Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DERIVATIONS OF TRAFFIC DATA ANALYSIS

Public networks such as Internet do not provide a secure communications between subjects. Communication over such networks is susceptible to being compromised by unauthorized third parties. There are specific scenarios where data encryption is required: to help to protect data from being viewed, providing ways to detect whether data has been modified and offering a secure channel to communicate. In order to ensure privacy and anonymity communication researchers have developed several techniques which make possible anonymous web surfing, e-voting, report emailing and others. The aim of this paper is to present an overview of how large amounts of traffic that has been routed through an anonymous communication system can find communication relationships.
Multiparameter time-domain sensitivity computation

In this paper, a novel approach for the computation of multiparameter time-domain sensitivity during circuit simulation is presented. The computation of the sensitivity values of one or more circuit variables (e.g., node voltages or branch currents) with respect to both design parameters (e.g., R, C, MOS length, MOS width.) and process parameters (e.g., tox, nsub, u0.) is addressed by introducing a rigorous mathematical derivation of the proposed direct differentiation modified algorithm (DDMA). First, the circuit interpretation of the analytical formulas as well as their theoretical derivation from the Tellegen's theorem is discussed. Then, DDMA is compared with the direct method and the adjoint technique to emphasize the cost difference in terms of CPU operations. The accuracy of the new algorithm is also evaluated, by estimating the numerical error involved in the solution of discretized sensitivity equations. Finally, a set of circuit examples is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of DDMA together with the implementation details needed to include the present sensitivity analysis in a circuit simulator such as Spice3F5.
W-band characterization of finite ground coplanar transmission lines on liquid crystal polymer (LCP) substrates

Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP) is a material with properties that suit it well as both a substrate and packaging material. LCP's multi-layer lamination capabilities, excellent electrical properties, and near hermetic nature suit it to a wide range of RF applications. Several frequency bands of interest. such as evolving applications in the 60 GHz band and military use at 94 GHz, could potentially benefit from the use of LCP system on package (SOP) devices. To test the viability of LCP at these frequencies, a conductor-hacked coplanar waveguide (CBCPW) on a 50 micron LCP substrate was fabricated and measured from 2 - 110 GHz. For measurement accuracy and substrate characterization, a through, reflect, line, (TRL) calibration was performed according to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) guidelimes. For the first time, LCP is characterized as a nun-wave circuit substrate up to 110 GHz.
Networked control system: a brief survey

A survey on networked control systems (NCSs), published in a previous paper, is updated and extended. A simple framework and some general formulations for the study of NCSs are proposed. In addition to the survey on NCSs, the impact of NCSs on traditional large-scale system control methodologies with a related application is also reviewed.
Evaporation-Induced Self-Assembly: NanostructuresEasy

The following article is an edited transcript based on the MRS Medalist presentation given by C. Jeffrey Brinker (Sandia National Laboratories and the University of New Mexico) on December 3, 2003, at the Materials Research Society Fall Meeting in Boston. Brinker received the Medal for “his pioneering application of principles of sol-gel chemistry to the self-assembly of functional nanoscale materials. ” Nature combines hard and soft materials, often in hierarchical architectures, to obtain synergistic, optimized properties with proven, complex functionalities. Emulating natural designs in robust engineering materials using efficient processing approaches represents a fundamental challenge to materials chemists. This presentation reviews progress on understanding so-called evaporation-induced silica/surfactant self-assembly (EISA) as a simple, general means of preparing porous thin-film nanostructures. Such porous materials are of interest for membranes, low-dielectric-constant (low-k) insulators, and even ‘”nano-valves” that open and close in response to an external stimulus. EISA can also be used to simultaneously organize hydrophilic and hydrophobic precursors into hybrid nanocomposites that are optically or chemically polymerizable, patternable, or adjustable.
Knowledge Diffusion and the Dynamics of Citation Accrual

The diffusion of knowledge through society proceeds like an invisible ripple that moves between agents through multiple information channels. However, some types of knowledge are recorded, systematised and digitised for the benefit of everyone. Patents and academic articles are examples of such codified knowledge. These documents also contain a common element that is utilised for linking new and established knowledge: citations. This thesis harnesses citations in patents and scientific articles as proxies for signifying the existence of knowledge flows between cited and citing documents, focusing primarily on the dynamics of citation accumulation and the mechanisms governing these dynamics. For this purpose, it is helpful to think of patents and their citations as nodes and links, respectively, in a network where new nodes join the network and distribute their citations among existing nodes. This mode of thinking leads directly to the question: How does the citation network grow? This thesis addresses that question both empirically and theoretically. Two mechanisms that can explain much of the observed citation dynamics are preferential attachment and node ageing. The former mechanism reflects the tendency for successful nodes (by citation count) to become even more successful, while the latter captures the propensity for knowledge to become obsolete over time. The independence of these phenomena is nontrivial, but has generally been assumed. We put this assumption to the test for both patent and scientific-article citation networks and found it to be generally true if precautions are taken to account for important context surrounding the meaning of citations. Achieving a clear separation of these mechanisms is found to be very useful both mathematically and empirically, as they can now be studied independently. Patents are particularly sophisticated documents, with various components holding specific legal meanings. Associating certain properties of these components with popularity in the form of citation accrual creates a rare opportunity to build a framework that can identify ex-ante node fitnesses and examine their effect on the growth of a citation network. We find that a significant portion of the preferential-attachment process observed in the patent-citation network can be attributed to basic properties of patents determined by their time of grant. Besides suggesting novel approaches towards estimating patent quality, the results of our work also provide a platform for gaining a deeper understanding of the various mechanisms that underpin the success-breeds-success dynamics ubiquitously observed in complex systems.
Wealth accumulation and retirement preparedness in cross-national perspective: A gendered analysis of outcomes among single adults

Wealth is an increasingly important dimension of economic well-being and is attracting rising attention in discussions of social inequality. In this article, we compare – within and across countries – wealth outcomes, and link those to both employment-related factors and policy solutions that have the potential to improve wealth creation and retirement security for women. By constructing country-specific portraits of wealth outcomes and ‘retirement preparedness’, we reveal extensive cross-national variation in multiple facets of wealth. Our regression analysis finds a statistically significant and positive effect of work experience on wealth, with that effect, in general, increasing over time. The effect of work experience for single women is greater than for single men, suggesting that, among men, other, stronger forces are at work in creating wealth. The retirement preparedness outcomes indicate that single women in all three countries are in a precarious position at retirement, with much lower expected annual wealth levels than single men. The second preparedness indicator, which links expected annual wealth to income, demonstrates that men have the potential to cover larger shares of their income at retirement – and thus are more able, than their female counterparts, to maintain standards of living achieved earlier in life. Our policy discussion indicates that employment remains a viable option for ultimately bolstering women’s wealth accumulation. Many scholars, gender equality advocates and policymakers have argued for raising women’s employment rates – for a multitude of reasons – but few, if any, have made the case for strengthening women’s employment in order to ultimately bolster women’s wealth building. We hope to help reduce the gap in the literature on policy supports for women’s employment and re-open the discussion on how women can create more wealth.
Determinants of Entrepreneurial Spirit: A study on BSCIC Industrial Estates of Sylhet Division, Bangladesh

Without the growth and development of entrepreneurship the development of country would always be unattained. It is a study where researchers try to analyze the forces behind the spirit of entrepreneurship development. The study tried to explore the ambitions, compulsions, facilitations and expectations which lead them to industry, the idea generation process and motivators in that process of entrepreneurships and also the primary obstacles in entrepreneurships in Industrial estates. In this context an extensive survey is made and data have been collected from some entrepreneurs in five BSCIC industrial estate of Sylhet division in Bangladesh. From that study it is revealed that the leading ambition is making profits, compulsions are dissatisfaction in present job and unemployment and facilitating factors are technical skill and experience. The main source of idea is the entrepreneur himself and he is also the motivator in that process. Obstacle in emergence of entrepreneurship in industrial estates is revealed as the procedural hazards. Therefore it is suggested that proper counseling in presence of family members and minimizing the procedural hazards in facilitating supports should be emphasized in entrepreneurial development program.
Anti-Psoriatic Effects and IL-22 Targeting Mechanism of Indirubin by Suppressing Keratinocyte Inflammation and Proliferation

Indigo naturalis, which is extracted from the leaves and branches of Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek, has traditionally been used to treat psoriasis. The current study aimed to examine a new mechanism of the components of indigo naturalis, including indirubin, indigo, and tryptanthrin. The anti-psoriatic effects were assessed by the proliferation biomarkers (Ki67, K16), cell cycle progression, ROS production, and interleukin profiling (ICAM-1, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8) in IL-22-treated HaCaT cells. Among the components, indirubin significantly decreased intracellular ROS production and lowered the production of ICAM-1, TNF-α, and IL-6 in IL-22-treated HaCaT cells. Indirubin, indigo, and tryptanthrin could decrease the proportion of Ki67-positive cells, but only indirubin decreased the proportion of cells entering the S phase and suppressed the expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 in IL-22-treated HaCaT cells. Indirubin significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of STAT3 and ERK. In vivo, IL-22 was intradermally injected into mouse ears for six days and topically treated with 0.1% or 1% indirubin. In the IL-22-injected mice, treatment with indirubin inhibited epidermal hyperplasia. Immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis demonstrated the downregulation of K16 expression in psoriatic lesions. These results suggest that indirubin, which is a major component of indigo naturalis, may have therapeutic potential in an IL-22-induced psoriasis model.
A vendor-managed inventory scheme as a supply chain coordination mechanism

In this paper, we have considered a vendor-managed inventory (VMI) arrangement in a supply chain (SC), where the buyer imposes a penalty for shipments exceeding an upper limit. We have shown as how the industry practice of VMI under penalty can be used as a SC coordination mechanism. The vendor can influence the buyer to increase the batch size without making the buyer worse off. We also discuss how such a penalty scheme may be derived. Further, we have established the equivalence of VMI under deterministic demand with that of quantity discount models, thus highlighting the need to incorporate both cooperation and coordination perspectives while analysing SC collaboration mechanisms.
Comparison of Kinematic and Temporal Parameters between Different Pitch Velocity Groups

This study investigated differences in kinematic and temporal parameters between two velocity groups of baseball pitchers. Data were collected from 127 healthy college and professional baseball pitchers. Those who threw faster than 1 SD above the sample mean (>38.0 m/s) were assigned to the high velocity group ( n = 29), and those who threw slower than 1 SD below the sample mean (<34.2 m/s) were assigned to the low velocity group (n = 23). Twelve kinematic parameters and 9 temporal parameters were measured and analyzed. The pattern of lead knee movement was also investigated. Maximum shoulder external rotation, forward trunk tilt at the instant of ball release, and lead knee extension angular velocity at the instant of ball release were significantly greater in the high velocity group. Maximum lead knee flexion angular velocity was significantly greater in the low velocity group. Seventy percent of the high velocity group showed knee extension during the approach to ball release, whereas the low velocity group showed a variety of knee movement patterns involving less knee extension and more knee flexion. The greater shoulder external rotation in the high velocity group produced an increased range of motion during the acceleration phase.
Functional versatility of hybrid composite finishing of chitosan-titania NPs-organic UV-absorber for polyacrylonitrile fabric

This current study proposes a novel, successful method for multi-finishing polyacrylonitrile fabric. The performance of the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fabric was successfully modified using functional finishing with hybrid composite (chitosan-titania NPs-organic UV absorber). PAN was activated to increase the number of reactive sites available for functional finishing. The effect of the finishing process on the fabric properties and the interaction between the activated PAN fabrics with the hybrid composite was demonstrated. Dyeing with reactive dye was done to monitor the reactive groups formed after alkali hydrolysis of PAN fabric and finishing and has been estimated as the starting point to determine the appropriate finishing bath formulation. The results revealed that the hybrid composite is a multifunctional agent in the fabrication process of bacterial and ultraviolet resistances. The maximum bacterial reduction was 95% E. coli and 92% for S. aureus and the maximum UPF value (108) and excellent protection category against UV radiation. The surface characteristics of the fabrics were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The UPF and antibacterial properties show a minor decrease after five wash cycles. The reduction might be attributable to the unfixed and physically connected finishing agents.
Petrogenetic constraints on the felsic vein magmatism in northern Portugal based on petrological and geochemical data

Three of the largest granite porphyries of northern Portugal were studied to improve current knowledge on the regional felsic vein hypabyssal magmatism. All porphyries exhibit microcrystalline groundmasses of variable granularity (composed of quartz, K-feldspar, and muscovite), quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase, biotite, and cordierite phenocrysts, antirapakivi and rapakivi feldspars, embayments in quartz, and enrichments in rare metal incompatible elements. The veins were emplaced along fractures generated during the last phase of the Variscan orogeny. Textural features were presumably conditioned by fast cooling, volatile loss, subsolidus annealing, and the magnitude of thermal contrasts at the time of emplacement. All veins were altered by subsolidus hydrothermal fluids, as suggested by several petrographic and geochemical evidence. The generation of mantled feldspars is probably related to isothermal decompression and magma mixing, which is compatible with the εNdi signatures (−3.76 to −4.40). Based on this research, both processes have contributed to the petrogenesis of the studied porphyries.
Processing and Performance of Tantalum Nitride Thin Film Resistor Networks with ±50 Ppm/°C TCR

Vacuum annealing has bean used to routinely manufacture tantalum nitride resistor networks with temperature coefficients in the range of ±50 ppm/°oC. The as-sputtered temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of tantalum nitride films with nitrogen content set for optimum stability is approximately --130 ppm. Although near zero TCR's can be obtained by reducing the nitrogen content during sputtering, such films exhibit substantial negative changes when dc loaded. Networks were fabricated on aluminum oxide substrates using in-line sputtered tantalum nitride films and vacuum evaporated chrome-gold conductive termination films. Anneal schedules (to remove structural defects) in the range of 460°C to 510°C for 4 h were found suitable for producing films with near zero TCR over a sheet resistance range of 30-75 \Omega /square. Conventional photolithography techniques were used to delineate resistor networks with up to 20 resistors per network. After a thermal stabilization of 16 h at 250°c, the resistors were anodized to ratio tolerances as close as 0.05%. Resistances of 50 \Omega to 20 k \Omega were manufactured on a single network. Load life and thermal aging results indicate no degradation in performance as a result of shifting the TCR by vacuum annealing. Temperature cycle changes were less than 0.01%. Resistor TCR tracking was less then 7 ppm/°C on 0.700 X 0.700 network. Resistor noise was measured and found not to differ from unannealed resistor films. By incorporating the vacuum annealing step into the standard tantalum nitride manufacturing process, resistor networks with near zero TCR can be produced with the same excellent stability possessed by unannealed films.
Intelligent classification algorithm for air pollution-related microblog texts with public perception

In order to achieve intelligent classification of air pollution-related microblog texts with semantically mixed public perception, with the help of the Word2Vec model developed by Google, this paper uses a large number of microblog texts as the training set for word vectors training, the trained word vectors are embedded in convolutional neural network (referred to as CNN) model. Based on the established classification criteria of gaseous pollution, dust pollution, smoke pollution and haze pollution, the 1000 air pollution-related microblogs were screened out to design and implement an automatic and intelligent classification algorithm. The experimental results show that the overall accuracy rate is 94.75% and the overall recall rate is 94.50%, which can meet the accurate classification of air pollution-related microblog texts, and provide accurate corpus data for later analysis of the semantic features of air pollution topics and the public's perceived emotional intensity.
Developing and testing a design process for sustainable indicators

In the last few decades the competitive context development trajectory is leading companies to increase their contribution for sustainable development. Stakeholders’ accountability demands are being reflected in present multidisciplinary regulatory framework that is formed by standards, guidelines and guidance reports, and allows markets and society to have evidences from sustainable behavior, which is certified or formally agreed or signatory by companies. Operations strategy performance information could be addressed to a set of evolutionary performance indicators, which could represent sustainability present performance, and also could orient companies in reaching higher performance levels according to a preset maturity trajectory. The objective of this paper is to develop a process for generating an integrated set of performance measures for managing sustainability at value chain or operations system level. An applied research was conducted based on action research approach, operationalized by Cambridge process or engineering approach, and managed in research process management cycle. Performance measures are formally and detailed defined as metadata. Process application not only allows a better understanding on how sustainability indicators could be integrated and related to a maturity model, but also created an information system that could be used for auditing, assessment and reporting sustainability performance.
Determinants of Efficient Risk Allocation in Privately Financed Public Infrastructure Projects in Australia

Risk allocation in privately financed public infrastructure projects, which are mainly referred to as public-private partnership (PPP) projects, is a challenging job due to the nature of incomplete contracting. An investigation into the mechanism that guides the formation of efficient risk allocation strategies is thus desirable. Drawing on the transaction cost economics and resource-based view of organizational capability, this paper has identified five main features of the transactions associated with risk allocation in PPP projects. They include partners’ risk management routine, partners’ risk management mechanism, partners’ cooperation history, risk management environmental uncertainty, and partners’ risk management commitment. For achieving cost efficiency, different risk allocation strategies may suit different conditions of the features. Accordingly, a theoretical framework and five hypotheses were proposed for testing. Data collected in an industrywide survey were analyzed using multiple linear r.