Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
As-deposited low-strain LPCVD polysilicon

As-deposited polysilicon films with very low residual strain (lower than 5*10/sup -5/) are obtained by a low-pressure, chemical-vapor-deposition (LPCVD) process. Straight polysilicon bridges 300 mu m long, 1.2 mu m thick, and 2 to 20 mu m wide, have been made using this process. No buckling has been observed in any of the nearly 1000 bridges of this type made in two separate process runs. In addition, no problems of sticking between the bridges and the substrate were encountered with these structures. <<ETX>>
Assessing the adequacy of documentation through document quality indicators

Case study results for a research effort funded by the US Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) are presented. The investigation focuses on assessing the adequacy of project documentation based on an identified taxonomic structure relating documentation characteristics. Previous research in this area has been limited to the study of isolated characteristics of documentation and English prose, without considering the collective contributions of such characteristics. The research described takes those characteristics, adds others and establishes a well-defined approach to assessing the 'goodness' of software documentation. The identification of document quality indicators (DQIs) provides the basis for the assessment procedure. DQIs are hierarchically defined in terms of document qualities, factors that refine qualities, and quantifiers that provide for the measurement of factors. <<ETX>>
Adaptive Identification and Control of an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle

An adaptive controller for dive maneuvering of a submersible is presented. Main feature is that it performs adaptive pole placement of the closed loop system, based on the estimated dynamics. While the linear compensator adapts in the presence of changing operating conditions, a nonlinear controller along the lines of the Variable Structure (VS) approach guarantees robustness in the presence of nonlinearities and unmodelled dynamics.
Mobile Robotics 1997

After abandoning an attempt to build our own gasoline-powered automated outdoor vehicle in 1995, we purchased two M68332-controlled wheelchairs for indoor and outdoor mobile robotics research. Much of the first year has been spent on various infrastructure projects, several of which are described here. At this writing we are beginning to be in a position to do nontrivial applications and research using these platforms. This compendium of facts and experiences is meant to be useful in getting to know the organization and capabilities of our mobile robots. We first cover the basic hardware and the serial protocol used to communicate between the main computing engine and the microcontroller responsible for sensor management, motor control, and low-level sensori-motor control loops. We describe the interface to the video digitizer, a low-level obstacle avoidance routine, and a general software organization for a control architecture based on video streams. Dynamic nonholonomic models and a virtual environment for debugging and experimenting with them are described next, followed up by a visual servoing application that uses ``engineered vision'''' and special assumptions.
Effect of Dividend Decisions on Market Performance of Share Prices for Commercial Banks Listed at Nairobi Securities Exchange

Dividend decisions are the approaches undertaken by the management of an organization to facilitate proper allocation of the cash flows from the business activities. They provide reasonable guidelines for the organization's actions based on the satisfaction of the investors' interests and organizational objectives. They strive to achieve the goals while they seek substantial profitability of the organization. The majority of the studies involving dividend decisions focused on determining the necessity for dividend policies in an organization. Others focused on assessing the Influence of the dividend policies on the stock return of the firm. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of dividend decisions on market performance of share prices for commercial banks listed at Nairobi Stock Exchange. The specific objective is; To determine the impact of dividend payouts on the stock performance of the commercial banks listed at Nairobi Stock Exchange The independent variables in the study is dividend payouts. The dependent variable was the performance of share prices for commercial banks listed at Nairobi Stock Exchange. The theoretical review included the bird in hand theory, information signaling theory, and tax differential theory. The research used a descriptive research design approach for 12 commercial banks' target population in Kenya. The study used secondary sources to collect data, which are the bank's annual data published on the Nairobi Stock Exchange website. The research used the SPSS software for analyzing the collected data. The results show that the constant dividend pay-out ratio and residual dividend policy are the major determinants of market performance of share prices. Discretional dividend policy does not significantly influence market performance of share prices of commercial banks. The study recommends the commercial banks to constantly make proper dividend decisions to ensure good market performance of the share prices.
Life Insurance Companies: Determinants of Cost Efficiency and Profitability

One of the most important aspects of measuring a firm’s performance is its efficiency, through which the firm is expected to envisage effective cost reductions, thereby enhancing profitability. However, most studies conducted to explore the determinants of insurance companies’ performance has concentrated on the accounts earnings information and its components which are known to explain a small proportion of a firm’s performance. Also, studies on insurance either lump all the insurance companies together or pay more attention to non-life insurance, making it difficult to evaluate the fast growing life insurance industry in Ghana. Therefore, this study examines the efficiency of life insurance companies in Ghana utilising data from twelve life insurance companies for a period of 2013-2017. The efficiency scores were calculated using Efficiency Measurement System software. The fixed effect panel regression results show that, the significant determinants of both cost and profit functions are: price of labour, commission, gross premium and net investment income. It was also revealed that, on the average, the life insurance companies were about 71.2% cost efficient and 41.7% profit efficient. Further analysis reveals that, both profit and cost efficiency changes have statistically significant positive effect on firms’ Return on Asset. Policy-makers should institute policies that encourage these companies to operate efficiently in order to make effective capital allocation decisions to avoid collapse.
Preparation of Pectin Films from Coffee Cherry and Its Antibacterial Activity

This study aimed to utilize the waste from the coffee bean production process as high value-added material. Pectin extracted from the coffee pulp was classified as low methoxyl pectin (LMP) with the Degree of Esterification (DE) at 33.33 % For further application or upscaling production, the coffee pulp was boiled to retrieve the highest yield at 15.68 g/100 g DW. The antimicrobial assays of crude pectin via minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) showed that coffee pectin could inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus TISTR 1466 in the range of 2.5 - 0.62 mg, while the commercial apple pectin exhibited the inhibition only slightly. The pectin film from the coffee pectin blended with the commercial apple pectin also exhibited antimicrobial activity against S. aureus TISTR 1466. This study shows that coffee pectin could be an alternative material for antibacterial film and other applications. HIGHLIGHTS Pectin extracted from the coffee pulp by this extraction method is classified as low methoxyl pectin with the degree of esterification (DE) at 33.33 % which retrieve the highest yield at 15.68 g/100 g DW of coffee pulp The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of the coffee pectin against Staphylococcus aureus TISTR 1466 in the range of 2.5 - 0.62 mg, while the commercial apple pectin did not exhibit antimicrobial activity The pectin film from the coffee pectin 5 % blended with the commercial apple pectin also exhibited antimicrobial activity against aureus TISTR 1466 Given its antibacterial activities, as well as the ability to form film, coffee pectin could be potentially used for application in biomedical or pharmaceutical fields. Importantly, pectin from the coffee pulp could add more value to coffee by-products GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Robust speed control of DC servo motor based on Lyapunov's direct method

The speed control ability of a DC servo motor is affected by parameter variations and disturbance torque. In this paper, the robust speed control method of a DC servo motor with a disturbance torque observer is proposed, in which the disturbance torque observer is used for the compensation of parameter variations and disturbance. The influence of estimation error is restrained by feedback gain based on Lyapunov's direct method. Also, the current tracking control is very important, since motor torque is generated by the armature current. The robust current control method of a voltage source PWM inverter with a disturbance voltage observer is presented; the armature current is controlled to be exactly equal to the reference current under the variations of load parameters and operating conditions. <<ETX>>
How young, disadvantaged fathers are affected by socioeconomic and relational barriers: a UK-based qualitative study

This article is based on the interviews of nine young, socially disadvantaged fathers from the UK. Young fathers are more likely to experience socioeconomic deprivation and disrupted pathways towards parenthood, which affect their participation in socially accepted trajectories of ‘father involvement’. Whilst this has received some attention in research, studies have largely neglected to examine the lived experiences of such fathers directly. The current article aims to address this gap, building upon the limited body of research that exists exploring the impact of socioeconomic and relational barriers on father involvement. In this study, three interrelated themes demonstrate the cyclical nature of generational disadvantage, reduced socioeconomic circumstances and disrupted relationships, providing a different perspective on the decreased levels of involvement exhibited by young fathers in prior research. The findings also enlighten our understanding of how these fathers can be better supported in policy and practice, thereby contributing to current academic debate.
Intelligent Case Assignment Method Based on the Chain of Criminal Behavior Elements

: The assignment of cases means the court assigns cases to specific judges. The traditional case assignment methods, based on the facts of a case, are weak in the analysis of semantic structure of the case not considering the judges' expertise. By analyzing judges' trial logic, we find that the order of criminal behaviors affects the final judgement. To solve these problems, we regard intelligent case assignment as a text-matching problem, and propose an intelligent case assignment method based on the chain of criminal behavior elements. This method introduces the chain of criminal behavior elements to enhance the structured semantic analysis of the case. We build a BCTA (Bert-Cnn-Transformer-Attention) model to achieve intelligent case assignment. This model integrates a judge's expertise in the judge's presentation, thus recommending the most compatible judge for the case. Comparing the traditional case assignment methods, our BCTA model obtains 84% absolutely considerable improvement under P@1. In addition, comparing other classic text matching models, our BCTA model achieves an absolute considerable improvement of 4% under P@1 and 9% under Macro F1. Experiments conducted on real-world data set demonstrate the superiority of our method.
CULTURAL DIFFERENCES AS A KEY DETERMINANT OF TOURIST LOYALTY PERCEPTION

As a result of the current COVID-19 situation, tourist loyalty is a crucial predominator in maintaining the position in the global tourism market. Nevertheless, a number of factors play a significant role in shaping tourists' loyalty, however, only a few studies focus on the tourists' cultural differences. Therefore, this paper examines their impact on the tourist loyalty perception in the Czech Republic context among American, Russian, and Finnish tourists. For the American and Finnish respondents, cultural monuments played the biggest role. Contrarily, food quality and safety were the most important factors for the Russian respondents. However, regardless of nationality, there are four high-priority factors: cultural and natural attractions, safety, and acceptance by the locals. Closer attention should be paid to safety and acceptance by the locals, as they can be altered by the government to some extent. Therefore, this study might help to provide a deeper understanding of visitor loyalty.
Exploring Teachers' Views on Code-Switching as a Communicative Technique to Enhance the Teaching of Mathematics in Grade 4

The teaching and learning of mathematics in South Africa are conducted through the authorised Language of Learning and Teaching (LoLT). South Africa has eleven official languages, and English is a Language of Learning and Teaching (LoLT) from the Intermediate and Further Education and Training (FET) Phase. This study explores teachers' views on code-switching as a communicative technique to enhance teaching mathematics in Grade 4 in selected primary schools in South Africa. This qualitative single case study employed the interpretivist paradigm and social constructivism theory. A convenient purposive sampling technique was used to sample six grade 4 mathematics teachers from three primary schools in the Alexandra township in South Africa. Researchers collected data through the use of semi-structured interviews, which were later analysed and discussed using themes. Findings indicate that teachers often code-switch from LoLT (English First Additional Language) into Home Language (H.L.) to enhance learners' understanding of the mathematics concepts. Researchers suggested the integration of code-switching into the curriculum policy and followed by in-service training for Grade 4 mathematics teachers in code-switching.
Utilization of red cell concentrate from storage centers of South Gujarat

INTRODUCTION: Blood storage centres in remote areas of the country was started to serve the patients in those locations. Present study analyses the the utilisation of blood from such storage centres under one regional transfusion centre in south Gujrat. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study amount of blood requested, utilised, major reasons for utilisation were studied from available records and analysed. RESULTS: 20 storage centres serving almost 2 million population per year was studied. 2197 - 3089 units of blood were requested from these centres per year with utilisation rates of 100 – 134 units/centre/year. Severe anaemia, Antenatalcare, operations and postpartum. Haemorrhage were important causes for red cell transfusion. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The storage centres are functioning reasonably well but utilisation of around 2500 - 3500 units packed red cell per year for 2 million population suggests under utlisation of the facility.
Implications of ethno-linguistic politics on the national integration in Pakistan

The problem of national integration can be found mostly in the developing countries. The post-colonial period holds great significance in this connection. The governments of those countries did introduce different kinds of strategies to ensure national integration but failed. National integration is a big issue in Pakistan and the main reason is multi-cultural society having conflicting ethno-linguistic interests. No ruler or government seems to have honestly tried to resolve this turbulent issue. All groups living in Pakistan have many kinds of grievances. The unfair distribution of wealth is faced by all groups. The state espoused authoritarian policy to establish its position and power. Baluchistan has natural gas but is the poorest province. Similarly, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa produces electricity of Pakistan but faces more load shedding than other provinces. As for as the attainment and maintenance of national integration are concerned, provincial autonomy and strong federal institutions are the prerequisites. Only those countries have achieved national integration in the post-colonial period who have adopted pluralistic and rejected assimilationist approach. Strengthening of political institutions and federal system can redress the grievances of the oppressed groups. In this paper the researcher has tried to discuss implications of ethno-linguistic politics on national integration in Pakistan.
COMPLEXITY IN AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWERS. A FIELD STUDY PART 1: COMPLEXITY FACTORS

This study investigated factors that contribute to complexity and their incidence within FAA Air Traffic Control Towers (ATCTs). Human factors specialists from the William J. Hughes Technical Center selected six sites representing a combination of high traffic volume, traffic nix, and/or converging runways. 62 Air Traffic Control Spcialists (ATCSs) from the 6 ATCTs rated 29 complexity factors from local and ground controller perspective. The relative contributions of each of the complexity factors were site- and position-specific. High traffic volume, frequency congestion, and runway/taxiway configuration were among the leading complexity factors at all sites and for both control positions. This study characterized the differences between facilities in terms of the key factors and their incidence and summarized the interview data describing the nature of the complexity. An enhanced understanding of ATCS's decision making and tower complexity factors will help researchers predict the impact of automation and emerging technologies on controllers and ensure the continued safety and efficiency of the National Airspace System.
Estudo de Abordagens para Classificação de Textos sobre Dúvidas Tributárias Utilizando Mineração de Texto

A SEFAZ-RJ possui um canal de atendimento pelo Sistema “Fale Conosco” usado para esclarecer dúvidas de contribuintes enviadas por e-mail. Com o distanciamento social, ocasionado pela COVID-19, a automatização das respostas para um maior volume de mensagens recebidas, tornou-se fundamental. Dessa forma, esse trabalho apresenta investigação de técnicas de Mineração de Texto, visando, em um primeiro momento, a classificação das mensagens de contribuintes a partir de técnicas de Machine Learning/Deep Learning para a automatização do processo de respostas aos contribuintes. Os resultados obtidos contribuíram para uma proposta de reformulação do formulário de dúvidas dos contribuintes, além de indicarem técnicas mais promissoras para se iniciar o processo de automatização do ``Fale Conosco'' da SEFAZ-RJ.
Circuit-breaker diagnostics based on continuous wavelet transform

A new method to diagnose power circuit breakers is introduced, which is based on the use of continuous wavelet transform applied to vibroacoustic signals acquired during circuit breaker operations. The collected data were analyzed and compared with a previously established vocabulary of all possible anomalies, which allowed accurate diagnosis of the monitored apparatus and also supplied information on the kind of defect. Since the method can supply predictions on early failure, useful corrective maintenance of defective components might be scheduled to both reduce costs and greatly improve quality in the electric service. The diagnosis process can be performed in a remote control center with a reliable online monitoring system, avoiding expensive, periodic field inspections. The results of an analysis performed on a set of HV circuit breakers is reported and commented.
Outsourcing of information technology services: a decision-making framework

Summary form only given. The present paper identified an important decision making problem in IT outsourcing. Firms that operate in a multi-vendor environment have been exploring twin objectives of achieving effective cost control and greater process capabilities. Vendors offer firms several viable options for project execution both at onsite and offshore with varying levels of staff involvement in each venture. An onsite project execution model with "total ownership" entrusted to a vendor, an offshore model with vendor teams working seamlessly both at onsite and offshore, and an in-house team of firm could form a set of alternatives for evaluation by a firm. The staffing of projects and engaging services of a vendor-in full or in part-would depend on a plethora of factors ranging from availability of requisite skills to business criticality of a project. The main emphasis of the paper dwells on developing a comprehensive methodology for dealing with project planning issues in IT outsourcing arena. The paper demonstrates through a case study that decisions pertaining to selecting the best mode of project execution can be quantitatively modeled and rationally analyzed-thereby achieving consensus among IT managers.
Aluminum plant. Load modeling for stability studies

The "Sistema Electrico Patagonico Interconectado (SEPI)" is an electric system that involves the southern Argentina region. This electric system is isolated from the other one in the north of the country. 60% of its load is consumed by an aluminum production plant consisting of two 160 MW series of 200 electrolytic cells. Dynamic and transient stability studies carried out over this system taking into account present and future situations, with load and generation growing at the aluminum plant and in the remaining system, require adequate modeling of this particular load. Tests and simulations carried out to obtain the electrolytic process load model are described. Statistical behavior of the aluminum plant load variations is analyzed, to estimate the spinning reserve in the system. Available load shedding mechanisms at the aluminum plant, as a system control element were tested and the results are analyzed.
A Chain-Based Wireless Sensor Network Model Using the Douglas-Peucker Algorithm in the Iot Environment

: WSNs which are the major component in the IoT mainly use interconnected intelligent wireless sensors. These wireless sensors sense monitor and gather data from their surroundings and then deliver them to users or access connected IoT devices remotely. One of the main issues in WSNs is that sensor nodes are generally powered by batteries, but because of the rugged environments, it is difficult to add energy. The other one may cause an unbalanced energy consumption among sensor nodes due to the uneven distribution of sensors. For these reasons, the death of nodes by the energy exhausting and the performance of the network may rapidly decrease. Hence, an efficient algorithm study for prolonging the network lifetime of WSNs is one of important challenges. In this paper, a chain-based wireless sensor network model is proposed to improve network performance with balanced energy consumption via the solution of the long-distance communication problem. The proposed algorithm is consisted of three phases: Segmentation, Chain Formation, and Data Collection. In segmentation phase, an optimal distance tolerance is determined, and then the network field is divided into small sub-regions according to its value. The chain formation is started from the sub-region far away from the sink, and then extended, and sensed data are collected along a chain and transmitted to a sink. Simulations have been performed to compare with PEGASIS and Enhanced PEGASIS using an OMNET++ simulator. The simulation results from this study showed that the proposed algorithm prolonged the network lifetime via the achievement of the balanced energy consumption compared to PEGASIS and Enhanced PEGASIS. The proposed algorithm can be used in any applications to improve network performance of WSNs.