Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of Simulation in Construction Engineering and Management

Construction simulation is the science of developing and experimenting with computer-based representations of construction systems to understand their underlying behavior. This branch of operations research applications in construction management has experienced significant academic growth over the past two decades. In this paper, the author summarizes his views on this topic as per his Peurifoy address, given in October 2008. The paper provides an overview of advancements in construction simulation theory as reported in literature. It then summarizes the key factors that contribute to successful deployment of simulation in the construction industry, and the key attributes of problems that make them more amenable for simulation modeling as opposed to other tools. The paper then provides an overview of long-term simulation initiatives leading to the next generation of computer modeling systems for construction, where simulation plays an integral role in a futuristic vision of automated project planning and control.
Broadband twin‐junction tuning circuit for submillimeter SIS mixers

A 400–550-GHz fixed tuned quasioptical Nb/AlOx/Nb SIS heterodyne receiver has been built, and its performance has been evaluated. The receiver, operated at 3.5 K, showed noise temperatures ≤ 300-K DSB within the tuning range of the available LO source (440–520 GHz). The SIS junction capacitance was tuned out by a novel twin-junction circuit, which offered 130-GHz fixed tuned bandwidth at 480 GHz. Large-area SIS junctions (3.5 μm2, ωRnC ≈ 7.5 at 500 GHz), patterned by optical lithography, were used. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Developed Modeling and Numerical Simulation for Mismatching Photovoltaic Performance Evaluation

A simplified simulation method was described for charactering mismatching photovoltaic performance integrated with bypass and string diodes, which are configured additionally compared with the tradition design for avoiding deterioration to modules in series or in parallel connection. The Newton‐Raphson method was adopted for numerical simulations, with some computation problem discussed for fast convergence. It was proven to be suitable and effective when model validation coinciding with manufacturer specification. Furthermore, maximal power point (MPP) peak positions were reviewed roundly via simulations of the total characteristic curves. Multi‐power peaks with multi‐diodes installed were also investigated. The proposed method can be benefit for better comprehension on the physical circuit and provides greater program expansibility, and such simulation researches should be applicable for manufacturer to evaluate the configuration of photovoltaic module. © 2009 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
On the foundation and use of the de minimis principle in a risk analysis context

‘De minimis risk’ is a basic concept and principle of risk analysis, which states that risks which are sufficiently small can be ignored. This principle is commonly used in practical risk analysis and related decision-making, but its rationale is debated. Recently, authors have argued that de minimis reasoning has no place in rational decision-making. The present paper provides a perspective on the foundation and use of this principle in a risk analysis context. The main aim of the paper is to gain new knowledge about the meaning and scope of the principle in view of contemporary risk science. We evaluate the extent to which different perspectives on risk can explain the disputes concerning the suitability of the principle. Current discussions of the principle have to a large extent been based on probabilistic-based frameworks, whereas the present study also addresses uncertainty-based risk perspectives. Examples are used to illustrate the discussion.
Urban Ecological Network Planning for Sustainable Landscape Management

The current trend towards promoting the conservation of ecosystems has resulted in various studies conducted to determine ways to establish an ecological network. As such, urban ecological networks challenge popular perceptions regarding green space planning and protection. They also emphasize the importance of green spaces as parts of an interconnected system for sustainable urban development. However, until now urban ecological networks have not been applied in urban planning. As a result, this study developed an urban ecological network planning (UENP) method based on urban ecology and landscape ecology theory in order to improve the stability of urban ecosystems. First, the evolving definition of an ecological network was examined. Next, the UENP model was established with a focus on green space and land management. Finally, as a case study, a UENP for northeastern cities within the Seoul Metropolitan Area was conducted.Policy implications of these results are also presented. The UENP developed in this study consists of three stages of analysis: 1) green space assessment for urban ecological stability, naturalness, and biodiversity with consideration to development risks; 2) development of an urban ecological network using least-cost path analysis; and 3) examination results with a land use plan to minimize possible conflict. As an approach in urban sustainability, the UENP suggested in this study can be applied to urban green network planning and be used to control urban sprawl and promote biodiversity.
Multi-component seismic-resolution analysis using finite-difference acquisition modelling

Abstract Various rules-of-thumb (e.g. Fresnel radius, Rayleigh limit) are commonly used to predict seismic resolution, based on the dominant frequency on the image. However, seismic resolution ultimately depends on more fundamental parameters including survey design, source bandwidth, geology, and data processing. A more instructive analysis is possible via numerical modelling of the acquisition process. Here we demonstrate the improved insight available with this approach, using examples taken from the petroleum and coal sectors. We use viscoelastic finite-difference modelling to simulate 2D multi-component acquisition sequences. The ability to allow for anelastic attenuation is important as it permits a more realistic comparison of the resolution achievable on P-wave and converted-wave (PS) imagery. An examination of vertical resolution for a wedge model on a petroleum scale indicates that processed P-wave sections have poorer resolution (62 m) than predicted by the Widess (20 m) and Rayleigh (40 m) resolution limits. For this model the vertical resolution for the PS data is comparable to that of the P-wave data. This is in agreement with the theoretical relative-resolution relationship. A second example examines detection of lens-like features at petroleum depth. The resolving ability on the P-wave imagery is broadly consistent with analytical predictions appropriate to migrated data (100 m laterally and 40 m vertically). Again PS resolution is comparable to P resolution. Analysis of a typical coal target suggests that barren-zones of width 5–10 m can be resolved. The interplay of wavelength and attenuation is such that the PS image is likely to exhibit comparable, or slightly reduced, lateral resolution, provided statics are not a problem. Resolution can be downgraded significantly if statics are more severe, and in practice this is likely to have greater impact on the PS image. Realistic numerical modelling, simulating the full acquisition and processing sequence, leads to a more pragmatic understanding of seismic resolution issues. It is a valuable tool for survey planning and image interpretation.
Differential aperture coupling technique for passive and active integrated antenna design

A novel contactless method of spatially coupling differential signals from a transmission line to an antenna structure is described. A differential signal is used to generate a current maximum/virtual short circuit under the antenna and electromagnetic energy is efficiently coupled from the transmission line to the antenna via an aperture. Two different passive microstrip patch antenna designs using this differential aperture coupling technique will be demonstrated. This coupling technique has also been successfully applied in an active integrated differential antenna design. Simulation and measurement results are also presented to validate the coupling concept. A simplified transmission line model has also been developed and successfully used to model the differential aperture coupling technique.
The Empirical Aesthetics of Music

This chapter provides a structured overview of studies accounting for the aesthetic responses to music. Bottom-up accounts linking preference with determined stimulus features are distinguished from other cognitivist, emotivist, or contextual accounts putting more weight on nonappearance properties related to the individual life experience. Additionally, models of the musical aesthetic experience that emphasize psychological processes are illustrated as distinct from models that account also for the neural mechanisms involved. While most findings concentrate on the aesthetic response of pleasure or preference, fresh efforts are projected toward understanding other aesthetically tinged dimensions such as evaluative judgments and attitudes. Naturalistic approaches are promising toward understanding from the daily drive to musical activities to the life-changing peak experiences of music.
Low Back Disorder Risk in Automotive Parts Distribution

The purpose of this study was to characterize the low back disorder (LBD) risk in jobs found in automotive parts distribution centers. This descriptive study analyzed 53 jobs at 7 automotive distribution facilities in the Northern United States. Data were collected using the Lumbar Motion Monitor (LMM) and analyzed using the LMM LBD risk model. Historically, the LMM risk model, which was developed primarily through an analysis of manufacturing jobs, has used the peak load moment in the calculations. A secondary purpose of this study was to compare the difference in LBD risk estimates obtained using the peak versus the mean load moment in the analysis of these highly variable lifting jobs. Given that each lifting task may be a different weight item from a different location the sampling process was validated using split-test reliability coefficients. These were found to be 0.90. Results indicate that, on average the jobs in automotive parts distribution are moderately high risk (mean= 56%, s.d.= 11%), however, nearly half the sample had LMM LBD risk probability values greater than 60% mark that has been used by some as a cut point in defining “high” risk (Marras et al., 2000). On average, use of the average moment instead of the maximum moment reduced the LBD risk probability value by 7.4 percent (s.d.= 5.3%), however, the range included no difference up to 17 percent. Many of the jobs contain trunk motions that are associated with high LBD risk, however, many of these same jobs had relatively low lifting frequencies which moderated the risk estimates. It should be noted that for many of the jobs the LBD risk probability was at the medium level due to the travel time required between lifts. This kept the frequency of lifting in many of these jobs relatively low for distribution type work; for many jobs the liftrates were less than 60 lifts per hour. The liftrate potentially contributes 20 percent to the overall risk calculation in the model. This suggests that efforts to increase the pick rates and efficiencies in these jobs will be accompanied by increased LBD risk if done without accompanying ergonomic interventions.
Effect of the graphite content on the tribological properties of hybrid Al/SiC/Gr composites processed by powder metallurgy

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to understand the effect of graphite content on the properties of aluminum alloy/silicon carbide/granite (Al/SiC/Gr) composites. Design/methodology/approach – Hardness and wear tests were applied to the powder metallurgical composites, and microstructural characterization was conducted. Findings – Optimum graphite content for maximum wear resistance is reported as weight 6 per cent. Originality/value – Results of this study may help light weight Al/SiC/Gr composites to be used in different industrial applications.
Sound power radiated from an inverter-driven induction motor: experimental investigation

The effects of various inverter strategies, switching frequency, random modulation levels and motor speeds on the radiated noise of a 2.2 kW induction motor with and without load were examined by measuring the sound power spectrum, rather than the sound pressure spectrum at a single point in space. Results show that the sound power level due to the aerodynamic and mechanical noise increases at a rate of 12 dB per doubling of the motor speed. For an ideal, almost purely sinusoidal supply, electromagnetic noise dominates at low motor speeds. For a PWM inverter drive, the electromagnetic noise due to the switching harmonics could dominate the total sound power level at low motor speeds; however, the effects of switching harmonics appear to be insignificant at high motor speeds where the noise due to the fundamental frequency is dominant. At high speeds, the variation of sound power level with load is small, whereas at low speeds the total sound power level normally increases due to the low-frequency component.
A Novel Pulse Frequency Modulation Technique for DC/DC Converter

In order to improve the efficiency of DC/DC converter and cut down its power loss, a novel pulse frequency modulation technique is put forward. Based on the traditional PFM, the turn-on time of the switch is reduced by current limit circuit in the case of light-load, short-circuit or other faults. Thus, the light-load loss and the short circuit current are diminished sharply. Applied the novel PFM technology, a monolithic DC-DC converter is designed, and the simulation analysis by Cadence and tape-out test results both verify the correctness and the feasibility of this design.
Copyright 2009 by Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Inc. All rights reserved. 10.1518/107118109X12524442635707

What gets measured gets managed and becomes the driver for employee performance. Performance Management Systems are a systematic approach to managing employees that links their efforts with the strategy of the organization by creating performance metrics that are salient, measurable, and aligned with the organization’s goals and objectives. These metrics then serve as the focus for management processes such as hiring, training, supervision, and evaluation. However, metrics can lead to failures when they are ineffectively managed, such as when employees take safety shortcuts in order to meet more salient productivity expectations. This paper presents an overview of Performance Management Systems, situations where they can fail if not implemented systematically, and two forensic case studies that illustrate these failures.
Single chromosome gains can function as metastasis suppressors and metastasis promoters in colon cancer

Most human tumors display chromosome-scale copy number alterations, and high levels of aneuploidy are frequently associated with advanced disease and poor patient prognosis. To examine the relationship between aneuploidy and cancer progression, we generated and analyzed a series of congenic human cell lines that harbor single extra chromosomes. We find that different aneuploidies can have distinct effects on invasive behavior: across 13 different cell lines, 12 trisomies suppressed invasiveness or were largely neutral, while a single trisomy increased metastatic behavior by triggering a partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In contrast, chromosomal instability, which can lead to the development of aneuploidy, uniformly suppressed cellular invasion. By analyzing genomic copy number and survival data from 10,133 cancer patients, we demonstrate that specific aneuploidies are associated with distinct clinical outcomes, and the acquisition of certain aneuploidies is in fact linked with a favorable prognosis. Thus, aneuploidy is not a uniform driver of malignancy, and different chromosome copy number changes can uniquely influence tumor progression. At the same time, the gain of a single chromosome is capable of inducing a profound cell state transition, underscoring how genomic plasticity can engender phenotypic plasticity and lead to the acquisition of enhanced metastatic properties.
Automatic Visual Inspection System For IC Bonding Wires

This paper discusses a high-contrast imaging capture system and a wire inspection algorithm for an automatic visual inspection system. On IC assembly lines, automated visual inspection is essential to maintain IC productivity and reliability. An automatic inspection system requires realtime inspection without defects overlooked. To overcome the difficulties of getting clear wire images and inspecting flexible object shapes, we developed a high-contrast imaging capture system and a wire inspection algorithm. The imaging capture system consists of a special camera, called a MegaCamera, by Fujitsu Ltd. , and structured lighting. The MegaCamera satisfied both the requirements of 10-micron-per-pixel inspection resolution and an image capture area of 20 mm square. The structured lighting optic enabled us to get bright wire images and to reduce background noise. The wire inspection algorithm is based on border following. The algorithm enabled us to inspect curved and straight wires and to detect defects including broken wires, too close wires, and incorrect wiring paths. When we installed the system on an actual IC assembly line, it took 28 s to inspect a 68-wire IC. The rate of correct detection is 99.7 percent for ICs and the rate of overlooked defects is 0 percent. These results indicate the system can inspect in real time without defects overlooked, which up to now have required visual inspection.
An experimental and numerical approach to understand the effect of the IPMC composition on its sensing and energy harvesting behavior

Ionic Polymer Metal Composite (IPMC) is an Electo-Active Polymer (EAP) that is well-known for its actuation and sensing behavior. It has been shown that in charge sensing mode an IPMC generates one order of magnitude larger current as compared to piezoelectric materials. However the voltage generated is on the order of couple millivolts, making it less attractive as a sensor and energy harvester. Previous numerical work by the author, demonstrated that increasing the ionic concentration of the ionomer will increase the current and voltage generated by an IPMC. Conversely, the previous study showed that the electrode composition and architecture had minimal effects. This paper will present an experimental investigation of the effect of changing the composition of the ionomer, the membrane thickness, and electrode architecture on the sensing and energy harvesting behavior. The response of all IPMC transducers is analyzed and compared to numerical simulations.
Detection of possible voltage collapse buses in stressed power systems based on information from multiple solutions in load flow calculations

Conventionally, most voltage stability indices, including the voltage instability proximity index (VIPI), have been formulated for the overall system. Voltage instability phenomena, however, can occur locally and then cause cascade collapses throughout the system. Therefore, it is of some importance to establish an index that can locate the possible voltage collapse buses in power systems efficiently. In this paper, we describe the local properties of the information of multiple solutions in load flow calculation and their use in voltage instability assessment. It should be noted that this kind of information is formatted in the voltage space rather than in the specified value space. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain information in the specified value space, and the qualitative property in a simple one-machine one-load (two-bus) power system may not be generalized for multimachine multiload power systems. We present our investigation by considering several model systems and quantitatively comparing them with the two-bus power system. Taking advantage of the power flow formulation, it can be concluded that the localization of the voltage variation vector that indicates the initial direction of the voltage collapse will provide exact information for identifying problem buses in the system. The nose curves of problem buses can be obtained for monitoring purposes at the same time. With the application of these results and VIPI, an emergency countermeasure is suggested for monitoring and delaying possible voltage collapse in stressed power systems. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn 119(1): 45–54, 1997
Social Media Communication and Customer Loyalty with the Mediating Role of Social Customer Relationship in Retail Chain Stores in Sri Lanka

The main aim of this study is to investigate the impact of social media communication on customer loyalty and social customer relationship and examine the mediating role of social customer relationship between social media communication and customer loyalty. An online survey was used to gather information from followers of retail chain store Facebook pages in Sri Lanka, total of 340 respondents were invited to collect the information. The proposed model was tested using structural equation modeling, and confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the reliability and validity. The main finding of this study is that the social media communication influences consumer loyalty and social customer relationships positively, while social customer relationships partially mediate the relationship between social media communication and customer loyalty among customers of retail chain stores in Sri Lanka. Retail chains use many marketing communication tools to attract and retain their customers, they should dedicate their effort to implement social media communication as one of the marketing communication media strategy for improved customer loyalty.
Toward the future of travel behaviour and demand modelling

Abstract This special issue of Transportation Letters brings together a selection of keynote papers presented at workshops that were conducted during October 2010-August 2011. These workshops had the dual objectives of (a) bringing together communities of social and behavioural science and transport researchers to consider the challenges faced by the travel demand modelling community in a holistic manner, and (b) taking stock of the current array of conceptual and methodological approaches available, anticipating likely future directions of development for the field, and thereby stimulating creative interaction between researchers from a variety of disciplines. The four papers presented in this special issue lead the reader through the process of conceptualisation, development of practical modelling frameworks, empirical model estimations, and data needs, with a distinct eye to the future of travel behaviour and demand modelling. We hope that they are a source of inspiration to researchers and practitioners alike in moving towards the next generation of model building, and also serve to encourage many more productive and visionary workshops like the ones we have had the privilege to organise.
Detection and modeling of rough component envelopes

This paper describes an imaging technique for the determination of rough component envelopes of cast and forged components. The paper includes several image acquisition methods currently used in this area but concentrates in detail on the method known as the light stripe method. Results presented show the advantages of the light stripe method to obtain a fast and accurate 3D description of the cast and forged components. The research is part of a larger project on intelligent manufacturing systems and is being conducted at the CIM Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia.