Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sources of geomagnetic activity during nearly three solar cycles

mass ejections (CMEs), shocks, and postshock flows) to averages of the aa geomagnetic index and the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) strength in 1972–2000 during nearly three solar cycles. A prime motivation is to understand the influence of solar cycle variations in solar wind structure on long-term (e.g., approximately annual) averages of these parameters. We show that high-speed streams account for approximately two-thirds of long-term aa averages at solar minimum, while at solar maximum, structures associated with transients make the largest contribution (50%), though contributions from streams and slow solar wind continue to be present. Similarly, high-speed streams are the principal contributor (55%) to solar minimum averages of the IMF, while transientrelated structures are the leading contributor (40%) at solar maximum. These differences between solar maximum and minimum reflect the changing structure of the near-ecliptic solar wind during the solar cycle. For minimum periods, the Earth is embedded in high-speed streams 55% of the time versus 35% for slow solar wind and 10% for CME-associated structures, while at solar maximum, typical percentages are as follows: high-speed streams 35%, slow solar wind 30%, and CME-associated 35%. These compositions show little cycle-to-cycle variation, at least for the interval considered in this paper. Despite the change in the occurrences of different types of solar wind over the solar cycle (and less significant changes from cycle to cycle), overall, variations in the averages of the aa index and IMF closely follow those in corotating streams. Considering solar cycle averages, we show that high-speed streams account for 44%, 48%, and 40% of the solar wind composition, aa, and the IMF strength,, respectively, with corresponding figures of 22%, 32%, and 25% for CME-related structures, and 33%, 19%, and 33% for slow solar wind. INDEXTERMS: 2134 Interplanetary Physics: Interplanetary magnetic fields; 2162 Interplanetary Physics: Solar cycle variations (7536); 2164 Interplanetary Physics: Solar wind plasma; 2111 Interplanetary Physics: Ejecta, driver gases, and magnetic clouds; 2788 Magnetospheric Physics: Storms and substorms; KEYWORDS: geomagnetic activity, solar cycle variation, solar wind, interplanetary magnetic field
Video health monitoring for cardiac arrhythmia detection in a real hospital scenario

Remote Photoplethysmography (remote PPG) enables contactless monitoring of the cardiac rhythm using video cameras. Prior research has shown the feasibility of video-based atrial fibrillation (AF) and/or flutter (Aflutter) detection in some scenarios, but most exclude patient movement. In this work, we investigate the feasibility of detecting these two cardiac arrhythmias in a regular hospital environment using an RGB camera, where patients were not limited in movement during the recording process. Data of 56 patients was collected before and after a scheduled cardioversion treatment. Using the data and machine learning models, we developed three models: First, a model to detect only AF from the data excluding any Aflutter cases. Here we report a sensitivity of 94.5% and a specificity of 89.3% with an AUC of 0.966. Second, a model to classify if a cardiac arrhythmia (AF or Aflutter) is present or not. There we report there a sensitivity of 95.6% and a specificity of 91.2% with an AUC of 0.975. Finally, we develop a multi rhythm model, where we classify the data in AF, Aflutter and sinus rhythm separately. The performance of arrhythmia detection is close to the second model, but we note that the distinction between AF and Aflutter is still a challenge. Here we theorize that remote PPG is more sensitive to noise during Aflutter, which will lead to features in Aflutter which are closer to those of AF. To confirm this, we will extensively review the reason of misclassification of Aflutter as AF in future work.
NLOS identification based on statistic analysis of UWB localization error

NLOS identification is capable to provide significant prior information in IR-UWB localization. Regarding NLOS identification as a hypothesis test and according to the statistic property of UWB localization error, the probability of NLOS identification is proposed based on the error distribution. The closed-form expression of probability density function of the localization error under NLOS condition is derived. The solution of identification probability is obtained in term of theoretical analysis. The impacts of localization error are evaluated numerically with simulation. It is demonstrated that the proposed probability of NLOS identification can reach over 90% in certain false alarm.
Flexible, Heat-Durable, and Highly Sensitive Piezoelectrets from Cyclic Olefin Copolymer with Microhoneycomb Structure

This paper discusses the fabrication and characterization of cyclic olefin copolymer (COC)-based pseudo-piezoelectric materials (piezoelectrets) with exceptionally high piezoelectric activity, and their potential use in sensing applications. Piezoelectrets that utilize a novel microhoneycomb structure to achieve high piezoelectric sensitivity are carefully engineered and fabricated at a low temperature using a supercritical CO2-assisted assembly. The quasistatic piezoelectric coefficient d33 of the material can reach up to 12,900 pCN−1 when charged at 8000 V. The materials also exhibit excellent thermal stability. The charge build-up in the materials and the actuation behavior of the materials are also investigated. Finally, applications of these materials in pressure sensing and mapping and in wearable sensing are demonstrated.
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes among Adolescent Pregnant Women Living with HIV: A Propensity-Score-Matched Study

HIV infection and adolescent pregnancy are known to increase the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. However, data are limited concerning the outcomes of pregnancies among adolescent girls living with HIV. This retrospective propensity-score matched study aimed to compare adverse perinatal outcomes in adolescent pregnant women living with HIV (APW-HIV-positive) with HIV-negative adolescent pregnant women (APW-HIV-negative) and adult pregnant women with HIV (PW-HIV). APW-HIV-positive were propensity-score matched with APW-HIV-negative and PW-HIV. The primary endpoint was a composite endpoint of adverse perinatal outcomes, comprising preterm birth and low birth weight. There were 15 APW-HIV-positive and 45 women in each control group. The APW-HIV-positive were aged 16 (13–17) years and had had HIV for 15.5 (4–17) years, with 86.7% having perinatally acquired HIV. The APW-HIV-positive had higher rates of perinatally acquired HIV infection (86.7 vs. 24.4%, p < 0.001), a longer HIV infection time (p = 0.021), and longer exposure to antiretroviral therapy (p = 0.034) compared with the PW-HIV controls. The APW-HIV-positive had an almost five-fold increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes compared with healthy controls (42.9% vs. 13.3%, p = 0.026; OR 4.9, 95% CI 1.2–19.1). The APW-HIV-positive and APW-HIV-negative groups had similar perinatal outcomes.
Solid‐state Li–air batteries: Fundamentals, challenges, and strategies

The landmark Net Zero Emissions by 2050 Scenario requires the revolution of today's energy system for realizing nonenergy‐related global economy. Advanced batteries with high energy density and safety are expected to realize the shift of end‐use sectors toward renewable and clean sources of electricity. Present Li‐ion technologies have dominated the modern energy market but face with looming challenges of limited theoretical specific capacity and high cost. Li–air(O2) battery, characterized by energy‐rich redox chemistry of Li stripping/plating and oxygen conversion, emerges as a promising “beyond Li‐ion” strategy. In view of the superior stability and inherent safety, a solid‐state Li–air battery is regarded as a more practical choice compared to the liquid‐state counterpart. However, there remain many challenges that retard the development of solid‐state Li–air batteries. In this review, we provide an in‐depth understanding of fundamental science from both thermodynamics and kinetics of solid‐state Li–air batteries and give a comprehensive assessment of the main challenges. The discussion of effective strategies along with authoritative demonstrations for achieving high‐performance solid‐state Li–air batteries is presented, including the improvement of cathode kinetics and durability, solid electrolyte design, Li anode optimization and protection, as well as interfacial engineering.
A simulation study of passengers with disabilities of security screening in airport based on AnyLogic

this paper is based on the pedestrian library simulation developing platform of AnyLogic, we build the simulation models about passengers with disabilities passing the security screening channel in airports. According to related ratios by using object-oriented simulation technology and a social force model. The big challenge found in the passengers with disabilities security screening process is the lack of space for passengers to organize their luggage, or the airport security staff have not been trained on how to check some special things such as audiphones and so on, all of which leads to a low passing rate per unit time while passengers going through the security channel. The optimization scheme, namely, increasing the space for passengers to organize the luggage or training airport security staff is put forward and then verified by simulation modeling method to significantly improve the efficiency of passengers with disabilities security screening.
Utilization of Complementary and Alternative Medicine for the Management of Cardiovascular Diseases Among Adults in Ajman, United Arab Emirates

Background: As the general population is expanding their choices regarding healthcare, many are opting for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in addition to or instead of conventional modes of treatment, for the management of various health conditions. Aims: This study investigated the utilization of CAM for the management of various cardiovascular diseases as well as its risk factors among the adult population in Ajman, UAE. Materials and methods: The study was conducted upon receiving approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB). This cross-sectional study was conducted by administering an interviewer-administered questionnaire, consisting of three domains aimed at assessing the sociodemographic features and use of CAM and factors associated with the use among the respondents. A total of 414 responses were collected from adults residing in Ajman, UAE, who consented to participate in the study. A chi-square test was performed on Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 27.0, Armonk, NY) to assess the association between the use of CAM and factors. Statistical significance was set to p ≤ 0.05. Results: Out of 414 participants in the study, 57% of the participants used CAM before, while 43% of the participants never used CAM. Among the CAM users, 23% used it for anxiety and stress, 7.6% utilized it for the management of hypertension, 3.3% used it for high cholesterol, 3.1% for obesity, 1.9% for chronic kidney disease, 0.9% used it for diabetes mellitus, 0.5% used it for stroke, and 0.5% used it for heart failure. Conclusions: From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the majority (57%) of the participants have used CAM before. Most of the participants utilized CAM to manage chronic conditions (81.9%).
Outstanding Electrochemical Performance of Ni-Rich Concentration-Gradient Cathode Material LiNi0.9Co0.083Mn0.017O2 for Lithium-Ion Batteries

The full-concentrationgradient LiNi0.9Co0. 083Mn0.017O2 (CG-LNCM), consisting of core Ni-rich LiNi0.93Co0. 07O2, transition zone LiNi1−x−yCoxMnyO2, and outmost shell LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 was prepared by a facile co-precipitation method and high-temperature calcination. CG-LNCM was then investigated with an X-ray diffractometer, ascanning electron microscope, a transmission electron microscope, and electrochemical measurements. The results demonstrate that CG-LNCM has a lower cation mixing of Li+ and Ni2+ and larger Li+ diffusion coefficients than concentration-constant LiNi0.9Co0. 083Mn0.017O2 (CC-LNCM). CG-LNCM presents a higher capacity and a better rate of capability and cyclability than CC-LNCM. CG-LNCM and CC-LNCM show initial discharge capacities of 221.2 and 212.5 mAh g−1 at 0.2C (40 mA g−1) with corresponding residual discharge capacities of 177.3 and 156.1 mAh g−1 after 80 cycles, respectively. Even at high current rates of 2C and 5C, CG-LNCM exhibits high discharge capacities of 165.1 and 149.1 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles, respectively, while the residual discharge capacities of CC-LNCM are as low as 148.8 and 117.9 mAh g−1 at 2C and 5C after 100 cycles, respectively. The significantly improved electrochemical performance of CG-LNCM is attributed to its concentration-gradient microstructure and the composition distribution of concentration-gradient LiNi0.9Co0. 083Mn0.017O2. The special concentration-gradient design and the facile synthesis are favorable for massive manufacturing of high-performance Ni-rich ternary cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.
Influence of FFF Process Conditions on the Thermal, Mechanical, and Rheological Properties of Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxy Hexanoate)

Polyhydroxyalkanoates are natural polyesters synthesized by microorganisms and bacteria. Due to their properties, they have been proposed as substitutes for petroleum derivatives. This work studies how the printing conditions employed in fuse filament fabrication (FFF) affect the properties of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxy hexanoate) or PHBH. Firstly, rheological results predicted the printability of PHBH, which was successfully realized. Unlike what usually happens in FFF manufacturing or several semi-crystalline polymers, it was observed that the crystallization of PHBH occurs isothermally after deposition on the bed and not during the non-isothermal cooling stage, according to calorimetric measurements. A computational simulation of the temperature profile during the printing process was conducted to confirm this behavior, and the results support this hypothesis. Through the analysis of mechanical properties, it was shown that the nozzle and bed temperature increase improved the mechanical properties, reducing the void formation and improving interlayer adhesion, as shown by SEM. Intermediate printing velocities produced the best mechanical properties.
Data mining algorithm based on particle swarm optimized K-means

To improve the clustering accuracy of massive data, a particle swarm optimized K-means is proposed. High operating efficiency and fast convergence speed are the advantages of K-means, but it is sensitive to the initial clustering center and easy to fall into the local optimal solution. Particle swarm optimization is used to optimize the initial clustering center to improve the clustering accuracy of K-means algorithm. The validity and reliability of particle swarm optimization K-means algorithm are verified by the clustering comparison of UCI data sets.
Specific Binding Ratio Estimation of [123I]-FP-CIT SPECT Using Frontal Projection Image and Machine Learning

This study aimed to develop a new convolutional neural network (CNN) method for estimating the specific binding ratio (SBR) from only frontal projection images in single-photon emission-computed tomography using [123I]ioflupane. We created five datasets to train two CNNs, LeNet and AlexNet: (1) 128FOV used a 0° projection image without preprocessing, (2) 40FOV used 0° projection images cropped to 40 × 40 pixels centered on the striatum, (3) 40FOV training data doubled by data augmentation (40FOV_DA, left-right reversal only), (4) 40FOVhalf, and (5) 40FOV_DAhalf, split into left and right (20 × 40) images of 40FOV and 40FOV_DA to separately evaluate the left and right SBR. The accuracy of the SBR estimation was assessed using the mean absolute error, root mean squared error, correlation coefficient, and slope. The 128FOV dataset had significantly larger absolute errors compared to all other datasets (p < 0. 05). The best correlation coefficient between the SBRs using SPECT images and those estimated from frontal projection images alone was 0.87. Clinical use of the new CNN method in this study was feasible for estimating the SBR with a small error rate using only the frontal projection images collected in a short time.
String Theory and the Quark-Gluon Plasma at RHIC

This paper is an introduction to some recent correspondences between string theory and relativistic heavy ion collisions, centering around the quark-gluon plasma. It first presents an overview of the RHIC collider, the physics of relativistic heavy ion collisions, and the QGP. Afterwards, it describes some basic principles of string theory and the AdS/CFT duality between N = 4 super-Yang-Mills theory and string theory. This background information is then used to present an explanation of jet quenching in RHIC collisions, along with the calculation, using string theory, of the drag force on a quark in the QGP. The conclusion explores the question of whether string theory can provide useful simplifications of QCD, the established theory of strong interactions, in analyzing the quark-gluon plasma and related RHIC phenomena.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON HYPERTENSION SELF-MANAGEMENT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Hypertension is a non-communicable disease characterized by high blood pressure at rest, systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg, and diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg and above and repeated measurements have been made a maximum of 2-3 times. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of social media on hypertension self-management. This study is a systematic journal using the preferred item reporting method for systematic and meta-analysis (PRISMA) using 459 articles from an online database. The databases used in the library search were Scopus, Sage, Pubmed, Proquest, and Worldcat from 2018-2022. Based on the inclusion and exclusion characteristics, there were 8 out of 459 articles that met the inclusion criteria, and were selected for in-depth analysis. Information through social media has an impact on hypertension self-management. Suggestions for further researchers to be able to more broadly examine the effectiveness of social media on self-management of hypertension, especially in the elderly in Indonesia, as well as researchers hope that doctors and nurses can develop educational programs for patients to support self-management behavior of patients with chronic diseases who use social media, by The goal is to make it easier to convey messages or information. Keywords: Social Media, Self Management, Hypertension, Good Health
WITH A CYLINDER

e scheme of first order of accuracy was used to study the pressure field, and the results were presented in the form of isolines for M 2 = 0.21, 0.5, 0.8, 1.51 (P21 = 1"35-3"75)" A second-order scheme was used in (i, 9) to obtain results in the range P21 ~ 1.5-100. The known experimental and theoretical results were compared and the transition from reg- ular to Maeh reflection considered. Some results (P21 = 1.13-7.78) are given in (I0), in which a solution was obtained, as in (8), by Godunov's method. A method of integral rela- tions was used in (2), in which discontinuities were separated in the calculation of the diffraction. i. The numerical method described in detail in (i) was used to study cases with very
Prior Case Retrieval for the Court of Cassation of Turkey

This work introduces the first prior case retrieval models for Turkish courts. We investigated the rulings of the Court of Cassation of Turkey. Since law professionals have to find texts they are interested in from enormous legal databases and computers can process large amounts of text swiftly, information retrieval algorithms are helpful for law professionals. The information retrieval algorithms utilized in this work are recurrent neural network autoencoders, and the combinations of recurrent neural network autoencoders with BM25 algorithms. The combination of the long-short term memory autoencoder with ATIRE BM25 achieves the best scores on our dataset.
Design and fabrication of the power generation floor based on the mechanical conversion method

With the rapid development of the world economy today, energy consumption is enormous, and non-renewable energy sources, such as oil and coal, are increasingly depleted. New energy development has become a hot topic in the world today. The energy has been stretched out, which has worsened the situation. As a convenient energy source with a vary wide use area, electricity is also in short supply. This paper studies the power generation floor, which depends on the exercises in the park to generate electricity for the park system and use the generated electricity to ensure the power supply for the street lights and landscapes in the park. Moreover, every ten steps can collect enough power and make the small bulb light up.
Langevin Monte Carlo with SPSA-approximated Gradients

In sampling problems, gradient-based sampling schemes, like Langevin Monte Carlo (LMC), are widely used due to the short burn-in process compared with non-gradient-based sampling methods like the Metropolis-Hastings method. On the other hand, the application of LMC is limited to whether the gradients are accessible. To extend the application scenario of LMC, we propose a sampling algorithm LMC-SPSA. The method approximates the gradients of the target log density and applies the approximated gradients in Langevin Monte Carlo. We prove the convergence in distribution of LMC-SPSA by proving the Wasserstein distance converging to zero. Numerical experiments are conducted to verify the performance of LMC-SPSA.
The Effect of Noise Exposure on High-Frequency Hearing Loss among Chinese Workers: A Meta-Analysis

The purpose of this study was to determine the burden of high frequency noise-induced hearing loss (HFNIHL) in Chinese workers exposed to hazardous noise through meta-analysis, to evaluate the major risk factors of HFNIHL in Chinese workers, and to provide evidence for reducing the risk of HFNIHL. We searched for relevant studies on HFNIHL published between January 1990 and June 2022. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established to screen the literature, and the quality of the studies was assessed. Meta-analysis was performed using the software Stata 17.0. A total of 39 studies involving 50,526 workers in different industries were included in this study. The incidence of HFNIHL in the noise-exposed group (36.6%) was higher than that in the control group (12.5%), with a pooled odds ratio (OR) of 5.16 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 4.10–6.49. Sensitivity analysis showed that the results of this meta-analysis were stable. Funnel plots and Egger’s test showed no publication bias. Subgroup analysis showed heterogeneity among the results of different studies, which was related to gender, publication year, age, length of work, and type of industry. The dose–response analysis showed that cumulative noise exposure (CNE) and length of work were the main risk factors for HFNIHL. This study suggests that the detection rate of HFNIHL is high in Chinese workers, the risk of HFNIHL increases rapidly when CNE reaches 90 dB(A)·year, and the first 15 years of exposure to noise is a period of increasing risk. Therefore, reasonable measures for preventing hearing loss should be taken to reduce the risk of occupational HFNIHL.