Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Selected highlights from the study of mesons

We provide a brief review of recent progress in the study of mesons using QCD's Dyson-Schwinger equations. Along the way we touch on aspects of confinement and dynamical chiral symmetry breaking but in the main focus upon: exact results for pseudoscalar mesons, including aspects of the η-η' problem; a realisation that the so-called vacuum condensates are actually an intrinsic, localised property of hadrons; an essentially nonperturbative procedure for constructing a symmetry-preserving Bethe-Salpeter kernel, which has enabled a demonstration that dressed-quarks possess momentum-dependent anomalous chromo-and electromagnetic moments that are large at infrared momenta, and a resolution of a longstanding problem in understanding the mass-splitting between the ρ-and a1-mesons such that they are now readily seen to be parity partners in the meson spectrum; features of electromagnetic form factors connected with charged and neutral pions; and a computation and explanation of valence-quark distribution functions in pseudoscalar mesons. We argue that in solving QCD, a constructive feedback between theory and extant and forthcoming experiments will enable constraints to be placed on the infrared behaviour of QCD's β-function, the nonperturbative quantity at the core of hadron physics.
Dynamically electrical/thermal-tunable perfect absorber for a high-performance terahertz modulation.

We present a high-performance functional perfect absorber in a wide range of terahertz (THz) wave based on a hybrid structure of graphene and vanadium dioxide (VO2) resonators. Dynamically electrical and thermal tunable absorption is achieved due to the management on the resonant properties via the external surroundings. Multifunctional manipulations can be further realized within such absorber platform. For instance, a wide-frequency terahertz perfect absorber with the operation frequency range covering from 1.594 THz to 3.272 THz can be realized when the conductivity of VO2 is set to 100000 S/m (metal phase) and the Fermi level of graphene is 0.01 eV. The absorption can be dynamically changed from 0 to 99.98% and in verse by adjusting the conductivity of VO2. The impedance matching theory is introduced to analyze and elucidate the wideband absorption rate. In addition, the absorber can be changed from wideband absorption to dual-band absorption by adjusting the Fermi level of graphene from 0.01 eV to 0.7 eV when the conductivity of VO2 is fixed at 100000 S/m. Besides, the analysis of the chiral characteristics of the helical structure shows that the extinction cross-section has a circular dichroic response under the excitation of two different circularly polarized lights (CPL). Our study proposes approaches to manipulate the wide-band terahertz wave with multiple ways, paving the way for the development of technologies in the fields of switches, modulators, and imaging devices.
Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources for Inpatient Deterioration Detection With Time-Series Vital Signs: Design and Implementation Study

Background Vital signs have been widely adopted in in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) assessment, which plays an important role in inpatient deterioration detection. As the number of early warning systems and artificial intelligence applications increases, health care information exchange and interoperability are becoming more complex and difficult. Although Health Level 7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) have already developed a vital signs profile, it is not sufficient to support IHCA applications or machine learning–based models. Objective In this paper, for IHCA instances with vital signs, we define a new implementation guide that includes data mapping, a system architecture, a workflow, and FHIR applications. Methods We interviewed 10 experts regarding health care system integration and defined an implementation guide. We then developed the FHIR Extract Transform Load to map data to FHIR resources. We also integrated an early warning system and machine learning pipeline. Results The study data set includes electronic health records of adult inpatients who visited the En-Chu-Kong hospital. Medical staff regularly measured these vital signs at least 2 to 3 times per day during the day, night, and early morning. We used pseudonymization to protect patient privacy. Then, we converted the vital signs to FHIR observations in the JSON format using the FHIR Extract Transform Load application. The measured vital signs include systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and body temperature. According to clinical requirements, we also extracted the electronic health record information to the FHIR server. Finally, we integrated an early warning system and machine learning pipeline using the FHIR RESTful application programming interface. Conclusions We successfully demonstrated a process that standardizes health care information for inpatient deterioration detection using vital signs. Based on the FHIR definition, we also provided an implementation guide that includes data mapping, an integration process, and IHCA assessment using vital signs. We also proposed a clarifying system architecture and possible workflows. Based on FHIR, we integrated the 3 different systems in 1 dashboard system, which can effectively solve the complexity of the system in the medical staff workflow.
DIFFUSE EMISSION MEASUREMENT WITH THE SPECTROMETER ON INTEGRAL AS AN INDIRECT PROBE OF COSMIC-RAY ELECTRONS AND POSITRONS

Significant advances have been made in the understanding of the diffuse Galactic hard X-ray continuum emission using data from the INTEGRAL observatory. The diffuse hard power-law component seen with the SPectrometer on INTEGRAL (SPI) has been identified with inverse-Compton emission from relativistic (GeV) electrons on the cosmic microwave background and Galactic interstellar radiation field. In the present analysis, SPI data from 2003 to 2009, with a total exposure time of ∼108 s, are used to derive the Galactic ridge hard X-ray spatial distribution and spectrum between 20 keV and 2.4 MeV. Both are consistent with predictions from the GALPROP code. The good agreement between measured and predicted emission from keV to GeV energies suggests that the correct production mechanisms have been identified. We discuss the potential of the SPI data to provide an indirect probe of the interstellar cosmic-ray electron distribution, in particular for energies below a few GeV.
Measurement of $\sin^2\theta^{\rm lept}_{\rm eff}$ using $e^+e^-$ pairs from $\gamma^*/Z$ bosons produced in $p\bar{p}$ collisions at a center-of-momentum energy of 1.96 TeV

At the Fermilab Tevatron proton-antiproton ($p\bar{p}$) collider, Drell-Yan lepton pairs are produced in the process $p \bar{p} \rightarrow e^+e^- + X$ through an intermediate $\gamma^*/Z$ boson. The forward-backward asymmetry in the polar-angle distribution of the $e^-$ as a function of the $e^+e^-$-pair mass is used to obtain $\sin^2\theta^{\rm lept}_{\rm eff}$, the effective leptonic determination of the electroweak-mixing parameter $\sin^2\theta_W$. The measurement sample, recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF), corresponds to 9.4~fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity from $p\bar{p}$ collisions at a center-of-momentum energy of 1.96 TeV, and is the full CDF Run II data set. The value of $\sin^2\theta^{\rm lept}_{\rm eff}$ is found to be $0.23248 \pm 0.00053$. The combination with the previous CDF measurement based on $\mu^+\mu^-$ pairs yields $\sin^2\theta^{\rm lept}_{\rm eff} = 0.23221 \pm 0.00046$. This result, when interpreted within the specified context of the standard model assuming $\sin^2 \theta_W = 1 - M_W^2/M_Z^2$ and that the $W$- and $Z$-boson masses are on-shell, yields $\sin^2\theta_W = 0.22400 \pm 0.00045$, or equivalently a $W$-boson mass of $80.328 \pm 0.024 \;{\rm GeV}/c^2$.
ournal of C osmology and A stroparticle hysics Footprints of Loop I on Cosmic Microwave Background maps

Cosmology has made enormous progress through studies of the cosmic microwave background, however the subtle signals being now sought such as B -mode polarisation due to primordial gravitational waves are increasingly hard to disentangle from residual Galactic foregrounds in the derived CMB maps. We revisit our ﬁnding that on large angular scales there are traces of the nearby old supernova remnant Loop I in the WMAP 9-year map of the CMB and conﬁrm this with the new SMICA map from the Planck satellite.
From SL(5, ℝ) Yang–Mills theory to induced gravity

From pure Yang–Mills action for the SL(5, ℝ) group in four Euclidean dimensions we obtain a gravity theory in the first order formalism. Besides the Einstein–Hilbert term, the effective gravity has a cosmological constant term, a curvature squared term, a torsion squared term and a matter sector. To obtain such geometrodynamical theory, asymptotic freedom and the Gribov parameter (soft BRST symmetry breaking) are crucial. Particularly, Newton and cosmological constant are related to these parameters and they also run as functions of the energy scale. One-loop computations are performed and the results are interpreted.
Black Five-Branes and Fluxbranes on Gravitational Instantons

We apply a U-duality based solution-generating technique to construct supergravity solutions which describe nonextremal D5-branes and fluxbranes on various gravitational instantons. This includes an F7-brane wrapped on a sphere, which remains weakly-coupled in the asymptotic region. We construct various superpositions of nonextremal D5-branes and fluxbranes that have angular momentum fixed by the parameters associated with their mass and two magnetic charges.
Optical Solitons: From Fibers to Photonic Crystals

Preface 1. Introduction 2. Spatial Solitons 3. Temporal Solitons 4. Dark Solitons 5. Bragg Solitons 6. Two-Dimensional Solitons 7. Spatiotemporal Solitons 8. Vortex Solitons 9. Vector Solitons 10. Parametric Solitons 11. Discrete Solitons 12. Solitons in Photonic Crystals 13. Incoherent Solitons 14. Related Concepts References Index
THE MOSDEF SURVEY: MASS, METALLICITY, AND STAR-FORMATION RATE AT z ∼ 2.3

We present results on the z ∼ 2.3 mass–metallicity relation (MZR) using early observations from the MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field survey. We use an initial sample of 87 star-forming galaxies with spectroscopic coverage of Hβ, [O iii] λ5007, Hα, and [N ii] λ6584 rest-frame optical emission lines, and estimate the gas-phase oxygen abundance based on the N2 and O3N2 strong-line indicators. We find a positive correlation between stellar mass and metallicity among individual z ∼ 2.3 galaxies using both the N2 and O3N2 indicators. We also measure the emission-line ratios and corresponding oxygen abundances for composite spectra in bins of stellar mass. Among composite spectra, we find a monotonic increase in metallicity with increasing stellar mass, offset ∼0.15–0.3 dex below the local MZR. When the sample is divided at the median star-formation rate (SFR), we do not observe significant SFR dependence of the z ∼ 2.3 MZR among either individual galaxies or composite spectra. We furthermore find that z ∼ 2.3 galaxies have metallicities ∼0.1 dex lower at a given stellar mass and SFR than is observed locally. This offset suggests that high-redshift galaxies do not fall on the local “fundamental metallicity relation” among stellar mass, metallicity, and SFR, and may provide evidence of a phase of galaxy growth in which the gas reservoir is built up due to inflow rates that are higher than star-formation and outflow rates. However, robust conclusions regarding the gas-phase oxygen abundances of high-redshift galaxies await a systematic reappraisal of the application of locally calibrated metallicity indicators at high redshift.
Origin of antiphase domain boundaries and their effect on the dielectric constant of Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 films grown on MgO substrates

Epitaxial Ba1−xSrxTiO3 (BST) with x=0.5 films were grown on MgO substrates using pulsed-laser deposition. We have observed a high density of antiphase domain boundaries (ADB) in these BST films. We attribute the formation of the ADBs to the different crystal symmetry of the film and the substrate. Adjacent domains have an in plane phase shift of 12[110], or 12[110] thus creating a phase shift of the in plane lattice planes of 12[010] or 12[100] across the boundary. We have used first-principles calculations to obtain the effect of the ADBs on the dielectric constant of SrTiO3 and found that they lower the effective in plane dielectric constant in the direction normal to the ADB. Upon annealing, the density of ADBs decreases and the dielectric properties improve.
Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy Social Integration: Implications for the Association Between Childhood Trauma and Stress Responsivity

Objective: Childhood trauma is linked to the dysregulation of physiological responses to stress, particularly lower cardiovascular reactivity (CVR) to acute stress. The mechanisms that explain this associa- tion, however, are not yet fully understood. Method: Using secondary data from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) Biomarker Project ( N = 1,148; n = 652 females), we examine whether social integration can help explain the association between childhood trauma and lower CVR. Participants completed a standardized laboratory stress paradigm which involved completing executive functioning (Stroop) and mental arithmetic (MATH) tasks. Cardiovascular measurements were continuously assessed using electrocardiogram (ECG) and Finometer equipment. The Social Well-Being Scale (Keyes, 1998) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ; Bernstein et al., 2003) measured social integration and trauma, respectively. Results: Regression analyses demonstrated that childhood trauma was associated with lower systolic (SBP; b = (cid:1) . 14, p , . 001) and diastolic (DBP; b = (cid:1) . 11, p , . 001) blood pressure reactivity but not heart rate (HR) reactivity. Mediation analyses, using Hayes PROCESS Model 4, showed that higher levels of trauma were associated with less social integration and in turn linked to lower reactivity across all biological indices. Moreover, sensitivity analyses showed that this indirect effect via social integration was evident for emotional and physical abuse, emotional and physi- cal neglect, but not sexual abuse. Conclusion: Overall, the results indicated that dysregulated cardiovascular stress responses owing to childhood trauma may be shaped by a lack of social integration. The implications of this, as well as the ﬁ ndings for the individual types of trauma, are discussed.
THE YAGLOM LAW IN THE EXPANDING SOLAR WIND

We study the Yaglom law, which relates the mixed third-order structure function to the average dissipation rate of turbulence, in a uniformly expanding solar wind by using the two-scale expansion model of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. We show that due to the expansion of the solar wind, two new terms appear in the Yaglom law. The first term is related to the decay of the turbulent energy by nonlinear interactions, whereas the second term is related to the non-zero cross-correlation of the Elsässer fields. Using magnetic field and plasma data from WIND and Helios 2 spacecrafts, we show that at lower frequencies in the inertial range of MHD turbulence the new terms become comparable to Yaglom's third-order mixed moment, and therefore they cannot be neglected in the evaluation of the energy cascade rate in the solar wind.
Leptospirose humana: perfil epidemiológico no estado Pará entre 2010 e 2020

Objetivo: Traçar o perfil epidemiológico da leptospirose no estado do Pará entre 2010 a 2020. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, retrospectivo, longitudinal, de caráter exploratório e analítico, além de ser quantitativa, com coleta de dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS) entre os anos de 2010-2020. Resultados: No estado do Pará, de 2010 a 2020 foram confirmados 1373 casos de leptospirose. O maior número absoluto de casos por ano foi em 2019 com 153 (11,14%). O sexo masculino foi o mais acometido com 1037 registros (75,52%). A raça parda lidera com 1102 casos (80,26%). De acordo com a faixa etária, a maior prevalência ocorreu entre 20 e 39 anos com 555 (40,42%). Em relação a distribuição dos casos no estado do Pará por regiões de saúde, a região Metropolitana I foi a que apresentou maior incidência dos casos com 813 registros, correspondendo a 59,21% do total. Conclusão: Nota-se que o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes mostrou maior incidência nos pacientes de sexo masculino, entre 20 e 39 anos, raça parda e na região Metropolitana I, evidenciou-se também um aumento no número de casos notificados de leptospirose no estado do Pará entre o período de 2010 a 2020.
NLO corrections to timelike, spacelike and double deeply virtual Compton scattering

We calculate the O({alpha}{sub s}) corrections to the timelike, spacelike, and double deeply virtual Compton scattering amplitudes in the generalized Bjorken scaling region. Special attention is devoted to studies of the difference between the next-to-leading order timelike and spacelike coefficient functions, which plays for this process a role analogous to the large K factor which was much discussed in the analysis of inclusive Drell-Yan cross sections. Also in the present studies the timelike nature of the hard scale gives rise to a new absorptive part of the amplitude and to the presence of characteristic {pi}{sup 2} terms, which can potentially lead to sizable corrections.
On reductions of soliton solutions of multi-component NLS models and spinor Bose-Einstein condensates

We consider a class of multicomponent nonlinear Schrodinger equations (MNLS) related to the symmetric BD.I‐type symmetric spaces. As important particular case of these MNLS we obtain the Kulish‐Sklyanin model. Some new reductions and their effects on the soliton solutions are obtained by proper modifying the Zakharov‐Shabat dressing method.
A measure for enhancing HREIK network lookup

The biggest feature of P2P system is the direct sharing of resources between users. Its core technology is the positioning mechanism of distributed objects, which is also the key to improve network scalability and solve the swallowing of network bandwidth. In this paper, it uses the HREIK network as the basic P2P platform and lays out the P2P network in a wireless mobile platform. In general, when using mobile P2P networks, people may find some problems, such as poor performance and correctness in pernode lookup. To mitigate these disadvantages, this paper proposes to design a measure for enhancing HREIK (EHREIK) network lookup that can keep the finger table fresh and self-update. In EHREIK, we improved the success rate of HREIK network lookups and the consistency of coverage. At the same time, we reduce the time it takes to find something on a wireless mobile network.
The merger rates and mass assembly histories of dark matter haloes in the two Millennium simulations

We construct merger trees of dark matter haloes and quantify their merger rates and mass growth rates using the joint data set from the Millennium and Millennium-II simulations. The finer resolution of the Millennium-II simulation has allowed us to extend our earlier analysis of halo merger statistics to an unprecedentedly wide range of descendant halo mass (10 10 ≲ M 0 ≲ 10 15 M ⊙ ), progenitor mass ratio (10 -5 ≲ ξ ≤ 1) and redshift (0 ≤ z ≲ 15). We update our earlier fitting form for the mean merger rate per halo as a function of M 0 , ξ and z. The overall behaviour of this quantity is unchanged: the rate per unit redshift is nearly independent of z out to z ~ 15; the dependence on halo mass is weak (∝ Mg 0.13 0 ); and it is nearly a power law in the progenitor mass ratio (∝ ξ -2 ). We also present a simple and accurate fitting formula for the mean mass growth rate of haloes as a function of mass and redshift. This mean rate is 46 M ⊙ yr -1 for 10 12 M ⊙ haloes at z = 0, and it increases with mass as ∝ M 1.1 and with redshift as (1 + z) 2.5 (for z ≳ 1). When the fit for the mean mass growth rate is integrated over a halo's history, we find excellent match to the mean mass assembly histories of the simulated haloes. By combining merger rates and mass assembly histories, we present results for the number of mergers over a halo's history and the statistics of the redshift of the last major merger.
Looking below the floor: constraints on the AGN radio luminosity functions at low power

We constrain the behavior of the radio luminosity function (RLF) of two classes of active galactic nuclei (AGN) namely AGN of low radio power (LRP) and BL Lac objects. The extrapolation of the observed steep RLFs to low power predicts a space density of such objects that exceeds that of the sources that can harbor them and this requires a break to a shallower slope. For LRP AGN we obtain P_br,LRP > 10^20.5 W/Hz at 1.4 GHz to limit their density to be smaller than that of elliptical galaxies with black hole masses M_BH > 10^7.5 solar masses. By combining this value with the limit derived by the observations the break must occur at P_br,LRP~10^20.5-10^21.5 W/Hz. For BL Lacs we find P_br,BLLAC > 10^23.3 W/Hz otherwise they would outnumber the density of weak-lined and compact radio sources, while the observations indicate P_br,BLLAC < 10^24.5 W/Hz. In the framework of the AGN unified model a low luminosity break in the RLF of LRP AGN must correspond to a break in the RLF of BL Lacs. The ratio between P_br,LRP and P_br,BLLAC is ~10^3, as expected for a jet Doppler factor of ~10.
Experimental tomography of NOON states with large photon numbers

We have performed experimental quantum state tomography of NOON states with up to four photons. The measured states are generated by mixing a classical coherent state with spontaneous parametric down-conversion. We show that this method produces states which exhibit a high fidelity with ideal NOON states. The fidelity is limited by the overlap of the two-photon down-conversion state with any two photons originating from the coherent state, for which we introduce and measure a figure of merit. A second limitation on the fidelity set by the total setup transmission is discussed. We also apply the same tomography procedure for characterizing correlated photon hole states.
Triggering and Delivery Algorithms for AGN Feedback

We compare several common subgrid implementations of active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback, focusing on the effects of different triggering mechanisms and the differences between thermal and kinetic feedback. Our main result is that pure thermal feedback that is centrally injected behaves differently from feedback with even a small kinetic component. Specifically, pure thermal feedback results in excessive condensation and smothering of the AGN by cold gas because the feedback energy does not propagate to large enough radii. We do not see large differences between implementations of different triggering mechanisms, as long as the spatial resolution is sufficiently high, probably because all of the implementations tested here trigger strong AGN feedback under similar conditions. In order to assess the role of resolution, we vary the size of the “accretion zone” in which properties are measured to determine the AGN accretion rate and resulting feedback power. We find that a larger accretion zone results in steadier jets but can also allow too much cold gas condensation in simulations with a Bondi-like triggering algorithm. We also vary the opening angle of jet precession and find that a larger precession angle causes more of the jet energy to thermalize closer to the AGN, thereby producing results similar to pure thermal feedback. Our simulations confirm that AGNs can regulate the thermal state of cool-core galaxy clusters and maintain the core in a state that is marginally susceptible to thermal instability followed by precipitation.