Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Building for Life: Designing and Understanding the Human-Nature Connection

This is a definitive examination of how the inter-relationship between nature, architecture, and design is essential to human well-being. "Sustainable design" has made great strides in recent years; unfortunately, it still falls short of fully integrating nature into our built environment. Through a groundbreaking new paradigm of "restorative environmental design," award-winning author, Stephen R. Kellert proposes a new architectural model of sustainability. In "Building for Life", Kellert examines the fundamental interconnectedness of people and nature, and how the loss of this connection results in a diminished quality of life. This thoughtful new work illustrates how architects and designers can use simple methods to address our innate needs for contact with nature. Through the use of natural lighting, ventilation, and materials, as well as more unexpected methodologies - the use of metaphor, perspective, enticement, and symbol - architects can greatly enhance our daily lives. These design techniques foster intellectual development, relaxation, and physical and emotional well-being. In the works of architects like Frank Lloyd Wright, Eero Saarinen, Cesar Pelli, Norman Foster, and Michael Hopkins, Kellert sees the success of these strategies and presents models for moving forward. Ultimately, Kellert views our fractured relationship with nature as a design problem rather than an unavoidable aspect of modern life, and he proposes many practical and creative solutions for cultivating a more rewarding experience of nature in our built environment.
Ascaris suum Nutrient Uptake and Metabolic Release, and Modulation of Host Intestinal Nutrient Transport by Excretory-Secretory and Cuticle Antigens In Vitro

Ascaris suum, the most important pig parasite, also infects humans as a zoonotic pathogen. Malabsorption upon infection probably results from impaired nutrient transport, presumably mediated by the parasite’s excretory-secretory (ES) or cuticle somatic (CSO) antigens. The present study investigated the electrogenic transport (ΔIsc) of glucose, alanine and the dipeptide glycyl-l-glutamine (glygln), as well as glucose net flux rates in pig jejunal tissue after in vitro exposure to adult A. suum total ES or CSO antigens in Ussing chambers. ΔIsc of glucose, alanine and glucose net flux rate were significantly decreased after one hour of exposure to total ES antigen. In contrast, CSO antigens increased the transport of glygln. Additionally, nutrient uptake and ES antigen pattern were compared in culture medium from untreated adult worms and those with sealed mouth and anal openings. Untreated worms completely absorbed glucose, while cuticular absorption in sealed worms led to 90% reduction. Amino acid absorption was 30% less effective in sealed worms, and ammonia excretion decreased by 20%. Overall, the results show that A. suum total ES antigen rapidly impairs nutrient transport in vitro. Future studies confirming the results in vivo, narrowing down the ES components responsible and investigating underlying molecular mechanisms are needed.
Glutamine Homeostasis and Its Role in the Adaptive Strategies of the Blind Mole Rat, Spalax

Oxidative metabolism is fine-tuned machinery that combines two tightly coupled fluxes of glucose and glutamine-derived carbons. Hypoxia interrupts the coordination between the metabolism of these two nutrients and leads to a decrease of the system efficacy and may eventually cause cell death. The subterranean blind mole rat, Spalax, is an underexplored, underground, hypoxia-tolerant mammalian group which spends its life under sharply fluctuating oxygen levels. Primary Spalax cells are an exceptional model to study the metabolic strategies that have evolved in mammals inhabiting low-oxygen niches. In this study we explored the metabolic frame of glutamine (Gln) homeostasis in Spalax skin cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions and their impacts on the metabolism of rat cells. Targeted metabolomics employing liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to track the fate of heavy glutamine carbons (13C5 Gln) after 24 h under normoxia or hypoxia (1% O2). Our results indicated that large amounts of glutamine-originated carbons were detected as proline (Pro) and hydroxyproline (HPro) in normoxic Spalax cells with a further increase under hypoxia, suggesting a strategy for reduced Gln carbons storage in proteins. The intensity of the flux and the presence of HPro suggests collagen as a candidate protein that is most abundant in animals, and as the primary source of HPro. An increased conversion of αKG to 2 HG that was indicated in hypoxic Spalax cells prevents the degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and, consequently, maintains cytosolic and mitochondrial carbons fluxes that were uncoupled via inhibition of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. A strong antioxidant defense in Spalax cells can be attributed, at least in part, to the massive usage of glutamine-derived glutamate for glutathione (GSH) production. The present study uncovers additional strategies that have evolved in this unique mammal to support its hypoxia tolerance, and probably contribute to its cancer resistance, longevity, and healthy aging.
Modélisation et conception optimale de moteurs à courant continu à aimants permanents : développement d'un outil et validations expérimentales

This work deals with the study of low power electric motors manufactured in mass production by the car industry with particulary strong technical and economical constraints. The application concerns more precisely dc commutator motors with permanent magnet driving a fan in an engine cooling system. Faced with the multiplication of electrical system per car, the manufacturers objective is to decrease each motor bulk and as far as possible to rise their efficiency. The aim of this thesis lies in the development of a software for optimisation and design assistance. A first phase concerns the development of an analytical model which allows, from a motor geometry and the characterisation of its materials, to predict magnetic and electromechanical performances for a running point or on an operating range. The principal originality of the modelling is to take into account the phenomena related to commutation and more particulary the fact taht some coils are short-circuited by brushes during the armature rotation. The results obtained by the analytical model are confirmed by numerical simulations and validated by experimental results on an automated bench developed in the laboratory. The results are in very good agreement and thus allow, in a second phase, the implementation of the analytical model in an optimising procedure PASCOSMA (optimisation software developed at the laboratory of electrical engineering of Grenoble) to generate a design application. The performances expected for a running point as well as the constraints on various parameters are introduced by a convivial user interface. Automatic design of the motor is realised by respecting all the constraints and by minimising the objective function. The optimisation procedure, applied to a given motor, allowed an increase of 3. 5 points of its efficiency with a reduction of 45% of its axial bulk, in accordance with the design specifications. This work is finalised by the product of an assistance software for motor design which allows to impose constraints and to obtain the best adapted motor geometry for the imposed criteria.
Comparison of image georeferencing strategies for agricultural applications of small unoccupied aircraft systems

Small unoccupied aircraft systems (sUAS) are becoming popular for mapping applications in agriculture, and photogrammetry software is available for developing orthorectified imagery and three‐dimensional surface models. Ground control points (GCPs), which are objects or locations with known geographic coordinates, may be required for accurate image georeferencing. However, few studies have compared global position equipment among sUAS or investigated the effects of GCP number or arrangement on georeferencing accuracy. The objectives of this study were to evaluate numbers and configurations of GCPs for georeferencing sUAS‐acquired images and determine the GCP requirements for sUAS with and without real‐time kinematic (RTK) global positioning equipment. The effects of varying numbers and configurations of GCPs were investigated on both a 0.40‐ha area the size of a typical plant breeding trial and a 64.7‐ha area (i.e., a U.S. quarter section) the size of a typical agricultural production field. Results demonstrated that four GCPs placed at the corners of the breeding‐scale field resulted in two‐dimensional (2D) error of ±3 cm in the absence of RTK, with minimal improvements when including more GCPs. The orthomosaics from the RTK‐equipped sUAS demonstrated improved 2D accuracy even without the use of GCPs, with a maximum mean error of 0.08 m. Four GCPs were found to be sufficient to reduce altitudinal (Z) error, with maximum mean error of only 0.05 and 1.98 m for the RTK and non‐RTK flights, respectively, for the production‐scale field. Thus, using four GCPs, RTK‐equipped sUAS, or a combination will result in improved georeferencing for photogrammetry products.
Development of Collaborative SLAM Algorithm for Team of Robots

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is a fundamental problem for building truly automatic robots. Varieties of methods and algorithms have been generated, and applied into mobile robots during the last thirty years. However, each algorithm has its strength and weakness. This thesis studies the most recent published techniques in the field of mobile robot SLAM. Specifically, it focuses on investigating robot path and landmark position estimating errors made by different methods. The Hybrid method, which uses FastSLAM method as front-end and uses EKF-SLAM method as back-end, combines both methods advantages, producing smaller errors on estimating robot pose. The Hybrid method solves the single robot SLAM problems by summing the weighted mean values of each particle in FastSLAM. The contributions of this thesis is it presents an alternate mapping algorithm that extends this single-robot Hybrid SLAM algorithm to a multi-robot SLAM algorithm. In this algorithm, each robot draws map of the environment separately, and robots could transfer their mapping information into a central computer. The central computer could merge the landmark positions from different robots. At last, a revised landmark position as well as its covariance will be calculated. Landmark positions are fused together according to two robots feature information by using Kalman Filters.
Serological and immuno-histopathological detection of Paramphistomum epiclitum infection in large ruminant population in Punjab, Pakistan

Recent molecular identification of Paramphistomum epiclitum in Pakistan raises concerns about its epidemiology and pathologies in infected tissues of ruminants. The present study aimed to find the seroepidemiological and histopathological record of Paramphistomum epiclitum from cattle and buffaloes. Indirect ELISA on animal sera and histology of infected rumen with hematological and biochemical analyses were performed. The overall prevalence of P. epiclitum was noted as 15.3% in the abattoir survey and 37.6% in the serological examination. The sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic test were 100% and 83.3% respectively. The paramphistomosis was significantly (p= 0.001) higher during August (6.4%) followed by September (5.4%), whereas the lowest prevalence was recorded during April (0.4%). The hematological and biochemical variations showed significant increase in total leukocyte count (p= 0.002), alanine aminotransferase (p= 0.05), glucose (p= 0.01) and cholesterol (p = 0.024) levels. However, significant decrease in the level of erythrocyte (p= 0.019), hemoglobin (p= 0.001), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (p= 0.05), mean corpuscular volume (p= 0.038) and platelets count (p= 0.048) was observed. The histopathology of rumen tissue showed haemorrhages, atrophy of ruminal papillae, sloughed mucosa, cellular vacuolation, and infiltration of lymphocytes inflammatory cells. The present study provides the prevalence and histopathological record of P. epiclitum in Pakistan for the first time in order to take control measures in the country.
A Wireless Sensor Network Deployment for Soil Moisture Monitoring in Precision Agriculture

The use of precision agriculture is becoming more and more necessary to provide food for the world’s growing population, as well as to reduce environmental impact and enhance the usage of limited natural resources. One of the main drawbacks that hinder the use of precision agriculture is the cost of technological immersion in the sector. For farmers, it is necessary to provide low-cost and robust systems as well as reliability. Toward this end, this paper presents a wireless sensor network of low-cost sensor nodes for soil moisture that can help farmers optimize the irrigation processes in precision agriculture. Each wireless node is composed of four soil moisture sensors that are able to measure the moisture at different depths. Each sensor is composed of two coils wound onto a plastic pipe. The sensor operation is based on mutual induction between coils that allow monitoring the percentage of water content in the soil. Several prototypes with different features have been tested. The prototype that has offered better results has a winding ratio of 1:2 with 15 and 30 spires working at 93 kHz. We also have developed a specific communication protocol to improve the performance of the whole system. Finally, the wireless network was tested, in a real, cultivated plot of citrus trees, in terms of coverage and received signal strength indicator (RSSI) to check losses due to vegetation.
Plant Lifecycle Data Standards in the Process Industry: Diagnosis and Resolution of Collective Action Failure

Rationale, aims and objectives: Several stakeholders had observed the slow adoption of product model data standards in the Process Industry. The collective action failure contradicts the expectations from public good games with increasing returns to scale. No earlier research had investigated the strength of this observation, nor the possible causes for the apparently irrational slow adoption. The purpose of this study was to determine the reality of the adoption failure and to propose diagnostic leads regarding the failure's cause-effect mechanisms. Methods: Stakeholder interviews were used to analyze the industry's in-need state regarding plant life cycle data standards. Factor categories and kinds of adoption-hurdles were summarized following a literature review on technology diffusion under network effects. Actor network theory was used to map the data standards adoption incentives and barriers in the process industry and to contrast standards adoption with the automotive industry. Meta-analysis techniques were used to interpret our findings and identify cause-effect mechanisms across the factors (diagnostic realm), and to articulate intervention-focused recommendations on them (therapeutic realm). Results: Using the lens of Actor Network Theory and the Multi-Level Perspective, standards adoption performance in two industries is compared. A problem mess description helped the stakeholders to better understand each others interests and limitations in developing or adopting product model standards. This descriptive result was utilized to formulate tactics recommendations for private and public sector actors. Conclusions: That product model standards adoption in the process industry is slower than in the automotive industry could be attributed to a range of factors and their impacts upon actor tactics. Our descriptive results and their interpretation w.r. t. the findings of other studies offer step-stones, both for practitioners and researchers in the interoperability standards arena.
Crop - Weed interactive dynamics in the presence of herbicides: Mathematical modeling and analysis

In the present study, a nonlinear model is formulated to demonstrate crop - weed interactions, when they both grow together on agricultural land and compete with each other for the same resources like sunlight, water, nutrients etc., under the aegis of herbicides. The developed model is mathematically analyzed through qualitative theory of differential equations to demonstrate rich dynamical characteristics of the system, which are important to be known for maximizing crop yield. The qualitative results reveal that the system not only exhibits stability of more than one equilibrium states, but also undergoes saddle - node, transcritical and Hopf bifurcations, however, depending on parametric combinations. The results of saddle - node and transcritical bifurcations help to plan strategies for maximum crop yield by putting check over the parameters responsible for the depletion of crops due to their interaction with weeds and herbicides. Hopf - bifurcation shows bifurcation of limit cycle through Hopf - bifurcation threshold, which supports that crop - weed interactions are not always of regular type, but they can also be periodic.
Self-Supporting Microchannel Liquid-Cooled Plate for T/R Modules Based on Additive Manufacturing: Study on Its Pass Design, Formation Process and Boiling Heat Transfer Performance

The additive manufacturing technology of laser-based powder bed fusion (L-PBF), which is used to produce boiling heat transfer structures, offers a high processing flexibility and can provide lattice structures with a high surface-to-volume ratio. As an important part of the phased array radar, the plentiful transmit/receive (T/R) modules can generate considerable heat. Targeting this local overheating problem, this study discusses the pass design, the optimal formation process, and boiling heat transfer performance of microchannel liquid-cooled plates based on L-PBF additive manufacturing technology. The optimum design and process parameters were obtained by performing basic channel experiments. On this basis, the design and formation experiments of the microchannel structure were performed, and then the porosity and pore morphology of microchannel liquid-cooled plate samples were analysed. The boiling heat transfer experiments were conducted with deionised water, and the boiling heat transfer characteristics were compared with the saturated boiling curve of a traditional copper-tube liquid-cooled plate. The average wall temperature of the designed samples decreased by 4% compared with that of the traditional liquid-cooled plate under the same heat flow density the value reduced from 111.9 °C to 108.2 °C. Furthermore, within the same optimal boiling temperature range, the average heat flow densities of all the prepared samples increased by >60% compared with those of the traditional liquid-cooled plate the value increased from minimum 16 W∙cm−2 to maximum 34 W∙cm−2. The self-supporting microchannel structure can considerably improve the heat dissipation effect of T/R modules and solve the local overheating problem.
Doctoral Education, Job Mismatch, and Wage Consequences in South Korea: A Propensity Score Matching Approach

This study extends the previous literature on the wage effects of over-education, focusing on young doctorate holders (DHs). It also contributes to the conventional over-education literature on a causal relationship between over-education and wages by implementing techniques of propensity score matching (PSM). By tackling potential bias as a consequence of omitted variable bias via the PSM strategy, this study provides evidence of the negative influence of over-education on wages (i.e., the over-education wage penalty) once potential sources of bias are adequately considered. While the current analysis is focused on one country, South Korea, its results might be relevant for many other countries that have experienced a rapid expansion in the supply of DHs over recent years.
Altitude Lock Design for QuadCopter Using Sonar Based on Fuzzy Controller

Quadcopter merupakan sebuah pesawat tanpa awak yang terus dikembangkan belakangan ini. Quadcopter memiliki 4 buah baling-baling penggerak (propeller) yang memungkinkan pesawat tanpa awak ini dapat melakukan Vertical Take Off and Landing (VTOL). Terdapat 3 macam gerakan terbang Quadcopter yaitu gerakan pitch (gerakan ke depan dan belakang), gerakan roll (gerakan ke samping), dan gerakan yaw (gerakan memutar/rotasi). Quadcopter memerlukan sebuah kontroler terbang agar kecepatan putar 4 buah propeller dapat diatur sedemikian rupa agar dapat melakukan ketiga gerakan tersebut. Kontroler terbang yang popular dengan harga yang cukup terjangkau adalah board kontroler KK2.0. Dengan board kontroler KK2.0, Quadcopter dapat dengan mudah dikontrol gerak terbangnya. Pada paper ini mempresentasikan desain fitur baru yang tidak dimiliki KK2.0 yaitu fitur Altitude Lock yang didesain pada board kontroler YoHe v1.1 berbasis Fuzzy Controller. Dengan penggabungan board kontroler KK2.0 dan board kontroler YoHe dengan fitur Altitude Lock membuat Quadcopter mempunyai kemampuan selalu menjaga ketinggiannya tidak berubah-ubah. Fitur Altitude Lock pada board kontroler YoHe v1.1 ini mampu menjaga ketinggian ± 10 cm dari ketinggian yang diinginkan.
Integrated Nanophotonic Waveguide-Based Devices for IR and Raman Gas Spectroscopy

On-chip devices for absorption spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy have been developing rapidly in the last few years, triggered by the growing availability of compact and affordable tunable lasers, detectors, and on-chip spectrometers. Material processing that is compatible with mass production has been proven to be capable of long low-loss waveguides of sophisticated designs, which are indispensable for high-light–analyte interactions. Sensitivity and selectivity have been further improved by the development of sorbent cladding. In this review, we discuss the latest advances and challenges in the field of waveguide-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (WERS) and waveguide infrared absorption spectroscopy (WIRAS). The development of integrated light sources and detectors toward miniaturization will be presented, together with the recent advances on waveguides and cladding to improve sensitivity. The latest reports on gas-sensing applications and main configurations for WERS and WIRAS will be described, and the most relevant figures of merit and limitations of different sensor realizations summarized.