Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Alternative Estimators for the Unbalanced Two-Way Error Component Regression Model

This paper considers the unbalanced two-way error component model studied by Wansbeek and Kapteyn (1989). Alternative analysis of variance (ANOVA), minimum norm quadratic unbiased and restricted maximum likelihood (REML) estimation procedures are proposed. The mean squared error performance of these estimators are compared using Monte Carlo experiments. Results show that for the estimates of the variance components, the computationally more demanding maximum likelihood (ML) and minimum variance quadratic unbiased (MIVQUE) estimators are recommended, especially if the unbalanced pattern is severe. However, focusing on the regression coefficient estimates, the simple ANOVA methods perform just as well as the computationally demanding ML and MIVQUE methods and are recommended. Copyright Royal Economic Society, 2002
Field-effect mobility temperature modeling of 4H-SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors

Here a physically based channel mobility model has been developed to investigate the temperature dependence of the field-effect mobility of 4H-SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) transistors with thermally oxidized gate insulators. This model has been designed so that it accounts for the high density of traps at the MOS interface. This temperature dependence is a key issue for silicon carbide electronics, as its basic material properties make it the foremost semiconductor for high power/high temperature electronic devices in applications such as spacecraft, aircraft, automobile, and energy distribution. Our modeling suggests that the high density of charged acceptor interface traps, encountered in thermally grown gate oxides, modulates the channel mobility due to the Coulomb scattering of free carriers in the inversion layer. When the temperature increases, the field-effect mobility of these devices also increases, due to an increase in inversion charge and a reduction of the trapped charge. Experimental .
Singular Dynamics with Application to Singular Waves in Physical Problems

Many physical problems are governed by certain systems of singular ordinary differential equations (ODEs). As a result, singular solutions can arise. In this paper, we provide some theoretical results to deal with these solutions. By applying straightforwardly the notion of weak solutions for partial differential equations (PDEs), a notion of weak solutions for this ODE type is proposed to include these singular solutions. As an application, we consider some traveling-wave solutions of a nonlinear dispersion equation arising in a physical problem. It is shown that compactons can arise in nonlinear elastic rods.
Simple and safe short-range lidar system for undergraduate laboratory

A simple and safe lidar system based on a nitrogen laser (337.1 nm) is described. The setup permits undergraduates to learn the principles and applications of the lidar technique. The apparatus is used for exercises about measurements of distance to objects, the determination of light velocity as well as about retrieving the back-scatter coefficient of a water aerosol cloud. The system may also be used for demonstrating the principle of fluorescence lidar.
Updates in Management of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review

Autism is a neurodevelopmental illness marked by confined repetitive behaviour, poor social interaction, and difficulties with verbal and nonverbal communication. Despite advances in early detection and intervention, no therapy has yet been shown to entirely correct autism's basic symptoms. People with ASD have various strengths and challenges, as well as diverse treatment requirements, because ASD impacts each individual differently. Autism is presently treated with the majority of behavioural therapies in conjunction with pharmaceutical therapy. Behavioral intervention can reduce behavioural issues and enhance language, cognitive, adaptive, and social abilities; however, the effect is not stable and requires substantial cooperation between families, communities, and schools. Some of the medicines commonly used to treat anxiety, ADHD symptoms, compulsions, and other repeated behaviours, as well as mood instability, irritability, aggression, and sleep problems, are antidepressants, stimulants, antipsychotics, alpha agonists, and anticonvulsants. The relevance of pharmaceutical therapy for ASD-related co-morbid disorders grows with age. These medications, which include stimulants and antipsychotics, are critical in the clinical management of ASD patients. However, when the genes causing the ASD are known and the neurobiology and prospective targeted treatments were investigated to restore the neurobiological defects at least in animal models, the development of targeted medicines for subgroups of ASD has led to numerous recent successes in patients, as reported here.
Analisis Sosial Peran Lembaga Dakwah Sebagai Media Komunikasi Pada Masyarakat

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to analyze the role of da'wah institutions as a medium of communication in a sociological review. The methodology used is qualitative research with studies of figures/institutions. The study of figures/institutions uses methods, namely interviews, observations, documentation, literature, and notes on the life journey of the figures/institutions. This study shows the results that the more media used the easier communication in da'wah. The current da'wah movement requires more than tablgh aspects, which is only to convey invitations with fardiyah (personal) media without being supported by social entities in the form of legal legal entities. Guidance requires diâfan (defense) in the form of a legal entity as a logical consequence of the concept of imamah, shura, congregation, community (qaryah taiyibah), and others. This is caused by humans as social beings, so that their interactions are not limited to individual matters, but also concerns the needs of many people, which in this case can be in the form of constitutional munkar or unfair political policies. The AFKN Foundation is a social institution that is engaged in da'wah, education, social and human resource development. This institution was founded by Ustadz Fadzlan Garamatan as one of his propaganda media.Keywords: Role, Da'wah Institution, Media, Communication. AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis peran lembaga dakwah sebagai media komunikasi dalam tinjauan sosiologi. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan kajian tokoh/lembaga. Studi tokoh/lembaga menggunakan metode yakni wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, literatur, dan catatan-catatan perjalanan hidup sang tokoh/lembaga. Penelitian ini menunjukan hasil bahwa semakin banyak media yang digunakan semakin memudahkan komunikasi dalam dakwah. Gerakan dakwah saat ini membutuhkan lebih dari aspek tablîgh, yaitu hanya menyampaikan ajakan saja dengan media fardiyah (personal) tanpa didukung oleh entitas sosial berupa lembaga berbadan hukum yang legal. Binaan (membina) membutuhkan adanya diʻâfan (pertahanan) yang berbentuk badan hukum sebagai konsekuensi logis dari konsep imamah, syura, jamaah, komunitas (qaryah taiyibah), dan lain-lain. Hal ini disebabkan oleh manusia sebagai makhluk sosial, sehingga interaksinya tidak sebatas pada hal-hal individu, tapi juga menyangkut hajat orang banyak yang dalam hal ini wujudnya bisa berupa kemungkaran konstitusi atau kebijakan politik yang tidak adil. Yayasan AFKN merupakan lembaga kemasyarakatan yang bergerak di bidang dakwah, pendidikan, sosial dan pengembangan sumber daya manusia. Lembaga ini didirikan oleh ustadz Fadzlan Garamatan sebagai salah satu media dakwahnya.Kata Kunci: Peran, Lembaga Dakwah, Media, Komunikasi.
Generation of density inhomogeneities by magnetohydrodynamic waves

We show that, in a cold plasma, one of the slow waves of the linear system is a Jordan mode, for which the density grows linearly with time. Although this mode is not present if the temperature is finite, slow waves still generate large density perturbations when the thermal sound speed is small compared with that of the fast and Alfven waves. Numerical calculations show that non-linear steepening of a fast wave with finite but modest amplitude can readily excite this mode as long as the angle between its direction of propagation and the magnetic field is neither too large nor too small. This produces persistent inhomogeneities with a large density contrast. We suggest that this mechanism is responsible for the clumps identified in CO maps of the Rosette molecular cloud and similar ones in other giant molecular clouds. The same process may also be responsible for the formation of dense cores in the clumps.
Nonparametric Estimation of Regression Level Sets

Let where f is an unknown regression function, (ξ1,.,ξn) are iid centered gaussian variables independent of the design (X 1,……X n), Consider the problem of estimating the level set from (X 1, Y 1),…. (X n, Y n)Consider under certain assumptions on the boundary smoothness of G. We propose piecewise-polynomial estimators based on the maximization of local empirical excess masses. With assumptions on the design we show that these estimators have optimal rates of convergence in an asymptotically minimax meaning, within studied classes of regressions. For “bad” design we obtain other, non-optimal, rates. We generalize these results to the N-dimensional case, N ≠ 2.
Verification of Convection-Allowing WRF Model Forecasts of the Planetary Boundary Layer Using Sounding Observations

AbstractThis study evaluates forecasts of thermodynamic variables from five convection-allowing configurations of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) with the Advanced Research core (WRF-ARW). The forecasts vary only in their planetary boundary layer (PBL) scheme, including three “local” schemes [Mellor–Yamada–Janjic (MYJ), quasi-normal scale elimination (QNSE), and Mellor–Yamada–Nakanishi–Niino (MYNN)] and two schemes that include “nonlocal” mixing [the asymmetric cloud model version 2 (ACM2) and the Yonei University (YSU) scheme]. The forecasts are compared to springtime radiosonde observations upstream from deep convection to gain a better understanding of the thermodynamic characteristics of these PBL schemes in this regime. The morning PBLs are all too cool and dry despite having little bias in PBL depth (except for YSU). In the evening, the local schemes produce shallower PBLs that are often too shallow and too moist compared to nonlocal schemes. However, MYNN is nearly unbiased in PBL .
Near-field plane-wave-like beam emitting antenna fabricated by anisotropic metamaterial

In this work, the authors showed that the directivity and efficiency of an electromagnetic (EM) emission could be greatly improved by embedding the source in an anisotropic matrix with one component of the physical parameters near zero. This unique property led us to design a slab-shaped rectangular antenna that could emit a monopolarized planar wave beam into the near field. This greatly reduced the spatial and anechoic requirements needed for polarization-relevant EM characterizations. The practical feasibility of building such a device was numerically discussed by engineering a real anisotropic embedding matrix made of metamaterial.
CdSe nanowires with controllable growth orientations

Epitaxial growths of CdSe nanowires with controllable orientations by metal organic chemical vapor deposition are obtained. Scanning electron microscopy reveals that they preferred to align along different orientations when grown on different GaAs surfaces. The geometrical relationship between their orientations and the substrates can further be changed by changing the growth temperature. They all grow along the ⟨110⟩ direction of the substrates at 480°C, but along the ⟨111⟩ direction at 500°C. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy confirm that they are single-crystalline wurtzite structured. Photoluminescence measurements on individual CdSe nanowires reveal their good optical properties.
Global asymptotic dynamics of a model for quarantine and isolation

The paper presents an SEIQHRS model for evaluating the combined impact of quarantine (of asymptomatic cases) and isolation (of individuals with clinical symptoms) on the spread of a communicable disease. Rigorous analysis of the model, which takes the form of a deterministic system of nonlinear differential equations with standard incidence, reveal that it has a globally-asymptotically stable disease-free equilibrium whenever its associated reproduction number is less than unity. Further, the model has a unique endemic equilibrium when the threshold quantity exceeds unity. Using a Krasnoselskii sub-linearity trick, it is shown that the unique endemic equilibrium is locally-asymptotically stable for a special case. A nonlinear Lyapunov function of Volterra type is used, in conjunction with LaSalle Invariance Principle, to show that the endemic equilibrium is globally-asymptotically stable for a special case. Numerical simulations, using a reasonable set of parameter values (consistent with the SARS outbreaks of 2003), show that the level of transmission by individuals isolated in hospitals play an important role in determining the impact of the two control measures (the use of quarantine and isolation could offer a detrimental population-level impact if isolation-related transmission is high enough).
Analysis of Skin Radiation Injury After External Curative and Palliative Radiotherapy of Cervix Cancer with Linac

Radiotherapy is a powerful tool for tumour control and treatment for various types of cancer. Despite the technological advances, cancer patients are still experiencing skin radiation injury. This study analyzed the probability of the skin radiation injury experienced by cervical cancer patients after external curative and palliative radiotherapy. This research was conducted at the Hasanuddin University Teaching Hospital in the Radiology section. The instrument used LINAC 6 MV external radiotherapy with the Varian brand. The state of the cancer of the samples was stage 2 B, and 3 B. The application of the dose rate for the two stages in curative therapy did not differ, such as 6.06 Gy/min to 8.26 Gy/min. On the contrary, palliative therapy uses a dose rate of 11.06 Gy/min to 13.47 Gy/min. This dose rate is higher than the curative dose rate because this therapy aims to reduce the size of cancer.
Broadband optical resonator based on coupled positive- and negative-index waveguides

We propose and design a broadband optical resonator fashioned from two types of waveguides: one sustaining a positive-index mode with a positive phase velocity and another sustaining a negative-index mode with a negative phase velocity. The former has a wavelength that decreases as a function of frequency, while the latter has a wavelength that increases as a function of frequency. Because frequency-dependent wavelength increases in one waveguide component of the resonator are compensated by wavelength decreases in the other component, the resonator can potentially support a continuum of standing wave patterns that all satisfy the same resonance condition, effectively widening the frequency range over which resonance is achievable. We have tailored the geometry of the resonator so that the net phase accrued within the resonator is nearly constant over a large portion of the visible frequency range, and, as shown through FDTD simulations and analytical calculations, a broadband optical resonance is achieved.
On some problems in the theory of finite fields

CONTENTS Introduction 1. The factorization of polynomials 2. The construction of irreducible and primitive polynomials 3. The distribution of irreducible and primitive polynomials 4. Computation in finite fields 5. Coding theory and algebraic curves 6. Recurring sequences in finite fields 7. Some new applications of the theory of finite fields References
Influencer Marketing as Emerging Promotional Tool in Modern Era and
Opportunities to Uprising Sales

The increasing impact of social media for big brands nowadays are preferring influencer marketing over the traditional marketing techniques. Influencer advertising is a methodology that recognizes influential individuals on social media who impact a brand's industry or target crowd. In an influencer advertising technique, a brand shapes an association with the influencer wherein the influencer consents to open their crowd to the brand's informing or substance. Influencer marketing has become dramatically throughout the long term and the objective gathering for this promoting procedure is expanding step by step. Digital ad campaigns and online sketches made by the influencers get viral in no span of time. With hashtags, makes reference & other keywords the name of the brand stays in limelight for a longer period of time & impacts deeper in the minds of the audience. The research paper is based on secondary data. In this paper, the researcher has studied influencer market for promotions and various opportunities for market expansion.
Dark Galaxies and lost baryons (IAU S244)

Over the past century astronomers have discovered huge numbers of galaxies within our Universe by detecting the light from the stars they are made of. Now some astronomers believe that there are many other undetected galaxies that do not contain stars. IAU Symposium 244 saw heated debates surrounding the existence of these Dark Galaxies, discussing what a Dark Galaxy is and whether detections satisfy requirements for what one might be. Other contributions describe candidate Dark Galaxies, the baryon content of the Universe, and the discovery of the warm inter-galactic medium and low luminosity galaxies. Highlights include state-of-the-art observations of atomic hydrogen in the Universe that may be used to find Dark Galaxies, how gravitational lensing may be used to map the distribution of matter and inferences of dark structures, and the role of low luminosity galaxies in the formatio
Standard Errors of Prediction in Generalized Linear Mixed Models

Abstract The unconditional mean squared error of prediction (UMSEP) is widely used as a measure of prediction variance for inferences concerning linear combinations of fixed and random effects in the classical normal theory mixed model. But the UMSEP is inappropriate for generalized linear mixed models where the conditional variance of the random effects depends on the data. When the random effects describe variation between independent small domains and domain-specific prediction is of interest, we propose a conditional mean squared error of prediction (CMSEP) as a general measure of prediction variance. The CMSEP is shown to be the sum of the conditional variance and a positive correction that accounts for the sampling variability of parameter estimates. We derive a second-order-correct estimate of the CMSEP that consists of three components: (a) a plug-in estimate of the conditional variance, (b) a plug-in estimate of a Taylor series approximation to the correction term, and (c) a bootstrap estimate of.
Diffusion enhanced carbon loss from SiGeC layers due to oxidation

The effect of annealing 25-nm-thick pseudomorphic Si{sub 0.7865}Ge{sub 0.21}C{sub 0.0035} layers on silicon substrates in nitrogen or oxygen at 850{sup o}C was examined for different silicon cap thicknesses and annealing times by x-ray diffraction and secondary-ion mass spectrometry. Carbon is found to diffuse rapidly out of the SiGeC layer and even out of the sample entirely, an effect that is enhanced by oxidation and thin cap layers. All substitutional carbon can be removed from the sample in some cases, implying negligible formation of silicon-carbon complexes. Furthermore, it is found that each injected silicon interstitial atom due to oxidation causes the removal of one additional carbon atom for the SiGeC layer.
Employees’ Views on the Use of Social Media Platforms at Work

Nowadays, no public or private organization in Bangladesh can function without the widespread adoption of social networking platforms. It has recently replaced in-person social interactions and communication. Most modern organizations provide their employees with affordable Internet connections by PC, laptop, and some other mobile devices, allowing them quick access to personal and professional social networking sites from both home and work. There are many advantages to using social networking sites at work, but there are also some negatives. An organizational policy on the use of social networking sites while on the job is a powerful management tool. This research aims to learn more about how employees are utilizing social media at work as well as the effects of this behaviour. The research hopes to help organizations implement policies that are mutually agreeable to employees and management. A total of 60 people from a variety of occupations participated in the survey. Some of the primary ideas given in this paper that can work for the organization without restricting the freedom of the employees are: providing proper direction; teaching and training employees about the security risks for the organization; enabling employees with time-based access; etc. ,,,,, construction workers.
Three-Dimensional Linear Instability of Persistent Anomalous Large-Scale Flows.

Abstract The linear baroclinic instability of three-dimensional basic flows on the Northern Hemisphere is examined in terms of a simple two-level, quasi-geostrophic model. The basic flows considered comprise an observed six-winter mean flow, as well as anomalous flows which represent episodes where large-scale persistent flow anomalies, such as the Pacific/North American (PNA), East Atlantic (EA), or North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) patterns exhibit large amplitudes. For the climatological basic state, the fastest-growing normal modes with periods of around 4 days consist of regionally confined, synoptic-scale, baroclinic wave trains. These are considered as cyclogenesis modes, characterizing the linear synoptic-scale eddy activity associated with a given basic flow. This eddy activity has a pronounced maximum over the Pacific, close to the position of the observed Pacific storm track, but the second maximum over the Atlantic, corresponding to the Atlantic storm track, is considerably underestimated. Neve.
Semiconducting Ge clathrates: Promising candidates for thermoelectric applications

Transport properties of polycrystalline Ge clathrates with general composition Sr8Ga16Ge30 are reported in the temperature range 5 K⩽T⩽300 K. These compounds exhibit N-type semiconducting behavior with relatively high Seebeck coefficients and electrical conductivity, and room temperature carrier concentrations in the range of 1017–1018 cm−3. The thermal conductivity is more than an order of magnitude smaller than that of crystalline germanium and has a glasslike temperature dependence. The resulting thermoelectric figure of merit, ZT, at room temperature for the present samples is 14 that of Bi2Te3 alloys currently used in devices for thermoelectric cooling. Extrapolating our measurements to above room temperature, we estimate that ZT>1 at T>700 K, thus exceeding that of most known materials.
An analysis of operating profit margin: a valuable tool for New Zealand dairy farmers

Operating profit margin (OPM) is a well-supported and easily interpretable parameter from the DuPont framework for understanding firm performance. It has not been widely applied in the dairy industry, despite its role in driving profitability, resilience and debt serviceability in low subsidy export-oriented farming systems. We analyse the drivers of OPM in depth for the first time on New Zealand dairy farms. We utilise a 10-year panel dataset developed by applying simulation methods to sample and population data, giving a representative picture of the industry. We group farms into quartiles of their long-run OPM performance and perform non-parametric Games-Howell testing to investigate differences between the groups. We then estimate individual and time fixed effects panel regression models for the entire sample and each quartile separately to examine the factors driving changes in OPM over time. We add to the limited literature on the factors driving changes in OPM over time.