Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison analysis of sampling methods to estimate regional precipitation based on the Kriging interpolation methods: A case of northwestern China

The accuracy of spatial interpolation of precipitation data is determined by the actual spatial variability of the precipitation, the interpolation method, and the distribution of observatories whose selections are particularly important. In this paper, three spatial sampling programs, including spatial random sampling, spatial stratified sampling, and spatial sandwich sampling, are used to analyze the data from meteorological stations of northwestern China. We compared the accuracy of ordinary Kriging interpolation methods on the basis of the sampling results. The error values of the regional annual precipitation interpolation based on spatial sandwich sampling, including ME (0.1513) , RMSE (95.91) , ASE (101.84) , MSE (-0.0036) , and RMSSE (1.0397) , were optimal under the premise of abundant prior knowledge. The result of spatial stratified sampling was poor, and spatial random sampling was even worse. Spatial sandwich sampling was the best sampling method, which minimized the error of regional precipitation estimation. It had a higher degree of accuracy compared with the other two methods and a wider scope of application.
THE ANNALS OF " DUNAREA DE JOS " UNIVERSITY OF GALATI FASCICLE

Finding association rules is mainly based on generating larger and larger frequent set candidates, starting from frequent attributes in the database. The frequent sets can be organised as a part of a lattice of concepts according to the Formal Concept Analysis approach. Since the lattice construction is database contents-dependent, the pseudo-intents (see Formal Concept Analysis) are avoided. Association rules between concept intents (closed sets) A=>B are partial implication rules, meaning that there is some data supporting A and (not B); fully explaining the data requires finding exceptions for the association rules. The approach applies to Oracle databases, via SQL queries.
Sparse Point Cloud Registration Network with Semantic Supervision in Wilderness Scenes

The registration of laser point clouds in complex conditions in wilderness scenes is an important aspect in the research field of autonomous vehicle navigation. It serves as the foundation for solving problems such as environment reconstruction, map construction, navigation and positioning, and pose estimation during the motion process of autonomous vehicles using laser radar sensors. Due to the sparse structured features, uneven point cloud density, and high noise levels in wilderness scenes, achieving reliable and accurate point cloud registration is challenging. In this paper, we propose a semantic-supervised sparse point cloud registration network (S3PCRNet) aiming to achieve effective registration of laser point clouds in wilderness large-scale scenes. Firstly, a local feature aggregation module is designed to extract the local structural features of the point cloud. Then, based on rotation position encoding, a randomly grouped self-attention mechanism is proposed to obtain the global features of the point cloud through learning. A semantic information weight matrix is calculated to filter out negligible points. Subsequently, a semantic fusion feature module is utilised to find reliable correspondences between point clouds. Finally, the proposed method is trained and evaluated on both the RELLIS-3D dataset and a self-made Off-road-3D dataset.
Impact of groundwater representation on heat events in regional climate simulations over Europe

Abstract. The representation of groundwater is simplified in most regional climate models (RCMs), potentially leading to biases in the simulations. This study introduces a unique dataset from the regional Terrestrial Systems Modelling Platform (TSMP) driven by the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model at Low Resolution (MPI-ESM-LR) boundary conditions in the context of dynamical downscaling of global climate models (GCMs) for climate change studies. TSMP explicitly simulates full 3D soil and groundwater dynamics together with overland flow, including complete water and energy cycles from the bedrock to the top of the atmosphere. By comparing the statistics of heat events, i.e., a series of consecutive days with a near-surface temperature exceeding the 90th percentile of the reference period, from TSMP and those from GCM–RCM simulations with simplified groundwater dynamics from the COordinated Regional Climate Downscaling EXperiment (CORDEX) for the European domain, we aim to improve the understanding of how groundwater representation affects heat events in Europe. The analysis was carried out using RCM outputs for the summer seasons of 1976–2005 relative to the reference period of 1961–1990. While our results show that TSMP simulates heat events consistently with the CORDEX ensemble, there are some systematic differences that we attribute to the more realistic representation of groundwater in TSMP. Compared to the CORDEX ensemble, TSMP simulates fewer hot days (i.e., days with a near-surface temperature exceeding the 90th percentile of the reference period) and lower interannual variability and decadal change in the number of hot days on average over Europe. TSMP systematically simulates fewer heat waves (i.e., heat events lasting 6 d or more) compared to the CORDEX ensemble; moreover, they are shorter and less intense. The Iberian Peninsula is particularly sensitive with respect to groundwater. Therefore, incorporating an explicit 3D groundwater representation in RCMs may be a key in reducing biases in simulated duration, intensity, and frequency of heat waves in Europe. The results highlight the importance of hydrological processes for the long-term regional climate simulations and provide indications of possible potential implications for climate change projections.
Influence of climate and fisheries on the demography of giant petrels

3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . 4 LIST OF TABLES . 8 LIST OF FIGURES . 10 LIST OF APPENDICES . 12 AUTHOR’S DECLARATION . 14 CHAPTER 1. General Introduction . 17 1.1. Demographic studies in a changing world . 18 1.2. Giant petrels as a study system . 21 1.3. Thesis outline . 26 CHAPTER 2. Global patterns of sexand age-specific variation in seabird bycatch . 29 ABSTRACT . 30 2.
ANNALES DE L’INSTITUT FOURIER

— In the present work we ﬁnd useful and explicit necessary and suﬃcient conditions for linear and multilinear multiplier operators of Coifman– Meyer type, ﬁnite sum of products of Calderón–Zygmund operators, and also of intermediate types to be bounded from a product of Lebesgue or Hardy spaces into a Hardy space. These conditions state that the symbols of the multipliers σ ( ξ 1 ,.,ξ m ) and their derivatives vanish on the hyperplane ξ 1 + ··· + ξ m = 0. Résumé. — Dans ce travail, on donne des conditions utilisables et explicites pour que des multiplicateurs linéaires et multilinéaires de type Coifman-Meyer, des sommes de produits d’opérateurs de Calderon-Zygmund, et aussi des opérateurs de type in-termédiaire, soient bornés de produits d’espaces de Lebesgue ou de Hardy dans un espace de Hardy. Ces conditions aﬃrment que les symboles des multiplicateurs σ ( ξ 1 ,.,ξ m ) et leurs dérivées s’annulent sur l’hyperplan ξ 1 + ··· + ξ m = 0.
Experimental study on the rate dependent strength of ice‐silica mixture with silica volume fractions up to 0.63

We conducted deformation experiments of ice‐1 μm silica beads mixture to clarify the effects of silica beads volume fraction and temperature on the strength. The silica beads volume fraction was changed from 0 to 0.63 to simulate the surfaces of icy bodies. Unconfined uniaxial compression tests were made in a cold room at the temperatures from −10°C to −25°C and the constant strain rates ranged from 2.9 × 10−3 to 8.5 × 10−7 s−1. We determined the rate dependent strength of the mixture written by = A · σmaxn from the relationship between the maximum stress, σmax, on the stress‐strain curve and the applied strain rate, . At −10°C, the mixtures with silica volume fractions of 0.004–0.04 had almost the same strength with pure ice and the stress exponent, n, is about 3. On the other hands, at the silica volume fractions more than 0.15, the mixture became harder as the beads were more included, and it had the same stress exponent, about 6. This high stress exponent might be caused by crack generation. Also, we found that the A for silica volume fractions more than 0.15 was written by an exponential equation related to the silica volume fraction, ϕ, A = 6.86 × 10−8exp(−6.35ϕ). Furthermore, we found that the n of ϕ = 0.15 was independent of the temperature, and the brittle‐ductile boundary of ϕ = 0.29 and 0.63 was more than 30°C higher than that of pure ice.
Hypertensive Heart Disease: Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Treatment

Hypertensive heart disease (HHD) presents a substantial global health burden, spanning a spectrum from subtle cardiac functional alterations to overt heart failure. In this comprehensive review, we delved into the intricate pathophysiological mechanisms governing the onset and progression of HHD. We emphasized the significant role of neurohormonal activation, inflammation, and metabolic re-modeling in HHD pathogenesis, offering insights into promising therapeutic avenues. Additionally, this review provided an overview of contemporary imaging diagnostic tools for precise HHD severity assessment. We discussed in detail the current potential treatments for HHD, including pharmacologic, lifestyle, and intervention devices. This review aimed to underscore the global importance of HHD and foster a deeper understanding of its pathophysiology, ultimately contributing to improved public health outcomes
Near mantle solidus trace element partitioning at pressures up to 3.4 GPa

We present new experimental partitioning data for a range of petrogenetically important elements at pressures of up to 3.4 GPa. The experiments are designed to mimic low degrees of anhydrous melting beneath mid‐ocean ridges. The available data indicate that the partition coefficients are pressure, temperature, and composition dependent. Therefore partitioning behavior over the appropriate range of pressure, temperature, and composition must be quantified, in order to model continuous extraction of melt during the adiabatic rise of mantle material. For this purpose, we have parameterized the partitioning behavior of the REE, Hf, Zr, U, and Th based on a simple thermodynamic model. Although these parameterizations cannot be used for retrieving thermodynamic constants yet, they do yield accurate descriptions of the partitioning behavior that are useful for modeling decompression melting. Our parameterizations show that the partitioning of trace elements is strongly dependent on the Ca and Al‐content of the clinopyroxene (cpx) and REE are always incompatible in cpx on the peridotite solidus at pressures up to 3.4 GPa. For garnet the data indicate that the heavy REE partition coefficients decrease with increasing pressure. Our data also indicates that Pb is more incompatible than Ce in clinopyroxene; Ce and Pb have similar partition coefficients in garnet. Therefore the presence of a residual phase with high Pb partition coefficients is required to produce the near‐constant Ce/Pb ratios in MORB and OIB. Sulfides are the most likely phase to buffer the Pb content in the melt. Except at small porosities (<0.3%), clinopyroxene on the peridotite solidus is unable to fractionate U from Th significantly (15% 230Th‐excess), whereas garnet can fractionate U from Th effectively at porosities up to 1%. Therefore if the 230Th‐excesses in mid‐ocean ridge basalts are melting phenomena, then melting with garnet residual is required in order to be compatible with physical observations on porosities and upwelling rate at mid‐ocean ridges. New model calculations that include the compositional dependent partitioning of the trace elements show that the predicted physical characteristics (depth and extent of melting, upwelling rate, porosity) of the MORB melting regime are similar for the Lu/Hf, Sm/Nd, and U‐Th systems.
Miscellaneous new species in the Gesneriaceae

Epiphytic or terrestrial shrub; stems upright or ascending, sparsely branching, ca. 1 m tall, quadrangular, 5-8 mm in diameter, proximally green, distally tan, strigillose, the internodes 2-7 cm long; leaf pairs equal or subequal, the petiole 3-5 cm long, green, strigillose, the lamina broadly elliptic, ca. 12-17 X 6.5-9 cm, acuminate, serrulate, cuneate, dark green above, lighter green often flushed with red below, strigillose, the lateral pairs of veins 5-7. Inflorescence reduced to solitary, axillary flowers, the peduncle absent, the subtending bract lanceolate, ca. 8 X 2 mm, green, strigillose, the pedicel 0.8-1.4 cm long, green suffused with red, strigillose; calyx lobes subequal, lanceolate, ca. 2.4 X 0.6 cm, acuminate, entire, green suffused with red, strigillose; corolla oblique in the calyx, ca. 4 cm long, spurred, infundibular, white, puberulous, the lobes unequal, rounded, erose, the dorsal and lateral lobes ca. 5 X 7 mm, the ventral lobe ca. 6 X 8 mm, the tube inside glabrous; stamens 4, included, the filaments adnate to the base of the corolla tube for 2 mm, ca. 2.6 cm long, white, glabrous, the anthers coherent, oblong, sagittate, each anther 5X2 mm, the thecae dehiscing by basal pores; ovary superior, cone-shaped, ca. 5 mm long, maroon, strigillose, the style ca. 2.6 cm long, white, strigose, the stigma bilobed; nectary reduced to a doubleconnate, dorsal gland, ca. 2.4 X 2 mm, maroon, glabrous. Fruit not seen.
Correlation between neurofilament, HMGB1, MMP9, ds DNA blood levels and cognitive impairment in patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus

Background: Diagnosis of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is challenging due to nonspecific biomarkers. High serum levels of neurofilament protein light subunit (NFL), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and have been reported in several autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to examine whether their plasma levels could serve as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for NPSLE. Methods: There were 90 SLE patients enrolled in this cross-sectional study (87.8% women and 12.2% men with a mean age of 41.67±11.05 years). We assessed the mental status of patients, also we measured the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) and Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/ACR (SLICC/ ACR) Damage Index or SDI scores. Serum levels of NFL, HMGB1, MMP9, and ds-DNA were investigated to find a role in the pathophysiology of NPSLE. Results: Among the 90 patients with SLE, 63 (70%) met the criteria of NPSLE syndrome. Our results have shown a notable difference concerning SEDIAC-2k score, SDI score, PANS, MoCA, and Beck anxiety depression, between the two groups (p < 0.05). Although serum level of all measured serum biomarkers (NFL, MMP-9, HMGB1, dsDNA) were higher in patients with NPSLE, the difference was not statistically significant. Interestingly, our results showed that the serum level of NFL was correlated with the serum level of HMGB-1 and MMP-9. (r: 0.411, P=0.003). Conclusion: Serum level of NFL, HMGB-1 and MMP-9 may be used to detect abnormal mental status in patients with SLE.
Investigating the association between blood metabolites and telomere length: A mendelian randomization study

Background Telomere length refers to the protective cap at the end of chromosomes, and it plays a crucial role in many diseases. The objective of this study is to explore the relationship between blood metabolites and telomere length, aiming to identify novel biological factors that influence telomere length. Methods In this study, we extracted genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for blood metabolites from a sample of 7824 Europeans. Additionally, GWAS data for telomere length were obtained from the Open GWAS database (GWAS ID: ieu-b-4879). The primary analysis of this study utilized the random inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. Complementary analyses were also conducted using the MR-Egger and weighted median approaches. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the findings. These included the Cochran Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO, and leave-one-out analysis. To investigate the possibility of reverse causation, reverse MR analysis was conducted. Additionally, multivariable MR was utilized to evaluate the direct effect of metabolites on telomere length. Results The results suggested a potential association between 15-methylpalmitate, taurocholate, levulinate, and X-12712 and telomere length. MVMR analysis further showed that 15-methylpalmitate, taurocholate, and levulinate can directly influence telomere length, regardless of other metabolites. Conclusions This study suggests that 15-methylpalmitate, taurocholate, and levulinate are likely factors correlated with telomere length. These findings will contribute to the development of strategies for protecting telomeres, preventing related diseases, and establishing a new biological foundation for achieving healthy aging.
Pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain affects balance in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy

Introduction During pregnancy, many changes in the musculoskeletal system and pregnancy-related disorders affect posture and postural stability. Pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain (PPGP) is a common disorder in pregnancy; the cause remains unknown. The purpose of the present study was to determine if PPGP affects static postural stability and its relation to the stage of pregnancy. Methods Sixty-three pregnant women between the ages of 18 and 45 and between the 12th and 38th weeks of gestation were included in the study. They were divided into four groups according on the trimester and the presence of PPGP. Static balance was assessed using a force plate on firm and compliant surfaces with eyes open and closed. Results Pregnant women with PPGP had significantly (p < 0.05) greater centre-of-pressure velocity and sway area compared to pregnant women without PPGP, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy. In the second trimester, only two significant differences in COP parameters were observed between pregnant women with and without PPGP. Pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy had significantly (p < 0.05) greater centre-of-pressure velocity and larger postural sway area compared to pregnant women in the second trimester of pregnancy, regardless of PPGP. Discussion and conclusion Pregnant women with PPGP had poorer static stability when compared to pregnant women without pain, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy. The cause could be found in the poorer ability to stabilise the trunk and pelvis, poorer proprioception, and issues with automatic movement patterns.
Effectiveness of Facetectomy in Correction of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Introduction: Surgical correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) using the facetectomy technique with the utilization of segmental pedicle screws aims to achieve correction of coronal and sagittal imbalances and preserve normal neurological function. In this study, we aimed to certify the effectiveness of the facetectomy technique in the correction of AIS by analyzing technique outcomes. Methods: This is a retrospective, single-center study. From January 2018 to March 2022, a total of 51 patients with AIS who underwent inferior facetectomy with segmental pedicle screw constructs at the Royal Rehabilitation Center were reviewed. Radiological parameters including the major curve Cobb angle, and global coronal balance were evaluated preoperatively, postoperatively, and at the final follow-up. Surgical parameters and complications were also reported. Results: The mean major curve Cobb angle was 59.5 ± 4.9° preoperatively, 13.6 ± 2.7° postoperatively, and 14.5 ± 2.6° at the final follow-up, with correction rates of 77.2% and 75.7%, respectively. The mean global coronal balance was 2.7 ± 1.1 cm preoperatively, 1.7 ± 0.73 cm postoperatively, and 1.4 ± 0.55 cm at the final follow-up. Two cases of pleural injuries were reported intraoperatively. Postoperatively, two cases experienced superficial wound infections, one experienced pulmonary embolism, and one patient had revision surgery due to the loosening of a single screw. None of these complications lasted long. Conclusions: When combined with posterior segmental pedicle screw constructs, inferior facetectomy can provide an effective rate of correction in a reasonably safe manner.
Attending physicians’ annual service volume and use of virtual end-of-life care: A population-based cohort study in Ontario, Canada

Importance Physicians and their practice behaviors influence access to healthcare and may represent potentially modifiable targets for practice-changing interventions. Use of virtual care at the end-of-life significantly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, but its association with physician practice behaviors, (e.g., annual service volume) is unknown. Objective Measure the association of physicians’ annual service volume with their use of virtual end-of-life care (EOLC) and the magnitude of physician-attributable variation in its use, before and during the pandemic. Design, setting and participants Population-based cohort study using administrative data of all physicians in Ontario, Canada who cared for adults in the last 90 days of life between 01/25/2018-12/31/2021. Multivariable modified Poisson regression models measured the association between attending physicians’ use of virtual EOLC and their annual service volume. We calculated the variance partition coefficients for each regression and stratified by time period before and during the pandemic. Exposure Annual service volume of a person’s attending physician in the preceding year. Main outcomes and measures Delivery of ≥1 virtual EOLC visit by a person’s attending physician and the proportion of variation in its use attributable to physicians. Results Among the 35,825 unique attending physicians caring for 315,494 adults, use of virtual EOLC was associated with receiving care from a high compared to low service volume attending physician; the magnitude of this association diminished during the pandemic (adjusted RR 1.25 [95% CI 1.14, 1.37] pre-pandemic;1.10 (95% CI 1.08, 1.12) during the pandemic). Physicians accounted for 36% of the variation in virtual EOLC use pre-pandemic and 12% of this variation during the pandemic. Conclusions and relevance Physicians’ annual service volume was associated with use of virtual EOLC and physicians accounted for a substantial proportion of the variation in its use. Physicians may be appropriate and potentially modifiable targets for interventions to modulate use of EOLC delivery.