Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Results of Deep Brain Stimulation for Treatment-Resistant Depression: Outcome Analysis and Correlation With Lead Position and Electrical Parameters

BACKGROUND: Long-term efficacy and mechanisms of action of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) are under investigation. OBJECTIVE: To compare long-term outcomes with active electrode's coordinates and its electrical parameters in patients with TRD treated with DBS in the subgenual cingulate gyrus (SCG-DBS). METHODS: Seventeen patients with TRD underwent SCG-DBS. Demographic and baseline characteristics were recorded. The 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was used to measure the response to the therapy. The anterior commissure-posterior commissure coordinates of the active contacts and the total electrical energy delivered were calculated and correlated with clinical outcomes. Patient-specific tractographic analysis was performed to identify the modulated pathways in responders. RESULTS: Twelve women (70.6%) and 5 men (29.4%) with a median age of 48 yr (34-70 years) were included. Along the 5-year follow-up, 3 main clinical trajectories were observed according to symptom's improvement: great responders (≥80%), medium responders (≥50%-79%), and poor responders (<50%). Active contacts' coordinates and total electrical energy delivered showed no correlation with clinical outcomes. Brodmann area 10 medial was the most frequently stimulated area and the forceps minor, the most frequently modulated tract. CONCLUSION: SCG-DBS for TRD is clearly effective in some patients. Active contacts' coordinates were highly variable within the region and, like electrical parameters, did not seem to correlate with clinical outcomes. In the current series, Brodmann area 10 medial and the forceps minor were the most frequently targeted area and modulated pathway, respectively.
Non-cerebral vasospasm factors and cerebral vasospasm predict delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a typical neurosurgical emergency. The patient’s prognosis is related to the severity of the initial illness and post-operative complications, especially delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). DCI, which occurs in up to 30% of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), usually 2 weeks after hemorrhage, is one of the leading causes of death and disability in aSAH. Currently, it is generally accepted that DCI is primarily associated with cerebral vasospasm (CVS). However, after aggressive anti-CVS therapy, a subset of patients still develop DCI, suggesting that CVS is not the entire DCI cause.
Duration of strong ground motion during Mexican earthquakes in terms of magnitude, distance to the rupture area and dominant site period

A study of the duration of strong ground motion using accelerometric data of subduction and normal‐faulting Mexican earthquakes is presented. Duration is obtained based on the time between 2.5 and 97.5 per cent of the Arias intensity. An expression to predict this duration in terms of the magnitude, distance to the rupture area and site period is proposed and compared with predictions available in the literature. The effect of large duration for very distant sites and the contribution of soft soils to the duration of strong ground motion are widely discussed. We have found that large magnitude not only yields long duration at the source, but also proportionally longer duration with distance and with dominant site period compared to small magnitude. The duration obtained from the regression is used as a parameter to obtain input and hysteretic energy and on the use of damage models available in the literature. Finally, duration is used together with the random vibration theory to predict response spectra. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Facility of Humanoid Robot Control via the Isosceles Triangle Method

This study demonstrates the application of the simple isosceles triangle concept to adjust the position of a humanoid robot from the lying to the standing position. In robot control, the stability of the standing posture of the robot is prioritized to the robot to efficiently perform expected actions, thereby enabling the robot to perform dancing or boxing motions. This study aims to achieve the complete transition of a humanoid robot from the lying state to the standing state by a simple control design.
Life cycle assessment of a fluorescent lamp luminaire used in industry – a case study

Environmental impacts of light sources and control gears have been analysed in several life cycle assessments (LCAs). In contrast, this paper analyses the environmental impacts of an entire fluorescent lamp/luminaire combination. The environmental impacts of a fluorescent lamp luminaire with two T5 lamps and an electronic ballast are analysed in a variety of potential environmental impacts. The results show that the energy consumption during use dominates the total environmental impacts by 93% on the average, while manufacturing accounts for 7% and end-of-life less than 1%. The importance of energy consumption is dependent of the used energy source. Compared to a previous LCA of fluorescent lamp luminaire, the division of the results into life cycle stages is similar but there are differences in the numerical results.
Termorregulación y respuestas reproductivas de carneros bajo estrés por calor. Revisión

Las temperaturas elevadas registradas durante la época de verano en las regiones cálidas comprometen la capacidad reproductiva de los animales domésticos. En carneros, el estrés por calor (EC) causa en el organismo una serie de ajustes fisiológicos, metabólicos, endocrinos y moleculares con el objeto de mantener normotermia y sobrevivir; sin embargo, varios de estos cambios se asocian negativamente con su fertilidad, principalmente los endocrinos. El EC en carneros provoca una disminución en las concentraciones sanguíneas de testosterona a través de diferentes mecanismos, y esto se refleja negativamente en el proceso de espermatogénesis y en la conducta sexual. En consecuencia, los carneros estresados por calor presentan baja calidad seminal y apetito sexual; a nivel de espermatozoides se ha observado daño estructural y en el ADN. Dada esta situación, se recomienda el uso de estrategias de mitigación del EC durante el verano en las explotaciones ovinas de regiones cálidas, tales como el uso de sombras en corrales, la administración de antioxidantes o modificaciones en la alimentación. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este documento es revisar el conocimiento actual en relación al efecto del EC sobre la capacidad de termorregulación y reproductiva de los carneros, así como la aplicación de estrategias para su mitigación.
Comparative Study on Effect of Temperature & Moisture on Transformer Insulation Conductivity

It has been acknowledged that the insulation of the power transformers is the main cause of their failures. This can easily be attributed to the fact that all power transformers connected to electrical power networks bears loads and the load causes temperature rise and degradation of the cellulose paper. The by-product of the degradation includes moisture. The high temperature and moisture combine to accelerate the rate of insulation breakdown by increasing the material conductivity, σ and also increase the aging rate of the transformer. This paper has reviewed some transformer assessments and tests as sample data to study the effects of temperature and moisture on power transformer insulation conductivity. The results from the tests and measurements were analyzed and presented accordingly. The analyses of results found that irrespective of the assessment technique used, be it FDS, PDC or RVM, conductivity of the transformer insulating materials increases with any increase in both temperature and moisture content.
Hip and stifle joint anatomy of the Saimaa (Pusa hispida saimensis) and Baltic ringed seals (Pusa hispida botnica)

The anatomical architecture of the hip and stifle joints of the Saimaa ringed seal was determined by dissection to be similar to that of the Baltic ringed seal. There was no ligament of the femoral head in the hip joint. The lateral side of the stifle joint lacked a collateral ligament but the collateral ligament on the medial side was of considerable size. The medial meniscus was larger and thicker than the lateral meniscus. The asymmetrical anatomical architecture allows for much lateral movement during aquatic motion, but it is poorly adapted to terrestrial locomotion.
Skipping breakfast among preschoolers: associated factors and its dose-response relationship with overweight/obesity

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate factors associated with skipping breakfast in preschoolers and test a dose-dependent relationship between the frequency of breakfast consumption and the prevalence of overweight/obesity. Methods This is a cross-sectional study, carried out with 463 children (24 to 59 months of age) who live in the urban location of Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. Sociodemographic data, maternal and child nutritional status, lifestyle, and dietary practices were collected using a standardized questionnaire and Habitual Food Recall during a home-based interview. Skipping breakfast was defined as a frequency of consumption “less than seven days a week”. Based on body mass index by age, children were classified as overweight/obese if Z-score ≥2. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the association between the variables surveyed and skipping breakfast. The dose-dependent relationship between breakfast frequency and overweight/obesity was determined by the trend test. Results The prevalence of skipping breakfast was 8.42% (95%IC: 6.1-11.3). There was an association between the habit of substituting dinner for a sandwich/snack (adjusted OR: 2.61, 95%IC: 1.25-5.46; p=0.010) and the mother’s overweight (adjusted OR: 2.63; 95%CI: 1.29-5.37; p=0.008) with the habit of skipping breakfast. The trend test shows that the prevalence of overweight/obesity decreases as the frequency of breakfast consumption increases (p=0.035). Additionally, when assessing the quality of breakfast, frequent consumption of foods considered unhealthy was observed. Conclusion There is a dose-response association between overweight/obesity and skipping breakfast. Children who substitute traditional dinner for a sandwich/snack and whose mothers are overweight are more likely to skip breakfast.
Co-Optimal Placement of PMUs and Associated Edge Access Networks in Wide-Area Measurement System Considering Cyber Contingencies

Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) based on modern Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have been extensively installed to monitor power systems' dynamic processes. Conventional Optimal PMU Placement (OPP) studies mainly focus on measurement observability but neglect the communication failures when cyber contingencies occur. Meanwhile, it is unwise to blindly deploy more PMUs to improve measurement redundancy against cyber contingencies, which could not strengthen the system's resilience but increase the expenditure of associated edge access communication infrastructures. This paper extends the conventional OPP to a Co-Optimal Placement of PMUs and their associated Edge Access Networks (COPPEAN), considering the power systems' full observability and enough resilience against cyber contingencies. A model with minimum total investment as the optimization objective is introduced to solve where the PMUs are installed, where the edge access devices are deployed, and how to construct communication paths between them. Furthermore, the key constraints are proposed by simultaneously considering the observability of both measurement and communication levels. In order to improve the efficiency, the COPPEAN with nonlinear constraints is transformed into the Integer Linear Programming (ILP) framework. Different-scale IEEE standard test systems are employed to verify the effectiveness and scalability of the proposed method.
Graph SLAM-Based 2.5D LIDAR Mapping Module for Autonomous Vehicles

This paper proposes a unique Graph SLAM framework to generate precise 2.5D LIDAR maps in an XYZ plane. A node strategy was invented to divide the road into a set of nodes. The LIDAR point clouds are smoothly accumulated in intensity and elevation images in each node. The optimization process is decomposed into applying Graph SLAM on nodes’ intensity images for eliminating the ghosting effects of the road surface in the XY plane. This step ensures true loop-closure events between nodes and precise common area estimations in the real world. Accordingly, another Graph SLAM framework was designed to bring the nodes’ elevation images into the same Z-level by making the altitudinal errors in the common areas as small as possible. A robust cost function is detailed to properly constitute the relationships between nodes and generate the map in the Absolute Coordinate System. The framework is tested against an accurate GNSS/INS-RTK system in a very challenging environment of high buildings, dense trees and longitudinal railway bridges. The experimental results verified the robustness, reliability and efficiency of the proposed framework to generate accurate 2.5D maps with eliminating the relative and global position errors in XY and Z planes. Therefore, the generated maps significantly contribute to increasing the safety of autonomous driving regardless of the road structures and environmental factors.
The Digital Visual Diary: the blog as an alternative for paper and pen in the Industrial Design studio

In this paper it will be illustrated by an Industrial Design studio case study, how the online blog may be used as a replacement for the traditional paper visual diary. The blog has the potential to offer the design student and their lecturers an expanded reflective/research tool that can be used interactively and collaboratively outside the face-to-face studio. The blog is widely known as an online diary. The simplicity of the online environment, the ease of copying images, videos and conduct research, has meant that its use is limited only by the limitations of the user. Perhaps the biggest advantage of the blog is that it allows others to provide comment on the content of the blog. In fact anyone who logs on to the site can post comments or send links to other web pages. In this sense, if all studio participants read their class mates studio blogs, peer review and assessment continues to occur after the formal class has finished.
Reference intervals for D-dimer and fibrinogen in the Chinese population during the third trimester of pregnancy

Aim: Pregnancy is a hypercoagulable state, however it remains unknown the degree to which pregnancy affects standardly drawn coagulation laboratory studies. We intended to establish reference intervals for D-dimer and fibrinogen in the third trimester of pregnancy. Methods: We recruited 1048 healthy Chinese pregnant women with low-risk pregnancy. Concentrations of D-dimer and fibrinogen in the third trimester were collected. The 2.5th and 97.5th percentile reference intervals of D-dimer and fibrinogen in pregnant women with parity = 1, parity≥2, maternal age<35 years, maternal age≥35 years, PPH and non-PPH were established during the third trimester of pregnancy. Results: D-dimer levels were above the conventional cut-off point (0.5 mg/L) in 99.33% of pregnant women. Fibrinogen levels were above the normal upper limit (4 g/L) in 63.93% of pregnant women. The reference interval of D-dimer and fibrinogen in the third trimester of low-risk pregnant women was 0.63–5.05 mg/L and 3.02–5.92 g/L, respectively. Conclusion: The concentration of Ddimer and fibrinogen in the blood during pregnancy differ from the normal population. We recommend that the reference intervals be established for Chinese healthy pregnant women.
Calculating Beamforming Vectors for 5G System Applications

The growing demand for broadband Internet services is forcing scientists around the world to seek and develop new telecommunication technologies. With the transition from the fourth generation to the fifth generation wireless communication systems, one of these technologies is beamforming. The need for this technology was caused by the use of millimeter waves in data transmission. This frequency range is characterized by heavy path loss. The beamforming technology could compensate for this significant drawback. This paper discusses basic beamforming schemes and proposes a model implemented on the basis of QuaDRiGa. The model implements a MIMO channel using symmetrical antenna arrays. In addition, the methods for calculating the antenna weight coefficients based on the channel matrix are compared. The first well-known method is based on the addition of cluster responses to calculate the coefficients. The proposed one uses the singular value decomposition of the channel matrix into clusters to take into account the most correlated information between all clusters when calculating the antenna coefficients. According to the research results, the proposed method for calculating the antenna coefficients allows an increase in the SNR/SINR level by 8–10 dB on the receiving side in the case of analog beamforming with a known channel matrix.
COMPARATIVE STABILITY ASSESSMENT OF GRID-FOLLOWING AND GRID-FORMING VSCS IN WEAK GRIDS

Under the high renewables penetrated and high power electronics dominated (“double high”) power systems, the wide-band oscillation problems of grid-following VSCs integrated into weak grids have brought severe challenges to the safe and stable operation of the system. To further investigate the stability of VSCs with different control schemes, namely the grid-following VSC and the grid-forming VSC, the small-signal sequence impedance models of the two types of VSCs are derived, and the sequence impedance characteristics of grid-following and grid-following VSCs are compared and analysed. The sequence impedance of the grid-following VSCs is primarily capacitive with high amplitude in the middle-frequency band while the sequence impedance of the grid-forming VSCs is mainly inductive with low amplitude. Based on the sequence impedance models of two types of VSCs, the stability of these two types of VSCs integrated into weak grids is also analysed. The results indicate that the grid-following VSCs are prone to sub/super synchronous oscillations in weak grids while the grid-forming VSCs are able to operate stably in weak grids. Finally, electromagnetic transient simulations are conducted to validate the sequence impedance models and the stability assessment.
Physical random functions

In general, secure protocols assume that participants are able to maintain secret key information. In practice, this assumption is often incorrect as an increasing number of devices are vulnerable to physical attacks. Typical examples of vulnerable devices are smartcards and Automated Teller Machines. To address this issue, Physical Random Functions are introduced. These are Random Functions that are physically tied to a particular device. To show that Physical Random Functions solve the initial problem, it must be shown that they can be made, and that it is possible to use them to provide secret keys for higher level protocols. Experiments with Field Programmable Gate Arrays are used to evaluate the feasibility of Physical Random Functions in silicon. Thesis Supervisor: Srinivas Devadas Title: Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Emergence of network features from

Many biological and man-made networked systems are characterized by the simultaneous presence of different sub-networks organized in separate layers, with links and nodes of qualitatively different types. While during the past few years theoretical studies have examined a variety of structural features of complex networks, the outstanding question is whether such features are characterizing all single layers, or rather emerge as a result of coarse-graining, i.e. when going from the multilayered to the aggregate network representation. Here we address this issue with the help of real data. We analyze the structural properties of an intrinsically multilayered real network, the European Air Transportation Multiplex Network in which each commercial airline defines a network layer. We examine how several structural measures evolve as layers are progressively merged together. In particular, we discuss how the topology of each layer affects the emergence of structural properties in the aggregate network.
Knowledge Discovery on Users' Requirements for Building B2C Websites Using Data Mining Techniques

b Abstract— The purpose of the study was to identify users' requirements for developing a B2C website using data mining techniques. A 30-item questionnaire for evaluating users' satisfaction of a web site was developed. Descriptive analysis and data mining techn iques were used for analysis. The criteria investigated were clarity, objectivity, content, currency, responsibility, navigation, author, accuracy, design and stability, coverage, accessibility, purpose, and reliability. A data mining approach consisted of four stages was propos ed.
A CPW-fed dual-frequency monopole antenna

A new dual-frequency design of coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed monopole antenna is proposed and experimentally studied. The proposed antenna utilizes the advantages of the CPW line to simplify the structure of the antenna into a single metallic level, thereby making easier the integration with the microwave integrated circuits. The two operating modes of the proposed antenna are associated with various lengths of two monopoles, in which the longer monopole works for the first resonant mode and the shorter monopole works for the second mode. Moreover, by increasing the width of the longer monopole, a broadband dual-frequency operation is demonstrated. Experimental results show that the impedance bandwidth, determined from 10-dB return loss, of the two operating frequencies can both be greater than 14%. Details of the experimental results are presented and discussed.
Study on the Method of Humanized Design

The realization of function is always the primary motive of designers, and they do their best to design the function of a new product. However, with the raise of modern design concept, more and more attention is transferred to the harmoniousness of the product. Besides function, human factor in design is highly emphasized. The connotation of humanized design is firstly introduced in this paper. Then, Factors of humanized design are discussed, including need, ergonomics, reliability and aesthetics. Especially, the importance is pointed that form design meeting the people’s aesthetic requirements based on psychological feelings. Taking electronic products as example, the method of humanized design is wisely analyzed from the aspects of form application, symbolistic application and intention transmission, which is helpful for designing products more pleasant and comfortable to use.
Predictive modeling and simulation of silica aerogels by using aggregation algorithms

Silica aerogels are highly porous solids with very low densities and thermal conductivities. Their high porosity results in a fractal morphology which has a strong influence on their mechanical properties. The geometric structure of silica aerogels can be described by diffusion‐limited cluster‐cluster aggregation (DLCA) models.