Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PEST Analysis Based on Japan's Nuclear Wastewater Discharge Event

On April 13, 2021, the Japanese government officially issued a statement saying that it will discharge the nuclear waste water stored in the Tokyo Electric Power Company's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the sea around the spring of 2023 for a period of 30 years. Despite almost overwhelming opposition domestic and abroad, the Japanese government has not withdrawn or delayed the plan. Based on the six stakeholders and the PEST analysis method, this paper deeply discusses the reasons for the Japanese government's unilateral decision to discharge nuclear waste water into the sea. Research shows that Japan's discharge of nuclear waste water is not just an environmental protection issue, it is a consequence of Japan's political, economic, technological, cultural and even historical factors. The purpose of this paper is to provide a reference for effective measures in the future, in the hope of better protecting the legitimate rights and interests of stakeholders by introducing international environmental law to prevent and postpone the discharge of nuclear wastewater from Japan.
Supplementing Citrus aurantium Flavonoid Extract in High-Fat Finishing Diets Improves Animal Behavior and Rumen Health and Modifies Rumen and Duodenum Epithelium Gene Expression in Holstein Bulls

Simple Summary Today, the commitment of beef production systems is to enhance their sustainability. Therefore, improving animal welfare and improving feed efficiency are both important challenges. Citrus flavonoids are polyphenols that have previously shown promising effects on reducing feed intake and modulating animal behavior in bulls fattened under commercial conditions. Moreover, increasing fat during the finishing phase in beef cattle diets has been used to increase dietary energy content and to reduce the risk of rumen acidosis. Therefore, the present study supports the hypothesis that a high dietary fat content does not interfere in the mode of action of these flavonoids and that the positive effects on feed efficiency and animal behaviors should be observed. Nevertheless, the mode of action of flavonoids is not known; it is speculated that digestive tract health (rumen) and changes in the expression of behavior- and inflammation-related genes (rumen and duodenum) may be involved, and dietary fat supplementation may also affect, antagonistic to flavonoids, these mechanisms. However, the present study data support that citrus flavonoid supplementation in high dietary fat diets may be a good strategy to face current beef production system challenges such as improving feed efficiency and animal welfare. Abstract One hundred and forty-six bulls (178.2 ± 6.64 kg BW and 146.0 ± 0.60 d of age) were randomly allocated to one of eight pens and assigned to control (C) or citrus flavonoid (BF) treatments (Citrus aurantium, Bioflavex CA, HTBA, S.L.U., Barcelona, Spain, 0.4 kg per ton of Bioflavex CA). At the finishing phase, the dietary fat content of the concentrate was increased (58 to 84 g/kg DM). Concentrate intake was recorded daily, and BW and animal behavior by visual scan, fortnightly. After 168 d, bulls were slaughtered, carcass data were recorded, and rumen and duodenum epithelium samples were collected. Performance data were not affected by treatment, except for the growing phase where concentrate intake (p < 0.05) was lesser in the BF compared with the C bulls. Agonistic and sexual behaviors were more frequent (p < 0.01) in the C than in the BF bulls. In the rumen epithelium, in contrast to duodenum, gene expression of some bitter taste receptors (7, 16, 39) and other genes related to behavior and inflammation was higher (p < 0.05) in the BF compared with the C bulls. Supplementing citrus flavonoids in high-fat finishing diets to Holstein bulls reduces growing concentrate consumption and improves animal welfare.
Cryptosporidiosis in Reptiles from Brazil: An Update for Veterinary Medicine

The concern about the protection of wildlife has been gathering attention from researchers worldwide. Zoos and aquariums have become widely recognized sites for the conservation of wildlife. However, the persistence of the illegal trade of wild animals, such as reptiles, and their use as pets can endanger not only the preservation of the species, but also allow the introduction of new pathogens and zoonotic diseases. It is important to highlight that preventive exams should be carried out prior to introducing these animals into a new facility to guarantee zoological management strategies. There are several reports of parasitism in reptiles, some of them with zoonotic potential, such as the genus Cryptosporidium spp. In Brazil, reports that explore the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in reptiles are scarce, and very few have used molecular methods for the detection of Cryptosporidium spp. , or the genotyping of its species and subtypes. This review aims to help professionals in the area and encourage them to increase their attention to this protozoan, which is usually neglected.
Modeling High Temperature and Exposure Time Interactions on Pittosporum tobira Root Cell Membrane Thermostability

Excised roots of Pittosporum tobira Thunb. were exposed to temperatures of 25° to 60°C for 30 to 300 min before cell membrane thermostability was determined by electrolyte leakage procedures. Response to treatment temperature for each exposure duration was sigmoidal. The critical temperature causing injury to root cell membranes decreased linearily as exposure duration increased exponentially. A mathematical model to describe the interaction of treatment temperature and exposure duration on membrane thermostability is presented.
The Effects of Yoga on Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a mood disorder characterized by severe mood swings and or periods of depression. This study examined the role that practicing yoga has on the symptoms of BD. One of the main goals was to identify if patients with BD believe that yoga is a viable treatment option. Six research databases were searched using the keywords "yoga" AND "therapy" AND "BD" AND "bipolar depression. " Articles published in 2005 and later were included in the search. After duplicates were removed, and inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, five articles were analyzed and included in this literature review. Results of this review indicate that yoga has been shown to be associated with both benefits and risks for the treatment of BD. Studies have shown that yoga might relieve some symptoms of BD and depression. However, due to the lack of research on the impact of yoga on BD and the small number of studies included in this review, results should be approached with caution. Overall, yoga was well-tolerated in the studies reviewed in this article. Yoga may relieve the symptoms of depression. Future research should analyze the long-term impact of yoga on bipolar depression. Yoga instructional standards should also be considered.
Modeling of kerosene combustion under fuel-rich conditions

The turbo-pump and turbine are driven by liquid fuel fed into a gas generator, where the fuel is oxidized with a liquid oxidizing agent. For stable operation of the turbine, the combustion temperature of the gas generator must be maintained below 1000 K. The thermodynamic characteristics of kerosene oxidation in the gas generator must be understood to optimize the design and operation conditions of the liquid-fueled rocket engine system. Herein, the 3-species surrogate mixture model for kerosene was selected, and the detailed Dagaut’s kerosene oxidation mechanism consisting of 225 chemical species and 1800 reversible chemical reactions was utilized. The exit gas temperature and product gas composition in the gas generator under fuel-rich conditions were simulated by applying the perfectly stirred reactor model. The perfectly stirred reactor model was used in combination with the liquid spray model for evaporation of the droplets and the two-temperature model for evaluation of the flame temperature separately from the locally averaged reactor temperature. The theoretical prediction of the gas species fraction and soot yield could be improved by applying the tar cracking mechanism, where the reaction characteristics under high temperature were taken into account.
Removal of cyanide from an artificial wastewater in constructed wetland system with Pistia stratiotes and C. Zizaniodes

Cyanide is one of the toxic materials in the environment and is included as a hazardous waste. One agro-industrial wastewater containing cyanide is from tapioca industry. Various methods, including constructed wetlands, can reduce cyanide compounds in wastewater. Some plants used in wetlands technology include Pistia stratiotes and C. zizanioides, L. This study aimed to analyse the effect of Pistia stratiotes and C. zizanioides, L and media height on cyanide reduction for 15 days. The highest cyanide reduction rate was in the treatment of Pistia stratiotes and C. zizanioides, L with a media ratio of 1:1 and a cyanide concentration of 1 mg/L and in vetiver grass plants with a media ratio of 1:1, 3:1 and 1:3 with cyanide concentration 1 mg/L was 0.1698 mg/L while the lowest rate of cyanide reduction was in the treatment of Pistia stratiotes and vetiver grass and a cyanide concentration of 0.2 mg/L was 0.0627 mg/L.
Identification of bio-oil chemical compounds from pyrolysis process of oil palm empty fruit bunches

Indonesia is the highest CPO producer globally, but CPO production also produces waste. The highest waste in CPO production is empty fruit bunch (EFB) (±58.3%). EFB is biomass waste that has the highest lignocellulose compound. Lignocellulose compound could utilize by conversion with physical, chemical, and biological degradation. Pyrolysis is one of the physical methods to degrade the lignocellulose compound. This research aimed to determine bioactive compounds produced from EFB pyrolysis. The analysis of chemical compound degradation from pyrolysis used gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) method. The results of GC-MS from liquid smoke showed that were three highest concentrations, including acetic acid at 48.28%, phenol (CAS) at 9.10%, 2-furancarboxaldehyde (CAS) furfural at 4.44%.
Influencing factors of pressure pain hypersensitivity of the upper trapezius in food service workers with nonspecific neck/shoulder myofascial pain: A cross-sectional study

It is unclear which factors contribute to the developing pressure pain hypersensitivity of the upper trapezius, a type of neurophysiological hyperexcitability. The present study investigated the relationship between physical and psychological factors and pressure pain hypersensitivity of the upper trapezius for each sex. In total, 154 individuals with neck/shoulder myofascial pain participated, among 372 food service workers. Participants completed a questionnaire (Beck Depression Inventory, and Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion scale) and were photographed to measure posture. Pressure pain sensitivity, 2 range of motions (cervical lateral bending and rotation), and 4 muscle strengths (serratus anterior, lower trapezius [LT], biceps, and glenohumeral external rotator) were measured by a pressure algometer, iPhone application, and handheld dynamometer, respectively. For each sex, forward multivariate logistic regression was used to test our a priori hypothesis among selected variables that a combination of psychosocial and physical factors contributed to the risk for pressure pain hypersensitivity. In multivariate analyses, LT strength (odds ratio = 0.94, 95% confidence interval = 0.91–0.97, P = .001) was the only significant influencing factor for pressure pain hypersensitivity in men. Dominant painful ipsilateral cervical rotation range of motion (odds ratio = 0.96, 95% confidence interval = 0.92–0.99, P = .037) was the only influencing factor for pressure pain hypersensitivity in women. LT strength and dominant painful ipsilateral cervical rotation range of motion could serve as guidelines for preventing and managing pressure pain hypersensitivity of the upper trapezius in food service workers with nonspecific neck/shoulder myofascial pain.
Characteristics and quality of life of substance users and their caregivers

The correlation between substance use and depression has been emphasized in the literature. Substance use disorders can also adversely affect the caregivers of drug-addicted persons. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Special Hospital for Addiction Diseases in Belgrade in 2015 to analyze the characteristics, consequences, and health-related quality of life of drug users and their caregivers. The sample comprised 136 users of various substances, and 136 caregivers. A questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics, the Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36), and Beck Depression Inventory were administered to all participants. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, compared with caregivers, substance users were significantly more frequently male (P < .001), ≤ 39 years old (P < .001), and more frequently reported the use of sedatives (P = .009) and smoking (P < .001). Some level of depression was present in all participants, but severe forms were more frequent in substance users (P = .010). Among substance users, mean scores of SF-36 domains ranged from 56.62‒87.17, and among their caregivers, from 50.37‒75.07; however, the difference was significant only for the health change domain (P = .037), the score for which was lower in caregivers. Substance users suffered from more severe forms of depression compared to their caregivers, who had lower SF-36 scores in the domain of health change.
Effects of myofascial release with tennis ball on spasticity and motor functions of upper limb in patients with chronic stroke: A randomized controlled trial

Background: Impaired motor function and upper extremity spasticity are common concerns in patients after stroke. It is essential to plan therapeutic techniques to recover from the stroke. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of myofascial release with the tennis ball on spasticity and motor functions of the upper extremity in patients with chronic stroke. Methods: Twenty-two chronic stroke patients (male-16, female-6) were selected to conduct this study. Two groups were formed: the control group (n=11) which included conventional physiotherapy only and the experimental group (n=11) which included conventional physiotherapy along with tennis ball myofascial release – in both groups interventions were performed for 6 sessions (35 minutes/session) per week for a total of 4 weeks. The conventional physiotherapy program consisted of active and passive ROM exercises, positional stretch exercises, resistance strength training, postural control exercises, and exercises to improve lower limb functions. All patients were evaluated with a modified Ashworth scale for spasticity of upper limb muscles (biceps brachii, pronator teres, and the long finger flexors) and a Fugl-Meyer assessment scale for upper limb motor functions before and after 4 weeks. Nonparametric (Mann–Whitney U test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test) tests were used to analyze data statistically. This study has been registered on clinicaltrial.gov (ID: NCT05242679). Results: A significant improvement (P < .05) was observed in the spasticity of all 3 muscles in both groups. For upper limb motor functions, significant improvement (P < .05) was observed in the experimental group only. When both groups were compared, greater improvement (P < .05) was observed in the experimental group in comparison to the control group for both spasticity of muscles and upper limb motor functions. Conclusion: Myofascial release performed with a tennis ball in conjunction with conventional physiotherapy has more beneficial effects on spasticity and motor functions of the upper extremity in patients with chronic stroke compared to conventional therapy alone.
Effect of the STRIDE fall injury prevention intervention on falls, fall injuries, and health‐related quality of life

Falls are common in older adults and can lead to severe injuries. The Strategies to Reduce Injuries and Develop Confidence in Elders (STRIDE) trial cluster‐randomized 86 primary care practices across 10 health systems to a multifactorial intervention to prevent fall injuries, delivered by registered nurses trained as falls care managers, or enhanced usual care. STRIDE enrolled 5451 community‐dwelling older adults age ≥70 at increased fall injury risk.
Process-explicit models reveal the structure and dynamics of biodiversity patterns

With ever-growing data availability and computational power at our disposal, we now have the capacity to use process-explicit models more widely to reveal the ecological and evolutionary mechanisms responsible for spatiotemporal patterns of biodiversity. Most research questions focused on the distribution of diversity cannot be answered experimentally, because many important environmental drivers and biological constraints operate at large spatiotemporal scales. However, we can encode proposed mechanisms into models, observe the patterns they produce in virtual environments, and validate these patterns against real-world data or theoretical expectations. This approach can advance understanding of generalizable mechanisms responsible for the distributions of organisms, communities, and ecosystems in space and time, advancing basic and applied science. We review recent developments in process-explicit models and how they have improved knowledge of the distribution and dynamics of life on Earth, enabling biodiversity to be better understood and managed through a deeper recognition of the processes that shape genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity.
A Model of Customizing Electricity Retail Prices Based on Load Profile Clustering Analysis

The problem of customizing electricity retail prices using data mining techniques is studied in this paper. The density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise is first applied to load profile analysis, in order to explore end-users’ inherent electricity consumption patterns from their historical load data. Then, statistical analysis of end-users’ historical consumption is conducted to better capture their consumption regularity. After extracting these load features, a mixed integer nonlinear programming model for customizing electricity retail prices is proposed. In the proposed model, both the structure of time-of-use (TOU) retail price and the price level are optimized once given the number of price blocks. It is among the first that the optimization of TOU price structure is studied in electricity retail pricing research. The proposed model is mathematically reformulated and solved by online commercial solvers provided by the network-enabled optimization system server. Electricity usage data collected by the smart grid, smart city project in Australia is used to demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the developed models and algorithms.
Trace metal stoichiometry of dissolved organic matter in the Amazon plume

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a distinct component of Earth’s hydrosphere and provides a link between the biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nutrients, and trace metals (TMs). Binding of TMs to DOM is thought to result in a TM pool with DOM-like biogeochemistry. Here, we determined elemental stoichiometries of aluminum, iron, copper, nickel, zinc, cobalt, and manganese associated with a fraction of the DOM pool isolated by solid-phase extraction at ambient pH (DOMSPE-amb) from the Amazon plume. We found that the rank order of TM stoichiometry within the DOMSPE-amb fraction was underpinned by the chemical periodicity of the TM. Furthermore, the removal of the TMSPE-amb pool at low salinity was related to the chemical hardness of the TM ion. Thus, the biogeochemistry of TMs bound to the DOMSPE-amb component in the Amazon plume was determined by the chemical nature of the TM and not by that of the DOMSPE-amb.
Local Magnetic Moment Formation on Edges of Graphene(Condensed matter: electronic structure and electrical, magnetic, and optical properties)

Local magnetic moment formation on edges of graphene is studied using the Hubbard model on a honeycomb lattice. The Coulomb interaction is treated with the mean field approximation. Realistic edges of graphene are composed of zigzag and armchair parts. It is found that, on a zigzag part of length n a larger than 3 a , where a is the lattice constant, local staggered moment whose magnitude is proportional to the length of the zigzag part, is developed, i.e., a zigzag part of length 3 a is sufficient for generation of local magnetism. This also means that one has to get rid of zigzag parts of n ≥3 to suppress local edge magnetism of graphene.
Comparison of destructive and nondestructive DNA extraction methods for the metabarcoding of arthropod bulk samples

DNA metabarcoding is routinely used for biodiversity assessment, in particular targeting highly diverse groups for which limited taxonomic expertise is available. Various protocols are currently in use, although standardization is key to its application in large‐scale monitoring. DNA metabarcoding of arthropod bulk samples can be conducted either destructively from sample tissue, or nondestructively from sample fixative or lysis buffer. Nondestructive methods are highly desirable for the preservation of sample integrity but have yet to be experimentally evaluated in detail. Here, we compare diversity estimates from 14 size‐sorted Malaise trap samples processed consecutively with three nondestructive approaches (one using fixative ethanol and two using lysis buffers) and one destructive approach (using homogenized tissue). Extraction from commercial lysis buffer yielded comparable species richness and high overlap in species composition to the ground tissue extracts. A significantly divergent community was detected from preservative ethanol‐based DNA extraction. No consistent trend in species richness was found with increasing incubation time in lysis buffer. These results indicate that nondestructive DNA extraction from incubation in lysis buffer could provide a comparable alternative to destructive approaches with the added advantage of preserving the specimens for postmetabarcoding taxonomic work but at a higher cost per sample.
Multiple Family Member Deaths and Cardiometabolic Health among Black and White Older Adults

Although the bereavement literature is voluminous, we know very little about how exposure to multiple family member deaths across the life course shapes health trajectories as people age and whether unequal exposure to bereavement contributes to racial inequities in cardiometabolic health. We use longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study (1992–2016) to consider how multiple family member deaths before midlife shape trajectories of cardiometabolic health after age 50 for Black and white adults (n = 22,974). Results show that multiple family member deaths prior to age 50 are associated with more cardiometabolic conditions at age 50 and a faster increase in conditions with advancing age. Moreover, Black adults are significantly disadvantaged by a greater risk of bereavement and more cardiometabolic conditions regardless of bereavement status. The life course trauma of exposure to multiple family member deaths uniquely contributes to the cardiometabolic risk of Black Americans.