Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mutations in the Retinoblastoma-related Gene RB 2 / p 130 in Primary Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

In a recent issue of Cancer Research, Claudio et al. (1) reported the presence of mutations within exons of the RB2/p130gene in NPC. 1 In their report concerning NPC, the authors found mutations in 3 of 10 (30%) primary tumors examined. Of interest was the fact that some of the samples contained multiple frameshift mutations within different exons (1). The authors conclude that multiple hot spots may be present in this gene, which may be important for NPC carcinogenesis. We have undertaken an examination of 20 primary NPC tumors of Chinese origin and two NPC-derived cell lines (Hone 1-2 and HK-1) and subjected them to single strand conformational polymorphism analysis using the same primers and methodology as described by the authors (1). Surprisingly, no mutations were observed using single strand conformational polymorphism for any of the NPCs examined. In light of this discovery, we examined the report by Claudio et al. (1) in more detail. A closer examination of the mutation chromatograms presented in Fig. 1, which is published in the report, makes one doubtful of the validity of the “mutations. ” All of the “mutations” shown have accompanying peaks (see arrows) in one way or another, which should not be considered as “mutations” but rather as background artifacts. We have also consulted independent experts who shared our opinion. In view of the lack of support for the important findings that the authors have claimed and the fact that their results are now being quoted in high-quality papers (2), we feel that there is an urgency to resolve this issue. Interestingly, doubts about the validation process of the mutations by the same group in a separate paper (3) have also risen from an analysis of lung tumors by Modi et al. (4). In this report, the authors examined a large number of lung tumors for the expression of RBrelated gene family proteins. Their results showed that only full-length protein was present in all primary tumors examined. Their result was in contrast to the results for lung tumors presented by Giordano’s research group in this journal (3). According to this report, mutations involving point mutations, frameshifts, and stop codons were present in 78.5% of tumors. Using the methodology and primers from this report, Modiet al. (4) then tested for mutations in 11 lung cancer cell lines. They detected wild-type RB2 sequence from exons 19, 20, and 22 from all of the cell lines. However, using the forward primer to sequence from the exon 21 PCR products, Modi et al. (4) found multiple, heterozygous missense alterations distributed equally among the exon and intron sequences for all 11 cell lines. This could not be confirmed using the reverse primer, and cloning of the PCR product followed by sequencing using a vector sequencing primer (T7) also found no mutations. Modiet al. (4) conclude that the mutations presented for lung tumors by Claudio et al. (3) in fact represent a suboptimal analysis rather than true mutations per se.
Observational Cosmology With Semi-Relativistic Stars

Galaxy mergers lead to the formation of massive black hole binaries which can accelerate background stars close to the speed of light. We estimate the comoving density of ejected stars with a peculiar velocity in excess of $0.1c$ or $0.5c$ to be $\sim 10^{10}$ and $10^5$ Gpc$^{-3}$ respectively, in the present-day Universe. Semi-relativistic giant stars will be detectable with forthcoming telescopes out to a distance of a few Mpc, where their proper motion, radial velocity, and age, can be spectroscopically measured. In difference from traditional cosmological messengers, such as photons, neutrinos, or cosmic-rays, these stars shine and so their trajectories need not be directed at the observer for them to be detected. Tracing the stars to their parent galaxies as a function of speed and age will provide a novel test of the equivalence principle and the standard cosmological parameters. Semi-relativistic stars could also flag black hole binaries as gravitational wave sources for the future eLISA observatory.
Potential Nephroprotectice Effect of Curcumin against Gentamicin Induced Nephrotoxicity : An Experimental Study In Rats

Background: Nephrotoxicity is a serious & common side effect of aminoglycoside and is induced by generation of reactive oxygen species. Emerging evidence reveals that curcumin possesses antioxidant activity, therefore, this research was undertaken to evaluate the potential protective effects of curcumin in amiloration of nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin in male rats.Materials and Methods:Eighteen male Spraque-Dawley rats were included in this study. They were divided randomly into three equal groups (six rats each). Groups I (Control) received only normal saline i.p, Groups II (GN) received gentamicin (100 mg/kg/day), Group III (GN+CUR) received a combination treatment gentamicin (100 mg/kg/day, i.p) & curcumin (200 mg/kg/day p.o). The duration of treatment was eight days and at the end of the study, animals were sacrificed and the blood sample was collected for assessment of renal function, blood urea & serum creatinine. Both kidneys were removed and prepared for a histopathology examination.Results: blood urea and creatinine were significantly higher (P < .05) in gentamycin treated group (group II) as compared to the control group (group I). However, the levels of these parameters in group 3 (co-treatment of gentamicin and curcumin) were significantly lower than those in group 2 (P < .05). Further, the histological score of renal damage was higher in the gentamicin group than in the control group. Combination treatment of curcumin and gentamicin (groupIII) significantly attenuated the histopathological damage.Conclusion: Curcumin attenuated gentamicin-induced renal injury in rats’ models.
Nuclear Respiratory Factor 1 Activation Sites in Genes Encoding the y-Subunit of ATP S : ynthase , Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 a , and Tyrosine Aminotrahsferase

Transcription factor nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1) was originally identified as an activator of the cytochrome c gene and subeequently found to stimulate transcription through s-ific sites in other nuclear genes whose products function in the mitochondria. These include subunits of the cytochrome oxidase and reductase complexes and ‘a component of the mitochondrial DNA replication pachinery. Here we establish that a functional recoeition site for NRF-1 is present in the ATP synthase ytsubunit gene extending the proposed respiratory role of NRF1 to complex V. In addition, biologically active NRF-1 sites are found in genes encoding the eukaryotic translation i itiation factor 2 a-subunit and tyrosine aminotransferase, both of which participate in the r+-limiting step of their respective pathways of proteia biosynthesis and tyrosine catabolism. The recognition sites from each of these genes form identical cobplexes with NRF-1 as established by competition binbing assays, methylation interference footprinting, and ;UV-induced DNA crosslinking. Cloned oligomers of each NRF-1 binding site also stimulate the activity of 4 truncated cytochrome c promoter in transfected cells. the NRF-1 binding activities for the various target ites copurified approximately 33,000-fold and resic$d in a single protein of 68 kDa. These observations fyrther support a role for NRF-1 in the expression of nyclear respiratory genes and suggest it may help coordlnate respiratory metabolism with other biosynthetia and degradative pathways.
Simpson, Siobhan and Edwards, Jennifer and Ferguson-Mignan, Thomas F.N. and Cobb, Malcolm and Mongan, Nigel P. and Rutland, Catrin S. (2015) Genetics of human and canine dilated cardiomyopathy. International Journal of Genomics, 2015 (204823). pp.

Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death in both humans and dogs. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) accounts for a large number of these cases, reported to be the third most common form of cardiac disease in humans and the second most common in dogs. In human studies of DCM there are more than 50 genetic loci associated with the disease. Despite canine DCM having similar disease progression to human DCM studies into the genetic basis of canine DCM lag far behind those of human DCM. In this review the aetiology, epidemiology, and clinical characteristics of canine DCM are examined, along with highlighting possible different subtypes of canine DCM and their potential relevance to human DCM. Finally the current position of genetic research into canine and human DCM, including the genetic loci, is identified and the reasons many studies may have failed to find a genetic association with canine DCM are reviewed.
Efficient Thermoelectric Materials Based on Solid Solutions of Mg 2 X Compounds (X = Si, Ge, Sn) Efficient Thermoelectric Materials Based on Solid Solutions of Mg 2 X Compounds (X = Si, Ge, Sn)

The silicides have obvious attractive characteristics that make them promising materials as thermoelectric energy converters. The constituting elements are abundant and have low price, many of compounds have good high temperature stability. Therefore, considerable efforts have been made, especially in the past 10 years, in order to develop efficient silicide-based thermoelectric materials. These efforts have culminated in creation of Mg 2 (Si-Sn) n-type thermoelectric alloys with proven maximum thermoelectric figure of merit ZT of 1.3. This success is based on combination of two approaches to maximize the thermoelectric performance: the band structure engineering and the alloying. In this chapter, we review data on crystal and electronic structure as well as on the thermoelectric properties of Mg 2 X compounds and their solid solutions.
REVISED VERSION 1 Prevalence, development, and molecular mechanisms of bacteriocin resistance in 2 Campylobacter 3

Bacteriocins (BCNs) are antimicrobial peptides produced by bacteria with narrow or 3 broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. Recently, several unique anti- Campylobacter BCNs 4 have been identified in commensal bacteria isolated from chicken intestine. These BCNs 5 dramatically reduced C. jejuni colonization in poultry and are being directed toward on-farm 6 control of Campylobacter . However, no information exists concerning prevalence, development, 7 and mechanisms of BCN resistance in Campylobacter . In this study, susceptibilities of 137 C. 8 jejuni and 20 C. coli isolates to the anti- Campylobacter BCNs OR-7 and E-760 were examined. 9 Only one C. coli strain displayed resistance to the BCNs (MIC = 64 µ g/ml) while others were 10 susceptible with MIC ranging from 0.25 to 4 µ g /ml. The C. coli mutants resistant to BCN OR- 11 7 also were obtained by in vitro selection but all displayed only low-level resistance to OR-7 12 (MIC = 8 to 16 µ g /ml). The acquired BCN resistance in C. coli could be transferred at intra- and 13 inter-species levels among Campylobacter by biphasic natural transformation. Genomic 14 examination of the OR-7 resistant mutants using DNA microarray and random transposon 15 mutagenesis revealed that the multidrug efflux pump CmeABC contributes to both intrinsic and 16 acquired resistance to the BCNs. Together, this study represents the first report and a major step 17 forward in understanding BCN resistance in Campylobacter , which will facilitate the 18 development of effective BCN-based strategies to reduce the Campylobacter load in poultry. and molecular mechanisms of BCN resistance in Campylobacter using molecular and genomic 1 approaches. Our findings strongly suggest that there is limited likelihood in the way of resistance 2 development for the anti- Campylobacter BCNs, such as OR-7 and E-760. Microarray and 3 random transposon mutagenesis studies indicated that the multidrug efflux pump CmeABC 4 contributes to intrinsic resistance of Campylobacter to the BCNs. In addition, CmeABC efflux 5 pump also work synergistically with other BCN resistance mechanisms to confer acquired BCN 6 resistance in Campylobacter . response to treatment to determine the in vivo stability of BCN resistance of the molecular basis of in Campylobacter may us to develop more sustainable and effective BCN-based intervention strategies against Campylobacter colonization in chickens. In this study, we revealed that active transport 6 of multidrug efflux pump CmeABC confers resistance to BCN in Campylobacter Thus, 7 inhibition of this pump by efflux pump inhibitors will significantly increase susceptibility of 8 Campylobacter to Previous studies have
Effects of chronic methamphetamine administration on the striatal functional connectivity in Cynomolgus monkeys: a preliminary study Associated with Acamprosate Treatment Outcome

may in this suggests Abstract It is reported chronic methamphetamine (MA) use has reper-cussions for the behavioral and neuropsychological aspects. The repeated MA use is associated with altered activation and decreased dopamine concentrations in the striatum, which may contribute to addiction. The aim of the current study is to investigate the changes of the resting-state functional connectivity of the as consequences of chronic administration of MA in nonhuman Abstract The recent development of smartphone has brought about a radical change in the social life. These changes have brought enormous convenience to the modern society, but considering that smartphones are sharing most aspects of the Internet, the addiction to smartphones is highly likely to cause physical and psychosocial problems as well as Internet addiction. The aim of this study is to investigate altered brain functional connectivity in adolescent who overuse their smartphones (SUD) compared with normal control adolescents (NC). with smartphone addiction (mean = 13.45 ± 0.94) and 22 age-matched normal controls (mean = 13.47 ± 1.00) were recruited for fMRI experiments. The groups were classified according to Smartphone Addiction scale (SAS) and The SAS consists of 15 items, which are four-point Likert scale (1: Not at all to 4: Always). A high-resolution T1-weighted MRI data set was obtained from subjects using a Siemens MAGNETOM Verio 3.0T MRI scan-ner with an 8-channel SENSE head coil. For the resting state fMRI scanning, subjects were asked to fixate a cross during resting state without movement for 6 minutes 40 seconds. 200 EPI images were acquired and 5 images were discarded for equilib-rium. For the spatial preprocessing of the EPI images, we applied realigning, coregistering, normalizing and smoothing one by one. In addition, temporal band-pass filtering to the smoothed data, detrending the globally increasing tendency and regress-ing out the motion parameters and the effects from the white matter and cerebral spinal fluid are applied. Then, we analyzed the functional connectivity based on the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) by calculating the Pearson’s correlation coefficients of the time series. In the result, Inferior parietal lobule showed different functional connectivity with two groups. Compared with NC, adolescents with SUD showed decreased functional connectivity in the anterior insula and primary motor cortex. Error! Reference source not found. These results suggest that SUD adolescents’ brain was functionally altered from NC adolescents’ brain in the resting state.
foods Bioactive Phenolics and Antioxidant Capacity of Some Wild Edible Greens as A ﬀ ected by Di ﬀ erent Cooking Treatments

: The study aimed to assess the inﬂuence of three cooking methods (boiling, steaming, and microwave-cooking) on (i) composition in individual phenolic compounds, (ii) total phenolic content (TPC), and (iii) total antioxidant activity (TAA) of eight Mediterranean wild edible species ( Asparagus acutifolius , Asphodeline lutea , Beta vulgaris , Helminthotheca echioides , Sonchus oleraceus , Taraxacum o ﬃ cinale , Urospermum picroides , Urtica dioica ). 1,5-and 3,5-dica ﬀ eoylquinic acids) and ﬂavonoids (glycosides of apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, isorhamnetin, kaempferol) were identiﬁed. Cooking treatments did not a ﬀ ect qualitative phenolic composition, while quantitative changes were recorded in some phenolic compounds and in TPC. Generally, boiling decreased TPC and TAA, while chicoric, caftaric, chlorogenic acids and quercetin-3-rutinoside increased in some species after steaming and microwave-cooking, showing positive correlation with TAA. Results conﬁrmed steaming and microwave-cooking as mild procedures able to increase antioxidant capacity of some species, producing beneﬁcial e ﬀ ects on their nutraceutical properties.
On the non-planar β -deformed N = 4 super-Yang-Mills theory

The β -deformation is one of the two superconformal deformations of the N = 4 super-Yang-Mills theory. At the planar level it shares all of its properties except for supersymmetry, which is broken to the minimal amount. The tree-level amplitudes of this theory exhibit new features which depart from the commonly assumed properties of gauge theories with ﬁelds in the adjoint representation. We analyze in detail complete one-amplitudes and a nonplanar two-loop amplitude of this theory and show that, despite having only N = 1 supersymmetry, the two-loop amplitudes have a further-improved ultraviolet behavior. This phenomenon is a counterpart of a similar improvement previously observed in the double-trace amplitude of the N = 4 super-Yang-Mills theory at three and four loop order and points to the existence of additional structure in both the deformed and undeformed theories.
Anesthetic Preconditioning Enhances Ca 2 (cid:1) Handling and Mechanical and Metabolic Function Elicited by Na (cid:1) –Ca 2 (cid:1) Exchange Inhibition in Isolated Hearts

Background: Anesthetic preconditioning (APC) is well known to protect against myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury. Studies also show the beneﬁt of Na (cid:1) –Ca 2 (cid:1) exchange inhibition on ischemia–reperfusion injury. The authors tested whether APC plus Na (cid:1) –Ca 2 (cid:1) exchange inhibitors given just on reperfusion affords additive protection in intact hearts. Methods: Cytosolic [Ca 2 (cid:1) ] was measured by ﬂuorescence at the left ventricular wall of guinea pig isolated hearts using indo-1 dye. Sarcoplasmic reticular Ca 2 (cid:1) -cycling proteins, i.e. , Ca 2 (cid:1) release channel (ryanodine receptor [RyR2]), sarcoplasmic reticular Ca 2 (cid:1) -pump adenosine triphosphatase (SERCA2a), and phospholamban were measured by Western blots. Hearts were assigned to seven groups (n (cid:2) 8 each): (1) time control; (2) ischemia; (3, 4) 10 (cid:3) M Na (cid:1) –Ca 2 (cid:1) exchange inhibitor KB-R7943 (KBR) or 1 (cid:3) M SEA0400 (SEA), given during the ﬁrst 10 min of reperfusion; (5) APC initiated by sevoﬂurane (2.2%, 0.41 (cid:4) 0.03 m M ) given for 15 min and washed out for 15 min before ischemia–reperfusion; (6, 7) APC plus KBR or SEA. Results: The authors found that APC reduced the increase in systolic [Ca 2 (cid:1) ], whereas KBR and SEA both reduced the increase in diastolic [Ca 2 (cid:1) ] on reperfusion. Each intervention improved recovery of left ventricular function. Moreover, APC plus KBR or SEA afforded better functional recovery than APC, KBR, or SEA alone ( P < 0.05). Ischemia-reperfusion–induced degradation of major sarcoplasmic reticular Ca 2 (cid:1) -cycling proteins was attenuated by APC, but not by KBR or SEA. Conclusions: APC plus Na (cid:1) –Ca 2 (cid:1) exchange inhibition exerts additive protection in part by reducing systolic and diastolic Ca 2 (cid:1) overload, respectively, during ischemia–reperfusion. Less degradation of sarcoplasmic reticular Ca 2 (cid:1) -cycling proteins may also contribute to cardiac protection.
A Review Article on Green Inhibitors of Reinforcement Concrete Corrosion

: remature deterioration of reinforced concrete due to corrosion is a big problem worldwide as it leads to a significant loss of life and economy. Despite of several techniques, suitable methods to protect reinforced concrete from premature collapse is still a challenge. To combat this problem, use of corrosion inhibitors is one of the best methods considering its cost effectiveness as well as lower toxicity. A corrosion inhibitor is a chemical substance, when added in a suitable concentration to an environment reduces the corrosion rate of a metal exposed to that environment. Considering the importance of corrosion inhibitors, researchers are dedicated to develop new inhibitors using several techniques like novel laboratory synthetic methods, mixing of different inhibitors in a particular ratio to enhance their anticorrosion property, and most importantly extracting them from natural resources i.e by incorporating green inhibitors. Green inhibitors are ecofriendly and cost effective. They create minimum natural hazards to the environment. In reinforcement corrosion green inhibitor extracts are either added to concrete admixture or applied on the surface of hardened concrete in the form of a protective layer to prevent ingress of destructive species like oxygen, carbon-di-oxide, sulfate, chloride, and moisture. Their effectiveness is solely dependent on the property of their chemical constituents. In this review article we have specifically highlighted green inhibitors which are increasingly being used against reinforcement corrosion including their effectiveness in concrete environment with special mention to their mechanism of actions.
MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDY OF ISOLATED PHYTOCONSTITUENTS FROM BOUGAINVILLEA GLABRA AND MUCUNA PRURIENS

Cardiovascular diseases are common and result in much of mortality of people throughout the world. Myocardial infarction is particularly formidable in cardiovascular disease case. Natural products isolated from plants have played an imperative role in discovery of drugs against various diseases of heart. In silico docking techniques are being used to investigate the complementarily at the molecular level of a ligand and a protein target. Each of the natural compounds was docked with associated proteins individually, to determine the best binding affinity using Autodock4.2. Four different phytoconstituents like quercetin 3-β-D-glucoside, hesperetin 7-rutinoside, genistein 4-β-D-glucopyranoside and β-sitosterol β-D-glucoside were isolated from Bougainvillea glabra and Mucuna pruriens which were carried out for docking study. The present work was premeditated to assess the phytoconstituents based on their capability to bind with cardiovascular disarray receptors such as PKR1 (5KJY), C protein (1B09) and G Protein (3N7S). In the result, the compound quercetin 3-β-D-glucoside was found to possess highest binding affinity with energy of -8.582 towards the receptor PKR1 (Prokineticin receptor-1). Simultaneously, other ligands such as hesperetin-7-rutinoside (-7.037), genistein 4-β-D-glucopyranoside (-4.386) and β-sitosterol β-D-glucoside (-6.838) were shown low binding affinity towards the active site of the receptors like C protein (1B09), and G Protein (3N7S), respectively. The binding energy values towards Cprotein (1B09) for the ligands quercetin 3-β-D-glucoside, hesperetin-7-rutinoside, genistein 4-β-D-glucopyranoside and β-sitosterol β-D-glucoside were found to be -6.362, -5.071, -4.326 and -4.034 respectively. The binding energy values of all the ligands towards G protein (quercetin 3-β-D-glucoside -5.182, hesperetin-7-rutinoside -4.022, genistein 4-β-D-glucopyranoside -3.486 and β-sitosterol β-D-glucoside -3.123) were found to be comparatively less than other two receptors. Most of the drugs currently used for the treatment of heart related diseases produce side effects, and hence, study focused on plant-based compounds, which exhibit the less poisonous effect. In the current docking study a ligand quercetin 3-β-D-glucoside revealed the best fitness score with PKR1 (5KJY) receptor.