Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prenatal Testing – What Is It Good For? A Review and Critique

The goals of prenatal testing remain controversial and reflect competing interests of public health, patient rights, disability activists, scholars, feminist critics, commercial laboratories, judiciary/legislative trends, and medical science. This paper reviews and critiques the most common justifications of prenatal testing for fetal aneuploidy that have been put forth over the half century of its existence: reducing the medical and economic burden to society of genetic disease through selective abortion, allowing parents to avoid raising a child with disabilities, preventing the suffering associated with chromosomal and genetic disorders, emotional reassurance about the health of the baby, and medical and emotional preparation for the birth of a baby with a disability. Each of these goals has problematic aspects, as do some of the criticisms of these goals. The most striking shortcoming of the justifications for prenatal testing is a dearth of research about potential medical, psychological, or adaptational benefits of prenatal testing, especially for aneuploidy, for babies and families, beyond the option of pregnancy termination.
DBDnet: A Deep Boosting Strategy for Image Denoising

In this paper, we propose a new deep network architecture named deep boosting denoising net (DBDnet) for image denoising. It is a residual learning network that can generate a noise map from a noisy observation. In detail, it first generates a coarse noise map via a simple structure, and then updates the noise map gradually via a boosting function. The motivation of our DBDnet stems from the observation that the noise map recovered by any algorithm cannot ideally equal the ground-truth noise map, which typically contains noise. We call this noise NoN, i.e., noise of noise map. Based on this observation, we formulate the denoising as a process of reducing NoN, and the role of DBDnet is to eliminate the NoN from the coarse noise map. In particular, we analyze the process of reducing NoN theoretically, and propose an NoN eliminating module to simulate it accordingly. We evaluate the proposed DBDnet on images polluted by different levels of additive white Gaussian noise and real noise. Experiment results demonstrate that our DBDnet can attain better denoising performance compared with state-of-the-art methods on several kinds of image denoising tasks. In particular, for the Gaussian denoising and real image denoising tasks, the average improvements of the PSNR values brought by our DBDnet are about 0.25 dB and 1.01 dB, respectively. In addition, we find and verify that the deep boosting insight can be easily introduced into the state-of-the-art image denoising network, and promotes its denoising performance. Our code is publicly available at https://github.com/jiayi-ma/DBDNet.
HUBUNGAN LITOLOGI DENGAN KANDUNGAN KIMIAWI AIRTANAH DAERAH KECAMATAN BAYAH, PROVINSI BANTEN

Air merupakan elemen yang sangat penting bagi kehidupan sehari-hari setiap manusia yang termasuk sebagai kebutuhan primer. Kebutuhan yang paling mendasar dalam kehidupan setiap manusia untuk bertahan hidup adalah kebutuhan fisiologis, dimana air termasuk dalam kebutuhan fisiologis setiap manusia Pada penelitian ini air tanah merupakan air yang akan diteliti dan dievaluasi kadar pencemarannya yang biasanya disebabkan oleh curah hujan, air fosil, atau air yang terperangkap di satuan batuan dan terjadi proses infiltrasi yang menyebabkan zat – zat yang terbawa ataupun terlarut oleh airtanah sekitar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Untuk mengetahui kondisi kimiawi dan mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi kondisi air tanah pada Formasi Bayah dan Formasi Aluvium yang berlokasi di Kecamatan Bayah, Provinsi Banten. Metode yang yg dilakukan untuk penelitian ini dimulai dengan melakukan pengukuran muka airtanah setempat serta pengukuran sifat fisik air di lapangan dengan parameter kadar derajat keasaman (pH), total dissolved solids (TDS), Suhu (°C) dan electric conductivity (s/m). , pengambilan sampel airtanah dengan acuan dari SNI6989.58:2008 Air Dan Limbah – Bagian 58:2008. Metode pengambilan contoh airtanah dalam keputusan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup tentang Metode pengambilan contoh airtanah, dan uji laboratorium sampel airtanah dengan Unsur kimia terpilih untuk analisis adalah kandungan besi (Fe), Mangan (Mn), dan Nitrogen (NO₂¯ & NO₃¯) menggunakan parameter Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No.32 Tahun 2017 dengan Metode APHA, AWWA, WEF. Dari hasil analisis kedua formasi yang terdapat pada daerah penelitia bahwa airtanah pada daerah penelitian dipengaruhi oleh batuan yang terdapat pada tiap formasi yang ditandai dengan perbedaan kandungan kimiawi airtanah pada tiap formasi, serta kondisi morfologi and topografi juga mempengaruhi arah aliran yang terdapat pada daerah penelitian.
In Silico Identification of Antifungal Compounds as Mutant DHFRase Inhibitors: Structure-Based Approach, Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Structural Integrity Analysis

Fungal infection of invasive nature is an alarming threat globally and a leading cause of human morbidity and mortality as they are opportunistic in nature. Rising resistance to current clinically approved marketed products for fungal infections is a major concern for humans. Dihydrofolate Reductase (DHFRase) is an essential enzyme in folate metabolic pathway responsible for DNA synthesis and is ubiquitous to all organisms, and also acts as a key target for developing antifungal drugs. In this study, potential mutant DHFRase inhibitors were screened with the help of hierarchical mode of docking of virtual library of antifungal compounds and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. The identification of best hits was done by using the docking, binding energy prediction and further, which was supported by their predicted pharmacokinetics. MD simulation of the human DHFRase enzyme with the reference lead compound i.e. PY957 and most promising hit found i.e. ChemDiv-C390-0455 and to validate the stability of enzyme-ligand complex in best 07 retrieved hit as a potential mutant DHFRase inhibitor. The key residues Glh30, Phe34, Phe64, Phe31 of the binding pocket acknowledged as essential were found to be matching with the key interactions of the selected hit. Computed root mean square deviation (RMSD) and root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) in MD simulation of complex of DHFRase enzyme with PY957 and ChemDiv-C390-0455 were read less than 2.25[Formula: see text]Å during 100 nanoseconds simulation for both complex.
Evaluating Nahoon Beach and Canal Waters
in Eastern Cape, South Africa:
A Public Health Concern

Contamination of water resources by pathogens due to ever increasing anthropogenic activities and the related disease burden remains a major concern of water quality globally. This study evaluated the physicochemical and microbiological quality indices of Nahoon Beach and its canal waters in South Africa over a period of 12 months (September 2014 to August 2015). Water samples were collected bi-weekly from 6 sampling points (3 on the beach and 3 on the canal) and analyzed using standard methods. The physicochemical qualities of the beach and canal waters ranged as follows: turbidity 3.3-99.9 NTU, temperature 15-25oC, pH 7-10, electrical conductivity 30.0–741.7 μS/cm, and total dissolved solids 19-546 mg/l. As for microbial counts of the water samples, Escherichia coli counts ranged in the order of 101-103 CFU/100 ml while Enterococcus counts varied in the order of 101-102 CFU/100 ml. This study underscores the need for the protection of recreational water resources to safeguard public health.
Wind Turbine Multi-Fault Detection based on SCADA Data via an AutoEncoder

Nowadays, wind turbine fault detection strategies are settled as a meaningful pipeline to achieve required levels of efficiency, availability, and reliability, considering there is an increasing installation of this kind of machinery, both in onshore and offshore configuration. In this work, it has been applied a strategy that makes use of SCADA data with an increased sampling rate. The employed wind turbine in this study is based on an advanced benchmark, established by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) of USA. Different types of faults on several actuators and sensed by certain installed sensors have been studied. The proposed strategy is based on a normality model by means of an autoencoder. As of this, faulty data are used for testing from which prediction errors were computed to detect if those raise a fault alert according to a defined metric which establishes a threshold on which a wind turbine works securely. The obtained results determine that the proposed strategy is successful since the model detects the considered three types of faults. Finally, even when prediction errors are small, the model is able to detect the faults without problems.
An overview of Big Data in Healthcare: multiple angle analyses

Big data have been in use since the 1990s, which usually include some complex data sets whose sizes are beyond the ability of commonly used software to handle within a reasonable period of time. In recent years, big data analytics by providing personalized medicine and regulation analysis, providing clinical risk intervention and forecast analysis, reducing waste and nursing patients with external and internal variability, standardization of medical terminology and patient registration, and fragmentation of the solution, help to improve health care. This paper provides an overview of the contents of big data healthcare. We summarize some kinds of medical big data, including the electronic health records, the medical image data, the healthcare system big data, the health Internet of Things and healthcare informatics, the remote medical monitoring big data, the biomedical big data, and other sources of big data. Furthermore, we discuss some methods for handling different kinds of medical big data. Additionally, we analyze the privacy of medical big data and summarize some methods and technologies to protect privacy. Aiming at some special cases, we list some other analyses and methods for them. Most importantly, we discuss the potential challenges and future research directions related to big data healthcare.
Familial follicular cell thyroid carcinomas in a large number of Dutch German longhaired pointers

Abstract Thyroid carcinomas (TCs) originating from follicular cells of the thyroid gland occur in both humans and dogs, and they have highly similar histomorphologic patterns. In dogs, TCs have not been extensively investigated, especially concerning the familial origin of TCs. Here, we report familial thyroid follicular cell carcinomas (FCCs) confirmed by histology in 54 Dutch origin German longhaired pointers. From the pedigree, 45 of 54 histopathologically confirmed cases are closely related to a pair of first‐half cousins in the past, indicating a familial disease. In addition, genetics contributed more to the thyroid FCC than other factors by an estimated heritability of 0.62 based on pedigree. The age of diagnosis ranged between 4.5 and 13.5 years, and 76% of cases were diagnosed before 10 years of age, implying an early onset of disease. We observed a significant higher pedigree‐based inbreeding coefficient in the affected dogs (mean F, 0.23) compared to unaffected dogs (mean F, 0.14), suggesting the contribution of inbreeding to tumour development. The unique occurrence of familial thyroid FCC in this dog population and the large number of affected dogs make this population an important model to identify the genetic basis of familial thyroid FCC in this breed and may contribute to the research into pathogenesis, prevention and treatment in humans.
Evaluation of singlet oxygen luminescence of a novel chlorin photosensitizer

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) utilizes the combined action of photosensitizer, light and molecular oxygen to generate singlet oxygen to treat various diseases. Photosensitizer is a key component and its optical properties and singlet oxygen quantum yield determine the effectiveness of its photodynamic reaction. This study evaluated the singlet oxygen production of a novel water solubility chlorin photosensitizer - namely YLG-I, which was developed in China. The absorption spectra and singlet oxygen luminescence different solvents were evaluated. It was estimated that the singlet oxygen quantum yield of the new photosensitizer YLG-I was at the same level of the potent chlorin sensitizer mTHPC. Preliminary evaluation suggested that YLG-I was a promising photosensitizer for PDT. This presentation will report the detection of singlet oxygen luminescence of the newly developed PDT sensitizer.
Hard and soft plastic resin embedding for single‐cell element uptake investigations of marine‐snow‐associated microorganisms using nano‐scale secondary ion mass spectrometry

Marine snow aggregates are microhabitats for diverse microbial communities with various active metabolic pathways. Rapid recycling and symbiotic transfer of nutrients within aggregates poses a significant challenge for accurately assessing aggregate‐associated turnover rates. Although single‐cell uptake measurements are well‐established for free‐living microorganisms, suitable methods for cells embedded in marine snow are currently lacking. Comparable cell‐specific measurements within sinking pelagic aggregates would have the potential to address core questions regarding aggregate‐associated fluxes. However, the capacity to perform microscale studies is limited by the difficulty of sampling and preserving the fragile aggregate structure. Furthermore, the application of nano‐scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) to aggregates is complicated by technical requirements related to vacuum and ablation resistance. Here, we present a NanoSIMS‐optimized method for fixation, embedding, and sectioning of marine snow. Stable isotope labeling of laboratory‐generated aggregates enabled visualization of label incorporation into prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells embedded in the aggregate structure. The current method is also amenable to various staining procedures, including transparent exopolymer particles, Coomassie stainable particles, nucleic acids, and eukaryotic cytoplasm. We demonstrate the potential for using structural stains to generate three‐dimensional (3D) models of marine snow and present a simplified calculation of porosity and fractal dimension. This multipurpose method enables combined investigations of 3D aggregate structure, spatial microbial distribution, and single‐cell activity within individual aggregates and provides new possibilities for future studies on microbial interactions and elemental uptake within marine snow.
High Energy Density Material (HEDM) ‐ Progress in Research Azine Energetic Compounds

In recent years, the application of high-nitrogen containing azine energy materials has been one of the hot spots in the field of energy materials in China and elsewhere. This paper reviews domestic and foreign studies into high-nitrogen azine energetic materials. The synthetic methods, structural and theoretical analysis, physical and chemical properties, sensitivity properties, thermal properties and detonation properties of some typical pyrazine energetic compounds are summarised, including: 2,6-diamino-3,5dinitropyrazine-1-oxide (LLM-105) of diazines, 4,4′,6,6′-tetra(azido)azo-1,3,5-triazine (TAAT) of triazines, 3,6-dihydrazino-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (DHT), 3,6-bis(1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazol-5-yl-amino)-1,2,4,5tetrazine (BTATz) and 3,3′-azobis(6-amino-1,2,4,5tetrazine) (DAAT) of tetrazine and their respective applications and potential value are described. The results of published studies reviewed here show that the application of azine energetic compounds in propellants can effectively improve the burning rate and reduce the characteristic signal; the application of azine energetic compounds in mixed explosives can reduce the sensitivity and improve the detonation performance; the application of azine energetic compounds in gas generators can reduce the combustion temperature and increase the gas content. Therefore, this class of compounds has a broad application prospect in energetic materials.
Research on Visual Measurement for Levitation Gap in Maglev System

The measurement for levitation gap is a very important part of levitation control system. The traditional levitation gap sensors have some shortcomings such as small measurement range and specific installation requirements, and usually need nonlinear correction and temperature compensation to meet the control requirements of the magnetic levitation system. In our work, two novel measurement methods for levitation gap based on computer vision are proposed. First, the levitation gap is measured by calculating the image pixel area of the region of interest. The error of the pixel area model can be limited within ±0.250 mm, and the mean absolute error (MAE) is 0.095 mm for full scale (FS). Second, the model named SelfConvNet based on convolutional neural network is designed for measuring the levitation gap. The error of SelfConvNet model can be limited within ±0.048 mm, and the MAE is 0.013 mm for FS. The measurement results show that the SelfConvNet model is better than SqueezeNet and Visual Geometry Group 16 models, which has high measurement accuracy and strong anti-interference ability. The method based on pixel area has lower measurement accuracy but higher processing speed. Finally, the proposed gap measurement methods have been verified in closed-loop experiment of maglev ball control system.
Effect of Partial Replacement of Corn with Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) Flour on Growth Performance and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens

Purpose: There is a need to explore the use of non-conventional, locally available and cheap energy-rich ingredients to substitute corn in broiler diets as it is used mainly for human consumption in developing countries. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of partial substitution of corn with breadfruit flour (BFF) in broiler diets on growth performances and meat quality in broiler chickens. Research Method: One hundred and eighty day-old straight-run “Cobb 500” broiler chicks (45.92 ± 0.43 g) were randomly allocated into one of three dietary treatments (Corn based basal diet with no BFF [Control], Corn-substituted basal diet with 5% BFF [BFF5], and Corn-substituted basal diet with 10% BFF [BFF10]) with six replications and 10 birds per replicate. Growth parameters including body weights, average daily gain, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and organ weights and meat quality parameters were determined. Findings: The broilers fed BFF10 significantly (P Originality/value: Breadfruit flour would be a suitable non-conventional energy feed source to partly substitute corn in broiler diets up to 10% with improved growth performance and meat quality in broiler chickens.
Development of a novel graphene oxide-blended polysulfone mixed matrix membrane with improved hydrophilicity and evaluation of nitrate removal from aqueous solutions

Abstract In this study, four types of mixed matrix membranes were fabricated using polysulfone (as the base polymer) and different contents of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets (as modifier) through wet phase inversion method. Based on the amounts of GO (0, 0.5, 1, and 2 wt%), the synthesized membranes named as M1, M2, M3, and M4, respectively. The membranes characteristics were evaluated using FE-SEM, FT-IR, and water contact angle measurements. In addition, the performance of the prepared membranes was investigated in terms of basic parameters: filtrate water flux, nitrate removal efficiency, and antifouling properties. Results showed significant improvements of the characteristics of modified membranes with GO. Accordingly, the permeability and hydrophilicity were enhanced and water flux was considerably improved. At operating pressure of 4 bar and nitrate concentration of 110 mg/L, the removal efficiency for unmodified membrane (M1) was 15.5% and for modified M2, M3, and M4 membranes were 22.78%, 39.12%, and 41.37%, respectively. In addition, the results of flux recovery ratio (FRR) showed that the anti-fouling properties of the GO modified membranes were improved due to the increase in membrane surface hydrophilicity.
Vom kardiologischen Notfall bis zur Herzoperation – ein Fallbericht

Eine Frau klagt über zunehmende Luftnot. Doch warum? Es kommt zu einem kardiogenen Schock mit Mehrorganversagen. Als die medikamentöse Behandlung nicht ausreicht, wird ein Kreislaufersatzverfahren eingesetzt. Leider erholt sich die Herzschwäche, auch nachdem die Ursache gefunden ist, nicht. Daher wird der Frau ein dauerhaftes Linksherzunterstützungssystem implantiert. Bis zur Entlassung ist es ein langer Weg auf der Intensivstation.
A novel bilayer drug-loaded wound dressing of PVDF and PHB/Chitosan nanofibers applicable for post-surgical ulcers

Abstract A novel bilayer nanofibrous wound dressing, with enhanced mechanical properties is successfully fabricated. This membrane, consisted of polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) nanofibers for providing tensile strength and polyhydroxybutyrate/chitosan (PHB/CTS) nanofibers loaded with gentamicin with ability of controlled drug delivery, is a great choice for post-surgical ulcers. Mechanical properties showed dramatically improvement of tensile strength by addition of PVDF layer. Gentamycin release represented both an immediate and a sustained release of about 24 h and 1 week, respectively and release increment with increase of CTS ratio. Results also revealed that drug release in structures follow first order kinetic and Fickian release mechanism. Graphical Abstract
Ethics and Efficiency of Communication during COVID-19 Pandemic; Role of Public Administration Digitalization

In the age of technology, communication seems to be much easier for public institutions. Citizens' access to the necessary information is much easier, by accessing official websites or by e-mail. The pandemic has limited people's access to interaction with public institutions, which has increased the need to use online digital tools. Thus, the process of digitalization and the process of modernization of the public administration were hastened. This has led to the emergence of new types of social behaviours that have had negative effects on the use of digital tools by public entities. Until now, several approaches to public administration ethics have existed, and they have mostly centered on the civil servant's behaviour in his interaction with citizens and his respect for the workplace. As the online environment has become a necessity for public services in the digital age, ethics in the public system meets new challenges. Today, there is a need for a modernized digital system for civil servants to use. It should facilitate applicants' access to information and protect the confidentiality of certain information in an ethical and professional manner for all parties involved, in order to reduce misinformation. Misinformation in a pandemic can have serious consequences: it can lead to ignoring official health advice and risky behaviour, or it can have a negative impact on our democratic institutions and societies, as well as on the economic and financial situation. Therefore, there is a need for new protection measures, that can protect people, not only for medical safety in a public institution, but for ethic means in the online environment.