Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Cerebral Blood Flow with Emphasis on Age and Environment

Controversy exists regarding the effect of high altitude exposure on cerebrovascular CO2 reactivity (CVR). Confounding factors in previous studies include the use of different experimental approaches, ascent profiles, duration and severity of exposure and plausibly environmental factors associated with altitude exposure. One aim of the present study was to determine CVR throughout acclimatization to high altitude when controlling for these. Middle cerebral artery mean velocity (MCAvmean) CVR was assessed during hyperventilation (hypocapnia) and CO2 administration (hypercapnia) with background normoxia [sea-level (SL)] and hypoxia (3 454 m) in nine healthy volunteers [26±4years (mean±SD)] at SL, and after 30 min (HA0), 3 (HA3) and 22 (HA22) days of high altitude (3 454 m) exposure. At altitude, ventilation was increased whereas MCAvmean was not altered. Hypercapnic CVR was decreased at HA0 (1.16±0.16%/mmHg, mean±SEM) whereas both hyperand hypocapnic CVR were increased at HA3 (3.13±0.18 and 2.96±0.10%/mmHg) and HA22 (3.32±0.12 and 3.24±0.14%/mmHg) compared with SL (1.98±0.22 and 2.38±0.10%/mmHg) (p<0.01) regardless of background oxygenation. Cerebrovascular conductance (MCAvmean/mean arterial pressure) CVR was determined to account for blood pressure changes and revealed an attenuated response. Collectively our results demonstrate that hypocapnic and hypercapnic CVR are both elevated with acclimatization to high altitude.
A Labeled Architecture for Low-Entropy Clouds: Theory, Practice, and Lessons

Resource efficiency and quality of service (QoS) are both long-pursuit goals for cloud providers over the last decade. However, hardly any cloud platform can exactly achieve them perfectly even until today. Improving resource efficiency or resource utilization often could cause complicated resource contention between colocated cloud applications on different resources, spanning from the underlying hardware to the software stack, leading to unexpected performance degradation. The low-entropy cloud proposes a new software-hardware codesigned technology stack to holistically curb performance interference from the bottom up and obtain both high resource efficiency and high quality of application performance. In this paper, we introduce a new computer architecture for the low-entropy cloud stack, called labeled von Neumann architecture (LvNA), which incorporates a set of label-powered control mechanisms to enable shared components and resources on chip to differentiate, isolate, and prioritize user-defined application requests when competing for hardware resource. With the power of these mechanisms, LvNA was able to protect the performance of certain applications, such as latency-critical applications, from disorderly resource contention while improving resource utilization. We further build and tapeout Beihai, a 1.2 GHz 8-core RISC-V processor based on the LvNA architecture. The evaluation results show that Beihai could drastically reduce the performance degradation caused by memory bandwidth contention from 82.8% to 0.4%. When improving the CPU utilization over 70%, Beihai could reduce the 99th tail latency of Redis from 115 ms to 18.1 ms. Furthermore, Beihai can realize hardware virtualization, which boots up two unmodified virtual machines concurrently without the intervention of any software hypervisor.
Correlation between serum myeloperoxidase with the severity of heart failure in children

Heart failure in children is a global major health problem. Inflammation is an important role in pathophysiology of heart failure. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) included to the inflammation cascade. The objective was to analyze correlation between MPO with severity of heart failure in children. Observational analytic with cross sectional study was conducted on children aged 1 month-18 years with an acyanotic CHD with or without heart failure at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. Bivariate analysis used Mann Whitney test. Multivariate analysis used Kruskal Wallis. Correlation test used Spearman’s test with significance value was p<0.05. A total of 21 subjects, median age was 93 months old. The most common type of acyanotic CHD was VSD. Moderate heart failure was in 28% of subjects, 48% of subjects were mild heart failure. Median value of serum MPO levels in acyanotic CHD with heart failure was 36.25 (7.3-390) pg/ml. There was no differences in the value of serum MPO level in children with acyanotic CHD distinguished by the severity of heart failure (p=0.62). There was no correlation between serum MPO levels with the severity of heart failure in children (p=0.89). We concluded no correlation between serum MPO levels with the severity of heart failure in children.
Multiple Omics Analysis of the Rac3 Roles in Different Types of Human Cancer

Rac Family Small GTPase 3 (Rac3) is a member of the Rho family of small GTP-binding proteins which play critical roles in the occurrence, progression, and metastasis of various tumors. Nevertheless, previous studies have focused on a single type of human cancer, so that the roles of Rac3 in different cancer types have not been sufficiently clarified. With the progress of biological detection and bioinformatics technology, the emerging cancer genomics databases make it possible to perform a pan-cancer analysis. Therefore, for the first time, we performed multiple omics analysis to investigate the roles of Rac3 in differential expression, survival prognosis, mutative status, DNA methylation, functions, immune infiltration, and immunotherapy across 33 human cancer types. We found that Rac3 expression was abnormal in 17 cancer types and significantly different in both molecular and immune subtypes of 10 cancers (p<0.05). These Rac3 expression dysregulations in cancer tissues significantly affected their corresponding survival prognosis. Our results also indicated that genetic alterations of Rac3 occurred in 27 cancer types and were significantly associated with prognosis. Moreover, methylation of Rac3 was associated with dysfunctional T-cell phenotypes and affected the prognosis of the brain, melanoma, and breast tumors, and Rac3 Copy Number Alterations (CNA) might affect the infiltration levels of different immune cells in nine cancers. Rac3 and Rac3-related genes were enriched in the axon guidance, actin cytoskeleton regulation, and neurotrophin signaling pathway, and involved the regulation of cellular localization and actin cytoskeleton organization, and small GTPase mediated signal transduction. Then, we further explored the correlations between Rac3 expression and 25 immune cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts across 33 human cancers. Furthermore, we found that Rac3 achieved higher predictive power (AUC>0.5) than three standardized biomarkers of tumor immune responses and was associated with cytotoxic T-cell levels (CTLs) and the risk of immunotherapeutic responses in three cancer types. Collectively, our study contributes to a comprehensive and integrative understanding of the oncogenic roles of Rac3 across human cancers and offers a new clue for treatment strategies.
Simulation of Non-Linear Transonic Aeroelastic Behavior on the B-2

At high subsonic flight speeds, large flexible aircraft begin to encounter unsteady airloads which are not predicted by most currently available aerodynamic analysis and design methods. With increasing speed and the development of transonic flow and shocks, viscous effects quickly become very important, and flow separation can occur. The Northrop Grumman USAF B-2 Bomber encountered a nonlinear aeroelastic Residual Pitch Oscillation (RPO) under these conditions. Simulation studies were performed with the Computational Aeroelasticity Program-Transonic Small Disturbance, Viscous (CAPTSDv) computer program to evaluate its ability to predict these nonlinear aeroelastic responses. Open and closed loop simulations were performed to assess the participation of the flight control system. Control, system actuator hysteresis characteristics were modeled and found to be a significant participant in the RPO phenomenon. Simulations were also performed for varying Mach numbers and altitudes to establish the stability boundaries and compare with flight test data. These CAPTSDv simulations compared well with flight data and revealed many potential further modeling enhancements.
Analysis of Leaky Wave Antennas Using the Matrix Pencil Method

The leaky-wave antenna (LWA) is a traveling wave antenna that uses a fast wave as the main radiating mechanism, where the fast wave is radiating continuously along the structure. Depending on the length of the antenna, some part of the fast wave gets reflected from the end and causes another beam in the opposite direction. The effects of the reflected fast wave on the radiation pattern can be analyzed if the reflection coefficient at the end of the antenna is known, which can be obtained from the complex amplitude and propagation constants associated with the fast waves. Even the radiation pattern of a LWA can be obtained using the reflection coefficient and propagation constants. Closed top guiding structures, a dielectric slab waveguide, 2-D LWAs and 3-D LWAs are modeled in a commercial full wave MoM solver, FEKO. The near-field samples are calculated along the structure. For these types of structures, the total near field can be expressed as a sum of complex exponentials. The matrix pencil method (MPM) is a most accurate and efficient linear technique to approximate a function by a sum of complex exponentials. The exponential components from the total near field use the complex propagation constants inside the structure, which are calculated using the MPM. The MPM extracted amplitude and phase components are used to calculate the reflection coefficients of the structures and radiation patterns of the LWAs. The accuracy of this approach is verified using various open and closed guiding structures in 2-D and 3-D, and by comparing the results with available numerical and experimental results.
On the Design of IDEA-128

This paper describes five hypothetical realizations of IDEA-128, a 128-bit block cipher, using a 256-bit key, iterating 16.5 rounds, and operating on 32-bit words. These parameters are exactly double the size of the IDEA block cipher’s. These IDEA-128 variants differ only in the multiplicative group structure: Z∗232 , Z∗232+1, GF(232), Z∗232−1, or GF(232 + 15). All of these designs have weaknesses related to the structure of these multiplicative groups, which lead to decryption failures or cryptanalytic attacks. The overall conclusion is that none of these variants constitute a secure cipher, and thus, help corroborate the design of the MESH ciphers, which operate on 16-bit words and use the same operations of IDEA, but allows text blocks larger than 64 bits, without compromising security.
Smoothed Particle Magnetohydrodynamics Simulations of Protostellar Jets and Turbulent Dynamos

We presents results from Smoothed Particle Magnetohydrodynamics simulations of collapsing molecular cloud cores, and dynamo amplification of the magnetic field in the presence of Mach 10 magnetised turbulence. Our star formation simulations have produced, for the first time ever, highly collimated magnetised protostellar jets from the first hydrostatic core phase. Up to 40% of the initial core mass may be ejected through this outflow. The primary difficulty in performing these simulations is maintaining the divergence free constraint of the magnetic field, and to address this issue, we have developed a new divergence cleaning method which has allowed us to stably follow the evolution of these protostellar jets for long periods. The simulations performed of supersonic MHD turbulence are able to exponentially amplify magnetic energy by up to 10 orders of magnitude via turbulent dynamo. To reduce numerical dissipation, a new shock detection algorithm is utilised which is able to track magnetic shocks throughout a large range of magnetic field strengths.
Tandem Mass Tags Quantitative Proteome Identification and Function Analysis of ABC Transporters in Neofusicoccum parvum

Neofusicoccum parvum can cause twig blight of the walnut (Juglans spp.), resulting in great economic losses and ecological damage. We performed proteomic tandem mass tags (TMT) quantification of two Neofusicoccum parvum strains with different substrates, BH01 in walnut substrate (SW) and sterile water (SK), and BH03 in walnut substrate (WW) and sterile water (WK), in order to identify differentially expressed proteins. We identified 998, 95, and 489 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the SK vs. WK, SW vs. SK, and WW vs. WK comparison groups, respectively. A phylogenetic analysis was performed to classify the ABC transporter proteins annotated in the TMT protein quantification into eight groups. Physicochemical and structural analyses of the 24 ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins revealed that 14 of them had transmembrane structures. To elucidate the functions of these transmembrane proteins, we determined the relative expression levels of ABC transporter genes in strains cultured in sodium chloride, hydrogen peroxide, copper sulfate, and carbendazim mediums, in comparison with pure medium; analysis revealed differential upregulation. To verify the expression results, we knocked out the NpABC2 gene and compared the wild-type and knockout mutant strains. The knockout mutant strains exhibited a higher sensitivity to antifungal drugs. Furthermore, the virulence of the knockout mutant strains was significantly lower than the wild-type strains, thus implying that NpABC2 plays a role in the drug resistance of N. parvum and affects its virulence.
Role of p38 MAPK Signalling in Testis Development and Male Fertility

The testis is an important male reproductive organ, which ensures reproductive function via the secretion of testosterone and the generation of spermatozoa. Testis development begins in the embryonic period, continues after birth, and generally reaches functional maturation at puberty. The stress-activated kinase, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), regulates multiple cell processes including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and cellular stress responses. p38 MAPK signalling plays a crucial role in testis development by regulating spermatogenesis, the fate determination of pre-Sertoli, and primordial germ cells during embryogenesis, the proliferation of testicular cells in the postnatal period, and the functions of mature Sertoli and Leydig cells. In addition, p38 MAPK signalling is involved in decreased male fertility when exposed to various harmful stimuli. This review will describe in detail the biological functions of p38 MAPK signalling in testis development and male reproduction, together with its pathological role in male infertility.
Reasoning about Names In Higher-Order Abstract Syntax

The continuously growing application of computer science to a wide range of human activities yields several issues. Besides sociological, philosophical or other more or less arbitrary speculations, there is the pragmatic need of controlling the activity and predicting the behaviour of complex systems devoted to critical tasks or, more simply, to the accomplishment of online financial transactions. Most of the time, programmers convince themselves that their code meets the original specifications by informal arguments or by testing the software over some sample of input data. However, even at the dawn of the computer era, this approach has been considered unsatisfactory since it cannot ensure the absence of errors under all circumstances. On the other hand the formal methods of mathematics provide a rigorous way for reasoning and understanding the behaviour of programs, languages, and complex systems. Many logics and calculi have arisen in order to deal with a plethora of problems and properties. However, their application to real cases is often cumbersome and error prone due to the overwhelming complexity and the subtleties involved. The field of Computer Aided Formal Reasoning (CAFR) is a research branch whose aim is to study and implement tools allowing one to develop formal proofs in a computer-assisted way. So doing, nothing can be “swept under the rug” (as it often happens with proofs carried out with “pencil and paper”) and, once the proof is finished, its correctness is ensured, i.e., certified by the system. Recently Logical Frameworks (LFs) based on constructive type theory have emerged as general metalanguages for encoding and formally reasoning about formal systems by means of the propositions-as-types, proofs-as-terms paradigm. The latter allows one to reduce the problem of proof checking to that of type checking opening the way to a mechanized implementation of LFs. The contribution of this thesis is the proposal of an axiomatic theory which, in conjunction with the Higher-Order Abstract Syntax (HOAS) encoding approach, allows one to adequately encode and reason over a large class of formal systems. We hope that this work will help in the understanding and application of LFs.
Ferramenta de Injeção de Falhas para Avaliação de Sistemas de Segurança em Rede

O surgimento de diversos programas na área de segurança trouxe inúmeros benefícios aos problemas de insegurança inerente às redes IP, mas também algumas dúvidas sobre a sua eficácia. Existem várias técnicas desenvolvidas para avaliar as vulnerabilidades de uma rede, mas suas avaliações são limitadas e poucas são as ferramentas desenvolvidas visando facilitar e automatizar o teste de equipamentos de segurança em rede. Este artigo apresenta um sistema de injeção de falhas específico para a avaliação desses equipamentos com o objetivo de preencher a lacuna existente entre os injetores de pacotes e os programas de varredura de vulnerabilidades.
TOPICAL REVIEW: GaN-based diodes and transistors for chemical, gas, biological and pressure sensing

An apparatus for testing of integrated circuits (ICs) has parallel plates arranged at a fixed distance from each other, each having a plurality of aligning bores, and a plurality of equally oriented contact elements made of resilient sheet material. The elements have a first straight end portion sitting in a bore of one of said plates and a second straight end portion sitting in an aligning bore of the other of said plates. A pressure member is used to move an IC toward the outer side of one of the plates and the first end portions of the contact elements, which first ends extend slightly beyond the outer side of one of the plates and form a pattern which corresponds to the pattern of contact points of the IC to be tested. The second end portions of the contact elements are adapted to be connected to a testing device, and the portion of the contact elements between said first and second end portions lie between the plates and are offset relative to the end portions and experience multiple deflections as axial pressure is exerted on the first end portions. The contact elements are formed out of a flat strip, and the center portion of each element is bent out of the plane defined by the strip.
Genetic Regulation of Liver Metabolites and Transcripts Linking to Biochemical-Clinical Parameters

Given the central metabolic role of the liver, hepatic metabolites and transcripts reflect the organismal physiological state. Biochemical-clinical plasma biomarkers, hepatic metabolites, transcripts, and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes of some 300 pigs were integrated by weighted correlation networks and genome-wide association analyses. Network-based approaches of transcriptomic and metabolomics data revealed linked of transcripts and metabolites of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). This finding was evidenced by using a NADP/NADPH assay and HDAC4 and G6PD transcript quantification with the latter coding for first limiting enzyme of this pathway and by RNAi knockdown experiments of HDAC4. Other transcripts including ARG2 and SLC22A7 showed link to amino acids and biomarkers. The amino acid metabolites were linked with transcripts of immune or acute phase response signaling, whereas the carbohydrate metabolites were highly enrich in cholesterol biosynthesis transcripts. Genome-wide association analyses revealed 180 metabolic quantitative trait loci (mQTL) (p < 10-4). Trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline (p = 6 × 10-9), being strongly correlated with plasma creatinine (CREA), showed strongest association with SNPs on chromosome 6 that had pleiotropic effects on PRODH2 expression as revealed by multivariate analysis. Consideration of shared marker association with biomarkers, metabolites, and transcripts revealed 144 SNPs associated with 44 metabolites and 69 transcripts that are correlated with each other, representing 176 mQTL and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL). This is the first work to report genetic variants associated with liver metabolite and transcript levels as well as blood biochemical-clinical parameters in a healthy porcine model. The identified associations provide links between variation at the genome, transcriptome, and metabolome level molecules with clinically relevant phenotypes. This approach has the potential to detect novel biomarkers displaying individual variation and promoting predictive biology in medicine and animal breeding.
Device Modelling and Optimization of Nanomaterial-Based Planar Heterojunction Solar Cell (by Varying the Device Dimensions and Material Parameters)

The objective of this work is to model a multi-disciplinary (multi-physics) organic photovoltaic (OPV) using mathematical modeling and analyzing the behavior of a standard planar heterojunction (PHJ) or bi-layer thin-film photovoltaic device, supporting the optimization of an efficient device for future production and assisting in evaluating and choosing the materials required for the efficient device. In order to increase photodiode performance, the device structure and geometrical properties have also been optimized and evaluated. In this work, the effects of varying the device size and transport parameters on the performance parameters of a PHJ OPV structure comprised of Indium Tin Oxide as the anode (ITO), semiconducting single-wall carbon nanotube (s-SWCNT) as the donor, fullerene C70 as the acceptor, and Aluminium (Al) as the cathode have been analyzed. The conclusion suggests that a highly effective ITO/s-SWCNT/C70/Al PHJ solar cell may be fabricated if the suggested device is appropriately built with a thin layer and a high exciton diffusion length, bi-molecular recombination coefficient, and improved mobility charge carriers, in particular hole mobility in the cell’s donor layer. In addition, the displayed current–voltage (I–V) characteristics of the proposed PHJ device are clearly indicated, with the ITO/s-SWCNT/C70/Al combination having the greatest short-circuit current density (Jsc) value of 5.61 mA/cm2, open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.7 V, fill factor (FF) of 79% and efficiency (ɳ) of 3.1%. Results show that the electrical performance of organic solar cells is sensitive to the thickness of the photoactive substance. These results open the path for developing inexpensive and highly efficient solar cells.