Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A review on health benefits, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranean)

ABSTRACT Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranean) is an African legume that belongs to the family and subfamily of Fabaceae and Faboidea, respectively. It is becoming one of the most utilized legumes after being underutilized for many years in Africa. It is the third most significant legume after groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) and cowpea (Vigna hypogea). Bambara groundnut (BGN) is a complete food because of its richness in nutritional properties such as crude fiber, iron, protein, carbohydrate, fat and minerals. Moreover, BGN possesses antioxidants properties as it contains phytochemicals, such as tannins, flavonoids and phytic acids which possess health benefits for humans such as preventing diabetes, stroke, atherosclerosis, heart disease, cancer, Alzheimer and cardiovascular diseases. In addition, these phytochemicals extend the shelf life of food products and have antimicrobial properties which can inhibit microbial growth. This paper highlights the current findings on BGN nutritional composition, health benefits, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Therefore, it is advisable for food industry to exploit BGN grain to its full potential to tackle challenges of food security and nutrition globally.
Assessing sleep health dimensions in frontline registered nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: implications for psychological health and wellbeing

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic altered work environments of nurses, yielding high rates of stress and burnout. Potential protective factors, including effective sleep, may influence psychological health and wellbeing. Evidence about sleep in nurses may help develop interventions that mitigate burnout and poor psychological outcomes. A cross sectional survey was distributed across three hospitals to nurses in New York City (NYC). During the first wave of the pandemic (March–April 2020), NYC had the highest incidence of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases (915/100 000) and half of all COVID-related deaths nationwide. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine associations between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) global sleep score, PSQI sleep dimensions, and psychological health (burnout, depression, anxiety, and compassion fatigue), unadjusted and then controlling for individual and professional characteristics. More than half of the participants reported burnout (64%), depression, (67%), and anxiety (77%). Eighty percent of participants had PSQI global scores >5 (poor sleep) (mean 9.27, SD 4.14). Respondents reporting good sleep (PSQI ≤ 5) had over five times the odds of no burnout (OR: 5.65, 95% CI: 2.60, 12.27); increased odds of screening negative for depression (OR: 6.91, 95% CI: 3.24, 14.72), anxiety (OR: 10.75, 95% CI: 4.22, 27.42), and compassion fatigue (OR: 7.88, 95% CI: 1.97, 31.51). Poor subjective sleep quality PSQI subcomponent was associated with burnout (OR: 2.21, 95% CI: 1.41, 3.48) but sleep duration subcomponent was not (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.59, 1.19). Daytime dysfunction was significantly associated with all psychological outcomes. Sleep disturbances and medications yielded higher anxiety odds. Overall, sleep quality appears more strongly related to burnout than sleep duration in nurses working during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sleep interventions should target individual sleep dimensions in nurses.
Efficient Flatness Based Energy Management Strategy for Hybrid Supercapacitor/Lithium-ion Battery Power System

This article offers a flatness theory-based energy management strategy (FEMS) for a hybrid power system consisting of a supercapacitor (SC) and lithium-ion battery. The proposed FEMS intends to allocate the power reference for the DC/DC converters of both the battery and SC while attaining higher efficiency and stable DC bus voltage. First, the entire system model is analyzed theoretically under the differential flatness approach to reduce the model order as a flat system. Second, the proposed FEMS is validated under different load conditions using MATLAB/Simulink. Thus, this FEMS provides high-quality energy to the load and reduces the fluctuations in the bus voltage. Moreover, the performance of the FEMS is compared with the load following (LF) strategy. The obtained results show that the proposed FEMS meet the real load power under fast variations with good power quality compared to the classical LF strategy, where the maximum overshoot of the bus voltage is 5%.
Intrathecal Baclofen for Spasticity: Is There an Effect on Bladder Function? Report of Three Cases and Review of the Literature

Introduction: traumatic brain injury (TBI) is very often associated with spasticity. Medical interventions may include medications such as baclofen, a Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) -receptor agonist of poor lipid solubility. Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) administration is a contemporary treatment option which minimizes adverse effects in contrast with the oral form of the drug. Regarding low urinary tract dysfunction, TBI, as a suprapontine lesion, results in neurogenic detrusor overactivity. Frequency, urgency and urge incontinence are the predominant signs and symptoms of this condition. Our study aims to report the potential changes in bladder function in patients with spasticity, due to TBI, after the implantation of the baclofen pump and the control of spasticity. Material and Methods: We report three cases of TBI whose spasticity responded well to ITB. We evaluated our medical reports regarding bladder function retrospectively, before and after baclofen pump implantation. We compared the data of bladder diaries and urodynamic parameters. Results: Bladder function was improved in all patients. Regarding bladder diaries; the number of incontinence and micturition episodes was decreased and the volume per void was slightly increased. Regarding urodynamic parameters; bladder capacity and reflex volume increased, Pdetmax decreased, PVR was the same and DLPP was slightly decreased. Conclusions: Although the baclofen pump is implanted to treat spasticity, detrusor activity may be also affected. Therefore, patients’ urologic profiles should also be reevaluated after ITB. Further prospective studies are required to investigate the effect of ITB on bladder function in the clinical field and also at the basic science level.
Distributed Model Predictive Control for Heterogeneous Vehicle Platoon With Inter-Vehicular Spacing Constraints

This paper proposes a distributed control scheme for a platoon of heterogeneous vehicles based on the mechanism of model predictive control (MPC). The platoon composes of a group of vehicles interacting with each other via inter-vehicular spacing constraints, to avoid collision and reduce communication latency, and aims to make multiple vehicles driving on the same lane safely with a close range and the same velocity. Each vehicle is subject to both state constraints and input constraints, communicates only with neighboring vehicles, and may not know a priori desired setpoint. We divide the computation of control inputs into several local optimization problems based on each vehicle’s local information. To compute the control input of each vehicle based on local information, a distributed computing method must be adopted and thus the coupled constraint is required to be decoupled. This is achieved by introducing the reference state trajectories from neighboring vehicles for each vehicle and by employing the interactive structure of computing local problems of vehicles with odd indices and even indices. It is shown that the feasibility of MPC optimization problems is achieved at all time steps based on tailored terminal inequality constraints, and the asymptotic stability of each vehicle to the desired trajectory is guaranteed even under a single iteration between vehicles at each time. Finally, a comparison simulation is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed distributed MPC method for heterogeneous vehicle control with respect to normal and extreme scenarios.
A Geometric Approach to Study Aircraft Trajectories: The Benefits of OpenSky Network ADS-B Data

: To date, statistical analyses of aircraft trajectories have been under-exploited in the Airspace Trafﬁc Management (ATM) literature. One reason is the need for advanced methods to tackle the high sampling irregularities and temporal correlations that both characterize trajectories. Differential geometry provides a relevant framework to study trajectories. By modeling trajectories as parameterized curves, shape analysis allows us to answer operational questions. This work presents a geodesic distance that rigorously deﬁnes and quantiﬁes shape differences between aircraft trajectories. The key idea is to compare how the shape of a given trajectory changes from one popular data set (the Eurocontrol R&D data archive) to another one (OpenSky Network ADS-B data). Distances and geodesic paths are computed for a sample of ﬂights that departed from Toulouse–Blagnac (LFBO) and landed at Paris–Orly (LFPO) in 2019. Its use for clustering purposes is illustrated and discussed.
Machine Learning and Wearable Sensors for the Early Detection of Balance Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease

Dynamic posturography combined with wearable sensors has high sensitivity in recognizing subclinical balance abnormalities in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, this approach is burdened by a high analytical load for motion analysis, potentially limiting a routine application in clinical practice. In this study, we used machine learning to distinguish PD patients from controls, as well as patients under and not under dopaminergic therapy (i.e., ON and OFF states), based on kinematic measures recorded during dynamic posturography through portable sensors. We compared 52 different classifiers derived from Decision Tree, K-Nearest Neighbor, Support Vector Machine and Artificial Neural Network with different kernel functions to automatically analyze reactive postural responses to yaw perturbations recorded through IMUs in 20 PD patients and 15 healthy subjects. To identify the most efficient machine learning algorithm, we applied three threshold-based selection criteria (i.e., accuracy, recall and precision) and one evaluation criterion (i.e., goodness index). Twenty-one out of 52 classifiers passed the three selection criteria based on a threshold of 80%. Among these, only nine classifiers were considered “optimum” in distinguishing PD patients from healthy subjects according to a goodness index ≤ 0.25. The Fine K-Nearest Neighbor was the best-performing algorithm in the automatic classification of PD patients and healthy subjects, irrespective of therapeutic condition. By contrast, none of the classifiers passed the three threshold-based selection criteria in the comparison of patients in ON and OFF states. Overall, machine learning is a suitable solution for the early identification of balance disorders in PD through the automatic analysis of kinematic data from dynamic posturography.
Diagnosis of stator faults in induction motor based on zero sequence voltage after switch-off

To improve the accuracy of the stator winding fault diagnosis in induction motor, a new diagnostic method based on the Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) was proposed. The ratio of fundamental zero sequence voltage to positive sequence voltage after switch-off was selected as the stator fault characteristic, which could effectively avoid the influence of the supply unbalance and the load fluctuation, and directly represent the asymmetry in the stator. Using the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) based on HHT, the zero sequence voltage after switch-off was decomposed and the fundamental component was extracted. Then, the fault characteristic can be acquired. Experimental results on a 4-kW induction motor demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of this method.
Modeling of ion-acoustic soliton excitation through decay process of a localized perturbation

The possibility of the nonlinear decay of a localized perturbation into the ion-acoustic solitons is studied. The present paper is a theoretical attempt to model the experimental soliton excitation [S. Yi et al., Phys. Plasmas 4, 2436 (1997)] in which solitons are excited by a grid modulating near the ion plasma frequency. It has been reported that a localized wave was created near the grid that would decay nonlinearly into the ion-acoustic soliton and a wave packet [T. E. Sheridan et al., Phys. Plasmas 5, 3165 (1998)]. For this purpose, an unbounded plasma composed of the cold positively charged ions and hot electrons is considered. Electron trapping is included in the model as the result of their nonlinear resonant interaction with the localized potential well. A Gaussian initial perturbation is used to model the localized perturbation. The numerical calculation through a modified Korteweg–de Vries equation simulates the decay of the initial Gaussian perturbation into several ion-acoustic solitons and a.
Marker-assisted pyramiding of southern leaf blight resistance QTLs qSLB3.1 and qSLB8.1 in maize (Zea mays)

Southern leaf blight (SLB) is one of the major diseases that cause substantial yield losses in maize (Zea mays L.) worldwide. Stacking broad-spectrum resistance genes/QTLs into prevalent cultivars is the prerequisite for durable disease resistance breeding programme. Therefore, a study was carried at the research farm and molecular biology laboratory of School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab during 2017–21 to introgress SLB resistance QTLs from two donors, viz. CM139 (qSLB3.1) and LM5 (qSLB8.1) into CM140 inbred using marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB). Crosses were made between CM139 × CM140 and LM5 × CM140 to generate two separate F1s. Each F1 was backcrossed twice to generate BC2F1 progenies. Foreground selection was performed at each step using linked flanking markers to each QTL and also evaluated for SLB resistance. The selected heterozygous BC2F1 plants from each cross were inter-crossed to combine qSLB3.1 and qSLB8.1 in the same genetic background. The F2 population was also evaluated phenotypically for SLB resistance and other morphological traits. A total of 18 plants were obtained having both the QTLs with homozygous donor alleles. The F2 plants having both QTLs and singly in the homozygous state were advanced to generate F3 progenies. The pyramided lines exhibited 29% lesser disease severity than the lines with either QTL. The present results indicated that additive effects of the QTLs for SLB resistance played an important role among these lines. To our best knowledge, this is the first report for the pyramiding of QTLs associated with SLB resistance. The pyramided lines would serve as potential donors in maize breeding programs.
IgG4-related hypophysitis: A monocentric experience from North India

Background: Immunoglobulin (Ig)G4-related disease is a systemic fibroinflammatory disease characterized by dense infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells in the affected tissue(s) with or without elevated plasma levels of IgG4. Hypophysitis itself is a very rare disease with reported prevalence in the operative specimens are around 0.2–0.88%. IgG4-related hypophysitis (IgG4-RH) may account for a substantial percentage of cases previously regarded as idiopathic hypophysitis. Methods: This study is a registry-based, retrospective, and cohort study from a tertiary care hospital in North India. The medical records and clinical data of biopsy-proven and suspected IgG4-RH patients registered were retrospectively analyzed. Treatment outcome of cases was also explored during this analysis. Results: Two thousand and six sellar area space-occupying lesions have been operated-on since 2006, among them only four patients had IgG4-RH on histopathological specimen. One case was diagnosed on clinical suspicion. Mean age of the patients was 31.8 ± 6.32 years. Most frequent presenting complaint was headaches. Extracranial manifestations were present in four patients. The most common pituitary dysfunction was cortisol deficiency. 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F FDG PET) was helpful in three cases for diagnosis of hypophysitis and other organ involvement. Classical histological findings with storiform fibrosis, obliterative phlebitis seen in two cases, and IgG4-positive plasma cell infiltration were positive in four cases. Surgery was the primary modality of treatment in all four cases. Only one patient received steroids as a primary therapeutic modality. Conclusion: IgG4-RH is rare. High index of suspicion is required to diagnosis the case precisely. FDG PET is helpful in diagnosing hypophysitis and extrapituitary lesions.
FALCON gravity gradiometer technology

The BHP FALCON gravity gradiometer is a derivative of the Gravity Gradient Instrument (GGI) developed by Bell Aerospace (now Lockheed Martin) between 1975 and 1990. The basis of the GGI design is an accelerometer complement consisting of four accelerometers equi-spaced on a circle with their sensitive axes tangential to the circle. This configuration rejects both common mode acceleration and rotations about the axis perpendicular to the plane of the complement. The complement remains intrinsically sensitive to rotation rates about axes in the plane of the complement and is sensitive to the acceleration environment to the extent that there is imbalance in the accelerometer sensitivities. Rotation of the complement moves the gradient signal to twice the rotation frequency, away from the effects of low frequency accelerometer bias changes. The GGI is mounted in a high performance inertial stabilised platform to reduce rotation of the instrument so that its sensitivity to this motion does not represent a significant noise source. The GGI accelerometers are designed for very low noise, requiring hard evacuation, high pendulosity, low spring constant and attention to the constrainment loop. Accelerometer pairs are aligned with precision and their sensitivities and frequency responses are matched. The scale factor (sensitivity) and alignment of the sensitive axis of each accelerometer can be adjusted. These adjustments are made to minimise accelerometer imbalance by monitoring the response of the system to specific stimuli through compensation loops. Survey logistics were considered during development of the system and the result is a system which requires limited preparation, is largely automated during surveys, places few restrictions on flight planning and has been operated in harsh ambient conditions. Data processing is streamlined and data quality can be checked immediately after a flight.
Oncolytic Adenovirus, a New Treatment Strategy for Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer mortality in males. Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is an effective strategy to inhibit tumour growth at early stages. However, 10~50% of cases are estimated to progress to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) which currently lacks effective treatments. Clinically, salvage treatment measures, such as endocrine therapy and chemotherapy, are mostly used for advanced prostate cancer, but their clinical outcomes are not ideal. When the existing clinical therapeutic methods can no longer inhibit the development of advanced prostate cancer, human adenovirus (HAdV)-based gene therapy and viral therapy present promising effects. Pre-clinical studies have shown its powerful oncolytic effect, and clinical studies are ongoing to further verify its effect and safety in prostate cancer treatment. Targeting the prostate by HAdV alone or in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy sheds light on patients with castration-resistant and advanced prostate cancer. This review summarizes the advantages of oncolytic virus-mediated cancer therapy, strategies of HAdV modification, and existing preclinical and clinical investigations of HAdV-mediated gene therapy to further evaluate the potential of oncolytic adenovirus in prostate cancer treatment.
Effect of Hepatic Impairment on OATP1B Activity: Quantitative Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Endogenous Biomarker and Substrate Drugs

Hepatic impairment (HI) is known to modulate drug disposition and may lead to elevated plasma exposure. The aim of this study was to quantitate the in vivo OATP1B‐mediated hepatic uptake activity in populations with varying degrees of HI. First, we measured baseline levels of plasma coproporphyrin‐I, an endogenous OATP1B biomarker, in an open‐label, parallel cohort study in adult subjects with normal liver function and mild, moderate, and severe HI (n = 24, 6/cohort). The geometric mean plasma concentrations of coproporphyrin‐I were 1.66‐fold, 2.81‐fold (P < 0.05), and 7.78‐fold (P < 0.0001) higher in mild, moderate, and severe impairment than those healthy controls. Second, we developed a dataset of 21 OATP1B substrate drugs with HI data extracted from literature. Median disease‐to‐healthy plasma area under the curve (AUC) ratios for substrate drugs were ~ 1.4, 3.0, and 6.4 for mild, moderate, and severe HI, respectively. Additionally, significant linear relationship was noted between AUC ratios of substrate drugs without and with co‐administration of rifampin, a prototypic OATP1B inhibitor, and AUC ratios in moderate (P < 0.01) and severe (P < 0.001) HI. Third, a physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic model analysis was conducted with 10 substrate drugs following estimation of relative OATP1B functional activity in virtual disease population models using coproporphyrin‐I data and verification of substrate models with rifampin drug–drug interaction data. This approach adequately predicted plasma AUC change particularly in moderate (9 of 10 within 2‐fold) and severe (5 of 5 within 2‐fold) HI. Collective findings indicate progressive reduction, by as much as 90–92%, in OATP1B activity in the HI population.
The Impact of Emotional Labour on the Job Performance of Sales Staff: Company A

: The academic and practical circles believe that emotional labour has an important impact on organisational behavior and is a key component of employee performance. Sales employees are a typical emotional labor group, and their sales behaviour directly affects customers' purchasing behaviour and purchasing decisions. Under the prevailing background of emotional marketing concepts, research on them has significant practical significance. A large number of research results on emotional labour have emerged, but existing studies have more to explore the relationship between emotional labour and job burnout, job satisfaction and organisational commitment, and rarely involve research on the relationship between emotional labor and employee performance. In this context, this paper adopts the questionnaire survey method and takes Company A as the survey object. The results of the survey of the sales staff of this company show that emotional labour has a certain relationship with employee performance. This paper uses SPSS25.0 statistical analysis software, using correlation analysis and regression analysis to verify the three hypotheses proposed in this paper: (1) There is a positive correlation between deep acting and job performance; (2) There is a negative correlation between surface acting and job performance; (3) There is a positive correlation between spontaneous and genuine emotion and job performance.
Electric field effect on superconductivity in atomically thin flakes of NbSe 2

We studied the electric field effect on superconductivity in atomically thin flakes of ${\text{NbSe}}_{2}$ prepared by mechanical exfoliation. We found that these ${\text{NbSe}}_{2}$ flakes are superconducting down to a thickness of a single unit cell consisting of two molecular layers of ${\text{NbSe}}_{2}$ with an onset superconducting transition temperature $({T}_{c})$ up to 2.5 K. We demonstrated that the ${T}_{c}$ of the thinnest flakes can be modulated by an applied gate voltage with a ${T}_{c}$ shift as large as 200 mK, which is larger than expected from a simple consideration based on Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory. We discuss the possible reasons for the observed enhanced electric field modulation of ${T}_{c}$.