Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anti-Oxidant Multi-Functionalized Materials: Strontium-Substituted Monetite and Brushite as Delivery Systems for Curcumin

Curcumin has numerous biological activities and pharmaceutical applications related to its ability to inhibit reactive oxygen species. Herein, strontium-substituted monetite (SrDCPA) and strontium-substituted brushite (SrDCPD) were synthesized and further functionalized with curcumin with the aim to develop materials that combine the anti-oxidant properties of the polyphenol, the beneficial role of strontium toward bone tissue, and the bioactivity of calcium phosphates. Adsorption from hydroalcoholic solution increases with time and curcumin concentration, up to about 5–6 wt%, without affecting the crystal structure, morphology, and mechanical response of the substrates. The multi-functionalized substrates exhibit a relevant radical scavenging activity and a sustained release in phosphate buffer. Cell viability, morphology, and expression of the most representative genes were tested for osteoclast seeded in direct contact with the materials and for osteoblast/osteoclast co-cultures. The materials at relatively low curcumin content (2–3 wt%) maintain inhibitory effects on osteoclasts and support the colonization and viability of osteoblasts. The expressions of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALPL), collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1), and osteocalcin (BGLAP) suggest that curcumin reduces the osteoblast differentiation state but yields encouraging osteoprotegerin/receptor activator for the NFkB factor ligand (OPG/RANKL) ratio.
Private Equity Investment: Friend or Foe to Applied Behavior Analysis

Private equity firms are increasingly investing in U.S. healthcare, specifically applied behavior analysis. Although supporters argue it can increase innovation, access-to-care, and reimbursement rates, critics say that it can harm clinical practices and reduce the quality of care. Healthcare regulations and laws prevent private equity firms from harming patients to earn a profit, however, quality care is required beyond just the safety of a patient. This paper explores the dynamics emerging from the entry of private equity, the potential concerns, and benefits, and provides some suggestions to mitigate potential drawbacks.
Semi-Rational Design of L-Isoleucine Dioxygenase Generated Its Activity for Aromatic Amino Acid Hydroxylation

Fe (II)-and 2-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases (Fe (II)/α-KG DOs) have been applied to catalyze hydroxylation of amino acids. However, the Fe (II)/α-KG DOs that have been developed and characterized are not sufficient. L-isoleucine dioxygenase (IDO) is an Fe (II)/α-KG DO that specifically catalyzes the formation of 4-hydroxyisoleucine (4-HIL) from L-isoleucine (L-Ile) and exhibits a substrate specificity toward L-aliphatic amino acids. To expand the substrate spectrum of IDO toward aromatic amino acids, in this study, we analyzed the regularity of the substrate spectrum of IDO using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and found that the distance between Fe2+, C2 of α-KG and amino acid chain’s C4 may be critical for regulating the substrate specificity of the enzyme. The mutation sites (Y143, S153 and R227) were also subjected to single point saturation mutations based on polarity pockets and residue free energy contributions. It was found that Y143D, Y143I and S153A mutants exhibited catalytic L-phenylalanine activity, while Y143I, S153A, S153Q and S153Y exhibited catalytic L-homophenylalanine activity. Consequently, this study extended the substrate spectrum of IDO with aromatic amino acids and enhanced its application property.
A new formulation for arch structures. Application to optimization problems

Pour minimiser les couts, qui dependent regulierement du deplacement d'une arche chargee, etudiee sous le modele de Budiansky-Sanders, on utilise des algorithmes de descente. La variable de conception est la forme φ de l'arche. La difficulte ici est de calculer les directions de descente. Une methode, utilisee par Habbal et Moriano [6, 8], consiste a approcher la differentielle exacte du cout. Le but ici est de justifier cette demarche. L'idee est de comparer cette direction de descente avec le gradient du cout approche, dit gradient discret. Pour cela, on introduit une formulation mixte, equivalente a l'equation d'etat, et dont les coefficients dependent seulement de φ et de sa derivee premiere, alors que les coefficients de l'equation d'etat sont fonction de la derivee troisieme de la forme φ de l'arche
Human Orf with Immune-Mediated Reactions: A Systematic Review

Background: Orf is a highly contagious zoonosis caused by Orf virus (ORFV), which is endemic in sheep and goats worldwide. Human Orf is usually a self-limiting disease, but potential complications, including immune-mediated reactions, may occur. Methods: We included all articles regarding Orf-associated immunological complications published in peer-reviewed medical journals. We conducted a literature search of the United States National Library of Medicine, PubMed, MEDLINE, PubMed Central, PMC, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials. Results: A total of 16 articles and 44 patients were included, prevalently Caucasian (22, 95.7%) and female (22, 57.9%). The prevailing immunological reaction was erythema multiforme (26, 59.1%), followed by bullous pemphigoid (7, 15.9%). In most cases, the diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical and epidemiological history (29, 65.9%), while a biopsy of secondary lesions was performed in 15 patients (34.1%). A total of 12 (27.3%) patients received a local or systemic treatment for primary lesions. Surgical removal of primary lesion was described in two cases (4.5%). Orf-immune-mediated reactions were treated in 22 cases (50.0%), mostly with topical corticosteroids (12, 70.6%). Clinical improvement was reported for all cases. Conclusions: Orf-related immune reactions can have a varied clinical presentation, and it is important for clinicians to be aware of this in order to make a prompt diagnosis. The main highlight of our work is the presentation of complicated Orf from an infectious diseases specialist’s point of view. A better understanding of the disease and its complications is essential to achieve the correct management of cases.
Impaired Awareness in People with Severe Alcohol-Related Cognitive Deficits Including Korskoff’s Syndrome: A Network Analysis

Background: Impaired awareness of one’s own functioning is highly common in people with Korsakoff’s syndrome (KS). However, it is currently unclear how awareness relates to impairments in daily functioning and quality of life (QoL). Methods: We assessed how impaired awareness relates to cognitive, behavioral, physical, and social functioning and QoL by applying a network analysis. We used cross-sectional data from 215 patients with KS or other severe alcohol-related cognitive deficits living in Dutch long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Results: Apathy has the most central position in the network. Higher apathy scores relate positively to reduced cognition and to a greater decline in activities of daily living and negatively to social participation and the use of antipsychotic drugs. Impaired awareness is also a central node. It is positively related to a higher perceived QoL, reduced cognition and apathy, and negatively to social participation and length of stay in the LTCF. Mediated through apathy and social participation, impaired awareness is indirectly related to other neuropsychiatric symptoms. Conclusions: Impaired awareness is closely related to other domains of daily functioning and QoL of people with KS or other severe alcohol-related cognitive deficits living in LTCFs. Apathy plays a central role. Network analysis offers interesting insights to evaluate the interconnection of different symptoms and impairments in brain disorders such as KS.
The Evaluation of SHAPE-MaP RNA Structure Probing Protocols Reveals a Novel Role of Mn2+ in the Detection of 2′-OH Adducts

Chemical probing, for decades, has been one of the most popular tools for studying the secondary structure of RNA molecules. Recently, protocols for simultaneous analysis of multiple RNAs have been developed, enabling in vivo transcriptome-wide interrogation of the RNA structure dynamics. One of the most popular methods is the selective 2′-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension and mutational profiling (SHAPE-MaP). In this study, we describe the evaluation of this protocol by addressing the influence of the reverse transcription enzymes, buffer conditions, and chemical probes on the properties of the cDNA library and the quality of mutational profiling-derived structural signals. Our results reveal a SuperScript IV (SSIV) reverse transcriptase as a more efficient enzyme for mutational profiling of SHAPE adducts and shed new light on the role of Mn2+ cations in the modulation of SSIV readthrough efficiency.
Predictive Modeling of Out-of-Plane Deviation for the Quality Improvement of Additive Manufacturing

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a new technology for fabricating products straight from a 3D digital model, which can lower costs, minimize waste, and increase building speed while maintaining acceptable quality. However, it still suffers from low dimensional accuracy and a lack of geometrical quality standards. Moreover, there is a need for a robust AM configuration to perform in-situ inspections during the fabrication. This work established a 3D printing-scanning setup to collect 3D point cloud data of printed parts and then compare them with nominal 3D point cloud data to quantify the deviation in all X, Y, and Z directions. Specifically, this work aims at predicting the anticipated deviation along the Z direction by applying a deep learning-based prediction model. An experiment with regard to a human “Knee” prototype fabricated by Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is conducted to show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
The Hanau terror attack: Unraveling the dynamics of mental disorder and extremist beliefs.

This case study is a detailed assessment of the paranoid schizophrenia and right-wing extremist beliefs of Tobias Rathjen, who amalgamated three low-base rate events: mass homicide, matricide, and suicide. The offender killed nine individuals during a terrorist attack in Hanau, Germany, on February 19, 2020, before murdering his mother and taking his own life. A comprehensive qualitative analysis of primary and secondary sources was conducted, with raw materials consisting of three written documents and three recorded videos, all authored and disseminated by the perpetrator prior to his attack. Open-source data were predominantly composed of the postmortem forensic psychiatric evaluation of the assailant, as well as minor interpellations between the German government and parliamentary groups, and to a lesser extent printed and online articles. We structured the analysis with the Terrorist Radicalization Assessment Protocol (TRAP-18) and found that Rathjen was positive for 94% of the TRAP-18 indicators. The motivations for his acts of violence were multifaceted, but his major psychiatric illness, paranoid schizophrenia with chronic delusions, was central in his progression to become a lone-actor terrorist. In addition to this internally formed psychotic-driven ideology, the perpetrator was in ﬂ u-enced and inspired by external (i.e., online and of ﬂ ine) xenophobic and conspiratorial elements that gradually provided a secondary framework for his violent attack. The complex interplay of his delusions, obsessions, and extreme overvalued beliefs — which drove his ﬁ xation — reveal the dif ﬁ culty of clinically understanding such a case, and also the necessity of doing so, to attempt to risk mitigate these types of subjects by threat assessment teams.
Phase locking and spectral linewidth of a two-mode terahertz quantum cascade laser

We have studied the phase locking and spectral linewidth of an ? 2.7? THz quantum cascade laser by mixing its two lateral lasing modes. The beat signal at about 8? GHz is compared with a microwave reference by applying conventional phase lock loop circuitry with feedback to the laser bias current. Phase locking has been demonstrated, resulting in a narrow beat linewidth of less than 10? Hz. Under frequency stabilization we find that the terahertz line profile is essentially Lorentzian with a minimum linewidth of ? 6.3? kHz. Power dependent measurements suggest that this linewidth does not approach the Schawlow-Townes limit.
Should PRIMA Prognostic Index Be Widely Applied Instead of FLIPI2 in the Prognosis of Follicular Lymphoma?

Recent studies have suggested that PRIMA-PI (Prognostic Index) is a simple tool for predicting patients with follicular lymphoma (FL). With the desire to contribute some experience in the prognosis of FL, we conducted a study to analyze the value of PRIMA-PI versus FLIPI2 (Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index) in the prognosis of FL. Forty-five patients diagnosed with newly follicular lymphoma who received chemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent bone marrow biopsy to detect bone marrow involvement. Based on histology, the grade was defined according to WHO. The Kapplan-Meyer method and the Cox proportion hazards model were used in the OS (overall survival) analysis to evaluate prognostic indices such as FLIPI2, PRIMA-PI, and the histological classification of FL (grade). According to FLIPI2, the 9-year OS rate of the low-risk group, the intermediate-risk group, and the high-risk group was 100%, 52.9%, and 49.5%; respectively. According to PRIMA-PI, the OS rate for the low-risk group, the intermediate-risk group, and the high-risk group at 9 years was 83.9%, 68.2%, and 43.3%; respectively. According to grade, the 9-year OS rate for grades 1, 2, 3a, and 3b was 83.3%, 73%, 59.3%, and 25%; respectively. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that only FLIPI2 and grade were truly independent prognostic factors for OS with P =0.03, and 0.012; respectively. On the contrary, we had not yet found the significance of PRIMA-PI in the prognosis of OS, ( P =0.056). Caution should be exercised when planning to apply PRIMA-PI widely instead of FLIPI2 in the prognosis of follicular lymphoma.
Breast Cancer Screening in Perimenopausal Women

Women of any age with increased risk factors such as positive family history, genetic predisposition with BRCA1 and BRCA2 positivity, or with a history of radiation to the chest wall due to any cause are at high risk of breast cancer. Risk of developing breast cancer can be calculated using the Gail Model, for women above 35 years of age. Using this calculation, if the 5‐year risk of developing a breast cancer is >1.7%, the women is said to have an increased risk of breast cancer, hence has to be screened accordingly. [5]
Interference effects on the processing of Korean double relative clauses

The current investigates the parsing process and its utilization of various linguistic information to resolve dependencies in Korean double relative clauses. While previous research has revealed evidence of interference effects of a distractor during dependency formations, a distractor involving dependency formations by itself has not been thoroughly explored. In light of this, we aimed to explore how the grammatical-role parallelism of a distractor modulates multiple filler-gap dependencies and examine the role of case marking in the resolution of these dependencies. In a self-paced reading experiment, we discovered that the parallelism effects of both head nouns were instrumental in the resolution of longer dependencies of a higher head noun and its gap. The non-parallel role of a distractor (i.e., low head noun) was reanalyzed before the integration of higher head noun and its gap. This finding suggests that parallelism effects play a critical role in the resolution of complex dependency structures. Additionally, our experiments investigated the role of case marking as a morphosyntactic cue in predicting the syntactic encoding of upcoming noun phrases. Our results demonstrated the immediate processing difficulty of conditions with double nominative markers, suggesting that parsers are selectively sensitive to case marking. Overall, our study contributes to our understanding of the parsing process and the selective use of linguistic cues in the resolution of complex dependency structures.
Gender-inclusive language as a Rational Speech Act in Spanish

Amidst social changes in gendered language use, there is pushback from institutions such as the Spanish Royal Academy, which claims that the use of the generic masculine (e.g., bomberos ‘firemen’) in describing a mixed-gender group is equally inclusive of both men and women (Bosque 2012). By contrast, speakers of Spanish have increasingly adopted gender-inclusive alternatives to the generic masculine (e.g., bomberos o bomberas; Bengoechea 2015). Across two behavioral tasks, we investigated whether gender-inclusive forms actually lead to more inclusive interpretations. We found that the use of the inclusive form (by contrast to the generic masculine) indeed yields more inclusive interpretations, increasing the inferred femaleness of stereotypically male professions, but also decreasing the inferred femaleness of stereotypically female professions. In an attempt to explain the reasoning that delivers inclusive interpretations, we developed a computational cognitive model of the reasoning process. Our model treats the phenomenon as an instance of a markedness implicature: speakers use the longer, inclusive form to guide listeners away from their prior expectations. This work highlights the need for further research into the use of gender-inclusive language cross-linguistically, as well as for pushback against prescriptive institutions perpetuating stereotypes.
Temporary Occlusion of Common Carotid Arteries Does Not Evoke Total Inhibition in the Activity of Corticospinal Tract Neurons in Experimental Conditions

Temporary occlusion of the common cervical artery is the reason for ischemic stroke in 25% of patients. Little data is provided on its effects, especially regarding neurophysiological studies verifying the neural efferent transmission within fibers of the corticospinal tract in experimental conditions. Studies were performed on 42 male Wistar rats. In 10 rats, ischemic stroke was evoked by permanent occlusion of the right carotid artery (group A); in 11 rats, by its permanent bilateral occlusion (B); in 10 rats, by unilateral occlusion and releasing after 5 min (C); and in 11 rats, by bilateral occlusion and releasing after 5 min (D). Efferent transmission of the corticospinal tract was verified by motor evoked potential (MEP) recordings from the sciatic nerve after transcranial magnetic stimulation. MEPs amplitude and latency parameters, oral measurements of temperature, and verification of ischemic effects in brain slides stained with hematoxylin and eosin staining (H + E) were analyzed. In all groups of animals, the results showed that five minutes of uni- or bilateral occlusion of the common carotid artery led to alterations in brain blood circulation and evoked changes in MEP amplitude (by 23.2% on average) and latency parameters (by 0.7 ms on average), reflecting the partial inability of tract fibers to transmit neural impulses. These abnormalities were associated with a significant drop in the body temperature by 1.5 °C on average. Ten minutes occlusion in animals from groups A and B resulted in an MEP amplitude decrease by 41.6%, latency increase by 0.9 ms, and temperature decrease by 2.9 °C of the initial value. In animals from groups C and D, five minutes of recovery of arterial blood flow evoked stabilization of the MEP amplitude by 23.4%, latency by 0.5 ms, and temperature by 0.8 °C of the initial value. In histological studies, the results showed that ischemia was most prominent bilaterally in sensory and motor areas, mainly for the forelimb, rather than the hindlimb, innervation of the cortex, putamen and caudate nuclei, globulus pallidus, and areas adjacent to the fornix of the third ventricle. We found that the MEP amplitude parameter is more sensitive than the latency and temperature variability in monitoring the ischemia effects course following common carotid artery infarction, although all parameters are correlated with each other. Temporary five-minute lasting occlusion of common carotid arteries does not evoke total and permanent inhibition in the activity of corticospinal tract neurons in experimental conditions. The symptoms of rat brain infarction are much more optimistic than those described in patients after stroke, and require further comparison with the clinical observations.
Álgebras de cluster e teoria de representações

Na presente dissertacao estudamos dois exemplos de relacionamento da teoria de algebras de cluster com teoria de representacoes. A saber, estudamos os principais resultados dos artigos [5, 26]. O primeiro e uma relacao entre algebras de cluster e representacoes de certos quivers com relacoes que tambem estao relacionadas com triangulacoes de poligonos regulares. O segundo exemplo trata de um modelo de categorificacao monoidal de certas algebras de cluster via teoria de representacoes de dimensao finita do grupo quântico associado a uma algebra de Kac-Moody afim de tipo A Abstract
Breaking down the crowd of backers: profiling cooperative strategies on a reward-based crowdfunding platform

ABSTRACT On crowdfunding platforms, the success of campaigns relies on the ability of projects to attract backers. While backers’ motivations have been examined, the dynamics existing among the distinct profiles of backers remain underexplored. Combining quantitative and qualitative methods, this research offers a typology of backers’ profiles and shows how these profiles contribute to the success of a crowdfunding campaign. Informed by the sociological theory of cooperation, these results explain how backers with different profiles influence each other’s decisions to support crowdfunding campaigns. We provide guidelines to project leaders and platforms to attract backers with the best profiles at the best moment to optimise the campaign’s success strategy. We also help crowdfunding platform managers build their crowd of backers and optimise their number of funded projects.
Leadership Style and Market Orientation: The Mediating Role of Internal Marketing

Abstract This study aims to investigate the impact of path-goal leadership styles (directive, participative, supportive, and achievement-oriented) on the market orientation of Jordanian commercial banks and the role of internal marketing as a mediating variable. A quantitative survey methodology was used to collect data from 630 branch managers of thirteen commercial banks listed on the Amman Stock Exchange in Jordan. Only 196 branch managers fully responded to the questionnaire. The measurement model fit and the significance of the theoretical relationship between variables were determined using structural equation modeling. The results confirmed that supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented styles have a positive impact on internal marketing, while directive styles have a negative impact. Internal marketing has a positive direct impact on market orientation. The impact of path-goal leadership styles on market orientation was indirect through internal marketing, which means that internal marketing fully mediates the relationship between path-goal leadership styles and market orientation. Commercial banks should integrate internal marketing as a strategy into their core operations and systems to meet employees’ demands and the bank’s goals. This integration shall make employees show their sincere organizational commitment so that they can express the attitude of organizational citizenship behaviors that are beneficial for the banks’ operations and survival.