Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Periodontal disease status and treatment need among a Kurdish population in Sulaimani - Iraq as assessed by CPITN index

Background This study identifies the prevalence and severity of periodontal diseases in a given population of Sulaimani using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) and attempts to find the relation of CPITN with age, sex, location, visit to dentist, tooth brushing, use of mouth wash and interdental aids, systemic disease, smoking status and missing teeth.Methods Subjects attending Periodontics clinics at College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani were examined. Periodontal examinations were performed using CPITN, plaque index (PI) and bleeding index (BI). Other data including location, visit to dentist, tooth brushing, use of mouth wash and interdental aids, presence of systemic diseases, smoking status and missing teeth were also collected. The data were subjected to logistic regression to find a relation between periodontal status (CPITN ≥ 3 or not as dependent variable) and other variables.Results Among the 1354 subjects (mean age 30.8 ± 12.9 years) examined, 43.6% were male and the majority of these (80.9%) were from urban areas. The mean PI and BI were 0.64±24 and 0.39±0.28, respectively. Calculus was the most prevalent highest score amongst examined subjects (62.2%), followed by shallow pocket (22.2%) and bleeding (9%). Among the sextants, lower central sextants were found to have the highest percentage of calculus (73.1%), followed by lower left (49.7%) and lower right (48.7%). The highest percentages of shallow and deep pockets were found at upper left (14%, 2.5%, respectively) and upper right (11.4%, 3.2%, respectively) sextants. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, sex, frequency of brushing and smoking significantly correlated with CPITN scores.Conclusion Prevalence and severity of periodontal diseases are high in the examined population and at population level age, sex, brushing and smoking were shown to have an impact on periodontal condition.
Special issue on spoken language in time and across time: introduction

The idea of this special issue on Spoken language in time and across time emerged at an international symposium on this topic that we organised at Lund University on 20 September 2019. The purpose of the symposium was to celebrate important past and present achievements of spoken language research as well as past and present corpora available for such research. Some speakers reported on academic and technical advances from the past, while others offered information about state-of-the-art research on spoken language and spoken corpus compilation. Our idea with the symposium was also to bring together early career scholars, somewhat more senior scholars as well as senior scholars – the latter actually active when interest in spoken language and spoken corpus compilation was in its infancy. The type of spoken corpora in focus extended from the world's first publicly available, machine-readable spoken corpus, The London–Lund Corpus of Spoken English (Svartvik 1990), nowadays referred to as LLC–1, through to the spoken parts of The British National Corpora (BNC) from 1994 (BNC Consortium 2007) and 2014 (Love et al. 2017), The Diachronic Corpus of Present-Day Spoken English (DCPSE) consisting of LLC–1 and the British component of The International Corpus of English (ICE–GB), Santa Barbara Corpus of Spoken American English (SBCSAE) (Du Bois et al. 2000–5), The Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) (Davies 2008–) and finally the most recent one, The London–Lund Corpus 2 (LLC–2) (Põldvere, Johansson & Paradis 2021a). The symposium thus covered approximately half a century of data from publicly available corpora compiled for multipurpose use by the academic community for research on spoken English in different contexts.
When does the method of harmonic balance give a correct prediction for mechanical systems?

We investigate the validity of the harmonic balance method for nonlinear, multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical system with time-periodic forcing and linear damping. We provide conditions under which an approximate periodic solution obtained from this method correctly signals the existence of an actual periodic response of the full nonlinear system. These conditions improve classical results from the literature and provide a-priori computable conditions for the validity and accuracy of the harmonic balance method. Our proof is based on Newton's method in Banach spaces for an appropriately chosen functional. We also derive error bounds for the harmonic balance method and illustrate these on mechanical examples.
Finding a line between trusted and untrusted information on tweets through sequence classification

The Internet has long since established itself as an indispensable source of information for both organizations and individuals. The lack of social responsibility of many digital platforms, however, offers many incentives for various forms of abuse. Disinformation, propaganda and fake news are just a few examples. Among the actors of information campaigns, we find not only individuals but also state actors with a clear agenda. Often, such information campaigns make use of psychological and rhetorical methods to achieve their goals. The manipulation of information is a major challenge for our democracies. It also presents us with major technical problems to identify and assess risks arising from the dissemination of such information.The following system description presents our approach to the detection of misinformation on social media data, which is twofold. Initially, we subjected the given training data to an exploratory analysis to get an overview of the general structure. Then we framed the given task as a simpler classification problem. In order to distinguish between trusted and untrusted information, using BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) as a neural network architecture for sequence classification, we started with a pre-trained model for language representation. In a supervised training step we fine-tuned this model on the given classification task with the provided annotated data.In this paper we would like to discuss both the quality of the training data and the performance of the trained classifier to derive promising directions for future work.
Monitoring of Stem Cell Differentiation by Glycogen Synthesis Kinase-3 (GSK-3) Inhibitors in Induced Palatal Ulcer in Rabbits

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to monitor stem cell differentiation by glycogen synthesis kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibitors in induced palatal ulcer in rabbits and its possible effect of regeneration. Materials and Methods: One hundred and sixty-two adult male rabbits were used. Rabbits were divided into 3 groups, then each group divided into 3 subgroups (18 for each subgroup) according to the date of scarification at 1, 7, 14 days postoperatively. Group (I): Control group, the rabbits didn't subject to any surgical procedure. Experimental groups; Group (II): (-ve control), the palatal mucosal ulcer was induced and allowed to heal normally. Group (III): (+ve control), the palatal mucosal ulcer was induced and Tideglusib solution was applied daily. Results: at 1 and 7 days, the minimum imply has been recorded in group (I), after that group (II), although the highest amount has been documented in group (III). while at 14 days, the minimum amount has been documented in group (I), tracked closely by group (III), while the highest amount has been recorded in group (II). Conclusion: We provide that topical application of Tideglusib on the palatal mucosal ulcer reduced inflammation, increased collagen deposition, enhanced stratifications of the oral epithelium and accelerated wound closure. Therefore, Tideglusib therapy could be a promising therapeutic modality for oral ulcers and wounds.
Mitigating Corrosion Effects of Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb Alloy Fabricated via Electron Beam Melting (EBM) Technique by Regulating the Immersion Conditions

The corrosion behavior of newly fabricated γ-TiAl alloy was studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic potentiodynamic polarization (CPP) techniques. The γ-TiAl alloy was produced from powder with compositions of Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb processed using electron beam melting (EBM) technique. The corrosion behavior of the bulk alloy was investigated in 1 M HCl solution for different immersion times and temperatures. The experimental results suggest that the fabricated alloy exhibits good resistance to corrosion in acid solution at room temperature. The results also indicate that with an increase in immersion time and solution temperature, the corrosion potential (Ecorr) shifts to a higher positive value, resulting in an increase in corrosion current (jcorr) and consequently a decrease in the corrosion resistance (Rp) of the alloy.
FAILED BACK SURGERY SYNDROME

Background: Chronic low back pain is a serious health problem. Chronic pain affects negatively quality of life and should be treated as interest as personal handicapping issues. Objective: To discuss etiologies and risk factors of failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) with evaluation of different management modalities to help lowering its incidence and upgrading patient’s outcome. Patients and methods: This was a cross sectional retrospective study on randomized group of patients (50 patients) performed between May 2014 and May 2018 at El Sheikh Zayed specialized hospital. They complained from lower back pain with or without legs pain and had done one or more lumbar surgeries. All patients were subjected to history taking and neurological examination (motor power, stretch signs - strait leg raising, femoral stretch- and bladder control). Radiographic documentation was for all patients including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Results: Forty-four patients (88%) were managed by surgical re-intervention after clinical evaluation including complain analysis and neurological assessment and correlating it with pre-operative radiological findings. Six patients (12%) were found to have no radiological findings correlated to their complaints. Conclusion: Failed back surgery syndrome acts like a malignant disease that we are unable to completely treat it, but we can control it. In our study, we can catch many factors which will help. Patient selection to be fit candidate for lumbar surgery is a main matter.
Analytical Modelling of Dielectric Modulated Negative Capacitance MoS2-FET for Biosensor Application

In this paper, a dielectric modulated negative capacitance (NC)-MoS2 field effect transistor (FET)-based biosensor is proposed for label-free detection of biomolecules such as enzymes, proteins, DNA, etc. Various reports present experimental demonstration and modelling of NC-MoS2 FET, but it is never utilized as a dielectric modulated biosensor. Therefore, in this work, the modelling, characterization and sensitivity analysis of dielectric modulated NC-MoS2 FET is focussed. For immobilization of biomolecules, a nanocavity is formed below the gate by etching some portion of the gate oxide material. The immobilization of biomolecules in the cavity leads to a variation of different electrostatic properties such as surface potential, threshold voltage, drain current, and subthreshold-swing (SS) which can be utilized as sensing parameters. An analytical model for the proposed biosensor is also developed in the subthreshold region by considering the properties of two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectric materials and benchmarked with TCAD device simulations. The effect of change of gate length and doping concentration on different electrical properties is also analysed to estimate the optimum value of channel doping. The results prove that the proposed device can be used for next-generation low power label-free biosensor which shows enhanced sensitivity as compared to traditional FET-based biosensors.
The role of deprivation and alcohol availability in shaping trends in violent crime

It is well known that both deprivation and alcohol availability are associated with violent crime. However, less is known about whether the former moderates the latter. Pioneering the linkage of novel alcohol availability measures derived from consumer data with police data and an index of deprivation, we examine inequalities in violent crime across small-level geography (LSOAs) for the whole of England. Our findings confirmed a recent upward trend in recorded violent crime in England between 2011 and 2018 and substantial between-area variability in recorded violent crime, as well as an increase in violent crime inequality across LSOAs during the period of analysis. Violent crime was higher in areas with increased deprivation and alcohol availability, especially in the form of on-licensed premises. On-licence availability, in the form of pubs, bars and nightclubs, explained variability in recorded violent crime more so when compared with off-licence availability. A positive interaction effect between alcohol availability (in the form of on-licensed premises) and deprivation showed how deprivation amplified the impact of alcohol availability, with more deprived areas having a stronger impact of on-licence availability on violent crime. Deprivation is thus an important contextual factor when considering rates and the social ecology of violence. Our findings suggest a need to respond to the disproportionate impact of violence on areas with higher levels of deprivation and availability of on-licensed premises.
The Story of An Image

Focusing on the uniqueness of tapestries and embroideries based on paintings, this vignette retrieves the production process of one set of ‘embroidered paintings’ based on the same painting. These objects are outstanding pieces of artwork, often marking important historical events. The essay investigates the sequence of commissioning the painting in different media and the diverse patterns of production procedures, management, and finance in the process.
Identifying new parameters informing the relationship between silence and sound in diverse musical performance practices and perception

While it was Cage who foregrounded the significance of silence as an act in his ground-breaking composition 4'33", it was Miles Davis who made the performative value of the silent space or absence of sound even more explicit when he drew attention to the notes one does not play. This article examines the significance and role of silence in music. However, a number of questions remain about how musicians use, perform and understand silence in relation to sound and how silence potentially plays a role in the listener's perception of the player's authorial or expressive voice. The aims of the study reported in the article were threefold: (i) to identify how silence is manifest in performance practice; (ii) to identify whether silence in a musical excerpt can affect the listener's perception; and (iii) to further our understanding of the role of silence as a parameter of performance creativity. We explored the ways in which two musicians perform silence in relation to sound, Miles Davis in Round Midnight and Glenn Gould in the Aria from Bach's Goldberg Variations. We made qualitative analyses of transcriptions of their recordings and conducted an online survey of listeners' perceptions of the difference between two recordings of the same piece played by the same performers. Converging evidence from an interdisciplinary literature review and the empirical studies identifying new parameters informing the relationship between silence and sound in diverse musical performance practices and perceptions will be discussed along with implications for new conceptualisations about how silence acts relationally to sound in performance practice.
A Framework to Support Continuous Range Queries Over Multi-Attribute Trajectories

Emerging applications over spatio-temporal trajectories require representing the data from diverse aspects. We study multi-attribute trajectories each of which consists of a sequence of time-stamped locations and a set of attributes characterizing diverse aspects. We investigate continuous range queries over multi-attribute trajectories. Such a query returns trajectories whose attributes contain expected values and whose locations are always within a distance threshold to the query trajectory during the entire overlapping time period. To efficiently answer the query, an optimal method of partitioning the trajectories is proposed and an index structure is developed to support the combined search using both spatio-temporal parameters and attribute values. Query algorithms and auxiliary structures are developed, accompanied with optimization strategies and thorough theoretical analysis. Using both real and synthetic datasets, we carry out comprehensive experiments in a prototype database system to evaluate the efficiency and scalability of our designs. The experimental results show that our approach outperforms six alternative approaches by a factor of 5-50x on large datasets.
Culture values and entrepreneurial innovativeness: A comparative study of Malaysian ethnic entrepreneurs

ABSTRACT Countries are often characterized with a diverse set of subcultures, exerting different impacts on innovation among different ethnic groups. This article comparatively analyzes how national culture, as measured by Hofstede's six cultural values, influences the entrepreneurial innovativeness (EI) of three Malaysian ethnic firms (Malaysian Chinese, Indian, and Malays). Based on a systematic investigation of survey data of 450 small to medium-sized firms (SMEs), we find positive influences of indulgence, collectivism, and low power distance on EI among the three ethnic entrepreneurs in Malaysia. Our study also finds that three other cultural values have a differential impact on Malaysia’s ethnic groups. While long-term orientation exerts a significant impact on Malaysian Chinese, masculinity and low uncertainty avoidance have significant but (surprisingly) opposite impacts on the three ethnic entrepreneurs. These similar and different impacts of cultural values on EI among different ethnic groups generates significant theoretical and practical implications.
Climate change and agrarian struggles: an invitation to contribute to a JPS Forum

ABSTRACT This essay introduces and invites contributions to a new Journal of Peasant Studies Forum on ‘climate change and critical agrarian studies’. Climate change is inextricably entwined with contemporary capitalism, but how the relationship between capitalism and climate change plays out in the rural world requires deeper analysis. In particular, the way agrarian struggles connect with the huge challenge of climate change is a vital focus for both thinking and action. In this essay, we make the connections between climate change and critical agrarian studies and identify competing, although overlapping, narratives. These narratives frame climate change debates and the way that the dynamics of climate change shape and are shaped by the rural world, whether through state policies, international governance, corporate influence, or agrarian struggles. We use a simple framework to examine different logics and strategies for anti-capitalist struggles that might connect climate change and agrarian mobilisations. We conclude with some overall reflections and suggestions for broad, guiding questions for future inquiry as part of the JPS Forum.
Efficient Holographic Focusing Metasurface

We present the design and experimental demonstration of an efficient holographic metasurface aperture that focuses microwaves in the Fresnel zone. The proposed circular structure consists of two stacked plates with their periphery terminated in a conductive layer. Microwaves are injected into the bottom plate, which forms the feed layer, and are coupled to the top holographic metasurface layer via an annular ring. This coupling results in an inward traveling cylindrical wave in the top layer, which serves as the reference wave for a hologram. The radiating elements consist of a slot pair with their orientations designed to couple efficiently with the cylindrical reference wave while maintaining a linearly polarized focused beam. A general condition on the slot pairs radiated power is proposed to ensure low sidelobe level (SLL) and is validated with full-wave simulation. An aperture that is 20 cm in diameter, operates at 20 GHz in the K-band frequency, and forms a diffraction-limited focal spot at a distance of 10 cm is experimentally demonstrated. The proposed near-field focusing metasurface has high antenna efficiency and can find application as a compact source for Fresnel-zone wireless power transfer and remote sensing schemes.
The Correlation Between the Use of Instagram and Female Adolescents’ Body Image

This Covid-19 situation has forced individuals to practice physical distancing and stay at home. This affects individuals’ communication with each other. One of the means of communication that can be used for long-distance communication is social media or application. This thesis discusses the correlation between the intensity of Instagram usage and female adolescents’ body image. The research methods used were descriptive and quantitative methods, using a correlational technique. The number of respondents who participated in this research is 184 people. The respondents were selected using purposive sampling technique, respondents are females in the age range of 18-22 and located in Jabodetabek area. The technique of data collecting is by using a questionnaire shared through Google Form to the respondents. The next step was to prove and analyze the data, so a variety of tests were performed, including validity test, reliability test, assumption testing that involves normality and linearity tests, and a hypothesis analysis was also conducted. Since this research uses a correlational technique, the assumption testing used are normality and linearity tests. The result of data processing of the normality test shows that the data are not normally distributed, with the result of 0.023 < 0.05 and 0.013 < 0.05. On the linearity test, the result is 0.386 > 0.05, so it can be concluded that the data are linear. In the calculation using Spearman correlation , the result is 0.997 and the score of sig. of 0.000 < 0.05, which means both variables in this research have a positive and significant correlation.
Scale development of customer satisfaction with complaint handling and service recovery in an e-commerce setting

This study explores the dimensionality of customer satisfaction with complaint handling in the service failure and recovery context. It provides evidence of construct validity for a new multi-item measure of e-commerce customer satisfaction. Items for this measure were developed by reviewing the complaint handling and service recovery literature. Confirmatory factor analyses supported a 5-factor structure to this measure: 1) recovery and return; 2) employee dealing and timely response; 3) complaint solution; 4) payment and security; and 5) website-related information. The structural equation also demonstrated predicted validity for the e-commerce customer satisfaction dimensions to complaint handling and service recovery as each of these five factors was verified to have a positive relationship with overall complainant satisfaction. The study concluded that online businesses should develop service recovery strategies that encompass monetary rewards in the context of a solution to the complaint.
The Intersubjective Markets Hypothesis

This study aims to introduce a new theoretical framework for capital markets understanding, reconciling findings from various disciplines such as anthropology, psychology, biology, statistics and physics. Assuming intersubjectivity to be the main driver of interactions between participants, the concept of market narrative is defined as subculture (or ideology) that influences the way investors react to both external events and endogenous dynamics. The new hypothesis is consistent with properties such as self-organisation, speculation, dependency, unboundedness, nonlinearity, dialogic and criticality. JEL: D40, D50, D53, D70, D80