Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
X-ray bursts

The observations and progress in the theoretical understanding of X-ray burst sources are reviewed. Of about 150 known low mass X-ray binary systems, X-ray bursts have been observed from about 50 sources. X-ray bursts exhibit a wide variety of profiles; rise times vary from less than a second to about 10 s and decay times are in the range of 10 s to minutes with the decays much shorter at high energies than at low energies. The bursts are characterized by peak luminosities greater than 10,000 times that of the sun, peak temperatures of about 2 keV, and recur at intervals of several hours. Study of the radiation from these sources demonstrates that these sources are binary systems in which a neutron star is a member. Theoretical studies reveal that the X-ray burst results from either a combination of hydrogen and helium burning or pure helium burning in thermonuclear flashes in the envelope of an accreting neutron star.
A Novel State-of-Charge Estimation Method for Lithium-ion Batteries Using Convolutional Transformer Network and Sigma-point Kalman Filter

Achieving accurate and real-time state-of-charge (SOC) estimation can ensure the proper use of energy in lithium-ion batteries (LiB). In this paper, a novel SOC estimation method for LiB based on the convolutional Transformer network (CTN) and sigma-point Kalman filter (SPKF) is proposed. First, the CTN is used to fully extract temporal and spatial features from the input observed data, and roughly output the SOC estimates. Then, to mitigate the output fluctuation of CTN, the SPKF is used to flatten the estimated results and improve the estimation accuracy. The main advantage of the proposed method is that it avoids the burdensome battery modeling and model parameter identification process of traditional filters, thus improving the application efficiency. The effectiveness of the proposed method was evaluated on the Panasonic battery dataset, and the results indicated that it produced SOC estimation results with high accuracy under different operating conditions of the battery.
FINITE ELEMENT METHODS FOR NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS

The main goal of this article is to address the finite element solution of the Navier-Stokes equations modeling compressible and incompressible viscous flow. It is the opinion of the authors that most general and reliable incompressible viscous flow simulators arc based on finite clement method­ ologies; these simulators, which can handle complicated geometries and boundary conditions, free surfaces, and turbulence effects, are well suited to industrial applications. On the other hand, the situation is much less satisfying concerning compressible viscous flow simulation, particularly at high Reynolds and Mach numbers and much progress must still be made in order to reach the degree of achievement obtained by the incompressible flow simulations. In this article, whose scope has been voluntarily limited, we concentrate on those topics combining our own work and the work of others with which we are familiar. The paper has been divided into two parts: In the first part (Sections I to 5) we discuss the various ingredients of a solution methodology for incompressible viscous flow based on operator splitting. Via splitting one obtains, at each time step, two families of subproblems: one of advection-diffusion type and one related to the steady Stokes
Non Linear Time Series A Dynamical System Approach

non linear time series a dynamical system approach is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our books collection hosts in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the non linear time series a dynamical system approach is universally compatible with any devices to read.
Random Number Generation Based DoS Attack-resilient Distributed Secondary Control Strategy

With the increasing application of communication technologies, the distributed secondary control in the islanded microgrids (MGs) is in danger due to previously unheard-of denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. Current studies rarely delve into how DoS attacks affect frequency restoration and active power sharing and their defensive strategies. In this paper, we firstly design the principle of random number generation (RNG) to verify the correctness of the transmission data. Then, the implementation of the RNG-based DoS attack-resilient distributed control strategy is able to effectively detect and mitigate DoS attacks, meanwhile, improving the resilience of MGs. Eventually, an islanded MG test system is simulated by using the MATLAB/Simulink toolbox. The simulation results reveal that the proposed RNG-based DoS attack-resilient strategy is feasible and effective under normal and high-frequency DoS attacks.
Comparison of UV‐Cl and UV‐H2O2 advanced oxidation processes in the degradation of contaminants from water and wastewater: A review

Applications of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) in water and wastewater treatment have been the subject of growing interest throughout the last decade. Although UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV‐H2O2) is the most established technology among the UV‐AOPs, UV‐chlorine (UV‐Cl) is emerging as a reliable and potentially more cost‐effective alternative. Recent studies have indicated that UV‐Cl processes may be more efficient and economically favourable for the degradation of some chemicals of emerging concern from contaminated water. Moreover, in terms of the formation of disinfection by‐products (DBPs), UV‐H2O2 seems to have no superiority over UV‐Cl. This said, more investigation in the assessment of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of DBPs is required. Additionally, more pilot‐scale and full‐scale studies are required to establish UV‐Cl as a reliable alternative to UV‐ H2O2. This paper compares UV‐Cl and UV‐H2O2 AOPs for the degradation of intractable chemicals from water and wastewater based on the practical considerations of efficiency, cost, DBP formation, kinetics and sensitivity to water matrix variability. Finally, various modelling approaches to UV‐Cl have been reviewed. This review showed that UV‐Cl is superior to UV‐H2O2 in terms of degradation efficiency and cost effectiveness and can be a robust alternative in many UV‐AOPs applications.
Amelioration of Nicotine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference Behaviors in Mice by an FABP3 Inhibitor

We previously demonstrated that fatty acid-binding protein 3 null (FABP3−/−) mice exhibit resistance to nicotine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP). Here, we confirm that the FABP3 inhibitor, MF1 ((4-(2-(1-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)phenoxy) butanoic acid), successfully reduces nicotine-induced CPP scores in mice. MF1 (0.3 or 1.0 mg/kg) was orally administered 30 min before nicotine, and CPP scores were assessed in the conditioning, withdrawal, and relapse phases. MF1 treatment decreased CPP scores in a dose-dependent manner. Failure of CPP induction by MF1 (1.0 mg/kg, p.o.) was associated with the inhibition of both CaMKII and ERK activation in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and hippocampal CA1 regions. MF1 treatment reduced nicotine-induced increases in phosphorylated CaMKII and cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB)-positive cells. Importantly, the increase in dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) levels following chronic nicotine exposure was inhibited by MF1 treatment. Moreover, the quinpirole (QNP)-induced increase in the level of CaMKII and ERK phosphorylation was significantly inhibited by MF1 treatment of cultured NAc slices from wild type (WT) mice; however, QNP treatment had no effect on CaMKII and ERK phosphorylation levels in the NAc of D2R null mice. Taken together, these results show that MF1 treatment suppressed D2R/FABP3 signaling, thereby preventing nicotine-induced CPP induction. Hence, MF1 can be used as a novel drug to block addiction to nicotine and other drugs by inhibiting the dopaminergic system.
Investigations into a cavity-backed circular-patch antenna

An empirical formula for resonant frequency of a circular cavity-enclosed circular-patch antenna is tested with measured results. The patch miniaturization in the presence of the cavity is proved. Different design curves in terms of resonant frequencies and bandwidth are derived to facilitate antenna design without a priori knowledge of complex numerical techniques. A simple gain formula for a circular-patch antenna is derived and tested against the measured gain data. The results agree very well. The beamwidth, axial ratio, and mutual coupling in the presence of the cavity are investigated.
Indexation multimédia par dictionnaires visuels en environnement décentralisé - Une approche par protocoles Gossip

RESUME. Pour permettre la recherche par le contenu de documents multimedia repartis sur de larges reseaux, nous proposons un systeme d’indexation base sur l’apprentissage decentralise et asynchrone de dictionnaires visuels. Nous proposons un algorithme decentralise pour le calcul des dictionnaires base sur un protocole d’agregation Gossip, qui produit un dictionnaire local performant en chaque nœud du reseau. Nous fournissons une loi empirique pour determiner les parametres optimaux du systeme selon la taille du reseau cible, qui permettent d’obtenir des dictionnaires egaux entre nœuds pour un cout de communication faible. Une etude experimentale met en evidence les capacites de passage a l’echelle et la qualite de recherche du systeme.
Probabilistic Prediction of Remaining Useful Life of Lithium-ion Batteries

To alleviate the concern about the safety and reliability of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles, the prediction of remaining useful life (RUL) is attracting growing attention. General deterministic approaches focus more on estimating the expected values of RUL, while the inherent uncertainty in RUL has not been fully addressed. In this paper, two probabilistic prediction methods, linear quantile regression (LQR) and quantile regression random forest (QRRF), are proposed to address the above issues. Using a publicly available dataset from MIT, the performance of the proposed methods is validated, and the uncertainty of RUL is discussed. The results show that both methods achieve good performance in the probabilistic prediction while maintaining acceptable deterministic accuracy. However, due to the notable variations in the signal-to-noise ratio in the battery data at different aging cycles, LQR and QRRF exhibit their better prediction performance in the early and late stages of battery life, respectively.
Volcanic tremor: Nonlinear excitation by fluid flow

A nonlinear process analogous to the excitation mechanism of musical wind instruments and human vocal cords can explain many characteristics of volcanic tremor, including (1) periodic and “chaotic” oscillations, with peaked and irregular spectra respectively, (2) rapid pulsations in eruptions occurring at the same frequency as tremor, (3) systematic changes in tremor amplitude as channel geometry evolves during an eruption, (4) the period doubling reported for Hawaiian deep tremor, and (5) the fact that the onset of tremor can be either gradual or abrupt. Volcanic “long-period” earthquakes can be explained as oscillations excited by transient disturbances produced by nearby earthquakes, fluid heterogeneity, or changes in channel geometry, when the magma flow rate is too low to excite continuous tremor. A simple lumped-parameter tremor model involving the flow of an incompressible viscous fluid through a channel with movable elastic walls leads to a third-order system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. For different driving fluid pressures, numerical solutions exhibit steady flow, simple limit-cycle oscillations, a cascade of period-doubling subharmonic bifurcations, and chaotic oscillations controlled by a strange attractor of Rossler type. In this model, tremor occurs most easily at local constrictions, and fluid discharge is lower than would occur in unstable steady flow.
IXIAM: ISA EXtension for Integrated Accelerator Management

During the last few years, hardware accelerators have been gaining popularity thanks to their ability to achieve higher performance and efficiency than classic general-purpose solutions. They are fundamentally shaping the current generations of Systems-on-Chip (SoCs), which are becoming increasingly heterogeneous. However, despite their widespread use, a standard, general solution to manage them while providing speed and consistency has not yet been found. Common methodologies rely on OS mediation and a mix of user-space and kernel-space drivers, which can be inefficient, especially for fine-grained tasks. This paper addresses these sources of inefficiencies by proposing an ISA eXtension for Integrated Accelerator Management (IXIAM), a cost-effective HW-SW framework to control a wide variety of accelerators in a standard way, and directly from the cores. The proposed instructions include reservation, work offloading, data transfer, and synchronization. They can be wrapped in a high-level software API or even integrated into a compiler. IXIAM features also a user-space interrupt mechanism to signal events directly to the user process. We implement it as a RISC-V extension in the gem5 simulator and demonstrate detailed support for complex accelerators, as well as the ability to specify sequences of memory transfers and computations directly from the ISA and with significantly lower overhead than driver-based schemes. IXIAM provides a performance advantage that is more evident for small and medium workloads, reaching around $90\times $ in the best case. This way, we enlarge the set of workloads that would benefit from hardware acceleration.
Strong charge-transfer excitonic effects in C 4 H-type hydrogenated graphene

The electronic and optical properties of a new type of hydrogenated graphene in the C${}_{4}$H phase have been studied using the first-principles many-body Green's function method ($\mathit{GW}$ approximation and Bethe\char21{}Salpeter equation). It demonstrates that strong charge-transfer excitonic effects dominate the optical properties of C${}_{4}$H. The binding energy of the first exciton, which turns out to be strongly localized, is as large as 1.67 eV. The spatial separation of exited electrons and holes makes C${}_{4}$H a candidate for the realization of excitonic Bose\char21{}Einstein condensate. Dark state provides a traveling path for the bound excitons. As the situation in graphane with H vacancies, changing H coverage changes the electronic and optical properties and the associated applications.
Node Trusted Computing Mechanism Design and Application under the Main-side Blockchain Architecture

The power system can combine the decentralization, openness, transparency, traceability and other characteristics of the blockchain to promote the further development of the power system in the future. At present, distributed power transactions based on blockchain have received extensive attention. With the sharp increase of the main body of electricity, in order to improve the transaction rate and storage capacity, the main-side blockchain transaction structuring is starting to get attention. However, how to design a trusted computing mechanism to identify malicious nodes under the main-side blockchain transaction architecture is an urgent problem to be solved. Based on this, this paper designs a new time-constrained intra-domain and cross-domain credibility mechanism for the main-side blockchain nodes under the main-side blockchain architecture. Using this credibility mechanism can effectively find malicious nodes and quickly realize the trusted computing for nodes. Experiments show that the intra-domain and cross-domain credibility mechanism designed in this paper has little effect on the throughput and delay of the main-side blockchain transactions. In particular, this paper designs a unique cross-domain credibility mechanism, it can more effectively identify malicious nodes and greatly reduce cross-domain nodes becoming malicious node.
Liposomes in Cancer Therapy: How Did We Start and Where Are We Now

Since their first discovery in the 1960s by Alec Bangham, liposomes have been shown to be effective drug delivery systems for treating various cancers. Several liposome-based formulations received approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA), with many others in clinical trials. Liposomes have several advantages, including improved pharmacokinetic properties of the encapsulated drug, reduced systemic toxicity, extended circulation time, and targeted disposition in tumor sites due to the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) mechanism. However, it is worth noting that despite their efficacy in treating various cancers, liposomes still have some potential toxicity and lack specific targeting and disposition. This explains, in part, why their translation into the clinic has progressed only incrementally, which poses the need for more research to focus on addressing such translational limitations. This review summarizes the main properties of liposomes, their current status in cancer therapy, and their limitations and challenges to achieving maximal therapeutic efficacy.
The Design and Implementation of Complex Float Matrix Multiplication Operation Based on High-level Synthesis

The large scale floating point matrix operations are widely used in numerical analysis, image processing and signal processing. This paper studies the design and implementation of the complex floating-point matrix multiplication operations based on high level synthesis (HLS), mainly including the design and implementation of complex floating-point matrix operation architecture, the large-scale RAM model, and the random matrix verification platform. The complex-floating-point multiplication and accumulation array is designed by HLS approach, the large-scale complex floating point matrix-vector multiply operation is implemented by instancing and paralleling the arrays, and the chip development period is greatly shorted. The correctness of complex matrix operation is verified by establishing a random verification platform. The operation latency is only 22 cycles for the 32-dimension complex-floating-point matrix multiplication at a clock cycle of 800MHz, that is only 27.5ns to implement the matrix-vector multiplication operation under the pipelining processing and the circuit meets the timing requirements.
SAR Image Edge Detection Using Sparse Representation and LS-SVM ?

A new edge detection method for SAR images using sparse representation and Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM) is presented. To suppress speckle, a new improved sparse representation de-noising in Shearlet domain is applied to SAR image flrst. After that, high quality SAR image edge can be detected by using LS-SVM edge detector. The experimental results demonstrate its efiectiveness and superiority in terms of edge positioning accuracy and integrity. And it also has a fewer false edge points.
Learning Techniques for Depression Detection: A Comparative Studies

Depression is a common mental problem that can fundamentally affect individuals' emotional wellness as well as their everyday lives. After COVID-19 other pandemics and subsequent social isolation this issue is more potent than ever. Numerous research works have been going on searching for methods that effectively recognize depression in order to detect depression. In this regard, a number of studies have been proposed. In this study, it examines a number of previous ones utilizing various Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods for depression detection. In addition, various methods for determining an individual's mood and emotion are discussed. This study also discusses how facial expression, voice, gesture can be understood by chatbot and classified it as a depressed person or not. Addition to this, it reviews all the related research works and evaluates their methods to detect depression.
Reasoning and Experimenting within Zadeh''s Fuzzy Propositional Logic

We present several decision algorithms within the fuzzy propositional logic based on Zadeh''s implication operator $p\rightarrow q =\max\{1-p, q\}$, deciding both the fuzzy SAT problem as well as the best truth value bound problem, \ie\ compute the best truth value bounds of a proposition with respect to a theory. Further, we evaluate all the algorithms by adapting and extending the well know methods for evaluating SAT decision algorithms. We show that both problems present the typical easy-hard-easy pattern.
Effect of Hydrogen on Electrical Performance of Pt/Au β-Ga2O3 (001) Schottky Barrier Diodes

The effect of hydrogen on <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\beta $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-gallium oxide (Ga2O3) (001) Schottky barrier diode (SBD) device has been studied in this article for the first time. It was found that the electrical performance of the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\beta $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-Ga2O3 SBDs changed significantly after hydrogen treatment, including the turn-on voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {on}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> decreased by 0.3 V and the forward (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${J}_{\text {F}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> current density increased by 28frequency-dependent conductance technique, it is found that the time constants were decreased from 0.09–0.3 to 0.06–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.09 ~\mu \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> after hydrogen treatment. Meanwhile, the density of interface states decreases from <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.1\times 10^{{12}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4.2\times 10^{{12}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$7.5\times 10^{{11}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.6\times 10^{{12}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{-{2}}\cdot $ </tex-math></inline-formula>eV−1 with a decrease in trap activation energy from 0.1–0.13 to 0.09–0.1 eV after hydrogen treatment. Utilizing the time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), it is observed that the density of hydrogen at the Pt/Ga2O3 interface is increased by more than one order of magnitude for the device with hydrogen treatment. The effect of hydrogen on Pt/Au <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\beta $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-Ga2O3 SBDs can be mainly attributed to the passivation of traps by hydrogen atoms near the Pt/Ga2O3 interface.
300/spl deg/C clamp-on ultrasonic transducers for measuring water flow and level

A waveguide that resembles a thin hockey stick has been developed to convey shear waves without dispersion over paths of 10 to 50 cm. This waveguide can be clamped or welded to hot pipes to measure the flow of superheated water. Clamp-on results from the first field trials at 260/spl deg/C are presented.