Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Lifestyle on Adherence to Treatment in a Sample of Patients with Unipolar and Bipolar Depression

Introduction: Poor adherence to treatment is currently stated to be one of the causes of depression relapse and recurrence. The aim of the present study is to assess potential differences in terms of clinical and lifestyle features related to adherence to treatment in a sample of patients with unipolar and bipolar depression. Methods: One hundred and eight patients with a diagnosis of unipolar or bipolar depressive episode were recruited from January 2021 to October 2022. Adherence to psychopharmacological treatment was assessed using the clinician rating scale. Descriptive and association analyses were performed to compare subgroups based on adherence to treatment. Results: Lower levels of adherence to treatment were associated with fewer years of education, work impairment, manic prevalent polarity lifetime, and greater comorbidity with alcohol and drug abuse. The majority of patients with positive adherence did not report any hospitalization and involuntary commitment lifetime. Conclusions: Patients with a positive treatment adherence showed significant differences in terms of lifestyle and clinical features compared to non-adherent patients. Our results may help to identify patients more likely to have poor medication adherence, which seem to lead to a worse disease course and quality of life.
Spatial Accessibility and Equity Evaluation of Medical Facilities Based on Improved 2SFCA: A Case Study in Xi’an, China

Accurate evaluation of the accessibility of medical facilities is a prerequisite for the reasonable allocation of medical resources in a city. The accessibility of medical facilities depends not only on the distance to the supply and demand points, but also on the time spent in the process, and the supply capacity of the supply points. Taking Xi’an City of Shaanxi Province as an example, this paper comprehensively considers the facility supply capacity and introduces the selection probability function based on the two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method. In addition, in order to approximate the residents’ acceptance of different types of hospitals for long-distance medical treatment in real situations, different levels of search radius were set for the different levels of hospitals, and ArcGIS was used to measure the accessibility and evaluate the spatial layout of medical facilities in the main urban area of Xi’an. The results show that there is a significant difference in the accessibility of medical facilities in the main urban area of Xi’an, and the accessibility tends to decrease gradually from the central city to the periphery. The inequity in the allocation of medical facilities in the main urban area of Xi’an is more obvious, with about 81.64% of people having access to 54.88% of medical resources. The accessibility evaluation model established by the improved 2SFCA method can obtain more accurate and objective evaluation results. This study can provide a reference basis for urban medical facilities’ planning and rational spatial layout.
Stability bounds on turbulent Poiseuille flow

For steady-state turbulent flows with unique mean properties, we determine a sense in which the mean velocity is linearly supercritical. The shear-turbulence literature on this point is ambiguous. As an example, we reassess the stability of mean profiles in turbulent Poiseuille flow. The Reynolds & Tiederman (1967) numerical study is used as a starting point. They had constructed a class of one-dimensional flows which included, within experimental error, the observed profile. Their numerical solutions of the resulting Orr-Sommerfeld problems led them to conclude that the Reynolds number for neutral infinitesimal disturbances was twenty-five times the Reynolds number characterizing the observed mean flow. They found also that the first nonlinear corrections were stabilizing. In the realized flow, this latter conclusion appears incompatible with the former. Hence, we have sought a more complete set of velocity profiles which could exhibit linear instability, retaining the requirement that the observed velocity profile is included in the set. We have added two dynamically generated modifications of the mean. The first addition is a fluctuation in the curvature of the mean flow generated by a Reynolds stress whose form is determined by the neutrally stable Orr-Sommerfeld solution. We find that this can reduce the stability of the observed flow by as much as a factor of two. The second addition is the zero-average downstream wave associated with the above Reynolds stress. The three-dimensional linear instability of this modification can even render the observed flow unstable. Those wave amplitudes that just barely will ensure instability of the observed flow are determined. The relation of these particular amplitudes to the limiting conditions admitted by an absolute stability criterion for disturbances on the mean flow is found. These quantitative results from stability theory lie in the observationally determined Reynolds-Tiederman similarity scheme, and hence are insensitive to changes in Reynolds number.
A branch and bound methodology for matrix polytope stability problems arising in power systems

The authors propose a formulation representing a family of linearizations in a power system dynamic model as a polytope of matrices. Using this polytope structure, a simple sufficient condition for robust stability of the matrix polytope is developed. An optimization scheme is proposed to provide a sufficient condition for instability of the polytope. These two tests are combined in a branch-and-bound algorithm that divides the polytope into smaller and smaller sub-polytopes, repeatedly testing for instability or robust stability. The algorithm terminates when any sub-polytope proves unstable or when all sub-polytopes prove robustly stable. <<ETX>>
How does the family environment affect toddlerhood language and cognitive development? Evidence from peri-urban China

Research suggests that elements of the family environment may have significant associations with cognitive and language development outcomes. Less is known, however, about the family environment in peri-urban China, where rates of cognitive and language delay in children aged 0-3years are as high as 51% and 54%, respectively. Using data collected from 81 peri-urban households with toddlers aged 18-24months in Southwestern China, this study examines the associations between stimulating parenting practices, the home language environment, and parental self-efficacy, with cognitive and language development. The results indicate that stimulating parenting practices was significantly associated with cognitive development, the home language environment was significantly associated with language development, and parental self-efficacy was significantly associated with cognitive development. The implications of such findings reveal several mechanisms for supporting healthy cognitive and language development among toddlers from peri-urban China.
Tunability of the Superconductivity of NbSe2 Films Grown by Two-Step Vapor Deposition

Layered metallic transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are ideal platforms for exploring their fascinating electronic properties at two-dimensional limits, such as their charge density wave (CDW) and superconductivity. Therefore, developing ways to improve the crystallization quality of TMDCs is urgently needed. Here we report superconductively tunable NbSe2 grown by a two-step vapor deposition method. By optimizing the sputtering conditions, superconducting NbSe2 films were prepared from highly crystalline Nb films. The bilayer NbSe2 films showed a superconducting transition temperature that was up to 3.1 K. Similar to the salt-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, superconducting monolayer NbSe2 crystals were also grown from a selenide precursor, and the growth strategy is suitable for many other TMDCs. Our growth method not only provides a way to improve the crystalline quality of TMDC films, but also gives new insight into the growth of monolayer TMDCs. It holds promise for exploring two-dimensional TMDCs in fundamental research and device applications.
Topical Administration of a Nanoformulation of Chitosan-Hyaluronic Acid-Epoetin Beta in a Rat Model of Glaucoma

The present work investigates the effects of chitosan-hyaluronic acid-epoetin beta (CS/HA-EPOβ) nanoparticles after topical ocular administration in a rat glaucoma model. Wistar Hannover rats (n = 24) were submitted to a complete ophthalmological examination and electroretinography, followed by glaucoma induction in their right eye on day 1 of the study. Treatment group (T) received CS/HA-EPOβ nanocarriers (n = 12), while the control group (C) received only empty ones. Electroretinography was repeated on day 3 (n = 24) and before euthanasia on day 7 (n = 8), 14 (n = 8), and 21 (n = 8), followed by bilateral enucleation and histological assessment. The animals showed good tolerance to the nanoformulation. Maximum IOP values on the right eye occurred shortly after glaucoma induction (T = 62.6 ± 8.3 mmHg; C = 63.6 ± 7.9 mmHg). Animals from the treated group presented a tendency for faster recovery of retinal electrical activity (p > 0.05). EPOβ was detected on the retina of all treated eyes using immunofluorescence. Control animals presented with thinner retinas compared to the treated ones (p < 0.05). Therefore, topical ocular administration of CS/HA-EPOβ nanoparticles enabled EPOβ delivery to the retina of glaucomatous rats and promoted an earlier retinal recovery, confirming EPOβ’s neuroprotective effects. The encouraging results of this preclinical study pave the way for new strategies for topical ocular administration of neuroprotective compounds.
Joint Energy Harvesting and Transmission Optimization for Cell-Free Massive MIMO With Network-Assisted Full Duplexing

This paper investigates the problem of joint energy harvesting (EH) and transmission optimization for cell-free massive MIMO with network-assisted full duplexing (NAFD), where each access point (AP) works in full-duplex mode, half-duplex mode or another flexible mode and is connected to a central processing unit (CPU) via compressed fronthaul links. The high demand on the fronthaul links and series cross-link interference (CLI) are the two main problems in cell-free massive MIMO with NAFD. Therefore, in our scheme, we propose a joint strategy of EH, fronthaul compression, and CLI cancelation to maximize the energy efficiency (EE) of the system under constraints of guaranteed quality-of-service (QoS), EH and compressed fronthaul requirements. A two-stage strategy of EH and transceiver design is proposed to solve the complicated optimization problem. Specifically, in the first stage, we propose an EH/information receiving (IR) antenna selection algorithm to design the operation mode of the antennas for uplink users and receiving APs. In the second stage, with the antennas selected in the first stage, we further attempt to solve the EE maximization problem. Furthermore, to solve the highly nonconvex EE maximization problem, we propose a fractional programming (FP)-based two-tier iterative algorithm in which a series of nonconvex–convex approximation methods, such as FP, iterative convex approximation and equivalent formulation, are used. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms yield a higher EE gain than the traditional time-division duplexing (TDD) and co-frequency co-time full duplexing (CCFD) schemes.
KIT-5 Structural and Textural Changes in Response to Different Methods of Functionalization with Sulfonic Groups

In this project, KIT-5 materials were effectively functionalized with sulfonic groups introduced by grafting or the co-condensation method and tested as heterogeneous solid acid catalyst. A co-condensation procedure leading to the stable, –SO3H functionalized KIT-5 materials was successfully established. Moreover, the influence of both synthesis methods on the structural and textural parameters, as well as surface chemistry, morphology, and catalytic activity of –SO3H/KIT-5 materials was thoroughly investigated. The syntheses with 3-mepkaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) acting as a modifying agent resulted in samples in which functional groups were introduced into the structure and/or onto the mesoporous silica surface. The oxidation stage of –SH to –SO3H groups was carried out under mild conditions, using a “green” oxidant (H2O2). The application of different functionalization techniques and the introduction of different amounts of modifying agent allowed for an evaluation of the influence of these parameters on the ordering of the mesoporous structure of KIT-5 materials. The applied methods of assessment of the physicochemical parameters (XRD, low-temperature N2 sorption, TEM) showed that, especially when the co-condensation method was applied, as the number of functional groups increased, the ordering of structure characteristic of KIT-5 decreased. On the other hand, the samples modified by grafting had a stable structure, regardless of the amount of introduced MPTMS. Test reactions carried out on the basis of Friedel–Crafts alkylation process showed that the synthesized materials can be considered promising acid catalysts in heterogeneous catalysis reactions.
Chromosomal Loci Move Subdiffusively through a Viscoelastic Cytoplasm

Tracking of fluorescently labeled chromosomal loci in live bacterial cells reveals a robust scaling of the mean square displacement (MSD) as τ(0.39). We propose that the observed motion arises from relaxation of the Rouse modes of the DNA polymer within the viscoelastic environment of the cytoplasm. The time-averaged and ensemble-averaged MSD of chromosomal loci exhibit ergodicity, and the velocity autocorrelation function is negative at short time lags. These observations are most consistent with fractional Langevin motion and rule out a continuous time random walk model as an explanation for anomalous motion in vivo.
Competition between superconductivity and magnetism in ferromagnet/superconductor heterostructures

The mutual influence of superconductivity and magnetism in F/S systems, i.e. systems of alternating ferromagnetic (F) and superconducting (S) layers, is comprehensively reviewed. For systems with ferromagnetic metal (FM) layers, a theory of the proximity effect in the dirty limit is constructed based on the Usadel equations. For an FM/S bilayer and an FM/S superlattice, a boundary-value problem involving finite FM/S boundary transparency and the diffusion and wave modes of quasi-particle motion is formulated; and the critical temperature Tc is calculated as a function of FM- and S-layer thicknesses. A detailed analysis of a large amount of experimental data amply confirms the proposed theory. It is shown that the superconducting state of an FM/S system is a superposition of two pairing mechanisms, Bardin – Cooper – Schrieffer's in S layers and Larkin – Ovchinnikov – Fulde – Ferrell's in FM ones. The competition between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic spontaneous moment orientations in FM layers is explored for the 0- and π-phase superconductivity in FM/S systems. For FI/S structures, where FI is a ferromagnetic insulator, a model for exchange interactions is proposed, which, along with direct exchange inside FI layers, includes indirect Ruderman – Kittel – Kasuya – Yosida exchange between localized spins via S-layer conduction electrons. Within this framework, possible mutual accommodation scenarios for superconducting and magnetic order parameters are found, the corresponding phase diagrams are plotted, and experimental results are explained. The results of the theory of the Josephson effect for S/F/S junctions are presented and the application of the theory of spin-dependent transport to F/S/F junctions is discussed. Application aspects of the subject are examined.
Non-Association of Driver Alterations in PTEN with Differential Gene Expression and Gene Methylation in IDH1 Wildtype Glioblastomas

During oncogenesis, alterations in driver genes called driver alterations (DAs) modulate the transcriptome, methylome and proteome through oncogenic signaling pathways. These modulatory effects of any DA may be analyzed by examining differentially expressed mRNAs (DEMs), differentially methylated genes (DMGs) and differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between tumor samples with and without that DA. We aimed to analyze these modulations with 12 common driver genes in Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 wildtype glioblastomas (IDH1-W-GBs). Using Cbioportal, groups of tumor samples with and without DAs in these 12 genes were generated from the IDH1-W-GBs available from “The Cancer Genomics Atlas Firehose Legacy Study Group” (TCGA-FL-SG) on Glioblastomas (GBs). For all 12 genes, samples with and without DAs were compared for DEMs, DMGs and DEPs. We found that DAs in PTEN were unassociated with any DEM or DMG in contrast to DAs in all other drivers, which were associated with several DEMs and DMGs. This contrasting PTEN-related property of being unassociated with differential gene expression or methylation in IDH1-W-GBs was unaffected by concurrent DAs in other common drivers or by the types of DAs affecting PTEN. From the lists of DEMs and DMGs associated with some common drivers other than PTEN, enriched gene ontology terms and insights into the co-regulatory effects of these drivers on the transcriptome were obtained. The findings from this study can improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying gliomagenesis with potential therapeutic benefits.
Renoprotective Effect of Taxifolin in Paracetamol-Induced Nephrotoxicity: Emerging Evidence from an Animal Model

Background: Taxifolin (TXF) is a flavonoid found abundantly in citrus/onion. Encouraging results on its renoprotective effect have been reported in a limited number of drug-induced nephrotoxicity animal models. The present study aimed to evaluate for the first time the potential renoprotective effects of TXF in a paracetamol (PAR)-induced nephrotoxicity rat model. Methods: Rats were divided into three equal groups (n = 6 animals per group). Group 1 (PAR group, PARG) received PAR diluted in normal saline by gavage (1000 mg/kg). Group 2 (TXF group, TXFG) received TXF diluted in normal saline by gavage (50 mg/kg) one hour after PAR administration. Group 3 (control group, CG) received normal saline. Twenty-four hours after PAR administration, all animals were sacrificed using high-dose anesthesia. Blood samples were collected and kidneys were removed. Results: The serum blood urea nitrogen, creatinine levels and serum malondialdehyde levels were significantly increased in the PARG. The serum glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and total glutathione levels were significantly higher in the TXFG. At the same time, the kidneys of the PARG animals demonstrated tubular epithelium swelling, distension and severe vacuolar degeneration. The kidneys of the TXFG animals showed mildly dilated/congested blood vessels. Conclusions: The TXF renoprotective effects are promising in preventing PAR-induced nephrotoxicity, mainly through antioxidant activity, and warrant further testing in future studies.
Spectral–Spatial Prototype Learning-Based Nearest Neighbor Classifier for Hyperspectral Images

Due to the Hughes phenomenon, hyperspectral image (HSI) classification under small sample size situation is still a key challenging problem. To alleviate this issue, we propose a novel spectral–spatial prototype learning-based nearest neighbor classifier (SSPLNN) for HSI in this article. The local spectral–spatial neighbor set is first constructed for each sample based on both spectral similarity and spatial structural context to accurately explore the local spectral–spatial information. Then, a spectral–spatial prototype learning model is designed to learn a set of spectral–spatial prototypes, which can optimally utilize both the similarity and variance of samples within each spectral–spatial set and excavate the unseen spectral–spatial variations. The learned spectral–spatial prototypes offer more complementary information to improve the classification accuracy remarkably under small sample size situation. In addition, a linear discriminative projection is simultaneously learned to make each test local spectral–spatial set to be optimally classified to the same class with its nearest neighbor (NN) spectral–spatial prototype set in the projected target subspace. Finally, the NN classifier based on measuring the minimum geometric distance between the projected test spectral–spatial set and the projected spectral–spatial prototype sets is employed to determine the label. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed SSPLNN method outperforms several well-known classification methods by a large margin on three widely analyzed HSI datasets.
A comparison of linear regression techniques in method comparison studies

In this study, the performances of linear regression techniques, which are especially used in clinical chemistry in method comparison studies, are compared via the Monte-Carlo simulation. The regression techniques that take the measurement errors of both dependent and independent variables into account are called Type II regression techniques. In this study, we also compare the performances of Type II and Type I (classical regression techniques that do not take the measurement errors of the independent variable into account) regression techniques for different sample sizes and different shape parameters of the Weibull distribution. The mean square error is used as a performance criterion of each technique. MATLAB 7.02 software is used in the simulation study. As a result, in all conditions, the ordinary least-square (OLS)-bisector regression technique, which bisects the OLS(Y | X) and the OLS(X | Y), shows the best performance.
Where Do Braid Statistics and Discrete Motion Meet Each Other?

Abstract We consider universal statistical properties of systems that are characterized by phase states with macroscopic degeneracy of the ground state. A possible topological order in such systems is described by non-linear discrete equations. We focus on the discrete equations which take place in the case of generalized exclusion principle statistics. We show that their exact solutions are quantum dimensions of the irreducible representations of certain quantum group. These solutions provide an example of the point where the generalized exclusion principle statistics and braid statistics meet each other. We propose a procedure to construct the quantum dimer models by means of projection of the knotted field configurations that involved braiding features of one-dimensional topology.
Analysis of Rotor Eccentricity Fault in IPMSM With Different Armature Winding Structures

The rotor eccentricity fault will cause the electric vehicle (EV) drive machine to generate unbalanced magnetic pull (UMP) and torque fluctuation. It may induce more complex rotor dynamics behavior and endanger the safe and reliable operation of the drive system. In this article, three spoke-type interior permanent magnet synchronous machines (IPMSMs) with different armature winding structures, which are integer-slot double-layer distributed winding, fractional-slot double-layer concentrated winding, and fractional-slot four-layer concentrated winding with star–delta (Y– $\Delta$ ) connection, are introduced. The armature magnetomotive force (MMF) analytical models of the three IPMSMs are built. Also, the air-gap permeability is analyzed when static eccentricity, dynamic eccentricity, and mixed eccentricity faults occur in IPMSMs. Furthermore, electromagnetic characteristics of the three IPMSMs under different rotor eccentricity faults are studied. Effects of static eccentricity and dynamic eccentricity faults on cogging torque, back electromotive force (EMF), radial electromagnetic force, electromagnetic torque, loss, and efficiency of the IPMSMs with three different winding structures are compared and analyzed. Research shows that the IPMSMs with integer-slot distributed winding and fractional-slot concentrated winding have different performances under rotor eccentricity faults.