Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spatial Signal Detection Using Continuous Shrinkage Priors

Abstract Motivated by the problem of detecting changes in two-dimensional X-ray diffraction data, we propose a Bayesian spatial model for sparse signal detection in image data. Our model places considerable mass near zero and has heavy tails to reflect the prior belief that the image signal is zero for most pixels and large for an important subset. We show that the spatial prior places mass on nearby locations simultaneously being zero, and also allows for nearby locations to simultaneously be large signals. The form of the prior also facilitates efficient computing for large images. We conduct a simulation study to evaluate the properties of the proposed prior and show that it outperforms other spatial models. We apply our method in the analysis of X-ray diffraction data from a two-dimensional area detector to detect changes in the pattern when the material is exposed to an electric field.
Multilevel Monte Carlo Method for Stochastic Analysis of Fluid‐Structure Interaction

Abstract: Uncertainty quantification for multi‐physics problems like fluid‐structure interaction (FSI) is challenging in terms of the required computational effort and complexity of physics involved. A Multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) approach for stochastic analysis of FSI problems is presented in the current study. An overall reduction in computational cost is achieved by variance reduction in MLMC method. The efficacy of MLMC algorithm for expensive problems like FSI is compared with classical Monte Carlo(MC) method and MLMC is found to achieve the required accuracy at a significantly reduced computational cost. An FSI benchmark test case with uncertain inputs is presented here. The possibility of uncertainty quantification for FSI systems with a plausible computational cost using MLMC is demonstrated.
Factors Influencing Interest in Muslim Entrepreneurs as Financing Partners for Sharia P2P Lending

This study aims to determine the factors that influence the interest of Muslim entrepreneurs in Sharia P2P lending. The determinant factor used is perceived ease of use, the subjective norm in Muslim circles, perceived usefulness, knowledge about riba, and review from the experience of financing partners. This study used a quantitative method tested by structural equation model (SEM) analysis techniques. Data were processed using SmartPLS 3.0 software. Data was obtained through an online questionnaire. Respondents who were used by UMKM, UKM, or startup business actor, Muslim, and had attended online classes and seminars on Sharia fintech. The number of respondents used was 90. The results show there were three predictors, perceived ease of use, the subjective norm in Muslim circles, and perceived usefulness that did not have a significant effect on behavioral intention, but two predictors of knowledge about riba and review from the experience of financing partners have a significant influence on behavioral intention
Some Results on Multivariate Dependence Modeling

Education Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo Ph.D. in Actuarial Science 2015.09 2019.06 Thesis: “Risk Management with Non-Convex and Non-Monotone Preferences” Supervisors: Ruodu Wang and Gordon E. Willmot Committee: Mario Ghossoub and Alexander Schied Master of Mathematics in Statistics 2013.09 2015.06 Thesis: “Some Results on Multivariate Dependence Modeling” Supervisor: Carole Bernard
Quantum red–green–blue image steganography

One of the most considering matters in the field of quantum information processing is quantum data hiding including quantum steganography and quantum watermarking. This field is an efficient tool for protecting any kind of digital data. In this paper, three quantum color images steganography algorithms are investigated based on Least Significant Bit (LSB). The first algorithm employs only one of the image’s channels to cover secret data. The second procedure is based on LSB XORing technique, and the last algorithm utilizes two channels to cover the color image for hiding secret quantum data. The performances of the proposed schemes are analyzed by using software simulations in MATLAB environment. The analysis of PSNR, BER and Histogram graphs indicate that the presented schemes exhibit acceptable performances and also theoretical analysis demonstrates that the networks complexity of the approaches scales squarely.
Constraints on (2060) Chiron's size, shape, and surrounding material from the November 2018 and September 2019 stellar 
occultations

After the discovery of rings around the largest known Centaur object, (10199) Chariklo, we carried out observation campaigns of stellar occultations produced by the second-largest known Centaur object, (2060) Chiron, to better characterize its physical properties and presence of material on its surroundings. We predicted and successfully observed two stellar occultations by Chiron. These observations were used to constrain its size and shape by fitting elliptical limbs with equivalent surface radii in agreement with radiometric measurements. Constraints on the (2060) Chiron shape are reported for the first time. Assuming an equivalent radius of R$_{equiv}$ = 105$^{+6}_{-7}$ km, we obtained a semi-major axis of a = 126 $\pm$ 22 km. Considering Chiron's true rotational light curve amplitude and assuming it has a Jacobi equilibrium shape, we were able to derive a 3D shape with a semi-axis of a = 126 $\pm$ 22 km, b = 109 $\pm$ 19 km, and c = 68 $\pm$ 13 km, implying in a volume-equivalent radius of R$_{vol}$ = 98 $\pm$ 17 km, implying a density of 1119 $\pm$ 4 kg m$^{-3}$. We determined the physical properties of the 2011 secondary events around Chiron, which may then be directly compared with those of Chariklo rings, as the same method was used. Data obtained from SAAO in 2018 do not show unambiguous evidence of the proposed rings, mainly due to the large sampling time. Meanwhile, we discarded the possible presence of a permanent ring similar to (10199) Chariklo's C1R in optical depth and extension. Using the first multi-chord stellar occultation by (2060) Chiron and considering it to have a Jacobi equilibrium shape, we derived its 3D shape. New observations of a stellar occultation by (2060) Chiron are needed to further investigate the material's properties around Chiron, such as the occultation predicted for September 10, 2023.
Actin-Interacting Amphidinolides: Syntheses and Mechanisms of Action of Amphidinolides X, J, and K

Amphidinolides are a family of more than forty macrolides of varying sizes and complex structures isolated from dinoflagellates of the genus Amphidinium. Although all of them display potent-to-moderate cytotoxicity, their full bioactivity profile and mode of action have not been fully investigated. Access to enough material is needed for these studies, but samples of these compounds are limited due to the minute amounts that can only be obtained by either large-scale cultivation of the organism that produces them or by total synthesis. Of all the amphidinolides known to date, only the targets of five of them (B1, H1, J, K, and X) have been examined and all have been found to interact with actin, a crucial cytoskeletal protein. This paper reviews what is currently known about actin-interacting amphidinolides, with a focus on the research of our group. Amphidinolides J and X are F-actin destabilizers, whereas Amphidinolides H1 and K stabilize actin filaments, likely via different mechanisms. More precise details of the interaction between amphidinolides and actin are missing.
Synthesis of environment-friendly graphene reinforced slag-based nanocomposite and performance of photocatalytic H2 generation

ABSTRACT An environment-friendly graphene reinforced slag-based nanocomposite (GRSN) was synthesized by incorporation of two-dimensional lamellar graphene into the alkali-activated blast-furnace slag-based cementitious-material (ABSC), and firstly used as an excellent catalyst for solar photocatalytic hydrogen generation. The mechanical testing results indicated that the compressive and flexural strengths of ABSC were prominently reinforced by the incorporation of graphene. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that the GRSN powder mainly contained the network structure of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) and calcium aluminate hydrate (CAH). The photoluminescence spectra implied that the separation efficiency of photo-excited electrons and holes increased with the increasing graphene. The yield of hydrogen gradually ascended with the amount of graphene incorperated. The highest H2 yield of 1928.6 μmol/g for 0.02GRSN sample is ascribed to the synergistic effect of graphene and semiconductor oxides of TiO2 and Fe2O3 deriving from the ABSC.
Retrospective Evaluation of Intravenous Fosfomycin in Multi-drug Resistant Infections at A Tertiary Care Hospital in İstanbul

Introduction: Fosfomycin has started to be used again as a possible therapeutic alternative in cases injected with resistant bacterial pathogens. Its primary mechanism of action is inhibition of the first step of cell wall synthesis; This mechanism is effective against both Gram-positive and Gram- negative bacterial groups. However, its clinical efficacy against bacteria that develop multidrug resistance is largely unknown. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the clinical and microbiological efficacy of intravenous Fosfomycin in a tertiary care center. Methods: The group of adult patients aged 18 years and over who applied to the hospital between January 2018 and December 2022 and were given intravenous fosfomycin therapy for at least 24 hours due to any infection were retrospectively analyzed. Results: 71 patients were included in our study. The female/male ratio of these patients was 35/36, and the mean age was 61.5±17.0 (18-84). The avarage time to treatment was 10.6 days (11.3-+11.4). 22 patients (31%) from Intensive Care Unit and 49 (69%) patients from other clinics were included in the study. 18 bacteremia (26%), 15 pneumonia (21%), 14 wound infections (19%), 13 ventilator-associated pneumonia (18%), 5 urinary tract infections (UTI) (8%), 4 abdominal infections (6%) and 2 endocarditis (3%). Detected causative microorganisms were 18 carbapenem susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae (44%), pandrug resistan Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.5%), 5 MRSA (12.5%), 5 pandrug resistan Pseudomonas aerinosa (12%) ,4 Escherichia coli (10%), 1 Acinetobacterbaumanii (2.5%) and 1 Enterobacter spp. (2.5%). Looking at the underlying diseases, one of our patients had diabetes mellitus and another patient had chronic renal failure. Mean procalcitonin (PCT) and C reaktive protein (CRP) (cutoff value0.5 ng/mL) values were 2.53±1.2 ng/ml and 89.7±21.9 mg/dl, respectively. Median sodium (Na), potassium (K), AST, ALT, and creatinine values of the patients before and after fosfomycin IV treatment were calculated and there was no statistically significant difference. Clinics combined with fosfomycin IV were as follows: 31 meropenem (44%), 15 colistin (26%), 18 tigecycline (26%), 3 vancomycin (4%), 3 amikacin (4%) and 1 daptomycin (1%). Conclusions: According to the results of our study, it was seen that Fosfomycin is a safe and effective option in the treatment of multidrug-resistant infections. Accordingly, our results are compatible with the literature.
An energy-consistency-preserving large eddy simulation-scalar filtered mass density function (LES-SFMDF) method for high-speed flows

An energy-consistency-preserving large eddy simulation-scalar filtered mass density function (LES-SFMDF) method is developed to improve the existing LES-SFMDF method in high-speed flows, especially supersonic flows. The high-speed source term in the SFMDF transport equation is analysed theoretically from a new point of view, and then several primary principles are proposed for the LES-SFMDF to achieve a good consistency even along discontinuities. Based on these principles and further theoretical analysis, the high-speed source term of the enthalpy in the SFMDF is modelled and computed from both MC and LES variables rather than the usually used solely LES variables. This new LES-SFMDF method is used for simulating the flows in a shock tube and in a subsonic temporally developing mixing layer. This method shows a better particle energy consistency than the existing method when applied across discontinuities in supersonic laminar flows. Unlike the existing method, with this energy-consistency-preserving LES-SFMDF method, particle energy consistency is consistent with particle mass consistency so that particle energy consistency can benefit from particle velocity correction. This method also demonstrates robustness for various numbers of particles.
Diversity and habitat associations of non-volant small mammals in forest patches of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

Forest patches in urban areas can have the potential to provide shelter, resources, and breeding space for small mammals. This study aimed to explore the diversity, abundance, and habitat associations of non-volant small mammals in forest patches of Kathmandu Valley. Three sites were selected for the study: Ranibari Community Forest, Swayambhunath Hillock, and Coronation Garden of Tribhuvan University. The roost survey, line transect survey and direct observation methods were used for the study. The field survey was conducted in June–July 2019. In those selected sites, 250 m transects were laid and 25 live traps (Local, Sherman, and Tube) were set for capturing small mammals. Trapped individuals were measured, marked, and released at the site. From a survey of 600 trap nights, 61 individuals representing six species, four families and three orders were identified. Asian house shrew (Suncus murinus) was the most dominant species. Abundance of small mammals was higher in Ranibari Community Forest whereas Coronation Garden had the lowest abundance of non-volant small mammals. Small mammal distribution pattern was clumped in study areas owing to the uneven distribution of resources in the natural environment. Species response to five environmental parameters (distance to settlement, road, water, open canopy and closed canopy) showed significant relation in Ranibari Community Forest (F=2.446, P=0.018) and Coronation Garden (F=2.75 P=0.05), whereas it was insignificant in Swayambhunath Hillock (F=1.60 P=0.17). These results suggested that diversity, distribution, and abundance of small mammals in urban forest patches are influenced by habitat types and environmental parameters.
An array antenna based on coplanar parasitic patch structure

This article presents a 5 × 5 array antenna with the coplanar parasitic patch structure. The array consists of 25 patches and 24 resonance branches. Two center patches, which are fed by two high frequency SMA probes, serves as the driving elements, while the surrounding 23 patches are the parasitic elements. The resonance branches of the array antenna are used as a feed network to transmit the coupling energy. As a result, 25 patches on the substrate can be stimulated simultaneously. The array antenna has a simple feed structure and compact size. Compared with a standalone antenna, the coplanar parasitic patch array antenna has the advantages of wide bandwidth and high gain. Experimental results show that the proposed antenna operating band is 17.2–21.3 GHz; the impedance bandwidth is 20.5%; and the peak gain is 14.2 dBi.
Accurate solution of oblique reference wave for tilt phase aberration correction in digital off-axis holography

In any off-axis holographic experiments, it is generally difficult to accurately obtain plane reference wave angle so that tilt phase aberration (TPA) occurs in three-dimensional phase reconstruction for the object. In this paper, a novel approach to accurately determining the plane reference wave angle for phase reconstruction of the object in digital offaxis holography is described. The method ingeniously constructs a numerical reference plane (NRP) reflecting true tilt of the reconstructed object by randomly choosing three points from a local flat of the reconstructed object image, and establishes the relation between NRP tilt and plane reference wave angle. So the reference wave angle can be exactly obtained by iterative computation and TPA is completely compensated. The experimental result approves of theoretical prediction very well.
Método ASES para estudo de textos longos: aproximação, scanning, extração e saturação

A inabilidade dos alunos recém-ingressados na universidade em estudar livros universitários, abaixa o desempenho acadêmico e eleva a evasão. O artigo descreve um método adequado ao estudo de texto longos, que foi desenvolvido a partir da experiência empírica do autor, que resultou na sua aprovação em concursos públicos. O método ASES é baseado na identificação e assimilação das informações mais importantes e tem quatro fases distintas que formam o acrônimo ASES: “Aproximação”, “Scanning”, “Extração” e “Saturação”. A primeira fase (“Aproximação”) consiste em ler o sumário e folhear os capítulos a serem estudados. A segunda fase (“Scanning”) consiste em ler todo o texto com atenção, destacar as informações mais importantes, identificadas segundo o método CCCP e fazer anotações de rodapé, aplicando as técnicas de Interrogação elaborativa; de Auto explicação; de Mnemônico visual e de Palavra-chave mnemônica. A terceira fase (“Extração”) consiste em extrair do texto o conteúdo destacado e anotações e montar resumos, tabelas, esquemas, mapas conceituais e mentais em um extrato de volume único. O resumo deve ser completo, contendo os elementos de maior importância, e deve conter uma apreciação. As representações visuais das informações (tabelas, esquemas, mapas conceituais e mapas mentais) devem ser elaboradas utilizando as técnicas descritas na literatura. A quarta fase (“Saturação”) consiste em, durante vários dias, reler o extrato várias vezes e praticar exercícios, consolidando o conhecimento. O método ASES utiliza, em conjunto, nove técnicas de estudo recomendadas pela literatura e sua utilização contribui para a melhoria do desempenho acadêmico e diminuição da evasão das universidades.
Viaducto carretero en ambientes de complejidad geológica - geotécnica

Los problemas geotécnicos dentro de distintas obras de ingeniería sigue paradigmas de la teoría y de la práctica en proporciones variables. La ingeniería geotecnia tiene la posibilidad de emplear procedimientos de investigación y de cálculo estandarizados. Sin embargo, con frecuencia, las construcciones se ubica en sitios singulares, en los que la extrapolación de experiencias debe ser cuidadosamente empleada. En consecuencia, la toma de decisiones en la definición de componentes geotécnicos debe resolver el problema del vínculo entre la aplicación de métodos de cálculo convencionales y la adopción de soluciones no estandarizadas, como una adaptación al sitio de implantación de la obra. La construcción de un viaducto carretero de 800 metros, sobre la ladera oeste de las Sierras Chicas, en la Provincia de Córdoba, Argentina, muestra este tipo de situaciones. La obra se ubica en una zona de montaña, sobre el sector correspondiente a la falla de formación de las sierras. El estudio geotécnico de este sector y la experiencia en la construcción de la propia obra, llevaron a la modificación del diseño original. Definida la solución estructural y el nuevo proyecto ejecutivo, durante la construcción las fundaciones de los puentes fueron adaptados a cada condición geotécnica local. Esta publicación muestra la forma en que se ha evaluado la interacción terreno – estructura, concluyendo en la definición del cimiento de los puentes. Se formulan reflexiones respecto de la necesidad de evolucionar en el conocimiento del ambiente a través de las distintas etapas del proyecto, desde su concepción hasta su materialización, así como la conveniencia de la auscultación durante la vida útil de la obra.
Large Eddy Simulation of Industrial Flows? Closure Strategies for Turbulent and Transitional Flows

Air Pollution XIIIRelaxation Model for Homogeneous Turbulent FlowsDissertation Abstracts InternationalMathematical ReviewsRecent Developments in Numerical Methods for Turbomachinery FlowsComputational Transport Phenomena for Engineering AnalysesClosure Strategies for Turbulent and Transitional FlowsAn Analysis of the Modeling of Variable Density TurbulenceTurbulenceInstability of Flows30th AIAA Fluid Dynamics ConferenceProceedings of the ASME Heat Transfer DivisionEnvironmental Stratified FlowsPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of LondonSecond Moment Closure Modeling of Complex Turbulent FlowsSummary of EASM Turbulence Models in CFL3D With Validation Test CasesJournal of physics : A, Mathematical and generalKorea in a Turbulent WorldThe Influence of Turbulence Closure Strategy on Numerical Models of Shallow Water SystemsAdvances in Numerical Simulation of Turbulent FlowsProceedings of the ASME/JSME Joint Fluids Engineering ConferenceAIAA JournalNear-wall Turbulent FlowsCFD-based Aircraft Drag Prediction and ReductionSymposium on Turbulent Shear FlowsCompressibility, Turbulence and High Speed FlowJournal of Thermophysics and Heat TransferDefence Science JournalThe Aeronautical JournalModelling Turbulence in Engineering and the Environment43rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting & ExhibitClosure Strategies for Turbulent and Transitional FlowsProceedingsMultiscale and Multiresolution Approaches in TurbulenceInternational Aerospace AbstractsRussian Journal of Numerical Analysis and Mathematical ModellingSecond Order Closure Model for Turbulent Reacting FlowsWinning Strategies in Turbulent TimesEstuarine and Coastal Modeling Emerging Technology in Fluids, Structures, and Fluid-structure Interactions--2004
Maternal protein deficiency alters primary cilia length in renal tubular and impairs kidney development in fetal rat

Introduction Intrauterine malnutrition impairs embryo kidney development and leads to kidney disease and hypertension in adulthood, yet the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Methods With a maternal protein restriction (MPR) rat model, we investigated the critical ciliogenesis factors and β-catenin pathway in FGR fetal kidneys and analyzed the impact of aberrant primary cilia on renal tubular epithelium. Results The data showed decreased nephron number and renal tubular dysgenesis in FGR fetus. FGR fetus showed deregulated expression of ciliogenesis factors including upregulation of IFT88 and downregulation of DYNLT1, accompanied with cilia elongation in renal tubular epithelial cells. Wnt7b, the key ligand for Wnt/β-catenin signaling, was downregulated and nuclear translocation of β-catenin was decreased. The proapoptotic protein was upregulated. In vitro study with HK-2 cells showed that overexpression of IFT88 lengthened the cilia, inhibited β-catenin signaling. Besides, IFT88 overexpression suppressed cell proliferation, activated autophagy, and induced cell apoptosis. Inhibition of autophagy partly restored the cilia length and cell viability. Likewise, knockdown of DYNLT1 led to cilia elongation, suppressed cell proliferation, and promoted apoptosis in HK-2 cell. However, the cilia elongation induced by DYNLT1 knockdown was not autophagy-dependent, but associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Discussion We elucidated that intrauterine protein malnutrition led to deregulation of ciliogenesis factors and cilia elongation in renal tubular epithelial, inhibited β-catenin signaling, and induced cell apoptosis and ultimately, compromised kidney development.