Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Current perspectives Regulation of TH 17 cells in the mucosal surfaces

The mucosal surfaces represent the main intersection between jawed vertebrates and the environment. The mucosal surface of the intestine alone forms the largest surface that is exposed to exogenous antigens as well as the largest collection of lymphoid tissue in the body. Therefore, a protective immune activity must coexist with efficient regulatory mechanisms to maintain a health status of these organisms. The discoveryof a new lineage of TH cells that produce IL-17 has provided valuable new insight into host defense and the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases at the mucosal surfaces. Of particular interest for these surfaces, it has been reported that peripherally-induced regulatory T cells and TH17 effector cells arise in a mutually exclusive fashion, depending on whether they are activated in the presence of TGF-b or TGF-b plus inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6. This review addresses the protective and pathogenic roles of TH17 cells in the mucosal surfaces and potential regulatory mechanisms that control their development. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009;123:997-1003.)
Non-Cooperative Blind Spectrum Sensing for Primary Users in Cognitive Radio Networks with DS-CDMA

Real-time spectrum sensing with precise accuracy is the most important step to establish cognitive radio networks (CRNs). Detecting the presence of primary users (PUs) that use DS-CDMA (Direct sequence code division multiple access) technique is a challenge for the secondary users (SUs) in CRNs. DS-CDMA transmissions with very low signal to noise ratio (SNR) results in a signal hidden below the noise level, therefore, the existing classic detection methods are not effective enough to sense the signals. In this paper, a method is proposed to resolve this challenge. The proposed method based on fluctuation of correlation estimators searches on a specific frequency band and detects primary user's signals. Simulation results show that the sensing performance of the method is better than other conventional schemes for dealing with DS-CDMA users.
Re-distributed manufacturing and the food-water-energy nexus: opportunities and challenges

Abstract Addressing the intersection of two important emerging research areas, re-distributed manufacturing (RDM) and the food-energy-water (FEW) nexus, this work combines insights from engineering, business and policy perspectives and explores opportunities and challenges towards a more localized and sustainable food system. Analysis centred on two specific food products, namely bread and tomato paste reveals that the feasibility and potential of RDM vary with the type of food product and the supply chain (SC) components. Physically, energy efficiency, water consumption and reduction of waste and carbon footprint may be affected by scale and location of production activities and potentials of industrial symbiosis. From the business perspective, novel products, new markets and new business models are expected in order for food RDM to penetrate within the established food industry. Studies on policies, through the lens of public procurement, call for solid evidence of envisioned environmental, social and economic benefits of a more localized food system. An initial integrated framework is proposed for understanding and assessing food RDM and the FEW nexus.
Study on localization detection method of indoor garage in weak texture scene

In order to overcome the large positioning error of indoor garage caused by fuzzy scene texture, an indoor garage positioning localization method in weak texture scene is proposed. The method is divided into two stages: off-line and on-line. The off-line stage aims to establish the database of parking lot number and world coordinates of marked corners. In the online stage, the image is preprocessed first, and then the improved Hough transform algorithm is used to extract the marked corners. The feature points are matched according to the identified parking space number, combined with the world coordinate information of the marked corners stored in the database, and finally the current positioning information is calculated with the help of PNP algorithm. Taking an indoor parking garage as an example, the actual test shows that the accuracy of the marked corners extracted by the improved Hough transform algorithm proposed in this paper can reach 92.5%, which is higher than the accuracy of 84.5% by the traditional method. The average positioning error is about 0.45m, which meets the positioning requirements of the indoor garage. Simulation results show that this method is effective in weak texture scene.
A Method Applied in Anomaly Detection of Impurities Adhering to Pipes of Coriolis Mass Flowmeter

The Coriolis mass flowmeter (CMF) is widely used to measure mass flow, mainly in petrochemical, medical, pharmaceutical, food manufacturing, and other industries. The measuring tube is the crucial component of CMF, which affects the measurement accuracy and causes losses to the production of enterprises. Wall-mounted failure of the measuring tube affects measurement accuracy. A real-time detection method based on acceleration sensor array signal processing and pattern recognition are proposed to detect such failure. Two acceleration sensors are arranged outside the CMF to compose a five-channel sensor array. The signals of the multichannel array are decomposed through a blind source separation algorithm, and array signal features are extracted by a wavelet scattering network. Support vector data description (SVDD) is used to detect the hanging state of CMF at last. The experimental results show that the proposed method can be used to detect the CMF wall-mounted failure in real-time with an accuracy of 89.59%, and the method can reduce production losses.
Fatigue life analysis of the radial cylindrical roller bearings: roller end-flange construction effect

Abstract The fatigue life analysis of radial Cylindrical Roller Bearings (CRBs) is performed by considering the effects of the roller end-flange construction. A NUP-type CRB with the conical flange and the rollers having spherical ends is considered under various combined loads. The effect of the variation of the flange angle on the bearing life is addressed. The slicing method is employed to obtain bearing internal load distribution, and the elastic half-space method is used to calculate contact pressures and subsurface stresses, which are necessary for bearing life calculations. For the combination of radial and axial loading, it’s observed that the bearing life decreases up to a certain value of the flange angle, and the changes in the life are minimal after a certain flange angle. For high misalignment angles of the inner ring with radial loading, the results show that the predicted life decreases until a particular flange angle and then increases with increasing flange angle. The change in the bearing life depending on the flange angle is mainly attributed to the change in the roller tilt angle versus the flange angle.
Radiomics-Informed Modeling for Transcranial Ultrasound Stimulation: Age Matters

Transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) is emerging as a powerful, non-invasive neurotechnology for focal brain stimulation using low intensity focused ultrasound delivered through the scalp/skull to initiate the modulation of neuronal excitability in the targeted brain structures (Fomenko et al., 2020). With the advantages of higher spatial resolution and deeper penetration depth, TUS is increasingly employed as a potential alternative approach for overcoming the disadvantages of the currently used non-invasive modalities of brain stimulation. Different from transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial current stimulation (tCS), the mechanism of TUS is the mechanical interaction between ultrasound waves and neuronal membranes, which can modulate the mechanosensitive voltage-gated ion channels or neurotransmitter receptors and achieve therapeutic goals (Tyler et al., 2008; Di Biase et al., 2019; Liao et al., 2019). For instance, evidence that a frequency-specific acoustic wave can be converted into an effective stimulus for a neuron has been observed in a quantitative radiation force model (Menz et al., 2019). In the last decade, TUS has shown to modulate the activities in retina (Menz et al., 2019), cortical and subcortical structures, resulting in electrophysiological and behavioral changes in mice (Hou et al., 2021), primates (Verhagen et al., 2019) and human (Ai et al., 2018). Among the published TUS studies, the mean chronological age derived from the human participants is around age 30 (see Supplementary Table 1), which conceivably limits the applications of TUS in children and elderly. Using individual medical images as guidance, the accuracy of localizing the treatment targets during TUS has improved to millimeter (mm) scale, whereas the stimulation-related parameters and TUS-induced effect still vary between individuals, particularly in the individuals with age-related brain diseases, such as neurodevelopmental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Among the parameters that determine the heterogeneity of TUS-induced effect, the morphometric features of treatment target have been highlighted as the stimulation-specific factors (Polanía et al., 2018).
How to Prevent Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections: A Reappraisal of Vico’s Theory—Is History Repeating Itself?

New, contextualized modern solutions must be found to solve the dilemma of catheter-associated urinary infection (CAUTI) in long-term care settings. In this paper, we describe the etiology, risk factors, and complications of CAUTI, explore different preventive strategies proposed in literature from the past to the present, and offer new insights on therapeutic opportunities. A care bundle to prevent CAUTI mainly consists of multiple interventions to improve clinical indications, identifying a timeline for catheter removal, or whether any alternatives may be offered in elderly and frail patients suffering from chronic urinary retention and/or untreatable urinary incontinence. Among the various approaches used to prevent CAUTI, specific urinary catheter coatings according to their antifouling and/or biocidal properties have been widely investigated. Nonetheless, an ideal catheter offering holistic antimicrobial effectiveness is still far from being available. After pioneering research in favor of bladder irrigations or endovesical instillations was initially published more than 50 years ago, only recently has it been made clear that evidence supporting their use to treat symptomatic CAUTI and prevent complications is needed.
Low-Profile Dual-Polarized Luneburg Lens Based on TE/TM Surface Wave Modes

This letter presents a novel dual-polarized two-dimensional (2-D) Luneburg lens operated at millimeter-wave band with a low-profile and planar structure. Based on a dual-mode unit cell that supports TE/TM surface wave modes with orthogonal polarizations, the proposed 2-D Luneburg lens with gradient refractive index distribution compresses the beamwidth in one dimension and achieves fan-shaped beams for both of the two polarization modes. To verify the proposed Luneburg lens, a prototype is fabricated using the printed circuit broad process with low cost, weight, and profile. The measured peak gain of H- and V-pol mode is 17.0 dBi and 17.2 dBi, respectively. Because the surface wave modes are applied to both polarizations of the proposed Luneburg lens, the electromagnetic waves transform from the lens to the air smoothly, without the need for additional radiation structures, which reduces the profile further and increases the antenna aperture.
The Policy of Legal-Entity State Higher Education Institutions (PTN-BH) Determination Viewed from Material Law Institutions

PTN-BH is a state university established by government with the status as an autonomous public legal entity. The existence of PTN-BH in ensuring quality and affordable education is questionable because the application of the non-profit principle in the autonomy of higher education is the basis that students must be protected in the imposition of education costs that the state cannot afford, especially in universities with legal entity status. The purpose of this study is to determine the urgency of PTN-BH determination in terms of material law. This study uses a normative juridical method, the data sources used are secondary data and primary data analyzed qualitatively. The results of the study indicate the emergence of the term Legal Entity State Higher Education Institutions beginning with the enactment of Law Number 9 of 2009 concerning Educational Legal Entities, named PTN-BHMN. In the end, the BHP Law was annulled by the Constitutional Court, with the Constitutional Court Decision Number 11-14-21-126-136/PUU-VII-2009 dated March 10, 2010. The BHP Law was declared contrary to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia that leads to no legally binding power. The enactment of Law Number 12 of 2012 concerning Higher Education becomes the basic foundation for State Universities Ex-BHMN to switch status to PTN-BH. With full autonomy, a state university can independently manage its own household according to the purpose of the campus. It is hoped that universities can develop and innovate more quickly. State universities with the status of Legal Entities actually have wider autonomy which means that PTN-BH can take care of their household more independently. For example, a higher level education institution with the status of a PTN-BH can open a new study program or close it when it is deemed no longer needed. Likewise in financial matters, personnel affairs are also regulated by its higher level education institution.
High-speed photodetectors in optical communication system

This paper presents a review and discussion for high-speed photodetectors and their applications on optical communications and microwave photonics. A detailed and comprehensive demonstration of high-speed photodetectors from development history, research hotspots to packaging technologies is provided to the best of our knowledge. A few typical applications based on photodetectors are also illustrated, such as free-space optical communications, radio over fiber and millimeter terahertz signal generation systems.
Excavation of Genes Responsive to Brassinosteroids by Transcriptome Sequencing in Adiantum flabellulatum Gametophytes

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of polyhydroxysteroid plant hormones; they play important roles in the development and stress resistance of plants. The research on BRs has mainly been carried out in angiosperms, but in ferns—research is still limited to the physiological level and is not in-depth. In this study, Adiantum flabellulatum gametophytes were used as materials and treated with 10−6 M brassinolide (BL). The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) responsive to BRs were identified by transcriptome sequencing, GO, KEGG analysis, as well as a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. From this, a total of 8394 DEGs were screened. We found that the expressions of photosynthetic genes were widely inhibited by high concentrations of BL in A. flabellulatum gametophytes. Moreover, we detected many BR synthase genes, except BR6ox2, which may be why castasterone (CS) rather than BL was detected in ferns. Additionally, we identified (for the first time) that the expressions of BR synthase genes (CYP90B1, CYP90C1, CYP90D1, CPD, and BR6ox1) were negatively regulated by BL in fern gametophytes, which indicated that ferns, including gametophytes, also needed the regulatory mechanism for maintaining BR homeostasis. Based on transcriptome sequencing, this study can provide a large number of gene expression data for BRs regulating the development of fern gametophytes.
The Effect of Polyphenol Extract from Rosa Roxburghii Fruit on Plasma Metabolome and Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetic Mice

Rosa roxburghii fruit is an underutilized functional food abundant in polyphenols. Polyphenols have been proved to have antidiabetic effects. This study investigates the effects of Rosa roxburghii fruit polyphenols extract (RPE) on plasma metabolites and gut microbiota composition in streptozotocin (STZ)- and high-fat diet- induced type 2 diabetes using metabolomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The induced diabetic mice were fed with 400 mg/kg body weight RPE for 8 weeks. RPE demonstrated hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Colonic oxidative stress biomarkers were also lowered by RPE. Besides, RPE decreased plasma ceramides and tyrosine levels and increased carnitine and phosphatidylinositols levels, indicating improved insulin resistance, lipid metabolism, and immune response. Furthermore, RPE decreased abundances of Lachnospiraceae and Rikenellaceae and increased abundances of Erysipelotrichaceae and Faecalibaculum. Metabolic function prediction of the gut microbiota by PICRUSt demonstrated that RPE downregulated the phosphotransferase system. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that RPE has the potential to prevent type 2 diabetes by regulating the plasma metabolites and gut microbes.
Ultrasonic assisted amaranth stem pretreatment for bio-ethanol production

An investigation was undertaken to determine the effect of ultrasound on enzymatic hydrolysis rate and enhanced bioethanol yields. Compositional analysis of the feedstock reveals that amaranth lignocellulose contains 36.35% cellulose and 22.57 % hemicellulose. Two sets of experiments were conducted each involving the use of alkaline or acid solutions and ultrasonic irradiations. The effect of energy-input, sonication time, calcium hydroxide and sulfuric acid concentrations (10 and 30 g.kg) at a constant biomass loading (50 g.kg) was studied. 30 FPU equivalent of cellulolytic enzyme activity was added to each pretreated biomass and incubated at 50°C for 48 hours at pH 4.8. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used to quantify the total monomeric sugars and ethanol, while the solid residues were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Results show that ultrasonic-assisted dilute acid pretreatment was the most favorable conditions to obtain more fermentable sugars. The highest total sugar yield (350 g.kg substrate) was obtained at 270 kJ/g energy-input for 30 min in presence of 30 g.kg of H2SO4 solution. Pretreatment of amaranth lignocellulose in dilute alkali solution yielded modest total sugar yield (240 g.kg -1 substrate) under similar conditions of 270 kJ.g energy-input for 30 min at 30 g.kgof Ca(OH)2 loading. Significant disruption of biomass structure was observable after pretreatment with dilute acid than when dilute alkaline was applied. FTIR spectra show peaks associated with carbon-carbon double bonds, acetyl group and hydroxyl decreasing which is consistent with removal of sugars and oligomers from amaranth lignocellulose. Therefore, a combination of ultrasound irradiations and dilute acid has shown to be effective and promising approach for pretreatment of amaranth stem when fully optimized.
Implementation of an automated eye-in-hand scanning system using Best-Path planning

In this thesis we implemented an automated scanning system for 3D object reconstruction. This system is composed of a KUKA LWR 4+ arm with Microsoft Kinect cameras placed on its extreme and thus, in an eye-in-hand con guration. We implemented the system in ROS using Kinect Fusion software with extra features added by R. Monica's previous work [16] and MoveIt! ROS libraries [29] to control the robot movement with motion planning. To connect these nodes, we have coded a suite using ROS and MATLAB to easily operate them as well as including new features, such as an original view planner that outperforms the commonly used Next-Best-View planner. This suite incorporates a Graphical User Interface that allows new users to easily perform the reconstruction tasks. The new view planner developed in this work, called Best-Path planner, o ers a new approach using a modi ed Dijkstra algorithm. Among its bene ts, Best-Path planner o ers an optimized way to scan the objects preventing the camera to cross again the areas which have already been scanned. Moreover, viewpoint location and orientation have been studied in depth in order to obtain the most natural movements and get the best results. For this reason, this new planner makes the scanning procedure more robust as it assures trajectories through these optimized viewpoints, so the camera is always looking towards the object maintaining the optimal sensing distances. As this project is focused on its later utility in the Intelligent Robotics Laboratory, we uploaded all the source code in the Aalto GitLab repositories [37] with installation instructions and user guides to show the di erent features that the suite o ers.
Monolithically Cointegrated Tensile Strained Germanium and InxGa1-xAs FinFETs for Tunable CMOS Logic

In this article, we have evaluated the merits of monolithically cointegrated alternate channel complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) device architecture, utilizing tensile strained germanium (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\boldsymbol {\varepsilon }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-Ge) for the p-channel FinFET and variable indium (In) compositional In<sub><italic>x</italic></sub>Ga<sub>1-<italic>x</italic></sub>As (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.10\le {x} \le0.53$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) for the n- channel FinFET. The device simulation models were calibrated using the experimental results of Ge and InGaAs FinFETs and subsequently transferred to the cointegrated Ge and In<sub><italic>x</italic></sub>Ga<sub>1-<italic>x</italic></sub> As structure while keeping the device simulation parameters fixed. The device parameters, such as <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {T}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I}_{\text {on}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I}_{\text {off}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and subthreshold-swing (SS), were determined for identical fin dimensions for n- and p-channel FinFETs as a function of In composition that alters the tensile strain in Ge. These parameters are controllable during the heteroepitaxial growth by varying In composition in In<sub><italic>x</italic></sub>Ga<sub>1-<italic>x</italic></sub>As. <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\boldsymbol {\varepsilon }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-Ge p-FinFET is shown to be superior in terms of SS and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I}_{\text {on}}/{I}_{\text {off}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ratio compared with other competing architectures. The cointegrated architecture of CMOS inverter exhibited an optimum performance over a range of In compositions from 20% to 40% while driving fan-out fan-out 1 (FO-1) and FO-4 load configurations. In addition, the CMOS inverter with symmetric rise and fall times as well as noise-immune functionality demonstrated 150 GHz of operating frequency with 30-nW total power dissipation at 20% In composition, and hence a superior power-delay-product comparable with International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) standards. Moreover, the three-stage CMOS ring oscillator performance was evaluated with various In compositions to be stable and power efficient. Thus, the cointegrated approach has a potential to: 1) simplify large-scale CMOS integration and 2) be compatible with optoelectronic materials.