Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Digital Assessment of the Reproductive Tract Versus Colposcopy for Directing Biopsies in Women With Abnormal Pap Smears

Objective: This study aimed to compare digital camera assessment of the reproductive tract (DART) to colposcopy for the evaluation of abnormal Pap smears. Materials and Methods: Participants included 207 women with abnormal Pap smears. Colposcopy and DART were performed on each patient by separate examiners with the goal of lesion detection. Analysis was performed per patient and per biopsy. Results: Patients had an average of 2.9 biopsies. Forty-two patients and 81 biopsies were positive for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2+. Both DART and colposcopy detected 41 (97.6%) of 42 patients (95% CI = 85.9%-99.9%). Digital camera assessment of the reproductive tract detected 66/81 (81.4%; CI = 70.7%-88.9%) and colposcopy detected 69/81 (85.2%; CI = 73.2%-92.4%) of biopsies that were cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2+. Conclusions: Digital camera assessment of the reproductive tract detects high-grade lesions of the cervix with similar sensitivity to colposcopy. It holds great promise to expand cervical cancer precursor lesion detection in areas with limited resources.
A Hybrid Neural Ordinary Differential Equation Based Digital Twin Modeling and Online Diagnosis for an Industrial Cooling Fan

Digital twins can reflect the dynamical behavior of the identified system, enabling self-diagnosis and prediction in the digital world to optimize the intelligent manufacturing process. One of the key benefits of digital twins is the ability to provide real-time data analysis during operation, which can monitor the condition of the system and prognose the failure. This allows manufacturers to resolve the problem before it happens. However, most digital twins are constructed using discrete-time models, which are not able to describe the dynamics of the system across different sampling frequencies. In addition, the high computational complexity due to significant memory storage and large model sizes makes digital twins challenging for online diagnosis. To overcome these issues, this paper proposes a novel structure for creating the digital twins of cooling fan systems by combining with neural ordinary differential equations and physical dynamical differential equations. Evaluated using the simulation data, the proposed structure not only shows accurate modeling results compared to other digital twins methods but also requires fewer parameters and smaller model sizes. The proposed approach has also been demonstrated using experimental data and is robust in terms of measurement noise, and it has proven to be an effective solution for online diagnosis in the intelligent manufacturing process.
LEVEL-UP/LEVEL-DOWN VOLTAGE LEVEL SHIFTER FOR NANO-SCALE APPLICATIONS

Multi supply voltage domain is an ultimate approach for reducing power consumption at system level. To interconnect multi supply voltage designs, and to prevent static current, the Level Shifters (LSs) need to be employed. The design of LSs with least power consumption and delay performance are the primary design constraints. In this research, a new architecture voltage level-up/level-down shifter for Nano-scale applications has been introduced with short circuit aware Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) logic, which executes level shifting operation with lower power consumption and delay. The designed circuit is useful to shift from as low as 0.2 V to 1.2 V and vice versa. Apart from operational range, the performance matrices like power, delay, and duty cycle of the circuit were optimized to meet the demands of nano scale applications. The proposed LS simulated using Synopsis tools at 90 nm technology. From the results, it has been observed that, the average “level-up” and “level-down” shift active power consumption is 9 nW and delay 1.5ns at 1 MHz signal frequency. The strength of the design has examined with different load and working conditions. The area occupied by the proposed design from the post-layout simulation is 5.87 µm 2 .
Use and abuse of fergaon. Modiﬁcaon of the soil in greenhouses in small-scale agriculture

Protected agriculture helps improve agricultural productivity, but if the management is not adequate, it will increase the risk of affecting the environment and the profitability of crops. Therefore, in the municipality of Tetela de Ocampo, Puebla, in 2021, the chemical environment of the soil in greenhouses in the region that use fertigation was evaluated. To identify the details of agricultural activities, a questionnaire prepared specifically was applied to cooperating farmers, collecting a composite soil sample (five subsamples) per unit of production evaluated and uncultivated lands were included as a reference of the initial condition. The analysis of the samples was based on the NOM-021-RECNAT-2000 (NOM). The average annual yield of tomato is 31 ±7.6 kg m -2 and 87% of greenhouses have an area of less than 3 000 m 2 . They have technical assistance provided by companies and individuals, which include training courses and periodic soil analysis. In this study, excessive levels of all the chemical indicators established in the NOM were detected in the soil; nevertheless, the same fertilization program that has been carried out for several years in the region continues.
Using Supply Chain Analysis to Examine the Costs of Non-Tariff Measures ( NTMs ) and the Benefits of Trade Facilitation

It has become increasingly common to produce goods in a number of geographically dispersed stages linked by international trade. This tendency, known by names such as “production fragmentation”, “processing trade”, and “vertical specialization”, has important implications for the analysis of nontariff measures (NTMs) and trade facilitation. First, different types of NTMs or trade facilitation issues are naturally associated with different stages in the movement of goods. Different price gaps can be assigned to these stages, making it possible to decompose the overall amount of distortion and to prioritize the policies with the largest potential efficiency gains. Second, NTMs may accumulate in long supply chains, implying that their trade-distorting effects are greater for goods produced in a fragmented manner than for goods with simple production processes. There is evidence that trade costs are more important for high technology goods or goods undergoing several stages of processing. Issues with product standards may be particularly important for goods with long supply chains. The link between NTMs and supply chains also has implications for economic development and for the relationship between liberalization in services and goods. JEL Classification: F13, F15, F29
Milk production and distribution in nine western states in the 1950s

This report provides information on milk distribution and dairy cattle feeding practices in Nevada, Utah and portions of seven other adjacent states during the 1950s. The information was gathered to support the US Department of Energy's ''Offsite Radiation Exposure Review Project (ORERP). '' This project is charged with providing radiation dose estimates for residents of Nevada, Utah, and surrounding states from nuclear weapons testing conducted at the Nevada Test Site from 1951 through 1962. The information on milk production and distribution is essential for assessment of the internal organ doses received by people as a result of ingesting radioactive fallout-contaminated foods. The information is used as input data for Colorado State University's PATHWAY computer code which estimates the ingestion of twenty radionuclides by people relative to a given level of fallout deposition.
A NUMERICAL STUDY OF EXCHANGE AND MIXING OVER A SILL AT THE MOUTH OF THE SAINT JOHN RIVER ESTUARY

The Saint John River discharges into the Bay of Fundy at the city of Saint John, New Brunswick. Although the Bay of Fundy at that location has tidal ranges of up to 8m, tides in the Saint John River Estuary are damped by the Reversing Falls and have a range of approximately 50cm. The tidal effects on the Saint John River are nevertheless significant. The mixing and exchange of salt and fresh water between the main Saint John River, the Kennebecasis Fjord and the exit to the open sea is strongly controlled by the presence of a shallow sill. The area is one of extreme spatial variability in salinity and temperature and acts as a laboratory for testing sound speed interpolation algorithms. The balance between the fresh water discharge of the Saint John River and the upstream intrusion of salt waters from the Bay of Fundy is examined in a numerical model of the estuary. QUODDY, a three- dimensional finite element baroclinic shelf circulation model, is used. The model has upstream and downstream open boundaries. These boundaries are forced with observations made over a tidal cycle in July 2001. Additional current and CTD data within the bounds of the model were obtained in June 2003. The observations are used to examine the performance of the model in various regions of the estuary. The gross circulation is adequately reproduced along the main Saint John River stem. However, due to the extremely thin and localized nature of the exchange, some detail is lost as a result of compromises in array size and computational speed. Problems were encountered in modelling the flow from the Saint John River Estuary into the Kennebecasis Fjord. The combination of particularly high density gradients together with strong topography found in this area pose challenges in the implementation of a sigma- coordinate model.
Laparoscopic versus open radical hysterectomy in early-stage cervical adenocarcinoma in FIGO2018: long-term survival outcomes after propensity score matching

Objective To compare long-term survival outcomes between laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH) and open radical hysterectomy (ORH) in early-stage cervical adenocarcinoma under the new FIGO 2018 staging guideline. Design Retrospective study Setting and population Early-stage cervical adenocarcinoma received LRH and ORH; 47 Chinese hospitals. Methods We matched patients with early-stage cervical adenocarcinoma in the new FIGO 2018 staging guideline with known risk factors for recurrence who underwent ORH and LRH. Main Outcome Measures 5-year overall survival and 5-year disease-free survival rates Results In total, 549 patients were enrolled in our study, including 235 patients in LRH group and 314 in ORH group. After matching some factors that may aﬀect the prognosis, each group had 223 patients. There was no diﬀerence in DFS between LRH and ORH in risk-adjusted analysis (HR1.258, 95% CI: 0.507-3.125, P=0.621). There was no diﬀerence in OS between LRH and ORH in risk-adjusted analysis (HR1.961, 95% CI: 0.536-7.183, P=0.309). LRH resulted in signiﬁcantly lower estimated blood loss (361.2 versus 165.3 ml, P < 0.001) and shorter postoperative anal exhaust time (2.8 versus 2.5 days, P = 0.003) . Intraoperative complication ( 2.7% versus 5.8%,P=0.101) and postoperative complication ( 5.8% versus 6.3%, P=0.843) rates were similar in the two groups. Conclusions LRH has comparable survival outcomes with ORH and was associated with earlier recovery in early-stage adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix. LRH may be an appropriate option for early-stage cervical adenocarcinoma compared with ORH.
stranded on

Plastic debris is the most common and exponentially increasing human pollutant in the world’s ocean. The distribution and impact of plastic in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans have been the subject of many publications but not so the Indian Ocean 20 (IO). Some of the IO rim countries have the highest population densities globally and mismanagement of plastic waste is of concern in many of these rim states. Some of the most plastic-polluted rivers empty into the IO with all this suggesting that the IO receives a tremendous amount of plastic debris each year. However, the concentration, distribution and impacts of plastics in the IO are poorly understood as the region is under-sampled compared to other oceans. In this review, we discuss sources and sinks, which are specific to the IO. We also discuss unique atmospheric, oceanographic, and topographic features 25 of the IO that control plastic distribution, such as: reversing wind directions due to the monsoon, fronts, and upwelling regions. We identify hotspots of possible plastic accumulation in the IO, which differ between the two hemispheres
Corporate Board Attributes and Tax Aggressiveness of listed Non-financial Firms in Nigeria

The study investigated corporate board attributes and tax aggressiveness of listed non-financial firms in Nigeria . The population of the study consists of one hundred and fourteen (114) non - financial firms in Nigeria. The study employed purposive sampling techniques to select seventy five (75) non-financial firms as the sample size based on availability of data. Secondary data was obtained from the audited annual financial reports of the listed non – financial firms in Nigeria from 2012 - 2021. Hypotheses formulated were tested using panel least squares regression through pooled effect, fixed effect, and random effect, determined by the Hausman test, fixed effect regression was preferred for results interpretation with the aid of E-views 10 econometric statistical software. Findings show that board independence, board expertise and board CEO nationality had positive and significant effects on tax aggressiveness of listed non-financial firms in Nigeria. Board size, board meeting had negative and insignificant effects on tax aggressiveness of listed non-financial firms in Nigeria while, board gender diversity had positive but insignificant effects on tax aggressiveness of listed non-financial firms in Nigeria. The study concludes that attributes of the board might have little or no impact on the corporate tax aggressiveness as the directors are not responsible for a firm tax management strategy. The study recommends, among others, that non-financial firms should be encouraged to have more of independent directors in their corporate boards since they are perceived to have influence on choice of tax management strategy, and also possess similar ideas and contributions towards tax aggressiveness. Emphasis on larger board size should be discouraged since it has insignificant effect on tax aggressiveness of non-financial firms in Nigeria. Finally, regular board meetings should be minimized since it was found to have insignificant effect on tax aggressiveness of non-financial firms in Nigeria.
Trends and patterns of internal migration in the Philippines, 1970-1980

With respect to the growing awareness that migration affects national development, there is a need to keep researchers, planners and policy makers informed of current trends on internal migration. Only updated studies could provide valuable insights on demographic movements, and be helpful in framing policies to alter or regulate the population redistribution. The purpose of this paper is precisely is to determine the nature of more recent geographic patterns of internal migration in the Philippines, as documented by migration data from the two latest censuses (1975 and 1980), with emphasis on regional migration streams (volume and direction). The present study is a methodological extension of previous research, since migration data here are adjusted for information on "Not Stated". Its purpose is to update, verify or correct findings rather than repeat the earlier studies. In the census tabulation, the term "Not Stated" was used to designate persons 5 years old and over who have not reported their province of residence at the time of previous censuses. The number of this class of enumerated persons was quite high. Therefore, absence of adjustment "Not Reported" constitutes a serious drawback to analysis and could lead to a truncated view of migration trends and patterns. The analysis below seeks to provide facts rather than explanations as to why these facts exist. This limitation is due to our exclusive utilization of demographic data, whereas a full understanding of migration motivation needs the consideration of social and economic data. This research work has seven major findings. Two of these results are related to the intercensal migration status of the population, four are connected with the volume and direction of migration streams, while the last finding concerns the sex selectivity of migration.
Tráficos portuarios por mercancía en España (1995-2010). Análisis económico a partir de las importaciones y exportaciones

ESTA investigación es continuación de las realizadas con anterioridad por Coto-Millán et al. (2005 y 2011) pero con algunas innovaciones importantes. En primer lugar, en las investigaciones anteriores, el transporte marítimo era estudiado en función de su división más característica procedente de las estadísticas portuarias según presentación de mercancía. Así, se estimaron en CotoMillán et al. (2005) los modelos de demanda de importaciones y exportaciones marítimas de mercancía general, mientras que en Coto-Millán et al. (2011) se estimaron estas funciones para mercancía general, graneles sólidos, graneles líquidos y contenedores. Además, en el primer trabajo mencionado, el análisis se refirió al período 1975.I1993. IV. El inicio se justificaba por la crisis del petróleo, momento en el que se produjo un cambio estructural del comercio internacional, y el final en el momento de la entrada en vigor del Mercado Único Europeo, el 1 de noviembre de 1993. En Coto-Millán et al. (2011) se realiza el análisis del período 1994.I-1998.IV, que comienza con la entrada en vigor del Tratado del Mercado Único Europeo y finaliza en 1998, empleando la seria estadística más actualizada de la Agencia Tributaria Española en pesetas. La investigación que a continuación se presenta tienen como período de referencia 1995.I-2007.IV. La razón de la elección de estas fechas es que las nuevas series estadísticas de la Agencia Tributaria Española se han iniciado con una nueva metodología desde 1995 en adelante, con datos en euros; y la finalización en 2007 se realiza para evitar que los resultados se vean afectados por los efectos de la actual crisis financiera. Si bien se ha realizado un análisis descriptivo ampliando el período de referencia hasta 2010.
Decarbonizing Road Transport Sector through Electric Mobility in Pakistan

Road transport sector in Pakistan relies heavily on fuel imports; hence it takes a heavy toll on Pakistan’s fuel import bill (Anwar, 2016). Pollution in major cities has reached alarming levels (Usman et al., 2019). Apparently, Pakistan currently faces a power surplus crisis. Increased EVs penetration could serve as a productive power demand to achieve adequate level of utilization of existing power capacity and bring down unit cost of electricity. Electrification of transportation is one of the effective means to reduce energy intensity in the road transport sector (Lee et al., 2021). Besides, EVs offer lower running and operational costs, as well as lower tailpipe emissions. All these factors put together make a strong case for EV adoption in Pakistan.
The new education: E-Learning

This chapter contains sections titled: why can’t every student earn an a? , Teaching and technology, Applying collect-relate-create-donate, Collect: Gather Information and Acquire Resources, Relate: Work in Collaborative Teams, Create: Develop Ambitious Projects, Donate: Produce Results That Are Meaningful to Someone Outside the Classroom, A science festival scenario, The skeptic’s corner
Beyond Binary Choices: Integrating Individual and Social Creativity the Nature of Creativity ____________________________________________ 3 2.1. Individual Creativity __________________________________________________ 4 2.2. Social Creativity _____________________________________________________ 4 3

The power of the unaided individual mind is highly overrated. Although society often thinks of creative individuals as working in isolation, intelligence and creativity result in large part from interaction and collaboration with other individuals. Much human creativity is social, arising from activities that take place in a context in which interaction with other people and the artifacts that embody collective knowledge are essential contributors. This paper examines: (1) how individual and social creativity can be integrated by means of proper collaboration models and tools supporting distributed cognition; (2) how the creation of shareable externalizations (" boundary objects ") and the adoption of evolutionary process models in the construction of meta-design environments can enhance creativity and support spontaneous design activities (" unselfconscious cultures of design "); and (3) how a new design competence is emerging—one that requires passage from individual creative actions to synergetic activities, from the reflective practitioner to reflective communities, and from given tasks to personally meaningful activities. The paper offers examples in the context of collaborative design and art practice, including urban planning, interactive art, and open source. In the effort to draw a viable path " beyond binary choices " , the paper points out some major challenges for the next generation of socio-technical environments to further increase the integration of individual and social creativity.
IMAGE CAPTIONING WITH ATTENTION

Image captioning is the fundamental task of scene recognition and understanding, it is achieved by combining two vast ﬁelds of Machine Learning namely Computer Vision and Natural Language Processing. In this project we are interested in studying the performance of several image captioning encoder-decoder architectures by using different encoder networks and comparing the BLEU scores of the captions generated by the architecture. Furthermore, we have also used an attention based approach to focus on particular sections of the image and accordingly describe it. The MSCOCO dataset was used to train and test our network.
A Study on Employee Commitment and its Impact on Sustainability of Leather Footwear Industry in Tirupattur District-Tamilnadu

The purpose of this study is to identify the impact of Employees Commitment on Sustainability of Leather Footwear Industry. The three commitments (Affective, Normative and Continuance) have been taken as independent variables and Organisational Sustainability as dependent variable. The descriptive research design was adopted in this study. Five point Likert Scale type measuring scale was constructed and administered among selected staff of Leather Footwear Industry in Tirupattur District-Tamilnadu. The results of the study indicate that Employees Commitment is significantly related to Organisational Sustainability. It has also been proved from the results that there exists brawny correlation between the Employee Commitment and Organizational Sustainability. These outcomes in turn are associated with guiding the top management for working towards increasing employees’ commitment level, and the management should hire employees who are likely to become linked to the organization, this shall have a great impact and take the organization towards promising competitive edge.