Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel-enhanced metaheuristic algorithm for FOPID-controlled and Bode’s ideal transfer function–based buck converter system

The search for a better approach to design a convenient controlling scheme is one of the main challenges of the research field related to power converters. This paper brings forward a significant contribution as part of this challenge. In this regard, novel approaches have been proposed for both controller scheme and tuning algorithm. In terms of controlling scheme, a fractional-order proportional–integral–derivative (FOPID) controller was used alongside the Bode’s ideal transfer function to achieve optimum performance of a buck converter system. To achieve a greater performance of the FOPID controller, a novel metaheuristic algorithm, which consists of a balanced structure in terms of explorative and exploitative phases, has also been developed by hybridizing the hunger games search algorithm with simulated annealing technique. The proposed hybrid algorithm helped tuning the FOPID controller optimally. The proposed algorithm and controlling scheme have been proved to be a better approach for controlling a buck converter system in terms of time and frequency domains along with disturbance rejection. To further verify the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid algorithm–based controlling scheme, it was compared with other reported and capable approaches which have also confirmed the greater performance of the proposed approach.
Wall-parallel stereo particle-image velocimetry measurements in the roughness sublayer of turbulent flow overlying highly irregular roughness

Stereo particle-image velocimetry measurements were conducted in a streamwise–spanwise (x − z) plane deep within the roughness sublayer (y = 0.047δ; δ is the boundary-layer thickness) of a zero-pressure-gradient turbulent boundary layer overlying highly irregular surface roughness replicated from a turbine blade damaged by foreign-material deposition. The ensemble-averaged streamwise velocity defect revealed the tendency of the roughness to promote channeling of the flow in the form of low-momentum pathways (LMPs) and high-momentum pathways. Enhanced turbulent and vortical activity was observed both between and along the spanwise boundaries of these streamwise-elongated pathways. In particular, streamwise pathways of wall-normal vortex cores of opposing rotational sense were observed along the spanwise boundaries of the identified LMP in the rough-wall flow. Conditional averaging revealed that these counter-rotating vortical motions are associated with streamwise flow against the mean-flow direction and c.
A network-based analysis to assess COVID-19 disruptions in the Bogotá BRT system

The global COVID-19 crisis has severely affected mass transit in the cities of the global south. Fear of widespread propagation in public spaces and the dramatic decrease in human mobility due to lockdowns have resulted in a significant reduction of public transport options. We analyze the case of TransMilenio in Bogotá, a massive Bus Rapid Transit system that is the main mode of transport for an urban area of roughly 10 million inhabitants. Concerns over social distancing and new health regulations reduced the number of trips to under 20% of its historical values during extended periods of time during the lockdowns. This has sparked a renewed interest in developing innovative data-driven responses to COVID-19 resulting in large corpora of TransMilenio data being made available to the public. In this paper we use a database updated daily with individual passenger card swipe validation microdata including entry time, entry station, and a hash of the card’s ID. The opportunity of having daily detailed minute-to-minute ridership information and the challenge of extracting useful insights from the massive amount of raw data (∼1,000,000 daily records) require the development of tailored data analysis approaches. Our objective is to use the natural representation of urban mobility offered by networks to make pairwise quantitative similarity measurements between daily commuting patterns and then use clustering techniques to reveal behavioral disruptions as well as the most affected geographical areas due to the different pandemic stages. This method proved to be efficient for the analysis of large amount of data and may be used in the future to make temporal analysis of similarly large datasets in urban contexts.
Sacral injury and influencing factors after ultrasonic ablation of uterine fibroids ≤30 mm from the sacrum

PURPOSE To study sacral injuries and influencing factors after ultrasonic ablation of uterine fibroids no more than 30 mm from the sacrum. METHODS A total of 406 patients with uterine fibroids who underwent percutaneous ultrasound ablation were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans before and after high-intensity focused ultrasound. The abnormal signal intensity (low signal intensity on T1WI and high signal intensity on T2WI) on the postoperative MRIs was indicative of a sacral injury. The patients were divided into a sacrum injury group and a sacrum non-injury group. The relationship between fibroid characteristics, ultrasound ablation parameters, and injury was analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS There were 139 cases of sacral injury (34.24%). When the distance from the fibroid’s dorsal side to the sacrum was 0–10 mm, the risk assessment showed that the danger of sacral injury increased by 1.85 times and 3.03 times compared with that at a distance of 11–20 or 21–30 mm. Furthermore, the risk of sacral injury increased by 1.89 times and 3.23 times when the therapeutic dose (TD) of a fibroid was >500 KJ compared with that of a fibroid with TD= 250–500 KJ and <250 KJ. CONCLUSION A distance of 10 mm or less and a TD of >500 KJ were significantly correlated with sacral injury. The distance from the fibroid’s dorsal side to the sacrum and the TD were the main causes of injury to the sacrum. A distance of 10 mm or less and a TD of >500 KJ carried higher injury risks, while a distance of 21–30 mm and a TD of <250 KJ were the most appropriate circumstances to reduce the risk of sacral injury.
Antibacterial Activity of Ebselen

Ebselen is a low-molecular-weight organoselenium compound that has been broadly studied for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective properties. These advantageous properties were initially associated with mimicking the activity of selenoprotein glutathione peroxidase, but the biomedical impact of this compound appear to be far more complex. Ebselen serves as a substrate or inhibitor with multiple protein/enzyme targets, whereas inhibition typically originates from the covalent modification of cysteine residues by opening the benzisoselenazolone ring and S–Se bond formation. The inhibition of enzymes of various classes and origins has been associated with substantial antimicrobial potential among other activities. In this contribution, we summarize the current state of the art regarding the antibacterial activity of ebselen. This activity, alone and in combination with commercial pharmaceuticals, against pathogens, including those resistant to drugs, is presented, together with the molecular mechanism behind the reactivity. The specific inactivation of thioredoxin reductase, bacterial toxins, and other resistance factors is considered to have certain therapeutic implications. Synergistic action and sensitization to common antibiotics assisted with the use of ebselen appear to be promising directions in the treatment of persistent infections.
Feasibility study of laser-driven neutron sources for pharmaceutical applications

Abstract We predict the production yield of a medical radioisotope ${}^{67}$ Cu using ${}^{67}$ Zn(n, p) ${}^{67}$ Cu and ${}^{68}$ Zn(n, pn) ${}^{67}$ Cu reactions with fast neutrons provided from laser-driven neutron sources. The neutrons were generated by the p+ ${}^9\mathrm{Be}$ and d+ ${}^9$ Be reactions with high-energy ions accelerated by laser–plasma interaction. We evaluated the yield to be (3.3 $\pm$ 0.5) $\times$ 10 ${}^5$ atoms for ${}^{67}$ Cu, corresponding to a radioactivity of 1.0 $\pm$ 0.2 Bq, for a Zn foil sample with a single laser shot. Using a simulation with this result, we estimated ${}^{67}$ Cu production with a high-frequency laser. The result suggests that it is possible to generate ${}^{67}$ Cu with a radioactivity of 270 MBq using a future laser system with a frequency of 10 Hz and 10,000-s radiation in a hospital.
Geek Cuisine: Extending the Narrative of a Junk Food Gamer

In this article, we argue that the pervading hegemonic narrative on gamers’ eating culture emphasizing hedonistic and fast foods is a one-sided storyline that highlights a potentially harmful gamer stereotype. To that end, we reveal the variety of gamers’ food consumption and broaden the narrative depicting the relationship between gamers and eating. Our literature review shows the dominance of the Junk Food Gamer narrative in extant research. However, by using a social constructionist narrative approach to analyze ethnographic observations and interviews, we show the emergence of an alternative, yet interrelated narrative: the Home Food Gamer. In addition, we utilize the idea of the Rubik's Cube to illustrate the actualization of multifaceted and contextually-bound gamer narratives that enable expanding the prevailing understanding of geek cuisine by shedding light on the variety of gamers’ food consumption. In this way, we participate in the ongoing discussion to unravel stereotypical assumptions about gamer culture.
Repeated games with lack of information on one side

We introduce the dual differential game of a repeated game with lack of information on one side as the natural continuous time version of the dual game introduced by De Meyer (1996). A traditional way to study the value of differential games is through discrete time approximations. Here, we follow the opposite approach: We identify the limit value of a repeated game in discrete time as the value of a differential game. Namely, we use the recursive structure for the finitely repeated version of the dual game to construct a differential game for which the upper values of the uniform discretization satisfy precisely the same property.The value of the dual differential game exists and is the unique viscosity solution of a first-order derivative equation (which appears implicitely in De Meyer and Rosenberg 1999) with a limit condition. We identify the solution by translating viscosity properties in the primal.
The deformation of steep surface waves on water - I. A numerical method of computation

Plunging breakers are beyond the reach of all known analytical approximations. Previous numerical computations have succeeded only in integrating the equations of motion up to the instant when the surface becomes vertical. In this paper we present a new method for following the time-history of space-periodic irrotational surface waves. The only independent variables are the coordinates and velocity potential of marked particles at the free surface. At each time-step an integral equation is solved for the new normal component of velocity. The method is faster and more accurate than previous methods based on a two dimensional grid. It has also the advantage that the marked particles become concentrated near regions of sharp curvature. Viscosity and surface tension are both neglected. The method is tested on a free, steady wave of finite amplitude, and is found to give excellent agreement with independent calculations based on Stokes’s series. It is then applied to unsteady waves, produced by initially applying an asymmetric distribution of pressure to a symmetric, progressive wave. The freely running wave then steepens and overturns. It is demonstrated that the surface remains rounded till well after the overturning takes place.
Comparative Evaluation of Reproducibility of Phage-Displayed Peptide Selections and NGS Data, through High-Fidelity Mapping of Massive Peptide Repertoires

Phage-displayed peptide selections generate complex repertoires of several hundred thousand peptides as revealed by next-generation sequencing (NGS). In repeated peptide selections, however, even in identical experimental in vitro conditions, only a very small number of common peptides are found. The repertoire complexities are evidence of the difficulty of distinguishing between effective selections of specific peptide binders to exposed targets and the potential high background noise. Such investigation is even more relevant when considering the plethora of in vivo expressed targets on cells, in organs or in the entire organism to define targeting peptide agents. In the present study, we compare the published NGS data of three peptide repertoires that were obtained by phage display under identical experimental in vitro conditions. By applying the recently developed tool PepSimili we evaluate the calculated similarities of the individual peptides from each of these three repertoires and perform their mappings on the human proteome. The peptide-to-peptide mappings reveal high similarities among the three repertoires, confirming the desired reproducibility of phage-displayed peptide selections.
Distributed Intermittent Fault Diagnosis in Wireless Sensor Network Using Likelihood Ratio Test

In current days, sensor nodes are deployed in hostile environments for various military and commercial applications. Sensor nodes are becoming faulty and having adverse effects in the network if they are not diagnosed and inform the fault status to other nodes. Fault diagnosis is difficult when the nodes behave faulty some times and provide good data at other times. The intermittent disturbances may be random or kind of spikes either in regular or irregular intervals. In literature, the fault diagnosis algorithms are based on statistical methods using repeated testing or machine learning. To avoid more complex and time consuming repeated test processes and computationally complex machine learning methods, we proposed a one shot likelihood ratio test (LRT) here to determine the fault status of the sensor node. The proposed method measures the statistics of the received data over a certain period of time and then compares the likelihood ratio with the threshold value associated with a certain tolerance limit. The simulation results using a real time data set shows that the new method provides better detection accuracy (DA) with minimum false positive rate (FPR) and false alarm rate (FAR) over the modified three sigma test. LRT based hybrid fault diagnosis method detecting the fault status of a sensor node in wireless sensor network (WSN) for real time measured data with 100% DA, 0% FAR and 0% FPR if the probability of the data from faulty node exceeds 25%.
A century of numerical weather prediction: The view from Limerick

• Born in March, 1862. • Matriculated in 1880. • Fritjøf Nansen was a fellow-student. • Paris, 1989–90. Studied under Poincaré. • Bonn, 1890–92. Worked with Heinrich Hertz. Vilhelm Bjerknes • Worked in Stockholm, 1983–1907. • 1898: Circulation theorems published • 1904: Meteorological Manifesto • Christiania (Oslo), 1907–1912. • Leipzig, 1913–1917. • Bergen, 1917–1926. • 1919: Frontal Cyclone Model. • Oslo, 1926 — 1951. Retired 1937. Died, April 9,1951.
Reynolds stress description of opposed and impinging turbulent jets. Part I: Closely spaced opposed jets

The flow arising from two, closely spaced turbulent jets flowing counter to one another is analyzed for both two‐dimensional and axisymmetric configurations. By closely spaced it is indicated that the diameter of the jets is large compared to their separation distance. Two parameters, one a measure of the integral scale of the turbulence compared with half the separation distance of the jets, and a second, a measure of the intensity of the turbulence issuing from the jets, are assumed small and form the basis of an asymptotic analysis. As a consequence, the mean velocity components are given by the mean Euler equations, except in a thin layer that is centered about the plane containing either the stagnation line or point and within which discontinuities in the flow from each jet are adjusted. Thus, outside of this layer, the turbulence characteristics in a known mean velocity field are determined, in the present study, in terms of a Reynolds stress description. The rate of strain field associated with the.
Structural features of plastic deformation in bulk metallic glasses

Spatially resolved strain maps of a plastically deformed bulk metallic glass (BMG) have been created by using high-energy X-ray diffraction. The results reveal that plastic deformation creates a spatially heterogeneous atomic arrangement, consisting of strong compressive and tensile strain fields. In addition, significant shear strain is introduced in the samples. The analysis of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the strain tensor indicates that considerable structural anisotropy occurs in both the magnitude and direction of the strain. These features are in contrast to the behavior observed in elastically deformed BMGs and represent a distinctive structural sign of plastic deformation in metallic glasses.
A nondestructive technique for determining thermal properties of thermal barrier coatings

A nondestructive technique for determining thermal properties of thermal barrier coatings is developed. Harmonic heating of the film is established using a laser, while the phase of thermal emission is interrogated from the front surface as a function of laser frequency. The thermal emission phase is related to four film properties: the thru-plane thermal diffusivity, the effusivity contrast between the film and substrate, the optical penetration depth of the laser, and the optical thickness of the film relative to the substrate emissivity at the detector wavelength. From these measurements both the thermal conductivity and volumetric specific heat of the film may be determined. Analysis is illustrated with a set of measurements performed on an electron beam physical vapor deposition coating. Uncertainty associated with fitting multiple film parameters using nonlinear regression is studied.
The Partial-Inverse Approach to Linearized Polynomials and Gabidulin Codes With Applications to Network Coding

This paper introduces the partial-inverse problem for linearized polynomials and develops its application to decoding Gabidulin codes and lifted Gabidulin codes in linear random network coding. The proposed approach is a natural generalization of its counterpart for ordinary polynomials, thus providing a unified perspective on Reed–Solomon codes for the Hamming metric and for the rank metric. The basic algorithm for solving the partial-inverse problem is a common parent algorithm of a Berlekamp–Massey algorithm, a Euclidean algorithm, and yet another algorithm, all of which are obtained as easy variations of the basic algorithm. Decoding Gabidulin codes can be reduced to the partial-inverse problem via a key equation with a new converse. This paper also develops new algorithms for interpolating crisscross erasures and for joint decoding of errors, erasures, and deviations in random network coding.
APPROXIMATIONS TO FINITE SAMPLE MOMENTS OF ESTIMATORS WHOSE EXACT SAMPLING DISTRIBUTIONS ARE UNKNOWN

The exact sampling distributions of estimators of structural parameters of econometric models are unknown except for a few simple cases. In this situation two alternative approaches towards evaluating finite sample properties of various estimators have been adopted in the literature: (i) Monte Carlo experiments, and (ii) the approach pioneered by Nagar and his students in which the sampling error of an estimator is expressed as the sum of an infinite series of random variables, successive terms of which are of decreasing order of sample size in probability. It is claimed that the small sample properties of the estimator under consideration can be approximated by those of the first few terms of such an infinite series. This paper shows through examples that the Nagar approach can be misleading in the sense that it can yield an estimate for finite sample bias that differs from the true finite sample bias to the same order of sample size. And it can yield estimates of bias which are finite (infinite) while the true bias is infinite (finite). The paper also draws attention to some of the pitfalls to be avoided in studying the properties of an infinite sequence of random variables.
Design and implementation of a novel inertia flywheel pendulum mechatronic kit

The inertia flywheel pendulum exhibits several characteristics, such as underactuation and nonlinearity, that make it attractive for research and advanced control education. The main goal of this paper is to develop a novel mechatronic kit with a control methodology for an inertia flywheel pendulum. The mechatronic kit has a motor and flywheel mounted at the top of the body. It is a physical pendulum with a symmetric wheel attached to the end, which is free to spin around an axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the pendulum. The flywheel is actuated by a direct current motor and the coupling torque generated by angular acceleration of a wheel disk is used to dynamically control the system. The hybrid control strategy for stabilization of the inertia flywheel pendulum is presented and examined. The control aim is achieved by the solution of the following two particular control problems: swinging the pendulum up to a certain neighborhood of the inverted position and balancing it in this position. The energy control was designed for swing-up of the inverted pendulum. The genetic algorithm proportional-integral-derivative controller was implemented for balancing the inverted pendulum. The proposed hybrid control methodology has successfully performed stabilization control, even when unexpected loading conditions occur. Consequently, the novel flywheel pendulum system is ideally suited for advanced control courses for educating university students.
A knowledge-based approach to dead-time estimation for process control

In this paper, we present a knowledge-based approach to dead-time estimation suitable for process control systems. The approach is based on the use of relay feedback, and a self-contained module for dead-time estimation is developed which is based on suitable heuristics derived and analysed in the paper. Knowledge-based techniques are adopted and this development forms a module of a larger project for development of an intelligent process control system. The paper also includes the results of real-time experiments to estimate the dead-time of a pilot scale coupled-tanks system.
The 116 reducts of (ℚ, <, a)

Abstract This article aims to classify those reducts of expansions of (ℚ, <) by unary predicates which eliminate quantifiers, and in particular to show that, up to interdefinability, there are only finitely many for a given language. Equivalently, we wish to classify the closed subgroups of Sym(ℚ) containing the group of all automorphisms of (ℚ, <) fixing setwise certain subsets. This goal is achieved for expansions by convex predicates, yielding expansions by constants as a special case, and for the expansion by a dense, co-dense predicate. Partial results are obtained in the general setting of several dense predicates.