Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Importance of Trividh Kukshiya Matravat Aahara in Relation to Digestion of the Food

According to Ayurveda food is one of the significant factors for health as well as source for diseases i.e., wholesome food is responsible for pleasure and unwholesome food is responsible for unhappiness. Alongside the quality of food, the quantity of food is also a lot of significant that how it is taken, on the grounds that food taken in ill-advised manner can prompt various diseases. Digestion of food is considered as one of the most important physiologic processes in our body to be of prime significance in conserving health. A nutritious eating regimen won't have the most extreme effect in promoting health unless the digestive capacity is optimal. Balanced Agni (digestive fire) is basic for appropriate digestion of food, for this reason the idea of Matravat ahara ought to be considered as portrayed in Trividhkukshiya viman adhyay. For proper digestion of food, it should be consumed in appropriate quantity as described in Trividh kukshiya adhyaya, where it is specifying that, stomach capacity is divided into 3 parts: One part of it is filled up with solid food, the second part with liquids and the third part is left for Vata, Pitta and Kapha. Thus, the good quality food taken in appropriate amount will nourish the tissue elements of the body along with mind and senses only when it is properly digested. This article aimed to signify importance of Trividh kukshiya matravata aahara for proper digestion.
Inorganic and polymer photonic sensor technologies in space missions

Several state-of-the-art key photonic components such as optical fiber Bragg gratings and electro optic modulators that may be used in sensor systems are examined for their interaction and performance in space radiation environments. The exposure of photonic devices to ionizing environments can result in complex matter-light-ionizing radiation response-interactions that may ultimately cause degradation or failure of sensor systems. Several recently investigated polymer materials and devices show an increased resistance to radiation, while others do not. A brief comparison of leading inorganic and polymer technologies and their respective resistance to ionizing radiation is presented.
The performance of optical phase-locked loops in the presence of nonnegligible loop propagation delay

The optical phase-locked loop is analyzed taking into account shot noise, phase noise, and loop propagation delay. The degradation of loop phase error due to propagation delay is evaluated in terms of the delay bandwidth product \omega_{n} \cdot \tau_{D} . This product was found to have a maximum value of 0.736 for absolute loop stability. The resulting effect on a Costas loop system optimized for zero time delay is discussed. It is found that in order to maintain a 10-9BER system performance with \xi = 1/2^{0.5}, R = 0.85 A/W, P_{DATA} = -59.2 dBm, and a 1-MHz beat linewidth, the delay time must be kept below 1.8 ns. If the beat linewidth increases to 15 MHz this figure drops to 0.12 ns.
Anomaly detection in the maritime domain

Defence R&D Canada is developing a Collaborative Knowledge Exploitation Framework (CKEF) to support the analysts in efficiently managing and exploiting relevant knowledge assets to achieve maritime domain awareness in joint operations centres of the Canadian Forces. While developing the CKEF, anomaly detection has been clearly recognized as an important aspect requiring R&D. An activity has thus been undertaken to implement, within the CKEF, a proof-of-concept prototype of a rule-based expert system to support the analysts regarding this aspect. This expert system has to perform automated reasoning and output recommendations (or alerts) about maritime anomalies, thereby supporting the identification of vessels of interest and threat analysis. The system must contribute to a lower false alarm rate and a better probability of detection in drawing operator's attention to vessels worthy of their attention. It must provide explanations as to why the vessels may be of interest, with links to resources that help the operators dig deeper. Mechanisms are necessary for the analysts to fine tune the system, and for the knowledge engineer to maintain the knowledge base as the expertise of the operators evolves. This paper portrays the anomaly detection prototype, and describes the knowledge acquisition and elicitation session conducted to capture the know-how of the experts, the formal knowledge representation enablers and the ontology required for aspects of the maritime domain that are relevant to anomaly detection, vessels of interest, and threat analysis, the prototype high-level design and implementation on the service-oriented architecture of the CKEF, and other findings and results of this ongoing activity.
Bisphenol A: Quantification in Complex Matrices and Removal by Anaerobic Sludges

The endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most commonly found micropollutants in the environment. However, the biodegradation of BPA under anaerobic (methanogenic) conditions is still an understudied process in wastewater treatment systems. The current study thus addresses the need for a simple and user-friendly analytical method for the rapid and accurate quantification of BPA in complex matrices such as digested and co-digester sludges. We established a microwave-assisted extraction method, followed by derivatization and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry to quantify BPA by comparing it with a deuterated internal standard. The BPA removal capabilities of three digester sludges and three co-digester sludges were examined under mesophilic methanogenic conditions in biogas plants. The endogenous BPA concentration (dry weight) ranged from 1596 to 10,973 µg kg−1 in digested sewage sludges, and from below the limit of quantification to 9069 µg kg−1 in co-digester sludges. When BPA was added to the sludges, the removal capabilities ranged from not significant to 50% after 21 days of incubation. Biogas production was unaffected by the addition of BPA (228 µg kg−1) to the aqueous sludge. The study demonstrated that BPA could be removed under anaerobic conditions in accustomed inoculates. The findings have far-reaching implications for understanding BPA persistence and detoxification under anaerobic conditions.
Diagnostic testing of in-situ power cables: an overview

Diagnostic testing of in-situ power cables is an emerging technology. Many diagnostic systems are being developed, both off-line and on-line that are providing much data. These data need interpretation and understanding as the technology emerges. This paper addresses some of the commercially available diagnostic methods and covers the field experiences with these diagnostics. Both PILC and polymeric insulated cables are included in the discussion.
Template Tracking and Visual Servoing for Alignment Tasks with Autonomous Underwater Vehicles

Abstract Alignment of underwater vehicles with respect to underwater structures is of utmost importance for many tasks performed in marine environments, specially for those requiring manipulation and, therefore, a specific and stable vehicle pose. These skills are crucial in the case of autonomous vehicles, where there is not a human in the loop in charge of tele-operating the vehicle to a suitable position and attitude with respect to the target. In this paper we apply 2D visual servoing techniques based on template tracking to the problem of autonomously reaching and keeping a vehicle pose relative to a target in a typical underwater intervention scenario. Assuming that the object of interest has been already detected, we develop a method that autonomously aligns the vehicle relative to it, and keeps the pose during the task. The method is validated, first in simulation, and then in a water tank with the Girona 500 vehicle
Biological Purpose Electronic Systems Improvement Motives

Biologic purpose (mainly used in the horticulture) electronic systems (ES) usage peculiarities are discussed. It was discovered that recently autonomous, on the biologic object (BO) nondependent ES are the most frequent. The motives that stimulate to improve such purpose electronic devices, to integrate and handle them using biologic system (BS) aim priorities, to realize biotronic schemas are enumerated. Using electronic plan leaf research system’s information processing schema there were the advantages of ES and BS, reserve information and its reliability evaluation peculiarities demonstrated, as well as the ways how to improve the reliability of BO condition prognosis. Ill. 6, bibl. 5 (in English; summaries in English, Russian and Lithuanian).
Population genetic structure of Gymnospermium scipetarum subsp. eddae (Berberidaceae), an endangered Forest endemic from the Southern Apennines (Italy)

Abstract Assessing genetic diversity of narrow endemic plants is essential for their conservation. Gymnospermium scipetarum subsp. eddae (Berberidaceae) is an Italian endemic limited to a narrow forest area in the southern Apennines. Here we used random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers to investigate population genetic differentiation and diversity in relation to distribution and microhabitat conditions. In all five extant populations and 134 individuals analysed we found a relatively low level of population genetic diversity (average Shannon-Weaver diversity index = 0.280; mean percentage of polymorphic bands = 57.45%; mean Nei’s gene diversity He = 0.187). Percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) at species level was higher than at the population level (83.33%), while total species diversity (He = 0.210) was comparable to that found in the two southernmost subpopulations. AMOVA revealed a weak differentiation among populations, which shared three genetic pools in their genetic structure. The estimated gene flow among populations was relatively high (mean Nm = 5.320), while the Mantel test revealed no significant correlation between geographical and genetic distances at the population level. We argue that information on genetic diversity of G. eddae have important implications for conservation programmes, particularly for the establishment of ex-situ collections and restocking conservation actions.
Continental Tectonics Inferred From High‐Resolution Imaging of the Mantle Beneath the United States, Through the Combination of USArray Data Types

A comprehensive North American upper mantle seismic‐tomographic model, NA13, was inferred from a combination of several decades of seismic data from early North American seismic networks and USArray data. This data‐driven modeling inverted a combination of regional waveform fits, teleseismic S delay times, and point constraints on Moho depths. The joint inversion model combines the contrasting and overlapping resolving power of the different data sets, and demonstrates enhanced resolution over regional models created with a single geophysical data set. Resolution in the upper mantle is achieved on the scale of ∼100 km, although travel time delay studies suggest that anomalies in parts of the western United States are smaller. In NA13, velocities beneath the Yellowstone plume are low enough to require the presence of partial melt. NA13 also models a variety of smaller scale velocity variations beneath the Central and Eastern United States that reveal remnant velocity anomalies related to lithospheric variations in the upper mantle between Proterozoic units.
A Method of English Test Knowledge Graph Construction

English is one of the key subjects of basic education in many countries; more and more students tend to learn English online. This paper takes middle school English texts as the research object and proposes a method of English test knowledge graph construction. Through acquiring the data, preprocessing the corpus, and designing feature vectors, this paper realizes to extract the English knowledge points from the tests based on SVM model and construct an English test knowledge graph. It is important to the standardization, automation and systematization of online education learning.
Camera-Based Lane Detection—Can Yellow Road Markings Facilitate Automated Driving in Snow?

Road markings are beneficial to human drivers, advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), and automated driving systems (ADS); on the contrary, snow coverage on roads poses a challenge to all three of these groups with respect to lane detection, as white road markings are difficult to distinguish from snow. Indeed, yellow road markings provide a visual contrast to snow that can increase a human drivers’ visibility. Yet, in spite of this fact, yellow road markings are becoming increasingly rare in Europe due to the high costs of painting and maintaining two road marking colors. More importantly, in conjunction with our increased reliance on automated driving, the question of whether yellow road markings are of value to automatic lane detection functions arises. To answer this question, images from snowy conditions are assessed to see how different representations of colors in images (color spaces) affect the visibility levels of white and yellow road markings. The results presented in this paper suggest that yellow markings provide a certain number of benefits for automated driving, offering recommendations as to what the most appropriate color spaces are for detecting lanes in snowy conditions. To obtain the safest and most cost-efficient roads in the future, both human and automated drivers’ actions must be considered. Road authorities and car manufacturers also have a shared interest in discovering how road infrastructure design, including road marking, can be adapted to support automated driving.
Correlación entre funcionamiento familiar y estilos de vida saludable en pacientes con cáncer colorrectal

Objetivo: analizar la relación entre el funcionamiento familiar y los estilos de vida saludable en los pacientes con cáncer colorrectal. Materiales y métodos: se trató de un estudio descriptivo transversal correlacional realizado entre febrero y noviembre de 2016 en Bogotá (Colombia). Se encuestaron 78 pacientes a quienes se les evaluó el funcionamiento familiar y los estilos de vida promotores de salud con los cuestionarios ASF-E y HPLP II respectivamente. Se estudió el grado de relación lineal entre las dos variables mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. Resultados: existe una correlación positiva entre el funcionamiento familiar y estilos de vida promotores de salud (r: 0,224, p<0,05). La dimensión actividad física de los estilos de vida saludable fue la que se asoció con un mejor funcionamiento familiar global (r: 0,303, p< 0,01) y con un mayor número de dimensiones (coherencia, individuación y mantenimiento) y metas (estabilidad, control y espiritualidad). Conclusiones: un mejor funcionamiento familiar de los pacientes con cáncer colorrectal se asocia positivamente con estilos de vida saludable.
Association of cutaneous melanoma with subsequent non-cutaneous malignancies - Who is at the greatest risk?

Background The risks of non-cutaneous malignancies following melanoma remain unclear. Our study aimed to investigate site-specic risks of subsequent non-cutaneous malignancies in melanoma survivors. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for articles reported on risks of subsequent non-cutaneous malignancies in melanoma survivors. Pooled proportions and standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were measured using both x-and random-effects models. Results A total of 26 studies were eventually included. Pooled data demonstrated that Prostate cancer (21.58 ‰ ) and breast cancer (18.98 ‰ ) were the most common second non-cutaneous malignancies after a primary melanoma, followed by colorectal cancer (7.78 ‰ ), lung cancer (5.95 ‰ ) and colon cancer (5.72 ‰ ). Moreover, the pooled SIRs were 1.23 (95% CI, 1.13–1.34) for prostate cancer, 1.16 (95% CI, 1.07–1.26) for breast cancer, 1.82 (95% CI, 1.60–2.07) for thyroid gland cancer, 1.67 (95% CI, 1.28–2.18) for lymphoid leukaemia, and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.79–0.95) for lung cancer. These �ndings were consistent after trim-and-ll analyses and restricting analyses to studies with two months lag periods.
A Continuing Role for Rickshaws in Dhaka, Bangladesh

ABSTRACT Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, has a unique problem in managing large volumes of cycle rickshaw traffic. This problem can only be solved by an integrated approach to urban and transportation planning which respects and is sensitive to the underlying social and economic role of this unique form of affordable door-to-door mode of transportation. This paper examines the reasoning behind some of the necessary measures to ensure that rickshaws can continue to play an important role in the city's life. These measures include an improvement in traffic management and enforcement schemes as well as an upgrading of the current rickshaws design for better passenger safety and to improve the welfare of the drivers.
Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis b infection in HIV infected children seen at national hospital Abuja

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus infection remains a global pandemic. Co infection with hepatitis B virus leads to rapid progression to AIDS if not diagnosed and promptly treated or better still prevented. The study aims at determining the prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B infection in HIV infected children being followed up at the Paediatric HIV clinic. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study of 261 HIV infected children aged eight months to fourteen years to determine the prevalence of Hepatitis B infection and pattern of hepatitis B vaccination was carried out between July and October 2012 at the Paediatric HIV clinic of National Hospital Abuja. Ethical approval was obtained from Ethical Committee of the hospital. Vaccination and transfusion history were obtained from the parents and guardians of the subjects using a proforma after signed informed consent. Blood samples were collected for Hepatitis B surface antigen screening and Hepatitis B screening in those with HBsAg positive blood samples. Results: Only 3 (1.15%) of the 261 HIV infected children had Hepatitis B infection. All the children less than 5 years old in this cohort received hepatitis B vaccination and none of them had Hepatitis B infection. The HIV/HBV co infected children were older than ten years (p = 0.047) and history of blood transfusion (p = 0.003) was also significant. However, scarification (p = 0.996), local circumcision (p = 0.928); uvulectomy (p = 0.898) were not significant risk factors in this cohort. Conclusion: There is need to intensify routine hepatitis B vaccination and routine screening of blood before necessary transfusion. This would further lead to a low prevalence of Hepatitis B in HIV infected children and the general populace at large.
Alstroemeria esteparica (Alstroemeriaceae) una nueva especie para la flora del Cono Sur de Sudamérica

A morphological and cytotaxonomic analysis of Alstroemeria patagonica Phil. populations is made, from the Chilean Patagonian steppe, in order to clarify questions about the variability of this taxonomic entity. 3 populations were analyzed (Estancia Bano Nuevo, Jeinimeni and Estancia Chacabuco). A detailed morphological study was conducted on field specimens collected for this purpose, plus samples of the SGO and CONC herbaria. In addition, a cytotaxonomic study from collected populations was performed, using the chromosomes as a source of taxonomic evidence. Results were compared with data from Alstroemeria pygmaea Herb. , in order to clarify the differences between these unifloral taxa and those with yellow flowers. The study results in the recognition of a new species of Alstroemeria for Chile and Argentina.
200 W low cost module integrated utility interface for modular photovoltaic energy systems

This paper describes the design of a utility interface for a 200 W solar cell array. The interface comprises high frequency soft switching PWM power conversion, analog and logic control and protection circuits and an analog maximum power point tracker (MPPT). All circuits are implemented with standard components (no microcontroller) and thus facilitates integration into ASIC components at a later development stage. The design emphasis is on module integration, low cost production and compliance with standards on utility interfacing. The special requirements of utility interfacing and solar cell array utilization are described and the design of the components of the utility interface is described. The theory and design are verified with the implemented laboratory prototype, which shows excellent performance and verifies the operation of the interface.
Study of high speed quenching circuits in photon counting imaging lidar system

Detection theory of single photon avalanche diodes(SPADs),which are applied in photon counting imaging light detection and ranging(LIDAR)system, is analyzed in detail in this paper. Four types of common quenching circuits based on SPADs, namely passive quenching, active quenching, gate-control quenching, and hybrid quenching circuits are studied. Furthermore,operational principle and performance characteristics of each of these four types of quenching circuits are fully discussed. Besides, an improved hybrid quenching circuit prone to be integrated with ASIC technology is brought up. Analysis shows that this new circuit can quench and reset SPADs with high speed, meeting the demands for qualities of quenching circuits in photon counting imaging LIDAR system. Also, results of theoretical study indicate that some performance indexes like response rate, quenching speed and dead time are satisfactory. Above all, this quenching circuit is simpler in structure and its cost is much smaller compared with common quenching circuits known to us in papers published so far. As a result, the prospect of this new circuit is probably good after more efforts are taken to integrate it with photon counting imaging LIDAR.
Accident investigations for active safety at CHALMERS – new demands require new methodologies

In order to develop efficient active safety systems, knowledge about what causes traffic accidents is required. One way to gather such knowledge is through traffic accident investigations. For the needs of active safety, most current accident investigation methodologies do not provide a sufficiently detailed or theoretically anchored analysis. Therefore, new studies need to be carried out using new theoretical frameworks and analysis methods. At CHALMERS, a new methodology called driving reliability and error analysis method has been developed and tried out during recent years. The methodology, as described and exemplified, shows good promise of meeting the needs of active safety accident investigation projects. Results from studies using the methodology also imply consequences for how benefit estimation of new active safety systems should be carried out.