Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Characteristics of Physical Activity on Children’S Cognition and Academic Performance Based on the Meta-Analysis

: This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of various forms of physical activity on children’s cognition and academic performance, detect the characteristics of physical activity that promote the development of the cognitive function, and identify which cognitive dimension benefits the most from characteristic physical activity. We also aimed to distinguish the characteristics of physical activity that promoted non-executive cognitive functions, core executive functions, and metacognition, respectively. Web of Science, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, ERIC databases were searched for relevant literature published between 2000 and 2020. The random-effects model was used to calculate the combined effect size (ES) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95%CI), and subgroup analysis was performed. I2 statistics were used to evaluate the heterogeneity of each study, with small, medium, and large heterogeneity being represented by < 25%, 25%-50%, and > 50%, respectively. The results showed that acute physical activity had small-to-medium and above-medium positive effects on inhibiting executive function and cognitive flexibility, respectively. However, chronic physical activity had small-to-medium and above-medium positive effects on the working memory of executive function and non-executive cognitive function, respectively. Physical activity with high cognitive effort obviously benefited core executive function, while the non-executive cognitive function was more advanced by aerobic exercise. In addition, an aerobic exercise designed to increase physical strength promoted working memory, while inhibition benefited from cognitively physical activity requiring high cognitive effort (or cognitive engagement). For children aged 6 to 12, regular physical activity exercises that continued for several weeks were more likely to improve multiple cognitive areas, especially the core executive function and non-executive cognitive function, compared to acute exercise intervention, and these effects were affected by the characteristics of physical activity. Third, several weeks of physical activity that required cognitive effort or was cognitively challenging appeared to be more effective in improving cognitive performance than aerobic exercise.
A fast subspace algorithm for recovering rigid motion

The image motion field for an observer moving through a static environment depends on the observer's translational and rotational velocities along with the distances to surface points. Given such a motion field as input the authors present a new algorithm for computing the observer's motion and the depth structure of the scene. The approach is a further development of sub-space methods. This class of methods involve splitting the equations describing the motion field into separate equations for the observer's translational direction, the rotational velocity and the relative depths. The resulting equations can then be solved successively, beginning with the equations for the translational direction. The authors show how this first step can be simplified considerably. The consequence is that the observer's velocity and the relative depths to points in the scene can all be recovered by successively solving three linear problems. <<ETX>>
THE SCOPE OF SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS AND THE 5E EDUCATIONAL MODEL IN SCIENCE EDUCATION

Science education focuses on the methods of thinking about and using process skills rather than memorizing scientific facts. 5E educational model aims to learn by discovering scientific knowledge and engaging students in learning environments. The aim of this study was to examine the articles in the field of education related to the 5E educational model and science process skills (SPS) according to some criteria. The search in databases was carried out to cover the articles conducted in the last twelve years (2010-2021). Over the last 12 years, 522 articles on the 5E educational model and science process skills have been examined. In this descriptive content analysis study, randomized sampling came to the fore as the preferred sampling method, lower-secondary school students as the sample type, 11-50 as the sample size, and studies in which the effectiveness of a method was tested as the research type, lower-secondary school science as the research discipline, quasi-experimental as a research design, achievement tests as data collection tools, and frequency/percentage/charts were frequently used in data analysis. Keywords: descriptive content analysis, 5E educational model, science education, science process skills
Sea‐Ice Forecasts With an Upgraded AWI Coupled Prediction System

A new version of the AWI Coupled Prediction System is developed based on the Alfred Wegener Institute Climate Model v3.0. Both the ocean and the atmosphere models are upgraded or replaced, reducing the computation time by a factor of 5 at a given resolution. This allowed us to increase the ensemble size from 12 to 30, maintaining a similar resolution in both model components. The online coupled data assimilation scheme now additionally utilizes sea‐surface salinity and sea‐level anomaly as well as temperature and salinity profile observations. Results from the data assimilation demonstrate that the sea‐ice and ocean states are reasonably constrained. In particular, the temperature and salinity profile assimilation has mitigated systematic errors in the deeper ocean, although issues remain over polar regions where strong atmosphere‐ocean‐ice interaction occurs. One‐year‐long sea‐ice forecasts initialized on 1 January, 1 April, 1 July and 1 October from 2003 to 2019 are described. To correct systematic forecast errors, sea‐ice concentration from 2011 to 2019 is calibrated by trend‐adjusted quantile mapping using the preceding forecasts from 2003 to 2010. The sea‐ice edge raw forecast skill is within the range of operational global subseasonal‐to‐seasonal forecast systems, outperforming a climatological benchmark for about 2 weeks in the Arctic and about 3 weeks in the Antarctic. The calibration is much more effective in the Arctic: Calibrated sea‐ice edge forecasts outperform climatology for about 45 days in the Arctic but only 27 days in the Antarctic. Both the raw and the calibrated forecast skill exhibit strong seasonal variations.
Accuracy of the Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound (SRU) Carotid Doppler Velocity Criteria for Grading North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) Stenosis: A Meta‐Analysis

The Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound (SRU) consensus panel proposed six Doppler velocity cut points for classifying internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis of 50% and 70% according to the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET) method. Their relative accuracies have not been compared.
On the nature of the parameter space in the presence of dissipative standing shocks in accretion flows around black holes

The spectral properties of black hole candidates and outflow rates depend crucially on the models of accretion flow, and thus they are interconnected. In a model of transonic flow, the centrifugal barrier forms a shock wave in the accretion disc at a few tens of Schwarzschild radii. The post-shock region (i.e. the region between the shock and the innermost critical point) can act as a Compton cloud as well a reservoir of outgoing jets/outflows. In order to compute the parameter space in which the outflow can form, we use a suitable Mach number relation that can be satisfied at the shock derived in our earlier work in the presence of dissipation and outflows. Assuming three models of accretion flow (i.e. models of vertical equilibrium, conical wedge shape and constant height), we examine the parameter space of the specific energy and the specific angular momentum for dissipative shock with mass loss. In the first two models, we find that the parameter space is reduced as the cooling rate is increased. However, in the case of the constant height model, the parameter space initially increases with the cooling process, but starts to decrease with a further increase in cooling. One common property in all three accretion flow models is that, above a critical amount of cooling, the parameter space disappears completely. This indicates that the spectrally soft states might not have a significant amount of outflows from the accretion disc.
Research on Seismic Signal Enhancement Method Based on Deep Learning

: At present, human beings are increasingly dependent on oil and gas energy. Due to the influence of a series of factors such as exploration technology and natural environment, in the process of actual oil and gas exploration technology, the collected seismic data usually has the problem of low sampling rate. The lower sampling rate of seismic data may cause spatial aliasing in migration imaging, resulting in inaccurate exploration. Therefore, in order to carry out more accurate oil and gas exploration, the seismic signal enhancement method also puts forward higher requirements. In this paper, the seismic signal enhancement will be realized by seismic data channel interpolation. A seismic trace interpolation method based on generative adversarial network is proposed to realize it. The traditional seismic trace interpolation is generally carried out based on complex mathematical transformation or certain assumptions, in order to solve the problems existing in the traditional seismic trace interpolation method. This paper will use the generative adversarial network model in deep learning to combine the generative adversarial network with the residual network, and the loss function is the sum of the Wasserstein distance and the content loss. The optimized generative adversarial network can better realize the interpolation of seismic traces, and the spatial aliasing frequency has been suppressed. Therefore, the enhancement of seismic signals can be better achieved, and theoretical support for accurate exploration can be provided.
Research on the Acceptability of Minimalist Consumption in China

: In the era of prevalent consumerism, a new consumption concept has quietly emerged, namely minimalism, which advocates not to buy more than the actual need. This consumption concept has gained a lot of attention and imitation in recent years, as videos of such lives have become popular on social media platforms. Under the background of abundant materials, these people give up enjoying the pleasure brought by materials and live according to the opposite consumption concept, which is worth studying. This report aims to gain a more comprehensive understanding of what minimalism is, how people of different age groups view it and why they choose it, and to explore the factors that influence the mainstream lifestyle of minimalism in society. To this end, this paper will put forward four research questions, which are: 1. What is minimalism? 2. How do middle-aged and elderly Chinese and young Chinese think about minimalist life? 3. What is the motivation that prompts some people to choose minimalist consumption mode in modern life with abundant material conditions? 4. Why isn't minimalism a mainstream lifestyle these days? In order to clarify these four questions, this paper interviewed 7 people of different age groups, and summarized 11 findings from the collected interview answers. On this basis, the 11 findings were analyzed in combination with theories related to consumer behavior. At the end of the paper, based on these findings, suggestions are proposed for consumers, businesses, marketers and governments to better improve consumer experience in the future.
Density profile modifications by electromagnetic ion cyclotron wave pressures near the dayside magnetospheric boundary

It is shown that the existence of the so-called “magnetic holes” (magnetic field minima) along the field lines play a significant role in the plasma pressure balance in the Earth's magnetosphere. Ponderomotive forces induced by the Pc 1 geomagnetic pulsations propagating through these regions can lead to a significant plasma accumulation there. A numerical analysis of this effect based on an analytical model for the geomagnetic field is carried out. The variation of the redistributed plasma density versus radial distance, amplitude, and ratio of wave to ion cyclotron frequencies is presented. It turns out that density enhancements occur off the equator at high latitudes and that they increase when the McIlwain parameter L increases. The specific features of the Pc 1 propagation along the lines of forces in the presence of “magnetic holes” are discussed. It is suggested that the existence of regions with decreasing magnetic fields at high-altitude field lines can lead to resonance absorption of ion cyclotron waves (the “magnetic beach” effect).
Research on Green Design Using New Light Medium (Bioluminescent Medium)

: The emergence and development of computer technology and other advanced technologies have promoted the rapid development of society, and promoted the arrival of the new media era. This has gradually changed the traditional way of transmission and the scope of transmission. Besides, green design is also gradually affecting and changing people's living environment and lifestyle. The diversified green medium has attracted the attention of many audiences and exerted a great influence on the development of traditional medium. According to the above situation, in the new media era, the development of the field of art design is facing the need of innovation. There are two main problems in using traditional medium for design. One is that audiences gradually become numb or even bored for traditional medium. The other is that designers need to choose environment-friendly medium to carry out design work under the condition of increasing public awareness of environmental protection. Therefore, the green transformation of medium is an important issue to be faced by current design, as the same time, light medium is an essential medium element in design work. To sum up, this essay will discuss how to use new light medium for green design in the new media era, and the new light medium mentioned here is mainly the medium formed by bioluminescence.
Multitarget tracking on intensity-modulated sensor data

Tracking energy on an intensity-modulated sensor output typically requires windowing, thresholding, and/or interpolation to arrive at point measurements to feed the tracking algorithm. Conventional trackers are point trackers, and point measurement estimation procedures pose problems for tracking signal energy that is distributed across many sensor cells. Such signals are sometimes termed over-resolved. Large arrays provide greater resolution with the potential for improved detection and classification performance, but higher resolution is in direct conflict with tracking over-resolved signals. The Histogram-Probabilistic Multi-Hypothesis Tracker (H-PMHT) algorithm addresses these issues and provides a means for modeling and tracking signals that are spread across several contiguous sensor cells. H-PMHT models the cell responses as a received energy histogram, and the probability density underlying this histogram is modeled by a mixture density. Elements of the H-PMHT signal model, theory, and algorithm are presented for linear Gauss-Markov targets. Tracking examples using simulated azimuth beam data are presented.
Damped Lyα absorbers from dwarf galaxy ejecta

ABSTRA C T It is argued that the formation of a dwarf galaxy causes a massive burst of star formation, resulting in the ejection of most of the available gas from the galaxy as a weakly collimated wind. The ejected gas can give rise to a damped Lya absorber (DLA). Weakly collimated outflows naturally explain the asymmetric profiles seen in low-ionization absorption lines caused by heavy elements associated with DLAs, where absorption is strongest at one edge of the absorption feature. The shape of the distribution of column densities in the model agrees reasonably well with observations. In particular, the break in slope is caused by external photoionization of the wind. A semi-analytical model for galaxy formation is used to show that, for currently acceptable cosmological parameters, dwarf galaxy outflows can account for the majority of DLA systems and their distribution with redshift. This model also predicts a correlation between velocity structure and metallicity of DLA systems, in qualitative agreement with observations. DLAs do not require many large, rapidly rotating disc galaxies to have formed early on, as in other models for their origin.
ON THE CONCEPT OF MECHANICAL SYSTEM IN RATIONAL MECHANICS

The paper introduces new notions of vector calculus – homogeneous and inhomogeneous slider-functions and screw-measures. The fundamental principle of dynamics is postulated with their help as well as main scalar and screw measures of rational mechanics and its central concept – mechanical system. All classical systems (mass-points, rigid bodies, continua, point-bodies, etc.) are realization of this concept.
The Review of Contribution of LGR5 towards Cancer Stem Cells and Its Signal Pathway

: In recent years, the research on stem cells has broadened people's knowledge of the occurrence and development of tumors. Nearly all tumors are related to stem cells ， and stem cell markers have become the focus of current research. LGR5 is a type of leucine-rich repeat receptor (LGR), and studies confirm that LGR5 is expressed at various levels in the crypts of the floor of the small intestine, the crypts of the large intestine, the basal column cells of the gastric glands, and hair follicles. Therefore, LGR5 is one of the potential markers for cancer stem cells. LGR5 is a Wnt signaling ligand that plays an active role in ontogeny. LGR5's binding partner, R-spondin (RSPO), can control Wnt signaling along with LGR5. This article analyzes the signaling pathways of LGR5 in tumor stem cells, summarizes the role of LGR5 there, and points out future research directions.
Ten measures of diversity in classifier ensembles: limits for two classifiers

Independence and dependence of classifier outputs have been debated in the recent literature giving rise to notions such as diversity, complementarity, orthogonality, etc. There seems to be no consensus on the meaning of these notions beyond the intuitive perception. We summarize 10 measures of classifier diversity: 4 pairwise and 6 non-pairwise measures. We derive the limits of the measures for 2 classifiers of equal accuracy. (10 pages)
High-contrast germanium-doped silica-on-silicon waveguides

Silica-on-silicon planar lightwave circuits have a number of advantages including stability and low insertion loss to optical fiber networks. Standard GeO2 doping levels in the waveguide cores lead to a refractive index contrast, n/n, of 0.75%–2%. This range of index contrast requires relatively large bend radii in order to minimize bend losses. This limits the density scaling of these circuits. By using high dopant levels for a Δn/n of 4%, the bend radius can be decreased to less than 1 mm, from which significant gains in optical circuit density can be obtained. In addition, low-loss ring resonators with free spectral ranges of a few tens of gigahertz can be realized, enabling some additional optical signal processing and filtering on that scale. Optical devices with such high dopant levels have been reported by Bellman et al. in 2004 [1] but to the authors' knowledge, no other experimental work on high-delta GeO2-doped waveguides has been reported since. In this paper, we present experimental measurements on high-delta devices including directional couplers, MMI couplers, Mach-Zehnder interferometers, and ring resonators. Device performance, including propagation loss, bend loss, interferometer contrast ratio and birefringence will be presented. We demonstrate that ring resonators with 40 GHz free spectral range can be fabricated for optical signal processing.
Toroidalization of Dominant Morphisms of 3-folds

Introduction An outline of the proof Notation Toroidal morphisms and prepared morphisms Toroidal ideals Toroidalization of morphisms from 3-folds to surfaces Preparation above 2 and 3-points Preparation The $\tau$ invariant Super parameters Good and perfect points Relations Well prepared morphisms Construction of $\tau$-well prepared diagrams Construction of a $\tau$-very well prepared morphism Toroidalization Proofs of the main results List of technical terms Bibliography.
Detection of apparent skin motion using optical flow analysis: Blood pulsation signal obtained from optical flow sequence

A skin motion imaging system with two modes of operation, diffusive and specular reflections, was developed. The system consists of image capturing and processing elements. Using optical flow analyses of skin motion at the wrist, we have detected successfully a blood pulsation signal that concurs with the electrocardiogram. The signal provides information not only about blood pulsation, but also about blood circulation and the biomechanical properties of the skin. This system may have other applications in the future, such as noncontact blood pulsation detection and evaluation of the biomechanical properties of skin, for example.
Evaluation of Site Resilience Based on Social Capital Theory: A Case Study of Dongsi district

Along with the outbreak of COVID-19 in China, numerous of small and medium-sized enterprises are losing their customers, confronted with the risk of bankruptcy, and communication among the public also witnesses a drop attributed to epidemic prevention policy, which can both be describe as the decrease of social capital. Although the research on resilience city theory is mounting in recent years, there are only a few papers focus on resilience city based on social capital. This paper will build a method analyzing the resilience of Dongsi district from three different perspectives, including enterprises perspective, enterprises and individuals’ perspective and individuals’ perspective. In this process, data of enterprises and public space’s location will be collected, utilizing kernel density tool in Arcgis and Daily average population heat diagram to evaluate the resilience of enterprises and community of Dongsi district respectively. The result shows that the resilience of Dongsi district is low. Enterprises far from streets are devoid of social capital because of the location of some enterprises are disperse and customers flow are low. Additionally, the public spaces, which can promote the communication between local residents, like squares and parks in the site are in small quantity and public show less interest in four attractions inside Dongsi area, indicating that Dongsi is more vulnerable faced to disasters due to the low cohesion among the community.
From Macro Dialectic to Micro Dialectic—Advances in Science and Technology Promote the Development of TCM Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment

: The macro-differentiation emphasized by Chinese medicine refers to the fact that doctors collect the patient's body information through the "four diagnostics", look, hear, and ask, analyze and judge the information, and then obtain the nature, location, and pathogenesis of the disease. Traditional Chinese medicine treats diseases. It is mainly achieved through the grasp of the nature of the disease. With the development and integration of multiple disciplines, Chinese medicine has been further developed by absorbing modern scientific thinking and using modern technology to study Chinese medicine. From the perspective of scientific view and methodology, taking into account the overall and partial, integration and differentiation, and the unity of macro and micro, the establishment of a multi-targeted system with syndromes as the core and grasping the pathogenesis of a TCM clinical syndrome differentiation and treatment system is a modern scientific development. New direction.