Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of fat, fatty acid profile, and salt content of Iranian restaurant foods during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the fat, fatty acid profile, and salt content of restaurant foods (RFs) and find out strategies to lower them using the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT). Five types of common foods (n = 70) were collected from restaurants in Tehran, Iran. The fat, fatty acid profile, and salt content of samples were analyzed by acid hydrolysis method, gas chromatography, and Charpentier Volhard methods, respectively. The quantitative data were analyzed by the SPSS using ANOVA and Spearman’s correlation test. Then, a SWOT analysis was done. The laboratory results indicated that the highest amount of total fat was in Samosa (16.92% ± 6.27%), whereas saturated fatty acids (SFA) and trans fatty acids (TFA) were significantly higher in Koobideh kebab with rice (44.42% ± 5.07% and 2.86% ± 0.64%, respectively) as compared to other samples. In addition, the highest amount of salt was in the Falafel sandwich (2.87% ± 0.98%). The salt content in the majority of analyzed foods was about two times more than the daily recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO). The SWOT analysis results showed the lack of standardization of recipes to measure accurate fat and salt content was the main weakness and food labeling in the menus was detected as an important opportunity. TFA and salt in RFs were alarmingly high and it is necessary to find strategies for reformulation of RFs to reduce their fat and salt content. Policymakers can use the SWOT analysis results of this study to offer directions for potential future strengthening actions of healthy foods in restaurants for public health.
Tailorable Capacitive Tactile Sensor Based on Stretchable and Dissolvable Porous Silver Nanowire/Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanocomposite Hydrogel for Wearable Human Motion Detection

Recently, advanced flexible tactile sensors have been widely studied for human motion detection, which is an essential part of human healthcare monitoring. New types of materials with novel composition and structures play a significant role in sensing performance improvement. Herein, a stretchable and dissolvable porous silver nanowire (Ag NW)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposite hydrogel is fabricated through a facile foaming and freezing‐thawing combined approach. The PVA gel is foamed with lots of tailorable micropores to achieve much enhanced stretchability and compressibility. Ag NWs are uniformly embedded inside PVA matrix to increase the permittivity upon introduction of numerous microcapacitors. Incorporated with carbon nanotube network electrodes, a capacitive tactile sensor is developed with high sensitivity (1.9 kPa−1), wide detection range (250 kPa), quick response time (25 ms), and remarkable stability over 10 000 loading/unloading cycles. Wearable sensing demonstration of detecting various human motions is performed. The hydrogel‐based sensor can be dissolved in hot water within minutes with recycling use of electrode material, which is environmentally friendly. A large‐area integrated sensor sheet can be made upon one fabrication process followed by cut into small sensor devices with desired shapes, indicating potential customized mass production. The proposed microporous nanocomposite hydrogel‐based sensor is promising in wearable sensing applications.
Video-Based Compression for Plenoptic Point Clouds

In this paper, we first extend the video-based point cloud compression (V-PCC) to support the plenoptic point cloud compression by generating multiple attribute videos. Then based on the observation that these videos from multiple views have very high correlations, we propose encoding them using multiview high efficiency video coding. We further propose a block-based padding method that unifies the unoccupied attribute pixels from different views to reduce their bit cost.
Bioinformatic Analysis of Diagnosis, Targeted Therapeutic Values and Potential Regulatory Network of FOXF1 in Ovarian Cancer

Background: FOXF1 acts a crucial part to tumor initiation and progression. In this study, we aimed to analyzed FOXF1 in ovarian cancer from different databases which showed diagnosis and targeted therapeutic values.Results: The expression of FOXF1 in ovarian cancer tissue was markedly lower than that in normal tissue. Among different tumor subgroups, FOXF1 expression was conspicuously lower in higher grade stage. Additionally, FOXF1 expression and genetic variations were significantly correlated with various immune infiltrating cells. Altogether, 2594 co-expressed genes evidently pertinent to FOXF1. These genes were correlated with cell adhesion, NADH dehydrogenase complex and cytokine binding in results of enrichment analysis. In addition, FOXF1 was associated with gene networks regulated by PRKG1, miR-151, and SRF respectively. CMap analysis screened several potential small molecules for ovarian cancer treatment.Conclusions: FOXF1 has been shown to be a vital biomarker for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer and the immune infiltrating levels. The small molecules screened here supply rationale for new drug development for ovarian cancer.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Pigment Epithelium-derived Factor, and Renal Function Determinants in Type 2 Diabetics in Kaduna, Northern Nigeria: A Case–Control Study

Context: the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) on renal function of diabetics is unclear. Objective: This study investigated the relationship between VEGF, PEDF and urea, creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in type 2 diabetics. Materials and Methods: 100 type 2 diabetics and 50 controls were recruited into this case-control study. Analytes were determined by standard methods. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05 and 95% Confidence interval. Results: VEGF, PEDF (p=0.0001), urea (p=0.024) and creatinine (p=0.026) were significantly higher in diabetics than controls but eGFR was comparable (p>0.05) in both groups. VEGF and PEDF were comparable (p>0.05) in the diabetics with eGFR<60 ml/min and >60 ml/min. Renal function parameters did not correlate with either VEGF or PEDF. Conclusion: plasma VEGF and PEDF are higher in diabetics but there seem to be no association between renal function determinants and either VEGF and PEDF.
Urban Terrorism in the Arab World: Introducing a Dataset of Jihadist Attack Plots in Jordan

ABSTRACT Few regions have been more plagued by terrorism than the Arab world. However, knowledge of the phenomenon’s nature is limited by a lack of attack plot data for most Arab countries. This article contributes to addressing this gap by presenting a dataset of jihadist incidents in Jordan from 1994 until the end of 2018. Based on recent progress in measuring terrorism, the dataset does not only include launched attacks but also foiled and failed attack plots to give a more accurate and comprehensive overview of the threat. It provides answers to fundamental descriptive questions such as how many plots there have been, which jihadist actors have been responsible, and what type of attacks they have attempted to carry out. This work matters because it reveals the main characteristics of the jihadist terrorist threat to the Kingdom. This enables future studies to provide more empirically based explanations of what causes jihadist terrorism in Jordan than previously possible.
Halfway to Hadwiger's Conjecture

In 1943, Hadwiger conjectured that every $K_t$-minor-free graph is $(t-1)$-colorable for every $t\ge 1$. In the 1980s, Kostochka and Thomason independently proved that every graph with no $K_t$ minor has average degree $O(t\sqrt{\log t})$ and hence is $O(t\sqrt{\log t})$-colorable. Very recently, Norin and Song proved that every graph with no $K_t$ minor is $O(t(\log t)^{0.354})$-colorable. Improving on the second part of their argument, we prove that every graph with no $K_t$ minor is $O(t(\log t)^{\beta})$-colorable for every $\beta > \frac{1}{4}$.
Impact of Social Media on Travel Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from New York City

During the outbreak of COVID-19, people’s reliance on social media for pandemic-related information exchange, daily communications, and online professional interactions increased because of self-isolation and lockdown implementation. Most of the published research addresses the performance of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and measures on the issues impacted by COVID-19, such as health, education, and public safety; however, not much is known about the interplay between social media use and travel behaviors. This study aims to determine the effect of social media on human mobility before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, and its impact on personal vehicle and public transit use in New York City (NYC). Apple mobility trends and Twitter data are used as two data sources. The results indicate that Twitter volume and mobility trend correlations are negative for both driving and transit categories in general, especially at the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak in NYC. A significant time lag (13 days) between the online communication rise and mobility drop can be observed, thereby providing evidence of social networks taking quicker reactions to the pandemic than the transportation system. In addition, social media and government policies had different impacts on vehicular traffic and public transit ridership during the pandemic with varied performance. This study provides insights on the complex influence of both anti-pandemic measures and user-generated content, namely social media, on people’s travel decisions during pandemics. The empirical evidence can help decision-makers formulate timely emergency responses, prepare targeted traffic intervention policies, and conduct risk management in similar outbreaks in the future.
THE IMPACT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF EGYPT (1980-2018)

Many developments had occurred in the global economy. Among these developments is the increase of capital flows across countries. Foreign direct investment (FDI) is considered to be one of the cross border capital flows that countries use in order to enhance their economic growth. This study focuses on how FDI impacts the economic growth of Egypt for a period from 1980 to 2018. The study applies Johansen co-integration, Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and Ganger causality in the methodology. Johansen co-integration results show that a long run relationship exists among the variables. In addition, VECM shows that FDI exerts a positive significant impact on the economic growth of Egypt. Finally, a bidirectional causality between FDI and the economic growth of Egypt is shown by Granger causality.
Development of new homogeneous photo-Fentoncatalytic systems using oxalic acid and ferric ions in very low concentrations

In this work, we proposed to combine oxalic acid and ferric ions in very low concentrations to create new, economic, and effective homogeneous photo-Fenton catalytic systems for the degradation of methylene blue. The effects of ferric concentration, H2C2O4 concentration, pH, and tert-butanol on the catalytic activity were also investigated. According to the experimental results, Fe3+ ions exhibited impressive catalytic performances in the presence of H2C2O4 at concentrations below type B (5.0 mg.l–1) from the Vietnam National Technical Regulation on Industrial Wastewater. Specifically, a ferric concentration of 3.0 mg.l–1, H2C2O4 concentration of 10–3 mol.l–1, and pH value of 3 were found to be the best conditions for MB degradation under UVA light. Furthermore, owing to a very low concentration of ferric ions, iron sludge formation can be avoided after wastewater treatment, which makes the photo-Fenton process suitable for practical applications.
Optimal transportation in a discrete setting.

We investigate the regularity properties of Kantorovich potentials for a Monge-Kantorovich problem with quadratic cost between non-absolutely continuous measures. For each measure, we introduce a discrete scale so that the measure behaves as an absolutely continuous measure up to that scale. Our main theorem then proves that the Kantorovich potential cannot exhibit any flat part at a scale larger than the corresponding discrete scales on the measures. This, in turn, implies a $C^1$ regularity result up to the discrete scale. The proof relies on novel explicit estimates directly based on the optimal transport problem, instead of the Monge-Ampere equation.
Analog Photonic Computing Engine as Approximate Partial Differential Equation Solver

The class of partial differential equations are ubiquitous to a plurality of fields including science, engineering, economics and medicine, and require time-iterative algorithms when solved with digital processors. In contrast, analog electronic compute engines have demonstrated to outperform digital systems for special-purpose processing due to their non-iterative operation nature. However, their electronic circuitry sets fundamental challenges in terms of run-time and programmability-speed. Integrated photonic circuits, however, enables both analog compute-hardware while exploiting time parallelism known from optics, while leveraging wafer-scale dense integration. Here, we introduce a photonic partial differential equation solver based on a Manhattan mesh-grid network featuring symmetrical power splitters and arbitrary Dirichlet boundary conditions. Our design numerically and experimentally solves a second-order elliptic partial differential equation with over 97% accuracy against solutions computed through commercially available solvers, achieving a steady state solution in 16 ps and providing a pathway towards real-time, chip-scale, reconfigurable application-specific photonic integrated circuits (ASPICs).
COL5A3 is a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Infiltrates in Pancreatic Cancer

Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor of digestive system with high fatality rate, and its prognosis is very poor. Type Ⅴ collagen α3 (COL5A3) is highly expressed in a variety of tumor tissues, but its prognostic value and immune infiltration in pancreatic cancer are still unclear. Therefore, we evaluated the prognostic role of COL5A3 in pancreatic cancer and its correlation with immune infiltration. The transcriptional expression profiles of COL5A3 in pancreatic cancer and normal tissues were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). In the GEO (Gene expression omnibus) dataset (GSE16515), we compared the expression of COL5A3 in normal and tumor tissues. The expression of COL5A3 protein was evaluated by the human protein atlas (THPA). The effect of COL5A3 on survival was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to distinguish pancreatic cancer from paracancerous normal tissues. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by the STRING. Use the "ClusterProfiler" package for functional enrichment analysis. Tumor immune estimation resource (TIMER) and tumor-immune system interaction database (TISIDB) were used to determine the relationship between COL5A3 mRNA expression and immune infiltration. Compared with normal tissues, COL5A3 is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues. The high expression of COL5A3 is related to the poor clinicopathological features and poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients with high expression of COL5A3 was worse than that of patients with low expression of COL5A3. ROC curve shows that COL5A3 has high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Correlation analysis showed that the expression of COL5A3 mRNA was related to immune cell infiltration. This study reveals for the first time that COL5A3 may be a new prognostic biomarker related to immune infiltration and provide a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Are the Different Eddy Metrics Quantifying the Winter North Pacific Storm Track Consistent With Each Other?

Historical simulations from twenty‐nine Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models are used to investigate the consistency among different eddy metrics characterizing the winter North Pacific storm track (WNPST). All CMIP6 models can reproduce the basic climatological characteristics of the WNPST. Results show that, out of the metrics studies, only the upper‐tropospheric filtered meridional wind variance ( v′v′ ) is significantly correlated with the model grid spacing. The climatological amplitudes of different eddy metrics are consistent with each other, except for the consistency between the upper‐tropospheric v′v′ and lower‐tropospheric meridional eddy heat flux and that between the middle‐tropospheric eddy kinetic energy and filtered sea level pressure variance ( slp′ ). The strength trends of different eddy metrics are consistent with each other except for upper‐tropospheric v′v′ and slp′ . The meridional migration trends are consistent among different eddy metrics excluding slp′ . Given that the sensitivity to horizontal resolution, climatological amplitude, strength trend and meridional migration trend of different Eulerian eddy metrics may exhibit inconsistency, the use of multiple eddy metrics to increase the reliability of the results is suggested.
Weld-Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Multiple Models Using Process Signals in Resistance Spot Welding

An efficient nondestructive testing method of resistance spot weld quality is essential in evaluating the weld quality of all welded joints in the automotive components of a car body production line. This study proposes a quality prediction algorithm for resistance spot welding that can predict the geometrical and physical properties of a spot-welded joint and evaluate weld quality based on quality acceptance criteria. To this end, four statistical models that predict the main geometrical and physical properties of a spot-welded joint, including tensile shear strength, indentation depth, expulsion occurrence, and failure mode, were estimated based on material information, dynamic resistance, and electrode displacement signals. The significance of the estimated models was then verified through an analysis of variance. The prediction accuracies of the models were 94.3%, 93.4%, 97.5%, and 85.0% for the tensile shear strength, indentation depth, expulsion occurrence, and failure modes, respectively. A weld quality evaluation methodology that can predict the properties of a spot-welded joint and evaluate the overall quality requirements based on authorized welding standards was proposed using the four statistical models.
Matrix Li-Yau-Hamilton Estimates for Nonlinear Heat Equations

In this paper we are concerned with the matrix Li-Yau-Hamilton estimates for nonlinear heat equations. Firstly, we derive such estimate on a K\"{a}hler manifold with a fixed K\"{a}hler metric. Then we consider the estimate on K\"{a}hler manifolds with K\"{a}hler metrics evolving under the rescaled K\"{a}hler-Ricci flow. Both of the estimates are generalized to constrained cases. Finally, we extend the estimtes to more general nonlinear heat equations on both Riemannian manifolds and K\"{a}hler manifolds.
Triangular color codes on trivalent graphs with flag qubits

The color code is a topological quantum error-correcting code supporting a variety of valuable fault-tolerant logical gates. Its two-dimensional version, the triangular color code, may soon be realized with currently available superconducting hardware despite constrained qubit connectivity. To guide this experimental effort, we study the storage threshold of the triangular color code against circuit-level depolarizing noise. First, we adapt the Restriction Decoder to the setting of the triangular color code and to phenomenological noise. Then, we propose a fault-tolerant implementation of the stabilizer measurement circuits, which incorporates flag qubits. We show how information from flag qubits can be used in an efficient and scalable way with the Restriction Decoder to maintain the effective distance of the code. We numerically estimate the threshold of the triangular color code to be 0.2%, which is competitive with the thresholds of other topological quantum codes. We also prove that 1-flag stabilizer measurement circuits are sufficient to preserve the full code distance, which may be used to find simpler syndrome extraction circuits of the color code.
In-situ oxygen-generation nanoplatform with dual amplification effect for combined chemo-photodynamic therapy

Background Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising method for cancer treatment because of its advantages such as easy operation, good targeting, minimal side effects, low systemic toxicity and less invasiveness. However, the hypoxic microenvironment within the tumor significantly inhibited the therapeutic effect of PDT. The development of targeted nanoplatform for regulating hypoxia microenvironment is an important method to give full play to the therapeutic effect of PDT. Methods In this study, we designed and prepared a novel chemo-photodynamic therapy nanoplatform, which can continuously catalyze the decomposition of H2O2 in tumors to generate oxygen (O2) to enhance the therapeutic effect of PDT, resulting in DNA damage, while releasing MTH1 inhibitors in tumor cells to inhibit the repair process of DNA damage caused by PDT. Results In our work, a simple one-step reduction approach was applied to enable platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) growth in situ in the nanochannels of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). After physical encapsulation of photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) and MTH1 inhibitor TH588, the drug loading nanoplatform was modified with an arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) functionalized liposome shell, resulting in the fabrication of multifunctional nanoplatform MSN-Pt@Ce6/TH588@Liposome-RGD (MPCT@Li-R) with dual amplification effect and achieve the purpose of chemo-photodynamic therapy. Conclusions Our study provides a new strategy for PDT to ablation tumor cells by damaging the DNA of tumor nucleus and mitochondria, meanwhile inhibiting the repair process after the damage.