Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A wearable platform for closed-loop stimulation and recording of single-neuron and local field potential activity in freely-moving humans

Advancements in technologies that can record and stimulate deep-brain activity in humans have led to impactful discoveries within the field of neuroscience and contributed to the development of novel therapies for neurological and psychiatric disorders. Further progress, however, has been hindered by device limitations in that recording of single-neuron activity during freely-moving behaviors in humans has not been possible. Additionally, implantable neurostimulation devices, currently approved for human use, have limited stimulation programmability and lack full-duplex bi-directional capability. Here, we report a wearable bi-directional closed-loop neuromodulation system (Neuro-stack) that allows for the recording of single-neuron and local field potential activity during ambulatory behavior in humans. Together with a highly flexible and customizable stimulation capability, the Neuro-stack provides an opportunity to develop improved responsive neuromodulation therapies, investigation of brain function during naturalistic behaviors in humans, and consequently, the bridging of decades of neuroscientific findings across species.
Philosophy of Biology

A consensus exists among contemporary philosophers of biology about the history of their field. According to the received view, mainstream philosophy of science in the 1930s, 40s, and 50s focused on physics and general epistemology, neglecting analyses of the ‘special sciences’, including biology. The subdiscipline of philosophy of biology emerged (and could only have emerged) after the decline of logical positivism in the 1960s and 70s. In this paper, I present bibliometric data from four major philosophy of science journals (Erkenntnis, Philosophy of Science, Synthese, and the British Journal for the Philosophy of Science), covering 1930-1959, which challenge this view.
ARTICLE-DIVIDEND POLICY, SIZE AND SHARE PRICE: TH PLANTATIONS BERHAD VERSUS PROFITABLE COMPANIES AT BURSA MALAYSIA

This study is inspired by the motivation to investigate the theoretical relevance of dividend policy, firm size and share price of top businesses at Bursa Malaysia. Within the bird-in-hand theory on dividend and market share profitability hypothesis, this research adopts the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) as an estimating model exploiting yearly data from 2015 through 2020. The empirical results from GMM clearly show that dividend per share (DPS) and size (as proxied by sales) do influence the performance (as proxied by closing share price) of the selected companies across the different sectors. As such, the dividend hypothesis and size are relevant in explaining changes in share values. Although DPS is our control variable, size does have a significant positive impact on a firm's success. However, the lag-closing price variable demonstrates otherwise. In a nutshell, the empirical evidence from this study reveals a breach of the Efficient Market Hypothesis which suggests that Bursa Malaysia is informationally inefficient in semi-strong form. Size is a crucial explanatory variable that impacts a firm's performance. TH Plantations Berhad should mimic the sales techniques implemented by these top businesses at Bursa Malaysia to sustain its long-term growth.
ARTICLE-CENTRAL BANK POLICY RATE DIFFERENTIAL: THE IMPACT ON FOREIGN PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT

This study empirically analyses the threshold levels of central bank policy rate differential concerning foreign portfolio investment and foreign direct investment for the Southern African Customs Union over the period 1990 to 2019. The fixed effect panel threshold described the threshold levels. The findings from the study show that the central bank policy rate differential has a linear relationship with either foreign portfolio investment or foreign direct investment. It is characterized by a threshold of 2.5000 concerning foreign portfolio investment while it stood at 10.1600 in terms of foreign direct investment. Central bank policy rate differential below the threshold of 2.5000 is found to be statistically significant but it decreases foreign portfolio investment while below the threshold of 10.1600, it increases foreign direct investment. However, in either case of foreign portfolio investment and foreign direct investment, broad money growth rate and inflation rate were found to be statistically insignificant in influencing both components of capital flows. The study concludes that the differentials in the policy rates promote foreign direct investment but decrease foreign portfolio investment.
A Baseline for Cross-Domain Fine-Grained Vehicle Classiﬁcation in a Supervised Partially Zero-Shot Setting

Fine-grained vehicle classiﬁcation is an important task particularly for security applications like searching for cars of suspects who abuse stolen license plates. However, data privacy and the large number of existing car models render it highly diﬃcult to create a large up-to-date dataset for ﬁne-grained vehicle classiﬁcation with surveillance images. While a large number of images of vehicles are available in the web due to car selling sites, they have a perspective which is vastly diﬀerent to surveillance images. Domain adaptation is the ﬁeld of research that uses domain-wise inappropriate images for training of classiﬁcation models with the target of running accurate inference on images of a diﬀerent domain. Since the widely considered unsupervised and semi-supervised domain adaptation settings are unrealistic for ﬁne-grained vehicle classiﬁcation, we establish a baseline for cross-domain ﬁne-grained vehicle classiﬁcation in a supervised partially zero-shot setting. Our results indicate that existing domain adaptation methods like domain adversarial training and triplet loss are still advantageous for this setting and we show the beneﬁt of distance-based classiﬁcation for this task.
Rural - Urban Divide in Diet Diversity and Nutritional Security: Some Insights from Karnataka State

The study has assessed the status of nutrient intake and dietary habits across rural and urban households of Karnataka by collecting primary data from 160 rural and urban households using averaged two days 24 hours recall method from February to April during the year 2016. The study has found that most of the households were nutritionally insecure (80 per cent) and on an average, the intake of both macronutrients like energy, protein and fat and micronutrients such as β -carotene, niacin and folic acid was lower than the recommended dietary allowance (RDA). The mean daily per capita energy intake was higher in the rural (2163.13 kcal) than the urban (2003.75 kcal) households. A high degree of inequality exists in food consumption expenditure between low and high-income groups. The regression results have indicated that, age, education, production diversity, income and food expenditure of the households have a positive and significant influence and market distance has a negative and significant influence on the dietary diversity of households. The major policy options suggested are: distributing subsidised nutritive food commodities, milch animals, imparting training on kitchen garden practices, generating awareness about nutrition, etc. to improve nutritional security of the households.
TESTING THE IMPACT OF EARNINGS QUALITY ON STOCK RETURNS: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY IN A SAMPLE OF ARAB FINANCIAL MARKETS

This study delves into the correlation between earnings quality and stock returns within Arab financial markets. Through an examination of data encompassing 115 companies listed on the stock exchanges of Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, and Dubai over the period spanning 2010 to 2021, and employing the weighted least squares method, the study investigates how six metrics of earnings quality impact stock returns. The findings we have arrived at underscore the pronounced significance of earnings quality as reflected in the financial reports of companies. This influence has a bearing on investor confidence levels and, consequently, stock returns. Enhanced transparency in accounting practices can contribute to mitigating the volatility of stock returns, thereby bolstering the appeal for long-term investors. Moreover, the availability of dependable insights into forthcoming performance assumes a pivotal role in shaping investment decisions and the evaluation of companies. As a result, this research forms a foundational basis for making well-informed investment selections grounded in accurate earnings quality data. It sheds illuminating insights on the intricate interplay between earnings quality and the
Early stage cervical cancer : quality of cancer care and quality of life

Objective: To assess the role of postoperative radiotherapy for early stage cervical carcinoma with risk factors other than positive nodes, parametrial invasion or positive margins, and to compare outcomes using the Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC) modiﬁ cation of the Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) system with the GOG prognostic scoring system itself. Methods: Between January 1984 and April 2005, 402 patients with early stage cervical cancer underwent radical hysterectomy. Fifty-one patients (13%) had 2 of the 3 risk factors; pathological tumour size (≥40mm), invasion (≥ 15 mm) and capillary lymphatic space involvement and were identiﬁ ed as the so-called High Risk group (HR group). We compared 34 patients who received radiotherapy based on the LUMC risk proﬁ le (67%) with 17 who did not (33%). The GOG score was calculated as well. We compared the GOG scores within the LUMC risk groups: HR+ (2 out of 3 risk-factors) and HR-(less than 2 out of 3 risk-factors). Results: Differences in 5-year Cancer Speciﬁ c Survival (CSS) and 5-year Disease Free Survival (DFS) between the HR group treated with (86%; 85%) and without radiotherapy (57%; 43%) were statistically signiﬁ cant. The LUMC criteria did not signiﬁ cantly differ from the GOG risk proﬁ le, concerning recurrence, CSS and DFS. Conclusions: High-risk patients beneﬁ t from adjuvant radiotherapy. The LUMC modiﬁ cation of the GOG system seems to be simpler, has a slightly higher threshold for the indication for radiotherapy, but without a difference in outcome.
The GAPS Programme at TNG

The nearby mid-K dwarf HIP 66074 was recently identified as host to a candidate super-Jupiter companion on a ∼300 day, almost edge-on, orbit, based on Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3) astrometry. Initial attempts at confirming the planetary nature of the signal based on publicly available radial-velocity (RV) observations uncovered an intriguing conundrum: the inferred RV semi-amplitude appears to be a factor of 15 smaller than the one predicted based on the Gaia solution (corresponding to a 7-MJup companion on a close to edge-on orbit). We present the results of intensive RV monitoring of HIP 66074 with the HARPS-N spectrograph. We detected the companion at the Gaia period, but with an extremely eccentric orbit (e = 0.948 ± 0.004), a semi-amplitude K = 93.9−7.0+9.4 m s−1, and a minimum mass mb sin ib = 0.79 ± 0.05 MJup. We used detailed simulations of Gaia astrometry with the DR3 time-span to show that the conundrum can be fully resolved by taking into account the combination of the initially sub-optimal RV sampling and systematic biases in the Gaia astrometric solution, which include an underestimation of the eccentricity and incorrect identification of orbital inclination, which has turned out to correspond to a close to face-on configuration (i ≲ 13°). With an estimated mass in the approximate range of 3 − 7 MJup, we find that HIP 66074b (≡Gaia-3b) is the first exoplanet candidate astrometrically detected by Gaia to be successfully confirmed based on RV follow-up observations.
STUDIES IN LOGIC, GRAMMAR AND RHETORIC 27 (40) 2012

Philosophical intuition may be used as a shortcut for establishing what ordinary people would say or do in certain circumstances. In such use it may be and should be replaced by proper empirical tests. This part of philosophy, in which such information is essential to arguments, should be experimental philosophy. However philosophical intuition may be – and has been – understood differently. Namely it can be regarded as a principled, thorough, dispassionate, unbiased analysis of the fundamental traits of human cognition in the first person perspective. While science arises from a critical and systematic attitude towards the third person aspect of common sense, philosophical insights result from adopting such an attitude towards the first person aspect of common sense. Such insights are quite rare; but if they are sufficiently deep, they can ‘reflect some fundamental features of our thought about the world’ (Strawson). Among instances of a philosophical inquiry aiming at formulating such insights we may count Strawson’s descriptive ontology and – for another instance – Husserl’s theory of intentionality. I have enumerated several observations made by Husserl on this and, by that example, have highlighted three important aspects of deep philosophical insights. One, despite their first person perspective, they are not idiosyncratic: other thinkers, even from very different traditions, arrive at very similar insights. Two, they are not dim and vague: they can be expressed precisely, even in the shape of formal calculus. Three, they are not a priori. They may be misguided, but their shortcomings are traceable and correctible. In particular, I show how one could think about correcting some flaws in Husserl’s account of intentionality and proceeding to a new, rather naturalistic theory of it. One of the sources of the problem with philosophical insights and the rise of experimental philosophy is the serious devaluation of the role played by intuition in philosophical arguments. Increasingly, intuition has been treated as a short cut to common knowledge, a cheap replacement for tiresome and expensive tests. A vivid example of such treatment can be found in the debate around contextualism in epistemology. Most participants in the debate (notably [DeRose, 1992]) would argue that normally people would say this or that in such-and-such situation and therefore this theory is better than that theory because the former predicts the data and the latter ISBN 978–83–7431–346–9 ISSN 0860-150X 187
GENDERED DIVISION OF HOUSEWORK IN GREECE A feminist analysis of a time use survey

The aim of this thesis is to examine the gendered housework division in Greece based on research questions about participation by gender, chore types, and factors like age, education, and employment's influence, as well as uncovering related dynamics and trends. A quantitative analysis is employed using Greece's single time use survey conducted in 2013, which reveals substantial gender inequalities in housework division. Women dedicate nearly three times more than men daily to housework, even when employed in paid jobs. Age-wise, the gender gap persists, increasing with age. Core household tasks such as cooking, house cleaning, and laundry are dominated by women, while men spend more time on activities like gardening and repairs. Comparisons with European data highlight similar trends. A need for new surveys and gender norms exploration for policy change is evident.
DISCUSSIONS ON DEVELOPMENT AND PROTECTION OF TOURING RESOURCES OF CHINA'S SANDY BEACHES FROM BEACH NOURISHMENT ENGINEERING DONE FOR AMERICAN EAST COAST

The 21st century is an era for sea.The author uses the successful experiences of beach nourishment engineering done by US for its east coast for reference,raises some problems China is confronted with when it is developing its sandy beach resources such as loss of the sandy beach resources due to coast erosion,pollution in the beach touring resources,great differences in the beach utilization and man made destruction,and foresees that China must implement beach nourishment engineering in near future and the engineering will be listed into relevant laws or plans for integrated coast zone management.
AFTER TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY : A SURVEY IN 70 EUROPEAN NEUROTRAUMA CENTRES PARTICIPATING IN THE CENTER-TBI STUDY

Maryse C. CNOSSEN, MSc1, Hester F. LINGSMA, PhD1, Olli TENOVUO, MD, PhD2,3, Andrew I.R. MAAS, MD, PhD4, David MENON, MD, PhD5, Ewout. W. STEYERBERG, PhD1, Gerard M. RIBBERS, MD, PhD6,7, Suzanne POLINDER, PhD1 and the CENTER-TBI investigators and participants From the 1Center for Medical Decision Sciences, Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 2Turku University Hospital, Department of Rehabilitation and Brain Trauma, Division of Clinical Neurosciences, 3University of Turku, Department of Neurology, Turku, Finland, 4Department of Neurosurgery, Antwerp University Hospital and University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium, 5Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge/Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK, 6Rijndam Rehabilitation Center, and 7Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
UNRAMIFIED CORRESPONDENCES AND

We establish a connection between the conjecture of Bogomolov-Tschinkel about unramiﬁed correspondences and the Ivanov conjecture about the virtual homology of mapping class groups. Given g ≥ 2, we show that every genus g Riemann surface X virtually dominates a ﬁxed Riemann surface Y of genus at least two if and only if there exists a ﬁnite index subgroup Γ < Mod 1 g which allows a point pushing epimorphism onto a free group of rank two. As a consequence of this result we show that the Putman-Wieland conjecture about the Higher Prym representations does not hold when g = 2.
Chapter 5 Dynamics of Chikungunya Virus Cell Entry Unraveled by Single Virus Tracking in Living Cells

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a rapidly emerging mosquito-borne human pathogen causing major outbreaks in Africa, Asia and within the Americas. The cell entry pathway hijacked by CHIKV to infect a cell has been studied before using cell entry inhibitor molecules. The majority of studies conclude that CHIKV enters cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Other studies however show that CHIKV enters cells independently of clathrin. Here, we applied live-cell microscopy and monitored the cell entry behaviour of single CHIKV particles in living cells transfected with fluorescent marker proteins. This approach allowed us to receive a detailed insight in the dynamic events that occur during CHIKV cell entry. We observed that almost all particles fused within 20 minutes post-addition to the cells. The vast majority of particles that fused first co-localized with clathrin. The time from initial co-localization with clathrin till the moment of membrane fusion was on average 1.7 minutes, highlighting the fast nature of the cell entry process of CHIKV. Furthermore, these results also show that the virus spends a profound time searching for a receptor. Membrane fusion was predominantly observed from within Rab5-positive endosomes and often occurred within 40 seconds post-delivery to endosomes. Furthermore, we confirmed that a valine at position E1-226 enhances the cholesterol-dependent membrane fusion properties of CHIKV. To conclude, our work confirms that CHIKV cell entry occurs via clathrin-mediated endocytosis and shows that fusion occurs from within acidic early endosomes.
The relationship between the microclimate and the landscape design of theme park

This study aims to help the development of the theme park through the understanding of the relationship between local climate and landscape design via the experiences and views from tourists which can be used as a medium to create the value of satisfaction and comfort during their visit to the theme park. Microclimate was defined as the local climate of one area in which to engage in any development or construction, knowledge and research on the climate of the area should be studied in advance so the developments can be aligned and considered with the local climate. Microclimate responds to every development in the surrounding including landscape construction. Design and use of the landscape plays an important role, especially for a theme park where the landscape use as a medium of intermediary in between of one area with local climate in order to help visitors adapt to local climate through landscape design. To produce the landscape design of theme park that considering the local climate, the understanding towards the tourist's experience and perspectives are very important. Therefore, a quantitative analysis study was conducted in a Legoland Malaysia theme park to study the typology of tourists, tourist's experience on the use of landscape, tourist's perspective on the overall landscape design with the local climate and lastly the overall assessment of the level of satisfaction of tourists during their stay in the theme park. The outcome of the research found some landscape design constraints towards the local climate has been identified and suggestions for future research were discussed and proposed. The understanding towards this study can help in creating a design that is more accurate and sensitive to the local climate in order to provide maximum comfort and satisfaction to the theme park's user, either domestic tourist or international tourists.
Learning Conditional Generative Models for Phase Retrieval

Reconstructing images from magnitude measurements is an important and diﬃcult problem arising in many research areas, such as X-ray crystallography, astronomical imaging and more. While optimization-based approaches often struggle with the non-convexity and non-linearity of the problem, learning-based approaches are able to produce reconstructions of high quality for data similar to a given training dataset. In this work, we analyze a class of methods based on conditional generative adversarial networks (CGAN). We show how the beneﬁts of optimization-based and learning-based methods can be combined to improve reconstruction quality. Furthermore, we show that these combined methods are able to generalize to out-of-distribution data and analyze their robustness to measurement noise. In addition to that, we compare how the methods are impacted by missing measurements. Extensive ablation studies demonstrate that all components of our approach are essential and justify the choice of network architecture
Near-real-time Identification of Seismic Damage by Graph Neural Network based on Structural Modes

: This paper proposes a near-real-time damage identification method based on the graph neural network (GNN) using the structural response data recorded during an earthquake event. The proposed method features a structural-mode-based weighted adjacency matrix to enable the GNN model to learn the spatial correlation and structural characteristics. The GNN model has an autoencoder architecture, one of the self-supervised deep neural networks that can detect anomalies in the input data by extracting important latent variables. The proposed method consists of ‘encoder’, ‘graph structure decoder’, and ‘node feature decoder’ that respectively learn latent variables of input data considering the spatial correlation, structural characteristics of the graph by reconstructing the adjacency matrix, and vibrational characteristics by reconstructing the response data. The GNN model is trained using the simulated structural responses and the structural-mode-based adjacency matrix of the target structure in a healthy state. The seismic damage of each member is then identified by the structural damage index calculated based on the reconstruction errors. As a numerical investigation, the proposed method is applied to two-and three-dimensional steel frame structures. Structural analyses are performed using ground motions from the PEER-NGA strong motion database to create the train, validation, and test datasets. The proposed method is verified by near-real-time simulations using the test dataset. The results demonstrate that the proposed GNN-based method can identify seismic damage accurately in near-real-time. The proposed method under various load conditions is expected to help reduce the time required for the post-disaster decision-making process by providing near-real-time damage identification.