Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Embodied technological progress, learning and the productivity slowdown

The productivity slowdown faced by the US economy since the first oil shock has been associated with a rise in the decline rate of the relative price of equipment and a reduction in the rate of disembodied technical change. We build up a growth model in which learning-by-doing is the engine of both embodied and disembodied technological progress. A change in the relative efficiency of learning-by-doing from the consumption to the investment sector is shown to imply a technological reassignment consistent with the above mentioned evidence. This result derives from the interaction between the obsolescence costs inherent to embodiment and the learning-by-doing engine.
Techniques for low-power high-performance ADCs

Analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are essential building blocks in many electronic systems which require digital signal processing and storage of analog signals. Traditionally, ADCs are considered a power hungry circuit. This thesis investigates ADC design techniques to achieve high-performance with low power consumption. Two designs are demonst rated. The first design is a voltage scalable zero-crossing based pipelined ADC. The zero-crossing based circuit technique is modified and optimized to improve the limited ADC resolution in nano-scaled CMOS technology. The proposed unidirectional charge transfer scheme allows faster and more energy efficient operation by eliminating unnecessary charging and discharging of the capacitors. Furthermore, the reduced transient disturbance at the beginning of the fine charge transfer phase improves the accuracy of operation. Power supply scaling enhances power efficiency at low sampling rates much like in digital circuits and widens the conversion frequency range where the ADC operates with highest efficiency. The second design is a high speed time-interleaved (TI) SAR ADC with background timing-skew calibration. A time-interleaved structure is employed to improve the effective sampling rate without sacrificing energy efficiency. SAR ADCs are used for each channel to make good use of device scaling. The proposed ADC architecture incorporates a flash ADC operating at the full sampling rate of the TI ADC. The flash ADC output is multiplexed to resolve MSBs of the SAR channels. Because the full-speed flash ADC does not suffer from timing-skew errors, the flash ADC output is also used as the timing reference to estimate the timing-skew of the SAR ADCs. Thesis Supervisor: Anantha P. Chandrakasan Title: Professor Thesis Supervisor: Hae-Seung Lee Title: Professor
Inventor Mobility and Knowledge Transmission in Nanotechnology

Using U.S. patent records in nanotechnoloy, we study the relationship between inventor mobility among firms and knowledge diffusion. We find evidence consistent with a story that, in one important nanotechnology subfield, when inventors move among firms they spread knowledge. In particular, we find that if we consider any two patents in the "Chemicals, misc." subclass, A and B, where A and B are assigned to different firms and where A is granted after B, patent A is more likely to cite patent B if the patent A firm employs an inventor who earlier worked for the patent B firm.
The GABA-Glutamate supramammillary–dorsal Dentate Gyrus pathway controls theta and gamma oscillations in the DG during paradoxical sleep

Several studies suggest that neurons from the lateral region of the SuM (SuML) innervating the dorsal dentate gyrus (DG) display a dual GABAergic and glutamatergic transmission and are specifically activated during paradoxical (REM) sleep (PS). The objective of the present study is to fully characterize the anatomical, neurochemical and electrophysiological properties of the SuML-DG projection neurons and to determine how they control DG oscillations and neuronal activation during PS and other vigilance states. For this purpose, we combine structural connectivity techniques using neurotropic viral vectors (rabies virus, AAV), neurochemical anatomy (immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization) and imaging (light, electron and confocal microscopy) with in vitro (patch clamp) and in vivo (LFP, EEG) optogenetic and electrophysiological recordings performed in transgenic VGLUT2-cre mice. At the cellular level, we show that the SuML-DG neurons co-releases GABA and glutamate on dentate granule cells and increase the activity of a subset of DG granule cells. At the network level, we show that the activation of the SuML-DG pathway increases theta power and frequency during PS as well as gamma power during PS and waking in the DG. At the behavioral level, we show that the activation of this pathway does not change animal behavior during PS, induces awakening during slow wave sleep and increases motor and exploratory activity during waking. These results suggest that the SuML-DG pathway is capable of supporting the increase of theta and gamma power in the DG observed during PS and plays an important modulatory role of DG network activity during this state.
FRACTIONAL ORDER FOURIER SPECTRA IN ROBOTIC MANIPULATORS WITH VIBRATIONS

Abstract This paper presents a fractional system perspective in the study of signals captured during impacts and vibrations of mechanical manipulators. In order to acquire and study the signals an experimental setup was developed. The system acquires data from the sensors, in real time, and, in a second phase, processes it through an analysis package. The experimental study provides useful information that can assist in the design of a control system to be used in eliminating or reducing the effect of vibrations.
Amplification of the Y1.7, Y1.8 and GAPDH genes for sex identification in human by using multiplex PCR

Prenatal embryo sexing was done using circulatory blood of pregnant women at early stages of pregnancy, before the 4 th month of pregnancy, in which 20 samples were obtained the objective of the study was to establish and evaluate multiplex PCR for detection of Y-chromosome – specific sequence of fetal DNA in maternal blood circulation during pregnancy in which identification of fetal gender become possible before the 4 th month of pregnancy , this pre-test can be used to determine whether invasive prenatal diagnosis , such as amniocentesis and chorionic villi sampling should be performed on a fetus having a risk of Xlinked recessive inheritance . the results of the study showed the appearance of a band with 57 bp (represent the primer GAPDH) In all samples which represented the control. The second band with the 100 bp (represent the primer Y1.7 and Y1.8) as well as the first band (57bp) appeared in male fetuses since it represent a gene found only on the Y chromosome . we concluded that the application of a noninvasive method like multiplex PCR by using maternal blood for embryo sex identification reveals a reliable and accurate method for prenatal diagnosis.
The Use of Secondary Source Data for Measuring Performance in Operations Management Research

Secondary data sources are invaluable resources for spurring the growth of the second generation of empirical science in operations management (OM), as attested by their rise in published work over the past several years. Researchers utilizing secondary data are, by definition, exploiting data which was not collected specifically for the research question under study. In this paper, we offer a summary of the advantages and shortcomings of using secondary source data in order to provide a road map for improving its use in scholarly OM empirical research. In doing so, we offer a critical review of secondary data measures that have been used to evaluate performance in the extant OM literature from 1990-2013, covering five top-tier OM journals. In addition, we discuss the most frequently used sources of secondary operational performance data, and also highlight rich data sources not yet utilized in published OM work. Further, we present a conceptual typology of secondary data types and sources. Finally, we provide several suggestions and offer guidance to OM researchers who are conducting or considering conducting research using secondary source data.
Traditional Motivation Theories and Older Engineers

Abstract There is a growing need to retain engineers in the workforce beyond traditional retirement age. However, little research has been conducted in the area of the motivation—and therefore retention and productivity—for these valuable employees. This article examines the responses from 29 engineers over the age of 55 regarding factors in the workplace and their effects on the retention and productivity of older engineers. These responses will be compared to traditional motivation theories.
Spatially inhomogeneous magnetic superconductors

We consider a problem of superconductivity coexistence with the spin-density-wave order in disordered multiband metals. It is assumed that random variations of the disorder potential on short length scales render the interactions between electrons to develop spatial correlations. As a consequence, both superconducting and magnetic order parameters become spatially inhomogeneous and are described by the universal phenomenological quantities, whereas all the microscopic details are encoded in the correlation function of the coupling strength fluctuations. We consider a minimal model with two nested two-dimensional Fermi surfaces and disorder potentials which include both intra- and inter-band scattering. The model is analyzed using the quasiclassical approach to show that short-scale pairing-potential disorder leads to a broadening of the coexistence region.
An efficient alternative approach to solve an assignment problem

There is a difficulty in assigning different resources to different tasks. Not all of them have an equal capacity to carry out certain tasks. Different entities have different capacity to complete a similar job and these different skills are expressed in terms of cost/profit/time associated with work performance. A specific type of problem with linear programming is the assignment problem. A new method has been developed in this paper to solve an assignment problem, which shows that this method provides an optimum result as well. The proposed approach has been illustrated with some numerical examples to demonstrate its effectiveness. The programming language of Python 3.8 was used to implement this novel approach.
Nature at Work

ISBN 978-90-365-3493-2 The current state-of-affairs in estuaries and coastal zones can be described as a tension between human activities and the preservation of natural habitats. The fulfilment of socioeconomic goals, such as the improvement of industrial or recreational infrastructure and the prevention of coastal flooding, is often seen as a threat to the environment and natural habitats. In combination, water infrastructure projects that include dredging, the European Union (EU) Natura 2000 network of protected areas and the estuaries and coasts in northwest Europe form a specific domain where such tensions are observable. This tension takes the form of judicial conflicts in national or European courts, and also of societal and political conflicts with resulting delays to and cancellations of water infrastructure projects.
Harnessing Mobile Technology for Classroom Learning

Educational institutions are reluctant adopt mobile computing and Wireless technologies. This is because this technology remains relatively expensive compared to traditional computing technologies, mobile devices are inherently personal and can be difficult to use as a teaching tool to groups of learners, and Short Message Services and Multimedia Message Services (SMS/MMS) are expensive and limited in functional scope despite their popularity amongst young people. In this paper, we describe a component of a prototype learning environment named 'Quest' where we propose a new way of harnessing mobile technology for learning that negates these drawbacks. In Quest we have demonstrated that the information gathering capabilities of mobile phones can be harnessed to aid learners' research.
System Safety: HAZOP and Software HAZOP

Introduction The Role of Hazard Identification in the Management of Safety An Overview of HAZOP Representations and Attributes The Study Initiator's Role in HAZOP Team Selection and the Roles of Team Members The Use of Guide Words Planning a HAZOP Study Conduct of a Meeting Recording, Signing-off and Follow-up Work Hazard Identification throughout the Life of a System Dealing with Particular Difficulties HAZOP of Human-centred Systems HAZOP of Systems in an Environment that Changes during Operation Example PES HAZOP Sessions Introduction, Auditing and Improvement of HAZOP.
The influence of transformers, induction motors and fault resistance regarding propagation voltage sags

This article presents an analysis of voltage sag propagation. The ATPDraw tool was selected for simulating the IEEE 34 node test feeder. It takes into account both voltage sags caused by electrical fault network, as well as voltage sag propagation characteristics caused by induction motor starting and transformer energising. The analysis was aimed at assessing the influence of transformer winding connections, the impedance of these transformers, lines and cables, summarising the effects on disturbance magnitude and phase. The study shows that the influence of an induction motor on voltage sag propagation results in increased voltage sag severity. Voltage sags caused by induction motor starting and transformer energising have no zero-sequence component, so they are only affected by type 3 transformers. The influence of fault resistance on voltage sag magnitude and phase characteristics is examined and some aspects of interest in characterising these electromagnetic disturbances is identified.
Buildings sector demand-side efficiency technology summaries

Author(s): Koomey, J.G. ; Johnson, F.X. ; Schuman, J.; Franconi, E. ; Greenberg, S. ; Lutz, J.D. ; Griffith, B.T. ; Arasteh, D. ; Atkinson, C. ; Heinemeier, K. ; Huang, Y.J.; Price, L. ; Rosenquist, G. ; Rubinstein, Francis M. ; Selkowitz, S.E. ; Taha, G. ; Turiel, I.
Management of the marketing mix, using models based on household level data

Using Models Based On Household Level Data by Arni G. Hauksson B.Sc. in Electrical Engineering, University of Iceland in Reykjavik (1992) Submitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Operations Research at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY February 1994 0 Arni G. Hauksson 1993. All rights reserved.
Ultrastable and Reversible Fluorescent Perovskite Films Used for Flexible Instantaneous Display

All‐inorganic halide perovskite materials are regarded as promising materials in information display applications owing to their tunable color, narrow emission peak, and easy processability. However, the photoluminescence (PL) stability of halide perovskite films is still inferior due to their poor thermal stability and hygroscopic properties. Herein, all‐inorganic perovskite films are prepared through vacuum thermal deposition method to enhance thermal and hygroscopic stability. By intentionally adding extra bromide source, a structure of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals embedded in a CsPb2Br5 matrix (CsPbBr3/CsPb2Br5) is formed via an air exposure process, leading to impressive PL stability in ambient atmosphere. In addition, the as‐fabricated CsPbBr3/CsPb2Br5 structure shows enhanced PL intensity due to the dielectric confinement. The CsPbBr3/CsPb2Br5 structure film can almost reserve its initial PL intensity after four months, even stored in ambient atmosphere. The PL intensity for CsPbBr3/CsPb2Br5 films vanishes at elevated temperature and recovers by cooling down in a short time. The reversible PL conversion process can be repeated over hundreds of times. Based on the reversible PL property, prototype thermal‐driven information display devices are demonstrated by employing heating circuits on flexible transparent substrates. These robust perovskite films with reversible PL characteristics promise an alternative solid‐state emitting display.
Detection and classification of submerged threats in very shallow water using the Quiet Interlude Processing System (QuIPS)

This paper describes the capabilities of the Quiet Interlude Processing System (QuIPS) in very shallow water (0 to 100 m) against undersea (mini subs, Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs), swimmer delivery vehicles (SDVs), etc.) and surface threats. QuIPS performs Matched Phase Matched Field Processing (MPMFP) in real time and data fuses contacts with nonacoustic, remotely sensed data and traditional plane wave acoustic data. No existing system has the capability to detect, classify, and track such threats in very shallow, noisy near shore and harbor environments where the acoustic arrivals at low frequencies are not plane wave.
Industrialization in the modern world : from the Industrial Revolution to the Internet

This unique two-volume work analyzes the Industrial Revolution from a global perspective and traces its influences up to the present day-encouraging students to rethink the significance of events past and present. * Enables students to analyze the causes and effects of industrialization * Takes a multidisciplinary approach that supports the National Standards for World History, as well as multicultural studies and business curricula * Allows for comparison and contrast of different industrializing societies in different eras * Helps readers make connections between the Industrial Revolution in Europe and the digital advances of today
Ant Colony Optimization with Local Search for Continuous Functions

Ant algorithms are a recently developed, population-based approach which was inspired by the observation of the behavior of ant colonies. Based on the ant colony optimization idea, we present a hybrid ant colony system (ACS) coupled with a pareto local search (PLS) algorithm, named PACS, and apply to the continuous functions optimization. The ACS makes firstly variable range into grid. In local search, we use the PLS to escape local optimum. Computational results for some benchmark problems demonstrate that the proposed approach has the high search superior solution ability.
An Efficient Deep Learning Approach to Pneumonia Classification in Healthcare

This study proposes a convolutional neural network model trained from scratch to classify and detect the presence of pneumonia from a collection of chest X-ray image samples. Unlike other methods that rely solely on transfer learning approaches or traditional handcrafted techniques to achieve a remarkable classification performance, we constructed a convolutional neural network model from scratch to extract features from a given chest X-ray image and classify it to determine if a person is infected with pneumonia. This model could help mitigate the reliability and interpretability challenges often faced when dealing with medical imagery. Unlike other deep learning classification tasks with sufficient image repository, it is difficult to obtain a large amount of pneumonia dataset for this classification task; therefore, we deployed several data augmentation algorithms to improve the validation and classification accuracy of the CNN model and achieved remarkable validation accuracy.
Progress in InP-based Photonic Components and Sub-systems for Digital Coherent Systems at 100Gbit/s and beyond

Digital coherent technology has enabled a new generation of WDM transmission systems with increased capacity and robust performance. We review recent progress in InP-based photonic components and sub-systems to enable cost-effective, compact and scalable new transceiver solutions for 100Gbit/s and beyond, and discuss future directions and challenges.
Koncepcja systemu wizyjnego do monitorowania procesów zgrzewania tarciowego

W artykule zaprezentowano koncepcj ę metody i systemu do monitorowania procesów zgrzewania tarciowego FSW z wykorzystaniem analizy obrazów w podczerwieni i pa śmie widzialnym. Termogramy pokazuj ące rozkład i zmiany temperatury w obr ębie zgrzeiny zawieraj ą kompleksowe informacje o przebiegu procesu zgrzewania tarciowego oraz o strukturze zgr zeiny. Poł ączona analiza obrazów zgrzeiny, zarejestrowanych za pomoc ą kamery termowizyjnej i kamery wizyjnej umożliwi monitorowanie on-line procesu zgrzewania tarci owego oraz detekcj ę wad powierzchniowych i podpowierzchniowych zgrzeiny. W artykule omówiono najważniejsze zagadnienia modelowania systemu wizyjnego i algorytmu inspekcji.
Mechanical work, efficiency and energy redistribution mechanisms in baseball pitching

Though baseball pitching is assumed to achieve proper technique in which a great deal of energy is imparted from the trunk to the throwing arm, through a kinetic chain of the entire body, few studies have answered the question of how segmental energy is generated/transferred by muscles and intersegmental joint forces. The purpose of this study was to calculate the mechanical energy produced by the individual joint moments or joint forces in throwing, and further breaking down the joint moments into their muscular and non-muscular interactive moments, assessing their contribution to the generation of mechanical energy. The pitching motion of eight collegiate baseball pitchers was measured using a three-dimensional motion capture system. A model including multiple segments and joints of the throwing arm, non-throwing arm and trunk was developed to establish the relationships between causal muscle work and distributed segmental energy. Using the model, the mechanical energy of each segment was decomposed into the muscular and non-muscular interactive components. The results showed that the kinetic energy of the throwing hand and ball at the ball release were primarily produced by the trunk backward/forward tilt and counterclockwise/clockwise rotation, while the contribution of the throwing shoulder external/internal rotation to the hand kinetic energy was relatively small. The centrifugal force was identified as a more important factor in energy transfer than other interactive components (Coriolis force and gyroscopic moment). In conclusion, the trunk flexor and rotator muscle power generated in an earlier phase provides the primary source to the consequent arm acceleration, and the energy redistribution mechanism due to the centrifugal-effect that transfers energy from the proximal segment to the distal one plays a more critical role in enhancing the distal arm kinetic energy than additional muscle work produced in a later phase.
On Ground

The key findings presented in the manuscript are that model and measurements agree fairly well, giving support to the simulations of the future scenarios. Cloud cover is generally decreasing, leading to increased solar radiation, apart from the high latitudes, where no significant changes are observed. UV trends are a combination of ozone changes (mostly ozone recovery), and cloud cover changes, while at high latitudes, decreased surface albedo in the second half of the next century have a significant influence on the surface UV radiation.