Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physiology and metabolic of red blood cell

: Providing cells with enough oxygen led to the creation of multicellular organisms, and red blood cells (RBCs) are specialized organ that plays a key role in this process, not able to get oxygen from the air without because of diffusion, which provides energy for oxidative phosphorylation when it comes to producing energy at extremely high efficiency. The RBCs in your body have adapted to their function by maximizing packing hemoglobin levels that are extremely high in their cytoplasm including the release of nuclei and other organelles. Red blood cells (RBCs) have adapted over time to shed their nuclei and other organelles while loading their cytoplasm with hemoglobin. RBCs are prepared to transport oxygen by metabolic/redox enzymes during their about 120-day circulatory lifetime in humans until they collect damage and are rapidly eliminated by the reticuloendothelial system. However, when RBCs are removed from circulation and stored hypodermically in blood banks, these complex evolutionary adaptations become ineffective due to the accumulation of storage-induced damages ("storage lesions") throughout the shelf life of stored RBCs. COVID-19 disease is caused by the same SARS-CoV-2 beta coronavirus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), which manifests largely as difficulty breathing, a persistent dry cough, and fever. Since they carry oxygen throughout the body, red blood cells (RBCs) could be involved in the degree to which COVID-19 individuals suffer from hypoxemia. Recent research has shown that examines the effect of COVID-19 on RBCs using cutting-edge metabolomics, proteomics, and lipidomics techniques to molecularly diagnosed COVID-19 patients, and 23 controls. patients. Elevated concentrations were found in the red blood cells of patients with COVID-19. oxidation and fragmentation of ankyrin, spectrin beta, and the N-terminal cytosolic domain, as well as the glycolytic intermediates zone of band 3 (AE1). This article seeks to give a holistic overview of the literature on RBC storage lesions and their putative clinical effects by including the recent exponential expansion in available data derived from technologies in addition to that published in more conventional publications.
forti-Enhancing the Antioxidant Capacity and Quality Attributes of Fermented Goat Milk through Synergistic Action of Limosilactobacillus fermentum WXZ 2-1 with Starter Culture

This study evaluated 75 strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from traditional dairy products in western China for their probiotic properties. Among them, Limosilactobacillus fermentum WXZ 2–1, Lactiplan-tibacillus plantarum TXZ 2–35, Companilactobacillus crustorum QHS 9, and Companilactobacillus crustorum QHS 10 demonstrated potential probiotic characteristics. The antioxidant capacity of these 4 strains was assessed, revealing that L. fermentum WXZ 2–1 exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, when cocultured with Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophi-luss and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus , L. fermentum WXZ 2–1 demonstrated a synergistic effect in growth medium and goat milk. To explore its impact on goat milk fermentation, different amounts of L. fermentum WXZ 2–1 were added to goat milk, and its physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, flavor substances, and metabolomics were analyzed. The study found that the incorporation of L. fermentum WXZ 2–1 in goat milk fermentation significantly improved the texture characteristics, antioxidant capacity, and flavor of fermented goat milk. These findings highlight the potential of L. fermentum WXZ 2–1 as a valuable probiotic strain for enhancing the functionality and desirability of fermented goat milk, contributing to the development of novel functional foods with improved health benefits and enhanced quality attributes.
Elevated expression of Axin2 in intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancers

Background The Wnt signaling pathway regulates crucial cellular processes, including stem cell development and tissue repair. Dysregulation of this pathway, particularly β-catenin stabilization, is linked to colorectal carcinoma and other tumors. Axin2, a critical component in the pathway, plays a role in β-catenin regulation. This study examines Axin2 expression in normal gastric mucosa and various gastric pathologies. Methods Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue samples from normal stomach, gastritis, intestinal metaplasia (IM), and gastric carcinoma were collected. Axin2 and β-catenin expression were evaluated using RNA in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Histo-scores (H-scores) were calculated to quantify expression levels of Axin2. Associations between Axin2 expression and clinicopathological variables were examined. Results Axin2 expression was examined in normal stomach, gastritis, and IM tissues. Axin2 expression was mainly observed in the surface and isthmus areas in the normal stomach and gastritis, whereas Axin2 expression was markedly higher at the bases of IM. Axin2 H-scores were significantly elevated in IM (mean ± standard deviation [SD], 87.0 ± 38.9) compared to normal (mean ± SD, 18.0 ± 4.5) and gastritis tissues (mean ± SD, 33.0 ± 18.6). In total, 30% of gastric carcinomas showed higher Axin2 expression. Axin2 expression did not have significant associations with age, sex, Lauren classification, histological differentiation, invasion depth, and lymph node metastasis. However, a strong positive correlation was observed between Axin2 and nuclear β-catenin in gastric carcinomas (p < .001). Conclusions Axin2 expression was significantly increased in IM compared to normal and gastritis cases. In addition, Axin2 showed a strong positive association with nuclear β-catenin expression in gastric carcinomas, demonstrating a close relationship with abnormal Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Studying Tonal Evolution of Western Choral Music: A Corpus-Based Strategy

The availability of large digital music archives combined with significant advances in computational analysis methods have enabled novel strategies for musicological corpus studies. This includes approaches based on audio recordings, which are available in large quantities for different musical works and styles. In this paper, we take up such an audio-based approach for studying the tonal complexity of music and its evolution over centuries. In particular, we examine the tonal evolution of Western choral and sacred music exploiting a novel audio corpus (5773 tracks) with a rich set of annotations. The data stems from one of the world’s leading music publisher for choral music, the Carus-Verlag, which is specialized on scholarly-critical sheet music editions of this repertoire and also runs an own record label. Based on this corpus, we revisit a heuristic strategy that exploits composer life dates to approximate work count curves over the years, validate this approximation strategy, and optimize its parameters using the reference composition years annotated in the Carus dataset. We then apply this strategy to derive evolution curves from the full Carus dataset. We compare the results to a study based on a purely instrumental dataset and test three hypotheses on tonal evolution, namely that (1) global complexity increases faster than local complexity, that (2) major keys are tonally more complex than minor keys, and that (3) instrumental music is more complex than vocal music. The results provide interesting insights into the choral music repertoire and suggest that well-curated publisher data constitutes a valuable resource for the computational humanities.
TabContrast: A Local-Global Level Method for Tabular Contrastive Learning

Representation learning is a cornerstone of contemporary artificial intelligence, significantly boosting performance across diverse downstream tasks. Notably, domains like computer vision and NLP have witnessed transformative advancements owing to self-supervised contrastive learning techniques. Yet, the translation of these techniques to tabular data remains an intricate challenge. Traditional approaches, especially within the tabular arena, tend to explore model architecture and loss function design, often overlooking the nuanced creation of positive and negative sample pairs. These pairs are vital, shaping the quality of the learned representations and the overall model efficacy. Recognizing this imperative, our paper probes the specificities of tabular data and the unique challenges it presents. As a solution, we introduce "TabContrast". This method adopts a local-global contrast approach, segmenting features into subsets and subsequently performing tailored clustering to unveil inherent data patterns. By aligning samples with cluster centroids and emphasizing clear semantic distinctions, TabContrast promises enhanced representation efficacy. Preliminary evaluations highlight its potential, particularly in tabular datasets with more features available.
Psychological Empowerment and Susceptibility to Stress Related Illnesses among Psychiatric Nurses in Alexandria, Egypt

: Stress is an everlasting life issue encountered in everyday life. Nursing as a demanding discipline is surrounded by many stressors that have a significant impact on individual nurses making them susceptible to various stress related illnesses. In addition, stressful events faced by nurses can impose greater effect on their provided quality of care. Nurses who are psychologically empowered have higher levels of satisfaction and commitment, and lower levels of job strain and burnout. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the degree of psychological empowerment of psychiatric nurses and their susceptibility to develop stress related illnesses. This study used a descriptive correlational design. Data were collected using the socio-demographic questionnaire, the Psychological Empowerment Scale, and The Holmes-Rahe life stress Inventory. Results revealed that psychiatric nurses had high level of psychological empowerment, 36.8% of them had moderate degree of susceptibility to stress related illness and 35.8% of them had high degree of susceptibility to stress related. Moreover, there was no statistically significant relationship between psychological empowerment and susceptibility to stress related illnesses. However, meaningful work subscale of the psychological empowerment was significantly related to female gender. Thus, it can be concluded that psychiatric nurses were highly psychologically empowered regardless of their degree of susceptibility to stress related illnesses and female gender helps nurses to value their work as meaningful.
0B Do Business-Friendly States Attract Female Entrepreneurs?

In this study, we examine whether business friendly states attract more female entrepreneurs compared to non-business friendly states. In the survey that we employ, business-friendliness has four components. These are the “ease of hire”, “ease of start”, “training/networking programs”, and “regulations”. Besides looking at how each of these business friendliness components affects the concentration of female entrepreneurs in a state, we also examine how each component affects other entrepreneur characteristics including “previous entrepreneurial experience”, “age”, “political view”, “education level”, and “race”. Our results for “overall business friendliness” show that, in business-friendly states, there are more female owners and experienced owners when compared to the other states. In these states, there are more conservatives but fewer liberals and independents. Also, in these states, we are seeing more technical college and high school graduates and fewer community college graduates and master’s graduates. Finally, in these states, we see fewer Asian or Hispanic owners when compared to the other states. With regard to the components of business friendliness, we find that the states with higher scores in “ease of start” or “training/networking programs” have significantly more female entrepreneurs when compared to the other states. Our results show that “ease of hire” and “regulations” do not significantly affect the concentration of female entrepreneurs in a state.
First bird remains from the Eocene of Algarrobo, central Chile

Paleogene records of birds in the Eastern margin of the Pacific Ocean have increased in recent years, being almost exclusively restricted to fossil Sphenisciformes (penguins). New avian remains (Ornithurae, Neornithes) from Middle-to-Late Eocene levels of the Estratos de Algarrobo unit, in Algarrobo, central Chile, are disclosed in the present work. These new finds are significant in representing the first non-spheniscid bird remains of Middle to Late Eocene age, recovered in mid-latitudes of the eastern Pacific and probably belonging to a procelarid. It complements the regional record of Eocene birds, previously known only at high-latitudes such as Seymour Island (Antarctica) and Magallanes (Chile), and low-latitude locations in Peru.
Regulation of ethanol‐mediated dopamine elevation by glycine receptors located on cholinergic interneurons in the nucleus accumbens

Alcohol use disorder is one of the major psychiatric disorders worldwide, and there are many factors and effects contributing to the disorder, for example, the experience of ethanol reward. The rewarding and reinforcing properties of ethanol have been linked to activation of the mesolimbic dopamine system, an effect that appears to involve glycine receptors (GlyRs) in the nucleus accumbens. On which neuronal subtypes these receptors are located is, however, not known. The aim of this study was to explore the role of GlyRs on cholinergic interneurons (CIN) in sustaining extracellular dopamine levels and in ethanol‐induced dopamine release. To this end, CIN were ablated by anti‐choline acetyltransferase‐saporin administered locally in the nucleus accumbens of male Wistar rats. Changes in dopamine levels induced by ablation, ethanol and/or a GlyR antagonist were monitored using in vivo microdialysis. The GlyRs antagonist strychnine depressed extracellular dopamine in a similar manner independent on local ablation, suggesting that GlyRs on CIN are not important for sustaining the extracellular dopamine tone. However, a low concentration of strychnine hampered ethanol‐induced dopamine release in sham‐treated animals, whilst no reduction was seen in ablated animals, suggesting that GlyRs located on CIN are involved in ethanol‐induced dopamine release. Further, in ablated rats, ethanol‐induced increases of the extracellular levels of the GlyR agonists glycine and taurine were attenuated. In conclusion, this study suggests that CIN are not important for GlyR‐mediated regulation of basal dopamine output, but that CIN ablation blunts the ethanol‐induced dopamine release, putatively by reducing the release of GlyR agonists.
Research on mechanical parts classification and recognition technology based on improved convolutional neural network YOLOv5

In the field of classification and recognition of mechanical parts, in order to solve the difficulties of small target detection, adhesion and overlapping parts classification and recognition, this paper proposes an automatic classification and recognition algorithm of mechanical parts based on improved convolutional neural network YOLOv5. The feature pyramid module PANet is added to the traditional YOLOv5 network structure to strengthen the characterization ability of the network. At the same time, NMS algorithm and image segmentation algorithm are used to improve the detection ability of network boundary segmentation, to improve the detection accuracy and recall rate. The experimental results show that both the traditional YOLOv5 and the improved YOLOv5 in this paper can realize the classification and identification of mechanical parts, and the improved YOLOv5 has better detection precision and accuracy, faster detection speed, and better network robustness.
Increased sensitivity of vegetation to soil moisture and its key mechanisms in the Loess Plateau, China

Soil moisture (SM) plays a crucial role in connecting various ecological processes in terrestrial ecosystems, as vegetation growth heavily relies on SM availability. Despite many studies evaluating the impacts of SM on vegetation activity, changes in vegetation sensitivity to SM are still poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated the spatiotemporal changes of vegetation sensitivity to SM across the Loess Plateau (LP) region from 1982 to 2010 using satellite‐based normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) and reanalysis SM data. Our results showed a significant increase in NDVI (slope = 0.0015/year, p < 0.001) and a slight decrease in SM (slope = −0.0001 m3/m3/year, p = 0.7) over the past 29 years, indicating a greening trend in the LP. By establishing a multiple linear model, we found that the sensitivity of vegetation dynamics to SM has significantly increased during the same period (slope = 0.029, p < 0.05). Spatially, vegetation in over half (51.2%) of the total area showed enhanced sensitivity to SM. Further analysis using the Lindeman–Merenda–Gold method showed that atmospheric CO2 was the major contributor (27.20%) to the sensitivity changes, followed by nitrogen deposition (23.70%) and air temperature (20.11%). Ecosystem structure changes (represented by non‐tree land cover fractions) and precipitation shifts contributed 16.13% and 12.83%, respectively, to sensitivity changes. These findings provide a better understanding of the spatiotemporal pattern and underlying mechanisms of ecosystem sensitivity to SM in the greening and warming LP.
Retrospective Analysis of Allergen Distribution Dynamics in Central Taiwan

Introduction: Allergy is a type Ⅰ hypersensitivity reaction to certain substances (allergens) such as environmental factors, food and drugs. Allergies are a significant public health issue, and therefore, understanding the distribution patterns of allergens in specific regions is important. This study aimed to retrospectively analyse allergen distribution patterns in Central Taiwan over a 5 years period (2018–2022). Methods: Data of patients who had allergen sensitization testing using the OPTIGEN® Allergen-Specific IgE Assay from the 1st of January 2018 to the 31st of December 2022 were reviewed retrospectively. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the prevalence and distribution of allergens in our study population. Results: A total of 8,444 patients (3,784 males and 4,660 females) who attended the Asia University Hospital for allergen detection were enrolled in this study. Dermatophagoides farina (41.8%), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (37.9%), house dust (24.6%), cockroach mix (17.7%), crab (12.6%), clam (9.8%), shrimp (9.1%), cat dander (8.1%), pig weed (8%) and peanut (7.8%) were identified as the ten allergens that most commonly induced sensitization in our study population. Additionally, crab, clam, shrimp, peanut and beef were the five most common food allergens. Conclusion: In summary, our findings contribute significantly to the knowledge on allergen distribution in Central Taiwan. Our identification of prevalent allergens may contribute to an improved understanding of the epidemiology of allergies in this region.
Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad

Migratory birds move geographically by tracking specific climatic conditions through time. However, we lack information about the climatic conditions birds are tracking, especially in intratropical migrants, whose movements are contained inside the tropics. The Yellow-green Vireo Vireo flavoviridis is an intratropical migrant whose migration patterns remain only partially documented and understood. Using GBIF presence records and WorldClim monthly climatic layers, we reconstructed ecological niche for Yellow-green Vireo’ reproductive and non-reproductive seasons. Then, we used a niche overlap analysis, based on a PCA-env approach and similarity tests, to assess overlap in climatic niches between seasons. We also projected climatic niches onto their spring and fall migration to evaluate the climatic conditions tracked by the species in transitional months. Overall, models revealed significant geographic inter-prediction between seasons. Similarity analyses showed partial niche overlap between seasons; however, they failed
Journal of Fibers and Polymer Composites

The multi-extruder printer allows to printing of different materials into one product. This paper experimented on multi-material lamination using PLA with rigid characteristics and Carbon-PLA with elastic characteristics. The flexural and shore hardness test was chosen to understand how two different materials affect each other. The results show that the different lamination performances affect the flexural strength. The highest flexural strength from 3 laminations was the CPC of 53.33 MPa, this is 3.03% lower than the PLA only and 37.9% higher than Carbon-PLA only. From the 2 laminate specimens the PC laminates achieved the highest flexural strength of 73.07 MPa, the value is 5.4% higher than the PLA only and 50.01% higher than Carbon-PLA only. The shore hardness value showed no significant changes between the lamination and 1 material only. It was also proved that lamination formation can increase the flexural strength or lead to detrimental results. This finding enables the designer of multi-material 3D printing to consider the formation of materials.
Restorasi Citra Dengan Image completion Berbasis Deep Learning

— Digital images can experience various disturbances in acquisition and storage, one of which is a disturbance indicated by damage to certain areas of the image field and causes the loss of some of the information represented by the image. One of the ways to restore an image experiencing disturbances like this is with image completion technology. Image completion is an image restoration technology capable of filling in or completing missing or corrupted parts of an image. Various methods have been developed for this image completion, starting from those based on basic image processing to the latest relying on artificial intelligence algorithms. This study aims to develop and implement an image completion model based on deep learning with the transfer learning method from the completion.net architecture. Using the Facesrub training dataset consisting of a collection of unique facial photos allows the model to understand facial attributes better. Compared to conventional image completion based on image patches, the method developed in this study can perform image filling in image gaps with more realistic results. Based on visual tests conducted on respondents, the results obtained enable respondents to understand all the information represented by the restored image, similar to the original image.
President's Message: Explain Yourself

I don’t know about you, but to me the world in which we live appears to be faster and more full of information than in years past. The pace of information being provided to us is increased by modern conveniences like television and the Internet. While it is amazing the speed with which we can receive information, I am concerned that the information is not getting processed properly. In some cases, I am convinced that the information provided is faulty.