Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Low-Cost Hardware Design Approach for Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)

Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) has become commonly used for problems with a sequence of data. Hardware implementation of LSTM is a challenge for lightweight applications. This paper proposes an optimized LSTM method with few hardware components. The proposed method utilizes one sigmoid function to perform both input and output gates. The proposed method also utilizes one shared adder instead of two adders to perform the accumulation function for both the input and output gates. This unit performs the two functions in a sequence based on a selection signal which is used as a guide. The proposed method is tested using two datasets: MNIST and IMDB. The simulation results show the proposed method achieves the desired performance in classification compared similarly to the traditional method with a few hardware units. The proposed method is implemented using VHDL on Altera Arria 10 GX FPGA. The simulation results show that the proposed method utilizes fewer resources than the traditional method. The proposed method has a 16% area reduction compared to the traditional method. The proposed method has a power consumption of al.546 W while the traditional method consumes 1.847 W. Thus, the proposed method is suitable for lightweight applications with low hardware costs and desired performance.
Experimental study and modelling of unsteady aerodynamic forces and moment on flat plate in high amplitude pitch ramp motion

This paper examines the unsteady lift, drag and moment coefficients experienced by a thin airfoil in high-amplitude pitch ramp motion. Experiments have been carried out in a wind tunnel at moderate Reynolds number ( $Re\approx 1.45\times 10^{4}$ ), using a rigid flat-plate model. Forces and moments have been measured for reduced pitch rates ranging from 0.01 to 0.18, four maximum pitch angles ( $30^{\circ },45^{\circ },60^{\circ },90^{\circ }$ ) and different pivot axis locations between the leading and the trailing edge. Results confirm that for reduced pitch rates lower than 0.03, the unsteady aerodynamics is limited to a stall delay effect. For higher pitch rates, the unsteady response is dominated by a buildup of the circulation, which increases with the pitch rate and the absolute distance between the pivot axis and the $3/4$ -chord location. This circulatory effect induces an overshoot in the normal force and moment coefficients, which is slightly reduced for a flat plate with a finite aspect ratio close to 8 in comparison with the two-dimensional configuration. A new time-dependent model has been tested for both the normal force and moment coefficients. It is mainly based on the superposition of step responses, using the Wagner function and a time-varying input that accounts for the nonlinear variation of the steady aerodynamics, the pivot point location and an additional circulation which depends on the pitch rate. When compared with experiments, it gives satisfactory results for $0^{\circ }$ to $90^{\circ }$ pitch ramp motion and captures the main effect of reduced pitch rate and pivot point location.
Spherical Transformer for LiDAR-based 3D Recognition Supplementary Material

1. Analysis of Efficiency and Parameters As shown in Table 1, we demonstrate the performance and inference time, as well as parameters when our proposed module is inserted into different stages. From the Experiments I and VI, we notice that the inference time and parameters only increase 3.9 ms and 0.9 M, respectively, when only inserting SphereFormer into the stage 5. Also, when inserted into any single stage, SphereFormer improves the result by a large margin, at a low cost of both speed and parameters. Note that the inference time is yielded by forwarding a single random scene of nuScenes val set into a single RTX 3090 GPU. Also, we make a comparison with Cylinder3D [5] on SemanticKITTI, as illustrated in Table 2. It is worth noting that our method outperforms Cylinder3D in both efficiency and model size, which demonstrates the superiority of our method.
A quadratic programming approach to find faces in robust nonnegative matrix factorization

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a popular dimensionality reduction technique because it is easily interpretable and can discern useful features. For a given matrix M ∈ Rn×m whose entries are nonnegative and an integer r smaller than both n and m, NMF is the problem of finding nonnegative matrices A ∈ Rn×r and W ∈ Rr×m such that M = AW . The matrix M could be noisy, in which case one seeks a robust algorithm that solves M ≈ AW . The nonnegativity constraint in NMF has wide applications [19] in data science problems like document clustering [31, 41], facial feature extraction [25, 31], hyperspectral unmixing [32] etc. Geometrically, the rows of M can be viewed as a set of points in R. If we think of the rows of W as the vertices of an (unknown) W -simplex, then the data points lie in this W -simplex. Therefore, NMF asks us to deduce the vertices of the simplex given the data points. NMF is a computationally hard problem [23] though certain assumptions like separability lead to polynomial time algorithms [1, 2, 35]. This assumes that all the vertices of the unknown simplex are already present as data points. In practice, this is not true in many settings [20]. Ge and Zou [17] assumed subset separability which uses higher dimensional structures and gave a polynomial time algorithm to find the NMF robustly. In this thesis, we effectively replace one of their key algorithms that finds faces. We show a quadratic programming based approach which is efficient and can be employed in practice. Under bounded noise, our algorithm finds the faces of the simplex which contain enough data points, thus helping in finding the NMF.
Role of Smart Phone Addiction, Fear of Missing Out on Perceived Competence among Secondary and Intermediate Students

The main goal of the study was to investigate the effects of SPA (smart-phone-addiction), FOMO (fear-of-missing-out) on PC (perceived competence) among secondary and intermediate students. The sample was comprised of 200 students from Multan's secondary and intermediate levels, their age range was 15 to 18 years old. The purposive sampling technique was used. The measure of smart phone addiction by Kwon et al. (2013) consisted of 10 items, Przybyiski et al. (2013) 10 items FOMO intervention, Ozer et al. (2016) PC (perceived-competence) scale consisting of 40 items were employed. Results indicated that smart phone addiction positively correlated with Fear-of-Missing-Out and had a negative relation with Fear-of-Missing-Out & PC (perceived competence). SPA (Smart-phone-addiction) has a significant impact on the fear of missing out. Smart-phone-addiction has an insignificant impact on perceived competence of cognitive, social and physical subscales through mediating effect of fear of missing out. Smartphone addiction has a significant impact on perceived competence of general self-worth and learning through mediation of fear-of-missing-out.
Towards Corporate Responsibility: Critical Success Factors for social projects developed by Brazilian companies

Corporate Social Responsibility is a new reality for businesses and can be understood through the analysis of organizational actions in three areas, namely: economic, social and environmental. Its operationalization occurs through social projects and cases presented by the literature can greatly contribute to the definition of factors that lead these projects to success. Through a systematic literature review, 51 articles were selected and, as a result, 13 Critical Success Factors were listed. These factors were used to structure a questionnaire and a survey was applied to 29 professionals with experience in social projects developed by Brazilian companies. From the collected data, it was possible to define the most relevant Critical Success Factors, as follows: ability to properly define the scope of each project developed; integrate the social project developed with the company’s strategy; ability to identify stakeholders’ needs; ability to analyse risks that may compromise the success of the initiative; identify and involve stakeholders outside the organization and grant financial resources to meet the project’s needs. This research is an exploratory study and can contribute to amplification of the debates about social projects developed by companies.
PRODUCT INNOVATION AND THE SURVIVAL OF SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISES IN ABIA STATE

The emergence of innovation in small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) is vital to achieve economic growth. Hence, product innovations in attaining competitive advantage to achieve desired level of economic growth in Nigeria have recently emerged as one of the most significant subjects in the context of the common marketplace. This made it imperative for the study to conduct an analysis of the Role of Product Innovation on Small and Medium Scale in Abia State of Nigeria. Primary data sourced from selected SMEs clusters in Aba, Abia State were used for the study. The study utilized Pearson correlation technique and Z-test analytical techniques in investigating the role of product innovation on the survival of Small and Medium Enterprises in Abia State. The study based on the results revealed that there is a weak positive relationship of about 34% between product innovation improving the productivity of SMEs in Nigeria and product innovation by SMEs attracting government support in Nigeria within the study period. The study further revealed that the most relevant influence on business competitiveness for the SMEs is the defensive strategies. The study therefore recommended that government should encourage innovative SMEs development through the provision of incentives to SMEs and standing as a guarantor for loans given to aspiring entrepreneurs and innovators.
Abel-Cayley-Hurwitz multinomial expansions

A forest F of rooted trees may be associated with a certain product: each vertex i contributes the factor x d i i where x i is a formal variable associated with vertex i and d i is the number of edges incident with vertex i and leading away from the root of the tree containing i in F . A multinomial expression for the sum of the products associated with all forests F with vertex set S and root set R , R ⊆ S , can readily be deduced from a version of Cayley’s formula or from ﬁrst principles. By using this result to enumerate forests with various properties, the author develops a number of identities of the Hurwitz and Abel type. Related material
A Digital Identity in the Hands of Swiss Citizens

The Swiss law on electronic identity (LSIE) was rejected on March 7, 2021. Its opponents accused it of involving private companies which could thus collect citizens’ data and store them centrally. Six motions with identical wording were tabled on March 10, 2021: they all ask the Swiss Federal Council to set up a state-run system allowing citizens to prove their identity online in complete confidence. They stipulate that only necessary information is collected and stored in a decentralized manner. The Swiss Federal Council has recommended to Parliament to approve these motions on May 26, 2021, and wishes to propose a new e-ID solution responding to citizens’ concerns as soon as possible. The Federal Department of Justice and Police has been asked to draw up a first draft presenting several technical solutions and specifying their respective costs. Following the publication of a working document on September 2, 2021, a public consultation was opened. It ended on October 14, 2021, with a public debate organized at the Government House in Bern and broadcasted live on a virtual platform. Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI) is one of the solutions identified during this process. It gives the citizens control of their electronic identity: they hold credentials issued by public administrations and choose the data they wish to disclose when they authenticate with a service (they can for example prove that they are over 18 without specifying their exact date of birth). We propose here a decentralized and user-centric e-ID system based on SSI principles. Our solution embraces an open-source philosophy, fostering transparency and community involvement. We employ blockchain technology as a design pattern to establish trust and ensure the immutability of identity-related data. By design, our solution ensures the right to be forgotten by exclusively storing the digests of verifiable credentials on the blockchain. To demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of our SSI solution, we have developed a proof of concept leveraging the Partisia blockchain.
Visual Servoing/Tracking Using Central Catadioptric Cameras

Visual control of robot motion may bene(cid:12)t from enhanced camera (cid:12)eld of view. With traditional cameras the available (cid:12)elds of view are only enough to view a region around the observed object (for eye-in-hand systems) or around the end-e(cid:11)ector (for independent-eye systems). Central catadioptric systems have larger (cid:12)elds of view thus allowing the entire robot AND the surrounding objects to be imaged with a unique camera. Therefore, the whole robot’s articulated mechanism can be observed and its joints can be tracked and controlled simultenously. This results in a new visual robot control concept where tracking and control are embedded together. Key to the understanding of both servoing and tracking is the central catadioptric Jacobian matrix linking the robot’s joint velocities to image observations. In spite of a more complex projection matrix associated with catadioptric sensors, we study the catadioptric Jacobian matrix and we show that it does not introduce any additional singularity with respect to the traditional pinhole camera model. Experiments showing a rigid body being tracked with a catadioptric camera are described.
Eating disorders in men – epidemiology, determinants and treatment. A narrative review of empirical evidence

: The paper examines the issues of epidemiology, conditions, and treatment of eating disorders in men which are not widely recognised in either Polish and other International research. The aim of this paper is to provide an narrative overview of published research to date on the epidemiology, determinants and treatment of eating disorders in males, to discuss some of the differences reported in studies of self-identified gender disparities, and differences in comparison to the literature on female eating disorders. The prevalence and extent of the issue is underestimated by those affected and by clinicians. Consequently, men suffering from eating disorders (EDs) are less likely to be recognised or to receive appropriated timely help. This paper is based on a narrative review analysis of research reports on EDs. The authors discuss the issue of EDs in the context of gender, indicating how self-identified gender can affect clinical presentation (including somatic selfperception, and the methods employed and motives in striving for a ‘perfect’ figure) and how these relate. Both the methods used in collecting data on eating disorders and the precision of diagnostic criteria for recognising eating disorders (mainly anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa) (both on the DSM and ICD systems) are based largely on research conducted in female clinical populations. Analysis of the empirical material to date leads us to assume that symptoms of EDs in men are more often (than in the case of women) related to (self)stigmatisation, difficulties in obtaining a correct diagnosis, coexistent body dysmorphic disorders, substance addictions, and greater physical activity. ’
Features of the image of the psychological trauma in modern textual constructions

: The aim of this article is to research the psychological trauma of a person who has experienced extreme events and gained psychotraumatic experience. Modern humanities understand the problem of injury in several aspects. One of the topical issues is the representation of psychotraumatic events through the involvement of aesthetic experience. The relevance of this paper is due to the fact that an important component of safe human life is to solve problems related to experiencing mental trauma and healing a person from it. The leading research method was the method of analysis of research sources. Also, in the research, the authors used the method of synthesis, observation, modeling. To describe the narrative of psychological trauma, the authors set out the theoretical foundations of the toolkit. The authors' view on the negative consequences of the traumas of war in their further psychological, physiological, and social development was presented. The main ways of reflecting individual and collective traumas were also analyzed, and artistic strategies of detraumatization were pointed out. As a result of the study, generalized conclusions were formed about the role of narrative practices in the formation of the historical and individual experiences of overcoming psychological trauma.
Leveraging Episodic Memory to Improve World Models for Reinforcement Learning

Poor sample efficiency plagues the practical applicability of deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms, especially compared to biological intelligence. In order to close the gap, previous work have proposed to augment the RL framework with an analogue of biological episodic memory, leading to the emerging field of “episodic control". Episodic memory refers to the ability to recollect individual events independent of the slower process of learning accumulated statistics, and evidence suggests that humans can use episodic memory for planning. Existing attempts to integrate episodic memory components into RL agents have mostly focused on the model-free domain, leaving scope for investigating their roles under the model-based settings. Here we propose the E pisodic M emory Module for W orld M odels (EMWM) to aid learning of world-model transitions, instead of value functions for standard Episodic-RL. The EMWM stores latent state transitions that have high prediction-error under the model as memories, and uses linearly interpolated memories when the model shows high epistemic uncertainty. Memo-ries are dynamically updated with a timescale reflecting their continual surprise and uncertainty. Implemented in combination with existing world-model agents, the EMWM produces a boost in performance over baseline agents on complex Atari games such as Montezuma’s Revenge. Our results indicate that the EMWM can temporarily fill in gaps while a world model is being learned, giving significant advantages in complex environments where such learning is slow.
ELECTIVES SUBJECTS IN ZIMBABWEAN HIGH SCHOOLS: EXAMINING INFLUENTIAL ATTRIBUTES FOR PROSPECTIVE STUDENTS FOR HOME ECONOMICS AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN MASVINGO

: - This interpretive inquiry sought to establish the factors that influence selection of Home Economics (H.E) and Physical Education (P.E) as elective subjects (electives) in Zimbabwean High Schools. The study employed a descriptive case study research design. A sample of forty (40) participants comprising twenty-four students and sixteen teachers was randomly selected from four (4) schools in Masvingo district. In-depth face-to-face interviews and focus group discussions were used to collect data. The major finding of the study was the failure by government and stakeholders to adequately fund H.E. and P.E. electives, consequently making the subject more expensive for the parents hence, discouraging students from selecting the subjects. Lack of funding exposes schools to inadequate facilities leaving the schools resorting to theoretical instruction. The study recommends that resource provisions for electives be improved in order to minimise practical fees and attract takers for the elective subjects.
Accelerated Iterated Filtering

Simulation-based inferences have attracted much attention in recent years, as the direct computation of the likelihood function in many real-world problems is difficult or even impossible. Iterated filtering (Ionides, Bretó, and King 2006; Ionides, Bhadra, Atchadé,and King 2011) enables maximization of likelihood function via model perturbations and approximation of the gradient of loglikelihood through sequential Monte Carlo filtering. By an application of Stein’s identity, Doucet, Jacob, and Rubenthaler (2013) developed asecond-order approximation of the gradient of log-likelihood using sequential Monte Carlo smoothing. Based on these gradient approximations, we develop a new algorithm for maximizing the likelihood using the Nesterov accelerated gradient. We adopt the accelerated inexact gradient algorithm (Ghadimi and Lan 2016) to iterated filtering framework, relaxing the unbiased gradient approximation condition. We devise a perturbation policy for iterated filtering, allowing the new algorithm to converge at an optimal rate for both concave and non-concave log-likelihood functions. It is comparable to the recently developed Bayes map iterated filtering approach and outperforms the original iterated filtering approach.
Effect of low-intensity plyometrics and eccentric training programs on pain, strength and function in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A randomized control trial protocol

Meniscus degeneration, synovial inflammation, subchondral bone changes, and cartilage loss serve as the best indicators of osteoarthritis (OA). The most prevalent type of joint conditions, OA, impairs mobility, lowers quality of life, and limits participation in social activities. Although pain is the primary concern for the majority of patients, clinical symptoms also include joint stiffness, discomfort, and dysfunction. There is enough data to draw the conclusion that physiotherapy treatments can reduce knee OA patients’ pain and enhance their functional capabilities. Two treatment methods that are particularly effective and advantageous for people with knee OA are plyometrics and eccentric training programmes. Our study will compare the impact of eccentric training programmes and low-intensity plyometric training programmed on pain, strength, and function in patients with Grade 1 and Grade 2 knee OA. In this study, the following outcome measures will be utilised: the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and the Two Minute Walk Test, as our final performance measures for pain and function, respectively. We will determine strength by using portable hand-held dynamometers. Through this study, we will be able to create a plyometric training regimen that can be given to individuals with knee osteoarthritis to improve their physical well-being and athletic performance. These training programmes would be highly effective in such patients, in addition to conventional treatment. Registration number: CTRI/2023/06/053657