Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Suppression of quantum decoherence via infrared-driven coherent exciton-plasmon coupling: Undamped field and Rabi oscillations

We show that when a semiconductor quantum dot is in the vicinity of a metallic nanoparticle and driven by a mid-infrared laser field, its coherent dynamics caused by interaction with a visible laser field can become free of quantum decoherence. We demonstrate that this process, which can offer undamped Rabi and field oscillations, is the result of coherent normalization of the “effective” polarization dephasing time of the quantum dot (T2*). This process indicates formation of infrared-induced coherently forced oscillations, which allows us to control the value of T2* using the infrared laser. The results offer decay-free ultrafast modulation of the effective field experienced by the quantum dot when neither the visible laser field nor the infrared laser changes with time.
An Investigation of Separated Flow about a Hemisphere-Cylinder at 0- to 19-Deg Incidence in the Mach Number Range from 0.6 to 1.5

Abstract : A wind tunnel investigation was conducted of the separated flow about a hemisphere-cylinder at incidence from 0 to 19 deg in the Mach number range from 0.6 to 1.5. At zero incidence, a nose separation bubble is revealed from analysis of shadowgraphs and surface pressure distributions between Mach numbers 0.7 and 0.9. The basic differences between the present nose separation bubble and the leading-edge separation bubble of airfoils are discussed. A multiple shock system, consisting of a lambda shape shock and two normal shocks, prevails in the flow field as a result of the viscous/inviscid interaction which is strongest at M at infinity = 0.85. Velocity field measurements utilizing a laser velocimeters were obtained for M at infinity = 0.85. The concept of an effective body and the particle dynamics are used to analyze the velocity. For incidences from 5 to 19 deg, shadowgraphs, surface pressures, and oil flow pictures showing the separation patterns and limiting streamlines were obtained through the Mach number range. Two separation regions, the nose separation bubble and the crossflow separation zone, were found to exist simultaneously. Concentrated vortices standing at the leeside forebody were found, and the mechanism and conditions for their appearance and discussed.
An implicit full Eulerian method for the fluid–structure interaction problem

A numerical method, which relaxes limitation of small time increment in fluid–structure interaction (FSI) simulations with hard solid, is developed based on a full Eulerian FSI model (Sugiyama et al. Comput. Mech. 2010; 46(1):147–157). In this model, the solid volume fraction is applied for describing the multicomponent material, and the left Cauchy‐Green deformation tensor is introduced to describe the deformation of the hyperelastic body. The transport equations for them are solved by finite difference formulation on a fixed Cartesian coordinate grid. In this paper, a simple implicit formulation is proposed for the elastic stress to avoid restriction and instability due to high stiffness. Both linear and nonlinear hyperelastic materials are treated by a unified formulation by introducing a fourth‐order Jacobian tensor to overcome the difficulty associated with the difference between the constitutive laws of solid and fluid. The numerical examples are carried out in two dimensions, and the proposed method is confirmed to work well for hard Mooney–Rivlin materials. It is also applied to 2D wall‐bounded flows involving biconcave particles, and the effects of the solid stiffness on the shape and distribution of the particles, and the overall flow rate are discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Membranes for Osmotic Power Generation by Reverse Electrodialysis

In recent years, the utilization of the selective ion transport through porous membranes for osmotic power generation (blue energy) has received a lot of attention. The principal of power generation using the porous membranes is same as that of conventional reverse electrodialysis (RED), but nonporous ion exchange membranes are conventionally used for RED. The ion transport mechanisms through the porous and nonporous membranes are considerably different. Unlike the conventional nonporous membranes, the ion transport through the porous membranes is largely dictated by the principles of nanofluidics. This owes to the fact that the osmotic power generation via selective ion transport through porous membranes is often referred to as nanofluidic reverse electrodialysis (NRED) or nanopore-based power generation (NPG). While RED using nonporous membranes has already been implemented on a pilot-plant scale, the progress of NRED/NPG has so far been limited in the development of small-scale, novel, porous membrane materials. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the membrane design concepts of nanofluidic porous membranes for NPG/NRED. A brief description of material design concepts of conventional nonporous membranes for RED is provided as well.
Modified Shrimp-Based Chitosan as an Emerging Adsorbent Removing Heavy Metals (Chromium, Nickel, Arsenic, and Cobalt) from Polluted Water

Water quality is under constant threat worldwide due to the discharge of heavy metals into the water from industrial waste. In this report, we introduce a potential candidate, chitosan, extracted and isolated from shrimp shells, that can adsorb heavy metals from polluted water. The waste shrimp shell chitosan was characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The adsorption capacity of heavy metals on the modified shrimp shell was measured using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry before and after adsorption. The highest adsorption of arsenic, nickel, and cobalt was 98.50, 74.50, and 47.82%, respectively, at neutral pH, whereas the highest adsorption of chromium was 97.40% at pH 3. Correspondingly, the maximum adsorption capacities of MSS for As, Cr, Ni, and Co were observed to be 15.92, 20.37, 7.00, and 6.27 mg/g, respectively. The application of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models revealed that the adsorption processes for the heavy metals were statistically significant (r2 > 0.98). The kinetic studies of metal adsorption, using modified shrimp shell, were well explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with linear coefficients (r2) of >0.97. The presence of a greater number of functional groups on the adsorbent, such as N–H coupled with H–O, –COO−, C–H, N–N, and C–O–C, was confirmed by FTIR analyses. Furthermore, SEM-EDX analysis detected the presence of elements on the surface of modified shrimp shell chitosan. This noteworthy adsorption capacity suggests that MSS could serve as a promising, eco-friendly, and low-cost adsorbent for removing toxic heavy metals including Cr, Ni, As, and Co and can be used in many broad-scale applications to clean wastewater.
Modeling, Design and Suspension Force Analysis of a Novel AC Six-Pole Heteropolar Hybrid Magnetic Bearing

To improve the radial suspension force of heteropolar hybrid magnetic bearing (HMB), a novel AC six-pole heteropolar HMB is proposed. Firstly, the structure, magnetic circuit, and suspension force generation principle are introduced and analyzed. Secondly, the equivalent magnetic circuits are established. The mathematical models of magnetic resistances, air gap magnetic fluxes, and levitation force are derived by node magnetomotive force (MMF) method. The main parameters of prototype heteropolar HMB, such as outer and inner air-gap length, winding turns, and permanent magnets, are designed. Then, the analysis model is established by MagNet 3D. The magnetic circuit, air-gap flux density, suspension mechanism, force-current relationships, force-displacement relationships, and force coupling characteristics are analyzed and calculated. Finally, the experimental system was built to test the levitation force and levitation displacement waveforms. The research results have shown that the proposed novel six-pole heteropolar HMB has a reasonable structure and magnetic circuit. The design method is also proven to be correct. Furthermore, it is compared with the traditional heteropolar six-pole HMB, the maximum suspension forces in the X and Y directions are increased by 1.96 and 2.02 times, respectively.
A Low Profile Polarization Reconfigurable Antenna Based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide

In this letter, a new type of polarization reconfigurable back cavity slot antenna is proposed. The antenna can switch between left-hand circular polarization, right-hand circular polarization and linear polarization by adjusting the connection of p-i-n diodes placed on the gap. The simulation results show that the working bandwidth of the proposed antenna can reach 160MHz, 110MHz and 70MHz respectively. The peak gain of the antenna is 4.1dBi and 4.93dBi under the condition of left-hand and right-hand circular polarization states, respectively. In addition, the antenna has a low profile of 0.025 free space wave-lengths.
A Statistical Method for the Determination of the Appropriate Order in a General Class of Time Series Models

Abstract We propose a method to determine the order q of a model in a general class of time series models. For the subset of linear moving average models (MA(q)), our method is compared with that of the sample autocorrelations. Since the sample autocorrelation is meant to detect a linear structure of dependence between random variables, it turns out to be more suitable for the linear case. However, our method presents a competitive option in that case, and for nonlinear models (NLMA(q)) it is shown to work better. The main advantages of our approach are that it does not make assumptions on the existence of moments and on the distribution of the noise involved in the moving average models. We also include an example with real data corresponding to the daily returns of the exchange rate process of mexican pesos and american dollars.
Ultra- Wideband Balun Design Based on Double-Sided Parallel Strip Lines

This paper presents a balun with more than ten octaves. The novel balun is an implanted conductor plane multilayer double-sided parallel-strip line. To isolate the various circuits on the upper and lower layers and convert into two immediate microstrip circuits, a conductor plane is inserted into the centre of the platform of the double-sided parallel-strip line in the multilayer construction. The method results in an extremely simple balun construction with superior broadband performance. From 1 GHz to above 10GHz, the developed switch circuit exhibits mismatch in degrees and amplitude of less than $\pm 1.8^{\circ}$ and $\pm 0.17\text{dB}$, respectively. The balun measures 29 $\text{mm}\times 20 \text{mm}\times 1.128$ mm in size.
A Novel Approach to Find Accuracy in Credit Card Fraud Detection Using Improved K-Nearest Neighbor Classifier Method Comparing with Logistic Regression Algorithm

The aim of this research is to identify the credit card fraud detection model using an improved K-nearest neighbor classifier method to find the credit card fraudulent transactions with accuracy percentage compared with Logistic regression algorithm. Materials and Methods: Logistic regression algorithm with sample size is 26 and K-nearest neighbor classifier method with sample size is 26 was iterated for predicting accuracy percentage of credit card fraud detection. The study contains two groups where the K-nearest neighbor classifier method algorithm is analysed in the first group, the logistic regression algorithm is analysed in the second group. The G power test value is 0.8 and the accuracies of each algorithm are compared. Results: Logistic regression algorithm is significantly better accuracy 92% compared to K-nearest neighbor 90% with the power value of 80% The two algorithms KNN and logistic regression are statistically not satisfied with the independent sample T-Test ${(\alpha=.881)}$ value ${(\mathrm{p}=0.05)}$ with a confidence level of 95%. Conclusion: The outcome of the proposed algorithm was compared with the K-nearest neighbor classifier method algorithm and the proposed algorithm has significantly better accuracy of 92% compared with Logistic regression algorithm.
Crosslinguistic acoustic categorization of sibilants independent of phonological status

Abstract The main object of this paper is to provide an acoustic characterization of a stable phonetic contrast across a number of variable dimensions such as vowel context, gender, language, and, in particular, phonological status. The contrast that is investigated is between the dental/alveolar sibilant fricative [s] and its palatoalveolar counterpart [∫]. The phonological feature involved in this distinction is [anterior]. Data from three languages are analysed, where the feature has a different phonological status. In English, both fricatives are independent phonemes, and the feature [anterior] is thus contrastive. In Bengali, [s] is an allophone of the phoneme /∫/, whereas in Dutch, [∫] is an allophone of the phoneme /s/. Power spectra, obtained by placing a 40 ms window in the middle of the friction, display a consistent pattern of differences between [s] and [∫] across the three languages independent of gender and vowel contexts. This difference is then quantified by a metric, based on the slopes of the spectral envelope below and above 2.5 kHz. It turns out that all three languages distinguish between [s] and [∫] in much the same way, but that the boundary values of the metric show some variation. However, this variation cannot be related to any of the variable factors mentioned above, but seems to be speaker-dependent. It is concluded that phonological status does not affect the realisation of this phonetic distinction, and that the appropriate acoustic correlate displays a relative rather than an absolute kind of invariance.
Research on Managerial Overconfidence, Corporate Financial Risk and Corporate Surplus Management

Based on the data of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2008 to 2018, this paper investigates the impact of corporate financial risk on corporate surplus management and further tests the heterogeneous role of power concentration and overconfidence on corporate financial risk through heterogeneity analysis. The empirical findings show that (i) all else being equal, corporate financial risk has a significant contribution to corporate surplus management, i.e., an increase in corporate financial risk causes firms to engage in surplus management behavior; further heterogeneity analysis results show that (ii) all else being equal, overconfident firms have an inhibitory effect on the positive relationship between financial risk and surplus management. In addition, the paper finds that the previous findings remain robust through lagged variable regressions, the use of instrumental variables and the replacement of different measures of surplus management. Finally, the paper combines the findings with corresponding policy recommendations and insights.
Effects of Late Gestation Supplements Differing in Fatty Acid Amount and Profile to Beef Cows on Cow Performance, Steer Progeny Growth Performance through Weaning, and Relative mRNA Expression of Genes Associated with Muscle and Adipose Tissue Development

Simple Summary Nutrition during late gestation has the potential to alter future progeny performance. Fatty acids are important for the regulation of protein and lipid metabolism. We investigated the effects of different fatty acid supplements during late gestation on cow performance, steer progeny growth performance, and gene expression through the weaning and backgrounding phases. The results indicate that late gestation fatty acid supplementation modifies plasma fatty acid concentration and alters muscle and adipose gene expression. However, the fatty acid supplements evaluated did not impact cow performance or steer growth performance through weaning and backgrounding. Abstract Strategic supplementation during late gestation has the potential to alter progeny performance. Mature fall-calving Simmental × Angus cows were used to evaluate the effects of late gestation supplementation of fatty acids to beef cows on cow performance, steer progeny growth performance during pre-weaning and backgrounding periods, and relative mRNA expression of genes associated with myogenesis and adipogenesis. Cows (n = 190; 4 pasture groups of cows/treatment) grazed endophyte-infected tall fescue and were supplemented during late gestation with calcium salts of either saturated fatty acid/monounsaturated fatty acid (SFA/MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), or an isocaloric and isonitrogenous control (CON). There were no differences (p ≥ 0.11) in cow body weight (BW) or body condition scores from pre-supplementation to weaning or steer BW at birth, weaning, or at the end of the backgrounding period. Concentrations of C18:2n-6 in plasma were greater (p = 0.01) in SFA/MUFA and PUFA cows compared to CON cows during supplementation. For mRNA expression in the longissimus muscle of steer progeny from birth to weaning: PAX7 decreased to a greater (p < 0.01) extent for SFA/MUFA and PUFA steers; AGPAT1 and CPT1 increased to a greater (p ≤ 0.02) extent for CON steers. The expression of MYH7 mRNA during the pre-weaning period was greater (p = 0.01) in PUFA. In conclusion, late gestation fatty acid supplementation modified plasma relative concentrations of fatty acids for dams and progeny and modified mRNA expression of genes related to myogenesis and adipogenesis but had limited effects on progeny growth performance during pre-weaning and backgrounding periods.
Neuroprotective Potentials of Flavonoids: Experimental Studies and Mechanisms of Action

Neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, particularly those related to aging, are on the rise, but drug therapies are rarely curative. Functional disorders and the organic degeneration of nervous tissue often have complex causes, in which phenomena of oxidative stress, inflammation and cytotoxicity are intertwined. For these reasons, the search for natural substances that can slow down or counteract these pathologies has increased rapidly over the last two decades. In this paper, studies on the neuroprotective effects of flavonoids (especially the two most widely used, hesperidin and quercetin) on animal models of depression, neurotoxicity, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease are reviewed. The literature on these topics amounts to a few hundred publications on in vitro and in vivo models (notably in rodents) and provides us with a very detailed picture of the action mechanisms and targets of these substances. These include the decrease in enzymes that produce reactive oxygen and ferroptosis, the inhibition of mono-amine oxidases, the stimulation of the Nrf2/ARE system, the induction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor production and, in the case of AD, the prevention of amyloid-beta aggregation. The inhibition of neuroinflammatory processes has been documented as a decrease in cytokine formation (mainly TNF-alpha and IL-1beta) by microglia and astrocytes, by modulating a number of regulatory proteins such as Nf-kB and NLRP3/inflammasome. Although clinical trials on humans are still scarce, preclinical studies allow us to consider hesperidin, quercetin, and other flavonoids as very interesting and safe dietary molecules to be further investigated as complementary treatments in order to prevent neurodegenerative diseases or to moderate their deleterious effects.
A Multilayer Neural Accelerator With Binary Activations Based on Phase-Change Memory

Novel in-memory computing circuits, based on arrays of emerging nonvolatile memories, such as the phase-change memory (PCM), can boost cutting-edge performances of artificial intelligent applications. However, the spread of PCM-based circuits is currently hindered by the lack of a design framework enabling fast, efficient, and low-power neural networks. In this work, a novel approach to the conceptual and technical design of integrated neural networks is proposed. In particular, to relax the power hunger and complexity of state-of-the-art solutions, we propose a fully analog computing approach where the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is replaced by a simple comparator. The analog building blocks of the accelerator are presented and validated in Cadence Virtuoso. The major nonidealities, such as PCM conductance variability, conductance drift, IR drop, and readout threshold, are studied by considering their impact on accuracy.
Blockchain tokenization of real estate investment: a security token offering procedure and legal design proposal

ABSTRACT The article addresses the legal design challenges of real estate crowdfunding, proposing potential solutions that combine blockchain technology, tokenisation, finance, and law. We propose a blockchain tokenised security design, based on a sertificate similar to Sukuk, an Islamic finance asset, that draws inspiration from Equipment Trust Certificates and is managed by a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV), that may issue blockchain tokenised certificates. These certificates grant rights related to an investment property. Each series of certificates represents specific property and will be a liability of the SPV that owns the property. In general, the tokens used resemble but remain categorically distinct from asset-backed securities. Their performance still depends on the underlying asset’s performance. Most important, token owners do not become partners in the SPV but are granted fractional ownership and rights on the underlying property. The proposed token mechanism could prevent delays in the transaction process related to transferring ownership of a property. It could split at some point to allow for the creation of ownership and income rights. The proposed security design potentially protects investors’ legal rights better without standard application of investors becoming partners in the SPV while shortening the transaction times, and increasing transparency and asset liquidity.
Association of Metabolic Syndrome and Other Factors with the Presence of Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe diabetes mellitus (DM) complication that contributes to medical and financial burdens. This study aimed to investigate risk factors for DN among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients by stratifying the participants based on the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Materials and methods: Between June 2017 and June 2022, Taiwan Hospital was chosen for this retrospective case-control study. Following the completion of a standardized interview and the donation of blood samples for this study, participants were divided into two groups according to whether they had MetS. We contrasted how the potential DN-related factors impacted these two groups. Results: A total of 1212 patients were included, and 639 patients (52.7%) had MetS. Multivariable analysis showed that the level of educational qualifications, fasting glucose, and uric acid (UA) were associated with DN. However, chewing betel nut behavior, higher systolic blood pressure (SBP), and higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were found to be risk factors of DN among the patients who had both T2DM and MetS. Notably, betel nut chewing increased the chance of DN in T2DM patients with MetS. Conclusions: This study found that the level of education, chewing betel nut behavior, HbA1c, fasting glucose, SBP, and UA were significant risk factors for the development of DN in diabetic individuals with concurrent MetS. Our research reveals that managing the aforementioned risk factors is crucial to lowering the prevalence of DN, particularly in individuals with lower levels of education.