Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NUMERICAL APPROACH TO MODEL HEAT TRANSFER IN POLYMER MELTS FLOWING IN CONSTRICTED CHANNELS

A numerical approach is developed to study the thermal transport in polymer melts flowing through narrow channels with contraction. Attention is focused on the flow and heat transfer of practical polymer melts used in plastic industries, such as low-density polyethylene (LDPE), which cannot be regarded as Newtonian in their behavior. The rheological model used in this study is based on a power law variation of viscosity with shear rate, along with temperature and pressure dependent viscosity. The flow and heat transfer, which are strongly coupled through the temperature dependence of the viscosity, are solved by using a finite volume method with a nonuniform staggered grid system. The results are presented for axisymmetric tubes, which characterize the nozzle for an injection molding machine or the die in plastic extrusion. The effect of heat generation by viscous dissipation is included. The effects of varying the channel contraction ratio and other dimensions, as well as of the mass flow rate, are explo.
Tropospheric Planetary Wave Dynamics and Mixture Modeling: Two Preferred Regimes and a Regime Shift

Investigation of preferred structures of planetary wave dynamics is addressed using multivariate Gaussian mixture models. The number of components in the mixture is obtained using order statistics of the mixing proportions, hence avoiding previous difficulties related to sample sizes and independence issues. The method is first applied to a few low-order stochastic dynamical systems and data from a general circulation model. The method is next applied to winter daily 500-hPa heights from 1949 to 2003 over the Northern Hemisphere. A spatial clustering algorithm is first applied to the leading two principal components (PCs) and shows significant clustering. The clustering is particularly robust for the first half of the record and less for the second half. The mixture model is then used to identify the clusters. Two highly significant extratropical planetary-scale preferred structures are obtained within the first two to four EOF state space. The first pattern shows a Pacific-North American (PNA) pattern and a negative North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and the second pattern is nearly opposite to the first one. It is also observed that some subspaces show multivariate Gaussianity, compatible with linearity, whereas others show multivariate non-Gaussianity. The same analysis is also applied to two subperiods, before and after 1978, and shows a similar regime behavior, with a slight stronger support for the first subperiod. In addition a significant regime shift is also observed between the two periods as well as a change in the shape of the distribution. The patterns associated with the regime shifts reflect essentially a PNA pattern and an NAO pattern consistent with the observed global warming effect on climate and the observed shift in sea surface temperature around the mid-1970s.
Simulation of Force Transmission in Vehicle Steering Systems

This contribution proposes an approach, how the problem of a moving load on an elastic, beam–like body in an elastic MBS can be solved. Thereby a so–called moving interface marker is used. This marker can move along the bending line of the elastic, beam–like body and locates the point where the moving load is applied. With its help, the moving load can be transformed to forces and torques that have to be applied at the adjoining body–fixed interface markers. These calculated forces and torques lead to an identical deformation of the beam. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Impact of Antenatal Care on Perinatal Outcomes in New South Wales, Australia: A Decade-Long Regional Perspective

Low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth are adverse perinatal outcomes that pose a significant risk to a child’s healthy beginning. While antenatal care (ANC) is an established intervention for pregnancy care, little is understood about how the number and timing of ANC visits can impact these adverse health outcomes. This study aimed to examine the impact of the number and timing of ANC visits on LBW and preterm birth in a regional setting. A decade-long perinatal dataset related to singleton live births that took place in the Southern New South Wales Local Health District (SNSWLHD) was utilized. The outcomes of interest were LBW and preterm birth, and the exposure variables were based on the Australian pregnancy guidelines on the number and timing of ANC visits. A multivariable logistic regression was performed to measure the association between outcome and exposure while adjusting for potential confounders. A greater level of protection against LBW and preterm birth was observed among mothers who had an adequate number of visits, with early entry (first trimester) into ANC. The protective effect of an adequate number of ANC visits against LBW and preterm birth among mothers with late entry into ANC (third trimester) was found to be statistically non-significant.
Different Faces of Minipuberty in Preterm Twin Girls: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Minipuberty (MP) consists of a postnatal activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, which occurs physiologically during the first months of life. In preterm infants, MP might lead to stronger hormonal stimulation, but specific literature is still scarce. We present the case of a pair of monochorionic diamniotic twin girls, born at 31 weeks of gestation and adequate for gestational age (AGA). At one month old, one of the twins presented with severe edema in the vulva and swelling of the major and minor labia. Laboratory evaluations highlighted increased LH, FSH and estradiol serum concentration. Pelvic ultrasonography and MRI showed a pubertal pattern. Brain imaging was unremarkable. During the one-year follow-up, a decreasing trend of hormonal levels was detected, together with the spontaneous regression of clinical and sonographic pubertal signs. The same hormonal workup was also performed on the other twin, who displayed mildly elevated gonadotropins and estradiol, without evidence of pubertal clinical signs. This case suggests that the amplitude of postnatal HPG activation might be exacerbated in preterm infants, with evidence of puberty changes in clinical, laboratory and sonography data. The spontaneous resolution, together with the exclusion of other causes of precocious puberty, is suggestive for MP of infancy.
Elastic interaction between a screw dislocation dipole and a surface crack

Based on the result of Juang and Lee [J. Appl. Phys. 59, 3421 (1986)], we investigated the elastic interaction between a screw dislocation dipole and a surface crack. In addition to the image force, the image torque on the dipole is also significant. Under the action of an applied stress, the dipole is mechanically polarized with an orientation that depends on its location. The flipping energy of the dipole is also discussed. The mechanical equilibrium positions of the dipole are examined, and the regions containing these points can form a plastic zone by collecting other dipoles. The criterion of the stress intensity factor for generating dipoles is identified. In addition, a comparison between monopole and dipole interactions with a surface crack has been accomplished. Finally, this solution can be reduced to three special cases.
A single-frame terahertz image super-resolution reconstruction method based on sparse representation theory

Terrorist attacks make the public safety issue becoming the focus of national attention. Passive terahertz security instrument can help overcomesome shortcomings with current security instruments. Terahertz wave has a strong penetrating power which can pass through clothes without harming human bodies and detected objects. However, in the lab experiments, we found that original terahertz imagesobtained by passive terahertz technique were often too vague to detect the objects of interest. Prior studies suggest that learning-based image super-resolution reconstruction(SRR) method can solve this problem. To our knowledge, we applied the learning-based image SRR method for the first time in single-frame passive terahertz image processing. Experimental results showed that the processed passive terahertz images wereclearer and easier to identify suspicious objects than the original images. We also compare our method with three conventional methods and our method show greater advantage over the other methods.
Search for magnetic fields in normal upper--main-sequence stars

A search has been carried out for magnetic fields of the order for 10/sup 2/ gauss in 31 normal O9.5--F6 upper--main-sequence stars and 5 Am stars by measuring the circular polarization of the wings of single spectral lines of hydrogen, helium, or iron with a Cassegrain filter polarimeter or with a coude line-profile scanner polarimeter. The reduction formula used to infer longitudinal magnetic fields from such polarization measurements is discussed, and is shown in a simple analytical approximation to be essentially unaffected by a nonuniform magnetic field distribution and by instrumental broadening, although it is sensitive to rotational broading. Simple expressions are found for estimating the time required to obtain a magnetic field measurement of specified accuracy for a particular star with a particular Zeeman analyzer, and for estimating the measurement accuracy available from a photographic magnetic measurement on a plate of given dispersion and widening. These expression are used to select the best helium and metal lines for single-line magnetic measurements of upper--main-sequence stars. Measurements of the magnetic field of . cap alpha. /sup 2/CVn, 78 Vir, and . beta. CrB using lines of Fe/sup +/ are shown to be in resonable agreement with Balmer-line measurements in spite of a simplified measuringmore » procedure and approximate reduction scheme. « less
Hubungan Interaksi Obat Antibiotik dengan Length of Stay Pasien Pneumonia di Rumah Sakit “X” Ponorogo

Pneumonia adalah penyakit infeksi pada saluran pernapasan bagian bawah yang merupakan penyebab kematian terbanyak di negara-negara berkembang. Prevalensi penyakit pneumonia di Indonesia tahun 2018 sebanyak 1.017. 290 jiwa. Pengobatan pneumonia terdiri dari kombinasi antibiotik dan atau terapi suportif yang apabila digunakan secara bersamaan akan berpotensi terjadinya interaksi obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi interaksi obat antibiotik dalam pengobatan pasien pneumonia dan menganalisis hubungannya dengan Length of Stay (LOS). Penelitian menggunakan metode cross-sectional dengan rancangan deskriptif dan data diambil secara retrospektif. Analisis data secara deskriptif menggunakan aplikasi Lexicomp Reference, Medscape Reference dan buku Stokley’s Drug Interaction serta analisis dengan metode Chi-Square untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kejadian interaksi obat dengan LOS. Dari total 73 sampel pada periode Januari- Desember tahun 2021 menunjukkan karakteristik pasien didominasi oleh laki- laki sebesar 43 pasien (58,9%), usia diatas 46 tahun sebanyak 56,2%. Penggunaan antibiotik tunggal terbanyak adalah levofloxacin sebesar 50,8% dan antibiotik kombinasi azithromycin+ levofloxacin sebesar 43,5%. Interaksi obat ditemukan pada 54 pasien dengan mekanisme interaksi farmakodinamik, farmakokinetik dan mekanisme tidak diketahui masing-masing sebesar 72,5%, 18,1%, dan 9,3%. Interaksi berdasarkan tingkat keparahan minor, moderate dan major masing-masing sebesar 5,2%, 74,3%, dan 20,5%. Potensi interaksi obat antibiotik tidak memiliki hubungan dengan lama rawat inap pasien (nilai signifikansi >0,05).
Trajectories of 24-Hour Physical Activity Distribution and Relationship with Dyslipidemia

The association between physical activity (PA) and dyslipidemia is well known, but the relationship between a temporal pattern of PA and dyslipidemia remain unknown. Here, we aimed to identify the intensity and temporal patterns of PA clustered by the trajectory model and their relationship with dyslipidemia. The participants were 701 adults (305 males) aged 18–60 years undergoing continuous measurement of PA with Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometers for at least 3 days. A trajectory analysis was applied based on moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) accumulated values over every period per day. The association between PA and dyslipidemia was estimated using a logistic regression model. Four distinct PA trajectory groups in the population were identified (continued low, stable and moderate, late increasing, and early increasing). Specifically, the “moderate and stable group” was associated with a decreased rate of high TG (p < 0.05) and the “moderate and stable group” and “late increasing group” were associated with decreased rates of low HDL-C (p < 0.05). In conclusion, there were four activity trajectory groups in this population and the continued low PA trajectory was associated with a high prevalent rate of an abnormal lipid profile, and continued and moderate activity or late afternoon increasing activity might have lower HDL-C distribution.
Direct Mechanical Thrombectomy Versus Prior Bridging Intravenous Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: The current guideline recommends using an intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator (IV tPA) prior to mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in eligible acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO). Some recent studies found no significant differences in the long-term functional outcomes between bridging therapy (BT, i.e., IV tPA prior to MT) and direct MT (dMT). Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the safety and functional outcomes between BT and dMT in AIS patients with ELVO who were eligible for IV tPA administration. Based on the ELVO location, patients were categorized as the anterior group (occlusion of the anterior circulation), or the combined group (occlusion of the anterior and/or posterior circulation). A subgroup analysis was performed based on the study type, i.e., RCT and non-RCT. Results: Thirteen studies (3985 patients) matched the eligibility criteria. Comparing the BT and dMT groups, no significant differences in terms of mortality and good functional outcome were observed at 90 days. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhagic (sICH) events were more frequent in BT patients in the combined group (OR = 0.73, p = 0.02); this result remained significant only in the non-RCT subgroup (OR = 0.67, p = 0.03). The RCT subgroup had a significantly higher rate of successful revascularization in BT patients (OR = 0.73, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Our meta-analysis uncovered no significant differences in functional outcome and mortality rate at 90 days between dMT and BT in patients with AIS who had ELVO. Although BT performed better in terms of successful recanalization rate, there is a risk of increased sICH rate in this group.
Observation of dark edge states in parity-time-symmetric quantum dynamics

ABSTRACT Topological edge states arise in non-Hermitian parity-time (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} }{}$\mathcal {PT}$\end{document})-symmetric systems, and manifest themselves as bright or dark edge states, depending on the imaginary components of their eigenenergies. As the spatial probabilities of dark edge states are suppressed during the non-unitary dynamics, it is a challenge to observe them experimentally. Here we report the experimental detection of dark edge states in photonic quantum walks with spontaneously broken \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} }{}$\mathcal {PT}$\end{document} symmetry, thus providing a complete description of the topological phenomena therein. We experimentally confirm that the global Berry phase in \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} }{}$\mathcal {PT}$\end{document}-symmetric quantum-walk dynamics unambiguously defines topological invariants of the system in both the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} }{}$\mathcal {PT}$\end{document}-symmetry-unbroken and -broken regimes. Our results establish a unified framework for characterizing topology in \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} }{}$\mathcal {PT}$\end{document}-symmetric quantum-walk dynamics, and provide a useful method to observe topological phenomena in \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} }{}$\mathcal {PT}$\end{document}-symmetric non-Hermitian systems in general.
Shock Structure in a Simple Discrete Velocity Gas

The structure of a shock wave in a simple discrete velocity gas—a gas in which the molecules move with a finite set of velocities—is discussed. The Boltzmann equation becomes, for this gas, a set of coupled differential equations which, in the present example, can be solved exactly. The solution describes an infinite Mach number shock in a gas consisting of hard elastic spheres. Although only six molecular velocities are considered, and the solution is easy to obtain, it compares remarkably well with those of other investigators.
A systematic mapping study of software performance research

Context: Software performance is crucial for ensuring the quality of software products. As one of the non‐functional requirements, the few efforts devoted to software performance have often been neglected until a later phase in the software development life cycle (SDLC). The lack of clarity of what software performance research literature is available prevents researchers from understanding what software performance research fields are available. It also creates difficulty for practitioners to adopt state‐of‐the‐art software performance techniques. Software performance research is not as organized as other established research topics such as software testing. Thus, it is essential to conduct a systematic mapping study as a first step to provide an overview of the latest research literature available in software performance. Objective: The objective of this systematic mapping study is to survey and map software performance research literature into suitable categories and to synthesize the literature data for future access and reference. Method: This systematic mapping study conducts a manual examination by querying research literature in noble journals and proceedings in software engineering in the past decade. We examine each paper manually and identify primary studies for further analysis and synthesis according to the pre‐defined inclusion criteria. Lastly, we map the primary studies based on their corresponding classification category. Results: This systematic mapping study provides a state‐of‐the‐art literature mapping in software performance research. We have carefully examined 222 primary studies out of 2000+ research literature. We have identified six software performance research categories and 15 subcategories. We generate the primary study mapping and report five research findings. Conclusions: Unlike established research fields, it is unclear what types of software performance research categories are available to the community. This work takes the systematic mapping study approach to survey and map the latest software performance research literature. The study results provide an overview of the paper distribution and a reference for researchers to navigate research literature on software performance.
Neural Network Model-Predictive Control for CHB Converters With FPGA Implementation

Finite control set model-predictive control appears an interesting and effective control technique for cascaded H-bridge converters but, because of its computational complexity, becomes impractical when the number of levels of the converter increases. This article proposes a neural-network-based approach capable of overcoming the computational burden of conventional predictive control algorithms. The proposed control is, then, applied to a cascaded H-bridge static synchronous compensator using a field-programmable gate array and tested via hardware in the loop. Results and analysis demonstrate that the optimal control of multilevel converters with many levels can be obtained with low computational effort.
Geochemical Responses to Natural and Anthropogenic Settings in Salt Lakes Sediments from North-Eastern Romanian Plain

Chemical analysis was performed on sediment core samples collected from three salt lakes, Amara Lake, Caineni Lake, and Movila Miresii Lake, located in the northeast of the Romanian Plain. The concentration of 10 main elements, 6 heavy metals (HMs), 8 rare earth elements (REEs), and 10 trace elements (TEs)—determined using neutron activation analysis (NAA)—showed variability dependent on the depth sections, lake genesis and geochemical characteristics (oxbow, fluvial harbor/liman and loess saucer type). The assessment of pollution indices (contamination factor, pollution load index, geoaccumulation index, and enrichment factor) highlighted low and moderate degrees of contamination for most of the investigated elements. Principal component analysis (PCA) extracted three principal components, explaining 70.33% (Amara Lake), 79.92% (Caineni Lake), and 71.42% (Movila Miresii Lake) of the observed variability. The principal components extracted were assigned to pedological contribution (37.42%—Amara Lake, 55.88%—Caineni Lake, and 15.31%—Movila Miresii Lake), salts depositions (due to the lack of a constant supply of freshwater and through evaporation during dry periods), atmospheric deposition (19.19%—Amara Lake, 13.80%—Caineni Lake, and 10.80%—Movila Miresii Lake), leaching from soil surface/denudation, rock weathering, and mixed anthropogenic input (e.g., agricultural runoff, wastewater discharges) (13.72%—Amara Lake, 10.24%—Caineni Lake, and 45.31%—Movila Miresii Lake).
The thermodynamic characteristics of systems governing by the weighted sum of nonlinear pairwise interactions

In this report we summarize the results in the application of the Direct Lyapunov method to the generalized replicator systems with the weighted sum of nonlinear pairwise interactions. These complex systems define the properties of a system composed of objects that are coupled via nonlinear pairwise interactions. It is shown that there exist two types of thermodynamic Lyapunov functions: fitness-like and entropy-like. As an example it will be established that practically all known thermodynamic characteristics may be obtained from entropy-like Lyapunov functions for replicator systems. “The positive time direction is associated with the increase of entropy. Let us