Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterizing the impact of soft errors across microarchitectural structures and implications for predictability

The trends of transistor size and system complexity scaling continue. As a result, soft errors in the system, including the processor core, are predicted to become one of the major reliability challenges. A fraction of soft errors at the device level could become an unmasked error visible to the user. Unmasked soft errors may manifest as a detectable error, which could be recoverable (DRE) or unrecoverable (DUE), or a Silent Data Corruption (SDC). Detecting and recovering from an SDC is especially challenging since an explicit checker is needed to detect erroneous state. Predicting when SDCs are more likely could be valuable in designing resilient systems. To gain insight, we evaluate the Architectural Vulnerability Factor (AVF) of all major in-core memory structures of an out-of-order superscalar processor. In particular, we focus on the vulnerability factors for detectable and unrecoverable errors (DUEAVF) and silent data corruptions (SDCAVF) across windows of execution to study their characteristics, time-varying behavior, and their predictability using a linear regression trained offline. We perform more than 35 million microarchitectural fault injection simulations and, if necessary, run-to-completion using functional simulations to determine AVF, DUEAVF, and SDCAVF. Our study shows that, similar to AVF, DUEAVF and SDCAVF vary over time and across applications. We also find significant differences in DUEAVF and SDCAVF across the processor structures we studied. Furthermore, we find that DUEAVF can be predicted using a linear regression with similar accuracy as AVF estimation. However, SDCAVF could not be predicted with the same level of accuracy. As a remedy, we propose adding a software vulnerability factor, in the form of SDCPVF, to the linear regression model for estimating SDCAVF. We find that SDCPVF of the Architectural Register File explains most of the behavior of SDCAVF for the combined microarchitectural structures studied in this paper. Our evaluation shows that the addition of SDCPVF improves the accuracy by 5.19×, on average, to a level similar to DUEAVF and AVF estimates. We also evaluate the impact of limiting software-layer reliability information to only 5 basic blocks (16× cost reduction, on average), and observe that it increases error only by 18.7%, on average.
Strain Rate and Timing of Stimulation in Mechanical Modulation of Fracture Healing

Fracture of the long bones results in a repair process that has the potential to restore the anatomic morphology and mechanical integrity of the bone without scar tissue. The repair process can occur in two patterns. In the first, under conditions of rigid stabilization, direct osteonal remodeling of the fracture line can occur with little or no external callus, a process known as direct bone repair. The second pattern of repair involves bridging of the fragments with external callus and formation of bone in the fracture site by endochondral healing. This type of repair is known as indirect bone healing and occurs under less rigid interfragmentary stabilization. The rate of healing and the extent of callus in this type of repair can be modulated by the mechanical conditions at the fracture site. Applying cyclic interfragmentary micromotion for short periods has been shown to influence the repair process significantly, and characteristics of this stimulus influence the healing response observed. In the current study, a short term interfragmentary cyclic micromovement applied at a high strain rate induced a greater amount of periosteal callus than the same stimulus applied at a low strain rate. This high strain rate stimulus applied later in the healing period significantly inhibited the progress of healing. The beneficial effect of this particular biophysic stimulus early in the healing period may be related to the viscoelastic nature of the differentiating connective tissues in the early endochondral callus. In the early endochondral callus, high rates of movement induce a greater deformation of the fracture fragments because of the stiffening of the callus. Alternatively, the transduction pathway may involve streaming potentials as a result of the high movement rate.
Patch Size, Pollinator Behavior, and Pollinator Limitation in Catnip.

We examined the effects of the patch size of catnip, Nepeta cataria, on pollinator visitation rates and pollinator limitation. The most important floral visitors were honey bees (Apis mellifera), solitary bees (Halictidae), and bumble bees (Bombus spp.). Our first goal was to see how spatial variation in patch size affected the rate at which individual flowers received pollinator visits (visitation rate). Visitation rate was higher in larger patches for honey bees and bumble bees, but lower for solitary bees. Patch size explained 74-83% of the variation in visitation rate. Intraspecific isolation also had an effect: isolated patches received relatively few visits. Visitation rate depended both on visitor abundance and on the proportion of flowers entered during one visit. All three visitor types wee more abundant in larger patches, i.e., flowers showed mutual attraction of pollinators. Relative to a visit to a small patch, during a visit to a large patch, honey bees visited more flowers but a lower proportion of flowers; solitary bees visited fewer flowers and thus a lower proportion of flowers; and bumble bees visited not only more flowers but a higher proportion of flowers as well. Thus within patches, flowers competed for visits from honey bees and solitary bees but showed facilitation regarding bumble bee visits. Our second goal was to relate patch size and visitation rates to immediate pollinator limitation. Comparisons of the percent of capsules setting seed (fruit set) of open-pollinated, hand-pollinated, and bagged flowers were used to evaluate pollinator limitation. The ranking of fruit set was: hand-pollinated > open-pollinated > bagged. Patch size did not affect fruit set in hand-pollinated or bagged flowers; however, for open-pollinated flowers, fruit set was lower in smaller patches. patch size explained 63% of the variation in pollinator limitation. The effect of patch size comes through its effects on visitation rates. A multiple regression model using visitation rates of the three types of visitors as independent variables explained 67% of the variation in pollinator limitation.
EdMot: An Edge Enhancement Approach for Motif-aware Community Detection

Network community detection is a hot research topic in network analysis. Although many methods have been proposed for community detection, most of them only take into consideration the lower-order structure of the network at the level of individual nodes and edges. Thus, they fail to capture the higher-order characteristics at the level of small dense subgraph patterns, e.g., motifs. Recently, some higher-order methods have been developed but they typically focus on the motif-based hypergraph which is assumed to be a connected graph. However, such assumption cannot be ensured in some real-world networks. In particular, the hypergraph may become fragmented. That is, it may consist of a large number of connected components and isolated nodes, despite the fact that the original network is a connected graph. Therefore, the existing higher-order methods would suffer seriously from the above fragmentation issue, since in these approaches, nodes without connection in hypergraph can't be grouped together even if they belong to the same community. To address the above fragmentation issue, we propose an Edge enhancement approach for Motif-aware community detection (EdMot ). The main idea is as follows. Firstly, a motif-based hypergraph is constructed and the top K largest connected components in the hypergraph are partitioned into modules. Afterwards, the connectivity structure within each module is strengthened by constructing an edge set to derive a clique from each module. Based on the new edge set, the original connectivity structure of the input network is enhanced to generate a rewired network, whereby the motif-based higher-order structure is leveraged and the hypergraph fragmentation issue is well addressed. Finally, the rewired network is partitioned to obtain the higher-order community structure. Extensive experiments have been conducted on eight real-world datasets and the results show the effectiveness of the proposed method in improving the community detection performance of state-of-the-art methods.
Bifunctional Enzyme SpoT Is Involved in Biofilm Formation of Helicobacter pylori with Multidrug Resistance by Upregulating Efflux Pump Hp1174 (gluP)

The drug resistance of Helicobacter pylori is gradually becoming a serious problem. Biofilm formation is an important factor that leads to multidrug resistance (MDR) in bacteria. ABSTRACT The drug resistance of Helicobacter pylori is gradually becoming a serious problem. Biofilm formation is an important factor that leads to multidrug resistance (MDR) in bacteria. The ability of H. pylori to form biofilms on the gastric mucosa is known. However, there are few studies on the regulatory mechanisms of H. pylori biofilm formation and multidrug resistance. Guanosine 3′-diphosphate 5′-triphosphate and guanosine 3′,5′-bispyrophosphate [(p)ppGpp] are global regulatory factors and are synthesized in H. pylori by the bifunctional enzyme SpoT. It has been reported that (p)ppGpp is involved in the biofilm formation and multidrug resistance of various bacteria. In this study, we found that SpoT also plays an important role in H. pylori biofilm formation and multidrug resistance. Therefore, it was necessary to carry out some further studies regarding its regulatory mechanism. Considering that efflux pumps are of great importance in the biofilm formation and multidrug resistance of bacteria, we tried to determine whether efflux pumps controlled by SpoT participate in these activities. We found that Hp1174 (glucose/galactose transporter [gluP]), an efflux pump of the major facilitator superfamily (MFS), is highly expressed in biofilm-forming and multidrug-resistant (MDR) H. pylori strains and is upregulated by SpoT. Through further research, we determined that gluP is involved in H. pylori biofilm formation and multidrug resistance. Furthermore, the average expression level of gluP in the clinical MDR strains (C-MDR) was considerably higher than that in the clinical drug-sensitive strains (C-DSS). Taken together, our results revealed a novel molecular mechanism of H. pylori resistance to multidrug exposure.
Spinner Anemometry: an Innovative Wind Measurement Concept

An innovative and new concept for measurements of wind on a wind turbine has been developed and implemented. The new concept has potentials for improved tools for wind turbine control, and verification of power performance and loads. The present method of measuring wind on wind turbines is by the use of nacelle anemometry, in which wind speed and wind direction are measured with sensors mounted on the upper side of the nacelle. The sensors comprise a cup anemometer and a wind vane or a 2D sonic sensor, and often the sensors are made redundant by mounting two sets side by side. Nacelle anemometry gives input to the control system for yaw and pitch control, and for start up and shut down, as well as for performance verification. Meanwhile, nacelle anemometry is hampered by the fact that it is positioned behind the rotor, and therefore measures wind that is influenced by the wakes of blade roots, the blade root vortices, the flow over the nacelle, and the mounting arrangement for the nacelle anemometry. The new concept measures the wind with the use of the spinner in front of the rotor, and thus eliminates most disadvantages of nacelle anemometry. The principle of the new concept is an integration of the spinner and wind speed sensors into a hybrid wind measurement system. The concept has been tested by development of prototype 1D sonic sensors. These have been mounted on a 300kW spinner configuration on a tripod. The spinner anemometer has been tested both in a large wind tunnel, and in the field. The sensors have then been transferred to a spinner on a 3,6MW wind turbine, and initial measurements have been made during operation of the wind turbine. The wind tunnel tests confirm the concept ideas. Free field comparison to a 3D sonic anemometer seems to give comparable data, and full scale measurements on the 3,6MW wind turbine indicate great potentials for spinner anemometry, including wind turbine control, and verification of power performance and loads.
Epidemics on networks and early stage vaccination

This thesis consists of two articles. 1. Mbare S. , Andersson M. , SvenssonBritton T. (2007): Social networks, epidemics and vaccination through contact tracing, (Manuscript). 2. Mbare S. , Andersson M. , SvenssonBritton T. (2007): Network epidemics and early stage vaccination: the eect of latent and infectious periods and their randomness, (Manuscript) Both articles deal with epidemics on social networks and early stage vaccination, and in particular dierent vaccination strategies in order to prevent a major out- break. The social structure is described by a random graph having pre-specified degree distribution, from which friends of an infectious individual are traced and a given vaccination strategy is implemented after delay. We compare the eectiveness of the strategies and investigate the eects of the randomness of the latent period, infectious period and detection (delay) time in the dynamics of the disease. Branch- ing process approximations of the early stage of the epidemic make it possible to compute the probability of outbreaks.
Towards an understanding of Early Neolithic populations: a flint perspective from Bulgaria

The evidence from the Bulgarian Early Neolithic chipped stone industry reveals coher- ent and diagnostic flint assemblages for the vast Karanovo I and II cultural area, characterized by high quality yellow-honey coloured flint, quite long and regular blades, with (bi)lateral semi-abrupt high retouch and sometimes with rounded or pointed ends, as well as highly (re-)used sickle inserts. These assemblages possess many characteristics of so-called 'formal tools' (as distinct from expedient ones), the production of which required a special raw material, advanced preparation, anticipated use, and transportability. The wide geographical distribution and circulation of this formal toolkit implies that lithics could be conceived as a factor in identity and social cohesion, and as an impor- tant aspect of the Neolithic mentality for 'doing things'. IZVLE∞EK — Bolgarski zgodnjeneolitski zbiri kamnitih orodij ka"ejo koherentno sliko diagnosti›nih tipov, zna›ilnih za kulture Karanovo I in II. Zna›ilna je uporaba visoko kakovostnega kremena ru- meno-medene barve, dolge in pravilne kline z (bi)lateralno polstrmo retu‚o, ob›asno zaobljene ko- nice in preuporabo armature za srpe. Ti zbiri ka"ejo zna›ilnosti 'formalnih orodij' (za razliko od ad hoc orodij); za njihovo proizvodnjo so potrebne posebne surovine, zahtevna priprava, na›rtna uporaba in prenosljivost. Veliko geografsko obmo›je kro"enja teh formalnih orodij ka"e, da lahko kamnita orodja razumemo kot element identitete, dru"bene kohezije in pomemben vidik neolitskega pristopa k 'delanju stvari'.
The History of Oyster Farming in Australia

Aboriginal Australians consumed oysters before settlement by Europeans as shown by the large number of kitchen middens along Australia's coast. Flat oysters, Ostrea angasi, were consumed in southeastern Australia, whereas both flat and Sydney rock oysters, Saccostrea glomerata, are found in kitchen middens in southern New South Wales (NSW), but only Sydney rock oysters are found in northern NSW and southern Queensland. Oyster fisheries began with the exploitation of dredge beds, for the use of oyster shell for lime production and oyster meat for consumption. These natural oyster beds were nealy all exhausted by the late 1800's, and they have not recovered. Oyster farming, one of the oldest aquaculture industries in Australia, began as the oyster fisheries declined in the late 1800's. Early attempts at farming flat oysters in Tasmania, Victoria, and South Australia, which started in the 1880's, were abandoned in the 1890's. However, a thriving Sydney rock oyster industry developed from primitive beginnings in NSW in the 1870's. Sydney rock oysters are farmed in NSW, southern Queensland, and at Albany, Western Australia (WA). Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, are produced in Tasmania, South Australia, and Port Stephens, NSW. FLant oysters currently are farmed only in NSW, and there is also some small-scale harvesting of tropical species, the coarl rock or milky oyster, S. cucullata, and th black-lip oyster, Striostrea mytiloides, in northern Queensland. Despite intra- and interstate rivalries, oyster farmers are gradually realizing that they are all part of one industry, and this is reflected by the establishment of the national Australian Shellfish Quality Assuarance Program and the transfer of farming technology between states. Australia's oyster harvests have remained relatively stable since Sydney rock oyster production peaked in the mid 1970's at 13 million dozen. By the end of the 1990's this had stabilized at around 8 million dozen, and Pacific oyster production reached a total of 6.5 million dozen from Tasmania, South Australia, and Port Stephens, a total of 14.5 million dozen oysters for the whole country. This small increase in production during a time of substantial human population growth shows a smaller per capita consumption and a declining use of oysters as a "side-dish. "
INTEGRAL Observations of Gravitational-Wave Counterparts & Future Perspectives : Searching for GBM Un-Triggered SGRB with

Rodi, James; Bazzano, A. ; Natalucci, L. ; Ubertini, P.; Mereghetti, S. ; Bozzo, E. ; Ferrigno, C. ; Savchenko, V. ; Courvoisier, T. J.-L. ; Kuulkers, E. ; Brandt, S. ; Chenevez, J.; Diehl, R. ; von Kienlin, Andreas; Hanlon, L. ; Martin-Carrillo, A. ; Jourdain, E. ; Roques, J. -P.; Laurent, P. ; Lebrun, F. ; Lutovinov, A. ; Sunyaev, R. Published in: Proceedings of The international GRAvitational-wave Science&amp;technology Symposium (GRASS 2018)
Musculoskeletal disorders and psychosocial factors at work Effects of a participatory ergonomics intervention in a cluster randomized controlled trial

ABSTRACT 7LIST OF ORIGINAL PUBLICATIONS 10ABBREVIATIONS 111. INTRODUCTION 122. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 142.1. Burden of musculoskeletal disorders 142.2. Risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders 162.2. 1. Physical workload 182.2. 2. Psychosocial factors at work 212.2. 3. Health-related lifestyle 222.2. 4. Individual factors 242.3. Ergonomics intervention studies 282.3. 1. Study designs 282.3. 2. Methodological issues 302.3. 3. Challenges encountered in workplace intervention studies 322.3. 4. The participatory approach 332.4. Evidence of the effectiveness of ergonomics interventions in preventingmusculoskeletal disorders 352.4. 1. Overview 352.4. 2. Behavioural and physical interventions 362.4. 3. Organizational interventions 372.4. 4. Participatory ergonomics interventions 382.5. Kitchen work as a target of an ergonomics intervention 503. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY 524. AIMS OF THE STUDY 54
Toward Defining and Improving Quality in Adult Basic Education: Issues and Challenges. Rutgers Invitational Symposium on Education Series.

Contents: Preface. Part I: Accountability, Standards, and the Use of Documentation and Research. A. Belzer, Introduction: Why Quality? Why Now? L. Condelli, Accountability and Program Quality: The Third Wave. S.G. Stein, Equipped for the Future and Standards-Based Educational Improvement: Achieving Results That Matter for Adult Learners. D. Greenberg, Tales From the Field: Struggles and Challenges of Conducting Ethical and Quality Research in the Field of Adult Literacy. M.B. Bingman, C. Smith, Professional Development and Evidence-Based Practice in Adult Education. Part II: Program Structures and Instruction. H. Beder, Quality Introduction in Adult Literacy Education. A. Belzer, Volunteer One-to-One Tutoring: Critical Factors in Providing Quality Instruction. J.P. Comings, S. Cuban, Supporting Persistence of Adult Basic Education Students. J.P. Gee, Learning to Read as a Cultural Process. M.K. Gillespie, The Forgotten R: Why Adult Educators Should Care About Writing Instruction. M.J. Schmitt, M. Merson, The EMPower Project: Connecting Curriculum Development and Research. Part III: Rethinking Our Assumptions and Concepts. E. Hayes, Reconceptualizing Adult Basic Education and the Digital Divide. H.S. Wrigley, Beyond the Life Boat: Improving Language, Citizenship, and Training Services for Immigrants and Refugees. E.N. Askov, C. Kassab, E.L. Grinder, L.M. Semali, D. Weirauch, E.L. Saenz, B. Van Horn, Filling in the "Black Box" of Family Literacy: Implications of Research for Practice and Policy. S. Reder, Giving Literacy Away, Again: New Concepts of Promising Practice. V.L. Gadsden, The Adult Learner in Adult and Family Literacy: Gender and Its Intersection With Role and Context. G.A. Hull, M. Jury, J. Zacher, Possible Selves: Literacy, Identity, and Development in Work, School, and Community.
Applied life data analysis

Preface to the Paperback Edition. Preface. About the Author. 1. Overview and Background. 2. Basic Concepts and Distributions for Product Life. 3. Probability Plotting of Complete and Singly Censored Data. 4. Graphical Analysis of Multiply Censored Data. 5. Series Systems and Competing Risks. 6. Analysis of Complete Data. 7. Linear Methods for Singly Censored Data. 8. Maximum Likelihood Analysis of Multiply Censored Data. 9. Analyses of Inspection Data (Qualtal--Response and Interval Data). 10. Comparisons (Hypothesis Tests) For Complete Data. 11. Comparisons with Linear Estimators (Singly Censored and Complete Data). 12. Maximum Likelihood Comparisons (Multiply Censored and Other Data). 13. Survey of Other Topics. Appendix A. Tables. References. Index.