Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome Analysis Identifies the Crosstalk between Dendritic and Natural Killer Cells in Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Skin ulcers of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are characterized by a localized inflammatory response mediated by innate and adaptive immune cells, including dendritic cells (DC) and natural killer (NK) cells. Bidirectional interactions between DCs and NK cells contribute to tailor leishmaniasis outcome. Despite advances in the Leishmania biology field in recent decades, the mechanisms involved in DC/NK-mediated control of Leishmania sp. pathogenesis as well as the cellular and molecular players involved in such interaction remain unclear. The present study sought to investigate canonical pathways associated with CL arising from Leishmania braziliensis infection. Initially, two publicly available microarray datasets of skin biopsies from active CL lesions were analyzed, and five pathways were identified using differentially expressed genes. The “Crosstalk between DCs and NK cells” pathway was notable due to a high number of modulated genes. The molecules significantly involved in this pathway were identified, and our findings were validated in newly obtained CL biopsies. We found increased expression of TLR4, TNFRSF1B, IL-15, IL-6, CD40, CCR7, TNF and IFNG, confirming the analysis of publicly available datasets. These findings reveal the “crosstalk between DCs and NK cells” as a potential pathway to be further explored in the pathogenesis of CL, especially the expression of CCR7, which is correlated with lesion development.
Disrupted chimera ordering of magnetization within FeCl2 layers

As a follow-up to a recent report about chimera ordering in Monte Carlo simulations of a three-dimensional Ising spin model (Singh R. et al., EPL, 95 (2011) 10004), further simulations are performed to ascertain the validity and the applicability of the initial results. In the initial work only nearest-neighbour interactions were considered within a cubic lattice of spins, having ferromagnetic interaction between spins within the same plane and anti-ferromagnetic interaction between spins in adjacent planes. This model was proposed as a prototype for certain layered magnetic systems, such as FeCl2. In the present work two main deficiencies in the initial work are addressed. First, use is made of parallel tempering to explore whether or not the reported chimera ordering could be a simulation artefact. This step is important because it is well known that, at lower temperatures, Monte Carlo simulations can often become trapped in local minima of the energy landscape. Furthermore, in the case of frustrated systems, such as the one that was considered, the energy landscape is well known to be complicated, typically containing many local minima. Second, the initial model of a cubic lattice of spins is extended to the face-centred cubic structure for FeCl2. Our extended model, consisting of the frustrated 3-dimensional face-centred cubic lattice of Ising spins, has the correct coupling topology and known exchange interactions for FeCl2. We find that the chimera ordering is robust to the parallel tempering and that it is influenced by the boundary conditions and the number of layers in the fcc lattice. In general one can expect to find small disruptions in the chimera ordering of the magnetization within different layers.
The challenge of measuring physiological parameters during motor imagery engagement in patients after a stroke

Introduction It is suggested that eye movement recordings could be used as an objective evaluation method of motor imagery (MI) engagement. Our investigation aimed to evaluate MI engagement in patients after stroke (PaS) compared with physical execution (PE) of a clinically relevant unilateral upper limb movement task of the patients' affected body side. Methods In total, 21 PaS fulfilled the MI ability evaluation [Kinaesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ-10), body rotation task (BRT), and mental chronometry task (MC)]. During the experiment, PaS moved a cup to distinct fields while wearing smart eyeglasses (SE) with electrooculography electrodes integrated into the nose pads and electrodes for conventional electrooculography (EOG). To verify MI engagement, heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were recorded, simultaneously with electroencephalography (EEG). Eye movements were recorded during MI, PE, and rest in two measurement sessions to compare the SE performance between conditions and SE's psychometric properties. Results MI and PE correlation of SE signals varied between r = 0.12 and r = 0.76. Validity (cross-correlation with EOG signals) was calculated for MI (r = 0.53) and PE (r = 0.57). The SE showed moderate test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient) with r = 0.51 (95% CI 0.26–0.80) for MI and with r = 0.53 (95% CI 0.29 – 0.76) for PE. Event-related desynchronization and event-related synchronization changes of EEG showed a large variability. HR and SpO2 recordings showed similar values during MI and PE. The linear mixed model to examine HR and SpO2 between conditions (MI, PE, rest) revealed a significant difference in HR between rest and MI, and between rest and PE but not for SpO2. A Pearson correlation between MI ability assessments (KVIQ, BRT, MC) and physiological parameters showed no association between MI ability and HR and SpO2. Conclusion The objective assessment of MI engagement in PaS remains challenging in clinical settings. However, HR was confirmed as a reliable parameter to assess MI engagement in PaS. Eye movements measured with the SE during MI did not resemble those during PE, which is presumably due to the demanding task. A re-evaluation with task adaptation is suggested.
Ginkgo biloba Efficacy in the Treatment of Drug-Induced Parkinsonism: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background Drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) is one of the most common movement disorders in approximately 20 - 35% of patients on antipsychotic medications. Managing the symptoms of DIP is challenging due to the limited number of potentially effective medications. On the other hand, this restricted possible treatment could have numerous side effects that ultimately result in patients stopping the medication all at once. The neuroprotective property of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb) emerged as an effective commodity for the additional treatment of psychiatric disorders. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of EGb in psychiatric patients with symptoms of DIP. Methods A sample of 63 patients who met the inclusion criteria were recruited and randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. Both groups were followed for 3 months. One group received 80 mg of G. biloba three times a day, and the control group received a placebo. The patients were evaluated using the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale and Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Results Ginkgo could change the intensity of rest tremors, the severity of motor symptoms, rigidity, and bradykinesia. Ginkgo biloba might alleviate the severity of parkinsonism and motor symptoms and could lead to changes in the two components of working memory and short-term memory. Conclusions Ginkgo biloba extract can be used as an effective and safe treatment in the management of DIP, whether in patients diagnosed with psychotic disorders or mood disorders.
Transition superfluide et potentiels géométriques dans le gaz de Bose bidimensionnel

Le travail de these expose dans ce manuscrit porte sur le gaz de Bose bidimensionnel. La premiere partie presente l'observation de la transition de Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless dans un gaz de rubidium 87 ultra-froid, confine dans un piege mixte magnetique et optique. La localisation precise du point critique et la confrontation des donnees experimentales a un modele theorique permettent de clarifier le role de l'excitation residuelle du mouvement axial et l'influence du potentiel de confinement transverse. La deuxieme partie decrit le nouveau montage experimental, sur lequel les prochaines experiences auront lieu. Les premieres observations realisees sur celui-ci concernent l'expansion libre a deux dimensions d'un gaz de rubidium 87 bidimensionnel. Cette expansion se caracterise par une invariance d'echelle, qui revele la nature des interactions entre atomes. La troisieme partie illustre l'utilisation de potentiels geometriques dans un gaz neutre ultra-froid afin de simuler l'action d'un champ magnetique sur des particules chargees. Ces potentiels, associes a la notion de phase de Berry, peuvent etre generes par couplage des atomes a un champ laser. Une proposition de realisation experimentale devant conduire a la nucleation de vortex est detaillee.
Extreme Wave Loading on a Vertical Circular Cylinder

Extreme wave loading on a marine structure, consisting of a quasi-static and a dynamically slamming component, often drives the design of such a structure. Their accurate predictions remain challenging tasks. This paper examines the slamming contribution to the force–time histories from a series of experiments in which the crest of a wave is forced to hit a truncated cylinder suspended from above. A range of inundation levels, representing the breaker heights, are considered. The work also provides insights into nonlinear load characteristics on a vertical truncated cylinder. A simple analytical model based on the Newtonian momentum analysis is extended to describe the scaling of the horizontal peak force with the inundation level, i.e., the relationship between the wave slamming loads and the breaker height. More specially, it is found that the peak horizontal impact force is proportional to the inundation level and the square of the linear wave amplitude. In addition, the horizontal and the vertical impact forces on a truncated cylinder are found to increase with the increasing inundation level, while the effect from the wave steepness is relatively small. Furthermore, the higher-order wave components driving nonlinear (quasi-static) loading on a structure are separated by applying a phase-based separation method assuming a Stokes-like approximation. The separation method is found to work well even for long shallow-water waves that have strong nonlinearities. The results suggested that the relative contribution from the fundamental linear wave and higher-order wave components decreases and increases with the increasing nonlinearity of long waves, respectively, characterized by the Ursell number. Finally, this increase in the higher-order wave components is found to be saturated at large Ursell numbers.
Pathogenesis of Alcoholic Fatty Liver a Narrative Review

Alcohol effect hepatic lipid metabolism through various mechanisms, leading synergistically to an accumulation of fatty acids (FA) and triglycerides. Obesity, as well as dietary fat (saturated fatty acids (FA) versus poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)) may modulate the hepatic fat. Alcohol inhibits adenosine monophosphate activated kinase (AMPK). AMPK activates peroxisome proliferator activated receptor a (PPARα) and leads to a decreased activation of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SRABP1c). The inhibition of AMPK, and thus of PPARα, results in an inhibition of FA oxidation. This ß-oxidation is further reduced due to mitochondrial damage induced through cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1)-driven oxidative stress. Furthermore, the synthesis of FAs is stimulated through an activation of SHREP1. In addition, alcohol consumption leads to a reduced production of adiponectin in adipocytes due to oxidative stress and to an increased mobilization of FAs from adipose tissue and from the gut as chylomicrons. On the other side, the secretion of FAs via very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) from the liver is inhibited by alcohol. Alcohol also affects signal pathways such as early growth response 1 (Egr-1) associated with the expression of tumour necrosis factor α (TNF α), and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) a key regulator of autophagy. Both have influence the pathogenesis of alcoholic fatty liver. Alcohol-induced gut dysbiosis contributes to the severity of ALD by increasing the metabolism of ethanol in the gut and promoting intestinal dysfunction. Moreover, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) via specific Toll-like receptor (TLR) bacterial overgrowth leads to the translocation of bacteria. Endotoxins and toxic ethanol metabolites enter the enterohepatic circulation, reaching the liver and inducing the activation of the nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) pathway. Pro-inflammatory cytokines released in the process contribute to inflammation and fibrosis. In addition, cellular apoptosis is inhibited in favour of necrosis.
Systemic Model of Educational Teacher Knowledge: Teacher Collaboration as the Main Key

Models for understanding teacher knowledge do not consider the possibility of teachers themselves generating it. The model of Verástegui y Úbeda (2022) has developed in response to the need to overcome this limitation, which it does by including teacher agency as a key element for understanding teacher knowledge. The aim of this research is to define the degree of operationalisation of the Systemic Model of Educational Teacher Knowledge, using a qualitative methodology comprising discourse analysis of a semi-structured interview and focus groups with a total of 25 teachers. The main findings show that the model is comprehensible to teachers, it partially approximates their experience, and it incorporates new elements for understanding the nature of the concept. Consequently, this research makes it possible to overcome some dichotomies in the conceptualization of educational teacher knowledge and incorporate collaborative dynamics into its comprehension and generation. Finally, updates to the model are suggested, highlighting the inclusion of three elements of pedagogical content knowledge – personal, enacted, and collective – and new research lines are proposed to validate its capacity for researching the object of study.
Optimisation Géométrique d'une Machine à Commutation de Flux à Aimants Permanents en utilisant un Modèle Analytique Magnéto-Acoustique

Cet article presente les resultats d'une optimisation de la geometrie des Machines a Commutation de Flux a Aimants Permanents (MCF-AP) basee sur des criteres multi-physiques magneto-acoustiques en utilisant un modele entierement analytique visant a predire le fonctionnement magnetique, mecanique et acoustique de ces structures. L'optimisation est realisee sur une structure triphasee 12/10 et sur une structure pentaphasee 20/18 pour une alimentation et une vitesse donnes. Le modele analytique, presente et valide experimentalement, permet un gain de temps non negligeable dans la prediction des phenomenes magneto-acoustiques en comparaison d'un modele elements finis et permet naturellement son implementation dans un algorithme d'optimisation.
Can Likert Scales be Treated as Interval Scales?—A Simulation Study

ABSTRACT The Likert scale is widely used in social work research, and is commonly constructed with four to seven points. It is usually treated as an interval scale, but strictly speaking it is an ordinal scale, where arithmetic operations cannot be conducted. There are pros and cons in using the Likert scale as an interval scale, but the controversy can be handled by increasing the number of points. Several researchers have suggested bringing the number up to eleven, on the basis of empirical data. In this article the authors explore this rational and share the same view, but simulate artificial data from both symmetrical normal and skewed distributions where the underlying metric is known in advance. Results show that more Likert scale points will result in a closer approach to the underlying distribution, and hence normality and interval scales. To increase generalizability social work practitioners are encouraged to use 11-point Likert scales from 0 to 10, a natural and easily comprehensible range.
Nuclear norm and indicator function model for matrix completion

Abstract In the matrix completion problem, most methods to solve the nuclear norm model are relaxing it to the nuclear norm regularized least squares problem. In this paper, we propose a new unconstraint model for matrix completion problem based on nuclear norm and indicator function and design a proximal point algorithm (PPA-IF) to solve it. Then the convergence of our algorithm is established strictly. Finally, we report numerical results for solving noiseless and noisy matrix completion problems and image reconstruction.
Keyframe Selection of Frame Similarity to Generate Scene Segmentation Based on Point Operation

Video segmentation has been done by grouping similar frames according to the threshold. Two-frame similarity calculations have been performed based on several operations on the frame: point operation, spatial operation, geometric operation and arithmatic operation. In this research, similarity calculations have been applied using point operation: frame difference, gamma correction and peak signal to noise ratio. Three-point operation has been performed in accordance with the intensity and pixel frame values. Frame differences have been operated based on the pixel value level. Gamma correction has analyzed pixel values and lighting values. The peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) has been related to the difference value (noise) between the original frame and the next frame. If the distance difference between the two frames was smaller then the two frames were more similar. If two frames had a higher gamma correction factor, then the correction factor would have an increasingly similar effect on the two frames. If the value of PSNR was greater then the comparison of two frames would be more similar. The combination of the three point operation methods would be able to determine several similar frames incorporated in the same segment
Effect of thermal processing on the quality parameters of ghee incorporated with curry leaf (Murraya koeneigii) extract

This study examined the effect of adding antioxidants, namely curry leaf extract (CLE) and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), on the physicochemical properties of ghee during deep frying. The results showed that the addition of CLE to ghee resulted in significant changes in the L*, a*, and b* values, likely due to the extraction of chlorophyll molecules during CLE preparation. Deep frying caused a decrease in L* values and an increase in a* and b* values of ghee, as well as an increase in the redness and yellowness indices, with control ghee experiencing the most significant changes. The viscosity of ghee increased during frying, and the increase was less in ghee with added antioxidants. Antioxidant-added ghee showed the least increase in total polar compounds (TPC) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) during frying, which are indicators of oil degradation. CLE and BHA were found to inhibit the production of Cholesterol Oxidation Products (COPs) in ghee during deep frying for up to 45 minutes. Control ghee showed the presence of both COPs (5α, 6α-epoxide and 7β-hydroxy cholesterol) after 45 minutes of frying, whereas ghee with added CLE and BHA had only 5α, 6α-epoxide after 45 minutes of frying.
Analisis Chatbot Otomatisasi Tugas Administratif dan Manajemen Dalam Lingkungan Digital Dengan Menggunakan Python

Dalam era digital saat ini, otomatisasi tugas administratif dan manajemen telah menjadi suatu kebutuhan yang mendesak dalam upaya meningkatkan efisiensi dan produktivitas. Dalam penelitian ini, kami menyajikan analisis otomatisasi tugas administratif dan manajemen menggunakan platform chatbot yang dikembangkan dengan Python. Dalam analisis ini, kami mengidentifikasi beberapa tugas administratif yang sering terjadi dalam lingkungan digital, termasuk pengelolaan User atau user management, pengelolaan tugas, dan penyediaan informasi dasar kepada pengguna. Penelitian ini mencakup analisis kebutuhan dan identifikasi tugas administratif dan manajemen yang paling relevan dalam konteks lingkungan digital. pengembangan dan konfigurasi Chatbot menggunakan Python dan pustaka terkait untuk mengimplementasikan logika dan proses yang diperlukan untuk tugas-tugas administratif, pengujian dan evaluasi kinerja Chatbot dalam menangani tugas-tugas tersebut, termasuk kecepatan respons, akurasi, dan kehandalan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Chatbot mampu secara efektif dan efisien menangani tugas-tugas administratif dan manajemen dalam lingkungan digital. Chatbot dapat memberikan respons yang cepat dan akurat kepada pengguna, mengurangi waktu dan usaha yang diperlukan untuk tugas-tugas rutin, dan membebaskan sumber daya manusia untuk fokus pada tugas yang lebih strategis. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi pada pengembangan chatbot berbasis Python untuk otomatisasi tugas administratif dan manajemen dalam lingkungan digital. Penggunaan Chatbot dapat membantu organisasi meningkatkan efisiensi operasional, mengoptimalkan pengelolaan waktu, dan memberikan layanan yang lebih responsif kepada pelanggan.
Blood Flow in the Microcirculation

The microcirculation is an extensive network of microvessels that distributes blood flow throughout living tissues. Reynolds numbers are much less than 1, and the equations of Stokes flow apply. Blood is a suspension of cells with dimensions comparable to microvessel diameters. Highly deformable red blood cells, which transport oxygen, have a volume concentration (hematocrit) of 40–45% in humans. In the narrowest capillaries, these cells move in single file with a surrounding lubricating layer of plasma. In larger vessels, the red blood cells migrate toward the centerline, reducing the resistance to blood flow. Vessel walls are coated with a layer of macromolecules that restricts flow. At diverging bifurcations, hematocrit is not evenly distributed in the downstream vessels. Other particles are driven toward the walls by interactions with red blood cells. These physiologically important phenomena are discussed here from a fluid mechanical perspective.
A New Projection Type Algorithm for Compressive Sensing

Compressive sensing (CS) is to recover a sparse signal from an undetermined linear system, which has received considerable interest, and some customized iterative methods for solving CS have been proposed in recent years. In this paper, we further consider an algorithm for solving the CS. To this end, a new projection-type algorithm (PTA) is proposed to solve CS based on a new formulation of the problem, which needs only one projection onto the nonnegative quadrant and only one value of the mapping per iteration. Global convergence results of the new algorithm is established. Furthermore, we illustrate the eﬃciency of given algorithm through some numerical examples on sparse signal recovery