Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Statistical Characteristics of Raindrop Size Distribution in Monsoon Season over South China Sea

The South China Sea (SCS) is the largest and southernmost sea in China. Water vapor from the SCS is the primary source of precipitation over coastal areas during the summer monsoon season and may cause the uneven distribution of rainfall in southern China. Deep insight into the spatial variability of raindrop size distribution (DSD) is essential for understanding precipitation microphysics, since DSD contains abundant information about rainfall microphysics processes. However, compared to the studies of DSDs over mainland China, very little is known about DSDs over Chinese ocean areas, especially over the South China Sea (SCS). This study investigated the statistical characteristics of the DSD in summer monsoon seasons using the second-generation Particle Size and Velocity (Parsivel2) installed on the scientific research vessel that measured the size and velocity of raindrops over the SCS. In this study, the characteristics of precipitation over the SCS for daytime and nighttime rains were analyzed for different precipitation systems and upon different rain rates. It was found that: (1) rain events were more frequent during the late evening to early morning; (2) more than 78.2% of the raindrops’ diameters were less than 2 mm, and the average value of mass-weighted mean diameter Dm (1.46 mm) of the SCS is similar to that over land in the southern China; (3) the stratiform precipitation features a relatively high concentration of medium to large-sized rain drops compared to other regions; (4) the DSD in the SCS agreed with a three-parameter gamma distribution for the small raindrop diameter. Furthermore, a possible factor for significant DSD variability in the ocean compared with the coast and large islands is also discussed.
Life history traits of the exotic freshwater snail Melanoides

Aim: In the present study has analyzed several aspects of the life history traits of Melanoides tuberculata, an exotic species, under laboratory conditions, and its response to some stressors has also been applied. Methods: Sensitivity to two toxic substances was tested. The mollusks were collected and cultured in the laboratory under controlled conditions of temperature of 25 ± 1 °C and ad libitum food regime. Growth rates and biomass were experimentally obtained and the individual growth curve obtained. Results: The experiment lasted 287 days and the maximum shell lengths registered was 11.67 mm. The growth curve indicated a rate of 3.98 year-1 and a maximum theoretical length of 10.61 mm. The mean post-embrionary development time until first reproduction was 275 days and the size of the primipara was 10.13 mm. An accelerated growth of juveniles was observed with fast increase in the shell length until sexual maturity, but growth rate decreased afterwards as more energy was devoted to reproduction. Under the combination of 25 °C and fed on alternate days, M. tuberculata had a slow growth and a long-life expectancy under laboratory conditions. The tolerance of this mollusk to temperature as a stressor ranged between 16 °C and 37 °C, being the optimum temperature situated between 29 °C and 34 °C. The LC(I)50-24h for reference substances were: 0.70 g L-1 for KCl and 9.05 g L-1 for NaCl. Conclusion: Based on these results, we can conclude that M. tuberculata is a species tolerant to temperature and salinity, what partially explains to accordance to its wide and rapid dispersion throughout tropical waters.
Colorectal cancer risk in bowel adenomas based on lifestyle exposures, tissue preconditioning and DNA methylation

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with patient demographics, lifestyle exposures and molecular alterations. However, it is not possible to determine which adenomas will progress to CRC, as ethically it is unacceptable to leave and follow adenomas. We hypothesised that certain lifestyle exposures at high levels could precondition exposed bowel tissue by changing and aging it, increasing the risks of deleterious DNA methylation and genetic alterations. We used a novel study design comparing adenomas with concurrent CRC (thus more likely exposed to deleterious lifestyle effects) to single adenomas in bowels with no history of CRC; we called these high (HR) and low-risk (LR) adenomas respectively. Methods We carried out a discovery and replication epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) on 106 HR and 111 LR adenomas, profiled with MethylationEPIC BeadChips. In order, to identify differentially methylated positions (DMP), regions (DMR), and DNAm (DNAmethylation) lifestyle exposures and risks, with adjustment for confounders, and gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment. Then, two open-source gene expression omnibus (GEO) validation datasets (52, 57 and 49, 48 HR and LR normal bowel tissues respectively) were analysed for these DNAm lifestyle exposures and risks, with adjustment for confounders. Results Our EWAS found 5 Bonferroni significant DMPs with absolute delta betas ≥ 5%, and 14 significant DMRs with absolute mean DMR delta betas ≥ 5%, replicated in the GPX7, RGS3 and TMEM135 cancer-associated genes. DNAm high alcohol exposures were strongly associated with increased risk of HR adenomas (odds ratio (OR) per standard deviation (SD) = 2.16 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.55 - 3.09, p-value = 9.7 × 10-6)). In the validation datasets, DNAm high alcohol (ORperSD = 2.12 (95% CI 1.35 - 3.55, p-value = 2.0 × 10-3) and ORperSD = 1.79 (95% CI 1.14 - 2.96, p-value = 1.7 × 10-2)), and high body mass index (BMI) exposures (ORperSD = 1.72 (95% CI 1.13 - 2.73, p-value = 1.5 × 10-2)) were associated with increased risk of HR normal bowel tissues. Conclusions High alcohol and BMI exposures may precondition normal bowel tissues and adenomas for increased risk of DNA methylation alterations associated with CRC progression. The DNAm exposure signatures and our newly identified genes may be useful epigenetic biomarkers for CRC prevention.
Interactions entre processus microbiens, cycle des nutriments et fonctionnement du couvert herbacé: cas de la nitrification dans les sols d'une savane humide de Côte d'Ivoire sous couvert à Hyparrhenia diplandra.

La nitrification dans les sols est un processus particulierement critique dans les systemes pauvres en nutriments comme la savane de Lamto (Afrique de l'Ouest) ou l'azote est considere comme le facteur limitant principal de la production primaire. Les facies domines par la Graminee Hyparrhenia diplandra sont connus pour exprimer de faibles potentiels de nitrification et ainsi eviter les pertes de nitrate. Nous avons utilise des sites a faible/fort potentiel de nitrification comme modeles afin d'etudier si la vegetation pouvait inhiber la nitrification, et les possibles consequences en termes de performance de l'ecosysteme et de cycle de nutriments. Nous avons montre la coexistence de sites a forts et faibles potentiels de nitrification. La stabilite de ces deux systemes a ete abordee via l'activite nitrate reductase d'H. diplandra, montrant une difference stable de modalite de nutrition entre sous-populations des deux sites. Nous avons demontre un controle direct in situ des sous-populations d'H. diplandra sur la nitrification par une balance inhibition/stimulation. Cette conclusion a ete etayee par l'observation de correlations negatives entre densite racinaire et nitrification en site non nitrifiant. La production epigee et le ratio epigee-hypogee du couvert en site nitrifiant sont tres inferieurs au site non nitrifiant. On a observe chez les H. diplandra du site nitrifiant des indices de taille et de croissance inferieurs en serre, in situ et decroissant quand elles sont melangees in situ aux individus du site non nitrifiant, suggerant une moins bonne competitivite peut-etre due a une moins bonne accessibilite a la ressource lumiere. Ces resultats suggerent une moins bonne accessibilite a l'azote du couvert en site nitrifiant et l'existence de sous-populations de Graminees exprimant diverses caracteristiques intrinseques differentes. De futures recherches devront s'interesser au mecanisme d'inhibition et a la stabilite et dynamique de ces deux systemes contrastes.
Charge Trapping in Al2O3/$\beta$ -Ga2O3-Based MOS Capacitors

Trapping characteristics of MOS structures with $\beta $ -Ga2O3 substrates and Al2O3 gate dielectrics are evaluated via constant-voltage stress and X-ray irradiation. Traps that affect bias-induced charging are located primarily in the Al2O3 dielectric layer, and are distributed broadly in time and/or energy. Stress-induced flatband voltage shifts are reduced by N2 annealing. Trap-assisted tunneling is shown to be responsible for the observed gate leakage. Hole trapping in the Al2O3 dielectric layer dominates device radiation response. The relatively modest radiation-induced charge trapping observed in these devices is promising for the potential future use of Al2O3/ $\beta $ -Ga2O3 devices in a space environment.
A Visualization Software Tool for Library of Congress Subject Headings

The aim of this study is to develop a software tool, VisuaLCSH, for effective searching, browsing, and maintenance of LCSH. This tool enables visualizing subject headings and hierarchical structures implied and embedded in LCSH. A conceptual framework for converting the hierarchical structure of headings in LCSH to an explicit tree structure is proposed, described, and implemented. The highlights of VisuaLCSH are summarized below: 1) revealing multiple aspects of a heading; 2) normalizing the hierarchical relationships in LCSH; 3) showing multi-level hierarchies in LCSH sub-trees; 4) improving the navigational function of LCSH in retrieval; and 5) enabling the implementation of generic search, i.e., the ‘exploding’ feature, in searching LCSH.
EL-SEP: Improved L-SEP by adding Single-hop layer

Wireless sensor nodes have limited energy, so it is important to optimize energy consumption to preserve network lifetime. Various protocols have been proposed for this purpose. LEACH protocol and SEP are the representative protocols. These protocols become less effective as the Sensor Field becomes wider. To improve this, MR-SEP and L-SEP were proposed. These protocols increase the energy efficiency by dividing the Sensor Field into layers and reducing the transmission distance. However, when dividing a layer, there are cases where it is divided inefficiently, and a node within a certain range from a Base Station has a better transmission efficiency than a direct transmission method using a cluster method. In this paper, we propose a Single-hop layer for L-SEP to improve inefficient layer division and near node transmission efficiency. When the larger the Sensor Field, the better the performance of the proposed method by up to 87%. The larger the sensor field, the more efficient the proposed method is over the conventional method. That is, the proposed method is suitable for the wide Sensor Field.
Effects of Controlled Crystalline Surface of Hydroxyapatite on Methane Oxidation Reactions

Hydroxyapatite (HAP, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) has a hexagonal prismatic structure that exposes two crystalline surfaces: prism-faceted a- and basal-faceted c-surfaces. In this work, the predominant exposure of c-surface was controlled, and its influences in methane oxidation reactions (combustion and oxidative coupling over HAP and lead-substituted HAP (Pb-HAP), respectively) were studied. The c-surface exposure was realized by crystal orientation in HAP-based catalyst film, which was created by an electrochemical deposition of HAP seeds on a titanium substrate, followed by hydrothermal crystallization and peeling off of the crystalline films from the substrate. In comparison to a-surface that is prevalently exposed in unoriented HAP-based catalysts, the c-surface (i.e., (002) crystalline plane) of HAP-based catalysts exhibited up to 47-fold enhancement in areal rate in both reactions. The distinct catalytic activity between these two crystalline surfaces is attributed to the preferential formation of oxide ions .
Photodegradation of sulfonamides in UV/ozone, UV/oxidant and UV/ozone/oxidant systems: comparison in terms of mineralization efficiency and power consumption

pH 5, the UV/O 3 /Na 2 S 2 O 8 system exhibited the highest energy efficiency for SMX mineralization whereas the UV/Na 2 S 2 O 8 system did so for STZ mineralization. The highest energy efficiency system varied with the parent compound.
Introduction to sequential Gaussian simulation 1

Geostatistics deals with two different problems: estimation and uncertainty quantification. MultiGaussian and indicator kriging allow determining the local uncertainty at every location. However, these methods do not permit quantifying uncertainty over a larger volume, or characterizing the expected variability in a sequence of points that will be transferred to another process. In this paper, the concept of geostatistical simulation is introduced along with an explanation about why it is necessary and how it is different from estimation. Sequential Gaussian simulation is introduced as one of the most used algorithms for multiGaussian simulation, and as a natural extension from multiGaussian kriging.
Emotion Detection and Opinion Mining from Student Comments for Teaching Innovation Assessment

Students can provide their opinions, comments, or suggestions about a course, course instructor, study environment, and available resources using the course evaluation at the end of every semester. This helps the course professors and other college authorities make appropriate changes or continue a particular approach to get the best experience in classrooms. These course evaluations are in both quantitative and qualitative forms. In quantitative feedback the evaluation is performed in terms of measurable outcomes and include a Likert-type scale to capture the level of agreement and disagreement. In qualitative feedback the students can convey their feelings, opinions or suggestions about the course, the course instructor, or their overall thoughts/comments towards the course. The qualitative feedbacks provide freedom for the students to express their honest thoughts on a course. The data collected in the qualitative form provides deeper insight into a student’s emotional state. In this work we focus on mining the qualitative student feedbacks and analyzing the student sentiments. We also analyze the efficiency of Light Weight teams and Flipped Classroom approach which are Active Learning methods. Results show that the implementation of these Active Learning methods is linked with increased positivity in student emotions.
Modelling the Thermal Degradation and Stabilisation of PVC in a Torque Rheometer

Abstract A novel method for simulating the torque and temperature curves from a torque rheometer thermal stability test on poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) was developed. A mathematical model was proposed which combines the chemical kinetics involved in the thermal degradation and stabilisation process of PVC with heat transfer and viscosity relationships within the torque rheometer. The model coefficients were fitted to data obtained from previous experiments with a program written in the Python programming language using the Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm (LMA) with multiple starts. The mathematical model fits the torque rheometer data successfully depending on the characteristics of the torque curve. The model fit is successful when the torque curve follows the expected behaviour. An unsuccessful model fit occurs when the torque curve deviates from the expected shape in a very specific way. In the degradation phase the torque curve increases to a local maximum, decreases to a local minimum and then increases again. The exact reason for the dip in torque is unknown.
KnowFi: Knowledge Extraction from Long Fictional Texts

Knowledge base construction has recently been extended to ﬁctional domains like multi-volume novels and TV/movie series, aiming to support explorative queries for fans and sub-culture studies by humanities researchers. This task involves the extraction of relations between entities. State-of-the-art methods are geared for short input texts and basic relations, but ﬁctional domains require tapping very long texts and need to cope with non-standard relations where distant supervision becomes sparse. This work addresses these challenges by a novel method, called KnowFi, that combines BERT-enhanced neural learning with judicious selection and aggregation of text passages. Experiments with several ﬁctional domains demonstrate the gains that KnowFi achieves over the best prior methods for neural relation extraction.
Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of leaves of Amaranthus hybridus L., Corchorus olitorius L and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. grown in northen of Côte d’Ivoire

Our work was based on the study of aqueous and hydroethanol extracts from the leaves of Amaranthus hybridus L. (Amaranthaceae), Corchorus olitorius L. (Tiliaceae) and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae), and decoction. This work presents for the first time the phytochemical screening and the antioxidant activity of extracts of leaves of these three plants coming from the Côte d’Ivoire. Phytochemical analysis of these extracts revealed the presence of polyphenols and alkaloids in the three leaves. The total phenolic content of the extracts showed variations, between 13.22 and 90.89 mg GAE/g. The hydroethanol extract (90.89 mg GAE/g) and decoction of C. olitorius (57.89 mg GAE/g) had the most elevated contents. The evaluation of the reducing power with DPPH method revealed that the hydroethanol extract of C. olitorius was the most active (IC50 = 45.58 µg/mL). This result was in agreement with that obtained by FRAP method.
Same Side Stance Classiﬁcation

This paper introduces the Same Side Stance Classiﬁcation problem and reports on the outcome of a related shared task, which has been collocated with the Sixth Workshop on Argument Mining at the ACL 2019 in Florence. 1 We have proposed this task as a variant of the well-known stance classiﬁcation task: Instead of predicting for a single argument whether it has a positive or negative stance towards a given topic, same side classiﬁcation ‘merely’ involves the prediction of whether two given arguments share the same stance. The paper in hand provides the rationale for proposing this task, overviews important related work, describes the developed datasets, and reports on the results along with the main methods of the nine submitted systems. We draw conclusions from these results with respect to the suitability of the task as a proxy for measuring progress in the ﬁeld of argument mining.
Impact of Photovoltaic Generation Integration on Protection of Distribution Systems

Photovoltaic (PV) distributed generation (PVDG) has grown significantly in the recent years due to the rapid development of power electronic technologies. The PVDG is usually integrated to distribution systems. The integration of PVDG can alleviate energy demand effectively while reduce air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. However, with the increasing integration, the PVDG systems inevitably lead to significant challenges on operation of power systems, including protection of distribution systems. In the existing literature, only a few papers discussed the impact of the integration of PVDG on the protection of distribution systems, and the corresponding technical challenges are not fully clarified. To fill the gap, this paper develops a generic distribution system with the integration of a PVDG system to analyze the impact of integration of PVDG on the overcurrent protection of the distribution system. It is found that the control of PV inverters can limit the fault current significantly during a short-circuit (SC) fault. This makes the SC current of the faulted feeder too low to trigger the circuit breaker, leading to a protection failure (should operate but does not). To verify this conclusion, a comparison case with the connection of a traditional synchronous generator is provided in this paper. Keywords—PV generation, protection of distribution systems, current control, PV inverter, SC fault.
Revisiting three anonymous two-factor authentication schemes for roaming service in global mobility networks

Designing a secure and efficient anonymous authentication protocol for roaming services in global mobile networks is a hot topic in the field of information security protocols. Based on the widely accepted attacker model, this paper analyzes the security of three representative anonymous authentication protocols in global mobile networks. It is pointed out that: (1) Xu et al.’s protocol cannot resist the claimed offline password guessing attack and mobile user impersonation attack, and do not achieve mobile user untraceability and forward security; (2) Gupta et al.’s protocol cannot resist offline password guessing attacks, and temporary information disclosure attacks; (3) Madhusudhan et al.’s protocol cannot resistmobile user impersonation attack, foreign agent impersonation attack, replay attack, offline password guessing attack and session key disclosure attack, and cannot realize the anonymity and untraceability and forward security of users. It is emphasized that the fundamental reason for the failure of these protocols lies in the violation of the four basic principles of protocol design: Public key principle, Forward security principle, User anonymity principle and Anti offline guessing attack principle. The specific mistakes of these schemes are clarified, and the corresponding correction methods are proposed.
ANALYSIS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF AA7178- Al2O3 COMPOSITES IN HOT ROLLING TECHNIQUE USING TAHUCHI METHOD

M. NAGARJUNA, Dr. S. GAJANANA & Dr. A. KRISHNAIAH Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brilliant Institute of Engineering Technology Hyderabad, India Professors, Department of Mechanical Engineering, MVSR Engineering College Hyderabad, India Vice Principal and Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College of Engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India ABSTRACT
A 34-Year-Old Woman with Third-Degree Heart Block and Atrial Flutter Associated with Lyme Carditis: A Case Report

Patient: Female, 34-year-old Final Diagnosis: Lyme carditis Symptoms: Dizziness • dyspnea • fatigue Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Cardioversion Specialty: Cardiology Objective: Rare disease Background: Lyme disease is a tick-borne illness caused by bacteria of the Borrelia genus, endemic to the northeastern region of the United States. It typically presents with fevers, myalgias, and erythema migrans, but it can result in disseminated symptoms if left untreated. Lyme carditis is a rare, but potentially fatal complication of Lyme disease, occurring in up to 4–10% of untreated cases. Typically, it presents with atrioventricular conduction abnormalities, which resolve with intravenous antibiotics and temporary pacing if indicated. Diverse cardiac pathology, however, has been associated with Lyme carditis, which may be underrecognized in practice. Case Report: A 34-year-old woman with no significant medical history presented with fatigue, dizziness, and shortness of breath, 2 weeks after camping in Rhode Island. Her presenting electrocardiogram demonstrated third-degree heart block. She was noted to have targetoid rashes on her left shoulder and breast on physical examination. On laboratory work-up, she was found to have positive Lyme total antibody enzyme immunoassay and positive Lyme western immunoblot. The findings were diagnostic for Lyme carditis. The patient’s cardiac rhythm subsequently converted to slow atrial flutter with variable ventricular response unresponsive to antibiotic therapy. Given evidence suggesting that atrioventricular conduction was preserved, synchronized electrical cardio-version was pursued and was ultimately successful in rhythm conversion to normal sinus rhythm. Conclusions: Although Lyme carditis is rare, this diagnosis should be of high clinical consideration in presentations of cardiac conduction abnormalities with acute onset and without other obvious cause, particularly in Lyme-endemic regions such as the northeastern United States.