Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tactile Displays for Orientation, Navigation and Communication in Air, Sea and Land Environments (Les systemes d'affichage tactiles pour l'orientation, la navigation et la communication dans les environments aerien, maritime et terrestre)

Abstract : ELECTRONIC FILE CHARACTERISTICS: 23 files; Adobe Acrobat (.PDF) and HTML. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: 1 CD-ROM; 4 3/4 in. ; 11.9 MB. ABSTRACT: This report describes the state-of-the-art of touch-based displays in military environments: neurophysiology, psychophysics, perceptual and human factors issues, hardware and integration issues and lessons learned, and future directions. The document gives an overview of NATO activities and is useful for both end users and designers.
Broad band dielectric spectroscopy as a diagnostic technique for water tree growth in cables

The dielectric response of a 50 metre length of XLPE coaxial signal cable has been measured at intervals during the growth of water trees. The cable is intended to act as a laboratory model of a service distribution cable. Changes can clearly be observed in the dielectric response of the system at both low and high frequencies.
Improved Torque and Flux Performance of Type-2 Fuzzy-based Direct Torque Control Induction Motor Using Space Vector Pulse-width Modulation

Abstract The conventional proportional integral controlled direct torque control of an induction motor using the space vector pulse-width modulation technique may provide satisfactory dynamic response. However, the proportional integral controller (PIC) does not provide efficient dynamic performance in the induction motor drive during sudden changes in the load or speed. To improve dynamic performance of the induction motor drive, the PICs are replaced by type-2 fuzzy logic control. The type-2 fuzzy improves the starting transient performance as well as the steady-state response. In addition, the type-2 fuzzy direct torque control provides lesser current total harmonic distortion, flux distortion, and torque pulsation of the induction motor drive compared to conventional direct torque control. A MATLAB Simulink (The MathWorks, Natick, Massachusetts, USA) model for direct torque control with type-2 fuzzy logic control is developed to simulate the response of an induction motor drive with different operating conditions. The space vector pulse-width modulation technique is used to drive the inverter, as it produces lesser total harmonic distortion in inverter current and voltage waveforms for a given switching transition due to the single switching frequency for the movement of each state vector. A prototype type-2 fuzzy-based direct torque control induction motor with space vector pulse-width modulation is developed to validate the simulated response. The control signals for the inverter are generated by the DSPACE DS1104 (DSPACE GmbH, Germany) to drive a two-HP induction machine.
Causation

Although the concept of causation is ubiquitous both in science and in every-day life, it is far from pre-theoretically clear. Theories of causation are designed to render precise what causation amounts to and, thereby, to provide conceptual frameworks against the background of which empirical research into causation becomes possible. This article, first, discusses the dimensions of variance between different theories and, second, presents the core ideas behind those theories with highest relevance for political science: the regularity theory, the probabilistic theory, the counterfactual theory, the interventionist theory, and the mechanistic theory. 1 A history of disagreement Causation is one of the most basic concepts regulating our interaction with the world. It is omnipresent both in science and in every-day life. Correspondingly, it is among the oldest topics in western philosophical and scientific theorizing. Aristoteles, Aquinas, Descartes, Hobbes, Galileo, Spinoza, Leibniz, Locke, Newton, Hume, Kant, Mill, Reichenbach—just to name some of the most prominent figures—have devoted important parts of their work to this topic. A multitude of different theories of causation, many of which incompatible, have been proposed over the centuries. Even to this day, conflicting theories continue to co-exist— ultimately because they are embedded in, and draw their justification from, incompatible background metaphysics and ontologies, which are notoriously difficult to reconcile (see also the chapter by Moses in this Handbook). In consequence, despite in-depth and centuries-old investigations into the topic no consensus has been reached on the most fundamental question: what is causation? Is it an objective feature of our world or is it something we, as observers, project onto the world? Is it something that actually governs what occurs around us or is it a concept that merely facilitates theorizing about those occurrences? Is it a matter of the instantiation of regularities or laws, or of counterfactual dependence, or of probability raising, or of manipulability, or of mechanisms? Does it only obtain between occurrences in space and time or does it also obtain between absences of such occurrences? And more specifically, is it a transitive relation or not; is it a deterministic relation or not? It is beyond the scope of this article to give an overview over the multitude of arguments for and against the different answers that have been given to these questions over time. Instead, I focus on establishing the importance of developing explicit theories of causation rendering transparent the understanding of causation presupposed in a given research context. Moreover, the article provides
Little Machines in Their Gardens: A History of School Gardens in America, 1891 to 1920

“Little Machines in their Gardens: A History of School Gardens in America, 1891 to 1920” explores the rise and decline of the school garden movement in the United States. The paper first documents the early history of the gardens and establishes them as a national phenomenon that weaves together Progressive governance, the Back to Nature Movement, and early education reform. The paper then seeks to explain the sudden demise of the school gardens after 1920 by exploring the changes in American urban life and the nature of the professions that promoted the gardens
Utilisation d’un altimètre (ALTUS) destiné à la quantification des dépôt/érosion en domaine littoral pour l’étude des corrélationsavec les caractéristiques de vagues et les interfaces de dépôt

L’évaluation quantitative fine des séquences d’érosion/dépôt des sédiments superficiels est primordiale pour comprendre les processus et établir des bilans sédimentaires en domaine littoral. Le système ALTUS a été conçu, depuis plus d’une décennie, pour répondre à cet objectif. Les possibilités de mesures offertes par cet altimètre (mesures à court terme ou sur plusieurs mois) sont particulièrement appropriées pour permettre une validation des modèles numériques hydro-sédimentaires. L’intégration récente d’une carte mémoire de grande capacité a permis d’optimiser ce système. En effet, il est bien établi que la houle est un paramètre clé pour l’érosion des sédiments en zones intertidales, gouvernant ainsi le transport sédimentaire. Le système ALTUS, outre l’enregistrement du suivi altimétrique, permet d’accéder aux caractéristiques de vagues (hauteur, période significative, frottement sur le fond…) Des corrélations peuvent ainsi être établies entre une érosion constatée et la dynamique du milieu (vagues, impacts anthropiques…) Dans ce papier il est également fait état de tests en laboratoire réalisés dans le but d’évaluer la capacité d’ALTUS à détecter une modification relativement « brutale » des caractéristiques physiques du sédiment des dépôts superficiels.
Archaeology International

The Faculty of Social and Historical Sciences at UCL highlighted heritage and conservation, the environment and biodiversity as key challenges to be addressed as part of its Strategic Vision for 2019–29. Staff at Archaeology South-East (ASE) are actively pursuing research into live-stock and landscapes and how knowledge of past farming regimes has wider public benefit in terms of informing modern choices regarding food production, sustainability and nature recovery. The author of the present article has also engaged with conservation bodies on aspects of historic grazing and current rewilding projects. This article is intended as an introduction to the essential elements of this work, highlighting how archaeologists and heritage professionals can contribute to debates surrounding the future of our countryside. It draws on a previous blog post as well as themes pursued for associated publication outputs.
OVERVIEW: The Impact of 3-D Seismic Data on Exploration, Field Development, and Production

Three-dimensional (3-D) seismic surveys have proved to be powerful tools for imaging the subsurface since their introduction in the mid-1970s. Today, 3-D seismic surveys demonstrate high cost/benefit ratios by reducing dry-hole risk and by providing better well placement for flow rates and drainage. Additional benefits include improved reserves estimates and shorter cycle times for appraisal and development project planning. Also, old fields with declining production profiles are being rejuvenated. 3-D seismic surveys are revolutionizing the geophysical industry, with far-reaching effects on the exploration and production business worldwide. With improvements provided by substantial investments in technology, 3-D seismic surveys will play an even more significant role in field development and production strategies in the years to come.
A Review for the Adopted Techniques in Low SNR Communication Systems

The study and evaluation of digital communication systems in low signal-to-noise power ratio (LSNR) environments is a hot and important topic due to its wide contemporary applications. This review is an attempt to focus on the most distinctive vital parameters required in the analysis and design of such systems. It includes a brief literature survey for many algorithms, techniques, methodologies, and mitigations that have been used to overcome the high noise problem encountered in these systems in order to guarantee reliable communication. Amongst these topics, the study reviews the most widely utilized modulation techniques in LSNR communication systems such as the On-Off Keying (OOK) and binary PSK schemes. The capacity for both AWGN and wireless fading channels is also discussed along with a clarification of the minimum limits in these types of channels. On the other hand, some important and recommended detection and estimation techniques for low power communication systems are briefly covered. This unified study has additionally discussed spectral efficiency and bit energy trade-off within the low-power, and broadband systems, and different limitations are stated clearly. Finally, the survey throughout this paper recommends some significant techniques that can be used in the analysis and design of successful communication systems in LSNR regimes.
Co-circulation of two viral populations under vaccination

The interaction and possibly interference between viruses infecting a host population is addressed in this work. We model two viral diseases with a similar transmission mechanism and for which a vaccine exists. The vaccine is characterized by its coverage, induced temporary immunity, and efficacy. The population dynamics of both diseases consider infected individuals of each illness and hosts susceptible to one but recovered from the other. We do not incorporate co-infection. Two main transmission factors affecting the effective contact rates are postulated: i) the virus with a higher reproduction number can superinfect the one with a lower reproduction number, and ii) there exists some induced (indirect) protection induced by vaccination against the weaker virus that reduces the probability of infection by the stronger virus. Our results indicate that coexistence of the viruses is possible in the long term, even considering the absence of superinfection. Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 are employed to exemplify this last point, observing that the time-dependent effective contact rate may induce either alternating outbreaks of each disease or synchronous outbreaks. Finally, for a particular parameter range, a backward bifurcation has been observed for dynamics without vaccination.
A Survey of Sample Size Adaptation Techniques for Particle Filters

Abstract The paper deals with the particle filter in discrete-time nonlinear non-Gaussian system state estimation. One of the key parameters affecting estimate quality of the particle filter is the sample size. In the literature, there is a number of techniques coming from various ideas that aim at adapting the sample size while keeping quality in some sense fixed. The goal of the paper is to provide a survey of sample size adaptation techniques, to classify them and to discuss various aspects concerning the techniques.
Equipment design and facility layout for flexible biomanufacturing processes

In process development and manufacturing, the biopharmaceutical industry requires high flexibility in its production facilities. These suites must be capable of producing clinical material or even drug substances for the market. Several products are manufactured in parallel or shortly after one another, which is challenging especially for the equipment. Product titers are increasing due to improved cell line performances, and personalized medicine will lead to tailor‐made drugs for a smaller group of patients. The resulting reduced upstream volumes enhance the opportunities for complete single‐use manufacturing trains. These requirements must be considered already during the design phase of the manufacturing facility. Engineering efforts have to be reduced as much as possible in order to reduce cost and timelines. Generic platform concepts for the overall process enable a shorter execution time as well as more efficient qualification procedures. In this contribution, the focus is on production processes for monoclonal antibodies (mAb) as a major product class of the biopharmaceutical industry. Two case studies introduce process platform concepts integrating single‐use equipment for an existing building and for a greenfield facility.
Human-Computer Monitoring

Attentional factors can influence user interaction with automated and semiautomated monitoring systems. Three aspects of human-computer monitoring are considered in this paper: (1) vigilance effects in complex monitoring tasks, (2) factors influencing optimal combination of human and computer monitors, and (3) effects of increased automation on the relationship between mental workload and vigilance. Results of laboratory and simulation studies suggest that vigilance effects can limit performance in complex monitoring tasks. Performance deficits may occur because of either vigilance decrement over time or sustained low levels of vigilance. However, the specific factors that influence sustained performance with complex displays have not been identified precisely. Computer assistance to enhance performance is feasible but may not be effective in all cases. Performance gain is dependent on several factors, including the decision rule for combining human and computer decisions and the level of mental workload imposed on the human monitor. Finally, in assessing the impact of increased automation the beneficial effects on mental workload have to be traded off against possible adverse effects on vigilance. The implications of these factors for the design of automated monitoring systems are discussed.
Design of a dual-polarised antenna with high isolation and a metallic cube for beyond 4G small base station applications

Dual polarised antenna with high isolation for small base-station applications is proposed. The proposed antenna is composed of two metallic trapezoidal dipole elements, two metallic feed plates, a dielectric substrate, a metallic cube and a radome. The measured -10 dB impedance bandwidth is 2.4 GHz to 2.8 GHz in Port-1 and 2.5 GHz to 3 GHz in Port-2. The proposed antenna has an isolation of >45 dB at the centre frequency. The measured average antenna gain is 7.5 dBi, and the cross polarisations are all <;30 dB below the co-polarisation value.
OSPF-based model of adaptive routing and possibility for stable network operations

This paper deals with adaptive routing based on OSPF protocol. The main goal of adaptive routing is to provide network distribution of IP traffic so that links are as evenly as possible loaded without loosing IP packets in the network. This paper presents the routing model which collect the parameters from the network and, accordingly, calculates the values of OSPF link weight. To achieve adaptability, the fuzzy logic is used. Adaptive model is tested on the network simulator, and the simulation results indicate significant enhancements while using adaptive routing, comparing to simple OSPF routing based on pre-defined link weights. The network stability and enhancements increasing the model stability are especially analyzed.
A micromanipulation system with dynamic force-feedback for automatic batch microinjection

In this paper, we report the development of a prototype micromanipulation system for automatic batch microinjection of zebrafish embryos. Such automatic batch processing is made possible by (i) the development of a machine vision algorithm to identify the number of embryos in a batch and to locate the centerline of each embryo, (ii) the integration of a piezoresistive micro-force sensor with a micropipette to measure the penetration force of the embryo in real time and (iii) the synthesis of a position control with dynamic force feedback by exploiting the characteristics of the force profile associated with the microinjection process. The effectiveness of this prototype micromanipulation system has been demonstrated in an experiment. The experimental results demonstrate that the technique of position control with dynamic penetration-force feedback is practicable for automatic batch microinjection applications.
The social organisation of sexual relationships: an exploratory qualitative study

This study shows how contemporary understandings of relationships are wrought with the legacies of the past, while also being shaped by an increasingly complex, often technologically-mediated, novel social environment. Understanding these shifts in the social organisation of sexual relationships is vital to inform policies, tailor effective interventions to prevent the transmission of STIs, and to improve sexual health communication, services and outcomes. We explored the social organisation of sexual relationships through analysing qualitative data from eleven focus groups conducted in Scotland and England with members of the public and participants recruited from sexual health clinics. Purposive and convenience sampling elicited 57 participants (heterosexual, n=30, aged 18-30 years; men who have sex with men, n=27, aged 18-65 years). An initial thematic analysis was subsequently explored further in terms of its resonance with key constructs from sexual script theory. The study shows how the ways people perceive and talk about their relationships relates to the changing and multi-layered social organisation of relationships. Our findings emphasize how recent, labile, socio-cultural scenarios are shaping fluid and emerging interpersonal and intrapsychic sexual scripts leading to both new uncertainties and opportunities in the ways we relate to each other sexually.
Power p-i-n diode modeling using SPICE

A physics based model for the power p-i-n diode is implemented into the general circuit simulation package SPICE. This model based on a variational formulation and finite element solution of the semiconductor equations accurately describes the forward and reverse recovery as well as the conduction behaviour. The procedure used to implement the resulting model into SPICE is described. The simulations are finally compared with known experiments for demonstration of its effectiveness.
Experience with the Construction and Use of Polyphonic Test Signals based on Single Monophonic Recordings for Localisation Listening Tests

The paper presents experiments made in search of answers to two principal questions: 1. Can one single musician be made to sound like several musicians playing together? 2. In a music ensemble, where one of its constituents has a distinctive spectrum; how do the deviant spectral components influence a listeners ability of localising the source? In the first part of the experiment, a flute ensemble was attempted simulated. Based on a recoring of one flute playing a short piece, the flute was multiplied into a quintet. On the way, several properties were manipulated in an attempt to make the quintet sound like a real quintet; timing, spectrum, intensity, and phase. In the second part, one flute in a quintet was subject to a spectral tilt, i.e. high frequency components were boosted while low frequency components were diminished. A test panel was engaged to help evaluating the questions. First, the panel compared the simulated quintet to a reference quintet, trying to identify the simulation from the reference. Subsequently, listening to a reference quintet, the panel tried to localise the one flute which had undergone a spectral tilt. A musical piece was played 5 times; first, one of the flutes was moderately tilted, then the tilts magnitude was increased for every run until eventually being noticeable. For each run, the test panel was asked to indicate the tilted flute, or a random flute if none appeared tilted to them. The majority of the test panel did not manage to tell the simulated quintet from the reference. However, the reference may have been imperfect, and the simulation process somewhat affects sound quality. When it comes to localisation, a rather excessive tilt was necessary for the test panel to be able to localise it - even though more moderate tilts were clearly audible.
Robust Capon beamforming in presence of large DOA mismatch

In the presence of significant direction-of-arrival (DOA) mismatch, a robust Capon beamforming approach is proposed. The basic idea of the proposed method is first to estimate a set of the desired steering vectors corresponding to DOAs coming from a DOA uncertainty region by using the uncertainty set based approach, then a Bayesian approach is employed to obtain the weight vector.
INVESTIGATING VIRTUAL TEAMS: PATTERNS OF COMMUNICATION AND COLLABORATION IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING LEARNING TEAMS

This paper discusses the investigation of communication and collaboration patterns in how virtual teams involved in Global Software Development (GSD). This work is part of the Joint Masters in Software Engineering (JMSE) Tempus project funded by the European Union (EU) involving six partner country institutions (three from Egypt and three from Palestine) and universities from UK, Greece, Italy and Germany. The scope of the project is to create a joint postgraduate degree in software engineering, delivered via blended learning across the two countries. The current trend in software outsourcing, remote software development and deployment of GSD teams led the consortium to investigate the integration of virtual teamwork in most of the courses in the programme. A critical aspect of the project was assessing e-learning, virtual team and GSD platform infrastructures available for supporting such work in a feasible and sustainable way. This led to a requirements elicitation amongst partners and industrial advisors in relation to the e-learning delivery mode, the Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) functionalities required and the GSD mode to be used including virtual team structure as well as communication and collaboration processes to be deployed.
Special design considerations for filter banks in arc furnace installations

This paper focuses on the switching surge duties imposed on capacitors and air-cored reactors which are used in single tuned filters at arc furnace installations. Switching surge studies are often necessary to fully rate these components. Rating guidelines are provided. An example compares conventional filter designs with designs in which switching surges are considered.