Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Burkitt lymphoma: Residual abdominal tumor volume after induction therapy correlates with outcome

Staging investigations in the Malawi 2003 BL protocol included abdominal ultrasonography. This sometimes demonstrated tumor that was not palpable. Patients with no palpable tumor following induction with three courses of cyclophosphamide were considered to be in remission, although residual intraabdominal tumor was documented in some by chance. We repeated ultrasonography on day 29 on 22 new patients with non‐palpable abdominal BL following induction. The relapse rate after 1 year correlated with the largest residual tumor volume, and was 17% for tumors 0–35 ml, and 75% for tumors ≥35 ml in volume. Risk patients were thus identified. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:761–762. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A tale of two nations: The divergent pathways for indigenous labour force outcomes in Australia and New Zealand since 1991

This paper compares labour market experiences of indigenous Australians and Maori since 1971 with a particular focus on the early 1990s where employment outcomes appeared to diverge dramatically. One way to enhance the interpretability of international comparisons is to examine what happened in urban and other areas because the globalised economy means that the labour market in major cities tend to track one another reasonably closely. It is also important to condition on the level of urbanisation in the respective countries because geography provides a rudimentary control for differing levels of acculturation and the historical experiences of colonisation. The analysis provides two main insights: first that Maori populations are more fully integrated into the New Zealand economy and business cycle than indigenous Australians are into the Australian economy. The second finding is that while Maori are performing very well in terms of employment growth, the prospect for future improvements may be constrained by unresolved cultural conflict embodied in the high ongoing rates of Maori arrest. While there is a similar level of cultural conflict between indigenous and other Australians, it is probable that the historical difference in the treatment of the respective indigenous populations is partially responsible for the different economic outcomes in the two nations. Centre for Indigenous Governance and Development ii CIGAD Working Paper No. 7/2005
Use of a Computerized Decisional Analysis Tool in Patients With Urgency Urinary Incontinence

Importance Decision analysis tools (DAT) are shared decision making instruments that include patient input on treatment goals and values that have been shown to decrease decisional regret in women's health care. Objective We describe a novel, computerized DAT for patients with urinary incontinence (UI), and our primary aim was to assess the concordance between treatment fit as determined by the DAT and treatment selected after physician counseling in patients with urgency urinary incontinence and urgency predominant mixed urinary incontinence. Study Design We partnered with a health care startup to develop a computerized DAT incorporating evidence about UI and patient input about treatment goals and personal values. This is a retrospective cohort study examining the concordance of DAT-predicted treatments identified before consultation with the physician and those chosen after counseling. Electronic medical records were reviewed to abstract demographic, clinical data, and treatments chosen at the initial physician consultation. Because it was possible to pursue concurrent treatment options (ie, pelvic floor physical therapy and medications), the first 2 modalities identified in the treatment plan at consultation were abstracted. Descriptive statistics were conducted using SPSS®, we did not adjust for multiple comparisons. Results Four hundred eighty-nine patients met the inclusion criteria for our study, and 65% of the cohort chose treatment options after counseling that were concordant with their DAT best treatment fit. Conclusion Patients choosing treatment for urgency urinary incontinence and urgency predominant mixed urinary incontinence using a novel, computer-based DAT to prepare for shared decision making with their physicians often choose to proceed with their top DAT-determined treatment fit after counseling.
Naturally Small: Teaching and Learning in the Last One-Room Schools

Chapter 1. Re-Bunking the One-Teacher School: Our Future in Our Past? Chapter 2. Why Consider One-Teacher Schools? Chapter 3. Two Modern One-Teacher Schools in Rural Nebraska. Chapter 4. Getting Through Academic Life at Bighand School. Chapter 5. Learning to Think at Upper Rill School. Chapter 6. A Critical Comparison of Bighand and Upper Rill Schools. Chapter 7. One-Teacher Schools, School Size and Reform.
ATVB In Focus Role of ABCA1 in Cellular Cholesterol Efflux and Reverse Cholesterol Transport

The removal of excess free cholesterol from cells by HDL or its apolipoproteins is important for maintaining cellular cholesterol homeostasis. This process is most likely compromised in the atherosclerotic lesion because the development of atherosclerosis is associated with low HDL cholesterol. Multiple mechanisms for efflux of cell cholesterol exist. Efflux of free cholesterol via aqueous diffusion occurs with all cell types but is inefficient. Efflux of cholesterol is accelerated when scavenger receptor class-B type I (SR-BI) is present in the cell plasma membrane. Both diffusion-mediated and SR-BI–mediated efflux occur to phospholipid-containing acceptors (ie, HDL and lipidated apolipoproteins); in both cases, the flux of cholesterol is bidirectional, with the direction of net flux depending on the cholesterol gradient. The ATP-binding cassette transporter AI (ABCA1) mediates efflux of both cellular cholesterol and phospholipid. In contrast to SR-BI–mediated flux, efflux via ABCA1 is unidirectional, occurring to lipid-poor apolipoproteins. The relative importance of the SR-BI and ABCA1 efflux pathways in preventing the development of atherosclerotic plaque is not known but will depend on the expression levels of the two proteins and on the type of cholesterol acceptors available. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003;23:712-719.)
La politica energética en el sector eléctrico

espanolEn este articulo se analizan los rasgos especificos de la politica energetica y sus diferencias con las demas politicas industriales. Se examina la relacion entre politica energetica y regulacion y la importancia del riesgo regulatorio. El articulo describe algunos aspectos basicos de la regulacion del sector electrico, los fallos de mercado y regulatorios mas caracteristicos del sector y el impacto de las restricciones de seguridad y sostenibilidad impuestas por la politica energetica en el futuro de la regulacion electrica EnglishThis paper analyzes the specific features of energy policy and its differences with other industrial policies. The links between energy policy and regulation are reviewed and the regulatory risk is analyzed. The paper describes some basic features of electricity regulation, market and regulatory failures in the electricity industry, and the impact of security and sustainability constraints required by energy policy on the future of electricity regulation
European Journal of Educational Research Dance Movement-Based Intervention Reduces Stereotypical Behavior in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

: Autistic individuals are commonly characterized by stereotypical behaviors, which affect their daily life, particularly social aspects. The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of dance movement-based intervention in reducing stereotypical behavior among autistic children. The study used an experimental-based approach, which recruited 30 autistic children purposively between 9 and 15 years old, diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder- level 1 (ASD [1]) or autism spectrum disorder- level 2 (ASD [2]) from one autism center in Jordan. The intervention sessions were fifteen sessions and lasted 60 minutes. The dance movement and music were selected cautiously by professional therapists. The observation was the study tool for collecting data performed by both author and care providers. The results approved the effectiveness of the suggested intervention in reducing stereotypical behavior. The children presenting ASD (1) showed significantly less stereotypical behavior than those presenting ASD (2). The result also showed that the difference was significant and obvious from the first three sessions, but the best reduction was in the fourth session. However, the results refuted any difference in reduction of stereotypical behavior attributed to gender or age group of participants. the results refuted any difference in reduction of stereotypical behavior attributed to gender or age group of participants. The study provided additional empirical evidence on the effectiveness of the dance movement and music as an intervention program to reduce stereotypical behavior. Also, the results of the current study could be used to increase awareness and social involvement by using dancing movements and music. However, the current results support the differences in the effectiveness of the program due to the severity level of ASD.
Automatic event detection in basketball using HMM with energy based defensive assignment

Abstract We propose a unsupervised learning framework for automatically labeling events in a basketball game. Our framework uses the the optical player tracking data in the NBA. We first learn the time series of defensive assignments using a novel player and location dependent attraction based model which uses hidden Markov models (HMMs), Gaussian processes, and a “bond breaking” model for changes in defensive assignments. Next, we use the learned defensive assignments as an input to a set of HMMs that automatically detect events such as ball screens, drives and post-ups. We show that our models provide significant improvements over existing benchmarks both on defensive assignments and event detection.
CZECH TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE Faculty of Electrical Engineering

This thesis focuses on creating a reliable pedestrian detection system for autonomous vehicles, which is capable of operating in adverse weather conditions. The system uses a combination of radar-lidar sensors, which using sensor fusion, the system obtains higher precision of the detections. The uses not only sensor fusion, but also for learning one the other. The pedestrian detection pipeline is combined with a navigation system capable of autonomously traversing a previously taught path. The experiments of the system that this work shows, is the detection of a pedestrian under the influence of fog, the capability of the system to reliably autonomously navigate a real robot even when pedestrians are walking in its way, and the capability of object detection on a car-like machine, deployed at a car manufacturing plant.
Czech Technical University in Prague Faculty of Electrical Engineering

The goal of an European project called HUMAVIPS is to endow humanoids, robot Nao in particular, with audio visual capabilities, in order to improve the human–robot interaction and communication possibilities. This thesis contributes to this challenging task by focusing on robot localization and navigation, employing the visual input for 3D scene reconstruction from images captured by the robot. A state of the art image processing pipeline SfMSeqv2 developed at CMP is modified for this purpose and successfully used for real-time Structure from Motion (SfM) computing. The reconstructed camera poses serve as a localization mechanism and the combination of localization and 3D scene reconstruction results in Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM). Several hardware specific issues encountered are tackled and described. I thank my thesis supervisor Mgr. Michal Havlena for his valuable advices and all help I have received from him. I also thank Ing. Tomáš Pajdla Ph. D. for his comments and ideas. Last but not least I thank my wife Štěpánka for her support and patience.
CZECH TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE Faculty of Electrical Engineering

This thesis presents fiducial markers suitable for vision-based external and ego-localisation, as well as it introduces a new fiducial marker localisation system. The newly described marker is capable of the full 6 degrees of freedom estimation, unique identification and real-time evaluation. This kind of low-cost markers combined with an off-the-shelf camera aims to be accepted by the robotic community as a substitution of the current high-end expensive localisation systems. In the thesis, we also compare the fiducial marker with the most popular state-of-theart methods in terms of pose estimation quality. As the quality of the methods depends on the ability to determine the pose and ID precisely, we proposed a set of criteria for testing both the position and orientation error based on real-world applications in fields of mobile and swarm robotics. For this purpose, an artificial simulation-based environment with three different scenarios was developed together with an automated testing and evaluation framework. To obtain knowledge about how the methods behave under real-world conditions, we also tested them on a swarm dataset.
The significance and characteristics of the patients with Ribbon-like signal hyperintensity after acute ischemic stroke

Background. We discovered a novel finding of ribbon-like signal hyperintensity of the cerebral cortical gyri, named the ribbon sign, after reperfusion therapy. Herein, we report the significance and clinical characteristics of ribbon signs. Methods. Data from consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke and anterior large-vessel occlusion were prospectively extracted from the Tokushima University Hospital Stroke Registry between January 2011 and March 2020. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was retrospectively assessed in patients with acute ischemic stroke with large-vessel occlusion, with or without treatment. Results. A total of 140 patients (78 males, Average age: 75.7 years) were enrolled in the study. The mean DWI-Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (DWI-ASPECTS) was 7.0. Among the patients, 113 (80.7%) underwent reperfusion therapy and 95 (67.9%) had unfavorable outcomes. Eighty-one (57.9%) patients underwent successful recanalization. The ribbon sign was more common in patients with successful recanalization than in the patients with unsuccessful recanalization (53.1% vs. 8.5%, respectively; p<0.01). Conclusion. Our study is the first to report that the ribbon sign is a specific finding after successful recanalization in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Consequences for predator–prey dynamics caused by the presence of obstacles

In order to understand how a heterogeneous habitat affects the population dynamics of the predator–prey system, a spatially explicit lattice model consisting of predators, prey and obstacles is constructed. The model includes smart pursuit (predators to prey) and evasion (prey from predators). Both species can affect their movement by visual perception within their finite sighting range. Non-conservative processes that change the number of individuals within the population, such as breeding and physiological dying, are implemented in the model. Obstacles are represented by non-overlapping lattice shapes that are randomly placed on the lattice. In the absence of obstacles, numerical simulations reveal regular, coherent oscillations with a nearly constant predator–prey phase difference. Numerical simulations have shown that changing the probabilities for non-conservative processes can increase or decrease the period of coherent oscillations in species abundances and change the relative lag between coherent components. After introducing obstacles into the model, we observe random transitions between coherent and non-coherent oscillating regimes. In the non-coherent regime, predator and prey abundances continue to oscillate, but without a well-defined phase relationship. Our model suggests that stochasticity introduced by density fluctuations of obstacles is responsible for the reversible shift from coherent to non-coherent oscillations.
Novel diversity of polar Cyanobacteria revealed by genome-resolved metagenomics

Benthic microbial mats dominated by Cyanobacteria are important features of polar lakes. Although culture-independent studies have provided important insights into their diversity, only a handful of genomes of polar Cyanobacteria have been sequenced to date. Here, we applied a genome-resolved metagenomics approach to data obtained from Arctic, sub-Antarctic, and Antarctic microbial mats. We recovered 22 unique metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of Cyanobacteria, most of which are only distantly related to genomes that have been sequenced so far. These include i) lineages that are common in polar microbial mats such as the filamentous taxa Pseudanabaena, Leptolyngbya, Microcoleus/Tychonema, and Phormidium; ii) the less common taxa Crinalium and Chamaesiphon; iii) an enigmatic Chroococcales lineage only distantly related to Microcystis; and iv) an early branching lineage in the order Gloeobacterales that is almost exclusively restricted to the cold biosphere, for which we propose the name Candidatus Sivonenia alaskensis. Our results show that genome-resolved metagenomics is a powerful tool for expanding our understanding of the diversity of Cyanobacteria, especially in understudied remote and extreme environments. Data summary The sequencing data generated in this study have been submitted to the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) under the BioProject PRJEB59431. Individual accession numbers for raw reads and genomic bins are listed in Table S1 and Table S3, respectively. Genomic bins can also be downloaded from doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare. 22003967. The commands used throughout this study are available in github.com/igorspp/polar-cyanobacteria-MAGs. Impact statement Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic microorganisms that play important roles in polar lacustrine ecosystems. Many Cyanobacteria are difficult to grow in the laboratory, particularly in isolation from other organisms, which makes it challenging to sequence their genomes. As such, considerably fewer genomes of Cyanobacteria have been sequenced so far compared to other bacteria. In this study, we used a metagenomics approach to recover novel genomes of Cyanobacteria from Arctic and Antarctic microbial mats without the need to isolate the organisms. The community DNA was extracted and sequenced, and the genomes of individual populations were separated using bioinformatics tools. We recovered 22 different genomes of Cyanobacteria, many of which have not been sequenced before. We describe in more detail an interesting lineage of ancestral Cyanobacteria in the order Gloeobacterales, for which we propose the name Candidatus Sivonenia alaskensis. Our study shows that genome-resolved metagenomics is a valuable approach for obtaining novel genomes of Cyanobacteria, which are needed to improve our understanding of life in the polar regions and the planet at large.
Triptans for Migraine Therapy: A Comparison Based on Number Needed to Treat and Doses Needed to Treat

OBJECTIVES: Managed care and other decision makers need sound comparative information to support the formulary selection process and reimbursement decisions for the treatment of migraine. The objective of this study was to compare currently marketed triptan therapies using number-needed-to-treat (NNT) and doses-needed-to-treat (DNT) measures. DNT was further used to derive triptan treatment cost to achieve 100 successfully treated patients such that the cost-effectiveness of each treatment regime could be compared from the payer perspective. METHODS: Using published meta-analysis data to categorize patients as treatment success or failure, an NNT and a DNT were derived for each triptan. Treatment success was defined as achieving a 2-hour pain response, sustained through 24 hours postdose. Costs were derived by multiplying DNT by the average wholesale price (AWP) minus 15% for each triptan. RESULTS: Eletriptan 40 mg had the lowest NNT, with 361 patients needing to be treated in order to have 100 patients achieve clinical benefit; rizatriptan 5 mg had the highest NNT (597 patients). Eletriptan 40 mg required 388 doses to successfully treat 100 patients the lowest number of doses of the triptans considered; rizatriptan 5 mg required the highest number (662 doses). Eletriptan 40 mg had the lowest total triptan cost of $5,630 to successfully treat 100 patients. The highest total triptan cost of treatment was $11,136 for naratriptan 2.5 mg. CONCLUSIONS: Eletriptan 40 mg provides the best value in terms of the lowest DNT, assuming an approximately equal AWP discount for each triptan. Eletriptan 40 mg also was found to have the lowest total triptan cost to successfully treat 100 patients. Future research should further explore the utility of DNT in managed care decision making.
Age-Related Delay in Visual and Auditory Evoked Responses is Mediated by White and Gray matter Differences

Slowing is a common feature of ageing, yet a direct relationship between neural slowing and brain atrophy is yet to be established in healthy humans. We combine magnetoencephalographic (MEG) measures of neural processing speed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of white- and gray-matter in a large (N=617, 18-88yrs), population-derived cohort (www.cam-can.org) to investigate the relationship between age-related structural differences and VEF and AEF delay across two different tasks. Using a novel technique, we show that VEFs exhibit a constant delay, whereas AEPs exhibit delay that accumulates over time. Visual delay is mediated by white-matter microstructure in the optic radiation, presumably reflecting increased transmission time, whereas auditory delay is mediated by gray-matter differences in auditory cortex, presumably reflecting less efficient local processing. Our results demonstrate that age has dissociable effects on neural processing speed, and that these effects relate to different types of brain atrophy.
Development of community strategies supporting brief alcohol advice in three Latin American countries: a protocol

Summary Brief alcohol advice offered to patients was shown to be a clinically- and cost-effective intervention to prevent and manage alcohol-related health harm. However, this intervention is not yet optimally implemented in practice. A suggested strategy to improve the implementation of brief alcohol advice is through community actions which would enhance the environment in which primary healthcare providers must deliver the intervention. However, there has been scarce research conducted to date regarding which community actions have most influence on the adoption and implementation of brief alcohol advice. The current protocol presents the development of a package of community actions to be implemented in three Latin American municipalities, in Colombia, Mexico and Peru. The community actions were based on the Institute for Health Care Improvement’s framework for going to full scale, and include: (i) involvement of a Community Advisory Board, (ii) involvement of a project champion, (iii) adoption mechanisms, (iv) support systems and (v) a communication campaign. By presenting a protocol for developing community actions with input from local stakeholders, this article contributes to advancing the public health field of alcohol prevention by potentially stimulating the sustainable adoption and implementation of brief alcohol advice in routine practice.