Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Antiresorptive Drug Holidays on Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of discontinuing high-dose antiresorptive (AR) therapy in reducing the risk of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in patients treated with AR medications and undergoing dentoalveolar surgery or tooth extractions. The review was carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. A literature search was conducted using the databases MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) from inception till the 1st of April, 2022. Both observational and interventional studies that evaluated the effect of AR drug holiday in the development of MRONJ in patients receiving AR medications and who require dentoalveolar surgical procedures were included. Trials published as abstracts, case reports, case series, non-systematic reviews, and others were excluded. All findings were reported as odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used to evaluate the methodological quality assessment, and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) approach was used to evaluate the quality of the evidence. Eight articles (6808 subjects) were included for analysis. Of the participants, 4847 cases (drug holiday group) were compared to 1961 controls (non-drug holiday group). Based on the random effects model, the pooled summary OR was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.51-1.06) for the drug holiday group compared to the non-drug holiday group. In other words, the drug holiday group was not significantly different from the non-drug holiday group in the development of MRONJ following a tooth extraction procedure (p = 0.10). The statistical heterogeneity was low across all studies (I2 = 13%, p = 0.33). Within the limits of the available evidence, our findings revealed that drug holidays with AR will not minimize the risk of MRONJ and thus cannot be advised. It may be possible to arrive at more definitive conclusions from large prospective studies and randomized trials of good quality.
Density Spectrum in the Solar Wind Plasma

The density fluctuation spectrum in the solar wind reveals a Kolmogorov-like scaling with a spectral slope of -5/3 in wavenumber space. The energy transfer process in the magnetized solar wind, characterized typically by MHD turbulence, over extended length-scales remains an unresolved paradox of modern turbulence theories, raising the question of how a compressible magnetofluid exhibits a turbulent spectrum that is characteristic of an incompressible hydrodynamic fluid. To address these questions, we have undertaken three-dimensional time dependent numerical simulations of a compressible magnetohydrodynamic fluid describing super-Alfv\'enic, supersonic and strongly magnetized plasma fluid. It is shown that a Kolmogorov-like density spectrum can develop by plasma motions that are dominated by Alfv\'enic cascades whereas compressive modes are dissipated.
A Small Fullerene (C24) may be the Carrier of the 11.2 μm Unidentified Infrared Band

We analyze the spectrum of the 11.2 μm unidentified infrared band (UIR) from NGC 7027 and identify a small fullerene (C24) as a plausible carrier. The blurring effects of lifetime and vibrational anharmonicity broadening obscure the narrower, intrinsic spectral profiles of the UIR band carriers. We use a spectral deconvolution algorithm to remove the blurring, in order to retrieve the intrinsic profile of the UIR band. The shape of the intrinsic profile—a sharp blue peak and an extended red tail—suggests that the UIR band originates from a molecular vibration–rotation band with a blue band head. The fractional area of the band-head feature indicates a spheroidal molecule, implying a nonpolar molecule and precluding rotational emission. Its rotational temperature should be well approximated by that measured for nonpolar molecular hydrogen, ∼825 K for NGC 7027. Using this temperature, and the inferred spherical symmetry, we perform a spectral fit to the intrinsic profile, which results in a rotational constant implying C24 as the carrier. We show that the spectroscopic parameters derived for NGC 7027 are consistent with the 11.2 μm UIR bands observed for other objects. We present density functional theory (DFT) calculations for the frequencies and infrared intensities of C24. The DFT results are used to predict a spectral energy distribution (SED) originating from absorption of a 5 eV photon, and characterized by an effective vibrational temperature of 930 K. The C24 SED is consistent with the entire UIR spectrum and is the dominant contributor to the 11.2 and 12.7 μm bands.
Transport and optical properties of low-dimensional complex systems

TRANSPORT AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF LOW-DIMENSIONAL COMPLEX SYSTEMS by Andrii Iurov Advisor: Distinguished Professor Godfrey Gumbs Over the last five years of my research work, I, my research was mainly concerned with certain crucial tunneling, transport and optical properties of novel low-dimensional graphitic and carbon-based materials as well as topological insulators. Both single-electron and manybody problems were addressed. We investigated the Dirac electrons transmission through a potential barrier in the presence of circularly polarized light. An anomalous photon-assisted enhanced transmission is predicted and explained in a comparison with the well-known Klein paradox. It is demonstrated that the perfect transmission for nearly-head-on collision in an infinite graphene is suppressed in gapped dressed states of electrons, which is further accompanied by shift of peaks as a function of the incident angle away from the head-on collision. We calculate the energy bands for graphene monolayers when electrons move through a periodic electrostatic potential in the presence of a uniform perpendicular magnetic field. We clearly demonstrate the quantum fractal nature of the energy bands at reasonably low magnetic fields. We present results for the energy bands as functions of both wave number and magnetic flux through the unit cells of the resulting moir ́e superlattice. V This feature is also observed at extremely high magnetic fields. We have discovered a novel feature in the plasmon excitations for a pair of Coulomb-coupled non-concentric spherical two-dimensional electron gases (S2DEGs). Our results show that the plasmon excitations for such pairs depend on the orientation with respect to the external electromagnetic probe field. The origin of this anisotropy of the inter-sphere Coulomb interaction is due to the directional asymmetry of the electrostatic coupling of electrons in excited states which depend on both the angular momentum quantum number L and its projection M on the axis of quantization taken as the probe E-field direction. Such an effect from the plasmon spatial correlation is expected to be experimentally observable by employing circularly-polarized light or a helical light beam for incidence. The S2DEG serves as a simple model for fullerenes as well as metallic dimers, when the energy bands are far apart. Magnetoplasmons in gapped graphene have been investigated and the exchange energy dependence on magnetic field is presented.
Experimental Studies of PowerCore Filters and Pleated Filter Baffles

The material most commonly used to filter and clean the intake air of vehicle internal combustion engines is pleated filter paper, which in most cases is shaped in the form of a cylinder or panel. The production technology has a low cost and is not complicated. In addition to high separation efficiency and filtration performance, pleated filter media are required to have low initial pressure drop, which depends on the geometry of the bed. Much research has been conducted in this area. Dust accumulated in the filter bed causes an increase in pressure drop, which is the cause of deformation and sticking of pleats. The lack of stability of the pleats, the need to strengthen them, and the need to obtain small sizes while achieving high efficiency and accuracy of filtration of engine intake air was the reason for the development of a different design and a new technology for making filter cartridges called PowerCore. The distinctive feature of these filters is axial flow in one direction of the air stream, which avoids turbulence and thus minimizes pressure drop. This paper presents a comparative analysis of a standard PowerCore and PowerCore G2 filter bed and two cylindrical filters with a pleated filter bed made of cellulose and polyester. The conditions and methodology of experimental testing of filters with test dust are presented. During the tests, the characteristics of separation efficiency and filtration performance, as well as pressure drop as a function of the mass of dust retained on the filter of two PowerCore filters and two cylindrical filters were performed. Three specimens of test filters with the same filtration area were made from each sample of filter bed. The results showed that in each test of the filter bed, there is an initial filtration period characterized by low (96–98%) initial separation efficiency and the presence of large (dpmax) dust grains. As the dust loading of the bed increases, the separation efficiency and filtration performance obtain higher and higher values. The initial period of filtration ends when the conventional value (99.9%) of separation efficiency is reached. The duration of this period depends on the type of filter bed and for the PowerCore G2 filter ends for a dust loading of km = 33.1 g/m2, and for the cellulose filter for km = 117.3 g/m2. During the initial period, the air behind the PowerCore G2 filter contains grains with sizes in the range of dpmax = 9–16 µm. Behind the cellulose filter, dust grains are much larger, dpmax = 17–35 µm. The total operating time of the PowerCore G2 filter, limited by the achievement of the permittivity resistance Δpwdop = 3 kPa, is twice that of the other filter compositions tested.
Sykepleierstudenters erfaringer med etterlevelse av håndhygieniske prinsipper i kliniske praksisstudier

En betydelig del av sykepleierutdanningen foregår i de kliniske studiene, veiledet av sykepleiere. Denne studien er utført for å forstå studentopplevelsene, hvordan de lærer å bruke håndhygieniske prinsipper i kliniske studier. Vi brukte et beskrivende og utforskende design med fokusgruppeintervjuer. Dataene ble analysert ved hjelp av kvalitativ innholdsanalyse. Analysen resulterte i to hovedtemaer, både faktorer som fremmet og hemmet studentlæring. Tydelige retningslinjer prosedyrer samt støttende og oppmuntrende tilbakemeldinger fra veiledere fremmet læring. Mangel på håndhygienefasiliteter, tidspress, komplekse læringssituasjoner, tilstrekkelig anerkjennelse og veiledernes manglende overholdelse, var hemmende faktorer. Studien viser at sykepleiere i klinisk praksis var forbilder for studentene og viktig for å lære de riktige håndhygieniske prinsipper i klinisk praksis
Rotational modulation and flares on RS Canum Venaticorum and BY Draconis-type stars. XV - Observations of Proxima Centauri and solar calibration data

Results are reported from simultaneous Exosat and IUE observations of flaring in Proxima Cen on March 2, 1985. The data are presented in extensive tables and sample spectra and discussed in detail. The peak emission of the soft-X-ray flare is found to be about 3 x 10 to the 27th erg/sec, with energy about 3 x 10 to the 30th erg and an associated increase in Mg II flux to 17,000-67,000 erg/sq cm sec, or about an order of magnitude lower than the solar value. The presence of flare- and microflare-related processes heating the corona is inferred.
Investigations of the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon and Elemental Profile of Smoked Fish

Fish are vulnerable to environmental pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and heavy metals. As one of the most commonly applied processing methods, the smoking of different species has been applied globally. Hence, this study aims to investigate the smoking process on the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and elemental accumulation of the five different species (rainbow trout, Atlantic bonito, horse mackerel, sea bass, and Atlantic bluefin tuna) which are commonly processed and traded in the smoked fish industry. The processing yield, water holding capacity, and pH were also investigated. The results revealed that the proximal differences among fish species influence the water holding capacity, processing yield, and pH which are very important for process sustainability and the quality of the end product. The main finding was the proximal composition impact on the accumulation of both PAHs and heavy metals at different levels. While all of the tested samples were below the maximum permissible limit, some of the heavy metals, especially toxic elements, were found above the acceptable limit. Horse mackerel is determined to be the species most vulnerable to PAHs and heavy metal accumulation.
Interior-point methods for nonlinear second-order cone and semidefinite programming

Interior-point methods have been a re-emerging field in optimization since the mid1980s. We will present here ways of improving the performance of these algorithms for nonlinear optimization and extending them to different classes of problems and application areas. At each iteration, an interior-point algorithm computes a direction in which to proceed, and then must decide how long of a step to take. The traditional approach to choosing a steplength is to use a merit function, which balances the goals of improving the objective function and satisfying the constraints. Recently, Fletcher and Leyffer reported success with using a filter method, where improvement of any of the objective function and constraint infeasibility is sufficient. We have combined these two approaches and applied them to interior-point methods for the first time and with good results. Another issue in nonlinear optimization is the emergence of several popular problem classes and their specialized solution algorithms. Two such problem classes are SecondOrder Cone Programming (SOCP) and Semidefinite Programming (SDP). In the second part of this dissertation, we show that problems from both of these classes can be reformulated as smooth convex optimization problems and solved using a general purpose interior-point algorithm for nonlinear optimization.
Establishing nomogram of blood pressure for late adolescents in India: Secondary analysis of NFHS-4 data

Background: Hypertension among adolescents is a public health problem, which is going to become more severe given the current obesity epidemic. There is a scarcity of information on the reference range value for blood pressure (BP) cut-off for adolescents. Aim: We aimed to establish BP distribution in adolescents aged 15–19 years by using the nationally representative National Family Health Survey-4 (NFHS-4) data. Materials and Methods: We analyzed the data of 15,936 boys and 1,04,132 girls aged 15–19 years in the NFHS-4 survey. We took the mean of systolic and diastolic BPs. Height for age z scores for each individual was calculated using the WHO Anthro plus. The sampling weight was taken as provided by the demographic and health surveys (DHS) website. Nomograms of systolic and diastolic BPs were made by calculating their 50th, 90th, and 95th percentiles for each age (in months), gender, and height percentile for age categories. Results: Both systolic and diastolic BPs increased with age and height centiles. The BP was higher in boys than girls. The average annual increase in systolic and diastolic BPs was 2.52 and 1.20 mmHg in boys and 0.50 and 0.46 mmHg in girls, respectively, when adjusted for height centiles. Conclusion: This study provides a BP nomogram that can be generalized to all the Indian population. Research is required for the diagnostic performance of this nomogram for the diagnosis of adolescent hypertension.
Physiological flexibility of phytoplankton impacts modelled chlorophyll and primary production across the North Pacific Ocean

Abstract. Phytoplankton growth, and hence biomass, responds to variations in light and nutrient availability in the near-surface ocean. A wide variety of models have been developed to capture variable chlorophyll : carbon ratios due to photoacclimation, i.e. the dynamic physiological response of phytoplankton to varying light and nutrient availability. Although photoacclimation models have been developed and tested mostly against laboratory results, their application and testing against the observed flexible response of phytoplankton communities remains limited. Hence, the biogeochemical implications of photoacclimation in combination with ocean circulation have yet to be fully explored. We compare modelled chlorophyll and primary production from an inflexible phytoplankton functional type model (InFlexPFT), which assumes fixed carbon (C) : nitrogen (N) : chlorophyll (Chl) ratios, to that from a recently developed flexible phytoplankton functional type model (FlexPFT), which incorporates photoacclimation and variable C : N : Chl ratios. We couple each plankton model with a 3-D eddy-resolving ocean circulation model of the North Pacific and evaluate their respective performance versus observations (e.g. satellite imagery and vertical profiles of in situ observations) of Chl and primary production. These two models yield different horizontal and vertical distributions of Chl and primary production. The FlexPFT reproduces observed subsurface Chl maxima in the subtropical gyre, although it overestimates Chl concentrations. In the subtropical gyre (where light is sufficient), even at low nutrient concentrations, the FlexPFT yields higher chlorophyll concentrations and faster growth rates, which result in higher primary production in the subsurface, compared to the InFlexPFT. Compared to the FlexPFT, the InFlexPFT yields slower growth rates and lower Chl and primary production. In the subpolar gyre, the FlexPFT also predicts faster growth rates near the surface, where light and nutrient conditions are most favourable. Compared to the InFlexPFT, the key differences that allow the FlexPFT to better reproduce the observed patterns are its assumption of variable, rather than fixed, C : N : Chl ratios and interdependent, rather than strictly multiplicative, effects of light limitation (photoacclimation) and nutrient limitation (uptake). Our results suggest that incorporating these processes has the potential to improve chlorophyll and primary production patterns in the near-surface ocean in future biogeochemical models.
Constraints on the early and late integrated Sachs-Wolfe effects from the Planck 2015 cosmic microwave background anisotropies in the angular power spectra

The Integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect predicts additional anisotropies in the Cosmic Microwave Background due to time variation of the gravitational potential when the expansion of the universe is not matter dominated. The ISW effect is therefore expected in the early universe, due to the presence of relativistic particles at recombination, and in the late universe, when dark energy starts to dominate the expansion. Deviations from the standard picture can be parameterized by $A_{e\text{ISW}}$ and $A_{l\text{ISW}}$, which rescale the overall amplitude of the early and late ISW effects. Analyzing the most recent CMB temperature spectra from the Planck 2015 release, we detect the presence of the early ISW at high significance with $A_{e\mathrm{ISW}} = 1.06\pm0.04$ at 68% CL and an upper limit for the late ISW of $A_{l\mathrm{ISW}} < 1.1$ at 95% CL. The inclusion of the recent polarization data from the Planck experiment results in $A_{e\mathrm{ISW}} = 0.999\pm0.028$ at 68% CL, in better agreement with the value $A_{e\mathrm{ISW}} = 1$ of a standard cosmology. When considering the recent detections of the late ISW coming from correlations between CMB temperature anisotropies and weak lensing, a value of $A_{l\mathrm{ISW}}=0.85\pm0.21$ is predicted at 68% CL, showing a $4\sigma$ evidence. We discuss the stability of our result in the case of an extra relativistic energy component parametrized by the effective neutrino number $N_\mathrm{eff}$ and of a CMB lensing amplitude $A_\mathrm{L}$.
Quantum factorization using three coupled harmonic oscillators

We propose an alternative method to factorize an integer by using three harmonic oscillators. These oscillators are coupled together via specific Kerr nonlinear interactions. This method can be applied even if two harmonic oscillators are prepared in mixed states. As simple examples, we show how to factorize N=15 and 35 using this approach. The effect of dissipation of the harmonic oscillators on the performance of this method is studied. We also study the realization of nonlinear interactions between the coupled oscillators. However, the probability of finding the factors of a number is inversely proportional to its input size. The probability becomes low when this number is large. We discuss the limitations of this approach.
SUPPORTING A HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT THROUGH LIVESTOCK

The importance of animal husbandry reaches all aspects (social, economic and environmental) of sustainable development in rural areas. People produce for sale, but also for consumption. At the same time, considering the location of this economic activity and the practice of farm technology, it is necessary to observe certain norms in order to ensure good environmental conditions. Of course, the future points to the mistakes of the past. Today, modern animal technology is coordinated through IT programs, which anticipate not only the production but also the risks. Specialized literature indicates the environmental risks arising from cattle breeding at planetary level: accumulation of methane as a specificity of digestion, but also through accumulated manure. In this sense, however, the bibliographic studies and the statistical analyses are in favour of maintaining the herds of cattle, on condition there is genetic improvement in the nutritional aspect, as well as judicious waste management. These considerations are appreciated by Romanian farmers in the economic activity of cattle breeding, promoting measures to reduce greenhouse gases in this field.