Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seismic scattering in the upper crystalline crust based on evidence from sonic logs

SUMMARY Evidence from sonic logs indicates that velocity fluctuations in the upper crystalline crust are remarkably uniform. This motivates a generic approach to classifying uppercrustal seismic heterogeneity and to studying implications for seismic wave propagation. The resulting canonical model of upper-crustal seismic structure is characterized by a spatially isotropic von Karman autocovariance function with a z 100 m, ~~0.15, and CJ ~300 m s-’. Small-angle scattering theory is used to predict the transition from weak to strong scattering as well as phase fluctuations and scattering attenuation. Compared with ‘exponential’ random media (v = 0.50), the high fractal dimension (i.e. small values of v) of upper-crustal heterogeneity causes smaller phase fluctuations, and transition from weak to strong scattering at lower frequencies and shorter path lengths. Acoustic finite-difference modelling shows that seismic reflections from deterministic features surrounded by heterogeneities are severely degraded when they fall into the strong scattering regime. Conversely, traveltime fluctuations of transmitted waves are found to be relatively insensitive to the transition from weak to strong scattering. Upper-crustal scattering Q is predicted to lie between 600 and 1500, which is one to two orders of magnitude higher than Q-values inferred from seismic data. This suggests that seismic attenuation in the upper crystalline crust is dominated by anelastic effects rather than by scattering
TMAP Wadden Sea Sedimentation Database

Elevation changes in the salt marshes of the Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea National Park are measured annually since 1992 in relation to sea level rise, vegetation changes and salt marsh management by means of sedimentation-erosion-bar (SEB) measurements. In total, 144 permanent plots were established along transects with a concentration to three different locations along the coast, namely the Hamburger Hallig, the salt marshes of Westerhever and on the island of Trischen. The measurements are part of the Trilateral Monitoring and Assesment Programm (TMAP) within the trilateral Wadden Sea Cooperation. The data provide a baseline for further studies of vegetation changes in salt marshes and in relation to management and coastal protection activities. This report describes the available content in the TMAP Wadden Sea Sedimentation Database (GIVD ID EU-DE-032).
Yeni̇ Teşvi̇k Programi: Stokasti̇k Sinir Anali̇zi̇ İle Bi̇r Değerlendi̇rme

2012 yilindan itibaren bolgesel yatirim tesvik uygulamalarinda bir taraftan desteklenen bolge sayisi artmis diger taraftan da stratejik yatirim uygulamasi ile birlikte destek unsurlari genisletilmistir. Bu calismada tum illeri kapsayan yeni tesvik programinin etkinligi stokastik sinir analizi ile tartisilmis ve 26 bolge kapsaminda degerlendirilen illerin katma degerinde etkinsizlik tespit edilmistir. Elde edilen bulgulara gore etkinsizligin ortadan kaldirilabilmesi icin de tesvik sisteminde istihdam, isgucune katilim orani ve girisim sayisinin artirilmasini saglayacak tedbirlere daha fazla yer verilmesi gerektigi sonucuna ulasilmistir.
'Of Red War and Little Else': European Responses to Indigenous Violence in the Tasman World, c.1769-1850s

Europeans responded to indigenous internecine violence in a variety of ways in the Tasman world from first contact to the middle of the nineteenth century. Whereas extant historiography has previously addressed European responses to Māori and Aboriginal violence in geographic and temporal isolation, a comparison spanning time and space augments knowledge of these responses. Violence was not the only aspect of indigenous societies Europeans responded to, nor was indigenous violence the only justification for colonisation. However an investigation of the ways in which Europeans represented and responded to indigenous violence enables a better understanding of the processes of the colonisation of the Tasman world. Indigenous internecine violence included cannibalism, infanticide, inter-gender violence, and inter-tribal warfare. Through a wide variety of European observations of this violence, this thesis identifies an initial conceptualisation of both New Zealand Māori and Aboriginal peoples of Australia as violent, cannibal ‘savages’. This conceptualisation was used to justify both colonisation and the related evangelical and colonial administrative attempts to suppress indigenous violence, as internecine violence was deemed ‘un-civilised’, unchristian, and unacceptable. Europeans attempted to suppress indigenous violence as it was seen both as an impediment to colonisation and, relatedly, as an inhibitor to the ‘redemption’ of indigenous peoples. While indigenous violence was seen as a barrier to colonisation, however, it was also simultaneously used to promote colonisation. Thus the attempted suppression of indigenous violence developed into the European mobilisation and utilisation of intra-Māori and intra-Aboriginal violence in the promotion of colonisation. The development of European responses to indigenous internecine violence – from conceptualisations, through attempted suppression, to utilisation – is here examined in a Tasman-world context, drawing upon the interactions between these varied responses. In tracing this development within a comparative framework, both indigenous agency and a rejection of the historiographically persistent notions of a homogenous (and harmonious) Aboriginal Australia and a homogenous Māori people during this time period are key threads.
Subduction zone coupling and tectonic block rotations in the North Island, New Zealand

[1] The GPS velocity field in the North Island of New Zealand is dominated by the long-term tectonic rotation of the eastern North Island and elastic strain from stress buildup on the subduction zone thrust fault. We simultaneously invert GPS velocities, earthquake slip vectors, and geological fault slip rates in the North Island for the angular velocities of elastic crustal blocks and the spatially variable degree of coupling on faults separating the blocks. This approach allows us to estimate the distribution of interseismic coupling on the subduction zone interface beneath the North Island and the kinematics of the tectonic block rotations. In agreement with previous studies we find that the subduction zone interface beneath the southern North Island has a high slip rate deficit during the interseismic period, and the slip rate deficit decreases northward along the margin. Much of the North Island is rotating as several, distinct tectonic blocks (clockwise at 0.5-3.8 deg Myr -1 ) about nearby axes relative to the Australian Plate. This rotation accommodates much of the margin-parallel component of motion between the Pacific and Australian plates. On the basis of our estimation of the block kinematics we suggest that rotation of the eastern North Island occurs because of the southward increasing thickness of the subducting Hikurangi Plateau. These results have implications for our understanding of convergent margin plate boundary zones around the world, particularly with regard to our knowledge of mechanisms for rapid tectonic block rotations at convergent margins and the role of block rotations in the slip partitioning process.
Multidisciplinary Team Meeting in the Core of Nasopharyngeal Cancer Management Improved Quality of Care and Survival of Patients

Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) cases are often diagnosed in advanced stages. The complexity of clinical management for advanced-stage NPC requires thorough communication and shared decisions between medical professionals and allied teams. Incorporating a multidisciplinary team meeting (MDTM) for newly diagnosed NPC patients was chosen to facilitate collaboration and communication between physicians. This retrospective study aimed to compare the quality of care, clinical responses and survival between NPC patients treated with and without MDTM. Data on clinical responses, assessment visits, date of progression and death with progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and hazard ratio (HR) were collected and analyzed with 95% confidence interval (CI) and significance set as P < . 05. There were 87 of 178 NPC patients treated with MDTM. Revisions of diagnosis and stage occurred in 5.7% and 52.9% of cases during the MDTM. More clinical responses were achieved by patients treated with MDTM (69.0%vs 32.0%, P < .00). NPC patients who received MDTM treatment recommendation had a lower risk for progression (median PFS 59.89 months vs 12.68 months; HR 0.267, 95% CI: 0.17-0.40, P < .00) and mortality (median OS was not reached vs 13.44 months; HR 0.134, 95% CI: 0.08-0.24, P < .00) compared to patients without MDTM. Incorporating the MDTM approach into NPC management improves patients’ clinical responses and survival.
On variations and mutations

VERY interesting and instructive analogies exist between the history, aims and methods of comparative philology, on the one hand and those of animal morphology, on the other. In both sciences the attempt is made to trace the development of the modern from the ancient, to demonstrate the common origin of things now widely separated and differing in all apparent chal'acteristics and to establish the modes in which and the factors or canses by which this evolutiou and differentiation have been effected. At the present time morphology is still far behind the science of language with regard to the solution of many of these kindred problems and can hardly be said to have advanced beyond the stage which called forth Voltaire's famous sneel': "Vetymologie est une science ou les voyelles ne font rien, et les consonnes fort peu de chose. " Of the animal pedigrees, now so frequently propounded, few have any better foundatiou than the" guessing etymologies" of the last century and for exactly the same reason. Just as the old etymologists had no test to distinguish a true derivation from a false one, except a likeness in sound and meaning in the words compared, so the modern morphologist is yet without any sure test of the relationships of animals except certain likenesses or unlikenesses of stmctnre. How much weight is to be allowed a given siniilarity and how far this is offset by a dissimilarity which accompanies it, we have, as yet, few means of determining and have still to discover those laws of organic change which shall render the same service to morphology as Grimm's law has done to the study of the
X-ray excited luminescent nanoparticles for deep photodynamic therapy

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), as a non-invasive treatment, has received wide attention because of its high selectivity and low side effects. However, traditional PDT is influenced by the excitation light source and the light penetration depth is limited, which can only be used for superficial epidermal tumor treatment, and it is still a great challenge for deep tumor treatment. In recent years, X-ray excitation photodynamic therapy (X-PDT) using penetrating X-rays as an external excitation source and X-ray excited luminescent nanoparticles (XLNP) as an energy transfer medium to indirectly excite photosensitizer (PS) has solved the problem of insufficient penetration depth in tissues and become a research hotspot in the field of deep tumor treatment. In this review, the recent research progress of nanoparticles for efficient X-PDT, listing different types of XLNP and luminescence enhancement strategies. The loading method of PS is highlighted to achieve efficient energy transfer by regulating the intermolecular distance between both XLNP/PS. In addition, the water-soluble modification of XLNP surface is discussed and different hydrophilic modification methods are proposed to provide reference ideas for improving the dispersibility and biocompatibility of XLNP in aqueous solution. Finally, the therapeutic effects about X-PDT are discussed, and the current challenges and future perspectives for its clinical applications are presented.
The Syphilis Epidemic Among Heterosexuals Is Accelerating: Evidence From King County, Washington

Abstract Background We characterized the rapid increase in syphilis among cisgender women in King County, Washington, and compared it with trends among cisgender men who have sex with men. Method We used surveillance data from King County, 2007 to 2022, to describe incidence trends stratified by syphilis stage, gender, and gender of sex partners; trends in pregnant cases and congenital syphilis; and trends in rapid plasma reagin titer at diagnosis among late/unknown duration cases. We used joinpoint regression to analyze trends. Results Among cisgender women, all-stage syphilis incidence remained stable from 2007 to 2010 but then increased by 16.3% per year (95% CI, 12.0%–20.7%) from 2010 to 2020 and 90.1% per year (95% CI, 26.4%–185.9%) from 2020 to 2022. Early syphilis rates rose gradually from 2007 to 2017 (18% per year; 95% CI, 7.4%–29.6%) and then rapidly from 2017 to 2022 (62.5% per year; 95% CI, 24.1%–112.9%). In contrast, the increase in late/unknown duration syphilis incidence was delayed. Among cisgender men who have sex with women, all-stage syphilis remained stable from 2007 to 2014 and increased 25.0% per year (95% CI, 14.0%–37.0%) from 2014 to 2022. Syphilis incidence increased steadily among men who have sex with men, with all-stage incidence increasing 7.0% per year (95% CI, 4.8%–9.2%) from 2007 to 2022. Median rapid plasma reagin titer among late/unknown duration cases increased significantly over the analysis period. Conclusions An explosive epidemic of syphilis is ongoing in King County. The delayed increase in asymptomatic late/unknown duration cases relative to early symptomatic cases suggests that there is a large and growing reservoir of recently acquired undiagnosed syphilis in women. New clinical and public health activities are urgently needed to control the growing epidemic.
Detection of Ehrlichia minasensis in a Female Winter Tick (Dermacentor albipictus) Feeding on a Moose (Alces alces) in Western Canada

Abstract: Ehrlichia minasensis, a pathogen of cattle in Brazil, was detected in genomic DNA of a female Dermacentor albipictus feeding on a moose (Alces alces) in west-central Saskatchewan, Canada. This bacterium has not previously been confirmed in ticks in Canada. It is unknown whether moose are reservoirs for E. minasensis.
Proteasome inhibitors as anticancer agents

ABSTRACT Introduction The therapeutic targeting of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) through inhibitors of the 20S proteasome core proteolytic activities has revolutionized the treatment of hematological malignancies and is paving the way for its extension to solid tumors. Areas covered This review covers the progress made in the field of proteasome inhibitors, ranging from the first-generation bortezomib to the latest second-generation inhibitors such as carfilzomib and ixazomib as well as the proteasome inhibitors in clinical phase such as oprozomib and marizomib. The development of selective and potent proteasome inhibitors with improved pharmacological properties is described from the synthesis to their basic biological, and clinical validation. Expert opinion Proteasome inhibitors have transformed the treatment landscape for hematological malignancies and hold great promise for cancer therapy. Combination therapies targeting multiple pathways, the development of novel inhibitors or ‘hybrid-inhibitors,’ and the optimization of treatment protocols are key areas for future exploration. The extension of proteasome inhibitors for the treatment of solid tumors, and their ability to pass the blood–brain barrier open new possibilities for treating central nervous system cancers. However, managing adverse effects, particularly those affecting the central nervous system, remains a critical consideration and a strategic ‘working on’ aspect for the near future.
Les sources de protéines dans l’alimentation du bétail en France : la place des oléoprotéagineux

En France, les aliments concentres totalisent 30 millions de tonnes de matieres premieres parmi lesquelles 64 % sont des cereales et 22 % des tourteaux d’oleagineux. Le deficit francais en matieres riches en proteines (dosant plus de 15 % de proteines) qui etait d’environ 70 % dans les annees 1980 a baisse en dessous de 40 % successivement grâce au developpement du pois dans les annees 1990 puis du colza depuis les annees 2000 avec des surfaces totales cultivees de 2,5 millions d’hectares environ. Le tourteau de soja reste le premier tourteau utilise en France mais ses importations baissent, notamment depuis 2009, et il n’a represente que 3,3 millions de tonnes sur la campagne 2012/2013. L’utilisation du tourteau de soja non OGM diminue egalement avec 0,6 million de tonnes en 2012 contre 1,2 en 2002. Les tourteaux de colza et tournesol ont quant a eux atteint respectivement 2,3 et 1,4 millions de tonnes en 2012/2013 parmi lesquels 700 000 tonnes de tourteau de tournesol High pro (a 36 % de proteines) importees de la zone Mer noire et 600 000 tonnes de differentes qualites produites en France. Depuis 2013, des tourteaux de tournesol High pro sont egalement produits en France a Bassens. Les prix des MRP suivent le marche mondial du tourteau de soja mais la demande francaise pour des matieres premieres non OGM permet une meilleure valorisation des sources de proteines locales.
Offsetting global CO2 emissions by restoration of degraded soils and intensification of world agriculture and forestry

Increase in atmospheric concentration of CO2 from 285 parts per million by volume (ppmv) in 1850 to 370 ppm in 2000 is attributed to emissions of 270 ± 30 Pg carbon (C) from fossil fuel combustion and 136 ± 55 Pg C by land‐use change. Present levels of anthropogenic emissions involve 6·3 Pg C by fossil fuel emissions and 1·8 Pg C by land‐use change. Out of the historic loss of terrestrial C pool of 136 ± 55 Pg, 78 ± 12 Pg is due to depletion of soil organic carbon (SOC) pool comprising 26 ± 9 Pg due to accelerated soil erosion. A large proportion of the historic SOC lost can be resequestered by enhancing the SOC pool through converting to an appropriate land use and adopting recommended management practices (RMPs). The strategy is to return biomass to the soil in excess of the mineralization capacity through restoration of degraded/desertified soils and intensification of agricultural and forestry lands. Technological options for agricultural intensification include conservation tillage and residue mulching, integrated nutrient management, crop rotations involving cover crops, practices which enhance the efficiency of water, plant nutrients and energy use, improved pasture and tree species, controlled grazing, and judicious use of inptus. The potential of SOC sequestration is estimated at 1–2 Pg C yr−1 for the world, 0·3–0·6 Pg C yr−1 for Asia, 0·2–0·5 Pg C yr−1 for Africa and 0·1–0·3 Pg C yr−1 for North and Central America and South America, 0·1–0·3 Pg C yr−1 for Europe and 0·1–0·2 Pg C yr−1 for Oceania. Soil C sequestration is a win–win strategy; it enhances productivity, improves environment moderation capacity, and mitigates global warming. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ggkegg: analysis and visualization of KEGG data utilizing the grammar of graphics

Abstract Summary The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database serves as a valuable systems biology resource and is widely utilized in diverse research fields. However, existing software does not allow flexible visualization and network analyses of the vast and complex KEGG data. We developed ggkegg, an R package that integrates KEGG information with ggplot2 and ggraph. ggkegg enables enhanced visualization and network analyses of KEGG data. We demonstrate the utility of the package by providing examples of its application in single-cell, bulk transcriptome, and microbiome analyses. ggkegg may empower researchers to analyze complex biological networks and present their results effectively. Availability and implementation The package and user documentation are available at: https://github.com/noriakis/ggkegg.
Estrogen promotes the proliferation and migration of endometrial cancer cells by upregulating the expression of lncRNA HOTAIR

Abstract Objective Estrogen (E2) is the main contributor to the progression of endometrial cancer (EC). The long noncoding RNA HOX antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is emerging as a new regulator in several cancer types. This study aimed to investigate the role of HOTAIR in EC development and identify the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods HOTAIR expression levels in human EC tissues and the corresponding adjacent tissues and human EC Ishikawa cells were determined by quantitative PCR. Ishikawa cells were treated with E2 or estrogen receptor (ER) inhibitor ICI182780, transfected with siHOTAIR oligo, or infected with lentivirus expressing shHOTAIR/shNC, alone or in combinations. The protein expression of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) was evaluated by western blotting, and cell migration was measured by transwell assays. A xenograft tumorigenic model was established by inoculating control or stable shHOTAIR-infected Ishikawa cells into nude mice and implanting 17β-estradiol release pellets. Results HOTAIR expression was significantly elevated in human EC tissues. E2 exposure markedly increased HOTAIR levels in Ishikawa cells. Notably, E2 increased the protein expression of PRC2 and promoted EC cell migration, which were dependent on HOTAIR expression, as HOTAIR knockdown abolished these effects of E2. Similarly, E2 promoted the in vivo proliferation of grafted Ishikawa cells via upregulated HOTAIR expression in nude mice. Conclusions Human EC tissues highly express HOTAIR, and E2-induced EC progression depends on HOTAIR expression. This work suggests that the E2-HOTAIR axis is a potential therapeutic target in EC therapy.
Involvement in community gardens - sustaining the benefits

This study investigates the creation and management of community gardens. It explores the processes of community involvement associated with their development and the factors that influence personal involvement with a project. Relationships between place attachment and involvement are examined within this framework to.investigate common assumptions that relate feelings of attachment to pro-active behaviour. The research project was developed in collaboration with a community development organisation supporting neighbourhood regeneration in an area of Sheffield. This facilitated an in-depth field based approach encompassing participant observation, interviews and visualethnographic techniques. Investigation of three case study gardens reveals a complex framework of factors influencing involvement; incorporating relationships with place, personal values, social relationship and practical issues. The role of attachment to place is found to be important in the initiation of involvement, although differing in character from traditional concepts of place attachment. The process of community involvement is found to encourage strong feelings of place attachment among both those taking part and those simply observing. The role of this attachment in the continuation of involvement is less evident however, moderated by a range of more practical factors. The presence of a facilitating organisation in encouraging sustained involvement was a highly influential factor in the development and management of community gardens in this study. However, the consistency of support available from grant-reliant community organisations can vary and the research highlights the importance of securing long-term support mechanisms. Efficient facilitation, both at a group and neighbourhood level, is needed to ensure that the benefits community gardens provide to individuals and communities can be sustained.