Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Peran Fomepizole dalam Penanganan Intoksikasi Etilen Glikol dan Dietilen Glikol

Ethylene glycol and Diethylene glycol are toxic alcohols which can increase mortality and morbidity. In 1997 the FDA approved the use of fomepizole (4-methylpyrazole) as a treatment for ethylene glycol intoxication which can be combined with hemodialysis therapy. Fomepizole is a competitive inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase just like ethanol so it can inhibit the formation of toxic metabolites from ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol. Fomepizole has an affinity 8,000 times greater for alcohol dehydrogenase than ethanol and the pharmacokinetics of fomepizole can be predicted and side effects are fewer. Current guidelines from several literatures recommend hemodialysis therapy for ethylene glycol intoxication if serum ethylene glycol concentrations are > 50 mg/ dL, severe acidosis, renal failure, and glycolic acid levels > 10 mmol/L. Fomepizole may be indicated if the plasma concentration of ethylene glycol > 20 mg/dL, history of using ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol with an osmolal GAP > 10 mOsm/L or suspicion of using ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol with arterial PH < 7.3, CO2 < 20 mmol/L and osmolar GAP > 10 mOsm/L.
Tropical or extratropical cyclones: what drives the compound flood hazard, impact, and risk for the United States Southeast Atlantic coast?

Subtropical coastlines are impacted by both tropical and extratropical cyclones. While both may lead to substantial damage to coastal communities, it is difficult to determine the contribution of tropical cyclones in coastal flooding relative to that of extratropical cyclones. We conduct a large-scale flood hazard and impact assessment across the subtropical Southeast Atlantic Coast of the United States, from Virginia to Florida, including different flood hazards. The physics-based hydrodynamic modeling skillfully reproduces coastal water levels based on a comprehensive validation of tides, almost two hundred historical storms, and an in-depth hindcast of Hurricane Florence. We show that yearly flood impacts are two times as likely to be driven by extratropical than tropical cyclones. On the other hand, tropical cyclones are thirty times more likely to affect people during rarer 100-year events than extratropical cyclones and contribute to more than half of the regional flood risk. With increasing sea levels, more area will be flooded, regardless if that flooding is driven by tropical or extratropical cyclones. Most of the absolute flood risk is contained in the greater Miami metropolitan area. However, several less populous counties have the highest relative risks. The results of this study provide critical information for understanding the source and frequency of compound flooding across the Southeast Atlantic Coast of the United States.
Effect of magnetic seed fields on Lyman Alpha emission from distant quasars

There are indications that weak magnetic fields originating in the early Universe and magnified via magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) processes could cause perturbations in the thermodynamic state of the gas in the intergalactic medium which affect the Lyman-Alpha spectrum we observe. In this work we investigate to what extent the properties of the Lyman-Alpha forest are sensitive to the presence of large-scale cosmological magnetic fields as a function of the seed field intensity. To do so, we develop and use a series of numerical tools to analyze previously constructed cosmological MHD simulations that include state-of-the-art implementation of the relevant physical processes for galaxy formation. The inclusion of these physical mechanisms is crucial to get the level of magnetic field amplification currently observed in the structures that populate our Universe. With these tools we isolate characteristics, namely the Flux Probability Density Function and the Power Spectrum, of the Lyman-Alpha forest that are sensitive to the magnetic field strength. We then examine the implications of our results. Thesis Supervisor: Mark Vogelsberger Title: Assistant Professor of Physics
Multi-Method Approach of Teaching Professional Ethics to Improve Organizational Commitment and Job Involvement: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Introduction: Learning professional ethics can enhance the effectiveness of medical graduates as future health care providers. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of professional ethics education based on a multi-method approach in organizational commitment and job involvement of senior nurse anesthesia students of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS), Ahvaz, Iran, in 2022. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test post-test design including 64 senior nurse anesthesia students of AJUMS who were selected using census method and randomly divided )using simple random method( into two groups of intervention and control (n = 32 each). For the intervention group, two 5-hour training workshops were held in 2 consecutive weeks using different training methods offered in an integrated manner, while participants in the control group received no education. Finally, the data were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 16, based on Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, paired and independent t-tests, chi-square test, and analysis of covariance. Results: Professional ethics education based on a multi-method approach had a positive effect on the organizational commitment and job involvement of senior nurse anesthesia students. There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of their job involvement (P=0.005 and F=1.65) and organizational commitment scores (P=0.025 and F=35.56). These findings suggest that professional ethics education based on a multi-method approach can improve job involvement and organizational commitment and its dimensions (normative, continuance, and affective). Conclusion: Teaching professional ethics by explaining the moral virtues of work, business affairs, and code of professional conduct promotes job involvement and organizational commitment of senior nurse anesthesia students.
High-efficiency multiple-light-source red-green-blue power combiner with optical waveguide mode coupling technique

We propose a very low loss multiple-light-source red-green-blue (RGB) power combiner by optical waveguide mode coupling technique. The combiner consists of a two-step circuit that performs both power coupling and wavelength multiplexing for an RBG multiple-light source. The first step of the circuit combines first R, G, and B as the 0th-order mode. The second step combines second R and G by mode conversion from the 0th-order mode to second-order modes using waveguide mode couplers. We used an even mode configuration to avoid asymmetric deformation of the beam due to interference between the modes. By using all of these coupler functions in the two steps, the circuit provides multiplelight-source (RRGGB) power combining. The combiner was fabricated by silica planar lightwave circuit (PLC) technology. The coupler length is about 4.5 mm, including 2.3 mm for the 0th-order coupler and 2 mm for the secondorder coupler. We estimated the coupling loss of both the 0th-order RGB coupler and second-order RG power coupler to be about 1 dB by evaluating the combined power for the 0th-order RGB couplers and the complementary output powers for mode couplers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a multiple-light-source RRGGB power combiner using multimode coupling. This method enables us to combine a much larger number of light sources using multi-stage coupling for different modes as well. Moreover, the beam shape can be controlled by mode selection.
Patients’ Experiences of Telemedicine for Their Skin Problems: Qualitative Study

Background Teledermatology is a cost-effective treatment modality for the management of skin disorders. Most evaluations use quantitative data, and far less is understood about the patients’ experience. Objective This qualitative study aimed to explore patients’ perceptions of a teledermatology service linking public primary care clinics to the national specialist dermatology clinic in Singapore. A better understanding of patients’ experiences can help refine and develop the care provided. Methods Semistructured in-depth interviews were conducted with patients who had been referred to the teledermatology service. The interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed before undergoing thematic content analysis. Results A total of 21 patients aged between 22 and 72 years were recruited. The following 3 themes were identified from the data of patients’ experiences: positive perceptions of teledermatology, concerns about teledermatology, and ideas for improving the teledermatology service. The patients found the teledermatology service convenient, saving them time and expense and liberating them from the stresses incurred when making an in-person visit to a specialist facility. They valued the confidence and reassurance they gained from having a dermatologist involved in deciding their management. The patients’ concern included data security and the quality of the images shared. Nonetheless, they were keen to see the service expanded beyond the polyclinics. Their experiences and perceptions will inform future service refinement and development. Conclusions This narrative exploration of users’ experiences of teledermatology produced rich data enabling a better understanding of the patients’ journey, the way they understand and interpret their experiences, and ideas for service refinement. Telemedicine reduces traveling and enables safe distancing, factors that are much needed during pandemics.
Regression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with reduced risk of incident diabetes: A longitudinal cohort study

Objective Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is potentially reversible. However, whether improvement of NAFLD leads to clinical benefits remains uncertain. We investigated the association between regression of NAFLD and the risk of incident diabetes in a longitudinal way. Methods A cohort of 11,260 adults who had NAFLD at in an initial exam, had the second evaluation for NAFLD status at 1~2 years from an initial exam were followed up for incident diabetes from 2001 and 2016. NAFLD was diagnosed with abdominal ultrasound. Results At baseline, NAFLD was regressed in 2,559 participants (22.7%). During 51,388 person-years of follow-up (median 4 years), 1,768 participants developed diabetes. The fully adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for incident diabetes in participants with regressed NAFLD compared to those with persistent NAFLD was 0.81 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.72–0.92]. When assessed by NAFLD severity, among participants with a low NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) (< -1.455), participants with regressed NAFLD had a lower risk of incident diabetes than those with persistent NAFLD (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.68–0.88). However, in participants with an intermediate to high NFS (≥ -1.455), the risk of incident diabetes was not different between NAFLD regression and persistence groups (HR 1.12, 95% CI 0.82–1.51). Conclusions Regression of NAFLD was associated with decreased risk of incident diabetes compared to persistent NAFLD. However, the benefit was evident only for NAFLD patients with low NFS. This suggests that early intervention for NAFLD, before advanced fibrosis is present, may maximize the metabolic benefit from NAFLD regression.
14th century Yersinia pestis genomes support emergence of pestis secunda within Europe

Pestis secunda (1356–1366 CE) is the first of a series of plague outbreaks in Europe that followed the Black Death (1346–1353 CE). Collectively this period is called the Second Pandemic. From a genomic perspective, the majority of post-Black Death strains of Yersinia pestis thus far identified in Europe display diversity accumulated over a period of centuries that form a terminal sub-branch of the Y. pestis phylogeny. It has been debated if these strains arose from local evolution of Y. pestis or if the disease was repeatedly reintroduced from an external source. Plague lineages descended from the pestis secunda, however, are thought to have persisted in non-human reservoirs outside Europe, where they eventually gave rise to the Third Pandemic (19th and 20th centuries). Resolution of competing hypotheses on the origins of the many post-Black Death outbreaks has been hindered in part by the low representation of Y. pestis genomes in archaeological specimens, especially for the pestis secunda. Here we report on five individuals from Germany that were infected with lineages of plague associated with the pestis secunda. For the two genomes of high coverage, one groups within the known diversity of genotypes associated with the pestis secunda, while the second carries an ancestral genotype that places it earlier. Through consideration of historical sources that explore first documentation of the pandemic in today’s Central Germany, we argue that these data provide robust evidence to support a post-Black Death evolution of the pathogen within Europe rather than a re-introduction from outside. Additionally, we demonstrate retrievability of Y. pestis DNA in post-cranial remains and highlight the importance of hypothesis-free pathogen screening approaches in evaluations of archaeological samples.
Holographic Pyramid Using Integral Photography Suitable for
Displaying Tall Objects

This study proposes a new holographic pyramid in which a 3D object, such as a human, can be displayed approximately 1.4 times larger even if the size of the liquid crystal display used is the same. The 3D object appears as if it is floating in the pyramid, which is typically made of plastic, and the object itself has a parallax in both horizontal and vertical directions because integral photography is used in the system.
Effectiveness of home-based interventions in improving loneliness and social connectedness among older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of home-based interventions in improving loneliness and social connectedness (primary outcomes), and depressive symptoms (secondary outcome) among older adults. Methods Eight electronic databases were searched from inception dates to February 2022. Meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effect model. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics and Cochran’s Q chi-squared test. The Cochrane risk of bias tool and the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to appraise the included studies. Results Fourteen randomized controlled trials were included. Home-based interventions were found to significantly increase older adults’ social connectedness (social support and social engagement) and reduce their loneliness and depressive symptoms. Subgroup analyses suggested that interventions which lasted more than three months and were delivered using mixed platforms were more favorable. Both professional-led and volunteer-led interventions showed favorable results. Conclusions Future studies could be conducted in varied geographical regions and consider carrying out follow-up assessments. Home-based interventions could be improved by being more than months, delivered by mixed personnel, and using mixed platforms. Considering the low-quality rating by the GRADE approach, future research is needed to confirm current findings. Key points KEY POINTS Older adults can be at higher risk for loneliness and home-based interventions may help to address this issue. This review consolidated the available evidence regarding the effectiveness of home-based interventions in improving loneliness, social connectedness, and depressive symptoms among older adults. Home-based interventions could significantly increase older adults’ social connectedness (social support and social engagement), and reduce their loneliness and depressive symptoms. Future research would be needed to ascertain the sustainability of home-based programs’ effect on older adults.
A quantitative sequencing method using synthetic internal standards including functional and phylogenetic marker genes

Abstract The method of spiking synthetic internal standard genes (ISGs) to samples for amplicon sequencing, generating sequences and converting absolute gene numbers from read counts has been used only for phylogenetic markers and has not been applied to functional markers. In this study, we developed ISGs, including gene sequences of the 16S rRNA, pmoA, encoding a subunit of particulate methane monooxygenase and amoA, encoding a subunit of ammonia monooxygenase. We added ISGs to the samples, amplified the target genes and performed amplicon sequencing. For the mock community, the copy numbers converted from read counts using ISGs were equivalent to those obtained by the quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (4.0 × 104 versus 4.1 × 104 and 3.0 × 103 versus 4.0 × 103 copies μL‐DNA−1 for 16S rRNA and pmoA genes, respectively), but we also identified underestimation, possibly due to primer coverage (7.8 × 102 versus 3.7 × 103 μL‐DNA−1 for amoA gene). We then applied this method to environmental samples and analysed phylogeny, functional diversity and absolute quantities. One Methylocystis population was most abundant in the sludge samples [16S rRNA gene (3.8 × 109 copies g−1) and the pmoA gene (2.3 × 109 copies g−1)] and were potentially interrelated. This study demonstrates that ISG spiking is useful for evaluating sequencing data processing and quantifying functional markers.
Moving beyond our borders to inspire education change

Abstract Purpose This paper contextualises a keynote address delivered at the 2022 Speech Pathology Australia National Conference in Melbourne, Australia. The paper aligns with the conference theme of Beyond Borders from the perspective of moving beyond borders of regular practice to develop strong partnerships and networks within our communities to advocate and support necessary change. Method Change or enhancement to current practice is necessary if we are to reduce current inequities in education experienced by many children in our communities, including those with communication challenges. Strengths-based and culturally responsive literacy approaches to supporting children within the context of their family and community are increasingly gaining support as we address this challenge. The Better Start Literacy Approach (Te Ara Reo Matatini), currently being implemented in junior school classrooms across New Zealand is described. It is one example of large-scale implementation of a strengths-based and culturally responsive early literacy approach, based on the science of reading. Result Data support the effectiveness of the Better Start Literacy Approach in significantly enhancing the foundational literacy skills of 5- and 6-year-old children, including those who commence school with lower levels of oral language ability. Conclusion Through establishing strong partnerships within communities, speech pathologists have much to offer in motivating systems level change to enhance early literacy success for all learners.
Optimum power allocation in V-BLAST with high-level modulation

Optimal ordering procedure, which is computationally complex in the conventional vertical Belllabs layered space-time (V-BLAST) algorithm, can be simplified. Among those low-complexity alternatives to the optimal ordering, non-uniform power allocation is intuitively attractive. The unified analysis of power optimized zero forcing (ZF) VBLAST proposed by prior work ([32]) is extended from BPSK to high-level modulations (also known as high-order modulations) by introducing a generic SER approximation—average union bound (AUB)—for multi-path fading channels. This AUB model represents SER by using two parameters related to the constellation—Ds, the normalized minimum Euclidean distance squared and Nc, the average number of the nearest constellation neighbors. First of all, the validity of AUB is demonstrated. Consequently, general average block error rate (BLER) of ZF-VBLAST can be approximated by a closed-form expression of Ds and Nc for high-level modulation, the optimum power allocation solution are obtained at high and low SNR. The SNR gain and the robustness of this optimization are also rigorously defined and investigated in a generic manner. Additionally, the above performance variations related to the constellation size are discussed. At last, an efficient Monte Carlo simulation methodology, parallel Matlab®, is adopted for the simulations in this thesis. The observations of parallelism efficiency are summarized.
Echinacoside Induces UCP1- and ATP-Dependent Thermogenesis in Beige Adipocytes via the Activation of Dopaminergic Receptors

Echinacoside (ECH) is a naturally occurring phenylethanoid glycoside, isolated from Echinacea angustifolia, and this study aimed to analyze its effect on thermogenesis and its interaction with dopaminergic receptors 1 and 5 (DRD1 and DRD5) in 3T3-L1 white adipocytes and mice models. We employed RT-PCR, immunoblot, immunofluorescence, a staining method, and an assay kit to determine its impact. ECH showed a substantial increase in browning signals in vitro and a decrease in adipogenic signals in vivo. Additionally, analysis of the iWAT showed that the key genes involved in beiging, mitochondrial biogenesis, and ATP-dependent thermogenesis were upregulated while adipogenesis and lipogenesis genes were downregulated. OXPHOS complexes, Ca2+ signaling proteins as well as intracellular Ca2+ levels were also upregulated in 3T3-L1 adipocytes following ECH treatment. This was collectively explained by mechanistic studies which showed that ECH mediated the beiging process via the DRD1/5-cAMP-PKA and subsequent downstream molecules, whereas it co-mediated the α1-AR-signaling thermogenesis via the DRD1/5/SERCA2b/RyR2/CKmt pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Animal experiments revealed that there was a 12.28% reduction in body weight gain after the ECH treatment for six weeks. The effects of ECH treatment on adipose tissue can offer more insights into the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
An unusual no‐reflow phenomenon due to neointimal tissue embolization during drug eluting balloon intervention in stent restenosis: A case report

Acute coronary syndrome is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), along with various devices, have been technically developed to dramatically improve mortality risk in patients with acute myocardial infarction. However, no‐reflow phenomenon still remains a problematic complication during a PCI, even in the era of drug eluting stents. There are various hypotheses and mechanisms for no‐reflow phenomenon, but none have been confirmed. Treatment for no‐reflow phenomenon also depends on various underlying conditions, but have not yet shown effective improvement. We presented a case of no‐reflow phenomenon caused by an unusual cause.
Novel homozygous LAMB1 in‐frame deletion in a pediatric patient with brain anomalies and cerebrovascular event

Biallelic pathogenic variants in LAMB1 have been associated with autosomal recessive lissencephaly 5 (OMIM 615191), which is characterized by brain malformations (cobblestone lissencephaly, hydrocephalus), developmental delay, and epilepsy. Pathogenic variants in LAMB1 are rare, with only 11 pathogenic variants and 11 patients reported to date. Here, we report on a 6‐year‐old patient from a consanguineous family with profound developmental delay, microcephaly, and a history of a perinatal cerebrovascular event. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed cerebellar cystic defects, signal intensity abnormalities, and a hypoplastic corpus callosum. Trio‐exome analysis revealed a homozygous in‐frame deletion of Exons 23 and 24 of LAMB1 affecting 104 amino acids including the epidermal growth factor (EGF)‐like units 11 and 12 in Domain III. To our knowledge, this is the first reported in‐frame deletion in LAMB1. Our findings broaden the clinical and molecular spectrum of LAMB1‐associated syndromes.