Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Frequency Reconfigurable Array Antenna with Modified Circular Slot

Reconfigurable antennas have obtained significant attention in current mobile communication systems. This work suggested an uncomplicated design of two patches element array antenna integrated with triple intersecting circles slot to realize an array antenna with frequency reconfigurable. The T- junction feeding mechanism was used in this study to achieve the 50 Ohm impedance bandwidth. In the simulation, microwave switches are represented by copper tapes integrated with the circular slot to achieve frequency reconfigurable. The suggested array antenna works in multi-bands with frequency reconfigurable features for implementation in the C-band (5.1–6.38 GHz), (5.15–5.68 GHz), (5.93–6.17 GHz), (5.96–6.22 GHz), (6.30–6.62 GHz), (6.86–7.32 GHz), (6.94–7.34GHz), and (7–7.32 GHz). Hence, the array antenna operates in four switching cases: OFF & ON.
Doing More with Ambient Light: Harvesting Indoor Energy and Data Using Emerging Solar Cells

On one side, the capacity of the world’s photovoltaic (PV) systems is experiencing unprecedented growth; on the other side, the number of connected devices is rapidly increasing due to the development of advanced communication technologies. These fields are not completely independent, and recent studies show that indoor energy harvesting is a great candidate for answering the energy challenges of future generations of telecommunications, namely 5G and 6G, ideal for internet-of-things (IoT) scenarios, i.e., smart homes, smart cities, and smart factories. The emerging PV technologies have shown amazing capabilities for indoor energy harvesting, displaying high power conversion efficiency, good flexibility, and champion-specific powers. Recently, the excellent dynamic performance of PV devices enabled them to be used as data receivers in optical wireless communication (OWC) scenarios, calling forth an innovative system able to simultaneously harvest energy and receive communication data with a single PV device. This article reviews the recent literature devoted to the exploitation of photovoltaic technologies for simultaneous indoor energy harvesting and OWC data reception. This contribution highlights the strong potential of the approach toward the next generation of Green IoT systems and the current challenges that need to be addressed with regard to the physics of solar cells, from laboratory to large-scale applications.
A branch-and-bound algorithm for identical parallel machine total tardiness scheduling problem with preemption

This article examines the problem of scheduling preemptive jobs on identical parallel machines to minimize total tardiness. The problem is known to be NP-hard. An efficient heuristic is developed for solving large-sized problems. A lower bound scheme is also presented. Both of the proposed heuristic and lower bound are incorporated into a branch-and-bound algorithm to optimally solve small-sized problems. Computational results are reported. The branch-and-bound algorithm can handle problems of up to 16 jobs and 5 machines in size within a reasonable amount of time. The solution obtained by the heuristic has an average percentage deviation of 4.01% from the optimal value, while the initial lower bound has an average percentage deviation of 41.55% from the optimal value. Moreover, the heuristic finds approved optimal solutions for more than 45% of the problem instances tested.
Refractive-index insensitive long-period fiber gratings point-by-point inscribed by CO2 laser for fiber sensors and lasers

This paper reports a long-period fiber gratings(LPFG) fabricated on a double-clad fiber (DCF) by the CO2 laser point-by-point technique. The LPFG is tested by measuring temperature and refractive index (RI) of different liquids. The results show that the LPFG inscribed on the DCF has no measurable sensitivity to external RI but has a high sensitivity for temperature. The measured temperature sensitivity is ~0.11 nm/oC, about 10 times higher than that of conventional FBGs. Such LPFGs can be used as a modulator in fiber lasers or temperature/strain sensors in applications where the surrounding RI is prone to variation, such as simultaneous measurement of the temperature and RI of chemical reactions.
Improvement of weighted centroid localization algorithm for WSNs based on RSSI

Aiming at problem that positioning precision of wireless sensor networks(WSNs) localization algorithm is not high,a new positioning method(WR-Centroid) based on RSSI ranging combined centroid algorithm with weighted centroid positioning algorithm is proposed.The algorithm mainly through RSSI ranging obtain the distance from four reference nodes to unknown node,and then optionally three distances as a radius corresponding to the reference node as the circle center to draw circle and get the overlapping region of three circles,form a triangle,the centroid of the triangle is obtained.In accordance with this method,four centroid coordinates is obtained,using weighted centroid localization algorithm to calculate the unknown node coordinates.Simulation results show that the precision of this algorithm is greatly improved than the weighted centroid localization algorithm.
Improved biological value of eggs due to the addition of pomegranate seed oil to laying-hen diets

Abstract In this study, the effects of the addition of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) at different levels (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mLkg-1 ) to laying-hen rations on performance values, egg quality criteria, egg shelf life, some enzyme activity, and the fatty acid composition of yolks were investigated. In the study, 96 Lohman LSL laying hens at 64 weeks of age were used. The trial consisted of four groups, each containing 24 hens. Chickens were given feed and water ad libitum during the 8-week experiment. The first group was the control group and was fed with a basal diet, while the other groups were fed with feeds with 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mLkg-1 PSO added to the basal feed, respectively. The lowest feed consumption and the highest egg weight were determined in the 1 mLkg-1 PSO group. The highest feed conversion ratio, the lowest eggshell weight, and the shell-breaking strength were determined in the 0.5 mLkg-1 PSO group. It was determined that the egg yolk malondialdehyde (MDA) value in the groups to which pomegranate seed oil was added was significantly lower than the control group on the 28th day of storage. The lowest glutation (GSH) and catalase values were found in the control group, and the highest total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was found in the 1 mLkg-1 PSO group. It was determined that the addition of PSO to the diet significantly increased the rate of saturated fatty acids (SEFA), conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), and conjugated linolenic acids (CLnA) in yolk. The results showed that the addition of 1 mLkg-1 pomegranate seed oil to the feeds decreased feed consumption, increased egg weight, and positively affected the shelf life of the egg. In short, the addition of PSO had a positive effect on shelf life, and it increased punicic acid and CLA levels without reducing egg quality.
The role of endothelial TRP channels in age-related vascular cognitive impairment and dementia

Transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins are part of a superfamily of polymodal cation channels that can be activated by mechanical, physical, and chemical stimuli. In the vascular endothelium, TRP channels regulate two fundamental parameters: the membrane potential and the intracellular Ca2+ concentration [(Ca2+)i]. TRP channels are widely expressed in the cerebrovascular endothelium, and are emerging as important mediators of several brain microvascular functions (e.g., neurovascular coupling, endothelial function, and blood–brain barrier permeability), which become impaired with aging. Aging is the most significant risk factor for vascular cognitive impairment (VCI), and the number of individuals affected by VCI is expected to exponentially increase in the coming decades. Yet, there are currently no preventative or therapeutic treatments available against the development and progression of VCI. In this review, we discuss the involvement of endothelial TRP channels in diverse physiological processes in the brain as well as in the pathogenesis of age-related VCI to explore future potential neuroprotective strategies.
ALEXIS: An Ultrasoft X-Ray Monitor Experiment Using Miniature Satellite Technology

Los Alamos and Sandia National Laboratories are, building an ultrasoft X-ray monitor experiment. This experiment, called ALEXIS (Array of Low-Energy X-Ray Imaging Sensors), consists of six compact normal-incidence telescopes. ALEXIS will operate in the 70 - 110 eV band. The ultrasoft X-ray/EUV band is nearly uncharted territory for astrophysics. ALEXIS, with its wide fields-of-view and well-defined wavelength bands, will complement the upcoming NASA Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer and ROSAT EUV Wide Field Camera, which are sensitive broadzband survey experiments. The program objectives of ALEXIS are to 1) demonstrate the feasibility of a wide field-of-view, normal incidence ultrasoft X-ray telescope system and 2) to determine ultrasoft X-ray backgrounds in the space environment. As a dividend, ALEXIS will pursue the following scientific objectives: 1) to map the diffuse background, with unprecedented angular resolution, in several emission line bands, 2) to perform a 3-color survey of point sources, 3) to search for transient phenomena in the ultrasoft X-ray band, and 4) to provide synoptic monitoring of variable ultrasoft X-ray sources such as cataclysmic variables and flare stars. The six ALEXIS telescopes are arranged in pairs to cover three 40° fields-of-view. During each spin of the satellite, ALEXIS will monitor more than half the sky. Each telescope consists of a layered synthetic microstructure (LSM) mirror, a curved microchannel plate detector, background-rejecting filters and magnets, and readout electronics. The mirrors will be tuned to 72 eV, 85 eV, and 95 or 107 eV bands, chosen to select and deselect interesting line features in the diffuse background. The geometric area of each ALEXIS telescope will be about 15 cm2. The telescopes employ spherical mirrors with the curved detector at prime focus and are limited by spherical aberration to a resolution of about 1°. Assuming nominal reflectivities, quantum efficiency, and filter transmission, the 5a survey sensitivity will be about 2 x 10-3 photons cm-2 s-1 for line emission at the center of the bandpass. ALEXIS is designed to be flown on a small autonomous payload carrier (a minisat) that could be launched from either a Shuttle Get-Away-Special Can or from an expendable launch vehicle. The experiment weighs 100 pounds, draws 40 watts, and produces 10 kbps of data. It can be flown in any low Earth orbit. Onboard data storage allows operation and tracking from a single ground station at Los Alamos.
Comparison of Synthetic Methods and Identification of Several Artificial Antigens of Deoxynivalenol

The purpose of this experiment was to study the design and modification of hapten molecules and artificial antigen molecules of deoxynivalenol (DON), and to compare the preparation and identification methods of four artificial antigens. According to the characteristics of the molecular structure of DON, four artificial antigen coupling methods were designed—namely, N,N′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), isobutyl chloroformate (IBCF), and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)—to prepare artificial antigens and detection antigens. Through ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR), and SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE), along with other physical and chemical identification methods and animal immunisation, the best artificial antigen coupling method was screened. The results showed that the CDI method achieved the best effect among the synthesis methods. The titre of anti-DON polyclonal antibody (pAb) produced by animal immunisation reached 1: (6.4 × 103). The half inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 47.75 ng/mL, the cross-reaction rate with 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-AcDON) was slightly higher at 35.3%, and there was no cross-reaction with other compounds; therefore, four artificial antigens were successfully prepared by using the molecular structure of DON. Through identification, the CDI method was screened as the best artificial antigen synthesis method, with the highest DON pAb titre, the best sensitivity, and the strongest specificity. This will lay a solid antigenic foundation for the preparation of better anti-DON monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in the future.
Increase the Range of Millimeter-Wave Breath Monitoring by Multi-Channel Signal Fusion

With the continuous development of personalized medicines, many sensor technologies have begun to integrate into the medical industry, striving to raise the level of informatization of the medical care system. Particularly, breath, as an important sign of human health, has become an important research direction of smart vital sign monitoring. However, traditional wearable monitoring has not-comfort issues, and the previous millimeter-Wave based contactless solutions suffer from limited sensing range, due to signal attenuation and decrease in the directionality of beam. To solve this problem, in this paper, we propose a long-distance contactless respiration monitoring system based on multi-channel millimeter-wave signals. We use multi-channel antenna array to enhance the energy of the effective signal and adapt the minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) algorithm to accurately locate the chest from multiple signal sources. Results show that the monitoring distance and accuracy can satisfy the demand for daily, long-distance, real-time monitoring.
A didactic approach to quantum machine learning with a single qubit

This paper presents, via an explicit example with a real-world dataset, a hands-on introduction to the field of quantum machine learning (QML). We focus on the case of learning with a single qubit, using data re-uploading techniques. After a discussion of the relevant background in quantum computing and machine learning we provide a thorough explanation of the data re-uploading models that we consider, and implement the different proposed formulations in toy and real-world datasets using the qiskit quantum computing SDK. We find that, as in the case of classical neural networks, the number of layers is a determining factor in the final accuracy of the models. Moreover, and interestingly, the results show that single-qubit classifiers can achieve a performance that is on-par with classical counterparts under the same set of training conditions. While this cannot be understood as a proof of the advantage of quantum machine learning, it points to a promising research direction, and raises a series of questions that we outline.
An End-to-End Multi-label classification model for Arrhythmia based on varied-length ECG signals

Cardiovascular disease is the most important cause of death in the world. In the early stage of cardiovascular disease, arrhythmia is often accompanied. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out safe and effective arrhythmia detection for prevention and diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. With the increase in widely available digital ECG data and the algorithmic paradigm of deep learning, multi-class arrhythmia classification based on automatic feature extraction of ECG has become increasingly attractive. However, the majority of studies cannot accept varied-length ECG signals and have limited performance in detecting multi-class arrhythmias. In this study, we propose a multi-label classification network based on the multi-scale feature fusion module for arrhythmia in 12-lead varied-length ECG. Our model utilizes the complementary power between different structures, which include group convolution block, Spatial Pyramid Pooling (SPP) layer, and multi-scale feature fusion module. The proposed method can extract features from every lead separately for 12-lead varied-length records, and effectively achieve multi-scale feature extraction and cross-scale information complementarity of ECG by integrating multiple convolution kernels with different receptive fields. The experimental results show that our model achieved an overall classification F1 score of 83.3%. Combining all these excellent features, this model offers a solution for varied-length signal processing problems.
Comprehensive Evaluation of End-Point Free Energy Techniques in Carboxylated-Pillar[6]arene Host–Guest Binding: III. Force-Field Comparison, Three-Trajectory Realization and Further Dielectric Augmentation

Host–guest binding, despite the relatively simple structural and chemical features of individual components, still poses a challenge in computational modelling. The extreme underperformance of standard end-point methods in host–guest binding makes them practically useless. In the current work, we explore a potentially promising modification of the three-trajectory realization. The alteration couples the binding-induced structural reorganization into free energy estimation and suffers from dramatic fluctuations in internal energies in protein–ligand situations. Fortunately, the relatively small size of host–guest systems minimizes the magnitude of internal fluctuations and makes the three-trajectory realization practically suitable. Due to the incorporation of intra-molecular interactions in free energy estimation, a strong dependence on the force field parameters could be incurred. Thus, a term-specific investigation of transferable GAFF derivatives is presented, and noticeable differences in many aspects are identified between commonly applied GAFF and GAFF2. These force-field differences lead to different dynamic behaviors of the macrocyclic host, which ultimately would influence the end-point sampling and binding thermodynamics. Therefore, the three-trajectory end-point free energy calculations are performed with both GAFF versions. Additionally, due to the noticeable differences between host dynamics under GAFF and GAFF2, we add additional benchmarks of the single-trajectory end-point calculations. When only the ranks of binding affinities are pursued, the three-trajectory realization performs very well, comparable to and even better than the regressed PBSA_E scoring function and the dielectric constant-variable regime. With the GAFF parameter set, the TIP3P water in explicit solvent sampling and either PB or GB implicit solvent model in free energy estimation, the predictive power of the three-trajectory realization in ranking calculations surpasses all existing end-point methods on this dataset. We further combine the three-trajectory realization with another promising modified end-point regime of varying the interior dielectric constant. The combined regime does not incur sizable improvements for ranks and deviations from experiment exhibit non-monotonic variations.
A K-Induction Method Extended with Value Analysis for C Program Safety Verification

The k-induction algorithm is a well-known verification technique that combines bounded model checking with an inductive approach to verify program safety. Many software verification tools have implemented it. The performance of k-induction is dependent on the inductive loop invariant. However, it is hard to generate useful invariants, especially when the loop construction is complex and nested by other constructions such as branches. To solve this problem, we introduce value analysis into k-induction, which is used to generate a set of custom loop invariants according to safety properties. In contrast to general loop invariants provided by loop invariant generators, custom invariants are made to verify the property, and the induction method converges with them more quickly. Our experiments show that combining k-induction with the invariants were produced by value analysis significantly increases effectiveness and efficiency and outperforms existing implementations of k-induction based software verification in terms of successful verification results.
Design and Analysis of a Metamaterial Inspired Peano Fractal Antenna

A metamaterial inspired antenna with peano fractal loaded at the top is designed and discussed in this paper. Two peano fractals were loaded on the top of monopole antenna and then, four interdigital LHMs were loaded. Transmission line model was used to analyze the theory of miniaturization and multiband. The size of the proposed antenna is $34\times 25\times 0.8\mathrm{m}\mathrm{m}^{3}$ and it covers $1.47\sim 1.50\mathrm{GHz}$, $2.27\sim 2.41GHz$, $3.05\sim 3.08\mathrm{GHz}$, $3.26\sim 3.31GHz$, $6.78\sim 7.35\mathrm{GHz}$ and $7.65\sim 7.88\mathrm{GHz}$, which is applicable to GPS, L-band, C-band and WIFI 6E. This antenna shows good omnidirectional property.
Statistical properties of two‐dimensional magnetohydrodynamic turbulence

The statistical properties of two‐dimensional (2‐D) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence are studied by means of high‐resolution numerical simulations. As a theoretical point of reference, the β model of intermittent turbulence is adapted to the MHD case. Comparison of simulation results for energy spectra with the β‐model predictions shows intermittency corrections to be small, δ<0.2, while fourth‐order correlation functions exhibit a stronger effect δ≂0.35, consistent with the numerically observed Reynolds‐number dependence of the flatness factor F∝R1/2λ. An argument is given that this scaling valid for Rλ∼102 is, however, not characteristic of the asymptotic regime Rλ→∞, where a constant value of F is to be expected. The probability distributions of the field difference δv(x,t), δB(x,t) are Gaussian for large separation x or t, approaching an approximately exponential distribution for x, t→0. This behavior can be understood by a simple probabilistic argument. The probability distribution of the local e.
Division by Zero: Threats and Effects in Spectrum-Based Fault Localization Formulas

Spectrum-Based Fault Localization (SBFL) is based on risk formulas to rank program elements, which work generally well in various situations. However, it cannot be ruled out that zero division might happen during score calculation, which has negative consequences, e.g., essential elements will not be in the top part of the rank list. The literature has given several strategies to tackle the problem, although there is little knowledge on which one to use. In our work, we performed mathematical analysis and an empirical study to find out how this phenomenon affects SBFL. Results show that division by zero happens in many cases, and the strategies can mitigate their consequences with varying success. Thus, we propose a combined method to avoid the threat of division by zero and improve the trustworthiness of SBFL. Our proposals should be taken into consideration whenever a formula is being used or a new one is proposed.
A Dualband Rectenna Design for RF Energy Scavenging using a Modified Yagi-Uda Antenna

In this work, a dual band rectenna system is presented for radio frequency energy harvesting. A broadband high gain Yagi-Uda antenna operating at GSM 1800 and 2100 is designed for scavenging radio frequency radiations. The antenna's return loss is below −10 dB over a fractional bandwidth of 28.6% extending from 1.65 till 2.2 GHz. The antenna has a gain of 3.8 dBi and 5.7 dBi at 1.8 and 2.1 GHz respectively. A half wave rectifier using single shunt diode and a matching network using radial stubs were designed and integrated with the proposed antenna forming the rectenna. The proposed rectenna system achieved an output voltage of approximately 0.23V at 1.8 and 2.1 GHz, and an overall efficiency of 28% for an input power of −10dBm, which makes it suitable for powering wireless sensor nodes.