Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting military expenditures in the Asia-pacific: Evidence from a panel-data, Quantile regression, and FMOLS

The current study investigates factors affecting military expenditures within the Asian-Pacific context. By doing so, a period ranging from 2005 to 2021 was selected with ten diverse countries from the region. Several statistical analyses consisting of an OLS, fixed & Random effect was performed. Whereas a quantile regression was also included to capture the omitted effects of the panel data. Likewise, an FMLOS was used to better evaluate the long-run effect and the relationships among the factors. According the findings, financial development (FND), Trade (TR) and Technological innovation have positive effect on defense expenditures, the following effect was backed by the FMOLS estimates which demonstrated a similar finding making the results more robust. On the other hand, economic growth (GDP) and bureaucratic effectiveness (BR) displayed a negative sign in the rise of military expenditures. At the same time, FDI inflow manifested a positive significant effect, but, only in the OLS model and through the upper percentiles. Overall, the research is the first to encompass several macroeconomic factors with other external variables to assess Asia-pacific security expenditures. And indeed, with the current global conflicts, it is hoped this research will provide a decent information about the ineffectiveness and effectiveness threshold of increasing defense expenditures.
Application of Precordial Lead ECG SafOne to Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: Evidence-based Practice

Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG) is one of the essential cardiac diagnostic tests to record the heart’s electrical activities. However, errors in precordial lead placement causes invalid ECG recordings. The invention of precordial lead ECG SafOne aims to reduce these errors. This study aimed to apply the precordial lead ECG SafOne to patients with cardiovascular diseases and compare it to the standard ECG in relation to the presence of artefacts and placement time duration. This study employed the experimental research design with a post-test-only equivalent control group approach with a sample size of 60 outpatients undergoing an ECG test. Data on artefacts and placement time duration from ECG SafOne and standard ECG were identified and measured. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon test to examine the difference in all the variables collected. The results showed no substantial difference related to the artefacts emerging from ECG SafOne and standard ECG with a p-value of 0.083 (> 0.005). In addition, placement time duration using ECG SafOne is faster than standard ECG (p=0.000). To conclude, ECG SafOne is more practical and efficient than standard ECG. This tool produces ECG recordings with no significant difference from standard ECG. Therefore, ECG SafOne is applicable for electrocardiography recording for patients with cardiovascular diseases. Keywords: cardiovascular diseases, electrocardiography, diagnostic test, SafOne, precordial lead
Electromagnetic scattering by prolate spheroids for plane waves with arbitrary polarization and angle of incidence

Using modal expansions of electromagnetic fields in terms of prolate spheroidal wave functions, an exact formulation is presented for the scattering by a conducting prolate spheroid of a plane electromagnetic wave of arbitrary polarization and incidence angle. In this formulation the column vector of the series coefficients of the scattered field is obtained from the column vector of the series coefficients of the incident field by means of a matrix transformation. The matrix depends only on the scatterer; hence the scattered field for a new direction of incidence is obtained without repeatedly solving a new set of simultaneous equations. The exact curves numerically obtained for the monostatic radar cross section and relative phase of the scattered field as a function of aspect angle (angle of incidence) for both principal polarizations are given for a variety of prolate spheroids in the resonance region.
MRI-DTI Imaging Reveals Specific Neuro-degeneration Signature in Precuneus Node of Awareness Processing in Brain under Alzheimer’s Disease

Introduction:Alzheimer's disease(AD) displays progressive neurodegenerative atrophy, causing neuronal lossaffecting cognitive skills and memory. As precuneus is associated with episodic memory and is the reflexive self-awareness hub node, we consider precuneus as region-of-interest(ROI) for analysing AD.Objective:The main objective is find AD-caused alteration in nerve fibres, using diffusion tensor imaging(DTI) parameters like Mean Diffusivity(MD), Fractional Anisotropy(FA), and Nerve-tract Parameters, as number, length, volume, density, and thus, analyse the effect on precuneus by AD [when compared to normal subjects(CN)]. Materials/Methods:Normals and Alzheimer’s subjects (n=50 each) were scanned with Siemens 3-tesla MRI-scanner. DTI parameters were estimated by DSI-FSL procedure, with statistical analysis usingt-test/ANOVA.Results:While ageing-process occurs in both AD and CN subjects, there is no change in “macro-structural” nerve fibre characteristics (e.g. Tract Indices: Number, density, volume, length). Contrastingly, there is significant alteration in “micro-structural” fibre characteristics, as increase in Mean Diffusivity(p=0.0006) and decrease in Fractional Anisotropy(p=0.0009) in Alzheimer's disease, when compared with normal subjects. Furthermore, comparing left-versus-right brain, Alzheimer’s patients (but not Normal subjects) show diminution in macro-structural nerve characteristics in left precuneus (compared to right precuneus): namely Tract’s number(p=0.0010), length(p=0.0107), volume(p=0.0225), density(p=0.0340). Conclusion:Under neurodegeneration, change in “micro-structural” nerve-fibre characteristics (Tract Indices), as opposed to “macro structural” fibre indices, can be hallmark for AD. Moreover, right precuneus is more protected in AD. Conversely, left precuneus has more neurodegeneration since its blood-flow is supplied by left common-carotid artery (unlike right common-carotid artery), this left artery arises directly from high-pressure aortic flow, transmitting turbulent hemodynamic stress to left precuneus.
Optimal p-Ary Codes from One-Weight and Two-Weight

This paper is devoted to determining the structures and properties of one-Lee weight codes and two-Lee weight projective codes C k 1 ,k 2 ,k 3 over (cid:0) p + v (cid:0) p with type p 2 k 1 p k 2 p k 3 . The authors introduce a distance-preserving Gray map from ( (cid:0) p + v (cid:0) p ) n to (cid:0) 2 np . By the Gray map, the authors construct a family of optimal one-Hamming weight p -ary linear codes from one-Lee weight codes over (cid:0) p + v (cid:0) p , which attain the Plotkin bound and the Griesmer bound. The authors also obtain a class of optimal p -ary linear codes from two-Lee weight projective codes over (cid:0) p + v (cid:0) p , which meet the Griesmer bound.
The anisotropic reflectivity technique: theory

Summary. The reflectivity technique for the calculation of synthetic seismograms from a point source in a horizontally stratified isotropic structure is extended to include weakly anisotropic layers. The formulation is in terms of displacement excitation factors rather than potential functions, which have not yet been specified for wave propagation in anisotropic media. Coupling between vertical, radial and transverse components of motion increases the number of plane-wave reflection and transmission coefficients which must be computed for any problem. These coefficients are calculated by extending Kennett’s iterative scheme for the computation of isotropic coefficients to
SMNet: Synchronous Multi-Scale Low Light Enhancement Network With Local and Global Concern

Limited by objectively poor lighting conditions and hardware devices, low-light images with low visual quality and low visibility are inevitable in the real world. Accurate local details and reasonable global information play their essential and distinct roles in low-light image enhancement: local details contribute to fine textures, while global information is critical for a proper understanding of the global brightness level. In this article, we focus on integrating local and global aspects to achieve high-quality low-light image enhancement by proposing the synchronous multi-scale low-light enhancement network (SMNet). A synchronous multi-scale representation learning structure and a global feature recalibration module are adopted in SMNet. Different from the traditional multi-scale feature learning architecture, SMNet carries out the multi-scale representation learning in a synchronous way: we first calculate the rough contextual representations in a top-down manner and then learn multi-scale representations in a bottom-up way to generate representations with rich local details. To acquire global brightness information, a global feature recalibration module (GFRM) is applied after the synchronous multi-scale representations to perceive and exploit proper global information by global pooling and projection to recalibrate channel weights globally. The synchronous multi-scale representation and GFRM compose the basic local-and-global block. Experimental results on mainstream real-world dataset LOL and synthetic dataset MIT-Adobe FiveK show that the proposed SMNet not only leads the way on objective metrics (0.41/2.31 improvement of PSNR on two datasets) but is also superior in subjective comparisons compared with typical SoTA methods.
Identification of a miRNA Panel with a Potential Determinant Role in Patients Suffering from Periodontitis

In recent years, the role of microRNA (miRNA) in post-transcriptional gene regulation has advanced and supports strong evidence related to their important role in the regulation of a wide range of fundamental biological processes. Our study focuses on identifying specific alterations of miRNA patterns in periodontitis compared with healthy subjects. In the present study, we mapped the major miRNAs altered in patients with periodontitis (n = 3) compared with healthy subjects (n = 5), using microarray technology followed by a validation step by qRT-PCR and Ingenuity Pathways Analysis. Compared to healthy subjects, 159 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified among periodontitis patients, of which 89 were downregulated, and 70 were upregulated, considering a fold change of ±1.5 as the cut-off value and p ≤ 0.05. Key angiogenic miRNAs (miR-191-3p, miR-221-3p, miR-224-5p, miR-1228-3p) were further validated on a separate cohort of patients with periodontitis versus healthy controls by qRT-PCR, confirming the microarray data. Our findings indicate a periodontitis-specific miRNA expression pattern representing an essential issue for testing new potential diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for periodontal disease. The identified miRNA profile in periodontal gingival tissue was linked to angiogenesis, with an important molecular mechanism that orchestrates cell fate.
Oscillator strengths for lines of the F/0, 0, 0/-X/0, 0, 0/ band of H2O at 111.5 nanometers and the abundance of H2O in diffuse interstellar clouds

Absolute oscillator strengths (f-values) for rorational lines of the F(0, 0, 0)--X(0, 0, 0) band of H/sub 2/O at 111.5 nm have been measured with an uncertainty of +- 40% using quantitative photographic techniques. The f-value for the 1/sub 11/--0/sub 00/ line, the one most likely to be seen in absorption in interstellar clouds, is (3.0 +- 1.2) x 10/sup -2/. This value is combined with a measured upper limit for absorption by this line in the zeta Oph cloud to show that the column density of H/sub 2/O in the O/sub 00/ level is less than 5.3 +- 10/sup 12/ cm/sup -2/. This upper limit is larger than the predictions of gas-phase, chemical models of this cloud. We show that definite detection of H/sub 2/O in diffuse clouds at the level of this upper limit would be in conflict with models of molecular formation in shock-heated gas. The data analysis produced additional results: the absolute scale of the oscillator strengths for lines of the C(0, 0, 0)--X(0, 0, 0) band of H/sub 2/O at 124 nm is reduced by 10%; the integrated absorption coefficients for F--X and C--X bands are compared to calculated and measured values and agree withinmore » the experimental uncertainties. « less
DRAM1 Promotes Lysosomal Delivery of Mycobacterium marinum in Macrophages

Damage-Regulated Autophagy Modulator 1 (DRAM1) is an infection-inducible membrane protein, whose function in the immune response is incompletely understood. Based on previous results in a zebrafish infection model, we have proposed that DRAM1 is a host resistance factor against intracellular mycobacterial infection. To gain insight into the cellular processes underlying DRAM1-mediated host defence, here we studied the interaction of DRAM1 with Mycobacterium marinum in murine RAW264.7 macrophages. We found that, shortly after phagocytosis, DRAM1 localised in a punctate pattern to mycobacteria, which gradually progressed to full DRAM1 envelopment of the bacteria. Within the same time frame, DRAM1-positive mycobacteria colocalised with the LC3 marker for autophagosomes and LysoTracker and LAMP1 markers for (endo)lysosomes. Knockdown analysis revealed that DRAM1 is required for the recruitment of LC3 and for the acidification of mycobacteria-containing vesicles. A reduction in the presence of LAMP1 further suggested reduced fusion of lysosomes with mycobacteria-containing vesicles. Finally, we show that DRAM1 knockdown impairs the ability of macrophages to defend against mycobacterial infection. Together, these results support that DRAM1 promotes the trafficking of mycobacteria through the degradative (auto)phagolysosomal pathway. Considering its prominent effect on host resistance to intracellular infection, DRAM1 is a promising target for therapeutic modulation of the microbicidal capacity of macrophages.
Fully distributed leader–follower consensus for multi-agent systems based on reduced-order adaptive feedback protocol

This paper addresses the leader–follower consensus problem of linear multi-agent systems by designing reduced-order adaptive output feedback protocol. Using relative output information among neighboring agents, node-based adaptive output feedback control protocol and edge-based adaptive output feedback control protocol are presented, respectively. For both cases, based on Lyapunov analysis and algebraic Riccati equation design, some sufficient conditions are given to achieve leader–follower consensus by applying the proposed adaptive output feedback protocols. Finally, some simulation examples are given to illustrate the validity of the theoretical results.
Relationship between Sports Practice, Physical and Mental Health and Anxiety–Depressive Symptomatology in the Spanish Prison Population

The objective of this study was to evaluate, in a group of Galician inmates, if there were variations in the levels of physical and mental health and anxiety–depressive symptomatology, depending on the sports’ practice performed. The relationship between these constructs was also investigated. The sample was composed of 509 people deprived of liberty in prisons in the Autonomous Community of Galicia, Spain. A quantitative methodology was used, with the questionnaire as an information collection instrument, Student’s t-tests, Pearson’s correlation analysis and a stepwise regression analysis were carried out. The results indicated that those who performed physical activity during their stay in prison had higher levels of physical and mental health, as well as lower indicators of anxiety–depressive symptoms. People who did not practice sports showed a decrease in their perceived health levels when compared to those perceived in their pre-prison stage. A negative association was shown between perceived health levels and anxiety–depressive symptomatology. Perceived physical health, alone, explained 35% of the variance in perceived mental health. These results add to knowledge about the relationships between perceived health, anxiety–depressive symptoms and sports practice in the group of people deprived of liberty, highlighting the importance of promoting physical activity in penitentiary institutions.
NECESSARY AND SUFFICIENT MOMENT CONDITIONS FOR THE GARCH(r,s) AND ASYMMETRIC POWER GARCH(r,s) MODELS

Although econometricians have been using Bollerslev's (1986, Journal of Econometrics 31, 307–327) GARCH(r, s) model for over a decade, the higher order moment structure of the model remains unresolved. The sufficient condition for the existence of the higher order moments of the GARCH(r, s) model was given by Ling (1999a, Journal of Applied Probability 36, 688–705). This paper shows that Ling's condition is also necessary. As an extension, the necessary and sufficient moment conditions are established for Ding, Granger, and Engle's (1993, Journal of Empirical Finance, 1, 83–106) asymmetric power GARCH(r, s) model.
Effects of HAR1 on cognitive function in mice and the regulatory network of HAR1 determined by RNA sequencing and applied bioinformatics analysis

Background: HAR1 is a 118-bp segment that lies in a pair of novel non-coding RNA genes. It shows a dramatic accelerated change with an estimated 18 substitutions in the human lineage since the human–chimpanzee ancestor, compared with the expected 0.27 substitutions based on the slow rate of change in this region in other amniotes. Mutations of HAR1 lead to a different HAR1 secondary structure in humans compared to that in chimpanzees. Methods: We cloned HAR1 into the EF-1α promoter vector to generate transgenic mice. Morris water maze tests and step-down passive avoidance tests were conducted to observe the changes in memory and cognitive abilities of mice. RNA-seq analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the experimental and control groups. Systematic bioinformatics analysis was used to confirm the pathways and functions that the DEGs were involved in. Results: Memory and cognitive abilities of the transgenic mice were significantly improved. The results of Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that Neuron differentiation, Dentate gyrus development, Nervous system development, Cerebral cortex neuron differentiation, Cerebral cortex development, Cerebral cortex development and Neurogenesis are all significant GO terms related to brain development. The DEGs enriched in these terms included Lhx2, Emx2, Foxg1, Nr2e1 and Emx1. All these genes play an important role in regulating the functioning of Cajal–Retzius cells (CRs). The DEGs were also enriched in glutamatergic synapses, synapses, memory, and the positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation. In addition, “cellular response to calcium ions” exhibited the second highest rich factor in the GO analysis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of the DEGs showed that the neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction pathway was the most significantly enriched pathway, and DEGs also notably enriched in neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction, axon guidance, and cholinergic synapses. Conclusion: HAR1 overexpression led to improvements in memory and cognitive abilities of the transgenic mice. The possible mechanism for this was that the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HAR1A affected brain development by regulating the function of CRs. Moreover, HAR1A may be involved in ligand–receptor interaction, axon guidance, and synapse formation, all of which are important in brain development and evolution. Furthermore, cellular response to calcium may play an important role in those processes.
Modulation of Dynamic Heating in the Winter Extratropics Associated with the Cross-Equatorial Hadley Circulation

Abstract The hypothesis that the cross-equatorial Hadley circulation can modulate the poleward heat transport in the winter extratropics is investigated using the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS-1) GCM for 10 northern winter initial conditions. Three-month forecasts are compared with parallel runs from the same initial conditions but with a slightly perturbed radiative forcing in the Tropics. Analysis of the zonal-mean climates shows that, on timescales longer than a month, a persistent intensification in the winter Hadley circulation is positively correlated with increased dynamic cooling in the winter midlatitudes and warming at the high latitudes through-out the troposphere, signaling an increased beat transport toward the winter pole. While the heating anomaly can undergo significant transient fluctuations in the winter extratropics, the variance of the time-averaged dynamic heating anomaly is dominated by contributions from low zonal wavenumbers (particularly wavenumbers 1 and 2), with minor con.
Formulation Analysis and Follow-Up Study of Differential MEMS Touch-Mode Sensor Utilizing Capacitive Vacuum Gauge Framework for Low-Pressure Measurements

Differential capacitance diaphragm gauges have become more popular in pressure measurements, as they yield superior sensitivity and lesser nonlinearity for pressure differential measurements. In addition, differential capacitance diaphragm gauges do not require a high vacuum reference cavity, which reduces their manufacturing complexity. An efficient analysis for modeling differential capacitance diaphragm gauges is, thus, increasingly becoming vital due to their innumerable use cases. The higher sensitivity of circular diaphragm for the same side length in comparison with square diaphragm makes it ideal for sensor design. In this work, a complete formulation for the analysis of differential capacitive vacuum gauge with the circular diaphragm in normal- and touch-mode operations has been presented for the low-pressure range of (1–1500 Pa). A comprehensive study of sensor parameters, such as capacitance, diaphragm deflection, capacitive, and mechanical sensitivity, has been formulated to aid the choice of sensor characteristics. Computationally complex methods have been used in the past for the analysis of circular diaphragms. MATLAB and COMSOL have been used to compute and simulate results.
Evaluation of intra-abdominal pressure as an early marker of diuretic response in patients with cardiorenal syndrome

Introduction: Renal dysfunction and heart failure (HF) are closely intermingled, even though their pathophysiology is not fully understood. Recently, abdominal congestion, through an increase of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), has been proposed as a novel and important factor in cardiorenal interactions. In this study, we postulated that IAP is linked to renal function and diuretic response in acute heart failure (AHF) patients. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to analyze whether IAP variations in AHF patients are associated with changes in renal function and diuretic response during the first 72 h of admission. Methods: The prospective, observational, and single-center cohort study in AHF patients admitted at the Internal Medicine department. Multiparametric congestion assessment, including X-rays, point of care ultrasoung, serum biomarkers and IAP, will be performed during the first 72 h. Conclusions: We aim to broaden the knowledge about IAP changes and its correlation with renal function and diuretic response in patients admitted with AHF.