Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stability of Triangular Points of the Generalized Photogravitational Robes Restricted Three-Body Problem

The linear stability of the triangular points was studied for the Robes restricted three-body problem when the bigger primary (rigid shell) is oblate spheroid and the second primary is radiating. The critical mass obtained depends on the oblateness of the rigid shell and radiation of the second primary as well as the density parameter k. The stability of the triangular points depends largely on the values of k. The destabilizing tendencies of the oblateness and radiation factors were enhanced when k > 0 and weakened for k .
Global warping coefficients for improving ATSR co-registration

Globally applicable warping coefficients for improving the co-registration between the forward and nadir views of the series of Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (ATSR) instruments are presented. The coefficients are derived from a polynomial-based warp, using a least squares fit on a set of automatically detected forward to nadir tie points. In-depth statistical analysis is presented here covering both an independent analysis of the warping coefficients using the Pyramidal-Gotcha algorithm and a global assessment using the Speeded Up Robust Features tie-pointing algorithm. This independent assessment shows that the co-registration between the nadir and forward views improves in all cases to pixel-level accuracy with geometric errors to, at worst, ±0.7 pixel. This global assessment analyses a worldwide distributed tie-point set to assess universal applicability. For Advanced ATSR and ATSR-1, the coefficients provide co-registration accuracies at the pixel level globally. The same is shown to be true for ATSR-2 prior to the gyroscope failure in January 2000.
Olfactory Evaluation in Clinical Medical Practice

The subjective and demanding nature of olfactory testing means that it is often neglected in clinic despite loss of smell leading to significant limitations in everyday life. The list of diseases associated with loss of olfaction far exceeds the field of otorhinolaryngology and can also be seen in neurodegenerative disorders. Knowledge of possible clinical testing is essential to determine a proper differential diagnosis for the loss of olfactory sense. Causes of olfactory impairment can be divided into either failure in transferring odour to the organ of perception or damage to the olfactory pathway structure itself. Examination should therefore include methods evaluating cross-sectional area and patency of the nasal cavity as well as subjective or objective assessment of olfactory function. In this report we summarize several articles, studies, and our own experiences to provide a comprehensive review of their current clinical usage including their benefits, limitations, and possible outcomes. We also discuss the mechanism of olfaction step by step to provide a full understanding of the possible errors depending on the localization in the pathway and the methods designed for their detection. We discuss the correlation of the microbiome in nasal polyposis and chronic rhinitis with olfactory impairment using objective olfactometry. The topic of objective olfactometry and the examination of olfactory event-related potentials (OERP) is commented upon in detail.
Electronic Properties of Hexagonal Graphene Quantum Rings from TAO-DFT

The reliable prediction of electronic properties associated with graphene nanosystems can be challenging for conventional electronic structure methods, such as Kohn–Sham (KS) density functional theory (DFT), due to the presence of strong static correlation effects in these systems. To address this challenge, TAO (thermally assisted occupation) DFT has been recently proposed. In the present study, we employ TAO-DFT to predict the electronic properties of n-HGQRs (i.e., the hexagonal graphene quantum rings consisting of n aromatic rings fused together at each side). From TAO-DFT, the ground states of n-HGQRs are singlets for all the cases investigated (n = 3–15). As the system size increases, there should be a transition from the nonradical to polyradical nature of ground-state n-HGQR. The latter should be intimately related to the localization of active TAO-orbitals at the inner and outer edges of n-HGQR, which increases with increasing system size.
Structure and Properties of Bioactive Glass-Modified Calcium Phosphate/Calcium Sulfate Biphasic Porous Self-Curing Bone Repair Materials and Preliminary Research on Their Osteogenic Effect

In this study, calcium phosphate (CP)/calcium sulfate biphasic bone repair materials were modified with bioactive-glass (BG) to construct a self-curing bone repair material. Tetracalcium phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, and calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH) with different BG ratios and phosphate solution were reacted to prepare a porous self-curing bone repair material (CP/CSH/BG). The solidification time was about 12 min, and the material was morphologically stable in 24 h. The porosity was about 50%, with a pore size around 200 μm. The strength of CP/CSH/BG was approaching trabecular bone, and could be gradually degraded in Tris-HCl solution. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in the leaching solution of the materials. Cytotoxicity was detected using Cell Counting Kit 8 assays, and the expression of osteogenesis-related biomarkers was detected using quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). The results showed that all BG groups had increased ALP and ARS staining, implying that the BG groups could promote osteoblast mineralization in vitro. qRT-PCR showed significant upregulation of bone-related gene expression (Osx, Ocn, Runx2, and Col1) in the 20% BG group (p < 0.05). Therefore, the CP/CSH/BG self-curing bone repair materials can promote osteogenesis, and might be applied for bone regeneration, especially for polymorphic bone defect repair.
Looking for new paradigms towards a biological-mathematical theory of complex multicellular systems

This paper deals with the development of new paradigms based on the methods of the mathematical kinetic theory for active particles to model the dynamics of large systems of interacting cells. Interactions are ruled, not only by laws of classical mechanics, but also by a few biological functions which are able to modify the above laws. The paper technically shows, also by reasoning on specific examples, how the theory can be applied to model large complex systems in biology. The last part of the paper deals with a critical analysis and with the indication of research perspectives concerning the challenging target of developing a biological-mathematical theory for the living matter.
Study of the adhesion of thin plasma fluorocarbon coatings resisting plastic deformation for stent applications

Metallic intravascular stents are medical devices (316L stainless steel) used to support the narrowed lumen of atherosclerotic stenosed arteries. Despite the success of bare metal stents, restenosis remains the main complication after 3–6 months of implantation. To reduce the restenosis rate of bare metal stents, stent coating is an interesting alternative. Firstly, it allows the modification of the surface properties, which is in contact with the biological environment. Secondly, the coating could eventually act as a carrier for drug immobilization and release. Moreover, the in vivo stent implantation requires in situ stent expansion. This mandatory step generates local plastic deformation of up to 25% and may cause coating failures such as cracking and delamination. Fluorocarbon films were selected in this study as a potential stent coating, mainly due to their chemical inertness, high hydrophobicity, protein retention capabilities and thromboresistance properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the adhesion properties of fluorocarbon films of three different thicknesses deposited by plasma polymerization in C2F6/H2 on 316L stainless steel substrates. A previously developed small punch test was used to deform the coated samples. According to atomic force microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterizations, among the coatings with different thicknesses studied, only those with a thickness of 36 nm exhibited the required cohesion and interfacial adhesion to resist the stent expansion without cracking or delaminating. Otherwise, cracks were detected in the coatings having thicknesses equal or superior to 100 nm, indicating a lack of cohesion.
Predicting 60–4 visual field tests using 3D facial reconstruction

Background Despite, the potential clinical utility of 60–4 visual fields, they are not frequently used in clinical practice partly, due to the purported impact of facial contour on field defects. The purpose of this study was to design and test an artificial intelligence-driven platform to predict facial structure-dependent visual field defects on 60–4 visual field tests. Methods Subjects with no ocular pathology were included. Participants were subject to optical coherence tomography, 60–4 Swedish interactive thresholding algorithm visual field tests and photography. The predicted visual field was compared with observed 60–4 visual field results in subjects. Average and point-specific sensitivity, specificity, precision, negative predictive value, accuracy, and F1-scores were primary outcome measures. Results 30 healthy were enrolled. Three-dimensional facial reconstruction using a convolution neural network (CNN) was able to predict facial contour-dependent 60–4 visual field defects in 30 subjects without ocular pathology. Overall model accuracy was 97%±3% and 96%±3% and the F1-score, dependent on precision and sensitivity, was 58%±19% and 55%±15% for the right eye and left eye, respectively. Spatial-dependent model performance was observed with increased sensitivity and precision within the far inferior nasal field reflected by an average F1-score of 76%±20% and 70%±29% for the right eye and left eye, respectively. Conclusions This pilot study reports the development of a CNN-enhanced platform capable of predicting 60–4 visual field defects in healthy controls based on facial contour. Further study with this platform may enhance understanding of the influence of facial contour on 60–4 visual field testing.
Nanodroplet‐Coated Microbubbles Used in Sonothrombolysis with Two‐Step Cavitation Strategy

Thrombosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and sonothrombolysis is a promising method for its treatment. However, the slow diffusion of the thrombolytic agents into the thrombus results in slow recanalization. Here, nanodroplet‐coated microbubbles (NCMBs) are designed and fabricated and a two‐step cavitation strategy is used to accelerate the thrombolysis. The first cavitation of the NCMBs, cavitation and collapse of the microbubbles induced by low frequency ultrasound, drives the nanodroplets on the shell into the thrombus, while the second cavitation, the phase‐change and volume expansion of drug‐loaded nanodroplets triggered by high frequency ultrasound, loosens the thrombus by the sono‐porosity effect. This two‐step cavitation of the NCMBs is verified using a fibrin agarose model, where a rapid diffusion of the thrombolytic agents is observed. Furthermore, the NCMBs reach much higher thrombolysis efficiency in both in vitro and proof‐of‐concept experiments performed with living mice. The nanodroplet‐coated microbubbles are a promising diffusion medicines carrier for efficient drug delivery.
THE TWO SUPERPOSED GALAXIES OF NGC 3314.

Spectroscopic observations of NGC 3314 are presented. Long-slit spectrograms clearly show two sets of emission lines stemming from the two superposed galaxies. The foreground galaxy, NGC 3314a, is a type SBbc or SBc spiral of absolute magnitude MB ≈ -20 and has a radial velocity czsun; = 2835±15 km s-1. The background galaxy, NGC 3314b, is probably an Sb of MB ≈ -20.5 with czsun; = 4641±6 km s-1. The availabe evidence suggests that at least NGC 3314a, and probably also NGC 3314b, are members of the Hydra I cluster of galaxies (czsun; = 3699 km s-1, σv = 681 km s-1), although the alternative hypothesis that one of them or both are field galaxies cannot presently be ruled out.
Design and biological characterization of a series of dual mechanism ERK1/2 inhibitors with a Triazolopyridinone core

Oncology clinical development programs have targeted the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway with small molecule inhibitors for a variety of cancers during the past decades, and most therapies have shown limited or minimal success. Specific BRAF and MEK inhibitors have shown clinical efficacy in patients for the treatment of BRAF‐mutant melanoma. However, most cancers have shown treatment resistance after several months of inhibitor usage, and reports indicate resistance is often associated with the reactivation of the MAPK signaling pathway. It is widely accepted that an effective MAPK therapy will have a significant impact on curtailing cancer growth and improving patient survival. However, despite more than three decades of intense research and pharmaceutical industry efforts, an FDA‐approved, effective anti‐cancer ERK inhibitor has yet to be developed. Here, we present the design, optimization, and biological characterization of ERK1/2 inhibitors that block catalytic phosphorylation of downstream substrates such as RSK but also modulate the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 by MEK without directly inhibiting MEK. Our series of dual mechanism ERK1/2 inhibitors, in which we incorporated a triazolopyridinone core, may present potential benefits for enhancing efficacy and addressing the emergence of treatment resistance.
Hypomagnetic Field Exposure Affecting Gut Microbiota, Reactive Oxygen Species Levels, and Colonic Cell Proliferation in Mice

The gut microbiota has been considered one of the key factors in host health, which is influenced by many environmental factors. The geomagnetic field (GMF) represents one of the important environmental conditions for living organisms. Previous studies have shown that the elimination of GMF, the so‐called hypomagnetic field (HMF), could affect the physiological functions and resistance to antibiotics of some microorganisms. However, whether long‐term HMF exposure could alter the gut microbiota to some extent in mammals remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of long‐term (8‐ and 12‐week) HMF exposure on the gut microbiota in C57BL/6J mice. Our results clearly showed that 8‐week HMF significantly affected the diversity and function of the mouse gut microbiota. Compared with the GMF group, the concentrations of short‐chain fatty acids tended to decrease in the HMF group. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that HMF promoted colonic cell proliferation, concomitant with an increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To our knowledge, this is the first in vivo finding that long‐term HMF exposure could affect the mouse gut microbiota, ROS levels, and colonic cell proliferation in the colon. Moreover, the changes in gut microbiota can be restored by returning mice to the GMF environment, thus the possible harm to the microbiota caused by HMF exposure can be alleviated. © 2022 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
Oscillation of neutral delay difference equations of second order with positive and negative coefficients

AbstractThis paper is concerned with a class of neutral difference equations of second order with positive and negative coefficients of the forms $$ \Delta ^2 (x_n \pm c_n x_{n - \tau } ) + p_n x_{n - \delta } - q_n x_{n - \sigma } = 0 $$ where τ, δ and σ are nonnegative integers and {pn}, {qn} and {cn} are nonnegative real sequences. Sufficient conditions for oscillation of the equations are obtained.
Batten disease through different in vivo and in vitro models: A review

Batten disease consists of a family of primarily autosomal recessive, progressive neuropediatric disorders, also known as neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs). These pathologies are characterized by seizures and visual, cognitive and motor decline, and premature death. The pathophysiology of this rare disease is still unclear despite the years of trials and financial aids. This paper has reviewed advantages and limits of in vivo and in vitro models of Batten disease from murine and larger animal models to primitive unicellular models, until the most recently developed patient‐derived induced pluripotent stem cells. For each model advantages, limits and applications were analyzed. The first prototypes investigated were murine models that due to their limits were replaced by larger animals. In vitro models gradually replaced animal models for practical, cost, and ethical reasons. Using induced pluripotent stem cells to study neurodegeneration is a new way of studying the disease, since they can be distinguished into differentiating elements like neurons, which are susceptible to neurodegeneration. In vivo and in vitro models have contributed to clarifying to some extent the pathophysiology of the disease. The collection and sharing of suitable human bio samples likely through biobanks can contribute to a better understanding, prevention, and to identify possible treatment strategies of Batten disease.
Continuous light exposure influences luteinization and luteal function of ovary in ICR mice

With the rapid change of people's lifestyle, more childbearing couples live with irregular schedules (i.e., staying up late) and suffer from decreased fertility and abortion, which can be caused by luteal phase defect (LPD). We used continuous light‐exposed mice as a model to observe whether continuous light exposure may affect luteinization and luteal function. We showed that the level of progesterone in serum reduced (p < .001), the number of corpus luteum (CL) decreased (p < .01), and the expressions of luteinization‐related genes (Lhcgr, Star, Ptgfr, and Runx2), clock genes (Clock and Per1), and Mt1 were downregulated (p < .05) in the ovaries of mice exposed to continuous light, suggesting that continuous light exposure induces defects in luteinization and luteal functions. Strikingly, injection of melatonin (3 mg/kg) could improve luteal functions in continuous light‐exposed mice. Moreover, we found that, after 2 h of hCG injection, the level of pERK1/2 in the ovary decreased in the continuous light group, but increased in the melatonin administration group, suggesting that melatonin can improve LPD caused by continuous light exposure through activating the ERK1/2 pathway. In summary, our data demonstrate that continuous light exposure affects ovary luteinization and luteal function, which can be rescued by melatonin.
Mood disorders and hormonal status across women’s life: a narrative review

Abstract Depressive disorders and anxiety states represent one of the most frequent psychiatric pathologies occurring transiently in vulnerable women throughout their life, from puberty to menopause. It is now known that sex hormones play a key role on the nervous system, interfering with neuronal plasticity and enhancing the processes of learning, memory, cognition, and mood. Numerous mechanisms are at the base of these processes, displaying interactions between estrogen and serotoninergic, dopaminergic, and GABAergic receptors at the central level. Therefore, given the sexual steroids fluctuations throughout the entire female lifespan, and considering the role played by sex hormones at the central level, it is not surprising to observe the onset of mood or neurodegenerative disorders over time. This is especially true for women in hormonal transition phase, such as puberty, postpartum and the menopausal transition. Moreover, all these conditions are characterized by hormone withdrawal, imbalance, or modifications due to menopausal hormone therapies or contraceptives which could prompt to a deterioration of mood and cognition impairment or to an improvement in the quality of life. More studies are needed to better understand the hormone-related effects on the nervous system, and the underlying pathways involved in transitional or chronic mood disorders, to promote new patient-specific therapeutic strategies more effective than the current ones and tailored according to the individual need and women’s life period.
Effects of breaking up sitting with light‐intensity physical activity on cognition and mood in university students

University students often exhibit high levels of sedentary behavior that is negatively associated with cognition and mood. On the other hand, light‐intensity physical activity (LIPA) may improve cognitive performance and mood. Therefore, this study investigated the acute effect of LIPA breaks during prolonged sitting on attention, executive functioning, and mood.
Relativistic effects in electron-energy-loss-spectroscopy observations of the S i / S i O 2 interface plasmon peak

Electron-energy-loss spectroscopy in a scanning transmission electron microscope has been used to study the interface plasmon peak (IPP) observed at the ${\mathrm{S}\mathrm{i}/\mathrm{S}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ interface. A precise line-spectrum recording shows a shift of the interface plasmon peak from 7.8 to 6.8 eV from the interface to 5 nm from it. This shift is explained by considering relativistic effects, demonstrating the importance of obtaining the relativistic formulas given in the two appendixes. The agreement of the simulations with the experiment, both in position and intensity is very good and is improved further by the introduction of a 1.0-nm-thick intermediate layer of SiO. A crystalline phase of ${\mathrm{SiO}}_{2}$ seems to be in poorer agreement with experiment. This implies that the careful recording and simulation of the IPP can actually give some information about the nature of interfaces.
Rapid production of multimeric RNA aptamers stabilized by a designed pseudo‐circular structure in E. coli

RNA aptamers bind specifically and selectively to various macromolecules, cell surfaces, and viruses and find broad applications as biosensors, diagnostics, and in therapeutic treatments and drug delivery. Currently, RNA aptamer production is via in vitro methods. Herein, a new E. coli‐based approach has been demonstrated for the rapid production of multimeric RNA aptamer transcripts that are protected from degradation by burying the 5′ and 3′ ends of the transcript in a designed double‐stranded spacer. Multimeric and fluorescent RNA aptamers were produced stably in vivo and readily isolated from RNase III‐deficient cells, and their full functionalities were shown by binding assays and fluorescence measurements. This approach shows promise as a rapid and scalable bioprocess for the production of RNA aptamers at low cost.