Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association of SIRT1 single gene nucleotide polymorphisms and serum SIRT1 levels with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma patient survival rate

BACKGROUND: SIRT1 is a multifunctional protein, possibly essential in tumorigenesis pathways, which can act both as a tumor promoter and tumor suppressor depending on the oncogenes, specific to particular tumors. Pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer is multifactorial and the association of SIRT1 expression with the clinical characteristics and prognosis of LSCC has not been fully identified. OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to evaluate associations between single gene nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of SIRT1 (rs3818292, rs3758391, and rs7895833), serum SIRT1 levels, and 5-year survival rate in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). METHODS: The study involved 302 patients with LSCC and 409 healthy control subjects. The genotyping of SNPs was performed using RT-PCR, and serum SIRT1 levels were determined by the ELISA method. RESULTS: Our study found significant differences in genotype distributions of SIRT1 rs3758391 polymorphisms between the study groups. SIRT1 rs3758391 T/T genotype was associated with the increased LSCC development odds (OR = 1.960 95% CI = 1.028–3.737; p= 0.041). Carriers of SIRT1 rs3758391 T/T genotype had statistically significantly increased odds of LSCC development into advanced stages under the codominant and recessive genetic models (OR = 2.387 95% CI = 1.091–5.222; p= 0.029 and OR = 2.287 95% CI = 1.070–4.888; p= 0.033, respectively). There were no statistically significant differences in serum SIRT1 levels between the LSCC and control groups. However, LSCC patients with SIRT1 rs3818292 AG genotype demonstrated a tendency to significantly lower SIRT1 serum levels than controls (p= 0.034). No statistically significant associations between SIRT1 (rs3818292, rs3758391, and rs7895833) SNPs and the 5-year survival rate of LSCC patients were found. CONCLUSION: The present study indicated a statistically significant association between the SIRT1 rs3758391 T/T genotype and increased LSCC development odds. LSCC patients with SIRT1 rs3818292 AG genotype showed a tendency to manifest with lower SIRT1 serum levels. No associations between SIRT1 SNPs and the 5-year survival rate of LSCC patients were detected.
Study of traps in low-temperature polysilicon thin film transistors using a current transient method

The trap characteristics of low-temperature polysilicon thin film transistors (TFTs) are studied using a current transient method that is based on the trapping and detrapping of charge carriers from the trap sites in the device. Analysis of the measured current transient curve allowed three types of detrapping behavior to be identified, each of which displayed a different time constant, activation energy, and spatial position. This current transient method can be integrated into the negative bias temperature instability stress test used for the reliability study. The peak amplitudes of the traps increase because of the stress applied in the test, thus demonstrating that the degradation mechanism of the TFTs is closely related to changes in the traps in these devices.
In Vitro Anti Acne Activity of Methanolic Extract of Dried Fruit of Embelia ribes

In current investigation, an attempt has been taken to explore the in vitro antiacne activity of methanolic extract of dried fruit of Embelia ribes. The minimum inhibitory concentration value of the Embelia ribes fruits extract against test S.epidermidis, Propionibacterium acne and Malassezia furfur was found to be 500 µg/ml ,600µg/ml and 400µg/ml respectively. It clearly indicated that methanolic extract of dried fruit of Embelia ribes is promising anti-acne agent against the test microorganisms.
BET Bromodomain Inhibitors Target the NEUROD1-subtype SCLC by Blocking NEUROD1 Transactivation

SCLC is a recalcitrant malignancy with a dismal prognosis. Four molecular subtypes of SCLC have been named, each associated with one master transcription factor (ASCL1, NEUROD1, POU2F3, or YAP1). Much is still unknown about NEUROD1’s function and transactivation in this malignancy. Herein we report that knockout of NEUROD1 triggered SCLC to evolve into a YAP1 subtype. Through an integrated analysis of RNA-seq and ChIP-seq, we found NEUROD1 regulates neural-related genes by binding to gene promoters and distal enhancers. NEUROD1 physically interacts with BET bromodomain proteins and recruits them to actively transcribed genes. Inhibition of BET bromodomain proteins blocks NEUROD1 transactivation and suppresses SCLC growth. We identified LSAMP as one of the NEUROD1-target genes that mediate SCLC’s sensitivity to BET bromodomain inhibitors. Our findings suggest that targeting transcriptional coactivators could be a new approach to block master transcription factors in SCLC to enable precision therapy.
Specified resilience value of alternative forest management adaptations to storms

ABSTRACT Resilient ecosystems provide natural insurance value, or resilience value, to the landowner and to society at large. In response to global calls for integrating biodiversity in sector policy and planning, we analysed the specified resilience value by simulating three storm regimes and five management scenarios: Business As Usual/BAU (spruce-dominance), Spruce Monoculture, More Broadleaves, Continuous Cover Forestry (CCF), and No Thinnings. The forest decision support system Heureka RegWise was used to simulate the effects of storms on forest dynamics and Net Present Value (NPV). No Thinnings, CCF and More Broadleaves were more resilient to storms (reduced damage cost) compared to BAU. BAU had the highest NPV only if storms are ignored, a common assumption in today’s forest planning. Given storms, No Thinnings maximises NPV on landscape level. On the 20% most vulnerable plots the NPV was much higher for No Thinnings and slightly higher for CCF and More Broadleaves, compared to BAU. CCF and More Broadleaves also provide nature-based solutions (co-benefits) including public goods. However, forestry adaptations to storms are slow in Sweden, in contrast to e.g. German state forestry which emphasises maximising tree growth and resilience to several stresses and disturbances rather than NPV optimisation.
Activated Human Umbilical Cord Blood Platelet-Rich Plasma Enhances the Beneficial Effects of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Chemotherapy-Induced POF Rats

Saving the ovarian function of premature ovarian failure (POF) patients undergoing chemotherapy is an important problem in the field of reproductive medicine. At present, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HucMSCs) have been used in the treatment of POF, but the effect is still not optimal. The purpose of this study was to determine whether human umbilical cord blood platelet-rich plasma (ucPRP) enhances the beneficial effects of HucMSCs in the treatment of POF. First, we observed the effects of changes in the biological activity of ucPRP on HucMSCs in vitro. Subsequently, we tracked the distribution and function of the HucMSCs in POF rats, and the rats' estrus cycle and serum sex hormones, follicular development, ovarian angiogenesis, ovarian granulosa cell proliferation, and apoptosis were assessed. The results of the study showed that the addition of ucPRP in vitro accelerates proliferation and reduces apoptosis of the HucMSCs while upregulating the stemness gene of the HucMSCs. The combined transplantation of HucMSCs and ucPRP resulted in more stem cells being retained in the ovaries of POF rats, the estrus cycle of the POF rats being restored, the levels of serum E2, AMH, and FSH improving, and damaged follicles beginning to grow. Finally, we confirmed that the potential mechanism of the combination of HucMSCs and ucPRP to rescue the ovarian function of POF rats is to promote ovarian angiogenesis and to promote the proliferation and reduce the apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells. The upregulation of AMH and FHSR expression and the downregulation of caspase-3 expression in granulosa cells are potential mechanisms for the recovery of ovarian function. Our research results suggest that the combined application of HucMSCs and ucPRP is a safe and efficient transplantation program for the treatment of POF, thus providing a reliable experimental basis for the clinical application of stem cell therapy in POF.
Pharmacological Activation Of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Protects Against Heatstroke-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Modulating Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction

Heatstroke (HS) can cause acute lung injury (ALI). Heat stress induces inflammation and apoptosis via reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endogenous reactive aldehydes. Endothelial dysfunction also plays a crucial role in HS-induced ALI. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a mitochondrial enzyme that detoxifies aldehydes such as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) protein adducts. A single point mutation in ALDH2 at E487K (ALDH2*2) intrinsically lowers the activity of ALDH2. Alda-1, an ALDH2 activator, attenuates the formation of 4-HNE protein adducts and ROS in several disease models. We hypothesized that ALDH2 can protect against heat stress-induced vascular inflammation and the accumulation of ROS and toxic aldehydes. Homozygous ALDH2*2 knock-in (KI) mice on a C57BL/6J background and C57BL/6J mice were used for the animal experiments. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used for the in vitro experiment. The mice were directly subjected to whole-body heating (WBH, 42°C) for 1 h at 80% relative humidity. Alda-1 (16 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally prior to WBH. The severity of ALI was assessed by analyzing the protein levels and cell counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the wet/dry ratio and histology. ALDH2*2 KI mice were susceptible to HS-induced ALI in vivo. Silencing ALDH2 induced 4-HNE and ROS accumulation in HUVECs subjected to heat stress. Alda-1 attenuated the heat stress-induced activation of inflammatory pathways, senescence and apoptosis in HUVECs. The lung homogenates of mice pretreated with Alda-1 exhibited significantly elevated ALDH2 activity and decreased ROS accumulation after WBH. Alda-1 significantly decreased the WBH-induced accumulation of 4-HNE and p65 and p38 activation. Here, we demonstrated the crucial roles of ALDH2 in protecting against heat stress-induced ROS production and vascular inflammation and preserving the viability of ECs. The activation of ALDH2 by Alda-1 attenuates WBH-induced ALI in vivo.
The impact of the water commonweal propaganda on citizens' water-saving behavior: the intermediary role of propaganda channels and forms – evidence from China

The water commonweal propaganda is an important measure to promote citizens’ water resource conservation and water-saving behavior. Based on Amos 21.0, this paper adopts structural equation models, through variable extraction and path construction, to explore the mechanisms of how water commonweal propaganda influences citizens' water-saving behavior. The research investigates the case of China's water commonweal propaganda. The results show that: (1) when the same propaganda forms and channels are adopted, the impact of different water commonweal propaganda content on citizens' water-saving behavior is significantly different; (2) with the same water commonweal propaganda content, different propaganda forms and channels have different impacts on citizens' water-saving behavior. Therefore, selecting appropriate propaganda forms and channels for the water commonweal propaganda can significantly improve their impact on citizens' water-saving behaviors. The research aims to provide theoretical support and practical basis for China's follow-up water commonweal propaganda.
Recent Advances in Android Mobile Malware Detection: A Systematic Literature Review

In recent years, the global pervasiveness of smartphones has prompted the development of millions of free and commercially available applications. These applications allow users to perform various activities, such as communicating, gaming, and completing financial and educational tasks. These commonly used devices often store sensitive private information and, consequently, have been increasingly targeted by harmful malicious software. This paper focuses on the concepts and risks associated with malware, and reviews current approaches and mechanisms used to detect malware with respect to their methodology, associated datasets, and evaluation metrics.
Tumor Anti-Initiation and Anti-Progression Properties of Sulphated-Extract of Colocasia esculenta

1Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia 2Department of Natural and Microbial Products Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt 3Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St. Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt 4Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St. Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt 5Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Triglyceride Glucose–Body Mass Index Is a Reliable Indicator of Bone Mineral Density and Risk of Osteoporotic Fracture in Middle-Aged and Elderly Nondiabetic Chinese Individuals

(1) Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship of triglyceride glucose–body mass index (TyG-BMI) with bone mineral density (BMD), femoral neck geometry, and risk of fracture in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals. (2) Methods: A total of 832 nondiabetic individuals were selected from the prospective population-based HOPE cohort. All individuals underwent DXA for assessment of BMD at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip, as well as femoral neck geometry. The 10-year probabilities of both major osteoporotic (MOFs) and hip fractures (HFs) were calculated. (3) Results: Cortical thickness, compression strength index, cross-sectional moment of inertia, cross-sectional area, section modulus, and 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in women (all p < 0.001). The presence of osteoporosis was related to age, BMI, BMD and femoral neck geometry, TyG-BMI, MOF, and HF. TyG-BMI was positively correlated with BMD. In men, TyG-BMI showed significant negative correlation with HF but not with MOF, the correlation exists only after adjusting for other variables in women. Femoral neck geometries were significantly impaired in individuals with low TyG-BMI. (4) Conclusion: TyG-BMI is positively associated with BMD and geometry, and negatively associated with risk of fracture in nondiabetic middle-aged and elderly Chinese men and women.
A Global Bottom‐Up Approach to Estimate Fuel Consumed by Fires Using Above Ground Biomass Observations

Real‐time estimates of the fuel consumed during a fire (dry‐matter) relies on indirect estimate from remotely sensed released energy combined with biome dependent conversion coefficients. The uncertainties in the conversions lead to the use of inflation factors to avoid large underestimations in the prediction of aerosol load during fires. In this study, adopting two different fire inventories for burned areas, we apply above ground biomass (AGB) observations [from Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) L‐band vegetation optical depth] as proxy for fuel load in deriving estimates of dry‐matter. These new estimates are then converted into biomass burning aerosols and validated against independent aerosol optical depth observations from the AERONET in situ global network. Results showed that use of AGB as a proxy observation of fuel load improves fire emission estimates and substituting the need for indirect dry‐matter estimates from remotely sensed fire activity or for the use of inflation factors.
An Intersectionality Perspective on Rural Adolescent Access to Digital Technology in South Africa

The recent COVID-19 pandemic has brought to the fore compounding disparities in the South African education system. The world at large has suddenly been faced with the challenge of blended learning given that COVID-19 has reconstituted the traditional form of education delivery. Much emphasis has been placed on global education, yet due to compounding inequalities stemming from the effects of apartheid, the South African education system has been left further entrenched in the digital divide. It is for this reason that the authors of this chapter illuminate the lack of digital technology, its subsequent effect on adolescents in rural areas, and how it impacts on their ability to learn and compete in the global education sphere. The perspective of Intersectionality theory highlighted in this chapter is used to address the inequalities perpetuated by digital technology on adolescents in rural areas.
LEI GERAL DE PROTEÇÃO DE DADOS (LGPD): O DESAFIO DE SUA IMPLANTAÇÃO PARA A SAÚDE

Em 2020, entrou em vigor a Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD), que havia sido aprovada em 2018, com a finalidade de promover a proteção dos dados pessoais de todos os cidadãos que estejam no Brasil, afetando diferentes setores e serviços. No presente trabalho, buscamos discutir a aplicabilidade da LGPD no setor da saúde, uma vez que este pode ser considerado o setor de adequação mais complexa a esta legislação, por trabalhar a todo momento com dados sensíveis. Durante o estudo, foi possível detectar situações em que, ao mesmo tempo, as informações do paciente auxiliam em seu cuidado, mas geram dificuldades para adequação da lei. Esta implementação da LGPD requer cuidado e envolvimento de toda a instituição, o cumprimento de boas práticas, estruturadas e mantidas por uma governança que se preocupa com normas de segurança, padrões técnicos, ações educativas, fiscalizações internas, assim como mapeamento e ações de mitigação de riscos.
Effect of Different Winemaking Conditions on Organic Acids Compounds of White Wines

Organic acids represent naturally occurring compounds that are found in many types of food and beverages, with important functions in defining products’ final quality. Their proportions in wine are dependent on grape composition and winemaking conditions (temperature, pH levels, oxygen, and carbon dioxide concentration). Therefore, this article studied the influence of different fermentation conditions (200 hL tanks vs. 50 L glass demijohns) and various yeasts on the evolution of the main organic acids during alcoholic fermentation of “Aligoté” wines. The fermentation lasted 22 days and samples were collected daily. Laboratory analyses were quantified according to the International Organization of Vine and Wine recommendations. High-performance liquid chromatography for the identification and quantification of organic acids was used. The data showed the important effect of winemaking conditions on sugar consumption, density or acidity values, and sensory characteristics. Significant differences in organic acid concentrations (especially for tartaric acid) were obtained for all variants, depending on the fermentation conditions, inoculated yeast and the sampling moment. The quantities of most of the identified organic acids were generally significantly increased when glass vessels were used, compared to those fermented in tanks. Most organic acids concentrations were favored by lower pH and showed higher values at lower temperatures.
Risk Factors for Bovine Cysticercosis in North-West Italy: A Multi-Year Case-Control Study

Simple Summary Bovine cysticercosis is a parasitic disease caused by Cysticercus bovis, the larval stage of the human tapeworm Taenia saginata, which is the causative agent of human taeniasis, a foodborne parasitic disease caused by the consumption of infected raw or undercooked beef meat. Although commonly asymptomatic, bovine cysticercosis has an important impact worldwide, causing huge economic losses to the meat industry due to carcass condemnation or downgrading. Given the lack of epidemiological case-control surveys carried out in Italy, the present survey’s aim was to assess the presence of farm-level risk factors for bovine cysticercosis in an endemic area in North-West Italy. The results of our survey show a significant association between the detection of bovine cysticercosis cases at slaughter and farm proximity to picnic spots, closeness of wastewater treatment plant effluents, presence of employees along with the family members and loose-housing systems. These findings highlight the need for enforced food chain information and surveillance strategies and the crucial role that hygiene-related campaigns would play to educate both the general public and farm operators on the transmission pathways of T. saginata. Abstract Taenia saginata is the causative agent of bovine cysticercosis, a zoonotic parasitic disease with a worldwide distribution. Bovine cysticercosis is considered to be an important food safety issue responsible for human taeniasis and a major economic concern since infected carcasses undergo condemnation, freezing and downgrading. The aim of the current investigation was to assess the presence of farm-level risk factors for bovine cysticercosis in an endemic area in North-West Italy. A questionnaire was designed to collect information relating to several farm structural features, as well as management practices, environmental characteristics and attitudes of farmers. The questionnaire was administered in two separate time intervals by direct interview to previously selected case and control farms. Overall, 32 case farms and 131 control farms were included between 2005 and 2011 and 50 case farms and 192 control farms were included between 2014 and 2020. The present survey showed a significant association between the detection of bovine cysticercosis cases at slaughter and farm proximity to picnic spots, closeness of wastewater treatment plant effluents, loose-housing systems and presence of employees along with the family members, highlighting the need for targeted awareness raising policies.
Regional Anesthesia Use in Pediatric Burn Surgery: A Descriptive Retrospective Series

Pediatric burns are a common and often devastating injury. Treatment, reconstruction, and rehabilitation are painful experiences. For some, the experience triggers post-traumatic stress disorder and/or a chronic pain syndrome. Given the role pain plays as a major secondary disease, it must be addressed to achieve optimal healing. Regional anesthesia has been used extensively to manage postoperative pain and reduce the need for opioids following other surgical procedures in children. However, regional anesthesia is not widely used in pediatric burn care. We present a descriptive, retrospective case series of 15 pediatric burn patients who received regional anesthesia as part of their intra-operative pain management. In our patient population, we saw low levels of anesthetic as well as opioid usage with well-controlled pain. In this cohort, 93% of patients scored a 0/10 on the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry and Consolability (FLACC) scale for pain by post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) discharge, with an average PACU stay of 70 minutes. Thirty-three percent of patients received no opioids, with the average opioid dose being 0.06mg/kg morphine equivalents. This case series serves to make clinicians aware of the feasibility of use and benefits of regional anesthesia in pediatric burn patients requiring operative repair.