Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Learning and Instruction: Theory into Practice

I. INTRODUCTION. 1. The Role of Theory in Learning and Instruction. 2. Early Behaviorist Theories. 3. Gestalt Psychology: The Cognitive Perspective. II. MAJOR TRENDS. 4. Influences on Theory and Research. 5. The Human Brain. III. LEARNING PROCESS THEORIES. 6. B.F. Skinners Operant Conditioning. 7. Robert Gagnes Conditions of Learning. 8. Cognitive Perspectives I: The Processing of Information. 9. Cognitive Perspectives II: Metacognition and Problem Solving. IV. COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT THEORIES. 10. Jean Piagets Cognitive Development Theory. 11. Lev S. Vygotskys Cultural-Historical Theory of Psychological Development. V. SOCIAL CONTEXT THEORIES. 12. Albert Banduras Social-Cognitive Learning Theory. 13. Cognitive Models and Theories of Academic Motivation. Epilogue. Glossary. Name Index. Subject Index.
Position drift compensation in time domain passivity based teleoperation

The Time Domain Passivity Control Approach is gathering interest in the robotics field. Simplicity and flexibility and the fact that system design emerges from ideal cases make it a powerful stability tool for teleoperation systems. Communication time delay is an inherent attribute of nearly every realistic teleoperation system. Unless the communication channel guarantees transmission delays of less than the system sampling time, the delay must be considered in the design in order to guarantee stability and satisfy a desired degree of performance. In previous work it has been shown how passivity can be considered in the time domain and how control rules are derived from it in order to dissipate the energy produced by the delayed communication. However, a weakness of these approaches is the impossibility of observing the exact amount of energy stored in the communication channel due to its delayed nature. A passive estimation is therefore needed which outcomes in an over-dissipation and in turn impacts on transparency. In constrained communications over-dissipation may become apparent in the form of a non-neglectful position drift between master and slave. This paper tackles the over-dissipative behavior of the Passivity Controller by resembling the energetic behavior of an ideal communication, i.e. where no delay is present and the transmission is lossless. Thus, the communication channel is not just controlled to be passive, as has been the case up to now, but also lossless. Energy can be dissipated to prevent activity, but activity can be also produced to prevent dissipative behaviors. The approach is sustained with experimental results.
FOR LIDAR IMAGE MATCHING

LIght Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) data is available in a point cloud corresponding to long overlapping strips on the ground. The percentage of overlap in these LiDAR strips varies between 10 and 30. The strips are unregistered with respect to each other. Any further interpretation or study of the whole area requires registration of these strips with respect to each other. This process is called strip-adjustment. Traditionally, LiDAR point clouds are matched and strip-adjusted using techniques based on iterative closest point (ICP) or modifications of the same, which as the name suggests, runs over multiple iterations. Iterative algorithms, however, are time consuming and this paper offers a solution to the problem. In this paper, point correspondences are found on overlapping strips so that they can be registered with each other. We introduce a new method for point matching on LiDAR data. Our algorithm combines the power of LiDAR elevation data with a keypoint detector and descriptor that is based on the Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) method. The keypoint detector finds interesting keypoints in the LiDAR intensity image from the SIFT keypoints; a unique signature of each keypoint is then obtained by examining a patch surrounding that point in the elevation image. Histograms of subdivisions of the patch are set as the keypoint descriptor. Once all the keypoints and descriptors are obtained for two overlapping patches, correspondences are found using the nearest neighbor distance ratio method.
Activities and impairments in the early stage of rehabilitation after Colles' fracture

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate problems in performing activities after Colles' fracture, and to correlate activity limitations with impairments in the early stage of rehabilitation. Method: Assessments were performed 1 and 5 weeks after removing plaster casts. A client-specific instrument, The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, and a disease-specific dichotomous scale of 10 activities of daily living were used. Range of motion, grip strength, pain and dexterity were also assessed according to standardized methods. Results: Thirty-three women, aged 51 – 87 years, with Colles' fracture treated with closed reduction and a plaster cast participated. Highly significant statistical and clinical improvements were found in the capacity, number and performance of activities. Problems were mainly classified as self-care activities at 1 week, and as productivity activities at 5 weeks, while problems in leisure activities were practically the same. However, one-third of the patients were not able to perform all basic activities of daily living at 5 weeks. Improvements in pain frequency, range of motion, grip strength and dexterity did not correlate very well with improvements in performance or the patients' satisfaction with the performance of their activities. Conclusions: The importance of assessing both impairments and activities in patients with Colles' fracture must be stressed.
Peaceful awareness in patients with advanced cancer.

BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that prognostic awareness may be harmful to mental health yet beneficial for end of life care planning. The effects of prognostic awareness coupled with a sense of inner peace are unknown. METHODS In the multisite, longitudinal Coping with Cancer Study, 280 patients with advanced cancer were interviewed at baseline. Patients defining themselves as "terminally ill" and/or "at peace" most days were paired with others on sociodemographic, mental health and advance care planning. Primary caregivers of deceased patients were interviewed 6 months postloss and compared on their physical and mental health and their perceptions of patients' end-of-life care and death. RESULTS Overall, 17.5% of patients reported being both peaceful and aware. Peacefully aware patients had lower rates of psychological distress and higher rates of advance care planning (e.g., completing do-not-resuscitate [DNR] orders, advance care planning discussions with physicians) than those who were not peacefully aware. Additionally, peacefully aware patients had the highest overall quality of death as reported by their caretakers in a postmortem evaluation. Surviving caregivers of peacefully aware patients were more physically and mentally healthy 6 months postloss than caregivers of patients who were "aware" but not peaceful. CONCLUSIONS Patients with advanced cancer who are peacefully aware have better mental health and quality of death outcomes, and their surviving caregivers have better bereavement outcomes. Peaceful awareness is associated with modifiable aspects of medical care (e.g., discussions about terminal treatment preferences).
Drooling and its Management in Cerebral Palsy

publications on observer variability. ’ Journal of Chronic Diseases, 38, 619-632. 15. Amiel-Tison, C. , Ellison, P. (1986) ‘Birth asphyxia in the fullterm newborn: early assessment and outcome. ’ Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 28, 671-682. 16. Lipper, E. G. , Voorhies, T. M. , Ross, G. , Vannucci, R . C. , Auld, P . A. (1986) ‘Early predictors of one-year outcome for infants asphyxiated at birth. ’ Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 28, 303-309. 17. Lacoius-Petruccelli, A. (1987) Perinatal Asphyxia. New York: Plenum. 18. Robertson, C. , Finer, N. (1985) ‘Term infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: outcome at 3.5 years. ’ Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 27, 473-484. 19. Adsett, D. B . , Fitz, C . R. , Hill, A. (1985) ‘Hypoxic-ischaemic cerebral injury in the term newborn: correlation of C T Findings with neurological outcome. ’ Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 27, 155-160. 20. Hagberg, G. , Hagberg, B. , Olow, I. (1976) ‘The changing panorama of cerebral palsy in Sweden 1954-1970. 111: The importance of
Idiocentric and allocentric profile, gender schemas of self-concept, and subjective social status of judo athletes

Background & Study Aim: The aim of elite sports is to achieve improved performance, which is modulated for psychological aspects. The main objective of this study was to identify the idiocentric-allocentric profile, gender schemas of self-concept, and subjective social status of judo athletes. Material & Methods: The study included 63 athletes (35 male and 28 female) with a mean age of 21.86 ±6.77 and 19.46 ±4.24 years, respectively. The Idiocentric-Allocentric Profile Inventory (I-A Profile), the Gender Schemas of Self-Concept Inventory, and the MacArthur Scale of Subjective Social Status were administered. Data were analysed in SPSS version 20.0 and descriptive statistics were calculated using absolute and relative frequencies, the chi-square test, and Fisher’s exact test (p<0.05). Results: There is no congruency between biological sex and gender schemas or between combat individual sport and collectivist/individualist profile among judo athletes in Santa Catarina, Brazil. In general, the subjects showed a predominant collectivist profile followed by the collectivist/individualist profile. In terms of gender schemas, most athletes classified themselves as having a masculine/feminine profile, followed by a masculine profile. With regard to the family subjective social status and the social position within the sports club, the judo athletes ranked themselves as upper and middle class. The female participants were more satisfied with their social status than the male athletes were. Conclusions: We recommend further research in other Brazilian states and other countries using the same variables and instruments as this study in order to enhance the psychosocial profile of judo athletes and propose new strategies for improved performance considering the idiocentric-allocentric profile, gender schemas of self-concept, and the subjective social status of athletes of both genders.
APLIKASI AKUNTANSI BERBASIS ANDROID UNTUK MENYUSUN LAPORAN KEUANGAN PADA UMKM (Studi Kasus pada Usaha Konveksi “Very Convection”)

Abstrak Perkembangan era revolusi industri 4.0 berdampak pada berbagai hal, salah satunya adalah pada Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM). UMKM adalah salah satu sektor usaha di Indonesia yang dikenal tangguh karena terbukti dapat bertahan meskipun dalam kondisi krisis ekonomi. Meskipun demikian, para pelaku usaha tetap harus mengantisipasi perubahan yang sangat cepat terjadi pada era revolusi industry 4.0. Selama ini, salah satu masalah UMKM adalah kesulitan dalam menyusun laporan keuangan. Aplikasi akuntansi adalah salah satu wujud perkembangan teknologi di bidang akuntansi. Saat ini terdapat beberapa aplikasi akuntansi berbasis android yang bertujuan untuk memudahkan pelaku usaha dalam menyusun laporan keuangan, salah satunya adalah aplikasi akuntansi “UKM-ID”. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif untuk memberikan ulasan yang diperoleh. Pendekatan penelitian deskriptif dalam penelitian ini hanya sebatas membuat deskripsi tentang fenomena di lapangan sedangkan pendekatan kuantitatif dalam penelitian ini digunakan untuk membuat deskripsi tentang penggunaan aplikasi akuntansi berbasis android untuk menyusun laporan keuangan pada usaha “Very Convection”. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi akuntansi berbasis android “Akuntansi UKM” dapat diterapkan dan membantu usaha “Very Convection” dalam menyusun laporan keuangan sesuai dengan standar akuntansi yang ditetapkan.
Staphylococcus saprophyticus r-Lactamase Production andDisk Diffusion Susceptibility Testing forThreer-Lactam Antimicrobial Agents

strains were susceptible (zone size, >29mm)bydiskdiffusion techniques. Although therangeofzonesizes for,lactamase producers was broad(26to36mm),all38strains with a zonesize of<31mm bydiskdiffusion testing were 3-lactamase producers compared with17(59%)of29withlarger zonesizes (P= 0.0000008). The medianpenicillin MICfor12S.saprophyticus strains was 0.25,g/mlandwas notrelated to(-lactamase production. Although themethicillin MICsfor15strains were inthesusceptible range (4.0,Ig/ml), interpretation ofdiskdiffusion testing foroxacillin varied greatly among laboratories usingidentically prepared mediaandstandardized techniques. Criteria presently usedtodefine susceptibility ofStaphylococcus aureus topenicillin andoxacillin bydiskdiffusion are inappropriate forS.saprophyticus. Theclinical significance ofthel-lactamase produced bythese strains needs further evaluation. Staphylococcus saprophyticus, a coagulase-negative staphylococcus, isa common cause ofacuteurinary infections inyoung women (3,6,15). Unlike mostother coagulase-negative staphylococci, S.saprophyticus strains are reported tobeuniformly susceptible to most antibiotics active against gram-positive organisms (3,9,15). Yet,ina recentstudy ofurinary infections withthis organism among college women (6), we foundthatthemajority ofstrains were notsusceptible topenicillin andmethicillin bydisk diffusion (DD)techniques, butwere susceptible tocephalothin. Toexplain this observation, we assessed theprevalence ofP-lactamase production among strains ofS.saprophyticus, determined theMICsofpenicillin, methicillin, and cephalothin forthesestrains, andcorrelated these results withsusceptibility testing byDD.
Edge AI-Based Automated Detection and Classification of Road Anomalies in VANET Using Deep Learning

Road surface defects are crucial problems for safe and smooth traffic flow. Due to climate changes, low quality of construction material, large flow of traffic, and heavy vehicles, road surface anomalies are increasing rapidly. Detection and repairing of these defects are necessary for the safety of drivers, passengers, and vehicles from mechanical faults. In this modern era, autonomous vehicles are an active research area that controls itself with the help of in-vehicle sensors without human commands, especially after the emergence of deep learning (DNN) techniques. A combination of sensors and DNN techniques can be useful for unmanned vehicles for the perception of their surroundings for the detection of tracks and obstacles for smooth traveling based on the deployment of artificial intelligence in vehicles. One of the biggest challenges for autonomous vehicles is to avoid the critical road defects that may lead to dangerous situations. To solve the accident issues and share emergency information, the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) introduced the concept of vehicular network termed as vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) for achieving security and safety in a traffic flow. A novel mechanism is proposed for the automatic detection of road anomalies by autonomous vehicles and providing road information to upcoming vehicles based on Edge AI and VANET. Road images captured via camera and deployment of the trained model for road anomaly detection in a vehicle could help to reduce the accident rate and risk of hazards on poor road conditions. The techniques Residual Convolutional Neural Network (ResNet-18) and Visual Geometry Group (VGG-11) are applied for the automatic detection and classification of the road with anomalies such as a pothole, bump, crack, and plain roads without anomalies using the dataset from different online sources. The results show that the applied models performed well than other techniques used for road anomalies identification.
Constraining and applying a generic high-density equation of state

We discuss the “constant speed of sound” (CSS) parameterization of the equation of state of high density matter, and its application to the Field Correlator Method (FCM) model of quark matter. We show how observational constraints on the maximum mass and typical radius of neutron stars are expressed as constraints on the CSS parameters. We find that the observation of a 2 M star already severely constrains the CSS parameters, and is particularly difficult to accommodate if the squared speed of sound in the high density phase is assumed to be around 1=3 or less. We show that the FCM equation of state can be accurately represented by the CSS parameterization. We display the mapping between the FCM and CSS parameters, and see that FCM only allows equations of state in a restricted subspace of the CSS parameters. There are many models of matter at density significantly above nuclear saturation density, each with their own parameters. In studying the equation of state (EoS) of matter in this regime it is therefore useful to have a general parameterization of the EoS which can be used as a generic language for relating different models to each other and for expressing experimental constraints in model-independent terms. In this work we use the previously proposed “Constant Speed of Sound” (CSS) parameterization [1‐3]). We show how mass and radius observations can be expressed in terms of the CSS parameters. We then analyze a specific example, where the high-density matter is quark matter described by a model based on the Field Correlator Method (Sec. IV), showing how its parameters can be mapped on to the CSS parameter space, and how it is constrained by currently available observations of neutron stars. The CSS parameterization is applicable to high-density equations of state for which: (a) there is a sharp interface between nuclear matter and a high-density phase which we will call “quark matter”, even when (as in Sec. II) we do not make any assumptions about its physical nature; (b) the speed of sound in the high-density matter is pressure-independent for pressures ranging from the first-order transition pressure up to the maximum central pressure of neutron stars. One can then write the high-density EoS in terms of three parameters: the pressure ptrans of the transition, the discontinuity in energy density De at the transition, and the speed of sound c QM in the high-density phase. For a given nuclear matter EoS eNM(p), the full EoS is then e(p) = eNM(p)
Breast screening, chicken sexing and the search for oil: challenges for visual cognition

Abstract Interpretation of images of the Earth’s subsurface is a process whereby humans perceived and categorize visual features derived from seismic data. The seismic data are presented in the form of vertical slices showing points of change in some variable being measured (e.g. acoustic impedance) and horizontal slices showing surfaces interpolated between values at a particular time or horizon across multiple vertical slices. These images are usually highly complex and their nature has been determined largely by the technical capabilities of the hardware and software of the imaging technology. Because of these constraints, we argue, images do not convey information as readily as they could. We believe that these images could be more informative if they were constructed and tailored with known properties of the human visual system. Furthermore, little or no consideration has been given to the training and selection for image interpretation vis-à-vis the fundamental psychological skills that distinguish good from poor interpreters. In this paper we argue that tailoring images to the human visual system and developing working practices that eliminate biases will improve the detection of subtle features related to hydrocarbon traps. Furthermore, establishing training procedures that enhance the visual system’s ability to detect and encode hydrocarbon traps, and creating selection procedures that select individuals with excellent visual imagery skills will also facilitate performance.
Does the interaction between partnership status and average progesterone level reliably predict women's preferences for facial masculinity? Comment on Marcinkowska et al. (2018)

Many studies have attempted to identify biological factors that reliably predict individual differences in women’s preferences for masculine male faces. Marcinkowska et al. (2018 Hormones & Behavior) recently reported that women’s (N=102) preferences for facial masculinity were predicted by the interaction between their relationship status (partnered versus unpartnered) and average progesterone level. Because previous findings for betweenwomen differences in masculinity preferences have often not replicated well, we attempted to replicate Marcinkowska et al’s result in an open data set from another recent study that had not tested this hypothesis (Jones et al., 2018 Psychological Science). In this sample of 316 women, we found that facial masculinity preferences were predicted by the interaction between women’s relationship status and average progesterone level, consistent with Marcinkowska et al’s results. Together, these findings suggest that the combined effects of relationship status and average progesterone level predict facial masculinity preferences relatively reliably. Introduction Masculine facial characteristics in men are hypothesized to signal good genes for immuncompetence and/or dominance, while also signaling antisocial tendencies, such as unwillingness to invest time and other resources in romantic relationships (Little et al., 2011; Penton-Voak et al., 2003). Because characteristics of the perceiver may influence how women resolve this putative trade off between the costs and benefits of choosing a masculine mate (Little et al., 2011; Penton-Voak et al., 2003), many researchers have sought to identify biological factors that might reliably predict individual differences in women’s preferences for facial masculinity (see Zietsch et al., 2015 for a recent review). Several recent, high-powered studies (e.g., Dixson et al., 2018; Jones et al., 2018; Marcinkowska et al., 2018; Zietsch et al., 2015) have reported that women’s preferences for facial masculinity do not appear to track withinindividual changes in women’s hormone levels in the way that some matepreference theories have proposed (Gangestad & Simpson, 2000; Penton-
Designing Optimal Experiments to Discriminate Interaction Graph Models

Modern methods for the inference of cellular networks from experimental data often express nondeterminism by proposing an ensemble of candidate models with similar properties. To further discriminate among these model candidates, new experiments need to be carried out. Theoretically, the number of possible experiments is exponential in the number of possible perturbations. In praxis, experiments are expensive and usually there exist several constraints limiting which experiments can be performed. Limiting factors may exist on the combinations of perturbations that are technically possible, which components can be measured, and limitations on the number of affordable experiments. Further, not all experiments are equally well suited to discriminate model candidates. Therefore, the goal of optimal experiment design is to determine those experiments that discriminate most of the candidates while minimizing the costs. We present an approach for experiment planning with interaction graph models and sign consistency methods. This new approach can be used in combination with methods for network inference and consistency checking. The proposed method determines experiments which are most suitable to deliver results that reduce the number of candidate models. We applied our method to study the Erythropoietin signal transduction in human kidney cells HEK293. We first used simulated experiment data from an ODE model to demonstrate in silico that our experimental design results in the inference of the gold standard model. Finally, we used the approach to plan in vivo experiments that enabled us to discriminate model candidates for the Erythropoietin signal transduction in this cell line.