Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nitric Oxide-Mediated Inhibition of Cytochrome P450 by Interferon- (cid:103) in Human Hepatocytes 1

The role of nitric oxide in the inhibition of the cytochrome P450 system produced by interferon- (cid:103) in human hepatocytes has been examined. Nitric oxide exogenously released from S- nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine produced a dose-dependent decrease in cytochrome P4501A2 activity, assessed as 7-ethoxy resorufin O-deethylation. After 24 hr of treatment with 300 U/ml interferon- (cid:103) , a rise in nitric oxide release (200% over control cells) and a parallel inhibition in 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity (50% of control) were observed in human hepatocytes. This inhibition was concentration-dependently prevented by N G -monomethyl- L -arginine, a competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide biosynthesis. Comparable results were observed for cyto- chrome P4502A6 (7-coumarin hydroxylation), 2B6 (7-benzo-xyresorufin O-dealkylation) and 3A4 (testosterone 6 (cid:98) -hydroxylation) activities. Decreases in CYP1A2 activity found after exposure of 3-methylcholanthrene-treated hepatocytes to interferon- (cid:103) were also reversed in the presence of N G -mono-methyl- L -arginine. Down-regulation of cytochrome P4501A2 and 3A4 expression by interferon- (cid:103) was observed in parallel. This study suggests that at least some of the interferon- (cid:103) effects on human hepatocyte cytochrome RT-PCR, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction; SNAP, S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine; 6 (cid:98) -OHT, testosterone 6 (cid:98) hydroxylase.
On the role of neuronal oscillations in auditory cortical processing

ON THE ROLE OF NEURONAL OSCILLATIONS IN AUDITORY CORTICAL PROCESSING Monica Noelle O’Connell Adviser: Charles E. Schroeder, Ph.D. Although it has been over 100 years since William James stated that “everyone knows what attention is”, its underlying neural mechanisms are still being debated today. The goal of this research was to describe the physiological mechanisms of auditory attention using direct electrophysiological recordings in macaque primary auditory cortex (A1). A major focus of my research was on the role ongoing neuronal oscillations play in attentional modulation of auditory responses in A1. For all studies, laminar profiles of synaptic activity, (indexed by current source density analysis) and concomitant firing patterns in local neurons (multiunit activity) were acquired simultaneously via linear array multielectrodes positioned in A1. The initial study of this dissertation examined the contribution of ongoing oscillatory activity to excitatory and inhibitory responses in A1 in passive (no task) conditions. Next, the function of ongoing oscillations in modulating the frequency tuning of A1 during an intermodal selective attention oddball task was investigated. The last study was aimed at establishing whether there is a hemispheric asymmetry in the way neuronal oscillations are utilized by attention, corresponding to that noted in humans. The results of the first study indicate that in passive conditions, ongoing oscillations reset by stimulus related inputs modulate both excitatory and inhibitory components of local neuronal ensemble responses in A1. The second set of experiments demonstrates that this mechanism is utilized by attention to modulate and sharpen frequency tuning. Finally, we show that as in humans, there appears to be a specialization of left A1 for temporal processing, as signified by greater temporal precision of neuronal oscillatory alignment. Taken together these results underline the importance of neuronal oscillations in perceptual processes, and the validity of the macaque monkey as a model of human auditory processing.
Long-Term Prognosis After Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring Among Low-Intermediate Risk Women and Men Epidemiology

analysis was calculated. There were 1072 women who were older (55.6 years) when compared with the 1291 men (46.7 years; P <0.0001), resulting in a greater prevalence and extent of CAC; 18.8% of women and 15.1% of men had a CAC score ≥ 100 ( P =0.029). This older group of women had a 1.44-fold higher 15-year adjusted mortality hazard when compared with men ( P =0.022). For women, the 15-year mortality ranged from 5.0% for those with a CAC score of 0 to 23.5% for those with a CAC score ≥ 400 ( P <0.001). For men, the 15-year mortality ranged from 3.5% for those with a CAC score of 0 to 18.0% for those with a CAC score ≥ 400 ( P <0.001). Women with CAC scores >10 had a higher mortality risk when compared with men. 16 degrees of freedom in the multivariable models. The proportional hazards assumption was met for all Cox models. For each of the models, goodness of fit statistics were not sta- tistically significant. Moreover, we calculated the net reclassification improvement of a model, including cardiac risk factors and the added contribution of CAC to a second model using the methods described by Pencina et al 16 for time to death. including those with an intermediate Framingham risk score (FRS). Given the limitations of the use of global risk scores among women, some have proposed expanding the inclusion criteria for women to those at lower risk with an estimated 10-year risk of 6% to 9.9%. The goal of the current analysis was to determine the long-term prognostic use of coronary artery calcium in a cohort of 2363 asymptomatic women and men with a low-intermediate FRS (10-year predicted risk of coronary heart disease between 6% and 9.9%). Our findings extend previous work that coronary artery calcium effectively identifies high-risk women with a low-intermediate risk factor burden. These data require validation in external cohorts but lend credence to the use of coronary artery calcium in women to improve risk detection algorithms that are currently based on traditional risk factors.
Information Flow Optimization in Augmented Reality Systems for Production & Manufacturing

: As a part of our research to optimize the collaborative work and factories of the future, augmenting human abilities and skills, and enabling collaborative automation, we have designed a framework which optimizes augmented reality (AR) systems in production and manufacturing. This framework consists of protocols and modules that control the flow of information delivered to and from workers. The protocol to which most of this article is dedicated is a HUB-CI (hub for collaborative intelligence) protocol that prioritizes and selects the most relevant information to a worker’s unique characteristics and current activity. Since 2008, different types of HUB-CI models have been developed, implemented, and refined by the PRISM Center at Purdue University. In general, HUB-CI serves as a cyber-collaborative controller distributed in a system’s control points, where material, data, information, and decision flows converge and must be distributed to points of use. We call such control points Flow Junctions (FJ) . A FJ is defined within this framework and the HUB-CI protocol designed for it is evaluated in a simulation model of a manufacturing assembly task.
Numerov numerical method applied to the Schr\"odinger equation

In this paper it is shown how to solve numerically eigenvalue problems associated to second order linear ordinary differential equations, containing also terms which depend on the variable. A didactic presentation of the Numerov Method is given and, in the sequel, it is applied to two quantum non-relativistic problems with well known analytical solutions: the simple harmonic oscillator and the hydrogen atom. The numerical results are compared to those obtained analytically.
Stem Cell Repor ts RAD51 Is a Selective DNA Repair Target to Radiosensitize Glioma Stem Cells

SUMMARY Patients with glioblastoma die from local relapse despite surgery and high-dose radiotherapy. Resistance to radiotherapy is thought to be due to efﬁcient DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair in stem-like cells able to survive DNA damage and repopulate the tumor. We used clinical samples and patient-derived glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) to conﬁrm that the DSB repair protein RAD51 is highly expressed in GSCs,whichare relianton RAD51-dependent DSB repairafterradiation. RAD51 expressionand RAD51focinumbersfall when thesecells move toward astrocytic differentiation. In GSCs, the small-molecule RAD51 inhibitors RI-1 and B02 prevent RAD51 focus formation, reduce DNA DSB repair, and cause signiﬁcant radiosensitization. We further demonstrate that treatment with these agents combined with radiation promotes loss of stem cells deﬁned by SOX2 expression. This indicates that RAD51-dependent repair represents an effective and speciﬁc target in GSCs.
A Web service for executable research compendia enables reproducible publications and transparent reviews in geospatial sciences

The Executable Research Compendium (ERC) is a concept for packaging data, code, text, and user interface conﬁgurations in a single package to increase transparency, reproducibility, and reusability of computational research. This article introduces the ERC reproducibility service (ERS) for a publication workﬂow enhanced by ERCs. The ERS connects with existing scientiﬁc infrastructures and was deployed and tested with a focus on data and visualisation methods for open geospatial sciences. We describe the architecture of a reference implementation for the reproducibility service, including the created Web API. We critically discuss both the project set-up and features of ERC and ERS, and examine them in the light of various classiﬁcations for reproducible research. The ERC and ERS are found to be a powerful tool to improve reproducibility and thereby enable better investigating and understanding of computational workﬂows during peer review. We derive lessons learned and challenges for future scholarly publishing of computer-based geospatial research.
special communication Excitation wavelengths for fura 2 provide a linear relationship between [Ca 2 1 ] and ﬂuorescence ratio

Palmer, and Russell L. Moore. Excitation wavelengths for fura 2 provide a linear relationship between [Ca 2 1 ] and ﬂuorescence ratio. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 279: C1278–C1284, 2000. —We proposed and tested the use of nontraditional excitation wavelengths ( l 1 and l 2 ) and an emission wavelength ( l em ) to deﬁne conditions under which free calcium concentration and a ﬂuorescence ratio are linearly related. Fluorescence spectra were determined for aqueous solutions that contained 25 m M fura 2, 125 mM K 1 , and either 0 mM or 0.1 mM Ca 2 1 . Effectively linear relationships between [Ca 2 1 ] and a ﬂuorescence ratio, i.e., , 5% bias when [Ca 2 1 ] # 5 3 dissociation constant, were apparent when l 1 $ 400 nm, l 2 # 370 nm, and l em $ 510 nm. Combinations with longer l 1 and l em and/or with shorter l 2 reduced this bias further. Although the method described does not obviate the complications that surround the correc-tion for ﬂuorescence background, choosing a nontraditional combination of excitation and emission wavelengths offers several practical advantages over more traditional fura 2 ﬂuorescence methodologies in a variety of experimental set-tings. 6 KCl, 2 MgCl 2 , 1 EGTA, 10 glucose, 5 HEPES, and 2 pyruvate, pH 7.4. The superfusate was then switched to Ca 2 1 -free Tryode for 1 min, and a ﬂuorescence recording was taken as the background emission. Fluorescence intensities were taken to be the recorded emissions minus the respective wavelength background emissions.
NOTES ON THE SEPARABILITY OF $C$*-ALGEBRAS

It is well-known that any abelian C*-algebra can be identified, by Gelfand transform, as $C_0(\Omega)$. Here, the spectrum $\Omega$ is locally compact Hausdorff in general, and compact exactly when the algebra is unital. In this survey article, we collect some results about the relation between the metrizability of $\Omega$ and the separability of $C_0(\Omega)$. A brief discussion for the topological structure of the spectrum of a general separable C*-algebra $A$ is also given.
A Proposed Methodology to Mitigate the Ransomware Attack

Now a day’s network security becomes more important to organizations, government offices. With the fast advancement of the innovation, assaults throughout the years have turned out to be both progressively various and modern. Ransomware attack becomes one of the most popular weapons for network attackers that ransomware attack is increased rapidly year by year. The study shows that the ransomware attack is one of the top attacks that are most attacked malware by the attackers. In this paper, we focus on mitigation techniques that can be used to recover and mitigate the ransomware attack. The mitigation or recovery approach is very difficult as ransomware is depending upon cryptographic algorithms which are very difficult to crack.
Richter transformation in the era of novel agents

Recent approvals of several oral targeted agents have revolutionized chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) therapy. However, CLL patients continue to progress; particularly, 4% to 20% of previously treated CLL patients undergo transformation into high-grade lymphoma. Richter transformation is de ﬁ ned as a transformation of CLL into aggressive lymphoma, most commonly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. These patients typically have poor response to traditional chemotherapy used to treat de novo diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and similar or shorter overall survival (median 3-11 months) in the era of novel agents. Here, I review the contemporary literature on Richter transformation, particularly in the context of novel agents used in CLL, and discuss the management approach for these patients.
Design Patterns in Phylogenetics: Practical Tree Data Structures and Objects for Serialization

Phylogenetic trees are graph-like structures describing how biological units – species, molecular sequences, higher-level taxa – are related. Phylogenies are of interest in a number of fields of biology, for example to aid in comparative studies [15,21], for classification [11], for analyses of tree shape to infer macro-evolutionary processes [19,20,40] and so on. In a formal, graph theoretical context (see, e.g., [10]), phylogenetic trees are “connected, undirected, acyclic graphs”. These graphs can be binary resolved (“dyadic”) or unresolved (“multiway”). In a phylogenetic context, several meanings can be ascribed to an unresolved tree structure: it can mean that multiple, instantaneous speciation events are postulated, or that there is not enough evidence to resolve the structure further.
The Effect of Inhalation Treatment on Oxidative Stress in Asthmatic Patients

The present study was conducted to verify the oxidative stress status in asthma patients . To achieve this aim, ninty asthmatic patients, and thirty healthy subjects (control group) were subjected to the study the sample were obatained from Babylon Asthma and Allergy Center in Hilla City . showed The results of this study in asthmatic patients (men and menopause women ) with steroid inhalation treatment group when compared with control group showed a significant increase of Malondialdehyde (MDA) ,amd a significant decrease of super oxidase dismutase (SOD) and creatine kinase(CK) levels (P < 0.05 ) , wherease there was non significant increase in glutathione-S-transferase (GST), levels( P < 0.05) . The results of this study for asthmatic patients (men and menopause women ) with steroid inhalation treatment group when compared with asthmatic patients without treatment indicated a significant increasing levels of super oxidase dismutase (SOD) (SOD) , glutathione-S-transferase (GST) of men (P < 0.05) , whereas there was a non significant increase in levels of creatine kinase(CK), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) of menopause women(P<0.05) but there was significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. In asthmatic patients (men and menopause women ) without treatment group when compared with those of control group estimated significant decrease of super oxidase dismutase (SOD) (SOD) and creatine kinase(CK) level ( P < 0.05) , wherease there was a non significant increase in GST but there was a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels ,( P < 0.05) . The correlation analysis indicated a non significant negative correlation in period of treatment with superoxide dismutase (SOD) and creatine kinase(CK) , as well as a non significant positive correlation for glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) .
A modified Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm linking dynamic neighborhood topology to parallel computation

In this paper, a novel approach is considered, based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique, using two concepts: evolutionary neighborhood topology associated to parallel computation for complex optimization problems. The idea behind using dynamic neighborhood topology is to overcome premature convergence of PSO algorithm, by well exploring and exploiting the search space for a better solution quality. Parallel computation is used to accelerate calculations especially for complex optimization problems. The simulation results demonstrate good performance of the proposed algorithm in solving a series of significant benchmark test functions.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES FROM COLUTEA ARMATA AND ASSESSMENT OF INHIBITORY EFFECT ON THE GROWTH OF PYROFOMES DEMIDOFII And Of Inhibitory

Introduction : Nano biotechnology which involves modern research dealing with synthesis, strategy and manipulation of particles structure ranging from 1 to 100 nm in size. The silver at nano scale can be used in just about all fields, such as antimicrobial coating, ecological wellbeing, chemical industries, catalysis, drug delivery and bio sensing with tremendous unique and effective properties. Production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from plant is a more advantageous route of green synthesis, over chemical and physical scheme as it is cost effective and environment friendly. The resistant wood rotor pathogenic fungus Pyrofomes demidofii found on juniper trees in Juniper forest around the globe together with Pakistan. The fungus is environmental threat and white heart rot disease caused in tree trunks. Keeping in view the above facts, the present study was designed to investigate the synthesis of AgNPs through green route with plant extract Colutea Armata; assessment of inhibitory potential of AgNPs on growth of forest fungi Pyrofomes demidofii to adjoin innovative approach for ecological wellbeing. Materials and method : The synthesis of AgNPs was carried out through green route by utilization of methanolic extract of plant Colutea armata and 1mM solution of silver nitrate without addition of foreign stabilizing or capping agent. Assessment of inhibitory potential of plant extract and AgNPs on growth of fungi Pyrofomes demidofii was done using disk diffusion method. The manufactured AgNPs was characterized with UV-Vis spectroscopy, Infra red spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Atomic Force Microscopy. Results : The study revealed that during synthesis of AgNPs, Colutea Armata, plant extract found as an effective reducing engine for the reduction of silver ions of silver salt solution to zero valent silver at nano scale dimension due to having potential bio active metabolites. Characterization revealed the small, stable and spherical shaped AgNPs with poly dispersion regarding size. Plant metabolites polyphenols, carbohydrates and carboxylic acids were involved in reduction, stabilization and capping of AgNPs in synthesis. Moreover synthesized AgNPs were found effective antifungal agent against selected wood rotor fungus.
Real-Time PCR-Based Pathotyping of Newcastle Disease Virus by Use of TaqMan Minor Groove Binder Probes (cid:1)

A real-time reverse-transcription PCR was developed to detect and pathotype Newcastle disease viruses (NDV) in clinical samples. Degenerate oligonucleotide primers and TaqMan probes with nonﬂuorescent minor groove binder (MGB) quencher ampliﬁed and hybridized to a region in the fusion protein (F) gene that corresponds to the cleavage site of the F0 precursor, which is a key determinant of NDV pathogenicity. The application of degenerate primers and TaqMan MGB probes provided high speciﬁcity to the assay, as was shown by the successful and rapid pathotype determination of 39 NDV strains representing all the known genotypes (I to VIII) and pathotypes (lentogens/mesogens/velogens). The PCR assays speciﬁc for lentogenic and velogenic/mesogenic strains had high analytical sensitivity, detecting approximately 10 and 20 copies of the target molecule per reaction, respectively. The detection limit was also determined in terms of 50% egg infective dose (EID 50 ) by using dilution series of virus stock solutions to be approximately 10 1.0 and 10 (cid:1) 1.3 EID 50 /ml for lentogens and velogens/mesogens, respectively. Organ, swab, and stool specimens from experimentally infected animals were tested to prove the clinical suitability of the method. The results of this study suggest that the described real-time PCR assay has the potential to be used for the rapid detection/pathotyping of NDV isolates and qualitative/quantitative measurement of the virus load.
Variation of major nutrients in leaves and their correlation with sucking pests of cotton, Gossypium spp.

Thirteen hirsutum and two arboreum cultivars were studied with objectives to know the major nutrient variation in cotton leaves and their association with major sucking pests at Akola. The populations of sucking pests on per three leaves were recorded 45 and 60 days after emergence (DAE). The samples were collected 45 and 60 DAE for plant nutrient estimation. The major nutrients viz., nitrogen phosphorous, potassium were estimated by standard procedure. Highest nitrogen per cent was noted in RCH-2 Bt followed in BNBt, RCH-2; whereas, DHY-286 noted least nitrogen per cent. The utmost of phosphorous was in DHY-286 and minimum per cent phosphorous was in RCH-2 Bt; however, it was not affected significantly within BNBt, Bunny Bt, RCH-2, Bunny, KDCH-9632, NHH-44 Bt and KDCH-9632. The mean potassium ranged from 1.603 to 1.68 and 1.610 to 1.685 per cent, respectively 45 and 60 DAE. The aphids had non-significant correlation with nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium in cotton leaves. The leafhopper population had significant positive association with nitrogen; whereas, significant negative correlation with phosphorous. The thrips population was significantly and positively correlated with potassium; while, other nutrients had non-significant impact. The whitefly adult population was affected significantly by increased potassium in cotton leaves while the other constituents do not have any significant impact on whitefly population.
International Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences- ISSN (2522-6584) Sep & Oct 2021

Poliomyelitis is a serious health condition that can result in limb deformations, breathing difficulties, paralysis and even death. Although majority of the world’s countries have successfully eradicated polio, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Nigeria are still endemic to it. Today, Pakistan is recognized as the exporter of Wild Polio Virus (WPV) due to which World Health Organization (WHO) has imposed a travel ban on Pakistani citizens unless they receive a dose of oral polio vaccine (OPV) 1 to 12 months before international travel. In 2019, Pakistan reported 1125% increase in polio cases. By July 2020, the total number of reported WPV polio cases dropped to 60 whereas 47 cases of cVDPV2 polio were also reported from different provinces. Poor health systems, misconceptions regarding vaccine and socio-political insecurities have been the major challenges in eradicating polio from Pakistan. Low or delayed payments, lack of proper training, and attacks on polio workers have contributed more towards the spread of polio in certain areas of the country. Once eradicated, the world will expectedly generate around US$14 billion in cumulative cost saving by 2050. With strong commitment and good initiatives, we can expect to eradicate polio from the remaining countries soon.