Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impacts of sow behaviour on reproductive performance: current understanding

ABSTRACT From the perspective of animal welfare, sows housed in group housing systems are recommended, which is conducive to health problems and the release of natural behaviour, but can lead to other problems such as social pressure due to competition for limited resources. Sow natural behaviour can be used to improve physiological and mental health to ameliorate reproductive performance. However, the natural behaviour of sow is ignored in modern intensive housing groups. The challenges faced by social behaviour, maternal behaviour and dietary behaviour of sows in a group-housing system are discussed in this paper. Furthermore, many management strategies will affect sow behaviour, such as diet management and housing systems, providing adequate nutrition, and a reasonable environment for sows. These can be considered the basis for the successful farrowing of high-production sows. Therefore, sow performance can be improved by influencing sow behaviour through management strategies such as reasonable stocking density, a good feeding environment and suitable feed for the growth stage.
Online Books Recommendation System

Recommendation System (RS) is procedure that recommends comparative things to a purchaser dependent on his/her prior buys or enjoying. Recommendation framework examine a huge sum information of articles and arranges a record of those items which would accomplish the prerequisites of the buyer. Book Recommendation System is being utilized by Amazon, Barnes and Noble, Flipkart, Goodreads, and so on. Amazon is notable for realization and suggestions, which assist clients with finding things they may somehow or another not have found. Recommendation frameworks are impressively utilized for proposed new things to clients and assume a significant part in the disclosure of relevant new things of books. Books are basically appropriate to content based and sifting as they are presently commonly reachable in computerized designs which can permit diverse content mining ways to deal with uncover content associated data. This paper addresses a structure to encourage a substance based proposal framework for books. The book proposal framework should recommend books that are of buyer's advantage. This paper introduced book suggestion framework dependent on consolidated highlights of substance sifting, collective separating. In Online business today, substance given to clients to investigate are overpowering in light of the fact that a normal online business site is around (70%) in excess of an actual store in whole number of clients and things. The created framework is utilized To work with online buy a shopping basket is given to the client. The clients are suggested dependent on going before clients rating utilizing network factorization strategy. Recommendation frameworks are widely utilized for prescribe new things to clients and assume an dispensable part in the revelation of related new things, it can be books, motion pictures or music. A fruitful suggestion framework should gives heterogeneous outcomes and ought not be one-sided towards just the most famous things.
Lifting as we climb: Experiences and recommendations from women in neural engineering

Neural engineering is an emerging and multidisciplinary field in which engineering approaches are applied to neuroscience problems. Women are underrepresented in engineering fields, and indeed in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields generally. Underrepresentation of women is particularly notable at later academic career stages, suggesting that even though women are interested in the field, barriers exist that ultimately cause them to leave. Here, we investigate many of the obstacles to women’s success in the field of neural engineering and provide recommendations and materials to overcome them. We conducted a review of the literature from the past 15 years regarding the experiences of women in academic careers, as well as reports on the number of women in fields closely related to neural engineering from the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE). Additionally, we interviewed six women in neural engineering who are involved in initiatives and outreach concerning the inclusion and experiences of women in engineering. Throughout the literature and interviews, we identified common themes spanning the role of identity and confidence, professional relationships, career-related hurdles, and personal and professional expectations. We explore each of these themes in detail and provide resources to support the growth of women as they climb within the field of neural engineering.
Natural Trypanosoma cruzi Infection and Climatic Season Influence the Developmental Capacity in Field-Caught Mepraia spinolai Nymphs

Simple Summary Triatomines are hemimetabolous and hematophagous insect vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the parasite that causes Chagas disease. The life cycle of triatomines is composed of five nymphal stages and an adult stage. The wild kissing bug Mepraia spinolai is distributed in a vast area of the semiarid Mediterranean ecosystem of South America, characterized by strongly marked seasons. The population structure of this vector changes during the different seasons, suggesting its development is controlled under natural conditions. In this study, we performed a biological assay to study this vector development after two laboratory feedings. We collected nymphs, first to fourth instars, in eight M. spinolai populations during the transition of late fall to winter (cooling period) and spring (warming period) of three consecutive years. The gathered information with vectors molting twice suggests that development is differentially controlled in nymphs from first and fourth instars depending on the climatic period of collection. Additionally, T. cruzi infection changes development forward only in nymphs of second and fourth instars of the warming period. Our findings suggest that the effect of the climatic period and T. cruzi infection on the development of this vector species is a stage-dependent phenomenon. Abstract In this study, we evaluated the effect of the climatic season and infection by Trypanosoma cruzi, etiological agent of Chagas disease, on the molting capacity of the triatomine vector Mepraia spinolai endemic to Chile. We used wild-caught first-to-fourth instar nymphs during cooling (fall and winter) and warming (spring) periods. After capturing, nymphs were fed at the laboratory, and maintained under optimal rearing conditions. Feeding was repeated 40 days later. We followed-up the molting events on 709 nymphs, recording one, two or the absence of molts after two feeding opportunities. Within the same climatic period, only infected second- and fourth-instar nymphs from the warming period showed a larger proportion of double molting compared to uninfected nymphs. Regarding the climatic period, infected and uninfected first- and fourth-instar nymphs exhibited a larger proportion of double molting in the warming and cooling periods, respectively. The pattern of non-molting nymph occurrence suggests they probably reach diapause by environmental stochasticity. The effect of the climatic period and T. cruzi infection on the development of M. spinolai is an instar-dependent phenomenon, highlighting the occurrence of finely synchronized processes at different moments of the life cycle of such an hemimetabolous insect as triatomines.
The effects of different daily irradiance profiles on Arabidopsis growth, with special attention to the role of PsbS

In nature, light is never constant, while in the controlled environments used for vertical farming, in vitro propagation, or plant production for scientific research, light intensity is often kept constant during the photoperiod. To investigate the effects on plant growth of varying irradiance during the photoperiod, we grew Arabidopsis thaliana under three irradiance profiles: a square-wave profile, a parabolic profile with gradually increasing and subsequently decreasing irradiance, and a regime comprised of rapid fluctuations in irradiance. The daily integral of irradiance was the same for all three treatments. Leaf area, plant growth rate, and biomass at time of harvest were compared. Plants grown under the parabolic profile had the highest growth rate and biomass. This could be explained by a higher average light-use efficiency for carbon dioxide fixation. Furthermore, we compared the growth of wild type plants with that of the PsbS-deficient mutant npq4. PsbS triggers the fast non-photochemical quenching process (qE) that protects PSII from photodamage during sudden increases in irradiance. Based mainly on field and greenhouse experiments, the current consensus is that npq4 mutants grow more slowly in fluctuating light. However, our data show that this is not the case for several forms of fluctuating light conditions under otherwise identical controlled-climate room conditions.
Soundscape structure in forests surrounded by protected and productive areas in central Costa Rica

Ecosystems are under a multitude of pressures, including land-use change, overexploitation, pollution, and climate change. Most studies, resources, and conservation efforts are allocated to protected areas, while anthropogenic activities in their surroundings may affect them in ways that are poorly understood. We evaluated soundscape structure in forests surrounded by protected or productive areas in central Costa Rica. We sampled soundscapes in 91 recording sites in Grecia Forest Reserve and Poas Volcano National Park, and surrounding areas with productive activities (predominantly agricultural and urban). We classified sampling sites into three clusters according to landscape entropy, forest amount, and fragmentation surrounding recording points: more fragmented, more conserved, and intermediate. The conserved cluster showed higher acoustic diversity or entropy, but lower acoustic complexity, shorter duration of sounds in all frequency ranges, and lower amount of energy in the biological frequency bands than the fragmented cluster. We additionally found a positive significant relationship between the amount of forest and acoustic entropy or diversity indices, but a negative relationship with acoustic activity or energy indices. Indices, such as spectral and temporal entropy, the entropy of spectral variance, and total entropy, seemed to be a better fit than acoustic complexity and bioacoustic indices as indicators of habitat conservation in this study. Acoustic indices revealed that the surrounding matrices of protected areas have an impact on acoustic environments. We encourage researchers and decision-makers to carefully interpret acoustic indices when evaluating habitats showing a higher value in acoustic energy or activity because this might not necessarily reflect either a high level of biodiversity or habitat conservation. Also, we highlight the importance of preserving undisturbed forested matrices around protected areas, as they are important for maintaining acoustic diversity.
Rbox: A web API for software integration with the R programming language

This paper presents an inventive software interface for the integration of some extensively used information systems with the R programming environment. The contribution of this paper is two‐fold. First, a more comprehensive and specialized data analysis tool is provided. Second, a notable software code analysis model has been proposed to perform statistical tests and execute machine learning algorithms using the capabilities of the R programming language. The recommended application programming interface is successfully tested and evaluated based on a real‐life data set. The obtained results verify the high computing performance of the model in terms of the execution proceedings and achieved objectives.
Proton Direct Ionization in Sub-Micron Technologies: Test Methodologies and Modeling

Two different low-energy proton (LEP) test methods, one with quasi-monoenergetic (QME) and the other with very wide proton beam energy spectra, have been studied. The two test methodologies have been applied to devices that were suggested from prior heavy-ion tests to be sensitive to proton direct ionization (PDI). The advantages and disadvantages of the two test methods are discussed. The test method using QME beams requires device preparation and high-energy resolution beams, but delivers results that can be interpreted directly and can be used in various soft error rate (SER) calculation methods. The other method, using a heavily degraded high-energy proton (DHEP) beam, requires little to no device preparation but more efforts on the beam characterization, and is confined to a specific SER method. While both methods deliver comparable estimates on the SER, the relatively complex determination of the beam characteristics in the degraded beam method makes it less straightforward to use. This work furthers presents a method to extract PDI sensitive volume (SV) parameters from DHEP beam cross Section data. This method extends the use of a previously published method to the degraded high-energy beam LEP testing method.
Miniaturized On-Ground 2.4 GHz IoT LTCC Chip Antenna and Its Positioning on a Ground Plane

This paper presents a very low-profile on-ground chip antenna with a total volume of 0. 075λ0× 0. 056λ0× 0. 019λ0 (at f0 = 2.4 GHz). The proposed design is a corrugated (accordion-like) planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) embedded in low-loss glass ceramic material (DuPont GreenTape 9k7 with ϵr = 7.1 and tanδ = 0.0009) fabricated with LTCC technology. The antenna does not require a clearance area on the ground plane where the antenna is located, and it is proposed for 2.4 GHz IoT applications for extreme size-limited devices. It shows a 25 MHz impedance bandwidth (for S11 < −6 dB), which means a relative bandwidth of 1%). A study in terms of matching and total efficiency is performed for several size ground planes with the antenna installed at different positions. The use of characteristic modes analysis (CMA) and the correlation between modal and total radiated fields is performed to demonstrate the optimum position of the antenna. Results show high-frequency stability and a total efficiency difference of up to 5.3 dB if the antenna is not placed at the optimum position.
High-speed automatically aligning tabletop optical beam scanning device for OCT

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has steadily increased in scope with new applications continuing to arise. However, a major obstacle to the more widespread use of OCT is the limited scan area that can be achieved. In recent years, OCT systems using 3D eye tracking technologies and robotic arms for automatic detection and alignment of an OCT imaging system with a patient’s eye in ophthalmology have been demonstrated. This has enabled OCT without the need for precise manual alignment and stabilization of patients in ophthalmology. For non-clinical and low-cost applications, however, simple and compact automatically aligning OCT systems still need to be developed. In this work, a high-speed automatically aligning tabletop OCT beam scanning device with a simple and compact design incorporating a stereo camera and a high-speed translation stage is presented. The device automatically detects regions of interest on a sample in a 7.5×7.5cm area above the scanner, locates their three-dimensional position, and performs a synchronous alignment and scanning procedure to obtain high-quality OCT data from multiple regions at high speed. The acquisition of epidermal and dermal fingerprints for OCT-based fingerprint recognition is demonstrated. Four fingers on a user’s hand are detected, located in three-dimensional space and sequentially scanned in less than 2.3s, with the potential for scan times as low as 1.3s with faster lasers. It is envisioned that this compact tabletop scanner will enable a variety of applications in biometrics, dermatology and non-destructive testing where the high-speed acquisition of high-quality tomographic images with a compact device is desirable.
Targeted therapies for the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma

Soft tissue sarcomas are rare malignant tumors derived from mesenchymal cells that have a high morbidity and mortality related to frequent occurrence of advanced and metastatic disease. Over the past two decades there have been significant advances in the use of targeted therapies for the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma. The ability to study various cellular markers and pathways related to sarcomagenesis has led to the creation and approval of multiple novel therapies. Herein, we describe the current landscape of targeted medications used in the management of advanced or metastatic soft tissue sarcomas, excluding GIST. We distinguish three categories: targeted therapies that have current US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for treatment of soft tissue sarcoma, non-FDA approved targeted therapies, and medications in development for treatment of patients with soft tissue sarcoma.
Impact of visible knots on relative visual attractiveness of furniture fronts made of pine wood (Pinus sylvestris L.)

ABSTRACT The main goal of this paper was to check if either the number or the composition (the arrangement or placement) of knots visible on the furniture fronts could be effective predictors of their relative visual attractiveness. Five different groups of human experts (73 people total) filled out a special online questionnaire, which contained 99 furniture front photos. The experts were asked to rate the relative attractiveness of the fronts using the 5-point Likert scale. It was found that an increase in the number of knots in the range of 0–4 significantly reduced the relative attractiveness of the front, but a further increase (from 4 to 8) made no statistically significant difference. Furthermore, the opinions of all expert groups turned out to be very similar, regardless of their professionalism in the field of interior or furniture design. No other (than the number of knots) predictors of the attractiveness of the fronts (such as the arrangement or placement of visual knots) could be found. The effectiveness of the number of knots as the only predictor of the visual attractiveness of cabinet doors (made of pine wood) was 61% or 87%, depending on the form of classification.
Transcriptional and metabolic responses of apple to different potassium environments

Potassium (K) is one of the most important macronutrients for plant development and growth. The influence mechanism of different potassium stresses on the molecular regulation and metabolites of apple remains largely unknown. In this research, physiological, transcriptome, and metabolite analyses were compared under different K conditions in apple seedlings. The results showed that K deficiency and excess conditions influenced apple phenotypic characteristics, soil plant analytical development (SPAD) values, and photosynthesis. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, peroxidase (POD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, abscisic acid (ABA) content, and indoleacetic acid (IAA) content were regulated by different K stresses. Transcriptome analysis indicated that there were 2,409 and 778 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in apple leaves and roots under K deficiency conditions in addition to 1,393 and 1,205 DEGs in apple leaves and roots under potassium excess conditions, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment showed that the DEGs were involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, photosynthesis, and plant hormone signal transduction metabolite biosynthetic processes in response to different K conditions. There were 527 and 166 differential metabolites (DMAs) in leaves and roots under low-K stress as well as 228 and 150 DMAs in apple leaves and roots under high-K stress, respectively. Apple plants regulate carbon metabolism and the flavonoid pathway to respond to low-K and high-K stresses. This study provides a basis for understanding the metabolic processes underlying different K responses and provides a foundation to improve the utilization efficiency of K in apples.
Diagnostic Models as Partially Ordered Sets

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Pulsed CO2 laser etching of polyimide

Etching of thin polyimide films in air was investigated using a line tunable, pulsed CO2 laser. The threshold fluence for etching at a wavelength of 944 cm−1 (10.6 μm) exceeds that at 1087 cm−1 (9.2 μm) by a factor of 4. This is consistent with the infrared absorption spectrum which shows polyimide to be significantly more absorbing at 1087 cm−1. As a result, etching at 1087 cm−1 produces a cleaner, more precisely defined region. Analysis of the vapors generated during laser etching shows the simple gases CO2, H2O, and CO to be present.
On Minimally Imperfect Graphs with Circular Symmetry

Results of Lovasz and Padberg entail that the class of so-called partitionable graphs contains all the potential counterexamples to Berge's famous Strong Perfect Graph Conjecture, which asserts that the only minimal imperfect graphs are the odd chordless cycles with at least five vertices (“odd holes”) and their complements (“odd antiholes”). Only two constructions (due to Chvatal, Graham, Perold, and Whitesides) are known for making partitionable graphs. The first one does not produce any counterexample to Berge's Conjecture, as shown by Sebo. Here we prove that the second one does not produce any counterexample either. This second construction is given by near-factorizations of cyclic groups based on the so-called “British number systems” introduced by De Bruijn. All the partitionable graphs generated by this second construction (in particular odd holes and odd antiholes) have circular symmetry. No other partitionable graph with circular symmetry is known, and we conjecture that none exists; in this direction we prove that any counterexample must contain a clique and a stable set with at least six vertices each. Also we prove that every minimal imperfect graph with circular symmetry must have an odd number of vertices. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Graph Theory 29: 209–225, 1998