Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
"CONCEPTUALIZING NETWORKED KNOWLEDGE ACTIVITIES: RELATED AND CO-OCCURRING ACTIVITIES IN ONLINE SPACES"

This study examines how college students conceptualize the relationship between different types of networked knowledge activities. The purpose was to determine where there is greater or lessons conceptual consensus among students, which can serve as an indicator of areas where networked knowledge skills may be weak or underused. Using an interview with an embedded card sort activity, 63 college students shared how they would organize different social media actions given larger activity categories (network, collect, curate, share, broker, negotiate, and create). Findings showed greatest consensus under the network and collect categories, especially when familiar actions were represented. Less familiar actions, like different ways of tagging resources and sharing tags, were not highly associated with any particular networked knowledge activity. These findings have implications for teaching digital literacy skills at the college level.
A canonical model for interactive unawareness

Heifetz, Meier and Schipper [Heifetz, A. , Meier, M. , Schipper, B.C., 2006a. Interactive unawareness, J. Econ. Theory 130, 78–94; Heifetz, A. , Meier, M. , Schipper, B.C., 2006b. Unawareness, beliefs and games. Mimeo] introduced unawareness structures. These are generalized state-space models that allow for non-trivial unawareness among several individuals and strong properties of knowledge. We show that a canonical unawareness structure arises naturally if states consist of maximally consistent sets of formulas in an appropriate axiom system. As a corollary, we obtain a strong soundness and completeness theorem for this axiom system with respect to the class of unawareness structures. © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. JEL classification: C70; C72; D80; D82
Annotating Automotive Radar efﬁciently: Semantic Radar Labeling Framework (SeRaLF)

Research on localization and perception for Autonomous Driving (AD) is mainly focused on camera and LiDAR data sets, rarely on radar data. Transferring data-driven development processes to the radar domain, the obvious need for radar data set generation is the ﬁrst step to take. We propose the modular twofold cross sensor Semantic Radar Labeling Framework (SeRaLF) for the automated ofﬂine generation of semantic labels for radar raw detections. First, a CNN is applied to a 360 degree view of camera to generate semantic information in the near-ﬁeld of the scene. In parallel, a roof mounted LiDAR, covering both near and long range, serves as alternative perception source on which a CNN is applied to semantically segment the LiDAR point cloud data. Considering different mounting positions and Field of Views (FoV), the labels of optical perception are radar-associated via a projection into 2D image representation. In a subsequent fusion algorithm, each detection is associated with a ﬁnal label describing its semantic class. The fusion algorithm considers consistency of both labels as well as uncertainties of the deep neural networks based on Monte Carlo Dropout. The automated pipeline is tested on real world data measurements. Subsequently, the proposed semantic radar labels are subject of a semi-manual inspection step to correct erroneous labeled points.
ESSENTIAL HABITAT OF THE BROWN PELICAN IN FLORIDA

(The En- dangered Species Act Amendments of 1978). The Recovery Team for the Eastern Brown Pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis carolinensis) (1980) chose not to so designate any habitat area other than nesting colonies. As part of an 8-year study (Schreiber 1980) we gathered data on the Brown Pelican's use of various islands and areas. These data allow us to identify aspects of the total habitat that are essential to the survival of the Brown Pelican in Florida.
Changes in Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities in Response to Natural Disturbances in a Stream

Benthic macroinvertebrate communities were collected from six different sites in the Dobong Stream in Seoul, Korea to investigate spatial and temporal changes in benthic macroinvertebrate communities in response to natural disturbances such as floods and droughts. We collected samples monthly or semimonthly with a Surber net (), and measured environmental factors, including stream temperature, discharge, width, conductivity, dissolved oxygen and pH at each sampling site. Benthic macro invertebrates were strongly affected by floods as well as droughts. In addition, benthic macroinvertebrate communities displayed different responses to the onset of the rainy season in summer 2006 and 2007, apparently due to differences in the intensity and amount of precipitation. Chironomids were particularly sensitive to heavy rain. Floods and droughts also affected the proportions of functional feeding groups during the survey period: the proportion of scrapers was high right after heavy rains, while the proportion of predators tended to increase in intermittent-type streams as the riffle zone decreased. Finally, although species richness and abundance were strongly influenced by heavy rain, they recovered to background levels for within one month, and varied consistently among stream types, indicating habitat stability.
ON THE PATCHINESS OF RADAR ECHOES IN MARINE STRATUS

Observations of marine stratus were made with an airborne radar of 3 mm wavelength off the coast of Oregon in September 1995. The radar was mounted on the Wyoming King Air aircraft which also carried sensors for in situ measurements of air motions and of hydrometeors. The radar provided reflectivity and vertical velocity measurements. The observed clouds were unbroken and fairly homogeneous over the roughly 50 km domains of the flights. The vertical profiles of the liquid water content were close to adiabatic and drizzle was falling from the clouds at rates of about 0.1 mm h. Maximum drizzle drop sizes were near 300 μm diameter. A detailed description of the cloud characteristics will appear in Vali et al., 1998 (V98) probably shortly after this conference paper. Clouds on three consecutive days were described. Cloud depths ranged from 220 m to 340 m. The temperature gradient in all cases was –5 °C km. Findings of specific relevance to this paper may be summarized as follows: (I) Horizontal averages of reflectivity decreased with height above cloud base but even at cloud top had values only 5 to 10 dBZ below the cloud base values. This is consistent with the in situ probe data showing drizzle drops present throughout the cloud volumes, although at reduced concentrations and with smaller sizes near cloud top. (ii) Reflectivities, expressed in dBZ, are approximately normally distributed at any given altitude. One standard deviation widths of the distributions are 4 to 8 dBZ, i.e. comparable to the decrease from cloud base to cloud top. (iiI) From the in situ data it could be deduced that the reflectivity is dominated by drizzle drops (> 50 μm diameter) in all but the upper 1/3 of the clouds (φ>0.66, where φ is the distance from cloud base upward as a fraction of the total cloud layer thickness). (iv) The observed vertical velocities (positive upward) were negatively correlated with reflectivity at and near cloud bases, but reversed sign for φ>0.3. Together with other evidence, this finding was interpreted as evidence for the upward transport of drizzle drops. (v) Regions of higher reflectivity exhibited trail-like appearance in vertical sections through the cloud. There was a hint of cellular structure of the echoes. In horizontal sections through the cloud (constant altitude surfaces) the echoes have highly irregular shapes. In this paper, we present the results of further analyses concerning the sizes and shapes of the echoes in horizontal planes. This information gives additional bases for envisaging and modeling the vertical transport and evolution of drizzle in these clouds.
Student Engagement Recognition from Videos: A Comparison Between Deep Learning Neural Network Architectures

 Abstract — Emotions play an essential role in learning. Thus, it is necessary to detect students' emotions in learning environments. Neural network models, especially deep learning models, have shown excellent performance in recognizing basic emotions (happiness, sadness, fear, disgust, anger) from faces in videos. However, basic emotion occurrence is low in learning environments. Cognitive emotions, such as engagement, confusion, frustration, and boredom, happen five times more frequently than basic ones. However, while basic emotions are relatively easy to distinguish from one another, cognitive emotions are much subtler, thus requiring more complex models for their recognition. This paper presents a comparative study between different deep neural network architectures focusing on student engagement recognition in videos. Using the DAiSEE dataset, we have trained and evaluated fine-tuning models, Conv3D models, and engineered feature models with multiple hyperparameter settings. Our results show that fully trained Conv3D models performed better than fine-tuned VGG16 and ResNet50 models, or even the LSTM model trained with popular engineered features.
Organotin photoresists for extreme ultraviolet lithography

In this work, we focus on tin oxo cages as model photoresists and investigate their photoreaction mechanism under EUV (13.5 nm) and DUV (225 nm) exposure. Sn-containing photoresists have attracted attention for EUV lithography because of their high photon absorption cross section at EUV (92 eV, 13.5 nm). We use different X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies combined with mass spectrometry methods to investigate the photon-induced chemistry in the photoresist films. To study primary reactions between EUV photons and the tin oxo cages, photoelectron spectrum with photon energies of 60, 92 120 and 150 eV were measured. This experimentally confirms the high contribution of tin atoms to the photoionization cross section of the tin oxo cages at 92 eV. Further chemical changes under EUV exposure were also investigated/identified by in-situ and ex-situ measurements such as XPS, time-of-flight secondary ionization mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and resist outgassing measurements. The formation of carbonyl bonds was detected in both in-situ and ex-situ measurement. The EUV induced species were found to be very sensitive to a post-exposure bake step. The outgassing products butane, butene, octane and butanal are detected. Using these results, the chemical reaction mechanism that renders the solubility switch is proposed, making an additional comparison between EUV and DUV photochemistry and reaction yield. This work provides a model to understand the photon-photoresist interaction.
S-Commerce Buying Decision Model for Second-Hand Products in Thailand: A Conceptual Framework

In Thailand, social commerce (s-commerce) is a new development in e-commerce that uses social media to empower customers to interact with sellers and other buyers on the Internet. The advancement of Web technology and social media platform gives rise to s-commerce which can act like a mechanism for businesses and customers to interact. S-commerce reestablished the social aspect of shopping in e-commerce. It especially increases the amount of social behavior in the online environment. In addition, the nature of the second-hand economy has changed significantly with the beginning of online technology, services, and platforms, i.e., the way second-hand product trade is implanted has changed by s-commerce. Inevitably, the related issues of social network marketing and trust between buyers and sellers have been also been a focus of attention for researchers in order to expand the current understanding of this phenomenon, especially regarding technological marketing and users’ trust. Accordingly, the main objective of this study was to systematically review and develop a conceptual framework of s-commerce buying decision model for second-hand product trade in Thailand. This study theorizes the nature of social aspect of online s-commerce behavior. Researchers employ a set of digital marketing mix and a trust model for consumers’ Internet shopping that could explain current online purchase behavior. Finally, this proposed model provides potential factors that affect the buying-decision behaviors of second-hand products through s-commerce in Thailand.
Jul 15, 2021 Nearshore and offshore wind development: Costs and competitive advantage exemplified by nearshore

Nearshore wind development has been seen as the cost reducing option that could shrink the cost gap between onshore and offshore development. The cost advantage is linked to more shallow water and shorter connection to shore even avoiding an offshore substation. Public tendering for offshore wind in Denmark has opened up for near-shore wind turbine farms as an alternative for lowering the cost of new offshore wind development. Whether these proposed near-shore locations will manage to significantly lower costs is not clear. The tenders have resulted in bids that are at comparable levels for the nearshore and the further offshore wind farms. We compare the cost drivers and possible cost differentials with preferences for locating wind farms further away from the coast. The main cost driver is water depth and in the Danish case water depth is increasing slowly or is not even correlated with the distance from shore. Therefore the willingness to pay for moving turbines away from the coast may be sufficiently high to balance the increased cost. The actual comparison of costs and willingness to pay must be carried out for the specific case with cost characteristics and willingness to pay by the affected population.
Proposal for a DIRECTIVE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL on the reduction of the impact of certain plastic products on the environment

A tobacco filter primarily contains three components: Cellulose Acetate, a hardening agent and adhesives.  Cellulose Acetate fibres (filaments) compose a tow band from which a tobacco product filter is formed. Cellulose Acetate fibres are about 20 microns in diameter and a tow band can contain between approximately 15,000 to 55,000 individual filaments.  As a hardening agent, triacetin (glycerol triacetate) is used to bond the tightly packed fibres together.  Adhesives are then used to fix the bonded fibres to a wrapping paper (plug wrap) and also to “close” the Plug wrap along the length of the filter.
Emotional Deep Learning; A Cross-lingual Speech Emotion Recognition Thesis on English and Dutch

Research on speech emotion recognition encounters the problem that the availability of well-annotated corpora is scarce for many languages. In this research, a cross-lingual deep learning approach is presented, in which a deep learning model is trained on English corpora annotated with seven different emotional labels and tested on a Dutch corpus annotated similarly, originating from a Dutch oral history archive. A one-dimensional multilayered convolutional neural network architecture is used and tested during a mono-lingual speech emotion recognition experiment us-ing the English corpora. Results show that the architecture used is capable of approximating the state-of-the-art performance for mono-lingual speech emotion recognition, retrieving an average accuracy of 0.585 during 5-fold cross-validation. Results on the cross-lingual experiment show that cross-lingual speech emotion recognition is feasible across English and Dutch by retrieving a well above chance accuracy of 0.311 on the Dutch corpus. These results enable future work to further explore speech emotion recognition for Dutch by validating and enlarging the Dutch corpus and to implement techniques reported to signiﬁcantly improve performance on the cross-lingual speech emotion recognition task from English to Dutch.
The Management of Mercury in the Modern Gold Mining Industry

Some gold and silver deposits are enriched in mercury. Mining and processing of these deposits to recover the precious metals also liberates the mercury from the ore. Modern mines employ environmental protection technologies and emission control devices to capture much of the mercury contained in the ore. The domestic gold mining industry is thus a primary source of new, metallic mercury in the U.S. The mercury produced by U.S. gold mines is sold into commerce.
Protection of hydrogen peroxide and Metal induced DNA damage by flavonoids

More recent research has shown that free radicals cause biomolecules to oxidatively damage. This harm has been linked to several human illnesses, diseases, and ageing. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as the hydroxide free radical (OH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and superoxide ion (O2-), have been proven to cause oxidative damage to DNA. Naringin, quercetin, and naringinin have been demonstrated to assist in DNA from oxidative damage. The 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test was used to gauge the capacity to neutralize free radicals. The method used was founded on spectrophotometric evaluation of the modification in DPPH concentration caused by the interaction with an antioxidant. Based on the apparent contradiction in words, the study shows the impact of quercetin, naringin, and naringinin on DNA damage in the presence of cupric ions and H2O2 using the gel electrophoresis technique. The aforementioned flavonoids acted as a protective agent at low cupric ion concentrations. While hydroxy free radical scavenger (FRS) did not prevent DNA cleavage at greater cupric ion concentrations, flavonoids did. It follows that DNA damage brought on by flavonoids is not simply caused by oxidative stress. The current work will look at a possible mechanism for the development of Copper(II) complexes with quercetin, naringin, and naringinin that promote antioxidant activity. To properly assess the efficacy of naringenin, quercetin, and naringin when combined with chemotherapeutic drugs for the administration of human health benefits, additional in-depth investigations, including clinical trials, are required.
Anabasis oropediorum Maire. as a health-promoting source: Phytochemical content, in vitro antioxidant, antidiabetic, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory potential

: Phytochemicals, which are necessary for plants to adapt to their environment, offer an exciting source of medicinal products. This study focuses on the desert plant Anabasis oropediorum ( Chenopodiaceae ), which is native to calcareous sandy regions in North African countries and Palestine. This investigation is the first to shed light on the therapeutic nature of the methanolic extract of the aerial parts of A. oropediorum . A phytochemical screening analysis was conducted, including a quantitative estimate of the total phenols, flavonoids, flavonols, anthocyanins, hydrolyzable tannins, and condensed tannins. Antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro using three methods: DPPH • scavenging, β -carotene bleaching, and anti-hemolytic assay. The antidiabetic activity was tested using two assays: non-enzymatic hemoglobin glycosylation and glucose uptake by yeast cells assay. Antibacterial activity was evaluated by the disc diffusion method, and anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by the protein anti-denaturation method. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, coumarins, cardiac glycosides, leuco-anthocyanins, mucilage, phenols, saponins, sterols, and terpenes. The quantitative analysis showed that the methanolic extract provided a high level of flavonoids (17.0±0.50 µ g QE/mg) and the total contents of tannins (5.3±0.04 µ g GAE/mg, 7.3±0.14 µ g CE/mg). Chlorogenic acid, p -coumaric acid, quercetin, and rutin were the phenolic compounds detected by RP-HPLC analysis. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of alkanes, aromatic compounds, and aliphatic amines in the methanolic extract. Biologically, this medicinal plant exhibited medium antioxidant activity, good in vitro antidiabetic activity, antibacterial activity against only Staphylococcus aureus , Listeria innocua , and Escherichia coli , and very good albumin protection activity from heat denaturation
Potential Functionality of Perovskite Solar Cells: A Brief Review

Perovskite solar cells (PSC), with their high efficiency, low production costs, and diverse uses, have emerged as a viable technology for sustainable energy generation. The present study examines perovskite solar cells' benefic aspects and associated constraints, emphasizing their potential for futuristic advancement. Furthermore, the remarkable applications of perovskites in energy generation encouraged us to investigate the Power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells compared with other solar energy technologies. Lastly, to resolve issues and promote their equitable adoption, the study presented recommendations for subsequent investigation and advancement.
Eccentricity Based Indices for Some Classes Fence Graphs

One of the most important ideas employed in chemical graph theory is that of so-called topological indices. This is to associate a numerical value with a graph structure that often has some kind of correlation with corresponding chemicals properties. In this paper, we consider some infinite families of 3-fence graphs, namely, ladder, circular ladder and Mobius ladder. We compute some of the eccentricity based topological indices of these graphs and their line graphs.
Influence of school leadership culture on students’ academic performance in mixed public secondary schools in Gucha region Kisii county

A study in social science rekindles a link between organizational culture and its effectiveness. Effective school has also come up with many attributes that were evident in schools that seem to contribute to academic achievement. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of school culture and its influence on students’ academic performance at KCSE level. The objectives of this study were; to examine the influence of school leadership on students’ academic performance and to assess the influence of school routines on students’ academic performance in mixed public secondary schools in Gucha region Kisii County. The study was guided by Edgar Schein’s organizational culture theory and Effective schools’ theory. Mixed methodology and concurrent triangulation research design guided the study. Qualitative and quantitative data was collected, analyzed and results merged for discussions and conclusions. The target population included 37 principals, 650 teachers and 15,865 students yielding 16, 552 participants. Purposeful sampling raised 17 principals, 150 teachers were randomly selected and 300 students sampled through stratified random sampling. 467 respondents were sampled for study. Questionnaires were given to teachers and students, interview guide was used by the researcher and interview guide was used by the researcher when interviewing the principals. The instruments were piloted on 10% of the sample size. Validity of the instruments was ascertained through expert judgment and reliability was attained through test re-test and calculated using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 24 and Cronbach alpha technique. Internal consistency of 0.7 was obtained. Credibility of the instruments was ascertained through data triangulation to ensure that findings were dependable at every step, well-articulated and detailed. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically and presented in narrative form while quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Linear regression was carried out and findings presented using tables and graphs. The study concluded that influence of school routines on students’ academic performance, leading by example had a strong positive correlation of . 539**indicating that strengthening school culture help in improving academic performance Gucha region, Kisii County. The study recommended that leaders of secondary schools should lead by example and promote a positive performance culture in schools.