Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quadratic complexity of binary sequences

The linear complexity of a binary sequences is an important attribute in applications such as secure communications. In this article we introduce the concept of quadratic complexity of a binary sequences. It is shown that this complexity measure is closely linked to the theory of primitive Reed-Muller codes. Making use of the parity-check polynomial h(x) of a Reed-Muller code, a new algorithm for the computation of the quadratic complexity profile of a sequence is developed. Experimental results confirm the close resemblance between expected theoretical and practical behaviour.
How cesium dialysis affects the passive properties of pyramidal neurons: implications for voltage clamp studies of persistent sodium current

In order to accurately understand and model neuronal integration in the brain, we must know the biophysical properties of channels that are located far from the soma, in the axonal and dendritic membranes of central nerve cells. Reliable electrophysiological measurements in these regions are difficult to obtain, because the processes are too tiny to directly study with an electrode. One common strategy is to record with a somatic electrode that contains Cs+, to dialyze the intracellular space with this K+ channel blocker, and thereby to render the neuron electrotonically compact. Does this work? Here, we combine the experimental and modeling techniques to determine the extent to which a whole-cell voltage clamp, established with a Cs+-containing pipette in the soma of a cortical pyramidal cell, attains adequate voltage control of distal neuronal processes. We focus on the low-voltage-activated, slowly inactivating ‘persistent’ Na+ current (INaP), that plays a crucial role in determining neuronal excitability and synaptic integration.
The mechanism of bubble detachment from a wall at zero and negative gravity

An experiment has been carried out in which air bubbles were caused to grow isothermally at a vertical wall between two closely spaced horizontal plates. The experiment gives an approximate representation in two dimensions for the growth of a vapour bubble at a wall under some conditions of subcooled boiling in zero gravity. Although the effect of gravity was virtually eliminated in the experiment, it was found that a bubble could still detach itself from the wall, apparently owing to the effects of surface tension and inertia. Also, bubbles were seen to detach from a wall despite the presence of a slight gravity force directed to oppose such detachment.
Recursive MMSE Channel Estimation for MIMO-OFDM Systems

Recursive minimum mean-square-error estimation (MMSE) with low-complexity computation is considered for on-line implementation of channel acquisition in multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems. The channel correlation matrix is estimated by three approaches respectively, i.e., averaging measurements, direct tracking signal subspace of measurements and iterative calculation from measurements. Simulations demonstrate that the MMSE-based algorithms will obtain higher accuracy than least square estimation and its recursive pattern. In comparison of the three approaches, it is shown that the method of tracking signal subspace of measurements, which can separate the measurement space into signal subspace and its orthogonal noise subspace, is comparable to optimal MMSE estimation.
Too many nasal verbs: dialect variation in the voice system of Sasak

Like other western Indonesian languages, all variet ies of Sasak have verbs that carry a nasal prefix (also called ‘nasal verbs’, Arka 1998, 2003, 2009) and verbs that lack such a prefix (also called ‘oral verbs’ or ‘zero verbs’). Sasak s hows four morphologically distinct kinds of nasal prefixes with varying functions. In some vari eties the nasal-zero contrast has syntactic relevance relating to cross-clausal ‘pivot’ choice. In others, the contrast is related to different semantic-pragmatic interpretations of the Agent NP and non-agentlike NP in a two-argument clause, or to the way a state of affairs is being p ortrayed. Additionally, northern Sasak has nasal prefixes in constructions that in other varie ties require different morphology, unconnected with the nasal-oral distinction. This paper explores the distribution of nasal-pref ix verbs in a range of varieties of Sasak, using data from elicitation, narratives, con versations and experiments to determine how these different varieties employ nasal-prefix v erbs and which functions such verbs carry out.
Ultrafast bandgap photonics for IR directional countermeasures and low observables

Ultrafast Bandgap Photonics is discussed as an alternative technology for laser-based Directional IR Counter Measures (DIRCM). Ultra-fast laser is capable of providing fundamentally different type of countermeasure which is able to counter all generations of heat-seeking missiles. Ultrafast Bandgap Photonic technology is compatible with existing laser based DIRCM pointing systems as it requires much less energy per pulse and peak power than damage inducing systems. A foundation of ultra-fast technology is its ability to remotely alter seeker characteristics. In this paper, we will consider the effects caused by relatively low energy per pulse ultra-fast and, to some extent, fast lasers.
A nonreflecting boundary condition for discrete acoustic and elastic wave equations

One of the nagging problems which arises in application of discrete solution methods for wave‐propagation calculations is the presence of reflections or wraparound from the boundaries of the numerical mesh. These undesired events eventually override the actual seismic signals which propagate in the modeled region. The solution to avoiding boundary effects used to be to enlarge the numerical mesh, thus delaying the side reflections and wraparound longer than the range of times involved in the modeling. Obviously this solution considerably increases the expense of computation. More recently, nonreflecting boundary conditions were introduced for the finite‐difference method (Clayton and Enquist, 1977; Reynolds, 1978). These boundary conditions are based on replacing the wave equation in the boundary region by one‐way wave equations which do not permit energy to propagate from the boundaries into the numerical mesh. This approach has been relatively successful, except that its effectiveness degrades for event.
Receiver Function Forward Modeling and Migration Based on the Wave‐Equation Finite Difference Method

We use the wave-equation finite difference algorithm to perform forward modeling and migration of receiver function. With help of concepts in exploration seismology, the equivalent velocity and traveltime equation are established, then the forward calculation and migration of receiver function are implemented by the wave-equation finite difference method. The numerical calculation indicates that imaging of point diffractor and dome structure can be accomplished with high accuracy employing poststack wave-equation finite difference migration. We also discuss the applicabilities of poststack finite difference migration and Kirchhoff migration to receiver function migration according to numerical results. Finally, the effects of velocity error on imaging are analyzed.
An Efficient Collision Queries in Parallel Close Proximity Situations

A collision query determines the intersection between given objects, and is used in computer-aided design and manu- facturing, animation and simulation systems, and physically-based modeling. Bounding volume hierarchies are one of the simplest and most widely used data structures for performing collision detection on complex models. In this paper, we present hierarchy of oriented rounded bounding volume for fast proximity queries. Designing hierarchies of new bounding volumes, we use to combine multiple bounding volume types in a single hierarchy. The new bounding volume corresponds to geometric shape composed of a core primitive shape grown outward by some offset such as the Minkowski sum of rectangular box and a sphere shape. In the experiment of parallel close proximity, a number of benchmarks to measure the performance of the new bounding box and compare to that of other bounding volumes.
Effect of auditory cuing on azimuthal localization accuracy

Auditory localization in the horizontal plane was measured following the presentation of a cue in order to explore whether attentional focus could improve localization accuracy. Subjects pointed to the heard location of a broadband target source that was presented (at a delay of either 50 or 300 ms) after a cue source. In half of the blocks of trials, the cue source came from the same (left/right) hemifield as the target on most (75%) of the trials, and thus (on average) provided the listener with information about the target location. In the other half of the blocks of trials, the cue source location was equally likely to come from either the same or the opposite hemifield and provided no information to the subject regarding target position. The presence of a cue biased localization performance in both conditions rather than improving accuracy when the cue provided information about the target laterality, even for a delay of 300 ms between the cue and target. Results suggest that auditory cuing, which ha.
On the effects of boundary-layer growth on flow stability

The stability of small travelling-wave disturbances in the flow over a flat plate is discussed. An iterative method is used to generate an asymptotic series solution in inverse powers of the Reynolds number Rx = Ux/v to the power one half. The neutral-stability boundaries given by the first two terms of this series are obtained and compared with experimental data. It is shown that the parallel flow approximation leads to a valid solution at very large Reynolds numbers.
Creating image mosaics with a surrounding matching scheme

The usual methods of generating image mosaics suffer from abrupt color change where the color varies little in the source image, and from discontinuity of texture or shape where they are continuous in the source image. Our proposed method is based on wavelet transforms. It not only considers the similarity between a single tile and the corresponding original grid image, but also takes into account the match of surrounding tiles. The results of our experiments show that color changes are gentler in areas with similar colors originally, shapes are smoother, and textures are more refined in our image mosaics.
Wind Energy Extraction by Birds and Flight Vehicles

When a bird or flight vehicle is oriented with a component of its lift vector aligned with the natural wind work is done on the flight system. Consequently, by suitable maneuvers, variations in wind speed can be used to add energy to the system. These procedures are used by albatrosses and many other birds. The equations of motion are simplified by normalizing using the minimum drag speed and integrating numerically for the control cycles involving angles of attack and bank. An energy neutral cycle by which an un-powered vehicle returns to initial velocity and height depends only upon the maximum lift/drag ratio of the vehicle and the wind speed variation. The minimum speed difference for a neutral energy cycle occurs for a vertical or horizontal step in wind speed. For a continuous wind profile a variational method is used to find the minimum gradient for a neutral energy cycle. Simple expressions are derived for the minimum wind variations for these two cases. The oceanic boundary layer and the shear layer downwind of a ridge are studied, and neutral energy wind criteria derived for them. Birds and small UAVs, with flight speeds comparable to atmospheric wind variations, can profit from wind energy extraction. Presented at the 43rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Reno NV, January, 10-13, 2005: Lissaman, P.B.S., “Wind Energy Extraction by Birds and Flight Vehicles,” AIAA Paper 2005-241, AIAA Annual Meeting, Reno, Jan. 2005.
Formation of elliptical galaxies and massive halos

We report N-body models for the formation of spheroids of galaxies. The material starts in uniform expansion. In the dissipationless scheme, turnaround and collapse with the formation and destruction of substructure yields a smooth object similar to an elliptical galaxy but compared to the r/sup 1/4/ function, the core density is low; and the outer density gradient is too steep. We add dissipation with a simple scheme of sticky particle collisions between neighboring ''gas clouds'' turning them into collisionless ''stars'' after a specific number of collisions. The final densities of the dissipative experiments are closer to the r/sup 1/4/ function. We extend the experiments to include a dissipationless massive ''dark halo'' with a mass 10 times that of the gas. As the amount of dissipation is increased, the inner region of the dark matter develops a power-law density distribution with a slope near -2 and nearly isotropic velocity dispersions. Except in our most extreme dissipative experiment, the stars still have anisotropic velocity dispersions and conform to the r/sup 1/4/ function. In the most extreme case of dissipation, the stars contained in the dark halo have isotropic velocity dispersions, and their density declines more steeply in the outer regions than themore » r/sup 1/4/ function. « less
FUNDAMENTAL FEATURES OF CONTEMPORARY THEORY OF SCIENCE

IN a recent paper * I have attempted to show that the classical conception of an apodeictic science, which was developed by Aristotle in his Analytica posteriora, no longer covers the present stage of scientific development. A number of divergent types of science have come into existence, most of which answer to some of Aristotle's postulates, but none of which satisfies all of them. Moreover, a number of disciplines to which Aristotle denied the name of science have come to obtain a strictly scientific character; this is especially the case with the great group of historical sciences which came of age during the nineteenth century. Accordingly, in our times any attempt to construct an adequate theory of science has to face the danger of either indulging in irresponsible simplification or presenting a complete lack of coherence ; this situation presents itself clearly to anyone who compares Mill's Logic (1843) with Wundt's Logik (1880-83) and who realises that since then no similar attempt at a comprehensive theory of science has been made. The strong preference for the monograph type of publication which is shown by serious specialists in this field is quite significant. Therefore, if I am to explain some fundamental features of contemporary theory of science, I shall be forced to make a choice from this vast domain. I will concentrate upon the methodology of deductive science. My choice is based upon several considerations, four of which should be stated here: first, contemporary deductive sciences (logic and mathematics) come nearest to the type of science which Aristotle had in mind when he established his theory ; secondly, these sciences derive by continuous development from sciences with which Aristotle was actually familiar; thirdly, the methodology of deductive science is at present in a more advanced stage of development than the methodology of other types of science; and fourthly, a methodology of deductive science affords an indispensable startingpoint for the methodology of any other type of science.
Quantum anomalous Hall effect

Hall effect is a well-known electromagnetic phenomenon that has been widely applied in the semiconductor industry. The quantum Hall effect discovered in two-dimensional electronic systems under a strong magnetic field provided new insights into condensed matter physics, especially the topological aspect of electronic states. The quantum anomalous Hall effect is a special kind of the quantum Hall effect that occurs without a magnetic field. It has long been sought after because its realization will significantly facilitate the studies and applications of the quantum Hall physics. In this paper, we review how the idea of the quantum anomalous Hall effect was developed and how the effect was finally experimentally realized in thin films of a magnetically doped topological insulator.
An Improvement in the Static Method for Limit Analysis of Structures with Stochastic Strength Variations

ABSTRACT On the basis of the static and kinematic theorems of probabilistic limit analysis [1-3], a new procedure to study the random strength of rigid-plastic structures is developed. This procedure leads to upper bounds to the failure probability, which show a remarkable improvement when compared with similar results so far obtained from “static” considerations. As an example, extensive numerical calculations carried out for a simple portal frame with random limit moments are presented and some observations are formulated.
A steady state approach to the theory of saturable servo systems

It is shown that simple saturable servo systems can have two modes of response to a given input signal -- one a linear mode as predicted by linear feedback theory, and the other a saturated mode predictable from a large signal analysis presented here. This dual mode of response theory provides a reasonable explanation for premature saturation, hysteresis in the input-output characteristics, jump resonance and similar anomalous effects that so often degrade the steady state performance of saturable servo systems. Furthermore, systems which exhibit a large degree of anomalous steady state behavior can be expected to exhibit a correspondingly poor transient response under large signal conditions such as obtained when the system is coming out of saturation. Demonstration of the existence of this dual mode of response and prediction of the range of signal amplitude and frequencies for which it exists are both built around the "saturated" transfer characteristics of the control loop. This analysis is quantitatively useful only in certain simple cases where the necessary saturated transfer characteristics can readily be found. Its chief value lies in the insight it provides to the cause of anomalous behavior. In this respect it is particularly useful to the designer because it relates this behavior to the loop gain and phase characteristics of the saturated transfer characteristics. The analysis is applied here to two simple examples, and the results are verified by an analog computer study on simulations of these systems.
Excess phase noise in self-heterodyne detection

The interpretation of self-heterodyne spectra is difficult if, apart from spontaneous emission, additional noise sources are presented. Measurements on an external-cavity semiconductor laser show how, for a relatively long delay, the high-frequency (Lorentzian) wings of the self-heterodyne spectrum are a sensitive measure for the quantum-limited (Schawlow-Townes) laser linewidth. The quantum-limited laser linewidth is shown to be inversely proportional to the output power. Values below 5 kHz are routinely measured. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) laser linewidth is larger than this due to excess low-frequency fluctuations, which are shown to result from the presence of side modes. >
Decoherence and coherent population transfer between two coupled systems

We show that an arbitrary system described by two dipole moments exhibits coherent superpositions of internal states that can be completely decoupled fi om the dissipative interactions (responsible for decoherence) and an external driving laser field. These superpositions, known as dark or trapping states, can he completely stable or can coherently interact with the remaining states. We examine the master equation describing the dissipative evolution of the system and identify conditions for population trapping and also classify processes that can transfer the population to these undriven and nondecaying states. It is shown that coherent transfers are possible only if the two systems are nonidentical, that is the transitions have different frequencies and/or decay rates. in particular, we find that the trapping conditions can involve both coherent and dissipative interactions, and depending on the energy level structure of the system, the population can be trapped in a linear superposition of two or more bare states, a dressed state corresponding to an eigenstate of the system plus external fields or, in some cases. in one of the excited states of the system. A comprehensive analysis is presented of the different processes that are responsible for population trapping, and we illustrate these ideas with three examples of two coupled systems: single V- and Lambda-type three-level atoms and two nonidentical tao-level atoms, which are known to exhibit dark states. We show that the effect of population trapping does not necessarily require decoupling of the antisymmetric superposition from the dissipative interactions. We also find that the vacuum-induced coherent coupling between the systems could be easily observed in Lambda-type atoms. Our analysis of the population trapping in two nonidentical atoms shows that the atoms can be driven into a maximally entangled state which is completely decoupled from the dissipative interaction.
Rundungsfehleranalyse einiger Verfahren zur Summation endlicher Summen

Der bei einer Summation auftretende Rundungsfehler kann als Mas fur die Gute des verwendeten Verfahrens gelten. Im folgenden werden fur mehrere Summierungsverfahren, unter anderem fur das ubliche und das Kahan-Babuska-Verfahren, a-priori-Schranken fur diese Rundungsfehler angegeben und miteinander verglichen.
A Trajectory Approach to Analyzing the Ingredients Associated with Heavy Winter Storms in Central North Carolina

AbstractWinter storms, namely snowstorms and ice storms, are a major hazard and forecasting challenge across central North Carolina. This study employed a trajectory approach to analyze the ingredients (i.e., temperature, moisture, and lift) associated with heavy snowstorms and ice storms that occurred within the Raleigh, North Carolina, National Weather Service forecast region from 2000 to 2010. The Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) tool was used to calculate 72-h backward (i.e., upstream) air parcel trajectories from three critical vertical pressure levels at the time and location of heaviest precipitation for each storm. Analysis of composite trajectories revealed the source regions and meteorological properties of air parcels associated with heavy winter storms. Adiabatic and diabatic contributions to air parcel temperature and moisture content were also estimated along each trajectory to assess the physical processes connected with heavy winter precipitation in the reg.
Non-probabilistic uncertainty measures

In the framework of the axiomatic information theory proposed by J. Kampe de Feriet and B. Forte, the authors present some results concerning composable uncertainties. In particular the authors apply the recursive method due to P. Benvenuti in order to obtain the explicit form of the set of generalizations of the uncertainty measures studied by C. Bertoluzza and M. Schneider (1974). Some examples are also presented. <<ETX>>