Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ant Colony Optimization applied to selective harmonic elimination in Multilevel inverters

For medium and high voltage applications, Multilevel inverters have been widely used as a important devices. The advantages of multilevel inverters include low electromagnetic interference (EMI) outputs, low power dissipation, low harmonic etc. The most common multilevel inverter topology is cascaded H-bridge topology constituted by IGBT semiconductors. The most common switching technology used is SPWM to obtain staircase voltage waveform. This staircase waveform contains harmonics and fundamental component. The requirement of satisfying the fundamental component is that all harmonics should be removed. The higher order harmonics can be easily removed by using filters. But lower order harmonics cannot be easily eliminated. For removing lower order harmonics non-linear transcendental equations derived from fourier series expansion should be solved. Solution to these equations can be found out by using computing methods. This paper presents a different approach, which is a advanced computing method i.e. Ant Colony Optimization method. By using ACO elimination of lower order harmonics is possible. The results shows 3rd, 5th, 7th harmonics are eliminated whereas THD is also reduced. MATLAB/Simulink software is used to validate these results.
Real-Time Detection of Motorcyclist without Helmet using Cascade of CNNs on Edge-device

The real-time detection of traffic rule violators in a city-wide surveillance network is a highly desirable but challenging task because it needs to perform computationally complex analytics on the live video streams from large number of cameras, simultaneously. In this paper, we propose an efficient framework using edge computing to deploy a system for automatic detection of bike-riders without helmet. First, we propose a novel robust and compact method for the detection of the motorcyclists without helmet using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Then, we scale it for the real-time performance on an edge-device by dropping redundant filters and quantizing the model weights. To reduce the network latency, we place the detector module on edge-devices in the cameras. The edge-nodes send their detected alerts to a central alert database where the end users access these alerts through a web interface. To evaluate the proposed method, we collected two datasets of real traffic videos, namely, IITH_Helmet_1 which contains sparse traffic and IITH_Helmet_2 which contains dense traffic. The experimental results show that our method achieves a high detection accuracy of$\approx$95% while maintaining the real-time processing speed of $\approx$22fps on Nvidia-TXI.
Deploying Blockchain Smart Contracts Using XQuery Language

-Blockchain technology provides a new decentralized approach for archiving digital resources. It has huge potential to enhance applications in many industries such as finance, healthcare, media, and education. This is supported by the Blockchain key features like data protection and smart contracts. However, although smart contracts present great opportunities for a range of domains, there are several problems related to their designing and implementation. Specifically, smart contracts assume ideal defined, but this is not always the case. If one step of contract designing is executed incorrectly, the smart contract will be implemented wrongly. Because the content of blocks can be expressed in any format, for example, in XML, smart contracts can be defined and deployed using XQuery Language. XQuery makes data contained in the instance available to other applications. In this paper, we proposed a security model that utilizes the XQuery syntax to define smart contracts. The defined contracts implicitly specify the rules on the Blockchain resources and are integrated into XML schema itself, which can be applied to instance objects without any change. To ground our conceptual idea, a prototype implementation is specifically developed for this research. The developed system consists of three main components while the User Interface Tool allows end-users to design the contracts using the XQuery with SQL-like syntax. The Smart Contracts Repository stores the contracts generated by the interface tool to be applied later by the Contracts Applier to the Blockchain for enforcement. We found that the specified contracts can support complex rules over the resources when combining and ends up with reusable contracts, which efficiently simplify the security administration and achieve access control over the Blockchain blocks.
AC2011-727: ALARGESCALEANALYSISOFFIRST-YEARENGINEER- ING STUDENT ESSAYS ON ENGINEERING INTERESTS

: There is an increasing demand for qualified engineers in the workforce, and a decreasing interest in engineering educational and professional pathways into the field. This has prompted many studies of engineering programs as well as the motivating factors that lead students there to begin with. What is it about engineering that interests students and motivates their initial pathway into engineering? And were those factors significant in maintaining student engagement through the “valley of despair” to degree completion? These were the research questions asked at the University of Notre Dame beginning in the Fall of 2007. That cohort of students was asked as part of a homework question, in the Introduction to Engineering Systems Course, “Engineering is a very broad field of study. What is it about engineering that interests you? ” The essay responses of 163 students were reviewed by two engineering education researchers (initially coded independently and then codes compared for final classification). The types of responses varied, but many recurring themes emerged, including math or science interest or ability, enjoyment of problem solving, a desire to impact the world in a positive way, preparation for another professional field, among others. Frequency counts were tabulated, and compared to retention numbers as these students are now seniors. Response frequencies were also compared by gender and discipline, indicating that women were more likely to cite “better world” and men were more likely to cite “innovative / creative, how things work, or build things” as motivations for studying engineering. Engineering disciplines also had a few interesting differences including Civil engineering students indicating “build things” and Chemical Engineering students indicating “practical or broad” as motivating factors for studying engineering.
CLARE: A Semi-supervised Community Detection Algorithm

Community detection refers to the task of discovering closely related subgraphs to understand the networks. However, traditional community detection algorithms fail to pinpoint a particular kind of community. This limits its applicability in real-world networks, e.g., distinguishing fraud groups from normal ones in transaction networks. Recently, semi-supervised community detection emerges as a solution. It aims to seek other similar communities in the network with few labeled communities as training data. Existing works can be regarded as seed-based: locate seed nodes and then develop communities around seeds. However, these methods are quite sensitive to the quality of selected seeds since communities generated around a mis-detected seed may be irrelevant. Besides, they have individual issues, e.g., inflexibility and high computational overhead. To address these issues, we propose CLARE, which consists of two key components, Community Locator and Community Rewriter. Our idea is that we can locate potential communities and then refine them. Therefore, the community locator is proposed for quickly locating potential communities by seeking subgraphs that are similar to training ones in the network. To further adjust these located communities, we devise the community rewriter. Enhanced by deep reinforcement learning, it suggests intelligent decisions, such as adding or dropping nodes, to refine community structures flexibly. Extensive experiments verify both the effectiveness and efficiency of our work compared with prior state-of-the-art approaches on multiple real-world datasets.
Microtextural Controls of Diagenetic Alteration of Detrital Alkali Feldspars: a Case Study of the Shap Conglomerate (Lower Carboniferous), Northwest England

ABSTRACT The diagenetic alteration of detrital alkali feldspar grains in the Lower Carboniferous Shap Conglomerate, which were derived from the nearby Lower Devonian Shap Granite, was strongly influenced by their pre-diagenetic microtextures. Alkali feldspars collected from a working quarry in the Shap Granite are perthites composed of two types of microtextures: primary igneous and deuterically altered. Primary igneous microtextures, which formed during early cooling of the pluton, are composed of albite exsolution lamellae in tweed orthoclase. Small lamellae (platelets) form cryptoperthites, whereas larger lamellae (films) form microperthites. Albite platelets have coherent interfaces with orthoclase (i.e., the crystal structure is strained but continuous across the interface of the exsolution lamellae), whereas larger films are semicoherent (i.e., dislocations have formed to relieve strain at the exsolution interface). Deuteric alteration leads to the development of micropore-rich veins composed of discrete subgrains of albite and microcline, referred to as patch perthites, which cut the cryptoperthites and microperthites. These veins formed during fluid-feldspar interaction within the granite in the later stages of igneous cooling. Subgrains within these veins are semicoherent or are incoherent (i.e., there is no continuity in crystal structure across the subgrain boundary). During diagenesis of Shap Granite-derived alkali feldspars in the Shap Conglomerate, the semicoherent and incoherent albite in microperthites and patch perthites was selectively dissolved or replaced by microcline, whereas coherent albite platelets in cryptoperthites remained largely unaltered. This diagenetic history reflects an interplay between two main determinants of alteration: (i) the nature of the pore fluids, which resulted in albite-rich feldspar being more heavily altered than orthoclase-rich feldspar and (ii) the coherency of interfaces, which determined the specific albite-rich feldspar microtextures that were affected. Fluid-feldspar interaction was favored at semicoherent and incoherent interfaces owing to their high surface and strain energies. Release of energy stored at such interfaces is also the major intragranular driving force of deuteric alteration of alkali feldspars in cooling igneous rocks in general. As a result, petrographically and geochemically similar microtextures may result from both deuteric and diagenetic alteration, and care must be taken to discriminate between them. Results of this study underscore the importance of understanding the nature of alkali feldspars in igneous and metamorphic rocks for an accurate interpretation of their subsequent diagenetic history.
COMP 322 : Fundamentals of Parallel Programming Module 2 : Concurrency c © 2020 by

5 Mutual Exclusion 2 5.1 Critical Sections and the “isolated” statement . 2 5.2 Object-based Isolation . 4 5.3 Parallel Spanning Tree Example . 7 5.4 Atomic Variables . 10 5.5 Serialized Computation Graph for Isolated Statements . 13
PATIENT’S PERSPECTIVE ON BEDSIDE TEACHING: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.

Rakan Alasqah 1 , Ahmad Maqadmi 1 , Abdulaziz Bin Obaid 1 , Shroug AlGhamdi 2 , Faisal Mahmood 1 , Emad AlKhotani 1 and Rami Nassi 3 . 1. Internship, School of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. 2. 6 Year medical student, School of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. 3. Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History
Systematic Assessment of New Snow Settlement in Snowpack

New snow settlement in the very first hours and days after a snowfall has not yet been fully understood. Modelling errors at this initial stage propagate through a whole winter season, thus affecting a correct modelling of crucial snow cover properties such as density, temperature distribution and snow depth. Up to now, parameter tuning for settling in SNOWPACK has mainly been done by visual comparison of modelled with measured settling curves. This can be accomplished by tracking model layers that correspond to positions of combined settlement and temperature sensors (snow harps). As a result, verification of model performance with in situ measurements is possible. Furthermore, using such a harp as a lower boundary condition, snow-cover evolution above this harp can be analysed irrespective of earlier simulation errors. Here comprehensive data sets obtained during a number of snowfall periods are used. In addition to snow harp data, high resolution density profiles taken in the days following a snowfall provide for further verification of the simulated snow-cover evolution. Based on these observations we present a systematic approach to assess the performance of the model both during and a few days after snowfalls. Sensitivity studies allow to locate the most important model parameters which influence the settlement of freshly deposited snow. The specific influence of both type (grain and bond sizes) and state variables (temperature) was investigated in more detail. As a consequence, a new temperature parameterisation is suggested. This proved valuable for enhanced investigation of single snowfall events, while a significant improvement of long-term simulations of snow settling is still pending.
The co‐surface graph and the geometry of hyperbolic free group extensions

We introduce the co‐surface graph CS of a finitely generated free group F and use it to study the geometry of hyperbolic group extensions of F . Among other things, we show that the Gromov boundary of the co‐surface graph is equivariantly homeomorphic to the space of free arational F ‐trees and use this to prove that a finitely generated subgroup of Out(F) quasi‐isometrically embeds into the co‐surface graph if and only if it is purely atoroidal and quasi‐isometrically embeds into the free factor complex. This answers a question of I. Kapovich. Our earlier work [S. Dowdall and S. J. Taylor, ‘Hyperbolic extensions of free groups’, to appear in Geom. Topol. ] shows that every such group gives rise to a hyperbolic extension of F , and here we prove a converse to this result that characterizes the hyperbolic extensions of F arising in this manner. As an application of our techniques, we additionally obtain a Scott–Swarup type theorem for this class of extensions.
MNP: Multihop Network Reprogramming Service for Sensor Networks

Reprogramming of sensor networks is an important and challenging problem as it is often necessary to reprogram the sensors in place. In this paper, we propose a multihop reprogramming service designed for Mica-2/XSM motes. One of the problems in reprogramming is the issue of message collision. To reduce the problem of collision and hidden terminal problem, we propose a sender selection algorithm that attempts to guarantee that in a neighborhood there is at most one source transmitting the program at a time. Further, our sender selection is greedy in that it tries to select the sender that is expected to have the most impact. We also use pipelining to enable fast data propagation. MNP is energy efficient because it reduces the active radio time of a sensor node by putting the node into "sleep" state when its neighbors are transmitting a segment that is not of interest. Finally, we argue that it is possible to tune our service according to the remaining battery level of a sensor, i.e., it can be tuned so that the probability that a sensor is given the responsibility of transmitting the code is proportional to its remaining battery life
Gold : science and applications

Gold Supply and Demand, N. Meader The Physics and Optical Properties of Gold, M. G. Blaber, M. J. Ford, and M. B. Cortie A Primer of Gold Chemistry, A. L. Balch and T. Y. Garcia The Surface Electrochemistry of Gold, L. D. Burke and A. M. O'Connell Gold Luminescence, V. W. -W. Yam and C. -H. Tao Gold Catalysis, S. A. C. Carabineiro and D. T. Thompson The Metallurgy of Gold, J. Fischer-Buhner Gold in Metal Joining, D. M. Jacobson and G. Humpston Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, C. W. Corti Biomedical Applications of Gold and Gold Compounds, E. A. Pacheco, E. R. T. Tiekink, and M. W. Whitehouse Gold Electroplating, A. Vicenzo and P. L. Cavallotti Gold Thick Film Pastes, K. Takaoka Gold Bonding Wire, K. Mukoyama Gold in Dentistry, P. J. Cascone Decorative Gold Materials, P. T. Bishop and P. A. Sutton Nanotechnology Applications of Gold, J. A. Edgar and M. B. Cortie Miscellaneous Uses of Gold, R. Holliday and C. Corti Index
Human papillomavirus type 16 E 2-specific T-helper lymphocyte responses in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

IP: 54.70. 40.11 On: Tue, 19 Feb 2019 19:51:08 Journal of General Virology (1999), 80, 2453–2459. Printed in Great Britain .
Phage Renaissance: New Hope against Antibiotic Resistance

In the 1920s and 1930s, before widespread use of anti-biotics, physicians successfully treated a variety of infections with bacteriophages, or phages for short. These natural viral predators, which target bacteria but leave mammalian and plant cells unscathed, were sold by pharmaceutical companies including Eli Lilly & Company1 and even made it into the fiction of the time—the protagonist of Sinclair Lewis’ 1925 book Arrowsmith fought bubonic plague with phages.2 Phages on the surface of an Escherichia coli cell inject genetic material into the bacterium. Scientists of the day did not understand exactly how phages killed bacteria, and their crude therapies performed inconsistently. So with the mass production of “magic bullet” antibiotics in the 1940s and 1950s, interest in phages largely waned.1 But 60 years later, antibiotics are losing their luster. Antibiotics have not only been used to treat human infections but also are given to farm animals to speed growth and prevent illness. They end up being flushed down drains and leach into soil and groundwater, where they contribute to environmental hot spots of antibiotic resistance.3 Antibiotic-resistant microbes now pose a growing threat to people of all ages, nationalities, and socioeconomic backgrounds, and previously treatable diseases are becoming untreatable once more.4 Researchers, too, are looking back to the pre-antibiotic era, but with the goal of resurrecting phages as antidotes for antibiotic resistance and solving medical, agricultural, and environmental problems. This time around, they are armed with molecular biology tools to better understand and control phages. They can also draw on the experience of Eastern European investigators, who have continued to study these viruses for decades, publishing their work primarily in Russian, Georgian, and Polish journals.1 In these countries, phages have continued to be given orally as tablets and liquids, topically, rectally, and as injections for 90 years. No reports of serious side effects have been recorded, and fever and other minor side effects came from contaminants like endotoxins in early phage preparations.1
Clearing algorithms for barter exchange markets: enabling nationwide kidney exchanges

In barter-exchange markets, agents seek to swap their items with one another, in order to improve their own utilities. These swaps consist of cycles of agents, with each agent receiving the item of the next agent in the cycle. We focus mainly on the upcoming national kidney-exchange market, where patients with kidney disease can obtain compatible donors by swapping their own willing but incompatible donors. With over 70,000 patients already waiting for a cadaver kidney in the US, this market is seen as the only ethical way to significantly reduce the 4,000 deaths per year attributed to kidney diseas. The clearing problem involves finding a social welfare maximizing exchange when the maximum length of a cycle is fixed. Long cycles are forbidden, since, for incentive reasons, all transplants in a cycle must be performed simultaneously. Also, in barter-exchanges generally, more agents are affected if one drops out of a longer cycle. We prove that the clearing problem with this cycle-length constraint is NP-hard. Solving it exactly is one of the main challenges in establishing a national kidney exchange. We present the first algorithm capable of clearing these markets on a nationwide scale. The key is incremental problem formulation. We adapt two paradigms for the task: constraint generation and column generation. For each, we develop techniques that dramatically improve both runtime and memory usage. We conclude that column generation scales drastically better than constraint generation. Our algorithm also supports several generalizations, as demanded by real-world kidney exchanges. Our algorithm replaced CPLEX as the clearing algorithm of the Alliance for Paired Donation, one of the leading kidney exchanges. The match runs are conducted every two weeks and transplants based on our optimizations have already been conducted.
Energy Expenditure of Sedentary Screen Time Compared With Active Screen Time for Children

OBJECTIVE. We examined the effect of activity-enhancing screen devices on children's energy expenditure compared with performing the same activities while seated. Our hypothesis was that energy expenditure would be significantly greater when children played activity-promoting video games, compared with sedentary video games. METHODS. Energy expenditure was measured for 25 children aged 8 to 12 years, 15 of whom were lean, while they were watching television seated, playing a traditional video game seated, watching television while walking on a treadmill at 1.5 miles per hour, and playing activity-promoting video games. RESULTS. Watching television and playing video games while seated increased energy expenditure by 20 ± 13% and 22 ± 12% above resting values, respectively. When subjects were walking on the treadmill and watching television, energy expenditure increased by 138 ± 40% over resting values. For the activity-promoting video games, energy expenditure increased by 108 ± 40% with the EyeToy (Sony Computer Entertainment) and by 172 ± 68% with Dance Dance Revolution Ultramix 2 (Konami Digital Entertainment). CONCLUSIONS. Energy expenditure more than doubles when sedentary screen time is converted to active screen time. Such interventions might be considered for obesity prevention and treatment.
Robust Nash Strategies based on Integral Sliding Mode Control for a Two Players Uncertain LQ Game

This paper tackles the problem of a two players linear quadratic multi-model linear quadratic (LQ) differential game affected with matched uncertainties. Based on a recent result of a robust Nash equilibrium for a multi- modeled LQ game, where the players compose a min-max strategy to deal with the parametric uncertainties (unmatched type) in this paper we add second type or uncertainties of the "matched type". It is shown that for the case of two players game, the matched uncertainties can be rejected from the initial time introducing in the strategies an integral sliding mode control term, obtaining a equivalent game dynamic in which the matched uncertainties have been eliminated.