Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Information technology parks of the Asia Pacific : lessons for the Regional Digital Divide : East-West Center studies

1. Bridging the Global Digital Divide Meheroo Jussawalla 2. High-Tech Park Development in China Lin Sun 3. The Malaysia Experience: The Multimedia Super Corridor Richard D. Taylor 4. Tracing the History of IT in India B.V. Naidu 5. Fishing Village to Technopolis and Biopolis: Science and Technology Parks 6. Technopolis Development in Taiwan: An IT-Capabilities-Enhancing Approach Eunice Hsiao Hui Wang 7. Technology Parks: City of Kapolei, Kapolei Business Park and Kapolei Teleport, Kapolei, Hawaii Gordon J. Bruce 8. Lessons of Technology Parks for the Global Digital Divide Jorge Reina Schement 9. The Role of IT Parks in Bridging the Digital Divide Meheroo Jussawalla About the Editors and Contributors Index
Service Quality, Inventory and Competition: An Empirical Analysis of Mobile Money Agents in Africa

The use of electronic money transfer through cellular networks ("mobile money") is rapidly increasing in the developing world. The resulting electronic currency ecosystem could improve the lives of the estimated 2 billion people who live on less than $2 a day by facilitating more secure, accessible, and reliable ways to store and transfer money than are currently available. The development of this ecosystem requires a network of agents to conduct cash-for-electronic value transactions and vice versa. This paper examines how service quality, competition, and poverty are related to demand and inventory (of electronic credit and physical cash) where, in this setting, service quality consists of pricing transparency and agent expertise. Among our results, we find that average demand increases with both pricing transparency and agent expertise, and that agent expertise interacts positively with competitive intensity. We also find that competition is associated with higher inventory holdings of both cash and electronic value, and that agents in high-poverty areas hold greater amounts of cash but do not carry a smaller amount of electronic value indicating that they devote more capital to their inventory. These results offer insight to mobile money operators with respect to monitoring, training, and the business case for their agents. This paper furthers our understanding of service quality, competition and inventory, while developing a foundation for the exploration of mobile money by OM scholars.
Vertex magic total labeling of middle and total graph of cycle

A vertex magic total labeling is a bijection from the union of the vertex set and edge set to the consecutive integers 1,2,3,. ,v+e with the property that for every u in the vertex set, the sum of the label of u and the label of the edges incident with u is equal to k, for some constant k. In this paper, we establish the vertex magic labeling of some classes of graphs and provide some open problems related to it.
Predominance of secondary organic aerosol to particle-bound reactive oxygen species activity in fine ambient aerosol

Abstract. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are believed to contribute to the adverse health effects of aerosols. This may happen by inhaled particle-bound (exogenic) ROS (PB-ROS) or by ROS formed within the respiratory tract by certain aerosol components (endogenic ROS). We investigated the chemical composition of aerosols and their exogenic ROS content at the two contrasting locations Beijing (China) and Bern (Switzerland). We apportioned the ambient organic aerosol to different sources and attributed the observed water-soluble PB-ROS to them. The oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA, a proxy for secondary organic aerosol, SOA) explained the highest fraction of the exogenic ROS concentration variance at both locations. We also characterized primary and secondary aerosol emissions generated from different biogenic and anthropogenic sources in smog chamber experiments. The exogenic PB-ROS content in the OOA from these emission sources was comparable to that in the ambient measurements. Our results imply that SOA from gaseous precursors of different anthropogenic emission sources is a crucial source of water-soluble PB-ROS and should be additionally considered in toxicological and epidemiological studies in an adequate way besides primary emissions. The importance of PB-ROS may be connected to the seasonal trends in health effects of PM reported by epidemiological studies, with elevated incidences of adverse effects in warmer seasons, which are accompanied by more-intense atmospheric oxidation processes.
Real-Time Stereo Vision for Resource Limited Systems

Real-Time Stereo Vision for Resource Limited Systems Beau Jeffrey Tippetts Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Doctor of Philosophy A significant amount of research in the field of stereo vision has been published in the past decade. Considerable progress has been made in improving accuracy of results as well as achieving real-time performance in obtaining those results. Although much of the literature does not address it, many applications are sensitive to the tradeoff between accuracy and speed that exists among stereo vision algorithms. Overall, this work aims to organize existing efforts and encourage new ones in the development of stereo vision algorithms for resource limited systems. It does this through a review of the status quo as well as providing both software and hardware designs of new stereo vision algorithms that offer an efficient tradeoff between speed and accuracy. A comprehensive review and analysis of stereo vision algorithms is provided with specific emphasis on real-time performance and suitability for resource limited systems. An attempt has been made to compile and present accuracy and runtime performance data for all stereo vision algorithms developed in the past decade. The tradeoff in accuracy that is typically made to achieve real-time performance is examined with an example of an existing highly accurate stereo vision that is modified to see how much speedup can be achieved. Two new stereo vision algorithms, GA Spline and Profile Shape Matching, are presented with a hardware design of the latter also being provided, making Profile Shape Matching available to both embedded processor-based and programmable hardware-based resource limited systems.
Taphonomy of Oligo-Miocene fossil sites of the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, Australia

Abstract. Taphonomic analyses were carried out on six sites from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area fossil deposits of northwestern Queensland, Australia. The six sites range in age from late Oligocene to late Miocene and possibly younger. A diverse fossil fauna has been found at these sites, but in this study, only mammalian remains were considered. The aim was to assess the biological and ecological information obtainable from these sites in anticipation of a palaeoecological study of the sites. To determine if fossils from each site were locally derived, specimens were examined for abrasion, breakage, weathering, evidence of digestion or scavenging, and skeletal part representation. Age-class distribution analysis of several peramelemorphians and a subfamily of macropodids was carried out for one of the sites to determine if the mortality profile might be attritional or catastrophic. Vertebrate remains from the six sites are disarticulated and, in combination with the lack of bone weathering, this suggests rapid burial in moist conditions. The majority of specimens are unweathered, unabraded, have a wide range of transport potentials and, at this stage, are not suspected to have significant predator/scavenger biases. These sites are therefore interpreted to be autochthonous assemblages. The age-class distribution analysis indicates attritional accumulation, however exact duration of accumulation can not be ascertained. Resumen. TAFONOMIA DE LOS SITIOS FOSILES DEL AREA DE RIVERSLEIGH WORLD HERITAGE (OLIGOCENO-MIOCENO), AUSTRALIA. Se realizo un analisis tafonomico en seis sitios de los depositos del area Riversleigh World Heritage en el noroeste de Queensland, Australia. Los seis sitios abarcan edades desde el Oligoceno tardio al Mioceno tardio y posiblemente mas jovenes. Se ha encontrado alli una diversa fauna fosil pero en este estudio solamente los mamiferos son considerados. El objetivo fue evaluar la informacion biologica y ecologica quese podia obtener para esos sitios antes de llevar a cabo un estudio paleoecologico. Para determinar si los fosiles de cada sitio fueron derivados localmente, se examino el material en busca de evidencias de abrasion, fractura, meteorizacion, digestion o carroneo y representacion de partes esqueleticas. El analisis de distribucion de varios peramelemorfidos y una subfamilia de macropodidos fue realizado para cada uno de eses sitios para determinar si el perfil de mortalidad puede ser atricional o catastrofico. Los restos de vertebrados de los seis sitios estan desarticulados y, en combinacion con la falta de meteorizacion de los huesos, esto sugiere un rapido enterramiento en condiciones humedas. La mayoria de los ejemplares no esta meteorizado ni presenta abrasion, tiene una amplio espectro de potenciales de transporte y, en esta etapa, no se sospecha que tengan un sesgo especial por depredadores o carroneros. Por lo tanto, se los interpreta como conjuntos autoctonos. La distribucion de las clases etarias indica una acumulacion atricional pero su exacta duracion no puede ser establecida.
Formation of Tropical Anvil Clouds by Slow Evaporation

Tropical anvil clouds play a large role in the Earth's radiation balance, but their effect on global warming is uncertain. The conventional paradigm for these clouds attributes their existence to the rapidly declining convective mass flux below the tropopause, which implies a large source of detraining cloudy air there. Here we test this paradigm by manipulating the sources and sinks of cloudy air in cloud‐resolving simulations. We find that anvils form in our simulations because of the long lifetime of upper‐tropospheric cloud condensates, not because of an enhanced source of cloudy air below the tropopause. We further show that cloud lifetimes are long in the cold upper troposphere because the saturation specific humidity is much smaller there than the condensed water loading of cloudy updrafts, which causes evaporative cloud decay to act very slowly. Our results highlight the need for novel cloud‐fraction schemes that align with this decay‐centric framework for anvil clouds.
A new ditopic ratiometric receptor for detecting zinc and fluoride ions in living cells.

The synthesis, characterization and ion binding properties of a new ditopic ratiometric receptor (1), based on 2-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenol and crown ether moieties, have been described. The ditopic ratiometric receptor has been studied in sensing both F(-) and Zn(2+) ions, exhibiting different fluorescent colour changes from cyan green to blue/black observable by the naked eye under UV-light. The addition of Zn(2+) to the solution of 1 induced the formation of a 2 : 2 ligand-metal complex 1-Zn(2+), which displays a remarkable blue shift of the emission maxima of 1 from 455 nm to 400 nm due to the inhibition of excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism. The sensing processes were monitored by fluorescence/absorption titrations, and further confirmed by Job's plot and (1)H NMR titrations. The crystal structure of 1-Zn(2+) reveals that 1 binds Zn(2+) in four-coordinated modes. Furthermore, 1 is cell permeable and may be applied to detect trace Zn(2+) and F(-) during the development of a living organism.
Wildland inventory and resource modeling for Douglas and Carson City Counties, Nevada, using LANDSAT and digital terrain data

The potential of using LANDSAT satellite imagery to map and inventory pinyon-juniper desert forest types in Douglas and Carson City Counties, Nevada was demonstrated. Specific map and statistical products produced include land cover, mechanical operations capability, big game winter range habitat, fire hazard, and forest harvestability. The Nevada Division of Forestry determined that LANDSAT can produce a reliable and low-cost resource data. Added benefits become apparent when the data are linked to a geographical information system (GIS) containing existing ownership, planning, elevation, slope, and aspect information.
Can Higher Prices Stimulate Product Use? Evidence from a Field Experiment in Zambia

The controversy over whether and how much to charge for health products in the developing world rests, in part, on whether higher prices can increase use, either by targeting distribution to high-use households (a screening effect), or by stimulating use psychologically through a sunk-cost effect. We develop a methodology for separating these two effects. We implement the methodology in a field experiment in Zambia using door-to-door marketing of a home water purification solution. We find that higher prices screen out those who use the product less. By contrast, we find no consistent evidence of sunk-cost effects.
Survey of pesticide residues in soils around Mysore city.

A survey was conducted to examine the pesticide residues in some soil samples collected from irrigated agricultural farmlands around Mysore city, Karnataka, India. These samples were analysed by gas chromatography consisting of electron capture detector (ECD) to analyse the organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and flame photometric detector (FPD) for analysis of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs). OCPs consist of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), endosulfan, DDT and its metabolite DDE which were detected in all the soil samples, and their total concentration range from > 64. 27μg/g to 4504. 18μg/g. Among all the pesticides, endosulfan had the highest concentration, followed by HCH with an order of endosulfan > HCH > DDE > DDT. The regional concentration of residues was as follows: east > west > south > north. DDT residues were absent in western part of the city and the concentration of other pesticides except endosulfan was quite low. DDT concentrations indicate no new input or very low new applications of this pesticide in these soils, while the high concentration of endosulfan may show new input of pesticides like dimethoate, malathion, parathion, monocrotophos, fenoprop etc. in these farmlands. No detectable organophosphorus pesticides were found in the soil samples. The main source of contamination was related to human activities, such as agricultural chemical applications.
Mining, deforestation and conservation opportunities: a case study of the Quadrilátero Ferrífero land use change dynamics

Mining and mineral processing operations fundamentally oppose the objectives of conservation programs. Environmental compensation (or biodiversity offset) policies, however, present a unique opportunity to expand conservation reserves within mining regions. In this study, we quantified the land use change dynamics that have occurred within Minas Gerais’ intensive iron ore mining region, the Quadrilatero Ferrifero. Specifically, the objectives of the study were to: 1) quantify the direct impact of mining operations on native vegetation extent and compare this to that caused by other land uses, and 2) to investigate the conservation effectiveness of previously established environmental compensation areas in preventing vegetation loss. To do this we quantified the land use change in the region at four time points over 20 years using Landsat images. Results illustrate that the region has undergone rapid and extensive change. In 2010 only 46% of native (unproductive) vegetation remained. Deforestation was the result of multiple pressures that emerged from multiple land users in the region. Mining accounted for 14% of vegetation loss since 1990, with the remainder caused by a combination of expanding cattle pastures, Eucalyptus plantations and urbanization. In 2010, only 20% of the region was under some form of conservation tenure, with less than 0.05% of native vegetation protected for the purposes of environmental compensation. Within these compensation reserves, however, almost no vegetation loss was observed. If all mining companies in the region had been required to compensate for the deforestation caused by their operations at least an additional 15,000 ha of native vegetation would be protected. We conclude that while the direct impacts of mining on deforestation is relatively small, mining companies can play a much larger role in regional dynamics as there is a great opportunity to expand the protected area network in the Quadrilatero Ferrifero through the use and implementation of environmental compensation policies.
The undecidable: Basic papers on undecidable propositions unsolvable problems and computable functions

Many cyberinformaticians would agree that, had it not been for amphibious epistemologies, the refinement of randomized algorithms might never have occurred [114, 114, 188, 62, 114, 62, 70, 179, 68, 95, 54, 188, 152, 95, 191, 59, 168, 148, 99, 152]. In this work, we disprove the deployment of cache coherence [58, 129, 128, 106, 154, 51, 176, 164, 76, 59, 134, 203, 193, 116, 65, 24, 123, 109, 48, 177]. Leat, our new system for reliable models, is the solution to all of these issues.
Varför kastar de sten? : om konflikter och erkännande

Under senare ar har raddningstjanst och polis blivit utsatta for stenkastning eller attackerats pa andra satt. I flera svenska stader har konflikter utbrutit mellan tonarspojkar och unga man pa ena sidan och poliser pa den andra. I denna rapport analyseras orsakerna till konflikterna med utgangspunkt i handelserna pa Herrgarden i Rosengard, Malmo ar 2008 och 2009. Vidare diskuteras mojliga atgarder for att komma tillratta med problemen. Rapporten vander sig till personer som i sitt yrkesliv ar intresserade av en djupare forstaelse av de forhallanden och mekanismer som kan leda till konfliktsituationer mellan myndigheter och ungdomar. Fem forhallanden ar centrala for att forsta konflikternas ursprung: · Levnadsvillkor som begransar manniskors ekonomiska och sociala forutsattningar. · Social och territoriell stigmatisering som fungerar utpekande mot vissa befolkningsgrupper och bostadsomraden. · Befolkningssammansattning dar stora grupper av tonarspojkar och unga man som kanner starkt framlingskap till samhallet kan bli drivande i konflikterna. · Olika former av vald dar det inte bara handlar om det direkt fysiska eller subjektiva valdet utan aven om ett symboliskt vald som handlar om hur nagon beskrivs eller talas om, samt systemiskt vald som stanger manniskor utanfor arbetsmarknad, mojligheter till utbildning m.m. Ungdomarnas egna forklaringar till stenkastning och konflikter ar missnoje med polisen, syssloloshet och spanning. En djupare analys visar pa behov av synliggorande, erkannande, social status men ocksa missnoje med levnadsvillkor och upplevd orattvisa. Medier spelar en viktig roll i de konfliktspiraler som utvecklas och blir en del i ungdomars satt att bli synliggjorda. I grunden handlar det om att grannskap och relationer till myndigheter inte fungerar och pa ett tidigt stadium kan hantera dessa problem. For att hantera problemen behovs en bred uppsattning av atgarder for att undvika marginalisering och stigmatisering, men ocksa satsning pa barn och ungdomar, stodja boendes kollektiva formaga samt utveckla forbattrade relationer med myndigheter. Raddningstjansten har en viktig uppgift att fylla och behover utveckla sitt arbetssatt i akuta situationer saval som i det forebyggande arbetet. Uppsokande arbete i bostadsomraden samt inriktning mot vissa malgrupper kan vara en vag. Detta kan leda till okad tillit mellan myndigheter och befolkningsgrupper och minska risken for sociala konflikter. Rapporten avslutas med diskussionsfragor som ocksa ar kopplade till dokumentarfilmen Det ar inte stenarna som gor ont – en film om moten och forandring som beskriver brand- och sakerhetsvardarnas arbete inom Raddningstjansten Syd.
Where the Grass is Greener: Collaborative Stakeholder Strategy Within the Context of Community Development

This paper explores issues of stakeholder strategy from the perspective of a grassroots environmental initiative seeking to promote a sustainable responsible community. Using a case study of the collaborative interaction this initiative had with representatives from government, business and voluntary associations, the relationship between stakeholder inclusion and social capital generation may be better understood. This understanding advances our knowledge of community stakeholder management and offers interesting parallels for business strategy in the area of corporate social responsibility.
Cloning and Functional Expression of the Human Islet GLP-1 Receptor: Demonstration That Exendin-4 Is an Agonist and Exendin-(9–39) an Antagonist of the Receptor

A complementary DNA for a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor was isolated from a human pancreatics islet cDNA library. The isolated clone encoded a protein with 90% identity to the rat receptor. In stably transfected fibroblasts, the receptor bound [125I]GLP-1 with high affinity (Kd = 0.5 nM) and was coupled to adenylate cyclase as detected by a GLP-1-dependent increase in cAMP production (EC50 = 93 pM). Two peptides from the venom of the lizard Heloderma suspectum, exendin-4 and exendin-(9–39), displayed similar ligand binding affinities to the human GLP-1 receptor. Whereas exendin-4 acted as an agonist of the receptor, inducing cAMP formation, exendin-(9–39) was an antagonist of the receptor, inhibiting GLP-1–induced cAMP production. Because GLP-1 has been proposed as a potential agent for treatment of NIDDM, our present data will contribute to the characterization of the receptor binding site and the development of new agonists of this receptor.
Google Chrome“难看”网页变好看

Safari 5发布了有些日子了，它新增的“阅读器”功能至今还让人津津乐道，当浏览网页文章时，文章中的内容非常干净，字体也很大，也没有了广告的困扰，提高了读者的阅读体验。 很多用户甚至为了这个功能而单独安装了一个Safarl，实际上完全不用这么麻烦，因为很多主流浏览器都有相关扩展可以实现这个效果。
Subduction in an Eddy-Resolving State Estimate of the Northeast Atlantic Ocean

Abstract : Are eddies an important contributor to subduction in the eastern subtropical gyre? Here, an adjoint model is used to combine a regional, eddy-resolving numerical model with observations to produce a state estimate of the ocean circulation. The estimate is a synthesis of a variety of in-situ observations from the Subduction Experiment, TOPEX/POSEIDON altimetry, and the MTI General Circulation Model. The adjoint method is successful because the Northeast Atlantic Ocean is only weakly nonlinear. The state estimate provides a physically-interpretable, eddy-resolving information source to diagnose subduction. Estimates of eddy subduction for the eastern subtropical gyre of the North Atlantic are larger than previously calculated from parameterizations in coarse-resolution models. Furthermore, eddy subduction rates have typical magnitudes of 15% of the total subduction rate. Eddies contribute as much as 1 Sverdrup to water-mass transformation, and hence subduction, in the North Equatorial Current and the Azores Current. The findings of this thesis imply that the inability to resolve or accurately parameterize eddy subduction in climate models would lead to an accumulation of error in the structure of the main thermocline, even in the relatively-quiescent eastern subtropical gyre.