Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sensory Profiling of Indonesian White Tea Using Quantitative Descriptive Analysis

Silver needle is a common type of white tea in Indonesia. The silver needle is produced from unbloomed pekoe, is pointed, slightly hairy, and silver in color. Quantitative descriptive analysis is a sensory evaluation method that relies on trained panelists' abilities in the experiment. The purpose of this study is to create a sensory profile of white tea from Indonesia using the QDA method. Five tea samples registered to the Indonesian National Agency for Drug and Food Control (Brand Gamboeng, Ennie 1, and Cap Pucuk from the West Java, Teh Dandang from Central Java, and Brand Heizl from East Java) were evaluated by trained panelists with extensive experience who had passed selection and training processes. Water was used as the neutralizer and crackers as the carrier. Three grams of each sample were brewed at 98°C with 150 mL of water for 7 min. Each panelist described the attribute, determined the reference, and evaluated all samples on a 15-cm scale. The results of the focus group discussion has obtained 12 lexicon sensory attributes, namely: yellow-brown, burned aroma, floral aroma, dry aroma, woody aroma, green aroma, burned flavor, green flavor, fermented flavor, floral flavor, bitter taste, astringent aftertaste, and bitter aftertaste. The results also showed that the "Heizl" white tea had the following sensory characteristics: yellow-brown, burned aroma, burned flavor, fermented flavor, bitter taste, bitter aftertaste, and astringent aftertaste. Moreover, the "Dandang" white tea had the following attributes: dry aroma, floral aroma, woody aroma, green aroma, green flavor, and floral flavor.
Targeted Inhibitors of EGFR: Structure, Biology, Biomarkers, and Clinical Applications

Members of the EGFR family of tyrosine kinase receptors are major regulators of cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival. In humans, abnormal activation of EGFR is associated with the development and progression of many cancer types, which makes it an attractive target for molecular-guided therapy. Two classes of EGFR-targeted cancer therapeutics include monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), which bind to the extracellular domain of EGFR, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which mostly target the intracellular part of EGFR and inhibit its activity in molecular signaling. While EGFR-specific mAbs and three generations of TKIs have demonstrated clinical efficacy in various settings, molecular evolution of tumors leads to apparent and sometimes inevitable resistance to current therapeutics, which highlights the need for deeper research in this field. Here, we tried to provide a comprehensive and systematic overview of the rationale, molecular mechanisms, and clinical significance of the current EGFR-targeting drugs, highlighting potential candidate molecules in development. We summarized the underlying mechanisms of resistance and available personalized predictive approaches that may lead to improved efficacy of EGFR-targeted therapies. We also discuss recent developments and the use of specific therapeutic strategies, such as multi-targeting agents and combination therapies, for overcoming cancer resistance to EGFR-specific drugs.
Selenoproteins in Health

Selenium (Se) is a naturally occurring essential micronutrient that is required for human health. The existing form of Se includes inorganic and organic. In contrast to the inorganic Se, which has low bioavailability and high cytotoxicity, organic Se exhibits higher bioavailability, lower toxicity, and has a more diverse composition and structure. This review presents the nutritional benefits of Se by listing and linking selenoprotein (SeP) functions to evidence of health benefits. The research status of SeP from foods in recent years is introduced systematically, particularly the sources, biochemical transformation and speciation, and the bioactivities. These aspects are elaborated with references for further research and utilization of organic Se compounds in the field of health.
Deep Residual Networks With a Flask-Like Channel Structure

The development of deep residual network (ResNet) has contributed significantly to the progress of computer vision and image classification, expanding the applicability of convolutional neural networks to different fields. Researchers continue to improve the classification accuracy of ResNet by increasing parameter sizes or model complexity. However, enlarging the network parameter size would significantly increase the training workload. In this work, we adjusted the scale and variation pattern of ResNet18 channel numbers, evaluated their performance differences using different datasets, and designed a flask-like channel structure, which enabled ResNet18 to reduce model parameters while maintaining accuracy. Then, we use MNIST and STL10 datasets validate the effectiveness of FLC structure. Finally, we extend the FLC structure to other ResNet models with different layers, such as ResNet34, ResNet50, ResNet101, and ResNeXt. By testing these ResNet models on the CIFAR10 dataset, our experiments showed that the ResNet models with the FLC structure (namely ResNet_FLC) can maintain or improve the accuracy of the model by approximately 1% while reducing the number of model parameters and FLOPs.
Research on the effect of Aerosol on the retrieval of hyperspectral XCO2

CO2, the greenhouse gas, is the important one of atmospheric trace gases. The accurate observation of CO2 has great significance for the study of climate warming and global carbon cycle. In this paper, SCIATRAN radiation transfer model is simulated to study the effect of the aerosol parameters to the retrieval precision of XCO2.The absorption band of CO2 at 1.61um and O2-A are selected to analyse the sensitivity of aerosol parameters. The absolute error and relative error about the main aerosol parameters, optical thickness and scattering phase function are analyzed. It provides basis on the effective debugging for the model, plays an important role in the improvement of the precision of XCO2 retrieval.
Bamboo Leaves: An Emerging Multi-functional Food

Bamboos form a unique group of giant arborescent grasses belonging to the family Poaceae and sub-family Bambuseae. Bamboo leaves are the favorite food of pandas and many other animals and are much valued as fodder. Other than this, its uses in the food industry in various food products, bamboo wine and as packaging material are being explored. Anti-oxidant of bamboo leaves (AOB), a novel food anti-oxidant is used in many food products and has been found to contain antioxidants, flavanoids and other bioactive compounds that help in the prevention of various degenerative diseases like cancer, diabetes, heart problems etc. However, there is no systematic review that explores the nutritional value and uses of bamboo leaves in different sectors. Therefore, this paper reviews the nutritional composition and spectrum of usage in the food industry. Bamboo leaves have great potential as a food additive and more research attempts on its use as a nutraceutical and functional foods are needed.
Comparative Physiological and Transcriptome Analyses of Tolerant and Susceptible Cultivars Reveal the Molecular Mechanism of Cold Tolerance in Anthurium andraeanum

Anthurium andraeanum is a tropical ornamental flower. The cost of Anthurium production is higher under low temperature (non-freezing) conditions; therefore, it is important to increase its cold tolerance. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the response of Anthurium to cold stress remain elusive. In this study, comparative physiological and transcriptome sequencing analyses of two cultivars with contrasting cold tolerances were conducted to evaluate the cold stress response at the flowering stage. The activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase and the contents of proline, soluble sugar, and malondialdehyde increased under cold stress in the leaves of the cold tolerant cultivar Elegang (E) and cold susceptible cultivar Menghuang (MH), while the soluble protein content decreased in MH and increased in E. Using RNA sequencing, 24,695 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from comparisons between cultivars under the same conditions or between the treatment and control groups of a single cultivar, 9132 of which were common cold-responsive DEGs. Heat-shock proteins and pectinesterases were upregulated in E and downregulated in MH, indicating that these proteins are essential for Anthurium cold tolerance. Furthermore, four modules related to cold treatment were obtained by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. The expression of the top 20 hub genes in these modules was induced by cold stress in E or MH, suggesting they might be crucial contributors to cold tolerance. DEGs were significantly enriched in plant hormone signal transduction pathways, trehalose metabolism, and ribosomal proteins, suggesting these processes play important roles in Anthurium’s cold stress response. This study provides a basis for elucidating the mechanism of cold tolerance in A. andraeanum and potential targets for molecular breeding.
Land Cover Change and Woodland Degradation in a Charcoal Producing Semi‐Arid Area in Kenya

Woodlands in Kenya are undergoing land cover change and degradation leading to loss of livelihoods. Uncontrolled charcoal production, although a livelihood source for communities living in woodland areas of Kenya, leads to woodland degradation. We used Landsat imagery, field plot data and household interviews to describe land cover change and the role of charcoal production in woodland degradation. An unsupervised classification was used to determine land cover change from woodland to open/farmland, and five 16‐km transects were used to investigate the extent of charcoal production in the target woodlands. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted on 117 households to understand their perceptions on woodland cover change and the role of charcoal production. The overall accuracy of our classification was 86%. Woodland areas decreased by 24% between 1986 and 2014. The trend of woodland area change compared well between remote sensing and interview data. The density of kilns, a proxy for charcoal‐led woodland degradation, varied across the sample plots. Despite charcoal providing a livelihood for 66% of the households, the community felt that their environment, wealth and social relations have been affected by land cover changes caused by charcoal production. Based on these results, we recommend that appropriate measures aimed at improving the productivity of agriculture, adapting to climate change and reducing dependence on charcoal for sustenance should be encouraged to mitigate woodland cover loss and degradation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comprehensive evaluation on the drought risk of rain-fed agriculture in China based on GIS

By employing the research method of combining GIS with fuzzy mathematics and AHP,this paper evaluated the rain-fed agricultural region's drought occurring level,drought resistance potential and drought risk in China,assessed the grades for drought occurring level,drought resistance potential and drought risk at 1 square kilometer grid resolution in the rain-fed agricultural regions.The main conclusions are: China's Central North Region,Northern China Region,Northeast Region and Southwest Region are the key regions for drought defense and drought resist.The principle of differential treatment to different regions should be obeyed,and the implementation of drought defense and drought resistance measures should be in accord with local conditions.Irrigation infrastructure construction,water-saving irrigation promotion,terrace cropland construction,and plastic film mulching for preservation of soil moisture are four kinds of critical anti-drought measures.Implementing multiple anti-drought measures simultaneously may receive better effect of drought resistance and yield-increase.
THE AFFECTING FACTORS ON THE ROLES OF WOMEN IN THE HOUSEHOLD LIVELIHOOD SUSTAINABILITY OF SEAWEED FARMER

The construction and development of the maritime sector has placed maritme-economic as the basic of economic development in Indonesia is one of the priority of vision and mission that will be realized by The Government of Jokowi. Indonesia, The Maritime Country, holds the potential of huge natural resources, but in fact, it does not provide the better livehood for coastal communities, especially for the household of seaweed farmers in Ranooha Village, South Konawe Regency. The women in Bajo, as part of household systems, act in the income sustainability of households. The purpose of this research is to determine the affecting factor of the roles of women in the household income sustainability of seaweed farmers. This research was conducted at Ranooha Village, Moramo District, South Konawe Regency. The research method is quantitative. The data were analyzed by using Chi-Square analysis tools. The population in this research is the seaweed farmers (households) in Ranooha Village distributing in 4 hamlets. Sample of Hamlets were selected purposively, in terms adapted on the purpose and the need of the research. The sampling technique was perfomed randomly by observing the existing level, which meant that every level of corresponds were represented proportionately. The number of samples in this research were 50 of homogeneous ethnic communities and 50 of heterogeneous ethnic communities. Those were expected to represent the number of the population members. The results showed that the affecting factors of the roles of women in the household livelihood sustainability were women characteristics, living systems, and actions of rasionality.
Risk-informed tsunami warnings

Abstract Tsunami warning traditionally has been perceived within the scientific community as an essentially deterministic process. This may be satisfactory in regions where tsunami monitoring is very extensive and the uncertainty in tsunami forecasting is low. However, where there is significant uncertainty, the worthy aspiration to achieve a zero-tolerance policy on tsunami fatalities is set against the reduction in public alert compliance associated with previous false alerts. A risk-informed approach is presented, which outlines a decision process that allows for a decline in alert compliance due to false alerts. This risk-informed approach assesses probabilistically the tsunamigenicity of fault rupture, using data not just from historical catalogues but also the geological record. Prior probabilities could be automatically updated in real time by a Bayesian Belief Network from observations obtained in real time: earthquake depth information; pressure sensor recordings, tide gauge measurements; or visual reports of coastal inundation. A decision to issue a general evacuation warning in a specific region might be made provided the updated posterior probability reached a critical threshold.
Pathophysiology of Pre-Eclampsia—Two Theories of the Development of the Disease

Pre-eclampsia (PE) continues to be a leading cause of maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. While substantial progress has been made in understanding the pathomechanisms of PE, the pathophysiology of the disease is still not fully understood. While the “two-stage model” of the development of PE is the most widely accepted theory, stating that the placenta is the main source of the disease, there are some other pathophysiological models of PE. Among these other theories, the one considering heart dysfunction as serving as the primary cause of PE seems to be gaining increasing prominence. In this review, we aim to elucidate these two divergent concepts concerning the development of PE. Despite some differences in their proposed pathomechanisms, both theories share vital pathophysiological elements in common. A central and critical component in both models is impaired placental perfusion, which appears to be a crucial phenomenon in PE. A comprehensive understanding of the different pathomechanisms involved in PE may be helpful in clinical practice, prompting a more individual approach to care of patients with PE.
A Wideband Circularly Polarized Crossed-Slot Antenna With Stable Phase Center

A wideband circularly polarized crossed-slot antenna with a stable phase center is investigated in this letter. The proposed antenna consists of a crossed-slot radiator and a Γ-shaped feeding structure. Orthogonal modes can be excited by perturbing the crossed slot to realize circular polarization. Both simulation and measurement of the designed antenna demonstrate a –10 dB impedance bandwidth of 43.8% and a 3 dB axial-ratio bandwidth of 42.6%, covering all the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) bands. Due to the overall symmetry of the radiation crossed slot, a phase center of the proposed antenna remains stable within a wide beam of 100° covering the whole GNSS bands, with phase center variation retained below 5°.
Comparative 4D Label-Free Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Bombus terrestris Provides Insights into Proteins and Processes Associated with Diapause

Diapause, an adaptative strategy for survival under harsh conditions, is a dynamic multi-stage process. Bombus terrestris, an important agricultural pollinator, is declining in the wild, but artificial breeding is possible by imitating natural conditions. Mated queen bees enter reproductive diapause in winter and recover in spring, but the regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we conducted a comparative 4D label-free proteomic analysis of queen bees during artificial breeding at seven timepoints, including pre-diapause, diapause, and post-diapause stages. Through bioinformatics analysis of proteomic and detection of substance content changes, our results found that, during pre-diapause stages, queen bees had active mitochondria with high levels of oxidative phosphorylation, high body weight, and glycogen and TAG content, all of which support energy consumption during subsequent diapause. During diapause stages, body weight and water content were decreased but glycerol increased, contributing to cold resistance. Dopamine content, immune defense, and protein phosphorylation were elevated, while fat metabolism, protein export, cell communication, signal transduction, and hydrolase activity decreased. Following diapause termination, JH titer, water, fatty acid, and pyruvate levels increased, catabolism, synaptic transmission, and insulin signaling were stimulated, ribosome and cell cycle proteins were upregulated, and cell proliferation was accelerated. Meanwhile, TAG and glycogen content decreased, and ovaries gradually developed. These findings illuminate changes occurring in queen bees at different diapause stages during commercial production.
Polyphenols-Rich Extract of Calotropis procera Alone and in Combination with Trichoderma Culture Filtrate for Biocontrol of Cantaloupe Wilt and Root Rot Fungi

Fungal diseases have always been a major problem for cantaloupe crops; however, synthetic fungicides are hazardous to humans and the environment. Consequently, a feasible alternative to fungicides without side effects could be by using bio agents and naturally occurring plants with antibacterial potential. This study has achieved a novel procedure for managing wilt and root rot diseases by potentially using Trichoderma sp. culture filtrates in consortium with plant extract of Calotropis procera, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, and Pythium ultimum, which were isolated from infected cantaloupe roots with identified root rot symptoms. The antagonistic activity of four Trichoderma isolates and analysis of antibiotics and filtrate enzymes of the most active Trichoderma isolate were determined as well as phytochemical analysis of C. procera plant extract using HPLC-UV. The obtained results showed that all Trichoderma isolates considerably lowered the radial growth of P. ultimum, R. solani, and F. oxysporum in varying degrees. The scanning electron micrographs illustrate the mycoparasitic nature of Trichoderma sp. on F. oxysporum. The phytochemical analysis of C. procera indicated that phenolic contents were the major compounds found in extracts, such as vanillin (46.79%), chlorogenic acid (30.24%), gallic acid (8.06%), and daidzein (3.45%) but including only a low amount of the flavonoid compounds rutin, naringenin, and hesperetin. The Pot experiment’s findings showed that cantaloupe was best protected against wilting and root rot diseases when it was treated with both Trichoderma sp. culture filtrates (10%) and C. procera extract of (15 mg/mL), both alone and in combination. This study demonstrates that the application of bio agent Trichoderma spp. filtrate with C. procera phenol extract appears useful for controlling wilting and root rot disease in cantaloupe. This innovative approach could be used as an alternative to chemical fungicide for the control of wilting and rot root diseases.
A new approach to raw material use in the exploitation of animal carcasses at BK (Upper Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania): a micro‐photogrammetric and geometric morphometric analysis of fossil cut marks

The use of innovative techniques such as micro‐photogrammetry and geometric morphometrics may have a major impact on the differentiation of cut marks made with different raw materials and, thus, link butchering processes with stone tool reduction sequences. This work focuses on a sample of cut‐marked bones from the Bell's Korongo (BK) site (Upper Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania), which is an emblematic early Pleistocene site where a large faunal assemblage, including a diverse megafauna, occurs in association with quartzite and basalt industries. We present a detailed study of a sample of 58 cut marks identified on a set of recently excavated BK fossils, using a micro‐photogrammetric and geometric morphometric approach, with the aim of identifying the raw materials used in the butchery of carcasses. In order to carry out this study, we previously carried out an experimental analysis to characterize cut marks and their morphology according to the types of raw material found at BK, namely quartzite and basalt. The results from the experimental study show that there is a good fit between raw material type and cut mark morphology, enabling us to confidently apply this method to the analysis of the cut marks of the BK fossil assemblage. The present study shows that most of the BK cut marks were created by the use of quartzite tools. The efficiency of this type of raw material is emphasized, which explains its curation over the landscape by hominins.