Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship among Sex, Skin Color, and Production Parameters of Broiler in Pectoral Myopathies

Simple Summary Genetic selection in poultry production aims to obtain more efficient and fast-growing broilers. Breast is an economically interesting poultry cut; thus, its increased development, known as hypertrophy, is a selection criterion that has been adopted by breeders. However, genetic drift is increasing breast myopathies, alterations in the normal arrangement of the muscle fibers that compose the muscle, among broilers. The altered breast meat is fit for human consumption, and it does not represent a public health issue; nevertheless, it causes important commercial losses. Among all of the possible factors that may contribute to breast myopathies, the relationship between sex, skin color, live weight, conversion rate, and feed particle size and two types of alterations (wooden breast and spaghetti meat) was evaluated. It was found that such factors significantly affected the appearance of these myopathies in most cases, influencing muscle alterations in different and even opposite ways. Although the incidence of myopathies in the breast was low in the broilers studied, it is necessary to adapt the production conditions to offer a product of the highest quality. Abstract Breast anomalies in broilers, especially wooden breast (WB) and spaghetti meat (SM), cause high economic losses to the poultry meat sector. In order to identify the parameters that have a causal effect and to reduce the incidence of these myopathies, 141,792 broilers were analyzed in a total of 1477 batches using a visual grading system. The relationship among productive parameters such as the feed conversion ratio, live weight, growth rate, and mortality, was evaluated. Effects due to skin color (white vs. yellow), broiler sex (male, female, and mixed groups), feed presentation (grain vs. mash), and veterinary treatments (treated vs. untreated) were also included in the statistical study. Live weight was observed to have a significant effect (p < 0.001) on WB incidence, which increased by 1.11 for each 100 g of weight. Weight did not significantly affect the incidence of SM. Males had a higher incidence of WB and a lower incidence of SM than females. The incidence of both myopathies varied between samples that turned out to be significantly affected by some of the variables considered in the model, such as grain feeding and the feed conversion ratio. Controlling these factors in the broiler production could help to reduce the incidence of WB and SM.
A triple-band dipole antenna for UMTS/LTE and UWB applications

ABSTRACT In this paper, an ultra-wideband (UWB) dipole antenna with integrated Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service and long-term evolution 2.5 GHz band has been presented. The design process involves loading L-shaped and meandered line slots on UWB dipole antenna for achieving triple-band characteristics. The proposed antenna offers a small electrical size of 0. 18λo * 0. 23λo * 0. 01λo with impedance bandwidths (|S11| < −10dB) of 11%, 6.5% and 127.7% centred at 2 GHz, 2.6 GHz and 10.8 GHz, respectively. The designed antenna shows good radiation characteristics with appreciable gain and omnidirectional radiation patterns over the operating bandwidth with satisfactory time domain performance. A prototype has been fabricated and tested in order to validate the simulation results.
Bibliometric Analysis and Visualization Mapping of Anthrax Vaccine Publications from 1991 through 2021

Purpose: This study aims to analyze and characterize anthrax vaccine-related research, key developments, global research trends, and mapping of published scientific research articles during the last three decades (1991–2021). Methods: A bibliometric and visualized study was conducted. The Web of Science Core Collection database (WoSCC) was searched using relevant keywords (“Anthrax” OR “Anthrax bacterium” OR “Bacillus anthracis” OR “Bacteridium anthracis” OR “Bacillus cereus var. Anthracis” (Topic)) AND (“Vaccine” OR “Vaccines” OR “Immunization” OR “Immunisation” OR “Immunizations” OR “Immunisations” (Topic)) with specific restrictions. The data was analyzed and plotted by using different bibliometric software and tools (HistCiteTM software, version 12.3.17, Bibliometrix: An R-tool version 3.2.1, and VOSviewer software, version 1.6.17). Results: The initial search yielded 1750 documents. After screening the titles and abstracts of the published studies, a total of 1090 articles published from 1991 to 2021 were included in the final analysis. These articles were published in 334 journals and were authored by 4567 authors from 64 countries with a collaboration index of 4.32. The annual scientific production growth rate was found to be 9.68%. The analyzed articles were cited 31335 times. The most productive year was 2006 (n = 77, 7.06%), while the most cited year was 2007 (2561 citations). The leading authors and journals in anthrax research were Rakesh Bhatnagar from Jawaharlal Nehru University, India (n = 35, 3.21%), and Vaccine (n = 1830, 16.51%), while the most cited author and journal were Arthur M. Friedlander from the United States Department of Defense (n = 2762), and Vaccine (n = 5696), respectively. The most studied recent research trend topics were lethal, double-blind, epidemiology, B surface antigen, disease, and toxin. The United States of America (USA) was the most dominant country in terms of publications, citations, corresponding author country, and global collaboration in anthrax vaccine research. The USA had the strongest collaboration with the United Kingdom (UK), China, Canada, Germany, and France. Conclusion: This is the first bibliometric study that provides a comprehensive historical overview of scientific studies. From 2006 to 2008, more than 20% of the total articles were published; however, a decrease was observed since 2013 in anthrax vaccine research. The developed countries made significant contributions to anthrax vaccine-related research, especially the USA. Among the top 10 leading authors, six authors are from the USA. The majority of the top leading institutions are also from the USA. About 90% of the total studies were funded by the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), USA, and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), USA.
Are workspaces gender neutral? A literature review and a research agenda

ABSTRACT This study undertakes a systematic literature review (SLR) on how the workspace influences female workers and, more generally, gender equality. Within the broader context of Diversity, Equity and Inclusion (DE&I) matters, gender issues have attracted ample attention from scholars and policymakers. However, research on the specific topic of this SLR is sparse and fragmented, especially for what concerns the implications on workplace design and management. This paper systematizes the actual knowledge on the subject by reviewing 68 articles published in the last 10 years. Authors critically analyze these articles according to two vital spatial elements: workspace typologies and workspace interiors. The reviewed articles document a general convincement shared by different scientific fields that the workspace affects women and men differently. The results show that space is a crucial element for enhancing gender equality in the workplace. Although the reviewed articles cover multiple disciplines, an interdisciplinary approach is still missing. The concluding section proposes a future research agenda, novel theoretical approaches and methodological advancements, while highlighting practical implications.
From calcium imaging to graph topology

Abstract Systems neuroscience is facing an ever-growing mountain of data. Recent advances in protein engineering and microscopy have together led to a paradigm shift in neuroscience; using fluorescence, we can now image the activity of every neuron through the whole brain of behaving animals. Even in larger organisms, the number of neurons that we can record simultaneously is increasing exponentially with time. This increase in the dimensionality of the data is being met with an explosion of computational and mathematical methods, each using disparate terminology, distinct approaches, and diverse mathematical concepts. Here we collect, organize, and explain multiple data analysis techniques that have been, or could be, applied to whole-brain imaging, using larval zebrafish as an example model. We begin with methods such as linear regression that are designed to detect relations between two variables. Next, we progress through network science and applied topological methods, which focus on the patterns of relations among many variables. Finally, we highlight the potential of generative models that could provide testable hypotheses on wiring rules and network progression through time, or disease progression. While we use examples of imaging from larval zebrafish, these approaches are suitable for any population-scale neural network modeling, and indeed, to applications beyond systems neuroscience. Computational approaches from network science and applied topology are not limited to larval zebrafish, or even to systems neuroscience, and we therefore conclude with a discussion of how such methods can be applied to diverse problems across the biological sciences.
Wasp Parasitoid Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Doryctobracon areolatus was introduced into Florida and the Dominican Republic for control of the Caribbean fruit fly and the West Indian fruit fly. In its native habitats, parasitism of fruit flies in certain fruit can reach more than 80%. Mean parasitism of Caribbean fruit fly following original establishment in Florida was around 40%. This 4-page fact sheet was written by Charles Stuhl and John Sivinski, and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, June 2012. EENY-525/IN938: Wasp Parasitoid Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Braconidae) (ufl.edu)
The Complete Genome of the “Flavescence Dorée” Phytoplasma Reveals Characteristics of Low Genome Plasticity

Simple Summary Phytoplasmas are non-cultivable organisms for which biological and molecular characterization is a challenge. Despite the development of new sequencing technologies, few high- quality phytoplasma genomes are available. This research describes the genome sequencing of the phytoplasma involved in grapevine Flavescence dorée, a devastating disease in European vineyards. Analysis of the gene content and comparison with other representative phytoplasmas revealed specific characteristics of the “Flavescence dorée” phytoplasma chromosome. Their implications for the development of the disease are presented and discussed. Abstract Members of the genus ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma’ are obligate intracellular bacteria restricted to phloem sieve elements and are able to colonize several tissues and the hemolymph in their insect vectors. The current unfeasibility of axenic culture and the low complexity of genomic sequences are obstacles in assembling complete chromosomes. Here, a method combining pathogen DNA enrichment from infected insects and dual deep-sequencing technologies was used to obtain the complete genome of a phytoplasma causing Grapevine Flavescence dorée. The de novo assembly generated a circular chromosome of 654,223 bp containing 506 protein-coding genes. Quality assessment of the draft showed a high degree of completeness. Comparative analysis with other phytoplasmas revealed the absence of potential mobile units and a reduced amount of putative phage-derived segments, suggesting a low genome plasticity. Phylogenetic analyses identified Candidatus Phytoplasma ziziphi as the closest fully sequenced relative. The “Flavescence dorée” phytoplasma strain CH genome also encoded for several putative effector proteins potentially playing a role in pathogen virulence. The availability of this genome provides the basis for the study of the pathogenicity mechanisms and evolution of the Flavescence dorée phytoplasma.
DEVELOPING A CHALLENGES LANDSCAPE RELATING TO DRUG SAFETY, PROVISION, AND DISTRIBUTION IN RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS FOR THE CASE OF HIV/AIDS

Since 2010, pharmaceutical organisations have begun to provide drug patents in sub-Saharan Africa through the UN Medicine Patent Pool. This initiative allows any pharmaceutical manufacturer to access these patents and manufacture the drugs, thereby aiming to decrease the associated lead times and costs. The participation of numerous manufacturers, some of whom may not have well-established quality control systems in the market, intensifies the need for effective drug quality monitoring. Research indicates that it is often the case that these ‘niche drug provision systems’ face many challenges with the quality of new-generation drugs and the implementation of effective pharmacovigilance (PV)1 systems for the reporting of adverse drug reactions. The lack of resource efficiency in adverse drug reaction reporting within the sub-Saharan context is also a growing concern.
Automatic Generation of Test-cases of Increasing Complexity for Autonomous Vehicles at Intersections

This paper presents a new framework for generating test-case scenarios for autonomous vehicles. We address two challenges in automatic test-case generation: first, a formal notion of test-case complexity, and second, an algorithm to generate more-complex test-cases. We characterize the complexity of a test-case by its set of solutions, and compare two complexities by the subset relation. The novelty of our definition is that it only relies on the pass-fail criteria of the test-case, rather than indirect or subjective assessments of what may challenge an ego vehicle to pass a test-case. Given a test-case, we model the problem of generating a more complex test-case as a constraint-satisfaction search problem. The search variables are the changes to the given test-case, and the search constraints define a solution to the search problem. The constraints include steering geometry of cars, the geometry of lanes, the shape of cars, traffic rules, bounds on longitudinal acceleration of cars, etc. To conquer the computational challenge, we divide the constraints to three cat-egories and satisfy them with simulation, answer set programming, and SMT solving. We have implemented our algorithm using the Scenic libraries and the CARLA simulator and generate test-cases for several 3-way and 4-way intersections with different topologies. Our experiments demonstrate that both CARLA's autopilot and autopilot-plus-RSS (Responsibility-Sensitive Safety) can fail as the complexity of test-cases increase.
Serum cystatin C to creatinine ratio is associated with sarcopenia in non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease

Background Sarcopenia is a prevalent complication in patients with chronic kidney disease and is associated with poor quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. Several candidate biomarkers have been evaluated for this condition. This study assessed the serum cystatin C to creatinine (serum cystatin C/Cr) ratio as a potential biomarker for sarcopenia in patients with non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease. Methods This study enrolled 517 outpatients. Muscle mass (lean tissue index) was measured using a bioimpedance spectroscopic device, and muscle strength (handgrip strength) was also measured. Sarcopenia was defined as a combination of low muscle strength and low muscle mass. Results Sarcopenia was observed in 25.5% of patients, and the mean serum cystatin C/Cr ratio was significantly higher in patients with sarcopenia than in those without it (1.14 ± 0.26 vs. 1.01 ± 0.27, p < 0.001). The prevalence of sarcopenia and low lean tissue index increased as the cystatin C/Cr ratio increased. The negative predictive value of the cystatin C/Cr ratio for sarcopenia or low lean tissue index was ≥80%. Multivariate analyses revealed that when the serum cystatin C/Cr ratio increased by 1, the risk of sarcopenia, low lean tissue index, and low handgrip strength increased by 4.6-, 7.2-, and 2.6-fold, respectively (p = 0.003, p < 0.001, and p = 0.048). The association was maximized in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <30 mL/min/1.73 m2. Conclusion Calculating the serum cystatin C/Cr ratio could be helpful for detecting and managing sarcopenia in patients with chronic kidney disease.
An efficient approach to acoustic emission source identification based on harmonic wavelet packet and hierarchy support vector machine

A new approach for acoustic emission (AE) source type identification based on harmonic wavelet packet (HWPT) feature extraction and hierarchy support vector machine (H-SVM) classifier is proposed for solving the fatigue damage identification problem of helicopter moving component. In this approach, HWPT is employed to extract the energy feature of AE signals on different frequency bands, as well as to reduce the dimensionality of original data features. We trained the H-SVM classifier on a subset of the experimental data for known AE source type, and then tested on the remaining set of data. Also, the pressure off experiment on specimen of carbon fiber materials is investigated. The experimental results indicate that the proposed approach can implement AE source type identification effectively, and achieves better performance on computational efficiency and identification accuracy than wavelet packet (WPT) feature extraction and RBF neural network classification.
Algoritmo del Búfalo Africano para resolver el problema de corte unidimensional

El problema de corte unidimensional consiste en cortar un objeto o stock, cuya longitud puede ser finita o infinita, para producir objetos más pequeños o ítems con longitud finita. Este problema aparece en una gran cantidad de industrias alrededor del mundo. En este trabajo se propone adaptar el algoritmo de optimización del búfalo Africano con el objetivo de reducir los stocks necesarios para satisfacer la demanda de ítems. El algoritmo se probó en un conjunto de instancias que son referencia para este problema. Los resultados indican que el algoritmo consigue soluciones competitivas de acuerdo a la minimización del stock.
General Monogamy Relation between Information-Theoretic Contextuality Inequalities

We show that the perfect commutation graph is the sufficient tight condition for admitting the noncontextual description of each observable set satisfying it in the yes-no question scenario. With this condition, we propose a method for proving the monogamy relation between two informationtheoretic contextuality inequalities by decomposing the total commutation graph into perfect subgraphs. The results offer a powerful tool to investigate the contextuality and to understand quantum information theory. This theoretical work can be experimentally verified in current laboratorial technology.
Quantum Entanglement { A Primer

The phenomenon of \quantum entanglement" and the related \EPR paradox" has been mystifying physicists ever since Einstein, Podoloky & Rosen published their gedanken experiment in 1935. However, the existence of quantum entanglement is, now, theoretically and experimentally well established. In fact, quantum entanglement is being looked upon as the cardinal resource in quantum communication, quantum computing and other information processing activities to the extent that it could revolutionize the world of information technology. This is despite the fact that an unquestionable physical explanation of entanglement continues to elude all human endeavours. In this review, we present a bird’s eye view of all facets of this intriguing phenomenon. Starting from the pre-requisites (Section 2), we introduce \quantum entanglement" in Section 3. We, then, look at the scheme of measurement of the degree of entanglement in terms of \Wootters Concurrence" & \Entanglement of Formation". Using quaternions, we study the geometry of the single and two qubit states of quantum computing. Through the Hopf flbrations, we identify geometric manifestations of the separability and entanglement of two qubit quantum systems. Thereafter, we present the salient features of the EPR experiment and the Bohm’s version thereof in terms of particle spins. Possible schemes of resolution of the EPR paradox in terms of Bohr’s Complementarity Principle, time retroaction and Bohm’s \quantum potential" are also discussed. Anomalies resulting from the von Neumann scheme of quantum measurement are also touched upon. A comprehensive list of references supports this review.
I ndIgenous , T radITIonal and l ocal K nowledge for B oTTom - up a dapTaTIon I nnovaTIon

Adaptation technologies are location- and sector-specific. The process of their development, transfer, and adoption are complex and are not usually guided by established market mechanism. At the local level, uses of adaptation technology are usually guided by coping or autonomous response to climate impacts. Adoption of appropriate adaptation technologies requires fulfillment of a number of conditions not only at the point of application but also in the broader market and policy spectrum. Given impending risks of climate change beyond 1.5 o C global warming, additional adaptation consideration will be necessary to design and apply a suit of adaptation technologies considering multi- and systemic risk scen-ario. This paper proposes a bottom-up approach for adaptation technology development, transfer and adoption stressing the importance of indigenous, traditional and local knowledge (ITLK) systems, local innovations, efforts, and initiatives. The paper explains how communities, government, scientific community, and private sector could be a part for creating local markets of appropriate adaptation technology and related services.