Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the Topographic Modulation of Large-Scale Eddying Flows

AbstractThe modulation of large-scale eddying flows by gentle variation in topography is examined using a combination of direct numerical simulations and theoretical arguments. The basic state is represented by a laterally uniform zonal current that is restricted to the upper layer of a baroclinically unstable quasigeostrophic two-layer system. Therefore, the observed topographically induced generation of large-scale patterns is attributed entirely to the action of mesoscale eddies. The parameter regime investigated in this study is not conducive to the spontaneous formation of stationary zonal jets. The interaction between the large-scale current, eddies, and topography is described using an asymptotic multiscale model. The ability of the model to explicitly represent the interaction between distinct flow components makes it possible to unambiguously interpret the essential dynamics of the topographic/eddy-induced modulation. The multiscale solutions obtained reflect the balance between the modification .
A week on the plateau: pig husbandry, mobility and resource exploitation in central Sardinia

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Lake levels in a discontinuous permafrost landscape: Late Holocene variations inferred from sediment oxygen isotopes, Yukon Flats, Alaska

ABSTRACT During recent decades, lake levels in the Yukon Flats region of interior Alaska have fluctuated dramatically. However, prior to recorded observations, no data are available to indicate if similar or more extreme variations occurred during past centuries and millennia. This study explores the history of Yukon Flats lake origins and lake levels for the past approximately 5,500 years from sediment analyses guided by previous work on permafrost extent, thermokarst, and modern isotope hydrology. Sediments dated by 210Pb and AMS radiocarbon indicate stable chronologies following initial lake initiation. Subsequent lithology is autochthonous, and oxygen isotope ratios of endogenic carbonate reflect lake level change at multiple time scales. Sediment results indicate high lake levels between approximately 4000 and 1850 cal yr BP, which is interpreted to reflect wetter-than-modern conditions. Lower lake levels with short-lived high stands during the past approximately 800 years reflect generally arid conditions with brief wet intervals similar to the region’s moisture regime today. The millennial trend is one of increasing aridity and corresponds closely with fire reconstructions and regional paleoclimatic trends. We conclude that high-magnitude lake-level fluctuations and decadal scale trends occurred before the observational period and are persistent hydroclimatic features of the Yukon Flats region.
Field evidence for geophysical detection of subsurface zones of enhanced microbial activity

Geochemical data from closely spaced vertical intervals in a hydrocarbon‐impacted aquifer were used to assess the relationship between bulk conductivity and zones of enhanced microbial activity. The bulk conductivity was measured using in situ vertical resistivity probes. Microbial activity was verified using terminal electron acceptors (nitrate, sulfate, iron, and manganese), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and major ion chemistry. Peaks in bulk conductivity in the aquifer overlapped with zones where nitrates and sulfates were depleted, total petroleum hydrocarbon, iron, manganese, dissolved ions, and DIC were elevated, suggesting a link between higher electrical conductivity and zones of enhanced microbial activity stimulated by the presence of hydrocarbon. Thus the subsurface expression of microbial activity is apparently recorded in the bulk conductivity measurements. Our results argue for combining geophysics with biogeochemistry studies to delineate subsurface zones of enhanced microbial activity.
Bloqueo Nodal Sinoauricular: caso clínico

Introducción. Bloqueo Nodal Sinoauricular comprende una variedad de condiciones que involucran la disfunción del nódulo sinusal, se presenta la incapacidad del nódulo sinoauricular para producir una frecuencia cardíaca adecuada que satisfaga las necesidades fisiológicas del individuo. Objetivo. determinar el manejo de Bloqueo Nodal Sinoauricular para presentar aspectos nuevos e instructivos de la enfermedad en un caso clínico. Metodología. Análisis de caso clínico tipo descriptivo retrospectivo, para la recolección de información se realizó una revisión de historia clínica; para la descripción de la enfermedad se realizó una recopilación de información en bases de datos reconocidas como: Scopus, Pubmed, web of Science, Lilacs. Resultados. En el caso clínico expuesto se presenta a un paciente de 56 años de edad, sexo masculino Ritmo sinusal / F.C. 77 1 pm / PR 180 ms/ QRS 90 ms/ QT 360 ms I EJe del QRS -60° Trazo: Trastorno nodal sinoatrial, con diagnósticos: Cardiopatía hipertensiva no dilatada con función sistólica a estimar e hipertensión arterial no controlado Estadio II. Conclusión. El diagnóstico de la enfermedad del nodo sinoatrial puede ser complicado debido a su curso lento y errático, se deben correlacionar los datos de la historia clínica con hallazgos encontrados en el electrocardiograma de 12 derivaciones y monitoreo Holter de 24 horas. El diagnóstico y tratamiento de la disfunción sinoauricular, es un problema común en la práctica; está constituida por diversos trastornos del ritmo que pueden llevar a eventos cardiovasculares mayores. Área de estudio general: medicina. Área de estudio específica: cardiología. Tipo de estudio: Casos clínicos.
Domain Invariant and Compact Prototype Contrast Adaptation for Hyperspectral Image Classification

Contrastive learning achieves good performance on hyperspectral image classification (HSIC), but its application on cross-scene classification is still challenging due to domain shifts. The emergence of domain adaptation (DA) techniques can reduce domain discrepancy and transfer a model between two domains. Recently, instance-level contrast adaptation methods can connect two related domains, and domain-invariant features are extracted. However, it is sensitive to noisy samples and only learns low-level discriminative features. To solve these problems, a novel domain invariant and compact prototype contrast adaptation (DIC-proCA) framework is proposed for HSIC. About the proposed DIC-proCA, the prototype is introduced into the contrastive learning framework, which serves as a representative embedding of semantically similar samples, has class representativeness, and can alleviate the negative impact of outliers. Taking into account the class representativeness of the prototype and the discriminability of the sample itself, a bidirectional interdomain instance-to-prototype contrastive loss is proposed. It explicitly expresses feature relationships between categories in different domains, and then extracts domain-invariant features. Meanwhile, the mining of compact discriminative features within the target domain is facilitated by instance-level contrastive learning after data augmentation. In addition, the strategy of label smoothing (LS) promotes the clusters in the domain to be more compact and evenly separated, making the model more generalizable. Three cross-scene HSIC tasks demonstrate that the proposed DIC-proCA exhibits superior performance compared to some advanced DA algorithms.
Transcriptome Analysis of Compensatory Growth and Meat Quality Alteration after Varied Restricted Feeding Conditions in Beef Cattle

Compensatory growth (CG) is a physiological response that accelerates growth following a period of nutrient limitation, with the potential to improve growth efficiency and meat quality in cattle. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, 60 Huaxi cattle were divided into one ad libitum feeding (ALF) group and two restricted feeding groups (75% restricted, RF75; 50% restricted, RF50) undergoing a short-term restriction period followed by evaluation of CG. Detailed comparisons of growth performance during the experimental period, as well as carcass and meat quality traits, were conducted, complemented by a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of the longissimus dorsi muscle using differential expression analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), gene set variation analysis (GSVA), and weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA). The results showed that irrespective of the restriction degree, the restricted animals exhibited CG, achieving final body weights comparable to the ALF group. Compensating animals showed differences in meat quality traits, such as pH, cooking loss, and fat content, compared to the ALF group. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 57 genes and 31 pathways differentially regulated during CG, covering immune response, acid-lipid metabolism, and protein synthesis. Notably, complement–coagulation–fibrinolytic system synergy was identified as potentially responsible for meat quality optimization in RF75. This study provides novel and valuable genetic insights into the regulatory mechanisms of CG in beef cattle.
Discovery of star systems at the merger limit by large astronomical surveys

This study presents the identiﬁcation and the best photometric so-lution of 92 low mass ratio (LMR) totally eclipsing contact binaries in Catalina Sky Survey data, among which 37 are new discoveries, six are candidates for mergers, and a unique ultra-short period LMR
Mesh size selectivity of surface and mid-water gillnet for catching freshwater sardines “Sardinella tawilis” (Herre, 1927) in Taal Lake, Philippines

Technical information on the mesh size selectivity for tawilis fishery in Taal Lake is presently unknown or undocumented and different mesh sizes of gillnets are employed to exploit the species at various sizes. The study investigated the mesh size selectivity involving gillnet fishery for Sardinella tawilis using four different mesh sizes: 3.39 cm (10k), 3.05 cm (11k), 2.77 cm (12k), and 2.65 cm (12.5k). Fishing trials were conducted in Taal Lake, Philippines from October 2014 to September 2015. A total of 4,456 pieces of S. tawilis were caught with the length ranges from 8.5 cm to 14.5 cm mid-length. The seasonal changes in the gonadosomatic index (GSI) showed that S. tawilis spawns between March-May and August. Length at 50% maturity (L50) was estimated at 11.66 cm and used as the criterion for selecting the appropriate mesh size. The optimal length for each mesh size was estimated employing the Baranov-Holt method. The estimated optimal lengths of S. tawilis were estimated at 10.6 cm, 11.08 cm, 13.07 cm, and 14.53 cm for the mesh sizes of 12.5k, 12k, 11k, and 10k, respectively. Hence, the appropriate gillnet mesh size for S. tawilis corresponding to length at 50% maturity was
Control of multimodal topological edge modes in magnetoelastic lattices

One-dimensional topological acoustic systems oﬀer robust signal transmission and localization in compact spaces. Here, we demonstrate the ability to control both longitudinal and transverse topological waves in a quasi-one-dimensional elastic lattice, composed of an array of repelling magnets connected to elastic cantilevers. The two diﬀerent topological modes can be separately or simultaneously excited at selected frequencies. Our system enables controlled multimodal propagation and edge localization, owing to its ﬁnite size and to the design of longitudinal and transverse topological band gaps within similar frequency ranges. In addition to the robustness of the topological modes to unintentional disorder, we show that disorder can couple degrees of freedom and tailor the energy distribution between longitudinal and transverse waves. This system may enable other studies on the interactions of topological modes useful in sensing and information-processing applications.
Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Antioxidant and NSAID Derivatives with Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Plasma Lipid Lowering Effects

Amides containing methyl esters of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), L-proline and L-tyrosine, and esters containing 3-(pyridin-3-yl)propan-1-ol were synthesized by conjugation with 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic, an NSAID (tolfenamic acid), or 3-phenylacrylic (cinnamic, (E)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic and caffeic) acids. The rationale for the conjugation of such moieties was based on the design of structures with two or more molecular characteristics. The novel compounds were tested for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic properties. Several compounds were potent antioxidants, comparable to the well-known antioxidant, Trolox. In addition, the radical scavenging activity of compound 6 reached levels that were slightly better than that of Trolox. All the tested compounds demonstrated remarkable activity in the reduction in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema, up to 59% (compound 2, a dual antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecule, with almost 2.5-times higher activity in this experiment than the parent NSAID). Additionally, the compounds caused a significant decrease in the plasma lipidemic indices in Triton-induced hyperlipidemic rats. Compound 2 decreased total cholesterol by 75.1% and compound 3 decreased triglycerides by 79.3% at 150 μmol/kg (i.p.). The hypocholesterolemic effect of the compounds was comparable to that of simvastatin, a well-known hypocholesterolemic drug. Additionally, all compounds lowered blood triglycerides. The synthesized compounds with multiple activities, as designed, may be useful as potential candidates for conditions involving inflammation, lipidemic deregulation and oxygen toxicity.
Inhibition of Grain Boundary Sliding in Fine‐Grained Ice by Intergranular Particles: Implications for Planetary Ice Masses

Ice in both terrestrial and planetary settings often contains rock particles. Here we present an experimental investigation of the influence of intergranular particles on the rheological behavior of ice. Experiments were performed on samples fabricated from 10‐μm ice powders +1‐μm graphite or 0.8‐μm alumina particles and subjected to elevated confining pressures. A critical particle fraction, ∼6%, was observed, below which samples behave like pure ice and deform by both grain boundary sliding (GBS) and dislocation creep, and above which GBS creep is impeded. Above this critical fraction, ice grains occur in particle‐free clusters surrounded by bands of particles mixed with fine‐grained ice, resulting in the impedance of GBS in the bands as well as sliding between the ice clusters. Our results imply that South Polar Layered Deposits and midlatitude lobate debris aprons on Mars must contain >94% ice and that the shallow subsurface of Ceres could contain >90% ice.
Management Practices and Productive Performances of Sasso Chickens Breed under Village Production System in SNNPR, Ethiopia

A cross sectional study was conducted with the objectives of assessing management practices and to evaluate productive performance of Sasso under village production system in two woredas of Wolaitta zone (Sodo zuria and Boloso sore) and two woredas of Kambata tambaro zone (Angecha and Hadaro tunto), SNNPR, Ethiopia. Totally, 160 randomly selected respondents were included in the study from eight purposively selected Peasant Associations (PAs) from four districts. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and one way ANOVA. In all study woredas, 64% of the chicken owners provided supplementary feed to the village chicken, especially during feed scarcity seasons . Maize, wheat and ''Frushka'' were the most common additional supplementary feeds used in feeding poultry in the study woredas, mostly three times a day. About 96.8% of respondents in study areas provided water with free access. The average eggs laid/year/bird was 229.14±52.49 and 54.96±15.65 eggs for Sasso and local chickens, respectively. Average age at first laying was 4.76±0.85 and 6.22±1.26 months for Sasso and local chicken respectively. Presence of diseases, in adequate veterinary services, feed shortage and predators were listed as major constraints in all study woredas. Getting improved chicks at affordable price, provision of vaccination at village level, getting training on poultry rearing, supply of electricity and clean water were mentioned as option to improve chicken productivity in the study woredas. The study showed good performance of Sasso chicken under village production system; suggesting productivity could be increased through improved housing, feeding and health management. Keywords: Sasso, village poultry production system, productive performances, body weight
Design of an Integral Fuzzy Logic Controller for a Variable-Speed Wind Turbine Model

The demand for electricity is continuously growing around the world and thus the need for renewable and long-lasting sources of energy has become an essential challenge. Wind turbines are considered one of the major sources of renewable electricity generation. Therefore, there is a crucial demand for wind turbine model and control systems that are capable of precisely simulating the actual wind power systems. In this paper, an advanced fuzzy logic controller is proposed to control the speed of a wind turbine system. Initially, aero dynamical, mechanical and electrical models of two mass wind turbines models are derived. Analytical calculation of the power coefficient is adopted through a nonlinear function of six coefficients that mainly depends on pitch angle and tip speed ratio. The ultimate power output from the turbine can reach up to 50 % which is achieved at zero pitch angle with an approximately tip speed ratio of eight. This is then followed by designing a hybrid fuzzy-plus I pitch controller to regulate the speed of the wind turbine shaft. In general, fuzzy logic control strategy have the advantages over traditional control techniques especially when the system is highly non-linear and has to deal with strong disturbances such as wind turbulence. To evaluate the reliability and robustness of the controller, the response of the wind turbine system is tested under several types of disturbances including wind fluctuation, sudden disturbances on high and low speed shafts. Simulation findings reveals that the performance of fuzzy-integral control technique outweighs that of conventional fuzzy approach in terms of multiple performance evaluation indexes such as zero overshoot and steady state error, rise time and a settling time of (32.9 s) (44.7 s) respectively. The reliability and robustness of the controller is tested by applying speed and torque disturbances of 25% of their maximum ranges. Results have revealed that the controller was able to reject all disturbances efficiently with a change in pitch angle up to a maximum of 10 degrees in order to retain a constant rotor speed at 1000 rpm.
The association between the severity of erectile dysfunction and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with and without cardiovascular disease

Purpose Erectile dysfunction (ED) is considered a microvascular disorder and serves as an indicator for the potential development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) reflects early myocardial damage caused by microvascular disorders, the association between ED and LVDD remains poorly elucidated. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 123 patients with ED. They underwent RigiScan, and conventional echocardiography, and attempted International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire. ED severity was evaluated by measuring changes in the penile base circumference and duration of penile rigidity (≥70%) during erection. The early diastolic velocity of mitral inflow (E) and early diastolic velocity of the mitral annulus (e′) were measured using echocardiography. The patients were grouped based on the presence of CVD. Results Among 123 patients, 29 had CVD and 94 did not. Patients with CVD exhibited more pronounced ED and more severe LVDD. Associations between increased penile circumference with echocardiographic parameters were more prominent in patients with CVD than in those without CVD (ΔTtop and e′ wave, r=0.508 and r=0.282, respectively, p for interaction=0.033; ΔTbase and E/e′ ratio, r=-0.338 and r=-0.293, respectively, p for interaction <0.001). In the multivariate linear regression, the increase of penile base circumference was an independent risk factor for LVDD (e′, B=0.503; E/e′ ratio, B=-1.416, respectively, p<0.001). Conclusions ED severity correlated well with LV diastolic dysfunction, particularly in the presence of CVD. This study highlighted the potential role of ED assessment as early indicator of CVD development.
Qualitatively and Quantitatively Different Configurations of Nematic–Nanoparticle Mixtures

We consider the influence of different nanoparticles or micrometre-scale colloidal objects, which we commonly refer to as particles, on liquid crystalline (LC) orientational order in essentially spatially homogeneous particle–LC mixtures. We first illustrate the effects of coupling a single particle with the surrounding nematic molecular field. A particle could either act as a “dilution”, i.e., weakly distorting local effective orientational field, or as a source of strong distortions. In the strong anchoring limit, particles could effectively act as topological point defects, whose topological charge q depends on particle topology. The most common particles exhibit spherical topology and consequently act as q = 1 monopoles. Depending on the particle’s geometry, these effective monopoles could locally induce either point-like or line-like defects in the surrounding LC host so that the total topological charge of the system equals zero. The resulting system’s configuration is topologically equivalent to a crystal-like array of monopole defects with alternating topological charges. Such configurations could be trapped in metastable or stable configurations, where the history of the sample determines a configuration selection.
Least-squares data-to-data migration: An approach for migrating free-surface-related multiples

Free-surface-related multiples can provide extra illumination of the subsurface and thus can be usefully included in migration procedures. However, most multiple migration approaches require separation of primaries and free-surface-related multiples or at least prediction of multiples in advance, which is time consuming and prone to errors. The data-to-data migration (DDM) method migrates free-surface-related multiples by forward and backward propagating the recorded full data (containing primaries and free-surface-related multiples). For DDM, there is no need to predict or separate multiples, but the migration results suffer from the crosstalk generated by crosscorrelations of undesired seismic events, e.g., primaries and second-order free-surface-related multiples. We have developed least-squares DDM (LSDDM) for marine data to eliminate the crosstalk generated by DDM. In each iteration, the forward-propagated primaries and free-surface-related multiples are crosscorrelated with the backward-propagated primary and free-surface-related multiple residuals to form the reflectivity gradient. We use a three-layer model and the Marmousi model for numerical tests. The results validate that LSDDM can provide a migrated image with higher signal-to-noise ratio and more balanced amplitudes than DDM. The LSDDM approach might be valuable for general subsurface imaging for marine seismic data when the migration velocity is accurate, and the acquired data have sufficient recording time.