Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early blood pressure changes during systemic thrombolysis and its association with unexplained early neurological deterioration in small subcortical infarct

Early neurological deterioration (END), observed in the acute phase of small subcortical infarct treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), is not uncommon in these patients. However, in over half of the END cases, the exact cause is yet incompletely understood, which is so‐called unexplained END (unEND). Our aim was to investigate the association of early blood pressure (BP) changes with unEND in patients with small subcortical infarct in the perforator territory of middle cerebral artery treated with IVT. Consecutive patients with acute small subcortical infarct treated with IVT were enrolled in this study. unEND was defined as≧2‐point increase of NIHSS from baseline to 24 hours, without straightforward causes. BP excursions and BP variability were calculated and compared between patients with unNED and those without. A total of 168 patients with acute small subcortical infarct were included. Of them, there were 29 patients with unEND and 139 without END. During the first 24 hours following IVT, 66 (39.29%) patients had at least one BP excursion. Logistic regression analyses indicated that BP excursion presence (OR = 3.185, 95% CI: 1.238‐8.198), SBP excursion presence (OR = 3.535, 95% CI: 1.366‐9.143), and number of SBP excursion (OR = 1.466, 95% CI: 1.090‐1.973) were independently associated with unEND. Although SBPSD (P < .001) and SBPCV (P < .001) were higher in patients with unEND than those without END, none of the parameters of BP variability predicted unEND in multivariate analyses. BP excursions above guideline thresholds during the first 24 hours following IVT for small subcortical infarct are common and are independently associated with unEND.
Molecular determinants of pH sensing in the proton-activated chloride channel

Significance The acidic environment is critical for the proper function of many intracellular organelles. It is also associated with various diseases such as ischemia, cancer, and inflammation. In response to acidic pH, the proton-activated chloride (PAC) channel permeates chloride ions across membranes and plays an important role in endosomal acidification. It is also involved in acid-induced cell death and ischemic brain injury. However, how proton binding leads to the opening of this newly identified family of ion channels remains unknown. In this study, we identified several critical protonation sites and intersubunit interactions that work together to determine PAC pH sensitivity. Our work reveals a distinct pH-sensing mechanism and is relevant to the development of inhibitors targeting PAC in diseases associated with acidosis.
Driving behavior classification at signalized intersections using vehicle kinematics: Application of unsupervised machine learning

Abstract Driving behavior is considered as a unique driving habit of each driver and has a significant impact on road safety. This study proposed a novel data-driven Machine Learning framework that can classify driving behavior at signalized intersections considering two different signal conditions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that investigates driving behavior at signalized intersections with two different conditions that are mostly used in practice, i.e., the control setting with the signal order of green-yellow-red and a flashing green setting with the signal order of green-flashing green-yellow-red. A driving simulator dataset collected from participants at Qatar University’s Qatar Transportation and Traffic Safety Center, driving through multiple signalized intersections, was used. The proposed framework extracts volatility measures from vehicle kinematic parameters including longitudinal speed and acceleration. K-means clustering algorithm with elbow method was used as an unsupervised machine learning to cluster driving behavior into three classes (i.e., conservative, normal, and aggressive) and investigate the impact of signal conditions. The framework confirmed that in general driving behavior at a signalized intersection reflects drivers’ habits and personality rather than the signal condition, still, it manifests the intersection nature that usually requires drivers to be more vigilant and cautious. Nonetheless, the results suggested that flashing green condition could make drivers more conservative, which could be due to the limited capabilities of human to estimate the remaining distance and the prolonged duration of the additional flashing green interval. The proposed framework and findings of the study were promising that can be used for clustering drivers into different styles for different conditions and might be beneficial for policymakers, researchers, and engineers.
On risk adjusted valuation : a certainty equivalent characterization of a class of stochastic control problems

This paper analyzes the certainty equivalent deterministic characterization of a broad class of stochastic control problems arising in the valuation of both single and sequential real investment opportunities and in the rational management of renewable resources. We consider two alternative risk adjustment techniques and study the qualitative properties of these adjustments. We present a set of weak conditions under which the sign of the relationship between increased volatility and the required risk adjustments can be unambiguously characterized. We also present a set of typically satisfied conditions under which the risk of potential liquidation increases the required risk adjustment and, therefore, strengthens the effect of volatility on the adjustment and the required exercise premium.
Z-Source Inverter for Fuel Cell application

The thesis presents the analysis of a single phase and three phase Z-source inverter used for fuel cell applications and its control methods for implementation in dc-to-ac power conversion system is presented. This thesis brings together the problems in the use of fuel cell as a power source. The basic problem is with the fuel cell is that it give a fixed DC output. So this can’t be used for various function like in HEV or other applications. So to overcome this problem Z-source is connected to the full cell. The design of Z-network, single phase and three phase full bridge inverter mathematical modeling is done . The simulation work is carried in MATLAB-Simulink. A fixed DC input voltage (V) is applied across the inverter and a controlled AC output voltage (V) is obtained by varying the duty cycle of the inverter. The duty cycle variation is be achieved by using pulse Width modulation (PWM) control methods. In control strategies Sinusoidal carrierbased PWM and Simple Boost Control method is used. These methods are described in detail and simulation work is presented in support of that. The output voltage and current ripples are controlled by varying the modulation index and switching frequency. The effect of short switched state on the traditional inverter is eliminated in the Z-source inverter. The traditional inverters can be used either as buck or boost converter . This limitation is sorted by the use Zsource inverter. Z-source buck-boost capabilities are verified analytically and simulation results are presented. Different applications are presented for the verification of the modeling and simulated system along with two control strategies. One of the strategies is based on performance and simulation analysis of fuel cell (FC) system. Second application is based on modeling and simulation of Z-source inverter for single phase and three phases to control the speed of Induction Motor.
Generalised‐fast decoupled state estimator

Nowadays the fast-decoupled state estimation (FDSE) is widely used in almost every power system control centre. FDSE is effective and efficient for most transmission systems but it may not converge for systems with a large ratio of branch resistance to reactance (R/X); meanwhile the branch current magnitude measurements (BCMMs) cannot be reliably used in FDSE, thereby limiting its applications especially for the distribution systems where BCMMs abound. In this study, the above two problems have been addressed by transforming all measurements so that they can be classified as quasi-real power measurements and quasi-reactive power measurements, leading to a generalised FDSE (GFDSE) with a solid theoretical foundation. The formulation of GFDSE is based on only the assumption, rather than three assumptions used in FDSE. As a result, GFDSE has good adaptability to transmission systems as well as distribution systems; additionally, BCMMs can be reliably used in GFDSE. Case studies based on IEEE benchmark systems and a real grid of China demonstrate that the proposed GFDSE has very good convergence properties for transmission systems and distribution systems; and at the same time, the proposed GFDSE is also superior to FDSE in terms of computational efficiency under almost all cases.
Monitoring adherence to hand hygiene: a literature review

Surveys conducted show a lack of standardized methods for assessing the adherence of health professionals to the practice of hand hygiene. Therefore, this review aimed to identify the different methods used to assess adherence to this practice found within the literature, referenced by the following query databases - Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences, Medical Analysis Retrieval System Online Scientific Electronic Library Online. A total of 210 studies were identified, among which 34 were selected articles published between the years 2001 to 2010. The study presents the different methods used to conduct the evaluation of adherence to hand hygiene procedures and highlights their strengths and weaknesses, in order to subsidize the critical analysis on the part of health professionals, to facilitate the choice of the most appropriate method for each institution and reality.
Adapting Robot Behaviour in Smart Homes: a Different Approach Using Personas

A challenge in Human-Robot Interaction is tailoring the social skills of robot companions to match those expected by individual humans during their first encounter. Currently, large amounts of user data are needed to configure robot companions with these skills. This creates the need of running long-term Human-Robot Interaction studies in domestic environments. A new approach using personas is explored to alleviate this arduous data collection task without compromising the level of interaction currently shown by robot companions. The personas technique was created by Alan Cooper in 1999 as a tool to define user archetypes of a system in order to reduce the involvement of real users during the development process of a target system. This technique has proven beneficial in Human-Computer Interaction for years. Therefore, similar benefits could be expected when applying personas to Human-Robot Interaction. Our novel approach defines personas as the key component of a computational behaviour model used to adapt robot companions to individual user’s needs. This approach reduces the amount of user data that must be collected before a Human-Robot Interaction study, by associating new users to pre-defined personas that adapt the robot behaviours through their integration with the computational behaviour model. At the same time that the current robot social interaction level expected by humans during the first encounter is preserved. The University of Hertfordshire Robot House provided the naturalistic domestic environment for the investigation. After incorporating a new module, an Activity Recognition System, to increase the overall context-awareness of the system, a computational behaviour model will be defined through an iterative research process. The initial definition of the model was evolved after each experiment based on the
Amplitude e cadência do passo e componentes da aptidão muscular em idosos: um estudo correlacional multivariado

Este estudio tiene por objetivo verificar la asociacion entre la amplitud y cadencia del paso y los componentes de la capacidad muscular (CAM) (flexibilidad, fuerza y resistencia muscular de miembros inferiores), en 25 mujeres de 60 a 86 anos de edad (promedio = 79 ± 7 anos), fisicamente independientes y cuyas condiciones clinicas no impusieron restricciones a la realizacion de las pruebas sugeridas. Se estudiaron las siguientes variables: a) amplitud y cadencia del paso (AMP y CAP); b) peso, estatura y altura sentada en un banco con medida estandarizada (44cm); c) marcha estacionaria de dos minutos (numero de repeticiones) (RESISR); d) fuerza maxima relativa de extension de las rodillas (carga / peso corporal) (FORCAR); e) flexibilidad del tobillo y cuadril (grados) (FLEXT y FLEXQ). La AMP y CAP se compararon a las variables de los CAM por medio de tecnicas de correlacion simple y multivariada. Los resultados indicaron que: a) AMP y CAP se asociaron significativamente con el conjunto de las variables de fuerza y flexibilidad, segun sugerido por la buena correlacion canonica (rcan = 0,79; p < 0,05); b) la AMP tuvo una correlacion mas estricta con la fuerza maxima y el endurance de fuerza que con la flexibilidad de miembros inferiores; c) la asociacion conjunta de las variables de los CAM (FLEXT, FLEXQ, FORCAR e RESISR) con las del paso (AMP y CAP) fue mas estricta que las correlaciones identificadas para cada variable considerada aisladamente. Con base en los resultados, fue posible proponer una formula para prever la eficiencia de la marca a partir de los CAM: EMB = 7,53 - 0,26 (FLEXQ) + 0,29 (FLEXT) - 1,87 (FORCAR) - 0,05 (RESISR) e EMF = 7 (EMB) + 76, donde EMB = Escore de Marcha Bruto, EMF = Escore de Marcha Final (r2 = 0,90; SEE = 0,35; p < 0,0001).
High-Speed Electrical Machine with Radial Magnetic Flux and Stator Core Made of Amorphous Magnetic Material. Technologies, Trends and Perspective of Development

This paper presents an analysis of the manufacturing technologies for the high-speed electrical machine with stator core made of amorphous magnetic material, their trends and perspective of development. The most efficient technology is determined. A design technology of sectional stator cores made of amorphous magnetic material is proposed. In addition, the paper shows the design methodology of the high-speed electrical machine with stator core made of amorphous magnetic material. A distinctive feature of the proposed technology is the implementation of the stator core made of amorphous magnetic material and laminated in the axial and radial directions. The fill factor for magnetic cores realized by this technology reaches 75%. The design methodology was tested on three prototypes of the high-speed electrical machine including the 120-kW prototype. The prototype experimental research is also presented in the paper. The main contribution is the loss minimization in the stator core made of amorphous magnetic material by 200%.
Lahontan Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii henshawi) and Paiute Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii seleniris) Detection from Environmental DNA Samples: A Dual-Purpose Assay

Abstract. Lahontan cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii henshawi) and Paiute cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii seleniris) are rare taxa of conservation concern. Their generally low population densities and remote distribution make traditional sampling difficult, but they primarily exist in small streams, a habitat type where environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling has proven extremely effective. We developed a single eDNA assay that allows sensitive detection of both taxa, which occur separate from each other in different regions of the Lahontan Basin. Performance of the assay was evaluated using most lineages of Lahontan cutthroat trout and Paiute cutthroat trout as well as tissues of other cutthroat trout and rainbow trout that have been introduced within the Lahontan Basin. The assay amplified DNA only from the target taxa, and only from eDNA samples collected where those taxa were known to be present. This assay should enhance the ability of managers to more precisely and efficiently describe the distribution of these taxa. Resumen. La trucha degollada de Lahontan (Oncorhynchus clarkii henshawi) y la trucha degollada de Paiute (Oncorhynchus clarkii seleniris) son taxones raros de interés para la conservación. Sus densidades de poblacionales generalmente bajas, así como sus distribuciones remotas dificultan el muestreo tradicional. No obstante, se encuentran principalmente en arroyos pequeños, un tipo de hábitat donde el muestreo de ADN ambiental (eDNA) ha demostrado ser extremadamente efectivo. En este estudio llevamos a cabo un único análisis de eDNA que permite la detección sensible de cualquiera de los miembros del taxón, que se encuentran en diferentes regiones de la cuenca de Lahontan. El resultado del análisis se evaluó utilizando la mayoría de los linajes de la trucha degollada de Lahontan y la trucha degollada de Paiute, así como tejidos de otras truchas degolladas y la trucha arco iris que se han introducido en la cuenca de Lahontan. El análisis permitió únicamente la amplificación de ADN de los taxones objetivo, y sólo de las muestras de eDNA recolectadas donde se sabía que esos taxones estaban presentes. Este análisis mejorará la capacidad de los administradores para describir la distribución de estos taxones de manera más precisa y eficiente.
Magnolol Induces Apoptosis Through Extrinsic/intrinsic Pathways and Attenuates NF-κB/STAT3 Signaling in Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Cells

Background/Aim: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer worldwide, and treatment outcomes are still poor. Magnolol, a hydroxylated biphenyl isolated from Magnolia officinalis, was found to be effective against hepatocellular carcinoma via inactivating nuclear-factor-kappa B (NF-B) signaling. However, whether magnolol targets not only NF-B but also other factors in NSCLC and may contribute to the suppression of tumor progression is unclear. Materials and Methods: Cell viability, flow cytometry, and western blotting assays were used to identify the mechanism of magnolol action in human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines A549 and CL1-5-F4. Results: Our results indicated that magnolol induced cytotoxicity through extrinsic/intrinsic apoptosis signaling and suppressed phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/NF-B and expression of their downstream proteins. Conclusion: Magnolol not only induced extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis signaling but also inactivated STAT3/NF-B and attenuated their signaling of epithelial–mesenchymal transition and metastasis-related protein expression in NSCLC.
CTST: Development and Validation of an Sequence Ability in Computational Thinking in Early Childhood Education

The purpose of this study is to develop a set of sequence test called CTST, and to determine whether it can be used to assess Sequencing Ability in computational thinking (CT). The content of the test is adapted from Baron-Cohen's picture story. We selected 5-7-year-old students (N=1234) from seven public schools in China for the test. The difficulty and distinguishing degree of each question were tested. Combined with the result of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), it is concluded that the sequence tests questions was composed of thirteen items, including three factors (amount, event and machine). Among them, four of the items that did not meet the standard were deleted. Our study also explored the differences of gender and age between 5-7-year-old students. The results show that the Sequencing Ability of girls is stronger than that of boys, and 7-year-old children may be the key period for the development of sequential ability. Generally speaking, the sequential test has good psychometric characteristics and can distinguish children with different CT sequencing Ability. We also discussed the limitations and direction of future work.
Accounting for Digital Variability in Crowd Work

Our AMICS TREO paper started the conversation regarding the digital variability that exists in different types of crowd work enabled by online platforms, such as Uber, Instacart, Upwork, and Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) (Taylor et al., 2020). We argued that the degree to which online platforms digitize their work elements (e.g., tasks, assets, governance, and support services) is germane to understanding how crowd work differs among these platforms. Here we seek to extend this dialogue by highlighting three areas of consideration. These considerations will sharpen the focus of future crowd work research by making the digital variability a central character in information systems (IS) research.
The Complexity of Chromatic Number When Restricted to graphs with Bounded Genus or Bounded Crossing Number

e present a known theorem with the following authors. Part 1 was proven by Hopcroft and Tarjan [10]. Part 2 is easy. Part 3 was proven by Garey, Johnson, and Stockmeyer [6]. Part 4 was proven by Appel, Haken, and Koch [2, 3].
Optimization of Induction Motor Equivalent Circuit Parameter Estimation Based on Manufacturer’s Data

This paper presents a two-stage optimization of the parameters of a seven-parameter equivalent circuit of three-phase induction motor. The initial parameters of this equivalent circuit are estimated by a method called the Engineering Method using the data given in the manufacturer’s data sheet. The two-stage parameter optimization procedure was developed to minimize the errors between the estimated and the actual values in motor torque and current. In the first stage, the method is targeted to optimize the parameters of the stator only. The second stage, if necessary, aims at optimizing the rotor-circuit parameters. Normalized least squares method is used to formulate the optimization problem. An objective function is established to minimize the errors between the calculated starting torque and current and the pullout torque and the given values in the manufacturer’s data sheet. The model parameters of ten industrial induction motors are estimated without and with optimization. The obtained results are compared with the Engineering Method and the actual manufacturer’s data to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Oliver Hines and Karla Diaz‐Ordazʼs contribution to the discussion of ‘Assumption‐lean inference for generalised linear model parameters’ by Vansteelandt and Dukes

We congratulate the authors on their work, which contributes to a growing movement in Statistics, moving away from (semi)parametric- based regression model assumptions, in favour of understanding working models as non- parametric projections of the true distribution. Here, we highlight this aspect of the work, and draw connections with other recent developments. Consider the functional m A , L ) g E ( Y|A , L )}, using the same notation as Vansteelandt and Dukes (2020). Without loss of generality,
Blair Bilodeau's contribution to the Discussion of ‘Assumption‐lean inference for generalised linear model parameters’ by Vansteelandt and Dukes

interaction estimand does not include the null and the CI for the main effect includes zero or no effect? Further, to connect the dots well, it will be great to understand the causal identifying conditions, considering that inference rather than prediction is the goal, an edge that will greatly help declutter the uses of blackbox methodologies. Thereafter, connecting to unmeasured confounding either via Rosenbaum’s sensitivity or VanderWeele's Evalue will be beneficial. However, the inferential nature of the causal estimand, either testing or providing valid confidence intervals, should remain.
Non well-foundedness and type freeness can unify the interpretation of functional application

The purpose of this paper is to provide a unified interpretation of collective and distributive predication based on an intensional type-free set theory where individuals are non well founded sets. The use of type freeness and non well foundedness will enable us to get all the possible readings of sentences from two simple tables. The notion of internal definability will be fundamental for this uniform interpretation.