Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tissue Regeneration using Nano Particles

Introduction: Tissue engineering is very fast growing scientific area in this era which is used to create, repair or replace cells, tissues and organs by using cell or combination of cells with biomaterials or biologically active molecules and it helps to produce materials which very much resembles to body's native tissues. From tissue engineering current therapies got revolutionised and life quality of several million patients got improved. Tissue engineering is the connecting discipline between engineering material science, medicine and biology (1). In typical tissue engineering cells are seeded on bio mimicked scaffold providing adhesive surfaces, then cells deposits on their own protein to make them more bio compatible, but unable to vascularise properly, lack of functional cells, low mechanical strength of engineered cells, host's immune incompatibility and nutrient limitation are the classical issues in the field of tissue and tissue engineering (2). Novel bio mimetic Scaffold and Modern technology been developed for more accuracy on positioning viability, complexity, interaction etc. using micro and Nano technology for production and analytical control through tools(3). Micro and Nano technology are providing simple substrate for adhesion, proliferation, active agents for their growth. Nano fabrication techniques, material sciences, surface, micro and nano patterning in tissue engineering helps in providing best micro environment where cells grows(4).
EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS IN INDIA AFTER THE MERGERS IN APRIL 2020 A DEA APPROACH

The study is a novel idea aimed at evaluating the quarterly performance of public sector banks in India in the last year (FY 2020-21). There has been a major revamp of the public sector banks in the country in the last year, after the central government has announced the merger of ten (10) nationalized banks in the country, which has come into effect from April 1 2020. This has resulted in monitoring closely the performance of the banks at regular intervals for taking any necessary measures for betterment in their efficiency levels. Evaluating and assessing the efficiency will help banks to recognize the areas of inefficiency and frame appropriate strategies to increase its position in the market. The present study focuses on the analysis of the quarterly efficiencies of all the 12 public sector banks in India for the most recent three-quarters of FY 2020-21 using the nonparametric performance evaluation technique of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The total population of 12 public sector banks was taken for the study. The contribution is a novel thatch demonstrates that an efficiently performing bank may not always remain efficient and vice versa and management has to continuously monitor the performance. The study also recommends target input levels for underperforming banks to become efficient. The input slacks give direction for bank management to identify the areas of optimization viz. minimisation of inputs for efficient performance. Index Terms Performance evaluation, efficiency, benchmarking bank, DEA, Slack Variables.
Process Independence Testing in Proximal Graphical Event Models

Datasets involving irregular occurrences of different types of events over the timeline are increasingly commonly available. Proximal graphical event models (PGEMs) are a recent graphical representation for modeling relationships between different event types in such datasets. Existing algorithms for learning PGEMs from event datasets perform poorly on the task of structure discovery, which is particularly important for causal inference since the underlying graph determines the effect of interventions. In this paper, we explore causal semantics in PGEMs and study process independencies implied by the graphical structure of the model. We introduce (conditional) process independence tests for causal PGEMs, deploying them using variations of constraint-based structure discovery algorithms for Bayesian networks. Through experiments with synthetic and real datasets, we show that the proposed approaches are better at balancing precision and recall, demonstrating improved F1 scores over state-of-the-art baselines.
Gate-induced band-to-band tunneling leakage current in LDD MOSFETs

Theoretical and experimental studies are presented to model the gate-induced drain leakage(GIDL) current due to band-to-band tunneling, which is one of the major leakage components in off-state MOSFETs. The model shows a good agreement with the experimental data for more than 7 decades of current magnitudes. Therefore the impact of this tunneling leakage current can be correctly evaluated. Based on this model, the impact of GIDL on low off-state leakage drain engineering and on oxide scaling is investigated. <<ETX>>
Memory-efficient Segmentation of High-resolution Volumetric MicroCT Images

In recent years, 3D convolutional neural networks have become the dominant approach for volumetric medical image segmentation. However, compared to their 2D counterparts, 3D networks introduce substantially more training parameters and higher requirement for the GPU memory. This has become a major limiting factor for designing and training 3D networks for high-resolution volumetric images. In this work, we propose a novel memory-efficient network architecture for 3D high-resolution image segmentation. The network incorporates both global and local features via a two-stage U-net-based cascaded framework and at the first stage, a memory-efficient U-net (meU-net) is developed. The features learnt at the two stages are connected via post-concatenation, which further improves the information flow. The proposed segmentation method is evaluated on an ultra high-resolution microCT dataset with typically 250 million voxels per volume. Experiments show that it outperforms state-of-the-art 3D segmentation methods in terms of both segmentation accuracy and memory efficiency.
Topological Experience Replay

State-of-the-art deep Q-learning methods update Q-values using state transition tuples sampled from the experience replay buffer. This strategy often uniformly and randomly samples or prioritizes data sampling based on measures such as the temporal difference (TD) error. Such sampling strategies can be inefficient at learning Q-function because a state's Q-value depends on the Q-value of successor states. If the data sampling strategy ignores the precision of the Q-value estimate of the next state, it can lead to useless and often incorrect updates to the Q-values. To mitigate this issue, we organize the agent's experience into a graph that explicitly tracks the dependency between Q-values of states. Each edge in the graph represents a transition between two states by executing a single action. We perform value backups via a breadth-first search starting from that expands vertices in the graph starting from the set of terminal states and successively moving backward. We empirically show that our method is substantially more data-efficient than several baselines on a diverse range of goal-reaching tasks. Notably, the proposed method also outperforms baselines that consume more batches of training experience and operates from high-dimensional observational data such as images.
AYURVEDIC PERSPECTIVE OF EPIGENETICS IN PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT: A CRITICAL REVIEW

It is the need of the hour to establish the role of Ayurveda in antenatal care, which is under national rural health programs. Human evolvement throughout the conception to adulthood is conjoined association, shaped within cells, of nature [the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) we inherit] and nurture (the comprehensive nutritional, social, and physical environment). The augmenting field of epigenetic has perception that environment and individual lifestyle can directly interact with genome to influence epigenetic transformation. Ayurveda sighted the urge for the physical, mental, and spiritual anticipation of the mother to be for the momentous event of childbirth and emphasis has been given on care of mother during antenatal period. Developing living being seems to have a wide range of perceptivity to epigenetic modulation. Befitting drift in epigenetic modifications is essential for embryogenesis, early foetal development, and early postnatal growth. Thereupon, the inappropriate endowment of epigenetic changes during critical developmental periods as a result of changes in maternal diet and other environmental components may induce paediatric developmental diseases and even influence health in adulthood. Garbha Samskara as explained in classical texts of Ayurveda involves the combination of Garbhadhan samskara (preparation of to be mother and father prior 3 months of conception), Pumsvana Samskara and Garbhini Paricharya (planned program of observation, education, lifestyle modification, nutritional and medical management of pregnant lady). By adopting the custom of Garbha Samskara, antenatal care along with epigenetic programming can be done in order to have a healthy progeny. Garbha Samskara may be considered as Ayurveda antenatal care and a novel preventive measure in the context of adverse epigenetic changes.
Source localization via time difference of arrival

SOURCE LOCALIZATION VIA TIME DIFFERENCE OF ARRIVAL by Ciprian Romeo Comsa Accurate localization of a signal source, based on the signals collected by a number of receiving sensors deployed in the source surrounding area is a problem of interest in various fields. This dissertation aims at exploring different techniques to improve the localization accuracy of non-cooperative sources, i.e., sources for which the specific transmitted symbols and the time of the transmitted signal are unknown to the receiving sensors. With the localization of non-cooperative sources, time difference of arrival (TDOA) of the signals received at pairs of sensors is typically employed. A two-stage localization method in multipath environments is proposed. During the first stage, TDOA of the signals received at pairs of sensors is estimated. In the second stage, the actual location is computed from the TDOA estimates. This later stage is referred to as hyperbolic localization and it generally involves a non-convex optimization. For the first stage, a TDOA estimation method that exploits the sparsity of multipath channels is proposed. This is formulated as an l1-regularization problem, where the l1-norm is used as channel sparsity constraint. For the second stage, three methods are proposed to offer high accuracy at different computational costs. The first method takes a semi-definite relaxation (SDR) approach to relax the hyperbolic localization to a convex optimization. The second method follows a linearized formulation of the problem and seeks a biased estimate of improved accuracy. A third method is proposed to exploit the source sparsity. With this, the hyperbolic localization is formulated as an an l1-
Performance analysis of handoff algorithm using relative RSS measurements and random direction-lock in GSM-R

It's evaluated in GSM-R that the proposed handoff algorithm using relative RSS measurements and random direction-lock. Due to the single layer and linear cell deployment in GSM-R, the target cell of the call produced by the train driver is usually definite along the railway trajectory. So, the handoff, whose direction is consistent with the train's running direction, occurs only if the relative RSS (Received Signal Strength) measurement exceeds the pre-defined hysteresis; but, the handoff, whose direction is inconsistent with the train's running direction, occurs when not only the relative RSS measurement exceeds the pre-defined hysteresis, but also the random direction-lock is open. Finally, it's found that the proposed handoff algorithm could reduce the average number of handoffs about 25%, compared with the conventional handoff algorithm with a sole hysteresis.
Relationship between Playing Violent Video Games and Aggression

The present study was aimed at finding out the prevalence of aggression among youth playing violent video games. For this purpose, students interested in participating in the study were approached. Buss Perry Aggression Questionnaire was administered on a sample of 40 students (20 players and 20 non-players), belonging to the age group of 15-20 years. Descriptive statistics and t-test were calculated for the two groups and analysed. No significant difference in the scores of aggression was found between the players and non-players group. Contrary to popular belief, results suggested that there is no correlation between playing violent video games and aggression among youth.
Use of a temperature function integration technique to asses the maintenance of control over an offal cooling process

Over 6 months period, temperature histories were routinely collected by staff at a beef packing plant from boxes of heart and livers passing through an offal cooling process. The time of logger placement, the position of the monitored box within a product stack and the position of the stack within the freezer were recorded for each temperature history was integrated with respect to a model describing the dependency on temperature of the anaerobic growth of Escherichia coli. The E. coli proliferation values were not significantly effected by the times of logger placement, the in-stack positions of monitored boxes or the freezer location of monitored stacks. The routinely, non-randomly collected in a previous assessment of the process. Simple control charts indicated the maintenance of control over the process. Temperature function integration data can apparently be applied in commercial circumstances for the control of meat cooling processes, as part a Hazard Analaysis: Critical Control Point (HACCP) System
Active load path adaption in a simple kinematic load-bearing structure due to stiffness change in the structure's supports

Load-bearing structures with kinematic functions enable and disable degrees of freedom and are part of many mechanical engineering applications. The relative movement between a wheel and the body of a car or a landing gear and an aircraft fuselage are examples for load-bearing systems with defined kinematics. In most cases, the load is transmitted through a predetermined load path to the structural support interfaces. However, unexpected load peaks or varying health condition of the system's supports, which means for example varying damping and stiffness characteristics, may require an active adjustment of the load path. However, load paths transmitted through damaged or weakened supports can be the reason for reduced comfort or even failure. In this paper a simplified 2D two mass oscillator with two supports is used to numerically investigate the potential of controlled adaptive auxiliary kinematic guidance elements in a load-bearing structure to adapt the load path depending on the stiffness change, representing damage of the supports. The aim is to provide additional forces in the auxiliary kinematic guidance elements for two reasons. On the one hand, one of the two supports that may become weaker through stiffness change will be relieved from higher loading. On the other hand, tilting due to different compliance in the supports will be minimized. Therefore, shifting load between the supports during operation could be an effective option.
Knowledge in Motion: How Procedural Control of Knowledge Usage entails Selectivity and Bias

The use and acquisition of knowledge appears to be influenced by what humans pay attention to. Thus, looking at attention will tell us something about the mechanisms involved in knowledge (usage). According to the present review, attention reflects selectivity in information processing and it is not necessarily also reflected in a user’s consciousness, as it is rooted in skill memory or other implicit procedural memory forms–that is, attention is rooted in the necessity of human control of mental operations and actions. The main assumption is that what is true of processing in general is also true of knowledge: Its usage cannot be understood, unless we have the means to study all mechanisms involved, including knowledge hidden from direct introspection and knowledge that participants are not willing to share with interrogators. Reviewing work done in this context, I argue that experimental research on selectivity and bias in human information processing is a promising road to learn about the principles governing knowledge (usage) and to reflect upon them.
'Call' Centres to 'Contact' Centres: Shifting Paradigms of Customer Service Systems and Research

This paper explores and compares the existing paradigm of 'call centres' as simplistic service functions underpinned by Taylorism with, the emer-gence of 'contact centres' as complex customer service systems. Such emergence has been briefly highlighted in the literature however, with little attention to the additional complexity and challenges on service design and delivery as a result of this shift. Through examination of literature and in-depth conversations with practitioners, the research has found that there is a further scope of exploration of contact centres beyond service delivery channels. Organisations have to re-consider service design and its implications on service management through fresh perspectives.
Development and precision position/force control of a new flexure-based microgripper

This paper presents the design, modeling and position/force control of a new piezo-driven microgripper with integrated position and force sensors. The structural design of the microgripper is based on double amplification mechanisms employing the bridge-type mechanism and the parallelogram mechanism. The microgripper can generate a large gripping range and pure translation of the gripping arm. Through the pseudorigid-body-model method, theoretical models are derived. By means of several finite-element analysis simulations, the optimal structural parameters for the microgripper are acquired and the theoretical models are analyzed and validated. Furthermore, to improve the performance of the microgripper, a new hybrid position/force control scheme employing a nonlinear fuzzy logic controller combined with an incremental proportional-integral controller is presented. The control scheme is capable of regulating the position and the gripping force of the microgripper simultaneously. Experimental investigation and validation were performed and the experimental results verify the effectiveness of the developed structural design and the proposed hybrid control scheme.
Predicting future frost damage risk of kiwifruit in Korea under climate change using an integrated modeling approach: Predicting kiwifruit frost damage under a changing climate

Correspondence Kwang-Hyung Kim, Climate Services Research Department, APEC Climate Center, 12 Centum 7-ro, Haeundae-gu, Busan, 612-020, South Korea. Email: kh.kim@apcc21.org As the climate changes, increasing variations in environmental factors directly influence crop cultivation at different magnitudes over a broad range of local communities worldwide. As a result, there is an urgent need to develop local impact assessments and adaptation strategies for use at local, rather than national or global, levels. In this study, we predicted the future frost damage of kiwifruit in the Jeonnam province, Korea, as a case study for the local impact assessment of climate change. This study included a series of models that integrated both the biological responses of plants and the physical influences of climatic factors. First, potential changes in the suitable area for kiwifruit cultivation under a changing climate were simulated using downscaled high resolution (1 km) climate data. Through the development of a frost-forecasting model and linking it to a kiwifruit phenology model, we also assessed the interaction of plant and climatic factors. Because of the warming climate, the last frost date in spring occurred 13.7 days earlier in average under climate change. Nevertheless, the potential risk of spring frost damage of kiwifruit continued to exist at a similar magnitude in the future. Additional study at the county level indicated that the date of bud burst is advancing even faster than the last frost date (approximately 1 day per every decade), resulting in the increasing risk of spring frost damage for kiwifruit through 2100. In this study, the local impacts of climate change on kiwifruit frost damage were assessed using the integrated modelling approach. As such, local policy makers and stakeholders will be able to prepare more realistic adaptation strategies to cope with upcoming threats in a changing climate.
Dynamic Spectrum Access for Cognitive Radio Networks

A radio in which the communication systems are conscious of their internal state and environment such as location and deployment of RF frequency spectrum at that location is known as cognitive radio. The usable radio spectrum is finite and is a precious resource, whereas with the increasing demand of wireless devices, the demand for access to it is becoming increasingly significant, and hence difficult to achieve. It has been known that the problems of spectrum underutilization and over utilization is not much because of the physical scarcity of frequencies, but mostly as a result of the spectrum management. Spectrum has been allocated in two different ways-First static, where the bands of the RF range are statically designated to the licensed users for a long period of time, second dynamic spectrum access, which deals with spectrum scarcity and helps in ensuring that the spectrum is efficiently utilized and no part of it is wasted. In this paper, the dynamic spectrum access for cognitive radio networks is performed to ensure efficient use of spectrum and hence helps in increasing system capacity. Matlab R2013a is used to perform the simulations and exhibit the dynamic spectrum access of a cognitive radio system.
Evaluation of polycrystalline silicon thin film transistors with the charge pumping technique

Poly-Si TFT (thin-film transistor) characteristics are evaluated by using the charge pumping technique. The generation-recombination current at the grain boundary (GB) traps is measured as the charge pumping current. Therefore, the influence of the GB traps is directly evaluated. It is confirmed that a large number of donorlike and acceptorlike traps exist at the GBs in poly-Si TFTs. The trap density is derived from the pulse frequency and pulse risetime dependence of the charge pumping current. It is observed that there is a direct correlation between the field-effect mobility and the charge pumping current. The influence of device type and process temperature on trap properties is examined using the charge pumping technique. Furthermore, the device characteristic degradation after hot carrier stress is evaluated using this technique. <<ETX>>
Control Systems Design for Automatic Drive of a Passenger Car in Critical Scenarios

Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) aim at supporting the driver’s task in order to improve vehicular safety. One of the most promising and most studied technologies in this direction is Autonomous Driving (AD). While control systems for AD based on lane markings have been proposed in the literature, few have addressed the problem of coping with the absence of lane references on the ground. Moreover, many of these solutions resort to complex software and/or hardware. In this project a relatively straightforward way of restoring suitable knowledge of the position of the vehicle when the output of the Lane Recognition Camera (LRC) is not available or degraded is presented. This is done exploiting a relatively new approach to variable recovering which results in a so-called “virtual sensor”. In order to show the potential of this solution, then, a control system based on a LRC is first developed in the Simulink R © environment. Subsequently, the virtual sensor for precise vehicle position reconstruction is implemented and evaluated against the first solution. Simulations considering realistic driving conditions showed comparable levels of performance between the two systems, demonstrating the effectiveness of this new approach.