Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seasonal cycle of idealized polar clouds: large eddy

17 The uncertainty in polar cloud feedbacks calls for process understanding of the cloud re18 sponse to climate warming. As an initial step toward improved process understanding, 19 we investigate the seasonal cycle of polar clouds in the current climate by adopting a novel 20 modeling framework using large eddy simulations (LES), which explicitly resolve cloud 21 dynamics. Resolved horizontal and vertical advection of heat and moisture from an ide22 alized general circulation model (GCM) are prescribed as forcing in the LES. The LES 23 are also forced with prescribed sea ice thickness, but surface temperature, atmospheric 24 temperature, and moisture evolve freely without nudging. A semigray radiative trans25 fer scheme without water vapor and cloud feedbacks allows the GCM and LES to achieve 26 closed energy budgets more easily than would be possible with more complex schemes. 27 This enables the mean states in the two models to be consistently compared, without 28 the added complications from interaction with more comprehensive radiation. We show 29 that the LES closely follow the GCM seasonal cycle, and the seasonal cycle of low-level 30 clouds in the LES resembles observations: maximum cloud liquid occurs in late summer 31 and early autumn, and winter clouds are dominated by ice in the upper troposphere. Large32 scale advection of moisture provides the main source of water vapor for the liquid-containing 33 clouds in summer, while a temperature advection peak in winter makes the atmosphere 34 relatively dry and reduces cloud condensate. The framework we develop and employ can 35 be used broadly for studying cloud processes and the response of polar clouds to climate 36 warming. 37 Plain Language Summary 38 The polar regions are changing rapidly. Clouds and their feedbacks remain uncer39 tain due to small-scale unresolved processes in climate models, which contribute to un40 certainties in polar climate projection. In order to understand the mechanisms that con41 trol polar clouds, we focus on their seasonal cycle in the current climate. We adopt an 42 idealized framework for driving high-resolution simulations by a global climate model. 43 With minimal components represented, we find similar features between the simulated 44 and observed polar clouds. In particular, liquid-containing clouds reach maximum in sum45 mer, which coincides with the summer peak in moisture advection from lower latitudes. 46 Therefore, projection of polar clouds will depend on future changes in heat and mois47 ture advection. This framework will allow us to study the response of polar clouds to 48 climate warming. 49
Relationships Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and psychological resilience and Cognitive Emotional Behavioral Regulation in College Students

This study aimed to determine the eﬀects of adverse childhood experiences and childhood experiences on adolescents’ psychological resilience and Cognitive Emotional Behavioral regulation. Four hundred thirty-three(n:433) students (18-21 years old) attending a Vocational School of a University in Turkey completed online questionnaires using the Childhood Experiences Scale, the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Scale, the Adult Resilience Scale, and the Negative Childhood Experiences Scale-Turkish version. In the study, it is seen that the psychological resilience of adolescents diﬀers according to age. No signiﬁcant diﬀerence was found between men and women in the study. When cognitive-emotional regulation strategies are examined, it is seen that 18-year-old adolescents are more likely to blame-others than 19-and 20-year-old adolescents. Although there were no diﬀerences in psychological resilience in the study, diﬀerences were obtained between women and adolescents regarding cognitive and emotional regulation. It was found that female adolescents used the strategies of “self-blame, blame-others, rumination, catastrophizing, and positive refocusing,” which are among the Cognitive Emotional Regulation Strategies more than male adolescents. It has been determined that male adolescents use ” Putting into perspective ” more. As a result of regression analysis, diﬀerences in childhood experiences and psychological resistance were obtained according to age. The psychological resistance of 20 -year -old adolescents with a high score of submissiveness, threat, and unvalued was found to be high. In our study, a positive relationship was observed between rumination and adolescents who had an experience of being unvalued and submissive from their childhood experiences. In contrast, those who had less adverse childhood experiences used rumination more.
University of Birmingham Independent sets of a given size and structure in the hypercube

We determine the asymptotics of the number of independent sets of size ⌊ β 2 d − 1 ⌋ in the discrete hypercube Q d = { 0 , 1 } d for any ﬁxed β ∈ [0 , 1] as d → ∞ , extending a result of Galvin for β ∈ [1 − 1 / √ 2 , 1]. Moreover, we prove a multivariate local central limit theorem for structural features of independent sets in Q d drawn according to the hard core model at any ﬁxed fugacity λ > 0. In proving these results we develop several general tools for performing combinatorial enumeration using polymer models and the cluster expansion from statistical physics along with local central limit theorems.
Mutational selection: fragile sites, replicative stress, and genome evolution

New mutations compete in the germline with their unmutated progenitors. Successful genes accumulate functions that are easily broken by small mutational changes, thus placing their own mutants at a selective disadvantage. Their germline phenotypes evolve to be fragile rather than robust to the effects of mutation. Genetic recombination, by contrast, favors robust interactions among parts that must maintain function in many different combinations. Fragile epistatic dependencies are predicted among closely-linked sites with more robust interactions predicted among sites that recombine freely on the time-scale of mutation. Genes can compete for dominance with alternative alleles subjecting the ‘dominant’ allele to mutational selection but protecting the ‘recessive’ allele from such selection. Genes that function in DNA replication and repair are predicted to evolve features that challenge their own abilities because these challenges place their own loss-of-competence mutations at a selective disadvantage. This process may help to explain the evolution of fragile sites that test the competence of the machinery of replication and repair.
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON FUNCTIONAL AND RADIOLOGICAL OUTCOME OF LATERAL END OF CLAVICLE FRACTURES TREATED BY HOOK PLATE

Background: Clavicle fractures are common, constituting 2.6-4% of adult fractures and 35% of shoulder girdle injuries. Lateral clavicle fractures account for 12-15% of all clavicle fractures and are often caused by direct force during athletic activities, affecting younger males. Distal clavicle fractures are often surgically treated due to instability and non-union risk. The study is aimed at evaluation of the functional and radiological results of clavicle fractures at the lateral end that were treated with hook plates. Materials and Methods: The 15 instances of lateral end clavicle fractures admitted to Govt Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College and Hospital, Salem, Tamilnadu, India between October 2020 and March 2022 are the subject of this prospective research. Patients were classified according to NEER'S categorisation. Patients with neurovascular damage were not included in this investigation. Through direct or indirect approaches, instances were reduced with open reduction, and hook plate fixation was completed. The result was evaluated using the DASH score and the Constant Murley score. Result: The average age of the participants was 40.26 years, and most men had a left-sided inclination. RTA was identified as a frequent cause. NEER'S type II fractures predominate. The average time from injury to operation is 5.66 days. The surgery lasts, on average, 63 minutes. The typical length of a union is 15 weeks. Conclusion: Clavicle hook plate fixation yields a high percentage of union with a good objective and
Spinal Cord Hypertrophy of Ligaments Supporting the Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy:

Summary: We describe characteristic spinal MR findings of two cases of familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP). Both cases showed leptomeningeal enhancement on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image. In addition, three-dimensional constructive interference in steady-state imaging demonstrated thickening of the ligaments, other connective tissues within the spinal canal, dura matter, and dorsal nerve roots. These findings in FAP are felt to represent amyloid deposition.
Review On Visual Cues-Based Methods For Driver Fatigue Detection

: Fatigue is a widespread issue that causes cognitive and physical performance impairment and poses risks in various areas of the transportation industry. Visual cues provide valuable information for fatigue detection and monitoring due to their non-intrusive nature and the ability to capture small changes in a person’s appearance and behavior. Visual cues-based fatigue detection methods are approaches that use various visual indicators to detect and assess fatigue in an individual. Various methods for using visual cues to detect fatigue in an individual have been developed using technologies such as computer vision and machine learning algorithms. This paper discusses state-of-the-art driver fatigue detection using visual cues-based methods, how these methods can be used to address an important road safety issue, and how they can transform the way driver alertness is monitored, thus avoiding accidents caused by fatigue.
An Overview of Hard Ferrites: Types and Structures

In 1950s, after the discovery of hexagonal ferrites called as hexaferrites, there has been an increasing level of curiosity in hexaferrites and still, it is increasing exponentially. Commercially and technologically, hexaferrites belong to a category of important magnetic materials due to their utilization in various applications such as permanent magnets, recording media, storage devices, rod antennas, high frequency devices, microwave devices etc. There are six types of hexagonal ferrites as M-type, Z-type, Y-type, X-type, U-type and W-type respectively, out of which, the most worldwide manufactured hexagonal ferrite is Barium M-type hexagonal ferrite named as BaM [1]. All categories of hexaferrites shows ferrimagnetic behaviour as their magnetic nature is inherently related to their crystal structure. The current chapter focuses on the classification and structure
ANOMALY DETECTION USING VGG 16 ARCHITECTURE

There has been a recent uptick in the installation of high-tech video surveillance equipment in public areas. One of the primary uses for gathered video features is safety monitoring, made possible by the implementation of deep learning and machine learning techniques. In this work, our primary focus is on anomaly detection in situations with a large number of people, both indoors and outdoors. In this study, we describe the VGG 16 architecture for the detection of abnormalities occurring in surveillance cameras using classifiers. The VGG 16 architecture was implemented with state-of-the-art classifiers like random forest, J48, decision tree, and SVM. Experiments revealed that the suggested model of using VGG 16 has a relatively low computational burden while still producing satisfactory results, with an accuracy of 80.86% for the random forest classifier.
A STUDY ON THE INFLUENCING FACTORS OF CONSUMERS' WILLINGNESS TO BUY LARGE MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS ONLINE

Along with the fast development of the Internet and the continuous improvement of e-commerce platforms, Chinese consumption has dramatically changed. Online shopping is gaining wider popularity among consumers. In recent years, as the upstream and downstream industries relevant to e-commerce continue to develop, the types of online shopping have once again been widened. Large musical instruments such as pianos and guitars are also sold on e-commerce platforms. Their market share is gradually expanded by under more reasonable and transparent prices and lower logistics costs. Compared with the fast-growing market scale, we have few theoretical literatures concerning online shopping. At present, most of the study mainly focuses on the development of information technology and customer behaviors on the whole platform, and slightly ignores specific theoretical research on the art industry. Based on previous information systems theory, seven hypotheses about the behavior willingness for musical instruments online were put forward. A reasonable structural equation model is constructed; an empirical analysis on the collected valid 364 data is carried out; and six hypotheses are tested by analyzing the relation between path coefficient and variables. Moreover, perceived trust and perceived risk are two independent variables in the same dimension. The hypothesis that the result was not accepted is elaborated, and management and marketing suggestions are provided for managers of the online shopping platform.
Prefrontal control of visual distraction

Avoiding distraction by salient irrelevant stimuli is critical to accomplishing daily tasks. Regions of prefrontal cortex control attention by enhancing the representation of task-relevant information in sensory cortex, which can be measured directly in modulation of both single neurons and averaging of the scalp-recorded electroencephalogram [1,2]. However, when irrelevant information is particularly conspicuous, it may distract attention and interfere with the selection of behaviorally relevant information. Many studies have shown that that distraction can be minimized via top-down control [3–5], but the cognitive and neural mechanisms giving rise to this control over distraction remain uncertain and vigorously debated [6–8]. Bridging neurophysiology to electrophysiology, we simultaneously recorded neurons in prefrontal cortex and event-related potentials (ERPs) over extrastriate visual cortex to track the processing of salient distractors during a visual search task. Critically, we observed robust suppression of salient distractor representations in both cortical areas, with suppression arising in prefrontal cortex before being manifest in the ERP signal over extrastriate cortex. Furthermore, only prefrontal neurons that participated in selecting the task-relevant target also showed suppression of the task-irrelevant distractor. This suggests a common prefrontal mechanism for target selection and distractor suppression, with input from prefrontal cortex being responsible for both selecting task-relevant and suppressing task-irrelevant information in sensory cortex. Taken together, our results resolve a long-standing debate over the mechanisms that prevent distraction, and provide the first evidence directly linking suppressed neural firing in prefrontal cortex with surface ERP measures of distractor suppression.
Comparing English Premier League Goalkeepers: Identifying the Pitch Actions that Differentiate the Best from the Rest

The Opta Index is a prestigious performance measure used to assess English Premier League (EPL) football players. Although the Opta model is proprietary, the general structure uses a multiattribute collection of subjectively weighted pitch measures that either rewards or penalizes a player with a potential range of points based on the quality of his game performance. In addition, the specific set of measures used depends upon player position: forwards, midfielders, defenders, and goalkeepers each have their own unique set of measures even though there might be some overlap. Although the player's Opta Index is calculated for each game, it is the cumulative "grade card"the final Opta Index calculated at the end of the thirty-eight game EPL season in Maythat is of particular importance. The index, along with the large array of player pitch data, is commercially distributed to the EPL clubs and appears in a wide variety of television and print media outlets. This paper proposes an alternative to using the full set of Opta data by identifying those specific pitch actions that form a statistically significant retrodictive linear regression model for the 2007-2008 EPL season. Additionally, the importance of evaluating pitch actions historically assumed to be clearly pertinent measuressuch as goals allowed per game for the goalkeeperwill be not only be appraised from a statistical viewpoint, but also from a practical perspective.
3D MODELLING BY MEANS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

For years humanity has developed some solid perception of the world around them. According to this perception, it is easy to describe complex structures through a short explanation. For example, by telling a person to “think of a yellow submarine, flying in the sky”, the person in question would have an exact image of the machine you are talking about, without having seen it ever before. Along with this - artificial intelligence becomes a rapidly growing area of research, and it is possible that artificial intelligence will make it possible for computers to gain perception of the world. Artificial intelligence can be used to solve problems without the need to specify how to solve the settled task. This paper outlines features of 2D images recognition and the creation of 3D models, using AI and machine learning accordingly. Therefore, it would make designers work much easier, - graphic designers and architects would be able to only specific features instead of spending a lot of time on the actual drawing. Moreover, if models were computationally generated, the developing process would become much more simple and could result in a higher developer’s performance rate. The key purpose of this work is to define the possible limitations of CNN usage for 3D models generation, taking into account output resolution and generation swiftness
Comparison Stock Price Prediction between Arima, Multiple Linear Regression and Lstm Models by Adding Stock Sentiment Analysis and Usd/idr Fluctuation

Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of new investors entering the Indonesia capital market has significantly increased. Director of Index Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG) said the pandemic COVID-19 also brought several new achievements in the capital market, including in terms of the number of investors, market capitalization, to volume, frequency, and investment value. Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) is a model that is commonly used to predict the movement of a stock. However, there are also some limitations of ARIMA, ARIMA model can no longer accommodate when there is a sharp spike or drops in prices and if ARIMA model used for a long time, the forecast results will be constant. This research was conduct on FREN's stock price which recently has a high trend and the price is strongly influenced by public sentiment. In this study, researchers will compare the Multiple Linear Regression, LSTM model using proposed model with ARIMA to give new insight from business side and stock investors to give a better decisions in stock investment strategies. The results show that ARIMA which predicts stock movements based on historical data alone cannot predict FREN stocks when there is a sharp spikes of stock prices. © 2022 Little Lion Scientific.
TRANSFER LEARNING WITH VGG16 AND INCEPTIONV3 MODEL FOR CLASSIFICATION OF POTATO LEAF DISEASE

Early diagnosis of plant diseases carried out by experts in laboratory tests is often not applicable for fast and inexpensive implementation. Using deep learning, leaf images are used as data input. Training deep learning models require large, hard-to-come datasets to perform the task to achieve optimal results. In this study, the PlantVillage dataset was used totaling 2700 training data and 300 validation data. Data were trained using 100 epoch iterations using the transfer learning method with the VGG16 and InceptionV3 models. At the top layer of both models, the same MLP is applied to several parameters, namely the size of FC and the dropout rate to compare the model's performance. Based on testing using 150 IVEGRI data, the VGG16 model can generalize data better than InceptionV3. VGG16 by tuning block-3 using parameters 4096x2 and Dropout 0.4 shows the best performance with an average score of 1 precision, an average recall of 1, an average f1-score of 1, and 100% accuracy. Then, with the same parameters, the Inception-v3 model with tuning in the mixed6 inception module shows the best performance with an average score of 0.93 precision, an average recall of 0.92, an average f1-score of 0.92, and an average accuracy of 92%.
Hierarchical decision-making mechanism of perioperative restricted red blood cell infusion based on cerebral regional oxygen saturation

Background/Objective(cid:0) We aimed to establish a hierarchical decision-making mechanism for perioperative restricted red blood cell transfusion based on cerebral regional oxygen saturation (rSO2), and evaluate its role in blood transfusion management in elderly patients undergoing total knee replacement (THR) or total hip replacement (TKA). Methods: Eighty elderly patients with perioperative hemoglobin (Hb) in the range of 70 g/L to 100 g/L were divided into study group (improved restrictive transfusion group) and control group ("peri-operative transfusion trigger score (POTTS)" group) by random number table method. The person number of blood transfusion, the average volume of red blood cells transfused, rSO2 and Hb levels of all patients, and the number of patients with postoperative delirium (POD) were recorded. Results: The person number of blood transfusion and the average volume of red blood cells transfused in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). From the �rst day to the seventh day after surgery, the Hb level in the study group was signi�cantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). On the second and third day after surgery, rSO2 in the study group was signi�cantly higher than that in the control group, and POD incidence was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Correlation analysis of rSO2 and Hb
Scent detection dogs as a novel method for oestrus detection in an endangered species, the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii)

Captive breeding is a critical tool for conservation of endangered species. Identifying the correct time to pair males and females can be a major challenge for captive breeding programmes, with current methods often being invasive or slow. Detection dogs may provide a non-invasive way to determine female receptivity, but this has not been explored in captive wildlife. This exploratory study investigated the use of detection dogs as a novel method of oestrus detection in the endangered Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii). Faecal samples were collected from 11 captive female devils during the breeding seasons of 2020 and 2021. Three dogs with prior detection experience were trained and subsequently assessed (n = 188 searches per dog), on their ability to discriminate between oestrus and non-oestrus devil faecal samples, in a one sample set-up. When assessed on training samples, dogs were able to correctly discriminate oestrus from non-oestrus with a mean sensitivity of 69.1% and mean specificity of 65.7%. When assessed on novel samples, their sensitivity to oestrus dropped (mean sensitivity of 48.6%). However, they were still able to correctly identify non-oestrus samples (mean specificity of 68.1%). This study is the first to explore detection dogs’ ability to identify oestrus in a captive breeding programme for endangered wildlife, providing a promising tool for non-invasive monitoring of reproductive status in wildlife.