Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nomogram to predict malignancy in branch duct type intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms

Prediction of malignancy in branch duct (BD)-type intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (BD-IPMNs) is difficult. In this retrospective study, we showed the performance of imaging biomarker and biochemical biomarker in identifying the malignant BD-IPMNs. A total of 97 patients with pathological proved BD-IPMNs were included in this study. Imaging data were collected from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Malignant BD-IPMNs were defined as those with high grade dysplasia and invasive carcinoma. There were 10 patients with malignant BD-IPMNs (10.3%). Significant difference was found in prevalence of mural nodule and tumor size >3.0 cm between patients with and without malignant BD-IPMNs (44.4% vs 3.1%, P < .01; 80.0% vs 33.3%, P < .01). Significant differences were observed in mural nodule and elevated carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) between patients with and without invasive carcinoma (40.0% vs 7.6, P = .05; 60% vs 15.3%, P = .04). Mural nodule and tumor size >3.0 cm were the independent associated factor for malignant BD-IPMNs. The odds ratio (OR) was 5.22 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–31.16) for mural nodule and was 6.80 (95% CI: 1.16–39.71) for cyst size >3.0 cm. The combined model of mural nodule and tumor size showed good performance in identifying malignant BD-IPMNs (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.67–0.97). Our data show that mural nodule and cystic size can be used as predictor of malignancy in BD-IPMN. The predictive performance is acceptable.
Pre-Breeding Prospects of Lablab (Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet) Accessions in Tanzania: Morphological Characterization and Genetic Diversity Analysis

Under-exploited crops such as Lablab purpureus are regarded a pathway towards alleviating the food and nutritional security in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed at evaluating the morpho-agronomic diversity present in 277 lablab accessions based on 38 morpho-agronomic traits. The experiment was laid out in an Augmented design across two main cropping seasons in Tanzania. Qualitative data was analysed using pivot tables. The Generalized Linear Model (PROC GLM), Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were used to analyse variation of 14 quantitative traits. The findings revealed the presence of wide variability of the qualitative traits in the studied accessions. Significant differences were observed among accessions, between seasons, the interaction of blocks and season, and the season and accession effects in most of the traits. Most of the traits had high significant differences in relation to contrast among accessions, among checks and between accessions and checks. The first five principal components cumulatively accounted for 61.89% of the total variability among the accessions studied. Furthermore, cluster analysis grouped the accessions into four major clusters. This results suggest the 14 morpho-agronomic traits can successfully discriminate and show presence of wide diversity vital for selection and hybridization program of lablab species.
Near‐surface oceanic kinetic energy distributions from drifter observations and numerical models

The geographical variability, frequency content, and vertical structure of near-surface oceanic kinetic energy (KE) are important for air-sea interaction, marine ecosystems, operational oceanography, pollutant tracking, and interpreting remotely sensed velocity measurements. Here, KE in high-resolution global simulations (HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model; HYCOM, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model; MITgcm), at the sea surface (0 m) and at 15 m, are compared with KE from undrogued and drogued surface drifters, respectively. Global maps and zonal averages are computed for low-frequency (<0.5 cpd), near-inertial, diurnal, and semidiurnal bands. Both models exhibit low-frequency equatorial KE that is low relative to drifter values. HYCOM near-inertial KE is higher than in MITgcm, and closer to drifter values, probably due to more frequently updated atmospheric forcing. HYCOM semidiurnal KE is lower than in MITgcm, and closer to drifter values, likely due to inclusion of a parameterized topographic internal wave drag. A concurrent tidal harmonic analysis in the diurnal band demonstrates that much of the diurnal flow is nontidal. We compute simple proxies of near-surface vertical structure—the ratio 0 m KE/(0 m KE + 15 m KE) in model outputs, and the ratio undrogued KE/(undrogued KE + drogued KE) in drifter observations. Over most latitudes and frequency bands, model ratios track the drifter ratios to within error bars. Values of this ratio demonstrate significant vertical structure in all frequency bands except the semidiurnal band. Latitudinal dependence in the ratio is greatest in diurnal and low-frequency bands. diurnal motions, arising from tidal and other sources; and low-frequency currents and eddies, forced by atmospheric fields. Global patterns in the models and drifters are broadly consistent. The two models differ in their degree of proximity to drifter measurements in the near-inertial band, most likely due to different update intervals for atmospheric forcing and in the semidiurnal band, most likely due to different damping schemes. A simple proxy for vertical structure of the currents, measured by differences in drifter flows at the surface versus 15 m depth, is tracked reasonably well by the models. Discrepancies between models and observations motivate future improvements in the models. (KE) two different with NOAA's Drifter (GDP). We divide KE into different via spectral analysis. We compare model results at the sea surface (0 m) with results from undrogued drifters and model results from 15 m depth with results from drogued drifters. Our ability to examine a wide range of frequencies is enabled by the in both models. We proxy
Case Report: Neoadjuvant immunotherapy with pembrolizumab alone for bilateral upper tract urothelial carcinoma is a feasible strategy for kidney sparing and avoidance of hemodialysis

In Taiwan, the incidence of upper-tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUCs) is higher than in western countries (20%–31% vs. 5%–10%), as is bilateral disease. The standard management for high-grade UTUC is radical nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision and regional lymphadenectomy. The challenges in managing bilateral UTUCs are how to retain renal function and avoid permanent hemodialysis. We present two cases of developed bilateral high-grade renal pelvis urothelial carcinoma, cT3N0M0 stage III, that revealed excellent results in tumor regression after three cycles of half-dose pembrolizumab. One case received unilateral retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision; thereafter, renal function has been good until now, and the remaining right kidney has been free of tumor recurrence in the 3 years of follow-up. The other patient, however, expired from an immune-related adverse event (irAE) 22 days after the third cycle of pembrolizumab, although tumor remission was evident also. Neoadjuvant pembrolizumab alone could be a potential strategy in positive of selected biomarkers for high-grade bilateral UTUC with remaining neglectable nephrotoxicity and may avoid permanent hemodialysis.
Exploring Blended Formatted Courses in Teacher Preparation Programs Through the Instructor Perspective

The purpose of our case study was to center better understanding the perceptions and per spectives of approaches to blended instruction among teacher education faculty to improve teacher preparation programs. Data were collected before and during COVID-19 in the USA. Our findings indicated that the faculty consistently practiced differentiation of instruction in their blended formatted courses and viewed this mode of delivery as having a positive impact on preparing teacher candidates on teaching specific content and the skills needed as profes - sional educators. Findings also revealed that the instructors faced obstacles, but they viewed this as a co-learning opportunity with their teacher candidates. With respect to COVID-19, our findings illustrated that successful adaptation of blended instruction among teacher edu cators is of an increased priority. The participants described the teaching techniques learned during the pandemic and stated they would incorporate these techniques to further improve their blended courses within teacher preparation in the future. We argue institutions should support faculty through investment in and promotion of faculty peer collaboration on structur ing and designing blended courses.
Distributed Baseline Load Estimation for Load Aggregators Based on Joint FCM Clustering

Residential customer baseline load (CBL) estimation is critical to Demand Response (DR) implementation. The accurate estimation of baseline load is challenging because of the complexity and uncertainty of customer behavior. In addition, conventional methods are based on centralized datasets, which may be unrealistic considering the customer privacy issues and the geographical distribution of data storage under multiple load aggregators (LA). This paper proposes a fully distributed framework for CBL estimation based on joint Fuzzy C-Means (FCM). The fuzzy membership matrix is utilized to capture the load features. LAs can acquire the joint clustering result through limited information exchange in a privacy-preserving way. At last, the CBL is calculated through an inverse process of clustering. Case studies have been conducted utilizing the dynamic Time of Use trail data from Low Carbon London project. Compared with widely used averaging methods, the proposed method significantly improves the estimation accuracy.
Why They Come and Go: Comparing Special Education and General Education Students in Cyberschools

Considerable published research explores drivers of parent choice for in-person schools, but few studies have addressed reasons for attending full-time cyber schools, and how student characteristics affect those reasons; hence, this study’s unique contribution. Here we use a large national dataset (n= 95,259) to test whether students with disabilities differ in stated reasons for attending a multistate cyber charter school network. Using linear probability models, we find that parents of children with disabilities are relatively more likely than others to cite academic, bullying, and health concerns as driving their choice of schools. Interestingly, parents of children with disabilities offered more reasons for leaving their prior schools than reasons that attracted them to the online school. Also, students with disabilities whose parents cited academic reasons for enrollment in the cyber school were less likely to persist in the school the next year. Implications are discussed, including the relevance of accessibility challenges for online students with disabilities attempting to access online tools and instructional materials. Future research suggestions focus on the importance of collaboration for all stakeholders of online students with disabilities.
Salt-Stressed Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Responses to Potassium Silicate, Humic Acid and Gamma Irradiation Pretreatments

The application of biostimulants has great potential in preserving plants against abiotic or biotic stresses and is integrated into promoting tolerance and acclimating of coriander against salinity stress. Deciphering the morphological, physiological and molecular responses underpinning the ameliorative aspects of ecofriendly biostimulants is indispensable to link and overlap the ameliorative responses of seed priming. Hereby, the ameliorative responses of seed priming against salinity stress using potassium silicate, humic acid, and gamma irradiation were evaluated. Salinity stress generally diminishes vegetation, productivity, and metabolic activities. However, abscisic acid (ABA) levels and soluble sugars were elevated. Pretreatments with potassium silicate or humic acid, followed by gamma rays, alleviated and promoted growth parameters, yield components, and vital metabolic processes in salinity-stressed coriander. This promotion was concurrent with an increase in growth promotors, chlorophyll a/b, carbohydrates, antioxidants (compounds and enzymes), and upregulation of RuBisCO large subunit protein expression. Collectively, potassium silicate and humic acid were the best at alleviating the adverse effects of saline conditions. Triggered pretreatments might be engaged in maintaining metabolic activities toward deleterious salinity impacts. Thus, it was suggested that seed priming by potassium silicate and humic acid is an effective regime benefitting salinized along with nonsalinized plants that sustain coriander productivity.
A Technology-Mediated Co-Design Approach for Integrating Computational Thinking in a Science Classroom

Purpose While most researchers and educators agree that there is a need to integrate computational thinking (CT) in high school curricula, they differ in their conceptualization of CT, ways to achieve integration, and the rationale for doing so (Wing, 2006; Weintrop et al., 2016; Grover, 2018). In line with the ongoing efforts for curricular reforms to engage students in authentic disciplinary practices (e.g., Goldman, Ko, Greenleaf & Brown, 2018), Wilensky, Horn and colleagues have argued for CT integration in science and mathematics classrooms for the following reasons: (a) for students to learn authentic contemporary disciplinary practices, (b) prelogical effectiveness of thoughtfully integrated computational tools, and (c) to reach the widest possible audience, especially women and minorities who are underrepresented in computational fields (Wilensky, Brady & Horn, 2014; Weintrop et al., 2016). One challenge for such integration is to develop pedagogically effective tools and curricula that teachers can adopt in their classrooms (Windschitl, Thompson, Braaten, & Stroupe, 2012). It requires both development of appropriate technological tools and novel methodological approaches to design curricula (e.g., Jeong & Hmelo-Silver, 2016). Inviting teachers to be design partners for co-designing such units has been an effective approach to increase their ownership and engagement in the appropriate pedagogical practices (Kyza & Georgiou, 2014). In this paper, we investigate how our technology-based design approach mediated such co-design efforts. We present a case study of a researcher-practitioner design partnership for three years as it matured from using pre-designed CT-integrated curricula to co-designing new CT tools and curricula. We discuss changes in teacher’s involvement in the co-design process and how the underlying technology platform that was used to design the computational tools supported those changes. We also discuss how the participation of the teacher in the co-design process influenced her shifts in her classroom teaching practice. We argue for the effectiveness of our technology-mediated design approach for co-designing CT-integrated science curricula.
Viral dynamics in chronic hepatitis B patients

textabstractA chronic hepatitis B infection (HBV) is a potentially progressive liver disease which affects around 350 million people world-wide with an annual mortality rate of around 1 million people. (1). Together with malaria and tuberculosis it is among the top three of most prevalent infectious diseases. The evolution of this viral infection is dependent on the activity of the inflammation which is induced by both host and viral factors. HBV may be responsible for death due to liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with a lifetime risk of 40- 50% in men and 15% in women (2). Universal vaccination which is common practice in over 80 countries world-wide (3) has the potential to eradicate this viral disease completely and prevent HCC. Although vaccination in highly prevalent areas is much cheaper compared to the western world, universal vaccination still generates substantial costs per prevented infection. Screening for the presence of HBV in pregnant women is a more low-scale intervention which is capable of protecting selected neonates by post-natal immunization. This program is capable of protecting infants who otherwise run a great risk to become chronically infected (4). However, since at present there is a reservoir of millions of people who are chronically infected, we are in need of effective antiviral therapies. The main initial goal of antiviral therapy should be induction of HBeAg seroconversion and normalization of serum transaminases. This results in a low infective individual with a quiescent disease in whom the chance of further liver damage has been minimized (5,6). Since patients who express active viral replication (as shown by HBeAg positivity and high levels of HBV DNA) and/or elevated serum transaminases are at the higbest risk to develop complications of the liver disease, therapy should primarily be aimed at this subgroup of chronically infected patients.
Ginseng and health outcomes: an umbrella review

Background: Ginseng consumption has been associated with various health outcomes. However, there are no review articles summarizing these reports. Methods: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, CNKI and Wanfang databases were searched from inception to 31 July 2022. The Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews-2 (AMSTAR-2) and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) systems were used to assess the methodological quality and quality of evidence in each meta-analysis, and the results were summarized in a narrative form. Results: Nineteen meta-analyses that met the eligibility criteria were identified from among 1,233 papers. The overall methodological quality was relatively poor, with only five studies being low-quality, and 14 critically low-quality. When compared with control treatments (mainly placebo), ginseng was beneficial for improving fatigue and physical function, sexual function, menopausal symptoms, metabolic indicators, inflammatory markers, unstable angina and respiratory diseases. Adverse events included gastrointestinal symptoms and potential bleeding; however, no serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion: This umbrella review suggests that ginseng intake has beneficial therapeutic effects for diverse diseases. However, the methodological quality of studies needs to be improved considerably. In addition, it is imperative to establish the clinical efficacy of ginseng through high-quality randomized controlled trials.
Ferning and Schirmer Test 1 for the Detection of Grading Severity of Dry Eye Syndrome in Post Phacoemulsification Patients

Highlights: 1. Females were the most gender who suffer from dry eye syndrome than males.2. Undergone phacoemulsification patients had frequent dry eye syndrome.3. Post-phacoemulsification patients were not statistically significant between the Ferning and the Schirmer test. Abstract: Dry eye syndrome is a multifactorial disease on the surface of the eyeball characterized by loss of tear film homeostasis, which is associated with eye symptoms, where there is tear instability and hyperosmolarity, inflammation, and damage to the surface of the eye, as well as neurosensory disorders that act as the cause of this syndrome. The aim of this study was to identify relationship between the Ferning pattern and the Schirmer test 1 in post-phacoemulsification patients. The design of this study was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional data collection method where the Ferning and Schirmer test 1 were examined to determine the severity of dry eye syndrome in post-phacoemulsification patients. The Ferning test was assessed according to Rolando’s classification. In this study, it was found that the gender who suffer from dry eye syndrome are women. The most considerable age is age ≥ 60 years (56,7%). The results showed that the majority of patients experienced dry eyes measured with the Ferning test, and these results were following the previous Schirmer Test 1 examination. The Ferning and Schirmer tests were found to be abnormal in most of the subjects. It was found that there was a significant relationship between the Ferning pattern and the Schirmer test with the calculation of the t-value of 7.345 with a p-value of 0.001. There was a statistically significant difference between the results of Ferning and the Schirmer test in post-phacoemulsification patients.
Virtual Angstrom-Beam Electron Diffraction Analysis for Zr80Pt20 Metallic Glasses

To analyze amorphous structure models obtained by a molecular dynamics (or reverse Monte Carlo) simulation, we propose a virtual angstrom-beam electron diffraction analysis. In this analysis, local electron diffraction patterns are calculated for the amorphous models at equal intervals as performed in the experiment, and the local structures that generate paired diffraction spots in the diffraction patterns are further analyzed by combining them with a Fourier transform and a Voronoi polyhedral analysis. For an example of Zr80Pt20, an aggregate of coordination polyhedra is formed which generates similar diffraction patterns from most parts within the aggregate. Furthermore, the coordination polyhedra are connected in certain orientational relationships which could enhance the intensity of the diffraction spots.
Identification of an Optimal TLR8 Ligand by Alternating the Position of 2′-O-Ribose Methylation

Recognition of RNA by receptors of the innate immune system is regulated by various posttranslational modifications. Different single 2′-O-ribose (2′-O-) methylations have been shown to convert TLR7/TLR8 ligands into specific TLR8 ligands, so we investigated whether the position of 2′-O-methylation is crucial for its function. To this end, we designed different 2′-O-methylated RNA oligoribonucleotides (ORN), investigating their immune activity in various cell systems and analyzing degradation under RNase T2 treatment. We found that the 18S rRNA-derived TLR7/8 ligand, RNA63, was differentially digested as a result of 2′-O-methylation, leading to variations in TLR8 and TLR7 inhibition. The suitability of certain 2′-O-methylated RNA63 derivatives as TLR8 agonists was further demonstrated by the fact that other RNA sequences were only weak TLR8 agonists. We were thus able to identify specific 2′-O-methylated RNA derivatives as optimal TLR8 ligands.