Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Real-world data on melanoma brain metastases and survival outcome

Novel medical therapies have revolutionized outcome for patients with melanoma. However, patients with melanoma brain metastases (MBM) still have poor survival. Data are limited as these patients are generally excluded from clinical trials, wherefore real-world data on clinical outcome may support evidence-based treatment choices for patients with MBM. Patients diagnosed with MBM between 2008 and 2020 were included retrospectively. Patient characteristics, treatment, and outcome data were recorded from The Danish Metastatic Melanoma Database, pathology registries, electronic patient files, and radiation plans. Anti-programmed cell death protein 1 antibodies and the combination of BRAF/MEK-inhibitors were introduced in Denmark in 2015, and the cohort was split accordingly for comparison. A total of 527 patients were identified; 148 underwent surgical excision of MBM, 167 had stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), 270 received whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT), and 343 received systemic therapies. Median overall survival (mOS) for patients diagnosed with MBM before and after 2015 was 4.4 and 7.6 months, respectively. Patients receiving surgical excision as first choice of treatment had the best mOS of 10.9 months, whereas patients receiving WBRT had the worst outcome (mOS, 3.4 months). Postoperative SRS did not improve survival or local control after surgical excision of brain metastases. Of the 40 patients alive >3 years after diagnosis of MBM, 80% received immunotherapy at some point after diagnosis. Patients with meningeal carcinosis did not benefit from treatment with CPI. Outcome for patients with MBM has significantly improved after 2015, but long-term survivors are rare. Most patients alive >3 years after diagnosis of MBM received immunotherapy.
Establishment of a reference panel of Helicobacter pylori strains for antimicrobial susceptibility testing

Eradication treatment for Helicobacter pylori gastritis is covered by national health insurance since 2013 in Japan. However, eradication failure due to the increase of antimicrobial resistance has become a serious problem. The present study aims to establish a reference panel of Japanese H. pylori strains for antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
A single factor elicits multilineage reprogramming of astrocytes in the adult mouse striatum

Significance Outside the neurogenic niches, the adult brain lacks multipotent progenitor cells. In this study, we performed a series of in vivo screens and reveal that a single factor can induce resident brain astrocytes to become induced neural progenitor cells (iNPCs), which then generate neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Such a conclusion is supported by single-cell RNA sequencing and multiple lineage-tracing experiments. Our discovery of iNPCs is fundamentally important for regenerative medicine since neural injuries or degeneration often lead to loss/dysfunction of all three neural lineages. Our findings also provide insights into cell plasticity in the adult mammalian brain, which has largely lost the regenerative capacity.
Characterization of the Phase-Variable Autotransporter Lav Reveals a Role in Host Cell Adherence and Biofilm Formation in Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae

Lav is an autotransporter protein found in pathogenic Haemophilus and Neisseria species. Lav in nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is phase-variable: the gene reversibly switches ON-OFF via changes in length of a locus-located GCAA(n) simple DNA sequence repeat tract. The expression status of lav was examined in carriage and invasive collections of NTHi, where it was predominantly not expressed (OFF). Phenotypic study showed lav expression (ON) results in increased adherence to human lung cells and denser biofilm formation. ABSTRACT Lav is an autotransporter protein found in pathogenic Haemophilus and Neisseria species. Lav in nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is phase-variable: the gene reversibly switches ON-OFF via changes in length of a locus-located GCAA(n) simple DNA sequence repeat tract. The expression status of lav was examined in carriage and invasive collections of NTHi, where it was predominantly not expressed (OFF). Phenotypic study showed lav expression (ON) results in increased adherence to human lung cells and denser biofilm formation. A survey of Haemophilus species genome sequences showed lav is present in ∼60% of NTHi strains, but lav is not present in most typeable H. influenzae strains. Sequence analysis revealed a total of five distinct variants of the Lav passenger domain present in Haemophilus spp. , with these five variants showing a distinct lineage distribution. Determining the role of Lav in NTHi will help understand the role of this protein during distinct pathologies.
Closed-Form Expressions for Short-Circuit Power of Short-Channel CMOS Gates and its Scaling Characteristics

A closed-form expression for short-circuit power dissipation of CMOS gates is presented which takes short-channel effects into consideration. The calculation results show good agreement with the SPICE simulation results over wide range of load capacitance. The change in the short-circuit power, PS, caused by the scaling in relation to the charging and discharging power, PD, is discussed and it is shown that basically PS / (PD + PS) will not change with scaling if VTH / VDD is kept constant.
Interaction Mechanism for Simultaneous Elimination of Nitrogen Oxides and Toluene over the Bifunctional CeO2-TiO2 Mixed Oxide Catalyst.

Simultaneous catalytic elimination of nitrogen oxides (NOx, x = 1 and 2) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is of great importance for environmental preservation in China. In this work, the interactions of simultaneous removal of NOx and methylbenzene (PhCH3) were investigated on a CeO2-TiO2 mixed oxide catalyst, which demonstrated excellent bifunctional removal efficiencies for the two pollutants. The results indicated that NOx positively promotes PhCH3 oxidation, while NH3 negatively inhibits through competitive adsorption with PhCH3. The underlying mechanism is that a pseudo PhCH3-SCR reaction happened in this process is parallel to NH3-SCR. Combined with in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and quasi in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the interaction mechanism between NOx and PhCH3 is proposed. Specifically, NOx is adsorbed on the catalyst surface to produce nitrate species, which reacts with the carboxylate generated during PhCH3 oxidation to form organic nitrogen intermediates that create N2 and CO2 in the following reactions. In the reaction process, the superoxide (O2-) generated by O2 activation on the catalyst surface is an important species for the propelling of oxidation reaction. This work could provide guidelines for the design of state-of-the-art catalysts for simultaneous catalytic removal of NOx and VOCs.
Association Between Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Decline in Function, Cognition, and Mental Health After Critical Illness Among Older Adults

BACKGROUND Older adults admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) are at risk for developing impairments in function, cognition, and mental health. It is not known whether socioeconomically disadvantaged older persons are at greater risk for these impairments than their less vulnerable counterparts. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between socioeconomic disadvantage and decline in function, cognition, and mental health among older survivors of an ICU hospitalization. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of a longitudinal cohort study. SETTING Community-dwelling older adults in the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS). PARTICIPANTS Participants with ICU hospitalizations between 2011 and 2017. MEASUREMENTS Socioeconomic disadvantage was assessed as dual-eligible Medicare-Medicaid status. The outcome of function was defined as the count of disabilities in 7 activities of daily living and mobility tasks, the cognitive outcome as the transition from no or possible to probable dementia, and the mental health outcome as the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 score in the NHATS interview after ICU hospitalization. The analytic sample included 641 ICU hospitalizations for function, 458 for cognition, and 519 for mental health. RESULTS After accounting for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, dual eligibility was associated with a 28% increase in disability after ICU hospitalization (incidence rate ratio, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.64); and nearly 10-fold greater odds of transitioning to probable dementia (odds ratio, 9.79; 95% CI, 3.46 to 27.65). Dual eligibility was not associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety after ICU hospitalization (incidence rate ratio, 1.33; 95% CI, 0.99 to 1.79). LIMITATION Administrative data, variability in timing of baseline and outcome assessments, proxy selection. CONCLUSION Dual-eligible older persons are at greater risk for decline in function and cognition after an ICU hospitalization than their more advantaged counterparts. This finding highlights the need to prioritize low-income seniors in rehabilitation and recovery efforts after critical illness and warrants investigation into factors leading to this disparity. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE National Institute on Aging.
Infant Formulas With Postbiotics: An Updated Systematic Review

ABSTRACT Objectives: Infant formulas (IF) with postbiotics, defined as inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confer a health benefit on the host, are available. We systematically updated evidence on the safety and health effects of administering iF with postbiotics (with or without other modifications) compared with standard IF. Methods: The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases were searched to December 2021. Results: Eleven randomized controlled trials were included. Using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2, for the primary outcomes, 5 trials had an overall high risk of bias, and 6 trials had some concerns of bias. Most data were available on IF fermented with Bifidobacterium breve C50 and Streptococcus thermophilus (BB/ST). These formulas, compared with the standard IF, were safe and well tolerated. Postbiotic formulas with additional modifications (ie, formula fermented with BB/ST & prebiotics, partly fermented formula with BB/ST and prebiotics with or without modified milk fat, partly fermented antiregurgitation formula with BB/ST and prebiotics) were generally safe and well tolerated but did not offer clear benefits replicated in other studies. Only limited data were available on formula fermented with Lactobacillus paracasei CBA L74. Conclusions: IF with postbiotics evaluated so far are safe and well tolerated by infants who cannot be breastfed. No firm conclusion can, however, be reached regarding the clinical effects and benefit of one formula over another. It seems reasonable to discuss with healthcare providers current evidence regarding specific modifications in infant formulas and let them decide whether the expected benefits meet expectations and are worth the cost.
Collective states in a ring network of theta neurons

We consider a ring network of theta neurons with non-local homogeneous coupling. We analyse the corresponding continuum evolution equation, analytically describing all possible steady states and their stability. By considering a number of different parameter sets, we determine the typical bifurcation scenarios of the network, and put on a rigorous footing some previously observed numerical results.
Gesture is the primary modality for language creation

How language began is one of the oldest questions in science, but theories remain speculative due to a lack of direct evidence. Here, we report two experiments that generate empirical evidence to inform gesture-first and vocal-first theories of language origin; in each, we tested modern humans' ability to communicate a range of meanings (995 distinct words) using either gesture or non-linguistic vocalization. Experiment 1 is a cross-cultural study, with signal Producers sampled from Australia (n = 30, Mage = 32.63, s.d. = 12.42) and Vanuatu (n = 30, Mage = 32.40, s.d. = 11.76). Experiment 2 is a cross-experiential study in which Producers were either sighted (n = 10, Mage = 39.60, s.d. = 11.18) or severely vision-impaired (n = 10, Mage = 39.40, s.d. = 10.37). A group of undergraduate student Interpreters guessed the meaning of the signals created by the Producers (n = 140). Communication success was substantially higher in the gesture modality than the vocal modality (twice as high overall; 61.17% versus 29.04% success). This was true within cultures, across cultures and even for the signals produced by severely vision-impaired participants. The success of gesture is attributed in part to its greater universality (i.e. similarity in form across different Producers). Our results support the hypothesis that gesture is the primary modality for language creation.
Soil biodiversity and nature-mimicry in agriculture; the power of metaphor?

Attention to soil biodiversity and its importance for sustainable food production has markedly increased in recent years. In particular, the loss of soil biodiversity as a consequence of intensive agriculture, land degradation and climate change has raised concerns due to the expected negative impacts on ecosystem services, food security and human health. The result is a strong demand for ‘nature-based’ practices that stimulate soil biodiversity or beneficial soil organisms and enhance soil health. Here, we examine the origin of popular ideas on the role of soil biology in sustainable soil management, as well as their potential to address key global challenges related to agriculture. Three examples of such ideas are discussed: 1) a higher fungal:bacterial (F:B) biomass ratio favours soil carbon storage and nutrient conservation; (2) intensive agricultural practices lead to a decline in soil biodiversity with detrimental consequences for sustainable food production; (3) inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi reduces agriculture's dependency on synthetic fertilizers. Our analysis demonstrates how ecological theories, especially E.P. Odum's ( 1969) hypotheses on ecological succession, have inspired the promotion of agricultural practices and commercial products that are based on the mimicry of (soil biology in) natural ecosystems. Yet our reading of the scientific literature shows that popular claims on the importance of high F:B ratios, soil biodiversity and the inoculation with beneficial microbes for soil health and sustainable agricultural production cannot be generalized and require careful consideration of limitations and possible trade-offs. We argue that dichotomies and pitfalls associated with the normative use of nature as a metaphor for sustainability can be counterproductive given the urgency to achieve real solutions that sustain food production and natural resources. Finally, implications for soil ecology research and sustainable soil management in agriculture are discussed.
The Adoption and Implementation of High-Performance Work System in Subsidiaries of Japanese Multinational Companies in Vietnam: a Qualitative Study

Abstract Background and purpose: Managing human resource in foreign subsidiaries of Multinational Companies (MNCs) has been a challenging task due to the cultural diversity. High Performance Work System (HPWS) has been adopted by headquarters of MNCs in their subsidiaries as a form of control. The current research aims to explore the adoption and implementation of HPWS in subsidiaries of Japanese MNCs in Vietnam. Design/Methodology/Approach: A qualitative research design was conducted with data collected from semi-structured in-depth interviews with 33 managers working in 11 subsidiaries of Japanese MNC in Vietnam. Content analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: The results suggested that although HPWS was not fully implemented in these establishments, ability enhancing, motivation enhancing and opportunity enhancing bundle of HPWS were adopted to a varying extent. In addition, HPWS was adopted as a reactive response rather than a strategic choice. Finally, cost-benefit consideration may provide explanation for the non-systematic implementation of HPWS in affiliations of Japanese MNCs in Vietnam. Conclusion: The research provides some evidences to support the best-fit approach to HPWS adoption and implementation. Although HPWS has the potential to improve organizational performance, it must be internally aligned with the context of the organization.
Potential for carbon sequestration and the actual forest structure: the case of Krasnodar Krai in Russia

Abstract This work aims to analyze the age structure of forests in Krasnodar Krai in order to estimate their carbon sequestration potential. The research was conducted during 2015–2020 in 14 forested districts of Krasnodar Krai in the Russian Federation. A database of 96,000 sample plots was used. Aspen occupied the maximum area (20% of trees), while much smaller areas were occupied by linden, birch, pine, and oak (p≥0.05 with aspen). Spruce occupied three times smaller areas compared to aspen (p≤0.05), while maple, elm, ash, and alder had ten times smaller areas (p≤0.01). Among deciduous species by age, mature and overmature stands predominate, while in conifers a young growth prevails (44% – for pines). All pine forests belong to the 1st quality class (91%), for birch and aspen, it is 75–80% of trees (p≤0.05 with the frequency for pine), for spruce – 52% (p≤0.05), and for oak – 10% (p≤0.01). Different tree species make different contributions to carbon sequestration – from 0.3 tons per 1 ha (Alnus glutinosa) to 1.7 tons per ha (Fraxinus excelsior). Taking into account the areas occupied in the forest by different tree species, their contribution will also be different – from 0.5 thousand tons/1 year (F. excelsior) to 290 thousand tons per 1 year (Populus tremula). The total increase in wood stocks and carbon sequestration is mainly due to six forest tree species. The results obtained can be used to assess the potential for carbon sequestration in temperate forests, taking into account their different age structure and tree species composition.
The Transplanting of Linux Operating System to ARM9 Processor

The realized process of transplanting Linux into the S3C2410 of the Advanced RISC Machine with examples and the documents need to be amended in transplanting process and revised methods were elaborated,which used RedHat9.0 version of the Linux operating system,cross-compilation tools arm-linux-gcc3.4. 1.Transplantation main contents were:the establishment of cross-environment,BootLoader transplantation and kernel transplantation.Finally,the compiled kernel code has been adopted for a good transplant BootLoader downloaded to the development board,Linux system is successfully migrated to the ARM processor.
The Maximum and Minimum Price in Trinomial Model

In this work, we discussed the problem of the trinomial model which is also called the trinomial tree model. This research is based on the binomial model, but it is much more complicated and realistic than the binomial model because it contains the situation that the stock price does not change. In this work, how asset option pricing is made, the time when the trinomial model can be replicated, the value of probabilities for the increased, unchanged, and decreased strike respectively, the maximum and minimum price in the trinomial model, and the option pricing formula are discussed. Basic financial knowledge of non-arbitrage and statistics knowledge for probabilities are covered in this work to fulfill our goal.
Natural Language Processing Applied on Large Scale Data Extraction from Scientific Papers in Fuel Cells

Natural language processing (NLP) has a great potential to help scientists automatically extract information from large-scale text datasets. In this paper, we focus on the process of NLP — including text acquisition, text preprocessing, word embedding training, and named entity recognition — applied on 106,181 abstracts of fuel cell papers. Then we evaluate our trained model on its ability of analogy, use the model to analyze the research trend in fuel cell materials and predict new materials. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that NLP has been applied in the field of fuel cells. This data-driven technique is demonstrated to have the potential to promote the discoveries of new fuel cell materials.
Skeleton-Based Action Recognition with UAV Views

∗ Human action recognition with unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is a significant real-life application of UAVs. In recent years, skeleton-based methods have achieved remarkable progress in the field of action recognition. However, few methods focus on action recognition based on UAV views, and the models of conventional action recognition task are not applicable due to the difficulties associated with the drastic change of viewpoints. In this paper, we adopt two novel methods that have performed well in human skeleton-based action recognition task, and select the newly published UAV-Human dataset as the benchmark to imitate action recognition task in UAV environment. We focus on the fundamental issues caused by action recognition based on UAV camera and the main difficulties in its application.
Enterprise big data management based on Knowledge Graph

With the continuous development of enterprises, the accumulated multi-source big data has gradually become the core resource of enterprises. Therefore, enterprise big data management is currently an important compet- itiveness of enterprise development. By constructing a multi-dimensional enterprises knowledge graph, the article identifies hidden data characteristics in enterprises. Take enterprise risk monitoring as an example, our method provides a perspective for risk prevention and rational evaluation of enterprises from a macro perspective. Based on the perspective of knowledge graph theory, using the top-down construction method, the knowledge graph of the enterprise is constructed from five dimensions, and then the enterprise judicial risk and public opinion risk are found. The research shows that: the knowledge graph can help enterprises and its external personnel fully grasp enterprise information, provide accurate and reliable knowledge for enterprise growth, industry development, government supervision, market investment and other aspects, which has important research value for early detection and prevention of enterprise risk.
Research on Real-time Data Warehouse Technology for Sea Battlefield

Aiming at the data governance problems in the sea battlefield, this paper proposes a real-time data warehouse construction method for naval battlefields, which realizes the functions of storage, analysis and mining of battle data. This paper completes the construction of the data warehouse from the aspects of real-time data life cycle, real-time data application scenarios, data warehouse real-time safeguard measures, and data warehouse theme design. It can effectively provide data support for naval combat forces and provide auxiliary decision-making for commanders.