Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Sensitivity Study of Liric Algorithm to User-defined Input Parameters, Using Selected Cases from Thessaloniki’s Measurements

A targeted sensitivity study of the LIRIC algorithm was considered necessary to estimate the uncertainty introduced to the volume concentration profiles, due to the arbitrary selection of user-defined input parameters. For this purpose three different tests were performed using Thessaloniki’s Lidar data. Overall, tests in the selection of the regularization parameters, an upper and a lower limit test were performed. The different sensitivity tests were applied on two cases with different predominant aerosol types, a dust episode and a typical urban case.
Electrostatic-elastoplastic simulations of copper surface under high electric fields

Maximizing the performance of modern linear accelerators working with high gradient electromagnetic fields depends to a large extent on ability to control breakdown rates near metal surfaces in the accelerating structures. Nanoscale voids, presumably forming in the surface layers of metals during the technological processing, can be responsible for the onset of the growth of a surface protrusion. We use finite element simulations to study the evolution of annealed copper, single crystal copper and stainless steel surfaces that contain a void under high electric fields. We use a fully coupled electrostatic-elastoplastic model in the steady state. Gradually increasing the value of an external electric field, we analyze the relationship of surface failure and depth of the void for the chosen materials with different elastoplastic properties. According to our results, the stainless steel and single crystal copper surfaces demonstrate the formation of well-defined protrusions, when the external electric field reaches a certain critical value. Among the three materials, annealed copper surface starts yielding at the lowest electric fields due to the lowest Young’s modulus and yield stress. However, it produces the smallest protrusions due to a significant strain hardening characteristic for this material.
Teachers Are Not Lemons: An Examination of Spillover Effects When Teachers Transfer Away From Turnaround Schools

Under the Every Student Succeeds Act, whole-school reforms will continue to be a prominent strategy for improving student outcomes in low-performing schools. As reform models have proliferated, so has research evaluating the impact in reform schools. However, previous evaluations have rarely examined unintended spillover effects in nonreform schools. With data from Tennessee, this study uses difference-in-differences models to estimate spillover effects from teachers who transfer when their school begins implementing turnaround reforms. Results show that teachers who transfer tend to be less effective than teachers who stay, and they tend to move into nearby schools that are themselves low-performing. However, after transferring, these teachers produce modest positive spillover effects on student test scores in nonreform schools, which is likely explained by improvements in their effectiveness. Moreover, I find that working with more effective peers is a likely mechanism to explain improved teacher effectiveness after they transfer. Overall, this study draws attention to the need for future educational policy evaluations that quantify both intended and unintended spillover effects.
Effects of Obesity and Calorie Restriction on Cancer Development

The risk of malignant tumor development is increasing in the world. Obesity is an established risk factor for various malignancies. There are many metabolic alterations associated with obesity which promote cancerogenesis. Excessive body weight leads to increased levels of estrogens, chronic inflammation and hypoxia, which can play an important role in the development of malignancies. It is proved that calorie restriction can improve the state of patients with various diseases. Decreased calorie uptake influences lipid, carbohydrate and protein metabolism, hormone levels and cell processes. Many investigations have been devoted to the effects of calorie restriction on cancer development in vitro and in vivo. It was revealed that fasting can regulate the activity of the signal cascades including AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), p53, mTOR, insulin/ insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and JAK-STAT. Up- or down-regulation of the pathways results in the decrease of cancer cell proliferation, migration and survival and the increase of apoptosis and effects of chemotherapy. The aim of this review is to discuss the connection between obesity and cancer development and the mechanisms of calorie restriction influence on cancerogenesis that stress the importance of further research of calorie restriction effects for the inclusion of this approach in clinical practice.
Verifying the functional ability of microstructured surfaces by model-based testing

Micro- and nanotechnology enables the use of new product features such as improved light absorption, self-cleaning or protection, which are based, on the one hand, on the size of functional nanostructures and the other hand, on material-specific properties. With the need to reliably measure progressively smaller geometric features, coordinate and surface-measuring instruments have been refined and now allow high-resolution topography and structure measurements down to the sub-nanometre range. Nevertheless, in many cases it is not possible to make a clear statement about the functional ability of the workpiece or its topography because conventional concepts of dimensioning and tolerancing are solely geometry oriented and standardized surface parameters are not sufficient to consider interaction with non-geometric parameters, which are dominant for functions such as sliding, wetting, sealing and optical reflection. To verify the functional ability of microstructured surfaces, a method was developed based on a parameterized mathematical-physical model of the function. From this model, function-related properties can be identified and geometric parameters can be derived, which may be different for the manufacturing and verification processes. With this method it is possible to optimize the definition of the shape of the workpiece regarding the intended function by applying theoretical and experimental knowledge, as well as modelling and simulation. Advantages of this approach will be discussed and demonstrated by the example of a microstructured inking roll.
Voting Principle for Combination of Multiple Classifiers

Voting principle is usually utilized to combine the results of several individual classifiers.The recognition ability of each classifier to each class is not the same.A prior knowledge of each classifier was obtained by the statistic with a large number of samples,which acts as basis of the voting principle. Dif- ferent thresholds gained by training were employed for differentclasses,which can yield betterresults. Its application to numeral recognition shows thatthe presented voting principle makes the combination of mul- tiple classifiers achieve good performance for high recognition rate and high reliability.
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Leishmania infantum in Morocco as Revealed by Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) Approach

Leishmania infantum is endemic in Morocco, and it causes both visceral (VL) and cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). In this study, the multilocus sequence typing (MLST) approach was used to investigate the phylogeny and population structure of Leishmania infantum strains isolated from CL and VL patients and the canine reservoir in different leishmaniasis endemic foci in Morocco. For this purpose, eight loci (pgm, alat, me, fh, g6pd, pgd, gpi and cytb) were amplified in 40 samples, out of which 31 were successfully sequenced. The genetic diversity analysis detected a high degree of intraspecific genetic variability among the studied strains. The phylogenetic and the haplotype analyses showed that most of the strains from the same geographical areas clustered together. The recombination among Leishmania infantum strains was revealed through a splits tree analysis and the number of recombination events. Moreover, the assessment of the gene flow between Leishmania infantum and Leishmania tropica through phylogenetic analysis and haplotype diversity in two endemic foci where the two species were sympatric showed no genetic exchange between the two species.
Infrared fire image recognition algorithm based on ResNet50 and transfer learning

Aiming at the problems of complex feature extraction process and low recognition accuracy of traditional methods in infrared fire image recognition, an infrared fire image recognition algorithm based on ResNet50 and transfer learning was proposed in this paper. Firstly, the infrared fire image was normalized, and the sample was expanded by data enhancement operation. Then, all parameters of ResNet50 convolution layer and pooling layer were frozen by transfer learning method. The top layer network was designed as convolution layer, discard layer, batch standardization layer and full connection layer, and the infrared fire image recognition model was constructed. Several groups of comparative experiments were carried out with CNN, VGG16, ResNet101 and ResNet152. The experimental results show that the algorithm was proposed in this paper had a recognition accuracy of 99.63% on the infrared fire image test set, which was much higher than other algorithms. The recognition rate on the visible light fire data set was almost close to 99.82%. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in infrared fire image recognition had been verified.
PHYSICIANS' COMPETENCE IN TERMINATING CPR IN CARDIAC ARREST CASES AND FACTORS INFLUENCING THIS TERMINATION

The study aimed to evaluate the competence and knowledge of the cardiac arrest team regarding CPR termination and the factors that influence this termination. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Cardiology, Shifa International Hospital April 2022-April 2023). A total of 300 cardiac arrest team members (physicians and nurses) designated to perform advanced cardiac life support were included in the study. Questionnaires were distributed among the participants inquiring about their competence and knowledge about terminating CPR. Of 100 physicians, 40 (40%) were not competent enough to decide on CPR termination. 10% of physicians and 5% of nurses agreed to be aware of the ERC termination guidelines, and only one physician and one nurse could state the contents. The majority of the participants reported terminating resuscitation if the patient was older than 90 years, absent direct pupillary reflex, true asystole, and witnessed cardiac arrest without bystander resuscitation in 10 minutes. Based on the results, the physicians and nurses in Pakistan are not competent in decision-making regarding CPR termination in cardiac arrest patients and are unaware of the factors and guidelines while making such decisions.
Application of Multi-label Classification Method to Catagorization of Multiple Power Quality Disturbances

A new method of identifying the catagory of multiple power quality disturbances based on multi-label classification was presented.A multi-label ranking learning method named k-nearest neighbor Bayesian rule(KNN-Bayesian) was designed based on k-nearest neighbor and Bayesian methods.Firstly,several common power quality disturbances and their compound ones were decomposed by discrete wavelet transform,and the norm energy entropy of the wavelet coefficients of each level were extracted as eigenvectors.And then,the disturbances were classified using KNN-Bayesian.The simulation results show that KNN-Bayesian can recognize the multiple power quality disturbances including voltage sag,voltage swell,interruption,impulsive transient,harmonics,flicker and their compound ones effectively under different disturbance conditions.
Evaluation of test-day milk somatic cell count to predict intramammary infection in late lactation grazing dairy cows.

Use of selective dry cow antimicrobial therapy requires to precisely differentiate cows with an intramammary infection (IMI) from uninfected cows close to drying-off to enable treatment allocation. Milk somatic cell count (SCC) is an indicator of an inflammatory response in the mammary gland and is usually associated with IMI. However, SCC can also be influenced by cow-level variables such as milk yield, lactation number and stage of lactation. In recent years, predictive algorithms have been developed to differentiate cows with IMI from cows without IMI based on SCC data. The objective of this observational study was to explore the association between SCC and subclinical IMI, taking cognizance of cow-level predictors on Irish seasonal spring calving, pasture-based systems. Additionally, the optimal test-day SCC cut-point (maximized sensitivity and specificity) for IMI diagnosis was determined. A total of 2,074 cows, across 21 spring calving dairy herds with an average monthly milk weighted bulk tank SCC of ≤200,000 cells/mL were enrolled in the study. Quarter-level milk sampling was carried out on all cows in late lactation (interquartile range = 240-261 d in milk) for bacteriological culturing. Bacteriological results were used to define cows with IMI, when ≥1 quarter sample resulted in bacterial growth. Cow-level test-day SCC records were provided by the herd owners. The ability of the average, maximum and last test-day SCC to predict infection were compared using receiver operator curves. Predictive logistic regression models tested included parity (primiparous or multiparous), yield at last test-day and a standardized count of high SCC test-days. In total, 18.7% of cows were classified as having an IMI, with first parity cows having a higher proportion of IMI (29.3%) compared with multiparous cows (16.1%). Staphylococcus aureus accounted for the majority of these infections. The last test-day SCC was the best predictor of infection with the highest area under the curve. The inclusions of parity, yield at last test-day, and a standardized count of high SCC test-days as predictors did not significantly improve the ability of last test-day SCC to predict IMI. The cut-point for last test-day SCC which maximized sensitivity and specificity was 64,975 cells/mL. This study indicates that in Irish seasonal pasture-based dairy herds,with low bulk tank SCC control programs, the last test-day SCC (interquartile range days in milk = 221-240) is the best predictor of IMI in late lactation.
ŪMINIŲ KORONARINIŲ SINDROMŲ, NESANT ST SEGMENTO PAKILIMO, DIAGNOSTIKA IR GYDYMAS

Tyrimo tikslas – išanalizuoti mokslinius šaltinius apie ūminių koronarinių sindromų (ŪKS), nesant ST segmento pakilimo, diagnostikos ir gydymo ypatumus. Metodika. Atlikta 10 mokslinių publikacijų, skirtų nagrinėti ūminio koronarinio sindromo, nesant ST segmento pakilimo, diagnostikos ir gydymo apžvalga. Straipsniai atrinkti naudojantis PubMed duomenų baze. Į apžvalgą įtrauktos ne senesnės negu dešimties metų publikacijos anglų kalba. Rezultatai. EKG tyrimo metu, esant ŪKS, kai ST segmentas nepakilęs, EKG gali būti normali arba joje stebimi ST segmento ar T dantelio pakitimai. Normali EKG neatmeta ŪKS diagnozės ir gali būti neinformatyvi, todėl į ŪKS diagnostiką turi būti įtraukiami ir miokardo išemijos žymenys. MI diagnostikai rekomenduojama taikyti didelio jautrumo širdies troponino tyrimą, nes jis yra labai jautrus ir tarp dviejų tyrimų reikalingas nedidelis laiko intervalas (1-2 val.). Antitrombozinis gydymas turi būti skiriamas visiems pacientams, kuriems nustatytas ŪKS, nesant ST segmento pakilimo. Dviguba antitrombocitinė terapija skiriama parenkant vaistų derinį individualiai. Po atliktos PVAI, rekomenduojama dviguba antitrombocitinė terapija, kurią sudaro aspirinas ir stiprus P2Y12 receptorių inhibitorius (tikagreloras ar prasugrelis). Pirminės intervencijos taktika (ankstyva VAA ir PVAI) sumažina mirštamumą nuo širdies ir kraujagyslių ligų ir turėtų būti taikoma rutiniškai didelės ir labai didelės rizikos pacientams. Išvados. ŪKS, kai ST segmentas nepakilęs, atvejais, pacientų EKG gali būti stebimi ST segmento ar T dantelio pakitimai, tačiau normali EKG neatmeta ŪKS diagnozės. MI diagnostikai rekomenduojama taikyti didelio jautrumo širdies troponino tyrimą, nes jis yra labai jautrus ir tarp dviejų tyrimų reikalingas nedidelis laiko intervalas (1-2 val.). Antitrombozinis gydymas turi būti skiriamas visiems pacientams, kuriems nustatytas ŪKS, nesant ST segmento pakilimo. Dviguba antitrombocitinė terapija skiriama parenkant vaistų derinį individualiai. Rutiniškai atliekamos pirminės intervencijos mažina mirštamumą nuo širdies ir kraujagyslių ligų ir turėtų būti taikomos didelės ir labai didelės rizikos pacientams.
The Effect of Cue-specific Lexical Competitors on Hyperarticulation of VOT and F0 Contrasts in Korean Stops

As is known, the fundamental frequencies (F0) of the vowels following aspirated or lenis stops have become associated with the aspirated~lenis stop contrast while Voice Onset Time (VOT) values of them became merged in Seoul Korean. Previous studies found the effects of age, gender, lexical frequency, and vowel height. However, although lexical competition has been demonstrated to affect the trajectory of sound change regarding contrastivity, it has not been considered in this context. The present study examines the effects of lexical competition on this sound change. Through a production experiment, analyses demonstrate that the aspirated~lenis contrast is hyperarticulated in minimal pairs for both VOT and F0, but only in aspirated stops with following high vowels. Moreover, speakers advanced in the sound change produce lower F0 values for lenis stops with following non-high vowels if an aspirated competitor exists. We find that the F0 distinction in lenis stops is more hyperarticulated in speakers advanced in the sound change, but that speakers appear to hyperarticulate VOT regardless of how much of a VOT contrast they normally produce themselves. This may be related to the fact that VOT is still a robust cue to the aspirated~lenis distinction in much of the speech community.
Study Effects of Gradation and Material Thermal Property of Chip Seal Aggregates in Roller Concrete Pavement Crack Healing by Image Processing and RMS

One of the most roller cement concrete pavement failures of pavement is the formation of first cracks. The roughness of its completed surface after the installation has restricted the usage of this pavement. Therefore, engineers increase the quality of service of this pavement by placing a layer of asphalt coating; The primary goal of this study is to evaluate the impact of particle size and type of chip seal aggregates on filling cracks in rolled concrete pavement. Accordingly, rolled concrete samples with chip seal covering were prepared with various aggregates (limestone, steel slag, and copper slag). Then, the influence of temperature on its self-healing ability was tested by putting the samples in the microwave device for cracking improvements. With the aid of Design Expert Software and image processing, the Response Surface Method reviewed the data analysis. Even though due to the study’s limitations, a constant mixing design was applied, the results of this study indicate that the amount of crack filling and repair in specimens slag is higher than that of aggregate materials. With the increase of steel and copper slag, 50% of repair and crack repair at 30 °C, the temperature is 27.13% and 28.79%, respectively, and at 60 °C, the temperature is 58.7% and 59.4%, respectively.
Quality Control of Weather Data during Extreme Events

Abstract Quality assurance (QA) procedures have been automated to reduce the time and labor necessary to discover outliers in weather data. Measurements from neighboring stations are used in this study in a spatial regression test to provide preliminary estimates of the measured data points. The new method does not assign the largest weight to the nearest estimate but, instead, assigns the weights according to the standard error of estimate. In this paper, the spatial test was employed to study patterns in flagged data in the following extreme events: the 1993 Midwest floods, the 2002 drought, Hurricane Andrew (1992), and a series of cold fronts during October 1990. The location of flagged records and the influence zones for such events relative to QA were compared. The behavior of the spatial test in these events provides important information on the probability of making a type I error in the assignment of the quality control flag. Simple pattern recognition tools that identify zones wherein frequent fl.
The Invasion of Alien Populations of Solanum elaeagnifolium in Two Mediterranean Habitats Modifies the Soil Communities in Different Ways

We aimed to explore how the invasion of the alien plant Solanum elaeagnifolium affects soil microbial and nematode communities in Mediterranean pines (Pinus brutia) and maquis (Quercus coccifera). In each habitat, we studied soil communities from the undisturbed core of both formations and from their disturbed peripheral areas that were either invaded or not by S. elaeagnifolium. Most studied variables were affected by habitat type, while the effect of S. elaeagnifolium was different in each habitat. Compared to maquis, the soil in pines had higher silt content and lower sand content and higher water content and organic content, supporting a much larger microbial biomass (PLFA) and an abundance of microbivorous nematodes. The invasion of S. elaeagnifolium in pines had a negative effect on organic content and microbial biomass, which was reflected in most bacterivorous and fungivorous nematode genera. Herbivores were not affected. In contrast, in maquis, organic content and microbial biomass responded positively to invasion, raising the few genera of enrichment opportunists and the Enrichment Index. Most microbivores were not affected, while herbivores, mostly Paratylenchus, increased. The plants colonizing the peripheral areas in maquis probably offered a qualitative food source to microbes and root herbivores, which in pines was not sufficient to affect the much larger microbial biomass.
Ellipsoid-Pricing-Based Context-Feature Mechanisms for Noisy Sensing Tasks

Recently, online pricing receives extensive attentions for addressing more realistic mobile crowdsensing (MCS) applications. However, existing these works mainly focus on finding an optimal price by repeated price experiments of user’s acceptance decision, which incurs a desirable regret. In practice, there are also many other factors that will affect these regrets, such contextual features as discrete features and continuous features. In this article, we investigate the impact of users’ context features and corresponding weights on selecting an optimal price. To apply for multidimensional contextual features and learned corresponding weights, three ellipsoid pricing-based mechanisms are proposed for homogenous and heterogeneous noisy sensing tasks, respectively. What is more, performance analysis are given for satisfying basic properties of crowdsensing. Finally, extensive simulations show that our mechanisms outweigh than existing mechanisms.