Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New Generation Neonatal High Frequency Ventilators: Effect of Oscillatory Frequency and Working Principles on Performance

BACKGROUND: Several new generation neonatal ventilators that incorporate conventional as well as high frequency ventilation (HFOV) have appeared on the market. Most of them offer the possibility to use HFOV in a volume-targeted mode, despite absence of any preclinical data. With a bench test, we evaluated the performances of 4 new neonatal HFOV devices and compared them to the SensorMedics HFOV device. METHODS: Expiratory tidal volumes (VT) were measured for various ventilator settings and lung characteristics (ie, modifications of compliance and resistance of the system), to mimic several clinical conditions of pre-term and term infants. RESULTS: Increasing the frequency proportionally decreased the VT for all the ventilators, although the magnitude of the decrease was highly variable between ventilators. At 15 Hz and a pressure amplitude of 60 cm H2O, the delivered VT ranged from 3.5 to 5.9 mL between devices while simulating pre-term infant conditions and from 2.6 to 6.3 mL while simulating term infant conditions. Activating the volume-targeted mode in the 3 machines that offer this mode allowed the VT to remain constant over the range of frequencies and with changes of lung mechanical properties, for pre-term infant settings only while targeting a VT of 1 mL. CONCLUSIONS: These new generation neonatal ventilators were able to deliver adequate VT under pre-term infant, but not term infant respiratory system conditions. The clinical relevance of these findings will need to be determined by further studies.
Modeling dissolved oxygen dynamics and coastal hypoxia: a review

The manuscript is generally well written, prepared with great care and is nearly typofree (the authors are to be commended for this). Undoubtedly, this review will be a great resource for future model developers, not the least for the impressive reference list that is compiled and discussed. Overall, the authors deserve ample credit for taking on this ambitious effort, but still, I have some important remarks and suggestions on how this review manuscript can be improved.
Extending the SeaWiFS chlorophyll data set back 50 years in the northeast Atlantic

Phytoplankton play a key role in biogeochemical cycling and climate processes. Precise quantitative measurements of chlorophyll‐a (Chl‐a), a measure of phytoplankton biomass, have only been available globally since 1997 from the Sea‐viewing Wide Field‐of‐view Sensor (SeaWiFS). In the North Atlantic, semi‐quantitative measurements of chlorophyll (Phytoplankton Color Index, PCI) for >50 years have been collected by the Continuous Plankton Recorder. Here we demonstrate a significant correlation between PCI and SeaWiFS Chl‐a from 1997–2002. Combining both time series allows quantification of the stepwise increase in biomass in the mid‐1980s; this regime shift corresponded to a 60% increase in Chl‐a. This was a result of an 80% increase in Chl‐a during winter, alongside a smaller summer increase. This new high‐resolution data set on the monthly variation of Chl‐a in the North Atlantic since 1948 is now available for the development and validation of climate models, and for interpretation of ecological changes related to climate.
Descripción de una nueva especie del género Hypoplectrus (Actinopterigy: Serranidae) del Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano, suroeste del Golfo de México

Se describe una nueva especie del genero Hypoplectrus, colectada en el Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano (SAV), parte suroeste del Golfo de Mexico. La nueva especie difiere de sus conge neres por los patrones de coloracion: cuerpo amarillento palido, con una banda vertical negra que va desde el borde dorsal de la cabeza hasta el limite ventral del preoperculo; presenta una mancha negra de forma triangular en posicion preocular y otra que recorre el pedunculo caudal. La cabeza se caracteriza por presentar lineas verticales azul iridiscente, bordean la mancha ocular, el contorno de la orbita ocular y la mancha triangular. Las aletas anal, caudal y pelvicas son de un color amarillo intenso, las pectorales son amarillas muy tenues. La dorsal es amarilla palida con bandas azules en posicion oblicua. El nuevo taxon puede considerarse endemico de la zona, ya que hasta el momento solo se le conoce en los diversos arrecifes que conforman el SAV. Palabras clave: Hypoplectrus sp. nov., Atlantico mexicano, nueva especie, peces arrecifales, Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano.
Stereoscopic vision calibration for 3D tracking velocimetry based on artificial neural networks

Here, the physical and mathematical model is briefly described first, on which the photogrammetric calibration procedure of our Stereoscopic Tracking Velocimetry (STV) system is based. A new hybrid calibration approach is then introduced, which incorporates the use of artificial neural networks. The concept is to improve the performances of conventional calibration techniques of stereoscopic vision. In order to evaluate the quality of the hybrid calibration approach, calibration error is defined for the use of a camera. Our experimental investigation shows that the accuracy in predicting the object frame coordinates has been improved by 30 percents when the hybrid calibration is employed, as compared with the case when only the previous conventional physical and mathematical model is directly applied. It appears that the new idea of using artificial neural networks together with a physical and mathematical model of a system can improve the overall performance of the system. The hybrid method can also be applicable to other general areas in machine vision.
Prevalence and factors related to low level physical activity among university students in a public university in the northeast region of Brazil

Os baixos niveis de atividade fisica estao relacionados com o aumento da ocorrencia de doencas cronicas e a reducao da qualidade de vida da populacao. Este estudo buscou estimar a prevalencia de baixo nivel de atividade fisica entre estudantes de graduacao da Universidade Federal da Paraiba, bem como encontrar fatores associados a esta condicao. Trata-se de um estudo seccional estratificado por Centro, com partilha proporcional em funcao do ano de ingresso, do curso e do turno de estudo. A coleta de dados ocorreu no periodo no primeiro semestre de 2007, com a participacao de 1.503 estudantes. Foram investigadas questoes relativas a dados pessoais, caracterizacao socioeconomica, estilo de vida e saude, avaliacao nutricional e atividade fisica. Para mensurar nivel de atividade fisica utilizou-se a versao longa IPAQ. A prevalencia observada de baixo nivel de atividade fisica foi de 31,2%. Os estudantes com maior tempo de ingresso na universidade, os que estudam no periodo noturno e aqueles que passam menos tempo na universidade tiveram maior prevalencia de baixo nivel de atividade fisica. Tambem maior renda e classe social mostraram-se associados a maior prevalencia de baixa atividade fisica. Considerando os riscos do baixo nivel de atividade fisica para saude e a importância da fase universitaria como uma transicao da etapa adolescente para a vida adulta, faz-se necessario o incentivo a pratica de atividades fisicas na universidade como medida preventiva para doencas cronicas nao transmissiveis e para a melhoria da qualidade de vida na fase adulta e na velhice.
Evidence for shallow and pervasive seismic anisotropy in the Wellington Region, New Zealand

The shear waves of local earthquakes were recorded during a 5-month deployment of seven three-component digital seismographs on the Wellington Peninsula, New Zealand. The seismographs were spaced an average of less than 5 km apart, and over 300 local earthquakes were recorded with phase arrivals within the shear wave window. A significant number (≈ 37%) of the earthquakes recorded showed clear evidence of shear wave splitting: identifiable fast and slow shear wave arrivals with similar pulse shapes. Consistent polarization directions at particular stations were also observed, even when poor signal-to-noise ratio or scattering meant that no slow shear wave arrival could be identified. However, there were large station-to-station differences in the polarization directions. Correcting for the observed shear wave splitting improved the fit between the measured shear wave polarizations and those calculated assuming a double-couple focal mechanism. The cause of the observed shear wave splitting is therefore most likely to be seismic anisotropy. Large station-to-station differences in the polarization alignments, ranging from 61°±24° to 137°±18°, suggest that most anisotropy is confined to the top 2–3 km of the crust. However, there is evidence from one station for a small amount of pervasive anisotropy; if such a trend existed on the other stations, it could not be identified because of the large scatter in the data points. The measured delay times between split shear waves vary from 0.02 to 0.22 s, with a mean value of 0.1±0.06 s. This translates to a near-surface shear wave velocity anisotropy of about 10%, with up to 2% pervasive anisotropy possible throughout the crust. This data set indicates that extensive dilatancy anisotropy cannot be the sole cause of crustal seismic anisotropy and that foliations in the rock fabric and the fracture zones of active faults may also be important. There is no evidence for temporal change in the shear wave splitting parameters during the period of the experiment.
The transient layer: implications for geocryology and climate‐change science

Research treating permafrost‐climate interactions is traditionally based on a two‐layer conceptual model involving a seasonally frozen active layer and underlying perennially frozen materials. This conceptualization is inadequate to explain the behaviour of the active‐layer/permafrost system over long periods, particularly in ice‐rich terrain. Recent research in North America supports earlier Russian conclusions about the existence of a transition zone that alternates in status between seasonally frozen ground and permafrost over sub‐decadal to centennial time scales. The transition zone is ice‐enriched, and functions as a buffer between the active layer and long‐term permafrost by increasing the latent heat required for thaw. The existence of the transition zone has an impact on the formation of a cryogenic soil structure, and imparts stability to permafrost under low‐amplitude or random climatic fluctuations. Despite its importance, the transition zone has been the focus of relatively little research. The impacts of possible global warming in permafrost regions cannot be understood fully without consideration of a more realistic three‐layer model. The extensive data set under development within the Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring (CALM) program will provide a significant source of information about the development, characteristics, behaviour, and extent of the transition zone. This paper is focused on the uppermost part of the transition zone, which joins the active layer at sub‐decadal to multi‐centennial time scales. This upper part of the transition zone is known as the transient layer. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Path loss and multipath channel characteristics models in a street canyon for outdoor 220 to 330GHz communication based on ray tracing

Recently, research on 6G wireless communication technology has become a hot topic. In 6G technology, terahertz communication is considered the most promising part. The research and application of the terahertz communication frequency range (0.1-10 THz) will bring revolutionary changes to the field of communication. It has the potential to bridge the transmission gap between the infrared and microwave bands, and offers highspeed data transmission, low latency, and high-capacity communication. Therefore, the development of terahertz communication is highly anticipated as a significant driving force for 6G technology. At present, research on outdoor terahertz channels is far less extensive compared to indoor channels, requiring more efforts to explore the characteristics of outdoor terahertz channels. In this paper, we focus on the three-dimensional scenario of street canyon and model the terahertz channel using ray tracing. The carrier frequencies used for simulation range from 220 to 330 GHz. By calculating the power loss and required time for each path from the transmitter to the receiver, we obtain parameters such as power delay spectrum and power angle spectrum. Next, we analyze the relationships between path loss, delay spread, angle spread, and distance, gaining further understanding of the outdoor terahertz multipath channel characteristics.
Deep Reinforcement Learning With a Look-Ahead Search for Robotic Cell Scheduling

Robotized manufacturing systems consisting of several processing machines and a robot for transporting jobs between the machines have been widely used in mechanical and electronic manufacturing industries. The sequence of robot tasks in such a robotized manufacturing system affects its productivity significantly, which also has the large impact on the overall production line consisting of multiple robotized manufacturing systems. This article addresses the scheduling problem in a single-gripper robotic cell, one of a robotized manufacturing systems. The objective is to minimize the makespan. To achieve this, a novel reinforcement learning method is proposed, which combines a look-ahead search (LAS) to improve decisionmaking using more accurate estimated makespan. Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method compared to existing approaches. Moreover, the method is applicable in dynamic environments with uncertain processing times.
Changes in the Composition of a Theoretical Freshwater Ecosystem Under Disturbances

Direct and indirect effects of the climate change on the terrestrial and oceanic ecosystems could also be observed in the last decades. Researches warn that there are significant changes in phenological, morphological and physiological properties of taxa and changes in spread of species, in frequency of epidemics. But the potential effects of climate change on natural ecosystems and the answers have been given indicated by the living communities which are less than the known of the complex natural ecosystems. There is a dynamical equilibrium between the climate and ecosystems at natural systems. If the system is affected by anything, then there will be a response to maintain the equilibrium. This process can be a sudden or a gradual effect. Seems, nowadays the unpredictable, sudden changes will be the significant. Our goal is to analyse the effect of some temperature-climate patterns on the production and community ecological relations in a strongly simplified theoretical model. This elaborated Theoretical Ecosystem Growth Model (TEGM) works as a freshwater algae ecosystem. The novelty of this modelling is characterized by a guild-specific approach at first (where competitive relationships can be manifested); on the other hand the population-dynamic model has been connected with the outputs of global circulation models. So this connection enables us to examine directly the effects of climate change. Our expectations towards the climate-ecosystem model (TEGM) were as follows: Depending on the adjusted constant temperature value the species which have optimum reproduction rate in that temperature let be with the largest number of specimens. Increasing the daily random fluctuation species with narrow adaptation ability are extruded by the species with wide adaptation ability. The diversity of the ecosystem with the increase of disturbances, to let change it according to the maximum curve, which refers the presence of Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis. In our earlier researches the distribution of the algae community of a theoretical freshwater ecosystem is examined by changing the temperature. The temperature was changed according to plan in order to estimate the various effects separately. The examined temperature patterns are as follows: constant temperature (293K, 294K, and 295K), the
Fusion-based infrared single-pixel imaging

Infrared imaging is widely used in low-light environments, remote sensing, and camouflage recognition, due to its high sensitivity, response, and all-weather adaptability. However, conventional infrared cameras are limited by their high cost per pixel, low resolution, and low contrast, resulting in the loss of valuable scene information. To address this challenge, we report a method for the fusion of high-resolution visible light images and single-pixel infrared images using a single-pixel detector. Our method consists of two modules: the single-pixel imaging (SPI) module and the fusion module. The SPI module uses a spatial light modulation system to obtain a one-dimensional measurement of the infrared image and then uses the reconstruction algorithm to obtain the infrared single-pixel image, thus avoiding the need for high-cost infrared cameras and obtaining the high-quality infrared single-pixel image with low sampling rate. The fusion module uses an infrared single-pixel image and a high-resolution visible image to obtain the hybrid image which combines the interested information from the visible light image and the infrared single-pixel image, thereby achieving low-cost imaging that preserves the detailed information from visible images and maintains the salient features from infrared images. A series of simulations demonstrate that our method benefits from the high resolution and high contrast of visible light imaging and the high sensitivity of infrared imaging. Our technique has the potential to improve complex environment detection, nighttime detection, and covert detection.
Evaluation of Post-Larval Diets for Indoor Weaned Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)

Simple Summary This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of complete commercially available feeds with varying nutritive profiles in the diet of juvenile largemouth bass (LMB) reared in a closed tank system. LMB is a lean fish rich in health-promoting ω3 fats. It is a promising new species for aquaculture worldwide, given its lack of intramuscular bones and delicious taste. Conditions for rearing LMB in tank systems as well as its nutritive demands from the early life stage have not yet been defined. The results of this study revealed monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) ω3 fatty acids to be important nutrients for juvenile LMB, with MUFA possibly outbalancing the potential negative effects of oxidative stress caused by membrane-stabilizing ω3 fats. In addition, this study suggested an interesting feature of juvenile LMB: to sacrifice the development of some parts of the skeleton (possibly scales) for rapid growth. Among the tested feeds, one was selected as optimal for tank-reared juvenile LMB. Abstract This study aimed to evaluate different commercial diets (Otohime C1, Aller Futura (AF), Biomar Inicio Plus (BIP)) and one experimental feed (EF) in terms of their effectiveness as post-larval diets for indoor weaned largemouth bass, LMB (Micropterus salmoides). Key variations in the content of nutritive values were monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and highly unsaturated FA (HUFA) ω3. Fish were fed with one of four tested diets from the 33rd to the 40th day post-hatch (DPH). Biometric indices, digestive enzyme-specific activities, thyroid hormone status, and mRNA expression of genes coding for skeleton, neuron, and muscle growth were analyzed. The lowest skeletal deformity rate and highest survival among the treatments were seen in BIP-fed fish. Dietary lipids, with an appropriate balance between MUFA and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), alongside amino acid balance, were shown to be the main contributors to the growth of the skeleton and/or fish survival. On the other hand, fish growth is correlated with fish digestive capacity and feed moisture percent rather than feed quality. Unexpectedly, BIP-fed fish were attributed with the lowest expression of skeleton differentiation markers, which may reflect the sacrifice of scale and/or cranium growth at the expense of somatic growth. This study highlights the role of non-marine ingredients in the nutrition of post-larval LMB.
An Alarmingly High Number of Candidates for Bariatric Procedures among Professionally Active Poles and Its Strong Relationship with Cardiovascular Co-Morbidities—POL-O-CARIA 2022 Study

Over recent years, the global healthcare system has experienced a notable increase in the prevalence of obesity and its associated health complications such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, lipid disorders, etc. What is more, one of the significant phenomena is the increasing demand for bariatric procedures among individuals of working age due to the high prevalence of type III obesity and type II obesity with co-morbidities. This trend is pronounced in Poland, due to the increasing number of patients meeting the qualifying criteria for surgery among professionally active and inactive patients. The aim of this study is to characterize the alarmingly high number of candidates for bariatric procedures among professionally active Poles. In total, the results of 2,056,861 initial, control, and periodic visits as part of the occupational medicine certificate were analyzed—collected from 1,342,749 unique patients (51.7% men; mean age of whole group: 36.81, SD = 10.91). Statistical calculations were performed, qualitative data were assessed using percentage and occurrence counts, while qualitative data were described using mean (M), standard deviation (SD), median, skewness, kurtosis, and range values. Results with p < 0.05 were deemed significant. Chi-square analysis and one-way ANOVA (with Scheffe’s post hoc test) were employed. Charts were created in the R program. It was noticed that there was a consistent rise in the proportion of individuals classified as candidates for bariatric procedures (an increase of 0.3%) alongside a notable decrease in the percentage of individuals maintaining a healthy body weight. Moreover, it is imperative to conduct yearly evaluations of the prevalence of obesity and its associated health conditions. It should be noted that hypertension occurred in 42.2% of patients, type 2 diabetes in 6.2% of patients, and lipid disorders in 8.4% of patients with third-degree obesity. This proactive approach is essential in order to adequately equip the healthcare system to address the increasing population of obese individuals, especially candidates for bariatric procedures.
Seismic evidence for a moderately thick lithosphere beneath the Siberian Platform

We have built a Sv‐wavespeed tomographic model for the upper mantle beneath the Siberian platform and surrounding region derived from the analysis of more than 13,000 fundamental and higher mode regional waveforms. The dense path coverage and rich higher mode content of the data allow building an upper mantle image with an horizontal resolution of a few hundred kilometers extending to ∼400 km depth. The high velocity, upper mantle lid or seismic lithosphere is ∼200 km thick beneath most of the Siberian platform but may extend to ∼250 km depth beneath small areas. A high velocity seismic lid also underlies a large region west of the Siberian platform. Our observation of a ∼200 thick seismic lithosphere beneath the Siberian platform on the slow‐moving Eurasian plate, similar to the thickness of the seismic lithosphere beneath Precambrian terrains on the fast‐moving Australian plate, suggests that a moderately thick seismic lithosphere beneath Precambrian terrains may be more common than previously supposed.