Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pharmacogenomics in the Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Current Perspectives

Abstract Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease with heterogeneous causes that can lead to right ventricular (RV) failure and death if left untreated. There are currently 10 medications representative of five unique pharmacologic classes that are approved for treatment. These have led to significant improvements in overall clinical outcome. However, substantial variability in dosing requirements and treatment response is evident, leading to suboptimal outcome for many patients. Furthermore, dosing is empiric and iterative and can lead to delays in meeting treatment goals and burdensome adverse effects. Pharmacogenomic (PGx) associations have been reported with certain PAH medications, such as treprostinil and bosentan, and can explain some of the variability in response. Relevant genes associated with treprostinil include CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CAMK2D, and PFAS. CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 are the genes encoding the major metabolizing liver enzymes for treprostinil, and reduced function variants (*2, *3) with CYP2C9 were associated with lower treatment persistence. Additionally, a higher CYP2C9 activity score was associated with a significantly less risk of treatment discontinuation. Other genes of interest that have been explored with treprostinil include CAMK2D, which is associated with right ventricular dysfunction and significantly higher dose requirements. Similarly, PFAS is associated with lower concentrations of cyclic adenosine monophosphate and significantly higher dose requirements. Genes of interest with the endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA) class include GNG2 and CYP2C9. A genetic variant in GNG2 (rs11157866) was linked to a significantly increased rate of clinical improvement with ERAs. The *2 variant with CYP2C9 (encoding for the major metabolizing enzyme for bosentan) was significantly associated with a higher risk for elevations in hepatic aminotransferases and liver injury. In summary, this article reviews the relevant pharmacogenes that have been associated to date with dosing and outcome among patients who received PAH medications.
Deammonification Potential of Pig Slurries and Vapor Condensates from Sewage Sludge Drying—Substrate Quality and Inhibition

Deammonification is a well-established process for sludge liquor treatment and promising for wastewaters with high nitrogen loads because of its low energy demand compared to nitrification/denitrification. Two wastewaters with high NH4-N concentrations and a rising significance in Germany—pig slurry (12 samples) and condensates from sewage sludge drying (6 samples)—were studied for their deammonification potential. Furthermore, a comprehensive quality assessment is presented. Both wastewaters show a wide range in terms of CODt, CODs, TN and NH4-N, whereby condensates show a greater variability with no direct relation to dryer type or temperature. In the slurries, CODt shows a relative standard deviation of 106% (mean 21.1 g/L) and NH4-N of 33% (mean 2.29 g/L), while in condensates it reaches 148% for CODt (mean 2.0 g/L) and 122% for NH4-N (mean 0.7 g/L). No inhibition of ammonium-oxidizing-bacteria was detected in the slurries, while two out of five condensates showed an inhibition of >40%, one of >10% and two showed no inhibition at all. Since the inhibition could be avoided by mixing, deammonification can be recommended for condensate treatment. For slurry treatment, the importance of employing some form of solid-liquid-separation as a pretreatment was noted due to the associated COD.
Real phase retrieval by orthogonal complements and hyperplanes

The fundamental question concerning phase retrieval by projections in Rm is what is the least number of projections needed and what dimensions can be used. We will look at recent advances concerning phase retrieval by orthogonal complements and phase retrieval by hyperplanes which raise a number of problems which would give a complete answer to this fundamental problem.
Wildly ramified rigid G2$G_2$ ‐local systems

In earlier work of the author, rigid irregular connections with differential Galois group G2$G_2$ and whose slopes have numerator 1 were classified and new rigid connections were constructed. The same construction can be carried out for ℓ$\ell$ ‐adic local systems in the setting of positive characteristic. In this article, we provide the results that are needed to obtain the classification of wildly ramified rigid G2$G_2$ ‐local systems whose slopes have numerator 1. The overall strategy of the classification is very similar but the methods needed to obtain some invariants differ.
Role of mechanics in the appearance of oscillatory instability and standing waves of the mechanochemical activity in the Physarum polycephalum plasmodium

The modes of continuously distributed mechanochemical self-sustained oscillations (autowaves) exhibited by the Physarum plasmodium under different experimental conditions are reviewed. The role of the stretch-induced activation of contractile oscillations in the spatiotemporal self-organization of the plasmodium is elucidated. Different mathematical models describing contractile autowaves in ectoplasm and the streaming of the endoplasm are considered. Our mathematical models, which are based on the hypothesis of local positive feedback between the deformation and contraction of the contractile apparatus, are also presented. The feedback is mediated through a chemical regulatory system, whose kinetics involves the coupling to the mechanical strain. The mathematical analysis and computer simulations have demonstrated that the solutions of the models agree quantitatively with the experimental data. In particular, the only hydrodynamic interactions between the different parts of the plasmodium via the streaming endoplasm can lead to globally coordinated ectoplasmic contractions and vigorous shuttle endoplasmic streaming. These models, with empirically determined values of the viscoelastic parameters, well simulate the form and duration of the transient contractile processes observed after the isolation of the strands as well as the subsequent excitation of auto-oscillations and their stretch-induced activation under isotonic and isometric conditions.
Minimax Robust Quickest Change Detection in Systems and Signals With Unknown Transients

We consider the problem of quickly detecting an unknown change in a sequence of independent random variables with unknown transient (or time-varying) prechange and postchange distributions. We pose and solve novel robust versions of the popular Lorden and Bayesian quickest change detection criteria with unknown transients that belong to known uncertainty sets. Simulations of our robust solutions detecting additive changes in linear state-space systems suggest that they can outperform more computationally expensive rules.
Continuum Damage Modelling with Crack Induced Anisotropy

Constitutive relations based on continuum damage mechanics which may include anisotropy induced by damage growth along preferential directions are presented The general model is based on a numerical interpolation of the effective stress in the Kachanov-sense. To some extent it is a simplified microplane model where the behaviour of the damaged material is discretised in finite set of directions. The classical scalar damage model is recovered as a special case of approximation. Although it may appear to be simplistic, the scalar damage model is capable of capturing curved crack propagation very well. An orthotropic damage model is proposed and compared to the scalar model on a tension-shear problem with non proportional loading. Orthotropy yields a smaller influence of damage on the shear response of the material which may be more realistic. Finally, stiffness recovery due to crack closure is discussed in the framework of this model.
Acupuncture for neuropathic pain: focusing on the sympathetic nerve system

Following peripheral nerve injury, the sympathetic nervous system responds to noxious inputs that induce or exacerbate pain. Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sympathetic sprouting after peripheral nerve injury may induce abnormal firing of neurons. Moreover, the areas of the brain that respond to nociceptive stimuli overlap with those areas activated by the sympathetic nervous system. Acupuncture is a widely used alternative therapy for neuropathic pain. It has been demonstrated that it has positive effects on the regulation of function in the autonomic nervous system. Based on previous studies, there are several possibilities for the regulation of sympathetic nerves by using acupuncture to relieve neuropathic pain. Acupuncture may act on the brain areas of pain and the sympathetic nervous system, decrease sympathetic nerve activity during neuropathic pain, attenuate sympathetic sprouting, and reduce the abnormal firing of neurons. Further studies are required to confirm these hypotheses. This review will help to better understand the potential mechanisms of acupuncture in neuropathic pain. Graphical abstract: http://links.lww. com/AHM/A62.
Shell morphology and Raman spectra of epitaxial Ge−SixGe1−x and Si−SixGe1−x core-shell nanowires

We investigate the shell morphology and Raman spectra of epitaxial Ge−SixGe1−x and Si−SixGe1−x core−shell nanowire heterostructures grown using a combination of a vapor−liquid−solid (VLS) growth mechanism for the core, followed by in-situ epitaxial shell growth using ultra-high vacuum chemical vapor deposition. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy reveals that the VLS growth yields cylindrical Ge, and Si nanowire cores grown along the ⟨111⟩, and ⟨110⟩ or ⟨112⟩ directions, respectively. A hexagonal cross-sectional morphology is observed for Ge-SixGe1-x core-shell nanowires terminated by six {112} facets. Two distinct morphologies are observed for Si-SixGe1-x core-shell nanowires that are either terminated by four {111} and two {100} planes associated with the ⟨110⟩ growth direction or four {113} and two {111} planes associated with the ⟨112⟩ growth direction. We show that the Raman spectra of Si- SixGe1-x are correlated with the shell morphology thanks to epitaxial growth-induced strain, with t.
La Notion de Différentielle dans l'Enseignement

Poincaré, dans sa conférence prononcée au Musée pédagogique de Paris en 1904, déclarait déjà qu'ily avait lieu de penser en dérivées non en différentielles. II me semble utile pour l'enseignement de se conformer résolument à ce principe et d'abandonner les explications assez compliquées qui sont classiquement données sur le symbole d. Pour la différentielle premiére, passe encore : Je puis comprendre l'égalité accroissements infiniment petits.
Determining radius of convergence of Newton’s method using radius of curvature

In this paper, we propose a method on how to manage the convergence of Newton’s method if its iteration process encounters a local extremum. This idea establishes the osculating circle at a local extremum. It then uses the radius of the osculating circle also known as the radius of the curvature as an additional number of the local extremum. It then takes that additional number and combines it with the local extremum. This is then used as an initial guess in finding a root near to that local extremum. This paper will provide several examples which demonstrate that our idea is successful and they perform to fulfill the aim of this paper.
Resilience and Post-Traumatic Growth after Discriminatory Job Loss: The Case of Academics Dismissed after Turkey’s 2016 Coup

This study is about the impact of discriminatory job loss (DJL) on individual attitudes. It is based on interviews with 36 academics who were inequitably and involuntarily fired, and aggressively and punitively discriminated against. We extend previous research on workplace discrimination by exploring the effects of discriminatory job loss on a skilled workforce and by going beyond the job loss itself to examine coping mechanisms, resilience and post-traumatic growth. We found that gratitude, patience and optimism or pessimism about one’s future and career were leading individual factors in the ability to cope with discriminatory job loss. Such coping mechanisms, and their roles in resilience and post-traumatic growth, were described to us by academics in Turkey and abroad. Summary This study of DJL (discriminatory job loss) is a contribution to the literature on job loss and workplace discrimination. In particular, we aim to improve understanding of the psychological outcomes of job loss and termination while exploring their specific causes. Unlike previous studies, this one shows a hidden, unknown and veiled side of DJL, as changes in attitudes are hard to notice, or in some cases unnoticeable, until individuals act or speak out. We extend previous workplace discrimination research by exploring the effects of discriminatory job loss on skilled workers and by providing a broader perspective that includes positive aspects, such as resilience and post-traumatic growth. We found that gratitude, patience and optimism or pessimism about one’s future and career were leading determinants of the ability to cope with discriminatory job loss. Among academic victims of DJL, the ability to cope was key
An Improved Critical Set for List Decoding of Polar Codes

Polar codes have received significant attention as part of the 5G standard. The successive cancellation list (SCL) decoding can provide superior decoding performance compared with successive cancellation (SC) decoding. To improve the performance of SCL decoding, the key is to obtain the indices of the bit-channels which contribute the most to the elimination of the correct path. In this letter, we analyze the distribution of bit positions where the correct path is eliminated and propose an offline improved critical set (ICS) that obtains the index of the erroneous bit for SCL decoding. Numerical results show that ICS is an effective alternative to the conventional critical set (CS) for SCL decoding and the average computational complexity is reduced significantly without performance loss compared with CS.
Comparative Study to Assess the Level of Stress During Pregnancy Among Employed Women and Home Makers

: Couples feel delighted once they find out that they are going to welcome a newborn in the family. During pregnancy stress is a common emotion encountered by the women. Stress can cause serious health issues among foetus and pregnant women like elevated blood pressure, premature labour, IUGR and preterm. The objective of this study was to assess and compare the perceived stress among employed and home maker pregnant women. Comparative descriptive design was used. The study was conducted among the employed and home maker pregnant women in Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital, Puducherry, India. 110 pregnant (55 home maker + 55 employed women) women were selected by convenience sampling method. Modified pregnancy stress scale was used to collect the data and computed for analysis. The results of the study revealed that majority of the home maker belongs to the age group of 35 years (30.9%) and 41.8% of employed women belongs to 26-30 years. The mean score of stress among home maker pregnant women was 38.07±6.22 and among employed women it was 47.91±8.71. The mean difference was 9.84. The value of independent t- test was 6.814, significant at the level of p < 0.001. There was significant association found in the obstetrical complications, medication usage and their corresponding trimester among home maker pregnant women. Age, past obstetrical history, mode of conception and occupation were associated in employed pregnant women. It is concluded that employed women had more stress level than home makers
A Population-Based Study of Unfavorable Prognostic Factors Associated With Pyogenic Liver Abscess

Abstract Background Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is a rare entity that is associated with substantial mortality and morbidity. Our objective was to investigate variables associated with mortality and subsequent PLA in patients diagnosed with PLA in southern Sweden. Methods We conducted a population-based observational study comprising all episodes of PLA that occurred between 2011 and 2020 in the county of Skåne, southern Sweden. The primary outcome was defined as all-cause 90-day mortality and the secondary outcome was defined as the occurrence of a subsequent PLA. Results A total of 452 episodes of PLA occurred in 360 patients during the study period. The 90-day mortality rate was 16% (n = 58) and the subsequent PLA rate was 20% (n = 92). In a multivariable logistic regression model, female sex (odds ratio [OR], 2.0 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.1–3.9]), malignancy (OR, 3.7 [95% CI, 1.9–7.1]), liver failure (OR, 6.3 [95% CI, 2.7–14.5]), and polymicrobial findings (OR, 3.8 [95% CI, 2.2–6.9]) were associated with death within 90 days (P < .05). Male sex (OR, 2.1 [95% CI, 1.2–3.6]), malignancy (OR, 2.1 [95% CI, 1.3–3.6]), age (64–74 years: OR, 2.5 [95% CI, 1.3–4.8]), and chronic liver disease (OR, 3.0 [95% CI, 1.4–6.5]) were associated with the risk of subsequent PLA (P ≤ .01). Conclusions Identifying different clinical variables associated with an unfavorable outcome may improve the management and treatment of patients with PLA and thus prevent the risk of death and subsequent PLA.
Indium Arsenide/Gallium Arsenide Quantum Dots and Nanomesas: Multimillion-Atom Molecular Dynamics Solutions on Parallel Architectures.

Multimillion-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed to study the flat InAs overlayers with self-limiting thickness on GaAs square nanomesas. The in-plane lattice constant of InAs layers parallel to the InAs/GaAs(001) interface starts to exceed the InAs bulk value at 12th monolayer (ML) and the hydrostatic stresses in InAs layers become tensile above ~ 12th ML. As a result, it is not favorable to have InAs overlayers thicker than 12 ML. This may explain the experimental findings of the growth of flat InAs overlayers with self-limiting thickness of ~ 11 ML on GaAs nanomesas. We have also examined the lateral size effects on the stress distribution and morphology of InAs/GaAs square nanomesas using parallel molecular dynamics. Two mesas with the same vertical size but different lateral sizes are simulated. For the smaller mesa, a single stress domain is observed in the InAs overlayer, whereas two stress domains are found in the larger mesa. This indicates the existence of a critical lateral size for domain formation in accordance with recent experimental findings. The InAs overlayer in the larger mesa is laterally constrained to the GaAs bulk lattice constant but vertically relaxed to the InAs bulk lattice constant, consistent with the Poisson effect. Moreover, we have calculated surface energies of GaAs and InAs for the (100), (110), and (111) orientations. Both MD and the conjugate gradient method are used and the results are in excellent agreement. Surface reconstructions on GaAs(lOO) and InAs(IOO) are studied via the conjugate gradient method. We have developed a new model for GaAs(lOO) and InAs(lOO) surface atoms. Not only this model reproduces well the surface energies for the (100) orientation, it also yields (1x2) dimer lengths in accordance with Ab initio calculations. Finally, a series of molecular dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the behavior under load of several <001> and <011> symmetrical tilt grain boundaries
Manufacturing Export Performance, Public Capital and Proximity to the Technological Frontier of Countries*

Abstract The paper seeks to understand the pattern of manufacturing exports in 35 developed and developing countries and 99 industrial sectors over the period 1999-2013 using a methodological approach that relies on propositions of the neoclassical trade theory. Next to the impact of traditional factors such as the endowment of public capital, we look at the importance of accounting for public capital heterogeneity, by distinguishing countries based on their proximity to the technology frontier. We consider public capital as a non-rival factor, which has a property of “creation of atmosphere” in a model that treats factor intensity as a mechanism of industrial development. We use the system GMM technique to estimate the elasticities of public capital. Our results show that public capital plays a differentiated role in the capacity to export industrial goods depending on whether countries are far or close to the technological frontier.
Knowledge and Perception about Dental Implant and Its Complications among Dental and Medical Students—A Comparative Observational Survey

Introduction: As dental implants become more widely used, there is a need to raise awareness about their potential complications. Professionals in the dental and medical fields must take responsibility for educating the public, and future professionals in these fields will play a key role in this effort. Methodology: Dental and medical students were polled through online questionnaire, with questions posed in multiple-choice format, to gauge their knowledge of dental implants. Result: When medical students were compared with dental students, it concluded that the dental students have more knowledge about implants and its complication. Conclusion: The statistical analysis revealed that the knowledge about basics of implantology and implant complications was good amongst dental students than medical students which was statistically significant.
Preliminary Test Estimation of the Threshold in the Two-Parameter Exponential Distribution Based on Records and Minimax Regret Significance Levels

SYNOPTIC ABSRACT We consider preliminary test estimation of the threshold parameter of the two-parameter exponential distribution using record-breaking data. We use the minimax regret criterion on the risk function of the preliminary test estimator to obtain the optimal significance levels for the preliminary test. The optimal levels and the corresponding critical values are numerically obtained. An illustrative example is given.
Exploring cognitive trajectories and their association with physical performance: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

OBJECTIVES The long-term trends of cognitive function and its associations with physical performance remain unclear, particularly in Asian populations. The study objectives were to determine cognitive trajectories in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals, as well as to examine differences in physical performance across cognitive trajectory groups. METHODS Data were extracted from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. A total of 5,701 participants (47.7% male) with a mean age of 57.8 (standard deviation, 8.4) years at enrollment were included. A group-based trajectory model was used to identify cognitive trajectory groups for each sex. Grip strength, repeated chair stand, and standing balance tests were used to evaluate physical performance. An ordered logistic regression model was employed to analyze differences in physical performance across cognitive trajectory groups. RESULTS Three cognitive trajectory groups were identified for each sex: low, middle, and high. For both sexes, higher cognitive trajectory groups exhibited smaller declines with age. In the fully adjusted model, relative to the low trajectory group, the odds ratios (ORs) of better physical performance in the middle cognitive group were 1.37 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17 to 1.59; p<0.001) during follow-up and 1.40 (95% CI, 1.20 to 1.64; p<0.001) at the endpoint. The ORs in the high trajectory group were 1.94 (95% CI, 1.61 to 2.32; p<0.001) during follow-up and 2.04 (95% CI, 1.69 to 2.45; p<0.001) at the endpoint. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive function was better preserved in male participants and individuals with higher baseline cognitive function. A higher cognitive trajectory was associated with better physical performance over time.