Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Network-less trajectory imputation

The ability to collect large numbers of trajectory data through GPS-enabled devices have enabled a myriad of very important applications that are widely used on a daily basis. This includes urban computing, transportation, and map APIs for routing and navigation. Unfortunately, a major hinder for all these applications is the accuracy of collected trajectories. Due to low sampling rates, trajectories are usually sparse in terms of the large spatial and temporal distances between each two consecutive collected points. This paper presents TrImpute; a novel framework for trajectory imputation that inserts artificial GPS points between the real ones in a way that the imputed trajectories end up to be very similar to the case if such trajectories were collected with a much higher sampling rate. Unlike all prior trajectory imputation techniques, TrImpute does not assume the knowledge of the underlying road network. This makes it more practical when the underlying road network is not available or inaccurate. Experimental results on real datasets and a real deployment of TrImpute show that it is highly scalable, accurate, and can significantly boost the performance of trajectory applications by feeding them highly accurate trajectories.
Title: Comparison of the Exosome Profile in Ankylosing Spondylitis and Healthy Controls Running Title: Exosome Profile in Ankylosing Spondylitis

Objective: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease that leads to structural and functional impairments and reduced quality of life, with heterogeneous manifestations. The origin and possible role of extracellular vesicles represented by exosomes (EVexo) in the pathogenesis of AS were examined in this study. Method: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were isolated from serum from ten AS patients and ten healthy controls through Izon qEV2/35 nm columns. After assessing the isolate purity by bicinchoninic acid assay (BCA) and Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA), the relationship between EVexo concentration and AS was tested by the BCA method. The EVexo surface markers were analyzed by flow cytometry (FC) to verify EVexo presence and reveal its origin. Results: In FC analysis, CD86+TSG101+ and CD3+TSG101+ exosome percentages of AS group were significantly higher than the control group (p<0.05). A significant difference was found between the AS and control groups in terms of CD3+IL17+ and CD3+IFNg+ and CD86+TNFα+ and CD86+IL12(p35)+ exosome percentages (p<0.01). Conclusion: The exosomes whose ratio increased in the AS process were derived from T cells expressing increased levels of IL-17A and IFNg in their membranes, and macrophages expressing increased levels of TNFα and IL-12(p35) in their membranes. The EVexo profile did not change according to the AS course.
A surface-aware projection basis for 1 quasigeostrophic ﬂow 2

Recent studies indicate that altimetric observations of the ocean’s mesoscale eddy ﬁeld reﬂect 15 the combined inﬂuence of surface buoyancy and interior potential vorticity anomalies. The 16 former have a surface-trapped structure, while the latter have a more grave form. To assess the relative importance of each contribution to the signal, it is useful to project the observed 18 ﬁeld onto a set of modes that separates their inﬂuence in a natural way. However, the surface-trapped dynamics are not well-represented by standard baroclinic modes; moreover, 20 they are dependent on horizontal scale. Here we derive a modal decomposition that results from the simultaneous diagonalization of the energy and a generalization of potential enstrophy that includes contributions from 23 the surface buoyancy ﬁelds. This approach yields a family of orthonomal bases that depend on two parameters: the standard baroclinic modes are recovered in a limiting case, while other choices provide modes that represent surface and interior dynamics in an eﬃcient way. For constant stratiﬁcation, these modes consist of symmetric and antisymmetric expo- nential modes that capture the surface dynamics, and a series of oscillating modes that 28 represent the interior dynamics. Motivated by the ocean, where shears are concentrated near the upper surface, we also consider the special case of a quiescent lower surface. In this case, the interior modes are independent of wavenumber, and there is a single exponential surface mode that replaces the barotropic mode. We demonstrate the use and eﬀectiveness of these modes by projecting the energy in a set of simulations of baroclinic turbulence.
Asymptotic properties of Hammerstein model estimates

Considers the estimation of Hammerstein models. The main result of the paper lies in a specification of a set of sufficient conditions on the input sequence, the noise (and the true system) in order to ensure that a non-linear least-squares approach enjoys properties of consistency and asymptotic normality and furthermore, that an estimate of the parameter covariance matrix is also consistent. The set of assumptions is specified using the concept of near epoch dependence, which has been developed in the econometrics literature. Indeed, one purpose of the paper is to highlight the usefulness of this concept in the context of analysing estimation procedures for nonlinear dynamical systems. This setup is utilized in an example, where the static nonlinearity is due to input saturation.
Intrincamiento cuántico en ensambles de moléculas individuales acopladas

We calculate the degree of entanglement dynamics of a pair of two-level (dipole) coupled molecules embedded in a dispersive medium of refraction index n which interact with the quantized radiation field and with an external coherent driving field. We compute the Concurrence in the generation of maximally entangled states and compare the results with other entanglement measures. We calculate the resonance fluorescence spectrum, obtaining an observable that provides direct evidence of the interaction between the single molecules. Our results consider energy scales, excitation frequencies, laser and dissipative refractive properties that can be realized with current technology.
Household Savings & The Macroeconomy

In this paper, we document some key relationships between micro-level household behavior and macro-level aggregates for the Indian economy. Using the CMIE’s Consumer Pyramids Survey, we show that for the period 2014-19, the household-level savings rate around the median of the income distribution correlates strongly with, and has predictive power for, macro-aggregate variables such as the Wholesale Price Index and its rate of change, the Prime Lending Rate, the growth rate of bank credit for personal loans, the growth rate of industry-sector GDP, and the growth rate of bank credit to the household sector. Equally, we also document as a puzzle the absence of any strong relationship between the household-level savings rate and RBI-surveyed indices that are meant to capture citizens’ expectations about the future. We uncover these results at business cycle frequencies, i.e., monthly and quarterly, and we detrend all variables so that what we document are cyclical co-movements (or lack thereof). We conjecture that this mode of analysis can be a fruitful way of relating the micro to the macro for the Indian economy, and can offer avenues for uncovering meaningful empirical relationships that warrant proper theoretical explanations. Our primary goal in this paper is to uncover these relationships, and not to explain them. We also offer some conjectures about the meaning of the relationships, or lack thereof, that we document.
Income Inequality Measures and Statistical Properties of Weighted Burr-type and Related Distributions

In this thesis, tail conditional expectation (TCE) in risk analysis, an important measure for right-tail risk, is presented. This value is generally based on the quantile of the loss distribution. Explicit formulas of several tail conditional expectations and inequality measures for Dagum-type models are derived. In addition, a new class of weighted Burr-III (WBIII) distribution is presented. The statistical properties of this distribution including hazard and reverse hazard functions, moments, coefficient of variation, skewness, and kurtosis, inequality measures, entropy are derived. Also, Fisher information and maximum likelihood estimates of the model parameters are obtained.
Measuring Effectiveness of Address Schemes for AS-level Graphs

OF DISSERTATION Measuring Effectiveness of Address Schemes for AS-level Graphs This dissertation presents measures of efficiency and locality for Internet addressing schemes. Historically speaking, many issues, faced by the Internet, have been solved just in time, to make the Internet just work [Han06]. Consensus, however, has been reached that today’s Internet routing and addressing system is facing serious scaling problems: multi-homing which causes finer granularity of routing policies and finer control to realize various traffic engineering requirements, an increased demand for provider-independent prefix allocations which injects unaggregatable prefixes into the Default Free Zone (DFZ) routing table, and ever-increasing Internet user population and mobile edge devices. As a result, the DFZ routing table is again growing at an exponential rate. Hierarchical, topology-based addressing has long been considered crucial to routing and forwarding scalability. Recently, however, a number of research efforts are considering alternatives to this traditional approach. With the goal of informing such research, we investigated the efficiency of address assignment in the existing (IPv4) Internet. In particular, we ask the question: “how can we measure the locality of an address scheme given an input AS-level graph? ” To do so, we first define a notion of efficiency or locality based on the average number of bit-hops required to advertize all prefixes in the Internet. In order to quantify how far from “optimal" the current Internet is, we assign prefixes to ASes “from scratch" in a manner that preserves observed semantics, using three increasingly strict definitions of equivalence. Next we propose another metric that in some sense quantifies the “efficiency" of the labeling and is independent of forwarding/routing mechanisms. We validate the effectiveness of the metric by applying it to a series of address schemes with increasing randomness given an input AS-level graph. After that we apply the metric to the current Internet address scheme across years and compare the results with those of compact routing schemes.
Non‐fragile robust stabilization and H ∞  control for uncertain stochastic time delay systems with Markovian jump parameters and nonlinear disturbances

This paper considers the problems of non‐fragile robust stabilization and H ∞ control for uncertain stochastic time delay systems with Markovian jump parameters and nonlinear disturbances. The parameter uncertainties are assumed to be time‐varying norm bounded appearing in both state and input matrices. The purpose of the non‐fragile robust stabilization problem is to design a memoryless non‐fragile state feedback controller such that the closed‐loop system is robustly stochastically stable for all admissible uncertainties in both the system and controller. In addition to the aforementioned requirement, a prescribed H ∞ performance level is required to be achieved for the non‐fragile robust H ∞ control problem. With the use of the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional method and free‐weighting matrices, delay‐dependent sufficient conditions for the solvability of these problems are obtained in terms of LMI. Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Loop contribution to inflationary magnetic field

Within the framework of the standard quantum electrodynamics, we compute contribution of vacuum polarization at one-loop order to the power spectrum of the magnetic field on inflationary (de Sitter) background. It is found that the one-loop term exhibits the infrared secular growth that is proportional to the number of $e$-folds. The use of the dynamical renormalization group method, which amounts to partial resummation of higher loop diagrams, shows that the resummed power spectrum is free from the secular growth and the loop effect only changes the power from $(k/a)^4$ at the tree level to ${(k/a)}^{4-\nu}$, where $\nu$ represents the contribution from vacuum polarization. The parameter $\nu$, being proportional to the square of the gauge coupling constant as well as the number of fermion species, is a simple function of a ratio of fermion mass to the Hubble parameter and is positive irrespective of the fermion mass. Thus, the loop effect always enhances the infrared magnetic field strength. We find that $\nu \simeq 5 \times 10^{-3}$ is the possible maximum contribution to $\nu$ from a single fermion. This estimate suggests that either large number of fermion species or large coupling constant is a necessary condition for the loop effect to be responsible for the seed of the cosmic magnetic fields.
Mines Branch Technical Bulleton TB 164 DEVELOPMENT OF AN EMPIRICAL MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR A PULSE SIEVE-PLATE EXTRACTION COLUMN by

A satisfactory empirical mathematical model has been obtained to relate the extraction of uranium from an aqueous solution that pulsates through vertically-spaced horizontal sieve-plates in a short vertical column to the sieve-plate spacing, pulse frequency, pulse height, flow rate of aqueous solution, plate diameter, and to the position of the inlet for the organic extractant. This was done by multivariable regression analysis of 34 statistically designed tests. The final model is complex but it indicates, in general, that higher extractions are related to the result of the interaction between the pulse frequency and pulse height, to closer platespacing, to lower aqueous flow rates, to larger-diameter sieve-plates, and to the distance between the inlet for the organic extractant and the axis of the column. It was also shown that assessment of optimum operating conditions for the column by traditional visual observations was not satisfactory for the tests described herein. * and ** Research Scientists, Ore Treatment Section, Extraction Metallurgy Division, Mines Branch, Department of Energy, Mines and Resources, Ottawa, Canada.
MICROBIOLGOCIAL QUALITY AND MICROBIAL COMMUNITY OF PACKAGED ICE

Ice is defined as a food and is frequently used in direct contact with food and beverages. Packaged ice is commercially produced and can be easily found in grocery and convenience stores. However, the quality and safety of packaged ice products is not consistent. The Packaged Ice Quality Control Standards manual (PIQCS) published by the International Packaged Ice Association provides the quality and processing standards for packaged ice produced by its members. Packaged ice produced on the premise of stores (on-site packaged ice) is not required to be in compliance with these standards. In this study, packaged ice produced by manufacturing plants or by in-store bagger (ISB) machines and on-site packaged ice were compared for their microbiological quality, microbial diversity and their viability. Our results revealed that 19% of the 120 on-site packaged ice samples did not meet the PIQCS microbial limit of 500 CFU/mL (or g) and also the absence of coliforms and Escherichia coli. Staphylococci were found in 34% of the on-site packaged ice samples had unacceptable microbial levels, and all were devoid of staphylococci. Salmonella was absent in all samples analyzed in this study. Microbial community analysis of based on 16S/18S rRNA targeted sequencing revealed a much higher microbial diversity and abundance in the on-site packaged ice than in the ISB ice. Proteobacteria, especially Alphaprotoebacteria and Betaproteobacteria, were the dominant bacterial groups in all samples tested. Furthermore, Proteobacteria dominated the viable profile, especially Betaproteobacteria showed the highest survivability in both samples. Most of these bacteria were oligotrophic; however, a few viable opportunistic or potential pathogens were found at low levels in the on-site packaged ice but not in the ISB packaged ice. The types of microbes identified may provide information needed to
Hierarchical techniques for glossy global illumination

This dissertation concerns efficient computation of realistic images. To compute realistic synthetic images, the effect of global illumination is essential. Ray tracing algorithms solve the global illumination problem for specular interreflections, and radiosity algorithms solve it for diffuse interreflections. But computing a solution is more complicated when the surfaces are glossy. This dissertation describes hierarchical techniques for efficient solution of the glossy global illumination problem. Two types of hierarchy are utilized: wavelets to accurately represent radiance distributions on surface patches, and clusters to approximately represent radiant intensity from groups of surface patches. Without hierarchical techniques, the solution time would be quadratic in the number of patches and $O(n\sbsp{b}{1.5})$ in the number of basis functions $n\sb{b}. $ The hierarchical techniques make solution time linear in both the number of patches and the number of basis functions. This reduction is significant since the numbers of patches and basis functions are large for accurate solutions in realistic environments. Furthermore, directional importance is used to focus refinement of the solution on parts that contribute significantly to a particular view of the scene. Our method is the first finite-element method capable of handling complex glossy scenes.
A general method to construct cube-like categories and applications to homotopy theory

In this paper, we introduce a method to construct new categories which look like "cubes", and discuss model structures on the presheaf categories over them. First, we introduce a notion of thin-powered structure on small categories, which provides a generalized notion of "power-sets" on categories. Next, we see that if a small category $\mathcal{R}$ admits a good thin-powered structure, we can construct a new category $\square(\mathcal{R})$ called the cubicalization of the category. We also see that $\square(\mathcal{R})$ is equipped with enough structures so that many arguments made for the classical cube category $\square$ are also available. In particular, it is a test category in the sense of Grothendieck. The resulting categories contain the cube category $\square$, the cube category with connections $\square^c$, the extended cubical category $\square_\Sigma$ introduced by Isaacson, and cube categories $\square_G$ symmetrized by more general group operads $G$. We finally discuss model structures on the presheaf categories $\square(\mathcal{R})^\wedge$ over cubicalizations. We prove that $\square(\mathcal{R})^\wedge$ admits a model structure such that the simplicial realization $\square(\mathcal{R})^\wedge\to SSet$ is a left Quillen functor. Moreover, in the case of $\square_G$ for group operads $G$, $\square^\wedge_G$ is a monoidal model category, and we have a sequence of monoidal Quillen equivalences $\square Set \to \square_G^\wedge\to SSet$. For example, if $G=B$ is the group operad consisting of braid groups, the category $\square^\wedge_B$ is a braided monoidal model category whose homotopy category is equivalent to that of $SSet$.
Vortex methods for separated flows

The numerical solution of the Euler or Navier-Stokes equations by Lagrangian vortex methods is discussed. The mathematical background is presented in an elementary fashion and includes the relationship with traditional point-vortex studies, the convergence to smooth solutions of the Euler equations, and the essential differences between two- and three-dimensional cases. The difficulties in extending the method to viscous or compressible flows are explained. The overlap with the excellent review articles available is kept to a minimum and more emphasis is placed on the area of expertise, namely two-dimensional flows around bluff bodies. When solid walls are present, complete mathematical models are not available and a more heuristic attitude must be adopted. The imposition of inviscid and viscous boundary conditions without conformal mappings or image vortices and the creation of vorticity along solid walls are examined in detail. Methods for boundary-layer treatment and the question of the Kutta condition are discussed. Practical aspects and tips helpful in creating a method that really works are explained. The topics include the robustness of the method and the assessment of accuracy, vortex-core profiles, timemarching schemes, numerical dissipation, and efficient programming. Calculations of flows past streamlined or bluff bodies are used as examples when appropriate.
Patched-grid calculations with the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations: Theory and applications

A patched-grid approach is one in which the flow region of interest is divided into subregions which are then discretized independently using existing grid generator. The equations of motion are integrated in each subregion in conjunction with patch-boundary schemes which allow proper information transfer across interfaces that separate subregions. The patched-grid approach greatly simplifies the treatment of complex geometries and also the addition of grid points to selected regions of the flow. A conservative patch-boundary condition that can be used with explicit, implicit factored and implicit relaxation schemes is described. Several example calculations that demonstrate the capabilities of the patched-grid scheme are also included.
Bootstrap LM Test for the Box CoxTobit Model

Consistency of the maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters in the standard Tobit model rely heavily on the assumption of a normally distributed error term. The Box Cox transformation presents an obvious attempt to preserve normality when the data make this questionable. This paper sets out an OPG version of an LM test for the null hypotheses of the standard Tobit model, against the alternative of a more general non-linear specification, as determined by the parameter of the Box Cox transformation. Monte Carlo estimates of the rejection probabilities using first order asymptotic and parametric bootstrap critical values are obtained, for sample sizes that are comparable to those used in practice. The results show that the LM-test using bootstrap critical values has practically no size distortion, whereas using asymptotic critical values, the empirical rejection probabilities are significantly larger than the nominal levels. A simple program which carries out this test using bootstrap critical values has also been written and can be run post the official Stata Tobit estimation command.