Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heritability of Urinary Amines, Organic Acids, and Steroid Hormones in Children

Variation in metabolite levels reflects individual differences in genetic and environmental factors. Here, we investigated the role of these factors in urinary metabolomics data in children. We examined the effects of sex and age on 86 metabolites, as measured on three metabolomics platforms that target amines, organic acids, and steroid hormones. Next, we estimated their heritability in a twin cohort of 1300 twins (age range: 5.7 - 12.9 years). We observed associations between age and 50 metabolites and between sex and 21 metabolites. The mean monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) correlations for urinary metabolites were 0.51 (range: 0.25-0.75) and 0.16 (range: 0.01-0.46) for the amines, 0.52 (range: 0.33-0.64) and 0.23 (range: 0.07-0.35) for the organic acids, and 0.61 (range: 0.43-0.81) and 0.25 (range: 0.11-0.44) for the steroids. Broad-sense heritability was 0.49 (range: 0.25-0.64), 0.50 (range: 0.33-0.62), and 0.64 (range: 0.43-0.81) for 50 amines, 13 organic acids, and 6 steroids, and narrow-sense heritability was 0.50 (range: 0.37-0.68), 0.50 (0.23-0.61), and 0.47 (range: 0.32-0.70) for 6 amines, 7 organic acids, and 4 steroids. We conclude that urinary metabolites in children have substantial heritability, with similar estimates for amines and organic acids, and higher estimates for steroid hormones.
The dual character of the inhibitory functions of CD6

T-cell membrane scaffold proteins play important roles in T cell biology, functioning as multi-functional signaling hubs. CD6 assembles a large intracellular signalosome but, unlike typical membrane-attached scaffolds like LAT or PAG, it has a sizeable ectodomain that binds a well-characterized ligand, CD166. It is unclear whether CD6 has net inhibitory or costimulatory functions or how its ectodomain influences these activities. To explore these questions, we dissected the signaling functions of the extracellular and cytoplasmic regions of CD6. We found that CD6 was delivered to the immunological synapse and suppressed T cell responsiveness in vitro wholly dependently of its cytoplasmic domain, indicating that CD6 very potently imposes tonic inhibition, acting as a structural and signaling inhibitory hub. However, the cell-intrinsic suppression of autoimmunity by CD6 in vivo was also impacted by extracellular interactions, demonstrated by the increased susceptibility of mice to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis after removal of the ligand binding region of the ectodomain of CD6. Our work identifies CD6 as a new class of ‘on/off switching’ scaffold-receptor that constrains immune responsiveness at two speeds. First, it sets signaling thresholds via tonic inhibition, functioning as a cytoplasmic membrane-bound scaffold and, second, by cycling between signaling-enabling and signalinginhibiting ectodomain isoforms it functions as an immune checkpoint.
Discordant effects of resource limitation on host survival and systemic pathogen growth in Drosophila-bacteria infection models: resistance vs. tolerance

In the experiments presented here, we explore the effect of resource limitation, in form of starvation (which leads to decrease in accessible resources and depletion of reserves) and sexual activity (which leads to reallocation of resources from somatic defence towards reproduction), on immune function of female Drosophila melanogaster flies. We infected females with five bacterial pathogens and measured their post-infection survival when subjected to either starvation or sexual activity (mating). Additionally, we measured within host pathogen levels in case of three of these pathogens. Based on previous literature, we predicted that both modes of resource limitation will increase post-infection mortality, but only sexual activity will lead to increase of pathogen load (because of compromised immune function), while starvation will either not affect or reduce pathogen loads (because of reduced availability of resources for the pathogen to proliferate within the host). Our results indicate that both starvation and sexual activity can lead to increased within-host pathogen levels, in addition to increased post-infection mortality, but in a pathogen-specific manner.
The highly conserved stem-loop II motif is important for the lifecycle of astroviruses but dispensable for SARS-CoV-2

The stem-loop II motif (s2m) is an RNA element present in viruses from divergent viral families, including astroviruses and coronaviruses, but its functional significance is unknown. We created deletions or substitutions of the s2m in astrovirus VA1 (VA1), classic human astrovirus 1 (HAstV1) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). For VA1, recombinant virus could not be rescued upon partial deletion of the s2m or substitutions of G-C base pairs. Compensatory substitutions that restored the G-C base-pair enabled recovery of VA1. For HAstV1, a partial deletion of the s2m resulted in decreased viral titers compared to wild-type virus, and reduced activity in a replicon system. In contrast, deletion or mutation of the SARS-CoV-2 s2m had no effect on the ability to rescue the virus, growth in vitro, or growth in Syrian hamsters. Our study demonstrates the importance of the s2m is virus-dependent.
Angiotensin II regulates the neural expression of subjective fear in humans - precision pharmaco-neuroimaging approach

Background Rodent models and pharmacological neuroimaging studies in humans have been employed to test novel pharmacological agents to reduce fear. However, these strategies are limited with respect to determining process-specific effects on the actual subjective experience of fear which represents the key symptom why patients seek treatment. We here employed a novel precision pharmacological fMRI approach that is based on process-specific neuroaffective signatures to determine effects of the selective angiotensin II type 1 receptor (ATR1) antagonist losartan on the subjective experience of fear. Methods In a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized pharmacological fMRI design n = 87 healthy participants were administered 50mg losartan or placebo before they underwent an oddball paradigm which included neutral, novel and fear oddballs. Losartan effects on brain activity and connectivity as well as on process-specific multivariate neural signatures were examined. Results AT1R blockade selectively reduces the neurofunctional reactivity to fear-inducing visual oddballs in terms of attenuating dorsolateral prefrontal activity and amygdala-ventral anterior cingulate (vACC) communication. Neurofunctional decoding further demonstrates fear-specific effects given that ATR1 blockade (1) reduces the neural expression of subjective fear, but not threat or non-specific negative expressions, and (2) does not affect reactivity to novel oddballs. Conclusions These results show a specific role of the AT1R in regulating subjective fear experience and demonstrate the feasibility of a precision pharmacological fMRI approach to the affective characterization of novel receptor targets for fear in humans.
Ex vivo to in vivo model of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors for precision oncology

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are aggressive soft tissue sarcomas that often develop in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1-MPNST), but can occur sporadically. Through a multi-institution collaboration, we have developed 13 NF1-associated MPNST patient-derived xenografts (PDX). Genomic analysis of the PDX-tumor pairs identified somatic mutations in NF1 (61%), SUZ12 (61%), EED (15%), and TP53 (15%), and chromosome 8 (Chr8) gain (77%), consistent with published data. Pre-clinical models that capture this molecular heterogeneity are needed to identify and prioritize effective drug candidates for clinical translation. Here, we describe the successful development of a medium-throughput ex vivo 3D microtissue model with several advantages over 2D cell line growth, which can be utilized to predict drug response in vivo. Herein, we present proof-of-principle of this PDX-to-microtissue system, using four genomically representative MPNST and three drugs. This work highlights the development of a novel ex vivo to in vivo preclinical platform in MPNST that successfully captures the genomic diversity observed in patients and represents a resource to identify future therapeutic strategies.
Indoor sneezing and coughing detection based on COTS wireless device

Coughing and sneezing are important routes of virus transmission. Droplets carrying the virus enter the air and spread rapidly, increasing the spread of the disease. Therefore, how to accurately detect coughing and sneezing behaviors in a timely manner so as to effectively warn the spread of the virus has become an urgent problem. To solve this problem, we designs a coughing and sneezing detection scheme for indoor people on commercial wireless devices. First, the Doppler shift feature image caused by the action is segmented using a clustering algorithm, which reduces the computational overhead of the system. Then, the HOG features of the segmented image are extracted and input to the two-dimensional SOM network for action classification and recognition, which effectively improves the detection accuracy of target actions. Finally, a dataset consisting of real coughing and sneezing actions is constructed and open-sourced in this paper. The performance of this solution was tested and analyzed in several dimensions under two typical application scenarios. The results show the robustness of this scheme and the accuracy up to 93.1% in real-world scenarios. Our solution offers a new technology and method for disease prevention detection.
Human gait modelling with step estimation and phase classification utilising a single thigh mounted IMU for vision impaired indoor navigation

IV ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . VI TABLE OF CONTENTS . VIII LIST OF FIGURES . XII LIST OF TABLES . XVI LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . XVII LIST OF PUBLICATIONS . XIX
Work From Home After Covid-19: Machine Learning-Based Approach to Predict Employee's Choice

Well before the Covid-19 pandemic, Work from Home (WFH) had become an increasingly common practice among employees. With the pandemic outbreak, millions of employees across the globe were forced to shift into full-time WFH in response to continuous lockdowns or health restrictions. It is expected that a considerable number of organisations will continue the WFH practice in a hybrid mode along with Work From Office (WFO) even after the pandemic. This study aims to predict employees' choice on continuing WFH after the pandemic. The data set was collected using an online questionnaire shared among a sample of employees engaged in WFH during the pandemic. Naïve Bayes, Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Random Forest, and Ensemble Learning-based approaches were used to generate the prediction models. Ensemble Learning-based approach was the best classifier compared to the other three classifiers, and it obtained a 91.6% accuracy value. Naïve Bayes showed the lowest performance.
Design and Analysis of Miniaturized Microstrip Patch Antenna with Metamaterials Based on Modified Split-Ring Resonator for UWB Applications

Abstract In this paper, a miniaturized microstrip patch antenna using a negative index metamaterial with modified split-ring resonator (SRR) unit cells is proposed for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. The new design of metamaterial based microstrip patch antenna has been optimized to provide an improved bandwidth and multiple frequency operations. All the antenna performance parameters are presented in response-graphs. Also it is mentioned that the physical dimensions of the metamaterial based patch antenna are very small, which is convenient to modern communication. A 130 % bandwidth, covering the frequency band of 2.9–13.5 GHz, (for return loss less than or equal –10 dB) is achieved, which allow the antenna to operate in the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) band. In addition, the antenna has a good radiation pattern in the ultra-wide band spectrum, and it is nearly omnidirectional.
Development of Posture and Gait across the Life Span

When there are many people who don't need to expect something more than the benefits to take, we will suggest you to have willing to reach all benefits. Be sure and surely do to take this development of posture and gait across the lifespan that gives the best reasons to read. When you really need to get the reason why, this development of posture and gait across the lifespan book will probably make you feel curious.
Mobile agent based distributed network management: modeling, methodologies and applications

The explosive growth of the Internet and the continued dramatic increase for all wireless services are fueling the demand for increased capacity, data rates, support of multimedia services, and support for different Quality of Services (QoS) requirements for different classes of services. Furthermore future communication networks will be strongly characterized by heterogeneity. In order to meet the objectives of instant adaptability to the users' requirements and of interoperability and seamless operation within the heterogeneous networking environments, flexibility in terms of network and resource management will be a key design issue. The new emerging technology of mobile agent (MA) has arisen in the distributed programming field as a potential flexible way of managing resources of a distributed system, and is a challenging opportunity for delivering more flexible services and dealing with network programmability. This dissertation mainly focuses on: (a) the design of models that provide a generic framework for the evaluation and analysis of the performance and tradeoffs of the mobile agent management paradigm; (b) the development of MA based resource and network management applications. First, in order to demonstrate the use and benefits of the mobile agent based management paradigm in the network and resource management process, a commercial application of a multioperator network is introduced, and the use of agents to provide the underlying framework and structure for its implementation and deployment is investigated. Then, a general analytical model and framework for the evaluation of various network management paradigms is introduced and discussed. It is also illustrated how the developed analytical framework can be used to quantitatively evaluate the performances and tradeoffs in the various computing paradigms. Furthermore, the design tradeoffs for choosing the MA based management paradigm to develop a flexible resource management scheme in wireless networks is discussed and evaluated. The integration of an advanced bandwidth reservation mechanism with a bandwidth reconfiguration based call admission control strategy is also proposed. A framework based on the technology of mobile agents, is introduced for the efficient implementation of the proposed integrated resource and QoS management, while the achievable performance of the overall proposed management scheme is evaluated via modeling and simulation. Finally the use of a distributed cooperative scheme among the mobile agents that can be applied in the future wireless networks is proposed and demonstrated, to improve the energy consumption for the routine management processes of mobile terminals, by adopting the peer-to-peer communication concept of wireless ad-hoc networks. The performance evaluation process and the corresponding numerical results demonstrate the significant system energy savings, while several design issues and tradeoffs of the proposed scheme, such as the fairness of the mobile agents involved in the management activity, are discussed and evaluated.
Measurement of Flat Lens Antenna Unit Cell using Waveguide Simulators

This paper addresses the measurement of compact flat lens antenna unit cell in the X-band frequency range using waveguides. A set of sample unit cells based on aperture-coupled concept were fabricated and measured. Two standard WR-90 waveguides and vector network analyzer are used to measure the fabricated elements. The transmission and reflection loss performances of the measured sample unit cells are demonstrated and validated with CST software simulations. The experimental results obtained are promising and indorses that waveguide simulators are precise and cost-effective method of measuring the scattering parameters of flat lens antenna unit cells.
Robust coordination of directional overcurrent relays using a matheuristic algorithm

Directional overcurrent relays are often used in the protection of electrical power transmission and distribution systems. These devices are installed along the network, and they must be coordinated to operate as fast as possible and in the adequate sequence. However, the coordination of relays is a complex problem, due to its discrete non-linear nature and its hard constraint structure. A matheuristic algorithm to provide coordination of directional overcurrent is proposed in this work. The algorithm combines a differential evolution strategy and linear programming formulations. In addition, two local search procedures are proposed to improve convergence and to handle continuous and discrete relay setups. Results for five instances show that the proposed method is able to obtain identical or better solutions than those already reported in the literature with considerably lower computational cost. Furthermore, the algorithm can directly handle robust coordination by considering possible changes in the systems conditions.
The Long Shadow of Inequality

Interest in social inequality has become a pertinent and even dominant theme in sociological research. A large part of all research activities deals in one way or another with the issue of inequality, its description and its explanation. When Piketty as an economist became the star of inequality research, there was more than one envious side glance among the community of sociologists. After he published his seminal workCapital in the Twenty-First Century in 2014 it became a world bestseller, read or praised by people as far removed as the Pope and US President Barack Obama, and appealing to participants in the World Economic Forum in Davos as well as to Oxfam. Though Piketty’s work is largely admired for its historical depth, data richness and statistical sophistication, many—in particular sociologists— have also criticized its reductionist view on inequality, primarily understood as wealth and income distribution. Though these inequalities are seen as important, from a sociological viewpoint they are only one layer, if not a specific aspect, of the whole inequality story. Sociology has never been interested merely in distributional aspects, but in the social reproduction of inequality and its various modes, power relations, collective mobilizations, the formations of social groups, the intermingling between economy, culture and the social, and how different inequalities intersect. This is whereMike Savage’s book steps in. He does take the inexorable rise of interest in inequality as a starting point, but extends the focus considerably. Not only are class and money or asset-related inequalities scrutinized, but also gender, race and ethnicities, as well as their intersections. He posits the problem that much of inequality research tends to separate “inequality into discrete boxes” (x) rather than seeing and analysing its components as inherently entangled. As an acclaimed sociologist with a strong empirical research agenda, Savage underlines the recent advances in sociological research, in particular the rapid and widespread use of advanced statistical tools and models and the deployment of new data sources, but laments the apparent price to be paid: a “fractal divide” [12]. By missing the big picture and becoming a “specialized specialist”, larger questions remain mostly unanswered and parts of sociological research seem to be driven into irrelevance, or at least cut off from public
Coordinated control for low voltage ride-through of a PMSG-based wind power plant

Wind turbine generators should be kept connected to a power grid, while supporting the voltage recovery in the case of a grid fault to meet low voltage ride-through requirement in some grid codes. This paper proposes a coordinated control scheme that prevents the increase in the DC-link voltage by reducing the active power in the machine side converter of permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs) in proportion to the voltage dip at the terminal of PMSGs. The proposed scheme changes the current priorities from the active current to the reactive current to inject more reactive power for a severe fault depending on the voltage dip. In addition, the grid-side converter operates in a voltage control mode with the slope, which is the ratio of reactive current capability to the voltage tolerance around a rated value. Moreover, during the fault, the slope is changed depending on the voltage dip to inject more reactive current. The performance of the proposed scheme is validated for a wind power plan.
USING SYSTEMATIC DATA FLOW WITH HELP OF HAND GESTURE BASED DIGIT RECOGNITION

Recognition of static hand gestures in our daily plays an important role in human-computer interaction. Hand gesture recognition has been a challenging task now days so a lot of research topic has been going on due to its increased demands in human computer interaction. Since Hand gestures have been the most natural communication medium among human being, so this facilitate efficient human computer interaction in many electronics gazettes . This has led us to take up this task of hand gesture recognition. In this paper different hand gestures are recognized and no of fingers are counted. Recognition process INVOLVES steps like feature extraction, features reduction and classification. To make the recognition process robust against varying illumination we used lighting compensation method along with YCbCr model.
Design and calibration of a new compound sensor for water content and electrical conductivity in soilless substrates

Reliable and affordable compound sensors for measuring the water content and electrical conductivity simultaneously in soilless substrates are limited. In this study, a new compound sensor based on dielectric theory and four-electrode method is presented, and the size of the sensor is determined with the help of ANSYS software. A water content calibration test is designed in vinegar residue and coconut chaff with the same electrical conductivity. Test results show that the water content calibration equation is suitable for different substrates. Similarly, an electrical conductivity calibration equation is obtained in different concentrations of salt solutions. Considering the influence of electrical conductivity to water content measurement, a two-factor (water content and electrical conductivity) orthogonal test is designed in coconut chaff. Based on the analysis of test results, two compensation models – the multiplicative model and the additive model – are proposed. To evaluate the reliability of the models, a multiple linear regression analysis is employed. The results indicate that the additive model has a relatively higher reliability, i.e. the additive model can be regarded as the compensation model. After compensation, the relative errors of the measured values (including volumetric water content and electrical conductivity) are no more than 10%, and the compound sensor is suitable for different soilless substrates without recalibration.