Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Single DC-Sourced 9-level DC/AC Topology as Transformerless Power Interface for Renewable Sources

This paper introduces an advanced transformerless multilevel hybrid-conversion topology intended for the interconnection of renewable DC sources at small-scale. The most important contribution presented in this paper is the generation of two isolated DC sources from a single DC source without the use of any type of transformer. The DC sources feed a nine-level DC/AC hybrid cascade multilevel converter. This advanced topology is achieved by redesigning the conventional DC/DC Buck topology, attached to the multilevel converter, and embedding a suitable switching strategy along with a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-based control. The advantages of the proposed structure, when compared to other proposals in the literature, are higher efficiency, reduced number of power switches, and high power density derived of transformerless characteristic. As a way to highlight differences and advantages of this converter over other options recently available in the literature, this paper carries out a quantitative evaluation comparing the number of voltage levels and the number of elements involved in the structure of DC/AC multilevel converters. The mathematical model and control strategy of the converter are explained and analyzed by means of simulations. Finally experimental results, obtained from a laboratory-scale prototype, show the performance of the system and demonstrate its relative advantages.
Non-Destructive Testing of Steel Wire Rope Transmission Area to Rope End by Magnetic Flux Leakage

At present the need of nondestructive testing of rope bridges state appears often. Modern maintenance trends using non-destructive checking allow to detect the state of these materials in service without breaking their integrity. From the point of view of so far used non-destructive testing methods the area of cable end is not accessible. The magnetic properties research of these materials and the subsequent design of new structures for scanning elements will enable non-destructive monitoring of the state of the ropes steel material of static constructions, especially their anchoring. The article aims to present the results from tracking of the magnetic flux around the cable end and signal runs from particular designed and investigated scanning elements placed above artificial defects created closely to the cable end.
Application of Piezoelectric Actuators at Subsonic Speeds

An experimental study has been conducted to investigate the effects of using a series of piezoelectric actuators at two chordwise positions (25 and 50% chord length) on a NACA 0015 aerofoil at subsonic speeds. The lift and drag forces were measured using a three-component force balance. A detailed boundary-layer survey was carried out using hot-wire anemometry. The actuators operating at 25 % chord length are more effective, resulting in an increase of the lift-to-drag ratios at higher frequencies. Boundary-layer surveys indicated that, with the actuators operating at 25% chord length, the boundary-layer thickness is drastically reduced downstream of their location, whereas the flow remains mostly undisturbed in the upstream direction. The actuators can fix laminar to turbulent transition and eliminate the laminar separation bubble at lower Reynolds numbers.
High-Performance Linear Cable Transmission

Cable transmissions offer several advantages such as high stiffness to weight ratio, high strength, low friction, and absence of backlash, which makes them appropriate for demanding mechanical applications. However, while extensively used as rotational transmissions, there are only a few examples of linear cable transmissions in the literature. The reason is that the up-to-date designs are based on a cable layout that leads to cable length changes during movement. This, in turn, produces negative effects such as transmission nonlinearity and cable fatigue. In this paper, an alternative design for linear cable transmissions is presented. The new design overcomes the aforementioned problems through a proper cable layout. Different applications of the new transmission are reported, validating the proposed design.
Study on Control of the Rotational Speed of Diesel Engine under State-Switch Mode in Parallel Hybrid Hydraulic Excavator

In parallel hybrid hydraulic excavator (PHHE) with super capacitor, the throttle position of the diesel engine is changed with the variation of the capacitor’s state of charge (SOC) of the super capacitor. When the throttle position is switched, the rotational speed of the diesel engine cannot be able to increase or decrease to the target speed rapidly enough, and it may fluctuate in large range under given conditions. Under the assumption that the loading torque of the diesel engine is invariant at the switch instant, the response of the rotational speed appears to be in different forms, which are not admitted for the normal work of PHHE. In this paper, switch types are divided into eight state-switch modes, in terms of the loading type and the amplitude of variation of the throttle position. And the paper mainly aims to the smooth transition of the rotational speed during the switched process of PHHE by the dynamic compensation of the electric motor. Experimental results show that the dynamic compensation of the electric motor can improve the dynamic behavior when PHHE is under state-switch modes.
Auto-Personalization: Theory, Practice and Cross-Platform Implementation

In an increasing digital society, access to information and communication technologies (ICT) is no longer just helpful but has become a necessity. However, the human interfaces appearing on these ICT (and increasingly, even common household products) are beyond of the abilities of many people with disability, digital literacy, or aging related limitations. Access to these ICT is essential to these individuals yet it is not possible to create an interface that is usable by all. This paper introduces a new approach to auto-personalization that is based on the development of the Global Public Inclusive Infrastructure (GPII). The GPII is a new international collaborative effort between users, developers and industry to build a sustainable infrastructure to make access to all digital technologies technically and economically possible, including access by users who are unable to use or understand today’s technologies. Based on a one-size-fits-one approach, the GPII uses auto-adapting mainstream interfaces, and ubiquitous access to assistive technologies when mainstream interfaces cannot adapt enough, to provide each user with the interface they need. The GPII has three main components: a mechanism to allow individuals to easily discover which interface variations they need and then store it in a secure way on a token or in the cloud; a mechanism to allow them to use these stored needs and preferences to automatically adapt the interfaces on the digital technologies they encounter, anywhere and anytime; and a resource for developers (mainstream and assistive technology) providing the information and tools required to develop, disseminate, and support new access solutions more simply, more quickly, and at lower cost.
A risk model for cloud processes

Traditionally, risk assessment consists of evaluating the probability of "feared events", corresponding to known threats and attacks, as well as these events' severity , corresponding to their impact on one or more stakeholders. Assessing risks of cloud-based processes is particularly difficult due to lack of historical data on attacks, which has prevented frequency-based identification of "typical" threats and attack vectors. Also, the dynamic, multi-party nature of cloud-based processes makes severity assessment very dependent on the particular set of stakeholders involved in each process execution. In this paper, we tackle these problems by presenting a novel, process-oriented quantitative risk assessment methodology aimed at disclosure risks on cloud computing platforms. Key advantages of our methodology include (i) a fully quantitative and iterative approach, which enables stakeholders to compare alternative versions of cloud-based processes (e.g., with and without security controls) (ii) non-frequency-based probability estimates, which allow analyzing threats for which a detailed history is not available (iii) support for quick visual comparisons of risk profiles of alternative processes even when impact cannot be exactly quantified.
Smart City Video Surveillance Systems

In the 21st century, the public security issue is a global concern in the cities which attracts attention from all of the citizens. Although in such a highly advanced world, we could still inevitably encounter some crisis that threatens our security and property. The death of traffic accidents still occupy a large proportion in the city. Hunting for criminals still remains a tricky task for the police. However, with the development of technology and the advent of the internet of things (IoT), smart cities might give the corresponding solution. In order to establish the smart city, the city's intelligent video surveillance system plays an indispensable role in such a field. It can not only collect data from the infrastructure of the cities, but also has capability to analyze the data and give responses accordingly. We believe that we could have better ways to regulate our city and guarantee the safety of our citizens effectively under the help of intelligent video surveillance systems. In this paper, the expectation of this system is described in the beginning. Then, we look into the use case scenarios to specifically learn about what this system could benefit us in our real life and promote the development of the future city. Next, we envision the entire components of this system and its architecture to make sure we could make it possible. And finally, we conclude the issues that still need to be resolved and hope to get the answers in the future.
Design of Mobile Handset Chip Antenna with a Backside Ground for Wi-Fi Application

Abstract In this paper, a new small chip antenna for Wi-Fi application of the mobile handset is proposed. To miniaturize the chip antenna, the proposed antenna is designed to have the backside ground. The proposed antenna has S-shaped structure, which is designed on the LCP(Liquid Crystal Polymer) with e r =3.5. The size of the proposed antenna is 6.0 mm×2.5 mm×1.2 mm. The measured impedance bandwidth under a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 2 was 300 MHz(fractional bandwidth: 12.2 % 2.3 ～ 2.6 GHz), and peak gain is 1.42 dBi. The proposed antenna was designed using CST Microwave Studio commercial software tool. And the fabricated antenna is measured using a network analyzer and in anechoic chamber.Key words : Chip Antenna, Small Antenna, Wi-Fi Antenna, Dielectric Antenna, PIFA Ⅰ . 서 론 최근이동통신휴대단말기에서Wi-Fi 데이터통신용으로사용되는안테나는고유전체(세라믹)를이용한칩형안테나와유전체위에방사체를고정시키는형태의평면형역F 안테나가대표적이다 [1] . 여기서세라믹칩안테나는세라믹유전체표면에패턴을인쇄하여원하는공진주파수를형성하는방식이며, 평면형역F 안테나는사출캐리어에메탈로구현한방사체를용착하여메탈방사체의길이를조절하여통하여공진주파수를조절하는방식이다. 기존세라믹칩안테나의경우, 6～7 정도의유전율을갖는고유전체를사용하여안테나를소형화시키는방법이기때문에임피던스대역폭이감소되는단점을가지고있다
Job Involvement's Mediation Effect On Self- Actualization With Job Satisfaction

Back Ground: Self-actualization factors equanimity is the major influencing factor on job involvement and Continued Freshness of Appreciation is the next most influencing factor of job involvement.The prominence of self-actualization in organizational environment especially related to job satisfaction, job involvement and organizational commitment. SelfActualization has strong influence in determining job satisfaction, job involvement. The purpose of the study to know the relationship between the self-actualization, job involvement and job satisfaction. Methods/Statistical Analysis: 30% respondents choose by stratified purposive random sampling method and in SEM model, AMOS 20 used in this study. Findings: Based on the results of the study, Job Involvement has mediation effect between job satisfaction and self-actualization. Conclusion: The researcher concluded that self-actualization is a vital contribution to job involvement and influences job satisfaction.
The Composition of Calling: Examining Predictors of Calling in First-Year College Students

Abstract:Recent scholarship suggests that sense of calling may strongly correlate with a host of positive life outcomes. It follows that further investigation into the construct of calling may have promising applications for student affairs professionals, whose work is oriented toward helping students achieve such outcomes. To that end, this study drew upon the work of Haworth, McCruden, and Roy (2001) to examine predictors of sense of calling in a sample of 364 first-year college students. Findings indicated that strengths-self efficacy, civic engagement, and spirituality significantly predicted sense of calling in students. Implications for future research and practice are outlined and discussed.
Perceptions of Students on Environmental Impacts of Online Shopping: A Preliminary Study at a Public Malaysian University

The environmental impacts of online shopping are multifaceted as many factors are contributing to the impacts. This study was conducted to determine a public university undergraduate students' perceptions of the environmental impacts of online shopping and their intentions to reduce the impacts by using a questionnaire survey. One hundred twenty-six respondents were engaged through convenient sampling in this study. Results found that the majority of respondents perceived online shopping as environmentally friendly. They perceived that it does not contribute to climate change and will not be a major environmental risk in the future. Type of packaging (77.8%), transport mode of freight (71.5%) and amount of packaging (69.9%) were the top three factors perceived to contribute to environmental impacts. However, a small number of the respondents perceived ICT equipment (32.5%), express delivery (28.5%) and time spent in searching online products (24.6%) were the factors that contribute to environmental impacts. The majority of respondents (74.6%) perceived that packaging waste generation was the major environmental impact of online shopping. In contrast, carbon footprint, energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission made up of 56.4%, 53.3% and 44.4% of the total respondents. Most of the respondents intended to plan first before making any purchase to prevent wastage, reuse the packaging material and maximise the number of items of each purchase to reduce the environmental impacts. This preliminary study can provide the necessary background information on the level of awareness of university undergraduate students on this issue for future environmental education programs on online shopping.
A Novel Model for Anomaly Detection in Network Traffic Based on Support Vector Machine and Clustering

New vulnerabilities and ever-evolving network attacks pose great threats to today’s cyberspace security. Anomaly detection in network traffic is a promising and effective technique to enhance network security. In addition to traditional statistical analysis and rule-based detection techniques, machine learning models are introduced for intelligent detection of abnormal traffic data. In this paper, a novel model named SVM-C is proposed for the anomaly detection in network traffic. The URLs in the network traffic log are transformed into feature vectors via statistical laws and linear projection. The obtained feature vectors are fed into a support vector machine (SVM) classifier and classified as normal or abnormal. Based on the idea of SVM and clustering, we construct an optimization model to train the parameters of the feature extraction method and traffic classifier. Numerical tests indicate that the proposed model outperforms the state of the arts on all the tested datasets.
Climate crisis learning through scaffolded instructional tools

ABSTRACT Objective Socially-relevant and controversial topics, such as the climate crisis, are subject to differences in the explanations that scientists and the public find plausible. Scaffolds can help students be evaluative of the validity of explanations based on evidence when addressing such topics and support knowledge gains. Method This study compared two scaffolds in which students weighed connections between lines of evidence and explanations for the topics of climate change and extreme weather events. Results A Wilcoxon-signed rank test showed that students’ plausibility judgements shifted towards scientifically accepted explanations and that students increased their knowledge about climate crisis topics after completing both activities. A structural equation model suggested that students’ shifts in plausibility judgements drive their knowledge gains for the extreme weather activity, but the climate change activity demonstrated a possible ceiling effect in its usefulness for learning. Conclusions When students choose their lines of evidence and explanatory models, their plausibility reappraisals result in greater levels of post-instructional knowledge. Although effect sizes were modest, the results of this study demonstrate that students’ explicit reappraisal of plausibility judgements can support deeper learning of climate crisis issues.
Host exposure to symbionts and ecological drift generate divergence in parasite community assembly

The initial colonization of a host by symbionts, ranging from parasites to mutualists, can generate priority effects that alter within-host interactions and the trajectory of parasite community assembly. At the same time, variation in parasite communities among hosts can also stem from stochastic processes. Community ecology theory posits that multiple processes (e.g. dispersal, selection and drift) interact to generate variation in community structure, but these processes are rarely considered simultaneously during community assembly. To test the role of these processes in a parasite community, we experimentally simulated dispersal of three symbionts by factorially inoculating individual plants of tall fescue with two foliar fungal parasites, Colletotrichum cereale and Rhizoctonia solani, and a hypothesized mutualist endophyte, Epichloë coenophiala. We then tracked parasite infections longitudinally in the field. After the initial inoculations, hosts were exposed to a common pool of parasites in the field, which we expected to cause parasite communities to converge towards a similar community state. To test for convergence, we analyzed individual hosts’ parasite community trajectories in multivariate space. In contrast to our expectation, there was no signal of convergence. Instead, parasite community trajectories generally diverged over time between treatment groups and the magnitude of divergence depended on the symbiont species inoculated. Parasite communities of hosts that were inoculated with only the mutualist, Epichloë, showed significant trends of divergence relative to all other symbiont inoculation treatments. In contrast, hosts inoculated with only Rhizoctonia did not exhibit clear trends of divergence when compared to other parasite inoculations. Further, co-inoculation with both parasite species resulted in faster rates of divergence and greater temporal change in parasite communities relative to hosts inoculated with only the parasite Colletotrichum. As predicted by existing theory, parasite communities showed evidence of drift during the beginning of the experiment, which contributed to among-host divergence in parasite community structure. Overall, these data provide evidence that initial dispersal of symbionts produced persistent changes in parasite community structure via ecological selection, that drift was important during the early stages of parasite community assembly, and together, dispersal, selection and drift resulted in parasite community divergence. Open Research statement The data and code that support the findings of this study are available through Zenodo at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5714452
The station access task in Melbourne

This paper reviews rail station access outcomes and potentials across the Melbourne metropolitan area. Assumptions and discussions around rail transit access tend to emphasise the issue of park and ride (P&R) to a degree that is not borne-out by the reality of access to stations in usage statistics. Equally, a great deal of energy is invested in discussion of sustainable planning and ‘integration’, without making the vital connection between mass transit and new investments in walking and in cycling infrastructure for access to transit. In this paper, we critically review the level of performance in station access mode shares across Melbourne – using techniques such as cluster analysis, in combination with mapping and cross-references to broader demographic and land-use trends. We find that P&R in Melbourne are sometimes a ‘poor fit’ by being heavily utilised in some middle-suburban locations. Melbourne's bus–rail connectivity is patchy – with some locations delivering high levels of bus-based access to rail and other locations under-playing this important option. Trams are found to be a surprisingly important and high-impact mode of access to heavy rail, and implications from this finding are put forward. Melbourne demonstrates poor outcomes in generating trips to the station by bicycle – and the paper delivers discussion and suggestions around a potential new direction for cycling policy and infrastructure in Melbourne.
Automatic dimensional synthesis without optimization for stepped impedance low‐pass filters

An automatic procedure for direct‐dimension definition of stepped‐impedance low‐pass filters is presented. The procedure does not require any kind of iterative optimization, thus resulting in a very fast design. Two examples of rectangular waveguide low‐pass filters are presented. The results are validated through mode matching and finite‐element method analyses, showing excellent agreement. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 44: 190–194, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20583
Optimised implementation of a matched filter bank for ultrawideband radios

Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology dates back to early 1980s and was originally employed in radar applications. Unlike any narrowband or broadband communication systems, an UWB system does not employ any radio frequency (RF) carrier for data transmission. Instead it uses very short period electrical pulses in the order of hundreds of pico-seconds to few nano-seconds, which justifies the availability of an ultra-high bandwidth. From a hardware implementation viewpoint, UWB system design presents many challenges such as synchronisation, power limitation and receiver design. However, the design of an UWB transceiver is less complex given the fact that the RF carrier is eliminated. In an UWB transceiver, most of the processing is performed in the digital baseband while the analog front end is responsible for amplification, filtering and quantisation. A bank of matched filters constitutes the major portion of digital baseband section in an UWB transceiver. This paper presents the design, optimisation and field programmable gate array (FPGA) implementation of the matched filter bank as an attempt to minimise the overall circuit complexity, achieve higher data rates and low power consumption in UWB radios.
Proceedings of the 12th Annual Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Applications and Planning Meeting

The meeting gave PTTI managers, systems engineers, and program planners a transparent view of the state-of-the-art, an opportunity to express needs, a view of important future trends, and a review of relevant past accomplishments. The PTTI users were provided with new and useful applications, procedures, and techniques. Emphasis is placed on military applications and avionics.