Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Study on Battery System Design for Battery Ships Conforming to CHAdeMO

SOC: State of charge in battery [%] SOCAh: SOC based on integrated current value [%] SOCWh: Percentile of available energy in battery [%] vb: Battery voltage [V] vb-open: Open voltage of battery [V] pnav: Propulsion power discharged from battery [W] pc: Charging power into battery [W] Pload: Power consumed by onboard apparatuses [W] Tberth: Time length while ship is moored at berth [sec] Tc: Time length of charging battery [sec] Tnav: Time length on voyage [sec] Wmax: Maximum energy in full charged battery [Wh] Wberth: Increase and decrease energy during Tberth [Wh] Wc: Charged energy into battery during Tc [Wh] Wini: Available battery energy at starting voyage [Wh] Wnav: Consumed energy during Tnav [Wh] Wmin: Required surplus energy at finishing voyage [Wh]
Public School Superintendent Sagacity: A Foundation for Financial Leadership

In an era of accountability, competition for student enrollment, and the necessity to balance district budgets, district leaders are seeking to thrive despite these legitimate stressors. Among the responsibilities of a superintendent, financial leadership balanced with instructional leadership is critical to the success of a school district and the leader. This study sought to explore how superintendents construct their financial leadership savvy and develop financial sagacity in a context where they are under stressful and ever-changing conditions. Findings from this study indicate that superintendents rely primarily on professional networks to inform their decision making and that there is a significant relationship between job experience and stress related to school finances. Researchers also identified implications for superintendents related to level of stress, the importance of professional networks and mentoring, and the essence of creative strategies aligned to financial decision making for superintendents.
Ontario Human Rights Commission Right to Read Report: Sincere, Passionate, Flawed

The Right to Read report highlights the fact that children who experience dyslexia are not being adequately supported in Ontario schools. The report’s call for the establishment of a more effective identification and intervention infrastructure within the school system is timely and persuasive. Unfortunately, the Right to Read report advances two unsubstantiated claims to explain the reading difficulties some children experience in the early grades. Specifically, it argues that Ontario schools are failing to teach reading skills effectively for all students, not just those with specific reading disabilities. Second, it attributes this general failure to the fact that most Ontario schools implement a balanced approach to reading instruction, which the report claims, pays insufficient attention to teaching sound/letter correspondences in a systematic, explicit, and intensive way. Neither of these claims is supported by the scientific data. Ontario students are consistently among the top performers in cross-Canada and international comparisons of reading performance. Furthermore, the empirical research is fully consistent with the implementation of a balanced or contextualized approach to literacy instruction that integrates the teaching of sound/symbol relationships with a more general commitment to immerse children into a literacy-rich instructional environment.
Threat evaluation and jamming allocation

A threat evaluation and jamming allocation (TEJA) system is proposed and implemented to optimise the jamming strategy of a platform. This TEJA system accounts for the different effects of jamming techniques on threats and radar modes, the interaction between jamming techniques and channels, the relative frequency and bandwidth used by threats, the uncertainty of the threat environment, and models the progression of threats through various radar modes from initial search to final guidance. Performance of the TEJA system is evaluated for a complex mission which considers a platform with two jammers penetrating an area with ten threats. The TEJA system is shown to be computationally efficient by using an exhaustive search to determine the optimum jamming strategy. The developed jamming strategy allows the platform to survive a mission despite its complexity.
Multi-Cell-to-Multi-Cell Battery Equalization in Series Battery Packs Based on Variable Duty Cycle

Batteries are widely used in our lives, but the inevitable inconsistencies in series-connected battery packs will seriously impact their energy utilization, cycle life and even jeopardize their safety in use. This paper proposes a balancing topology structure combining Buck-Boost circuit and switch array to reduce this inconsistency. This structure can realize multi-cell-to-multi-cell (MC2MC) battery balancing by controlling the switch array and having a fast balancing speed, easy expansion and few magnetic components. Then, the operation principle of the proposed balancing topology is analyzed, and the simulation model is verified. In addition, the effects of switching frequency and voltage difference on the equalization effect are further analyzed. The results show that the higher the switching frequency, the lower the time efficiency, but the higher the energy efficiency. The voltage difference significantly impacts the duty cycle, so it is absolutely necessary to introduce a variable duty cycle in the multi-cell-to-multi-cell equalization. Finally, eight series batteries are selected for simulation verification. The simulation results show that, compared with any-cell-to-any-cell (AC2AC) equalization, the time efficiency of multi-cell-to-multi-cell equalization is improved considerably, the energy efficiency is improved slightly, and the variance of the completed equalization is reduced, demonstrating the excellent performance of multi-cell-to-multi-cell equalization.
Beamforming for antennas on general wedge- and cylindrical-shaped surfaces

Adaptive beamforming antennas capable of accommodating the growing number of wireless subscribers throughout the world has become an essential part of modern wireless systems. In this work, the beamforming of a conformal antenna on a changing conformal surface is studied by relating the varying position of each antenna element in the array to the weighting coefficients (i.e, array weights) required to give a desired antenna beamformation. In particular, the beamforming of a 1×4 array on a changing wedgeand cylindrical-shaped surface is studied using the projection method on a wavefront of a transmitted wave in a particular direction. To validate the theory, a 1×4 prototype antenna with individual voltage-controlled phase shifters and attenuators is used to implement the computed weights of each individual antenna element for measurements in an anechoic chamber. Overall agreement between theory, simulations and measurements is shown throughout the work. Furthermore, the effects of mutual coupling and changing conformal surfaces on the behavior of the beamforming pattern and array weights is investigated and summarized.
Graphene-Based Flexible Electrode for Electrocardiogram Signal Monitoring

With the rapidly aging society and increased concern for personal cardiovascular health, novel, flexible electrodes suitable for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal monitoring are in demand. Based on the excellent electrical and mechanical properties of graphene and the rapid development of graphene device fabrication technologies, graphene-based ECG electrodes have recently attracted much attention, and many flexible graphene electrodes with excellent performance have been developed. To understand the current research progress of graphene-based ECG electrodes and help researchers clarify current development conditions and directions, we systematically review the recent advances in graphene-based flexible ECG electrodes. Graphene electrodes are classified as bionic, fabric-based, biodegradable, laser-induced/scribed, modified-graphene, sponge-like, invasive, etc., based on their design concept, structural characteristics, preparation methods, and material properties. Moreover, some categories are further divided into dry or wet electrodes. Then, their performance, including electrode–skin impedance, signal-to-noise ratio, skin compatibility, and stability, is analyzed. Finally, we discuss possible development directions of graphene ECG electrodes and share our views.
Wireless Power Transfer For Electric Vehicle

In this technical era some of the reasons which made the researchers to look out for the replacement of Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) are shortage of fossil-fuels, global warming due to emission of green house gases caused by petroleum, gasoline technologies. Electric Vehicles-EVs are substantial alternative for ICE. Electric vehicle on the road can save about an average of 1.5 million of grams of carbon monoxide. Thus, EVs become an enticing solution as it improves the health of the residents, quality of life and air. EVs driven by electric energy depends on the energy stored in the battery. The infrastructure for battery charging may be wired or wireless power transmission. EV is limited by the distance it can travel. In order to overcome the range anxiety, it is necessary to propose a Wireless Power Transfer (WPT)-a technology capable of making the charging mechanism automated This, wireless charging process is more convenient because of absence of wires and is more flexible and reduces the human intervention. This paper discusses about the WPT mechanisms integrated with IoT- Internet of Things to make aware of the user whether the charging carried out by the receiver coil or not, charging level of the battery and the distance it can travel with the available charging level. The converter topology for boosting the rectified voltage during power transmission for EVs is also discussed.
Fermentative products and bacterial community structure of C4 forage silage in response to epiphytic microbiota from C3 forages

Objective The observation that temperate C3 and tropical C4 forage silages easily produce large amounts of ethanol or acetic acid has puzzled researchers for many years. Hence, this study aimed to assess the effects of epiphytic microbiota from C3 forages (Italian ryegrass and oat) on fermentative products and bacterial community structure in C4 forage (sorghum) silage. Methods Through microbiota transplantation and γ-ray irradiation sterilization, the irradiated sorghum was treated: i) sterile distilled water (STSG); ii) epiphytic microbiota from sorghum (SGSG); iii) epiphytic microbiota from Italian ryegrass (SGIR); iv) epiphytic microbiota from oat (SGOT). Results After 60 days, all the treated groups had high lactic acid (>63.0 g/kg dry matter [DM]) contents and low pH values (<3.70), acetic acid (<14.0 g/kg DM) and ammonia nitrogen (<80.0 g/kg total nitrogen) contents. Notably, SGIR (59.8 g/kg DM) and SGOT (77.6 g/kg DM) had significantly (p<0.05) higher ethanol concentrations than SGSG (14.2 g/kg DM) on day 60. After 60 days, Lactobacillus were predominant genus in three treated groups. Higher proportions of Chishuiella (12.9%) and Chryseobacterium (7.33%) were first found in silages. The ethanol contents had a positive correlation (p<0.05) with the abundances of Chishuiella, Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, Chryseobacterium, and Sphingobacterium. Conclusion The epiphytic bacteria on raw materials played important roles in influencing the silage fermentation products between temperate C3 and tropical C4 forages. The quantity and activity of hetero-fermentative Lactobacillus, Chishuiella, Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, Chryseobacterium, and Sphingobacterium may be the key factors for the higher ethanol contents and DM loss in silages.
Low VπLπ and Driving Voltage Interleaved Silicon Phase Shifter for Modulation Applications

Interleaved doped Mach-Zehnder Modulators (MZMs) are one solution to attaining higher modulation efficiencies compared with lateral junction structures, due to greater modal overlap with the depletion regions of the PN junctions. In this work, we present an interleaved Si modulator device design and process simulation based on a three-step ion implantation process that aims to obtain a realistic PN junction doping profile using a Monte Carlo simulation method. A high doping concentration on the order of 5×1018 cm−3 for the P and N regions is explored. Device simulations to track the carrier motion under different voltage biases are performed. Using equivalent medium theory, we calculated the modulation efficiency Vπ·Lπ of the interleaved Si modulator to be 0.19 V·cm under 1V reverse bias. This work is among the highest reported modulation efficiencies thus far in MZMs without photonic resonance structures.
The Effect of Individual Workload Perceptions of Nurses Working in COVID-19 Clinics on their Attitudes towards Patient Safety

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of individual workload perceptions of nurses working in COVID-19 clinics on their attitudes towards patient safety. Method: The research was conducted in a descriptive and correlational type. The study sample consisted of 323 nurses working in COVID-19 clinics from different health institutions between February 15-April 15
Marketing Mix, Customers' Attitude, and Purchasing Intention in Social Commerce with Internet Access as a Moderating Variable

Objective: Based on cognitive-affective-conative theory, this study aims to create an integrated model that investigates the effects of six marketing-mix components (cognitive) on purchase intention (cognitive) in social commerce (SC) via customer's attitude toward SC (affective). Design/Methods/Approach: An online survey was used to facilitate the collecting data procedure. A structural equation model with partial least squares is employed to analyze valid data from 200 members of the SC store (Coulisses) who have never purchased in SC. Findings The results from PLS analysis show that only two components of the SC marketing mix (SCMM) have significant effects on customers' attitude toward social commerce (Att.), which is social influence (SI) and SC needs (SCN). Moreover, customers' attitude toward SC value positively influences purchase intention (PI). Another finding from this research was that internet access (IA) could not moderate the relationship between Att. and PI. Originality: This paper explained the overarching impacts of SCMM components on PI in SC, as mediated by Att. This study enriches the SCMM theory, which is scarcely discussed nowadays despite the rapid development of SC. Practical/Policy implication: Practical implications are made for new and old online sellers who want to expand their channels. Sellers need to focus on the role of influencers in their trading business. Moreover, sellers should accommodate more product varieties at competitive prices and quality to compete with offline shops' products.
Bias temperature instability (BTI) in GaN MOSFETs

GaN is a promising alternative to Si for transistors for power electronics. For high-voltage applications, the GaN high electron mobility transistor with insulated gate (MIS-HEMT) is an attractive transistor structure because of its high breakdown voltage combined with low gate leakage current. Impressive device performance has recently been reported. However, before GaN MIS-HEMTs cab be deployed in the field, reliability and stability issues need to be solved. In particular, the threshold voltage (VT) instability under high voltage and temperature stress, sometimes referred to as bias-temperature instability (BTI), is a serious concern. The physical mechanisms responsible for BTI in GaN MIS-HEMT are not well understood. This is mainly because of the complex gate stack with multiple layers and interfaces, which presents many trapping sites with complex dynamics. In this work, a simpler GaN MOSFET structure is used to isolate the role of the gate oxide and the oxide/GaN interface in BTL. Using a carefully designed benign characterization approach, we have studied in detail the response to positive and negative gate bias stress of GaN MOSFETs with various gate dielectrics. This has allowed us to postulate relevant physical mechanisms. For positive gate stress (PBTI), positive VT shifts are caused by a combination of electron trapping in pre-existing oxide traps and trap generation either at the oxide/GaN interface (SiO2/GaN) or in the oxide close to the interface (A1203/GaN). For negative gate stress (NBTI), three degradation mechanisms are proposed. In low-stress regime, recoverable electron detrapping from pre-existing oxide traps takes place resulting a temporary negative VT shift. In mid-stress regime, a transient positive Vr shift is probably caused by electron trapping in the GaN channel under the edges of the gate. In high-stress regime, there is a permanent negative VT shift, which is consistent with interface state generation. In addition, we have confirmed that for benign positive and negative gate bias stress, there is a unified reversible mechanism that accounts for the device dynamics and that is electron trapping/detrapping in pre-existing oxide traps. This work provides fundamental understanding to elucidate the reliability and instability of high-voltage GaN MIS-HEMTs. Thesis supervisor: Jesus A. del Alamo Title: Professor of Electrical Engineering
Simulation of SEPIC-CHMLI based micro inverter for high step-up voltage conversion

Within the photovoltaic power-generation market, the ac PV module has shown obvious growth. This paper proposes an implementation of Single Ended Primary Inductor (SEPIC) converter and cascaded multi level inverter for an AC load using Photovoltaic energy as a source. This paper proposes a converter that employs a continuous- conduction-mode SEPIC converter with low reverse-recovery loss. To convert the boosted DC output voltage from PV module into AC, a cascaded multi level inverter with multi carrier pulse width modulation is implemented. An operation principle and a detailed analysis of the proposed converter are presented. A 12V input voltage, (220-230)V output voltage of the proposed converter has been implemented. The simulation work of these SEPIC converter and cascaded multi level inverter fed RL load have been done using MATLAB software.
Morbid Obesity in Women Is Associated with an Altered Intestinal Expression of Genes Related to Cancer Risk and Immune, Defensive, and Antimicrobial Response

Background: Little is known about the relation between morbid obesity and duodenal transcriptomic changes. We aimed to identify intestinal genes that may be associated with the development of obesity regardless of the degree of insulin resistance (IR) of patients. Material and Methods: Duodenal samples were assessed by microarray in three groups of women: non-obese women and women with morbid obesity with low and high IR. Results: We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with morbid obesity, regardless of IR degree, related to digestion and lipid metabolism, defense response and inflammatory processes, maintenance of the gastrointestinal epithelium, wound healing and homeostasis, and the development of gastrointestinal cancer. However, other DEGs depended on the IR degree. We mainly found an upregulation of genes involved in the response to external organisms, hypoxia, and wound healing functions in women with morbid obesity and low IR. Conclusions: Regardless of the degree of IR, morbid obesity is associated with an altered expression of genes related to intestinal defenses, antimicrobial and immune responses, and gastrointestinal cancer. Our data also suggest a deficient duodenal immune and antimicrobial response in women with high IR.
Hyperspectral Image Classification: Potentials, Challenges, and Future Directions

Recent imaging science and technology discoveries have considered hyperspectral imagery and remote sensing. The current intelligent technologies, such as support vector machines, sparse representations, active learning, extreme learning machines, transfer learning, and deep learning, are typically based on the learning of the machines. These techniques enrich the processing of such three-dimensional, multiple bands, and high-resolution images with their precision and fidelity. This article presents an extensive survey depicting machine-dependent technologies' contributions and deep learning on landcover classification based on hyperspectral images. The objective of this study is three-fold. First, after reading a large pool of Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, SCI, and SCIE-indexed and SCIE-related articles, we provide a novel approach for review work that is entirely systematic and aids in the inspiration of finding research gaps and developing embedded questions. Second, we emphasize contemporary advances in machine learning (ML) methods for identifying hyperspectral images, with a brief, organized overview and a thorough assessment of the literature involved. Finally, we draw the conclusions to assist researchers in expanding their understanding of the relationship between machine learning and hyperspectral images for future research.
Level of Social Media Addiction of Y and Z Generation in North Cyprus

As technology has advanced, daily interpersonal communication has also altered and shifted to a different level. With the widespread use of the internet and personal technological gadgets hitting the market, social web and social media settings became the essential field of communication for humankind. Now, mostly people use internet-based social communication webs to communicate instead of having face-to-face interaction. This study will focus on the subject of social media addiction in North Cyprus. Our main focal point is the purposes of social media usage, the habits of social media usage and addiction of social media, ranging from the vast majority of the current population, who have experienced technology from a young age, Y generation, and those born into technological innovations, Z generation. During the research it has been used Aylin Tutgun-Ünal’s “Social Media Addiction Scale” (SMAS) in order to analyze the social media addiction of Y and Z generations. SMAS consisted of 41 articles and was approved as constituting validity and authenticity in 2015. Besides Facebook, SMAS measured other addictive social media applications in use. It has attempted to find answers for our research questions by comparing and analyzing Y and G generations scores. By the end of this research, results enabled to determine that the Y and Z generations were on a low-scale addictiveness to social media. In any case, it has been noticed how the socially addictive scale was low with occupation, mood adjustment and differentiation on the levels of repetition and conflict. According to the research findings, participants' social media engagement was on a medium level of addictiveness; women spend more time on social media than men, receiving emotional support; social media is mostly used for interpersonal communication; and Y generation has passing more time on social media compared with the Z generation.