Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Status of Abiotic Components in Aquatic Environment of Khaste Lake, Pokhara

Water is one of the most significant natural resources. In plants and animals, different physiological processes like respiration, photosynthesis, absorption of nutrients and other metabolic process get influenced by the amount of availability of water. This study has been conducted to evaluate water quality of Khaste Lake, Pokhara. After the collection of water samples, chemical parameters such as dissolved oxygen (DO), free carbon dioxide (F-CO2), hydrogen ion concentration (pH), total alkalinity (TA), total hardness (TH), total solid (TS), total dissolved solid (TDS), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and chloride ions (Cl-) have been measured in the chemistry laboratory, using standard methods prescribed by American Public Health Association (APHA, 1999) whereas the depth, transparency and temperature have been measured on the spot. The obtained values of physico-chemical parameters have been compared with the criteria of World Health Organization (WHO) and other lakes. The research reveals that all the abiotic components of the Khaste Lake meet the WHO standard of water quality. This research work concludes that the water quality of Khaste Lake is much less polluted and suitable for all the aquatic lives so far. Discharge of domestic sewage, use of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture fields and other solid waste dumps can be the major threats for sustainability of the lakes. Awareness to the public and continual management need to be done to prevent the possibility of pollution and eutrophication process.
The ex-dividend day stock price behavior: Evidence from Pakistan

The paper examines the ex-dividend day price behavior of the listed stocks in Karachi Stock Exchange for the period January 2009 to June 2010. During the examined period, there was no capital gain tax; however a 10% withholding tax applied on dividends. We use the standard event study methodology to examine the abnormal returns for days surrounding the ex-dividend day. The study reports a very low price drop ratios compared to their theoretical values. No significant excess returns are found on the exdividend day; however, significant positive abnormal returns are observed in the preevent window and negative excess returns are observed in the post event window. The study provides evidence of short-term trading hypothesis surrounding the ex-dividend days on Karachi Stock Exchange.
Low profile dual-band antenna loaded with artificial magnetic conductor for indoor radar systems

A dual-band antenna is designed for a fall-detection radar and telemetry system. The radar is designed based on the stepped frequency continuous wave (SFCW) concept, which requires Ultra Wideband (UWB) operation, low inter-element coupling and a directive radiation pattern with low backlobe. The telemetry system uses the 2.45 GHz band to enable signal transmission/reception in an indoor environment and the 6-7.5 GHz band for radar sensing part. A main dual-band radiator with a slotted patch is used as the basis for the antenna design: the patch resonates at 2.45 GHz whereas the antenna slot enables a wide band operation for the radar system. To enable a low-profile, an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) structure is integrated into the antenna. It works as a perfect magnetic conductor (PMC) plane from 6 to 7.5 GHz and can be located close to the slot antenna functioning as a reflector. Both numerical and experimental results indicate a satisfactory antenna performance in terms of reflection coefficient and radiation pattern. The antenna was also integrated into the radar system and tested in a real environment on three subjects at fixed distances. A fall-detection up to 6 meters was achieved.
Two new species of Cladosporium from leaf spots of Parispolyphylla in north-western Yunnan Province, China

Abstract Background During the survey of pathogenic fungi on medicinal plant leaves in Yunnan Province, China, two Cladosporium-like taxa were isolated from leaf spots of Parispolyphylla. Based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS, TEF1-α and ACT genes, two new species were discovered. New information Two new species Cladosporiumyunnanensis and C.paris are introduced, the detailed descriptions and illustrations are provided. Morphology of the two new species is compared with other related Cladosporium species. This study widens the host diversity of the genus Cladosporium.
On the Characterization and Measurement of Randomly Varying Filters

It is well known that time-invariant linear filters can be characterized by their impulse responses. In this paper, a method is presented for characterizing and measuring a class of randomly varying linear filters. The class of filters considered is constrained to have finite memory and bandwidth and is represented by a tapped delay fine with random tap multipliers having a stationary Gaussian multivariate distribution. The filter characterization allows the complete determination of the filter output statistics for any given deterministic input signal which is approximately time- and band-limited. These inputoutput relations are embodied in the filter mean and covariance transfer matrices. It is shown that these transfer matrices are observable in the sense that all of their coefficients are measurable, whereas the covariance matrix of the tap multipliers is not, in general, an observable. A measurement technique is described by which the transfer matrix coefficients can be determined.
On the use of acoustics for measuring shallow water suspended sediment processes

Acoustics have the promise of being able to have a significant impact on our understanding of coastal sedimentary processes, which play such an important role in the dynamics of the coastal and shallow water environment. Due to this, the application of acoustics for remotely measuring suspended sediments, over ranges from metres to tens of metres, is gaining acceptance within the sediment community. This recognition of the use of acoustics to the area of sediment processes is based on advances which have been made decade in the understanding of the interaction of sound with marine suspended sediments, and also due to ongoing field observations which have shown the unique ability of the acoustic technique to measure suspended sediment profiles. In the present work acoustic measurements of suspended sediments have been conducted at 1, 2.5, 3, and 5 MHz in a number of different shallow water environments. The interpretation of the acoustic data to obtain suspended sediment concentration is presented, and some of the difficulties when inverting the acoustic information to obtain the suspended load are considered. Some discussion is also given to future uses of acoustics for studying sediment processes, and how one may utilize the application of underwater sound to manage our coastal environment more effectively. >
TRAINING OF PROCESS MINING FOR ENGINEER STUDENTS

The goal of process mining is to discover process models from event logs. Events logged by some information systems are used to extract information about activities and their causal relations. Software, information systems and industrial processes are still becoming more and more complex. A distinguishing feature of any engineering effort is the fact that process engineers create, update, change and revise all kinds of documents, files, events and processes. Process mining is a helpful tool for engineers who want to get an overview of how the process is executed. We can make a conformance by checking the event log and the process model can be analyzed. Engineers can correct the process model if the model is faulty in real-life thus being visible from log file. The engineer students have dealt with robotic systems that can have complicated programming due to an increase in complex robotic behaviour. Process mining can help in the analysis and correction of the processes that are executed by robots. Moreover, process mining is well suited for analyzing and comparing software development capabilities of students and in helping them to create a close optimal model of the development process. In this paper we presented the process mining technology, the possibilities of the correction of planned processes and the related tools which can be used in the engineer training.
Measuring non-monetary incentives using conjoint analysis

Using conjoint analysis to measure importance of non-monetary incentives to supervisors and their reporting staff at the Research, Development and Engineering Center of the U.S. Missile Command. This study is built upon the theoretical work on agency theory, citizenship behavior and psychological contracts. These theories explain the relationship between the supervisor and the subordinate and suggest how non-monetary incentives can improve such relationship. This study has identified the non-monetary incentives valued by supervisors and subordinates, measured the relative importance of these non-monetary incentives and, as part of the data collection, explored online conjoint analysis. There are three phases in the study. The first phase involves qualitative interviews with the subjects. The qualitative interviews confirm the list of attributes that have previously identified from the literature reviews. The attributes are winnowed and categorized. The second phase is the card sort. Participants are asked to group and identify exemplar from a set of attributes. The result is a final list of attributes that will represent people's needs in making them an effective employee. These attributes are then turned into job profiles that are used in the conjoint analysis. In this last phase, participants express their preferences on different job descriptions via the web. The analysis followed reveals how participants value different attributes. Results of the exploratory analysis tentatively conclude that both supervisors and supervisees value company fairness, opportunities to do high-impact work, and salary as very important. Using online conjoint analysis has been an effective data collection method for this study, however, the design of the tool needs improvement to account for inconsistency and reliability. Thesis Supervisor: Duncan Simester Title: Associate Professor of Marketing, MIT Sloan School of Management Thesis Supervisor: John R. Hauser Title: Kirin Professor of Marketing, MIT Sloan School of Management
A High Efficient Improved Soft Switched Interleaved Boost Converter

In this paper an improved ZVT interleaved boost PFC topology is introduced. The proposed ZVT interleaved boost converter is composed of two cell boost conversion units and an active auxiliary circuit. The proposed converter has two important advantages over the similar soft switching converters. The first one is that parallel to the main switches of the converter the auxiliary switch also operates under soft switching condition. Providing soft switching conditions for interleaved boost converters with more than one cells using only one auxiliary switch is another advantage of this topology. The prototype for the proposed converter was developed with an input of 110V ac power supply feeding a resistive output load of 600 watts. In addition, the proposed converter has the advantages of fewer structure complications, lower cost and ease of control.
Predicting Shared Situation Awareness in Teams: A Case of Differential SA Requirements

In this paper, we report our efforts at developing a valid approach for measuring and predicting shared situation awareness (SA) in teams performing in complex operational environments. Participants were assigned to one of 4 teams (Navy, Army, Special Operations, or Joint Service) and completed a simulated military rescue operation training exercise. We developed procedures to measure the degree of shared SA between team members and to improve the accuracy of shared SA scores. The measures were then used to evaluate five potential predictors of shared SA (experience similarity, shared task knowledge, cognitive workload similarity, communication distance, organizational hub distance). We examined the relationship of these factors to specific queries that assessed different types of SA information requirements. Results indicated that four factors had significant relationships with shared SA, but that the factors related to each query changed in relation to the type of SA assessed by the query. We discuss the implications of these results for predicting shared SA under different situational conditions.
A Ka-Band Watt-Level High-Efficiency Integrated Doherty Power Amplifier in GaAs Technology

This paper presents a Ka-band two-stage watt-level high-efficiency Doherty power amplifier (DPA) in the 90 nm GaAs pseudomorphic high-electron mobility transistor (pHEMT) technology. A reversed uneven input power drive is adopted to deliver more power to the carrier amplifier in the DPA to enhance the higher efficiency and gain. In addition, a co-design Doherty output combining network based on the load-pull-based technique is developed to enable the impedance inversion network in the carrier amplifier and the parasitic compensation to be integrated in a single compact network. In this case, the loss in the DPA output network can be minimized to achieve a high-efficiency DPA. For verification, the fabricated DPA exhibits a measured saturation output power of 30.02 dBm and a small signal gain of 17.7 dB, with an associated 37.9% peak power added efficiency (PAE) and 30.2% PAE at the 6-dB power back-off (PBO) at 28 GHz, respectively. Moreover, under the modulated signal excitation with a 20-MHz 64-quadratic-amplitude modulation (QAM) signal with the 7.2-dB peak to average power ratio (PAPR), the DPA achieves an adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) of −30.63 dBc without the digital predistortion (DPD), and −46.59 dBc with the DPD. The area of the proposed DPA is $2.9\ \text{mm} \times 2.0\ \text{mm}$ including pads.
Epi-MEIF, a flexible and efficient method for detection of high order epistatic interactions from complex phenotypic traits

Understanding the relationship between genetic variations and variations in complex and quantitative phenotypes remains an ongoing challenge. While Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have become a vital tool for identifying single-locus associations, we lack methods for identifying epistatic interactions. In this article, we propose a novel method for high-order epistasis detection using mixed effect conditional inference forest (epiMEIF). The epiMEIF model is fitted on a group of potential causal SNPs and the tree structure in the forest facilitates the identification of n-way interactions between the SNPs. Additional testing strategies further improve the robustness of the method. We demonstrate its ability to detect true n-way interactions via extensive simulations in both cross-sectional and longitudinal synthetic datasets. This is further illustrated in an application to reveal epistatic interactions from natural variations of cardiac traits in flies (Drosophila). Overall, the method provides a generalized way to identify high order interactions from any GWAS data, thereby greatly improving the detection of the genetic architecture of complex phenotypes.
A new structure of microwave ultrawide-band differential phase shifter

A new structure for TEM transmission line ultrawide-band differential phase shifters is proposed. This consists of a cascade of two-ports, each of which is a single coupled section with parallel transmission lines connected to each other at one end. The section lengths and coupling coefficients are different. The results of numerical synthesis have been tabulated for phase shifters of 90 degrees differential phase shift. The proposed structure has the advantage of a lower coupling coefficient and improved phase-frequency characteristic in comparison with the other stepped phase shifters. >
Optically transparent frequency selective window for microwave applications

The microwave behaviour of a frequency selective window consisting of a cascade of two optically transparent band-stop frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) made with highly conductive, highly transparent thin-film indium tin oxide (ITO) is investigated. The performance of the ITO FSS structure is compared to a similar structure made from copper. Experimental results demonstrate the improved band-stop behaviour of a double layer window over a single layer one.
Theoretical and Experimental Considerations for a Rapid and High Throughput Measurement of Catalase In Vitro

A rapid and high throughput protocol to measure the catalase activity in vitro has been designed. Catalase is an enzyme with unusual kinetic properties because it does not follow the standard Michaelis–Menten model and is inactivated by H2O2. This makes the analysis of the two rate equations of the second-ordered reactions of the kinetic model rather complex. A two-degree polynomial fitting of the experimental data is proposed after transforming the exponential form of the integrated rate equation of the [H2O2] into a polynomial using the Taylor series. The fitting is validated by establishing an experimental linear relationship between the initial rate of the H2O2 decomposition and the protein concentration, regardless of the suicide inactivation that catalase might undergo beyond t > 0. In addition, experimental considerations are taken into account to avoid statistical bias in the analysis of the catalase activity. ANOVA analyses show that the proposed protocol can be utilized to measure the initial rate of the H2O2 decomposition by catalase in 32 samples in triplicates if kept below 8 mM min−1 in the microplate wells. These kinetic and statistical analyses can pave the way for other antioxidant enzyme activity assays in microplate readers at small scale and low cost.
Implementation of Intrusion Detection System (IDS) and Snort Community Rules to Detect Types of Network Attacks

Intrusion detection system (IDS) is a system that monitors network traffic for suspicious activity and alerts when such activity is discovered. Administrators can certainly implement firewalls on managed networks, but not necessarily implement IDS. IDS has a detection function, so administrators will get notifications when there are activities that are prohibited based on IDS rules. IDS rules can be set by the administrator from scratch, one by one, but administrators can also use IDS rules provided by some security sites. In this study, a network topology that is integrated with IDS will be used and implemented various rules on the IDS. The operating system used is Ubuntu and the IDS used is Snort. The IDS rules are taken from the community rules on www.snort. org . Based on the tests and simulations on the IDS, the conclusions are: IDS is effective in detecting the activity of network attacks aimed at the server and Community rules provided by the official Snort website contain rules that can be used to anticipate network attacks. Further research is expected to be able to collaborate on network security applications with artificial intelligence or machine learning applications. Research that combines computer network security applications and artificial intelligence or machine learning can improve computer network security because it is able to analyze computer network attacks or malware based on certain patterns
Modelagem do elo de corrente contínua no domínio da frequência em sistemas assíncronos desequilibrados

This work proposes the modeling of High Voltage Direct Current Link (HVDC) for harmonic analysis in AC electrical power systems using frequency domain formulation with complete and explicit representation of the AC and DC networks, as well as, the converters non-linear characteristics and their harmonic interdependences. The proposed model development is based on the Three-phase Harmonic Current Injection Method (THCIM) and it allows the systemic simulation of AC networks with DC link of high complexity, as 12-pulse converter systems and asynchronous AC connection. The proposed model simulation results, in frequency domain, were validated against ATP (Alternative Transients Program) results, in time domain simulation.
THE ROLE OF GEOMATICS ENGINEER IN SMART CITIES: A VIEW WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF TURKISH 2020–2023 NATIONAL SMART CITIES STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN

Abstract. The development of technology resulted major revolutions in the cities. With the integration of technological developments into cities, the concept of smart cities began to emerge. Today, applications are made on smart cities in many countries. It is not possible to build a smart city without geographic data. It is one of the main duties of Geomatics Engineers to produce, use, process and finalize the geographic data and present it to the user. In this study, referring to the role of Geomatics Engineer in smart cities across Turkey 2020-2023 National Smart Cities Strategy and Action Plan framework is made in the investigations. When this plan is examined, it is seen that the importance of geographical/geo-spatial data and geo-information technologies for the realization of smart cities is an undeniable fact. In the 2020–2023 National Smart Cities Strategy and Action Plan, it has been clearly demonstrated that Geographic Information Systems and Geographic Information Technologies have a great role in creating smart cities.
Individual Radiosensitivity as a Risk Factor for the Radiation-Induced Acute Radiodermatitis

Background: Up to 95% of irradiated patients suffer from ionizing radiation (IR) induced early skin reaction, acute radiation dermatitis (ARD). Some experts think that additional skin hydration can reduce acute skin reactions. Individual radiosensitivity (IRS) determined from lymphocytes may help to predict acute radiation toxicity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical manifestation of ARD in different skincare groups during whole breast radiotherapy depending on IRS and other risk factors. Methods: A total of 108 early-stage breast cancer patients were randomized into best supportive care (BSC) and additional skincare (ASC) groups. IRS was evaluated using a G2 assay modified with caffeine-induced G2 checkpoint arrest. All patients received a 50 Gy dose to the breast planning target volume (PTV). Clinical assessment of ARD symptoms according to the CTCAE grading scale was performed once a week. Results: IRS was successfully determined for 91 out of 108 patients. A total of 10 patients (11%) had normal IRS, 47 patients (52%) were categorized as radiosensitive, and 34 (37%) as highly radiosensitive. There was no significant difference in the manifestation of ARD between patient groups by skincare or IRS. According to logistic regression, patients with bigger breasts were prone to more severe ARD (p = 0.002). Conclusions: The additional skincare did not improve skin condition during RT. A total of 89% of patients had increased radiosensitivity. IRS determined before RT did not show the predictive value for the manifestation of ARD. Logistic regression revealed that breast volume was the most significant risk factor for the manifestation of ARD.