Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interferon regulatory factor‐7 is required for hair cell development during zebrafish embryogenesis

Interferon regulatory factor‐7 (IRF7) is an essential regulator of both innate and adaptive immunity. It is also expressed in the otic vesicle of zebrafish embryos. However, any role for irf7 in hair cell development was uncharacterized. Does it work as a potential deaf gene to regulate hair cell development? We used whole‐mount in situ hybridization (WISH) assay and morpholino‐mediated gene knockdown method to investigate the role of irf7 in the development of otic vesicle hair cells during zebrafish embryogenesis. We performed RNA sequencing to gain a detailed insight into the molecules/genes which are altered upon downregulation of irf7. Compared to the wild‐type siblings, knockdown of irf7 resulted in severe developmental retardation in zebrafish embryos as well as loss of neuromasts and damage to hair cells at an early stage (within 3 days post fertilization). Coinjection of zebrafish irf7 mRNA could partially rescued the defects of the morphants. atp1b2b mRNA injection can also partially rescue the phenotype induced by irf7 gene deficiency. Loss of hair cells in irf7‐morphants does not result from cell apoptosis. Gene expression profiles show that, compared to wild‐type, knockdown of irf7 can lead to 2053 and 2678 genes being upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Among them, 18 genes were annotated to hair cell (HC) development or posterior lateral line (PLL) development. All results suggest that irf7 plays an essential role in hair cell development in zebrafish, indicating that irf7 may be a member of deafness gene family.
The hyperthermic effect of central cholecystokinin is mediated by the cyclooxygenase-2 pathway.

Cholecystokinin (CCK) increases core body temperature via CCK2 receptors when administered intracerebroventricularly (icv). The mechanisms of CCK-induced hyperthermia are unknown, and it is also unknown whether CCK contributes to the fever response to systemic inflammation. We studied the interaction between central CCK signaling and the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway. Body temperature was measured in adult male Wistar rats pretreated with intraperitoneal infusion of the nonselective COX enzyme inhibitor metamizol (120 mg/kg) or a selective COX-2 inhibitor, meloxicam or etoricoxib (10 mg/kg for both) and, 30 minutes later, treated with icv CCK (1.7 µg/kg). In separate experiments, CCK-induced neuronal activation (with and without COX inhibition) was studied in thermoregulation- and feeding-related nuclei with c-Fos immunohistochemistry. CCK increased body temperature by ~0.4°C from 10 min post-infusion, which was attenuated by metamizol. CCK reduced the number of c-Fos-positive cells in the median preoptic area (by ~70%) but increased it in the dorsal hypothalamic area and in the rostral raphe pallidus (by ~50% in both); all these changes were all completely blocked with metamizol. In contrast, CCK-induced satiety and neuronal activation in the ventromedial hypothalamus were not influenced by metamizol. CCK-induced hyperthermia was also completely blocked with both selective COX-2 inhibitors studied. Finally, the CCK2 receptor antagonist YM022 (10 µg/kg; icv) attenuated the late phases of fever induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (10 µg/kg; intravenously). We conclude that centrally administered CCK causes hyperthermia through changes in the activity of "classical" thermoeffector pathways, and that the activation of COX-2 is required for the development of this response.
Chondroblastoma of the Temporal Bone: A Case Report and Literature Review.

INTRODUCTION Temporal bone chondroblastoma is a rare, locally aggressive tumour originating from immature cartilage, which recurs to a high degree. Treatment is surgical. Radiotherapy is reserved for recurrence. We describe a case of a 15-year-old-boy choosing a conservative surgical approach with reconstruction of the posterior canal wall. This study aims to report a rare pediatric case. METHODS A literature review was performed to better understand temporal bone chondroblastomas, to describe their histopathological and radiological characteristics and to establish the optimal surgical and non-surgical treatments. The research of previous published data was done using PubMed with keywords mentioned below. RESULTS Authors present a case of a 15-year-old boy with hearing impairment and facial nerve palsy. Conservative surgery with reconstruction of the tympanic membrane and posterior wall of the external auditory canal, restoring the hearing has been performed. We did not administer any adjuvant therapies. No sign of recurrence was observed 1 year after primary surgery. Facial nerve function is normal, and hearing is satisfactory. CONCLUSION Chondroblastomas account for less than 1% of primary bone tumours. Temporal bone chondroblastoma is rare, locally aggressive, with a high prevalence of recurrence. This study describes specific histopathological and radiological findings, the chosen surgical approach and follow-up to improve the management and the prognosis of patients affected with this particular clinical entity.
Domestication obscures genomic estimates of population history

Domesticated species are valuable models to examine phenotypic evolution, and knowledge on domestication history is critical for understanding the trajectories of evolutionary changes. Sequentially Markov Coalescent models are often used to infer domestication history. However, domestication practices may obscure the signal left by population history, affecting demographic inference. Here we assembled the genomes of a recently domesticated species—the society finch—and its parent species—the white‐rumped munia—to examine its domestication history. We applied genomic analyses to two society finch breeds and white‐rumped munias to test whether domestication of the former resulted from inbreeding or hybridization. The society finch showed longer and more runs of homozygosity and lower genomic heterozygosity than the white‐rumped munia, supporting an inbreeding origin in the former. Blocks of white‐rumped munia and other ancestry in society finch genomes showed similar genetic distance between the two taxa, inconsistent with the hybridization origin hypothesis. We then applied two Sequentially Markov Coalescent models—psmc and smc++—to infer the demographic histories of both. Surprisingly, the two models did not reveal a recent population bottleneck, but instead the psmc model showed a specious, dramatic population increase in the society finch. Subsequently, we used simulated genomes based on an array of demographic scenarios to demonstrate that recent inbreeding, not hybridization, caused the distorted psmc population trajectory. Such analyses could have misled our understanding of the domestication process. Our findings stress caution when interpreting the histories of recently domesticated species inferred by psmc, arguing that these histories require multiple analyses to validate.
Assessment of Intercostal Nerve Block Analgesia for Thoracic Surgery

Key Points Question Is the use of intercostal nerve block (ICNB) analgesia safe and beneficial for adults undergoing thoracic surgery? Findings In this systematic review and meta-analysis of 66 studies including 5184 adult patients undergoing thoracic surgery, the use of ICNB was associated with a clinically and statistically relevant analgesic benefit during the first 24 hours after thoracic surgery, with outcomes that were superior to systemic analgesia and noninferior to other techniques. Although ICNB was associated with a reduction in postoperative opioid consumption, the extent of this reduction was inferior to that of thoracic epidural and paravertebral block analgesia. Meaning This study found that ICNB was safe and beneficial for adults undergoing thoracic surgery, providing a reduction in pain during the first 24 hours after thoracic surgery; ICNB may be most beneficial for cases in which thoracic epidural or paravertebral block analgesia are not indicated.
“Just think of it as sexercise” – healthcare providers’ perceptions about sexual health education in cardiac rehabilitation programs

Abstract Purpose Sexual health education (SHE) is an important rehabilitation component for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) survivors but is not routinely provided. This study’s purpose was to explore healthcare providers’ experiences of providing SHE to ACS survivors in cardiac rehabilitation programs to identify best practices. Methods This qualitative study used convenience sampling and an interpretive descriptive design. Inclusion criteria were a healthcare provider employed within a cardiac rehabilitation program in a Western Canadian province. Eight cardiac rehabilitation healthcare providers volunteered to participate. The first author conducted semi-structured, digitally recorded interviews that were transcribed verbatim. The interviews were guided by a semi-structured interview guide anchored in the strengths-based, sex positive guiding frameworks. A reflective journal and socio-demographic forms served as additional data sources. Data were analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding as well as constant comparative analysis. Credibility was ensured through peer-reviewed evaluation criteria. Results Eight healthcare providers participated in the study. Participants equated sexuality and sexual health with physical activity and physical health. Findings identified philosophical perspectives and several barriers and facilitators that impact SHE provision. Participants offered strategies that may be used in practice and their recommendations provide a beginning foundation to improve cardiac rehabilitation programs and the health of ACS survivors. Conclusion Healthcare providers in cardiac rehabilitation programs described their SHE experiences as “just think of it as sexercise. ” Facilitation of SHE is important as previous studies found that SHE may reduce fear, depression, and anxiety and increase the return to sexual activity among ACS survivors. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Sexual health doesn’t need to be a taboo topic. Approach sexual health conversations by thinking of it as “sexercise”. Don’t let silos stop sexual health education – talk to your coworkers and patients about sexual health. Knowledge about sexual health, timing of sexual health education, and communication between care providers and patients are important factors in delivery of sexual health education.
Improved anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin by designing self-emulsifying drug delivery system

Abstract The purpose of the present study was to prepare and evaluate self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) of curcumin (Cur) to enhance its solubility and percentage release for the evaluation of anti-inflammatory effect. Curcumin loaded SEDDS formulation was prepared, and zones of self-emulsification were recognized by dilution method for the construction of phase diagram. Lauroglycol FCC, tween 80 (surfactant), and transcutol HP (co-surfactant) were selected based on their solubility and highest emulsion region in phase diagram. Thermodynamic stability of Cur-SEDDS was calculated through globule size, zeta potential, polydispersity index (PDI), viscosity, and pH. Cur-SEDDS were also characterized by encapsulation efficiency (EE %), FT-IR, in vitro release, and in vivo anti-inflammatory effect. Results revealed that droplet size of Cur-SEDDS was 19.77 ± 0.03 nm with their PDI 0.22 ± 0.19, zeta potential −19.33 ± 0.94 and viscosity 25.68 ± 0.86 cp. EE % of Cur-SEDDS was found to be 94.99 ± 0.38%, percentage release 65.83% compared with pure Cur powder. The designed formulation possesses significant anti-inflammatory activity in paw edema when compared with positive control in carrageenan induced rat paw edema assay. Newly developed Cur-SEDDS with enhanced Cur solubility, percentage release, and better anti-inflammatory action may be an alternative source of oral delivery of Cur.
Multiparametric analysis of coronary flow in psoriasis using a coronary flow reserve companion

Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is usually evaluated measuring coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR). A more comprehensive analysis of CFVR including additional consideration of the associated logical companion‐CFVR, where hyperemic diastolic coronary flow velocity may act as surrogate, was applied in this study to elucidate the mechanism of CMD in psoriasis.
Physical activity during the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic is linked to better mood and emotion

Abstract The SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic may negatively impact mood and emotion. Physical activity may protect against mood disturbance and promote positive affect. This study asked if physical activity before, during, or the change in physical activity with the pandemic, impacted affect and mood during the pandemic. US adult residents (18–74 years; N = 338) were surveyed from 29 April to 3 June 2020. Physical activity before and during the pandemic was assessed with the Physical Activity Rating survey. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule measured affect and the Profile of Moods Questionnaire assessed mood. Comparisons between physically inactive and active participants by Analysis of Covariance found greater vigour in participants classed as physically active before the pandemic. Positive affect, vigour and esteem‐related affect were greater in participants physically active during the pandemic. Multiple linear regression revealed relationships between the change in physical activity and mood. Change in physical activity positively associated with positive affect (b = 1.06), esteem‐related affect (b = 0.33) and vigour (b = 0.53), and negatively associated with negative affect (b = −0.47), total mood disturbance (b = −2.60), tension (b = −0.31), anger (b = −0.24), fatigue (b = −0.54), depression (b = −0.50) and confusion (b = −0.23). These data demonstrate that physical activity during the pandemic, and increased physical activity relative to before the pandemic, related to better mood.
Theory of mind in dysphoric and non-dysphoric adults: An ERP study of true- and false-belief reasoning

ABSTRACT Theory of mind (ToM) – the understanding that others’ behaviors are connected with internal mental states – is an important part of everyday social cognition. There is increasing behavioral evidence that ToM reasoning can be affected by mood. To gain insight into the ways sad mood may affect the underlying mechanisms of ToM reasoning, we recorded event-related brain potentials (ERPs) as dysphoric (N = 16) and non-dysphoric (N = 24) participants reasoned about a protagonist’s true or false beliefs about an object’s location. Results showed significant group effects on early components of the ERP – individuals in the dysphoric group showed greater amplitudes for the anterior N1 and N2/P2 components relative to those in the non-dysphoric group. Later in the ERP, non-dysphoric individuals showed evidence of neurocognitive dissociations between true and false belief. Dysphoric individuals, however, did not show evidence for these later dissociations. This evidence suggests that dysphoria may be associated with effortful reasoning about other’s mental states, even when that effort is not necessary (i.e., when reasoning about true beliefs). We discuss the implications of these findings for understanding how mood affects ToM reasoning and for how especially deliberative ToM processing in dysphoria may lead to social difficulties.
Analysis and Calculation of the Strain Field Disturbance Caused by Dislocation Migration

In order to elucidate the different characters of elastic waves caused respectively by screw and edge dislocation movement, we calculated the stain field disturbance caused by migration of dislocation by elastic theory. Through the calculation, it was found that the strain field disturbance resulted from screw dislocation migration produces a transverse wave radiation while that resulted from edge dislocation migration produces transverse wave and longitudinal wave simultaneously. The result reveals the different energy radiation characters of screw dislocations and edge dislocations and explains the reason that edge dislocation moves faster than screw dislocation in general experiment. It also provides a theoretical basis for determining microcosmic mechanism of plastic deformation of metals by monitoring the changes of elastic waves.
The emotional adaptation aftereffect discriminates between individuals with high and low levels of depressive symptoms

ABSTRACT The adaptation aftereffect plays a critical role in human development and survival. Existing studies have found that, compared with general individuals, individuals with learning disability, autism and dyslexia show a smaller amount of non-affective-based cognitive adaptation aftereffect. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether individuals with depression or depression tendency show similar phenomenon in the adaptation aftereffect, and whether such depression tendency occurs in the non-affective-based cognitive or emotional adaptation aftereffect. To address this question, the present study conducted two experiments. Experiments 1A and 1B used the emotional facial expression adaptation paradigm to examine whether Chinese participants showed the emotional adaptation aftereffect and whether the emotional adaptation aftereffect was influenced by physical features of faces, respectively. Experiment 2 recruited two groups of participants, with high and low depression, respectively, to examine whether they showed differences in the emotional or cognitive adaptation aftereffect. Results showed that Chinese participants showed the typical emotional adaptation aftereffect, which was not influenced by physical features of faces. More importantly, compared to the low-depression group, the high-depression group showed a smaller emotional adaptation aftereffect, but the two groups showed a similar cognitive adaptation aftereffect. These results suggest that level of depressive symptoms is associated with the emotional adaptation aftereffect.
Comparison of intravenous and oral administration of acetaminophen in adults undergoing general anesthesia

Acetaminophen is a widely clinically used analgesic. However, the clinical effect of the route of administration on postoperative analgesia as well as on postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing general anesthesia remains unclear. This study aimed to explore whether the route of administration of acetaminophen affects postoperative analgesia, nausea, and vomiting in patients undergoing general anesthesia.
Miniaturised electromagnetic bandgap structures for broadband switching noise suppression in PCBs

A novel concept for ultra-wideband suppression of switching noise in high-speed printed circuit boards (PCBs) is proposed, implemented and tested. This concept consists of using non-symmetrical, embedded electromagnetic bandgap (EEBG) structures in conjunction with material with high dielectric constants. The proposed design modifies the classical EEBG structures to achieve a high degree of miniaturisation and an unprecedented broadband suppression of switching noise.
Metabolic reprogramming of macrophages instigates CCL21‐induced arthritis

This study was designed to delineate the functional significance of CCL21 in metabolic reprogramming in experimental arthritis and differentiated rheumatoid arthritis (RA) macrophages (MΦs). To characterize the influence of CCL21 on immunometabolism, its mechanism of action was elucidated by dysregulating glucose uptake in preclinical arthritis and RA MΦs. In CCL21 arthritic joints, the glycolytic intermediates hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), cMYC and GLUT1 were overexpressed compared with oxidative regulators estrogen‐related receptor γ and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 (PGC1)‐α. Interestingly, 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose (2‐DG) therapy mitigated CCL21‐induced arthritis by restraining the number of joint F4/80+iNOS+MΦs without impacting F4/80+Arginase+MΦs. Similar to the preclinical findings, blockade of glycolysis negated CCL21‐polarized CD14+CD86+GLUT+MΦ frequency; however, CD14+CD206+GLUT+MΦs were not implicated in this process. In CCL21‐induced arthritis and differentiated RA MΦs, the inflammatory imprint was uniquely intercepted by 2‐DG via interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) downregulation. Despite the more expansive inflammatory response of CCL21 in the arthritic joints relative to the differentiated RA MΦs, 2‐DG was ineffective in joint tumor necrosis factor‐α, IL‐1β, CCL2 and CCL5 enrichment. By contrast, disruption of glycolysis markedly impaired CCL21‐induced HIF1α and cMYC signaling in arthritic mice. Notably, in RA MΦs, glycolysis interception was directed toward dysregulating CCL21‐enhanced HIF1α transcription. Nonetheless, in concurrence with the diminished IL‐6 levels, CCL21 differentiation of CD14+CD86+GLUT1+MΦs was reversed by glycolysis and HIIF1α inhibition. Moreover, in the CCL21 experimental arthritis or differentiated RA MΦs, the malfunctioning metabolic machinery was accompanied by impaired oxidative phosphorylation because of reduced PGC1α or peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ expression. CCL21 reconfigures naïve myeloid cells into glycolytic RA CD14+CD86+GLUT+IL‐6highHIF1αhigh MΦs. Therefore, inhibiting the CCL21/CCR7 pathway may provide a promising therapeutic strategy.
Design and evaluation of basic standard encryption algorithm modules using nanosized complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor–molecular circuits

We are proposing that the recently proposed semiconductor–nanowire–molecular architecture (CMOL) is an optimum platform to realize encryption algorithms. The basic modules for the advanced encryption standard algorithm (Rijndael) have been designed using CMOL architecture. The performance of this design has been evaluated with respect to chip area and speed. It is observed that CMOL provides considerable improvement over implementation with regular CMOS architecture even with a 20% defect rate. Pseudo-optimum gate placement and routing are provided for Rijndael building blocks and the possibility of designing high speed, attack tolerant and long key encryptions are discussed.
Effect of advance care planning discussions with trained nurses in older adults with chronic diseases in Japan.

BACKGROUND Advance care planning (ACP) discussions are often procrastinated due to both physician and patient factors. However, ACP should be started earlier, to provide more time for reviewing one's values and discussing them with loved ones and medical professionals. This study examined the effectiveness of ACP discussions with health care providers held among older adults with chronic diseases. METHODS This was a non-randomized controlled trial among chronically ill people aged 65 years and older. A 6-month follow-up was conducted in the intervention group, in which participants had ACP discussions with trained nurses (n=115), and the control group, in which participants did not discuss ACP (n=115). Questionnaires were administered at baseline and at 6 months, to examine knowledge, ACP readiness and self-efficacy, and comprehensive quality of life (QoL). RESULTS A total of 200 participants were included in the analysis. The mean age of participants was 69.6 years. There was only a small change in knowledge scores before and after the intervention, with no significant difference between the two groups. ACP engagement was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group at 6 months (P=0.016). Comprehensive QoL was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (P<0.001). After adjusting for confounders using multiple regression analysis, there was still an association between those higher scores and the intervention (P=0.01, P=0.044). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that older adults with chronic diseases can have better communication with their families and health care providers and a higher QoL if they engage in ACP discussions with trained nurses at an early stage.