Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cartography

The aim of this work is to study the fluctuations of the components of the zenith tropospheric delay during the annual period according to the ground meteorological measurements in Ukraine. Methodolodgy . The surface values of meteorological values at the stations: Lviv, Kyiv, Kharkiv and Odesa, obtained in 2019 with an interval of 3 hours were used for the research. A total amount of 2020 measurements at each of the stations has been presented. The calculation of the components of the zenith tropospheric delay was performed according to the Saastamoinen formula. According to the calculated values of the components, graphs of changes in the dry and wet components of the zenith tropospheric delay for each of the stations during constructed. Subsequently, the monthly average and annual average values of the components were calculated and compared with each other. Results . Based on studies of changes in delay values at four Ukrainian meteorological stations for the period of 2019, it was found that the monthly average values of ZHD component are higher at stations whose altitude is lower. The wet component of ZWD during the year acquires the biggest values in summer. Annual fluctuations of the dry component of ZHD have a much smaller amplitude than the wet ZWD. The amplitude of the change in the total delay is determined by the amplitude of the change of the wet component, which at different stations is almost two times bigger than the amplitude of the change of the dry component, although ZWD is only up to 10% of ZTD. Thus, the variations in the total tropospheric delay, which indirectly reflects the weather and climatic processes due to variations in the wet component . Scientific novelty and practical significance consist in identifying the features of the annual change in the components of tropospheric delay at stations in different climatic and weather conditions. The performed research can be used in the tasks of monitoring of large hydraulic structures by GNSS methods to create regional models of the atmosphere and further studies of tropospheric delay, as they relate to its changes in space and time.
FIELD TESTING OF A REINFORCED CONCRETE HIGHWAY BRIDGE TO COLLAPSE

A three-span reinforced concrete slab bridge was loaded to collapse. The slab was 9.75 m (32 ft) wide and 30.5 cm (12 in) thick, and on each edge was cast a 92 by 25.4-cm (34 by 10-in) curb. Loading was produced by hydraulic rams that were reacted to by overhead steel beams attached to the piers by tension rods through the slabs. the load was increased at intervals, and at each interval deflection and strain on the concrete surface were measured. The strength of the concrete and steel materials was more than the design minimum values; average cylinder strength was 47.33 MPa (6865 lbf/in square) compared with a design value of 20.68 MPa (3000 lbf/in square), and average steel coupon yield strength was 365.77 MPa (53 050 lbf/in square) compared with a design value of 275.79 MPa (40 000 lbf/in square). The results indicate that (a) the measured concrete stresses were lower than the calculated values; (b) the load causing first permanent set was accurately predicted by calculaing the yield moment in the slab; (c) the collapse load was accurately predicted by considering the formation of yield moments along the centerline and over the piers of the bridge for a channel section loaded around its weak axis; and (d) based on the line load for the center span, it would take 8 HS20-44 trucks placed in the center of the bridge to cause any permanent deflection and 20 HS20-44 trucks to cause collapse. /Author/
An Exploratory Study of the Cultural Values of Cameroon’s Young, Elite, Urban Population: Implications for Management and International Business

The cultural orientation of Cameroon’s young, urban elite population is assessed using Hofstede’s Value Survey Module (VSM 2013). The survey questionnaire contains 30 items that tap into six cultural dimensions. Cameroon was not included in Hofstede’s original or subsequent studies. While there has been research on the national culture of other African countries, there is a dearth of empirically based studies on Cameroon’s cultural classification. The VSM 2013 was administered to 50 individuals enrolled at a major university. This represents a distinct segment of the country’s population. Analysis of the data revealed that the Cameroonian people are low in power distance, strongly collectivistic, somewhat feminine in nature, and highly accepting of uncertainty. They possess a short-term orientation towards time and are restrained in the expression of impulses and desires. This paper compares the cultural dimension scores found in Cameroon to other countries in the region and beyond. The results show cultural similarities and differences with other global nations including Brazil, China, Germany, and the USA. Implications for management and international business are discussed.
Routine Data Processing in Earthquake Seismology: With Sample Data, Exercises and Software

Preface. 1. Introduction. 1.1. Earthquakes. 1.2. Recording seismic events and picking phases. 1.3. Locating earthquakes. 1.4. Magnitude. 1.5. Fault plane solution. 1.6. Further data analysis. 1.7. Software. 2. Earth structure and seismic phases. 2.1. Earth structure. 2.2. Seismic rays. 2.3. Seismic phases. 2.4. Travel times. 2.5. Seismic phases at different distances. 2.6. Determination of structure. 2.7. Exercises. 3. Instruments and waveform data. 3.1. Seismic sensors. 3.2. Seismic recorders. 3.3. Correction for instrument response. 3.4. Waveform formats. 3.5. Seismic noise. 3.6. Exercises. 4. Signal processing. 4.1. Filtering. 4.2. Spectral analysis and instrument correction. 4.3. Reading seismic phases. 4.4. Correlation. 4.5. Particle motion and component rotation. 4.6. Resampling. 4.7. Software. 4.8. Exercises. 5. Location. 5.1. Single station location. 5.2. Multiple station location. 5.3. Computer implementation. 5.4. Error quantification and statistics. 5.5 Relative lovation methods. 5.6. Practical considerations in earthquake locations. 5.7. Software. 5.8. Exercises. 6. Magnitude. 6.1. Amplitude and period measurements. 6.2. Local magnitude ML . 6.3. Coda magnitude Mc. 6.4. Body wave magnitude mb. 6.5. Broad band body wave magnitude mB. 6.6. Surface wave magnitude Ms. 6.7. Broad band surface wave magnitude MS. 6.8. Lg - wave magnitude. 6.9. Moment magnitude MW. 6.10. Energy magnitude Me. 6.11. Comparison of magnitude scales. 6.12. Summary. 6.13. Average magnitude and station corrections. 6.14. Adjusting magnitude scales to local or regional conditions. 6.15. Exercises. 7. Focal mechanism and seismogram modeling. 7.1. Fault geometry. 7.2. Source radiation. 7.3. Fault plane solution in practice. 7.4. Obtaining polarity. 7.5. Fault plane solutionusing local data and polarity. 7.6. Composite fault plane solution. 7.7. Fault plane solution using global data. 7.8. Fault plane solution using amplitudes. 7.9 Moment tensor. 7.10. Moment tensor inversion. 7.11. Seismogram modeling. 7.12. Software. 7.13. Exercises. 8. Spectral analysis. 8.1. Attenuation. 8.2. Seismic source model. 8.3. Geometrical spreading. 8.4. Self similarity and seismic source spectra. 8.5. Determination of Q. 8.6. Soil amplification. 8.7. Exercises. 9. Array processing. 9.1. Basic array parameters. 9.2. Beam forming. 9.3. Frequency - wavenumber analysis (fk). 9.4. Array response. 9.5. Processing software. 9.6. Using array measurements for identifying phases. 9.7. Exercises. 10. Operation. 10.1. Data and data storage. 10.2. Routine processing. 10.3. Data exchange. 10.4. Earthquake statistics. 10.5. Software. 10.6. Exercises. References. Software references. Index.
Optimal Allocation of Tomato Supply to Minimize Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Major U.S. Metropolitan Markets

The United States food system requires energy, water, and land in significant proportions, releases large quantities of greenhouse gases, and contributes to other environmental concerns. Meeting future demand for fresh food will be especially challenging, requiring the adoption of holistic, systems-level thinking to maximize production and supply while limiting consequences to the climate and natural resources. We have developed a cradle-to-market life-cycle environmental model to assess the greenhouse gas footprint of fresh tomatoes supplied to ten of the largest metropolitan statistical areas in the United States. A linear optimization algorithm is applied to determine the optimal tomato distribution scheme that will minimize tomato-related greenhouse gas emissions across all ten areas. Monte Carlo simulation was performed to assess the uncertainties in the data. Results indicate that the current tomato distribution scheme is suboptimal; re-allocating the fresh tomato supply across these ten areas has the potential to decrease transportation-related emissions by 34% and overall tomato-related greenhouse gas emissions by 13%—from 277,000 MTCO2e to 242,000 MTCO2e. The substantial variability of the optimized scenario raises questions about its practical implementation. Ultimately, however, production practices and geographic conditions (such as soil and climate) are more significant with respect to environmental impact than the supply allocation or the seasonality of supply. Our analysis found a roughly six-fold difference between Philadelphia tomatoes sourced from open-field Virginian production (0.38 kgCO2e/kg) compared with controlled-environment Mexican production (2.3 kgCO2e/kg).
Partial Discharge Detection in High Voltage Equipment

Electrical discharges that do not completely bridge the electrodes are called partial discharges. Although small, these discharges have been known for more than fifty years to cause progressive deterioration. Since 1945 the use of new high voltage dielectrics has required the use of sophisticated detection techniques. Discharge detection has grown into an indispensible tool for the evaluation of modern insulation. The subject has received little attention in books on high voltage techniques although a good deal is scattered in various papers and reports. The object of this book is to collect this knowledge and present it as a coherent study. Topics covered include the behaviour detection and measurement of discharges, the choice of detection method and procedure, the location of discharges and discharge detection in practice.
The Internet and E-Commerce Legal Handbook: A Clear and Concise Reference for Lawyers and Legal Personnel, Executives, It and Software Professionals, An

From the Publisher: The proliferation of e-commerce has created an overwhelming number of laws that govern online business. From data collection, encryption, and intellectual property to personal privacy, libel, and international trade, you and your company must carefully navigate a tangled web of new regulations to build real value through your e-commerce strategies. The Internet & E-Commerce Legal Handbook answers all your questions and guides you easily through the legal issues of conducting business online. Whether you're a corporate attorney or a small-business owner, a CIO or a Web designer, you'll find yourself consulting this approachable, up-to-date resource every day to ensure the security, safety, and profitability of your online initiatives. Inside, e-commerce law expert and attorney Scott W. Pink gives you comprehensive information on the court rulings, regulations, and protocols that affect you -- without all the legal jargon -- and makes your rights and responsibilities clear. Complete with standard legal forms you can use, a complete glossary of Internet and e-commerce terminology, and special sections for attorneys with case studies and statutes, this book takes the guess work out of building a bulletproof online business.
Design of a Performance Benchmarker for Fully Distributed IaaS Clouds

Nerdalize B.V. is an infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) cloud provider aiming to offer substantially lower prices than its competitors. In order to visualize its cost savings to customers and measure its own systems against competitors in a cloud market reigned by opaque pricing models, it would like to utilize an application benchmarker to give customers insight into the resource utilization and operation costs of their applications among various cloud providers. We have done research into the fields of cloud computing, benchmarking and the intersection thereof, determined requirements for such a benchmarker, and assessed any existing solutions in the field. We then chose Nerdalize’s internal prototype implementation as a suitable base to develop a fully featured, production-ready application benchmarker. We identified five main design goals of correctness, robustness, security, extensibility and maintainability. We then analyzed and prioritized potential improvements and extensions to this prototype, and implemented them in an agile-driven Extreme Programming (XP) development process. The main contributions lie in designing and implementing a fully automated test suite and system, vastly improving the accuracy and stability of the benchmarker, re-designing the deployment model from monolithic to modularized and extensible, implementing support for provisioning to arbitrary Linux-based hosts, and deployment of complex workload architectures. We then experimentally verify the accuracy of the benchmarker, and assess that its deployment overhead is very small to negligible, and run several tests against real-world cloud providers. The end result of this project is a stable, well-tested, featured benchmarker application that is used in production environments at Nerdalize.
Analysis of Digital Communication Signals and Extraction of Parameters.

Abstract : The signal classification performance of four types of Electronics Support Measure (ESM) Communications detection systems is compared from the standpoint of the unintended receiver (interceptor). Typical digital communication signals considered include Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), and On-Off Keying (00K). The analysis emphasizes the use of available signal processing software. Detection methods compared include broadband energy detection, FFT-based narrowband energy detection, and two correlation methods which employ the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The correlation methods utilize modified time-frequency distributions, where one of these is based on the Wigner-Ville Distribution (WVD). Gaussian white noise is added to the signal to simulate various signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs).
A theory and model for the evolution of software services

Software services are subject to constant change and variation. To control service development, a service developer needs to know why a change was made, what are its implications and whether the change is complete. Typically, service clients do not perceive the upgraded service immediately. As a consequence, service-based applications may fail on the service client side due to changes carried out during a provider service upgrade. In order to manage changes in a meaningful and effective manner service clients must therefore be considered when service changes are introduced at the service provider's side. Otherwise such changes will most certainly result in severe application disruption. Eliminating spurious results and inconsistencies that may occur due to uncontrolled changes is therefore a necessary condition for the ability of services to evolve gracefully, ensure service stability, and handle variability in their behavior. Towards this goal, this work presents a model and a theoretical framework for the compatible evolution of services based on well-founded theories and techniques from a number of disparate fields.
Outcomes of autologous versus allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for peripheral T-cell lymphomas: A multicenter retrospective study in china.

To date, there is no consensus on choosing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) or allogenic HSCT (allo-HSCT) for peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs). This study aimed to compare the relative efficacy of auto-HSCT versus allo-HSCT for patients with PTCLs. We conducted a multicenter retrospective study about 128 patients who underwent auto-HSCT (n=72) or allo-HSCT (n=56) at 8 medical centers across China between July, 2007 and June, 2017. With a median follow-up of 30 (2-143) months, outcomes of patients receiving auto-HSCT were better than those in allo-HSCT (3-year OS: 70% versus 46%, P = 0.003; 3-year PFS: 59% versus 44%, P = 0.002). Three-year non relapse rate (NRM) in auto-HSCT recipients was 6%, compared with 27% for allo-HSCT recipients ( P =0.004). There was no difference in relapse rate between these two groups (34% in auto-HSCT versus 29% in allo-HSCT, P =0.84). Specifically, patients with low PIT score who received auto-HSCT group in upfront setting had better outcome than patients with high PIT score (3-year OS: 85% versus 40%, P = 0.003). Regarding remission status before transplantation, patients with CR undergoing auto-HSCT had the best outcome (3-year OS: 88% versus 48% in allo-HSCT; P =0.008). For patients less than CR, the outcome of patients undergoing auto-HSCT was similar to that in allo-HSCT (3-year OS:51% versus 46%; P =0.30). When further checking patients in PD or SD, the survival curve of patients in the allo-HSCT group was better than that in the auto-HSCT group. It is plausible to choose auto-HSCT versus allo-HSCT according PIT score and remission status before transplantation.
Applications of Illuminated, Active, In-Pavement Marker Systems

Illuminated, active, in-pavement marker systems (IPMs) can provide a greater level of information to road users than conventional pavement marker systems. Traditionally, IPMs have been used for airport runways and taxiways, and pedestrian crosswalks. More recently, IPMs have been applied in numerous traffic guidance applications. This report documents (1) the state of IPM technology, (2) notable experiences with historical IPM applications, (3) detailed experiences with more recent IPM applications, and (4) IPM research needs. The report will be of particular interest to the traffic and safety engineering community. Information for this report was obtained through a review of published literature, a formal survey of transportation practitioners, an informal survey of IPM vendors and users, and follow-up interviews.
Managing employee performance: design and implementation in organizations

1. What is Performance Management? 2. The Organizational Context I: Vision, Mission and Strategy. 3. The Organizational Context II: Performance. 4. Individual Performance I: Outputs and Results. 5. Individual Performance II: Behaviour and Competencies. 6. Individual Performance III: Determinants. 7. Reviewing and Supporting Performance. 8. Rewarding Performance. 9. Developing and Designing Perfomance Management. 10. Implementing and Managing Performance Management. A Concluding Comment. References. Index.
'Nudging' Active Travel: A Framework for Behavioral Interventions Using Mobile Technology

Advances in behavioral economics have begun to provide a new toolkit of theories, models, and empirical methods for designing and evaluating policy. While many of these techniques are highly relevant to behavioral problems that planners encounter when consulting with the public, crafting policy and regulations, and promoting sustainable patterns of behavior, it has received only limited attention in the planning and transportation literature. The authors review this literature and present a framework for generating, implementing, and testing the results of different interventions designed to affect users’ travel behavior by delivering behavioral feedback via an activity-tracking smartphone application. The results of this promotional strategy are tested in two pilot projects among university students and “Bike to Work Week” participants in British Columbia and Minnesota. Implications for program evaluation and funding and future directions for research on behavioral interventions are discussed.
IMPACT OF HARDWARE OBSOLESCENCE ON SYSTEM SOFTWARE FOR SUSTAINMENT-DOMINATED ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS

Title of thesis: IMPACT OF HARDWARE OBSOLESCENCE ON SYSTEM SOFTWARE FOR SUSTAINMENTDOMINATED ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS Degree Candidate: Arindam Goswami Degree and Year: Master of Science, 2004 Thesis directed by: Associate Professor Peter A. Sandborn The last two decades have witnessed manufacturers of sustainmentdominated long field life electronic systems incorporate Commercial Off the Shelf (COTS) technology products into their systems on a large scale. Many of these products, however, have lifetimes of significantly shorter duration than the systems they are incorporated into and as a result become obsolete long before the system’s intended duration of useful life is over. This problem is especially prevalent in avionics and military systems, where systems may encounter obsolescence problems even before they are fielded and always during their support life. Manufacturing that takes place over long periods of time exacerbates this problem. Many part obsolescence mitigation strategies exist including: lifetime buy, last-time buy, part replacement, aftermarket source, uprating, emulation, reengineering, salvage, and ultimately redesign of the system. Design refresh (or redesign) has the advantage of treating multiple existing and anticipated obsolescence problems concurrently and additionally allows for functional upgrades. Hitherto, there have been studies concentrated on determining the optimum combination of different obsolescence strategies by using life cycle cost as the deciding criterion. However, these studies take into account only hardware life cycle costs. In many systems, such as avionics systems, software life cycle costs (redesign, rehosting and requalification) have a significant bearing on total life cycle cost. Thus software redesign due to part obsolescence triggered hardware redesign should also be addressed during life cycle management planning. This thesis describes a methodology and it’s implementation for determining the hardware part obsolescence impact on life cycle sustainment costs for system software based on future production projections, maintenance requirements and part obsolescence forecasts. The methodology extends the MOCA (Mitigation of Obsolescence Cost Analysis) methodology/tool that determines the optimum design refresh plan during the field-support-life of the product in order to minimize life cycle cost. The design refresh plan consists of a set of design refresh activities and their respective calendar dates. The methodology incorporates the use of two software commercial cost analysis models: PRICE S and COCOMO. The methodology developed in this thesis has been validated using a Navy test case (VH-60N Digital Cockpit Upgrade Program). It has also been applied to Honeywell International, Inc.’s AS900 engine controller. The results obtained demonstrate the necessity of taking software redesign analysis into account during life cycle management planning. IMPACT OF HARDWARE OBSOLESCENCE ON SYSTEM SOFTWARE FOR SUSTAINMENT-DOMINATED ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
Residential development handbook

During the 1980s, enormous changes occurred in the residential development marketplace where crises in financial markets affected and changed demand for residential development. This updated and revised text reflects trends in residential development and current practices, and provides a working manual on development principles and practice. Divided into nine chapters, it covers: project feasibility; financing; alternative and supplemental development; planning, preparation and processing; marketing; management, re-development and trends.