Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Which urban agriculture conditions enable or constrain sustainable food production?

ABSTRACT Urban agriculture (UA) has been adopted as a strategy for food security in urban areas. This study identified the conditions for development of UA through a systematic review of UA case studies. It classified the enabling and constraining conditions within the three compositional elements of UA – necessity, ability, and opportunity – and determined the primary and secondary conditions for UA design by the country income group. The following conditions are required for both high-income and low/ middle-income countries: Motivation/public awareness; labour/human resources; policy and institutional infrastructure; social capital; and arable land and resources for farming. Agricultural education/training and research and technical development are needed for low and middle-income countries as the key secondary conditions. In high-income countries, a lack of farmers’ knowledge and urban development are the main challenges to UA implementation. Therefore, the research findings could be meaningful evidence for making decisions and designing UA policies for sustainable food production.
Ethical Leadership: Descriptive Literature Review of the Diverse Influence and Development of Ethics upon Public Sector and Military Leaders, Followers, and Organizations

Literature reviews are a significant tool for examining the breadth and depth of a selected body of literature. Although there are many types of literature reviews, ranging from narrative to metaanalysis, this article uses a descriptive review. Descriptive reviews are extremely useful for examining a body of literature, highlighting key areas of interest, particularly as it addresses a specific research question, or is directed toward a particular purpose. This article utilizes a descriptive review of ethical public leadership, both in civilian and military organizations, particularly focusing on two critical areas of interest: theme identification and issue development. Four key themes were identified: leadership trust, organizational environment, relationship between employee and workplace attitudes, and ethical competence. Our review elicited several key issues reflected in the ethical public leadership literature: leader behavior relationship, employee or follower behavior, education, development, and training, and organizational awareness. In addition, four corollary issues emerged: influence of military leadership behavior, geographic distribution of study populations, distinct array of leadership positions, and methodological diversity. Our primary conclusion is that ethical public leadership research, particularly focusing on our four key issue areas, is present in all public organizations, civilian or military, crosses organizational, cultural, and geographic boundaries, and utilizes multiple types of methodologies. In summary, while we recognize limitations to our review, and point out key areas for future research, we contend public leadership is and should continue to be a fertile and significant area for ethics research and development.
Discriminant analysis of high-risk recidivism in criminal offenders based on psychopathological factors from MMPI-2-RF profiles

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to identify the critical factors discriminating individuals at high risk for recidivism among criminal offenders based on psychopathological characteristics. Data was collected from 182 violent offenders using psychological testing from prosecutors’ offices nationwide in Korea between 2017 and 2022. The offenders were divided into two groups based on the Korean Offender Recidivism Assessment System Scale-General (KORAS-G) and the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R), which are two major risk assessments in the Korean criminal justice system. Multiple comparisons were performed using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 2nd edition Restructured Form (MMPI−2-RF), and discriminant function analysis was used to identify the scales with discriminative power and hierarchical structure of relative contribution for the two risk recidivism assessments. This study highlights the utility of MMPI−2-RF in comprehensive assessments for decision-making in sentencing and judgment in the legal system. We discussed violent recidivism in the context of externalizing dysfunction, vulnerabilities in interpersonal relationships, pathological history of misconduct/antisociality and risk-taking motivation. This study calls for attention to the domestic situation of risk assessment and suggests future directions in recidivism prediction with the practical utility of MMPI−2-RF.
INTERCROPPING IN A TEMPERATE ENVIRONMENT FOR FORAGE PRODUCTION IN DRYLAND CONDITIONS.

İlker Nizam, * Hazım Serkan Tenikecier, Adnan Orak and Alp Kayahan Demirkan. Tekirdag Namık Kemal University, Agricultural Faculty, Field Crops Department, Tekirdag, Turkey. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History
Rodents Inhabiting the Southeastern Mu Us Desert May Not Have Experienced Prolonged Heat Stress in Summer 2022

Simple Summary Rodents in the Mu Us Desert may respond to increasing summer heat through behavioral or physiological adjustments. We studied the ambient temperatures that Meriones meridianus and Meriones unguiculatus might experience in their habitats. The results showed that both the heat-sensitive Meriones meridianus and the heat-tolerant Meriones unguiculatus were threatened by extreme summer heat. In addition, although vegetation and rodent burrows increased the variety of ambient temperature in the habitat, only rodent burrows were effective in providing protection from the stress of extreme summer heat. Therefore, behavioral adjustments may be the major way in which small rodents in this region avoid continuous heat stress in summer. Abstract Climate change combined with human activities has altered the spatial and temporal patterns of summer extreme heat in the Mu Us Desert. To determine how those rodents living in the desert respond to increased extreme heat in summer, in July 2022, during the hottest month, we examined the rodent species, vegetation coverage, and small-scale heterogeneity in ambient temperature in the southeastern Mu Us Desert. The results showed that Meriones meridianus, Meriones unguiculatus, and Cricetulus longicaudatus were found in the study area, where the vegetation coverage is 33.5–40.8%. Moreover, the maximum temperature of the desert surface was 61.8 °C. The maximum air temperature at 5 cm above the desert surface was 41.3 °C. The maximum temperature in the burrow at a depth of 15 cm was 31 °C. M. unguiculatus might experience 4–9.3 h of heat stress in a day when exposed outside the burrow, whereas M. meridianus would experience 8.5–10.8 h of heat stress. Yet, inside the burrow, both species were barely exposed to heat stress. In conclusion, adjustments in behavioral patterns can be the main way that rodents in the Mu Us Desert adapt to the extreme heat in the summer.
Estimation of Soil Moisture for Different Crops Using SAR Polarimetric Data

Soil moisture is an essential factor that influences agricultural productivity and hydrological processes. Soil moisture estimation using field detection methods takes time and is challenging. However, using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, soil moisture parameters become easier to detect. In microwave remote sensing, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data helps to retrieve soil moisture from more considerable depths because of its high penetration capability and the illumination power of its light source. This study aims to process the SAR Sentinel-1A data and estimate soil moisture using the Water Cloud Model (WCM). Many physical and empirical models have been developed to determine soil moisture from microwave remote sensing platforms. However, the Water Cloud Model gives more accurate results. In this study, the WCM model is used for mixed crop types. The experimental soil moisture was determined from in-situ soil samples collected from various agricultural areas. The soil backscattering values corresponding to the different soil sampling locations were derived from Sentinel SAR data. Using linear regression analysis, the laboratory's soil moisture results and soil backscattering values were correlated to arrive at a model. The model was validated using a secondary set of in-situ moisture content values taken during the same period. The R2 and RMSE of the model were observed to be 0.825 and 0.0274, respectively, proving a strong correlation between the experimental soil moisture and satellite-derived soil moisture for mixed crop field types. This paper explains the methodology for arriving at a model for soil moisture estimation. This model helps to recommend suitable crop types in large, complex areas based on predicted moisture content. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2023-09-06-08 Full Text: PDF
Chronological Changes of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Elderly Patients with Prostate Cancer after Low-Dose-Rate Prostate Brachytherapy

Background: To compare chronological changes in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) after low-dose-rate prostate extended-release therapy (LDR-BT) using the overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS) in patients aged ≥ 75 years (elderly group) versus those aged < 75 years (control group). Materials and Methods: Patients with prostate cancer who underwent LDR-BT at Gifu University Hospital were included in this study. The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), OABSS, and quality of life-based on urinary symptoms (IPSS-QOL) were evaluated before and after LDR-BT. We compared chronological changes in IPSS, OABSS, and IPSS-QOL in the elderly group with those in the control group and assessed the association between the resolution of OABSS and clinicopathological covariates. Results: A total of 484 patients were enrolled in this study. In the elderly group, the total IPSS, OABSS, and frequency scores increased at 1 month postoperatively, whereas the control group showed an increase at 3 months postoperatively. Multivariate analysis identified changes from baseline to the maximum OABSS and pre-treatment OABSS as significant predictors of delayed resolution of OABSS after LDR-BT. Conclusions: Changes in pre-treatment OABSS and pre- and post-LDR-BT OABSS values were independent predictors of delayed resolution of OABSS; however, no correlation was found with age.
Development of a wearable cybernic glove that enables object grasping and gripping force measurement with open finger pad

Patients with hand paralysis have motor and sensory dysfunction of their hands. They can neither flex/extend their fingers nor feel the gripping force. To enable the gripping motion with sensory information, sensory information has to be acquired simultaneously as the fingers are assisted. Since the skin plays a role in increasing friction with the grasped object in addition to acquiring sensory information, it is important for the skin to be in direct contact with the object. Therefore, it is necessary to enable gripping motion and measure the gripping force with an open finger pad. In this study, a wearable system was developed to enable gripping motion and gripping force measurements with an open finger pad. A tendon-driven finger-assist glove assisted the flexion/extension of the fingers and adduction/abduction of the thumb; moreover, a sensor was developed to estimate the fingertip force by measuring the lateral expansion force of the finger tissue. We conducted an evaluation experiment for the developed sensor and object grasping experiments for the developed wearable system with the sensor. The root mean square error (RMSE) in force estimation was approximately 0.2 N. In addition, the system could assist the motions of the thumb/index/middle finger in grasping objects. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Approximation Methods in Modified Gravity Models

We review some of the commonly used approximation methods to predict large-scale structure formation in modified gravity (MG) models for the cosmic acceleration. These methods are developed to speed up the often slow [Formula: see text]-body simulations in these models, or directly make approximate predictions of relevant physical quantities. In both cases, they are orders of magnitude more efficient than full simulations, making it possible to explore and delineate the large cosmological parameter space. On the other hand, there is a wide variation of their accuracies and ranges of validity, and these are usually not known a priori and must be validated against simulations. Therefore, a combination of full simulations and approximation methods will offer both efficiency and reliability. The approximation methods are also important from a theoretical point of view, since they can often offer useful insight into the nonlinear physics in MG models and inspire new algorithms for simulations.
KLASIFIKASI LAHAN MANGROVE MENGGUNAKAN METODE SINGULAR VALUE DECOMPOSITION

Mangroves is a type of forest ecosystem that growing in the tidal area especially in the beach and near the outfall area. The condition of mangrove land in Indonesia is known gradually decreasing from years to years. This research is about to classify the mangrove using the Singular Value Decomposition Regression and Spectral Angle Mapper and also calculate the sum of mangrove area that classified. The input data that used is from Landsat-8 in 2013, 2014 and 2015 which consist of seven bands that are band 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7. The study case that used is in Jakarta, Bekasi and Tangerang especially in the coastal area. The result of classification on coastal area of Jakarta, Bekasi, and Tangerang show a good result so it can be seen the changes area of mangrove from 2013 to 2015.
Improving Purge Air Cooling Effectiveness by Engineered End-Wall Surface Structures—Part I: Duct Flow

Motivated by the recent advances in additive manufacturing, this study investigated a new turbine end-wall aerothermal management method by engineered surface structures. The feasibility of enhancing purge air cooling effectiveness through a series of small-scale ribs added onto the turbine end-wall was explored experimentally and numerically in this two-part paper. Part I presents the fundamental working mechanism and cooling performance in a 90 deg turning duct (part I), and part II of this paper validates the concept in a more realistic turbine cascade case. In part I, the turning duct is employed as a simplified model for the turbine passage without introducing the horseshoe vortex. End-wall heat transfer and temperature were measured by the infrared thermography. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was also performed using ANSYS fluent to compliment the experimental findings. With the added end-wall rib structures, purge air flow was observed to be more attached to the end-wall and cover a larger wall surface area. Both experimental and numerical results reveal a consistent trend on improved film cooling effectiveness. The practical design optimization strategy is also discussed in this paper.
The dynamics of slow‐moving coherent cyclonic potential vorticity anomalies and their links to heavy rainfall over the eastern seaboard of Australia

Heavy rainfall occurs frequently on the subtropical eastern seaboard of Australia (ESB). Many rainfall events are associated with slow‐moving, upper‐level low‐pressure systems. Combined with moisture‐rich easterly winds associated with a surface anticyclone, these systems can produce heavy rainfall, leading to flooding events. Although the general meteorology of these events has been documented, much of the focus has been on surface processes, with limited attention paid previously to the dynamics aloft. Here, we investigate the upper‐level dynamics associated with heavy rainfall events over the ESB with the use of a coherent potential vorticity (PV) minimum climatology on the 330‐K isentropic level. Slow‐moving coherent cyclonic PV anomalies produce more rainfall than fast‐moving anomalies over the ESB. Rossby‐wave breaking is responsible for the development of a slow‐moving coherent cyclonic PV anomaly as well as the commonly observed surface patterns that are necessary for heavy rainfall over the ESB. Slow cyclonic coherent PV anomalies are either transported equatorwards into the Tropics, where they may influence tropical weather systems, or removed from the region by the restoration of the subtropical jet over continental Australia.
Modeling Neutrino-Driven Supernova Explosions Across the Stellar Mass and Metallicity Range

Neutrino-hydrodynamics simulations of 767 massive-star models were conducted to explore the progenitor-SN systematics. SN 1987A and the Crab SN were the observational anchors of this theoretical survey. Two parameters were identified of the pre-SN structure based on the "critical luminosity" concept allowing for a clear separation of explosions and failed SNe. Nucleosynthesis, light curves, explosion energies, and remnant masses were determined and compared to the population of observed SNe.
Airborne observations of the surface cloud radiative effect during different seasons over sea ice and open ocean in the Fram Strait

Abstract. This study analyses the cloud radiative effect (CRE) obtained from near-surface observations of three airborne campaigns in the Arctic north-west of Svalbard: Airborne measurements of radiative and turbulent FLUXes of energy and momentum in the Arctic boundary layer (AFLUX, March/April 2019), Arctic CLoud Observations Using airborne measurements during polar Day (ACLOUD, May/June 2017), and Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate – Airborne observations in the Central Arctic (MOSAiC-ACA, August/September 2020). The surface CRE quantifies the potential of clouds to modify the radiative energy budget at the surface and is calculated by combining broadband radiation measurements during low-level flight sections in mostly cloudy conditions with radiative transfer simulations of cloud-free conditions. The significance of surface albedo changes due to the presence of clouds is demonstrated, and this effect is considered in the cloud-free simulations. The observations are discussed with respect to differences of the CRE between sea ice and open-ocean surfaces and between the seasonally different campaigns. The results indicate that the CRE depends on cloud, illumination, surface, and thermodynamic properties. The solar and thermal-infrared (TIR) components of the CRE, CREsol and CRETIR, are analysed separately, as well as combined for the study of the total CRE (CREtot). The inter-campaign differences of CREsol are dominated by the seasonal cycle of the solar zenith angle, with the strongest cooling effect in summer. The lower surface albedo causes a stronger solar cooling effect over open ocean than over sea ice, which amounts to −259 W m−2 (−108 W m−2) and −65 W m−2 (−17 W m−2), respectively, during summer (spring). Independent of campaign and surface type, CRETIR is only weakly variable and shows values around 75 W m−2. In total, clouds show a negative CREtot over open ocean during all campaigns. In contrast, over sea ice, the positive CREtot suggests a warming effect of clouds at the surface, which neutralizes during mid-summer. Given the seasonal cycle of the sea ice distribution, these results imply that clouds in the Fram Strait region cool the surface during the sea ice minimum in late summer, while they warm the surface during the sea ice maximum in spring.
Media Self-Censorship in a Self-Censoring Society: Transformation of Journalist-Source Relationships in Hong Kong

ABSTRACT In authoritarian or semi-authoritarian countries where the news media and the society are under tight political control, media self-censorship cannot be understood in isolation from society-wide self-censorship. Based on this premise, this article examines the problematic of media self-censorship by focusing on journalist-source interaction and the media-and-civil-society nexus. The empirical study focuses on Hong Kong after the establishment of the National Security Law in 2020, which ushered in an era of legalization of political and press control. Drawing on 47 in-depth interviews with journalists, this article illustrates how the political environment led to the disappearance of news sources and how media and societal self-censorship were intertwined, creating the friction and frustration that hampered the publication and circulation of critical information and viewpoints. The analysis also noted the unevenness of societal self-censorship and its implications, as well as journalistic responses to the situation. General theoretical implications are discussed.
Evaluation of Components of Volunteerism in Master Horseman Program Graduates

Providing volunteers with training opportunities affects the overall success of programs with which they are involved. This article describes a study of 98 Louisiana Master Horseman Program graduates. The study addressed their perceived self-efficacy related to equine technical and management skills, their changes in confidence regarding teaching relevant skills to others, and their willingness to teach those skills to others. Results indicated that the training positively affected graduates' horsemanship skills and their confidence and willingness related to teaching such skills. Findings suggest that the Louisiana Master Horseman Program is useful for creating a highly trained volunteer workforce and is a master volunteer program option that could be replicated successfully in other states.
Investigation of Line Search Globalization and Scaling Aspects of Newton's Method in Two Industrial Implementations

Simulating complex physical systems often requires solving systems of nonlinear algebraic equations. One of the most frequently used numerical methods to solve systems of nonlinear equations is Newton's method with its advantage of quadratic local convergence. However, Newton's method does not guarantee global convergence. This raises the need for combining Newton's method with a globalization strategy. One more problem that affects Newton's method convergence is caused by large differences in the scales of the iteration variables as well as the residuals. Although the Newton iteration is affine invariant, the termination criteria and norm calculations are not. This in turn affects the convergence. In this thesis, we address topics of Newton's method globalization using line search and the scaling of both variables and residuals from theoretical and implementation perspective.
Bandpass filters using multi-mode square ring resonators

A novel scheme of a multi-mode square ring resonator (MMSRR) is proposed in this study. To analyse the characteristics of the proposed resonator, the odd- and even-mode based method is used, which shows that the basic type of resonator has five resonant modes and three transmission zeros (TZs). The frequencies of the transmission poles and TZs can be changed by varying the sizes of the transmission lines of the resonator flexibly. By varying properly the parameters of the resonator, a dual-band bandpass filter (BPF) is designed with central frequencies of 1.78 and 3.04 GHz, respectively. To explore further the performance of the proposed MMSRR, two single-band BPFs with controllable bandwidth are designed. The bandwidth of the filter can be tuned in the range of 138.6 MHz by changing only the characteristic impedance of middle microstrips, which is much higher than previous works. Furthermore, to improve the band-to-band isolation of dual-band filters, a stub is imposed in the middle of the proposed resonator, which can improve significantly the band-to-band isolation. Simulation and measurement results show that the isolation is >26.3 dB. The results of the simulation and measurement are in good agreement.