Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Short-Term Preseason Skill-Based Conditioning on Physiological Characteristics in Elite Female Volleyball Players

This study aimed to investigate the benefits of short-term preseason skill-based conditioning on the physiological characteristics of female volleyball players from the first-division volleyball league over four weeks of training. Twelve female volleyball players (18.33±3.47 years; 177.25±5.28 cm; 65.38±5.93 kg) completed four weeks of game-related drills combined with physical conditioning. Physiological characteristics were measured using a 20-m shuttle run test: average heart rate (HR avg ), maximum heart rate (HR max ), the maximum number of breaths (BR max ), maximum oxygen consumption (VO 2max ), maximum excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC max ) and maximum of metabolic equivalent (MET max ). Data collection and extraction were administrated using heart rate monitors and Firstbeat Sports software. After an initial evaluation (T 0 ), the players were tested after the fourth week of the training cycle (T 1 ). Heart rate average (HR avg ) decreased (-1.9%; p=0.046), maximum metabolic equivalent (MET max ) (14.2%; p<0.001) and maximum oxygen consumption (VO 2max ) (14.1%; p<0.001) increased respectively. The results suggest that the volleyball players continued improving their physiological characteristics during the study. Finally, as a major application, these data provide normative standards of physiological characteristics in the preseason for female volleyball players.
Recreation Elasticities of Mountain Snowpack and 1 Implications for a Changing Climate

7 Many mountain towns rely on climate amenities such as wintertime precipitation to 8 generate local economic activity. However, climate models predict large reductions 9 in annual snowfall that could greatly reduce the recreational value of these markets. 10 Harnessing a unique panel of daily transactions from the short-term property rental 11 market, we combine daily weather, daily resort snowpack, and daily resort snowfall 12 to estimate the causal effect of changes in resort snowpack on visitation in 219 resort 13 markets across the United States. We make three primary contributions: 1) we develop 14 a method to estimate elasticities for climate amenities using new data that matches 15 the spatial and temporal variation in the level of the amenity with the frequency of 16 related market transactions; 2) we derive state-specific snowpack elasticities for all major 17 markets across the United States and find significant heterogeneity in the behavioral 18 response across states; and 3) we estimate within-year variation in the recreation 19 revenue from snowpack under current and future climate scenarios. We predict that 20 resort markets could face reductions in local snow-related revenue of -40% to -80%, 21 almost twice as large as previous estimates suggest. This translates to a lower-bound 22 on the annual willingness to pay to avoid reductions in snowpack between $1.64 billion 23 (RCP4.5) and $2.36 billion (RCP8.5) by the end of the century. 24
Attempts to Stimulate Immunology Responses by Intramuscular and Intraperitoneal Delivery of EPS-Adjuvanted Mannheimiosis Vaccine

: This study was conducted on 48 male Sprague Dawley rats to determine the immunological responses of experimental adjuvanted vaccines of Mannheimia haemolytica A2 ( M. haemolytica A2) injection and to observe their protection level upon live M. haemolytica A2 challenge. Forty-eight clinically healthy Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups; Groups 1 and 2 were vaccinated intramuscularly and intraperitoneally, respectively, with an Exo-Polysaccharide (EPS)-adjuvanted vaccine prepared from formalin-killed M. haemolytica serotypes A2, Group 3 with formalin killed M . haemolytica seed. At the same time, Group 4 received intraperitoneally Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS) as a control. After the first vaccination dose, Groups 1,2, and 3 showed a gradual increase in IgM, IgG, and IgA levels significantly (p<0.05). However, their level started to decline six weeks post-vaccination, indicating that the booster dose was needed. Upon the delivery of the second booster dose, antibodies titer showed a persistent increase significantly (p<0.05), especially the serum IgG level. All groups were challenged with live virulent Mannheimia haemolytica A2 after the level of antibodies declined twice after the second booster was delivered. No rat deaths were found in the Combined EPS - M. haemolytica adjuvant vaccine after 14 days following the challenge (0%). In unvaccinated rats, higher mortality and morbidity were noted (100%) and less was reported in rats receiving M. haemolytica A2 Vaccine seed (8%). Histologically at two weeks, post-challenge revealed negligible lung lesions in groups 1 and 2 and mild lesions in group 3. Lung lesions were recorded in all unvaccinated control rats. Furthermore, M. haemolytica A2 re-isolated successfully from lung samples in groups 3 and 4. In conclusion, Rats receiving adjuvant- M. haemolytica vaccine confers reasonably high preventive efficacy compared to M. haemolytica A2 by itself. Further studies should be conducted on measuring the antibody titer in different vivo, such as goats or sheep.
Edge-preserving image compression using adaptive lifting wavelet transform

In this paper, a novel 2-D adaptive lifting wavelet transform is presented. The proposed algorithm is designed to further reduce the high-frequency energy of wavelet transform, improve the image compression efficiency and preserve the edge or texture of original images more effectively. In this paper, a new optional direction set, covering the surrounding integer pixels and sub-pixels, is designed. Hence, our algorithm adapts far better to the image orientation features in local image blocks. To obtain the computationally efficient and coding performance, the complete processes of 2-D adaptive lifting wavelet transform is introduced and implemented. Compared with the traditional lifting-based wavelet transform, the adaptive directional lifting and the direction-adaptive discrete wavelet transform, the new structure reduces the high-frequency wavelet coefficients more effectively, and the texture structures of the reconstructed images are more refined and clear than that of the other methods. The peak signal-to-noise ratio and the subjective quality of the reconstructed images are significantly improved.
Lnc-TMEM132D-AS1 Confers Acquired Resistance to Osimertinib in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Objective: Acquired resistance is a major obstacle to the therapeutic e�cacy of osimertinib in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Current knowledge about the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in this phenomenon is insu�cient. Here, we aim to identify candidate lncRNAs associated with acqured resistance to osimertinib in NSCLC, and explore the role and underlying mechanism of one of these lncRNAs, lnc-TMEM132D-AS1. Methods and Results: RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq) and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) were used to screen and validate the differentially expressed lncRNAs between osimertinib-sensitive and -resistant NSCLC cell lines. Lnc-TMEM132D-AS1 was screened out, and was found to be upregulated in the osimertinib-resistant NSCLC cell lines as well as the plasma of NSCLC patients. Results from CCK-8, colony formation, �ow cytometry assays showed that lnc-TMEM132D-AS1 knockdown signi�cantly increased the sensitivity of osimertinib-resistant NSCLC cells to osimertinib. After identifying the cytoplasmic localization of lnc-TMEM132D-AS1, a functional lnc-TMEM132D-AS1-miRNA-mRNA interaction network and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were constructed to analyze its putative target genes and biological functions. Using qPCR and TISIDB database analysis, ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (ENTPD1) was con�rmed to be a target mRNA of lnc-TMEM132D-AS1, and was associated with tumor in�ltration of immunosuppressive cells and poor prognosis in patients with NSCLC. Conclusion: In summary, lnc-TMEM132D-AS1 plays a crucial role in
Morphological, microstructural and photocatalytic characterization of undoped and Ni, Co doped Fe2O3 particles synthesized by sonochemical method

In this study, an abundant and eco-friendly photocatalytic material, Fe2O3 particles were synthesized by sonochemical method. Morphological and microstructural investigations of synthesized undoped and Ni, Co-doped Fe2O3 particles were performed. The effect of particle morphology and microstructure on its photocatalytic performance was further investigated. Comparative studies for evaluating particle crystallite sizes were conducted by Williamson-Hall (W-H) method and modified Debye-Scherrer (MDS). Crystallite sizes and lattice strains of Fe2O3 induced by process parameters were calculated by W-H method based on uniform deformation model (UDM). The crystallite sizes of the synthesized powders were calculated in the range of 200 nm and 76 nm by Williamson-Hall analysis. In addition to structural investigation, dislocation density of the synthesized particles was calculated by Williamson-Smallman relation. Afterwards, photocatalytic performance of Fe2O3 particles was investigated in detail. The photodegradation of methylene blue solutions in the presence of light in 20 min with samples 3,4, and 5 in 20 min were 0.937, 0.896, and 0.855, respectively. Moreover, the photodegradation of methylene blue solution with sample 5 for 15, 30, and 45 min were 0.9, 0.828, and 0.757, respectively. A photocatalytic activity of 24.25% has been observed under optimum conditions for the time interval of 45 min.
Long range correlations for stochastic lattice gases in a non-equilibrium steady state

The author considers a system with a single locally-conserved field ( identical to density) in a slab geometry with different densities maintained at the two surfaces of the slab. On the basis of fluctuating hydrodynamics, he shows that the static density-density correlations are long ranged and decay as -1/ mod x-y mod d-2 for dimension d>or=3 over distances small compared to the size of the slab. This effect vanishes to first order in the density difference. As a particle model he investigates a stochastic lattice gas with Kawasaki dynamics. He establishes the connection to fluctuating hydrodynamics. In the case of hard core interaction only he proves the validity of fluctuating hydrodynamics and obtain, presumably model dependent, corrections.
Convergence of an Ishikawa-Type Iteration Scheme for a Generalized Contraction

Abstract We show that the result of Xu [J. Math. Anal. Appl.167 (1992), 582-587], dealing with an Ishikawa-type iteration for a map T satisfying Ciric′s definition [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. ], can be extended to a wider class of maps.
Electron–Intramolecular Vibration Coupling in Charge-Transfer Salts Studied by Infrared Spectroscopy

A short discussion of theoretical calculations of the optical properties of quasi-one and quasi-bidimensional molecular crystals is presented. Special attention is devoted to the electron–molecular vibration coupling which is analyzed in charge-transfer salts with tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) derivatives (including giant analoges of TTF) as donor components.
THE PLANETARY NEBULA SYSTEMS OF THE MAGELLANIC CLOUDS.

Very deep blue- and red-sensitive objective-prism plates, taken at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory for various other programs, have been used to survey both Magellanic Clouds for unresolved emission-line objects that can be classified as confirmed or highly probable planetary nebulae. Listed are 102 (22 new) planetaries in the LMC and 28 (3 new) in the SMC. Emission-line stars and compact H II regions that have been or might be confused with planetary nebulae are also identified. The surface distributions and spectroscopic properties of the planetaries in the two systems are discussed.
First Detection of a Counterrotating Molecular Gas Disk in a Spiral Galaxy: NGC 3626

In this paper we report the detection of a massive counterrotating molecular gas disk in the early-type spiral NGC 3626, observed in the 1-0 and 2-1 lines of 12CO, mapped with the 30 m telescope and Bure interferometer.12CO emission is concentrated in a compact nuclear disk of average radius r ~ 12'' (1.2 kpc). In the outer disk, from r = 20'' to r = 100'' (2-10 kpc),12CO is not detected, and the neutral gas content is largely dominated by H I. The observed 12CO velocity field pattern corresponds to a gaseous disk with a sense of rotation opposite to that of the stars. Counterrotation is shared by molecular and ionized gas in the center. There is no strong evidence of 12CO emission from gas in direct rotation. The estimated molecular mass in the 12CO nuclear disk is M(H2) ~ 0.3 × 109 M☉, 3 times lower than the mass of the H I disk. Within the nuclear disk,12CO is distributed in a central source of ~1'' (100 pc) radius, where the derived 12CO rotation curve reaches ~240 km s-1, surrounded by a pseudoring of average radius ~6'' (600 pc) characterized by strong noncircular motions. The dynamics of molecular gas, characterized by a regular counterrotating pattern and streaming motions typical of a steady density-wave driven flow and normal 12CO line widths, preclude the occurrence of violent large-scale shocks or of a nonequilibrium dynamical state for the gas. The available optical (Hα, N [II] and S [II]) and radio continuum data (at 12.6 cm and 21 cm) indicate that no violent burst of star formation is associated with the nuclear molecular gas. This is confirmed by the lack of IRAS flux record for the nucleus of NGC 3626. The present 12CO observations suggest that we are probably seeing a late stage of a merger happened in NGC 3626.
Valuing Natural Ecosystems: The Case of National Park Kotychi-Strofilia in Peloponnese, Greece

Ecosystem services are among the environmental goods that are not directly included in the market mechanism, hindering their integration in the framework of cost-benefit analysis. To fill this gap, environmental valuation techniques can provide useful insights as regards the economic value of ecosystems, facilitating their integration in decision-making processes. The present work values an extremely sensitive and protected ecosystem in the Southern Peloponnese, namely the National Park of Waterfalls of Kotychi – Strofilia, which comprises one of the largest pine forests in Europe (Strofilia) and several important wetlands and lagoons (Kotychi). The Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) has been implemented for valuing the ecosystem services of the park in question and depicting how the results of the analysis can be used for decision making. The analysis was supported by a survey of the residents of the wider area, through the completion of an appropriately designed questionnaire, with a view to estimate the expenditures that are socially acceptable to be allocated for its restoration and protection. The results showed that the mean willingness to pay per household to protect the national park under consideration ranges between 5.5-9.5 EURs/semester for a period of 4 years, leading to a total value of the ecosystems in question of 14.7-25.5 million EURs.
Solar-Powered Refrigeration Systems for Kenya Sub-Counties Health facilities for COVID-19 Vaccines Storage; Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Prospects

The economic prosperity plus technological growth of each & every county depend heavily on energy security, and the energy availability portrays the quality of life in that country. Solar energy is an alternative energy source for cooling systems where power is costly, unreliable, and unsustainable—the main options for electrically-powered refrigeration systems available for several years; are our gas and kerosene-driven refrigerators. The solar refrigeration system was a promising advancement in the early 1980s, creating an alternative to absorption technology to cater to the cold chain requirements in off-grid areas. The main objective of this research is to determine the feasibility of solar-powered refrigeration systems for rural dispensaries, sub-counties health centers, and health posts in Kenya; this is in line with the current COVID-19 pandemic, which demands that the vaccine be supplied to the local populace. This article provides essential recommendations on the solar-powered refrigeration system and highlights some critical parameters for the successful implementation of solar-powered refrigeration units into vaccination programs in the future, including; The supply chain of the vaccines in the country, the current state of the health system at sub-county hospitals, areas of improvements, and the recommendations
THE OFPE/WN9 CLASS IN THE LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUD

The remarkable Ofpe/WN9 spectoscopic category in the LMC now contains ten members, including two newly identified here. Both photographic and digital spectrograms are presented, to establish the characteristics of the class in terms of the latter data, as a reference for future work. Two of these objects have shown large spectrum variations which transiently remove them from the class; one is currently undergoing a giant outburst which establishes it a as Luminous Blue Variable and suggests the possibility that the others may also be quiescent LBVs. Some significant correlations with the recent infrared spectral phenomenology of McGregor et al. (1988) are also pointed out.
Timing Observations of the 8-Hr Binary Pulsar 2127+11C in the Globular Cluster M15

We present new results are presented on the position and characteristics of the 8 hr binary pulsar 2127 + 11C in the post-core-collapse (PCC) globular cluster M15. Our results indicate that PSR 2127 + 11C has been ejected from the cluster core via a close encounter with another binary system or isolated star. In particular, the position derived from a phase-connected timing solution places the PSR 2127 + 11C system 2.7 pc (projected) from the core, well outside the compact region containing the other four detected pulsars and the X-ray binary system X2127 + 11/AC 211. While PSR 2127 + 11C is likely still bound to the cluster, it is nonetheless probable that other compact binary pulsars have been totally ejected, thereby contributing to the population of field binary pulsars. Timing results from PSR 2127 + 11C also show a relativistic advance of periastron of 4.46 deg yr^(-1), indicating that the total mass of the system is 2.71 M_⊙.
Dynamic deformation of strongly nonlinear toroidal rubber elements

Dynamic deformation of rubber toroidal elements (o-rings) was investigated under dynamic loading conditions at strain rates 102 s−1. The forces acting on o-rings were simultaneously monitored using an accelerometer and strain gauges, while global engineering strains were independently determined by a synchronized high speed camera. Dynamic non-linear stress-strain relation was compared with empirical relation obtained from static loading of o-rings. The paper presents first experimental results and analysis of dissipative properties of o-rings during dynamic compression and unloading. The strongly nonlinear force-strain and strain-rate dependent behavior was described using nonlinear viscoelastic relation with only one adjustable parameter.
Specularly scattered sound and the probability density function of a rough surface

The coherent component of specularly scattered underwater sound is sensitive to the probability density function (PDF) of displacements of the rough surface. For the specular reflection of diverging waves, the coherent component and the PDF are shown to be related by the Fourier transformation. Laboratory measurements of sound scattered at a partially shadowed nearly Gaussian model sea surface show the coherent component is much larger than would be expected for a Gaussian PDF. Fourier transformations of the measured PDF, on inclusion of a shadowing correction, gave the coherent component. Fourier transformation of the coherent component yields a surface PDF similar to the measured PDF with shadowing correction.
Orthogonality and the Hausdorff Dimension of the Maximal Measure

In this paper the orthogonality properties of iterated polynomials are shown to remain valid in some cases for rational maps. Using a functional equation fulfilled by the generating function, the author shows that the Hausdorff dimension of the maximal measure is a real analytical function of the coefficients of an Axiom A rational map satisfying the property that all poles of f and zeros of f'(z) have multiplicity one. Here we will consider f a rational map such that the Julia set (see [1]) is bounded and f is of the form f(z) = P(z)(Q(z))-', where P(z) = zn + ani zn+ +a1z + ao, Q(z) = bdzd + bdlzd-i + +b z + bo, where ai E C, bj E C, 1bd =O, n > 2, and d < n. In [6, 8, and 10] it was shown that for f a rational map there exists just one f-invariant probability measure u such that, for any continuous function 4), 4)(x) du(x) = n-' E ? (zi(x)) du(x), where zi(x), i E {1, . , n }, are the roots of f(z) = x, counted with multiplicity, and this is the measure of maximum entropy. This measure is called the maximal measure, and it has entropy log n. For f such that f(ox) = cx and J(f) bounded, this measure is the equilibrium measure for the logarithm potential if and only if f is a polynomial [1, 9]. Let F(z) be the only one such that F(z)/z is analytic near x, F(z) z as z -b o, and F'(z)F(z)i = J (z x)-ldu(x) = z-1( E MmZ -), where Mm = Jxm du(x) for m E N (see [2]) are the m-moments of u. Note that Mo = 1, and the expansion is valid only when the Julia set is bounded, which implies either d < n 1 or d = n 1, and I bdI < 1 or IbdI = 1, and there is a Siegel disk around infinity. Received by the editors August 16, 1985.
Crossing Estimates and Convergence of Dirichlet Functions Along Random Walk and Diffusion Paths

Let {X n } be a transient reversible Markov chain and let f be a function on the state space with finite Dirichlet energy. We prove crossing inequalities for the process {f(X n )} n≥1 and show that it converges almost surely and in L 2 . Analogous results are also established for reversible diffusions on Riemannian manifolds.
Effect of pressure and substitution for Yb on the first-order valence transition in YbInCu4

Single-crystalline samples of YbInCu 4 and its partially substituted compounds by Y and Lu were synthesized by the flux method. The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility from 2 to 320 K in the magnetic field of 0.5 T and the high-field magnetization up to 41 T under various fixed pressures were measured in order to investigate the effect of substitution, inherent chemical pressure, and external pressure on the first-order valence transition of YbInCu 4 . Substitution of Yb by Y or Lu results in a small increase or decrease of the lattice parameter, while both systems show a steep decrease of transition temperature (T v ) and transition magnetic field (H v ) with substitution, resulting in suppression of the valence transition around x = 0.30 for Yb 1 - x Y x InCu 4 (0≤x≤0.3) and x=0.15 for Yb 1 - x Lu x InCu 4 (0≤x≤0.15). The effect of pressure on H v of the pure and Y-substituted YbInCu 4 is reported by dH v /dP - 1 T/kbar, with a suppression of the valence transition of Yb 0 . 8 Y 0 . 2 nCu 4 at the pressure of 8 kbar. The effect of inherent chemical pressure is very small compared with the intrinsic effect of substitution The decreasing of Kondo temperature T K ( 1/Χ 0 ) below T v resulting from the substitution for the Yb lattice is discussed as an important factor affecting the valence transition of YbInCu 4 .