Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Simulation Study of Route Selection with Inter-Vehicle Communication

Inter-Vehicle Communication (IVC) is a promising technology for the next-generation of auto industry, In this paper, we examine the effectiveness of an IVC application for route selection, First we develop a traffic simulator based on a microscopic traffic now model using cellular automata, Our simulation environment is a simple two-way road with traffic signals, We implement four route selection methods, They are an IVC-based route selection method, a Memory-based route selection method without traffic information, a centralized traffic information-based route selection method like Vehicle Information and Communication System (VICS), and a random route selection method, Next we examine the effectiveness of each method under various settings, Simulation results show that traffic information plays an important role in traffic congestion avoidance, The traffic, however, becomes heavier as the number of vehicles using the centralized traffic information increases. On the other hand, the traffic flow becomes smoother as the number of vehicles using IVC increases. Simulation results also show that the use of IVC does not cause the disturbance of the whole traffic flow. We show that IVC has a possibility of resolving the difficulties of VICS and social traffic problems.
Construction of Smart Grid at Information Age

Since a couple of years ago, the topic smart grid has been discussed worldwidely by power companies, research institutes as well as communication companies.Smart grid was first proposed to accommodate renewable energy generation by utilizing the latest information and communication technologies.Then, the concept"smart"was expanded from smart measurement system, demand-side response, distribution automation to transmission grid intelligence.Smart grid becomes the trend of power grid development.By applying information technologies in the conventional power grid, smart grid improves the utilization rate of energy and power asset management.The energy saving effects of smart grid can help in emission control and global warming.A mature smart grid has two-way real-time high-speed communication channels in all sections of the power grid, and it integrates advanced technologies, such as, control, IT and management.The system is a self-healing sytem.Moreover, the power generation, distribution and utilization in smart grid can be optimized scientifically and systematically.In this paper, what is smart grid, the development and the current research of smart grid will be presented.The objectives, key technologies and potential obstacles for constructing a smart grid are discussed.Some issues relating to smart grid on power transmission and distribution as well as consumer side are also discussed.
Fast Variance Prediction for Iteratively Reconstructed CT with Applications to Tube Current Modulation.

Fast Variance Prediction for Iteratively Reconstructed CT with Applications to Tube Current Modulation by Stephen Schmitt Chair: Jeffrey Fessler X-ray computed tomography (CT) is an important, widely-used medical imaging modality. A primary concern with the increasing use of CT is the ionizing radiation dose incurred by the patient. Statistical reconstruction methods are able to improve noise and resolution in CT images compared to traditional filter backprojection (FBP) based reconstruction methods, which allows for a reduced radiation dose. Compared to FBP-based methods, statistical reconstruction requires greater computational time and the statistical properties of resulting images are more difficult to analyze. Statistical reconstruction has parameters that must be correctly chosen to produce high-quality images. The variance of the reconstructed image has been used to choose these parameters, but this has previously been very time-consuming to compute. In this work, we describe a method for fast prediction of the variance that can be used to choose these parameters. We derive an approximation to the local frequency response (LFR) of the operation combining CT projection, statistical weighting, and backprojection. This approximation is separable into one term that is not weighting dependent and a term that is weighting dependent but has one fewer dimension. Prior work has provided this LFR approximation for a limited set of specific geometries; here we extend this to arbitrary CT geometries. We apply this LFR approximation to predict the variance of statistically reconstructed CT images. Compared to the empirical variance derived from multiple simulated reconstruction realizations, our method is as accurate as the currently available methods of variance prediction while being computable for thousands of voxels per
Mobile Illinois Clicker (Mi - Clicker): Next Generation Educational Tool for Mobile Learning Communities

Education has always been the hallmark of man’s progress in the civilized world. In the past few decades we have seen the face of the classroom change by including more and more electronic devices like projectors, tablet PC’s and computers. Mi-Clicker is revolutionary interactive mobile application software for students. The MiClicker encourages student participation in large classrooms. It also provides an instant feedback system for instructors. The goal of classroom education was instructors imparting knowledge to the students. In order to assist in this goal, Mi-Clicker provides activity features such as quizzes, a way for students to ask questions using an audio recording or a text message and an announcement system for students to remain up to date about any important class proceedings.
Systematic Width Determination for the Design of Power-Constrained Noise Optimization Inductively Degenerated Low Noise Amplifier

Abstract Systematic width determination for the inductively degenerated low noise amplifier (IDLNA) was implemented using power-constrained noise optimization (PCNO) technique. Using drain current for short channel equation, the power dissipated (PD) as a function of gate overdrive (VOV) expression was derived. This expression was further arranged to represent PD as a function of input stage quality factor (QS). The two relations were translated into contours which were generated at fixed noise figure (NF). By means of manipulating the same equations, the NF as a function of QS was derived. The contours were generated using the parameters specified for Silterra’s 0.18 μm CMOS process for Wideband-Code Division Multiple Access (W-CDMA) application. The PD versus VOV contours show that the NF of the LNA can be improved if PDis increased. These contours also illustrate that for a W-CDMA with a requirement of below 2.5 dB of NF, the VOVis in the range of 46–115 mV. The PD and NF versus QS contours show that minimum PD for each NF and minimum NF at each PD is maintained at QS equal to 4, independent of the process and operating frequency. This result is verified by derivations and comparisons with a referenced article. With the optimum QS known, the calculated transistor’s width is 330 μm to provide an NF of 1 dB at 6 mW of power.
Gα12 overexpression in hepatocytes by ER stress exacerbates acute liver injury via ROCK1-mediated miR-15a and ALOX12 dysregulation

Rationale: Liver injury must be further characterized to identify novel therapeutic approaches. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress may cause hepatocyte death. Gα12 affects cell viability and its expression varies depending on physiological conditions. This study investigated whether hepatocyte-specific Gα12 overexpression affects acute liver injury, and if so, what the underlying mechanisms and treatment strategies are. Methods: All experiments were performed using human liver, hepatocytes, and toxicant injury models with Gna12 KO and/or hepatocyte-specific Gα12 overexpression. RNA-sequencing, immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, reporter assays, and mutation assays were conducted. Results: Hepatic Gα12 was overexpressed in mice challenged with acetaminophen or other ER stress inducers or in patients with acute liver injury or fibrosis/cirrhosis. Several Gα12 and ER-associated pathways were identified using transcriptomic analysis. Acetaminophen intoxication was characterized by lipid peroxide-induced ferroptosis and was less severe in Gα12-deficient animals and cells. Conversely, Gα12 overexpression in wild-type or Gna12 KO hepatocytes increased hepatotoxicity, promoting lipid peroxidation, inflammation, and ferroptosis. IRE1α-dependent Xbp1 transactivated Gna12. Moreover, Gα12 overexpression enhanced the ability of acetaminophen to induce ALOX12, while downregulating GPX4. The level of miR-15a, herein identified as an ALOX12 inhibitor, was decreased. siRNA knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of ROCK1 prevented dysregulation of ALOX12 and GPX4, rescuing animals from toxicant-induced ferroptosis. These changes or correlations among the targets were confirmed in human liver specimens and datasets of livers exposed to other injurious medications. Conclusions: Gα12 overexpression by ER stress facilitates hepatocyte ferroptosis through ROCK1-mediated dysregulation of ALOX12, and miR-15a, supporting the concept that inhibition of Gα12 overexpression and/or ROCK1 axis may constitute a promising strategy for acute liver injury.
Pathological, Morphometric and Correlation Analysis of the Modified Mankin Score, Tidemark Roughness and Calcified Cartilage Thickness in Rat Knee Osteoarthritis after Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy

The paper displayed the pathological changes and relationships of the modified Mankin score, tidemark roughness and calcified cartilage (CC) thickness by extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) (0.25 mJ/ mm2 with 800 impulses) on different positions of the medial and lateral rat knee OA joint. After the experiments, the articular cartilage was assessed using histomorphometry, image analysis and statistical method. In the micro-CT analysis, ESWT on medial groups were better than lateral groups in the trabecular volume and trabecular number. The data showed a strong negative correlation between the modified Mankin score and tidemark roughness (r = -0.941; P < 0.001). In terms of the relationship of tidemark roughness with CC thickness, the medial and Sham groups showed a significant negative correlation (r = -0.788, P = 0.022). Additionally, the Euclidean distance derived from 3D scatter plot analysis was an indicator of chondropathic conditions, exhibiting a strong correlation with OA stage in the articular cartilage of the femur (r = 0.911, P < 0.001) and tibia (r = 0.890, P < 0.001) after ESWT. Principle component analysis (PCA) further demonstrated that ESWT applied to medial locations had a better outcome than treatment at lateral locations for knee OA by comparing with Sham and OA groups, and CC thickness was the most important factor affecting hyaline cartilage repair after ESWT.
Rollover Fatalities—Nordic Perspectives

The decline of injuries and fatalities connected to tractor rollover accidents has been favorable in the north European countries, especially in Sweden. This is probably related to legislative measures as well as to information and education. The statistics show a relationship between the introduction of rollover protection equipment or cabs and the decline of accidents leading to injuries or fatalities. If other countries had adopted the Swedish model many lives would probably have been saved.
Joint embedding of biological networks for cross-species functional alignment

Model organisms are widely used to better understand the molecular causes of human disease. While sequence similarity greatly aids this transfer, sequence similarity does not imply functional similarity, and thus, several current approaches incorporate protein-protein interactions (PPIs) to help map findings between species. Existing transfer methods either formulate the alignment problem as a matching problem which pits network features against known orthology, or more recently, as a joint embedding problem. Here, we propose a novel state-of-the-art joint embedding solution: Embeddings to Network Alignment (ETNA). More specifically, ETNA generates individual network embeddings based on network topological structures and then uses a Natural Language Processing-inspired cross-training approach to align the two embeddings using sequence orthologs. The final embedding preserves both within and between species gene functional relationships, and we demonstrate that it captures both pairwise and group functional relevance. In addition, ETNA’s embeddings can be used to transfer genetic interactions across species and identify phenotypic alignments, laying the groundwork for potential opportunities for drug repurposing and translational studies.
Inductance and torque characteristic analysis of multi-layer buried magnet synchronous machine

Inductance characteristics, torque variations and ripple according to current and position of multi-layer buried magnet synchronous machine with field-weakening operation are presented. The rotor structure optimal design of buried magnet synchronous machine with high performance is investigated and optimization result and comparison among design candidates is shown. For the fast and accurate search of multiple optima, auto-tuning niching genetic algorithm is used and final solution is selected considering various design factor.
Trajectory Privacy Protection Mechanism based on Salp-Like Swarm Algorithm

Location-based services have been widely used in daily life, providing diversified services for users. However, users may face the risk of trajectory privacy disclosure while enjoying the convenience of location-based services. Most of the existing trajectory protection schemes cannot match the road network and are vulnerable to attacks based on background information. In this paper, the concept of salp swarm algorithm is introduced to construct salp-like swarm algorithm, which can generate K−1 false trajectories that are highly similar to real trajectories. It is difficult for attackers to distinguish them. Besides, a road network matching model is designed in order to match the proposed trajectory privacy protection algorithm with the real road network environment, so that the effect of trajectory privacy protection is improved. Morever, a false location selection mechanism is proposed to find false location points, which not only considers the location and speed of users, but also ensures that the selection of false location points is more in line with the road network environment. The experimental results show that, under the condition of satisfying the same service quality, the trajectory privacy leakage probability of this scheme is reduced by 33% compared with the existing schemes, and it has better privacy protection effect.
Survival Analysis on Secured Data Communication in Cloud

Cloud computing is here to stay within Internet technology that presents user everything in terms of services like computing power to computing infrastructure, applications, business processes over the web. With fast growth of big data analytics, network security is an essential research field. Secure transmission is defined as the data transfer like confidential information through the secure channel. Secure communication is the process of communicating with two entities and not want third party to listen. The people share their information with diverse degrees of certainty. The data security is an essential role for guaranteeing the drastic development of number of cloud users. Many secured data storage mechanisms are designed by many researchers in past. But, the available mechanisms are time consuming process and not attained the necessary security. It failed to provide adequate security analytics performance with higher accuracy and minimal time consumption. In order to address these problems, existing secured data communication in cloud is reviewed. General Terms Cloud, Data Communication, Data Security
Central Pressure Waveform-Derived Indexes Obtained From Carotid and Radial Tonometry and Brachial Oscillometry in Healthy Subjects (2–84 Y): Age-, Height-, and Sex-Related Profiles and Analysis of Indexes Agreement

Aortic blood pressure (aoBP) waveform-derived indexes could provide valuable (prognostic) information over and above cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs). To obtain aoBP waveform-characteristics, several (i) techniques, (ii) recording sites, (iii) pressure-only waveform analysis mathematical approaches [e.g., pulse wave analysis (PWA), wave separation analysis (WSA)], and (iv) indexes [augmentation pressure and index (AP and AIx), forward (Pf) and backward (Pb) components of aoBP, reflection magnitude (RM), and reflection index (Rix)], were proposed. An accurate clinical use of these indexes requires knowing their physiological age-related profiles and the expected values for a specific subject. There are no works that have characterized waveform-derived indexes profiles in large populations considering: (i) as a continuous, data from different age stages (childhood, adolescence, and adulthood), (ii) complementary indexes, (iii) data obtained from different techniques and approaches, and (iv) analyzing potential sex- and body height (BH)-related differences. In addition, (v) there is a lack of normative data (reference intervals, RIs) for waveform-derived indexes. Aims (1) to evaluate the association and agreement between PWA- and/or WSA-derived indexes obtained with different techniques and approaches; (2) to determine the need for sex-, BH-, and/or age-specific RIs; (3) to define RIs for PWA- and WSA-derived indexes in a large cohort of healthy children, adolescents, and adults. Methods 3619 subjects (3–90 y) were included; 1688 healthy (2–84 y). AP, AIx, AIx@75, Pf, Pb, RM, and RIx were obtained (carotid and radial tonometry, brachial oscillometry/plethysmography). The association and agreement between indexes were analyzed (Concordance correlation coefficients, Bland–Altman analysis). Mean and SD equations and sex-specific BH- and age-related profiles were obtained (regression methods; fractional polynomials). Results Waveform-derived indexes were not equivalent; for a specific index, there were systematic and proportional differences associated with the recording site (e.g., carotid vs. radial) and technique (e.g., tonometry vs. oscillometry). The need for sex-, BH-, or age-specific RIs was dependent on the index and/or age considered. RIs were defined for each index considering differences between recording sites and techniques. Equations for waveform-derived indexes age-related profiles were included, enabling to determine for a specific subject, the expected values and potential data deviations.
Effect of Cooking Method on Vitamin C Loses and Antioxidant Activity of Indigenous Green Leafy Vegetables Consumed in Western Uganda

Indigenous green leafy vegetables are known to contain high levels of antioxidants and are recommended in the management of chronic diseases. However, their consumption has received lower patronage. This is partly attributed to farmers replacing the growing of indigenous green leafy vegetables with their exotic counterparts and scarce information on their nutritional benefits. This study explored the effect of cooking methods (boiling and steaming for 10 minutes) on the antioxidant activity of Amaranthus dubius, Solanum nigrum, and Curcubita maxima. Spectrometry was used to evaluate the reducing power and antihemolytic activity. Titration via the 2,6-indophenol method was used for measuring vitamin C and replacement titration for hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity. Cooking the vegetables by steaming or boiling caused up to 99% reduction in the vitamin C concentration of the cooked vegetables. The antioxidant activity of the cooked vegetables varied across the species assessed and cooking method used. Steaming retained and in some instances promoted the antioxidant activity of the vegetables. The study concludes that cooking by either steaming or boiling alters the antioxidant activity of indigenous vegetables.
Combinatorics of lattice paths

This dissertation consists of five chapters which deal with lattice paths such as Dyck paths, skew Dyck paths and generalized Motzkin paths. These lattice paths are discrete paths in the Cartesian plane made up of a finite sequence of steps that may include up steps u = (1, 1), down steps d = (1,−1), horizontal steps q = (1, 0) and left steps l = (−1,−1). They never go below the horizontal axis. We derive the generating functions to enumerate lattice paths according to different parameters. These parameters include strings of length 2, 3, 4 and r for all r ∈ {2, 3, 4, · · · }, area and semi-base, area and semi-length, and semi-base and semi-perimeter. The coefficients in the series expansion of these generating functions give us the number of combinatorial objects we are interested to count. In particular 1. Chapter 1 is an introduction, here we derive some tools that we are going to use in the subsequent Chapters. We first state the Lagrange inversion formula which is a remarkable tool widely use to extract coefficients in generating functions, then we derive some generating functions for Dyck paths, skew Dyck paths and Motzkin paths. 2. In Chapter 2 we use generating functions to count the number of occurrences of strings in a Dyck path. We first derive generating functions for strings of length 2, 3, 4 and r for all r ∈ {2, 3, 4, · · · }, we then extract the coefficients in the generating functions to get the number of occurrences of strings in the Dyck paths of semi-length n. 3. In Chapter 3, Sections 3.1 and 3.2 we derive generating functions for the relationship between strings of lengths 2 and 3 and the relationship between strings of lengths 3 and 4 respectively. In Section 3.3 we derive generating functions for the low occurrences of the strings of lengths 2, 3 and 4 and lastly Section 3.4 deals with derivations of generating functions for the high occurrences of some strings . 4. Chapter 4, Subsection 4.1. 1 deals with the derivation of the generating functions for skew paths according to semi-base and area, we then derive the generating functions according to area. In Subsection 4.1. 2, we consider the same as in Section 4.1. 1, but here instead of semi-base we use semi-length. The last section 4.2, we use skew paths to enumerate the number of super-diagonal bar graphs according to perimeter. 5. Chapter 5 deals with the derivation of recurrences for the moments of generalized Motzkin paths, in particular we consider those Motzkin paths that never touch the x-axis except at (0,0) and at the end of the path.
Delft University of Technology Nonlinear aircraft sensor fault reconstruction in the presence of disturbances validated by real flight data

This paper proposes an approach for Inertial Measurement Unit sensor fault reconstruction by exploiting a ground speed-based kinematic model of the aircraft flying in a rotating earth reference system. Two strategies for the validation of sensor fault reconstruction are presented: closed-loop validation and openloop validation. Both strategies use the same kinematic model and a newly-developed Adaptive Two-Stage Extended Kalman Filter to estimate the states and faults of the aircraft. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach compared to an approach using an airspeed-based kinematic model. Furthermore, the major contribution is that the proposed approach is validated using real flight test data including the presence of external disturbances such as turbulence. Three flight scenarios are selected to test the performance of the proposed approach. It is shown that the proposed approach is robust to model uncertainties, unmodelled dynamics and disturbances such as time-varying wind and turbulence. Therefore, the proposed approach can be incorporated into aircraft Fault Detection and Isolation systems to enhance the performance of the aircraft.