Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Transcriptome Sequencing and Endogenous Phytohormone Content of Annual Grafted Branches of Zelkova schneideriana and Its Dwarf Variety HenTianGao

Zelkova schneideriana is a fast-growing tree species endemic to China. Recent surveys and reports have highlighted a continued decline in its natural populations; therefore, it is included in the Red List of Threatened Species by The International Union for Conservation of Nature. A new variety “HenTianGao” (H) has been developed with smaller plant height, slow growth, and lower branching points. In this study, we attempted to understand the differences in plant height of Z. schneideriana (J) and its dwarf variety H. We determined the endogenous hormone content in the annual grafted branches of both J and H. J exhibited higher gibberellic acid (GA)-19 and trans-Zeatin (tZ) levels, whereas H had higher levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) catabolite 2-oxindole-3-acetic acid (OxIAA), IAA-Glu conjugate, and jasmonic acid (JA) (and its conjugate JA-Ile). The transcriptome comparison showed differential regulation of 20,944 genes enriched in growth and development, signaling, and metabolism-related pathways. The results show that the differential phytohormone level (IAA, JA, tZ, and GA) was consistent with the expression of the genes associated with their biosynthesis. The differences in relative OxIAA, IAA-Glu, GA19, trans-Zeatin, JA, and JA-Ile levels were linked to changes in respective signaling-related genes. We also observed significant differences in the expression of cell size, number, proliferation, cell wall biosynthesis, and remodeling-related genes in J and H. The differences in relative endogenous hormone levels, expression of biosynthesis, and signaling genes provide a theoretical basis for understanding the plant height differences in Z. schneideriana.
Seismic ground-motion hazard mapping incorporating site effects for Los Angeles, Orange, and Ventura counties, California: A geographical information system application

The seismic ground motion hazard with site conditions incorporated is mapped for a 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years for the three counties affected by the 1994 Northridge earthquake (Mw 6.7). The source model of Petersen et al. (1996) was used to calculate peak horizontal acceleration (pga) and 5% damped spectral acceleration (SA) levels at 0.3- and 1-sec periods for alluvium, soft-rock, and hard-rock site conditions. A geologic map that differentiates the three site conditions was produced using shear-wave velocity maps of Tinsley and Fumal (1985) and extended into other areas that were not mapped by Tinsley and Fumal using 1:250,000 scale geologic maps. Ground-motion maps for each site condition were overlaid with the geologic map to produce the resulting hazard maps. The effect of geology on the hazard is observed only slightly in the peak ground acceleration map, more in the 0.3-sec SA map, and significantly more in the 1-sec SA map. The uncertainties for ground motions represented on these three maps ranges from 0.1 to 0.3 g for pga and 0.2 to 1.0 for SA; in general, 95% confidence limits are about ±50% of the mean ground-motion value.
Trajectoires territoriales et « empreinte » de l'histoire : le cas de Grasse et de la Ciotat en région PACA

This paper presents the results of research into the processes of transition that have been at work over the past 25 years in two French clusters in the South East region. In these areas, the emergence and development of long term economic activity was rooted in the presence of abundant physical resources which used to be specific and almost non transferable because they were linked with geographical characteristics. At the same time, the physical space constituted the “matrix" of the economic and social space. Today, the nature of the relevant resources has changed. They are no more material and associated with the physical space, but more and more immaterial and associated with the organised space. Our objective here is to analyse this transition, in particular, because this process of dematerialisation implies more cooperation between local, private or public, actors. The unifying thread guiding our investigation was the analysis of proximities, whether they be geographical, organisational or institutional. But at the same time, history is critical to understand the way the transition is operating. History leaves physical, social and cognitive imprints on territories. All these imprints are of crucial importance as they play as catalysts or as barriers for cooperation.
A study of factors affecting the length of hospital stay (LOS) of COVID-19 patients: A qualitative evidence in Iranian hospital

BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to identify the administrators' and physicians' experiences and viewpoints about the factors affecting the length of stay (LOS) of COVID-19 patients and provide valid operational evidence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The current study was carried out qualitatively and phenomenologically on experts, officials, and administrators of hospitals in 2021. Purposeful sampling was performed with the maximum diversity. To achieve a comprehensive view, snowball sampling was conducted. Twenty-one experts in the field of healthcare and emerging diseases participated in this study. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data. The study sites were universities of medical sciences and hospitals of the Ministry of Health of Iran. The interview questions included questions about the factors affecting the LOS and strategies for controlling the LOS of COVID-19 patients in infectious units. Text analysis was performed through the content analysis method in MAXQDA-10 software. RESULTS: Based on the experts' viewpoints, several factors affected the LOS in COVID-19 patients. These factors were divided into five clinical, preclinical, economic, social, and management subcategories. The proposed solutions included policy solutions (supportive policies, development of home care services, training and culture building, and establishment of clinical guidelines) and operational solutions (drug management, promotion of equipment and facilities, telehealth or telemedicine services, and promotion of clinical and support processes). CONCLUSION: One of the main tasks of hospital administrators is identifying the factors affecting the reduction of LOS. Among these factors, clinical and management factors in the hospital are more important and need more planning and attention by hospital officials.
Stage‐Slope‐Discharge Relationships Upstream of River Confluences Revealed by Satellite Altimetry

With increasing coverage, density, and accuracy of the global inland water altimetry record, remote sensing observations of water surface elevation (WSE) and water surface slope (WSS) are becoming available for the world's rivers. In steady, uniform flows, WSS is invariable, while there is a unique one‐to‐one relationship between WSE and discharge, the rating curve. While the assumptions of steady uniform flow are appropriate for many rivers, they are violated upstream of river confluences. We present a simple analytical hydraulic model of river confluences using the theory of steady, gradually varied flow. We apply the model to four river confluences in the Mississippi‐Missouri river system. We determine the spatial extent of the backwater‐affected zones and map WSE‐discharge and WSS‐discharge relationships. We show that coincident measurements of WSE and WSS from new satellite altimetry missions effectively constrain discharge estimates from space in the backwater‐affected zones upstream of river confluences.
Warm Cells, Hot Mitochondria: Achievements and Problems of Ultralocal Thermometry

Temperature is a crucial regulator of the rate and direction of biochemical reactions and cell processes. The recent data indicating the presence of local thermal gradients associated with the sites of high-rate thermogenesis, on the one hand, demonstrate the possibility for the existence of “thermal signaling” in a cell and, on the other, are criticized on the basis of thermodynamic calculations and models. Here, we review the main thermometric techniques and sensors developed for the determination of temperature inside living cells and diverse intracellular compartments. A comparative analysis is conducted of the results obtained using these methods for the cytosol, nucleus, endo-/sarcoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria, as well as their biological consistency. Special attention is given to the limitations, possible sources of errors and ambiguities of the sensor’s responses. The issue of biological temperature limits in cells and organelles is considered. It is concluded that the elaboration of experimental protocols for ultralocal temperature measurements that take into account both the characteristics of biological systems, as well as the properties and limitations of each type of sensor is of critical importance for the generation of reliable results and further progress in this field.
Robust CNN architecture for classification of reach and grasp actions from neural correlates: an edge device perspective

Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) systems traditionally use machine learning (ML) algorithms that require extensive signal processing and feature extraction. Deep learning (DL)-based convolutional neural networks (CNNs) recently achieved state-of-the-art electroencephalogram (EEG) signal classification accuracy. CNN models are complex and computationally intensive, making them difficult to port to edge devices for mobile and efficient BCI systems. For addressing the problem, a lightweight CNN architecture for efficient EEG signal classification is proposed. In the proposed model, a combination of a convolution layer for spatial feature extraction from the signal and a separable convolution layer to extract spatial features from each channel. For evaluation, the performance of the proposed model along with the other three models from the literature referred to as EEGNet, DeepConvNet, and EffNet on two different embedded devices, the Nvidia Jetson Xavier NX and Jetson Nano. The results of the Multivariant 2-way ANOVA (MANOVA) show a significant difference between the accuracies of ML and the proposed model. In a comparison of DL models, the proposed models, EEGNet, DeepConvNet, and EffNet, achieved 92.44 ± 4.30, 90.76 ± 4.06, 92.89 ± 4.23, and 81.69 ± 4.22 average accuracy with standard deviation, respectively. In terms of inference time, the proposed model performs better as compared to other models on both the Nvidia Jetson Xavier NX and Jetson Nano, achieving 1.9 sec and 16.1 sec, respectively. In the case of power consumption, the proposed model shows significant values on MANOVA (p < 0.05) on Jetson Nano and Xavier. Results show that the proposed model provides improved classification results with less power consumption and inference time on embedded platforms.
APROVEITAMENTO DE BIOMASSA RESIDUAL EM ENGENHO DE ARROZ PARA GERAÇÃO DE ENERGIA EM UMA MICRO CENTRAL TERMELÉTRICA

Resumo: Neste estudo, é efetuada a avaliação da viabilidade econômica e ambiental para uma central termoelétrica de pequena escala, que utiliza resíduo de casca de arroz para produção de energia. O sistema modular utilizado é constituído por uma turbina a vapor suportada por um chassi, que serve como reservatório de óleo lubrificante, formando um conjunto chamado de Micro Central Termoelétrica (MCT). A potência nominal instalada foi de 280 kW, sendo que produziu até 110 kW na safra e em torno de 225 kW fora da safra. Em 2005 foram processados aproximadamente 6.540 toneladas de casca de arroz pela unidade onde foi instalada a MCT, sendo depositada em um aterro próximo ao engenho. O total referente à mitigação de metano foi estimado em 186 toneladas por ano ou 6.003 tCO 2 eq/ano, a parcela devido à redução do consumo de energia da rede elétrica constitui 312,31 tCO 2 eq/ano, de forma
Biological Impact of Organic Extracts from Urban-Air Particulate Matter: An In Vitro Study of Cytotoxic and Metabolic Effects in Lung Cells

Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) with diameters below 10 µm (PM10) may enter the lungs through inhalation and are linked to various negative health consequences. Emergent evidence emphasizes the significance of cell metabolism as a sensitive target of PM exposure. However, the current understanding of the relationship between PM composition, conventional toxicity measures, and the rewiring of intracellular metabolic processes remains limited. In this work, PM10 sampled at a residential area (urban background, UB) and a traffic-impacted location (roadside, RS) of a Portuguese city was comprehensively characterized in terms of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and plasticizers. Epithelial lung cells (A549) were then exposed for 72 h to PM10 organic extracts and different biological outcomes were assessed. UB and RS PM10 extracts dose-dependently decreased cell viability, induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, caused cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, and modulated the intracellular metabolic profile. Interestingly, the RS sample, richer in particularly toxic PAHs and plasticizers, had a greater metabolic impact than the UB extract. Changes comprised significant increases in glutathione, reflecting activation of antioxidant defences to counterbalance ROS production, together with increases in lactate, NAD+, and ATP, which suggest stimulation of glycolytic energy production, possibly to compensate for reduced mitochondrial activity. Furthermore, a number of other metabolic variations hinted at changes in membrane turnover and TCA cycle dynamics, which represent novel clues on potential PM10 biological effects.
Decentralised IOTA-Based Concepts of Digital Trust for Securing Remote Driving in an Urban Environment

The novel contribution of this research is decentralised IOTA-based concepts of digital trust for securing remote driving in an urban environment. The conceptual solutions are studied and described, and respective experimental solutions are developed relying on digital identities, public key cryptography with a decentralised approach using decentralised identifiers (DIDs) and verifiable credentials (VCs), and an IOTA-based distributed ledger. The provided digital trust solutions were validated by executing them according to the remote driving scenario but with a simulated vehicle and simulated remote driving system. The hybrid simulation mainly focused on the validation of functional, causal temporal correctness, feasibility, and capabilities of the provided solutions. The evaluations indicate that the concepts of digital trust fulfil the purpose and contribute towards making remote driving more trustable. A supervisory stakeholder was used as a verifier, requiring a set of example verifiable credentials from the vehicle and the remote driver, and accepting them to the security control channel. The separation of control and data planes from each other was found to be a good solution because the delays caused by required security control can be limited to the initiation of the remote driving session without causing additional delays in the actual real-time remote driving control data flow. The application of the IOTA Tangle as the verifiable data registry was found to be sufficient for security control purposes. During the evaluations, the need for further studies related to scalability, application of wallets, dynamic trust situations, time-sensitive behaviour, and autonomous operations, as well as smart contract(s) between multiple stakeholders, were detected. As the next step of this research, the provided digital trust solutions will be integrated with a vehicle, remote driving system and traffic infrastructure for evaluation of the performance, reliability, scalability, and flexibility in real-world experiments of remote driving of an electric bus in an urban environment.
The numeric Ebbinghaus effect: Evidence for a density-area mechanism of numeric estimation?

One model of numeric perception is a density-area mechanism: a process that estimates both density and area of an array, then multiplies them to create an estimate of number. One line of evidence that supports this is the surprising numeric Ebbinghaus illusion: smaller context circles lead to greater perceived number than larger context circles, potentially via larger perceived area. This registered report re-tested this effect with a number of simple but potentially important improvements in the method and analysis. Participants were asked to indicate the number of blue dots in arrays that were surrounded by grey context circles of three different sizes. Both experiments confirmed that larger context circles lead to a proportional increase in perceived number. Experiment 1 (N = 50) did so with denser, more texture-like arrays (50-100 dots filling 35% of the area). Experiment 2 (N = 50) did so with sparser, more scatter-like arrays (10-30 dots filling 5% of the area). These findings confirm the existence of the numeric Ebbinghaus effect. This in turn confirms a specific prediction derived from a density-area mechanism and rules out alternatives that begin by stripping away context to non-verbally count discrete entities. No further significant evidence was found to suggest that this depends on the array being particularly dense or texture-like, nor to suggest that anything moderates the impact of increasing perceived area as a direct proportional effect on increasing perceived number. This further builds the case that this kind of numeric perception relies on a density-area mechanism.
Proposal of a unified biodiversity impact assessment method.

The LCA community is moving forward in developing methods to address biodiversity in impact assessments and the required inventory data. However, biodiversity is a notoriously fuzzy topic. Underlying preferences and perspectives on biodiversity vary considerably among stakeholders. The method presented herein allows for both broad-brush and detailed assessments of critical processes. The goal is to enable LCA users to generate product-related biodiversity impact information and manage biodiversity along value chains. The method represents the impact category “biodiversity” in the UNEP-SETAC land use impact assessment framework. It is inspired by the method proposed by Michelsen (2008) in that it employs region-specific characterization models yet allows aggregation across regions. Preliminary results for a western European ecoregion show that landscape structure and pesticide use contribute to the biodiversity impact. Fertilizer input is relevant, but a low dose is tolerable.
A Review on Quality Control Aspects of Indian Medicinal Plants

Quality control analysis of medicinal plants even their derived formulations are contributed to the quality, safety, and efficacy as well as to their regulatory purpose. Chromatography and their hyphenation with spectroscopic techniques are the most used analytical methods for quality assessment and authentication of medicinal plants and their derived products, also. With a thorough explanation of the analytical techniques used in authentication, the existing situation, and future projections, the present study aims to analyze the quality elements of the authentication of medicinal plants and the formulations developed from them. The results of the review suggested that determining the quality of medicinal plants based on targeted and non-targeted metabolites depends on the verification that the plants are from the same species, the gathering of high-quality raw materials, the extraction process, and the solvents that are acting to make the process more suitable. For thorough metabolomic profiling, a variety of cutting-edge chromatographic and analytical techniques, including HPTLC-MS, HPLC-MS, LC-MS, GC-MS, etc., are utilized. Moreover, chemometric approaches improved the ability to extract crucial chemical information from a wide range of original data. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is the most widely used technique in chemometrics analysis to represent the high dimensionality of metabolite-based data sets for validity, efficacy, and consistency. In order to confirm the scientific evidence for their regulatory purpose and get insights into the current situation and the future horizons for their quality-based standardization of medicinal plants and their derived formulations.
Representing topographic stress for large-scale ocean models

Abstract Interaction of eddies with seafloor topography can exert enormous, systematic forces on the ocean circulation. This interaction has been considered previously under idealized circumstances. Theoretical results are here simplified and extended toward practical application in large-scale ocean circulation models. Among the suggestions is that coarse resolution models can “correct” a depth-independent part of the velocity field toward a velocity given by −z × ∇fLH, where z is the vertical unit vector, f is Coriolis form, L is a length scale O(10 km), and H is the total depth. Absence of this tendency may be implicated in a number of systematic defects that appear in present ocean models.
PENGURANGAN INTENSITAS NYERI PERSALINAN PADA IBU HAMIL DENGAN INTERVENSI BIRTH BALL

Asuhan Kebidanan berkelanjutan merupakan asuhan yang diberikan seorang bidan terhadap klien/pasien mulai dari masa kehamilan, persalinan, nifas, BBL dan KB. Selama proses persalinan terjadi banyak perubahan pada seorang ibu. Tujuan laporan tugas akhir ini adalah untuk memberikan asuhan kebidanan secara berkelanjutan dengan intervensi pemberian komplementer Brithing Ball untuk mempercepat penurunan kepala dan persalinan dan pemberian komplementer kompres hangat untuk mengurangi nyeri kontraksi pada persalinan kala I di PMB Melia Indrawati, S.ST., M.M Pekon Giri Tunggal Kecamatan Pagelaran Utara Kabupaten Pringsewu Provinsi Lampung Tahun 202. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus yang dilakukan dengan memberikan asuhan kebidanan secara komprehensif, dengan subjek studi kasus yaitu Ny. E, Ny. N, dan Ny. H. Hasil Laporan Tugas Akhir ini menunjukan bahwa pemberian terapi birthing ball efektif dalam kemajuan persalinan mampu mengurangi nyeri persalinan pda ketiga pasien. Kesimpulan brithing ball dapat diterapkan dalam pemberian asuhan kebidanan secara berkelanjutan untuk mengatasi nyeri persalinan sehingga proses persalinan dapat berjalan dengan lancar dan aman.
New Dipyrroloquinones from a Plant-Derived Endophytic Fungus Talaromyces sp.

Two new dipyrroloquinones, namely talaroterreusinones A (1) and B (2), together with four known secondary metabolites, terreusinone A (3), penicillixanthone A (4), isorhodoptilometrin (5), and chrysomutanin (6), were isolated from the solid culture of the endophytic fungus Talaromyces sp. by integrating mass spectrometry-based metabolic profiling and a bioassay-guided method. Their planar structures and stereochemistry were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis including NMR and MS. The absolute configuration at C-1″ of terreusinone A (1) was established by applying the modified Mosher’s method. Compounds 1–6 were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxicity. As a result, 1–3 inhibited the LPS-stimulated NO production in macrophage RAW264.7 cells, with IC50 values of 20.3, 30.7, and 20.6 µM, respectively. Penicillixanthone A (4) exhibited potent cytotoxic activity against Hep G2 and A549 cell lines, with IC50 values of 117 nM and 212 nM, respectively, and displayed significant antitumour effects in A549 cells by inhibiting the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signalling pathway.