Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Prospective Payment Systems on Health Care Providers’ Behavior: A Case Study of Global Surgeries Payment System in Iran

Background: Global payment system is a kind of case-based payment system which pays for 60 commonly surgical operations by the average cost for each specified surgery case in Iran. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of this payment system on the number of services provided for each global surgical case versus fee-for-service (FFS) for the same operation. Methods: This is a retrospective study based on data from a large referral teaching hospital in Iran in the period of 2012-2015. Information related to 46 surgeries was performed which both global and FFS documents were gathered (N=7672). Statistical analysis was done on variables including Length of stay (LOS), Blood test (BT), Radiology (RA) and a mixed variable named VC (visit and consult number). Data were analyzed by a zero-inflated negative binomial regression model using STATA 11. Results: Descriptive analysis showed the mean of each service was significantly (p<0.001) higher in the FFS document’s group rather than the global payment group. Regression estimates showed the amounts of each service including LOS, BT, RA and VC were significantly (p<0.001) higher in FFS surgery than global documents for the 15 selected surgery. LOS and BT have shown a significantly higher amount in 100% of surgeries for FFS above global document. Same as for Radiology test and VC variables, there were significantly higher amounts in 93% of surgeries for FFS above global hospital documents. Conclusion: The findings can reinforce the presence of a relationship between providing more clinical services in FFS document form and providers’ incentives to adjust profits against their Costs. The significantly higher service provision in FFS documents can be controlled with a prospective global payment mechanism.
A Comprehensive Review on Various State-Of-The-Art Techniques for Composite Sketch Matching

Facial Sketches are most widely used in law enforcement agencies for identification and apprehension of suspect which may involve in several criminal activities. If the photographs of the suspect is store in the mug shot data base then the identity of the suspect is possible but in most of the cases that it is a possibility that the photographs of the suspect is not available in the mug shot then two methods are used first is forensic sketch and second is composite sketch software. The sketch used in investigations are either drawn by expert artist (forensic sketch) or created with the help of computer software (composite software sketches), the forensic sketch is drawn by expert artist by following the verbal description provided by an eyewitness. In this research article we have analysed various state-of-the-art techniques for composite sketch matching
RESTORASI CITRA KABUR (BLUR) MENGGUNAKANALGORITMA WIENER

Image Restoration (Restorasi Citra) yaitu mencari terlebih dahulu penyebab kerusakan citra setelah itu baru mengaplikasikan teknik – teknik yang ada untuk memperbaikinya. Teknik restorasi berorientasi pada pemodelan degradasi dan melakukan proses kebalikan dari degradasi dalam merecover Citra aslinya. Beberapa contoh kerusakan yang bisa di restorasi seperti: blur/ kabur ,bintikbintik, dual image, over saturated color, dan pixel error. Degradasi yang dibahas pada tulisan ini adalah pengaburan (deblurring), yaitu motion blur dan Gaussian blur. Algoritma Wiener digunakan untuk memperaiki/ merestorasi Citra yang telah diberi efek kabur tersebut. Penapis Wiener adalah metode restorasi yang berdasarkan pada least square. Penapis ini meminimumkan galat restorasi, yaitu selisih antar Citra restorasi dengan Citra asli. Tujuan tulisan ini yaitu menyelidiki kemampuan algoritma Wiener dalam memperbaiki degradasi kabur pada citra. Dari eksperimen disimpulkan bahwa Algoritma Wiener dapat memperbaiki citra kabur dengan berbagai tingkat kekaburan. persentase perbaikan yang terjadi setelah pengaplikasian algoritma Wiener pada citra kabur yaitu berkisar antara 36.4410% s/d 51.1829%, dengan rata-rata keseluruhan 43.5539%.
Evaluation of the detection ability of a multi-sensor system under weak light

Target detection plays an important role in the field of autonomous driving. During the driving of the vehicle, the detection system is susceptible to the low illumination of the road at night, resulting in the inability to detect the target. Therefore, night detection becomes a difficult problem in target detection. With the continuous development of sensor types and related algorithms used in night detection systems, how to evaluate the detection capabilities of night detection systems has become an urgent problem to be solved. To solve this problem, an evaluation method for evaluating multi-sensor target detection systems is proposed. It is used to evaluate the target detection ability of the target detection system in the night road environment. This method uses the response characteristics of lidar, depth camera, and RGB camera to the surrounding environment, takes the surface illuminance and BRDF of the target as input variables, and uses the minimum distance classification method to realize the lateral evaluation and comparison of different sensors. And it is obtained that the BRDF limit of the detected samples is 0.057127 sr-1 under the 0.51lx illumination and the BRDF difference limit of the distinguished samples is 0.01953 sr-1 under the 0.98lx illumination of the RGB camera. Finally, the effectiveness of the evaluation method is proved by the test of the response signal of a single sensor.
NATURE AND CAUSES OF RECIDIVISM AMONG THE PRISONERS: A STUDY ON TANGAIL DISTRICT JAIL, BANGLADESH

Recidivism is a serious problem in our country. It is necessary to know the causes, nature, and patterns of recidivists. This study examined the nature and causes of recidivism among prisoners in Tangail district jail. A cross-sectional research design was employed in this study. Structured questionnaires were administered to 27 prisoners, who were selected from the jail using a convenience sampling techniques. Most of the recidivists were male and average age is 30 years. Most of them were illiterate and lower class. Narcotic abuse, theft, and women and child torture and trafficking were the committed crime by recidivists. The study found that several social causes like broken family, lack of parental care, ethnicity, political contention and psychological causes like mental depravity, inferiority complex and lack of self-control are the underlying causes for recidivism. Furthermore, the phenomenon of recidivism is an outcome of many factors, including failure in parole and probation, ineffectiveness of correctional methods etc. The study recommends that to address the phenomenon of recidivism can be lessened by enhancing policing service, ensuring an appropriate, consistent and fair justice system, and by proving a safe, secure and human custodial environment as well as an effective community corrections environment.
Shared User Interfaces of Physiological Data: Exploring the Interaction Contexts of Social Biofeedback Systems in HCI. LHVX7

As an emerging interaction paradigm, physiological computing is increasingly being used to both measure and feed back information about our internal psychophysiological states. Whilst most applications of physiological computing are designed for individual use, recent research has explored how biofeedback can be socially shared between multiple users to augment human-human communication. Reflecting on the empirical progress in this area of study, this paper presents a systematic review of 64 studies to characterise the interaction contexts and effects of social biofeedback systems. Our findings highlight the diversity of computing, physio-temporal and social contextual factors surrounding physiological data sharing as well as how it can promote social-emotional competences. We also present the Social Biofeedback Interactions framework to articulate the current physiological-social interaction space. We use this to frame our discussion of the implications of our findings for future research and design of social biofeedback interfaces.
Analyzing the Factors Influencing Acceptance of Mobile Banking Services

: With the ongoing digital revolution in India, along with e-commerce, m-commerce has also taken the important position in day-to-day business activities and banking services are not behind. The banks are connecting to their customers using internet and online banking users are increasing by leaps and bounds. With the advent of smartphones, mobile banking is becoming increasingly popular and has changed the way people used to do banking. The past few years have seen some major innovations in the sector, leading to a shift in the way people use the financial services provided by the banks. Entry of Mobile banking services have enabled customers to virtually do banking from anywhere at any time. The present study analyzes the factors influencing acceptance of Mobile Banking Services.
The Effects of Acute Blood Loss on Inflammatory and Bone Biomarkers, Acid-base Balance, Blood Gases and Hemato-biochemical Profiles in Sedated Donkeys (Equus asinus)

The current experiment was designed to investigate the possible effects of acute blood loss on the inflammatory and bone biomarkers status, acid-base balance, blood gases, and hemato-biochemical profiles in sedated donkeys (Equus asinus). For the induction of acute blood loss, collected 900mL of blood from the carotid artery of 10 male donkeys sedated with xylazine HCl (1mg/kg). For analysis, five blood samples were collected; collected the 1st (T0) before induction of blood loss and the other 4 (T1, T2, T3 and T4) collected at 30, 60, 120 and 240min post-blood loss. The serum concentrations of amyloid A (SAA) and haptoglobin (Hp) decreased at all-time points after blood loss compared to T0, but the differences were non-significant. The differences in levels of serum biomarkers osteocalcin (OC), β-alkaline phosphatase (β-ALP) and pyridinoline cross-links (PYD) at all-time points post blood loss compared to T0 values were also non-significant. Except for PCO2, the acid-base status and blood gases, including pH, PO2, HCO3, TCO2, sO2, base excess, anion gap and lactate, increased significantly after blood withdrawal. On the contrary, most of the measured hemato-biochemical parameters decreased significantly after blood loss, except for glucose. In conclusion, acute blood loss in sedated donkeys did not influence serum concentrations of the inflammatory biomarkers SAA and Hp and the markers of bone metabolism OC, β-ALP, and PYD. On the contrary, most acid-base, blood gas parameters, and hemato-biochemical parameters differed significantly after blood withdrawal compared to their values before blood loss.
How Diseases Spread: Embodied Learning of Emergence with Cellulo Robots

: Embodiment has been known to have several benefits for learning. However, implementing embodied learning in a classroom with technologies such as Kinect, augmented, virtual and mixed reality and tangible objects is a challenge because of the infrastructural and logistical constraints. In this work, we present one case of an effective implementation of an embodied learning activity in a classroom. We employed hand-held robots called Cellulo to design a mixed virtual-physical activity to help high school children learn the concepts of emergent behaviour. We found that the activity was effective for learning and was perceived as engaging and useful by the teachers and students. This work contributes to the design and practice of implementing embodied learning in a classroom.
Convolutional Code Constraint Length over Rayleigh Fading Channel: Performance Evaluation and Hardware Aspects

— In this paper, the performance of convolutional code constraint length for bandwidth efficient transmission over AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels is presented. Using intensive simulation and in terms of BER error floor, we evaluate the performance of binary phase shift keying (BPSK) mapping scheme. In addition, the hardware implementation considerations based on the Digital Signal Processor (DSP) platform of convolutional decoding are discussed. To be more specific, the code constraint length effect on both memory management and clock cycles are considered.
The National Research Institute A Discussion Paper UNDERSTANDING WHAT DRIVES TAX MORALE by

------------------------------------------------------This paper was prepared as a basis for discussion at a Symposium organized by the National Research Institute (NRI). It is circulated to inform interested persons with regards to research in progress at the Institute. As work on this manuscript is still in progress, it is not a publication and is subject to revision; comments are invited to improve the final version. The views and opinions expressed, which are exposed in this paper for further public debate, are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of NRI or its directors.
Hope Intervention against Depression in the Survivors of Cold Lava Flood from Merapi Mount

The series of Mount Merapi eruptions, which involved a big explosion on 26 October 2010, had been made the damages. It caused the residents, especially those having responsible for other people such as mothers, volunteers, teachers and village apparatus, get depressed. They went through so much depression because besides as survivors their beings were important to others. Therefore, the impacts they felt were not only physical but also psychological. In addition to depression, they were attacked by anxiety. The subjects of this research were groups of mothers, volunteers, teachers and village officials of Sirahan Village, Magelang Regency. Intervention of Hope to lessen depression was taken to them in order to help them face the postdisaster situations. Hope Intervention covered session aiming to identify goals, plan strategies and strengthen motivation to reach the goals. The intervention was taken in four-time meeting with duration of more or less two hours per meeting. The research used a design involving untreated control group with dependent pre-test and post-test and waiting list control group. The control group was given the same treatment after the research process ended. The scores gained by both groups were analyzed with Mann-Whitney Test. The data resulted from observation were analyzed qualitatively. Both analyzing methods showed that there was significant difference of the average of depression rate between the experiment group and the control group at the pre-test and post-test with the value of F = 11.589; p=0.001 (p<0.05). This result showed that hope intervention had significant influence on decreasing the depression rate in the experiment group compared with that in the control group. Therefore it can be concluded that Hope Intervention can lessen depression in the survivors of natural disaster. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the Organizing Committee of CPSYC 2014.
A review of forest fire research directions: Different approaches for one goal

Forest fires cause environmental and economic damages every year, espe - cially in the southern part of Europe. Approaches to estimate the fire risk vary from practical to scientific, since different professions as firefighters, meteo - rologists, soldiers and foresters are involved. The Internet of Things enables to connect different sources of information in one place, however, the understand- ing of usage and processes that caused the disaster sometimes is missing. The aim of this article is to give a comprehensive overview of nowadays possibilities for fighting with the fires and categorization of different methods, techniques and approaches. Considering the timeline of the information about fires we are dealing with, we propose three categories: past which mostly refers to analysis, present which encompasses monitoring and future covering forecasting. Each of the categories is described in detail, confirmed with related work and examples, and enriched with challenges and future directions. Dealing with forest fires is very complex, therefore it is difficult to deal with all proposed categories at the same time. However, due to the growing amount of available information and increasing interest of scientists from different research fields, there are more examples of intertwined areas dealing with forest fires. It is expected that in the future it will be possible, in real time, to handle various sources of data and forecast fire danger and risk with high spatial and temporal resolution.
INCREASING THE IMMUNIZING VALUE OF A Clostridium septicum STRAIN

The pathology caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Clostridium is a major cause of economic loss in small ruminant herds. The clinical manifestations caused by these pathogens are the result of a wide and variable spectrum of toxins released during their multiplication. The aim of this study was to enhance the toxigenesis of one of the Clostridium septicum isolates and to select the most productive clone, being the closest to the field strain. The strain toxicity was improved by passages on guinea pigs. In vivo assays on balb/C mice were confirmed by in vitro experiments (Western Blott, semi quantitative dosing of cytopathic effect and quantification of hemolytic activity). Assessment of the immunizing value was carried out by seroneutralization in mice. The selected and improved strain produced a toxin with a biological value superior to the minimum recommended limits for the formulation of anaerobic vaccines for small ruminants.
Heterogeneous Scene Analysis via Self-supervised Audiovisual Learning

Audiovisual concurrency provides potential cues for perceiving and understanding the outside world. Such concurrency comes from the simple phenomena of “Sound is produced by the oscillation of object”, and exists through our daily life, such as the talking crowd, the barking dog, the roaring machine, etc. These inherent and pervasive correspondences provide us the reference to distinguish and correlate different audiovisual messages, then contribute to learning diversified visual appearances from their produced sounds, or perceiving various acoustic signals from their diversified sound-makers.
EFFECT OF AUXIN AND CYTOKININ FOR INVITRO REGENERATION OF PRUNUS DOMESTICA L. VAR. PIONEER EXPLANTS: AN ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT FRUIT TREE

This study was conducted to know the effect of Auxin a d Cytokinin type and its concentration for invitro propagation of Prunus domestica L.var. Pioneer expl ants. Pioneer explants were sterilized by using diff erent concentration of sodium hypochlorite and mercuric c hloride, and then cultured on Murashige and Skoog m edia supplemented with different concentration of BAP or KIN alone and in combination with IBA. The shoots were transferred to half strength MS medium supplemented with varying concentrations of IBA or IAA for root growt h and development. Explants disinfected with sodium hypochl orite (2%) for 15 minutes and mercuric chloride (0. 1 %) for 7 minutes has highest significant survival value. The highest growth and development rate of shoots was o btained on media with BAP and poor multiplication was achieved o n media with KIN. From different combinations of KIN or BAP with IBA, the highest shoot induction was observed on M S media supplemented with 0.5 mg/L BAP in combination with 0.1 mg/L IBA with an average number of 3.18 ± 0.58 sho ots per explants and 3.36 ± 0.29 cm average shoot l ength. The highest rooting was observed on 1.0 mg/L IBA with an average number of 4.05 ± 1.2 roots per shoot and 3.66 ± 0.1 cm average root length.
Font Style Transfer Using Deep Learning

Font style transfer is a task of inferring a font style from a set of characters and generating a different set of characters exhibiting the inferred style. Font style transfer is a generalisation of a problem of filling in fonts that do not define certain characters. This projects explores the applicability of deep neural networks for inferring style and generating character images. Existing approaches are reviewed and discussed. A general system for font style transfer is designed and evaluated both quantitatively and qualitatively. The results show significant improvement over a previous method. Two improvements to the designed system are proposed in generative adversarial training and image function representations. Both approaches show qualitative improvements and possible future work directions.
Environmental Compliance over Marine Fuels

The maritime transport accounts for around 80% of global trade by volume, and 70% of global trade by value, according to the UN Conference on Trade and Development. In Brazilian exports, this modal is used in around 95% of cases. This economic importance justifies the concern of international organizations about its efficiency and sustainability. On this path, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has several rules on navigation to safeguard and protect the environment. The overall limit established nowadays by IMO is 3.5%, set by the Annex VI from the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships. Currently there is a global articulation towards the removal of sulphur chemical composition used in fuels of ships, in some areas the amount of sulphur reduced even more dramatically, from 1% until December 2014 to 0.1% in January 2015, they form Sulphur Emission Control Areas (ECAs), which intend to maintain derivatives sulphur emission levels lower than 0.1%. This measure can have many indirect effects, especially related to international trade, environmental compliance eventually causing trade imbalances. This legal research is based on deductive method, arguments and facts perceived in this research intend to result in a theoretical examination and analysis of data collected and/or provided by shipping companies that might improve understanding of the phenomenon.
Optimization of a Hybrid Traffic Identification Model Based on DPI

In recent years, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) provide increasingly extensive services, and a large number of applications came into being. These applications provide users a lot of convenience, lead to the network traffic flow increasing, and make the complexity of flow components increasing. In this paper, we design a new DPI module based on OpenDPI. The experiments show that the hybrid model has been achieved the precision of >96%.
The social requirements help to the widening circle of social relations and take personal responsibility and attention, and independence academic and social independence, through social networking. A social network is a social structure made up of individuals or organizations

This paper is to find out how to explore the effect of the use of social media in the educational process, During the COVID-19 pandemic. The effect of the use of social media in education has a great effect on the benefits of use, cooperation, interaction, and time spent on social networks the longtime of social communication means increasing interaction, cooperation and sharing. The availability of educational content on social networks leads to first, increased interaction and collaboration. Second, increased content exchange and interaction. Third the content will not be limited to a certain class of students or teachers, but it will be open to everyone. The findings of this study can effectively first, assist students in learning. Second, Students can improve their knowledge not only from the in-class instruction, but also through peer assessing on social media. Third this will improve the quality of educational content and this will have positive effects in the educational process. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the online learning system service has come to play a fundamental role in the educational and social process, as students or teachers spend a long time on the Internet in websites and social networking sites.