Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of ncRNAs in Cardiac Infarction and Regeneration

Myocardial infarction is the most prevalent cardiovascular disease worldwide, and it is defined as cardiomyocyte cell death due to a lack of oxygen supply. Such a temporary absence of oxygen supply, or ischemia, leads to extensive cardiomyocyte cell death in the affected myocardium. Notably, reactive oxygen species are generated during the reperfusion process, driving a novel wave of cell death. Consequently, the inflammatory process starts, followed by fibrotic scar formation. Limiting inflammation and resolving the fibrotic scar are essential biological processes with respect to providing a favorable environment for cardiac regeneration that is only achieved in a limited number of species. Distinct inductive signals and transcriptional regulatory factors are key components that modulate cardiac injury and regeneration. Over the last decade, the impact of non-coding RNAs has begun to be addressed in many cellular and pathological processes including myocardial infarction and regeneration. Herein, we provide a state-of-the-art review of the current functional role of diverse non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), in different biological processes involved in cardiac injury as well as in distinct experimental models of cardiac regeneration.
The 1983 and 1985 Anomalies in Ozone Distribution in Perspective

Abstract Studies of the amount of total ozone at many observatories show that the negative 1983 deviation from the long-term average exceeded 2σ, and was the greatest in magnitude for an annual deviation in their entire record. , the total ozone in December 1982 and first few months of 1983 decreased by more than 10% below its normal amount. Only during late 1983 did the total ozone recover to near normal values. It remained close to normal during most of 1984 but decreased sharply again in February–April in the Northern Hemisphere, and in June–September 1985 in the Southern Hemisphere. Only toward the end of 1985 and in 1986 did the total ozone recover to its long-term average amount. These ozone changes are confirmed by satellite observations to be truly global events, although with some time lag between different latitudes. The 1983 and 1995 changes in total ozone are also examined by analyzing the deviations of ozone partial pressure at different altitudes. This analysis reveals the times and the layer.
Investigating the growth of carbon traces in cardboard in oil-paper insulation

A large amount of contaminants are collected on the cardboard surface of the valve-side bushing outlet of a converter transformer that has been operating for a long period, and can cause the performance of the oil–paper insulation to degrade. The analysis of their energy spectrum has shown that these contaminants contain free carbon. To investigate causes of the formation of these carbon traces, the authors of this study analyze their law of growth on the surface of the insulating paper in the presence of pure insulating oil and insulating oil containing carbon particles. We examined the influence of carbon tracks of different lengths on the breakdown voltage along the surface of the oil–paper insulation. The results showed that carbonization on the surface of the insulating paper generated carbon traces in pure insulating oil and eventually led to the formation of conductive channels. Moreover, carbon traces were generated by carbon particles deposited on the surface of the insulating paper in insulating oil containing carbon particles. The carbon traces grew from the high-voltage electrode to the ground electrode along the direction of the electric field in both types of oils. The formation of the conductive channel through the poles of the paper in insulating oil containing carbon particles required a lower voltage and a shorter discharge time than that in pure insulating oil. As the concentration of the carbon particles increased, the rate of growth of carbon traces on the surface of the insulating paper increased such that the oil–paper insulation failed earlier than otherwise. Long carbon traces were formed on the surface of the insulating paper in case of a high concentration of carbon particles under the DC pre-pressure mode, and this led to a reduction in the breakdown voltage along the surface of the oil–paper insulation.
Multiscale Characteristics of Surface Winds in an Area of Complex Terrain in Northwest Utah

AbstractClimatological features of the surface wind on diurnal and seasonal time scales over a 17-yr period in an area of complex terrain at Dugway Proving Ground in northwestern Utah are analyzed, and potential synoptic-scale, mesoscale, and microscale forcings on the surface wind are identified. Analysis of the wind climatology at 26 automated weather stations revealed a bimodal wind direction distribution at times when thermally driven circulations were expected to produce a single primary direction. The two modes of this distribution are referred to as the “northerly” and “southerly” regimes. The northerly regime is most frequent in May, and the southerly regime is most frequent in August. January, May, and August constitute a “tripole seasonality” of the wind evolution. Although both regimes occur in all months, the monthly changes in regime frequency are related to changes in synoptic and mesoscale phenomena including the climatological position of the primary synoptic baroclinic zone in the western.
A cyber physical production system framework for online monitoring, visualization and control by using cloud, fog, and edge computing technologies

ABSTRACT Cyber physical production system (CPPS) is an essential prerequisite to facilitate online monitoring, visualization, and control in a smart manufacturing system. The goal of this paper is to provide a proof of concept by proposing a CPPS framework, based on complementing cloud, fog and edge computing technologies, to demonstrate the real-time online monitoring, visualization, and control of a conventional 3D printer. The proposed methodology was successfully used for online detection and control of part defects, filament runouts, and smoke generation. The proposed methodology was also used to acquire, monitor, and visualize energy consumption, relative humidity, temperature, volatile organic compounds, particulate matters, and acceleration during 3D printing. The present work utilizes the computing technologies where they do not compete, but instead complement each other to enable intelligent capabilities and online sharing of resources which are scalable, reliable, and efficient. The proposed CPPS framework can be extended to provide low-cost solutions to micro, small and medium enterprises to convert their traditional critical equipment for real-time monitoring, visualization, control, and analytics.
Identification of the Most Important Medicinal Plants Used for Wound Healing: An Ethnobotanical Study of Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Southeastern Iran

Introduction: Skin damage is a serious problem that has attracted remarkable attention. Recently, the healing of wounds has become a serious problem. Hence, the aim of this study was to conduct an ethnobotanical study about medicinal plants used for the healing of wounds in Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Southeastern Iran. Methods: This study was performed in Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Southeastern Iran. Ethnobotanical information was collected through interviews and questionnaires among 20 traditional healers. Demographic information was also obtained from traditional healers. The data were analyzed by Excel. Results: Eleven medicinal plants from nine families were used for wound healing. The medicinal plants from the Fabaceae family (Alhagi persarum Boiss. & Buhse. and Medicago sativa L.) had the most application for wound healing. It has been observed that topical administration was the most important type of preparation method for the used medicinal plants. According to the new results, most plant families belong to Zygophyllaceae and Fabaceae. The most used plant organ was the leaf (53%) and the most used method was as topically. Conclusion: The mentioned medicinal plants showed wound-healing effects. Further research is needed for the suitable application of these plants and their phytochemical constituents in the medical and pharmaceutical industries.
Mind change optimal learning: theory and applications

Learning theories play a significant role to machine learning as computability and complexity theories to software engineering. Gold's language learning paradigm is one cornerstone of modern learning theories. The aim of this thesis is to establish an inductive principle in Gold's language learning paradigm to guide the design of machine learning algorithms. We follow the common practice of using the number of mind changes to measure complexity of Gold's language learning problems, and study efficient learning with respect to mind changes. Our starting point is the idea that a learner that is efficient with respect to mind changes minimizes mind changes not only globally in the entire learning problem, but also locally in subproblems after receiving some evidence. Formalizing this idea leads to the notion of mind change optimality. We characterize mind change complexity of language collections with Cantor's classic concept of accumulation order. We show that the characteristic property of mind change optimal learners is that they output conjectures (languages) with maximal accumulation order. Therefore, we obtain an inductive principle in Gold's language learning paradigm based on the simple topological concept accumulation order. The new inductive principle enables the analysis of the practical problem of learning Bayes net structure in the rich theoretical framework of Gold's learning paradigm. Bayes net is one of the most prominent formalisms for knowledge representation and probabilistic and causal reasoning. Applying the inductive principle of mind change optimality leads to a unique fastest mind change optimal Bayes net learner. This learner conjectures a graph if it is a unique minimal "independence map", and outputs "no guess" otherwise. As exact implementation of the fast, mind change optimal learner for learning Bayes net structure is NP-hard, mind change optimality can be approximated with a hybrid criterion for learning Bayes net structure. The criterion combines search based on a scoring function with information from statistical tests. We show how to adapt local search algorithms to incorporate the new criterion. Simulation studies provide evidence that one such new algorithm leads to substantially improved structure on small to medium samples. Keywords: Learning theory, inductive inference, mind change, accumulation order, inductive principle, Bayes net, conditional independence, constraint-based learning, score-based learning
Localization: theory and experiment

The transport properties of disordered solids have been the subject of much work since at least the 1950s, but with a new burst of activity during the 1980s which has survived up to the present day. There have been numerous reviews of a more or less specialized nature. The present review aims to fill the niche for a non-specialized review of this very active area of research. The basic concepts behind the theory are introduced with more detailed sections covering experimental results, one-dimensional localization, scaling theory, weak localization, magnetic field effects and fluctuations.
Spider‐Inspired, Fully 3D‐Printed Micro‐Hydraulics for Tiny, Soft Robotics

Many arachnids use internal hemolymph pressure to actuate extension in their leg joints. The inherent large foot displacement‐to‐body length ratio that arachnids can achieve through hydraulics relative to muscle‐based actuators is both energy and volumetrically efficient. Until recent advances in nano/microscale 3D printing with two‐photon polymerization (2PP), the physical realization of synthetic complex ‘soft’ joints would have been impossible to replicate and fill with a hydraulic fluid into a sealed sub‐millimeter system. Inspired by nature, the smallest scale 3D‐printed hydraulic actuator (4.9 × 10−4 mm3) by more than an order of magnitude is demonstrated. The use of stiff 2PP polymers with micron‐scale dimensions enable compliant membranes similar to exoskeletons seen in nature without the requirement for low‐modulus materials. The bio‐inspired system is designed to mimic similar hydraulic pressure‐activated mechanisms in arachnid joints utilized for large displacement motions relative to body length. Using variations on this actuator design, the ability to transmit forces with relatively large magnitudes (milliNewtons) in 3D space is demonstrated, as well as the ability to direct motion that is useful towards microrobotics and medical applications. Microscale hydraulic actuation provides a promising approach toward the transmission of large forces and 3D motions at small scales, previously unattainable in wafer‐level 2D microelecromechanical systems (MEMS).
Evolution of interplanetary coronal mass ejections and magnetic clouds in the heliosphere

Abstract Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections (ICMEs), and more specifically Magnetic Clouds (MCs), are detected with in situ plasma and magnetic measurements. They are the continuation of the CMEs observed with imagers closer to the Sun. A review of their properties is presented with a focus on their magnetic configuration and its evolution. Many recent observations, both in situ and with imagers, point to a key role of flux ropes, a conclusion which is also supported by present coronal eruptive models. Then, is a flux rope generically present in an ICME? How to quantify its 3D physical properties when it is detected locally as a MC? Is it a simple flux rope? How does it evolve in the solar wind? This paper reviews our present answers and limited understanding to these questions.
Cascade Genetic Risk Education and Testing in Families With Hereditary Cancer Syndromes: A Pilot Study

PURPOSE: Cascade genetic risk evaluation in families with hereditary cancer can reduce the burden of disease but the rate of germline genetic testing in relatives of patients at risk is low. METHODS: We identified all 277 women diagnosed with breast cancer in Georgia in 2017 who linked to a clinically actionable germline pathogenic variant through a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry-variant linkage initiative. We surveyed them, and then invited eligible respondents to an online platform hosted by a navigator that offered cancer genetic risk education and germline genetic testing to untested relatives. We randomly assigned patient-family clusters at the time of the patient enrollment offer to free versus $50 (USD) test cost. Patients invited relatives to join the study through personalized e-mail. Enrolled relatives received online cancer genetic education and the opportunity to order clinical germline genetic testing through the platform. The primary outcome was the number of relatives who ordered genetic testing. RESULTS: One hundred twenty-five of 277 patients completed surveys (45.2%). Most respondents were eligible for the trial offer (113 of 125; 90.4%). In the free testing arm, 20 of 56 eligible patients participated (35.7% of eligible respondents) and they invited 28 relatives: 12 relatives enrolled and 10 ordered testing. In the $50 (USD) arm, 16 of 57 eligible patients participated (28.1%) and they invited 38 relatives: 18 relatives enrolled and 17 ordered testing. CONCLUSION: Cascade genetic testing in families with hereditary cancer syndromes accrued through a population-based cancer registry can be achieved through an online platform that offers genetic risk education and low-cost testing to relatives. A modest charge did not appear to influence the percentage of participating patients, numbers of participating relatives, and numbers of relatives who received genetic testing.
Inviscid quasi-geostrophic flow over topography: testing statistical mechanical theory

Numerical simulations are employed in a detailed test of the statistical mechanical description of topographic turbulence. Predictions of steady flows correlated with topography are given particular attention. Agreement between numerical and statistical mechanical results is demonstrated for a large range of parameter values, and over an ensemble of random choices of topography and initial conditions.
Cytokine modulation in abdominal septic shock via the crucial role of IL-6 signaling in endothelial dysfunction

Background Early recovery from shock improves prognosis in septic shock patients. We determined whether cytokine modulation by Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) following acute care surgery resulted in stable hemodynamics in them. To investigate our hypothesis, we measured proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1ra and the coagulation cascade activator plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) following CRRT with polymyxin B immobilized fiber (PMX-DHP) which has been utilized as an adjuvant treatment option for patients with severe septic shock. Methods 66 septic shock patients requiring 2 h direct hemoperfusion therapy PMX-DHP were included. 36 patients of them also received continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF) after performing PMX-DHP. Circulatory dynamics and levels of inflammatory mediators, namely IL-6, IL-1ra, and PAI-1 were assessed before, immediately after, and 24 h initiation of PMX-DHP. Results Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) rose intentionally by PMX-DHP just after enforcement 24 h later (p < 0.01). Levels of IL-6, IL-1ra, and PAI-1 significantly decreased after PMX-DHP (p < 0.05) and this trend was observed up to 24 h post initiation of PMX-DHP (p < 0.05). IL-6 modulation by PMX-DHP was enhanced with using CHDF and there was a significant correlation between IL-6 and MAP (p < 0.0001). In addition, levels of Il-6 and PAI-1 showed a significant correlation. Conclusion Our data showed employing CRRT as cytokine modulators could be an additional therapeutic strategy to improve septic shock outcomes via the crucial role of IL-6 signaling in endothelial dysfunction.
Development of Artificial Skin Scaffold Using Electrospun Nano Fibres for Wound Healing

Native skin consists mainly of epidermal and dermal layers. An artificial skin scaffold has been constructed mimicking the bilayered structure of the native skin using electrospinning technique for wound healing. Polyurethane (PU) and Gelatin (Ge) were used for developing the epidermal layer and the dermal layer respectively. Ciprofloxacin HCl (Cip. HCl) a fluoroquinolone antibiotic was incorporated in both layers for rapid wound healing. Morphology of the skin scaffold was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis and the chemical characterization was performed using FTIR spectroscopy. Water vapor transmission rate test and oxygen transmission rate test was conducted to evaluate the barrier properties of the scaffold. Thermal stability of the skin scaffold was evaluated using DSC and TGA while an understanding of the exudate absorbing capacity and degradation behavior of the scaffold was obtained from water absorption studies and in vitro degradation studies respectively. In vitro drug release study and drug release kinetics was explored to understand the release mechanism of Cip. HCl from the scaffold. Both the layers showed nano and micropores when analyzed using SEM. The dermal layer showed comparatively more water absorption capacity and degradation, hence providing a moist environment for the wound. The skin scaffold was permeable to water vapor and oxygen, and hence will speed up the process of wound healing. In vitro release for Cip. HCl showed a non-Fickian swelling type release with zero-order kinetics. Disk diffusion test conducted on the bilayers proved the antibacterial activity of the membrane. Hence the electrospun PU-Ge skin scaffold containing Cip. HCl is a promising candidate among modern day wound healing materials.
Solar core rotation: low-degree solar p-mode rotational splitting results from BiSON

In a recent paper (Elsworth et al.), we presented rotational splitting measurements of low-degree, low-frequency solar p modes, which, for the first time, show visually well-separated components at frequencies as low as similar to 1.5 mHz. At the present time, these data appear to rule out a rapidly rotating solar core. Here, we expand our analysis of these data to a full discussion of the statistical properties of the measured splittings. We have considered two fully independent Fourier spectra, generated from Doppler velocity residuals collected by the six-station Birmingham Solar-Oscillations Network (BiSON) between 1992 January 1 and 1994 August 23 (Fourier spectra 16A and 16C from Elsworth et al.). We present formal uncertainties from maximum-likelihood fits to the mode multiplets, analyse and compare the statistical properties of the sets, and search for possible trends in the splitting measures with n.
Exploring Mission Design for Imaging Spectroscopy Retrievals for Land and Aquatic Ecosystems

The retrieval algorithms used for optical remote sensing satellite data to estimate Earth's geophysical properties have specific requirements for spatial resolution, temporal revisit, spectral range and resolution, and instrument signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) performance to meet biogeoscience objectives. Studies to estimate surface properties from hyperspectral data use a range of algorithms sensitive to various sources of spectroscopic uncertainty, which are in turn influenced by mission architecture choices. Retrieval algorithms vary across scientific fields and may be more or less sensitive to mission architecture choices that affect spectral, spatial, or temporal resolutions and spectrometer SNR. We used representative remote sensing algorithms across terrestrial and aquatic study domains to inform aspects of mission design that are most important for impacting accuracy in each scientific area. We simulated the propagation of uncertainties in the retrieval process including the effects of different instrument configuration choices. We found that retrieval accuracy and information content degrade consistently at >10 nm spectral resolution, >30 m spatial resolution, and >8‐day revisit. In these studies, the noise reduction associated with lower spatial resolution improved accuracy vis à vis high spatial resolution measurements. The interplay between spatial resolution, temporal revisit, and SNR can be quantitatively assessed for imaging spectroscopy missions and used to identify key components of algorithm performance and mission observing criteria.