Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
VISITING AND RE-VISITING TOURIST DESTINATION DUBROVNIK

Purpose – According to the researchers there are different factors influence visiting and revisiting tourist destination. The paper present the results of the research referring to the customers satisfaction with the elements of tourist offer, as well as the factors important for the first visit and re-visit to the tourist destination Dubrovnik. The aim of the paper is to explore the customers' satisfaction with components of the tourist destination product and importance of chosen factors during the first visit and re-visit to the tourist destination Dubrovnik. Methodology – For the purpose of this paper the primary research has been carried out in Dubrovnik in 2018. including the sample of 420 tourists. The 25% of tourists have been re-visitors. The questionarre has had three different groups of questions. The first group of questions refered to the sociodemographic characteristics of respondents, the second to the source of information, third group of questions to the customers' satisfaction with elements of tourist offer and the fourth group of questions referred to the factors important for visiting and re-visiting tourist destination Dubrovnik. Findings – According to the data which has been collected in Dubrovnik there is no significant difference in customers' satisfaction level with accomodation facilities during the first visit and revisit. The similar situation is in the area of food and restaurants services, entertainment facilities and excursions, but there is a decreasing satisfaction with transport and shopping. It is also visible that the price of the tourist product is not the important element for first itme visitors and revisitors. Reducing the risk of an unsatisfactory experience is important for the first time visitors, and also for re-visitors to tourist destination Dubrovnik. To experience some aspects which were omitted on a previous visit is especially important for re-visitors. The return visitors have pointed out the importance of achieving some experience in a different/ new way and they have stated it as very high priority element. Contribution – The paper defines new elements important for re-visiting tourist destination Dubrovnik. The results of the primary reseach and provided recommendations based on the results of the research could be used in planning and creating tourist destination offer.
Glucose Uptake by Skeletal Muscle within the Contexts of Type 2 Diabetes and Exercise: An Integrated Approach

Type 2 diabetes continues to negatively impact the health of millions. The inability to respond to insulin to clear blood glucose (insulin resistance) is a key pathogenic driver of the disease. Skeletal muscle is the primary tissue for maintaining glucose homeostasis through glucose uptake via insulin-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Skeletal muscle is also responsive to exercise-meditated glucose transport, and as such, exercise is a cornerstone for glucose management in people with type 2 diabetes. Skeletal muscle glucose uptake requires a concert of events. First, the glucose-rich blood must be transported to the skeletal muscle. Next, the glucose must traverse the endothelium, extracellular matrix, and skeletal muscle membrane. Lastly, intracellular metabolic processes must be activated to maintain the diffusion gradient to facilitate glucose transport into the cell. This review aims to examine the physiology at each of these steps in healthy individuals, analyze the dysregulation affecting these pathways associated with type 2 diabetes, and describe the mechanisms by which exercise acts to increase glucose uptake.
Fully digital smart temperature sensor with quartz tuning fork resonator

In order to measure temperature in high-precision, a high-performance and fully digital smart temperature sensor is designed, which comprises a quartz tuning fork resonator,an interface with Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor(COMS ) and a controlling algorithm for sensor reconfiguration based on the Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA). According to the piezoelectricity effect of a quartz, the thermosensitive cut for the quartz tuning fork resonator and the electrode configuration are analyzed,and the resonant differential equation of the quartz resonator working in a flexural vibrating mode is derived from mechanical vibration. Then,the design principle for the quartz tuning fork temperature sensor is discussed,and the characteristic parameter of temperature sensor is extracted.Finally, the nonlinear error of the sensor is analyzed. The quartz tuning fork resonator is fabricated by a photolithography and an etching technology, in which the frequency output is from the interface IC to FPGA and the special controlling algorithm may easily realize the sensor reconfiguration and the automatic calibration in the field. The experimental result indicates that the sensitivity of this sensor can reach 65×10-6/℃ at the temperature ranges from -20 ℃ to 140 ℃, which guarantees the precision of 0.01 ℃, the resolution of 0.001 ℃, and the response time of 1 s.
Soil microbial biomass and bacterial diversity in Southern European regions vulnerable to desertification

Soil functionality is strongly dependent on the soil microbiota, which in turn is affected by soil quality and climate. Among global change factors, desertification is the most threatening ecosystem change affecting southern Europe, but the effects on the soil microbiota are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated soil microbial biomass and bacterial diversity in regions of southern European countries (Spain, Portugal and Italy), most under desertification risk, and related to key soil chemical-physical indicators and land use. Soil microbial biomass was positively related, to soil organic carbon (SOC) but bacterial diversity was negatively correlated with it. pH was the most influencing factor affecting soil alpha-diversity, while SOC, pH and cation exchange capacity drive the biogeographic patterns of bacterial communities. 16S metagenomics allowed the identification of a core microbiota of the analyzed semi-arid soils, including Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and Firmicutes. We identified, at regional scale, a few rare multi-extremophilic endemic genera, which could reveal functional strategies to be exploited for arid land restoration. This work creates the baseline for the necessary monitoring of soils facing climate change and for the evaluation of the efficacy of adaptation measures in semi-arid European soils.
Exploring COVID-19 in mainland China during the lockdown of Wuhan via functional data analysis

In this paper, we analyze the time series data of the case and death counts of COVID-19 that broke out in China in December, 2019. The study period is during the lockdown of Wuhan. We exploit functional data analysis methods to analyze the collected time series data. The analysis is divided into three parts. First, the functional principal component analysis is conducted to investigate the modes of variation. Second, we carry out the functional canonical correlation analysis to explore the relationship between confirmed and death cases. Finally, we utilize a clustering method based on the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm to run the cluster analysis on the counts of confirmed cases, where the number of clusters is determined via a cross-validation approach. Besides, we compare the clustering results with some migration data available to the public.
Male Infertility and Oxidative Stress: A Focus on the Underlying Mechanisms

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in defining the functional competence of human spermatozoa. When generated in moderate amounts, ROS promote sperm capacitation by facilitating cholesterol efflux from the plasma membrane, enhancing cAMP generation, inducing cytoplasmic alkalinization, increasing intracellular calcium levels, and stimulating the protein phosphorylation events that drive the attainment of a capacitated state. However, when ROS generation is excessive and/or the antioxidant defences of the reproductive system are compromised, a state of oxidative stress may be induced that disrupts the fertilizing capacity of the spermatozoa and the structural integrity of their DNA. This article focusses on the sources of ROS within this system and examines the circumstances under which the adequacy of antioxidant protection might become a limiting factor. Seminal leukocyte contamination can contribute to oxidative stress in the ejaculate while, in the germ line, the dysregulation of electron transport in the sperm mitochondria, elevated NADPH oxidase activity, or the excessive stimulation of amino acid oxidase action are all potential contributors to oxidative stress. A knowledge of the mechanisms responsible for creating such stress within the human ejaculate is essential in order to develop better antioxidant strategies that avoid the unintentional creation of its reductive counterpart.
Differential price strategies between remanufactured products with refurbished products based on heterogeneous demands

Aiming at the heterogeneous demands environment with new,remanufactured and refurbished products,the forming conditions and corresponding demand functions of various market situations were analyzed,and onephase static and two-phase dynamic differential pricing strategies were discussed.In one-phase static optimal decisions,the differential pricing models of various production modes were established to find the corresponding optimal pricing strategies,and the market runs of remanufactured and refurbished products were analyzed.The research results stated that when the manufacturer produced three kinds of products,the remanufactured products would generate the market run of new and refurbished products,while maintain market stability and promote the increase in profits;the refurbished products would not generate market runs for new products,but do it for remanufactured products,while make the whole market growing and profit increasing.During two-phase dynamic pricing decisions,the remanufactured and refurbished products not only generated market runs for the new products of second phase,but also led to the new products sales grow in first phase,and the total profits was increasing with the return rate.
Impaired hatching exacerbates the high CO2 sensitivity of embryonic sand lance Ammodytes dubius

: Rising oceanic partial pressure of CO 2 (pCO 2 ) could affect many traits in fish early life stages, but only few species to date have shown direct CO 2 -induced survival reductions. This might partly be because species from less CO 2 -variable, offshore environments in higher lati-tudes are currently underrepresented in the literature. We conducted new experimental work on northern sand lance Ammodytes dubius , a key forage fish on offshore Northwest Atlantic sand banks, which was recently suggested to be highly CO 2 -sensitive. In 2 complementary trials, we produced embryos from wild, Gulf of Maine spawners and reared them at several pCO 2 levels (~400−2000 μatm) in combination with static (6, 7, 10°C) and dynamic (10 → 5°C) temperature treatments. Again, we consistently observed large, CO 2 -induced reductions in hatching success (−23% at 1000 μatm, −61% at ~2000 μatm), and the effects were temperature-independent. To distinguish pCO 2 effects during development from potential impacts on hatching itself, some em bryos were switched between high and control pCO 2 treatments just prior to hatch. This indeed altered hatching patterns, consistent with the CO 2 -impaired hatching hypothesis. High CO 2 also delayed the day of first hatch in one trial and peak hatch in the other, where later-hatched larvae were of similar size but with progressively less endogenous energy reserves. For context, we extracted seasonal pCO 2 projections for Stellwagen Bank (Gulf of Maine) from regional ensemble simulations, which indicated a CO 2 -induced reduction in sand lance hatching success to 71% of contemporary levels by 2100. The species’ unusual CO 2 sensitivity has large ecological and scientific ramifications that warrant future in-depth research.
Value of immunohistochemical IMP3 expression with endoscopic ultrasound-guided-fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) in diagnosing pancreatic lesions: Review Article

Pancreatic cancer (PC), a lethal condition with a poor prognosis, ranks fourth among the most common causes of cancer-related mortality as early diagnosis of PC is so tricky. Consequently, most cases at the time of initial diagnosis already harbor metastasis. PC cases' early detection and survival depend mainly on improving diagnostic approaches. This review sheds light on the role of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) as a minimally invasive method in early PC diagnosis and differentiation African journal of gastroenterology and hepatology Rashed H et al.2022 2 Review Article between different pancreatic lesions. The discovery of new diagnostic and prognostic markers for PC will raise the accuracy of proper diagnosis, and in turn, patients will gain better survival and prognosis. Insulin-like growth factor II mRNA binding protein3 (IMP3) is overexpressed in several malignant tumors, including pancreatic cancer, which may raise its role in diagnosis and prognosis as well as its therapeutic benefit for PC.
Hearing Loss and Cognitive Function: Baseline Findings From the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health: ELSA-Brasil

Objective: Hearing loss (HL) has been associated with cognitive impairment in high-income countries. However, no study has investigated this association in low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the association between cognitive function and HL in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health. Design: Cross-sectional analysis of Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) with 802 individuals (35–74 years old). Hearing was measured using pure-tone audiometry. A pure-tone average (s) of thresholds at 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz was calculated. HL was defined as a PTA above 25 dB in the better ear or either ear, as a categorical variable. Cognitive performance was measured using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease word list memory test, the semantic and phonemic verbal fluency (VF) tests, and the Trail Making test version B. To investigate the association between cognitive performance and HL, we used linear regression models adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical variables. Results: Of the total of participants, 7.6% had HL. After adjustment for sociodemographic and health confounding variables, only VF was associated with HL; a 10 dB increase in the PTA in the better ear was associated with worse performance in the phonemic VF test (β = −0.115 [95% CI, −0.203 to −0.027], p = 0.01). We found a significant interaction between HL and age in the VF domain (p = 0.01). HL was related to poor VF performance among older adults only. Conclusion: In a community-dwelling sample of most middle-aged adults, objectively measured HL was associated with lower VF. These results should be evaluated with caution, given the likelihood of residual confounding and the fact that only VF showed an association with HL.
Optimization of University Department Management: The Increase of Foreign Language Teachers’ Self-Efficacy by Preventing Job Burnout

Th e paper aims to present theoretical and empirical research on investigating the optimization of university department management by preventing job burnout in university teaching staﬀ which resulted in increasing their self-eﬃ cacy. Th e research sample was selected with the use of a non-random sampling technique. All foreign languages teachers invited agreed to take part in the study. To collect the empirical data from 205 foreign languages teachers a mixed methods approach was applied. Th e quantitative data were collected using the questionnaire on general self-eﬃ cacy created by R. Schwarzer and M. Jerusalem (1995) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (1996). Th e qualitative methods included observations and interviews. Th e obtained data were then analysed by means of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS soft ware). Th e authors theoretically substantiated and practically demonstrated the eﬃ ciency of the proposed programme aimed at optimizing university department management by preventing job burnout in foreign language teachers.
Assessment of Epidemic and Pandemic Events Preparedness in Ministry of Health Hospitals, Jazan, Saudi Arabia, 2021: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Hospital preparedness planning for natural and man-made disasters has become the pressing necessity of hospitals being the principal habitat of disaster victims. One of the most critical areas of consideration is hospital preparedness for epidemic and pandemic events. Objectives: To assess concerns, perceived impacts and preparedness of health care workers for epidemic and pandemic events in Ministry of Health (MOH) hospitals, Jazan, 2021. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from May 1st, to August 31st, 2021 in three Ministry of Health hospitals in Jazan city. All health care workers (HCWs) working at the three hospitals were eligible to participate if they were direct clinical care providers. A valid questionnaire consisting of five parts was used; including demographic data, work-related concerns of health care workers, non-work related concerns of health care workers, perceived impact of health care workers on personal life and work and preparedness of health care workers for epidemic and pandemic events. Results: The study included 307 healthcare workers. The age of 39.7% of them ranged between 31 and 40 years. Almost two-thirds (62.2%) were males. The total score of work-related concern of COVID-19 among the participants ranged between 7 and 28, out of a possible maximum of 35, with a median (IQR) of 18 (15-22). HCWs in the age group 31-40 years, master holders, and doctors expressed the highest concerns score. The total score of non-work-related concern of COVID-19 ranged between 7 and 35, out of a possible maximum of 35, with a median (“interquartile range “IQR”) of 28 (22-28). HCWs who hold a master degree and doctors expressed the highest concerns. The total score of perceived impact on personal life and work health professionals ranged between 6 and 44, out of a possible maximum of 50, with a median (IQR) of 25 (21-30). HCWs in the age group 31-40, and Master holders had the highest score. The total score of preparedness for Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic ranged between 15 and 75, out of a possible maximum of 75, with a median (IQR) of 56 (48- 61). The highest score was observed among HCWs aged over 50 years. Conclusion: Some work-related and non-work-related concerns of HCWs in Jazan regarding COVID-19 pandemic have been identified. Also, perceived impact of the pandemic on HCWs` work and professional life has been documented. Their preparedness as well as that of the health care system to the COVID-19 pandemic was satisfactory in most aspects. Key words: COVID-19, concerns, preparedness, healthcare workers, Saudi Arabia
Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitors as Targeted Cancer Therapy and Strategies to Overcome Drug Resistance

Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is a highly conserved pathway that plays a vital role during embryonic development. Recently, uncontrolled activation of this pathway has been demonstrated in various types of cancer. Therefore, Hh pathway inhibitors have emerged as an important class of anti-cancer agents. Unfortunately, however, their reputation has been tarnished by the emergence of resistance during therapy, necessitating clarification of mechanisms underlying the drug resistance. In this review, we briefly overview canonical and non-canonical Hh pathways and their inhibitors as targeted cancer therapy. In addition, we summarize the mechanisms of resistance to Smoothened (SMO) inhibitors, including point mutations of the drug binding pocket or downstream molecules of SMO, and non-canonical mechanisms to reinforce Hh pathway output. A distinct mechanism involving loss of primary cilia is also described to maintain GLI activity in resistant tumors. Finally, we address the main strategies to circumvent the drug resistance. These strategies include the development of novel and potent inhibitors targeting different components of the canonical Hh pathway or signaling molecules of the non-canonical pathway. Further studies are necessary to avoid emerging resistance to Hh inhibitors and establish an optimal customized regimen with improved therapeutic efficacy to treat various types of cancer, including basal cell carcinoma.
Concurrent Identification and Characterization of Protein Structure and Continuous Internal Dynamics with REDCRAFT

Internal dynamics of proteins can play a critical role in the biological function of some proteins. Several well documented instances have been reported such as MBP, DHFR, hTS, DGCR8, and NSP1 of the SARS-CoV family of viruses. Despite the importance of internal dynamics of proteins, there currently are very few approaches that allow for meaningful separation of internal dynamics from structural aspects using experimental data. Here we present a computational approach named REDCRAFT that allows for concurrent characterization of protein structure and dynamics. Here, we have subjected DHFR (PDB-ID 1RX2), a 159-residue protein, to a fictitious, mixed mode model of internal dynamics. In this simulation, DHFR was segmented into 7 regions where 4 of the fragments were fixed with respect to each other, two regions underwent rigid-body dynamics, and one region experienced uncorrelated and melting event. The two dynamical and rigid-body segments experienced an average orientational modification of 7° and 12° respectively. Observable RDC data for backbone C′-N, N-HN, and C′-HN were generated from 102 uniformly sampled frames that described the molecular trajectory. The structure calculation of DHFR with REDCRAFT by using traditional Ramachandran restraint produced a structure with 29 Å of structural difference measured over the backbone atoms (bb-rmsd) over the entire length of the protein and an average bb-rmsd of more than 4.7 Å over each of the dynamical fragments. The same exercise repeated with context-specific dihedral restraints generated by PDBMine produced a structure with bb-rmsd of 21 Å over the entire length of the protein but with bb-rmsd of less than 3 Å over each of the fragments. Finally, utilization of the Dynamic Profile generated by REDCRAFT allowed for the identification of different dynamical regions of the protein and the recovery of individual fragments with bb-rmsd of less than 1 Å. Following the recovery of the fragments, our assembly procedure of domains (larger segments consisting of multiple fragments with a common dynamical profile) correctly assembled the four fragments that are rigid with respect to each other, categorized the two domains that underwent rigid-body dynamics, and identified one dynamical region for which no conserved structure could be defined. In conclusion, our approach was successful in identifying the dynamical domains, recovery of structure where it is meaningful, and relative assembly of the domains when possible.