Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Automated Medication Refills on Adherence and Medication Wastage: Saudi Tertiary Hospital

Ambulatory care pharmacy should run with an integrated strategy for continuity of care, quality, and customer satisfaction, which is very important since it is usually the last hospital station for the patient before he or she goes home. Automatic refill programs are targeting the promotion of medication adherence; however, there is a potential concern regarding the possible wastage of medications contributed by these programs due to the reduced patient involvement in the refill medication dispensing cycle. We evaluated the impact of an automatic refill program on antiretroviral medication use. The setting of the study was a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center). The main study area is the ambulatory care pharmacy. Participants included patients on antiretroviral medications for HIV. Overall patients (91.7%) scored 0 on the Morisky scale as high adherence, 7 patients scored 1 and 9 patients scored 2 as medium adherence, and 1 patient only scored 3 as low adherence. The act goes here.
Engineered Staphylococcus auricularis Cas9 with high‐fidelity

CRISPR‐Cas9 is a versatile gene editing tool with a broad application of basic research and clinical therapeutics. However, the potential impact caused by off‐target effects remains a critical bottleneck. The small Cas9 ortholog from Staphylococcus auricularis (SauriCas9) was identified, which recognizes a 5′‐NNGG‐3′ protospacer adjacent motif (PAM), exhibiting high activity for genome editing. Recently, we also reported enhanced‐fidelity Staphylococcus aureus Cas9 (efSaCas9), which harbors a single mutation N260D. Protein sequence alignment revealed that SauriCas9 has 62.4% sequence identity with SaCas9. Because SauriCas9 is more flexible in recognizing the target sequence with PAM of 5′‐NNGG‐3′ than SaCas9 of 5′‐NNGRRT‐3′ PAM, we sought to test whether key mutation(N260D) or adjacent residue mutation in efSaCas9 can be appliable to SauriCas9. With this concept, two engineered SauriCas9 variants (SauriCas9‐HF1, harboring the N269D mutation; SauriCas9‐HF2, harboring the D270N mutation) dramatically improved targeting specificity by targeted deep sequencing and GUIDE‐seq. At certain sites, reduced off‐target effects (approximately 61.6‐ and 111.9‐fold improvements) of SauriCas9‐HF2 compared with wild‐type SauriCas9 were observed. Overall, two identified SauriCas9 variants (SauriCas9‐HF1 and SauriCas9‐HF2) expand the utility of the CRISPR toolkit for research and therapeutic applications.
Effectiveness of the ability to form mental images in Müller-Lyer optical illusions

The purpose of this study was to establish whether wing length and the ability to form spatial mental images and vivid images affected optical illusions obtained in the Müller-Lyer figures, both real and imagined. The study involved a group of 137 fine arts college students who were shown two forms of the Müller-Lyer figures with different wing length (15 and 45 mm). In the imagined situation, a plain horizontal line was presented, and participants were expected to imagine the arrowheads aligned in the same way as in the real situation. Discrepancies in the perception of the horizontal lines in the Müller-Lyer illusion (“Point of Subjective Equality”) were measured both in the real and imagined situation. Participants were then asked to complete the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire and the Measure of the Ability to Form Spatial Mental Imagery. It emerged that, in the condition of 45 mm wing length, participants were significantly more susceptible to the illusion than those in the condition of 15 mm wing length. Additionally, in the real situation, participants scoring high in spatial image were significantly more resistant to the illusion than those scoring low.
A phase 1 study of prophylactic anakinra to mitigate ICANS in patients with large B-cell lymphoma

Axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel), an autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell product approved for patients with relapsed and/or refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL), results in cytokine release syndrome (CRS) in 90% to 95% of patients and immune effector cell – associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) in 60% to 64% of patients. 1,2 Corticosteroids represent the only current treatment option for ICANS, and although their negative impact on outcomes remains controversial, high doses and prolonged duration of corticosteroid treatment may hamper CAR T-cell function, in addition to potentially increasing the risk of infectious complications. 3-5 We have previously shown that the presence of myeloid-like ICANS-associated cells (IACs) expressing high levels of interlukin-1 β (IL-1 β ) within axi-cel infusion products is associated with the development of high-grade
Training ChatGPT Models in Assisting Urologists in Daily Practice

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has shown the ability to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of physicians. ChatGPT is an AI chatbot that can interact with humans through text, over the internet. It is trained with machine learning algorithms, using large datasets. In this study, we compare the performance of using a ChatGPT API 3.5 Turbo model to a general model, in assisting urologists in obtaining accurate, valid medical information. The API was accessed through a Python script that was applied specifically for this study based on 2023 EAU guidelines in PDF format. This custom-trained model leads to providing doctors with more precise, prompt answers about specific urologic subjects, thus helping them, ultimately, providing better patient care.
Multi-objective H2/H∞ state-feedback control synthesis based on extended LMI characterizations

A synthesis method for the multi-objective H2/H∞ synthesis problem via state feedback is proposed in the continuous-time setting. This newly proposed procedure relies on the introduction of new extra variables and allows reducing the conservatism under the usual existing conditions for the multi-objective control problem based on LMI. On the ground of the Elimination Lemma, this method gives the extended LMI constraint conditions of the H2 performance and the H∞ performance, which make optimization variables associated with the controller parameters independent of the system matrices, and lead to the use of two different Lyapunov functions to deal with the multi-objective control problem. The numerical simulations prove the validity of this design framework.
Attribute-Based Signature with AT

An attribute-based signature with access tree(AT) is presented in this paper.By building AT access control structure,the new scheme can solve the shortage that signature algorithms are always limited by the threshold in threshold attribute-based signature schemes.Our scheme need not constrain the number of attribute set and provides more flexibility in signature strategy.The security of our scheme is proved under the standard model rather than random oracle model.
HPV vaccine information, knowledge, attitude, and recommendation intention among male college students in China

ABSTRACT This study aimed to describe the status quo of human papilloma virus (HPV)-related knowledge and attitude among Chinese male college students and explore the factors influencing HPV vaccination intention. A national, cross-sectional online survey was conducted among male college students in China to investigate their HPV-related information, knowledge, attitudes, and vaccine recommendation intentions. Path analysis based on the information, knowledge, attitude, and intention model was used to assess the relationships between predictors. In total, 823 male college students participated in the survey. More than 80% of the respondents believed that the HPV vaccine was necessary for their female partners, whereas 136 (16.52%) respondents knew nothing about HPV or HPV vaccines. Information exposure was a positive predictor of HPV-related knowledge. Knowledge subsequently had a positive impact on trust in HPV vaccines, and sufficient knowledge and a positive attitude increased the intention to recommend HPV vaccination (p < .001). Among the demographic characteristics, age and a major in medicine were positively associated with the information score (p < .05). The male college students’ HPV-related knowledge was inadequate and negatively influenced their vaccine recommendation intentions. If we take advantage of the Internet and individual sources to increase students’ exposure to information, we will improve their HPV-related knowledge and attitudes; thus, the intention to recommend HPV vaccination will ultimately be stronger.
Nutritional interventions in patients with graft-versus-host disease

Purpose of review This review aims to highlight the benefits of nutrition before and during graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and the promising precision medicine approach that should be offered to prevent and mitigate GvHD. Recent findings The intestinal damage induced by preconditioning/conditioning chemotherapies is the main trigger of GvHD. Impaired nutritional status and decreased plasma citrulline level, which is the most sensitive biomarker of intestinal barrier health, predict the occurrence of acute GvHD after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Optimal oral and/or enteral nutrition and a lack of vitamin D deficiency limit this intestinal damage. As intestinal dysbiosis plays an important role in GvHD, probiotics and prebiotics supplementation could be a promising therapy. Diverting enterostomy combined with parenteral nutrition saves the lives of patients with severe steroid-refractory gastrointestinal GvHD. Summary Regardless of age, healthy nutritional status and a healthy gut barrier are protective factors against GvHD in patients undergoing allo-HCT, and above all, these are closely dependent on adequate oral and/or enteral intake. Therefore, maintaining gut barrier integrity through adequate oral nutrition before allo-SCT and early first-line enteral nutrition after allo-HCT are of critical importance, not forgetting vitamin D supplementation. In the future, probiotics and prebiotics are expected to play a growing role for replenishing the commensal microbiota given the impact of gut dysbiosis on GvHD. Parenteral nutrition remains the only nutritional support that can be used in the event of severe gastrointestinal GvHD.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease without overlapping metabolic‐associated fatty liver disease and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes

Re‐classifying NAFLD as metabolic‐associated fatty liver (MAFLD) has been proposed. While some people fulfil criteria for NAFLD, they do not have MAFLD; and whether NAFLD‐only subjects have increased the risk of type 2 diabetes remains unknown. We compared risk of incident T2D in individuals with: (a) NAFLD‐only; and (b) MAFLD, to individuals without fatty liver, considering effect modification by sex.
Are Metabolic Power Distribution and Accelerometer-Based Global Positioning System Variables Associated With Odds Ratios of Noncontact Injuries in Professional Soccer Players?

Abstract Nobari, H, Alves, AR, Abbasi, H, Khezri, D, Zamorano, AD, and Bowman, TG. Are metabolic power distribution and accelerometer-based GPS variables associated with odds ratios of noncontact injuries in professional soccer players? J Strength Cond Res 37(9): 1809–1814, 2023—The present study was intended to i) investigate the relationship between metabolic power average (MPA), acceleration (AcZ) and deceleration (DcZ) zones, and their differences (Δ) on 3 load levels with noncontact injuries in professional players throughout a full soccer season and ii) to analyze the injury risk associated between high-load versus low-load levels for each of the aforementioned parameters with odds ratios (OR) and relative risk (RR), respectively. Twenty-one professional soccer players (age = 28.3 ± 3.9 years) were monitored during a full season (48 weeks) through global positioning system (GPS). A relationship between MPA and accelerometer-based GPS, mainly in explosive actions (i.e., AcZs and DcZs), was found. A higher incidence of injuries in the high-load weeks compared with the low-load weeks were reported (mainly in MPA, AcZ1, AcZ2, and DcZ3 variables). Moreover, significant means of OR (mean = 4.3) and RR (mean = 2.6) of noncontact injuries were established in intense periods with higher metabolic load (i.e., power accelerations, AcZ1, x2 = 0.022). Our results may be useful for coaches, sports scientists, and researchers regarding the optimization of the athletes' performance, as well as providing insights about the impact of intense exercise.
Predicting In-Hospital Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Patients with Heart Failure: A Single-Center Exploratory Study

The aim of this study was to investigate whether exposure to the pandemic was associated with increased in-hospital mortality for health failure. We collected data from patients hospitalized between 2019 and 2020 and we assessed the likelihood of in-hospital death. Although the positive association of exposure to the COVID period with an increased in-hospital mortality is not statistically significant, this may underscore other factors that may influence mortality. Our study was designed to contribute to a better understanding of the impact of the pandemic on in-hospital mortality and to identify potential areas for intervention in patient care.
Privacy preserving identification of population stratification for collaborative genomic research

Abstract The rapid improvements in genomic sequencing technology have led to the proliferation of locally collected genomic datasets. Given the sensitivity of genomic data, it is crucial to conduct collaborative studies while preserving the privacy of the individuals. However, before starting any collaborative research effort, the quality of the data needs to be assessed. One of the essential steps of the quality control process is population stratification: identifying the presence of genetic difference in individuals due to subpopulations. One of the common methods used to group genomes of individuals based on ancestry is principal component analysis (PCA). In this article, we propose a privacy-preserving framework which utilizes PCA to assign individuals to populations across multiple collaborators as part of the population stratification step. In our proposed client-server-based scheme, we initially let the server train a global PCA model on a publicly available genomic dataset which contains individuals from multiple populations. The global PCA model is later used to reduce the dimensionality of the local data by each collaborator (client). After adding noise to achieve local differential privacy (LDP), the collaborators send metadata (in the form of their local PCA outputs) about their research datasets to the server, which then aligns the local PCA results to identify the genetic differences among collaborators’ datasets. Our results on real genomic data show that the proposed framework can perform population stratification analysis with high accuracy while preserving the privacy of the research participants.
High transmission efficiency of the simian malaria vectors and population expansion of their parasites Plasmodium cynomolgi and Plasmodium inui

Background The elimination of malaria in Southeast Asia has become more challenging as a result of rising knowlesi malaria cases. In addition, naturally occurring human infections with other zoonotic simian malaria caused by Plasmodium cynomolgi and Plasmodium inui adds another level of complexity in malaria elimination in this region. Unfortunately, data on vectors which are responsible for transmitting this zoonotic disease is very limited. Methodology/Principal findings We conducted longitudinal studies to investigate the entomological parameters of the simian malaria vectors and to examine the genetic diversity and evolutionary pattern of their simian Plasmodium. All the captured Anopheles mosquitoes were dissected to examine for the presence of oocysts, sporozoites and to determine the parous rate. Our study revealed that the Anopheles Leucosphyrus Group mosquitoes are highly potential competent vectors, as evidenced by their high rate of parity, survival and sporozoite infections in these mosquitoes. Thus, these mosquitoes represent a risk of human infection with zoonotic simian malaria in this region. Haplotype analysis on P. cynomolgi and P. inui, found in high prevalence in the Anopheles mosquitoes from this study, had shown close relationship between simian Plasmodium from the Anopheles mosquitoes with its vertebrate hosts. This directly signifies the ongoing transmission between the vector, macaques, and humans. Furthermore, population genetic analysis showed significant negative values which suggest that both Plasmodium species are undergoing population expansion. Conclusions/Significance With constant microevolutionary processes, there are potential for both P. inui and P. cynomolgi to emerge and spread as a major public health problem, following the similar trend of P. knowlesi. Therefore, concerted vector studies in other parts of Southeast Asia are warranted to better comprehend the transmission dynamics of this zoonotic simian malaria which eventually would aid in the implementation of effective control measures in a rapidly changing environment.
Oxytocinergic modulation of speech production—a double-blind placebo-controlled fMRI study

Abstract Many socio-affective behaviors, such as speech, are modulated by oxytocin. While oxytocin modulates speech perception, it is not known whether it also affects speech production. Here, we investigated effects of oxytocin administration and interactions with the functional rs53576 oxytocin receptor (OXTR) polymorphism on produced speech and its underlying brain activity. During functional magnetic resonance imaging, 52 healthy male participants read sentences out loud with either neutral or happy intonation, a covert reading condition served as a common baseline. Participants were studied once under the influence of intranasal oxytocin and in another session under placebo. Oxytocin administration increased the second formant of produced vowels. This acoustic feature has previously been associated with speech valence; however, the acoustic differences were not perceptually distinguishable in our experimental setting. When preparing to speak, oxytocin enhanced brain activity in sensorimotor cortices and regions of both dorsal and right ventral speech processing streams, as well as subcortical and cortical limbic and executive control regions. In some of these regions, the rs53576 OXTR polymorphism modulated oxytocin administration–related brain activity. Oxytocin also gated cortical-basal ganglia circuits involved in the generation of happy prosody. Our findings suggest that several neural processes underlying speech production are modulated by oxytocin, including control of not only affective intonation but also sensorimotor aspects during emotionally neutral speech.
Joint method of motion compensation and cross-range scaling for inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging

In radar target recognition systems,it is of great significance to determine the target size for improving the capability of identification.Considering the phase error induced by the equivalent turntable and residual translation,this paper proposes a new method to estimate effective rotation velocity for inverse synthetic aperture radar(ISAR)cross-range scaling.By extracting some featured scatterers in the range-Doppler image,a time-varying autoregressive(TVAR)model is invoked for the scatterers.After polyfitting the Doppler histories of the poles,effective rotation velocity and residual phase error can be calculated.One contribution of this method lies in that it can reliably implement cross-range scaling.Simultaneously,the motion compensation processing can further improve the target focus.Simulation and real-data experiments verify the effectiveness of this proposal.
High-Intensity Functional Training Induces Superior Training Adaptations Compared With Traditional Military Physical Training

Abstract Helén, J, Kyröläinen, H, Ojanen, T, Pihlainen, K, Santtila, M, Heikkinen, R, and Vaara, JP. High-intensity functional training induces superior training adaptations compared with traditional military physical training. J Strength Cond Res 37(12): 2477–2483, 2023—This study examined the effectiveness of concurrent strength and endurance training with an emphasis on high-intensity functional training (HIFT) during military service. Voluntary male conscripts (aged 18–28 years) were placed in either an experimental (EXP: n = 50–66) or a control (CON: n = 50–67) group. The training for the EXP group included HIFT using body mass, sandbags, and kettlebells. The CON group trained according to the current practice. Physical performance and body composition were assessed at baseline (PRE), at week 10 (MID), and after (POST) the 19-week training period. Significance was set at p < 0.05. The total distance covered in a 12-minute running test increased in both groups, but the change in EXP was superior to the change in CON (11.6%, ES: 0.79 vs. 5.7%, ES: 0.33; p = 0.027). Maximal strength and power characteristics increased in EXP (3.1–5.0%), whereas no improvements were observed in CON. Conscripts with the highest initial fitness showed no improvements in physical performance in either group. Body mass and waist circumference decreased in EXP, whereas CON showed an increase in muscle mass. These findings suggest that HIFT is an effective and time-efficient approach to improve soldiers' aerobic fitness during military service. For the optimal development of strength, the training equipment used may not have provided sufficient and progressive loading to yield considerable strength adaptations. More focus should be placed on sufficient intensity and volume in both strength and endurance training, especially for the most fit soldiers.
Childhood traumatic events, alexithymia and perceived stress in patients with rheumatoid arthritis during the COVID-19 pandemic

ABSTRACT Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease, causing joint-swelling and pain. International literature highlights that patients with RA are more likely to report high levels of alexithymia, adverse childhood events (ACEs) and stress, but studies investigating the association between these dimensions are lacking. The general aim of the present study is to investigate the association between alexithymia, ACEs, and stress in RA patients and to highlight possible predictors of greater perceived stress. One hundred and thirty-seven female patients with RA (mean age = 50.74; SD = 10.01) participated in an online survey between April and May 2021. Participants completed a questionnaire for the collection of sociodemographic and clinical information, the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Adverse Childhood Events questionnaire and the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale. The correlational analysis highlighted several significant associations between the dimensions evaluated. Regression analyses showed that alexithymia, ACEs and the perceived health status have a predictive effect on the perceived stress of RA patients. More specifically, the role of difficulty in identifying feelings, and the physical and emotional neglect, has been highlighted. ACEs and high levels of alexithymia are common in RA clinical populations and seem to affect the wellbeing of these patients. The use of a biopsychosocial approach to RA treatment appears essential in achieving a better quality of life and illness control in this specific clinical population.