Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Lipid Properties and Cadmium and Lead Content in Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) Meat from Three Feeding Grounds

Simple Summary As a product originating from the most natural living conditions with free foraging, red deer (Cervus elaphus) meat is becoming increasingly popular among consumers. A greater supply of this type of meat can be ensured by dynamically developing red deer farming on permanent grasslands. The study presents a comparison of the properties of lipids and the content of cadmium and lead in the LL and SM muscles of red deer kept in forest, organic farm, and conventional farm feeding grounds. The greater species and phytoncide diversity in the organic feeding ground enriched the quantitative profile and significantly increased the content of beneficial polyunsaturated fatty acids (FAs) (CLA—conjugated linoleic acid, ALA—alpha-linolenic acid, AA—arachidonic acid, and EPA—eicosapentaenoic acid) and the sum of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), n-6 PUFA, and n-3 PUFA, in comparison with conventional farm and forest feeding grounds. It also contributed to a significantly lower n-6/n-3 ratio in both muscles. The study provides valuable data on the nutritional value and ecological safety of venison, which should be regarded as a health-enhancing food product. Furthermore, the present results can help breeders to make decisions about the locations of farms and the choice of red deer nutrition strategies. Abstract The aim of the study was to compare the properties of lipids and the content of cadmium and lead in the meat of red deer (Cervus elaphus) kept in a forest feeding ground (FFG) and on organic and conventional farms in Poland. Longissimus lumborum (LL) and Musculus semimembranosus (SM) muscles were collected for the study from 36 red deer carcasses in an equal sex and age ratio (3 and 4 years old). From April to October, the animals consumed only the vegetation growing in the feeding grounds. The floristic and phytoncide composition, as well as the fodder value, of the feeding grounds were assessed. Additionally, the intramuscular fat and cholesterol content, the profile, sum, and ratios of fatty acids (FAs), lipid nutraceutical parameters, and cadmium and lead content were determined in LL and SM. The plant composition comprised 116 species in the organic feeding ground (OFG) and 78 species in the conventional feeding ground (CFG). The LL and SM muscles of the red deer from the organic and forest feeding grounds exhibited significantly lower amounts of fat and cholesterol than those from the conventional system. The differences in the fatty acid composition between the three groups were quite small. Differences in intramuscular fat content contributed to a higher percentage of PUFAs in the FFG and OFG, in comparison to the CFG. In all types of feeding ground, the cadmium (0.002 to 0.008 mg/kg) and lead (0.009 to 0.019 mg/kg) content determined in the meat did not pose a threat to consumers.
Bose–Einstein condensation versus localization of bosonic quasiparticles in disordered weakly-coupled dimer antiferromagnets

We investigate the field-induced insulator-to-superfluid transition of bosonic quasiparticles in S = 1/2 weakly-coupled dimer antiferromagnets. In the presence of realistic disorder due to site dilution of the magnetic lattice, we show that the system displays an extended Bose-glass phase characterized by the localization of the hard-core quasiparticles.
Understanding coupled coordination relationships between social and ecological functions of urban green spaces

ABSTRACT Urban Green Spaces (UGSs) can provide social and ecological benefits, and the coordination of these two functions will largely advance human-nature harmony in cities. As such, we proposed a comprehensive framework to evaluate UGSs multifunctionality, i.e. the coupling coordination relationship of ecological connectivity and spatial accessibility of UGSs. Wuhan City in Central China was taken as a case study, and multiple ecosystem service values of green space patches and the disordered use of UGSs multifunctionality were explored. The results demonstrated low-level coupling coordination of UGSs multifunctionality in Wuhan. More than 70% of UGSs were imbalanced, 27.91% of which featured small sizes, low connectivity and accessibility. We suggest that planners should optimize UGSs arrangement to improve species reachability, especially for species with dispersal distance less than 4 km, and to create 15-minute community life circles for residents at the same time. Our findings are expected to support the promotion of UGSs multifunctionality and the balance of urban development and habitat conservation.
Trend reversal and alpha generation by hedge funds

ABSTRACT Hedge funds use different strategies to outperform benchmark indices by undertaking complex, versatile and dynamic techniques. These strategies may however create alpha generating opportunities in the time series that may be contrary to the existence of random walk behaviour. Tests using unit-root structural break analysis led to rejection of random walk hypothesis favouring trend stationarity or mean reversion. Additional tests including structural breaks are conducted to establish persistence of alpha generating opportunities for twelve different hedge fund indices. For some strategies, profitable prospects occur only before the break date, as evidence suggests a paradigm shift between the two periods.
Post-Occupancy Evaluation’s (POE) Applications for Improving Indoor Environment Quality (IEQ)

To improve buildings and their characteristics, the feedback provided directly by users is generally fundamental in order to be able to adapt the technical and structural functions to the well-being of users. The post-occupancy evaluation (POE) fits perfectly into this context. The POE, through qualitative and quantitative information on the interior environment, makes it possible to identify the differences between the performances modeled in the design phase and the real performances experienced by the occupants. This review of 234 articles, published between 2006 and 2022, aims to analyze and compare the recent literature on the application of the POE methodology. The aim was to provide both a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the main factors that comprise the indoor environmental quality (IEQ). The study highlighted the factors that comprise the quality of the indoor environment, as well as the variables that are usually analyzed to describe the well-being of the occupants. The results suggested which are the most common approaches in carrying out POE studies and will identify the factors that most influence the determination of the good quality of an indoor environment.
Automatic identification and analysis of multi-object cattle rumination based on computer vision

Abstract Rumination in cattle is closely related to their health, which makes the automatic monitoring of rumination an important part of smart pasture operations. However, manual monitoring of cattle rumination is laborious and wearable sensors are often harmful to animals. Thus, we propose a computer vision-based method to automatically identify multi-object cattle rumination, and to calculate the rumination time and number of chews for each cow. The heads of the cattle in the video were initially tracked with a multi-object tracking algorithm, which combined the You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithm with the kernelized correlation filter (KCF). Images of the head of each cow were saved at a fixed size, and numbered. Then, a rumination recognition algorithm was constructed with parameters obtained using the frame difference method, and rumination time and number of chews were calculated. The rumination recognition algorithm was used to analyze the head image of each cow to automatically detect multi-object cattle rumination. To verify the feasibility of this method, the algorithm was tested on multi-object cattle rumination videos, and the results were compared with the results produced by human observation. The experimental results showed that the average error in rumination time was 5.902% and the average error in the number of chews was 8.126%. The rumination identification and calculation of rumination information only need to be performed by computers automatically with no manual intervention. It could provide a new contactless rumination identification method for multi-cattle, which provided technical support for smart pasture.
Nucleon form factors in the nuclear medium

By using the AdS/CFT correspondence, we investigate various form factors between nucleons and mesons in a nuclear medium. In order to describe a nuclear medium holographically, we take into account the thermal charged AdS geometry with an appropriate IR cutoff. After introducing an anomalous dimension as a free parameter, we investigate how the nucleon’s mass is affected by the change of the anomalous dimension. Moreover, we study how the form factors of nucleons rely on the properties of the nuclear medium. We show that in a nuclear medium with different numbers of proton and neutron, the degenerated nucleon form factor in the vacuum is split into four different values depending on the isospin charges of nucleon and meson.
Protective effects of Nigella sativa oil against bisphenol A-induced testicular toxicity in rats

The study investigated the protective effect of Nigella sativa (NS) oil against testicular damage induced by bisphenol A (BPA). A total of 36 Wistar Albino rats were divided into 4 groups: control (1ml olive oil), NS (5 ml/kg NS), BPA (100 mg/kg BPA in 1 ml olive oil), BPA+NS (100 mg/kg BPA + 5 ml/kg NS). During the 30-day experiment, all substances were administered by oral gavage. The levels of testosterone and LH in serum, as well as MDA, GSH, SOD, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 levels in testicular tissue were measured by ELISA. Spermatological examinations and histopathological analyses of testicular tissue were also performed. BPA was found to raise LH while reducing the serum testosterone level. BPA caused a decrease in GSH, SOD, TNF-α and IL-6, but an increase in MDA and IL-10. BPA also reduced sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity and acrosome membrane integrity. Oedema, hyperaemia, mononuclear cell infiltration in the interstitial tissue, as well as giant cell formations, degeneration and necrosis in the seminiferous tubules were seen in the BPA group. In addition, reductions in germinative epithelium, tubule diameter and the Johnson testicular score were noted. In rats receiving NS, hormonal profile, oxidative stress markers and cytokine levels were within normal limits. NS improved sperm motility, mitochondrial activity (JC1), plasma membrane integrity (SYBR-14) and partially acrosome membrane integrity (FITC-PNA). NS reduced testis inflammation, significantly ameliorated the testicular score and, to a lesser extent, increased germinative epithelium thickness and tubule diameter. It was concluded that NS has a protective effect against BPA-induced testicular toxicity.
Populations of rotating stars III. SYCLIST, the new Geneva Population Synthesis code

(abridged) We present a new tool for building synthetic colour-magnitude diagrams of coeval stellar populations. We study, from a theoretical point of view, the impact of axial rotation of stars on various observed properties of single-aged stellar populations: magnitude at the turnoff, photometric properties of evolved stars, surface velocities, surface abundances, and the impact of rotation on the age determination of clusters by an isochrone fitting. Stellar models for different initial masses, metallicities, and zero-age main sequence (ZAMS) rotational velocities are used for building interpolated stellar tracks, isochrones, and synthetic clusters for various ages and metallicities. The synthetic populations account for the effects of the initial distribution of the rotational velocities on the ZAMS, the impact of the inclination angle and the effects of gravity and limb darkening, unresolved binaries and photometric errors. Interpolated tracks, isochrones, and synthetic clusters can be computed through a public web interface. For clusters with a metallicity in the range [0.002, 0.014] and an age between 30 Myr and 1 Gyr, the fraction of fast rotators on the main sequence (MS) band is the largest just below the turnoff. This is a natural consequence of the increase in the MS lifetime due to rotation. The fraction of fast rotators one magnitude below the turnoff also increases with the age of the cluster between 30 Myr and 1 Gyr. There is an increase in the fraction of enriched stars when the metallicity decreases. We show that the use of isochrones computed from rotating stellar models with an initial rotation that is representative of the average initial rotation of the stars in clusters provides a reasonable estimate of the age, even though stars in a real cluster did not start their evolution with an identical initial rotation.
The Effect of Mixing on the Observed Metallicity of the Smith Cloud

Measurements of high-velocity clouds’ metallicities provide important clues about their origins, and hence on whether they play a role in fueling ongoing star formation in the Galaxy. However, accurate interpretation of these measurements requires compensating for the galactic material that has been mixed into the clouds. In order to determine how much the metallicity changes as a result of this mixing, we have carried out three-dimensional wind-tunnel-like hydrodynamical simulations of an example cloud. Our model cloud is patterned after the Smith Cloud, a particularly well studied cloud of mass . We calculated the fraction of the high-velocity material that had originated in the galactic halo, , for various sight lines passing through our model cloud. We find that generally increases with distance from the head of the cloud, reaching ∼0.5 in the tail of the cloud. Models in which the metallicities (relative to solar) of the original cloud, , and of the halo, , are in the approximate ranges and , respectively, are in rough agreement with the observations. Models with and are also in rough agreement with the observations, but such a low halo metallicity is inconsistent with recent independent measurements. We conclude that the Smith Cloud’s observed metallicity may not be a true reflection of its original metallicity and that the cloud’s ultimate origin remains uncertain.
Fractal image compression: theory and application

From the contents: Recent theoretical results on fast encoding and decoding methods, various schemes for encoding images using fractal methods, and theoretical models for the encoding/decoding process. - Working C code for a fractal encoding/decoding scheme capable of encoding images in a few seconds, decoding at arbitrary resolution, and achieving high compression rations. - Experimental results from various schemes showing their capability and forming the basis for a sophisticated implementation. - A list of previously unresearched projects containing both new ideas and inhancements to the schemes discussed in the book. - A comparison of the fractal schemes in the book with JPEG, commercial fractal software, and wavelet methods.
The ‘visual attractiveness’ of architectural facades: measuring visual complexity and attractive strength in architecture

The ‘visual attractiveness’ of a building façade refers to the extent to which it provokes an immediate or ‘pre-attentive’ physiological response. Two factors that can shape this response are ‘visual complexity’ and ‘strength of attraction’. The former refers to the innate capacity of a façade to draw the viewer's eye, and the latter to its capacity to hold the viewer's gaze. In this article two computational methods – fractal dimension analysis and visual attention simulation – are explored for their capacity to measure these attractive properties and to predict immediate physiological responses to architectural façades. This article describes the application and limits of these methods, along with the ways they simulate key visual properties. The methods are demonstrated using an analysis of three styles of façade designs: Modernism, Postmodernism and Neo-modernism. This research contributes foundational knowledge to the computational assessment of aesthetic and environmental preference theory relating to buildings and cities.
Effect of body condition score at calving on transition success in Nili Ravi buffaloes

Abstract Body condition score (BCS) at calving is a vital indicator of the effectiveness of the beginning of lactation in dairy animals. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of BCS at calving on milk production and transition success in dairy buffaloes. Thirty-six (36) Nili Ravi buffaloes were enrolled at 40 days of expected calving and followed through 90 days of lactation. The buffaloes were categorized into three groups according to their BCS (on a scale of 1–5 with 0.25 increments) as follows: 1) low, buffaloes with BCS ≤ 3.0; 2) medium, buffaloes with BCS 3.25–3.5; and 3) high, buffaloes with BCS ≥ 3.75. All buffaloes were fed a similar diet ad libitum. The lactation diet had increased concentrate allowance according to milk yield. The results revealed that the BCS at calving did not affect milk yield; however, fat percentage (fat%) was lower in the low-BCS group. Dry matter intake (DMI) was similar among the treatment groups, although post-calving BCS loss was greater in the high-BCS group compared to the medium- and the low-BCS groups. Similarly, the buffaloes in the high-BCS group had higher non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentration compared to the low- and medium-BCS groups. No cases of metabolic disorders were observed during the study. The present results suggest that the buffaloes in the medium-BCS group appeared to perform better compared to the low- and the high-BCS groups with respect to milk fat% and blood NEFA concentration.
HIGH-VELOCITY OUTFLOWS WITHOUT AGN FEEDBACK: EDDINGTON-LIMITED STAR FORMATION IN COMPACT MASSIVE GALAXIES

We present the discovery of compact, obscured star formation in galaxies at z ∼ 0.6 that exhibit ≳ 1000 km s−1 outflows. Using optical morphologies from the Hubble Space Telescope and infrared photometry from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, we estimate star formation rate (SFR) surface densities that approach ΣSFR ≈ 3000 M☉ yr−1 kpc−2, comparable to the Eddington limit from radiation pressure on dust grains. We argue that feedback associated with a compact starburst in the form of radiation pressure from massive stars and ram pressure from supernovae and stellar winds is sufficient to produce the high-velocity outflows we observe, without the need to invoke feedback from an active galactic nucleus.
Application of mean shift algorithm for dynamic-object-selection of LAMOST

The large sky area multi-object fiber spectroscopic telescope(LAMOST)is one of the major nation scientific projects of China.The 4m large aperture,5 degree field of view and 4000 fibers make LAMOST the most powerful optical spectrum survey telescope in the world. It is an important task to make good use of LAMOST,organize effective observation, improve observational efficiency and shorten observational cycle.For this sake,a new object selection algorithm named Dynamic-Object-Selection was put forward,which is based on the Priority-Policy. An important question in Dynamic-Object-Selection of LAMOST is to find a tile which has the maximum object density in the visible sky area.In this paper,Mean Shift Algorithm is applied to solve the problem.The simulations indicate that this algorithm is improving the Observation-Efficiency.At the same time,the speed of Dynamic-Object-Selection cal- culation is enhanced obviously.
A Literature Study on Experiential Collaborative e-Learning Based on ECEL Articles

Abstract: Educational institutions around the world continue to develop teaching practices in which the importance of digital solutions is expanding. The increasing digitization of education and learning has made it even more important to explore and test how experiential collaborative teaching methods can be digitized and designed to facilitate collaboration, active participation, and exploration, elements that are all crucial to support development of complex skills and competencies. Previous research reveals that many solutions for e-learning do not sufficiently support more complex forms of learning. The authors argue that many technologies developed for the field of education fall short of their purposes and neglect or ignore intended underpinning pedagogy and didactics. As new technologies are being developed, promising great improvements in supporting student’ learning processes, the problem is exasperated by a technological euphoria, supported by EdTech companies, which effectively undermines appropriate cautions and reservations. The article applies the overarching conceptualization Experiential and Collaborative learning (ECL) in an attempt of include an array of established and complex educational methods or pedagogical models, such as Problem-Based Learning (PBL), Reflective Practice-based Learning (RPL) and Inquiry- of ECL have been derived. Based on those keywords, a systematic literature study within the database of ECEL article from 2012-2021 has been conducted to investigate and summarize the potential gap often seen between pedagogical and technological development in Edtech. The research question is twofold: "How is ECL addressed in ECELs papers" and "What is the potential gap transforming ECL to digital solutions"? The findings reveal that ECL is present in many articles to some extent. However, after sorting the articles using PRISMA, only a few articles are included capturing the complexity of ECLs. Based on the selected articles, gaps and potentials are identified, indicating a need for further research.
Single-atom single-photon coupling facilitated by atomic-ensemble dark-state mechanisms

We propose to couple single atomic qubits to photons incident on a cavity containing an atomic ensemble of a different species that mediates the coupling via Rydberg interactions. Subject to a classical field and the cavity field, the ensemble forms a collective dark state which is resonant with the input photon, while excitation of a qubit atom leads to a secondary "dark" state that splits the cavity resonance. The two different dark state mechanisms yield zero and $\pi$ reflection phase shifts and can be used to implement quantum gates between atomic and optical qubits.
hnRNP A1 in RNA metabolism regulation and as a potential therapeutic target

Abnormal RNA metabolism, regulated by various RNA binding proteins, can have functional consequences for multiple diseases. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) is an important RNA binding protein, that regulates various RNA metabolic processes, including transcription, alternative splicing of pre-mRNA, translation, miRNA processing and mRNA stability. As a potent splicing factor, hnRNP A1 can regulate multiple splicing events, including itself, collaborating with other cooperative or antagonistical splicing factors by binding to splicing sites and regulatory elements in exons or introns. hnRNP A1 can modulate gene transcription by directly interacting with promoters or indirectly impacting Pol II activities. Moreover, by interacting with the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) or 3′-UTR of mRNAs, hnRNP A1 can affect mRNA translation. hnRNP A1 can alter the stability of mRNAs by binding to specific locations of 3′-UTR, miRNAs biogenesis and Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway. In this review, we conclude the selective sites where hnRNP A1 binds to RNA and DNA, and the co-regulatory factors that interact with hnRNP A1. Given the dysregulation of hnRNP A1 in diverse diseases, especially in cancers and neurodegeneration diseases, targeting hnRNP A1 for therapeutic treatment is extremely promising. Therefore, this review also provides the small-molecule drugs, biomedicines and novel strategies targeting hnRNP A1 for therapeutic purposes.