Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Consumer purchase intention using recent action theory, social value, and emotional value toward purchasing healthy foods in Pekanbaru and Yogyakarta

This study aims to research healthy foods utilizing the theory of reasoned action and including factors such as social and emotional value. The idea of research study is to determine whether there is a positive relationship between social values attitude and subjective norms, emotional values toward subjective norms and attitude, attitude toward buy intention, and subjective norms toward purchase intention. This research used the quantitative approach and the program used in data processing to find findings from the data, AMOS SEM. The population consists of people in Yogyakarta and Pekanbaru, with a non-probability sampling sample and a number of samplings of 303 respondents. The method employed for collecting data entails utilizing a questionnaire that has undergone rigorous testing to establish its validity and reliability. Finding shows that all hypothesis was accepted. It means there was a positive relationship for each variable toward healthy foods. The findings indicated that all the relationships between the hypotheses were positive, which could be evaluated based on the minimum score. If the value of C was larger than R and the accompanying P-value was less than 0.05 but more significant than 1.96, the association was declared positive.
On non-increase of Brownian motion

A new proof of the non-increase of Brownian paths is given. David Aldous pointed out in his recent book (Aldous (1989) K7, K13) that none of the published proofs of the non-increase of Brownian motion is totally satisfactory. The original proof of Dvoretzky et al. (1961) is hard, those of Adelman (1985), Karatzas and Shreve (1987) or Knight (1981) do not shed much light on the difference between points of increase and local maxima. Aldous’ own argument is only a “Poisson clumping heuristic. ” This note is an attempt at the impossible i.e., a proof which is at the same time rigorous, short, simple, elementary, and, last but not least, it elucidates the difference between the points of increase and local maxima. I believe that the proof is new, although its ideas may be traced back to Adelman (1985), Aldous (1989) and Davis (1983). Suppose that {B(t), t ≥ 0} is a Brownian motion, B(0) = 0. Dvoretzky et al. (1961) showed that with probability 1, there are no t, ε > 0 such that B(s) ≤ B(t) for s ∈ (t − ε, t) and B(u) ≥ B(t) for u ∈ (t, t + ε). We will prove that P (A0) = 0 where A0 = {∃ t, u > 0 : t < u, B(t) ≤ 1, B(u) ≥ B(t) + 2, B(s) ≤ B(t) for s ∈ [0, t), B(s) ≥ B(t) for s ∈ (t, u]}. Standard arguments show that the result of Dvoretzky et al. (1961) follows from P (A0) = 0. Let us start with some inductive definitions. Fix some ε ∈ (0, 1). M0 = 0, U0 = 0, Tk = inf{t > Uk : B(t) = Mk − ε or B(t) = Mk + 2}, k ≥ 0, Mk+1 = max{B(t) : t ∈ [0, Tk]}, k ≥ 0, Uk+1 = inf{t > Tk : B(t) = Mk+1}, k ≥ 0, Xk = Mk −Mk−1, k ≥ 1. Note that (1) P (Xk > x) = { ε/(x + ε) for 0 < x < 2, 0 for x ≥ 2, Research supported in part by NSF Grant DMS 8702620. AMS subject classification: 60J65, 60G17.
Quantum coherent control and compensation of temporal scattering

The experimental work in this thesis is divided into two distinct parts. In both parts, broadband femtosecond laser pulses are “shaped” by adjusting the relative phase and amplitude of spectral components. In the first set of experiments, time-dependent perturbation theory is used to show that the probability of a quantum transition in atomic rubidium can be substantially enhanced or suppressed using pulse shaping, compared to the probability of transition observed when a transform-limited or “flat phase” optical pulse is used. These enhancement or suppression effects are also demonstrated experimentally. As quantum interference (the material phase having been transferred from the optical phase) is used to enhance or diminish a particular final quantum state, this can be classified as a quantum coherent control experiment. In the second set of experiments, an optical pulse is scattered into a train of pulses by a layered structure. The layered structure is used to simulate the effect of optical pulses travelling through certain types of complex media. One consequence of the disruption of a single pulse into a train of pulses is lower per-pulse peak intensity, and thus a greatly diminished nonlinear signal. It is shown that spectral pulse shaping (in phase only) is sufficient to pre-compensate for the scattering structure, allowing a single transformlimited pulse to be obtained at the output.
Inequality, tax avoidance and redistribution

The present paper seeks to explain the pattern of income redistribution in a world of increased market income inequality. In some countries, larger market income inequality has been met by an increased redistributive effort, thus keeping the distribution of disposable incomes relatively stable. In other countries, larger market inequality has been accompanied by a reduction in transfers, thus leading to growth in disposable income inequality. Focusing on two constraints on tax and redistribution programs, namely dead weight loss and tax avoidance, our analysis demonstrates that the initial level of market income inequality is crucial in explaining how increased inequality affects redistribution. JEL codes: F21, H2
Parametric Uncertainties Prone Adaptive Control Method for Omni Directional Vehicle

The trajectory tracking problem of a wheeled omnidirectional robot is addressed in this paper. The proposed controller takes into account the dynamics of the wheeled omnidirectional robot when adaptive linear control with computed torque is utilized for tracking its trajectory. The computed torque method was employed to follow a reference trajectory but there were certain degrees of uncertainties in parameters such as estimation of mass and inertia which caused the performance to deviate from the ideal case. The adaptive linear control method is used to overcome the degradation of the computed torque when there is drift in vehicle parameters. Lyapunov stability criteria was utilized to prove that the proposed adaptive linear control with computed torque method is stable. The proposed strategy was evaluated through numerical simulation which showed the better performance in tracking a reference signal of the adaptive linear control with computed torque method as compared to computed torque method only.
MANAGING INNOVATIONS IN INDIAN SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMEs): AN ANALYTICAL PERSPECTIVE

Small and medium-sized enterprises are essential to the financial system of any country's rapid advancement. They are particularly significant for supporting regional growth, job creation, and revenue generation in emerging countries. India may achieve its socioeconomic objectives in the following ten years by giving millions of educated people gainful employment and helping millions of others move from an overcrowded agricultural industry to the small-scale manufacturing and service sectors. SMEs are renowned for being the driving factors behind equitable economic development and progress. A significant barrier to profitability in the SME sector is the need for knowledge, abilities, and resources that support innovation. Foreign nations are currently providing intense rivalry in international trade while posing various challenges for the SME sector. To escape this predicament, businesses should develop cutting-edge technology and multifaceted products. This paper explains several innovative factors and their effects on the growth of the SME market in India.
Damage detection with ultrasonic guided waves using machine learning and aggregated baselines

In guided wave (GW)-based structural health monitoring (SHM), ultrasonic elastic waves are used to detect damages in structures by comparing the acquired signals with those acquired before defect formation. Making the SHM system automatic, especially for similar structures, such as turbine blades, is rather challenging. The high sensitivity of GWs to environmental and operational conditions, the variabilities due to sensor positioning, sensor coupling, and material variability in composites limit the baseline application. This work presents a machine learning (ML)-based damage detection method using aggregated baselines independent of their damaged states to enhance the generalization capability of ML algorithms by considering similar structures’ variabilities. The methodology relies on feature extraction from raw GW signals and training classification algorithms (e.g., kernel machines, ensemble methods, and neural networks). Two experimental data sets on composite panels are used. The first experimental data set of 45 composite panels is used to validate the approach by considering the aforementioned inter-specimen variabilities. Half of the 45 panels provide pristine data, and the rest provide damaged data so that the same sample is present in the training or test set but never in both. High classification performance is obtained, demonstrating that the classifier has successfully learned to recognize defect signatures despite the influence of the variabilities linked to the multiple instrumented specimens. The second experimental data set of 1 composite panel with temperature variation is used. Good classification performance is obtained without using baseline correction methods.
Estimation of the Turbulent Fraction in the Free Atmosphere from MST Radar Measurements

Abstract Small-scale turbulence in the free atmosphere is known to be intermittent in space and time. The turbulence fraction of the atmosphere is a key parameter in order to evaluate the transport properties of small-scale motions and to interpret clear-air radar measurements as well. Mesosphere–stratosphere–troposphere (MST)/stratosphere–troposphere (ST) radars provide two independent methods for the estimation of energetic parameters of turbulence. First, the Doppler spectral width σ2 is related to the dissipation rate of kinetic energy ϵk. Second, the radar reflectivity, or C2n, relates to the dissipation rate of available potential energy ϵp. However, these two measures yield estimates that differ with respect to an important point. The Doppler width measurements, and related ϵk, are reflectivity-weighted averages. On the other hand, the reflectivity estimate is a volume-averaged quantity. The values of ϵp depend on both the turbulence intensity and the turbulent fraction within the radar sampling vo.
Modeling of Nonstationary Winds and Its Applications

AbstractA model is proposed to represent nonstationary fluctuating winds based on the concept of instantaneous power spectrum representation and amplitude modulation to model the fluctuating winds with time-varying mean wind speed. This results in the nonstationary fluctuating winds at a point to be characterized by a power spectral density function with a frequency modulation; it is proposed and shown that the frequency modulation can be assigned based on a time transformation defined through a dimensionless distance traveled by the winds that is calculated using the mean wind speed. In essence, nonstationary fluctuating winds are obtained by mapping the stationary fluctuating winds through a nonlinear time transformation and by applying an amplitude modulation. The proposed model is employed to simulate nonstationary winds for parametric investigation of the peak displacement of linear and nonlinear inelastic single-degree-of-freedom systems. It is shown that a structure designed by neglecting ductility.
Treatment and hydraulic performances of the NiiMi process for landscape water

This paper describes the NiiMi process designed to treat landscape water. The main aim of the research was to investigate the feasibility of NiiMi for removing organic and nutriment materials from landscape water. During the batch-scale NiiMi operation, the removal rates of color ranged from 66.7%–80%, of turbidity from 31.7%–89.3%, of chemical oxygen demand (COD) from 7%–36.5%, of total phosphor (TP) from 43%–84.2%, of soluble phosphate from 42.9%–100%, of total nitrogen (TN) from 4.2%–46.7%, and of NH4+-N from 39.3%–100% at the hydraulic loading of 0.2 m3/(m2·d). Results showed that the removal efficiencies of COD, TP, soluble phosphate and TN decreased with the decline in the temperature. The NiiMi process had a strong shock loading ability for the removal of the organics, turbidity, TP, soluble phosphate, TN and NH4+-N. Three sodium chloride tracer studies were conducted, labeled as TS1, TS2, and TS3, respectively. The mean hydraulic retention times (mean HRTs) were 31 h and 28 h for TS1 and TS2, respectively, indicating the occurrence of a dead zone volume of 12% and 20% for TS1 and TS2, respectively. TS1 and TS2 displayed the occurrence of short-circuiting in the NiiMi system. The comparison results between TS1 and TS2 were further confirmed in the values obtained for some indicators, such as volumetric efficiency (e), short-circuiting (S), hydraulic efficiency (λ) and number of continuously stirred tank reactors (N).
A Method for Detecting Approximately Duplicate Database Records in Data Warehouse

Detecting and eliminating approximately duplicated records is one of the main problems needed to be solved for data mining and data quality improvement. An algorithm for detecting approximately duplicated database records is presented based on rank group. Firstly, each property of the data is endowed with certain weight according rank-based weights method. Secondly, in term of group thought, large data sets are divided into many non-intersect small data sets. Finally, approximately duplicated records are detected and eliminated in each small data set. To avoid missing, the above steps can be repeated. The theory analysis and experiment show that this algorithm has a good detecting precision better efficiency of time, and therefore is an effective approach to solve approximately duplicate records of massive data.
Vortex Streets in the Wake of the Aleutian Islands

Abstract The characteristics of a series of cloud-delineated wake patterns downwind of isolated mountain barriers on the Alaskan Peninsula and eastern Aleutian Islands have been studied using a geometrically corrected NOAA satellite picture in conjunction with available meteorological information. Four of these wakes are shown to be atmospheric analogs of Karman-type vortex streets observed in laboratory experiments. A critical Reynolds number of 92±5 has been estimated for the flow. The drag coefficients associated with the vortex streets varied from 1.1 for an irregular, asymmetrical wake to 2.3 for a regular, symmetrical wake; the turbulent eddy viscosity ranged from 1.2−1.8×103 m2 s−1 for the four vortex streets. The two vortex streets having the lowest Reynolds number flows (R= 97, 112) appear to have developed through a “double vortex street” laminar instability while the vortex street having the largest Reynolds number flow (R = 183) apparently developed through a “single vortex street” instability.
A Review and Comparison of Changepoint Detection Techniques for Climate Data

Abstract This review article enumerates, categorizes, and compares many of the methods that have been proposed to detect undocumented changepoints in climate data series. The methods examined include the standard normal homogeneity (SNH) test, Wilcoxon’s nonparametric test, two-phase regression (TPR) procedures, inhomogeneity tests, information criteria procedures, and various variants thereof. All of these methods have been proposed in the climate literature to detect undocumented changepoints, but heretofore there has been little formal comparison of the techniques on either real or simulated climate series. This study seeks to unify the topic, showing clearly the fundamental differences among the assumptions made by each procedure and providing guidelines for which procedures work best in different situations. It is shown that the common trend TPR and Sawa’s Bayes criteria procedures seem optimal for most climate time series, whereas the SNH procedure and its nonparametric variant are probably best whe.
Simplified selective harmonic elimination PWM for three‐level five‐phase T‐NPC inverter

This paper presents a selective harmonic PWM strategy (HSE‐PWM) to control a five‐phase three‐level T‐NPC inverter. The proposed method aims to reduce switching losses and directly eliminate specific orders of harmonics, while also controlling the fundamental magnitude. MATLAB/Simulink simulations are conducted using an RL load, and the implementation is tested using a simplified method on an STM32F4 controller board. Experimental tests are then carried out to validate the simulation results. Additionally, power losses and efficiency are studied using Plecs software. The paper explores four different cases of switching angles number and proposes three SHE methods: a simple SHE based on Newton Raphson's method, SHE with current THD optimization, and SHE with common mode voltage (CMV) optimization using the PSO algorithm. The proposed methods provide complete control over the fundamental of the output voltage and the selected harmonics while reducing switching losses. A comparison is carried out in terms of voltage waveform, maximum CMV, fundamental magnitude, total harmonic distortion (THD), and power efficiency for the three methods. The paper concludes that the proposed modulation can be useful in high‐power applications.
On the modeling of conducting media with the unconditionally stable ADI-FDTD method

The Courant-Friedrich-Levy stability condition has prevented the conventional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method from being effectively applied to conductive materials because of the fine mesh required for the conducting regions. In this paper, the recently developed unconditionally stable alternating-direction-implicit (ADI) FDTD is employed because of its capability in handling a fine mesh with a relatively large time step. The results show that the unconditionally alternating-direction-implicit-finite-difference time-domain (ADI-FDTD) method can be used as an effective universal tool in modeling a medium regardless of its conductivity. In addition, the unsplit perfectly matched layer combined with the ADI-FDTD method is implemented in the cylindrical coordinates and is proven to be very effective even with the cylindrical structures that contain open conducting media.
A New Monte-Carlo Method for Estimating the Failure Probability of an

A new formula for the probability of a union of events is used to express the failure probability of an n-component system. a very simple Monte-Carlo algorithm based on the new probability formula is presented. The input to the algorithm gives the failure probabilities of the n components of the system and a list of the failure sets of the system. The output is an unbiased estimator of the failure probability of the system. We show that the average value of the estimator over many runs of the algorithm tends to converge quickly to the failure Probability of the system. The overall time to estimate the failure probability with high accuracy compares very favorably with the execution times of other methods used for solving this problem.
Financial Derivative and Energy Market Valuation: Theory and Implementation in MATLAB

Preface vii 1 Financial Models 1 2 Jump Models 35 3 Options 65 4 Binomial Trees 105 5 Trinomial Trees 131 6 Finite Difference Methods 167 7 Kalman Filter 231 8 Futures and Forwards 245 9 Nonlinear and Non-Gaussian Kalman Filter 295 10 Short-Term Deviation/Long-Term Equilibrium Model 349 11 Futures and Forwards Options 359 12 Fourier Transform 397 13 Fundamentals of Characteristic Functions 459 14 Application of Characteristic Functions 467 15 Levy Processes 505 16 Fourier-Based Option Analysis 547 17 Fundamentals of Stochastic Finance 585 18 Affine Jump-Diffusion Processes 605 Index 645
Semantic preorders in the automated verification of concurrent systems

Preorders are reflexive and transitive relations which are emerging as promising alternatives to equivalences in system verification, since preorder-based specifications permit more flexibility in the implementations that are deemed correct. Preorder-based reasoning lets certain parts of a specification be left undefined therefore allowing latitude in the implementation strategy chosen. This partiality allowed in the specifications (and implementations) permits a form of stepwise refinement design methodology in designing correct implementations. Preorders formalize the intuitive notion of "to be better than". A system is deemed to be correct if it is larger than its specification in the preorder, in which case it intuitively provides "at least" the behavior dictated by the specification. Preorders, like their equivalence counterparts, facilitate the development of layered, hierarchical designs. They can also be used as a basis in the modular and compositional verification of systems. This thesis presents algorithms for computing a very general preorder--the prebisimulation preorder--and gives a methodology to generate diagnostic information, when two systems are not related by the prebisimulation preorder. As a number of other behavioral preorders may be characterized in terms of prebisimulation preorder the algorithms presented in this thesis may be used as a basis for computing diagnostic information for these preorders as well. The diagnostic information takes the form of a logical formula which may be then transformed as appropriate in order to yield information for the specific preorder being calculated. We illustrate this technique by presenting a method for generating diagnostic tests when two systems are not related by the testing preorder. The practicality of these techniques is also investigated by applying them to verifying a simplified version of an ATM protocol.
Wavelet-based compression of power disturbances using the minimum description length criterion

This paper introduces a compression technique for power disturbance data via discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and wavelet packet transform (WPT). The data compression leads to a potential application for remote power protection and power quality monitoring. The compression technique is performed through signal decomposition up to a certain level, thresholding of wavelet coefficients, and signal reconstruction. The choice of which wavelet to use for the compression is of critical importance, because the wavelet affects reconstructed signal quality and the design of the system as a whole. The minimum description length (MDL) criterion is proposed for the selection of an appropriate wavelet filter. This criterion permits selection of not only the suitable wavelet filter but also the best number of wavelet retained coefficients for signal reconstruction. The experimental study has been carried out for a single-phase to ground fault event, and the data compression results of using the suitable wavelet filter show that the compression ratios are less than 11% and are reduced to more than a half of that value by implementing an additional lossless coding.