Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Survey of Arabic Thematic Sentiment Analysis Based on Topic Modeling

The expansion of the world wide web has led to a huge amount of user generated content over different forums and social media platforms, these rich data resources offer the opportunity to reflect, and track changing public sentiments and help to develop proactive reactions strategies for decision and policy makers. Analysis of public emotions and opinions towards events and sentimental trends can help to address unforeseen areas of public concerns. The need of developing systems to analyze these sentiments and the topics behind them has emerged tremendously. While most existing works reported in the literature have been carried out in English, this paper, in contrast, aims to review recent research works in Arabic language in the field of thematic sentiment analysis and which techniques they have utilized to accomplish this task. The findings show that the prevailing techniques in Arabic topic-based sentiment analysis are based on traditional approaches and machine learning methods. In addition, it has been found that considerably limited recent studies have utilized deep learning approaches to build high performance models.
THE EFFECT OF AUDIT QUALITY, FIRM SIZE, AND EARNINGS GROWTH ON EARNINGS QUALITY AT NATIONAL AND LOCAL ENTERPRISES IN THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE

The goal of this research is to see how audit quality, business size, and earnings growth affect earnings quality. The sample for this study is established through purposive sampling, and it consists of 25 state-owned enterprises listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, including financial statement data for the 2016-2020 financial years. Hypotheses are developed using agency theory and signal theory methodologies. The significance of the audit quality variable was 9.6%, the business size variable was 20.8 percent, and the profit growth variable was 0.1 percent, according to the findings of the t-statistical test with a significance level of 5%. According to the findings, audit quality and business size have no impact on earnings quality, while earnings growth has a considerable negative
Title Why don ’ t poor men eat fruit ? Socioeconomic differences inmotivations for fruit consumption

Background: Those of lower socioeconomic status (SES) tend to have less healthy diets than those of higher SES. This study aimed to assess whether differences in motivations for particular foods might contribute to socioeconomic differences in consumption. Methods: Participants (n = 732) rated their frequency of consumption and explicit liking of fruit, cake and cheese. They reported eating motivations (e.g., health, hunger, price) and related attributes of the investigated foods (healthiness, expected satiety, value for money). Participants were randomly assigned to an implicit liking task (Single Category Implicit Association Task) for one food category. Analyses were conducted separately for different SES measures (income, education, occupational group). Results: Lower SES and male participants reported eating less fruit, but no SES differences were found for cheese or cake. Analyses therefore focused on fruit. In implicit liking analyses, results (for income and education) reflected patterning in consumption, with lower SES and male participants liking fruit less. In explicit liking analyses, no differences were found by SES. Higher SES participants (all indicators) were more likely to report health and weight control and less likely report price as motivators of food choices. For perceptions of fruit, no SES-based differences were found in healthiness whilst significant interactions (but not main effects) were found (for income and education) for expected satiety and value for money. Neither liking nor perceptions of fruit were found to mediate the relationship between SES and frequency of fruit consumption. Conclusions: There is evidence for social patterning in food motivation, but differences are modified by the choice of implicit or explicit measures. Further work should clarify the extent to which these motivations may be contributing to the social and gender patterning in diet. © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
Anisotropic scaling of the two-dimensional Ising model II: surfaces and boundary fields

Based on the results published recently [SciPost Phys. 7, 026 (2019)], the influence of surfaces and boundary fields are calculated for the ferromagnetic anisotropic square lattice Ising model on finite lattices as well as in the finite-size scaling limit. Starting with the open cylinder, we independently apply boundary fields on both sides which can be either homogeneous or staggered, representing different combinations of boundary conditions. We confirm several predictions from scaling theory, conformal field theory and renormalisation group theory: we explicitly show that anisotropic couplings enter the scaling functions through a generalised aspect ratio, and demonstrate that open and staggered boundary conditions are asymptotically equal in the scaling regime. Furthermore, we examine the emergence of the surface tension due to one antiperiodic boundary in the system in the presence of symmetry breaking boundary fields, again for finite systems as well as in the scaling limit. Finally, we extend our results to the antiferromagnetic Ising model.
Vision-based Software Tool System for Position Estimation Using a Smartphone

Context: Current smartphone models have a very interesting set of sensors such as cameras, IMUs, GPS, and environmental variables. This combination of sensors motivates the use of smartphones in scientiﬁc and service applications. One of these applications is precision agriculture, speciﬁcally drone position estimation using computer vision in GPS-denied environments for remote crop measurements. Method: This work presents the development of EVP, a vision-based position estimation system using a modern smartphone and computer vision methods. EVP consists of two software applications: an Android app (mobile station) running on a smartphone capable of controlling the drone’s ﬂight, acquiring images, and transmitting them through a wireless network; and another application (base station) running on a Linux-based computer capable of receiving the images, processing them and running the position estimation algorithms using the acquired images. In this work, the mobile station is placed in a quad-copter. Using EVP, users can conﬁgure the mobile and base station software, execute the vision-based position estimation method, observe position graph results on the base station, and store sensor data in a database. Results: EVP was tested in three ﬁeld tests: an indoor environment, an open ﬁeld ﬂight, and a ﬁeld test over the Engineering Department’s square at Universidad del Valle. The root mean square errors obtained in XY were 0,166 m, 2,8 m, and 1,4 m, respectively, and they were compared against the GPS-RTK measurements. Conclusions: As a result, a vision-based position estimation system called EVP was developed and tested in realworld experiments. This system can be used in GPS-denied environments to perform tasks such as 3D mapping, pick-up and delivery of goods, object tracking, among others.
Ontological Representation of Virtual Business Communities: How to Find Right Business Partners

Business knowledge that is embodied in texts such as business news and companies profiles has become widely accessible to the business community, as well as to the general public, mostly due to the growing popularity of the Internet. The field of efficient information retrieval and knowledge discovery from textual data is an increasingly important research topic driven by the Internet growth and easy access to very large business directories on the Internet. To become acquainted with a particular domain and to better understand the underlying concepts, domain knowledge can be represented by ontologies. In addition, ontologies can be used for identification of potential links in virtual business communities and for decision support when searching for right business partners, which is very relevant to small to medium-sized enterprises. Potential applications range from dynamic supply chain configuration to building consortia as quick responses to business opportunities.
Clinical Pharmacology of Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors in Erectile Dysfunction

The drugs active on erectile dysfunction in humans are now mainly phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, those that are marketed are Sildenafil, Vardefanil, Taladafil, and Avanafil. We propose a synthesis of the pharmacological, pharmacokinetic and clinical properties of these derivatives. We have also listed their most common side effects and their potential drug interactions.
Hyperdimensional Computing: An Algebra for Computing with Vectors

: Hyperdimensional computing extends the traditional (von Neumann) model of computing with numbers, to computing with wide vectors, e.g., 10,000-bit. Operations that correspond to the addition and multiplication of numbers, augmented by permutations of vector coordinates, allow us to build computers for tasks that are served poorly by today’s computers. The hardware requirements are a unique match to 3D nanoscale circuit technology. The vector operations can be built into circuits and programmed in traditional ways. The encoding of information, however, is totally diﬀerent and takes getting used to. Multiple items of information are encoded into a single vector and distributed over all vector components in a kind of holographic representation. Computing with holographically encoded vectors depends on the superabundance of approximately orthogonal vectors and on the properties of the operations, namely, that some are invertible, some distributive, and some distance-preserving. Such properties are familiar to us from computing with numbers; now they form a foundation for computing with vectors. The goal of computing with vectors is to interpret and to act fast on rich sensory input. Sensory data and commands to actuators are coordinated in the high-dimensional vector space, but raw sensory input must ﬁrst be brought into the space. It is done with sensor-speciﬁc pre-processors that can be designed by experts or trained as traditional neural nets and then frozen. Similarly, high-dimensional vectors for actions are converted to commands for motors by actuator-speciﬁc post-processors.
Un co rre cte d Pr oo f Chapter 5 Analyzing Dispersion

This chapter provides an overview of one of the most crucial but at the same time most underused basic statistical measures in corpus linguistics, dispersion, i.e. the degree to which occurrences of a word are distributed throughout a corpus evenly or unevenly/clumpily. I ﬁrst survey a range of dispersion measures, their characteristics, and how they are computed manually; also, I discuss how different kinds of measures are related to each other in terms of their statistical behavior. Then, I address and exemplify the kinds of purposes to which dispersion measures are put in (i) lexicographic work and in (ii) some psycholinguistic explorations. The chapter then discusses a variety of reasons why, and ways in which, dispersion measures should be used more in corpus-linguistic work, in particular to augment simple frequency information that might be misleading; I conclude by discussing future directions in which dispersion research can go both in terms of how the logic of dispersion measures extends from frequencies of occurrence to co-occurrence and, potentially, even key words and in terms of how dispersion measures can be validated in future research on cognitive and psycholinguistic as well as applied-linguistics applications.
Hydrothermal Growth of ZnO Nanostructures on Seed Layer Coated Substrates and their Characterization

Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanostructures were grown on ZnO seed layer deposited glass, ITO coated glass, quartz and p-silicon (p-Si) substrates by hydrothermal method. The structural, morphological and optical properties of the grown ZnO nanostructures were characterized by XRD, FESEM and UV-visible spectroscopy. The elemental compositions of the samples were investigated by EDS.
Molecular Regulation of Decision Making in the Interstitial Stem Cell Lineage of Hydra Revisited

: Multipotent interstitial stem cells in the freshwater polyp Hydra deﬁne one of the best-studied pre-bilaterian adult cell lineages. Most of them represent a population of small, fast-cycling cells that give rise to three somatic differentiation products (neurons, nematocytes, and gland cells) under conditions of continuous asexual growth and reproduction, and they also form the gametes when sexual reproduction is initiated. Few proliferate with a longer cell cycle. Interstitial stem cells in Hydra and other marine hydrozoans have been studied intensively using sophisticated cellular and molecular methods over several decades. Here, we discuss the properties of interstitial stem cells in Hydra and the known feedback control mechanisms maintaining tissue homeostasis and spatial distribution of interstitial cells along the polyp’s major body axis. We summarize the current state of knowledge about molecular regulation of self-renewal and somatic differentiation and put particular emphasis on those molecular factors that have been shown to affect decision making using methods of functional interference.
Extraction of Polyphenolic Antioxidants from Red Grape Pomace and Olive Leaves: Process Optimization Using a Tailor-Made Tertiary Deep Eutectic Solvent

In the framework of introducing green strategies for food processing, the industrial orientation has shifted towards the replacement of conventional petroleum-based solvents with alternative eco-friendly ones. On this basis, the objective of this study was to synthesize a novel, tertiary, food-grade deep eutectic solvent, composed of glycerol, citric acid, and L-proline (GL-CA-Pro), and to test it as a solvent for the extraction of polyphenols from agri-food waste biomass. After an initial screening on various common residual materials (apple peels, lemon peels, orange peels, red grape pomace, olive leaves), evidence emerged that indicated GL-CA-Pro was more effective than other DESs commonly used for polyphenol extraction. Furthermore, extracts from red grape pomace (RGP) and olive leaves (OLL) were shown to contain higher level of total polyphenols and increased antioxidant activity. Process optimization for those two materials with the response surface methodology revealed that the major difference pertained to the extraction time. In addition, for both materials, GL-CA-Pro was shown to provide higher total polyphenol yields (53.25 and 42.48 mg gallic acid equivalents per g of dry mass, respectively) compared to water and 60% aqueous ethanol. However, the chromatographic analyses for OLL suggested aqueous ethanol was a more suitable solvent for some principal polyphenolic constituents. The RGP extract produced with GL-CA-Pro exhibited significantly stronger antioxidant effects compared to the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts, but the outcome for the OLL extracts was diversified. It was concluded that GL-CA-Pro is a very efficient solvent for RGP polyphenols, but its efficiency regarding OLL was comparable to that of aqueous ethanol.
On the Compressed Sensing Properties of Word Embeddings

Distributed representations of words, or word embeddings, computed using large text corpora have become a popular way of encoding linguistic features for applications in natural language processing. However, their power, in terms of the information they encode and how this relates to performance on downstream tasks, is not theoretically understood. Drawing inspiration from results in compressed learning [7, 1], we present a remarkable empirical property of word embeddings - they are more eﬃcient than random matrices for sparse recovery of Bag-of-Words vectors from linear compression. We discuss how this result can be understood by introducing a new, eﬃciently-veriﬁable compressed sensing property guaranteeing exact recovery of nonnegative signals that depends on geometric results connecting basis pursuit and neighborly polytopes [10]. Finally, we analyze the extent to which diﬀerent embeddings satisfy this property and how to connect these results to understand the performance of these representations on downstream tasks.
Cracking the Code of Live Human Social Interactions in Autism: A Review of the Eye-Tracking Literature

Human social interaction involves a complex, dynamic exchange of verbal and non-verbal information. Over the last decade, eye-tracking technology has afforded unique insight into the way eye gaze information, including both holding gaze and shifting gaze, organizes live human interactions. For example, while playing a social game together, speakers end their turn by directing gaze at the listener, who begins to speak with averted gaze (Ho et al., 2015). These findings reflect how eye gaze can be used to signal important turn-taking transitions in social interactions. Deficits in conversational turn-taking is a core feature of autism spectrum disorders. Individuals on the autism spectrum also have notable difficulties processing eye gaze information (Griffin & Scherf, 2020). A central hypothesis in the literature is that the difficulties in processing eye gaze information are foundational to the social communication deficits that make social interactions so challenging for individuals on the autism spectrum. Although eye-tracking technology has been used extensively to assess the way individuals on the spectrum attend to stimuli presented on computer screens (for review see Papagiannopoulou et al., 2014), it has rarely been used to evaluate the critical question regarding whether and how autistic individuals process non-verbal social cues from their partners during live social interactions. Here, we review this emerging literature with a focus on characterizing the experimental paradigms and eye-tracking procedures to understand the scope (and limitations) of research questions and findings. We discuss the theoretical implications of the findings from this review and provide recommendations for future work that will be essential to understand whether and how fundamental difficulties in perceiving and processing information about eye gaze cues interfere with social communication skills in autism.
PERSPECTIVES IN NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE Oxygen – the forgotten nutrient

O 2 is essential for the maintenance and growth of aerobic animals, similar to the essentiality of what are classically considered nutrients. Nevertheless, O 2 is not customarily regarded as a nutrient, this re ﬂ ecting the route by which it enters the body – through the lungs or gills in vertebrates, rather than via the mouth and gastrointestinal tract. A relative de ﬁ ciency of O 2 occurs at high altitudes and during deep-sea diving, to which distinct adaptations occur. De ﬁ ciency is also evident in lung diseases such as emphysema. Without O 2 , mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation cannot take place. At a molecular level, cells adapt to O 2 de ﬁ ciency by switching from oxidative metabolism to anaerobic glycolysis and there are changes in the expression of a multiplicity of genes, driven by hypoxia-sensitive transcription factors, particularly hypoxia-inducible factor-1. It is argued that O 2 should be fully included within the remit of nutritional science alongside the other essential macronutrients.
Towards Extraction of Cognitive Stages of Processing During Mental Spatial Processing With Gaze Data of a Mental Folding Task

Distinct cognitive stages of processing during mental spatial trans-formationtasksmaybeevident inoculomotorbehavior.Werecorded eye movements whilst participants performed an altered version of the mental folding task. Gaze behaviour was analyzed to provide insight on the relationship between task difficulty, gaze proportion on each stimuli, gaze switches between stimuli and reaction times. We found a linear decrease in switch frequency and gaze proportions with increasing difficulty level. Further, we demonstrate that these measures of gaze behaviour are related to the time taken to perform the mental transformation. We propose that the observed patterns of eye movements are indicative of distinct cognitive stages during mental folding. Lastly, further analyses with exploratory methods as well as possibilities for cognitive modeling are discussed.
Effect of triazoles and indole-3-butyric acid on growth of Adhatoda vasica cuttings

Adhatoda vasica Nees is an evergreen shrub belongs to Acanthaceae originated in India, Nepal, and South Asia. Leaves are elongated and emit an unpleasant odor when crushed (Hati et al., 1990). The A. vasica has been used for the treatment of various diseases and disorders. The ayurvedic system of medicine describes the use of this plant for treatment of respiratory ailments, particularly for the treatment of a cough, bronchitis, asthma, and tuberculosis. It is also claimed that it causes thinning of sputum and phlegm in bronchitis and asthma. Alkaloids are secondary metabolites originating generally from amino acids and therefore, contain nitrogen in their molecular structure. Alkaloids are found in 15% of all plants. In the A. vasica, alkaloids are vasicine and vasicinone.
Improvement in Harmonic Compensation of a Smart Charger with a Constant DC-Capacitor Voltage-Control-Based Strategy for Electric Vehicles in Single-Phase Three-Wire Distribution Feeders

This paper presents an improvement in harmonic compensation performance of a previously proposed smart charger (SC) with a constant dc-capacitor voltage-control (CDCVC) strategy for electric vehicles (EVs) in single-phase three-wire distribution feeders (SPTWDFs). A controller for 3rd harmonic currents in d-q coordinates is added to the previously proposed SC. This addition improves harmonic compensation performance of the source currents. We briefly introduce harmonic current compensation using the previously proposed CDCVC-based algorithm for the SC. Then, the basic principles of the proposed controller for the 3rd harmonic currents in d-q coordinates are discussed in detail. It is shown that synchronization of the current controllers for both the fundamental and 3rd harmonic components is required. The switching frequency of a three-leg pulse-width modulated rectifier with a bidirectional dc–dc converter, which performs the SC, is determined considering the synchronization of the current controllers. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that balanced and sinusoidal source currents with a unity power factor are achieved during both battery charging and discharging operations in EVs, improving the harmonic compensation performance of the previously proposed SC. Experimental results also demonstrate that the total harmonic distortion values of source currents are improved by 8.4% and 3.6% with the proposed controller for 3rd harmonic currents, when the SC is discharging, for example.