Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bernstein–Sato polynomial versus cohomology of the Milnor fiber for generic hyperplane arrangements

Let $Q\in{\mathbb C}[x_1,\dotsc,x_n]$ be a homogeneous polynomial of degree $k>0$. We establish a connection between the Bernstein–Sato polynomial $b_Q(s)$ and the degrees of the generators for the top cohomology of the associated Milnor fiber. In particular, the integer $u_Q={\rm max}\{i\in{\mathbb Z}:b_Q(-(i+n)/k)=0\}$ bounds the top degree (as differential form) of the elements in $H^{n-1}_{\rm DR}(Q^{-1}(1),{\mathbb C})$. The link is provided by the relative de Rham complex and ${\mathcal D}$-module algorithms for computing integration functors. As an application we determine the Bernstein–Sato polynomial $b_Q(s)$ of a generic central arrangement $Q=\prod_{i=1}^kH_i$ of hyperplanes. In turn, we obtain information about the cohomology of the Milnor fiber of such arrangements related to results of Orlik and Randell who investigated the monodromy. We also introduce certain subschemes of the arrangement determined by the roots of $b_Q(s)$. They appear to correspond to iterated singular loci.
Characteristics of Wheelchair Basketball Falls During the Tokyo 2020 Paralympics by Sex and Physical Impairment Classification

Objective The aim of the study is to evaluate the fall characteristics of wheelchair basketball players by sex and impairment classification using the official videos of the Tokyo 2020 Summer Paralympic Games. Design This was a video-based observational study. In total, 42 men’s and 31 women’s wheelchair basketball game videos were obtained from the official International Paralympic Committee. The videos were analyzed to assess the number of falls, playing time of the fall, playing phase, contact, foul judgment, fall location/direction, and the body part that first impacted the floor. Results A total of 1269 falls (men, n = 944; and women, n = 325) occurred. The analysis of men demonstrated significant differences in rounds, playing phase, location of fall, and body part first impacted. Women demonstrated significant differences in all categories except in rounds. Comparisons by functional impairment showed different trends for men and women. Conclusions The detailed observation of videos suggested that men are more likely to have dangerous falls. There is a necessity for discuss the prevention measures based on sex and impairment classification.
From Strange Stars to Strange Dwarfs

We determine all possible equilibrium sequences of compact strange-matter stars with nuclear crusts, which range from massive strange stars to strange white dwarf{endash}like objects (strange dwarfs). The properties of such stars are compared with those of their nonstrange counterparts{emdash}neutron stars and ordinary white dwarfs. The main emphasis of this paper is on strange dwarfs, which we divide into two distinct categories. The first one consists of a core of strange matter enveloped within ordinary white dwarf matter. Such stars are hydrostatically stable with or without the strange core and are therefore referred to as {open_quote}{open_quote}trivial{close_quote}{close_quote} strange dwarfs. This is different for the second category which forms an entirely new class of dwarf stars that contain nuclear material up to 4{times}10{sup 4} times denser than in ordinary white dwarfs of average mass, {ital M}{approximately}0.6 {ital M}{sub {circle_dot}}, and still about 400 times denser than in the densest white dwarfs. The entire family of such dwarfs, denoted {ital dense strange dwarfs}, owes its hydrostatic stability to the strange core. A striking features of strange dwarfs is that the entire sequence from the maximum-mass strange star to the maximum-mass strange dwarf is stable to radial oscillations. The minimum-mass star is only conditionally stable,more » and the sequences on both sides are stable. Such a stable, continuous connection does not exist between ordinary white dwarfs and neutron stars, which are known to be separated by a broad range of unstable stars. We find an expansive range of very low mass (planetary-like) strange-matter stars (masses even below 10{sup {minus}4} {ital M}{sub {circle_dot}} are possible) that arise as natural dark-matter candidates, which if abundant enough in our Galaxy, should be seen in the gravitational microlensing searches that are presently being performed. {copyright} {ital 1995 The American Astronomical Society. }« less
Dietary butyrate ameliorates metabolic health associated with selective proliferation of gut Lachnospiraceae bacterium 28-4

Short-chain fatty acids, including butyrate, have multiple metabolic benefits in individuals who are lean but not in individuals with metabolic syndrome, with the underlying mechanisms still being unclear. We aimed to investigate the role of gut microbiota in the induction of metabolic benefits of dietary butyrate. We performed antibiotic-induced microbiota depletion of the gut and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, a well-established translational model for developing human-like metabolic syndrome, and revealed that dietary butyrate reduced appetite and ameliorated high-fat diet–induced (HFD-induced) weight gain dependent on the presence of gut microbiota. FMT from butyrate-treated lean donor mice, but not butyrate-treated obese donor mice, into gut microbiota–depleted recipient mice reduced food intake, attenuated HFD-induced weight gain, and improved insulin resistance. 16S rRNA and metagenomic sequencing on cecal bacterial DNA of recipient mice implied that these effects were accompanied by the selective proliferation of Lachnospiraceae bacterium 28-4 in the gut as induced by butyrate. Collectively, our findings reveal a crucial role of gut microbiota in the beneficial metabolic effects of dietary butyrate as strongly associated with the abundance of Lachnospiraceae bacterium 28-4.
Programming Models for Facility Dispersion: The p‐Dispersion and Maxisum Dispersion Problems

The p-dispersion problem is to locate p facilities on a network so that the minimum separation distance between any pair of open facilities is maximized. This problem is applicable to facilities that pose a threat to each other and to systems of retail or service franchises. In both of these applications, facilities should be as far away from the closest other facility as possible. A mixed-integer program is formulated that relies on reversing the value of the 0–1 location variables in the distance constraints so that only the distance between pairs of open facilities constrain the maximization. A related problem, the maxisum dispersion problem, which aims to maximize the average separation distance between open facilities, is also formulated and solved. Computational results for both models for locating 5 and 10 facilities on a network of 25 nodes are presented, along with a multicriteria approach combining the dispersion and maxisum problems. The p -dispersion problem has a weak duality relationship with the (p-1)-center problem in that one-half the maximin distance in the p-dispersion problem is a lower bound for the minimax distance in the center problem for (p-1) facilities. Since the p-center problem is often solved via a series of set-covering problems, the p-dispersion problem may prove useful for finding a starting distance for the series of covering problems.
The SETPACE Trial

Objective The aim of the study is to investigate the association between patient self-efficacy, impression of exercise education, and physical activity among stroke survivors. We hypothesized that low self-efficacy and/or poor impressions of exercise education after stroke would be associated with reduced exercise participation. Design This is a cross-sectional investigation of patients’ poststroke with physical activity as the primary outcome variable. Physical activity was measured with the Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities. Self-efficacy was measured with the Self-Efficacy for Exercise questionnaire. Impression of exercise education measured by the Exercise Impression Questionnaire. Results There was a low but significant correlation between Self-Efficacy for Exercise questionnaire and Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities (r (66) = 0.272, P = 0.012). There was an insignificant correlation between Exercise Impression Questionnaire and Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities (r (66) = 0.174, P = 0.078). There was a low but significant correlation between age and Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities (r (66) = −0.269, P = 0.013). There was no correlation between sex and Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities (r (66) = 0.051, P = 0.339). Age, sex, Exercise Impression Questionnaire, and Self-Efficacy for Exercise questionnaire predict 17.1% of Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities variance (R2 = 0.171). Conclusion Self-efficacy was the strongest predictor of physical activity participation. There was a lack of association between the impressions of exercise education and physical activity. Addressing patient confidence to complete exercise has the potential to improve exercise participation in patients after stroke.
BPS Wilson loops on Hyperbolic space

We study a family of BPS Wilson loops in N = 4 ? > Supersymmetric Yang–Mills (SYM) theory that is defined on the hyperbolic H 3 ? > subspace of Minkowski space R 1 , 3 ? > . More precisely, we compute perturbatively the expectation value (VEV) of certain 1/8 BPS operators supported on loops with compact shapes that lie on H 2 ⊂ H 3 ? > . An agreement with the VEV of the analogous observables in the zero instanton sector of YM2 on H 2 ? > has been found.
Developmental factors influencing bone strength in precocial mammals: An infant pig model

Most vertebrates are precocial in locomotion, able to walk and run soon after birth. Precociality requires a bony skeleton of sufficient strength to resist mechanical loading during early locomotor efforts. The aim of this study was to use an animal model—the preterm infant pig—to investigate some of the proximate factors that might determine variation in bone strength in precocial animals. Based on the prior literature, we tested the null predictions that skeletal integrity would be significantly compromised by truncated gestation (i.e., preterm birth) and reduced body mass at birth. We generated a suite of both morphometric measures (tissue mineral density and cross‐sectional geometry) and performance‐related metrics (ability to resist loading, deformation, and fracture during three‐point bending tests) of the appendicular skeleton of preterm and full‐term infant pigs. Results showed that very few measures in our ontogenetic infant pig sample significantly varied with either gestation length or birth mass. Overall, our results contribute to a growing body of literature demonstrating the early functional capacity of the precocial infant musculoskeletal system and suggest that bone strength in perinatal precocial mammals may be robust to the factors shown to compromise skeletal integrity in more altricial taxa.
Resonance theory of elastic shear‐wave scattering from spherical fluid obstacles in solids

The vector potential for an arbitrarily polarized shear wave in an elastic (lossless) medium incident on, and scattered by, a spherical fluid occlusion is expanded in vector spherical harmonics. The boundary conditions are dealt with for this incident vector potential in terms of two (scalar) Debye shear potentials ψ and χ giving rise to what we have termed ’’s and t waves,’’ respectively. The s wave scatters into both another s wave and also mode‐converts into a compressional p wave. The t wave scatters only into another t wave with no mode conversion. Scattering amplitudes are cast in a series of resonance terms. The scattered p and s waves exhibit resonances; however, the t wave does not. We exhibit monostatic and bistatic plots of the first few partial‐wave amplitudes (n=1,2,3,.) for the sp, ss, and tt scattering modes. When the background amplitude corresponding to scattering from an evacuated spherical cavity is removed from each partial‐wave contribution, the remaining portion of the amplitudes i.
Experimental study of the hard x-ray emissions in a plasma focus of hundreds of Joules

An experimental study on hard x-ray production in a small plasma focus device operating in a few hundreds of Joule range is presented. A threshold in the voltage drop on the pinch was observed for x-ray emission. A comparison with Dreicer theory for electrons runaway in plasmas yields significant agreement. The study was performed at a constant pressure (1.8 mbar) of deuterium with three different anode lengths.
Total Hip Arthroplasty in the Nonparalytic Limb of Residual Poliomyelitis Patients: A Propensity Score Matched Study

Poliomyelitis is a rare neuromuscular disease that can cause hip osteoarthritis on the contralateral side due to an abnormal mechanical weight‐bearing state, making some residual poliomyelitis patients candidates for total hip arthroplasty (THA). The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical outcome of THA in the nonparalytic limbs of these patients compared with those of non‐poliomyelitis patients.
Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 gene expression positivity determined by silver in situ hybridization/immunohistochemistry methods and associated factors in a cohort of Sri Lankan patients with gastric adenocarcinoma: a prospective study

Objective Positive human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) expression and its predictive clinicopathological features remain unclear in Sri Lankan gastric cancer (GC) patients. Here, we aimed to determine GC HER2 status predictors by analyzing associations between clinicopathological features and HER2 expression using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and silver in situ hybridization (SISH). Methods During this 4-year prospective study, clinicopathological data were collected from participants in the National Hospital of Sri Lanka. HER2 IHC and SISH were performed using commercial reagents. Using chi-square tests, associations of HER2-IHC/SISH with clinicopathological features were analyzed. Results Overall, 145 GC patients were included, 69 had gastrectomies and 76 had biopsies. Positive HER2 expression by IHC was associated with age <60 years, high T stage (assessed pathologically in resections and radiologically in biopsies), high nuclear grade, tumor necrosis, mitosis >5/high-power field, with additional perineural invasion and lymphovascular invasion in resections. These features, excluding lymphovascular invasion but including male sex, were associated with HER2 expression by SISH. Conclusions Age <60 years, high nuclear grade, tumor necrosis, and perineural invasion are associated factors of HER2 status. These could be used to triage GC patients for HER2 status testing in limited resource settings where IHC/SISH analysis is costly.
Measurement of rotating flux in silicon iron laminations

A method of calculating the magnitude and direction of the instantaneous flux density in a thin lamination of magnetic material is described. The technique was demonstrated by measuring the rotating flux in samples of mild steel, grain-oriented silicon iron, and at a point in the T-joint of a three-phase, three-limbed transformer core. The flux in the mild steel sample was found to rotate at a constant angular velocity and to be constant in magnitude. In the silicon iron sample, and at a point in the T-joint, the flux density varied both in angular velocity and magnitude. A large 150 Hz component of rotational flux was found to cause high localized power loss in the T-joint. The power loss was measured using the "initial rate of rise of temperature method" and was compared with the predicted rotational hysteresis loss.
Effects of Taekwondo and Walking Exercises on the Double-Leg Balance Control of Elderly Females

The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the effect of twelve-week Taekwondo and walking exercises on the double-leg balance control by dividing elderly females into Taekwondo, walking exercise and control groups. In total, 30 elderly females were randomly divided into Taekwondo, walking exercise, and control groups, with 10 subjects in each group. Subjects participating in this study were 10(age years), 10(age years) and 10(age years) in the three groups, respectively. Although the AP measures were not significantly different among the groups and times, the ML RMS distance and ML velocity, among the ML measures showed a significant difference among the groups and times. Average velocity and 95% confidence ellipse area were also significantly different among the groups and times. Twelve-week Taekwondo and walking exercises were found to be effective in improving static balance control. Future studies on the development of a Taekwondo intervention program tailored for the elderly with many subjects conducted by using a long-term training program are expected.
Synthesis and operation of an FFT-decoupled fixed-order reversed-field pinch plasma control system based on identification data

Recent developments and applications of system identification methods for the reversed-field pinch (RFP) machine EXTRAP T2R have yielded plasma response parameters for decoupled dynamics. These data sets are fundamental for a real-time implementable fast Fourier transform (FFT) decoupled discrete-time fixed-order strongly stabilizing synthesis as described in this work. Robustness is assessed over the data set by bootstrap calculation of the sensitivity transfer function worst-case -gain distribution. Output tracking and magnetohydrodynamic mode m = 1 tracking are considered in the same framework simply as two distinct weighted traces of a performance channel output-covariance matrix as derived from the closed-loop discrete-time Lyapunov equation. The behaviour of the resulting multivariable controller is investigated with dedicated T2R experiments.
GIGANTEA-ENHANCED EM LEVEL complex initiates drought escape response via dual function of ABA synthesis and flowering promotion

ABSTRACT Plants use the regulation of their circadian clock to adapt to daily environmental challenges, particularly water scarcity. During drought, plants accelerate flowering through a process called drought escape (DE) response, which is promoted by the circadian clock component GIGANTEA (GI). GI up-regulates the flowering inducer gene FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). Phytohormone Abscisic acid (ABA) is also required for drought escape, and both GIGANTEA and Abscisic acid are interdependent in the transition. Recent research has revealed a new mechanism by which GIGANTEA and the protein ENHANCED EM LEVEL form a heterodimer complex that turns on ABA biosynthesis during drought stress by regulating the transcription of 9-CIS-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE 3 (NCED3). This highlights the close connection between the circadian clock and ABA regulation and reveals a new adaptive strategy for plants to cope with drought and initiates the DE response.
Developing an Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS) for Microlaryngoscopy

Microlaryngoscopy is a basic technical skill in Oto‐HNS. It is essential for residency programs to have a competency‐based assessment tool to evaluate residents' performance of this procedure. An Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS) is a procedure‐specific assessment, which consists of the following: (a) Operation‐Specific Checklist and (b) Global Rating Scale (GRS).
Changing the values of parameters on lot size reorder point model

The Just-In-Time (JIT) philosophy has received a great deal of attention. Several actions such as improving quality, reducing setup cost and shortening lead time have been recognized as effective ways to achieve the underlying goal of JIT. This paper considers the partial backorders, lot size reorder point inventory system with an imperfect production process. The objective is to simultaneously optimize the lot size, reorder point, process quality, setup cost and lead time, constrained on a service level. We assume the explicit distributional form of lead time demand is unknown but the mean and standard deviation are given. The minimax distribution free approach is utilized to solve the problem and a numerical example is provided to illustrate the results.
Finite-size effects on acoustic phonons in GaAs/AlAs superlattices

We present a detailed study of the Raman-scattering spectra by acoustical phonons in finite-size GaAs/AlAs superlattices. The scattering geometry relies on an optical microcavity to enhance the Raman efficiency and to access the ${q}_{z}=0$ forward-scattering contribution. The results are analyzed using a photoelastic model for the Raman efficiency, which takes into account the superlattices finite size, the cavity confined optical field, and the acoustical-phonon displacements including the elastic modulation. The latter are derived from a matrix method implementation of the elastic continuum model for the complex layered structure. The calculations provide a complete description of the main experimental results that include: (i) the observation of low-energy oscillations, (ii) the presence of three main Raman lines in the first folded-phonon spectral region, (iii) the broadening of the Raman peaks, and (iv) the spectral shift of the lines with respect to the infinite superlattice. In addition, the observed asymmetry of the main central peak is understood as due to a ${q}_{z}$-nonconservation induced violation of the expected center-zone Raman selection rule. Besides providing a clear observation of the finite-size effects on superlattice acoustical phonons, the reported results demonstrate the use of microcavity geometries to access center-zone minigap excitation in layered structures.
Conjugate flows and flat solitary waves for a continuously stratified fluid

The concept of conjugate flows is used to determine the vertical structure of solitary internal waves which are horizontally uniform in their center. Continuously stratified fluids are considered and solutions obtained with and without the Boussinesq approximation are compared. Only mode-1 waves are considered. For stratifications with a single pycnocline, conjugate flow solutions are obtained provided the pycnocline is not too close to the upper or lower boundaries. The parallel shear flow in the center of a flat solitary wave is potentially unstable (minimum Richardson number less than 1/4) if the upstream pycnocline is sufficiently narrow. For stratifications with two pycnoclines, cases with three mode-1 conjugate flow solutions have been found. Some conjugate flow solutions for the two-pycnocline case do not seem to correspond to a flat solitary wave. Non-Boussinesq effects were found to be small if the surface to bottom density difference is about 4% for stratifications with one or two pycnoclines.
Higher mortality among lean patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease despite fewer metabolic comorbidities

Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can develop in individuals who are not overweight. Whether lean persons with NAFLD have lower mortality and lower incidence of cirrhosis, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), diabetes mellitus (DM) and cancer than overweight/obese persons with NAFLD remains inconclusive. We compared mortality and incidence of cirrhosis, CVD, DM and cancer between lean versus non‐lean persons with NAFLD.