Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Von Willebrand Disease: A Database of Point Mutations, Insertions, and Deletions

Summary The current system for the diagnosis and classification of von Willebrand disease (vWD) is quite complex, with more than 20 distinct variants described. Over the past few years considerable progress has been made toward an understanding of vWD at the molecular level. A small cluster of mutations within the vWF A1 homologous repeat appears responsible for over 90% of type IIB vWD. A similar cluster of mutations in the vWF A2 homologous repeat accounts for the majority of type II A vWD. By RFLP analysis, several type II vWD mutations have been shown to be recurrent on distinct haplotype backgrounds, suggesting independent genetic origins (see accompanying manuscript for a complete list of known polymorphisms). Several mutations at the N-terminus of the mature vWF subunit have been identified in association with abnormal factor VIII binding. Homozygotes for this abnormal vWF present with a hemophilia-like phenotype that is autosomal recessive in inheritance. In a small subset of patients with type III vWD large gene deletions have been identified on one or both vWF alleles. Carriers heterozygous for a deleted locus and one normal vWF gene are generally asymptomatic. Nonsense mutations and other defects resulting in loss of vWF mRNA expression from one allele have also been associated with a recessive type III vWD phenotype. No distinct molecular defect responsible for classic type I vWD has yet been defined.
Interface deflections induced by the Marangoni effect: an application to infrared-visible image conversion

Considers a system of two superposed fluid layers F1 and F2 and studies the linear response of the air-F1 and F1-F2 interfaces to a modulation of the surface tension at the air-F1 interface due to inhomogeneous heating by infrared radiation. The deflection of the F1-F2 interface is shown to be strongly enhanced relative to that of the air-F1 interface. Making this deflection visible is the principle of a very sensitive IR-visible image converter.
Comparison of the Responses of Global Tests of Coagulation with Molecular Markers of Neutrophil, Endothelial, and Hemostatic System Perturbation in the Baboon Model of E. coli Sepsis

Summary This study correlates changes in neutrophilic activity and endothelial injury with markers of hemostatic activity following the infusion of increasing concentrations of E. coli organisms. It focuses on the hemostatic response as a marker of microvascular injury and uses the response to increasing concentrations of E. coli to refine our definition of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and distinguish between a compensated (non-overt DIC) and uncompensated (overt DIC) response. We observed that the global coagulation tests reflected activation of the hemostatic system in a dose dependent manner (overt DIC) in the early phases (T+2 to 6 h) of the response to increasing concentrations of E. coli, but that they failed to do so in the late phases (T+ 24 to 48 h). We observed that molecular markers, soluble thrombomodulin and elastase, unlike thrombin/antithrombin and plasmin/antiplasmin complexes, remained elevated out to T+24 to 48 h indicating endothelial injury that persists beyond the initial inflammatory insult in compensated as well as uncompensated DIC.
Some results about Schiffer's conjectures

We study two overdetermined problems in spectral theory, about the Laplace operator. These problems are known as Schiffer's conjectures and are related to the Pompeiu problem. We show the connection between these problems and the critical points of the functional eigenvalue with a volume constraint. We use this fact, together with the continuous Steiner symmetrization, to give another proof of Serrin's result for the first Dirichlet eigenvalue. In two dimensions and for a general simple eigenvalue, we obtain different integral identities and a new overdetermined boundary value problem.
The topological entropy of cellular automata is uncomputable

Abstract There is no algorithm which will take a description of a celluar automaton and determine whether it has zero topological entropy, or for any fixed ε > 0 compute its topological entropy to a tolerance e. Furthermore a set of aperiodic Wang tiles arising from Penrose's kite and dart tiles is used to demonstrate specific examples of cellular automata with a single periodic point but non-trivial non-wandering sets, which furthermore can be constructed to have arbitrarily high topological entropy.
ENSAYOS DIFERENCIALES EN TAREAS DE IGUALACIÓN A LA MUESTRA DEMORADA

The effects of the differential correlation of different values of the intertrial interval with the sample stimulus on the response rate and the discrimination index in a delayed matching to sample task were evaluated. For a group with response-dependent reinforcement and for another group with responseindependent reinforcement different values of the intertrial interval were used (30 and 5s), for other two groups the same value of the intertrial interval (17.5s) was used. In further phases the interval between the sample and the comparisons (delay) was increased (2,4,8,16s). The Intertrial interval-sample stimulus correlations generated different response rates. The discrimination index was an inverse relation of the delay duration, there was a more gradual decrement in the discrimination index in the groups with the differential correlation of the intertrial interval. The results are discussed in the sense that differential rate of responding is not specific to differential outcomes procedures.
Wave turbulent diffusion due to the Doppler shift

Turbulent diffusion of a passive tracer caused by a random wavefield is believed to be quadratic with respect to the energy spectrum εk of the velocity field (i.e. proportional to ϵ4, where ϵ is the order of the wave amplitudes). So, the wave turbulent diffusion (say, on the ocean surface or in the air) is often believed to be dominated by the turbulent diffusion due to the incompressible flow. In this paper, we show that the wave turbulent diffusion can be associated with the Doppler shift and find that the wave turbulent diffusion can be more significant than previously thought. This mechanism works if the velocity field is compressible and statistically anisotropic, with the result that the wave system has a significant Stokes drift. The contribution of this mechanism has a lower order in ϵ. We confirm our results with numerical simulations. To derive these results, we develop the statistical near-identity transformation.
POSITIVE SOLUTIONS FOR THIRD-ORDER STURM-LIOUVILLE BOUNDARY-VALUE PROBLEMS WITH p-LAPLACIAN

In this article, we consider the third-order Sturm-Liouville bound- ary value problem, with p-Laplacian, ( p(u 00 (t))) 0 +f(t,u(t)) = 0, t 2 (0,1), u (0) u 0 (0) = 0, u (1) +u 0 (1) = 0, u 00 (0) = 0, where p(s) = |s| p 2 s, p > 1. By means of the Leggett-Williams fixed- point theorems, we prove the existence of multiple positive solutions. As an application, we give an example that illustrates our result.
High-mass X-ray binary populations. 1: Galactic modeling

Modern stellar evolutionary tracks are used to calculate the evolution of a very large number of massive binary star systems (M(sub tot) greater than or = 15 solar mass) which cover a wide range of total masses, mass ratios, and starting separations. Each binary is evolved accounting for mass and angular momentum loss through the supernova of the primary to the X-ray binary phase. Using the observed rate of star formation in our Galaxy and the properties of massive binaries, we calculate the expected high-mass X-ray binary (HMXRB) population in the Galaxy. We test various massive binary evolutionary scenarios by comparing the resulting HMXRB predictions with the X-ray observations. A major goal of this study is the determination of the fraction of matter lost from the system during the Roche lobe overflow phase. Curiously, we find that the total numbers of observable HMXRBs are nearly independent of this assumed mass-loss fraction, with any of the values tested here giving acceptable agreement between predicted and observed numbers. However, comparison of the period distribution of our HMXRB models with the observed period distribution does reveal a distinction among the various models. As a result of this comparison, we conclude that approximately 70% of the overflow matter is lost from a massive binary system during mass transfer in the Roche lobe overflow phase. We compare models constructed assuming that all X-ray emission is due to accretion onto the compact object from the donor star's wind with models that incorporate a simplified disk accretion scheme. By comparing the results of these models with observations, we conclude that the formation of disks in HMXRBs must be relatively common. We also calculate the rate of formation of double degenerate binaries, high velocity detached compact objects, and Thorne-Zytkow objects.
Optical excitation of deep defect levels in insulators within many-body perturbation theory: The F center in calcium fluoride

As a prototype for defects in insulators, we discuss the optical properties of the $F$ center in calcium fluoride $(\mathrm{Ca}{\mathrm{F}}_{2})$, which constitutes a prominent defect of the material. The $F$ center of $\mathrm{Ca}{\mathrm{F}}_{2}$ exhibits a defect state deep in the band gap. Its excitation by light (at $3.3\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$ excitation energy) is described by ab initio many-body perturbation theory ($GW$ approximation and the Bethe\char21{}Salpeter equation), including electronic exchange, correlation, and electron-hole interaction effects. The excitation causes strong relaxation of the defect geometry, leading to significant broadening of the optical spectrum by $0.5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$ and to a large Stokes shift of $1.5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$.
High-resolution direct numerical simulation of turbulence

We performed high-resolution direct numerical simulations (DNS) of incompressible turbulence in a periodic box by using a Fourier spectral method with the number of grid points up to 40963. The simulations consist of two series: one with k maxη∼ 1 (series 1), and the other with k maxη∼ 2 (series 2), where k max is the highest wavenumber in each simulation, and η is the Kolmogorov length scale. In the 40963 DNS, the Taylor scale Reynolds number R λ ∼ 1200 and the ratio of L/η of the integral length scale L to η is approximately 2200, in series 1. The DNS data analysis reveals simple scaling of various spectra, and also sheds some light on (i) the energy spectrum at high R λ, (ii) the asymptotic R λ-dependence of the normalized energy dissipation rate, (iii) the anomalous scaling of the spectra of energy dissipation and enstrophy, and so on. After some preliminary remarks on the methods and limitations of the DNS, this paper presents a review of the DNS data analysis. Discussions are also made on some questions invoked by the DNS.
Single Mode Lasing in InGaAsP/InP Semiconductor Coupled Square Ring Cavities

This work reports the stability of the resonant characteristics in multimode interferometer coupled square ring semiconductor cavities. Based on the analysis of single square ring cavities, the single mode operations in the multimode interferometer coupled ring cavities are analyzed and the devices are demonstrated on the semiconductor multiple quantum well epitaxial structure. By varying the lasing conditions such as substrate temperature and input pump power, single resonant mode operations are also observed.
Clustering space-time interest points for action representation

This paper presents a novel approach to represent human actions in a video. Our approach deals with the limitation of local representation, i.e. space-time interest points, which cannot adequately represent actions in a video due to lack of global information about geometric relationships among interest points. It adds the geometric relationships to interest points by clustering interest points using squared Euclidean distances, followed by using a minimum hexahedron to represent each cluster. Within each video, we build a multi-dimensional histogram based on the characteristics of hexahedrons in the video for recognition. The experimental results show that the proposed representation is powerful to include the global information on top of local interest points and it successfully increases the accuracy of action recognition.
A regular counterexample to the -space conjecture

This paper presents a completely regular counterexample to the conjec- ture that every y-space is quasi-metrizable. Junnila has shown that developable Y-spaces are quasi-metrizable; this example shows that "developable" cannot be replaced by "quasi-developable". In the process we provide a method for construct- ing non-n-pretransitive spaces. 1. Introduction. The y-space conjecture is the conjecture that every y-space is quasi-metrizable. This conjecture has been proven for various classes of spaces, among them spaces with orthobases, developable spaces, and suborderable spaces (G-K2; J2; B-Kl). In (F) it is shown how to construct a counterexample X to the y-space conjecture from a y-space X having a neighbournet U with the property that Uk is not a normal neighbournet for any k g N (such a space X may be obtained by taking the topological sum of a sequence of y-spaces Xn, where Xn is not «-pretransi- tive). However, even if X is completely regular, X need not be regular at all. A sufficient condition for X to be completely regular is that X be completely regular and that Uk be a clopen neighbournet for every k G N.
Study of DACH1 Expression and its Epigenetic Regulators as Possible Breast Cancer-Related Biomarkers

Background: Breast carcinogenesis involves both genetic and epigenetic changes. DNA methylation, as well as micro-RNA regulations, are the significant epigenetic phenomena dysregulated in breast cancer. Herein, the expression of DACH1 as a tumor suppressor gene and its promoter methylation status was analyzed in breast cancer tumors. Also, the expression of three micro RNAs (miR-217, miR-6807-3p, and miR-552), which had been previously reported to target DACH1, was assessed. Methods: The SYBR green-based Real-Time reverse transcription-PCR was used to determine DACH1 and micro-RNAs (miR-217, miR-6807-3p, and miR-552) expression in 120 ductal breast cancer tumors compared with standard control. Also, the promoter methylation pattern of DACH1 was investigated using the Methylation-specific PCR technique. Results: DACH1 expression was significantly down-regulated in breast tumors (p<0.05). About 33.5% of tumors showed DACH1 promoter hyper-methylation. The studied micro-RNAs, expression was negatively correlated with DACH1 expression. The highest expressions of miRNAs and higher DACH1 promoter methylation were observed in advanced cancer situations. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves indicated that the overall survival was significantly poor in higher miRNAs and lower DACH1 expression in breast cancer patients (p<0.002). Conclusion: DACH1 down-regulation may be associated with a poor breast cancer prognosis. The DACH1 down-regulation may be due to epigenetic regulations such as promoter methylation, especially in triple-negative cases. Other factors, such as micro-RNAs (miR-217, miR-6807-3p, and miR-552), may also have an impact. The elevated expression of miR-217, miR-6807-3p, and miR-552, maybe candidates as possible poor prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer management for further consideration.
Meaning of reaction orders in polymer:fullerene solar cells

Nongeminate recombination in polymer:fullerene solar cells is frequently characterized using transient optoelectronic measurements that allow the determination of recombination rates, charge carrier lifetimes, and average charge carrier concentrations as a function of voltage. These data are often interpreted in terms of an empirical reaction order defining how recombination depends on measured charge density. In polymer:fullerene solar cells, the empirical reaction orders are often considerably larger than 2, which had previously been explained in terms of the nonlinear relationship between mobile and trapped charge carriers in the presence of an exponential tail of localized states. Here, we show that experimentally determined reaction orders depend not only on the shape of the density of states but also on the spatial distribution of carriers. In particular, in solar cells with small depletion regions due to small active layer thicknesses or due to large unintentional background doping of the polymers, the reaction order can assume values that are much larger than the value expected from the shape of the density of states alone.
COVID-19 Pandemic, Internal Audit Function and Audit Report Lag: Evidence from Emerging economy

Abstract With the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, the accounting and auditing profession has been exposed to additional risks, challenges, and serious threats that affect audit quality; audit timeliness. Therefore, this study examines the effect of COVID-19 on audit reporting lag (ARL). In addition, this study investigates whether the internal corporate monitoring mechanisms contribute to mitigating the effect of the global health crisis; consequently, the study employs the internal audit function (IAF) cost as a moderator on the relationship between COVID-19 and ARL. To accomplish the objectives of our study, a sample of 1,352 firm-year observations from Malaysian listed firms was employed during the period 2017–2020, and feasible generalized least square (FGLS) regression was used. The findings indicate that auditors take longer to complete audit tasks and produce audit reports during COVID-19 than before. However, that period is obviously reduced with firms investing higher in their IAF. Furthermore, the findings obtained from the additional analyses and endogeneity tests support the main regression findings, thereby revealing that the findings are robust. The study’s findings are among the earliest empirical evidence of the effect of COVID-19 on the ARL.
On the occurrence of Eurasian Otter Lutra lutra (Carnivora: Mustelidae) in Neeru stream of Chenab catchment, Jammu & Kashmir, India

This communication reports the first photographic record of Eurasian Otter Lutra lutra in a hill stream in Jammu & Kashmir, putting an end to doubts over its presence in the upper Chenab catchment. Three individuals were photographed during a limited camera trap survey conducted in Neeru stream, a left bank tributary of river Chenab during mid-October 2020. We argue that rapid human population influx, infrastructure expansion, and pollution have altered the hydro morphology of Neeru stream, affecting the otter population. This observation calls for more intensive otter surveys in the nearby smaller basins of Neeru, Kalnai, & Sewa and other large tributaries of Chenab River, combining occupancy surveys with camera traps for improved conservation and management of the species in the region.
Low-data simulation of diffractive optical elements based on the zones geometry

Design and simulation of two-dimensional diffractive optical elements are often limited by the amount of data required to represent the element in the computer's memory. We present a technique based on a geometrical description of the element, which requires fewer data than the traditional pixel description. Moreover, the element is being described more accurately and consequently the pixel-related artefacts are suppressed. This technique can be used for both periodic and non-periodic structures of large dimensions under Fraunhofer or Fresnel approximations. We apply the method to analysis of far-field beam-shaping elements and discuss possible extensions and refinements of the technique.
On the performance of correlation-based packet detection techniques

This work studies the performance of packet detection techniques in wireless systems where nodes transmit in a sporadic and asynchronous manner. Mod-elling a transmitter as a M/D/1 queue and focusing on a correlation-based approach, we derive exact expressions for the detection probability and false alarm rate at the receiver under AWGN conditions for any packet generation rate. Very tight approximations are also provided, and the performance of the correlator is compared to that of a likelihood-ratio-test solution. A significant aspect that has been frequently overlooked in literature is the necessity of addressing false alarms that may be caused by the data portion of sent messages. This factor has emerged in this work as a key consideration.
Comparison of N-face and Ga-face AlGaN/GaN-Based High Electron Mobility Transistors Grown by Plasma-Induced Molecular Beam Epitaxy

Nominally undoped GaN/AlxGa1-xN/GaN high electron mobility transistors were grown by plasma-induced molecular beam epitaxy in order to study the formation and electric transport properties of two-dimensional electron gases. By depositing an AlN nucleation layer on sapphire substrates before the growth of the GaN buffer layer, we were able to change the polarity of the wurtzite films from N- to Ga-face. The change in polarity causes a change in the sign of the spontaneous and piezoelectric polarization directed along the c-axis of the strained AlGaN barrier. The sign and the gradient in polarization at one of the GaN/AlGaN interfaces is mainly responsible for the generation and confinement of the two-dimensional electron gas. Ga- and N-face heterostructures with mobilities up to 1050 and 1200 cm2/Vs, respectively, and sheet carrier concentrations of up to 1.2×1013 cm-2 at room temperature were realized. Transistors processed from heterostructures with both polarities show maximum source-drain currents between 800 and 850 mA/mm and a transconductance of up to 250 mS/mm.
Social media adoption in smes sustainability: evidence from an emerging economy

Abstract Social media is constantly changing the business landscape across all economic sectors. Given this, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are leveraging this to give their businesses a new trend. In emerging economies, however, the rate of adoption and integration of social media among small and medium enterprises appears to have lagged due to a multitude of factors. Drawing on the technology organization and environment (TOE) framework, the purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting social media application adoption and their impact on SMEs’ sustainability in Ghana’s context. Data was collected from 430 managers of SMEs in Ghana using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using a PLS-SEM. Findings revealed that cost-effectiveness, customer pressure, employees’ competence, financial resource availability, and leaders’ support positively influence social media adoption, while social media adoption also impacts SME firms’ sustainability. A negative effect was, however, observed for factors like industry pressure, perceived complexity, relative advantage, and perceived compatibility. This study contributes to the rising deployment of social media by businesses to improve their competitiveness. The implications of the research are also discussed.
Stability of normal form digital filters with two's complement quantization

Normal-form digital filters are investigated for limit cycles due to two's complement truncation quantization. Regions in the parameter plane of a coupled-form filter are obtained where various types of period-one limit cycles are possible. A sufficient condition is established for the global asymptotic stability of a quantized coupled-form digital filter. A bound on the amplitude of limit cycles is obtained. This is used to develop an algorithm to check whether or not limit cycles are possible in a given filter. If possible, the algorithm produces all the initial conditions and periods for all possible limit cycles. <<ETX>>