Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Toxoplasmosis Immunity Status of Blood Donors in Sidi Bel Abbès, West Algeria

Background Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease. It is due to an obligate intracellular protozoan called Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). Felids are considered definitive hosts, and humans take part as intermediate hosts. At least one-third of the world’s population is seropositive to the parasite. In addition, to the known modes of transmission, the infection can be transmitted through blood transfusions. The aim of this study is to assess the immune status of blood donors about this disease and estimate the potential risk by blood components. Methodology A single cross-sectional study was conducted based on the search for T. gondii antibodies (IgG and IgM) in blood donors. This research was performed using a latex particle agglutination assay confirmed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results In all, 103 blood donors were involved in this study. The sex ratio of male/ female was 0.75. The recorded rate of exposure to toxoplasmosis in blood donors was 47.7% (95% CI: 35.1-54.3). Significant differences were observed between the prevalence and those of other African countries in West, East, and Central Africa, but not with those of Algerian pregnant women and neighboring North African countries. There was no association between T. gondii seropositivity and the following factors: sex, age, and blood group ABO or Rhesus. Antitoxoplasma IgG was detectable in all positive donors, while IgM was undetectable. All seropositive donors had an IgG titer ≥9 IU/ml. The potential risk of T. gondii transmission ranges from 1 per 100,000 to 17 per 100,000 blood donations. Conclusion The seroprevalence of T. gondii infection was comparable to those found in Algerian pregnant women and neighboring North African countries. However, the seroprevalence rate was lower than recorded in other African countries. There is even a risk of transmission of toxoplasmosis through blood transfusions. There is a need to enhance blood safety measures for pregnant, immunocompromised, and multi-transfused people. As the immune status of blood donors may vary by region, there is a need to extend the national studies to the entire country. This study provides the first data on the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection among Algerian blood donors and the risk of its transmission by transfusion of blood components.
Dirac fermion model associated with a second-order topological insulator

We study topological aspects of a Dirac fermion coupled with a Higgs field associated with the lattice model introduced by Benalcazar et al. [Science 357, 61 (2017)] which has the topological quadrupole phase. Using the index theorem, we show that the index of the Hamiltonian is just given by the winding number of the Higgs field, implying that a corner state of the lattice model belongs to the same class of the Jackiw-Rossi states localized at a vortex. We also calculate the current density of the Dirac fermion with a symmetry-breaking term dependent on time, which is associated with the dipole pump proposed by Benalcazar et al. We argue that the total pumped charge is given by an integer related with the index.
HPTLC Method for Quantitative Determination of Gallic Acid in Hydroalcoholic Extract of Dried Flowers of Nymphaea Stellata Willd.

A sensitive and reliable high performance thin layer chromatographic method has been developed for quantitation of gallic acid in the dried flowers of Nymphaea stellata willd. The hydroalcoholic extract of N. stellata was chromatographed on silica gel 60 F254 plates with chloroform: ethyl acetate: formic acid, 7.5: 6: 0.5 (v/v/v), as mobile phase. Detection and quantitation were performed by densitrometric scanning at A= 292 nm, by using deuterium lamp. The accuracy of the method was checked by conducting recovery studies at three different levels, using the standard addition method. The average recovery of gallic acid was found to be 98.33%. The proposed HPTLC method provide a good resolution of gallic acid from other constituents present in hydroalcoholic extract of dried flowers of N. stellata and can be used for quantitation of gallic acid present in extract. The method is rapid, simple and precise.
Comparative analysis of the SVJJ and the Hyperbolic models on the Swedish market

In this thesis we investigate and compare two recently developed models of the option valuation according to the Swedish market. The first model is the Stochastic Volatility model with jumps in the stock price and the volatility (SVJJ) and the second is the Hyperbolic model. First of all we make brief introduction about the valuation of derivatives and considered models. Then we introduce methods for the estimation of parameters for each model. To solve this problem for the SVJJ model we use the Empirical Characteristic Function Estimation and for the Hyperbolic we use the Maximum Likelihood Method. Before explicit calculations (with estimated parameters) we describe the derivation of the pricing formula which is based on characteristic functions and densities. In conclusion we made numerical valuations of the call option prices for the OMXS30 index on the Swedish Stock Exchange. The main idea of this thesis is to compare 2 different models using numerical methods and the real data sets. To achieve this goal we firstly, compare the empirical characteristic function obtained from the market and the analytical ones for estimated parameters in case of both models. Secondly, we make a comparison of calculated call option prices and produce the summary.
Deep View of HCC Gene Expression Signatures and Their Comparison with Other Cancers

Simple Summary There is a huge gap between the numerous HCC gene signatures and the fact that no one HCC signature has successfully entered clinical practice. The purpose of this study is to explore the specificity of public signatures to HCC as this may be critical for clinical application. For this, we evaluated public HCC signatures using a comparative transcriptomics profiling approach and showed that specificity of current HCC signatures remains challenging, demonstrating the need of standards in gene signature generation and tissue/RNA preparation. Abstract Background: Gene expression signatures correlate genetic alterations with specific clinical features, providing the potential for clinical usage. A plethora of HCC-dependent gene signatures have been developed in the last two decades. However, none of them has made its way into clinical practice. Thus, we investigated the specificity of public gene signatures to HCC by establishing a comparative transcriptomic analysis, as this may be essential for clinical applications. Methods: We collected 10 public HCC gene signatures and evaluated them by utilizing four different (commercial and non-commercial) gene expression profile comparison tools: Oncomine Premium, SigCom LINCS, ProfileChaser (modified version), and GENEVA, which can assign similar pre-analyzed profiles of patients with tumors or cancer cell lines to our gene signatures of interests. Among the query results of each tool, different cancer entities were screened. In addition, seven breast and colorectal cancer gene signatures were included in order to further challenge tumor specificity of gene expression signatures. Results: Although the specificity of the evaluated HCC gene signatures varied considerably, none of the gene signatures showed strict specificity to HCC. All gene signatures exhibited potential significant specificity to other cancers, particularly for colorectal and breast cancer. Since signature specificity proved challenging, we furthermore investigated common core genes and overlapping enriched pathways among all gene signatures, which, however, showed no or only very little overlap, respectively. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that specificity, independent validation, and clinical use of HCC genetic signatures solely relying on gene expression remains challenging. Furthermore, our work made clear that standards in signature generation and statistical methods but potentially also in tissue preparation are urgently needed.
Let IoT Know You Better: User Identification and Emotion Recognition Through Millimeter-Wave Sensing

Emotion recognition, particularly contactless recognition via wireless sensing, has shown its promise in diverse applications. However, the previous works only focus on emotions rather than the person, i.e., the premise is already knowing who the subject is, without considering the issue of identifying subjects. We envision that user identification and emotion recognition together will bring more adaptive and personalized Internet of Things applications, e.g., a smart home system can react to specific emotions of a specific user, independently. In this work, we move forward to investigate the problem of simultaneous user identification, using only physiological indicators embedded in wireless signals reflected off from targets. Toward the objective, in this article, we first carry out a comprehensive measurement study, which validates the feasibility of simultaneous user identification and emotion recognition. Moreover, the measurement also discovers that the key challenge lies in the limitation of artificial features and the substantial emotion feature deviation across different days, which hinders accurate and robust sensing. To resolve the challenge, we design two multiscale neural networks, incorporated with a custom-built feature attention mechanism, so as to obtain rich feature expression and, thus, enhance the important features for accurate recognition. We prototype mmEMO using a commercial off-the-shelf millimeter-wave radar and experimental evaluation shows that mmEMO can achieve 87.68% user identification accuracy and 80.59% emotion recognition accuracy, respectively.
Dynamic Multiscale Information Spillover among Crude Oil Time Series

This study investigated information spillovers across crude oil time series at different time scales, using a network combined with a wavelet transform. It can detect the oil price, which plays an important role in the dynamic process of spillovers, and it can also analyze the dynamic feature of systematic risk based on entropy at different scales. The results indicate that the network structure changes with time, and the important roles of an oil price can be identified. WTI and Brent act as important spillover transmitters, and other prices are important spillover receivers at a scale. With the increase in time scale, both the number of neighbors and the importance of spillovers of Brent and WTI as spillover transmitters show downward trends. The importance for spillovers of China–Shengli and Dubai as spillover receivers shows a downward trend. This paper provides new evidence for explaining WTI and Brent as global benchmark oil prices. In addition, systematic risk is time-varying, and it is smaller at short-term scale than at long-term scale. The trend of systematic risk is also discussed when typical oil-related events occur. This paper provides a new perspective for exploring dynamic spillovers and systematic risk that offers important implications for policymakers and market investors.
Optimal Positioning of Hovering UAV Relays for Mitigation of Pointing Error in Free-Space Optical Communications

The relay positions or hop distances in a multi-hop relaying scheme is an important parameter that can be optimized in order to mitigate the angle-of-arrival variance or pointing error in a free-space optical (FSO) backhaul link. In this study, we have optimized the relay positions for amplify-and-forward and decode-and-forward relays in a multi-hop unmanned aerial vehicle-based relaying scheme for FSO. Particularly, we have shown that a significant performance improvement may be achieved by optimizing the outage probability as a function of the hop distance for amplify-and-forward relays when the relays are constrained by a finite power gain. Additionally, we have discovered that for a low signal-to-noise ratio channel, the optimal hop distance of a particular hop for decode-and-forward relays is inversely proportional to angle-of-arrival variance in that hop.
Nutritional Profile, Processing and Potential Products: A Comparative Review of Goat Milk

Goat milk contains an abundance of different macro and micro-nutrients. Compared with other milk, goat milk is a viable option due to its low allergy levels and is preferred for infants with cow milk allergies. A wide variety of goat milk-based products, including yoghurt, ice cream, fermented milk, and cheese, are available on the market. They are produced using effective processing technology and are known to exhibit numerous health benefits after consumption. However, goat milk consumption is limited in many nations (compared with cow, buffalo, camel, and sheep milk) due to a lack of awareness of its nutritional composition and the significance of its different byproducts. This review provides a detailed explanation of the various macronutrients that may be present, with special attention paid to each component, its purpose, and the health benefits it offers. It also compares goat milk with milk from other species in terms of its superiority and nutritional content, as well as the types, production methods, health advantages, and other beneficial properties of the various goat milk products that are currently available on the market.
An Effective $z$-Stretching Adaptive Finite Difference Method for Paraxial Light Beam Propagation Simulations

A new $z$-stretching finite difference method is established for simulating the paraxial light beam propagation through a lens in a cylindrically symmetric domain. By introducing proper domain transformations, we solve corresponding difference approximations on a uniform grid in the computational space for great efficiency. A specialized matrix analysis method is constructed to study the numerical stability. Interesting computational results are presented.
Effect of Fine Motor Skill activities on Handwriting of Low Achiever Students and High Achiever Students at Elementary Level in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

This study was carried out to find the Effect of fine motor skill activities on handwriting of low achiever students and high achiever students at elementary level in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. In developing writing, the students are required to learn fine motor skills while working firsts in groups and then independently. With accurate fine motor skills, the students can increase their writing. That is why the researcher conducted this experimental study to get the hypotheses tested. For this purpose two teaching-learning techniques. Lecture demonstration method and teaching motor skill activities were used. Both the groups were treated to observe the desirable impact of fine motor skills on writing of Kindergarten class students. The sample for such study was taken from Girls Primary School Pabbi Nowshera. The subjects were divided into Control and Experimental groups on the basis of pre-test. Both the groups were given treatment to investigate: (i) Effects of fine motor skills on writing of low achievers students, (ii) Effect of fine motor skills on writing of high achievers students, (iii) to compare the effect of fine motor skills on writing of both low achievers and high achievers students. At the end of the treatment/interventions activity, a Post– Test was conducted to the sample. The numerical data thus collected was analyzed and interpreted by implying statistical tools.
Attitudes, Perceptions and Practices of Influenza Vaccination in the Adult Population: Results of a Cross-Sectional Survey in Spain

In Spain, the 2021/22 influenza season overlapped with the sixth wave of the 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19). Influenza is a major public health problem associated with high morbidity and mortality. The objectives of this study were to determine the knowledge, perceptions and practices of influenza vaccination in the Spanish population, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic, with special attention paid to people over 65 years of age. A cross-sectional study was carried out by conducting 2211 telephone interviews. It was observed that 81.6% of people ≥ 65 years were vaccinated annually or with some frequency compared to 35.5% of those under 65 years (p < 0.001). Fifty percent of Spaniards showed an intention to be vaccinated in the 2021/22 campaign, during the SARS-CoV2 pandemic. In the case of people ≥ 65 years old, this figure was 83% compared to 42% of those under 65 years old (p < 0.001). Significant predictors of intention to be vaccinated were age of 65 years or older (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3–2.5), female sex (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.5–2.4), belonging to risk groups (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.6–3.1) and having been previously vaccinated (OR 29.7, 95% CI 22.5–39.2). The main reasons for deciding to be vaccinated were the need to be protected against the virus and to be vaccinated annually. On the other hand, lack of recommendation and considering the influenza vaccine as not necessary were the main reasons for not getting vaccinated. In addition, health personnel stood out as the main source of information (32.9%) compared to traditional media (26.9%) and public administration (12.3%). This study aimed to assess and analyse the factors influencing willingness to receive influenza vaccines in the COVID-19 era among Spanish adults, as well as the main information channels and strategies to encourage vaccination.
Impact of Tolerance on Attention and Perceived Pain

Tolerance, Attention and Perceived Pain have always been seen sharing some kind of relationship between them in such a way that either increase in one variable leads to the increased intensity of other or the other variable influences the first variable leading to some or the other thing. The study aimed at exploring the relationship between Tolerance Level, Attention and Tolerance Level and Perceived Pain. Two hypotheses pertaining to the same were postulated and tested using McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ-SCF), The Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), and Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) respectively. The sample comprised of 112 young adults (age 18-25) from Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Data was gathered through convenience sampling technique of data collection. A correlational research design was used to conduct the study. The analysis on the basis of statistical values was done using Correlational Analysis. The results of the study indicated that Tolerance level influences Attention in a low positive manner. The findings pertaining to the second hypothesis stated that Tolerance level share a very low positive relationship with Perceived Pain as well. Overall, it can be inferred by the result that Tolerance level has a positive impact on both the variables (Attention and Perceived Pain) respectively which means increase in the level of tolerance would lead to increased attention and perceived pain or vice versa.
Genome-Wide Population Structure Analysis and Genetic Diversity Detection of Four Chinese Indigenous Duck Breeds from Fujian Province

Simple Summary The aim of this study was to conduct a genome-wide comparative analysis of four indigenous Chinese duck breeds (Jinding, Liancheng white, Putian black, and Shanma ducks) from Fujian Province, to understand their genetic diversity and population structure. Population parameters showed that the four indigenous breeds were separated groups. Five genomic regions are presented as hotspots of autozygosity among these indigenous duck breeds, with candidate genes involved in muscle growth, pigmentation, and neuroregulation. Genomic information may play a vital role in the improvement of conservation strategies. Abstract The assessment of population genetic structure is the basis for understanding the genetic information of indigenous breeds and is important for the protection and management of indigenous breeds. However, the population genetic differentiation of many local breeds still remains unclear. Here, we performed a genome-wide comparative analysis of Jinding, Liancheng white, Putian black, and Shanma ducks based on the genomic sequences using RAD sequencing to understand their population structure and genetic diversity. The population parameters showed that there were obvious genetic differences among the four indigenous breeds, which were separated groups. Among them, Liancheng white and Shanma ducks may come from the same ancestor because the phylogenetic tree forms three tree trunks. In addition, during the runs of homozygosity (ROH), we found that the average inbreeding coefficient of Liancheng white and Putian black ducks was the lowest and the highest, respectively. Five genomic regions were considered to be the hotspots of autozygosity among these indigenous duck breeds, and the candidate genes involved a variety of potential variations, such as muscle growth, pigmentation, and neuroregulation. These findings provide insights into the further improvement and conservation of Fujian duck breeds.
Asynchronous Evolution of Pairs - How spatial evolution leads to inequality

We present a simple model of spatial evolution that avoids several problems that arise with more complex networks of players. We consider a world where pairs of players are matched forever. These players learn from the whole population but they are more likely to learn to strategies used by their partners. Thus, several features of spatial evolution are captured while nonlinearities that would arise with more complex networks are avoided. We can identify characteristics of evolution in networks such as stable cooperation in prisoners' dilemma games and long run exploitation among different strategies. We further discuss evolution of repeated game strategies in this framework comparing synchronous models with asynchronous ones.
Design and simulation analysis of 5G communication patch antenna

At present, 5G communication technology is developing rapidly, but there are still many defects in the development. In order to solve the problem of low gain and efficiency of 5G patch antenna, a millimeter wave microstrip patch antenna for 5G communication is designed in this paper, which can make better use of communication channel and frequency and improve the performance of the antenna to a certain extent. The initial antenna design parameters were obtained according to the relevant calculation formula, but the initial simulation results failed to reach the best performance. After optimizing the design and adjusting the parameters, better gain and return loss are obtained, and the result which is best is obtained. The software for simulation used in this design is CST, which shows the antenna simulation model and the change of input echo parameters and impedance. The embedded feed antenna of 10mm×10mm chooses N257 frequency band, with a bandwidth of 100MHz and a patch size of 5.835mm×3.89mm. The gain, return loss and radiation at 26GHz are analyzed by simulation. The design is linearly polarized, which is easier and simpler to construct, and has a stable radiation pattern. The results show that the designed antenna is befitting for 5G millimeter wave band and has high application value, which provides a reflection for the development of 5G patch antenna.