Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Title: Comparative transcriptome profiling of the human and mouse dorsal root ganglia: An RNA-seq-based resource for pain and sensory neuroscience research comparative

Our uncovered Abstract Molecular neurobiological insight into human nervous tissues is needed to generate next generation therapeutics for neurological disorders like chronic pain. We obtained human Dorsal Root Ganglia (DRG) samples from organ donors and performed RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) to study the human DRG (hDRG) transcriptional landscape, systematically comparing it with publicly available data from a variety of human and orthologous mouse tissues, including mouse DRG (mDRG). We characterized the hDRG transcriptional profile in terms of tissue-restricted gene co-expression patterns and putative transcriptional regulators, and formulated an information-theoretic framework to quantify DRG enrichment. Our analyses reveal an hDRG-enriched protein-coding gene set (~140), some of which have not been described in the context of DRG or pain signaling. A majority of these show conserved enrichment in mDRG, and were mined for known drug - gene product interactions. Comparison of hDRG and tibial nerve transcriptomes suggest pervasive mRNA transport of sensory neuronal genes to axons in adult hDRG, with potential implications for mechanistic insight into chronic pain in patients. Relevant gene families and pathways were also analyzed, including transcription factors (TFs), g-protein coupled receptors (GCPRs) and ion channels. We present our work as an online, searchable repository (http://www.utdallas.edu/bbs/painneurosciencelab/DRGtranscriptome), creating a valuable resource for the community. Our analyses provide insight into DRG biology for guiding development of novel therapeutics, and a blueprint for cross-species transcriptomic analyses. with the human TG, reiterating the overall similarity of the two tissues. Interestingly, we found that approximately 70% (8,666 / 12,422) of the DRG-expressed probesets show co-expression in either the NHSC or fibroblast dataset or both. The remaining 30% of the DRG-expressed probesets were putatively due to expression restricted to sensory neurons or SGCs and included nociceptor-enriched channels like SCN10A and SCN11A [107 ], and nociceptor-enriched transcription factors like PRDM12 [12] which are well characterized in mammalian DRGs. Our analysis indicates that cDNA libraries constructed from whole hDRGs have a strong non-neuronal component.
Survivable Network Systems : fin Emerging Discipline

Society is growing increasingly dependent upon large-scale, highly distributed systems that operate in unbounded network environments. Unbounded networks, such as the Internet, have no central administrative control and no unified security policy. Furthermore, the number and nature of the nodes connected to such networks cannot be fully known. Despite the best efforts of security practitioners, no amount of system hardening can assure that a system that is connected to an unbounded network will be invulnerable to attack. The discipline of survivability can help ensure that such systems can deliver essential services and maintain essential properties such as integrity, confidentiality, and performance, despite the presence of intrusions. Unlike the traditional security measures that require central control or administration, survivability is intended to address unbounded network environments. This report describes the survivability approach to helping assure that a system that must operate in an unbounded network is robust in the presence of attack and will survive attacks that result in successful intrusions. Included are discussions of survivability as an integrated engineering framework, the current state of survivability practice, the specification of survivability requirements, strategies for achieving survivability, and techniques and processes for analyzing survivability. 1. Survivability in Network Systems Contemporary large-scale networked systems that are highly distributed improve the efficiency and effectiveness of organizations by permitting whole new levels of organizational integration. However, such integration is accompanied by elevated risks of intrusion and compromise. These risks can be mitigated by incorporating survivability capabilities into an organization's systems. As an emerging discipline, survivability builds on related fields of study (e.g., security, fault tolerance, safety, reliability, reuse, performance, verification, and testing) and introduces new concepts and principles. Survivability focuses on preserving essential services in unbounded environments, even when systems in such environments are penetrated and compromised [Anderson 97].
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Targeted Neoantigen Peptide Vaccination for the Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Glioblastoma

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays crucial roles in several important biological functions such as embryogenesis, epithelial tissue development, and cellular regeneration. However, in multiple solid tumor types overexpression and/or activating mutations of the EGFR gene frequently occur, thus hijacking the EGFR signaling pathway to promote tumorigenesis. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors in particular often contain prevalent and shared EGFR mutations that provide an ideal source for public neoantigens (NeoAg). Studies in both humans and animal models have confirmed the immunogenicity of some of these NeoAg peptides, suggesting that they may constitute viable targets for cancer immunotherapies. Peptide vaccines targeting mutated EGFR have been tested in multiple clinical trials, demonstrating an excellent safety profile and encouraging clinical efficacy. For example, the CDX-110 (rindopepimut) NeoAg peptide vaccine derived from the EGFRvIII deletion mutant in combination with temozolomide and radiotherapy has shown efficacy in treating EGFRvIII-harboring glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients undergone surgery in multiple Phase I and II clinical trials. Furthermore, pilot clinical trials that have administered personalized NeoAg peptides for treating advanced-stage NSCLC patients have shown this approach to be a feasible and safe method to increase antitumor immune responses. Amongst the vaccine peptides administered, EGFR mutation-targeting NeoAgs induced the strongest T cell-mediated immune responses in patients and were also associated with objective clinical responses, implying a promising future for NeoAg peptide vaccines for treating NSCLC patients with selected EGFR mutations. The efficacy of NeoAg-targeting peptide vaccines may be further improved by combining with other modalities such as tyrosine kinase or immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy, which are currently being tested in animal models and clinical trials. Herein, we review the most current basic and clinical research progress on EGFR-targeted peptide vaccination for the treatment of NSCLC and other solid tumor types.
Geobiology: Evidence for Early Life on Earth and the Search for Life on Other Planets

Extensive research efforts in the subdisciplinary field of geobi ology have focused on the interactions between Earth and life through time. As a consequence, gaps in our knowledge of Earth’s history are closing, and the search for life beyond Earth is expanding. A few examples of geobiology studies designed to advance our understanding of life on early Earth and to improve the chances of finding life on other planets are provided to highlight recent developments and research areas that are on the verge of new discoveries.
Suspended sediment forecasting by artificial neural networks using hydro meteorological data

Estimates of sediment yield are required in a wide spectrum of water resources engineering problems. The non-linear nature of suspended sediment time series necessitates the utilization of non-linear methods for the forecasting study. In this study artificial neural networks, a well known non-linear method, are employed to forecast the daily total suspended sediment amount on rivers. The neural networks are trained using the rainfall data, recorded on the river catchment, the river flow and suspended sediment data belonging to Juniata Catchment in USA. The simulations provided satisfactory forecasts in terms of the selected performance criteria comparing well with conventional methods.
Effect of water-deficit stress on cotton during reproductive development

Water deficit is a major abiotic factor limiting plant growth and crop productivity around the world. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is considered to be relatively tolerant to drought and the effects of water stress on leaf physiology and metabolism have been extensively documented. However, information is lacking on the effect of water-deficit stress on the cotton flower. It was hypothesized that water-deficit stress would impair gas exchange functions which consequently would result in perturbation of carbohydrates of cotton reproductive units. To investigate this hypothesis growth room studies and field studies were conducted with the objectives being to document the physiological and biochemical changes that take place in cotton flowers and their subtending leaves when subjected to limited water supply. Additionally, the effect of the ethylene inhibitor 1-Methylcyclopropene under conditions of water stress was investigated as well as the response of leaf and ovary polyamine metabolism of two cotton cultivars differing in drought tolerance. Results indicated that water-deficit stress during flowering significantly compromised leaf gas exchange functions resulting in decreased stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, respiration and water potential. However, cotton reproductive units appeared to be less drought-sensitive compared to the leaves possibly due to higher water potential and glutathione reductase activity. Limited supply of water significantly affected carbohydrate metabolism of both leaf and pistil resulting in carbohydrate accumulation. Contrary to expectations, application of the ethylene inhibitor 1-MCP had no effect on leaf gas exchange function, however, it reversed the effect of water stress on pistil sucrose concentrations. Finally, water-deficit stress during flowering had a significant effect on polyamine metabolism of both leaf and pistil, resulting in increases in putrescine, spermidine and spermine in drought-sensitive cultivars. The differential response of polyamine metabolism between drought-sensitive and tolerant cultivars suggests that polyamines could be effective tools not only in selection of drought-tolerant cultivars, but also in drought tolerance engineering, however further research is needed in order to elucidate the exact pathways of
Morphometric evaluation of the foramen magnum: A study on computerized tomographic images of South Indian adults

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the computerized tomographic radiological measurements of the foramen magnum as well as to note the variations in the shape of the foramen magnum of adults of South Indian origin. Clinically information regarding anatomic features of the foramen magnum and its variations has surgical significance in a transcondylar surgical approach to the foramen magnum considering condylar resections to improve the exposure of this region. From a forensic point of view, determination of sex using the occipital bone by means of morphometric evaluation of the foramen magnum may prove useful in cases of significantly disrupted or fragmented unknown human skeletal remains. Cranial computerized tomographic images of 150 normal south india subjects (75 males and 75 females) between the ages 18 and 86 years were examined in the present study. The findings of the present study, in terms of various morphometric dimensions in relation to the foramen magnum region including the shape, area, and index of the foramen magnum, provide anatomical knowledge of clinical importance to the surgeons performing surgeries in relation to the cranial base. The most common variation in the shape of the foramen magnum was round (40%), followed by oval (30%). In addition, although all the dimensions were larger in the male, using discriminant function analysis, the length of the left occipital condyle (LLC) and the maximum medial intercondylar distance (MID) were fount to be statistically different in each sex (p<0.05) with 71.4% and 66.7% accuracy, respectively. From a forensic point of view, this study demonstrates that there is limited, albeit statistically significant, expressiong of sexual differences in the foramen magnum region of the south indian population, which may prove useful in predicting sex in fragmented cranial bases by discriminant function analysis. However, due to not very high percentage of correct classifictions, this method cannot be recommended for sexing complete skulss.
Mechanical and thermal properties of recycled polypropylene bamboo fibre-reinforced composites

In this article, a kind of green composite was prepared from recycled polypropylene (r-PP) which was further reinforced with various loadings of chemically modified bamboo fibres. Effects of bamboo fibre loading on the mechanical and thermal properties of r-PP/bamboo composites were studied. Those properties were characterized by tensile testing, impact testing, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Standardized test specimens with 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% mass fractions of bamboo fibre were obtained by an extrusion process which was then finalized on injection molding. The experiment revealed the tensile strength and strain of the composite become greater with the increase of bamboo fraction in the ultimate value of 20% mass fraction. The composite with 10% bamboo fibre loading recorded the highest value of impact strength. Meanwhile, it was evident that the presence of bamboo fibre decreased the thermal stability of recycled polypropylene materials. Therefore, this composite material may find good potential for semi-structural loading applications in relatively low-exposure working.
Wildlife as a tourism resource in Nunavut

ABSTRACT Wildlife plays a significant role in the development of tourism in Nunavut. A certain amount of tourism in the Canadian Arctic depends on the wealth and uniqueness of the wildlife in the polar region. Two different forms of tourism based on Arctic wildlife can be distinguished: wildlife viewing and sport hunting. Both of these forms of tourism question the link between the different uses of the resource and the perceptions of wildlife. Based on an analysis of multiple information sources (literature review, newspaper analysis and semi-structured interviews), this article examines the emergence of wildlife as a tourism resource for Inuit communities and questions the issues linked to the emergence of this resource use. Using the example of polar bears, the article focuses on tourism dynamics. The article concludes that the polar bear sport hunting resource has evolved along with the changing environment. This tourism resource could be reinvented, with investments targeting other forms of tourism, such as wildlife viewing, which seems to better fit Westerners’ expectations, but is not necessarily a more environmentally friendly type of tourism.
Determination of lignocellulolytic activity in a natural substrate of native fungi strains obtained from pasture savanna and of secondary forest from a tropical flooded savanna.

The aim of this work was to identify lignolytic and cellulolytic fungal strains capable of degrading harvest waste and thereby improving the soil characteristics of the eastern Llanos of Colombia. Sampling was carried out using the transept methodology and integrated samples. A lignolytic strain (005L Verticillium spp.) and 72 cellulolytic strains were obtained. A comparison of soil usages (savanna grazing and secondary forest) showed no correlation between the number of obtained genera and soil characteristics. Selection of the strains to be evaluated in a dry-grass natural substrate (Brachiaria spp.) was carried out by quantification of lignolytic and cellulolytic activity. Two strains with high exoglucanase activity (055C and 061C Penicillium spp.) and a strain with high endoglucanase activity (019C Trichoderma spp.) relative to the Trichoderma viride control were selected and evaluated in the natural substrate in consortia formed by one lignolytic and one cellulolytic. The test showed that the enzymatic activity of the selected strains increased in the substrate grass, surpassing that of the positive controls (Pleurotus ostreatus for lignin and T. viride for cellulose) for both consortia. The use of the consortia is therefore recommended for the development of soil conditioning biofertilizers, especially that formed by the 005L (Verticillium spp.) and 055C (Penicillium spp.) strains with high lignolytic and cellulolytic activity.
Memantine: a review of studies into its safety and efficacy in treating Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias

Memantine is an uncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist with moderate affinity. Its mechanism of action is neuroprotective and potentially therapeutic in several neuropsychiatric diseases. It has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of moderate to severe Alzheimer’s disease (AD) either as a monotherapy or in combination with cholinesterase inhibitors. This review covers key studies of memantine’s safety and efficacy in treating moderate to severe AD. It also covers current research into other dementias including but not exclusively mild AD and vascular dementia. Other studies on the efficacy of memantine for other neuropsychiatric diseases are discussed. Memantine is a safe and effective drug that merits further research on several topics. Clinicians should be aware of new studies and potential uses of memantine because of its safety and efficacy.
Ischemic Heart Disease: Surgical Management

History of Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery, B. Buxton and Y. Lim. Anatomy of the Coronary Arteries. Surgical Anatomy, R. Anderson and S.Y. Ho. Radiographical Anatomy, V. Van Ommen. Cardiac Imaging, R. Hicks, P. Calafiore, And R. O'Sullivan. Pathology, H. Mcallister, L.M. Buja. Indicators for Surgery & Prediction of Risk, J. Gaer, B. Buxton. The Basis for Decision Making in CABG, D. Mcgiffin, D. Naftel, And J. Kirklin. STS Database, R. Clark. Results of Artery Bypass Surgery, B. Lytle. Anesthesia & Perioperative Care, S. Georghi and L. Mcnicol. Postoperative Care, L. Doolan and J. Gaer. Fast Track Surgery, S. Westably and C. Grebenik. Cardiopulmonary Bypass, S. Westaby. Myocardial Preservation, F. Esmailian, G.D. Buckberg, And C. Athanasuleas. Blood Conservation, L.H. Edmund. The Dynamic Coronary Bypass Graft: Graft Function, G-W. He, B. Buxton, D. Cable and H. Schaff. Conduits. Graft Section, B. Buxton. Internal Thoracic Artery, B. Buxton. Radial Artery, C. Acar, B. Buxton, And D. Taggart. Ulinar Artery, B. Buxton and N. Eizenberg. Gastroepiploic Artery, H. Suma. Inferior Epigastric Artery, M. Buche, A. Nabuchi, And E. Schroeder. Saphenous Vein, F. Roesenfeldt, J. Ramen, And W.G. Meldrum-Hanna. Alternative Conduits, B. Buxton. Basic Surgical Standards, B. Buxton, J. Smith, M. Kainer, And P. Reusankulrach. Standard Grafting Techniques, B. Buxton and J. Smith. Complex Coronary Reconstructions. Sequential Saphenous Vein Grafts, D. Esmore and J. Smith. Sequential Internal Thoracic Artery Graft, H. Barner and A. Tector. Composite ITA, RA & IEA Grafts, A. Califiore. Comp-Lete Arterial Grafting Using a Left ITA and a Single Radial Artery Graft, A. Royse. Endarterectomy, N. Trehan and A. Mishra. Emergency Coronary Artery Bypass After Failed Pecutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty (PTCA), J.J. Livesay. Reoperation, B. Buxton and J. Goldblatt. Reconstruction of the Sternum, S. Flood and B. Johnstone. Congenital Coronary Abnormalities and Kawasaki Disease. Introduction, T. Karl. Coronary Fistulae, T. Karl and
Assessment of soil vulnerability to erosion by a fuzzy logic model.

A simplified fuzzy logic model to assess soil vulnerability to degradation processes, such as soil erosion, is presented. The model is based on the use of fuzzy logic to operate with explanatory continuous variables estimated from remote sensing images and digital elevation models. It combines explanatory variables concerning the state of vegetation cover and topographic parameters. The estimations are made by a decision system implemented in a geographic information system (GIS). Output vulnerability maps can be updated with new satellite images. The study area is located on the southeast Iberian Peninsula, characterized by a semiarid Mediterranean climate. It was found high vulnerability for all estimations in relation to the expected maximum and minimum thresholds. Responses of the vulREVISTA DE CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS 172 nerability changes in relation with changes of existing classes of potential erosion (based on the USLE) were analysed. It was considered a high correlation between changes in classes of soil erosion and changes in vulnerability estimations. Key-words: Soil vulnerability, fuzzy logic, GIS, remote sensing.
Anomalous Wafer Map Detection and Localization using Unsupervised Learning

Semiconductor manufacturing has achieved significant advancement with the help of data engineering and artificial intelligence. Wafer map inspection is an essential aspect of quality assurance because it enables the detection and identification of abnormal wafer maps among a large quantity of normal ones. In the actual manufacturing process, a substantial volume of normal wafer maps is generated with a rare number of abnormal wafer maps. Detecting such occurrences is a challenging task. Most existing works employ various supervised techniques which require extensive time and effort to label the data. Moreover, obtaining a dataset with balanced distribution is impractical in the manufacturing industry. In this paper, we introduce an unsupervised end-to-end approach in which only unlabelled wafer maps (i.e. mostly normal) are utilized for training to efficiently identify anomalous wafer maps. In addition, our proposed approach can localize the defective regions. Experimental results show that our approach outperforms other unsupervised methods and is comparable to the supervised approaches without the need for annotation of anomalous data for training. We achieve an image-level AUROC of 0.97 and a pixel-level AUROC of 0.949 on the WM-811K dataset.