Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on the Governance Reform of Big Science Infrastructures in China: Based on the Perspective of Administrative Subcontract

Based on the perspective of administrative subcontracting, this paper builds a framework to analyze the governance changes occurring in China's big science infrastructures (BSIs). The construction goal of BSIs has always been based on basic research, with the formation of a "central ministries-operational organization" administrative subcontracting relationship. Under this relationship, the governance rights were mainly monopolized by the Chinese Academy of Sciences or research universities, the government lacked effective governance authority, and retention of the status quo was the only optional strategy regardless of the assessment result, which was not an effective development model. With the construction of comprehensive national science centre, BSIs have emerged a new construction goal which is supporting industrial development. In the new era with the theme of "innovation-driven development", local governments have begun to embed in the administrative subcontracting relationship, and "changing subcontracting tasks" and "changing subcontractors" have been added as alternative technocratic strategies, rebuilding the governance authority of government and promoting the formation of a sustainable governance model for BSIs.
ANALISA ALIRAN PADA DUCTED PROPELLER DENGAN PENDEKATAN CFD (COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS)

Penggunaan ducted propeller dapat memberikan pengaruh terhadap gaya dorong yang dihasilkan pada sebuah kapal. Dengan adanya tabung yang penampangnya berbentuk foil yang mengelilingi propeller tersebut, dapat meningkatkan efisiensi propeller dan menghasilkan gaya dorong yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan propeller biasa yang tidak menggunakan tabung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik aliran pada ducted propeller serta gaya dorong yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan software Ansys-CFX dengan konsep CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) untuk menganalisa besarnya gaya dorong yang dihasilkan ducted propeller. Dari hasil simulasi kedua model propeller didapatkan kenaikan gaya dorong sebesar 17% pada ducted propeller bila dibandingkan dengan propeller yang tidak menggunakan ducted, dimana hal ini bersesuaian dengan published data yang menunjukkan adanya peningkatan sebesar 15%.
The Affect of Localized Project Managers Factors Which Contribute To Enhance in Minimizing Project Delay of Property Developers in Selangor, Malaysia

Housing project delays among property development projects still taking place in Malaysia, according to statistics from the Ministry of Housing and Local Government Malaysia, despite the evolution and availability of various project management methods in the literature (AlSehaimi, Koskela, & Tzortzopoulos, 2013). As a consequence, in project management, an alternative research approach is needed. The aim is to investigate the factors that lead to the reduction of project delays by focusing on a few main factors, such as project manager factors, using a localised alternative research approach. The importance of localizing the analysis of these factors in property developers in Selangor, Malaysia. The study also looked at whether the respondents' demographic characteristics played a role in the disparities found in the project's success factors. Project managers associated with a Property Developer in Selangor, Malaysia, formed the study's target community. A total of 50 people have been chosen to participate in the survey. As a result of studying localized project manager causes of delay factors specifically at Selected Property Development Company in Selangor, Malaysia. A conceptual model that could help improve the reduction of project delays can be develop. This is a more localized alternative research approach, rather than a universal conceptual model.
Research Progress on the Production of 1,3-propanediol by fermentation

Production of 1,3-propanediol (PDO) from the renewable source by fermentation has many advantages, such as high selectivity, mild reaction conditions, simple operation and friendly environment. Based on the patent technology of glycerol production by fermentation, a new technology to produce PDO from glucose by two-phase fermentation was developed by the chemical engineering department of Tsinghua University. In the down stream process, electrodialysis was applied in the desalination of the fermentation broth. This technology has been experimented in a pilot scale of 5000 L. The results indicated that the average concentration of PDO reached 62 g/L and the PDO yield (mol/mol) of 0.6 was obtained. The recovery ratio of PDO was 80 %.
PERBANDINGAN SEGMENTASI CITRA PSORIASIS MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA K-MEANS CLUSTERING DAN ALGORITMA THRESHOLDING

Letaknya kulit pada bagian tubuh manusia berada dibagian luar tubuh untuk menyelimuti bagian lain yang ada didalam salah satunya urat atau lemak, sehingga kulit menjadi salah satu bagian terpenting dalam organ tubuh manusia, karena letaknya di luar maka kulit menjadi rentan untuk mengalami penyakit, baik itu penyakin yang berbahaya atau tidak. Contoh penyakit yang berbahaya untuk kulit manusia adalah penyakit psoriasis. Psoriasis adalah penyakit kulit inflamasi kronis yang ditandai dengan lesi khas berupa plak, eritematous, dan sisik tebal. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan dua klaster penyakit psoriasis yaitu klaster Chronic Plaque psoriasis dan Guttate Psoriasis. Dimana dataset yang didapatkan adalah dataset public dan selanjutnya masuk pada tahap cropping dan di peroleh sebanyak 71 dataset citra psoriasis. Penelitian ini melakukan perbandingan algoritma antara algoritma k-means clustering dan algoritma thresholding, dengan pengujian menggunakan hasil nilai dari ektrasi ciri GLCM dengan meilihat 4 fitur bentuk yaitu contrast, correlation, energy, homogeneity yang selanjutnya diolah menggunakan aplikasi weka dengan metode J48 classifier dalam menentukan akurasi terbaik dan mendapatkan pohon keputusan. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah k-means clustering merupakan algoritma terbaik dalam mengsegmentasi citra psoriasis yaitu sebesar 79%, dibandingkan algoritma thresholding yaitu sebesar 61% saja.
Analysis of the Characteristics of Maxillary Supernumerary Lateral Incisor

This study aimed to investigate a quantitative analysis of the anatomical characteristics of the maxillary supernumerary lateral incisor and its relationship with lateral incisors. Forty-four supernumerary lateral incisors from 43 patients were evaluated for analyzing the position, shape, direction, and relationship between the supernumerary lateral incisor and the normal lateral incisors, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). To compare the size of crown, the mesiodistal width was measured and the Nolla stage was used for evaluating the degree of root development to compare tooth maturity. The supernumerary lateral incisors were in the normal direction at a rate of 90.9%, and in a supplemental shape at a rate of 84.1%. The supernumerary lateral incisor was smaller in size compared to the adjacent lateral incisor and opposite lateral incisor (p < .0001). There was no statistically significant difference in the development stage of root. Based on these results, the supernumerary lateral incisor is similar with the lateral incisor, but has a difference in the size of crown. It is necessary to distinguish the supernumerary lateral incisor from the lateral incisor precisely to reduce clinical complications.
Failure Prevention in DC–DC Converters: Theoretical Approach and Experimental Application on a Zeta Converter

In this article, we propose a monitoring procedure based on a multilayer neural network with multivalued neurons (MLMVN) capable of preventing catastrophic failures of dc–dc converters. The neural classifier allows both the detection of any malfunction and its localization. Thanks to the low computational complexity, the proposed method operates online, estimating the deviations of the passive components from their nominal values: this allows control strategies to be promptly adopted and operation of the dc–dc converter to be kept in high efficiency and reliability conditions. Since measuring the voltage and current on each component increases the complexity of the system, a testability analysis is proposed with the aim of identifying the minimum number of measurements needed to distinguish the classes of failure. To make the testability phase easier and more intuitive, a graphical representation is proposed. As a case study, prognostic analysis has been applied to prevent catastrophic failures in a synchronous Zeta converter. Several fault conditions have been analyzed through simulations and experimental tests. The obtained results confirm the ability of the proposed method to prevent failures and, also, show that the application of MLMVN results in a better performance than classic solutions available in the literature, such as support vector machine.
Tools – applications, benefits and linkages for ecosystem science (TABLES)

Over an 18 month period, the Tools: Applications, Benefits and Linkages for Ecosystems (TABLES) project has worked at the interface of research, policy and practice, crossing different disciplines, sectors and professions, to embed the value of nature more effectively into policies, programmes, plans or projects and thus improve decision-making processes and outcomes. Our main focus has been on translating the 12 principles of the Ecosystem Approach into comprehensive advice within which a set of tools can utilise an Ecosystem Services Framework. The interdisciplinary TABLES team, consisting of academics, professionals in practice, community members and policy makers, championed co-production and social learning strategies using member expertise and experience within diverse case studies. These span the environment, business, local community and planning sectors; all of which are trying to mainstream an Ecosystem Approach to some extent. The project addresses the recommendations of the UK National Ecosystem Assessment (UK NEA, 2011a, 1303) to integrate ecosystem services and the wider values of the natural environment within a context of policy and decision-making and tools leading to “a superior basis for future decision-making”.
A multilayer-multiplexer network processing scheme based on the dendritic integration in a single neuron

Advances in neuronal studies suggest that a single neuron can perform integration functions previously associated only with neuronal networks. Here, we proposed a dendritic abstraction employing a dynamic thresholding function that models the spatiotemporal dendritic integration process of a CA3 pyramidal neuron. First, we developed an input-output quantification process that considers the natural neuronal response and the full range of dendritic dynamics. We analyzed the IO curves and demonstrated that dendritic integration is branch-specific and dynamic rather than the commonly employed static nonlinearity. Second, we completed the integration model by creating a dendritic abstraction incorporating the spatiotemporal characteristics of the dendrites. Furthermore, we predicted the dendritic activity in each dendritic layer and the corresponding somatic firing activity by employing the dendritic abstraction in a multilayer-multiplexer information processing scheme comparable to a neuronal network. The subthreshold activity influences the suprathreshold regions via its dynamic threshold, a parameter that is dependent not only on the driving force but also on the number of activated synapses along the dendritic branch. An individual dendritic branch performs multiple integration modes by shifting from supralinear to linear then to sublinear. The abstraction includes synaptic input location-dependent voltage delay and decay, time-dependent linear summation, and dynamic thresholding function. The proposed dendritic abstraction can be used to create multilayer-multiplexer neurons that consider the spatiotemporal properties of the dendrites and with greater computational capacity than the conventional schemes.
The Role of Schools and Educational Institutions in Helping Finding Career Pathways

Students’ career choosing is intricately related to family, school system, society, and country. In this age of intense competition, students need more effective and detailed career planning for their career goals and future based on social environment, their self-cognition, knowledge structure and more. The purpose of this essay is to explore the central role of schools and educational institutions in career education and helping students find their career pathways in Australia. Finding a career path can be divided into two stages: the first stage, the school helps students develop and explore their careers; the second stage, the students receive vocational training in educational institutions. School career development and exploration practice is the premise of the second stage, which is to promote middle school students to choose vocational education and training (VET) or pathway to university. Both of the options also play an essential role in helping different students find their career paths. The essay draws a conclusion that it is important to develop a parity of esteem between VET and academic education through school outreach and integrating the two.
The Cues of COVID-19: Negative Emotions and Empathy Guide Prosocial Behavior

The COVID-19 research literature reveals that during the COVID-19 pandemic, people faced with unemployment risks, community blockades, and various negative information on the Internet, people will have fear, disgust, sadness, and other emotions in the short term, and will lead to anxiety and depression in a long time symptom, and cues about the COVID-19 can also cause emotional changes in people. Research on pro-social behaviors suggests that the influence of negative emotions on pro-social behavior tendencies is complex, and empathy will increase pro-social behavior. Study 1 is a measurement of people's pro-social behavior tendency under two different conditions. Compared with the controlled subjects, the subjects assigned to watch the cues of COVID-19 in Chinese reported more pro-social behavioral tendencies. In Study 2, we find that cues related to the epidemic did affect people's emotional changes, and the sum of these emotions also has a significant impact on pro-social behavioral tendencies. To understand which emotional mediator has the greatest influence on pro-social behavioral tendencies, study 2 also finds the complete mediating effect of empathy. Our results indicate that the cues of COVID-19 increased people's negative emotions and empathy, and empathy led to an increase in pro-social behavior, this reaction even crosses race and country. The result also has important implications for initiating people's pro-social behavior in major crisis events in the future.
A Review on Software Bug Localization Techniques using a Motivational Example

Software bug localization is an essential step within the software maintenance activity, consuming about 70% of the time and cost of the software development life cycle. Therefore, the need to enhance the automation process of software bug localization is important. This paper surveys various software bug localization techniques. Furthermore, a running motivational example is utilized throughout the paper. Such motivational example illustrates the surveyed bug localization techniques, while highlighting their pros and cons. The motivational example utilizes different software artifacts that get created throughout the software development lifecycle, and sheds light on those software artifacts that remain poorly utilized within existing bug localization techniques, regardless of the rich wealth of knowledge embedded within them. This research thus presents guidance on what artifacts should future bug localization techniques focus, to enhance the accuracy of bug localization, and speedup the software maintenance process. Keywords—Bug localization; bug localization artifacts; information retrieval; program spectrum
Use of the Shock Wave Therapy in Basic Research and Clinical Applications—From Bench to Bedsite

Shock Waves (SW) are acoustic disturbances that propagate through a medium carrying the energy. These specific sonic pulses are composed of two phases—high positive pressure, a rise time < 10 ns, and a tensile wave. Originally Shock Waves were introduced to clinical practice as a part of the lithotripsy therapy focused on disrupting calcific deposits in the body. Since that time, shock wave therapy (SWT) has gone far beyond the original application related to the destruction of kidney stones. In this narrative Review, we present basic clinical applications of the SWT along with the potential therapeutic application in clinical practice.
Effects of the Participation and Involvement of Medical Professionals in Dementia Cafés on the Attendance of People with Dementia Living at Home and Their Family Caregivers

Background: Dementia cafés have been attracting attention as a new approach to dementia care, but the effects of the participation of medical professionals remain unclear. Objective: To clarify the significance of collaboration between medical professionals and dementia cafés. Methods: Questionnaires regarding the numbers of staff and guests, whether medical professionals introduced guests, whether cafés announced their activities to medical institutions, and whether people with dementia played a role were sent to dementia cafés throughout Japan. The responding dementia cafés were then divided into two groups according to the presence or involvement of medical professionals and institutions and compared. Results: Responses were received from 148 dementia cafés, among which, medical professionals participated in 96 (64.9%). Significantly more people with dementia living at home attended cafés run or staffed with medical professionals (p = 0.021 and p = 0.017, respectively), as well as when medical professionals introduced guests to the café or when the café announced their activities to medical institutions (p = 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). Significantly more people with dementia played a role in cafés where medical professionals were administrators or staff (p = 0.008 and p = 0.018, respectively). Similar effects were observed for family caregivers. Conclusion: The participation and involvement of medical professionals and institutions in dementia cafés increased the attendance of people with dementia, especially those living at home. These results suggest that dementia cafés are an effective hub for connecting care for dementia with medical care, and thus help avoid fragmentation in dementia care.
Effect of foreign direct investment on gross national income in Nigeria, 2006-2017

Effect of foreign direct investment on gross national income in Nigeria, 2006-2017 Kelechi Johnmary Ani Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Nigeria E-mail: kelechi.ani@funai.edu. ng Chigozie Onu Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria E-mail: asiano.jc@gmail.com Submission: 11/4/2020 Revision: 12/15/2020 Accept: 1/5/2021 ABSTRACT The study analyzed the effect of foreign direct investment on gross national income over the period of 2006- 2019. The main type of data used in this study is secondary; which were sourced from various publications of Central Bank of Nigeria, such as; Statistical Bulletin, Annual Reports and Statement of Accounts. The regression analysis of the ordinary least square (OLS) is the estimation technique that was employed in this study to determine the effect of the Direct Foreign Investment on gross national income in Nigeria. The cointegration test showed existence of a long run relationship and an indication that 1 cointegrating vectors exist at 5% level of significance among the variables which was corrected with error correction mode (ECM). The result showed that foreign direct investment had a positive effect on gross national income during the period 2006 – 2019. It also revealed that gross domestic product, exchange rate and unemployment rate has a positive effect on gross national income in Nigeria during the same period. The study recommends that government should try to develop trade zones, which are solely based on free economic movements and policies. The study recommends official re-consideration of different determinants of gross national income (GNI) attractions. Government incentives, infrastructure and policies should be put in place to make it easy for general foreign investors, to find Nigeria safe and reliable to invest. Finally, unique fiscal and monetary policies should be formed to strengthen the other macroeconomic variables which will help to overcome the situation of shocks in Nigeria while hosting Foreign Direct Investment inflow for future sustainable economic development.
Evaluation of Applicability of 1D-CNN and LSTM to Predict Horizontal Displacement of Retaining Wall According to Excavation Work

During excavation works in downtown, stability and safety considerations of such excavations and constructions are crucial for which continuous wall structures with varying structural components are commonly used. Most of the current models used for this purpose are often complex, where the accepted parameters do not have a clear physical meaning. Moreover, accurate ground movement forecasts are challenging due to nonlinear and inelastic soil behavior. Therefore, this study proposes a method to predict the lateral displacement of the braced wall at each stage of excavation by using all the basic information necessary for braced wall design, including ground information of the excavation site, support methods such as the type of brace, location and stiffness, information about the neighboring buildings, and the results of numerical analysis. One-dimensional convolutional neural network and long shortterm memory network are used for estimation and prediction to develop an optimal prediction model based on well-refined but limited data. The applicability of the braced wall was confirmed for safety management by predicting the horizontal displacement of the braced wall for each stage of excavation. The proposed model can be used to predict the stability of the horizontal wall for each excavation step and reduce accident risks, such as collapse of the retaining wall, which may occur during
Humans Prefer to See and Imagine Drawing Curved Objects

Lines contribute to the visual experience of drawings. People show a higher preference for curved than sharp angled lines. We studied preference for curvature using drawings of commonly-used objects drawn by design students. We also investigated the relationship of that preference with drawing preference. Experiments 1 and 2 revealed preference for the curved drawings in the laboratory and web-based contexts, respectively. Experiment 3 showed that the curved drawings were also preferred to draw than the sharp-angled ones. However, this effect only appeared when the drawings were made by hand, but not when they were made by computer. We found a moderate positive correlation between liking and drawing preference. This relationship was mainly explained by the hand-made drawings. Sex, art experience and openness to experience did not influence preference for curvature. Altogether, our findings support the curvature effect and the hypothesis that people prefer to draw what they like to see.