Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
REVISTA DE CONTABILIDAD SPANISH ACCOUNTING REVIEW

Cost estimation may become increasingly difficult, slow, and resource-consuming when it cannot be performed analytically. If traditional cost estimation techniques are usable at all under those circumstances, they have important limitations. This article analyses the potential applications of data science to management accounting, through the case of a cost estimation task posted on Kaggle, a Google data science and machine learning website. When extensive data exist, machine learning techniques can overcome some of those limitations. Applying machine learning to the data reveals non-obvious patterns and relationships that can be used to predict costs of new assemblies with acceptable accuracy. This article discusses the advantages and limitations of this approach and its potential to transform cost estimation, and more widely management accounting. The multinational company Caterpillar posted a contest on Kaggle to estimate the price that a supplier would quote for manufacturing a number of industrial assemblies, given historical quotes for similar assemblies. Hitherto, this problem would have required reverse-engineering the supplier’s accounting structure to establish the cost structure of each assembly, identifying non-obvious relationships among variables. This complex and tedious task is usually performed by human experts, adding subjectivity to the process. ©2022 ASEPUC. Published by EDITUM Universidad de Murcia. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Códigos JEL: M11 M15 M41 Palabras clave: Estimación de costes Data Science Big Data Machine Learning Un enfoque de ciencia de datos para la toma de decisiones en la estimación de costes Big Data y aprendizaje automático
Stabilité linéaire de l'écoulement de convection mixte et thermocapillaire d'un film liquide sur un plan horizontal chauffé uniformément par le bas

Nous présentons une analyse de stabilité linéaire d’un écoulement de convection mixte d’un film liquide sur un plan horizontal chauffé uniformément par le bas. La méthode spectrale de collocation basée sur les polynômes de Chebyshev a été employée pour résoudre le système aux valeurs propres du problème. Cette analyse de stabilité a permis d’obtenir les diagrammes de stabilité caractérisant les seuils de perte de stabilité de l’écoulement vis à vis des rouleaux longitudinaux et des rouleaux transversaux ainsi que la forme des structures spatiales de l’écoulement. Par comparaison avec l’écoulement de Poiseuille-Rayleigh-Bénard, très étudié dans la littérature, la présence de la surface supérieure libre rend l’écoulement toujours plus instable.
UC Merced Previously Published Works

gross nitrogen (n) transformations. We hypothesized that n availability in burned patches would become more similar to those in unburned patches over time after fire as these areas become re-vegetated. Burned patches had higher net and gross nitrification rates than unburned patches ( P < 0.01 for both), and nitrification accounted for a greater proportion of n mineralization in burned patches for both net ( P < 0.01) and gross ( P < 0.04) n transformation measurements. however, trends with time-after-fire were not observed for any other variables. Our findings contrast with previous work, which suggested that high nitrification rates are a short-term response to disturbance. Furthermore, high nitrification rates at our site were not simply correlated with the presence of herbaceous vegetation. Instead, we suggest that stand-replacing wildfire triggers a shift in n cycling that is maintained for at least three decades by various factors, including a shift from a woody to an herbaceous eco-system and the presence of fire-deposited charcoal.
348-Joint SOGC-CCMG Guideline: Update on Prenatal Screening for Fetal Aneuploidy, Fetal Anomalies, and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

Objective: To review the available prenatal screening options in light of the recent technical advances and to provide an update of previous guidelines in the ﬁ eld of prenatal screening. Intended Users: Health care providers involved in prenatal screening, including general practitioners, obstetricians, midwives, maternal fetal medicine specialists, geneticists, and radiologists. Target Population: All pregnant women receiving counselling and providing informed consent for prenatal screening. Evidence: PublishedliteraturewasretrievedthroughsearchesofMedline, PubMed, andthe CochraneLibrary inandprior toMarch 2016 using an appropriate controlled vocabulary (prenatal diagnosis, amniocentesis, chorionic villi sampling, non-invasive prenatal screening) and key words (prenatal screening, prenatal genetic counselling). Results were restricted to systematic reviews, randomized control trials/controlled clinicaltrials,andobservationalstudieswritteninEnglishandpublished
Interpreting Neuronal Population Activity by Reconstruction: a Uniied Framework with Application to Hippocampal Place Cells

Physical variables such as the orientation of a line in the visual eld or the location of the body in space are coded as activity levels in populations of neurons. Reconstruction or decoding is an inverse problem in which the physical variables are estimated from observed neural activity. Reconstruction is useful rst in quantifying how much information about the physical variables is present in the population, and second, in providing insight into how the brain might use distributed representations in solving related computational problems such as visual object recognition and spatial navigation. Two classes of reconstruction methods, namely, probabilistic or Bayesian methods and basis function methods, are discussed. They include important existing methods as special cases, such as population vector coding, optimal linear estimation and template matching. As a representative example for the reconstruction problem, diierent methods were applied to multi-electrode spike train data from hippocampal place cells in freely moving rats. The reconstruction accuracy of the trajectories of the rats was compared for the diierent methods. Bayesian methods were especially accurate when a continuity constraint was enforced, and the best errors were within a factor of two of the the information-theoretic limit on how accurate any reconstruction can be, which were comparable with the intrinsic experimental errors in position tracking. In addition, the reconstruction analysis uncovered some interesting aspects of place cell activity, such as the tendency for erratic jumps of the reconstructed trajectory when the animal stopped running. In general, the theoretical values of the minimal achievable reconstruction errors quantify how accurately a physical variable is encoded in the neuronal population in the sense of mean square error, regardless of the method used for reading out the information. One related result is that the theoretical accuracy is independent of the width of the Gaussian tuning function only in two dimensions. Finally, all the reconstruction methods considered in this paper can be implemented by a uniied neural network architecture, which the brain could feasibly use to solve related problems.
The ultrastructure of ﬁ bronectin ﬁ bers pulled from a protein monolayer at the air-liquid interface and the mechanism of the sheet-to-ﬁ ber transition

Fibronectin is a globular protein that circulates in the blood and undergoes ﬁ brillogenesis if stretched or under other partially denaturing conditions, even in the absence of cells. Stretch assays made by pulling ﬁ bers from droplets of solutions containing high concentrations of ﬁ bronectin have previously been introduced in mechanobiology, particularly to ask how bacteria and cells exploit the stretching of ﬁ bronectin ﬁ bers within extracellular matrix to mechano-regulate its chemical display. Our electron microscopy analysis of their ultrastructure now reveals that the manually pulled ﬁ bronectin ﬁ bers are composed of densely packed lamellar spirals, whose interlamellar distances are dictated by ion-tunable electrostatic interactions. Our ﬁ ndings suggest that ﬁ brillogenesis proceeds via an irreversible sheet-to-ﬁ ber transition as the ﬁ bronectin sheet formed at the air-liquid interface of the droplet is pulled off by a sharp tip. This far from equilibrium process is driven by the externally applied force, interfacial surface tension, shear-induced ﬁ bronectin self-association, and capillary force-induced buffer drainage. The ultrastructural characterization is then contrasted with previous FRET studies that characterized the molecular strain within these manually pulled ﬁ bers. Particularly relevant for stretch-dependent binding studies is the ﬁ nding that the interior ﬁ ber surfaces are accessible to nanoparticles smaller than 10 nm. In summary, our study discovers the underpinning mechanism by which highly hierarchically structured ﬁ bers can be generated with unique mechanical and mechano-chemical properties, a concept that might be extended to other bio-or biomimetic polymers. © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).
Exploring the role of meteorological factors in predicting 1 incident pulmonary tuberculosis: A time-series study in 2 eastern China

Background: Many studies have compared the performance of time-series models in 19 predicting pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Few studies regarding the role of 20 meteorological factors in predicting PTB are available. This study aims to explore 21 whether incorporating meteorological factors can improve the performance of time 22 series models in predicting pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Methods: We collected the monthly number of PTB cases registered in three cities of 25 China from 2005 to 2018, and data of six meteorological factors in the same period. 26 We constructed three time-series models, including the autoregressive integrated 27 moving average (ARIMA) model, the ARIMA with exogenous variables (ARIMAX) 28 model, and the recurrent neural network (RNN) model. The construction of the 29 ARIMA model did not incorporate meteorological factors, while the construction of 30 ARIMAX and RNN models incorporated meteorological factors. The mean absolute 31 percentage error (MAPE) and root mean square error (RMSE) were used to compare 32 the performance of models in predicting the monthly number of PTB cases in 2018. Results: Both the cross-correlation analysis and spearman rank correlation test showed that PTB was related to meteorological factors in the three cities. The 36 prediction performance of both ARIMA and RNN models was improved after 37 incorporating the meteorological factors. The MAPEs of the ARIMA, ARIMAX, and 38 RNN models were 12.536%, 11.957%, and 12.360% in Xuzhou, 15.568%, 11.155%, 39 and 14.087% in Nantong, and 9.700%, 9.660% and 12.501% in Wuxi, respectively. The RMSEs of the three models were 36.194, 33.956 and 34.785 in Xuzhou, 34.073, 41 25.884 and 31.828 in Nantong, and 19.545, 19.026 and 26.019 in Wuxi, respectively. 43 Conclusions: Our study revealed a possible link between PTB and meteorological factors. Taking meteorological factors into consideration may increase the accuracy of 45 time series models in predicting PTB.
Nudging the Agents: Does it Reduce Discrimination Against Migrants in the House Rental Market?

This study examines the impact of a behavioral intervention on reducing discrimination against Venezuelan migrants in the screening of home rental applications conducted by Ecuadorian real estate agents (REAs). Given that Venezuelan migrants represent the second-largest migratory group globally, with over seven million individuals seeking refuge primarily in other Latin American countries, understanding and addressing discrimination against them is of significant importance. Our artifactual field experiment involved providing information to REAs that highlighted the extra efforts Venezuelan migrants must make to achieve the same goals as nonmigrants in host countries. The results demonstrated a meaningful increase of 33.67% in the preference for Venezuelan migrants over native applicants, with this effect mainly driven by changes in male REAs discriminatory behaviors. The findings suggest that challenging the information value of Venezuelan migrant stereotypes, which often underlie assumptions about their qualities, can effectively diminish discrimination during the rental application process. This research contributes valuable insights to the ongoing efforts to identify effective means to deal with discrimination against migrants.
Studies on adjustment of temperature suitable to cucumber in solar greenhouse in winter

The relation between coverings and the diurnal variation of temperature in solar greenhouse in winter was studied The variation consists of four continuous states: rapid rising, keeping stability, rapid falling and slow falling, each followed one turning point -T d, T o, T c and T f in turn Adjusting the four turning points could maintain suitable temperature for cucumber growing The data collected from Jinan and Shouguang during 1998-2000 were analyzed by using liner regression method, and the regression equations about the lowest temperature in solar greenhouse changing with the lowest air temperature were established The experiment shows that the management according to the equation gets good effect in improving the cucumber production
The Political Economy of Redistribution and (in)Efficiency in Latin America and the Caribbean

Predominant views on the political economy of Latin America and the Caribbean tend to emphasize that elite domination helps to understand the high levels of inequality. The contemporary fiscal version of that assertion goes something like “the rich are powerful and they dont like taxes, hence we have little taxation and little redistribution. ” That is a good approximation to the reality of some countries, but not of others. There are cases in the region where there are high levels of taxation and non-negligible redistributive efforts. But in some of those cases such redistribution comes hand in hand with macroeconomic imbalances, high inflation, low growth, as well as low-quality public policies. When redistributive efforts are short-sighted and attempted with inefficient public policies, fiscal imbalances lead to inflation and to frequent macroeconomic crises that reduce growth and thwart poverty reduction efforts. The argument of this paper is that there are various possible political configurations (including elite domination and populism among others) that lead to different economic and social outcomes (including the degree of redistribution and others). We postulate that each configuration of social outcomes emerges out of different political economy equilibria. Different countries in the region will be in different political economy equilibria, and hence will have different combinations of political economy syndromes and of socioeconomic outcomes. In this paper, we characterize the countries regarding the size of the public sector, how much fiscal redistribution there is, and how efficient this public action is. We summarize various strands of literature that attempt to explain some elements of that fiscal vector one at a time; and then attempt to provide a simple framework that might explain why different countries present different configurations of size, distributiveness, and efficiency.
Ist körperliche Aktivität Demenz-präventiv ? Impact of Physical Activity on Cognition . Can Physical Activity Prevent Dementia ?

Zusammenfassung ▼ Der Einfl uss regelmäßiger körperlicher Aktivität auf kognitive Leistungen gewinnt wegen zunehmender Häufi gkeit an Demenzerkrankungen im Zug der demografi schen Entwicklung an Interesse. In der vorliegenden Literaturübersicht wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob und gegebenenfalls welchen Einfl uss körperliche Aktivität kurzoder langfristig auf kognitive Leistungen hat. Es wurde zudem eine Metaanalyse prospektiver Kohortenstudien zur Entwicklung kognitiver Defi zite mit und ohne regelmäßige körperliche Aktivität bei älteren Personen vorgenommen. Es zeigt sich, dass körperliche Aktivität sowohl kurzals auch langfristig einen positiven Einfl uss auf kognitive Funktionen ausüben kann, wobei allerdings der Eff ekt bei bereits bestehenden kognitiven Einschränkungen gering bis sogar fraglich ist. Hingegen zeigt die Metaanalyse, dass regelmäßige körperliche Aktivität – in der Regel im aeroben Bereich – das Risiko eines Abbaus kognitiver Leistungsfähigkeit bei älteren Personen um etwa 25 % (undiff erenzierte Demenzen), 37 % (Demenz vom Alzheimer-Typ) und 46 % (leichtes kognitives Defi zit) reduzieren kann. Lediglich das Risiko vaskulärer Demenzen wurde nicht signifi kant gesenkt. Hierin besteht – neben zahlreichen anderen gesundheitsfördernden Eff ekten – eine weitere Grundlage für den Sinn regelmäßiger sportlicher Aktivität. Abstract ▼ The interest on the impact of regular physical activity on cognition is growing due to increasing frequencies of dementia caused by the demographic changes. The present review analyses whether there is any impact of short-term or long-standing physical activity on cognition and, if any, in which way and to what extent. A meta-analytical synthesis of prospective cohort studies on the development of cognitive decline in elderly individuals depending on their previous amount of regular physical activity has been performed. The literature review indicates that both short-term as well as regular long-standing physical activity has a positive infl uence on cognitive functions in several aspects. However, the eff ects are small or even questionable in people with pre-existing cognitive impairment. The meta-analysis proves that regular physical activity – especially on an aerobic basis – lowers the risk of subsequent cognitive decline by about 25 % (undiff erentiated dementia), 37 % (dementia of Alzheimer type), and 46 % (mild cognitive impairment). Merely the risk of vascular dementia has not been proven to be reduced signifi cantly. Therefore, preventing cognitive decline may be another motivation for being regularly physically active – besides the numerous other constitutional eff ects. Bibliografi e DOI http://dx.doi. org/ 10.1055/s-0032-1316354 Akt Neurol 2012; 39: 276–291 © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York ISSN 0302-4350
Characterization of Essential Oils of Saussurea lappa Clarke, Their Effect on Pathogens and Possible Implication for the Treatment of COVID-19

COVID-19 virus is one of the chest diseases that affect the respiratory system because of contamination through Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) . It is utilized as anti-inflammatory, a nti-viral, antibacterial, lipid lowering, analgesic and a ntipyretic. T herefore, Saussurea l appa clarke extracts can be used in the management of COVID-19. In this work, the original oil was extracted from Saussurea lappa ( S. lappa ) clarke by using hydro distillation apparatus and then subjected to gas chromatography mass spectrometric analysis. Sums of twenty one composites were recognized and major compounds that were detected are the following: Costunolide (9.29%), ehydrocostus lactone (47.54%) and α-curcumene (4.33%). Anti-oxidant action against the standard 2 of crude extracts of the S. lappa was checked, 2-Diphenyl-1-Picryl-Hydrazyl (DPPH). he antibacterial activity against E coli and fungal strains were also assessed, and the plant extract showed greater results than the standard drug. T he cytotoxicity of S. lappa essential oil was superior to crude extracts and significant results were obtained regarding metal chelation and minimum inhibitory concentration. During the qualitative and quantitative analysis, the compound β-pinene and δ-terpineol showed more percentage peak areas of 2.49% and 4.33% respectively than the previously reported percentage peak area. T he iron chelation potential of the fundamental oil of S. lappa was determined using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometric (GC-MS), which also showed remarkable results. Hence, the fundamental oil of S. lappa possesses excellent antibacterial activity, low cytotoxicity, iron chelation capacity and thus recommended for medicinal use against pathogens and for the potential treatment of COVID-19 . It has also been shown that α-and β-pinene type terpenes have broad health properties and can be used to treat COVID-19 as well as other medical diseases. However, clinical trials are needed to corroborate the efficacy for COVID-19 treatment.
Analysis of Crustal Movement Features in Shandong Area Based on the Data of GPS Observation Network

Based on the GPS data from the crustal movement GPS observation network of Shandong(CMONOSD) and IGS stations in 2007,the movement of both side of Yishu fault zone,which is the main fault zone in Shangdong province,is analyzed.The baselines values among stations and velocity fields for stations are calculated by using GAMIT/GLOBK software.The results show that the movement among different blocks in Shandong and adjacent area is relatively stable,and whole area is moving to southeast smoothly along with the eastern part of Chinese mainland.
Epistemology of language and space: an introduction

intersections of three spatial phenomena: a) stratified multilingual spaces with their centers and scales; b) internal mobility of inhabitants of touristified places in terms of both horizontal mobility (internal displacements) and vertical mobility (of a socio-economic nature); and c) tourism as short-term mobility. The most important epistemological issue that emerges from the paper is the question of how to approach the effect of tourism on the linguistic ecology of touristified spaces. The descriptive-contrastive analysis of two spaces is proposed as a necessary step to study this effect. From a methodological point of view, the paper mobilizes a series of data and observations constructed from a combination of methods ranging from (digital) ethnography to demolinguistics and discourse analysis. In this sense, the paper reveals that the ontological plurality of spatiality can/should/has to result in methodological plurality.
AN ANALYSIS ON ANNUAL VARIATION OF MONTHLY MEAN SEA WAVE FIELDS IN NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN

The meteorological data for shipping in the north Pacific Ocean during 1950-1995 are analyzed with 5°×5° resolution, and the characteristics and variation trends of wind wave and swell are given. The wind wave in the equatorial zone is in northeast direction nearly the whole year. The sea wave is stronger and the corresponding averaged wave height is higher in winter than in summer, and the frequencies of rough sea and heavy swell in winter are also higher than in summer. The north Pacific Ocean and the north Indian Ocean all belong to monsoon area, but their characteristics are contrary to each other