Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Imprégnation magmatique de la lithosphère océanique: Etude microstructurale et géochimique des séries gabbroïques forées à la dorsale Médio-Atlantique

Le puits IODP U1309D (Exp. IODP 304-305, 30°N) et le Site ODP 1275 (Leg ODP 209, 15°45'N) ont permis d'echantillonner deux core complexes oceaniques de la dorsale Medio-Atlantique. Les roches recuperees sont principalement gabbroiques dont certaines tres primitives et riches en olivine (ol >70%). Dans le puits U1309D, les compositions en elements en trace des poeciloblastes de clinopyroxene et de plagioclase des roches riches en olivine indiquent qu'ils precipitent depuis le meme magma dans toutes les lithologies. La composition en elements en trace des olivines est en desequilibre avec ces deux mineraux. Les fabriques cristallographiques de l'olivine sont faibles avec une concentration sur [001] inhabituelle, neanmoins compatibles avec une deformation plastique de haute temperature, avec l'activation du systeme de glissement (010) [100] communement decrit dans le manteau asthenospherique. L'etude conjointe des caracteristiques geochimiques et microstructurales de ces roches met en lumiere une histoire complexe de cristallisation dans un systeme ouvert ou de larges volumes de magma de type MORB ont percole et interagi avec le manteau appauvri superficiel. Ces roches riches en olivine representeraient le residu ultime de ces reactions liquide-manteau. Au site 1275, la formation des roches les plus evoluees de la serie n'apparait pas liee a l'evenement d'impregnation formant les roches riches en olivine. Ces roches correspondent a des injections tardives de magma qui ont entierement cristallise en profondeur sous forme de plutons intrusifs. Les resultats presentes dans ce memoire sont compatibles avec une formation des core complexes oceaniques associee a une activite magmatique relativement importante, et a une cristallisation complete de tout ou partie de ces magmas dans la lithosphere sans contre-partie volcanique en surface.
Robotic Barrier Construction through Weaved, Inflatable Tubes

In this article, we present a mechanism and related path planning algorithm to construct light-duty barriers out of extruded, inflated tubes weaved around existing environmental features. Our extruded tubes are based on everted vine-robots and in this context, we present a new method to steer their growth. We characterize the mechanism in terms of accuracy resilience, and, towards their use as barriers, the ability of the tubes to withstand distributed loads. We further explore an algorithm which, given a feature map and the size and direction of the external load, can determine where and how to extrude the barrier. Finally, we showcase the potential of this method in an autonomously extruded two-layer wall weaved around three pipes. While preliminary, our work indicates that this method has potential for barrier construction in cluttered environments, e.g. shelters against wind or snow. Future work may show how to achieve tighter weaves, how to leverage weave friction for improved strength, how to assess barrier performance for feedback control, and how to operate the extrusion mechanism off of a mobile robot.
Gender Inequality and Women’s Soccer Success: Utilizing Principal Component Analysis to Isolate Inequality

The eﬀect of gender inequality on success in international women’s soccer is not well known, and earlier studies have suﬀered from multicollinearity. This study introduces a novel model and utilizes principal component analysis and principal component regression to estimate the model in order to surmount the multicollinearity problem. The study ﬁnds that gender inequality is both important and signiﬁcant in determining success in women’s international soccer, and we are able to make convincing and robust arguments about the validity of the results, while at the same time ﬁtting a better model as compared to earlier studies
Wind Energy Resource Atlas of Sri Lanka and the Maldives

The Wind Energy Resource Atlas of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, produced by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's (NREL's) wind resource group identifies the wind characteristics and distribution of the wind resource in Sri Lanka and the Maldives. The detailed wind resource maps and other information contained in the atlas facilitate the identification of prospective areas for use of wind energy technologies, both for utility-scale power generation and off-grid wind energy applications.
Neural network approach to model the limit state surface for reliability analysis

Structural reliability methods are often used to evaluate the failure performance of geotechnical structures. A common approach is to use the first-order reliability method. Its popularity results from the mathematical simplicity of the method, since only second moment information (mean and coefficient of variation) on the random variables is required. The probability of failure is then assessed by an index known commonly as the reliability index. One critical aspect in determining the reliability index is the explicit definition of the limit state surface of the system. In a problem involving multi-dimensional random variables, the limit state surface is the boundary separating the safe domain from the "failure" (or lack of serviceability) domain. In many complicated and nonlinear problems where the analyses involve the use of numerical procedures such as the finite element method, this surface may be difficult to determine explicitly in terms of the random variables, and therefore the limit state can on.
El Venado Cola Blanca en la mixteca poblana

Resumen The objective of this study is to present progress on management and conservation of with tailed-deer (Odocoileus virginianus) at the Mixteca poblana; an ethnic region whit 47 municipalities and 10,565.7 km 2 , whit semiarid and arid climates, rangeland slopes with tropical dry forest and xerophytes shrubs, where the Mexican subspecie of white- tailed deer mexicanus is distributed in 547,500 ha which represents 51.8% of the region The conservation and management of the deer is carried under the technological model denominated diversified livestock, a silvopastoril system which combines the intensive production of bovine meat, with the sustainable use of deer and other wildlife species and their habitat, by hunting and ecotourism in Units for the Management and Wildlife Conservation (UMAs). Under this management, there are 72 UMAs in 35 municipalities whit 82,522 ha in the region. The mexicanus subspecie is considerate as a hunt trophy by the Safari Club International. In the hunting season 2009-2010, 32 UMAs harvested 152 game permissions; 20 of those UMAs are located in Chiautla County. The deer is fed with 139 species of plants, mainly 40 herbs and 36 shrubs; the population density varies from 12.8 to 45.45 ha/deer. The environmental benefits from deer management and their habitat have resulted in environmental services such as conservation of soil, water and biodiversity. The socioeconomic benefits include increments in rate of incomes and regional employment, as well as conservation of cultural traditions. Actually in the region are involved three group of researchers, three Non Governmental Organization and seven and technical advisors.
FIU Digital Commons FIU Digital Commons

Existing beamforming arrays suffer from the size and cost of the RF front-end and digital back-end components. In this paper, a novel hybrid beamforming conﬁguration for wideband receivers is introduced. The design replaces phase shifters and local oscillators (LO) with cross mixing antenna elements to maximize diversity gain. In this paper, an analytical model of the cross mixing beamformer (CMB) is ﬁrst presented. Simulations are carried out showing that a maximum diversity gain can be achieved with the CMB approach. Two prototypes were implemented using 2 × 1 and 4 × 2 element arrays and tested at 2.31 GHz. Measured results show that CMB achieves coherent signal combining and can preserve the phase delay information needed for hybrid beamforming setups.
Accumulation and Toxicity: An Update Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agent

SUMMARY: In current practice, gadolinium-based contrast agents have been considered safe when used at clinically recommended doses in patients without severe renal insufﬁciency. The causal relationship between gadolinium-based contrast agents and nephrogenic systemicﬁbrosisinpatientswithrenalinsufﬁciencyresultedinnewpoliciesregardingtheadministrationoftheseagents. Afteraneffective screening of patients with renal disease by performing either unenhanced or reduced-dose-enhanced studies in these patients and by usingthemoststablecontrastagents,nephrogenicsystemicﬁbrosishasbeenlargelyeliminatedsince2009. Evidenceofinvivogadolinium deposition in bone tissue in patients with normal renal function is well-established, but recent literature showing that gadolinium might also deposit in the brain in patients with intact blood-brain barriers caught many individuals in the imaging community by surprise. The purposeofthisreviewwastosummarizetheliteratureongadolinium-basedcontrastagents,tyingtogetherinformationonagentstability and animal and human studies, and to emphasize that low-stability agents are the ones most often associated with brain deposition.
TechniqueDiffusion-Weighted Echo-Planar Imaging Interleaved Multisection Inner Volume Cervical Spinal Cord Using a 2D Single-Shot Quantification of Diffusivities of the Human

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: DTI is a highly sensitive technique, which can detect pathology not otherwise noted with conventional imaging methods. This paper provides the atlas of reliable normative in vivo DTI parameters in the cervical spinal cord and its potential applications toward quantifying pathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In our study, we created a reference of normal diffusivities of the cervical spinal cord by using a 2D ss-IMIV-DWEPI technique from 14 healthy volunteers and compared parameters with those in 8 patients with CSM. The 2D ss-IMIV-DWEPI technique was applied in each subject to acquire diffusion-weighted images. FA, (cid:1) (cid:1) , and (cid:1) (cid:1) were calculated. A reference of normal DTI indices from 12 regions of interest was created and compared with DTI indices of 8 patients. RESULTS: A map of reference diffusivity values was obtained from healthy controls. We found statistically significant differences in diffusivities between healthy volunteers and patients with CSM with different severities of disease, by using FA, (cid:1) (cid:1) , and (cid:1) (cid:1) values. CONCLUSIONS: DTI using 2D ss-IMIV-DWPEI is sensitive to spinal cord pathology. This technique can be used to detect and quantify the degree of pathology within the cervical spinal cord from multiple disease states. ABBREVIATIONS:
Sol atriyal apendiks trombüsü tanısında iki boyutlu transtorasik ekokardiyografinin önemi The role of two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography in the diagnosis of left atrial appendage thrombus

The incidence of left atrial thrombi is higher in patients with mitral valve stenosis and atrial fibrillation. Its presence and localization plays a significant role in deciding on the therapeutic approach. Echocardiography is essential in establishing the diagnosis in patients with cardiac masses. Although the visualization of thrombi is mostly difficult especially in left atrial appendix by transthoracic echocardiography, we herein demonstrated that a thrombus of the left atrial appendage can also be revealed by modified transthoracic echocardiographic windows.
Time‐predictable recurrence model for large earthquakes

We present historical and geomorphological evidence of a regularity in earthquake recurrence at three different sites of plate convergence around the Japan arcs. The regularity shows that the larger an earthquake is, the longer is the following quiet period. In other words, the time interval between two successive large earthquakes is approximately proportional to the amount of coseismic displacement of the preceding earthquake and not of the following earthquake. The regularity enables us, in principle, to predict the approximate occurrence time of earthquakes. The data set includes 1) a historical document describing repeated measurements of water depth at Murotsu near the focal region of Nankaido earthquakes, 2) precise levelling and /sup 14/C dating of Holocene uplifted terraces in the southern boso peninsula facing the Sagami trough, and 3) similar geomorphological data on exposed Holocene coral reefs in Kikai Island along the Ryukyu arc.
Viscosity dependent dual‐permeability modeling of liquid manure movement in layered, macroporous, tile drained soil

A scarcity of information exists on how physical processes govern the movement of liquid manure, or other viscous fluids, through layered macroporous soils. To elucidate these complex flow and transport phenomena, a viscosity dependent, two‐dimensional dual‐permeability model that considers macropore anisotropy is employed to simulate field experiments where liquid swine manure (LSM) was applied to silt loam with both a soil crust and plowpan layer present. Using data from the field experiment as a benchmark, the model was used to predict nutrient (NH4‐N and total P) breakthrough to tile drains; and to assess the influence of reduced permeability crust and plowpan layers, and fluid viscosity, on solute movement within 48 h of LSM application. Results demonstrate the importance of viscosity on flow and transport in macroporous soils. By increasing LSM viscosity, nutrient breakthrough to tile drains can be greatly reduced, and near surface nutrient retention can increase. The presence of a nonmacroporous soil crust layer can also lead to reduced nutrient concentrations in tile discharge by reducing pressure heads in the underlying A‐horizon soil matrix, resulting in reduced macropore flow; whereas a low permeability plowpan layer at the base of the A horizon can increase pressure heads in the A‐horizon soil matrix and lead to increased macropore flow. Multiple target point parameter sensitivity analysis revealed that relative parameter sensitivity can be a transient characteristic, and that hydraulic properties of the A and B horizon tend to exhibit their greatest influence over the respective early and late time solute breakthrough characteristics.
Program Analysis for High-Value Smart Contract Vulnerabilities: Techniques and Insights

A widespread belief in the blockchain security community is that automated techniques are only good for detecting shallow bugs, typically of small value. In this paper, we present the techniques and insights that have led us to repeatable success in automatically discovering high-value smart contract vulnerabilities. Our vulnerability disclosures have yielded 10 bug bounties, for a total of over $3M, over high-profile deployed code, as well as hundreds of bugs detected in pre-deployment or under-audit code. We argue that the elements of this surprising success are a) a very high-completeness static analysis approach that manages to maintain acceptable precision; b) domain knowledge, provided by experts or captured via statistical inference. We present novel techniques for automatically inferring domain knowledge from statistical analysis of a large corpus of deployed contracts, as well as discuss insights on the ideal precision and warning rate of a promising vulnerability detector. In contrast to academic literature in program analysis, which routinely expects false-positive rates below 50% for publishable results, we posit that a useful analysis for high-value real-world vulnerabilities will likely flag very few programs (under 1%) and will do so with a high false-positive rate (e.g., 95%, meaning that only one-of-twenty human inspections will yield an exploitable vulnerability).
Ischemic Stroke Intra-arterial Thrombolysis for Acute as a Prognostic Indicator Following Angiographic Assessment of Pial Collaterals

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study examines whether anatomic extent of pial collateral formation documented on angiography during acute thromboembolic stroke predicts clinical outcome and infarct volume following intra-arterial thrombolysis, compared with other predictive factors. METHODS: Angiograms, CT scans, and clinical information were retrospectively reviewed in 65 consecutive patients who underwent thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke. Clinical data included age, sex, time to treatment, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score on presentation of symptoms, NIHSS score at the time of hospital discharge, and modified Rankin scale score at time of hospital discharge. Site of occlusion, scoring of anatomic extent of pial collaterals before thrombolysis, and recanalization (complete, partial, or no recanalization) were determined on angiography. Infarct volume was measured on CT scans performed 24–48 hours after treatment. RESULTS: Fifty-three patients (82%) qualified for review. Both infarct volume and discharge modified Rankin scale scores were significantly lower for patients with better pial collateral scores than those with worse pial collateral scores, regardless of whether they had complete ( P < .0001) or partial ( P (cid:1) . 0095) recanalization. Adjusting for other factors, regression analysis models indicate that the infarct volume was significantly larger ( P < .0001) and modified discharge Rankin scale score and discharge NIHSS score significantly higher for patients with worse pial collateral scores. Similarly, adjusting for other factors, the infarct volume was significantly lower ( P (cid:1) . 0006) for patients with complete recanalization than patients with partial or no recanalization. CONCLUSIONS: Evaluation of pial collateral formation before thrombolytic treatment can predict infarct volume and clinical outcome for patients with acute stroke undergoing thrombolysis independent of other predictive factors. Thrombolytic treatment appears to have a greater
Lower‐Crustal Normal Faulting and Lithosphere Rheology in the Atlas Foreland

Earthquakes beneath the foreland basins of the Andes and Tibet are rare but follow a simple pattern, with normal faulting from 0 to 20 km depth and reverse‐faulting from 30 to 50 km depth. The switch in faulting style with depth suggests that the stresses generated by foreland flexure are large enough to break faults, with opposite senses of horizontal strain either side of a neutral surface in the mid‐crust. In this study, we document a 31 km‐deep Mw 5.2 normal‐faulting earthquake in the forelands of the Algerian Atlas Mountains near Biskra. The Biskra earthquake is of interest, as it indicates that the lower crust of the Atlas forelands is in extension at the same depth that the Tibetan and Andean forelands are in compression. In order to match the gravity anomalies and the depth of normal faulting near Biskra, we find that models of lithospheric flexure require the neutral surface to be >35 km deep and at least the top 5–10 km of the lithospheric mantle supports elastic bending stresses. The differences in the pattern of earthquakes between the forelands of Tibet, the Andes and the Algerian Atlas can be explained by differences in the buoyancy forces acting between these mountain ranges and their lowlands that place the forelands into varying amounts of net compression. Our results suggest the upper mantle beneath cratonic foreland lithosphere may therefore support bending stresses of the order of 10s of MPa, likely because it is cool and the strain rates associated with bending are low.
A High-Throughput Microfluidic Cell Sorter Using a Three-Dimensional Coupled Hydrodynamic-Dielectrophoretic Pre-Focusing Module

Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a powerful tool for label-free sorting of cells, even those with subtle differences in morphological and dielectric properties. Nevertheless, a major limitation is that most existing DEP techniques can efficiently sort cells only at low throughputs (<1 mL h−1). Here, we demonstrate that the integration of a three-dimensional (3D) coupled hydrodynamic-DEP cell pre-focusing module upstream of the main DEP sorting region enables cell sorting with a 10-fold increase in throughput compared to conventional DEP approaches. To better understand the key principles and requirements for high-throughput cell separation, we present a comprehensive theoretical model to study the scaling of hydrodynamic and electrostatic forces on cells at high flow rate regimes. Based on the model, we show that the critical cell-to-electrode distance needs to be ≤10 µm for efficient cell sorting in our proposed microfluidic platform, especially at flow rates ≥ 1 mL h−1. Based on those findings, a computational fluid dynamics model and particle tracking analysis were developed to find optimum operation parameters (e.g., flow rate ratios and electric fields) of the coupled hydrodynamic-DEP 3D focusing module. Using these optimum parameters, we experimentally demonstrate live/dead K562 cell sorting at rates as high as 10 mL h−1 (>150,000 cells min−1) with 90% separation purity, 85% cell recovery, and no negative impact on cell viability.
A study of precipitation scavenging of semivolatile organic compounds in a tropical area

[1] Rain samples were collected concurrently with gas phase and particulate samples from June 2007 to May 2008 in Singapore and processed to investigate precipitation scavenging of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). A comprehensive atmospheric scavenging model has been developed with inclusion of major atmospheric deposition processes such as particle scavenging, dissolution (Henry's law), and surface adsorption affecting the total scavenging ratio of SVOCs. This model was subsequently used in this study to calculate precipitation ratios. Total scavenging ratios ranged from (8.9 ± 4.3) × 104 to (1.2 ± 0.4) × 106 for PAHs and from (8.3 ± 5.1) × 104 to (4.9 ± 1.5) × 105 for OCPs. Particle scavenging rather than gas scavenging was the dominant removal mechanism, accounting for 86–99% for PAHs and 98–99% for OCPs in terms of the particle contribution to the total scavenging. The variation of both total and particle scavenging ratios over the study period is smaller compared to those reported in the literature, which might be attributed to uniform ambient temperature prevailing throughout the year in this tropical area. The effects of particle fraction, supercooled vapor pressure, and rainfall intensity on particle scavenging of SVOCs were assessed. The relationship between gas scavenging ratio and supercooled vapor pressure implied that the domination of gas scavenging might switch from dissolution to adsorption at supercooled vapor pressures around 10−3.5–10−4 Pa, especially for PAHs with five or more aromatic rings. The equations used to estimate total scavenging (WT) based on the particle fraction (Φ) can be summarized as log WT = 0.94 log Φ + 6.09 (R2 = 0.74) for PAHs and log WT = 0.82 log Φ + 6.34 (R2 = 0.62) for OCPs.
Lifetime achievement award.

Christine Norton is known to every nurse, not just specialists. All nurses encounter patients suffering incontinence at some time in their professional lives and Christine has perhaps done more than any other nurse to both research and develop interventions where there were none before. She was the founder member of the respected Continence Foundation, an organisation which echoes Christine's mission to raise public and professional awareness of continence and incontinence and to collaborate with other organisations to establish a powerful lobby.