Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Autochthonous Nepalese Fruits on Nutrient Degradation, Fermentation Kinetics, Total Gas Production, and Methane Production in In-Vitro Rumen Fermentation

Simple Summary Autochthonous fruits with naturally active chemicals such as polyphenols and tannins have been used in animal feeds to cure animal diseases due to their beneficial effects. This study aims to determine the effect of autochthonous Nepalese fruits on nutrient degradation, fermentation kinetics, total gas production, and methane production in in-vitro rumen fermentation. We found that the addition of Nepalese autochthonous fruits increases total fatty acid concentration and decreases methane production with increasing doses. Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the effect of autochthonous Nepalese fruits on nutrient degradation, fermentation kinetics, total gas production, and methane production in in-vitro rumen fermentation. The fruits of Terminalia chebula (HA), Terminalia bellirica (BA), and Triphala churna (TC), a commercial mixture with equal parts (33.3% DM basis) of Phyllanthus emblica, Terminalia bellirica, and Terminalia chebula, were used. These were tested at three inclusion levels of 20% 40% and 100% of the total sample (as dry matter) in maize silage (MS). MS was used as a control (0% additive). These 10 treatments were tested for two 48-h incubations with quadruplicate samples using rumen fluid from 2 heifers. Total gas production (TGP: mL at standard temperature and pressure (STP)/g DM), methane production (expressed as % and mL/g DM), and volatile fatty acids were determined. After incubations, the filtrate was used to measure pH and volatile fatty acids (VFA), while the residue was used to measure degraded dry matter (dDM) and calculate the partitioning factor (PF48) and theoretical short-chain fatty acid concentration (tVFA). Rumen fluid pH linearly (p < 0.01) decreased in all treatments with increasing dose during fermentation. The CH4% was less in all three treatments with 100% autochthonous plants than in control, but there were no significant linear or quadratic effects for increasing BA, HA, and TC doses. The PF48 increased for all treatments with a significant linear and quadratic effect (p < 0.05) of increasing dose. Compared to MS, the inclusion of autochthonous plants increased the total volatile fatty acids, with no significant dose effects. The tVFA linearly decreased (p > 0.05) with an increasing dose of BA and HA. All treatments showed quadratic effects on tVFA (p < 0.05) with increasing dose. Increasing TC dose linearly (p < 0.05) and quadratically (p < 0.05) increased total VFA, while increasing HA dose had only a quadratic (p < 0.05) effect on total VFA. All treatments reduced total gas production (TGP) and methane concentration (CH4%) when compared to MS. The tested autochthonous fruits can be used as additives with a basal feed diet to reduce enteric methane emissions. The most effective anti-methanogenic treatment was 40% HA, which resulted in 18% methane reduction.
A Review on the Progress and Future of TiO2/Graphene Photocatalysts

TiO2 is seen as a low cost, well-known photocatalyst; nevertheless, its sluggish charge kinetics does limit its applications. To overcome this aspect, one of the recent approaches is the use of its composites with graphene to enhance its photoactivity. Graphene-based materials (nanosheets, quantum dots, etc.) allow for attachment with TiO2 nanostructures, resulting in synergistic properties and thus increasing the functionality of the resulting composite. The current review aims to present the marked progress recently achieved in the use of TiO2/graphene composites in the field of photocatalysis. In this respect, we highlight the progress and insights in TiO2 and graphene composites in photocatalysis, including the basic mechanism of photocatalysis, the possible design strategies of the composites and an overview of how to characterize the graphene in the mixed composites. The use of composites in photocatalysis has also been reviewed, in which the recent literature has opened up more questions related to the reliability, potential, repeatability and connection of photocatalytic mechanisms with the resulting composites. TiO2/graphene-based composites can be a green light in the future of photocatalysis, targeting pollution remediation, energy generation, etc.
Microservice Interaction Prediction in Communication Platform as a Service

In telecommunication platforms, it is necessary to monitor the system, take quick action against possible and observed errors, and ensure the continuous operability of the system. However, debugging and problem addressing processes can take a long time in microservice architecture-based platforms with high number of users and heavy traffic. This difficulty arises from the necessity of detecting microservice interactions. In the first phase of this study, it has been observed that providing microservice flows and interactions saves operational teams a significant time during the debugging process. In this scope, different machine learning-based models that predict microservice interactions have been developed and performances are compared. In these models, log patterns are extracted on microservice log data and the interaction map of the mentioned microservice is created by estimating the previous and next microservices that the current microservice interacts with at a certain moment. In the experiments on microservice logs working with the basic call scenario, successful estimation results were obtained that could contribute positively to the debugging process.
Impacts of Low Oxygen on Marine Life: Neglected, but a Crucial Priority for Research

Global ocean O2 content has varied significantly across the eons, both shaping and being shaped by the evolutionary history of life on planet Earth. Indeed, past O2 fluctuations have been associated with major extinctions and the reorganization of marine biota. Moreover, its most recent iteration—now anthropogenically driven—represents one of the most prominent challenges for both marine ecosystems and human societies, with ocean deoxygenation being regarded as one of the main drivers of global biodiversity loss. Yet ocean deoxygenation has received far less attention than concurrent environmental variables of marine climate change, namely, ocean warming and acidification, particularly in the field of experimental marine ecology. Together with the lack of consistent criteria defining gradual and acute changes in O2 content, a general lack of multifactorial studies featuring all three drivers and their interactions prevents an adequate interpretation of the potential effects of extreme and gradual deoxygenation. We present a comprehensive overview of the interplay between O2 and marine life across space and time and discuss the current knowledge gaps and future steps for deoxygenation research. This work may also contribute to the ongoing call for an integrative perspective on the combined effects of these three drivers of change for marine organisms and ecosystems worldwide.
Performance Analysis of Millimeter-Wave Hybrid Satellite-Terrestrial Relay Networks Over Rain Fading Channel

The integration of high throughput satellite into Internet of Things (IoT) is regarded as an effective strategy to provide ubiquitous broadband access in a seamless, cost-efficient manner. Meanwhile, due to the demand of machine-to-machine (M2M) high throughput services, millimeter-wave (mmWave) IoT networks arouses huge interest. In this paper, we investigate the performance of an amplify-and-forward (AF) mmWave hybrid satellite-terrestrial relay networks (HSTRN) for IoT broadband communications, where we assume source-relay link undergos Shadowed-Rician fading and the relay-destination link undergos Rayleigh fading. Considering rain attenuation is the main factor at mmWave bands, we utilize the multidimensional rain attenuation model to analyze the effect of rain attenuation on system performance. Then we derive the closed-form expression of outage probability and tight approximation of ergodic capacity. Finally, numerical and simulation results are provided to validate our analytical results and show the effect of rain attenuation on the system performance.
Mechanical Properties of Lightweight Foamed Concrete Modified with Magnetite (Fe3O4) Nanoparticles

The advancement in sustainable construction has stimulated wide-ranging investigation of construction materials and practices globally. With exceptional thermal properties, fire resistance performance, excellent strength, and outstanding durability, concrete is the utmost extensively utilized construction material around the world. Taking into consideration the quantity of concrete necessary for numerous constructions works, improving concrete sustainability would be an extremely attractive potential. Lightweight foamed concrete (LFC) is tremendously permeable, and its mechanical properties weaken with a growth in the volume of voids. Air-void segregation from solid cement phases by means of aging, drainage, and merging of voids can trigger and reduce the stability and consistency of the emitted pores, making the LFC less reliable for main utilization in load-bearing components and structural elements. In turn, to augment LFC mechanical properties, the LFC cementitious matrix can be adjusted by adding various nanoparticles. The influence of magnetite nanoparticles (MNP) in LFC was not examined in the past; hence, there is some vagueness considering the mechanism to which level the MNP can affect the LFC mechanical properties. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the influences of MNP on the compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural LFC of 1000 kg/m3 density. Six MNP weight fractions of 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20%, 0.25%, 0.30%, and 0.35% were considered. The parameters accessed were compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strengths. The correlation between strength parameters was established as well. The results indicated that a 0.25% weight fraction of MNP gave the best performance in terms of compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths. The presence of MNP in the LFC matrix enhances the viscosity and yield stress of the mixture as well as an augmented utilization of LFC cementitious binder content, which can sustain the integrity of the wet networks hence preventing further amalgamation and aging of the voids.
Investigation on Torque Sharing Function for Torque Ripple Minimization of Switched Reluctance Motor: A Flower Pollination Algorithm Based Approach

ABSTRACT Switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive has outstanding features like robust construction, double saliency, fault tolerance capability, and heat withstanding capability. Despite these, torque ripple is an intrinsic characteristic of SRM because of double salient geometry, air gap length, and switching sequence of motor phase currents, making it unsuitable for slick torque and high dynamic performances applications. This paper discusses the novel Torque Sharing Function (TSF) implementation and the flower pollination algorithm-based intelligent controller to minimize the torque ripples in Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM). TSF values depend on commutation angles during turn on, turn off, and overlapping angles. The proposed TSF and flower pollination algorithm evaluates the performance parameters using the machine model and controls the torque ripples for a wide range of speeds. Additionally, optimal results are obtained using three TSFs functions with valuable guidance provided for TSF selection. The proposed TSF with flower pollination algorithm-based intelligent controller finds its suitability for online evaluation of optimal turn on, turn off, and overlapping angles. The performance of the proposed method has effectively reduced the torque ripple in SRM than the Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm.
Algorithms and lower bounds for testing properties of structured distributions

In this doctoral thesis we consider various property testing problems for structured distributions. A distribution is said to be structured if it belongs to a certain class which can be simply described in approximation terms. Such distributions often arise in practice, e.g. log-concave distributions, easily approximated by polynomials (see [Bir87a]), often appear in econometric research. For structured distributions, testing a property often requires far less samples than for general unrestricted distributions. In this thesis we prove that this is indeed the case for several distance-related properties. Namely, we give explicit sub-linear time algorithms for L1 and L2 distance testing between two structured distributions for the cases when either one or both of them are available as a “black box”. We also prove that the given algorithms have the best possible asymptotic complexity by proving matching lower bounds in the form of explicit problem instances (albeit constructed using randomized techniques) demanding at least a specified amount of data to be tested successfully. As the main numerical result, we prove that testing that total variation distance to an explicitly given distribution is at least ε requires O (√ k ε2 ) samples, where k is an approximation parameter, dependent on the class of distribution being tested and independent of the support size. Testing that the total variation distance between two “black box” distributions is at least ε requires O ( k4/5 ε6/5 ) . In some cases, when k ∼ n, this result may be worse than using an unrestricted testing algorithm (which requires O(n 2/3 ε2 ) samples where n is the domain size). To address this issue, we develop a third algorithm, which requires O ( k2/3 ε4/3 log (k ) log log( n k ) ) and serves as a bridge between the cases of small and large domain sizes.
Use of social networking site and mental disorders among medical students in Kolkata, West Bengal

Indian Journal of Psychiatry Volume 61, Issue 2, March-April 2019 222 networking site and mental disorders among medical students in Kolkata, West Bengal. Indian J Psychiatry 2018;60:340-5. 2. Prasad S, Harshe D, Kaur N, Jangannavar S, Srivastava A, Achanta U, et al. A study of magnitude and psychological correlates of smartphone use in medical students: A Pilot study with a novel telemetric approach. Indian J Psychol Med 2018;40:468-75. 3. Seabrook EM, Kern ML, Rickard NS. Social networking sites, depression, and anxiety: A Systematic review. JMIR Ment Health 2016;3:e50. 4. Csikszentmihalyi M, Larson R. Validity and reliability of the experience-sampling method. J Nerv Ment Dis 1987;175:526-36. Affordable and cheap application of ESM is possible through various usage-tracking apps and SNS-driven data (Likes, Comments, Shares, words and language, etc.) that provide more actual data than that of self-reporting. Seabrook et al. observed that realistic mental health status of SNS users is partly derivable from their patterns of use, language expressions, and profile information (WhatsApp status etc.). Such data also have the potential to identify the levels of severity of depressed and anxious moods, along with their sensitive monitoring of symptoms. Hence, they can provide alternatives to depression and anxiety inventories too. This makes them more widely applicable to prevent the distress of mental disorders by early identification.
New remote sensing image fusion for exploring spatiotemporal evolution of urban land use and land cover

Abstract. An evaluation of land use and cover change is a vital component of any study into climate change, ecological evolution, and human civilization’s long-term growth. Remote sensing image data-based land use and cover change (LUCC) research has become an essential and frequently utilized approach. Given the scarcity of high spatial resolution imagery in urban remote sensing, as well as the low accuracy and efficiency of urban land use classification, a new satellite image fusion methodology defined as nonshear wave transformation, a pulse linked neural network, and intensity–hue–saturation theory are suggested. From 2000 to 2020, the upgraded convolutional neural network approach is used to classify fused pictures and perform an in-depth investigation of the spatiotemporal evolution features of urban LUCC in Zhengzhou, Henan, China. According to the findings, the extent of urbanized land in Zhengzhou has expanded dramatically during the last 20 years. The share of urbanized land has risen from 9% in 2000 to 22% by 2020. The comprehensive dynamic degree and single dynamic grade of land use display varied features in different areas and counties; the comprehensive index of the extent of land use demonstrates more evident regional disparities. The research findings can expose the man-land system’s inherent conflicting interaction mechanism and give data to promote urban-related research.
The role of men in antenatal care and preventing HIV transmission from mothers to infants in Gambella region, Ethiopia

Prevention of vertical transmission of HIV has evolved over the past two decades. Although public health agencies advocate for male involvement in such interventions, their role in the prevention of vertical transmission of HIV remains limited. This study aims to explore the role of men in antenatal care and prevention of vertical transmission of HIV in the Gambella region of Ethiopia. The study was conducted among the Nuer and Anuak communities in Gambella region. Participants included female antenatal care attendees at two health centers, men who were husbands, local health extension workers of the catchment villages, and health care providers and managers. Data were collected using focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, and key informant interviews. Recordings were transcribed, coded, and analysed using thematic approaches. MAXQDA version 11 was used to facilitate data organization and reduction. Findings showed that men in Gambella are not expected to accompany their wives to health facilities or encourage them to visit the facilities in connection to pregnancy. Participants reported that men rarely visit health facilities with their partners, and they are largely unaware of the connection between antenatal care during pregnancy and prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV. Participants indicated that women’s attendance at health facilities during pregnancy is not a common practice, and if they do visit them in connection to pregnancy there may be suspicion she has HIV. In this cultural context, men do not have a role in the health care of their wives during pregnancy. Men’s engagement may be further lessened by the common perception that visiting a health facility in connection to pregnancy is associated with HIV.
Liposome Assisted Drug Delivery: An Updated Review

After extensive work spanning more than half a century, liposomes have crossed the chasm and emerged as a prominent candidate in mainstream drug delivery. Post the historic launch of the first liposome-based drug, it is in the last three decades when liposome technology has slowly transformed from a research apparatus to a versatile drug carrier system influencing many biomedical areas. Liposomes have the ability to deliver a drug to a target site with the least amount of systemic toxicity by overcoming hurdles of cellular and tissue uptake, stabilizing therapeutic compounds, and improving biodistribution. They have been investigated for diverse applications such as treatment of cancer, delivery of gene and vaccine, treatment of lung and skin diseases, treatment of tumours, and imaging tumours at the site of infection. They are leading present-day smart delivery systems due to their flexible biophysical and physicochemical properties, which permit easy control to address different delivery concerns. This review will discuss various advances and updates in liposome-assisted drug delivery and the current clinical use of liposomes for biomedical applications.
Abstract or Full-text in Topic Modeling?

Topic modeling is a text mining technique used for automatic extraction of topics addressed in document collections. Although there are different topic models proposed by researchers, the most preferred one is Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). Despite such widespread use, uncertainties about LDA have not been fully resolved yet. In this study, the effect of using abstracts or full-text articles on LDA model parameters is investigated. For this purpose, LDA parameters are optimized on abstracts and full-texts of articles published in two different scientific journals and the results obtained are compared with each other.
Young adults' beliefs about modern oral nicotine products: Implications for uptake in nonvapers, dual use with e-cigarettes, and use to reduce/quit vaping.

Modern oral nicotine products (ONPs; nontherapeutic nicotine pouches, gums, lozenges, and gummies) may be perceived in ways that could promote uptake in nonvapers, dual use with e-cigarettes, or use to quit vaping. In this cross-sectional digital remote survey of 1,460 respondents aged 21-24 from Southern California, we examined beliefs about ONPs among past-30-day e-cigarette nonusers, users unmotivated to quit vaping, and users motivated to quit vaping. Positive beliefs about ONPs were reported by 31.8% of the overall sample and higher in past-30-day e-cigarette users (with or without quit motivation) than nonusers. Perceiving ONPs to be easy to conceal, convenient, and able to be used where vaping/smoking is not allowed were the most common types of beliefs reported. Among e-cigarette users with quit motivation (n = 142), interest in using ONPs to quit/reduce vaping (44.4%) was higher than interest in using medicinal nicotine gum/lozenges (23.4%), nicotine patch (17.6%), or prescription medications (16.6%). Interest in using ONPs to reduce/quit vaping (vs. no interest) was greater among participants who reported vaping ≥ 20 (vs. < 10) days in the past month, vaping ≥ 10 (vs. < 10) times per day, low/moderate (vs. high) quit vaping self-efficacy, and low/moderate (vs. high) desire to quit vaping. These findings suggest that: (a) appreciable subsets of the young adult population may hold positive beliefs about ONPs that could promote ONP uptake, particularly e-cigarette users and (b) some young adult e-cigarette users may be interested in using ONPs to reduce/quit vaping, particularly frequent vapers with relatively lower self-efficacy and desire to quit vaping. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
ARGUMENTAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA COMO FERRAMENTA CULTURAL NA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DOCENTE

A argumentação científica é um importante saber docente na formação inicial de professores de química. Neste artigo apresentamos dados coletados com licenciandos em química de uma universidade pública do interior do estado de São Paulo que mostram importantes aspectos sobre a elaboração de significados com a argumentação científica. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de questionário e entrevistas com os participantes um ano após entrarem em contato com o tema e antes de sua retomada e aplicação nos estágios curriculares supervisionados. Organizamos os dados com base na Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD) utilizando como categorias a priori as concepções de Toulmin (TAP). Na análise dos resultados, partimos das concepções socioculturais de domínio de ferramentas culturais. Os dados evidenciaram a possibilidade de os licenciandos apresentarem domínio da TAP na resolução de atividades teóricas argumentativas e, ao mesmo tempo, não manifestarem domínio dos aspectos teóricos da TAP. Nossos dados também confirmam outros elementos já presentes na literatura, como a importância de a TAP estar ligada a conteúdos científicos e também a melhoria dos resultados quando estudantes elaboram de forma oral seus argumentos em comparação aos argumentos por escrito.