Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regression with Functional Errors-in-Predictors: A Generalized Method-of-Moments Approach

Functional regression is an important topic in functional data analysis. Traditionally, one often assumes that samples of the functional predictor are independent realizations of an underlying stochastic process, and are observed over a grid of points contaminated by independent and identically distributed measurement errors. In practice, however, the dynamical dependence across different curves may exist and the parametric assumption on the measurement error covariance structure could be unrealistic. In this paper, we consider functional linear regression with serially dependent functional predictors, when the contamination of predictors by the measurement error is "genuinely functional" with fully nonparametric covariance structure. Inspired by the fact that the autocovariance operator of observed functional predictors automatically filters out the impact from the unobservable measurement error, we propose a novel autocovariance-based generalized method-of-moments estimate of the slope parameter. The asymptotic properties of the resulting estimators under different functional scenarios are established. We also demonstrate that our proposed method significantly outperforms possible competitors through intensive simulation studies. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a public financial dataset, revealing some interesting findings.
Tunable Full-Color Electroluminescence from All-Organic Optical Upconversion Devices by Near-Infrared Sensing

Full-color all-organic optical upconversion devices that can directly convert incident near-infrared (NIR) light into tunable visible light were developed by integrating an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) on an NIR-sensitizing organic photodetector. Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters were utilized for the first time in the upconversion devices for achieving high electroluminescence (EL) efficiency in the OLED unit and high overall upconversion efficiency. The emission color of upconversion EL can be varied across the entire visible region ranging from blue to red and white by judicious selection of the incorporating TADF emitters. These all-organic optical upconversion devices have a great potential for low-cost, large-area, pixelless NIR imaging applications.
Discrimination between phase and amplitude attributes in time-lapse seismic streamer data

Abnormally high pore pressures in the subsurface pose a hazard to drilling operations worldwide. The problem is not unusual on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. Knowledge of the pore pressure prior to drilling may reduce the risk related to drilling in high pressure zones. Pore pressure is also a vital paramter for producinig fields, and knowledge of how the pressure develops over time can be important for increased oil recovery. Seismic data contain information on the pore pressure and may contribute to increased understanding of subsurface pressure conditions. The thesis deals with methods for estimation of pressure from seismic velocity and amplitude data.
The Ying and Yang of Hydrogen Sulfide as a Paracrine/Autocrine Agent in Neurodegeneration: Focus on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Ever since its presence was reported in the brain, the nature and role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the Central Nervous System (CNS) have changed. Consequently, H2S has been elected as the third gas transmitter, along with carbon monoxide and nitric oxide, and a number of studies have focused on its neuromodulatory and protectant functions in physiological conditions. The research on H2S has highlighted its many facets in the periphery and in the CNS, and its role as a double-faced compound, switching from protective to toxic depending on its concentration. In this review, we will focus on the bell-shaped nature of H2S as an angiogenic factor and as a molecule released by glial cells (mainly astrocytes) and non-neuronal cells acting on the surrounding environment (paracrine) or on the releasing cells themselves (autocrine). Finally, we will discuss its role in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, a paradigm of a neurodegenerative disease.
The Ducklingbot : a self-driving robot on a Pi Zero

This paper describes a MEng thesis project conducted with the Duckietown group at MIT’s CSAIL. During the duration of the project, the Duckietown software suite and ROS was made to run on the Raspberry Pi Zero (Or Raspberry Pi Zero W) hardware. The chassis and size of the bot is scaled down from the original Duckiebot design. This reduced the cost for the robot. The smaller Duckiebot, called the Ducklingbot, provides insight as to how well the Duckietown software suite can scale downwards to a less-powerful system, as well as give those interested in working with Duckietown a cheaper entry point from the smaller hardware.
Fixed Angle Difference Control for Multi-Converter Grid-Connected System to Improve Transient Stability During Grid Faults

Multi-converter grid-connected system is prone to transient instability under grid faults, due to the complex interaction between voltage source converters (VSCs). However, existing research has primarily focused on analyzing the impact of the interaction on the transient stability of multi-converter grid-connected system, without proposing methods for eliminating the interaction. To fill this gap, the mathematical model of two-converter grid-connected system under grid faults is firstly established. Then, the interaction between VSCs is analyzed, it is found that changing the output angle difference between two phase-locked loops (PLLs) will affect the interaction. Based on it, a transient stability enhancement control method is proposed to eliminate the interaction between two VSCs, by fixing the output angle difference between PLLs. Finally, simulation results validate the theoretical analysis and proposed method.
Spatial and temporal behavior in the theory of thermoelasticity for solids with double porosity

ABSTRACT In this article, we study the spatial and the temporal behavior of solutions to the initial boundary value problem associated with the linear theory of thermoelastic materials with a double porosity structure. We consider two appropriate time-weighted integral measures and we deduce some exponential estimates that describe the spatial behavior of solutions. For bounded bodies, we obtain estimates of Saint-Venant type, while for unbounded bodies we deduce some alternatives of Phragmén–Lindelöf type. The temporal behavior of solutions is described using the Cesáro means of various parts of the total energy.
Properties of transfer matrix for Ising model coupled to causal dynamical triangulations

We introduce a transfer matrix formalism for the (annealed) Ising model coupled to two-dimensional causal dynamical triangulations. Using the Krein-Rutman theory of positivity preserving operators we study several properties of the emerging transfer matrix. In particular, we determine regions in the quadrant of parameters beta, mu >0 where the infinite-volume free energy converges yielding results on the convergence and asymptotic properties of the partition function and the Gibbs measure.
Comparative studies on the tongue of the Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) and the common quail (Coturnix coturnix)

ABSTRACT Background Dietary habit among vertebrates depends upon the morphological and anatomical structure of the tongue. Aim We here compare between the morphological, anatomical and histological aspects of the tongue of Coturnix coturnix (granivorous bird) and R. aegyptiacus (fruit-eating mammal). Method Six individuals of each species were used; tongues were removed, photographed, processed for histological, histochemical, and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) investigations. Results Gross morphological investigation revealed that the tongue of C. coturnix is short and had triangular shape with obviously tapered apex, while the tongue of R. aegyptiacus appeared longer and wider with slightly rounded apex. SEM investigations displayed that the median dorsal surface of lingual apex and body of C. coturnix had small filiform papillae, while the junction between the lingual body and root is supported by row of conical papillae. In R. aegyptiacus, four types of papillae were recognized; filiform, conical, fungiform and circumvallate. The papillary distribution of both species displayed comparable size, shape, number and orientation. Histologically, the tongue of R. aegyptiacus is covered with keratinized epithelium, rich with serous glands and supported by intrinsic muscle fibers. However, the tongue of C. coturnix appeared keratinized on the lingual apex only, the lingual glands represented by serous and mucus glands and the intrinsic muscle fibers appeared less developed. Histochemically, the lingual glands of R. aegyptiacus appeared deeply stained with PAS than those of C. coturnix reflecting stronger positive neutral mucin expression; however, the degree of acid mucin reactivity (indicated by alcian blue stain) appeared positively expressed in the lingual glands of both tongues. Conclusion Structurally, the tongue of R. aegyptiacus has more features, especially in terms of papillae types and distribution. Those findings reflect that R. aegyptiacus feeds on a variety of fruits differing in size, shape and taste, while C. coturnix feeds only small-sized grains. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Controlling Nonequilibrium Kondo-vs-RKKY Scenarios in Nanoclusters

Ultrafast manipulations of magnetic phases are eliciting increasing attention from the scientific community, because potentially relevant to the understanding of nonequilibrium phase transitions and to novel technologies. Here, we focus on manipulations applied to magnetic impurities in metallic hosts. By considering small nanoring geometries, we show how currents can induce a dynamical switching between different types of exchange interactions in these systems. Our work thus opens a study window on nonequilibrium Doniach's magnetic phase diagrams, and time-dependent Kondo-vs-RKKY scenarios.
The Effect of Modifying Canadian Goldenrod (Solidago canadensis) Biomass with Ammonia and Epichlorohydrin on the Sorption Efficiency of Anionic Dyes from Water Solutions

This study examined the effect of modifying Canadian goldenrod (Solidago canadensis) biomass on its sorption capacity of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) and Reactive Yellow 84 anionic dyes. The scope of the research included the characteristics of sorbents (FTIR, elementary analysis, pHPZC), the effect of pH on dye sorption efficiency, sorption kinetics, and the maximum sorption capacity (describing the data with Langmuir 1 and 2 and Freundlich models). FTIR analyses showed the appearance of amine functional groups in the materials modified with ammonia water, which is indicative of the sorbent amination process. The amination efficiency was higher in the case of materials pre-activated with epichlorohydrin, which was confirmed by elemental analysis and pHPZC values. The sorption efficiency of RB5 and RY84 on the tested sorbents was the highest in the pH range of 2–3. The sorption capacity of the goldenrod biomass pre-activated with epichlorohydrin and then aminated with ammonia water was 71.30 mg/g and 59.29 mg/g in the case of RB5 and RY84, respectively, and was higher by 2970% and 2510%, respectively, compared to the unmodified biomass. Amination of biomass pre-activated with epichlorohydrin can increase its sorption capacity, even by several dozen times.
Optical and Structural Analysis of Zinc Oxysulfide Digital Alloys Grown by Atomic Layer Deposition

We investigated the optical and structural properties of ZnOS digital alloy grown on Si by atomic layer deposition. The refractive index and extinction coefficient were evaluated using spectroscopic ellipsometry. ZnOS alloy film shows a strong absorption tail extended to the below band gap regime, which is attributed to a high density of band tail states formed within the band gap owing to the amorphous crystallinity. The ZnOS alloy exhibits a large Urbach energy of 210–540 meV. After high-temperature annealing, the band tail states are reduced with a decrease in lattice disorder, which is confirmed by enhanced X-ray diffraction peaks.
BLOCKING METHOD FOR RSA CRY PTOSYSTEM WITHOUT EXPAN DING CIPHER LENGTH

A recently proposed RSA blocking method is shown to be insecure and of very limited value. Blocking method: A recent paper' described a 'blocking method' for using the RSA cryptosystem2 which has the advantage that ciphertext produced using this technique is no longer than the corresponding plaintext (unlike normal uses of RSA). It operates as follows. Suppose N, the RSA modulus, has an n-bit binary representation. Define the one-to-one function Fe, mapping integers from the closed interval [0,2" - 13 onto itself as follows: N 0 5 x < N N
Three-Dimensional FEM Rotordynamics and the So-Called Centrifugal Softening of Rotors

Centrifugal softening effect is an alleged and elusive reduction of the natural frequencies of a rotating system with increasing speed sometimes found in finite element rotordynamics. This reduction may, in some instances, be large enough to cause some of the natural frequencies to vanish, leading to a sort of elastic instability. Some doubts can be however cast on the phenomenon in itself and on the mathematical models causing it to appear. The aim of the present work is to shed some light on centrifugal softening and to discuss the assumptions that are at the basis of 3-dimensional FEM modeling in rotordynamics. Two degrees of freedom models, like the ones introduced by Rankine and Jeffcott, are first studied and then the classical rotating beam, ring, disc and membrane are dealt with. Some numerical models, built using the FEM, are then solved using both dedicated and general purpose codes. In all cases no strong centrifugal softening is found.
Structural Design Concepts for Future Space Missions

This report explains one method of subdividing a polyhedron into triangular facets and “exploding” it into the surface of a sphere. A mathematical model is included which explains the geometry used in subdividing and transforming the icosahedron into the structural sphere. Also included are a computer program and a plot routine used in the computations.
Management of aseptic nonunions and severe bone defects: let us get this thing healed!

Summary: Effective nonunion and bone defect management requires consideration of multiple potential contributing factors including biomechanics, biology, metabolic, and patient factors. This article reviews these factors as well as several potential nonunion or bone defect treatments including bone grafts, bone graft substitutes, the induced membrane technique, and distraction osteogenesis. A summary of these concepts and guidelines for an overall approach to management are also provided.
Sensory analysis of raw and toasted pecan nuts

Nuts are nutritious and well-accepted by the general population, which has increased their consumption. This study analyzed the sensorial characteristics of raw and toasted pecan nuts. In the pre-preparation, the nuts were toasted in an electric oven and air fryer at 180 ºC for 5 and 10 min, stirring every 2.5 min. Sensory analysis was performed using an affective acceptability test using a 9-point hedonic scale, evaluating appearance, odor, texture, and flavor attributes. A higher acceptability average was noticed for pecan nuts toasted for 5 min in the air fryer , followed by roasting for 5 min in an electric oven. However, all samples showed a satisfactory acceptability index above 70%.
Big Data Based Schedule Attainment Improvement Of Test And Measurement Manufacturing Area

Production Planning is a key element of a manufacturing company. It helps with inventory management, shipping scheduling, resource management, total proceeds forecasting, etc. Schedule Attainment is a key metric of production which represents how successfully can the operation meet the targets of planning. However, if the plan is inaccurate, the operation has no control over the key performance indicator. In this article we have examined a situation where a high-mix, low volume electronic manufacturing company was not able to give correct production plan and failed to identify the root cause of the problem with standard statistical and analytical tools. With the help of the latest innovations of information technology, we were able to build an architecture that collects every available data of production and made a big data based analysis to be able to achieve better schedule attainment.
Resource bounded reductions

Acknowledgments First I would like to thank my promotores and Steven Homer and Peter van Emde Boas. Steve invited me in a very early stage of my research to come to Boston. My visits to Boston were very inspiring and invaluable. A substantial part of my research consists of joint work with him. We had many inspiring conversations, sometimes on a daily basis. I thank Steve for his support during my visits to Boston and via e-mail when I was in Amsterdam. Peter provided in the beginning a pleasant atmosphere that gave me above all the freedom to do things my way. Whenever I got stuck I could ask him for advice, that he either could give me immediately or, after consulting his oracle, the next day. In the end stages of writing this thesis he was of great value by reading my rapidly changing versions of the manuscript, debugging the proofs and being patient with me. I thank my co-promotor Leen Torenvliet. Leen is the person who started it all and made it possible for me to do this research in the rst place. I remember vividly his inspiring lectures when I was still a masters student. I thank him also for supporting me through the early stages and the numerous exciting`brain storm sessions' we had. It would not have been possible to write this thesis without him. This thesis is by no means the work of a single person. It consists of papers written with others. But also discussions and ideas of other people have contributed to this work. I would like to thank Edith Spaan, for many long and inspiring discussions, Luc Longpr e for his insights in many things and his hospitality during my visits to Boston. Special thanks are due to Albrecht Hoene, who was my ooce mate for a very short period in Boston and inspired a lot of the work done back in Amsterdam. I thank Jim Kadin for working with me in very exciting v surroundings. I thank Michiel Smid for the conversations we had in the beginning of my research and the frequent e-mail messages later. I would like to thank Alan Selman for sharing results and suggestions related to the last chapter of this thesis. His insights are invaluable. I would like to thank Jos e I thank Paul van Ulsen for reading my manuscript thoroughly. Special thanks go to …
XFEM for optimal control problems governed by Poisson equation in non-convex domain

For the optimal control problem governed by Poisson equations in non-convex domain, we followed the Hinze's variational discretization concept to discretize the problem. And we consider two kinds of XFEM (classic XFEM and XFEM with a cut-off function ) for the discrete system. Optimal error estimates are derived for the state, co-state and control. Numerical results confirmed our theoretical results, with the implementation details discussed.
Axial Constraints for Global Matching-Based Optical Flow Estimation

Optical flow estimation is a fundamental task that aims to find the 2-dimensional motion field by identifying correspondences between two input images. For quite a long time, the correlation volume followed by convolutional neural networks (CNN) to directly estimates the optical flow was a predominant pipeline. However, several pioneering methods proposed global matching recently, pointing out the limitation that CNN-based methods are struggling to handle large displacements due to their locality. Global matching is the step that identifies global correspondences at the pixel-level using entire correlation volumes at once with simple operations like softmax. However, when global matching with softmax is combined with commonly used regression loss in optical flow estimation, there will be a vast number of possible correlation volumes that can minimize the regression loss and correctly estimate correspondences. In other words, the training objective induces a one-to-many solution problem resulting in the presence of noisy gradients. In this paper, the necessity for more constraints on the correlation volume to mitigate the aforementioned ill-posed problem is discussed. To acquire such constraints, axial cross-entropy loss (i.e. axial constraints) to restrict the correlation volume to have low variance with designed pseudo ground truth is proposed. Experimental results show that axial constraints are applicable to off-the-shelves global matching-based optical flow estimation frameworks easily and lead to both quantitative and qualitative performance improvement without any architectural changes.
A 3D REPOSITORY OF DINOSAUR TEETH: THE GENERATION OF OPEN RESOURCES FOR THE CLASSIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIMENS

Abstract. Among the many valuable uses of the artificial intelligence in the field of museums, it may assist the classification of out-of-context items. This paper deals with the problem of the identification of dinosaur teeth (a type of fossil that is usually found scattered), which can be tackled by means of multivariate algorithms (such as the principal components, discriminant or cluster analyses) taking as a starting point a series of morphometric values (i.e., distances between specific points of the fossil tooth). A good interpretation requires some comprehension regarding the mathematical algorithms that are used, as well as the specific knowledge in palaeontology that permits appreciating the actual reach of the results. However, based on metric values as the computations are, there must also be some control over their precision and the possibility of checking the old measurements or complete the list of morphometric variables. This is an aspect that may be solved if the three-dimensional models of the teeth are made publicly available.The text describes the 3D documentation of a set of twelve fossil teeth of the museum of Natural Sciences of Álava (Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain) —approximately from 1 to 6 cm in size— using a structured light scanner and close-up photographs for recording some features smaller than the resolution of the scanner. The information about each tooth was then packed and uploaded to the university repository, from where it is also accessible via cultural and scientific aggregators (such as Europeana); likewise, reduced resolution copies are also accessible in the commercial platform Sketchfab®.