Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Suppression of stress-induced leakage current after Fowler-Nordheim stressing by deuterium pyrogenic oxidation and deuterated poly-Si deposition

Reports on the effect of deuterium incorporation into gate oxide on stress-induced leakage current (SILC) under Fowler-Nordheim (F-N) electron injection. Deuterium atoms were introduced during the growth of the gate oxide by deuterium pyrogenic oxidation. A deuterated poly-Si film was also utilized as a gate electrode. The deuterated poly-Si gate electrode was deposited by deuterated monosilane (SiD/sub 4/) gas, as a substitute for hydrogenated monosilane (SiH/sub 4/) gas. The properties of the deuterated oxide were compared with those of deuterium-annealed oxide, i.e., the conventional method for deuterium incorporation into gate oxide. As a result, it was found that SILC after both polarities of F-N stressing was clearly suppressed by the use of both the deuterium pyrogenic oxide and the deuterated poly-Si gate. Experimental results for the depth profiles and thermal desorption characteristics of introduced-deuterium atoms, compared with the case of the deuterium annealing, indicated that both the deuterium incorporation not only into the Si/SiO/sub 2/ interface but also into bulk-SiO/sub 2/ and the more stable chemical bonding of deuterium atoms are realized by deuterium pyrogenic oxidation.
Aggregated Wind Turbine Models for Power System Dynamic Studies

The interaction between a power system and a wind-farm can be studied using either a simplified ‘aggregated’ or a complex ‘detailed’ model. The detailed-model results compare well with the actual, therefore, provided that both models have similar dynamic characteristics, the aggregated model provides a rapid and cost-effective way of representing large wind-farms in power system dynamic studies. A brief overview of wind-farm aggregation methods is given and their application in power systems analysis is discussed. Aggregation techniques are then applied to a wind-farm with thirty wind turbines. It is shown that the aggregation of the swing equation and equivalent representation of network and generator impedances can be used for aggregated representation of fixed speed wind turbines. A similar approach applied to the d-and q-axis controller of a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) failed initially to provide satisfactory dynamic characteristics with the aggregated model. Consequently, a simple method was used to scale the rotor currents of the controller, so the dynamic characteristics with DFIGs became acceptable.
Transient Charging Characteristics in Surface Flashover Development Process due to Explosive Electron Emission in Vacuum

For the development of higher voltage vacuum circuit breakers and vacuum interrupters, surface discharge in a vacuum is one of the most significant issues. We measured the charge activity on alumina dielectrics in a vacuum through ultrahigh‐speed optical and electrical measurements. We found that surface flashover in a vacuum starts with an explosive electron emission (EEE) with higher current density, which consists of electron emission from the cathode, and results in surface flashover development. The transient charge on the alumina dielectrics formed by electrons emitted by EEE influences the distortion of electric field distribution around the cathode rod and then the subsequent flashover development. In particular, in the case of a shorter gap between the cathode rod and the alumina dielectrics, the electron emission may be suppressed by the relaxation effect of the electric field due to transient charge accumulation.
Believable agents: building interactive personalities

Abstract : In the traditional character-based arts of film, books, animation, or theater, the audience is presented with vivid, powerful, personality-rich characters such as Rick from Casablanca or the Genie or Flying Carpet from Walt Disney's Aladdin. Unless one can afford a troop of improvisational actors (and not even then for characters such as the Flying Carpet), one is only able to watch these rich characters. Believable agents allow people to not just watch, but also interact with such powerful, personality-rich characters. Believable agents are a combination of autonomous agents and believable characters from the traditional character-based arts, such as animation, film or literature. They are accurately described both as autonomous agents with the same powerful properties as characters from the arts, and as computer-based, interactive versions of personality-rich characters. Believable agents could be powerfully used for art, entertainment, as part of interactive story systems, social user interfaces, or teaching systems.
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of the Abacavir/Lamivudine/Lopinavir/Ritonavir Fixed-Dose Granule Formulation (4-in-1) in Neonates: PETITE Study

Background: Antiretroviral options for neonates (younger than 28 days) should be expanded. We evaluated the pharmacokinetics, safety, and acceptability of the "4-in-1" fixed-dose pediatric granule formulation of abacavir/lamivudine/lopinavir/ritonavir (30/15/40/10 mg) in neonates. Methods: The PETITE study is an ongoing phase I/II, open-label, single-arm, 2-stage trial conducted in South Africa. In stage 1, term neonates exposed to HIV on standard antiretroviral prophylaxis (nevirapine ± zidovudine) received single dose(s) of the 4-in-1 formulation, followed by intensive pharmacokinetic sampling and safety assessments. At each PK visit, blood was drawn after an observed dose at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 hours postdose. In this study, we have reported the planned interim pharmacokinetic and safety analysis after completion of the single-dose administration. Results: Sixteen neonates, with a median (range) birth weight of 3130 g (2790–3590 g), completed 24 pharmacokinetic visits. The 4-in-1 formulation imposed relatively high doses of abacavir [8.6 mg/kg (6.6–11.4)] and lamivudine [4.3 mg/kg (3.3–5.7)] but lower doses of lopinavir [11.5 mg/kg (8.8–15.2)]. The geometric means (GM, 90% CI) AUC0–12 of abacavir, lamivudine, and lopinavir were 29.87 (26.29–33.93), 12.61 (10.72–14.83), and 3.49 (2.13–5.72) µg. h/mL, respectively. Lopinavir GM AUC0–12 was below the predefined target (20–100 µg.h/mL), and ritonavir concentrations were only detectable in 4 of the 120 (3%) samples. No adverse events were related to study drugs. No neonate had difficulty swallowing the 4-in-1 formulation. Conclusions: The high doses of abacavir and lamivudine (in mg/kg) and AUCs were safe, and the formulation was well tolerated; however, lopinavir/ritonavir exposures were extremely low, preventing its use in neonates use in neonates. Alternative pediatric solid antiretroviral formulations must be studied in neonates.
ANALISA SISTEM KEAMANAN INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM (IDS), FIREWALL SYSTEM, DATABASE SYSTEM DAN MONITORING SYSTEM MENGGUNAKAN AGENT BERGERAK

Keamanan jaringan komputer sebagai bagian dari sebuah sistem informasi adalah sangat penting untuk menjaga validitas dan integritas data serta menjamin ketersediaan layanan bagi penggunanya. Sistem harus dilindungi dari segala macam serangan dan usaha-usaha penyusupan atau pemindaian oleh pihak yang tidak berhak.Metode kemanan jaringan yang bertujuan untuk membentuk suatu arsitektur sistem keamanan yang terintegrasi antara Intrusion Detection System (IDS) , Firewall System, Database System dan Monitoring System dikaitkan dengan tinjauan agent bergerak. Sistem keamanan ini bertujuan melindungi jaringan dengan kemampuan merespon sesuai dengan kebijakan keamanan. Dihasilkan Arsitektur suatu sistem deteksi penyusupan jaringan komputer yang memiliki kemampuan untuk mendeteksi adanya aktivitas jaringan yang mencurigakan, melakukan tindakan penanggulangan serangan lebih lanjut berbasis agent bergerak
gross domestic expenditure on research and development

In 2013, half of intramural business expenditure on R&D (BERD) was focused on six industrial branches (‘Manufacture of motor vehicles’, ‘Manufacture of air and spacecraft and related machinery’, ‘Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparations’, ‘Computer-related and information service activities’, ‘Professional, scientific and technical activities’ and ‘Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products’). In the public sector, dedicated research institutions (EPST and EPIC) carried out 54% of all R&D funded by intramural government expenditure (GOVERD).
Combinatorial-Semantic Specifics Of Colorative Collocations With Component White

Collocations present considerable interest for a researcher due to their wide distribution and significance in the communication process. These units are regarded as a pair or group of words that are often used together and sound natural. The article considers the colorative collocations with the component white which are used in the language of newspapers. Colour lexis is a universal phenomenon and an important axiological component of different cultures. The objective of the article is to identify the semantic, functional, syntagmatic mechanisms of their formation, as well as to discover the specific characteristics of these units. Being a component of collocations white could cause certain associations. The meaning of these units is revealed in their various combinations. This research is conducted in the framework of combinatorial linguistics that studies the linear relations of language units and their combinatorial potential. Colorative collocations are considered in this work as combinatorially determined lexical and phraseological units, which are created by the adjective type and characterized by structural-semantic integrity. Particular attention is paid to the semantic and combinatorial-syntagmatic specific for the compatibility of lexemes. The main conclusion of the article is that the formation of colorative collocations is caused by various extralinguistic and linguistic factors. These units are aimed at attracting target reader’s attention, informed and encouraging reading the article. Moreover, these units have the emotional impact on the reader.
A discussion on the coupling effects in conductor-backed coplanar waveguide MICs with lateral sidewalls

It is pointed out that a conductor-backed coplanar waveguide (CBCPW) with lateral sidewalls can support rectangular waveguide modes that couple with the dominant mode and can produce some undesirable results. These modes can be cut off by reducing the lateral dimensions of the structure, but for higher frequency operation the available circuit surface area is severely limited. The CBCPW is analyzed with a two-dimensional spectral domain method to demonstrate these coupling effects. The results provide insight into the characteristics of finite-length structures. In addition, experimental data demonstrate the coupling effects within a CBCPW. <<ETX>>
3D‐Laserscanning zur Erfassung von Gebäuden – Building Information Modeling (BIM)

Das terrestrische 3D‐Laserscanning hat sich in den letzten Jahren als Messverfahren zur geometrischen Erfassung von Gebäuden sowie zur Ableitung von Bestandsplänen etabliert. Im Bereich der Architektur und der Denkmalpflege eröffnet die schnelle und ganzheitliche Vermessung von Objektoberflächen neue Dimensionen. Der Beitrag zeigt das Potenzial dieser Technologie für den Einsatz im Bereich “Building Information Modeling” (BIM). Es wird dabei auf die Abläufe bei der örtlichen Vermessung, die Überführung der Laserdaten in ein BIM‐gerechtes 3D‐Modell sowie die Arbeit mit Modellen bei Planung und Gebäudebewirtschaftung eingegangen.
Determining Readiness for Solo Flight Training Toward Defining the Elements of Competency

Abstract. Flight instructors are responsible for deciding when student pilots make their first solo flights. While these decisions are complex and challenging, little detailed guidance has been developed. This study aimed to articulate the elements of competence that experienced flight instructors focused on and assessed when making the decision to send student pilots on their first solo training flights. Participants were 30 Recreational Aviation Australia (RA-Aus) senior and chief flying instructors. A qualitative design was used to explore participants’ reflections on the elements of competency and behavioral markers they assess. The key themes identified from the thematic analyses fit well within the PAVE hazard checklist, which provides a framework for hazard awareness and management. The results of this study include a preliminary framework of specific competencies that flight instructors can assess as part of their decision making. Future research could lead to development of a checklist or scale t.
An intelligent controller for manufacturing cells

To meet multiple performance objectives and handle uncertainty during production, a flexible scheduling system is essential. In this study, a neural network based control system is proposed to adapt different scheduling strategies dynamically for a manufacturing cell. The proposed control system consists of an adjustment module and the associated equipment controller for each machine and the robot. At a decision point, the adjustment module will determine the relative importance for each performance measure according to the current performance levels and requirements. The equipment level controller, implemented by a neural network, will select the proper dispatching rule based on its status and the relative importance levels. The problem, which arises from the discrepancy of the user specification and what neural networks are trained by, is addressed. From the simulation results, the proposed refinement procedure could recover this problem so that the controller can perform closer to the actual requiremen.
A new way to manage public lighting

The authors present field trials, along with their results, which show that automation applied to public lighting improves efficiency and reduces management costs. At the end of these experiment, it will be possible to quantify better cost/benefit parameters and the impact of automation on the existing organisation. They argue that public lighting service could represent a real business opportunity for all electric utilities in the near future since, in Europe alone, there are more then 70 million luminaries installed which need to be managed.
Egan's view on contracts [partnering management]

The Egan Report advocates the use of effective partnering in the place of formal contracts in order for the construction industry to re-think its processes and deliver year-on-year improvements in quality, productivity and profits. Here, the author describes how formal contracts can, however, help support effective partnering by providing tangible incentives triggered by the achievement of key performance indicators.
Design of an Autonomous Robot for Indoor Navigation

This paper describes the design and implementation of an autonomous robot to navigate indoors to a specified target using an inexpensive commercial off the shelf USB camera and processor running an imbedded Linux system. The robot identifies waypoints to aid in navigation, which in our case consists of a series of quick response (QR) codes. Using a 1080p USB camera, the robot could successfully identify waypoints at a distance of over 4 meters, and navigate at a rate of 50 cm/sec.
"Oral Nutrition Supplements in Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS): The Pandora’s Box for Prehabilitation Practice"

Background: Malnutrition is present in 25 to 54% of hospitalized patients upon admission and it has a direct association with increased morbidity, mortality, length of stay (LOS), increased readmissions, and cost of care. The high level of insulin will block the lipolysis and the usage of FAs as the primary fuel (insulin inhibits ketogenesis). Therefore, the body will shift towards gluconeogenesis and use amino acids as the main fuel. This process will lead to protein and skeletal muscle wasting and increase the risk of malnutrition and other postoperative complications. Prehabilitation includes the process of improving the patient’s overall condition before surgery to keep a higher level of the patient’s functional body capacity during surgery and also inhibit postoperative consequences including complications caused by metabolic stress. One of the best practical methods of prehabilitation is the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol. ERAS is a multi-professional model to educate patients and improve their physical and nutritional status prior to surgery. The ERAS protocol mainly targets the inflammatory responses and hormonal changes during metabolic stress. This can alter the metabolism leading to suppression of protein-sparing resulting in a decrease in protein wasting. The ERAS program was initially started at CRMC as a pilot quality improvement project in 2017. Furthermore, there is no standardized protocol for ERAS, especially on Oral Nutrition Supplementation (ONS). To date, there is sufficient data to support the benefits of oral nutrition supplementation for patients undergoing metabolic stress. Nonetheless, there is not enough evidence regarding the effectiveness of any specific product over others for improving the patients’ nutritional status prior to surgery and the patients’ overall survival and complications post surgery. Materials and Methods: In this review paper we sought to compare some of the most common nutritional supplements and their ingredients used for ERAS programs in the United States by focusing on the cell signaling effect they may have on metabolism, protein sparing, some elective amino acids, insulin resistance, and glycemic index. Results: The main results revealed that an optimal oral nutrition supplementation should provide an opportunity to trigger the cell signaling pathways that would increase the transcriptional level of endogenous protein synthase while other ingredients would provide further benefits. Despite several review articles and clinical trials and clinical outcome measurements, there is very limited metabolic research on prehabilitation biochemical mechanisms and cell signaling responses pathways. There is an absolute need for mechanistic studies that will help to select the most appropriate formulas. Pandora’s
Facility for High-fidelity Electromagnetic Compatibility Studies of Electric Thrusters

A new facility for electromagnetic compatibility studies of electric thrusters has been built at The Aerospace Corporation. The facility is capable of making all MIL-STD 461 measurements and is especially suited for high fidelity radiative emission measurements (RE102). This facility replaces the previous facility and has several significant improvements including a 50% increase in the size of the anechoic room, anechoic plume termination, a low sputter screen that attenuates background from the main vacuum tank into the anechoic room, addition of a gate valve between the main vacuum tank and the dielectric chamber, installation of two low impedance isolated grounds, and the extension of radiated emission measurements to 60 GHz. The facility is suitable for thrusters with continuous powers up to 5 kW. The characteristics and architecture of this new facility are presented.
An investigation into the parameters affecting total harmonic distortion in low-voltage low-power Class-D amplifiers

We investigate the influence of two important practical design parameters on total harmonic distortion (THD) for the design of low-voltage (0.9-1.4 V) low-power analog Class-D amplifiers: the linearity of the carrier waveform and the impedance of the output stage. We show that the carrier nonlinearity results in THD and propose a novel mathematical analysis method to model the nonlinearity. We recommend a range of the parameter that describes the carrier nonlinearity and that results in a good compromise to the dynamic range of the pulsewidth modulator of the Class-D amplifier. We show that the impedance of the output stage has little effect on THD. We verify our analyses by means of MATLAB and HSPICE computer simulations, and on the basis of practical measurements.
Monitoring hot-carrier degradation in SOI MOSFETs by hot-carrier luminescence techniques

This paper addresses the problem of hot-carrier degradation and lifetime monitoring in SOI MOSFETs by means of hot-carrier-induced luminescence measurements. The peculiar emission behavior of SOI devices is clarified over a broad range of bias conditions by means of comparison with that of BULK MOSFETs. It is shown that detailed analysis of hot-carrier luminescence measurements at different photon energies provides a noninvasive monitoring tool for various aspects of degradation, such as worst case bias conditions, threshold voltage shift, and variations of the electric field and hot-carrier population in the damaged region. The measured light intensity represents also a sensitive acceleration factor for the extrapolation of lifetimes to real operating conditions.
Power systems for autonomous underwater vehicles

In this paper, we examine the issues involved in designing battery systems and power-transfer (charging) techniques for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) operating within an Autonomous Ocean Sampling Network (AOSN). We focus on three different aspects of the problem, battery chemistry, pack management and in situ charging. We look at a number of choices for battery chemistry and evaluate these based on the requirements of maximizing power density and low temperature operation particular to AUVs. We look at the issues involved in combining individual cells into large battery packs and at the problems associated with battery monitoring, and the charging and discharging of packs in a typical AUV application. Finally, we present a methodology for charging an AUV battery pack in situ in support of long term deployments at remote sites.
The experiences of adolescents diagnosed with functional gastrointestinal disorders: An interpretative phenomenological analysis

The aim of this study was to provide a qualitative perspective of adolescents’ experiences of functional gastrointestinal disorders. In-depth semi structured interviews were conducted with eleven adolescents aged 11–16. The transcripts were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Three superordinate themes were identified: 1) The journey to diagnosis: the good, the bad and the unknown; 2) Making sense of ‘functional’: the search for meaning; and 3) To share or conceal? : the impact of anticipated stigma on peer disclosure. The themes highlighted a complex process of meaning-making, with limited information about their diagnosis impacting on approaches to self-management and peer disclosure. Findings suggest adolescents would benefit from developmentally appropriate information and resources about the biopsychosocial aetiology of their presentation. It is considered that this may lead to greater self-efficacy in self-management of symptoms and reduce potential for perceived and self-stigma. Further implications for clinical practice and future research are discussed.