Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
3D-Printed Metallic Helix Antennas for Orientation Insensitive Polarization-division Multiplexing at Terahertz Frequencies

The improvements in 3D-printing increasingly enable their use for Terahertz components. Here we present helical antennas integrated with WR3 rectangular waveguides produced by a 3D metal printer. The constrains in resolution forces the design to deviate from the ideal dimensions for gain, but the flexibility of the production technique allows for the integration of reflector dishes directly on the waveguide, which mitigates these effects. Despite the deviation from traditional helical antenna design rules, the circular polarization is maintained. Hence, this fabrication method delivers orientation insensitive antennas for polarization-division multiplexing.
Effects of Physical Exercises Alone on the Functional Capacity of Individuals with Obesity and Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review

Simple Summary Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that affects millions of people around the world. Knee osteoarthritis is one of the causes of more significant functional disability among people with it. Currently, obesity is identified as one of the main risk factors for the onset of the disease due to excess load on the joints of the lower limbs, especially the knees. The association of measures, such as weight reduction through diets and exercise, can alleviate symptoms and increase the physical condition of people affected by these clinical conditions. However, many individuals with obesity have difficulty adhering to diet programs and need to improve in order to perform their functional activities. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the results of several physical exercise programs conducted without the association of diet, demonstrating the improvement of the functional capacity of individuals with these concomitant clinical conditions, presenting another proposal to reduce the symptoms of the disease in this population. Abstract The association between obesity and knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is reported in the literature. The inflammatory factors described in obesity associated with mechanical overload on the knee joint lead to KOA development and reduced functional capacity in these individuals. Most physical exercise (PE) protocols associate a diet program to improve the functional capacity of individuals with concomitant KOA and obesity. There is a lack of published protocols performing PE alone, which would be without an associated diet program in individuals with both clinical conditions. In this systematic review, the authors summarize the effects of the application of PE alone, describing each protocol and reporting the improvement in the function of people with these clinical conditions. This investigation was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO. Five databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, PEDro, Scopus, CINAHL and Web of Science) were used up to July 2022 and ten studies, including 534 participants, met the inclusion criteria. The PEDro scale, Cochrane collaborations and ROBINS-I tools were used to evaluate the methodological quality and risk of bias. It was concluded that PE performed alone seems to provide an improvement in the functional capacity of these individuals even without an associated diet plan in the condition of obesity.
The Tolerance, Absorption, and Transport Characteristics of Macleaya cordata in Relation to Lead, Zinc, Cadmium, and Copper under Hydroponic Conditions

Heavy metal pollution has potential hazards to plant, animal, and human health, and phytoremediation is recognized as a safe and efficient technique for the revegetation of heavy-metal-polluted soil. Macleaya cordata was found in heavily tailing areas with fast growth rates, large biomass, and huge taproots. In our study, the seedlings of M. cordata were exposed to cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) in a Hoagland solution. After 20 days, the tolerance index as well as the content and distribution of Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in roots, stems, and leaves were determined. The results showed M. cordata had higher tolerance to Pb and Zn than to Cd and Cu under hydroponic culture conditions. Pb and Cu mainly accumulated in the roots, and the translocation efficiency to the shoots was very low, while about three-quarters of Zn concentrations in the plants were accumulated in the shoots; even the Cd content per shoot of M. cordata exceeded some Cd hyperaccumulators. In the present study, the metal ions in the roots or leaves of M. cordata were firstly determined in situ using dithizone staining, and the degree of root-tip staining was consistent with the amountof the total metal content in the roots. The addition of Zn or Cu in the Pb treatment solution increased the Pb content in the stems and leaves of M. cordata, while the addition of Zn or Cu in the Cd treatment solution had the opposite effect. Pb or Cd in the compound treatment decreased the Zn content in all parts of M. cordata. Our results suggest that Pb can be transported above ground via some special pathways in M. cordata. The different absorption and transport mechanisms of M. cordata in relation to Cd, Zn, Cu, and Pb can be important for the plant to be applied for the remediation of compound-polluted soil or water.
Usability of Artificial Intelligence in Cyber Security

The Internet of Things is getting increasingly intelligent and sophisticated. The use of smart devices is rapidly expanding. Artificial intelligence and machine learning are being integrated into IoT applications, resulting in competitive benefits such as increased operational productivity. Large businesses have been purchasing smaller start-ups that have been working at the intersection of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things over the past decade. In addition, leading IoT service providers are increasingly offering advanced AI features including machine-based learning analytics. We evaluated various papers relevant to the application of artificial intelligence in cyber-security in this report.
A Two-Step Machine Learning Approach for Crop Disease Detection Using GAN and UAV Technology

Automated plant diagnosis is a technology that promises large increases in cost-efficiency for agriculture. However, multiple problems reduce the effectiveness of drones, including the inverse relationship between resolution and speed and the lack of adequate labeled training data. This paper presents a two-step machine learning approach that analyzes low-fidelity and high-fidelity images in sequence, preserving efficiency as well as accuracy. Two data-generators are also used to minimize class imbalance in the high-fidelity dataset and to produce low-fidelity data that are representative of UAV images. The analysis of applications and methods is conducted on a database of high-fidelity apple tree images which are corrupted with class imbalance. The application begins by generating high-fidelity data using generative networks and then uses these novel data alongside the original high-fidelity data to produce low-fidelity images. A machine learning identifier identifies plants and labels them as potentially diseased or not. A machine learning classifier is then given the potentially diseased plant images and returns actual diagnoses for these plants. The results show an accuracy of 96.3% for the high-fidelity system and a 75.5% confidence level for our low-fidelity system. Our drone technology shows promising results in accuracy when compared to labor-based methods of diagnosis.
Risk-Assessment-Based Optimization Favours the Development of Albumin Nanoparticles with Proper Characteristics Prior to Drug Loading

Albumin nanocarrier research and development is a challenging area in the field of personalized medicine and in providing advanced therapeutic solutions. Albumin as a biocompatible, nonimmunogenic, and non-toxic protein carrier that can be exploited to conjugate drugs with poor bioavailability to improve on this feature. With many different perspectives and desired target profiles, a systematic structural approach must be used in nanoparticle development. The extended Research and Development (R&D) Quality by Design thinking and methodology proved to be useful in case of specific nanoparticle development processes before. However, the coacervation method is the most frequently applied preparation method for HSA nanoparticles; there is a lack of existing research work which has directly determined the influence of process parameters, control strategy, or design space. With a quality-management-driven strategy, a knowledge space was developed for these versatile nanoparticles and an initial risk assessment was conducted on the quality-affecting factors regarding the coacervation method, followed by an optimization process via Plackett–Burman and Box–Behnken experimental design. As a result of screening the effect of process variables on the fabrication of HSA nanoparticles, an optimized colloidal drug delivery system was engineered with desired nanoparticulate properties.
Simulating and Modeling the Extensive Air Showers Development through the Estimating the Energy of some Created Particles

Using the AIRES code and three hadronic interaction models, a simulation study of the energy of created particles due to the development of an extensive air shower was carried out (EPOS-LHC, QGSJET-II-04, and Sibyll2.3c). The main focus is put on the energy of the create particles as a function of depth for (12C,56Fe, p, and 28Si) primary particles with high primary energies (1017,1018,1019, and 1020) eV with two zenith angles 0° and 30°. The New parameters were obtained by fitting the energy of created particles curves using Gaussian and linear functions for created particles, initiated by primary particles at the energy 1020 eV. Good agreement was obtained by comparing the present results with results simulated by CORSIKA simulation for primary proton at the energy 1019 eV
BIST’te toptan ve perakende ticaret, lokantalar ve oteller sektöründe işlem gören işletmelerde beklenen kredi zararının finansal durum tablolarına etkisi

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye Finansal Raporlama Standardı 9 Finansal Araçlar (TFRS 9) ile uygulamaya konulan beklenen kredi zararlarının Borsa İstanbul A. Ş. ’de (BIST) işlem gören Toptan ve Perakende Ticaret, Lokantalar ve Oteller Sektöründeki işletmelerin finansal durum tablolarına etki düzeylerini belirlemektir. Araştırma kapsamında, BIST’te işlem gören Toptan ve Perakende Ticaret, Lokantalar ve Oteller Sektöründeki işletmelerin 2018-2021 dönemlerine ait finansal durum tabloları ve dipnotlarından elde edilen beklenen kredi zararı / dönen varlık oranının; likidite oranları, finansal yapı oranları, kârlılık oranları ve büyüme oranları ile etkisi panel veri analiz yöntemleri ile incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları değerlendirildiğinde; beklenen kredi zararı / dönen varlık oranının; likidite oranları, finansal yapı oranları, kârlılık oranları ve büyüme oranları üzerinde olumsuz yönde etkili olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Beklenen kredi zararı / dönen varlık oranı; işletmelerin likit varlıkları, kısa vadeli alacakları, dönen varlıkları, aktif toplamı, kârlılıkları ve öz kaynakları üzerinde azalışa sebep olmuştur.
Utilization of Poly Heater Test Structures in the Characterization of Bias Temperature Instability

Test structures with a poly heater and a dedicated diode were employed in the characterization of bias temperature instability for 5V MOS devices in a 0. 18μm CMOS smart power technology. Utilization of poly heater provides in situ temperature changes to allow different temperatures for stress and measurement and produces BTI degradation results with reduced relaxation in measurement, in good agreement with data from fast measurement system. Methodology for feedback temperature control was established and can be applied to different shapes and geometries of poly heater test structures. The test approach of utilizing poly heater for NBTI characterization provides a tool for fast NBTI assessment of wafer level reliability.
Automated Access Control via License Plate Recognition using Neocognitron Neural Network

In 1979 Fukushima developed a hierarchical, multilayered neural network called Neocognitron and used it for the automatic recognition of handwritten Japanese symbols. We combined the Neocognitron classifier with a special image and segment processor and applied the system in 2001 for automatic recognition of license plates in laboratory experiments. In this paper we report about a special image acquisition module and a postprocessor. We tested the system in real life conditions in an application of automated access control.
Surgical Outcomes for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Korea

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common chronic sleep disorder that causes oxygen desaturations, sympathetic hyperactivation, and sleep fragmentation. The gold standard for OSA treatment in adults is positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy, which is effective when used during sleep. However, about half of patients with OSA refuse or are non-adherent to PAP, and some patients have anatomical problems that can be alleviated surgically. Surgery can be considered for patients who are very likely to have successful surgical results, but who are intolerant to PAP or oral appliances because of anatomical abnormalities. There are various surgical modifications of the upper airway for OSA, including nasal surgeries (e.g., septoplasty, turbinoplasty, and endoscopic sinus surgery), nasopharyngeal surgeries, oral and oropharyngeal surgeries (e.g., uvulopalatopharyngoplasty and variations, tonsillectomy, and palatal implants), hypopharyngeal surgeries (e.g., tongue ablation, tongue-base resection, and genioglossus advancement), and multi-level surgeries. Much clinical research has reported the outcomes of various surgical procedures for OSA internationally based on the traditional surgical success rate (defined as ≥ 50% reduction in the postoperative apnea-hypopnea index [AHI], postoperative AHI < 20), and AHI reduction ratio (defined as between the preoperative and postoperative AHI). In addition, many studies investigating the results of various OSA surgeries have been reported in Korea. In this article, we review the characteristics of various upper airway surgical procedures for OSA, global surgical results for OSA, and current surgical outcomes for OSA in Korea.
Application of High Pressure Processing on Ultrasonically Treated Extract from Wild Bitter Gourd

Wild bitter gourd extracts, such as saponins, polysaccharides, and peptides, could be used to adjust blood sugar. The objective of this research was to explore the use of high pressure processing (HPP) for sterilization and acceleration of enzyme hydrolysis in the ultrasonic preparation of peptide extracts from wild bitter gourd. The results showed that the wild bitter gourd powder could be extracted via ultrasonic processing with water at 70 °C for only 20 min with a solid to liquid ratio of 1:20 to obtain the total protein content of 1.514 mg/g. The two sterilization methods for wild bitter gourd extract treated with papaya enzyme—for 2 h in the traditional autoclave at 121 °C for 15 min, or under HPP 300 MPa for 5 min—showed no significant effect on protein content, and both sterilization methods were effective. However, the extract sterilized with HPP had a significantly higher ability to scavenge DPPH free radicals. In addition, HPP (300 MPa for 5 min), combined with papaya enzyme to hydrolyze the wild bitter gourd extract, simultaneously pasteurized the extract and acquired the peptides from the wild bitter gourd extract Therefore, the ultrasonic extraction of wild bitter gourd, combined with HPP and enzyme hydrolysis, could greatly shorten the operation time (to only 5 min) for extracting the active peptides.
Erratum: “Circumnuclear Star Formation in the Early-Type Resonance Ring Barred Spiral Galaxy NGC 1326” [Astron. J. 120, 1289 (2000)]

Because of a computational error, the power-law slope of the cluster luminosity function in the nuclear ring was incorrectly presented as having a value a \ 2.10^ 0.04. The correct value is a \ 3.7^ 0.1, which is not similar to other young cluster systems. This steep slope is interesting and could be interpreted in a number of ways ; in particular, it suggests that many of the sources in the nuclear ring could be extreme supergiants, rather than clusters. However, as noted by D. Maoz, A. J. Barth, L. C. Ho, A. Sternberg, & A. V. Filippenko (AJ, 121, 3048 [2001]), individual blue supergiants that have absolute visual magnitudes up to [10 are very short-lived and may only explain a handful of the point sources seen in other nuclear rings. We cannot rule out the possibility that more of the sources in the nuclear ring of NGC 1326 than we originally thought are actually single stars, because at the distance of 19 Mpc, very compact clusters are hard to distinguish from stars. On the other hand, the analysis of two-color plots and reddening-free parameters favors the interpretations given in the paper, implying that the luminosity function is more deÐcient than usual in high-luminosity clusters, at least in this case. This issue will be discussed in a separate paper on the sources detected in the inner ring of NGC 3081, which presents a similar situation (R. Buta, G. G. Byrd, & T. Freeman 2001, in preparation). R. B. would like to thank B. G. Elmegreen for helpful discussions.
Demand Stimulus as Social Policy

We exploit a panel of city-level data with rich demographic information to estimate the distributional effects of Department of Defense spending and its effects on a range of social outcomes. The income and employment generated by defense spending accrues predominantly to households without a bachelor’s degree. These households as well as Black and Hispanic households tend to disproportionately benefit from this spending. Defense spending also promotes a range of beneficial social outcomes that are often targeted by government programs, including reductions in poverty, divorce rates, disability rates, and mortality rates, as well as increases in homeownership, health insurance rates, and occupational prestige. We compare the effects of defense spending with the effects of general demand shocks and explore reasons for the differential effects of the shocks. JEL:
A Precision Measurement of the Spin Structure of the Proton at SLAC

E143 at SLAC Endstation A performed deep-inelastic scattering measurements of polarized electrons from polarized protons and deuterons within cryogenic {sup 15}NH{sub 3} and {sup 15}ND{sub 3}, respectively. Data were taken at incident energies of 29.1, 16.2 and 9.7 GeV, and covered the kinematical range x > 0:03 and 0:3 1 (GeV/c){sup 2}, validating the assumption of no Q{sup 2}-dependence used in obtaining the integrals. A small rise with increasing Q{sup 2} was seen in the ratio for Q{sup 2} < 1 (GeV/c){sup 2}, however. The total quark contribution to the spin was found to be {Delta}q = 0.28 {+-} 0.09 for the proton, and {Delta}q = 0.32 {+-} 0.05 for the deuteron. Furthermore, a large negative spin contribution from the strange sea quarks was measured for both nucleons, giving {Delta}s = 0.10 {+-} 0.03 and {Delta}s = -0.09 {+-} 0.02 for the proton and deuteron respectively, in contradiction to the Ellis-Jaffe assumption of no polarized strange sea. « less
Two new young, wide, magnetic + non-magnetic double-degenerate binary systems

We report the discovery of two, new, rare, wide, double-degenerate binaries that each contain a magnetic and a non-magnetic star. The components of SDSS J092646.88+132134.5 + J092647.00+132138.4 and of SDSS J150746.48+521002.1 + J150746.80+520958.0 have angular separations of only 4.6 arcsec ( a ∼ 650 au) and 5.1 arcsec ( a ∼ 750 au), respectively. They also appear to share common proper motions. Follow-up optical spectroscopy has revealed each system to consist of a DA and a H-rich high-field magnetic white dwarf (HFMWD). Our measurements of the effective temperatures and the surface gravities of the DA components reveal both to have larger masses than is typical of field white dwarfs. By assuming that these degenerates have evolved essentially as single stars, owing to their wide orbital separations, we can use them to place limits on the total ages of the stellar systems. These suggest that in each case the HFMWD is probably associated with an early-type progenitor (M init > 2 M⊙). We find that the cooling time of SDSS J150746.80+520958.0 (DAH) is lower than might be expected had it followed the evolutionary path of a typical single star. This mild discord is in the same sense as that observed for two of the small number of other HFMWDs for which progenitor mass estimates have been made, RE J0317-853 and EG 59. The mass of the other DAH, SDSS J092646.88+132134.5, appears to be smaller than expected on the basis of single-star evolution. If this object was/is a member of a hierarchical triple system it may have experienced greater mass loss during an earlier phase of its life as a result of its having a close companion. The large uncertainties on our estimates of the parameters of the HFMWDs suggest that a larger sample of these objects is required to firmly identify any trends in their inferred cooling times and progenitor masses. This should shed further light on their formation and on the impact magnetic fields have on the late stages of stellar evolution. To serve as a starting point, we highlight two further candidate young, wide magnetic + non-magnetic double-degenerate systems within SDSS, CBS 229 and SDSS J074853.07+302543.5 + J074852.95+302543.4, which should be subjected to detailed (resolved) spectroscopic follow-up studies.
The Relationship between Institutional Pressure, Green Entrepreneurial Orientation, and Entrepreneurial Performance—The Moderating Effect of Network Centrality

Most research on institutional pressure focuses on mature enterprises. However, compared with mature enterprises, new ventures are more sensitive to institutional pressure due to their lack of legitimacy. Based on the theoretical path of “environment–strategy–performance”, this study investigated the influence of institutional pressure on entrepreneurial performance as well as the mediating role of green entrepreneurial orientation and the moderating role of network centrality. An empirical analysis based on 288 survey samples from China showed the following: coercive pressure has not only a direct positive impact but also an indirect positive impact on entrepreneurial performance through green entrepreneurial orientation; normative pressure and mimetic pressure positively affect entrepreneurial performance through green entrepreneurial orientation; green entrepreneurial orientation has a positive impact on entrepreneurial performance; network centrality positively regulates the relationships between coercive pressure, mimetic pressure, normative pressure and green entrepreneurial orientation. The paper concluded by highlighting the importance of the conclusions for new ventures to improve their performance as well as for policy makers to optimize the institutional environment for entrepreneurship.