Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A new short-term load forecasting approach using self-organizing fuzzy ARMAX models

This paper proposes a new self-organizing model of fuzzy autoregressive moving average with exogenous input variables (FARMAX) for one day ahead hourly load forecasting of power systems. To achieve the purpose of self-organizing the FARMAX model, identification of the fuzzy model is formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem. Then a combined use of heuristics and evolutionary programming (EP) scheme is relied on to solve the problem of determining optimal number of input variables, best partition of fuzzy spaces and associated fuzzy membership functions. The proposed approach is verified by using diverse types of practical load and weather data for Taiwan Power (Taipower) systems. Comparisons are made of forecasting errors with the existing ARMAX model implemented by the commercial SAS package and an artificial neural networks (ANNs) method.
A critical evaluation of step strain flows of entangled linear polymer liquids

A critical evaluation of step strain flow experiments on entangled, linear polymer liquids is performed. Roughly one-half of the published shear stress relaxation modulus data for these systems are consistent with the predictions of the well-known tube model. A model of step strain flow experiments is developed to determine whether the remaining published data, which are qualitatively different from tube model predictions, are simply artifacts caused by slip, an imperfect strain step strain history, or transducer compliance. Modeling results suggest that these factors are capable of producing the types of behavior observed in experiments deemed anomalous. New criteria based on the retraction time τR, or longest Rouse relaxation time, for avoiding anomalies caused by imperfect strain step strain history and transducer compliance are proposed. These simple criteria are, in a majority of cases, found to be capable of predicting the type of observed stress relaxation behavior for 60 published step strain expe.
Automatic multimodal 2D/3D image fusion of ultrasound computer tomography and x-ray mammography for breast cancer diagnosis

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. The established screening method to detect breast cancer in an early state is X-ray mammography. However, X-ray frequently provides limited contrast of tumors located within glandular tissue. A new imaging approach is Ultrasound Computer Tomography generating threedimensional volumes of the breast. Three different images are available: reflectivity, attenuation and speed of sound. The correlation of USCT volumes with X-ray mammograms is of interest for evaluation of the new imaging modality as well as for a multimodal diagnosis. Yet, both modalities differ in image dimensionality, patient positioning and deformation state of the breast. In earlier work we proposed a methodology based on Finite Element Method to register speed of sound images with the according mammogram. In this work, we enhanced the methodology to register all three image types provided by USCT. Furthermore, the methodology is now completely automated using image similarity measures to estimate rotations in datasets. A fusion methodology is proposed which combines the information of the three USCT image types with the X-ray mammogram via semitransparent overlay images. The evaluation was done using 13 datasets from a clinical study. The registration accuracy was measured by the displacement of the center of a lesion marked in both modalities. Using the automated rotation estimation, a mean displacement of 10.4 mm was achieved. Due to the clinically relevant registration accuracy, the methodology provides a basis for evaluation of the new imaging device USCT as well as for multimodal diagnosis.
SPARO: the submillimeter polarimeter for Antarctic remote observing

The South Pole has been identified as an excellent submillimeter site. Submillimeter continuum work at the South Pole promises to address several essential issues in astronomy including the morphology of the magnetic field in the galactic center and the search for protogalaxies. Here we will discuss the Submillimeter Polarimeter for Antarctic Remote Observing (SPARO), the first sub-kelvin cryostat designed for operation in the hostile Antarctic winter environment. We have implemented several novel design concepts, including a vapor cooled 4He cryostat and a capillary fed pumped 4He stage, in order to construct a long holdtime system with simplified operation.
Neural Constituency Parsing of Speech Transcripts

This paper studies the performance of a neural self-attentive parser on transcribed speech. Speech presents parsing challenges that do not appear in written text, such as the lack of punctuation and the presence of speech disfluencies (including filled pauses, repetitions, corrections, etc.). Disfluencies are especially problematic for conventional syntactic parsers, which typically fail to find any EDITED disfluency nodes at all. This motivated the development of special disfluency detection systems, and special mechanisms added to parsers specifically to handle disfluencies. However, we show here that neural parsers can find EDITED disfluency nodes, and the best neural parsers find them with an accuracy surpassing that of specialized disfluency detection systems, thus making these specialized mechanisms unnecessary. This paper also investigates a modified loss function that puts more weight on EDITED nodes. It also describes tree-transformations that simplify the disfluency detection task by providing alternative encodings of disfluencies and syntactic information.
Phase correlation pixel‐to‐pixel image co‐registration based on optical flow and median shift propagation

With singular value decomposition (SVD) and robust 2‐dimensional fitting phase correlation algorithms, it is possible to achieve pixel‐to‐pixel image co‐registration at sub‐pixel accuracy via local feature matching. However, the method often fails in featureless and low correlation areas making it not robust for co‐registration of images with considerable spectral differences and large featureless ground objects. A median shift propagation (MSP) technique is proposed to eliminate the problem, in a phase correlation and Normalized Cross‐Correlation (NCC) combined approach. The experiment results using images from different sensor platforms and spectral bands indicate that the new method is very robust to featureless and low correlation areas and can achieve very accurate pixel‐to‐pixel image co‐registration with good tolerance of spectral and spatial differences between images. The method will significantly improve change detection in various remote sensing applications.
Input-output linearization of retarded non-linear systems by using an extension of Lie derivative

This paper considers the input-output linearization problem for retarded non-linear systems, which have time-delays in the state. By using an extension of the Lie derivative for functional differential equations, we derive a coordinates transformation and a static state feedback to obtain linear input-output behaviour for a class of retarded non-linear systems. The obtained coordinates transformation is allowed to contain not only the current value of the state variables but also the past values of ones. In addition, we show that the coordinates transformation is invertible in a neighbourhood of the origin and examine the stability condition of the closed loop system with the static state feedback. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is demonstrated through numerical simulations.
Lagrangian theory of gravitational instability of Friedman-Lemaitre cosmologies and the 'Zel'dovich approximation'

The aim of this paper is to clarify the connection between the so-called Zel'dovich approximation and perturbative solutions of the Euler-Poisson system for the motion of a self-gravitating dust continuum, evaluated in the Lagrangian picture of fluid dynamics. Solutions of the Lagrangian equations, linearized at an isotropically expanding background, are derived. This approximation is investigated; it contains the Zel'dovich approximation as well as a generalized form of it as subclasses, and allowed treatment of the non-linear evolution of vortical perturbations consistently within the framework of self-gravitating motions. In contrast to the prediction of the standard linear approximation, vorticity is coupled to the density enhancement and is amplified in the present approximation
Asymmetric nonlinear conductance of quantum dots with broken inversion symmetry

Coherent electron transport in open, asymmetric ~triangular! quantum dots is studied experimentally and theoretically in the nonlinear response regime. The nonlinear dot conductance is found to be asymmetric with respect to zero bias voltage. This conductance asymmetry is related to the nonsymmetric effect of an applied electric field on the quantum electron states inside the dot and on their coupling to the states in the electron reservoirs. The direction of the asymmetry depends sensitively on the amplitude of an applied ac voltage, on the Fermi energy and on the magnetic field, and is suppressed at temperatures above a few Kelvin. Quantum dots can therefore be viewed as ratchets, that is, devices in which directed particle flow is induced by nonequilibrium fluctuations, in the absence of ~time-averaged! external net forces and gradients. A quantum mechanical model calculation reproduces the key experimental observations. The magnitude of the conductance asymmetry is found to depend strongly on the electric field distribution inside the dot. In addition to exact calculations, an approximation is presented which makes it possible to qualitatively predict the nonlinear behavior from the energy dependence of the conductance in the linear response regime. We also discuss a semiclassical explanation for our observations and comment on limits of quantum-interference induced rectification.
Sequential Fuzzy Diagnosis for Plant Machinery

When developing a fuzzy diagnosis system for machinery conditions, the relationship between fault symptoms and fault categories must be defined for fuzzy inference. However, it is not easy to determine the fault symptoms by which all fault categories can be distinguished perfectly and automatically. In order to resolve this problem, we proposed: (1) a new fuzzy diagnosis method called “sequential fuzzy diagnosis”, and (2) an identification method of the membership function of the symptom parameter by possibility theory. The efficiency of the above methods was verified by applying them to the rolling bearing diagnosis system and others. In the system of rolling bearing diagnosis, the symptom parameters are calculated by “goodness of fit” with spectrum analysis. The results of sequential fuzzy diagnosis show the correct conclusions when inputting field data to the system.
Electric field induced critical points and polarization rotations in relaxor ferroelectrics

The giant electromechanical response in ferroelectric relaxors such as $\mathrm{Pb}({\mathrm{Mg}}_{1∕3}{\mathrm{Nb}}_{2∕3}){\mathrm{O}}_{3}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Pb}\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ (PMN-PT) is of great importance for a number of ultrasonic and medical applications as well as in telecommunications. On the basis of the dielectric, heat capacity, and piezoelectric investigations on PMN-PT crystals of various PT compositions and bias fields, we have recently shown the existence of a line of critical points for the paraelectric to ferroelectric transformations in the composition-temperature-electric field $(x\text{\ensuremath{-}}T\text{\ensuremath{-}}E)$ phase diagram. Here, we show the piezobehavior in more detail and present a theoretical evaluation of the Widom line and the critical line. This line effectively terminates a surface of first order transitions. Above this line, supercritical evolution has been observed. On approaching the critical point, both the enthalpy cost to induce the intermediate monoclinic states and thus the barrier for polarization rotations decrease significantly. The maximum of the piezoelectric response is not at $E=0$, but at the critical field values. It is shown that the critical fluctuations in the proximity of the critical points are directly responsible for the observed enhancement of the electromechanical response in the PMN-PT system. In view of the large electric field dependence of the dielectric constant near the critical point, these systems may also be important as electric field tunable elements.
Adaptive Beam-Forming Based on the Mutative Scale Chaos Optimization

In order to improve the SINR of the beam-former in the case of DOA mismatch, the paper raises the probability of constraint beam-forming algorithm based on mutative scale chaos optimization in connection with the worst performance of the best sound beam-forming algorithm. By introducing the probability constraints confidence interval and the signal vector error distribution law in the beam-forming, the constrained optimization problem is eventually turned into a nonlinear optimization problem. Then the global optimal weight is searched by the mutative scale chaos optimization method. Simulations have shown that the algorithm can significantly improve the SINR.
Erik Smitterberg,The progressive in 19th-century English: a process of integration. Language and Computers: Studies in Practical Linguistics 54. Amsterdam and New York: Rodopi, 2005. ISBN 90-420-1735-X (Europe)

Arnold, J. E. , T. Wasow, A. Losongco, & R. Ginstrom (2000). Heaviness vs. newness: the effects of structural complexity and discourse status on constituent ordering. Language 76: 28–55. Gries, S. Th. (2003). Towards a corpus-based identification of prototypical instances of constructions. Annual Review of Cognitive Linguistics 1: 1–27. McEnery, T. , R. Xiao & Y. Tono (2006). Corpus-based language studies: an advanced resource book. London: Routledge. Orwin, R. (1994). Evaluating coding decisions. In Cooper, H. & L. Hedges (eds.), The handbook of research synthesis. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. 139–62. Seuren, P. (1998). Western linguistics: an historical introduction. Oxford and Malden, MA: Blackwell. Szmrecsanyi, B. (2004). On operationalizing syntactic complexity. In Purnelle, G. , C. Fairon & A. Dister (eds.), Le poids des mots. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Textual Data Statistical Analysis. Louvain-la-Neuve, March 10–12, 2004. Louvain-la-Neuve: Presses universitaires de Louvain. 1032–9. Wasow, T. (1997). Remarks on grammatical weight. Language Variation and Change 9: 81–105.
Enhanced magnetization in cubic ferrimagnetic CuFe2O4 nanoparticles synthesized from a citrate precursor: the role of Fe2+

We report a simple liquid dehydration route involving citrate precursors to synthesize single-phase ferrimagnetic copper ferrite (CuFe2O4) nanoparticles with a cubic crystal structure. Superparamagnetism was exhibited by 5 nm CuFe2O4 particles while ferrimagnetism prevailed at 11 nm and above. The cubic CuFe2O4 samples grown under specific conditions show a systematic enhancement in the saturation magnetization. Both quantitative chemical analysis and the unit cell volume data indicate that samples with larger magnetization contain a higher fraction of Fe2+ ions in place of Fe3+. We provide a plausible model for the cation distribution among the available tetrahedral and octahedral sites that quantitatively explains the observed enhancement in the saturation magnetization. This appears to be the first attempt to increase the magnetization by controlling the Fe2+ concentration.
On the role of the outer region in the turbulent-boundary-layer bursting process

The dynamics and interaction of turbulent-boundary-layer eddy structures was experimentally emulated. Counter-rotating streamwise vortices and low-speed streaks emulating turbulent-boundary-layer wall eddies were generated by a Görtler instability mechanism. Large-scale motions associated with the outer region of turbulent boundary layer were emulated with — ωz spanwise vortical eddies shed by a periodic non-sinusoidal oscillation of an airfoil. The scales of the resulting eddy structures were comparable to a moderate-Reynolds-number turbulent boundary layer. Results show that the emulated wall-eddy breakdown was triggered by streamwise acceleration associated with the outer region of turbulent boundary layer. This breakdown involved violent mixing between low-speed fluid from the wall eddy and accelerated fluid associated with the outer structure. Although wall eddies can break down autonomously, the presence of and interaction with outer-region — ωz eddies hastened their breakdown. Increasing the — ωz eddy strength resulted in further hastening of the breakdown. Conversely, + ωz eddies were found to delay wall-eddy breakdown locally, with further delays resulting from stronger + ωz eddies. This suggests that the outer region of turbulent boundary layers plays a role in the bursting process.
Use of variational methods to the eddy currents calculation in thin conducting plates

In the paper eddy-currents are calculated in thin conducting plates of chosen shapes. It is assumed that the secondary magnetic field due to eddy-currents is negligible compared with the exciting flux. The stream function I is introduced to formulate field equations. The Ritz and Kantorovich varia - tional methods are applied for solving the field equation and calculating the power losses.
The close T Tauri binary V 4046 Sagittarii

This thesis is a detailed observational study of the accretion processes in T Tauri stars (TTS). The interaction between the central star, the circumstellar disk and the magnetic field gives rise to a wide range of features in the spectra of TTS. The current picture of TTS is based on rather simple models assuming that accretion is a homogeneous and axisymmetric process. Although these models have been successful in explaining some observational signatures of TTS such as the shape of emission lines, the static nature of these models makes them unsuitable for describing the strong variability of the veiling spectrum and emission lines of TTS. An improved understanding of this variability is of key importance to study the dynamic processes related to the accretion flow and the winds. This study is based on a set of high-quality spectroscopic observations with the UVES spectrograph at the 8-m VLT in 2000 and 2002. These spectra, with exposure times as short as 10-15 minutes, have high spectral resolution and high signal-to-noise ratios and cover a large part of the optical wavelength range. From this dataset we determine the basic physical parameters of several TTS and model their photospheres. These models then serve as a basis for a detailed investigation of variations of the veiling continuum and line emission. We confirm that the level of veiling correlates with some of the strongest emission lines and that coherent changes in accretion occur on a timescale of a few hours, comparable to the free-fall time from the disk to the star. From the properties of the emission lines formed close to the central star and in the stellar wind we derive restrictions on the geometry of the observed systems. Because the intrinsic axial symmetry of a single star makes it almost impossible to disentangle rotational modulation from inhomogeneity and axial asymmetry of the accretion flow, we study a series of spectra of a close spectroscopic binary at different orbital phases and derive the 3D structure of flows between the disk and the star. Finally, we calculate the profiles of hydrogen emission lines by iteratively solving 3D NLTE radiative transfer in a state-of-the-art magnetospheric model.
A Robust Random Forest Prediction Model for Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission Based on Individual Medical History

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) continues to be a leading cause of mortality and reduces manpower throughout the world. HIV transmission from mother to child is still a global challenge in health research. According to UNAIDS, in every 7 girls, 6 are found to be newly infected among adolescents whereby 15-24 years are likely to be living with HIV which is the maternal age and likely to transfer to the child. Machine learning methods have been used to predict HIV/AIDS transmission from mother to child but left behind some important considerations including the use of patient-level information and techniques in balancing the dataset which may impact models’ performance. A robust prediction model for mother-to-child HIV/AIDS transmission is vital to alleviate HIV/AIDS detrimental effects. The Random Forest Machine Learning method was employed based on features from the individual medical history of HIV-positive mothers. A total of 680 balanced data tuples were used for model development using the ratio of 75:25 for training and testing the dataset. The Random Forest model outperformed the most commonly used learning algorithms achieving the performance of 99% accuracy, recall and F1-score of 0.99 and an error of 0.01, thus improving the prediction rate.
Erratum: “On the Normalization of the Cosmic Star Formation History” (ApJ, 651, 142 [20067])

The stellar mass density data shown in Figure 5 of our original paper are in error; a corrected version of the figure is given here. The confidence regions arising from the integration over the star formation history (SFH) are correct, and the original figure caption remains correct. The description given in x 4 regarding converting between different initial mass functions ( IMFs) corresponds to a factor of A(1 R1)/(1 R2), where A is the IMF-dependent SFR conversion factor, and R1 and R2 are the recycling fractions for the IMFs being converted to and from, respectively. This is the correct factor to use in the conversion of the integrated SFH, as both the SFR conversion factor and the ratio of themass-lockup factors are required.When converting themeasured stellar mass density data from the literature, however, only the mass-lockup ratio (1 R1)/(1 R2) is necessary. The consequence is that the data points in Figure 5 are erroneously low by a factor A. For conversions from the Salpeter (1955) IMF (R2 1⁄4 0:72), the SalA IMF has A 1⁄4 0:77 and R1 1⁄4 0:40, and the BG IMF has A 1⁄4 0:50 and R1 1⁄4 0:56. The discussion in x 5.1 of the discrepancy between the stellar mass density measurements and the integrated SFH is largely superfluous as a consequence of this correction, although the discussion of the metal mass densities is unaffected. In particular, we note that using the BG IMF for the SFH integral (as indicated by K. Glazebrook et al. (Nature, 430, 181 [2004]) reproduces the observed stellar mass density at z 1⁄4 0, and up to zP2. The discrepancy between the stellar mass densitymeasurements at z 1Y4 and the integral of the SFH is emphasised by S. M. Wilkins et al. (MNRAS, 385, 687 [2008]), who analyze a far more comprehensive compilation of stellar mass density measurements. This error does not alter any of our primary results or conclusions regarding the normalization of the SFH or the IMFs associated with the bounds on that normalization. We thank Karl Glazebrook for bringing this error to our attention, and for assisting with the identification of its source.