Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Probing gravitational lensing of the CMB with SDSS-IV quasars

Author(s): Han, J; Ferraro, S; Giusarma, E; Ho, S | Abstract: © 2019 The Author(s). We study the cross-correlation between the Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing convergence map and the extended-Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (e-BOSS) quasar overdensity obtained from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) IV, in the redshift range 0.9 l z l 2.2. We detect the CMB lensing convergence–quasar cross-power spectrum at 5. 4σ significance. The cross-power spectrum provides a quasar clustering bias measurement that is expected to be particularly robust against systematic effects. The redshift distribution of the quasar sample has a median redshift z ≈ 1.55, and an effective redshift about 1.51. The best-fitting bias of the quasar sample is b q = 2.43 ± 0.45, corresponding to a host halo mass of log 10 h − 1MM = 12.54 +−00 . 2536 . This is broadly consistent with the previous literature on quasars with a similar redshift range and selection. Since our constraint on the bias comes from the cross-correlation between quasars and CMB lensing, we expect it to be robust to a wide range of possible systematic effects that may contaminate the autocorrelation of quasars. We checked for a number of systematic effects from both CMB lensing and quasar overdensity, and found that all systematics are consistent with null within 2σ. The data are not sensitive to a possible scale dependence of the bias at present, but we expect that as the number of quasars increases [in future surveys such as Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI)], it is likely that strong constraints on the scale dependence of the bias can be obtained.
The young cluster NGC 2282: a multiwavelength perspective

We present the analysis of the stellar content of NGC~2282, a young cluster in the Monoceros constellation, using deep optical $BVI$ and IPHAS photometry along with infrared (IR) data from UKIDSS and $Spitzer$-IRAC. Based on the stellar surface density analysis using nearest neighborhood method, the radius of the cluster is estimated as $\sim$ 3.15$\arcmin$. From optical spectroscopic analysis of 8 bright sources, we have classified three early B-type members in the cluster, which includes, HD 289120, a previously known B2V type star, a Herbig Ae/Be star (B0.5 Ve) and a B5 V star. From spectrophotometric analyses, the distance to the cluster has been estimated as $\sim$ 1.65 kpc. The $K$-band extinction map is estimated using nearest neighborhood technique, and the mean extinction within the cluster area is found to be A$_V$ $\sim$ 3.9 mag. Using IR colour-colour criteria and H$_\alpha$-emission properties, we have identified a total of 152 candidate young stellar objects (YSOs) in the region, of which, 75 are classified as Class II, 9 are Class I YSOs. Our YSO catalog also includes 50 H$_\alpha$-emission line sources, identified using slitless spectroscopy and IPHAS photometry data. Based on the optical and near-IR colour-magnitude diagram analyses, the cluster age has been estimated to be in the range of 2 $-$ 5 Myr, which is in agreement with the estimated age from disc fraction ($\sim$ 58\%). Masses of these YSOs are found to be $\sim$ 0.1$-$2.0 M$_\odot$. Spatial distribution of the candidate YSOs shows spherical morphology, more or less similar to the surface density map.
Hadronic resonances with exotic electric charge

We classify the meson and baryon long lived resonances considering quarks with electric charge 5/3 and $-4/3$ (in units of $\vert e\vert$) predicted by some 3-3-1 models. Some of these exotic resonances have the usual electric charges $0,\pm1$, others have $\pm(3,4,5)$, and the lightest ones decaying only into leptons plus known resonances. We propose another heavy $SU(3)_H$ global symmetry under which hadrons involving only exotic quarks can be constructed.
Modeling an Enterprise Environment for Testing Openstack Cloud Platform against Low-Rate DDoS Attacks

Because of the low detection accuracy of low-rate Distributed Denial of Service (LDDoS) attacks in Software Defined Networks (SDN) in cloud environments, there is a lack of unified frameworks for the data plane, and control plane. To solve the problems of detection and defense against Low-rate DDoS attacks, a unified detection framework for Low-rate DDoS is proposed. The benefit behind SDN is centralizing on the controller the management of the network and the ability to use a custom application for controlling the ingress traffic. The controller issues relevant policies to block the attack flow and secure the availability of services.
Theory of charge density wave depinning by electromechanical effect

We discuss the first theory for the depinning of low-dimensional, incommensurate, charge density waves (CDWs) in the strong electron-phonon (e-p) regime. Arguing that most real CDWs systems invariably develop a gigantic dielectric constant (GDC) at very low frequencies, we propose an electromechanical mechanism which is based on a local field effect. At zero electric field and large enough e-p coupling the structures are naturally pinned by the lattice due to its discreteness, and develop modulation functions which are characterized by discontinuities. When the electric field is turned on, we show that it exists a finite threshold value for the electric field above which the discontinuities of the modulation functions vanish due to CDW deformation. The CDW is then free to move. The signature of this pinning/depinning transition as a function of the increasing electric field can be directly observed in the phonon spectrum by using inelastic neutrons or X-rays experiments.
Evolution of redback radio pulsars in globular clusters

We study the evolution of close binary systems composed of a normal, intermediate mass star and a neutron star considering a chemical composition typical of that present in globular clusters (Z = 0.001). We look for similarities and differences with respect to solar composition donor stars, which we have extensively studied in the past. As a definite example, we perform an application on one of the redbacks located in a globular cluster. We performed a detailed grid of models in order to find systems that represent the so-called redback binary radio pulsar systems with donor star masses between 0.6 and 2.0 solar masses and orbital periods in the range 0.2 - 0.9 days. We find that the evolution of these binary systems is rather similar to those corresponding to solar composition objects, allowing us to account for the occurrence of redbacks in globular clusters, as the main physical ingredient is the irradiation feedback. Redback systems are in the quasi-RLOF state, that is, almost filling their corresponding Roche lobe. During the irradiation cycle the system alternates between semi-detached and detached states. While detached the system appears as a binary millisecond pulsar, called a redback. Circumstellar material, as seen in redbacks, is left behind after the previous semi-detached phase. The evolution of binary radio pulsar systems considering irradiation successfully accounts for, and provides a way for, the occurrence of redback pulsars in low-metallicity environments such as globular clusters. This is the case despite possible effects of the low metal content of the donor star that could drive systems away from redback configuration.
Wilson Loops for M2- and M5-brane spaces

We calculate the quark and anti-quark interaction energy in different positions in spaces generated by N coincident M2and M5-branes. We use the Maldacena-Rey-Yee method for calculating this energy as a function of quark-antiquark separation. We obtain the solution for these problems as integrals of the metric elements. For limiting regimes we find simpler solutions for which some potentials exhibit a confinement behavior. ar X iv :1 50 3. 05 98 2v 1 [ he pth ] 2 0 M ar 2 01 5
Relaxation dynamics in an isolated long-range Ising chain

We consider a chain of trapped ions to interact with each other via long-range interactions. This system can be used to simulate the long-range Ising model. We study the dynamics of quantum coherence of a single spin in the chain, where the spins are initially prepared in their upper states. The relaxation dynamics exhibits due to the genuine long-range interaction. The degree of quantum coherence of a single spin rapidly decreases and vanishes in the steady state. However, our numerical result suggests that the conventional spin chain model, which truncates the interactions between the distant spins, cannot show the relaxation dynamics. This implies that the usual truncation in approximating the long-range interaction is not applicable to describing the non-equilibrium dynamics. The effect of the interaction range on the relaxation dynamics is studied. The higher relaxation rate will show if a system has a longer range of interaction. However, it takes a longer relaxation time in the vicinity of infinite interaction range. We also examine the dynamics of quantum coherence of a block of spins. Our result may shed light on the relationship between long-range interaction and the coherence dynamics of a quantum many-body system.
Electromagnetic absorption and Kerr effect in quantum Hall ferromagnetic states of bilayer graphene

In a quantizing magnetic field, the chiral two-dimensional electron gas in Landau level $N=0$ of bilayer graphene goes through a series of phase transitions at integer filling factors $\nu \in \left[ -3,3\right] $ when the strength of an electric field applied perpendicularly to the layers is increased. At filling factor $\nu =3,$ the electron gas can described by a simple two-level system where layer and spin degrees of freedom are frozen. The gas then behaves as an orbital quantum Hall ferromagnet. A Coulomb-induced Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya term in the orbital pseudospin Hamiltonian is responsible for a series of transitions first to a Wigner crystal state and then to a spiral state as the electric field is increased. Both states have a non trivial orbital pseudospin texture. In this work, we study how the phase diagram at $\nu =3$ is modified by an electric field applied in the plane of the layers and then derive several experimental signatures of the uniform and nonuniform states in the phase diagram. In addition to the transport gap, we study the electromagnetic absorption and the Kerr rotation due to the excitations of the orbital pseudospin-wave modes in the broken-symmetry states.
Different Ways of Thinking about Street Networks and Spatial Analysis

Street networks, as one of the oldest infrastructures of transport in the world, play a significant role in modernization, sustainable development, and human daily activities in both ancient and modern times. Although street networks have been well studied in a variety of engineering and scientific disciplines, including for instance transport, geography, urban planning, economics, and even physics, our understanding of street networks in terms of their structure and dynamics remains limited, especially when dealing with such real-world problems as traffic jams, pollution, and human evacuations for disaster management. One goal of this special issue is to promote different ways of thinking about understanding street networks, and of conducting spatial analysis.
Realistic eight-port homodyne detection and covariant phase space observables

We consider the quantum optical eight-port homodyne detection scheme in the case that each of the associated photon detectors is assigned with a different quantum efficiency. We give a mathematically rigorous and strictly quantum mechanical proof of the fact that the measured observable (positive operator measure) in the high-amplitude limit is a smearing of the covariant phase space observable related to the ideal measurement, that is, the measurement performed with fully efficient detectors. The result is proved for an arbitary parameter field. Furthermore, we investigate some properties of the measured observable. In particular, we show that detector inefficiencies do not affect the observable's ability to distinguish between different states.
Trade-off analysis for different Sink locations in DEEC Protocol

Data collected from different sensors in a wireless sensor network is to be send to base station for storage and other utilities such as processing. The data is sent to the base station either as direct or multi-hop propagation based on distance of node to the base station. The location of base station may be inside or outside the sensor field based on the scenario at hand. This paper analyzes trade-off for different locations of base station for various levels of heterogeneity in DEEC protocol. The current work analyzes the standard network parameters such as field dimensions of 100x100 meters, 100 sensor nodes with similar compute ability but different amount of initial energies. On simulation of the network with respect to existing popular literature works, it is found that the placement of the base station at the center of the field lead to optimal utilization of network recourses.
Escarabajos fitófagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae “Pleurosticti”) de los Andes orientales de Colombia (departamentos de Santander, Boyacá y Cundinamarca)

Se presenta una lista comentada de las especies de escarabajos fitófagos presentes en los departamentos de Cundinamarca, Boyacá y Santander, ubicados en la Cordillera Oriental colombiana. Se encontraron 150 especies pertenecientes a 56 géneros. Para la mayoría de las especies se presentan notas sobre su distribución, biología, algunos comentarios taxonómicos y fotografías. Las especies Cyclocephala longa y Pelidnota xanthopyga se registran por primera vez para Colombia, mientras que P. paralella, P. polita, P. prasina y Stenocrates bicarinatus son registros nuevos para los Andes orientales colombianos.
A VLBI Distance and Transverse Velocity for PSR B1913+16

Using the Very Long Baseline Array, we have made astrometric observations of the binary pulsar B1913+16 spanning an 18-month period in 2014–2015. From these observations we make the first determination of the annual geometric parallax of B1913+16, measuring mas (68% confidence interval). The inferred parallax probability distribution differs significantly from a Gaussian. Using our parallax measurement and prior information on the spatial and luminosity distributions of the millisecond pulsar population, we infer a distance of kpc, which is significantly closer than the 9.8 ± 3.1 kpc suggested by the pulsar’s dispersion measure (DM) and analyses of the ionized interstellar medium. While the relatively low significance of the parallax detection (∼3σ) currently precludes an improved test of general relativity using the orbital decay of PSR B1913+16, ongoing observations with improved control of systematic astrometric errors could reach the 10% distance uncertainty required for this goal. The proper motion measured by our Very Long Baseline Interferometry astrometry differs substantially from that obtained by pulsar timing, a discrepancy that has also been found between the proper motion measurements made by interferometers and pulsar timing for some other pulsars, which we speculate is the result of timing noise or DM variations in the timing data set. Our parallax and proper motion measurements yield a transverse velocity of km s−1 in the solar reference frame. Analysis incorporating galactic rotation and solar motion finds that the space velocity of the pulsar relative to its standard of rest has a component km s−1 perpendicular to the galactic plane and components on the order of 100 km s−1 parallel to the galactic plane.
On the Radial Metallicity Gradient and Radial Migration Effect of the Galactic Disk

We study the radial metallicity gradient Δ[M/H]/ΔRg as a function of [Mg/Fe] and with the help of a guiding radius based on the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment and Gaia and then analyze the radial migration effect on the radial metallicity gradient and metallicity-rotation gradient between the Galactic thin and thick disks. The derived trend of gradient Δ[M/H]/ΔRg versus [Mg/Fe] shows a transition at [Mg/Fe] ∼0.18 dex, below which the gradient is negative and varies a little as [Mg/Fe] increases; however, it changes sharply in [Mg/Fe] ranges of 0.16–0.18, above which the gradient increases linearly with increasing [Mg/Fe], being a positive value at [Mg/Fe] ≳ 0.22 dex. These positive gradients in the high-[Mg/Fe] populations are found at kpc, and there are nearly no gradients toward higher . By comparing the metallicity distributions, the radial metallicity gradients Δ[M/H]/ΔR, and the metallicity-rotation gradients between the total sample and subsample (or subsample), we find that, for the thick disk, blurring flattens the gradient Δ[M/H]/ΔR and favors metal-poor high-eccentricity stars. These stars are responsible for the measured positive metallicity-rotation gradient of the thick disk.
Gender differences in pulmonary function, physical activity, and quality of life of patients with COPD based on data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015 to 2019 from the Perspective of Pulmonary Rehabilitation

The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasing worldwide, with the fourth highest mortality rate. This study aims to analyze pulmonary function, physical activity, and quality of life (QoL) between genders from the perspective of pulmonary rehabilitation in Korean patients with COPD. This study investigated raw data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2015 to 2019 and included 151 COPD patients (men: 66.55 ± 10.07 years, women: 65.21 ± 11.73) out of 39,759 participants. Pulmonary function, such as forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and frequency of physical activities (e.g., physical activity for work and leisure, strengthening exercise, and sitting time a day) and QoL by using EQ-5D-3L, were compared between genders in patients with COPD. Smoking status differed in health-related characteristics between genders (P < .001). In pulmonary function, the FVC (men: 3.48 ± 0.98ℓ, women: 2.53 ± 0.56ℓ, P < .05), FEV1 (men: 2.13 ± 0.93 ℓ, women: 1.88 ± 0.53 ℓ, P < .001), FEV6 (men: 3.16 ± 1.00ℓ, women: 2.46 ± 1.56ℓ, P < .001) and peak expiratory flow (men: 5.61 ± 2.44ℓ/s, women: 4.68 ± 1.53ℓ/s, P < .05) was higher in men, however, predicted FEV1 (men: 66.03% ± 23.13%, women: 79.95% ± 18.45%, P < .05) and predicted FEV1/FVC ratio (men: 59.67% ± 15.02%, women: 74.10% ± 10.49%, P < .001) in women. The frequency of strengthening exercise was higher in men (P < .05). QoL of patients with COPD was not significantly different between genders. To provide correct interventions and pulmonary rehabilitation to patients with COPD, gender differences, including physiological and psychological differences, must be considered.
The optical emission nebulae in the vicinity of WR 48 (Θ Mus): true Wolf–Rayet ejecta or unconnected supernova remnant?

During searches for new optical Galactic supernova remnants (SNRs) in the high-resolution, high-sensitivity Anglo-Australian Observatory/United Kingdom Schmidt Telescope Hα survey of the southern Galactic plane, we uncovered a variety of filamentary and more diffuse, extensive nebular structures in the vicinity of Wolf-Rayet (WR) star 48 (O Muscae), only some of which were previously recognized. We used the double-beam spectrograph of the Mount Stromlo and Siding Spring Observatory 2.3-m to obtain low- and mid-resolution spectra of selected new filaments and structures in this region. Despite spectral similarities between the optical spectra of WR star shells and SNRs, a careful assessment of the new spectral and morphological evidence from our deep Hα imagery suggests that the putative shell of O Mus is not a WR shell at all, as has been commonly accepted, but is rather part of a more complex area of large-scale overlapping nebulosities in the general field of the WR star. The emission comprises a possible new optical SNR and a likely series of complex H II regions. Finally, we present the intriguing detection of apparent collimated, directly opposing, ionized outflows close to O Mus itself which appears unique among such stars.
Cosmic shear tomography and efficient data compression using COSEBIs

Context. Gravitational lensing is one of the leading tools in understanding the dark side of the Universe. The need for accurate, efficient and effective methods, which are able to extract this information along with other cosmological parameters from cosmic shear data is ever growing. Complete Orthogonal Sets of E-/B-Integrals (COSEBIs) is a recently developed statistical measure that encompasses the complete E-/B-mode separable information contained in the shear correlation functions measured on a finite angular range. Aims. The aim of the present work is to test the properties of this newly developed statistics for a higher-dimensional parameter space and to generalize and test it for shear tomography. Methods. We use Fisher analysis to study the effectiveness of COSEBIs. We show our results in terms of figure-of-merit quantities, based on Fisher matrices. Results. We find that a relatively small number of COSEBIs modes is always enough to saturate to the maximum information level. This number is always smaller for “logarithmic COSEBIs” than for “linear COSEBIs”, and also depends on the number of redshift bins, the number and choice of cosmological parameters, as well as the survey characteristics. Conclusions. COSEBIs provide a very compact way of analyzing cosmic shear data, i.e., all the E-/B-mode separable second-order statistical information in the data is reduced to a small number of COSEBIs modes. Furthermore, with this method the arbitrariness in data binning is no longer an issue since the COSEBIs modes are discrete. Finally, the small number of modes also implies that covariances, and their inverse, are much more conveniently obtainable, e.g., from numerical simulations, than for the shear correlation functions themselves.
Data Privacy Perception Among Adolescents in a Silicon Valley High School

Social media usage has increased tremendously over the last few decades, thereby becoming a mainstay in the global sphere. This technology is nearly ubiquitous in Silicon Valley, a technological center within the San Francisco Bay Area. In recent years, concerns have been raised over privacy and the extent of data companies collect from their user base. Minimal research has been conducted on adolescents’ privacy perceptions as well as conceptions in the Silicon Valley. Prior studies contend that adolescents may reveal too much personal information online but can also have varying privacy values depending on socioeconomic status. This study investigates the data privacy perceptions of students in a Silicon Valley high school (SVHS) and compares results to two studies, conducted in a different location (Turkish high schools) and with a different age group (US adults). The descriptive research method was used with Google Forms questionnaires distributed to students through email. Questionnaires were based on similar questions from the comparison surveys. Results showed that Internet and social media usage is indeed almost omnipresent among SVHS students. The students are more knowledgeable about privacy protection techniques and at least as concerned about privacy as American adults. SVHS students are also much more private about their personal information in comparison to the Turkish high school students. More research and comparisons in different socioeconomic areas and age levels is needed to determine the reasons behind these trends.