Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Non-supersymmetric solutions of string theory

Le sujet de cette these est l'etude de solutions non-supersymetriques de la theorie des cordes. Leur utilisation est d'une importance fondamentale dans une variete d'applications: dans la correspondance jauge/gravite, pour construire des duals de vides non-supersymetriques et des modeles de ``holographic gauge mediation''; en cosmologie, pour construire vides de de Sitter et etudier le probleme de la constante cosmologique; pour les trous noirs, pour construire leurs microetats. De facon plus generale, il est important d'etudier l'espace des solutions de la theorie des cordes et de comprendre ses structures mathematiques au-dela des simplifications qui decoulent de la supersymetrie. Nous etudions principalement des solutions dans la limite de supergravite. Nous construisons un vaste espace de perturbations non-supersymetriques autour de solutions de supergravite duals a des theories de jauge supersymetriques confinantes, dans quatre et trois dimensions. Nous procedons ensuite a une etude rigoureuse et detaillee d'une facon particuliere de briser la supersymetrie dans les compactifications avec flux, obtenu ajoutant des branes avec une charge de signe oppose par rapport aux flux. Nous decouvrons que la solution de supergravite correspondante est singuliere, et nous discutons en detail les possibles resolutions en theorie des cordes de cette singularite. Nous considerons ensuite les consequences de ces resultats pour l'existence des etats non-supersymetriques metastables dans les theories des champs duals et pour l'existence d'un grand ``landscape'' de vides de de Sitter en theorie des cordes.
Changing an organization’s legitimation story: navigating between the materiality of the past and the strategy for the future

ABSTRACT Previous research shows that entrepreneurs create stories about their new organizations to convince key audiences of their legitimacy. However, over time, stories can become misaligned with changed circumstances. While entrepreneurs may modify the stories with which they present their organization to cope with these changes, preserving the continuity of the foundational stories that ensured success in the first place is essential to avoid audiences’ scepticism or distrust. Thus I decided to pursue the following research question: how do entrepreneurs modify their organizations’ stories to face changed circumstances, while also preserving continuity? My study suggests that to ensure continuity in the story, entrepreneurs should propose new meanings to previous narrative elements; bring changes to the plot by establishing relational links that provide a plausible explanation for the transition between stories; and reformulate the interplay between past, present and future.
Sentiment Analysis for Hausa: Classifying Students’ Comments

We describe our work on sentiment analysis for Hausa, where we investigated monolingual and cross-lingual approaches to classify student comments in course evaluations. Furthermore, we propose a novel stemming algorithm to improve accuracy. For studies in this area, we collected a corpus of more than 40,000 comments—the Hausa-English Sentiment Analysis Corpus For Educational Environments (HESAC). Our results demonstrate that the monolingual approaches for Hausa sentiment analysis slightly outperform the cross-lingual systems. Using our stemming algorithm in the pre-processing even improved the best model resulting in 97.4% accuracy on HESAC.
Sperm as a Carrier of Genome Instability in Relation to Paternal Lifestyle and Nutritional Conditions

Endogenous and exogenous factors can severely affect the integrity of genetic information by inducing DNA damage and impairing genome stability. The extent to which men with and without subfertility are exposed to several adverse lifestyle factors and the impact on sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF), sperm chromatin maturity (condensation and decondensation), stability (hypo- and hypercondensation) and sperm aneuploidy are assessed in this study. Standardized assays employing flow cytometry were used to detect genome instability in 556 samples. Semen parameters deteriorated with age, BMI, increased physical activity and smoking. Age and BMI were associated with increased SDF. Increased BMI was associated with increased hypocondensed chromatin and decreased decondensed chromatin. Increase in age also caused an increase in sex chromosome aneuploidy in sperms. Surprisingly, alcohol abuse reduced chromatin hypercondensation and drug abuse reduced SDF. Although genome instability was more pronounced in the subfertile population as compared to the fertile group, the proportion of men with at least one lifestyle risk factor was the same in both the fertile and subfertile groups. While one in three benefited from nutritional supplementation, one in five showed an increase in SDF after supplementation. Whilst the message of ‘no smoking, no alcohol, no drugs, but a healthy diet’ should be offered as good health advice, we are a long way from concluding that nutritional supplementation would be beneficial for male fertility.
Regularized Spectral Spike Response Model: A Neuron Model for Robust Parameter Reduction

The modeling procedure of current biological neuron models is hindered by either hyperparameter optimization or overparameterization, which limits their application to a variety of biologically realistic tasks. This article proposes a novel neuron model called the Regularized Spectral Spike Response Model (RSSRM) to address these issues. The selection of hyperparameters is avoided by the model structure and fitting strategy, while the number of parameters is constrained by regularization techniques. Twenty firing simulation experiments indicate the superiority of RSSRM. In particular, after pruning more than 99% of its parameters, RSSRM with 100 parameters achieves an RMSE of 5.632 in membrane potential prediction, a VRD of 47.219, and an F1-score of 0.95 in spike train forecasting with correct timing (±1.4 ms), which are 25%, 99%, 55%, and 24% better than the average of other neuron models with the same number of parameters in RMSE, VRD, F1-score, and correct timing, respectively. Moreover, RSSRM with 100 parameters achieves a memory use of 10 KB and a runtime of 1 ms during inference, which is more efficient than the Izhikevich model.
A Size-Cuttable, Skin-Interactive Wearable Sensor for Digital Deciphering of Epidermis Wavy Deformation

Body shape and curvature are vital criteria for judging health. However, few studies exist on the curvature of the body. We present a skin-interactive electronic sticker that digitally decodes the epidermis deformation in a hybrid cartridge format (disposable bandages and non-disposable kits). The device consists of two functional modes: (1) as a thin electronic sticker of 76 μm thickness and a node pitch of 7.45 mm for the measurement of body curvature in static mode, and (2) as a wrist bandage for the deciphering of skin wave fluctuations into a colored core-line map in dynamic mode. This method has high detection sensitivity in the static mode and high accuracy of 0.986 in the dynamic mode, resulting in an F1 score of 0.966 in testing by feedforward deep learning. The results show that the device can decipher 32 delicate finger folding gestures by measuring skin depths and positions via image segmentation, leading to an optimal core line in a color map. This approach can help provide a better understanding of skin wave deflection and fluctuations for potential wearable applications, such as in delicate skin-related gesture control in the metaverse, rehabilitation programs for the brain-degenerate, and as a detector of biophysical state relating to body shape and curvature in the field of digital medicine.
Do We Underestimate Colorectal Cancer Patients Under 50?

Introduction: Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) accounts for approximately 10% of all colorectal cancers (CRCs). EOCRC has a certain hereditary predisposition and distinct clinicopathological and molecular features compared to the traditional average-onset of colorectal cancer (AOCRC). As previous publications have shown, EOCRC has a more advanced TNM stage and a more aggressive tumor histopathology. Aim: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the differences and similarities of EOCRC compared to AOCRC based on clinicopathological characteristics. Material and methods: Between January 2010 and December 2020, 394 patients with inclusion criteria who were operated on at the 3rd level health center for colorectal cancer were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups as EOCRC (50 years and under) and AOCRC. Pearson's chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables in independent groups. In addition, logistic regression analysis was performed using the Backward method with the variables whose relationship with the age group was evaluated, with P < 0.100. Results: Our final analysis included 80 EOCRC cases and 314 controls. When the EOCRC group was compared with the AOCRC group, there was no statistically significant difference between gender, tumor location, T stage of the tumor, and survival (P = 0.190, P = 0.924, P = 0.165, P = 0.574). However, a statistically significant difference in the N stage, degree of differentiation, lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and perineural invasion (PNI) status, and P-values were: P = 0.006, P = 0.029, P = 0.019, and P = 0.003, respectively. Conclusion: EOCRC has more aggressive tumor biology than AOCRC. Our study shows that more advanced N stage, poor differentiation, tumor deposits, LVI, and PNI are seen more frequently in EOCRC.
Practical Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Glaucoma Diagnosis

Purpose By comparing the performance of different models between artificial intelligence (AI) and doctors, we aim to evaluate and identify the optimal model for future usage of AI. Methods A total of 500 fundus images of glaucoma and 500 fundus images of normal eyes were collected and randomly divided into five groups, with each group corresponding to one round. The AI system provided diagnostic suggestions for each image. Four doctors provided diagnoses without the assistance of the AI in the first round and with the assistance of the AI in the second and third rounds. In the fourth round, doctor B and doctor D made diagnoses with the help of the AI and the other two doctors without the help of the AI. In the last round, doctor A and doctor B made diagnoses with the help of AI and the other two doctors without the help of the AI. Results Doctor A, doctor B, and doctor D had a higher accuracy in the diagnosis of glaucoma with the assistance of AI in the second (p=0.036, p=0.003, and p ≤ 0.000) and the third round (p=0.021, p ≤ 0.000, and p ≤ 0.000) than in the first round. The accuracy of at least one doctor was higher than that of AI in the second and third rounds, in spite of no detectable significance (p=0.283, p=0.727, p=0.344, and p=0.508). The four doctors' overall accuracy (p=0.004 and p ≤ 0.000) and sensitivity (p=0.006 and p ≤ 0.000) as a whole were significantly improved in the second and third rounds. Conclusions This “Doctor + AI” model can clarify the role of doctors and AI in medical responsibility and ensure the safety of patients, and importantly, this model shows great potential and application prospects.
Outcomes and Prognostic Factors of Patients with Urothelial Carcinoma Undergoing Radical Cystectomy and pT0 in the Final Histology Without Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Purpose Absence of tumor in the final histopathology after radical cystectomy (RC) is a rare but potentially favorable outcome. Therefore, we aimed to analyze outcomes and prognostic factors of patients with urothelial carcinoma (UC) undergoing RC and T0 in the final histology without neoadjuvant chemotherapy at a high-volume academic center. Patients and Methods We retrospectively analyzed patients undergoing RC for pure UC between 2004 and 2020. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated using Kaplan–Meier analysis and group comparison by Log rank test. Potential prognostic factors were analyzed using univariate Cox regression models. Results A total of 1051 patients with UC underwent RC. 72 patients (6.7%) showed pT0 in the final histology. Across all T-stages, 5-year CSS was significantly different with 88% for pT0, 80% for pTa/pTis, 78% for pT1, 76% for pT2, 51% for pT3 and 27% for pT4 in our cohort (p=0.001). Neither instillation therapy (HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.07–1.43), number of TURB prior RC (HR 1.47, 95% CI 0.25–6.18), use of photodynamic diagnostics (PDD) (HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.14–3.02), performing a second resection (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.27–2.86), muscle-invasive disease prior RC at any TURB (HR 0.7, 95% CI 0.2–2.39) or muscle-invasive disease in the TURB prior RC (HR 1.0, 0.31–3.29) were associated with CSS in univariate analysis. Conclusion pT0 reveals a survival benefit in patients undergoing RC for UC and therefore presents a distinctive tumor entity. As clinical and cystoscopic characteristics do not improve patient stratification, further research is warranted to define risk groups in this specific tumor entity.
Assessment of the Impact of a Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel on Hospital Length of Stay: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Meningitis and encephalitis are central nervous system infections with considerable morbidity and mortality. The BioFire® FilmArray® Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel (multiplex ME panel) can identify pathogens rapidly potentially aiding in targeted therapy and curtail antimicrobial exposure. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized the literature on the association between the multiplex ME panel and length of hospital stay (LOS), length of acyclovir therapy, and days with antibiotics. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched. Only studies presenting novel data were retained. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to assess the impact of the multiplex ME panel on outcomes. Of 169 retrieved publications, 13 met the criteria for inclusion. Patients tested with the multiplex ME panel had a reduction in the average LOS (mean difference [MD] [95% CI]: −1.20 days [−1.96, −0.44], n = 11 studies). Use of the multiplex ME panel was also associated with a reduction in the length of acyclovir therapy (MD [95% CI]: −1.14 days [−1.78, −0.50], n = 7 studies) and a nonsignificant reduction in the average number of days with antibiotics (MD [95% CI]: −1.01 days [−2.39, 0.37], n = 6 studies). The rapidity of pathogen identification contributes to an overall reduced LOS, reductions in the duration of empiric antiviral utilization, and a nonsignificant reduction in antibiotic therapy.
Aqueous-Based Synthesis of Photocatalytic Copper Sulfide Using Sulfur Waste as Sulfurizing Agent

Most of the copper sulfide synthetic approaches developed until now are still facing issues in their procedure, such as long synthesis duration, high energetic consumption, and high implementation costs. This publication reports a facile and sustainable approach for synthesizing copper sulfides on a large scale. In particular, an industrial by-product of sulfur waste was used as a sulfurizing agent for copper sulfide synthesis in a water medium. The reaction was performed in the hydrothermal environment by following a novel proposed mechanism of copper sulfide formation. The investigation of morphological and optical properties revealed that the target products obtained by using waste possess the resembling properties as the ones synthesized from the most conventional sulfurizing agent. Since the determined band gap of synthesis products varied from 1.72 to 1.81 eV, the photocatalytic properties, triggered under visible light irradiation, were also investigated by degrading the methylene blue as a model pollutant. Importantly, the degradation efficiency of the copper sulfide synthesized from sulfur waste was equivalent to a sample obtained from a reference sulfurizing agent since the value for both samples was 96% in 180 min. This very simple synthetic approach opens up a new way for large-scale sustainable production of visible-light-driven photocatalysts for water purification from organic pollutants.
Therapeutic Effect of Regional Chemotherapy in Diffuse Metastatic Cholangiocarcinoma

Simple Summary Cholangiocarcinoma are mostly diagnosed at a late stage and early recurrence is also very common with 5-year survival rates of <5% in unresectable, and 33% in resectable disease. Systemic therapy options are limited with unsatisfactory outcome. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of regional chemotherapy in diffuse metastatic cholangiocarcinoma. In 36 diffuse metastatic cholangiocarcinoma patients 189 cycles of regional chemotherapy using arterial infusion and perfusion techniques have been applied. Regional chemotherapy provided an excellent outcome with a median therapy specific survival of 12 months. Regional chemotherapy is effective and superior to current available and proposed therapy options in diffuse metastatic cholangiocarcinoma. Abstract Background: Current therapeutic options in diffuse metastatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCC) are limited with unsatisfactory results. We evaluated the efficacy of regional chemotherapy (RegCTx) using arterial infusion (AI), hypoxic stop-flow abdominal perfusion (HAP), upper abdominal perfusion (UAP) and isolated-thoracic perfusion (ITP) in 36 patients with metastatic perihilar and intrahepatic CCC. Methods: Ten patients had previously undergone a liver resection and in 14 patients the previous systemic chemotherapy (sCTx) approach had failed. A total of 189 RegCTx cycles (90 AI, 74 UAP, 13 HAP and 12 ITP) were applied using cisplatin alone or with Adriamycin and Mitomycin C. A minimum of three cycles were applied in 75% of the study population. The response was evaluated using RECIST criteria with MediasStat 28.5. 14. Mortality, morbidity and survival analysis were performed using a prospective follow-up database and SPSS–28.0. Results: No procedure related mortality occurred. The overall morbidity was 56% and dominated by lymph fistulas at the inguinal access site. No grade III or IV haematological complication occurred. The overall response rate was 38% partial response, 41% stable and 21% progressive disease. Median overall survival was 23 months (95%CI 16.3–29.7). The RegCTx specific survival was 12 months (95%CI 6.5–17.5) in completely therapy naive patients but also in patients who had failed a sCTx attempt previously. Conclusion: RegCTx is feasible, safe and superior to the current proposed therapeutic options in metastatic CCC. The role of RegCTx should be determined in a larger cohort of diffuse metastatic CCC patients but also at early stages especially in initially not resectable but potentially resectable patients.
Polarimetric SAR Calibration

A polarimetric radar system measures the scattered power from the terrain being imaged. Before these measurements are useful for further quantitative analysis and comparison to models, the measured power values must be converted to normalized radar cross-sections. Polarimetric radar measurements require additional corrections: not only the amplitudes, but the relative phases between channels must also be calibrated. In this Chapter, we shall examine the steps required to calibrate polarimetric radar measurements in detail.
Hysteresis Loop Effect on Intensity for Horizontal and Vertical Polarization by Optical Feedback

The effect of optical feedback on hysteresis loop (HL) is investigated. Hysteresis loop occurs between two eigenstates of the He-Ne laser (x , y) and it changes by optical feedback at angles from 0° to 180°. Hysteresis loop size decreases and increases with the rotation angle (θ) of the polarization. Hysteresis loop effects on vertical ( ⊥ ) and horizontal (//) polarization and the intensity for two eigenstates. When HL size increases, then the intensity (I ⊥ or I // ) decreases vice versa clear. Best results at 70-110 angles from the external cavity (optical feedback cavity), whereas the intensity very high and HL disappear.
Effectivity of Spodoptera littoralis Nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliMNPV) and Natural Additives Mixtures against Spodoptera litura Fab. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Cabbage Plants

Armyworm (Spodoptera litura Fab.) is one of the agricultural pests that can cause huge losses especially for Indonesian farmers because it is damaging various crops, especially cabbage (Brassica oleifera L.). Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliMNPV) is one of the biological agent which is effective for the management of the Spodoptera litura. However, because of UV radiation it easily degraded when applied in the fields. This study was aimed to determine the effectivity of several indigenous plants for UV protectant of SpliMNPV for controlling armyworm at greenhouse scale. Extracts of 2% (w/v) of turmeric rhizome, red betel leaf, moringa leaf, and clove flower, were formulated with SpliMNPV and sprayed evenly onto two-month- old cabbages. The experiment used five replicates with six periods of sunlight exposures (0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 15 days). A commercial product of deltamethrin was used as a comparison. The sprayed leaves were then used as a bioassay by using 25 individuals of one day old 1st larval instar by five replicates. The results showed that the turmeric additive was the most effective as a UV protectant and effectively prolonged the half-life of SpliMNPV to 4.12 days, while for clove, moringa leaf, and red betel was 2.48, 2.15, and 2.28 days, respectively.
Association of 25(OH)D levels in pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus

This study evaluate the association of 25 (OH)D levels in pregnancy with GDM as a case group (n=31) and without GDM as a control group (n=31), and the association between levels of 25 (OH)D in pregnancy with OGCT 50g and OGTT 100g fasting, 1 hour, 2 hours, and 3 hours. This study is an unmatching hospital-based case-control at Dr. Soetomo and Airlangga University hospital Surabaya from February 2022 to May 2022, GDM was diagnosed according to the ADA guidelines. Vitamin D status was defined as, levels of 25 (OH)D normal (30-100 ng/mL), insufficiency (20-29.9 ng/mL), deficiency (<20 ng/mL). The mean serum 25(OH)D level was lower in case group 14.7 + 4.09 ng/mL compared to that in control group 28.9 + 9.10 ng/mL. There was a significant association between 25(OH)D levels and GDM (p=0.001). Samples with deficiency 25(OH)D 11.94 times that increases the risk of developing GDM. There was a significant association between 25(OH)D levels and OGCT 50g levels (p=0.001). There was no significant association between 25(OH)D levels with OGTT levels of 100g fasting (p=0.747), 1 hour (p=0.148), 2 hours (p=1,000), and 3 hours (p=0.469).
Detection of Structural Variants by NGS: Revealing Missing Alleles in Lysosomal Storage Diseases

Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a heterogeneous group of rare multisystem metabolic disorders occurring mostly in infancy and childhood, characterized by a gradual accumulation of non-degraded substrates inside the cells. Although biochemical enzymatic assays are considered the gold standard for diagnosis of symptomatic patients, genotyping is a requirement for inclusion in enzyme replacement programs and is a prerequisite for carrier tests in relatives and DNA-based prenatal diagnosis. The emerging next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies are now offering a powerful diagnostic tool for genotyping LSDs patients by providing faster, cheaper, and higher-resolution testing options, and are allowing to unravel, in a single integrated workflow SNVs, small insertions and deletions (indels), as well as major structural variations (SVs) responsible for the pathology. Here, we summarize the current knowledge about the most recurrent and private SVs involving LSDs-related genes, review advantages and drawbacks related to the use of the NGS in the SVs detection, and discuss the challenges to bring this type of analysis in clinical diagnostics.