Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Data-Driven and Model-Based Control Techniques for a Wind Turbine Benchmark Model

Abstract: Wind turbine plants are complex dynamic and uncertain processes driven by stochastic inputs and disturbances, as well as different loads represented by gyroscopic, centrifugal, and gravitational forces. Moreover, as their aerodynamic models are nonlinear, both modelling and control become challenging problems. On one hand, high–fidelity simulators should contain different parameters and variables in order to accurately describe the main dynamic system behaviour. Therefore, the development of modelling and control for wind turbine systems should consider these complexity aspects. On the other hand, these control solutions have to include the main wind turbine dynamic characteristics without becoming too complicated. The main point of this paper is thus to provide two practical examples of development of robust control strategies when applied to a simulated wind turbine plant. Extended simulations with the wind turbine benchhmark model and the Monte–Carlo tool represent the instruments for assessing the robustness and reliability aspects of the developed control methodologies when the model–reality mismatch and measurement errors are also considered. Advantages and drawbacks of these regulation methods are also highlighted with respect to different control strategies via proper performance metrics.
Temporal magnification and reversal of 100 Gb/s optical data with an up‐conversion time microscope

We have developed an up‐conversion time microscope capable of expanding ultrafast optical wave forms to a time scale accessible to ordinary sampling oscilloscopes. In this system, a 100 Gb/s optical word is magnified (slowed down) to a rate of 8.55 Gb/s with a time lens placed between two dispersive delay lines. The time lens is a nonlinear crystal which mixes the dispersed data with a linearly chirped pump pulse thus imparting a linear frequency sweep to the unconverted wave form. A second dispersive delay line completes the arrangement and forms the temporal analog of a single lens spatial imaging system resulting in a time reversed wave form with a magnification M=−11.7.
A generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation: Classical field-theoretic approach

An exact classical field theory, for a recently proposed nonlinear generalization of the Schrödinger equation, is presented. In this generalization, a nonlinearity depending on an index q appears in the kinetic term, such that the free-particle linear Schrödinger equation is recovered in the limit q→1. It is shown that besides the usual , a new field must be introduced, which becomes only when q→1. In analogy to the linear case, is interpreted as the probability density for finding the particle at time t, in a given position inside an arbitrary finite volume V, for any q. The possible physical consequences are discussed, and, in particular, the important property that the fields and do not interact with light.
Management systems impact on soil spatial variability under semi-arid climates conditions

Cropping systems are one of the most important living components affecting the surface soil spatial variability. Composite disturbed and undisturbed soils were collected (inter-sections of the grid system, 50 x 50 m) at 0-20 and 20-40 cm depths under maize ( Zea mays ), wheat ( Triticum aestivum ), and alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) cropping systems from the farmer’s field, in the Igdir Plain, eastern Turkey. Soil spatial variability was based on clay, silt, and sand, calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) and organic matter, the pH, electrical conductivity, bulk density, aggregate stability and penetration resistance of the soil were determined. The data was analysed using both statistical and geostatistical approaches and suggested that the spatial distribution model and spatial dependence level varied significantly within the farm soils. Exponential, Gaussian, and spherical semivariogram models were found to be the best models to explain the spatial structure of the soil properties. Clay and sand, electrical conductivity, soil organic matter, bulk density, aggregate stability, and penetration resistance were found to be significantly different between the soil depths. The soil property ranges of the variogram were between 58.5 and 305.9 m and showed a moderate to strong spatial dependence. The development of spatial distribution maps for the soil variables analysed provided for a comparison to be made between the various soil properties and raises the possibility of understanding heterogeneity within the farm in the form of a regional representation. It may be concluded that these maps will assist in determining site-specific soil use and identifying the impact of soil management.
Aluminum-26 in the early solar system - Fossil or fuel

The isotopic composition of Mg was measured in different phases of a Ca-Al rich inclusion in the Allende meteorite. Large excesses of /sup 26/Mg of up to 10% were found. These excesses correlate strictly with the /sup 27/Al//sup 24/Mg for four coexisting phases with distinctive chemical compositions. Models of in situ decay of /sup 26/Al within the solar system and of mixing of interstellar dust grains containing fossil /sup 26/Al with normal solar system material are presented. The observed correlation provides definitive evidence for the presence of /sup 26/Al in the early solar system. This requires either injection of freshly synthesized nucleosynthetic material into the solar system immediately before condensation and planet formation, or local production within the solar system by intense activity of the early Sun. Planets promptly produced from material with the inferred /sup 26/Al//sup 27/Al would melt within approx.3 x 10/sup 5/ yr.
Impedance Modeling and Stability Analysis of Energy Controlled Modular Multilevel Converter

In recent years, the modular multilevel converter (MMC) has been widely used in high-voltage dc (HVDC) transmission, which, however, brings about various stability issues, such as sub-synchronous oscillation (SSO). To deal with these stability issues, many active and passive damping methods have been proposed. In fact, the MMC itself has more control degrees of freedom compared to the two-level voltage-source converter (VSC), such as internal energy, circulating current, etc., which can be exploited to improve the system stability. Based on the idea, the internal energy of MMC is utilized to suppress the SSOs in this paper. The frequency-coupling impedance model of MMC with energy controller is first developed based on the harmonic state-space (HSS) method by considering the internal dynamics and all control links, which is verified by frequency scanning result in simulation. The stability analysis of the energy controlled MMC-HVDC for wind farm integration is conducted and a modified energy control structure of MMC is also proposed to further improve the stability of the interconnected system.
Inteligencia Artificial para el bienestar y una vida sana en Latinoamérica: Hacia un ecosistema de innovación responsable para la salud digital

En los últimos años se está asistiendo a un rápido progreso de diferentes tecnologías emergentes, entre otras la inteligencia artificial (IA). El impacto de esta tecnología en la sociedad es evidente, sobre todo en la salud, área en la que ha traído importantes beneficios dada la transversalidad de su uso. Salud y bienestar son catalizadores del desarrollo humano de un país y elementos que indican un grado de efectivo desarrollo de una sociedad. Garantizar acceso a salud digna y de calidad para todas las personas es una cuestión que ha estado presente en las políticas públicas y en las agendas de cooperación internacional, pero ha vuelto con mucha más urgencia con la pandemia de SARS-Cov-2. De ahí la necesidad de que los avances tecnológicos se orienten a enfrentar los retos, tanto sociales como medioambientales, con el objetivo de fomentar un desarrollo humano que no deje a nadie atrás.
An improved interpretation of VHF oblique radar echoes by a direct balloon C2n estimation using a horizontal pair of sensors

Successful comparisons between VHF oblique (15°) radar echo profiles and reconstructed ones deduced from high‐resolution temperature balloon measurements were presented by Luce et al. [1996]. The method was based on the evaluation of the three‐dimensional isotropic refractive index spectrum at the Bragg wavelength from the available temperature profiles (“spectral method”). However, the isotropic hypothesis is questionable, especially in regions where temperature sheets [Dalaudier et al., 1994] are observed. Indeed, the associated anisotropic temperature fluctuations should contribute to the one‐dimensional vertical temperature spectrum at small scales. In the present paper, another method, less sensitive to anisotropic contaminations, is used. This method is based on an estimation of the temperature structure constant C2T from variances of horizontal differences of temperature measured by two high‐resolution sensors 1 m apart horizontally (“horizontal variance method”). It is shown that the main differences between the C2T estimations obtained from the two methods are mainly observed at high resolution in stable regions where few turbulent fluctuations in the temperature field are observed. However, the two methods give approximately equivalent results at the radar range resolution (600 m) and the quality of the comparisons with the radar observations is slightly improved with the horizontal variance method. In order to demonstrate the full advantages of this technique, the use of radars with more powerful capabilities is suggested for future investigations.
Is It Possible to Design a 1-Bit Reconfigurable Transmitarray Element With a Single Switch?

With the rapid development of reconfigurable transmitarray antennas (RTAs), a lot of antenna prototypes have been proposed in literatures. It is noticed that all 1-bit RTA elements utilize at least two switches to realize 1-bit transmission phase difference. Hence, a question arises: Is it possible to design a 1-bit reconfigurable transmitarray element with a single switch? In this letter, three-port network theory is employed to prove that a single-switch RTA element CANNOT realize both high transmission efficiency and 1-bit phase tuning ability simultaneously. Furthermore, we also prove that it is impossible to realize a 1-bit reconfigurable reflectarray antenna (RRA) element with polarization conversion that uses only one switch. However, based on two-port network equivalence, a 1-bit RRA element without polarization conversion is possible by using a single switch.
P/Q-ω/V Admittance Modeling and Oscillation Analysis for Multi-VSG Grid-Connected System

Multi-VSG grid-connected system faces the risk of the power, frequency and voltage oscillation that threatens the security and stability of system. This article builds a P/Q-ω/V “admittance” model of multi-VSG grid-connected systems and analyzes the power, frequency and voltage oscillation of the system. The proposed model reveals interaction between different VSGs and depicts the active/reactive power and frequency/voltage response of VSGs under input power reference and grid voltage/frequency disturbances. Besides, based on the model, the stability criterion of the system is obtained. The influence of key parameters on the power coupling and oscillation characteristics is analyzed. Finally, the correctness of the proposed model is validated by the control-hardware-in-loop experiment results.
Emulsion Properties during Microencapsulation of Cannabis Oil Based on Protein and Sucrose Esters as Emulsifiers: Stability and Rheological Behavior

The effects of different emulsifiers, such as soy protein isolate–sucrose ester (SPI-SE) and whey protein isolate–sucrose ester (WPI-SE), on the properties of the emulsion during the microencapsulation of cannabis oil were studied. The influence of SE concentration on the emulsion properties of the two emulsifying systems was analyzed. The results of the adsorption kinetics show that SE can decrease the interfacial tension, particle size and zeta potential of the emulsions. The results of the interfacial protein concentration show that SE could competitively replace the protein at the oil-water interface and change the strength of the interfacial film. The results of the viscoelastic properties show that the emulsion structure of the two emulsion systems results in the maximum value when the concentration of SE is 0.75% (w/v), and the elastic modulus (G’) of the emulsion prepared with SPI-SE is high. The viscosity results show that all emulsions show shear-thinning behavior and the curve fits well with the Ostwald–Dewaele model. The addition of SE in the emulsions of the two emulsion systems can effectively stabilize the emulsion and change the composition and strength of the oil–water interface of the emulsion. The cannabis oil microcapsules prepared with protein-SE as an emulsion system exhibit high quality.
Structural Reanalysis for General Layout Modifications

A procedure for reanalysis of structures subjected to various layout modifications is presented. The procedure is based on exact analysis of the initial design. It is suitable for all types of layout changes, including the general case in which some members and joints are added, other members and joints are deleted, and some joint coordinates are modified. In the particular and challenging case of addition of joints, where the number of degrees of freedom is increased, a simple reanalysis of a modified initial design is first carried out Further changes are then applied to the latter design. It is shown that, for changes in a limited number of members of a truss structure, an exact solution is readily achieved. For changes in numerous members of a general structure, an approximate solution can be efficiently obtained. High-quality approximations are demonstrated for various types of layout modifications.
The energetic basis of the urban heat island

In such a framework the field of urban meteorology may be judged to be at an early stage and to be evolving in a rather unbalanced fashion. The literature of the past 150 years is replete with studies of ’urban effects’ carried out at levels 1 and 2. Usually they are concerned with simple description or statistical analysis based upon empirical evidence from a single city. With the exception of a very few notable studies, attention to the processes (i.e. the causes underlying the observed effects) and to physico-mathematical modelling has been restricted to the past decade. Of course it is not expected, nor indeed may it be desirable, that research in a field should progress in a simple manner through the sequence 1-4, but two important points should be evident. First. as time progresses the bulk of research in a field should move to higher levels of enquiry. Second, the predictive power of processresponse models is limited by the extent to which the processes are understood. Some special difficulties have contributed to this unsatisfactory state of the field including : (1) the inherent complexity of the city-atmosphere system. The atmospheric state is a response to exchanges of energy, mass and momentum covering a wide range of space and time scales; in urban areas the sources and sinks for these exchanges are located in an extremely heterogeneous fashion and involve significant anthropogenic as well as natural factors; (2) the lack of clear conceptual/theoretical frameworks for enquiry especially in the light of the complications placed upon conventional theory by (1) ; (3) the expense and difficulty of observation in cities. Commonly one must deal with conditions within a relatively large volume of air (typically lo2 to lo3 km3) containing significant spatial and temporal variability thereby creating sampling problems. Moreover there are restrictions on the use of observation systems (towers, aircraft, balloons, acoustic radar) not normally encountered in uninhabited terrain. Here we will use the example of the urban ‘heat island’ effect to illustrate the state of urban meteorological research. This will include a condensed review of our understanding
Potencialização pós-ativação: uma revisão integrativa

Introdução: A Potencialização Pós-Ativação (PPA) é um fenômeno que pode ser definido como uma melhora temporária no desempenho muscular através de um prévio aquecimento utilizando exercí­cios de força ou exercí­cios pliométricos. Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisão integrativa é analisar as teorias que suportam a existência da PPA, a fim de avaliar sua existência e sua eficiência como método de treinamento para ganho de potência. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa. Para a busca de artigos foram utilizadas as bases de dados Google acadêmico, Pubmed e Scielo. A busca foi restrita a trabalhos publicados no perí­odo de 2007 a 2014 e foram encontrados 17 artigos que se encaixavam nos critérios de inclusão. Resultados: Ainda há controvérsias em relação í real ocorrência da PPA. No entanto, estudos apontam três fortes teorias de como esse fenômeno aconteceria. Aparentemente, a PPA é um fenômeno ligado ao princí­pio da individualidade biológica e, por enquanto, não há uma explicação exata de como ocorre. Os diferentes protocolos usados nos estudos estão entre as causas dos resultados controversos relatados na literatura. Conclusão: A PPA pode ser classificada como um fenômeno de existência comprovada, mesmo não se sabendo ao certo como este fenômeno acontece.Palavras-chave: Potencialização-Pós-Ativação, força, potência, hipertrofia.
Improvement of preharvest sprouting resistance with MOTHER OF FT AND TFL 1 + mutated ABA 8ʹ-hydroxylase in white-seeded durum wheat

Improvement of preharvest sprouting (PHS) resistance is an important objective in the breeding of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum (Desf.) Husn. ) in Japan, where the harvest timing overlaps with the rainy season. In a previous study, we showed that an R-gene associated with red seed color was the most effective at promoting PHS resistance in durum wheat. However, red-seeded durum wheat is not popular because it discolors pasta. Here, to improve PHS resistance without the R-gene, we introduced a PHS resistance allele of MOTHER OF FT AND TFL 1 (MFT) and a mutated ABA 8ʹ-hydroxylase (ABA8ʹOH1-A), which is involved in abscisic acid (ABA) catabolism, singly or together into white-seeded durum wheat. The introduction of both genes reliably and stably improved PHS resistance under all tested conditions. Modification of ABA catabolism might be an effective way to improve PHS resistance in durum wheat. Our findings will contribute to improved PHS resistance in breeding for white-seeded durum wheat.
Efficient Generative Face Completion with Perceptual Deblurring

: Blurry textures in the inpainted regions or content inconsistencies between the inpainted and known regions may arise with existing deep-learning based completion approaches. A two-stage face completion framework with perceptual deblurring to address these problems is presented. In the first stage, a GAN is employed to inpaint masked regions with coarse facial features by integrating PSNR loss, SSIM loss and adversarial loss. In the second stage, a perceptual deblurring GAN is developed to further refine the coarsely reconstructed facial features in order to achieve clear facial textures and natural content consistencies. The quantitative, qualitative and ablation experiments are performed on the public face dataset CelebAHQ. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to the compared state-of-the-art image completion algorithms on the metrics of PSNR and SSIM
Statistical properties and geoefficiency of interplanetary coronal mass ejections and their sheaths during intense geomagnetic storms

[1] In this paper, we examine and compare the statistical properties of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) and their sheath regions in the near-Earth space, mainly focusing on the distributions of various physical parameters and their geoefficiency. The 53 events studied are a subset of events responsible for intense (Dst ≤ −100 nT) geomagnetic storms during the time period from 1996 to 2005. These events all fall into the single-type category in which each of the geomagnetic storms was caused by a well-isolated single ICME, free of the complexity of the interaction of multiple ICMEs. For both sheaths and ICMEs, we find that the distributions of the magnetic field strength, the solar-wind speed, the density, the proton temperature, the dynamic pressure, the plasma beta, and the Alfven Mach number are approximately lognormal, while those of the Bz component and the Y component of the electric field are approximately Gaussian. On the average, the magnetic field strengths, the Bz components, the speeds, the densities, the proton temperatures, the dynamic pressures, the plasma betas, and the Mach numbers for the sheaths are 15, 80, 4, 60, 70, 62, 67, and 30% higher than the corresponding values for ICMEs, respectively, whereas the Y component of the electric field for the sheaths is almost 1 s of that for ICMEs. The two structures have almost equal energy transfer efficiency and comparable Newell functions, whereas they show statistically meaningful differences in the dayside reconnection rate, according to the Borovsky function.
The potential therapeutic value and application prospect of engineered exosomes in human diseases

Exosomes are tiny vesicles produced by a wide range of cells that contain complex RNA and protein. In the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of illness, they offer great potential. In vitro engineering technique modifies exosomes to produce designed exosomes that include nucleic acids, proteins, and medicines, and are targeted to particular tissues or cells. Their applications range from tumor imaging and gene therapy to vaccine production and regenerative medicine to targeted medication delivery. Many disciplines have promising futures for using this technology. In this review, we’ll look at the potential therapeutic usefulness and use of engineered exosomes in a variety of human illnesses with various systemic manifestations.