Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Paraxial propagation in amorphous optical media with screw dislocation

We study paraxial beam propagation parallel to the screw axis of a dislocated amorphous medium that is optically weakly inhomogeneous and isotropic. The effect of the screw dislocation on the beam’s orbital angular momentum is shown to change the optical vortex strength, rendering vortex annihilation or generation possible. Furthermore, the dislocation is shown to induce a weak biaxial anisotropy in the medium due to the elasto-optic effect, which changes the beam’s spin angular momentum as well as causing precession of the polarization. We derive the equations of motion of the beam and demonstrate the optical Hall effect in the dislocated medium. Its application with regard to determining the Burgers vector as well as the elasto-optic coefficients of the medium is explained.
PENGARUH PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP AKUNTABILITAS PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DESA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh partisipasi masyarakat terhadap akuntabilitas pengelolaan keuangan desa. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat desa yang ikut berpartisipasi dalam mengawasi pengelolaan keuangan desa di Kabupaten Sinjai. Metode pemilihan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 134 orang masyarakat desa. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan nilai selisih mutlak. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi masyarakat berpengaruh positif terhadap akuntabilitas pengelolaan keuangan desa.
Multilayered Analysis of Urban Mobility

This study analyzes the urban mobility of Curitiba through the use of public transit by the population divided into socioeconomic strata. To study the established mobility graph and its spatio-temporal patterns, a multilayered approach called Multi-Aspect Graph (MAG) with four aspects is applied. The results detail patterns that cannot be observed in a traditional graph, such as the most frequent routes and the most central points of the city, taking into account all the modeled aspects. The model used allows a strategic understanding of the use of the beneficial public transit system for different applications, such as actions in emergencies and outbreaks of rapidly contagious diseases.
Simulating Aerosol Lifecycle Impacts on the Subtropical Stratocumulus‐to‐Cumulus Transition Using Large‐Eddy Simulations

Observed stratocumulus to cumulus transitions (SCTs) and their sensitivity to aerosols are studied using a large‐eddy simulation (LES) model that simulates the aerosol lifecycle, including aerosol sources and sinks. To initialize, force, and evaluate the LES, we used a combination of reanalysis, satellite, and aircraft data from the 2015 Cloud System Evolution in the Trades field campaign over the Northeast Pacific. The simulations follow two Lagrangian trajectories from initially overcast stratocumulus (Sc) to the tropical shallow cumulus region near Hawaii. The first trajectory is characterized by an initially clean, well‐mixed Sc‐topped marine boundary layer (MBL), then continuous MBL deepening and precipitation onset followed by a clear SCT and a consistent reduction of aerosols that ultimately leads to an ultra‐clean layer in the upper MBL. The second trajectory is characterized by an initially polluted and decoupled MBL, weak precipitation, and a late SCT. Overall, the LES simulates the observed general MBL features. Sensitivity studies with different aerosol initial and boundary conditions reveal aerosol‐induced changes in the transition, and albedo changes are decomposed into the Twomey effect and adjustments of cloud liquid water path and cloud fraction. Impacts on precipitation play a key role in the sensitivity to aerosols: for the first case, runs with enhanced aerosols exhibit distinct changes in microphysics and macrophysics such as enhanced cloud droplet number concentration, reduced precipitation, and delayed SCT. Cloud adjustments are dominant in this case. For the second case, enhancing aerosols does not affect cloud macrophysical properties significantly, and the Twomey effect dominates.
SUNDANESE INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE IN SINDANG BARANG CULTURAL VILLAGE – BOGOR

The Sindang Barang Cultural Village was formed by the descendants of customary holders who live in Bogor to revitalize Sundanese culture. This is useful for preserving customs so that people can continue to live the Sundanese way (using indigenous knowledge and sticking to local wisdom) even though they live in the modern era. This study aims to identify the Sundanese indigenous knowledge possessed by them. This study uses a qualitative thematic analysis approach to identify it. The results of this study indicate that the themes of indigenous knowledge owned by the society are village landscape, agriculture, natural signs, health, and batik. The village landscape has sub-themes landscape of land and building position. The sub-themes of agriculture are the type of paddy, fertilizer, planting time, magic guard, and granary. Natural signs have the sub-themes of changing days and signs of calamity and disaster. The sub-theme of health is herbs. Batik has a sub-theme of motifs and natural dyes. This study found that some of the indigenous knowledge about herbs and batik had been lost from the people's memory.
The effect of graphite surface condition on the composition of Al2O3 by atomic layer deposition

We present a study of the nucleation of atomic layer deposition of Al2O3 on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) using trimethlyaluminum (TMA) with ozone as the oxidant (TMA/O3). In situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is used to study TMA/O3 depositions on HOPG. We examine the dependence of TMA/O3 nucleation on deposition temperature and characterize the morphology and uniformity of deposited films by ex situ atomic force microscopy. The impact of several predeposition surface treatments of the graphite surface condition is discussed, particularly with regard to the presence of adsorbed atmospheric contamination.
Pre-evaluation response of rhizosphere hybridization in acid lime

Rhizosphere hybridization is a new concept to secure the plant growth-promoting microorganisms to produce better nursery plants. Taking into the objective of rhizosphere hybridization, the present investigation was conducted in the secondary nursery block of ICAR-Central Citrus Research Institute, Nagpur. As many ten treatments consisting of rhizosphere microbes in form of water extract of the rhizosphere of acid lime, neem, bamboo, banyan and microbial consortium were tested in acid lime seedlings (cv NRCC Acid lime-7) raised on a solarized but containerized soil completely randomized design with three replications during 2018-20. Results showed a significant response to different treatments on plant growth parameters. In our study, the effect of the combined rhizosphere of banyan (Ficus benghalensis), neem (Azadirachta indica) and bamboo (Dendrocalamus strictus) was significantly superior to the rest of the treatments in increasing the biometric (seedling height, seedling diameter and number of branches per seedling), number of leaves per seedling, root architecture (tap root length, tap root diameter and number of secondary roots per seedling) and microbial biomass (fungal count and bacterial count) response of acid lime seedling compared to control treatment. Rhizosphere soil treatment was found to be superior over rhizosphere water extract treatment. Among various rhizosphere water extract treatments, acid lime rhizosphere water extract performed better in biometric response of acid lime seedling. Microbial consortium was observed to be better in increasing the microbial biomass of the rhizosphere, which could probably translate its response at later stages but added an additional resilience to rhizosphere, thereby, potentially effective in reducing the mortality once planted in main field.
Coagulation Profile of COVID-19 Patients

Abstract Coronavirus disease is a viral infection that can affect multiple systems and be expressed with many—or no—symptoms. The viral infection begins when the virus binds to the host’s receptor and from that point on, it is transmitted to the rest of the body, where it causes inflammatory reactions. Among other tissues and systems, SARS-CoV-2 impacts the coagulation system, where it triggers the immunothrombotic response. Its effects are rather intense and can lead to many complications. COVID-19-associated coagulopathy is frequently observed in hospitalized patients, especially ICU patients, and can be proven detrimental. It is usually accompanied by other complications, such as sepsis-induced coagulopathy, disseminated intravascular coagulation and venous thromboembolism. Since all these conditions lead to poor prognosis for severely ill patients, thromboprophylaxis and coagulopathy prognosis are just as important as the therapeutic handling of these patients. Since the beginning of the pandemic, many biomarkers have been considered useful when trying to assess the thrombotic risk of hospitalized patients or evaluate the severity of their situation. At the same time, many drugs have already been tested—while others are still being trialed—in order to find the optimal therapy for each urgent situation.
Kinematics and stellar populations in brightest cluster galaxies

This thesis is devoted to the investigation of a new, large sample of brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs), their kinematic and stellar population properties and the relationships between these and the properties of the host clusters. Some of the questions addressed are: how the kinematic and stellar population properties differ from those of ordinary giant elliptical galaxies; and whether these properties are more influenced by the internal parameters of the BCGs or the properties of the host clusters. In order to do this, high signal-to-noise, long-slit spectra of 49 BCGs (concentrating on those classified as cD galaxies) in the nearby Universe were obtained with the Gemini and WHT telescopes. The radial velocity and velocity dispersion profiles were measured, and the Lick/IDS system of absorption indices was used to derive Single Stellar Population (SSP)-equivalent ages, metallicities and α-abundance ratios. A systematic comparison was made between the indices and derived parameters for this sample of BOGs and those of large samples of ordinary elliptical galaxies in the same mass range. The derived properties were tested for possible correlations with the internal properties of the galaxies (mass and luminosity) and the properties of the host clusters (density, mass, distance to X-ray peak and the presence of cooling flows). Clear rotation curves were found for a number of BOGs. In particular, NGC6034 and NGC7768 are rapidly rotating (> 100 km s⁻1 as measured from their major axis spectra), indicating that it is unlikely that they formed through dissipationless mergers. Velocity substructure in the form of kinematically decoupled cores was detected in 15 BOGs, and five BCGs were found with velocity dispersion increasing with radius. In general, the amount of rotation and the velocity substructure detected in this sample, and the position of the BOGs as a class of objects on the anisotropy—luminosity diagram, are similar to those of ordinary giant ellipticals in high density environments. No significant discrepancies between the index—velocity dispersion relations of this sample and those of normal ellipticals were found, but subtle differences between the derived SSP-parameters do exist. The BOGs show, on average, higher metallicity ([Z/H]) and α-abundance ([E/Fe]) values. The SSP-parameters show very little dependence on the mass or luminosity of the galaxies, or the mass or density of the host clusters. The derived ages of these massive galaxies are consistent with being old, as expected. Overall, the star formation histories in BCGs, and the connection to the processes in the cluster centres, are very complex.
SMN Is Physiologically Downregulated at Wild-Type Motor Nerve Terminals but Aggregates Together with Neurofilaments in SMA Mouse Models

Survival motor neuron (SMN) is an essential and ubiquitously expressed protein that participates in several aspects of RNA metabolism. SMN deficiency causes a devastating motor neuron disease called spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). SMN forms the core of a protein complex localized at the cytoplasm and nuclear gems and that catalyzes spliceosomal snRNP particle synthesis. In cultured motor neurons, SMN is also present in dendrites and axons, and forms part of the ribonucleoprotein transport granules implicated in mRNA trafficking and local translation. Nevertheless, the distribution, regulation, and role of SMN at the axons and presynaptic motor terminals in vivo are still unclear. By using conventional confocal microscopy and STED super-resolution nanoscopy, we found that SMN appears in the form of granules distributed along motor axons at nerve terminals. Our fluorescence in situ hybridization and electron microscopy studies also confirmed the presence of β-actin mRNA, ribosomes, and polysomes in the presynaptic motor terminal, key elements of the protein synthesis machinery involved in local translation in this compartment. SMN granules co-localize with the microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B) and neurofilaments, suggesting that the cytoskeleton participates in transporting and positioning the granules. We also found that, while SMN granules are physiologically downregulated at the presynaptic element during the period of postnatal maturation in wild-type (non-transgenic) mice, they accumulate in areas of neurofilament aggregation in SMA mice, suggesting that the high expression of SMN at the NMJ, together with the cytoskeletal defects, contribute to impairing the bi-directional traffic of proteins and organelles between the axon and the presynaptic terminal.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of mid-term survival, reoperation, and recurrent mitral regurgitation for robotic-assisted mitral valve repair

Background Over the past two decades surgical approaches for mitral valve (MV) disease have evolved with the advent of minimally invasive techniques. Robotic mitral valve repair (RMVr) safety and efficacy has been well documented, however, mid- to long-term data are limited. The aim of this review was to provide a comprehensive analysis of the available mid- to long-term data for RMVr. Methods Electronic searches of five databases were performed to identify all relevant studies reporting minimum five-year data on RMVr. Pre-defined primary outcomes of interest were overall survival, freedom from MV reoperation and from moderate or worse mitral regurgitation (MR) at five years or more post-RMVr. A meta-analysis of proportions or means was performed, utilizing a random effects model, to present the data. Kaplan-Meier curves were aggregated using reconstructed individual patient data. Results Nine studies totaling 3,300 patients undergoing RMVr were identified. Rates of overall survival at 1-, 5- and 10-year were 99.2%, 97.4% and 92.3%, respectively. Freedom from MV reoperation at eight-years post RMVr was 95.0%. Freedom from moderate or worse MR at seven years was 86.0%. Rates of early post-operative complications were low with only 0.2% all-cause mortality and 1.0% cerebrovascular accident. Reoperation for bleeding was low at 2.2% and successful RMVr was 99.8%. Mean intensive care unit and hospital stay were 22.4 hours and 5.2 days, respectively. Conclusions RMVr is a safe procedure with low rates of early mortality and other complications. It can be performed with low complication rates in high volume, experienced centers. Evaluation of available mid-term data post-RMVr suggests favorable rates of overall survival, freedom from MV reoperation and from moderate or worse MR recurrence.
Skin, Liver, and Kidney Interactions Contribute to Skin Dryness in Aging KK-Ay/Tajcl Mice

Type 2 diabetes is a lifestyle-related disease that affects people worldwide and is especially prevalent in the elderly. Many elderly people with diabetes also complain of dry skin; however, the relationship between aging and dry skin in type 2 diabetes is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the interaction between aging and dry skin using the specific pathogen-free KK-Ay/TaJcl type 2 diabetes mouse model. Skin dryness in this model increases with age and was evaluated at 10, 27, 40, and 50 weeks. We observed increased mast cell expression, increased histamine and matrix metalloproteinase-1 levels, and decreased collagen expression in the skin of aging KK-Ay/TaJcl mice. In addition, the increased expression of angiopoietin 2, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and endostatin in the blood indicated kidney damage in this model. Aging KK-Ay/TaJcl mice also showed fatty liver pathology, which led to increased reactive oxygen species in the blood and liver, as well as the increased expression of M1 macrophages in the liver. These results showed that dry skin is associated with skin, kidney, and liver interactions in an aging type 2 diabetes mouse model.
Prediction of Amazon’s Stock Price Based on ARIMA, XGBoost, and LSTM Models

Finding the best model to predict the trend of stock prices is an issue that has always garnered attention, and it is also closely related to investors’ investment dynamics. Even the commonly used autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and long short-term memory (LSTM) have their own advantages and disadvantages. We use mean squared error (MSE) to judge the most suitable model for predicting Amazon’s stock price from many aspects and find that LSTM is the model with the best fitting effect and the closest to the real curve. However, the LSTM model still needs to improve in terms of performance so as to reduce the bias. We anticipate the discovery of more models that are apt for predicting stocks in the future.
Study the dynamic performance of PM machines for different rotor topologies

For hybrid and electric vehicle drive-train (automotive applications) achieving high torque and efficiency at a wide range of operating conditions can be considered an important matter. Therefore, precise structure optimization of the permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) is recommended. Consequently, the effect of the main leading design parameters (such as PM arrangement, magnet thickness, pole arc to pole pitch ratio, airgap length as well as the effect of shaft material) for a different number of rotor poles configuration of PMSM can achieve optimum design results in electric motors with economical cost and excellent performance. This paper submits a comparative analysis of different rotor topologies of (PMSM). Moreover, the dynamic performances of the suggested rotor geometry topologies are investigated based on investigation of finite element analysis (FEA). The analysis offers a piece of complete information about the magnetic flux distribution and magnetic flux density over the motor geometry. Gained results from the analysis are used to give a decision for the selection of a suitable PMSM design.
Semigroups and Symmetry: an investigation of Prigogine's theories

It has been claimed that Ilya Prigogine's theories constitute a paradigm shift unheard of since the impact of Newton. The shift would consist in Prigogine's specific approach towards the problem of time's arrow i.e. how to reconcile the observed macroscopic time asymmetry with the underlying fundamental microscopic time symmetrical laws. Whereas well known approaches as coarse-graining or interventionism are based upon external considerations, Prigogine's proposal, reminiscent of the early Boltzmann, is instead to derive irreversibility due to the dynamics of a system alone. Physics should no longer treat time as a mere parameter, but has to be united with our asymmetrical experience of time. In this paper I discuss whether Prigogine succeeds in deriving intrinsic irreversibility. After an introduction to Prigoginian thinking, I propose my main heuristic in assessing Prigogine's scientific work called symmetry breaking and semigroup selection. I clarify this heuristic by discussing the Kac ring model. Finally, in a chronological order, I distinguish between several approaches in Prigogine's work and discuss each of them briefly. I arge that Prigogine's attempt fails.
Mesures QND en electrodynamique quantique en cavite : production et decoherence d'etats de Fock ; effet Zenon quantique

Nous avons realise une mesure Quantiques Non Destructives du nombre de photons d'un champ piege dans une cavite de temps d'amortissement T=0,13s. Nous envoyons des atomes de Rydberg circulaires a travers la cavite ou une interaction dispersive deplace leur frequence propre proportionnellement au nombre de photons. Ce deplacement lumineux est detecte par interferometrie atomique de Ramsey. Le temps d'amortissement du champ est suffisamment long pour permettre d'observer les sauts quantiques du nombre de photons dus a la relaxation. L'analyse statistique des differentes trajectoires permet de realiser une tomographie partielle de ce processus responsable de la decoherence des etats de Fock |n> en un temps T/n. La projection d'un champ initialement coherent sur un etat de Fock lors de la mesure s'accompagne d'une dispersion totale de sa phase. Cette action en retour est utilisee pour geler la croissance coherente du champ par effet Zenon quantique.
Development of the Advance Energetic Pair Telescope (AdEPT) for medium-energy gamma-ray astronomy

Progress in high-energy gamma-ray science has been dramatic since the launch of INTEGRAL, AGILE and FERMI. These instruments, however, are not optimized for observations in the medium-energy (~0.3< Eγ < ~200 MeV) regime where many astrophysical objects exhibit unique, transitory behavior, such as spectral breaks, bursts, and flares. We outline some of the major science goals of a medium-energy mission. These science goals are best achieved with a combination of two telescopes, a Compton telescope and a pair telescope, optimized to provide significant improvements in angular resolution and sensitivity. In this paper we describe the design of the Advanced Energetic Pair Telescope (AdEPT) based on the Three-Dimensional Track Imager (3-DTI) detector. This technology achieves excellent, mediumenergy sensitivity, angular resolution near the kinematic limit, and gamma-ray polarization sensitivity, by high resolution 3-D electron tracking. We describe the performance of a 30×30×30 cm3 prototype of the AdEPT instrument.
Photometry to the main sequence for the anomalous globular cluster Palomar 12.

New photoelectric and photographic color-magnitude photometry to V 22 is presented for the globular cluster Palomar 12. The C-M diagram morphology most closely resembles 47 Tucanae, and all combined evidence suggests that Pal 12 is a moderately metal-rich cluster in agreement with the recent red-giant abundance studies by Cohen. A preliminary age estimate of 11 billion years for Pal 12 by fitting our main-sequence data to the Yale isochrones in the (Mv, B - V)-plane is described.