Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IN VITRO ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY BY GLUCOSE UPTAKE OF YEAST CELL ASSAY AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF ANNONA RETICULATA L. LEAF EXTRACTS

The undesirable adverse effects of present available synthetic drugs endorse the modern medicine to search the superior choice for the treatment of metabolic diseases. Herbal medicine turns out to be a hopeful therapy for the effective treatment of diabetes in foreseeable future. In an effort to render a scientific evidence for the antidiabetic potential of Annona reticulata L. , the present research, with the objective to evaluate the ability of A. reticulata leaf extracts on antihyperglycemic property under in vitro using yeast cell model was performed. Besides, as the diabetes and its complications are highly associated with the oxidative stress, the current study was also focussed on antioxidant property of A. reticulata leaf extracts. The scavenging ability of plant extracts on free radical 2, 2 – diphenyl- 1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing power assay and total antioxidant activity were performed to establish the antioxidant potential of A. reticulata leaf extracts. The in vitro antidiabetic ability of A. reticulata leaves was evaluated by glucose uptake method using yeast cell model. Among the four chosen solvent extracts- aqueous, methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane, methanol extract (MeE) exhibited high antioxidant potential. MeE exhibited 62.28% of DPPH inhibition at 200µg/ml, with total antioxidant activity 164.72 ± 2. 63µg/ml and higher absorbance in reducing power assay (1.15 ± 0.03). In vitro antidiabetic activity by glucose uptake of yeast cell assay was evaluated and observed dose dependant rise in % of glucose uptake in methanol, ethylacetate and aqueous extracts of A. reticulata. MeE showed 48.55% of glucose uptake at 500µg/ml concentration. Hence the present study could be concluded as A.reticulata leaves possess potent antioxidant activity and antidiabetic activity under in vitro conditions. With the outcome of the present initial study, research work could be extended further; thereby the exact pharmacological action of the plant compounds could be discovered.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Functionalized Holey Graphene/Sulfur Composite for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are promising energy storage devices owing to their high theoretical energy density and environmental friendliness. However, drawbacks such as poor conductivity of element sulfur, “shuttle effect,” and serious volume expansion hinder the application of Li–S batteries. Herein, this paper reports a functionalized holey graphene/sulfur composite fabricated by a facile one‐pot synthesis method as the cathode for Li–S batteries. The uniformly and densely distributed microholes are etched out on graphene sheets by H2O2 oxidation, with the tunable hole‐ size and the oxygen‐functional group doping along the hole‐edge. The numerous microholes serve as the fast pathways for ions through the graphene sheets, while the polar oxygen‐functional groups inhibit the movement of lithium polysulfides. Such a functionalized holey graphene/sulfur composite with the optimal hole‐size of 0.6 nm shows a significantly enhanced electrochemical performance compared with the control sample without the microholes or functional groups.
Construction of Volume Parametric Model Based on Segmentation of Thermal Field

: In term of the post-processing of topology, a construction algorithm is proposed for the volumetric parameterized model which is suitable for the finite element quadrilateral meshes and the hexahedral meshes. Firstly, a steady thermal field is applied to the finite element mesh model and the thermal field data is obtained by the finite element method according to the characteristics of thermal field. Then, a series of sub-domain segmentation operations are performed on the thermal field data, such as extracting geometric surface mesh, extracting equal-value domain, removing neighborhood overlap, finding corner point and contour line intersection on geometric boundary and dividing non-quadrilateral domain, so as to obtain all the quadrilateral sub-domains. In the end, sorting point and obtaining the control points of B splines are performed for the discrete boundary of the quadrilateral subdomains. The volume interpolation algorithm is used to realize the volume parameterization construction of complex model. The example results of 2D and 3D show that the algorithm can accurately and efficiently realize the subdomain segmentation and the volume parameterization construction of complex models that are suitable for isogeometry analysis. Our method provides a feasible approach for the post-processing of topology optimization.
Using Postmarket Surveillance to Assess Safety-Related Events in a Digital Rehabilitation App (Kaia App): Observational Study

Background Low back pain (LBP) affects nearly 4 out of 5 individuals during their lifetime and is the leading cause of disability globally. Digital therapeutics are emerging as effective treatment options for individuals experiencing LBP. Despite the growth of evidence demonstrating the benefits of these therapeutics in reducing LBP and improving functional outcomes, little data has been systematically collected on their safety profiles. Objective This study aims to evaluate the safety profile of a multidisciplinary digital therapeutic for LBP, the Kaia App, by performing a comprehensive assessment of reported adverse events (AEs) by users as captured by a standardized process for postmarket surveillance. Methods All users of a multidisciplinary digital app that includes physiotherapy, mindfulness techniques, and education for LBP (Kaia App) from 2018 to 2019 were included. Relevant messages sent by users via the app were collected according to a standard operating procedure regulating postmarket surveillance of the device. These messages were then analyzed to determine if they described an adverse event (AE). Messages describing an AE were then categorized based on the type of AE, its seriousness, and its relatedness to the app, and they were described by numerical counts. User demographics, including age and gender, and data on app use were collected and evaluated to determine if they were risk factors for increased AE reporting. Results Of the 138,337 active users of the Kaia App, 125 (0.09%) reported at least one AE. Users reported 0.00014 AEs per active day on the app. The most common nonserious AE reported was increased pain. Other nonserious AEs reported included muscle issues, unpleasant sensations, headache, dizziness, and sleep disturbances. One serious AE, a surgery, was reported. Details of the event and its connection to the intervention were not obtainable, as the user did not provide more information when asked to do so; therefore, it was considered to be possibly related to the intervention. There was no relationship between gender and AE reporting (P>.99). Users aged 25 to 34 years had reduced odds (odds ratio [OR] 0.31, 95% CI 0.08-0.95; P=.03) of reporting AEs, while users aged 55 to 65 years (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.36-4.84, P=.002) and ≥75 years (OR 4.36, 95% CI 1.07-13.26; P=.02) had increased odds. AEs were most frequently reported by users who had 0 to 99 active days on the app, and less frequently reported by users with more active days on the app. Conclusions This study on the Kaia App provides the first comprehensive assessment of reported AEs associated with real-world use of digital therapeutics for lower back pain. The overall rate of reported AEs was very low, but significant reporting bias is likely to be present. The AEs reported were generally consistent with those described for in-person therapies for LBP.
The characterization of water-soluble inorganic ions in PM2.5 during a winter period in Xi'an, China

ABSTRACT The characteristics of water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) during a winter period in a suburb of Xi'an, China, were investigated. Our results show that the total mass concentration of the dominant WSIIs (8) was 91.27 µg m–3, accounting for 50.1% of the total mass concentration of PM2.5 (particulates with a size of 2.5 µm or less). Secondary inorganic aerosols (SO42−, NO3− and NH4+) were the most abundant ions, accounting for up to 95.12% of the total ions. By using the anion and cation equivalence ratio method, PM2.5 was shown to have weak alkalinity, and the chemical forms of WSIIs were mainly (NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3. The sulfur oxidation ratio (SOR) and nitrogen oxidation ratio (NOR) suggested that larger proportions of SO42− and NO3− were formed by gas-phase SO2 and NO2 in the sampling site. Ratio analysis also indicated that anthropogenic sources significantly contributed to WSII pollution. Among the anthropogenic sources, fixed pollution sources were found to be dominant over mobile sources.
Global Yield Curve Event Risks

DAVID A. HSIEH is professor of finance at Duke University's Fuqua School of Business in Durham, North Carolina. n 1994, the U.S. bond market witnessed the sharpest decline in fifty years. When the Federal Reserve raised interest rates, the three-month Treasury b d rate I rose 286 basis points, while the thirty-year Treasury bond yield rose 199 basis points. An equally dramatic shift occurred with the shape of the yield curve (bond yeld less bdl rate), whch narrowed by 171 basis points. In 1995, we saw the sharpest rally in the bond market since the October 1987 stock market crash. The first nine months of 1995 saw the three-month bill rate decline 72 basis points and the thirty-year bond yield fall 148 basis points. Once again, the spread between them moved sipficantly, widening 208 basis points. To illustrate the unpredictable nature of extreme yield curve shfts, contrast these examples with the experience in 1987. During the first ten months of 1987, the bill rate rose 189 basis points, and bond yield rose 296 basis points. The spread between them, in fact, widened by 208 basis points. After the stock market crash, the bill rate came down by 136 basis points, and bond yeld fell 145 basis points. Bond-to-bill spread narrowed 103 basis points. Such extreme non-parallel yield curve moves dramatically increase the risk of interest rate positions, particularly for fixed-income arbitrageurs who historically exploit the relations of spreads across various markets. The key question we pose in ths article is: Are extreme changes in the level of interest rates more correlated with extreme changes in yield spreads than we think? The relation between short-term rates and the slope of the yield curve is especially important from a risk management perspective. Consider a portfolio of bonds with various maturities. The portfolio's value is affected by changes in the short-term interest rate and
Change or Consistency? A Historical Overview of South Africa's Post-apartheid Foreign Policy

This study examines the trajectory of South Africa's post-apartheid foreign policy by establishing the extent of change or consistency in its implementation since 1994. Under the ruling African National Congress (ANC), South Africa has emerged as a promising international actor, particularly within the Southern African region and on the African continent in general. The authors provide a historical analysis of the major trajectories of foreign policy articulation under the administrations of Presidents Nelson Mandela, Thabo Mbeki and Jacob Zuma spanning the period 1994 to 2018. In investigating the conception and execution of foreign policy under these dispensations, the authors unravel a consistent but skewed pattern of national role conception that underscores Pretoria’s vision to be a major actor in international affairs, both regionally and globally. We conclude that South Africa’s foreign policy during this period was marked by Mandela’s altruism, Mbeki’s Afrocentrism and the antediluvian signature of Zuma.
Design and Signal Processing Techniques on 0.18um CMOS Hall Microsensors

This paper presents the design of 0.18m CMOS Hall plates, characterized with high sensitivity and very low offset and the further signal processing block comprised of main second order switched capacitor filter and anti-aliasing filter. As a result, we developed a method for signal processing, which presents minimal 1/f noise values.
Blockchain Technology for Trustworthy Operations in the Management of Strategic Grain Reserves

Food is a daily requirement for everyone, while production patterns are seasonal. Producing sufficient nutrients is becoming more difficult because water and soil resources are already stressed and are becoming increasingly strained by climate change. Improving food security requires expertise in various areas, including sophisticated climate models, genetics research, market and household behaviour modelling, political shock modelling, and comprehensive environmental research. Additionally, governments stockpile grains to enhance national food security. These reserves should engage in markets only according to clear and transparent regulations and within defined price ranges to facilitate market functioning. It increases the demand for better technology in public administration to boost the management and distribution capacity while concentrating on improved controls and transparent governance systems. Blockchain technology emerges as a promising technology to enhance visibility, transparency, and data integrity with an immutable distributed ledger to increase trust in the parties’ business transactions. This paper discusses blockchain technology and its potential role in strategic grain reserve management.
A Middle American Ameiva, Holcosus festivus (Teiidae), as prey of the Banded Calico Snake, Oxyrhopus petolarius (Dipsadidae)

1Grupo de Ecología y Diversidad de Anfibios y Reptiles, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia (mateo2805@hotmail.com) 2Ecología Tropical, Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela 3Research Associate, Museo de Historia Natural, Centro de Museos, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
On the geometry of Cayley automatic groups

In contrast to being automatic, being Cayley automatic a priori has no geometric consequences. Specifically, Cayley graphs of automatic groups enjoy a fellow traveler property. Here, we study a distance function introduced by the first author and Trakuldit which aims to measure how far a Cayley automatic group is from being automatic, in terms of how badly the Cayley graph fails the fellow traveler property. The first author and Trakuldit showed that if it fails by at most a constant amount, then the group is in fact automatic. In this paper, we show that for a large class of non-automatic Cayley automatic groups this function is bounded below by a linear function in a precise sense defined herein. In fact, for all Cayley automatic groups which have super-quadratic Dehn function, or which are not finitely presented, we can construct a non-decreasing function which (1) depends only on the group and (2) bounds from below the distance function for any Cayley automatic structure on the group.
Differential Expression of Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) and Stress-Related Genes in Rice Overexpressing MPK3 and MPK6 under Abiotic Stress

Plants being sessile have ability to adapt themselves in constantly changing and challenging environment by perceiving external/internal cues and transducing them down to the nucleus for appropriate cellular reorganization. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) is a common reaction of plant cells towards such cues in development-related signal transduction pathways. The downstream events after the activation of MAPKs are largely unknown in plants. In the present study, we examined the effect of arsenic, salt and drought stress on growth parameters and transcript profiling of MAPKs, silicon transporters andstress responsivegenes in transgenic rice overexpressing OsMPK3 and OsMPK6 under the control of a dexamethasone (DEX)-inducible promoter, and possible role MAPKs in stress tolerance. Our results revealed that OsMPK3 and OsMPK6 overexpressing lines under arsenic stress and drought stress enhanced the transcript level of stress responsive genes, encoding enzymes superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutamine synthetase and aldehyde oxidase. Upregulation in transcripts profiling of three silicon transporter genes OsLsi1, OsLsi2 and OsLsi6 showed improved stress tolerance ability of OsMPK3 and OsMPK6 overexpressing lines by effective absorption of silicon. The fundamental knowledge about the function of MPK3 and MPK6, important member of MAPKs family may also lead to an engineered plant tolerant to various abiotic and biotic stresses.
Microstructure, Martensitic Transformation, and Inverse Magnetocaloric Effect in Ni48Mn39.5Sn12.5−xAlx Metamagnetic Shape Memory Alloys

The effect of Al substitution on microstructure, martensitic transformation and magnetocaloric properties in Ni48Mn39.5Sn12. 5−xAlx (x = 0, 1, 2, 3) alloys is reported. At room temperature, depending on Al concentration, the alloys have typical Heusler L21 austenite structure and/or orthorhombic martensite structure with Pmma space group. A secondary Ni-Mn-Al phase also appears already for low Al concentrations (x ≥ 1). On cooling, irrespective of Al substitution, all the samples show ferromagnetic type ordering below 303 K in the austenite phase. The martensitic transition temperature varies with Al content. All the alloys undergo magnetic field-induced reverse martensitic transformation giving rise to an inverse magnetocaloric effect. The largest magnetic entropy change (8.5 J·kg−1·K−1) is observed near 280 K for the Ni48Mn39.5Sn12. 5 alloy.
Primary repair of tetralogy of fallot and major aorto-pulmonary collateral arteries with suspected Noonan syndrome: A rare case

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a congenital heart disease that includes ventricular septal defect (VSD), pulmonary stenosis (PS), right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), and an overriding aorta. Cyanotic heart defect can develop aorto-pulmonary collateral (APCA) to supply underperfused pulmonary bed. Genetic syndromes can occur in 20% of patients with TOF. In developing countries, diagnosed genetic syndromes associated with heart defects have not been covered by health insurance, even though the outcome of primary repair is still unknown. We report a case of an 11-year-old boy admitted with cyanosis since birth, dyspnea on effort, growth delay, learning problems, scoliosis, micropenis, hypertelorism, exophthalmos, facial dysmorphism, cryptorchidism, and major aorto-pulmonary collaterals. The patient underwent an echocardiographic study. It showed VSD malalignment with overiding aorta 48%, critical pulmonary stenosis, size of pulmonary arteries favorable for primary repair. Cardiac catheterization showed classic fallot with normal coronary arteries and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCA) arising. The patient underwent percutaneous coil embolization just before surgery. There was a problem during induction, the anesthetist found it hard to place the ETT because there was membrane-like covering the trachea. A median sternotomy was then done, and aortic cross-clamping was achieved. Right atriotomy was performed and provided exposure to the malalignment VSD. A longitudinal pulmonary arteriotomy was made to expose the infundibular stenosis. Infundibulectomy was performed and reconstructed the MPA with a pericardial patch. The VSD was closed using a PTFE patch. The patient was transferred to ICU afterward. Post-operative echocardiography showed a good outcome, and 15 days after surgery, the patient was discharged. We conclude that primary Repair TOF with MAPCAs and suspected Noonan Syndrome was done successfully.
Antioxidant properties of two alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) ecotypes in response to sodium chloride salinity stress

Biochemical and physiological responses of alfalfa under salinity stress were comparatively studied in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design by using Yazdi as the tolerant and Diabolourde as the sensitive ecotypes. Salt levels of 100, 150 and 200 mM were prepared by adding sodium chloride to the Hoagland half-strength culture medium. Total phenolics content, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), β-glucosidase and antiradical activities of leave′s extract, stomata properties and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the leaves including Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo were measured in response to salinity stress. Stomata characters were reduced in both ecotypes but chlorophyll fluorescence parameters only declined in Diabolourde but not in the Yazdi ecotype. The PPO and β-glucosidase activities increased in both ecotypes. The phenolics content and antiradical activities increased in the Yazdi ecotype at all salt levels but those of Diabolurde increased only at the higher salinity levels. Our observations indicated that the Yazdi ecotype manipulated biochemical and physiological responses more efficiently to alleviate the reduction of growth parameters under salinity.
Theoretical study on the interaction of CO2 and H2O molecules with metal doped-fluorinated phthalocyanines

This investigation reports the molecular properties of metal (M = Mg, Sc, Cu, Zn) doped-fluorinated phthalocyanines (M-FPcs) and their ability to separate and capture CO2 in the presence of H2O using DFT studies. The structural investigations of M-FPcs show that Sc-FPc alone is non-planar while other M-FPcs exhibit a planar geometry. The HOMO–LUMO gap shows that Sc-FPc is least stable and hence more reactive. The DOS plot shows the influence of 3d-orbitals of Sc, Cu and Zn on F-Pc. On interacting M-FPcs with CO2 and H2O, it can be seen that the interaction of H2O is greater than CO2. The trend of CO2 interaction is as follows: Sc > Mg > Zn > Cu. Furthermore, Gibbs free energy for the Sc-FPc + CO2 system shows that the interaction is spontaneous and feasible while for Mg, Cu and Zn FPc the interaction is non-spontaneous. However, H2O spontaneously interacts with all the metal FPcs and destabilizes the systems except for Sc-FPc in which H2O interaction stabilizes the molecule. The calculated adsorption capacity (n) value shows that all the metal–phthalocyanine systems have higher adsorption capacity for CO2 than for H2O. Interestingly, the adsorption of CO2 on Sc-FPc differs by an order of 108 with respect to H2O. Furthermore, the adsorption capacity is low for systems having metals with high van der Waals radii. Conclusively, the Sc-FPc is the best-suited material for CO2 separation and capture in the presence and absence of water molecules, respectively.
Prevalence and risk factors of pre hypertension and hypertension among postmenopausal women of urban slums of Hyderabad

Introduction: Hypertension is the leading risk factor as well as component of cardiovascular diseases which is on rise and emerging as a major public health problem. Due to the paucity of studies among postmenopausal women on pre hypertension and hypertension this study was taken up in urban slums of Hyderabad. Aim and Objectives: 1. To determine the prevalence of pre hypertension and hypertension among post menopausal women and; 2. To assess their relationship with risk factors. Materials and Methods: A community based cross sectional study was undertaken in urban slums of Hyderabad among four hundred and thirty post menopausal women. Detailed history on dietary, lifestyle, personal habits, reproductive and socio demographic variables was taken to relate with pre hypertension and hypertension which was graded using Joint national committee (JNC 7). Results: The prevalence of pre hypertension was 29% and hypertension was 35% among post menopausal women. Significant association was found with increasing age, duration of menopause, family history of hypertension, extra salt intake and sedentary lifestyle. Conclusions: Hypertension among post menopausal women poses a major threat due to complications associated with it and these are much amenable by primordial and primary preventive strategies. Keywords: Pre hypertension, Hypertension, Modifiable risk factors, JNC7, Primordial prevention, Post menopause.