Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vibrationally dependent electron-electron interactions in resonant electron transport through single-molecule junctions

We investigate the role of electronic-vibrational coupling in resonant electron transport through single-molecule junctions, taking into account that the corresponding coupling strengths may depend on the charge and excitation state of the molecular bridge. In the presence of multiple electronic states, this requires to extend the commonly used model and include vibrationally dependent electron-electron interaction. We use Born-Markov master equation methods and consider selected models to exemplify the effect of the additional interaction on the transport characteristics of a single-molecule junction. In particular, we show that it has a significant influence on local cooling and heating mechanisms, may result in negative differential resistance, and cause pronounced asymmetries in the conductance map of a single-molecule junction.
Kaon Theory News

During the last fifteen years B_{s,d} decays, B_{s,d}^0-\bar B^0_{s,d} mixings, CP-violating asymmetries S_{\psi K_S} and S_{\psi\phi} provided the dominant information about the pattern of flavour violation within the SM and its extensions. We emphasize that in the coming years K meson physics will certainly strike back through the measurements of the branching ratios of theoretically very clean decays K^+->pi^+\nu\bar\nu and K_L->\pi^0\nu\bar\nu and improved calculations of the ratio epsilon'/epsilon=\epe. We summarize the status of K^+->pi^+\nu\bar\nu and K_L->\pi^0\nu\bar\nu within the SM and simplified NP models and update the picture of flavour violation in the Littlest Higgs model with T-parity taking all available constraints into account. But the highlight of this talk are new results on \epe from lattice QCD and large N approach that give a strong indication for a new anomaly in flavour physics, this time coming from K mesons. Indeed, \epe within the SM is found to be significantly below the data of NA48 and KTeV collaborations. Combining lattice results on the non-perturbative parameters B6 and B8 with the assumption that the SM dynamics dominates the Delta I=1/2 rule a 3 sigma anomaly in \epe emerges. Moreover, the recently derived upper bounds on B6 and B8 from large N approach increase the confidence that the found anomaly could be an important signal of NP at work. Of particular importance are the correlations between K^+->pi^+\nu\bar\nu, K_L->\pi^0\nu\bar\nu and \epe. With future precise measurements of K^+->pi^+\nu\bar\nu and K_L->\pi^0\nu\bar\nu and improved calculations of \epe they will surely provide powerful tools for selecting the favourite NP models. We illustrate this with the help of the LHT model and simplified models in which NP in K\to\pi\nu\bar\nu and \epe is governed by Z with flavour violating couplings or by a heavy Z'.
THE SPIN PARAMETER OF UNIFORMLY ROTATING COMPACT STARS

We study the dimensionless spin parameter j(=cJ/(GM2)) of uniformly rotating neutron stars and quark stars in general relativity. We show numerically that the maximum value of the spin parameter of a neutron star rotating at the Keplerian frequency is jmax ∼ 0.7 for a wide class of realistic equations of state. This upper bound is insensitive to the mass of the neutron star if the mass of the star is larger than about 1 M☉. On the other hand, the spin parameter of a quark star modeled by the MIT bag model can be larger than unity and does not have a universal upper bound. Its value also depends strongly on the bag constant and the mass of the star. Astrophysical implications of our finding will be discussed.
CHANDRA/ACIS-I STUDY OF THE X-RAY PROPERTIES OF THE NGC 6611 AND M16 STELLAR POPULATIONS

Mechanisms regulating the origin of X-rays in young stellar objects and the correlation with their evolutionary stage are under debate. Studies of the X-ray properties in young clusters allow us to understand these mechanisms. One ideal target for this analysis is the Eagle Nebula (M16), with its central cluster NGC 6611. At 1750 pc from the Sun, it harbors 93 OB stars, together with a population of low-mass stars from embedded protostars to disk-less Class III objects, with age ⩽3 Myr. We study an archival 78 ks Chandra/ACIS-I observation of NGC 6611 and two new 80 ks observations of the outer region of M16, one centered on the Column V and the other on a region of the molecular cloud with ongoing star formation. We detect 1755 point sources with 1183 candidate cluster members (219 disk-bearing and 964 disk-less). We study the global X-ray properties of M16 and compare them with those of the Orion Nebula Cluster. We also compare the level of X-ray emission of Class II and Class III stars and analyze the X-ray spectral properties of OB stars. Our study supports the lower level of X-ray activity for the disk-bearing stars with respect to the disk-less members. The X-ray luminosity function (XLF) of M16 is similar to that of Orion, supporting the universality of the XLF in young clusters. Eighty-five percent of the O stars of NGC 6611 have been detected in X-rays. With only one possible exception, they show soft spectra with no hard components, indicating that mechanisms for the production of hard X-ray emission in O stars are not operating in NGC 6611.
Fault-Tolerant Multiplayer Tracking Control for Autonomous Vehicle via Model-Free Adaptive Dynamic Programming

This article investigates the completely unknown autonomous vehicle tracking issues with actuator faults through model-free adaptive dynamic programming (MFADP) approaches. Because partial parameters are measured difficultly or inaccurately, the model-based control theories are imperfect for the vehicles. Therefore, the proposed multiplayer optimal control method in this work, which is not necessary to know the prior system knowledge, achieves the purpose of unknown vehicle tracking control via a novel MFADP theory. Besides, the control strategies are robust, which contain adaptive regulators to eliminate the disturbance of the vehicle systems caused by actuator faults, modeling errors, and curvature interference. To reduce the computational burden of control, a single neural network (NN) architecture is constructed with minimal computational cost and fast response speed. In addition, the convergence analysis of the NN structure, the stability and robustness analysis of identification, and the control schemes in this work are supplied. Finally, two driving scenario simulations are shown to prove the effectiveness of the established controller.
Deforming the Maxwell-Sim algebra

The Maxwell algebra is a non-central extension of the Poincare algebra, in which the momentum generators no longer commute, but satisfy (P�;P�) = Z�� . The charges Z�� commute with the momenta, and transform tensorially under the action of the angular momentum generators. If one constructs an action for a massive particle, invariant under these symmetries, one finds that it satisfies the equations of motion of a charged particle interacting with a constant electromagnetic field via the Lorentz force. In this paper, we explore the analogous constructions where one starts instead with the ISim subalgebra of Poincare, this being the symmetry algebra of Very Special Relativity. It admits an analogous non-central extension, and we find that a particle action invariant under this Maxwell-Sim algebra again describes a particle subject to the ordinary Lorentz force. One can also deform the ISim algebra to DISimb, where b is a non-trivial dimensionless parameter. We find that the motion described by an action invariant under the corresponding Maxwell- DISim algebra is that of a particle interacting via a Finslerian modification of the Lorentz force. In an appendix is it shown that the DISimb algebra is isomorphic to the extended
Which galaxy property is the best indicator of its host dark matter halo properties

In this work we investigate the link between galaxy velocity dispersion, mass and other properties (color, morphology) with the properties of dark matter halos by comparing the clustering of galaxies at both fixed mass and velocity dispersion. We use the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to define a volume limited sample of massive galaxies complete in both stellar mass (>6e10 Msun) and velocity dispersion (>75 km/s). Using this sample we show that at fixed velocity dispersion there is no dependence of the clustering amplitude on stellar or dynamical mass. Conversely when stellar or dynamical mass are fixed there is a clear dependence of the clustering amplitude on velocity dispersion with higher dispersion galaxies showing a higher clustering amplitude. We also show that whilst when stellar or dynamical mass are fixed there remains a dependence of clustering amplitude on morphology, there is no such dependency when dispersion is fixed. However, we do see a dependence of the clustering amplitude on color when both mass and dispersion are fixed. Despite this, even when we restrict our samples to only elliptical or red galaxies the relationship between dispersion and clustering amplitude at fixed mass remains. It seems likely that the residual correlation with color is driven by satellite galaxies in massive halos being redder at fixed dispersion. The lack of a similar morphology dependence implies that the mechanism turning satellites red is not changing their morphology. Our central result is that velocity dispersion is more closely related to the clustering amplitude of galaxies than either stellar or dynamical mass. This implies that velocity dispersion is more tightly correlated with the halo properties that determine clustering, either halo mass or age, and supports the notion that the star formation history of a galaxy is more closely related to its halo properties than its overall mass.
Indications, Surgical Techniques and Results of Breast Oncoplasty in West Africa, Case of Burkina Faso

Objective: To describe the indications, surgical techniques and results of breast oncoplasty. Patients and methods: Retrospective and descriptive study of oncoplastic breast surgery performed between January 2013 and March 2021. We were interested in the indications, techniques, and aesthetic and oncological results. Overall survival was assessed by the Kaplan Meier technique and survival comparisons by logRank. Aesthetic results and quality of life were assessed by the modified BREAST-Q questionnaire. Results: We report 64 cases of oncoplastic breast surgery in Ouagadougou, that is 6.9% of the 917 surgeries performed for breast cancers. We performed 14 Round Block for upper quadrant carcinomas. Eight external oncoplasties were performed for infiltrating ductal carcinomas of the external quadrants. The upper pedicle technique was performed in 19 cases and the Thorek amputation graft technique in 13 cases for lower quadrant carcinomas with macromastia and major ptosis. The supero-postero-internal pedicle technique help to avoid necrosis and amputation of the nipple in 8 cases. The 5-year overall survival was 90.5%. The patients were satisfied with the volume of the remaining breasts and their aesthetic appearance. Conclusion: Oncoplasty is increasingly performed in Burkina Faso. It should take its place with the recent advent of radiotherapy in our country. A larger cohort will better describe its results.
Social Network Analysis of Nonprofits in Disaster Response: The Case of Twitter During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States

The COVID-19 pandemic has created complex problems that require organizations to collaborate within and across the sector line. Social media data can provide insights into how nonprofits interact for the pandemic response from both social network and geographical perspectives. This study innovatively investigated the connection and interaction patterns among 74 National Voluntary Organizations Active in Disaster (NVOAD) nonprofits and three government agencies based on structural analyses and content analyses of their Twitter communications during the long-term global COVID-19 pandemic. The daily tweeting quantities of all nonprofits were generally consistent with the pandemic severity in the United States before July 2020 and remained stable afterward. Nonprofits’ tweets can reflect their purposes of sharing information, building communities, and taking actions for disaster response. Government agencies played leadership roles in providing COVID-19 guidelines and information. Human services, International and Foreign Affairs, and Public and Societal Benefit nonprofits, especially American Red Cross played central roles in the nonprofit communication network. Possible explanations include the following: (1) Geographically, connections and interactions among nonprofits are more likely to happen within the same city or in neighboring states. (2) Both mission homophily and heterophily contribute to connections and interactions among nonprofits, depending on their subsectors. The findings not only help the public better understand how nonprofits are collaboratively fighting the pandemic, but also provide guidance for nonprofits to plan for better interactions and communications in future disaster response.
Photosynthesis in Response to Different Salinities and Immersions of Two Native Rhizophoraceae Mangroves

Mangrove ecosystems are vulnerable to rising sea levels as the plants are exposed to high salinity and tidal submergence. The ways in which these plants respond to varying salinities, immersion depths, and levels of light irradiation are poorly studied. To understand photosynthesis in response to salinity and submergence in mangroves acclimated to different tidal elevations, two-year-old seedlings of two native mangrove species, Kandelia obovata and Rhizophora stylosa, were treated at different salinity concentrations (0, 10, and 30 part per thousand, ppt) with and without immersion conditions under fifteen photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD μmol photon·m−2·s−1). The photosynthetic capacity and the chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) parameters of both species were measured. We found that under different PPFDs, electron transport rate (ETR) induction was much faster than photosynthetic rate (Pn) induction, and Pn was restricted by stomatal conductance (Gs). The Pn of the immersed K. obovata plants increased, indicating that this species is immersed-tolerant, whereas the Pn level of the R. stylosa plants is salt-tolerant with no immersion. All of the plants treated with 30 ppt salinity exhibited lower Pn but higher non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and heat quenching (D) values, followed by increases in the excess energy and photoprotective effects. Since NPQ or D can be easily measured in the field, these values provide a useful ecological monitoring index that may provide a reference for mangrove restoration, habitat creation, and ecological monitoring.
A Study on Millimeter-Wave Magneto-Electric Dipole Phased Arrays for 5G Dual-Band Applications

Beam steering characteristics of millimeter-wave substrate-integrated magneto-electric (ME) dipole phased arrays with large sizes are investigated in this article. The formation mechanism of the guided waves traveling along the planar ME-dipole array geometry is revealed with the use of a linear array model in simulation, which not only provides an effective method of predicting the blind angles for the ME-dipole phased arrays but also confirms the superior wide-angle scanning performance of the arrays. An 8 × 8 ME-dipole phased array is then designed, fabricated, and tested, whose measured beam scanning range without the blindness in both the E- and H-planes is ±60° over the frequency range between 23.5 and 27.5 GHz and is ±50° over the range between 27.5 and 29.5 GHz. A gain of up to 23.6 dBi and stable radiation patterns are also achieved. With the simple single-layered configuration and the wide-angle scanning ability over the wide operating band of 22.6%, the ME-dipole phased array would be an attractive candidate for the millimeter-wave dual-band applications in the fifth generation (5G) mobile communications.
Limits of strain compensation in MQW InGaAsP/InP 1.5 /spl mu/m lasers

The authors consider strain compensation for typical multiple quantum well (MQW) laser structures using an energy balance model and determine the theoretical limitations of structural stability based on uncompensated reliability data from the literature. Strain compensation is the technique used to balance tensile and compressive forces in alternating layers to render the stack strain neutral. Strain compensation must be given careful consideration in the design and synthesis of strain neutral structures. Strain compensation holds the promise of reduced defect densities with enhanced stability and should permit very highly strained QW optoelectronic devices to be fabricated which are predicted to have considerably enhanced performance and reliability. <<ETX>>
Quantum annealing correction with minor embedding

Quantum annealing provides a promising route for the development of quantum optimization devices, but the usefulness of such devices will be limited in part by the range of implementable problems as dictated by hardware constraints. To overcome constraints imposed by restricted connectivity between qubits, a larger set of interactions can be approximated using minor embedding techniques whereby several physical qubits are used to represent a single logical qubit. However, minor embedding introduces new types of errors due to its approximate nature. We introduce and study quantum annealing correction schemes designed to improve the performance of quantum annealers in conjunction with minor embedding, thus leading to a hybrid scheme defined over an encoded graph. We argue that this scheme can be efficiently decoded using an energy minimization technique provided the density of errors does not exceed the per-site percolation threshold of the encoded graph. We test the hybrid scheme using a D-Wave Two processor on problems for which the encoded graph is a 2-level grid and the Ising model is known to be NP-hard. The problems we consider are frustrated Ising model problem instances with "planted" (a priori known) solutions. Applied in conjunction with optimized energy penalties and decoding techniques, we find that this approach enables the quantum annealer to solve minor embedded instances with significantly higher success probability than it would without error correction. Our work demonstrates that quantum annealing correction can and should be used to improve the robustness of quantum annealing not only for natively embeddable problems, but also when minor embedding is used to extend the connectivity of physical devices.
THE HIERARCHY PROBLEM, RADION MASS, LOCALIZATION OF GRAVITY AND 4D EFFECTIVE NEWTONIAN POTENTIAL IN STRING THEORY ON S1/Z2

In this paper, we present a systematical study of braneworlds of string theory on S1/Z2. In particular, starting with the toroidal compactification of the Neveu–Schwarz/Neveu–Schwarz sector in D + d dimensions, we first obtain an effective D-dimensional action, and then compactify one of the D - 1 spatial dimensions by introducing two orbifold branes as its boundaries. We divide the whole set of the gravitational and matter field equations into two groups, one holds outside the two branes, and the other holds on them. By combining the Gauss–Codacci and Lanczos equations, we write down explicitly the general gravitational field equations on each of the two branes, while using distribution theory we express the matter field equations on the branes in terms of the discontinuities of the first derivatives of the matter fields. Afterwards, we address three important issues: (i) the hierarchy problem; (ii) the radion mass; and (iii) the localization of gravity, the four-dimensional Newtonian effective potential and the Yukawa corrections due to the gravitational high-order Kaluza–Klein (KK) modes. The mechanism of solving the hierarchy problem is essentially the combination of the large extra dimension and warped factor mechanisms together with the tension coupling scenario. With very conservative arguments, we find that the radion mass is of the order of 10-2 GeV. The gravity is localized on the visible brane, and the spectrum of the gravitational KK modes is discrete and can be of the order of TeV. The corrections to the four-dimensional Newtonian potential from the higher order of gravitational KK modes are exponentially suppressed and can be safely neglected in current experiments. In an appendix, we also present a systematical and pedagogical study of the Gauss–Codacci equations and Israel's junction conditions across a (D - 1)-dimensional hypersurface, which can be either spacelike or timelike.
Social Contact Patterns Associated With Tuberculosis: A Case-control Study in Southwest Iran

Objectives Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern worldwide. Social contact patterns can affect the epidemiology and risk of airborne diseases such as TB. This study was designed to investigate the social contact patterns associated with TB. Methods In this case-control study, groups of participants with and without TB were matched by age and sex. Participants reported the nature, location, frequency, and average duration of social contacts over 1 month. The duration and number of social and spatial contacts were compared between groups using the chi-square test and the t-test. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to quantify the relationship between social contact time and TB status. Data were analyzed using Stata version 11 statistical software. A p-value of <0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Results In this study, 80 patients with TB and 172 control participants were included, and a total of 3545 social contacts were registered. Social contact with family members (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.10 to 2.40), contact with a person with TB (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.16 to 2.01), and contact at the participant’s home (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.19 to 1.82) were significantly associated with TB status. Conclusions The duration of long-term social contact, rather than the number of contacts, may be the main contact-related factor associated with TB transmission in this population. The focus of contact-tracing efforts should be on finding and treating both family members and long-term contacts in non-household settings.
Learning edge importance in bipartite graph-based recommendations

In this work, we propose the P3 Learning to Rank (P3LTR) model, a generalization of the RP3Beta graph-based recommendation method. In our approach, we learn the importance of user-item relations based on features that are usually available in online recommendations (such as types of user-item past interactions and timestamps). We keep the simplicity and explainability of RP3Beta predictions. We report the improvements of P3LTR over RP3Beta on the OLX Jobs Interactions dataset, which we published.
Analytic dilation for Laplacians on manifolds with corners of codimension 2

The analytic dilation method was originally used in the context of many body Schr\"odinger operators. In this paper we adapt it to the context of compatible Laplacians on complete manifolds with corners of codimension two. As in the original setting of application we show that the method allows us to: First, meromorphically extend the matrix elements associated to analytic vectors. Second, to prove absence of singular spectrum. Third, to find a discrete set that contains the accumulation points of the pure point spectrum, and finally, it provides a theory of quantum resonances. Apart from these results, we win also a deeper understanding of the essential spectrum of compatible Laplacians on complete manifolds with corners of codimension 2.