Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thirty Years of Machine Learning: The Road to Pareto-Optimal Wireless Networks

Future wireless networks have a substantial potential in terms of supporting a broad range of complex compelling applications both in military and civilian fields, where the users are able to enjoy high-rate, low-latency, low-cost and reliable information services. Achieving this ambitious goal requires new radio techniques for adaptive learning and intelligent decision making because of the complex heterogeneous nature of the network structures and wireless services. Machine learning (ML) algorithms have great success in supporting big data analytics, efficient parameter estimation and interactive decision making. Hence, in this article, we review the thirty-year history of ML by elaborating on supervised learning, unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning and deep learning. Furthermore, we investigate their employment in the compelling applications of wireless networks, including heterogeneous networks (HetNets), cognitive radios (CR), Internet of Things (IoT), machine to machine networks (M2M), and so on. This article aims for assisting the readers in clarifying the motivation and methodology of the various ML algorithms, so as to invoke them for hitherto unexplored services as well as scenarios of future wireless networks.
Biomedical Waste: Sources, Composition, Categories and Global Scenario with Reference to India- A Review

In reducing health problems and eliminating potential risks to people’s health, health-care services inevitably create waste that may itself be hazardous to health. Waste produced in healthcare activities carries a higher potential for infection and injury. Therefore, safe and reliable methods for handling of medical waste are essential. Inadequate and inappropriate handling of health-care waste may have serious public health consequences and a significant impact on the environment. Effective confinement of Biomedical waste (BMW) and safe handling measures provide significant health protection. This review focuses on BMW with respect to: (1) definition; (2) sources; (3) classification; (4) sub-types of hazardous waste; (5) categories; (6) composition and (7) global scenario and status in India.
Identification of Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) OVATE Family Genes and Functional Characterization of LsOVATE1

The OVATE gene family is a class of conserved transcription factors that play significant roles in plant growth, development, and abiotic stress, and also affect fruit shape in vegetable crops. Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), commonly known as calabash or gourd, is an annual climber belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family. Studies on bottle gourd OVATE genes are limited. In this study, we performed genome-wide identification of the OVATE gene family in bottle gourd, and identified a total of 20 OVATE family genes. The identified genes were unevenly distributed across 11 bottle gourd chromosomes. We also analyzed the gene homology, amino acid sequence conservation, and three-dimensional protein structure (via prediction) of the 20 OVATE family genes. We used RNA-seq data to perform expression analysis, which found 20 OVATE family genes to be differentially expressed based on spatial and temporal characteristics, suggesting that they have varying functions in the growth and development of bottle gourd. In situ hybridization and subcellular localization analysis showed that the expression characteristics of the LsOVATE1 gene, located on chromosome 7 homologous to OVATE, is a candidate gene for affecting the fruit shape of bottle gourd. In addition, RT-qPCR data from bottle gourd roots, stems, leaves, and flowers showed different spatial expression of the LsOVATE1 gene. The ectopic expression of LsOVATE1 in tomato generated a phenotype with a distinct fruit shape and development. Transgenic-positive plants that overexpressed LsOVATE1 had cone-shaped fruit, calyx hypertrophy, petal degeneration, and petal retention after flowering. Our results indicate that LsOVATE1 could serve important roles in bottle gourd development and fruit shape determination, and provide a basis for future research into the function of LsOVATE1.
Mössbauer studies on the superparamagnetic behavior of 69–31 at.% FeNi fine particles

The Mossbauer effect is used to study the superparamagnetic behavior of fine particles of 69–31 at. % FeNi alloy. The Mossbauer spectrum of the alloy consists of a central single line and a six‐line magnetic hyperfine pattern for fine particles; but the single line disappears for larger particles, which is in disagreement with the previously reported interpretation that the central single line originates from the paramagnetic state of the antiferromagnetic regions in the ferromagnetic alloy. It is suggested that the central line originates from the superparamagnetic behavior of the ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic fine particles.
On the temperature dependence of one-magnon light scattering in antiferromagnets

A theory is presented for the temperature dependence of one-magnon light scattering in antiferromagnets. The Hamiltonian describing the interaction of light with the magnetic system is taken to include terms linear and quadratic in the spin operators, and these terms may be related respectively to the linear and quadratic complex magnetooptical effects. This represents an extension of earlier work in which only linear spin terms (linear magneto-optical coupling) were considered in calculating the scattered intensity for antiferromagnets. The theory is applied to FeF2, for which it is shown that the quadratic spin coupling may be important, and improved agreement with experimental data is obtained.
Extracting the parameters of digital reference wave from a single off-axis digital hologram

A novel digital method to extract the precise parameters of digital reference wave (Rd) from a single off-axis digital hologram is proposed. The method makes the Rd closer to the reference wave (R) used in experiment of hologram acquisition. The spectrum expression of off-axis digital hologram multiplied with a digital reference wave or a digital conjugate reference wave is derived for the study of the spectrum characteristics. It is shown that the parameters of the Rd are related to the size of the selected area in the center of the overlapped spectrogram. When Rd = R, the size of selected overlapped area is minimum. Thus, the parameters of the Rd can be determined by finding the minimum of the selected overlapped area. Some simulation results are given to validate the proposed method.
Free vibration analysis of laminated piezoceramic hollow spheres

This paper presents an exact three-dimensional analysis of the general nonaxisymmetric free vibration of a piezoceramic hollow sphere by employing a state-space approach. By introducing three displacement functions and two stress functions, the basic equations of a spherically isotropic piezoelectric medium are eventually turned into two separated state equations with variable coefficients. The solutions of these two equations are then obtained by virtue of Taylor’s expansion theorem. Relationships between the state variables at the inner and outer surfaces of a laminated hollow sphere are established. Exact frequency equations corresponding to two independent classes of vibrations are then derived from the free conditions at the spherical boundary surfaces. Numerical results are finally presented.
Robust exponential stabilization of stochastic coupled T‐S fuzzy complex networks subject to state‐dependent impulsive control

The problem of robust exponential stabilization for T‐S fuzzy stochastic dynamical networks (T‐S FSDNs) based on the state‐dependent impulsive controller is investigated in the paper. Using B‐equivalence approach, some sufficient conditions are provided such that every solution of considered systems intersects each impulsive surface exactly once. Then, combining with the inequality technique and comparison principle, some meaningful sufficient criteria are obtained to ensure the mean square stability of T‐S fuzzy stochastic dynamical networks. Compared to related results, the results obtained in the paper are low conservatism and easy to verify. Finally, two numerical simulations based on R ö$$ \ddot{o} $$ ssler's system and Lorenz system show the effectiveness of the obtained theoretical results.
A Dual-CP Multibeam Transmit-Array Antenna Based on Anisotropic Impedance Surfaces and Hybrid Phase Compensation

In this letter, a dual-circularly polarized (dual-CP) multibeam transmit-array (TA) antenna is proposed and demonstrated based on anisotropic impedance surfaces (AISs) and hybrid phase compensation strategy. A set of eight fully planarized TA cells based on cascaded AISs are designed with a constant dynamic phase difference between each other, possessing a periodicity of 0.48<italic>λ</italic><sub>0</sub> × 0.48<italic>λ</italic><sub>0</sub> and a total thickness of 0.71<italic>λ</italic><sub>0</sub>, where <italic>λ</italic><sub>0</sub> is the free-space wavelength at center frequency. By introducing Berry phase determined rotation angles on the eight designed cells, dual-CP transmissive phase delays can be achieved independently. Moreover, planar dual-CP antenna arrays are designed and utilized as the feed cluster of the multibeam TA. The bifocal dual-CP multibeam TA antenna generates eight RHCP beams and eight LHCP beams. The measured peak gain values are between 21.1 and 23.7 dBic, whereas the AR values are all below 3 dB for all the beams.
Building a Foundation for Health Informatics Content in Physical Therapy Education Through Concept Analysis and Concept Mapping

Introduction. Health informatics curricular content, while beneficial to the spectrum of education in physical therapy, is currently only required in physical therapist education programs, and even there, it is only crudely defined. The purpose of our study was to use the techniques of concept analysis and concept mapping to provide an outline of informatics content that can be the foundation for curriculum development and the construction of informatics competencies for physical therapy. Review of Literature. There is no established consensus on the definition of health informatics. Medical and nursing informatics literature that clarifies and agrees on the attributes of health informatics is insufficient for curriculum development. Concept analysis is an approach commonly used in nursing and other health professions to analyze and deconstruct a term, in this case, health informatics, in order to provide clarity on its meaning. Subjects. A total of 73 definitions of health informatics were extracted from articles that met search criteria. Methods. We used an 8-step methodology from the literature for concept analysis, which included 1) selecting a concept; 2) determining the aims of the analysis; 3) identifying uses of the concept; 4) determining the defining attributes of the concept; 5) identifying a model case; 6) identifying related and illegitimate cases; 7) identifying antecedents and consequences; and 8) defining empirical referents. In addition, concept mapping was used to develop a visual representation of the thematic attributes and the elements that make them up. Results. We provide a visual map of the concept we now term “informatics in human health and health care” and clarify its attributes of data, disciplinary lens, multidisciplinary science, technology, and application. We also provide clarification through the presentation of a model case and a contrary case. Discussion and Conclusion. Concept analysis and mapping of informatics in human health and health care provided clarity on content that should be addressed across the continuum of physical therapy education. The next steps from this work will be to develop competencies for all levels of physical therapy education.
A Survey of Transoral Robotic Mechanisms: Distal Dexterity, Variable Stiffness, and Triangulation

Robot-assisted technologies are being investigated to overcome the limitations of the current solutions for transoral surgeries, which suffer from constrained insertion ports, lengthy and indirect passageways, and narrow anatomical structures. This paper reviews distal dexterity mechanisms, variable stiffness mechanisms, and triangulation mechanisms, which are closely related to the specific technical challenges of transoral robotic surgery (TORS). According to the structure features in moving and orienting end effectors, the distal dexterity designs can be classified into 4 categories: serial mechanism, continuum mechanism, parallel mechanism, and hybrid mechanism. To ensure adequate adaptability, conformability, and safety, surgical robots must have high flexibility, which can be achieved by varying the stiffness. Variable stiffness (VS) mechanisms based on their working principles in TORS include phase-transition-based VS mechanism, jamming-based VS mechanism, and structure-based VS mechanism. Triangulations aim to obtain enough workspace and create adequate traction and counter traction for various operations, including visualization, retraction, dissection, and suturing, with independently controllable manipulators. The merits and demerits of these designs are discussed to provide a reference for developing new surgical robotic systems (SRSs) capable of overcoming the limitations of existing systems and addressing challenges imposed by TORS procedures.
Framework and Numerical Algorithm for a Phase Field Fracture Model

A phase ﬁeld fracture model for quasi-brittle material in 2D is implemented in Abaqus software. The phase ﬁeld damage variables 0 and 1 deﬁne undamaged and damaged regions of the material and simplify crack surface tracking. On the other hand, one has to use a ﬁne spatial discretization for the smooth distribution of the phase ﬁeld variable regularized by a small length scale parameter, which makes the method computationally expensive. At the fully damaged regions both the stiffness and stress reach zero. The displacements and damage are determined by a staggered approach, and a few standard benchmark fracture problems are used to demonstrate the work of the phase ﬁeld fracture model under consideration.
Pole-assignment for uncertain systems with structured perturbations

The problem of robust pole assignment for systems with structured perturbations is considered. Upper bounds on the perturbations of a linear, time-invariant, uncertain system are derived, ensuring that all the eigenvalues of the uncertain systems are placed in a prescribed region. A nonlinear optimization scheme is proposed for designing robust controllers. To avoid the complexity of calculating the gradient of the cost function, Powell's method is utilized. >
Treatment Retention and Safety of Ixekizumab in Psoriatic Arthritis: A Real Life Single-Center Experience

Background and objectives: Information on the performance of ixekizumab (IXE) in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in clinical practice is scarce. We aimed to analyze the retention rate and safety of IXE in patients with PsA in routine clinical practice. Methods: A retrospective longitudinal observational single-center study of all patients with PsA who had received at least one dose of IXE. Adverse events (AEs) and drug retention rate were the main study focus. Survival was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier curves and predictive factors using multivariate Cox regression analysis. The hazard ratio (HR) was used as a measure of the association. Results: Seventy-two patients were included (52 women and 20 men). Median disease duration was 5 years (IQR 3–9). More than 90% received ≥2 biologic and/or targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) prior to IXE. Ixekizumab showed a 1-year retention rate of 65% and a 2-year retention rate of 57%. Regarding discontinuation due to AEs, 0.18 AEs per person-year were identified. The number of previous biologics did not influence drug survival but prior use of methotrexate (HR 2.31 (95% CI 1.05–5.10), p < 0.05) and depression (HR 2.40 (95% CI 1.07–5.41), p < 0.05) increased the risk of IXE discontinuation. Conclusions: Ixekizumab showed a good retention rate in a PsA population mostly refractory to biologic and targeted synthetic DMARDs. Drug survival was consistently good regardless of age, gender, metabolic comorbidities, smoking status, or prior number of biologic therapies. This information may be of interest to better position this drug in the PsA treatment algorithms.
3D-FEM analysis of SPP excitation through nanoholes in asymmetric metal-insulator-metal structure at tip of circular truncated conical fiber

3D-electromagnetic (EM) analysis of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) excited by a single-mode (SM) propagation of visible lightwave in an optical fiber has been studied with a 3D-FEM package based on a finite element method. End of the fiber is formed to be a circular cone by wet etching process, and is FIBed to make a circular truncated conical shape with a flat circular surface a few micrometers in diameter. The flat end is covered with three layers of asymmetric metalinsulator- metal structure, thin metallic layer (M1), thick insulator layer (I), and thick metallic layer (M2), respectively. The outermost M2 layer has FIBed nanoholes to convert light waves at the extremity of the fiber into SPPs efficiently, and a bright tiny point light source will be generated on the surface of the M2 layer. In this study, the 3D-FEM models consists of both the MIM structure and the shrinking optical fiber tip coated with a metallic thin film has been designed and analyzed numerically. By applying perfect electric conductor and perfect magnetic conductor to planes containing the axis of rotation, the FEM model has a quarter of the circular truncated conical shape. The FEM analysis is formed in two steps. At the first step, a FEM mode analysis is performed to obtain a solution corresponding to the SM propagation in the fiber. The second level of action is the FEM analysis of EM field in the whole of model to find a stationary solution with the solution of mode analysis. Characteristic of wavelength-dependent excitation, propagation, and focusing of the SPPs will be presented with several experimental results of trial products of the fiber tip.
Transfer Effects of a Multiple-Joint Isokinetic Eccentric Resistance Training Intervention to Nontraining-Specific Traditional Muscle Strength Measures

Relatively few investigations have examined the transfer effects of multiple-joint isokinetic eccentric only (MJIE) resistance training on non-specific measures of muscle strength. This study investigated the transfer effects of a short-term MJIE leg press (Eccentron) resistance training program on several non-specific measures of lower-body strength. Fifteen participants performed Eccentron training three times/week for four weeks and were evaluated on training-specific Eccentron peak force (EccPF), nontraining-specific leg press DCER one-repetition maximum (LP 1 RM), and peak torques of the knee extensors during isokinetic eccentric (Ecc30), isokinetic concentric (Con150) and isometric (IsomPT) tasks before and after the training period. The training elicited a large improvement in EccPF (37.9%; Cohen’s d effect size [ES] = 0.86). A moderate transfer effect was observed on LP 1 RM gains (19.0%; ES = 0.48) with the magnitude of the strength improvement being about one-half that of EccPF. A small effect was observed on IsomPT and Ecc30 (ES = 0.29 and 0.20, respectively), however, pre-post changes of these measures were not significant. Con150 testing showed no effect (ES = 0.04). These results suggest a short term MJIE training program elicits a large strength improvement in training-specific measures, a moderate strength gain transfer effect to DCER concentric-based strength of a similar movement (i.e., LP 1 RM), and poor transfer to single-joint knee extension measures.
Excitation of kink oscillations of coronal loops: statistical study

Context. Solar flares are often accompanied by kink (transverse) oscillations of coronal loops. Despite intensive study of these oscillations in recent years, the mechanisms that excite them are still not known. Aims. We aim to clarify the excitation mechanisms for these kink oscillations of coronal loops. Methods. Weanalysed 58 kink-oscillation events observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) during its first four years (2010‐2014) with the use of the JHelioviewer. Association of these oscillation events with flares, lower coronal (r 1.4R� ) eruptions and plasma ejections, coronal mass ejections (CMEs), and coronal Type-II radio bursts is studied. Results. We find that 44 of these 58 oscillation events (76%) were associated with CMEs observed in the white light emission. Moreover, 57 events (98%) were accompanied by lower coronal eruptions/ejections (LCEs) observed in the extreme-ultraviolet band in the parental active regions. In the remaining event an LCE was not clearly seen, but it was definitely associated with a CME too. The main observational finding is that the kink oscillations were excited by the deviation of loops from their equilibria by a nearby LCE in 55 events (95%). In three remaining events, it was difficult to reliably determine the cause of the oscillations because of limitations in the observational data. We also found that 53 events (91%) were associated with flares. In five remaining events, the parental active regions were behind the limb and we could not directly see flare sites. It indicates that there is a close relationship between these two kinds of solar activity. However, the estimated speeds of a hypothetical driver of kink oscillations by flares were found to be lower than 500 kms −1 in 80% of the cases. Such low speeds do not favour the association of the oscillation excitation with a shock wave, as usually assumed. That only 23 (40%) of the oscillation events were found to be associated with coronal Type-II radio bursts also goes against the shock wave mechanism for the excitation of kink oscillations. Conclusions. The statistical analysis shows that the most probable mechanism for exciting the kink oscillations of coronal loops is the deviation of loops from their equilibrium by nearby eruptions or plasma ejections rather than a blast shock wave ignited by a flare.
Marginal Regression Models for Multivariate Failure Time Data

Abstract In this article we propose a general Cox-type regression model to formulate the marginal distributions of multivariate failure time data. This model has a nested structure in that it allows different baseline hazard functions among distinct failure types and imposes a common baseline hazard function on the failure times of the same type. We prove that the maximum “quasi-partial-likelihood” estimator for the vector of regression parameters under the independence working assumption is consistent and asymptotically normal with a covariance matrix for which a consistent estimator is provided. Furthermore, we establish the uniform consistency and joint weak convergence of the Aalen-Breslow type estimators for the cumulative baseline hazard functions, and develop a resampling technique to approximate the joint distribution of these processes, which enables one to make simultaneous inference about the survival functions over the time axis and across failure types. Finally, we assess the small-sample pro.