Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ubiquitous RE: Breaking down Barriers

Context We have witnessed many changes in business and society caused by the application of digital technologies. As software engineers, we have driven these changes on several occasions. Software systems have moved from isolated systems via corporate systems to services available on the Internet; they have spread across numerous business domains and conquered the entertainment industry. Thanks to embedded and mobile technologies, software is everywhere, even when we are jogging in the neighborhood. Digitization versus Digitalization, Digital Revolution versus Digital Transformation: It really looks like a word play, but people are discussing the differences and tracking the trail from Digitization via Digitalization to Digital Transformation. For our purposes, the definition of Digital Transformation suffices: the profound and accelerating transformation of business activities, processes, competencies, and models aimed at fully leveraging the changes and opportunities of digital technologies and their impact across society in a strategic and prioritized way [1]. Fraunhofer IESE has actively participated in projects aimed at Digital Transformation. Two prominent project areas are Smart Ecosystems [2] and Digital Villages [3]. In this context, we also envision the transformation of the way RE is being performed.
Automatisierte Prüfung der Nutzerakzeptanz: Ein Emotions-basierter Testansatz

Zusammenfassung: Ob eine Software Erfolg hat, liegt häufig an der Nutzerakzeptanz. Als Teil der Qualitätssicherung gilt es, diese ebenfalls zu prüfen. Solche Prüfungen sind jedoch aufwendig, da sie in der Regel einen größeren manuellen Anteil haben. Möchte man Teile der Prüfung automatisieren, erfordert dies bei den Teilnehmern wiederrum ein notwendiges Maß an Motivation und Vertrauen. In diesem Artikel stellen wir einen emotions-basierten Testansatz vor, der Motivation und Vertrauen erzeugen kann, um somit zu einer Steigerung der Teilnahmebereitschaft von Testnutzern zu führen. Dies ist dadurch begründet, dass der Ansatz einen spielerischen Effekt für die Nutzer mit sich bringt und bei der Prüfung keine sensiblen Nutzerdaten übertragen werden.
Umgebungsmodellierung im Wandel der Zeit - Rückblick und kritischer Ausblick

Motivation. In den 70er Jahren wurde die Notwendigkeit erkannt Systeme zu modellieren, um die Erfolgsrate von Projekten zu erhöhen und eine Brücke zwischen Nutzern und Entwicklern zu schlagen [2]. Hierbei wurden erstmals Überlegungen zum Thema Umgebung, System und ihrer Abgrenzung getätigt. Ein Verständnis der Umgebung ist Voraussetzung für die Formulierung von Anforderungen im Requirements Engineering (RE). In diesem Beitrag geben wir einen historischen Rückblick auf verbreitete Modelle, Ansätze und Paradigmen zur Umgebungsmodellierung. Als Beispiel für die heutige Ansätze haben wir Ansätze der Umgebungsmodellierung für adaptive Systeme betrachtet. Mit Blick in die Vergangenheit und einem beispielhaften Überblick über die jetzige Nutzung, geben wir einen kritischen Ausblick auf die zukünftige Herausforderungen und Forschungsmöglichkeiten.
Beoordeling van de Uitvoeringsnotitie Emissieplafondsverzuring en grootschalige luchtverontreiniging 2003

The Dutch Cabinet has set down a national programme, drawn up in the framework of the European Directive on national emission ceilings (the NEC Directive), in an Implementation Memorandum, 'Make it or break it'. On request of the Cabinet, the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (MNP) - RIVM took on the evaluation of the objectives and cost-effectiveness of this programme for. Conclusions and recommendations are reported here. A major conclusion is the strong probability that the Netherlands will not meet its international emission obligations for 3 out of 4 NEC compounds, SO2, NOx and NMVOCs. Many of the measures and options for additional measures are not concrete and lack sufficient policy instruments for implementation. The choice made to translate national ceilings into sector targets has not been accepted by any of the sectors. This increases the risks surrounding implementation because of the uncertainty in the results of the policy package. Furthermore, the passage of time may mean that some of the reductions needed cannot be realised, making a declaration of default a very real possibility. In the case of ammonia, current policies may be sufficient to meet the target, although there is still a chance that the emission ceiling will be exceeded. Additional measures proposed are expected to bring the ammonia emissions under the ceiling. It will be possible to update the policy programme in 2006. In the meantime, it still remains to be seen whether 'Make it or break it' has set out the right implementation course for realising the Dutch national emission ceilings.
Informatization vendor evaluation model based on AHP entropy method

In view of the ambiguity and uncertainty of the various indicators in comprehensive evaluation for informatization vendors,the entropy theory in the information theory was applied to the comprehensive evaluation for information technology vendors,and a comprehensive evaluation index system for informatization vendors was established.To reasonably determine the comprehensive evaluation index weight of informatization vendors,the weight structure can be divided into subjective and objective index weights.The each index weight is determine by AHP and entropy method respectively,and then synthesized them into a portfolio weight by using the minimum relative information entropy principle to establish the entropy combination weight evaluation model of informatization vendors.The model can be combined with the subjective experience law of experts,and can be used to excavate the objective information difference between index sample values.The calculated results of the actual data from A company's informatization vendors was adopted to verify the effectiveness and practicability of the informatization vendor index system and its entropy combination weight evaluation model.
Influence of Sand and Dust Storms and Wind-sand Electricity on Electric Field Distribution around Head of Transmission Tower

Sand and dust storms are often occurred in Northwest of China.The scientists have found that the sand and dust storms can not only change the insulation capability of air,but also generate strong electric field due to the friction among the sand and dust, which may affect the safe operation of the power transmission lines.In this paper,the influence of the sand and dust storms as well as wind-sand electricity on the power-frequency electric field distribution around head of transmission tower is investigated.Based on the moment method,by introducing the concept of complex resistivity,a numerical model to analyze the maximal electric field strength on the surfaces of the conductor and grading rings under the electric field around the transmission tower is developed.The influence of the wind-sand electricity on the electric field distribution around the head of transmission tower is analyzed,The measures to reduce the maximal electric field strength on the surface of the middle phase of transmission line by optimizing the configuration of the conductor and grading ring is also investigated.It is found that the strong wind-sand electricity may increase the maximal electric field strength on the surfaces of the conductor and grading rings,which may affect the safe operation of the power transmission lines.However,this situation can be improved by optimizing the conductor arrangement.
Detection of genetically modified organisms in food products commercialized in Mozambique

The increasing presence of food and feed products derived from genetically modified organisms (GMO) has led to the development of detection methods that distinguish between foods derived from biotechnology and conventional foods. Many countries have implemented the Regulations for GM products labelling, therefore the need of establish reliable and accurate detection methods for GMO in raw materials and food products. The aim of the present study was to screen foods sold in the selected Mozambican markets for the presence of GMOs. Out of 47 samples analysed, 22 (46%) were positive either for 35S promoter or t-NOS terminator. Results of the event-specific analysis indicated the presence of RRS, Mon863 and TC1507 in 8, 6 and 1 sample respectively. None of the positive samples had a GM label. This study demonstrates for the first time, as far as we know, the presence of GM food products circulating in Mozambican markets, therefore strengthening the need for establish of labelling system and quantitative methods in routine analyses, to ensure compliance with existing regulations.
Synthesis and Biological Activities of Some Novel Oxazepines

Novel derivatives of 1, 3-dioxoisoindolin were synthesized by the reaction between imine derivatives and Pthalic anhydride. Oxazepines are an important class of biologically active compounds and their synthesis has been receiving much attention in the field of medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry. Compound 7b, 7f and 7h has shown activity similar or more to pencillin G, a well known
SDN for IoT Environment: A Survey and Research Challenges

Recently, it has emerged that both Internet of Things (IoT), and Software Defined Network (SDN) are becoming popular technologies. The main goal of IoT is to link electronic devices via the internet, meanwhile SDN facilitates network arrangement for management of a network by distinguishing the control layer and the data layer from each other. The number of electronic devices over the internet is increasing constantly, therefore it is a complicated process to manage and control especially over the huge distributed network. IoT network can be reasonably flexible and programmable through The SDN without introducing any trouble to the previously implemented network infrastructure. This paper reviews various IoT domains and applications such as cellular network, wireless Sensor, IoT management, security and smart city framework and common IoT SDN solutions. Moreover, The IoT and SDN notion has been explored critically, with assessing the current contributions in the research field. Lastly, analyzing current available solutions for SDN-based IoT implementations comparatively helps easily understanding the emerging trends view.
Increasing Adoption of Tor Browser Using Informational and Planning Nudges

Abstract Browsing privacy tools can help people protect their digital privacy. However, tools which provide the strongest protections—such as Tor Browser—have struggled to achieve widespread adoption. This may be due to usability challenges, misconceptions, behavioral biases, or mere lack of awareness. In this study, we test the effectiveness of nudging interventions that encourage the adoption of Tor Browser. First, we test an informational nudge based on protection motivation theory (PMT), designed to raise awareness of Tor Browser and help participants form accurate perceptions of it. Next, we add an action planning implementation intention, designed to help participants identify opportunities for using Tor Browser. Finally, we add a coping planning implementation intention, designed to help participants overcome challenges to using Tor Browser, such as extreme website slowness. We test these nudges in a longitudinal field experiment with 537 participants. We find that our PMT-based intervention increased use of Tor Browser in both the short- and long-term. Our coping planning nudge also increased use of Tor Browser, but only in the week following our intervention. We did not find statistically significant evidence of our action planning nudge increasing use of Tor Browser. Our study contributes to a greater understanding of factors influencing the adoption of Tor Browser, and how nudges might be used to encourage the adoption of Tor Browser and similar privacy enhancing technologies.
Nutritional Analysis of Non-Dairy Milk Almond- Tempeh as a Multivitamin Supplement for the Elderly

Increasing age in the elderly causes a decrease in physiological function and body resistance due to the degenerative process (aging). The elderly are susceptible to various diseases, both non-communicable diseases, and infectious diseases. Intake of highly nutritious food and beverages is needed to strengthen the immune system of the elderly can be through the consumption of milk. Generally, milk comes from cows called dairy milk. There is also milk derived from plants known as non-dairy milk, such as almond milk and tempeh milk. This research was a quantitative descriptive study to analyze the content of macro and micro nutritional values in almond-Tempe milk products on the presentation of the daily nutritional adequacy rate for the elderly. Almond-Tempe milk product is formulated from the substitution of 25% almond milk and 75% tempeh milk with the addition of Moringa leaf extract, beetroot, and broccoli as well as the addition of dates as a sugar substitute sweetener. The results of the nutritional value of almondTempe milk per serving to the percentage of RDA for the elderly showed the energy content of almond-Tempe milk had a percentage of 14.86-17.84 % per day for the elderly. The percentage of carbohydrates for the elderly was 13.0515. 62 % per day. The percentage of fat for the elderly was 23.45-26.06 % per day. The percentage of protein for the elderly was 7.15-7.89 % per day. The percentage of crude fiber for the elderly was 16.5-18.75 % per day. The content of vitamin E was 0,65 mg had been able to meet the needs of vitamin E based on the percentage of RDA for the elderly per day. The content of folic acid (vitamin B9) was able to provide 95,25 % of the folic acid percentage of RDA for the elderly per day.
Feature Extraction of Video Utilizing Color Difference Histogram

: Videos are more complex than images as they are a sequence of changing images. Video retrieval consists of a series of steps such as segmentation, frame selection, feature extraction and similarity measure. The paper presents the approach called Color Difference Histogram which exploits the perceptually uniform colour differences between two points under different background in accordance with the color and the edge orientations. As the system is based on the content of the videos, the query used here is a snap shot taken from the video recorder.
Numerical Solution of Time Fractional Delay Partial Differential Equations
by Perturbation Iteration Algorithm

The aim of this research was to relate two physical effects for partial differential equations on the time-coordinate, notably the multipledelay times and fractional-derivative. Time Fractional Delay Partial Differential Equations (TFDPDEs) usually interpret some complex physical phenomenon. This study works to solve TFDPDE with shrinking in x and proportional delays in t numerically by utilizing the fractional derivative of Caputo sense in the numerical method known as Perturbation Iteration Algorithm (PIA). A few famous numerical examples have been solved using PIA and their comparison with an exact solutions is illustrated for ® = 1. Also, different values of ® have been depicted in graphical form to show their fractional behavior. The delay term k is also discussed extensively in this TFDPDE study. Numerical results show that this technique is reliable, convenient, and attractive for computational use in modern times.
Preparation and characterization of soybean oil/polydimethylsiloxane hybrid bioepoxy resin and its application in antitermite coating

A soybean oil and polydimethylsiloxane-based hybrid bioepoxy resin (HSB) has been prepared by reacting epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and epoxy-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (EPDMS). The two components were crosslinked using citric acid in solution. The prepared hybrid (HSB) was characterized using infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR). The surface morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX); thermal behavior of neat bioepoxy was explored using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The blend (HSB) was examined for their anti-termite activity. The possible applications of this hybrid material were tested by coating on paper as well as wooden plates, and their coating properties were studied.
The importance of vegetation in understanding terrestrial water storage variations

Abstract. So far, various studies have aimed at decomposing the integrated terrestrial water storage variations observed by satellite gravimetry (GRACE, GRACE-FO) with the help of large-scale hydrological models. While the results of the storage decomposition depend on model structure, little attention has been given to the impact of the way that vegetation is represented in these models. Although vegetation structure and activity represent the crucial link between water, carbon, and energy cycles, their representation in large-scale hydrological models remains a major source of uncertainty. At the same time, the increasing availability and quality of Earth-observation-based vegetation data provide valuable information with good prospects for improving model simulations and gaining better insights into the role of vegetation within the global water cycle. In this study, we use observation-based vegetation information such as vegetation indices and rooting depths for spatializing the parameters of a simple global hydrological model to define infiltration, root water uptake, and transpiration processes. The parameters are further constrained by considering observations of terrestrial water storage anomalies (TWS), soil moisture, evapotranspiration (ET) and gridded runoff (Q) estimates in a multi-criteria calibration approach. We assess the implications of including varying vegetation characteristics on the simulation results, with a particular focus on the partitioning between water storage components. To isolate the effect of vegetation, we compare a model experiment in which vegetation parameters vary in space and time to a baseline experiment in which all parameters are calibrated as static, globally uniform values. Both experiments show good overall performance, but explicitly including varying vegetation data leads to even better performance and more physically plausible parameter values. The largest improvements regarding TWS and ET are seen in supply-limited (semi-arid) regions and in the tropics, whereas Q simulations improve mainly in northern latitudes. While the total fluxes and storages are similar, accounting for vegetation substantially changes the contributions of different soil water storage components to the TWS variations. This suggests an important role of the representation of vegetation in hydrological models for interpreting TWS variations. Our simulations further indicate a major effect of deeper moisture storages and groundwater–soil moisture–vegetation interactions as a key to understanding TWS variations. We highlight the need for further observations to identify the adequate model structure rather than only model parameters for a reasonable representation and interpretation of vegetation–water interactions.
Evaluation of the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation provided by the emergency response team at a tertiary care hospital

Background and Aims: Chest compression fraction is the proportion of time spent on chest compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The aims of this study were to know the quality of CPR provided during in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) by analysing the chest compression fraction and to see the correlation of chest compression fraction with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in the hospital setting. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in patients aged >18 years who developed IHCA. An observer would assess the quality of CPR provided by noting the time spent on chest compression. The chest compression fraction was calculated and correlated in patients with ROSC and without ROSC. Patients who survived were followed until discharge, and their neurological score was determined using the cerebral performance category (CPC). Results: We included 126 patients in the study; the mean chest compression fraction achieved was 78% (standard deviation [SD] ± 5). A total of 73 (58%) patients achieved ROSC and among them, 11 patients (9%) survived to hospital discharge. We found that the patients with ROSC had a significantly higher chest compression fraction of 80% (SD ± 5), as compared to 75% (SD ± 5), in whom ROSC could not be achieved. A multivariate logistic regression test showed higher odds (1.125) of ROSC in patients with high chest compression fraction. The mean CPC among the survivors was 1.4 (SD ± 0.5). Conclusion: Our study shows that health-care providers in our hospital provide high-quality CPR, and chest compression fraction is independently associated with ROSC in IHCA.
Keep Them Engaged! Investigating the Effects of Self-centered Social Media Communication Style on User Engagement in 12 European Countries

ABSTRACT On Facebook, patterns of user engagement largely shape what types of political content citizens can see on the platform. Higher engagement leads to higher visibility. Therefore, one of the major goals of political actors’ Facebook communication is to produce content with the potential to provoke user engagement, and thereby increase their own visibility. This study introduces the concept of self-centered social media communication style which focuses on “salient” and “owned” issues with populist and negative appeals and investigates how user engagement is related to its main elements. We also explore how users’ receptivity to these content-related factors is shaped by country context. More specifically, we hypothesize that users are more likely to react, comment on and share posts focusing on salient topics or issues “owned” by parties rather than more permanent policy issues, and posts including populist appeals and negativity. Further, we test how these effects are moderated by geographical regions and the level of party system polarization. We manually coded 9,703 Facebook posts of 68 parties from 12 European countries in the context of the 2019 European elections. Our findings show that users are more likely to engage with immigration-related, domestic, populist and negative posts, but react less to posts dealing with environmental or economic issues. While issue ownership does not play a significant role for user engagement, country context plays a minor role. However, some populist appeals are more effective in more polarized countries.
The role of perceived teacher and peer relationships in adolescent students’ academic motivation and educational outcomes

Abstract Teachers and peers are two influential social agents in students’ academic functioning. In the present study, we differentiated perceived social relationships into positive and negative aspects and investigated how these perceptions influence students’ motivation and educational outcomes. Results based on 2211 Chinese middle school students revealed that the perceived teacher relationships emerged as more important predictors than perceived peer relationships. Differential aspects of perceived social relationships also showed distinct predictive patterns. Moreover, multiple-group comparisons further revealed that girls were more sensitive to negative teacher relationships, whereas boys were more sensitive to negative peer relationships. These findings highlight the importance of including multiple aspects of perceived social relationships and considering potential gender differences to more fully capture the factors that affect adolescents’ academic functioning.