names produces a satisfactory accordance which can be used to assign their point-like representatives within a final rough georeferencing. The demonstrated workflow facilitates a spatial orientation within large-scale historical maps by enabling the establishment of relating databases. Assigning the identified labels to the geometries of related map features may contribute to machine-readable and analyzable historical maps.
Three-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: a complementary tool to multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in the identification of aggressive prostate cancer at 3.0T.

Background The limitations of the assessment of tumor aggressiveness by Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) and biopsies suggest that the diagnostic algorithm could be improved by quantitative measurements in some chosen indications. We assessed the tumor high-risk predictive performance of 3.0 Tesla (3.0T) multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) combined with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic sequences (NMR-S) in order to show that the metabolic analysis could bring out an evocative result for the aggressive form of prostate cancer. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of 26 patients (mean age, 62.4 years) who had surgery for prostate cancer between 2009 and 2016 after pre-therapeutic assessment with 3.0T mp-MRI and NMR-S. Groups within the intermediate range of the D'Amico risk classification were divided into two categories, low risk (n=20) and high risk (n=6), according to the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) 2-3 limit. Histoprognostic discordances within various risk groups were compared with the corresponding predictive MRI values. The performance of predictive models was assessed based on sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results After prostatectomy, histological analysis reclassified 18 patients as high-risk, including 16 who were T3 MRI grade, of whom 13 (81.3%) were found to be pT3. Among the patients who had cT1 or cT2 digital rectal examinations, the T3 MRI factor multiplied by 8.7 [odds ratio (OR), 8.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.3-56.2; P=0.024] the relative risk of being pT3 and by 5.8 (OR, 5.8; 95% CI, 0.95-35.7; P=0.05) the relative risk of being pGleason (pGS) > GS-prostate biopsy. Spectroscopic data showed that the choline concentration was significantly higher (P=0.001) in aggressive disease. Conclusions The predictive model of tumor aggressiveness combining mp-MRI plus NMR-S was better than the mp-MRI model alone (AUC, 0.95 vs. 0.86). Information obtained by mp-MRI coupled with spectroscopy may improve the detection of occult aggressive disease, helping in the discrimination of intermediate risks.
Predicting the surface area to volume ratio of pores in iron rich sediments from nuclear magnetic resonance data

In this thesis, I investigated two methods of recovering the surface area to volume ratio (S/V), or pore size distribution, of water filled porous geological materials using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) data. The N M R relaxation times T] and T2 depend on the quantity of magnetic sites on the solid pore surface, which is characterized by a parameter called the surface relaxivity, denoted as pi and p2 respectively. This parameter must be estimated in order to determine the S/V. Magnetic susceptibility was explored as a method of estimating pi, as it also depends on the amount of magnetic material in a sample. Magnetite and hematite were combined with quartz for measurement. Mixtures of 0.5, 1 and 2 percent magnetite by weight and 2.1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 30 and 60 percent hematite by weight were created. The magnetic susceptibility and pi of both the magnetite and hematite mixtures showed good correlation and the results indicate magnetic susceptibility could be used to predict pi for unconsolidated sediments. A second method for determining the S/V using T2 data was studied. T2 is affected by diffusion of the protons through internal magnetic field inhomogeneities, a process that does not influence T i . These inhomogeneities can be modeled as an effective gradient, G, which must be estimated. A parameter estimation inversion code was developed to solve for P2, S/V and G. Evaluation of the algorithm was completed on a synthetic data, which was created with 7% incorporated noise. G and the product of pi and S/V were reliably recovered but distinguishing between pi and S/V was not possible for this data set.
Evaluation of the dynamic core of the PALM model system 6.0 in a neutrally stratified urban environment: comparison between LES and wind-tunnel experiments

Abstract. We demonstrate the capability of the PALM model system version 6.0 to simulate neutrally stratified urban boundary layers. Our simulation uses the real-world building configuration of the HafenCity area in Hamburg, Germany. Using PALM's virtual measurement module, we compare simulation results to wind-tunnel measurements of a downscaled replica of the study area. Wind-tunnel measurements of mean wind speed agree within 5 % on average while the wind direction deviates by approximately 4∘. Turbulence statistics similarly agree. However, larger differences between measurements and simulation arise in the vicinity of surfaces where building geometry is insufficiently resolved. We discuss how to minimize these differences by improving the grid layout and give tips for setup preparation. Also, we discuss how existing and upcoming features of PALM like the grid nesting and immersed boundary condition help improve the simulation results.
The development of unlabeled probes-high resolution melting (UP-HRM) marker on SAD, IAA27 and ACC genes of oil palm

Abstract. Saputra TI, Roberdi, Nugroho YA, Artutiningsih W, Purba OS, Maryanto SD, Yono D, Utomo C, Liwang T. 2021. The development of unlabeled probes-high resolution melting (UP-HRM) marker on SAD, IAA27 and ACC genes of oil palm. Biodiversitas 22: 3356-3362. The unlabeled probes-high resolution melting (UP-HRM) marker is a useful tool for detecting of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The objectives of this study were to develop UP-HRM markers to differentiate specific SNPs patterns on oil palm. The marker was developed and tested with Elaeis guineensis (Eg), Elaeis oleifera (Eo), Eo x Eg (hybrid), and was validated with 53 individuals of BC1F1 populations ((Eo x Eg) x Eg). Four UP-HRM markers were developed based on 2 SNPs in the stearoyl-acyl-carrier-protein 9-desaturase (EgSAD), 1 SNP in the auxin-responsive protein IAA27-like (EgIAA27), and 1 SNP in the 1-amino cyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (EgACC) genes. The SNP discovery result showed that Eg was represented a reference homozygote genotype, while Eo was represented as an alternative homozygote genotype and the Eo x Eg hybrid was represented as a heterozygote genotype in all genes. The typical UP-HRM melt curve graph was successfully generated. This result was consistent with each genotype model for all four markers. The UP-HRM markers can distinguish each genotype according to the single-pass sequencing results. Furthermore, dendrogram analysis on validation divided 53 BC1F1 samples into three cluster groups.
Precursor Stack Ordering Effects in Cu2ZnSnSe4 Thin Films Prepared by Rapid Thermal Processing

Solar cells based on Cu2ZnSnSe4 thin film absorber layers have shown promise as an alternative to more mature thin film technologies because they are composed of more earth abundant elements. To increase device efficiencies there is still much to be investigated about its properties, and film and device processing. Rapid thermal processing is a more industrially viable method of forming thin film absorber layers than time intensive conventional thermal processing. However, optimized conditions for conventional processing are not readily transferable to rapid thermal processing. Thermal processing of this material is complicated through loss of volatile components such as Zn and Sn–Se, in addition to decomposition at elevated temperatures. In this study the effect of stack order has been investigated for Cu–Zn(O)–Sn precursor stacks selenized by rapid thermal processing to form Cu2ZnSnSe4 thin films. Precursor stack ordering is shown to have significant effects on the film properties, including precursor a.
Dimensions of Football Stadium and Museum Tour Experiences: The Case of Europe’s Most Valuable Brands

In the context of football’s globalisation, some of the most important football clubs (FCs) can currently be classified as ‘entertainment multinationals’. Sport hospitality provides opportunities to maximise club stadiums’ use so that they can increase clubs’ annual turnover and function as branding platforms. This study sought to identify the main narratives shared online about—and the dimensions of—visitors’ experiences with top football brands in stadium tours. The data collected for this research comprised 400 text reviews for 10 European FCs’ stadiums (i.e., 4000 reviews) written by visitors in the post-experience phase. Content analysis of these Web reviews was conducted using Leximancer software. The results confirm the existence of 15 themes: fan, tour, stadium, team, museum, room, staff, game, (best) place, ticket, seating, recommend(ation), food, shop and attraction. Most researchers have examined stadium tours from a supply-side perspective. The present study’s aim was, therefore, to contribute to the existing literature by analysing stadium tours’ dimensions from the visitors’ point of view. Stadium tours and museum visits are important sources of revenue that contribute to FCs’ economic sustainability. Offering outstanding customer experiences is thus of utmost importance to maximise club stadiums’ usage and strengthen fans’ engagement.
Ionic Impurities in Poly(vinyl alcohol) Gate Dielectrics and Hysteresis Effects in Organic Field Effect Transistors

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is a water based dielectric often used as a coating layer in paper industry. Due to its water solubility PVA is also interesting as gate insulator in organic field effect transistors. Depending on the preparation of the PVA gate, transistors with and without hysteresis can be produced, with applications in organic electronic circuits or memory elements. In the production of PVA, a major side product is sodium acetate, an ionic salt not completely removed during industrial purification. Such ionic impurities likely influence the hysteresis in PVA based organic field effect transistors. While a hysteresis is desirable in memory elements, it is unwanted in transistors for electronic circuits. Ways to prepare transistors with a desired transfer characteristic are described, for example by using electronic grade products directly from the producer of PVA, or by emplyoing PVA purified by means of dialysis. Measurements are performed with metal-insulator-metal (MIM) structures and organic field effect transistors (OFETs), where Buckminsterfullerene C60 is employed as organic
Similar Characteristics of Heat Transfer in Different Scale Cooling Channel with Ribs

Abstract The gas turbines are highly demanded in modern industries, and the improvement of the performance derives from the increase of the turbine inlet temperature. Various cooling structures are used, such as ribs, pin fins, to improve heat transfer performance and extend the lifespan of the blade. Due to the limitations of the measurement technique, magnified geometry models have been tested with similarity theory in the past. In this paper, a thermochromic liquid crystal experiment was conducted to investigate the heat transfer performance of a magnified rectangular channel with ribs, supplemented with numerical simulation. The results indicated that the vortex and secondary flow generated by the ribs enhance the local heat transfer. Moreover, the thermal performance of the rib-roughed rectangular cooling channel was calculated under different scale factor conditions. The quantitative correlation equations of Nusselt number and friction coefficient versus the scale factor were established. Nusselt number showed an exponential growth with the increase of scale factor, while the friction coefficient displayed an exponential decay. Compared with the baseline, the enhanced heat transfer coefficient is improved by 18.7% and the normalized friction coefficient is dropped by 8.2% with geometry scaled up 10 times.
(Mis)estimating Affective Polarization

Affective polarization—the tendency of ordinary partisans to dislike and distrust those from the other party—is a defining feature of contemporary American politics. High levels of out-party animus stem, in part, from misperceptions of the other party’s voters. Specifically, individuals misestimate the ideological extremity and political engagement of typical out-partisans. When partisans are asked about “Democrats” or the “Republican Party,” they bring to mind stereotypes of engaged ideologues and, hence, express contempt for the other party. The reality, however, is that such individuals are the exception rather than the norm. We show that when partisans learn that reality, partisan animus falls sharply; partisans do not have much animus toward the typical member of the other party. Our results suggest antidotes for vitiating affective polarization but also complicate understandings of good citizenship.
Nonequilibrium radiation measurements and modelling relevant to Titan entry

An update to a collisional-radiative model developed by Magin1 for Huygens Titan atmospheric entry is proposed. The model is designed to predict the nonequilibrium populations and the radiation emitted from cyanogen and nitrogen during the entry of the Huygens probe into the Titan atmosphere. Radiation during Titan entry is important at lower speeds (around 5 – 6 km/s) more so than other planetary entries due to the formation of cyanogen in the shock layer, which is a highly radiative species. The model has been tested against measurements obtained with the EAST shock tube of NASA Ames Research Centre.1,2 The motivation for the update is due to the large discrepancies shown in the postshock fall-off rates of the radiation when compared to the experimental EAST shock tube test results. Modifications were made to the reaction rates used to calculate the species concentrations in the flow field. The reaction that was deemed most influential for the radiation fall off rate was the dissociation of molecular nitrogen. The model with modified reaction rates showed significantly better agreement with the EAST data. This paper also includes experimental results for radiation and spectra for Titan entry. Experiments were performed on the University of Queensland's X2 expansion tube. Spectra were recorded at various positions behind the shock. This enabled the construction of radiation profiles for Titan entry, as well as wavelength plots to identify various radiating species, in this case, predominately CN violet. This paper includes radiation profiles to compare with experiments performed at NASA Ames. It is planned that further experiments will be performed to cover a larger pressure range than NASA Ames. Good qualitative agreement has so far been obtained between our data and NASA Ames, however, it should be noted at the time of printing, the experimental spectrum have not been calibrated absolutely.
A Comparative Empirical Analysis of 21 Machine Learning Algorithms for Real-World Applications in Diverse Domains

The application of computational methods like Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in several fields has recently received increased attention from academicians and field professionals. However, the availability of several of these computational techniques requires expertise to make the right choice. In making things easy for non-experts and inexperienced practitioners to make a suitable choice, some studies sought to compare the performance of different ML algorithms (MLAs) in solving problems in unique fields. However, most of the previous studies were domain centered on a handful of MLAs, which does not give a fairground for all-inclusive comparative analysis. Also, many of these studies compared MLAs for classification tasks to the best of our knowledge without considering the same MLAs performance for regression problems. This paper examines the performance of twenty-one (21) MLAs for classification and regression tasks based on six datasets from different domains. Empirically we compare their prediction results based on accuracy, balanced accuracy, F-score, Area Under the Curve (AUC), root mean square error, r-squared and adjusted r-squared. The random forest algorithm gave a consistent performance across all the six datasets in classification and regression tasks. However, on average, the XGBoost outperformed all MLAs applied in this study. The dummy algorithm and the linear regression were more moderate than the rest of the applied MLAs in computational complexity. Nevertheless, the overall study outcome shows that MLAs algorithms efficiently solve everyday challenges in elections outcome, financial fraud, network intrusion detection, meteorological forecast and heart diseases discovery; but their performance varies across domains and dataset dimensions.
PERBEDAAN KADAR MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE-2 SERUM PADA KETUBAN PECAH DINI DAN KEHAMILAN NORMAL

Ketuban pecah dini adalah masalah penting dalam obstetri dengan insiden 8 % pada kehamilan. Kejadian KPD disebabkan oleh muktifaktorial, diantaranya adalah faktor infeksi dan nutrisi ibu hamil yang mempengaruhi pembentukan selaput ketuban. Beberapa peneliti menemukan bahwa peningkatan matrix metalloproteinase -2 akan mendegradasi matrix extraseluler, menjadi lemah sehingga memicu terjadinya KPD. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan MMP-2 serum dengan ketuban pecah dini dan kehamilan normal. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan desain cross sectional comparative study . Penelitian dilakukan pada empat rumah sakit di Padang pada bulan September – Oktober 2018. Pengambilan sampel dengan consecutive sampling. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil dengan diagnosa ketuban pecah dini (n=29) dan seluruh wanita dengan kehamilan normal(n=29). Pemeriksaan MMP-2 dilakukan dengan metode ELISA. Uji statistik menggunakan uji t tidak berpasangan dan korelasi Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata kadar MMP-2 pada KPD yaitu 35,17 ± 2,23 ng/ml, dan pada kehamilan normal 33,27 ± 0,82 ng/ml (p<0,05). Terdapat perbedaan kadar MMP-2 pada ketuban pecah dini dan kehamilan normal. Kesimpulan penelitian terdapat perbedaan rerata kadar MMP-2 pada ketuban pecah dini dan kehamilan normal.