Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biological Effects of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-?) in Systemic Inflammation. Running title: TNF-? for systemic inflammation

Aim . The purpose of this article review is to investigate the biological effects of TNF-α in systemic inflammation at moderate levels. TNF-α is a product of macrophages, one of the body’s defence systems that is active in the presence of a bacterial infection. Background . TNF-α plays a role in host defence for bacterial, viral and parasitic infections. TNF-α is produced by macrophages and is activated by T cell lymphocytes, antigens, NK cells, and mast cells. TNF-α is usually not detected in healthy individuals but is often found in conditions of inflammation and infection in the serum. TNF-α works against leukocytes and endothelium, induces acute inflammation at low levels because TNF-α is a strong pyrogen. TNF-α plays a role in systemic inflammation at moderate levels. TNF-α causes pathological abnormalities in high levels of septic shock, because TNF-α is cytotoxic. Riview Results . In the review of this article we get results about the biological effects of TNF-α on systemic inflammation at moderate levels and their role in the humoral and cellular immune systems. Conclusion . TNF-α has a biological effect on systemic inflammation at moderate levels and has a strong role in the humoral and cellular immune systems.
Dreaming in the World

I think dreams are very important in a number of ways. I share a sense of the significance of dreaming with Sigmund Freud and Fritz Perls. I regularly bring work with dreams into my therapy, training and groupwork as a way that orients our sense of what is happening both individually and collectively. I will write this in two parts. The first part is an overview of how I understand dreams and different ways I have been working with them as a therapist. The second part introduces a way of working with dreams that I have developed in the past few years, that takes both the understanding and the work in a different direction that collapses the strict separation between waking and dreaming.
RFID

RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), which is a kind of the electronic tag, is a wireless access device using the radio frequency for recognizing the ID information. It has a variety of application such as the bus card, gate access card, distribution industry, and management of construction materials. The performance and size of RFID depend on the penetrability, recognition ratio, memory size, multi tag recognition, external pollution dust, and exterior impact, and RFID requires the packaging to protect itself considered above factors. Recently, RFID is diversely employed to effectively manage construction materials and the RFID packaging, which is robust to the external impact, is required to attach RFID on construction materials. In this paper, we propose the construction material RFID packaging designed to be robust for the external impact and to be practicable for change of the broken RFID. For the change of RFID, we separate the cast and body of the packaging. Also, we present the detail drawing for the proposed construction material RFID packaging and implement the performance evaluation of the packaging manufactured using 3D printer.
Focusing the parabolic antenna

The focused parabolic antenna has far field pattern characteristics in the radiating near field region. Therefore, it can provide fine resolutions in the across range dimensions. The technique of focusing the parabolic antenna is discussed and applied to a 2-1/2 foot parabolic antenna at X-band. The results of the pattern measurements at various ranges from 2.8 m to 5 m are provided.
Semiconductor Technology and U.S. National Security

Abstract : The transfer of semiconductor technology from the U.S. to offshore locations, in particular, China, is a national security concern. In this globalization era, U.S. industries hail China as an enormous opportunity. Others, however, cast a suspicious eye on China's military modernization. Export policies to China's rising semiconductor capabilities are largely ineffective. Officials point to China's active involvement to secure a semiconductor infrastructure and the corresponding loss of U.S. semiconductor industry leadership. However, restricting the flow of semiconductor technology in the name of national security is unwise. Instead, the U.S. must provide the technical leadership to the U.S. semiconductor industry through innovative research and development. A viable solution must involve realigning semiconductor export policies, aggressively enforcing semiconductor intellectual property, streamlining the decision making process, and establishing U.S. government-run fabrication facility dedicated to semiconductor research, development, and manufacturing. America needs to establish its worldwide leadership in semiconductor technology in order to maintain a clear technological advantage over any peer competitor.
The design of distributed database systems in the presence of failures

With the prevalence of database application and the widespread availability of communication networks, distributed databases systems remains an important topic in the 1990's. While distributed database systems have been the subject of extensive research, their acceptance in the industry remains tenuous. A key reason for this phenomenon is that for such a system to function properly, it must perform correctly in the presence of communication and site failures; that is, it must be fault-tolerant. Achieving fault-tolerance in such a system is non-trivial, as the implementation of system protocols in notoriously difficult, especially if failures are considered. Another reason for the lack of acceptance of distributed database systems is the difficulty involved in assessing the performance impact of the protocols employed in such systems, especially in the presence of failures: the is a myriad of factors to consider, and yet very little published performance data is available. This dissertation makes two contributions in the area of designing distributed database systems. Our first contribution is the development of a simulation testbed for a distributed database system which encompasses both the details of the protocols and failures in the system. Using this testbed, we investigated the performance of two major classes of protocols in a distributed database system: atomic commitment protocols and replica control protocols. The second contribution is the identification of efficient fault-tolerance protocols for these two classes of protocols.
Ecological Interface Design For Complex Systems: An Example: SEAD UAV Systems

Abstract : This investigation evaluates a framework for design of ecological information systems as applied for the command and control function of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAVs). In this context, the term interface design is not referring to the human computer interface, but to the interface between a decision maker and the deep relational structure of the workspace. This framework was developed for the domains of industrial process and manufacturing systems, tested through analyses of hospital and library systems, and recently further developed to model the socio-technical system involved in risk management in a modern, dynamic society. The introduction of uninhabited vehicles has raised considerable research interest, but the topics discussed have largely been related to the problems appearing when remote control of an air vehicle and its payload is introduced. Correspondingly, the system concept has been described as an effort to keep the pilots head in the cockpit and leave the rest of him at home and a literature search has shown that the human factors discussed are related mainly to display, control, and training issues.
The Design of High Frequency True Single Phase Clocking Divider-by-3 Circuit

Abstract—We evaluated the use of a true single phase clocking(TSPC) circuit as a high-frequency divider-by-3 circuit. Thisdivider consists of two TSPC D-ﬂip-ﬂops (D-FFs) with NORgate logic circuitry. To achieve high-speed operations as well asdownsize the circuit, the NOR functions are implemented intothe TSPC D-FF. We designed the divider using a 0.18- „ m RFCMOS process; the circuit is 100 £ 200 „ m 2 . Compared withthe existing design such as a source coupled logic circuit, a 50%reduction of circuit area was achieved. The power consumptionand operating frequency of the proposed divider was investigated.In the measurements, we conﬁrmed the frequency divided by3 at less than 3.14 GHz clock with 2.34 mW. The circuit isimplemented in low-power high-frequency dividers for wirelesslocal area network applications.Index Terms—SCL, TSPC, High frequency divider, Divider-by-3 circuit, High speed operation. I. INTRODUCTION T HE ﬁeld of broadband communications has been rapidlyexpanding as the information society continues to grow.Relatively large amounts of data can now be handled with ease,and the exchange of image and music data is commonplace.In both wired and wireless communications, synchronoustechnology is indispensable, and this technology is used onvarious levels, such as the protocol and circuit levels. Adivider generates a fraction of the reference frequency, andis used for a clock generator, a frequency synthesizer, andother operations [1], [2], [3]. An ordinary high frequency divider in a CMOS processconsists of source coupled logic- (SCL-)[4] D-ﬂipﬂops (D-FFs). Since the SCL uses a differential operation, this circuitcan perform high-speed operations at low amplitudes (Fig. 1). The SCL circuit has two- cross coupled nMOSFETs, loadpMOSFETs, differential-connection nMOSFETs and switch-ing current sources.When clk signal
OPTIMAL TERMINUS LOCATION FOR A RAIL LINE WITH MANY TO MANY TRAVEL DEMAND

This paper presents a methodology to determine the optimum termini location of a cross-town rail line. A particular feature of this model is that it incorporates a many to many travel demand pattern that has been achieved by the use of through passenger load as the demand variable. Also discussed is the inclusion of a line cost that varies with location. The effect of inclusion of passenger transfer penalty cost is seen to cause the optimum start and end points to move further away from the central business district (CBD). The validity and applicability of the model is tested using the existing Northwest to South light rail transit line in Calgary as a case study.
A macroscopic probabilistic model of adaptive foraging in swarm robotics systems

In this paper, we extend a macroscopic probabilistic model of a swarm of foraging robots from the homogeneous to the heterogeneous case. In the swarm, each robot is capable of adjusting its searching time and resting time thresholds following the rules described in our previous paper [1]. In order to model the difference between robots, private/public resting time and searching time thresholds are introduced, a number of equations are then developed to work out the relationship between these private time thresholds and public time thresholds based on previously developed difference equations [2]. The extended macroscopic probabilistic model has been tested using the simulation tools Player/Stage. The results from the macroscopic probabilistic model match with those from the simulation with reasonable accuracy, not only in the final net energy of the swarm but also in the instantaneous net energy. Although the model is specific to adaptive foraging, we believe the methodology can be extended to other systems in which the heterogeneity of the system is coupled with its time parameters.
Occupancy Pattern in Office Buildings: Consequences for HVAC system design and operation

Most ventilation regulations and standards are descriptive, meaning that they require ventilation flow rates which are assumed to dilute pollutants to acceptable concentrations. The required ventilation flow rates differ considerably between regulations and standards worldwide. This paper compares regulations in Scandinavia These countries should be quite similar with respect to culture, building tradition, climate etc. In spite of similarities, the difference in required or recommended outdoor air flow rates is significant between the countries. A possible explanation may be uncertainties about indoor air quality and the necessary level of ventilation, in combination with different views on the balance between indoor air quality and energy use.
A comparison of production processes for OER

In most cases the initial production and publication of OER is undertaken by a University and funded through a special project with grants from external bodies. In this phase, OER are developed both from scratch or derived from existing Higher Education courses. After this project phase, the ongoing development and publication of OER continues and the question of the management and upgrading of the OER comes into focus. The costs of producing and upgrading OER are an important factor in devising a sustainable process. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an efficient process for the continuing production, publication and maintenance of OER. To learn more about influencing factors of production process efficiency we have compared the production processes of two institutions, the Open University UK (OU-UK) and the Open Universiteit Netherlands (OU-NL), both in the initial project phase (OpenLearn for OU-UK and OpenER for OU-NL) and the post initial phase. We aim to identify the differences and commonalities and the influence of these on the efficiency of the production processes. The main difference between the two Universities is the adoption of state-of-the-art (XML) standard to deliver to different channels at OU-UK. At OU-NL this adoption has just started. Valuable lessons learned in the project phase for the post initial phase are clear specification of requirements for selection of an open course and utilization of technologies already being used for regular materials production. Both institutions firstly drew upon the existing expertise and capabilities for educational resource production being used for regular courses. But rather than strictly follow exactly the same process and possibly compromise the more mission critical development of resources for students both institutions chose to experiment or adapt this process to help provide lessons that might be taken back into regular materials production. Once these lessons and experiences had been gained both open universities sought to reduce the costs of dealing with legacy or de novo educational resources by integrating identification, production and publication within the regular curriculum and course development processes.
No Rest for the Weary: Commuting, Hours Worked, and Sleep

This paper is the first to combine data from large nationwide surveys to investigate how commuting and work hours affect sleep. I estimate that 11-21\% of the marginal unit of time spent working and 22-30\% of the marginal unit of time spent commuting replace sleep. Controlling for these effects, commuting before 5 a.m. and after 9 a.m. each increase the likelihood of short sleep. I also find that time spent commuting and working and the prevalence of these strange commute times each contribute to unintentionally falling asleep at some time during the day, while early commuting in particular increases the likelihood of falling asleep while driving. Little of these effects are explained by reduced time spent sleeping, indicating that there are multiple biological channels through which commuting duration and timing impact road safety. None of these effects appear for non-workers as opposed to the employed, supporting the validity of the results. Overall, most of the effects are stronger for women than for men, though the prevalence of early commutes is particularly associated with less sleep among men.
Subjective sleep quality and association with depression syndrome, chronic disease and health-related physical fitness in middle-aged and elderly

BackgroundSleep quality as a complex phenomenon is difficult to define and measure objectively, multiple factors are related to sleep quality, such as age, lifestyle, physical activity, and physical fitness, are prominent in the older adult population. The aim of the present study was to evaluate subjective sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and associate with the health-related physical fitness factors, depression symptom, and chronic disease numbers in middle-aged and elderly.MethodsWe enrolled a total of 283 participants with middle-aged and elderly from a rehabilitation clinic or health examination department. The PSQI was used to evaluate sleep quality. The health-related fitness assessment includes anthropometric and physical fitness. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) short form. Data were analyzed with SPSS 18.0, descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were performed for analysis.ResultsOverall, 27.9% of the participants in this study demonstrated poor sleep quality (PSQI score> 5), 10.2% of the study participants frequently used sleep medication to help them fall asleep, 6.0% reported having significant depressive symptoms (CES-D ≥ 10). The results have three major foundlings (1) depression symptom, number of chronic disease, self-rate health and arthritis were significantly associated with poor sleep quality, (2) age was associated with sleep disturbance, (3) two-min step was associated with longer sleep latency. This results confirmed two-min step was associated with longer sleep latency among the health-related physical fitness items.ConclusionOur studies found that depressive syndromes, chronic disease numbers, poor self-rated health status and arthritis were the main risk factors that influenced subjective sleep quality.
Agri-environmental and rural development indicators: a proposal

The present work is a proposal of a set of indicators prepared for the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. The indicators are to be used in monitoring the implementation of the Ministry's strategy for sustainable use of natural resources. The core of the present work is in setting up an indicator system, which is structured around specific themes. The focus is on the assessment of agricultural and rural development. At the end, an attempt is made to provide a comprehensive picture by considering the mutual inter-linkages between the various indicators.
A study in consumption of interior products and identity : I am what I have

The society of today has evolved to a consumption society and peoples´ lives have become continuously evolving projects. Today, a huge trend in personalized homes can be identified which express the importance that the homes express the identity of the residents. This together with that the Swedish market for home decoration has increased by 64% during the last decade makes it an interesting area to investigate. Based from these findings, the purpose of this thesis is to investigate the connection between consumption of interior products and identity. The method approach used for this research is of a qualitative nature, and three different focus groups have been conducted. To increase the response rate several in-depth interviews were also conducted. This has contributed to the empirical findings, which connected to the literature review has lead to the analysis and conclusions of this research. The conclusions that were found reveal several strong connections between consumption of interior products and identity. In the process of decorating one's home the identity will inevitably shine through, much due to personal preferences that reflects the identity. Further, people seem to believe that others form judgements based on their home decoration, which also affects the connections between the identity and consumption of interior products.
Analysis of Multihoming in Mobile IPv6

Mobile IPv6 as specified in RFC 3775 allows a mobile node to maintain its IPv6 communications while moving between subnets. This document investigates configurations where a mobile node running Mobile IPv6 is multihomed. The use of multiple addresses is foreseen to provide ubiquitous, permanent and fault-tolerant access to the Internet, particularly on mobile nodes which are more prone to failure or sudden lack of connectivity. However, Mobile IPv6 currently lacks support for such multihomed nodes. The purpose of this document is to detail all the issues arising through the operation of Mobile IPv6 on multihomed mobile nodes.
Biochemical and Toxicological Investigations of 5-Fluorouracil, Nimesulide, and Ascorbic Acid in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Introduction: Blood pressure (BP) control continues to be important in reducing cardiovascular risk, along with the modification of other cardiovascular risk factors, especially cholesterol level. Lifestyle modification to reduce BP may control Stage 1 hypertension. Drug treatment should be based on evidence of improved outcomes and individualized account for the patient age, race, and quality of life. BP varies from minute to minute and is influenced by measurement technique, time of day, emotion, pain, discomfort, hydration, temperature, exercise, posture, and drugs. Purpose of Review: In this review, we examine how synthetic novel drugs involved in the management of hypertension not only in the wider population but also within special population groups such as the elderly, pregnant women, and those with a trial fibrillation. Conclusion: The extensive synthetic work carried out shows that some molecules are very effectively managing the hypertension in all ages of patients. Summary: We have made an attempt in reviewing the literature on 1,2 pyrazoline derivatives for their medicinal uses with the help of chemical abstract, journals, and internet surfing.
Wavelet Decomposition for Discrete Probability Maps

Abstract : Modern day electronic warfare often contains a heterogeneous mix of distributed sensors. This mix of sensors provides information about the probability of emitters being located at certain points. This discrete probability map (DPM) must be reported to the commander or some other decision maker in a timely fashion. This report shows that with respect to current methods the most effective way to transmit the DPM is through wavelet decomposition. Following an introduction into wavelet theory we go on to discuss the specifics of the Haar wavelet. Using a sample image, we show how to decompose data by wavelets, specify a compression ratio, transmit a specific region of interest only and reconstruct the data from the wavelets. Having established these techniques we give a specific example of a DPM generated by noisy sensors trying to locate a radar from time difference of arrival, bearings and scan-rate measurements. We conclude the report with a discussion of wavelet basis functions other than the Haar wavelets.
Long-Range Entropic Effects on Protein Intrinsically Disordered Regions

Entropy calculations represent one of the most challenging steps in obtaining the binding free energy in proteins and their complexes, which is a grand challenge in computational biology. In this paper we define the workframe of a novel method to calculate structural entropy for protein molecular simulation : SQuE ( Strucutral Quantifier of Entropy). Using a first degree approximation for the probability distribution, we were able to calculate the entropic effects that emerges from a intrinsically disordered (ID) region in UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase (UGDH) protein structure. We were able to quantify the configurational entropy difference in the structured core caused by the truncation of the C-terminal ID-tail, and evaluate the protein conformational changes in the structured domain.