Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Downregulation of miR-491-5p promotes neovascularization after traumatic brain injury

MicroRNA-491-5p (miR-491-5p) plays an important role in regulating cell proliferation and migration; however, the effect of miR-491-5p on neovascularization after traumatic brain injury remains poorly understood. In this study, a controlled cortical injury model in C57BL/6 mice and an oxygen-glucose deprivation model in microvascular endothelial cells derived from mouse brain were established to simulate traumatic brain injury in vivo and in vitro, respectively. In the in vivo model, quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction results showed that the expression of miR-491-5p increased or decreased following the intracerebroventricular injection of an miR-491-5p agomir or antagomir, respectively, and the expression of miR-491-5p decreased slightly after traumatic brain injury. To detect the neuroprotective effects of miR-491-p, neurological severity scores, Morris water maze test, laser speckle techniques, and immunofluorescence staining were assessed, and the results revealed that miR-491-5p downregulation alleviated neurological dysfunction, promoted the recovery of regional cerebral blood flow, increased the number of lectin-stained microvessels, and increased the survival of neurons after traumatic brain injury. During the in vitro experiments, the potential mechanism of miR-491-5p on neovascularization was explored through quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction, which showed that miR-491-5p expression increased or decreased in brain microvascular endothelial cells after transfection with an miR-491-5p mimic or inhibitor, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter and western blot assays verified that metallothionein-2 was a target gene for miR-491-5p. Cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry, and 2? ,7? -dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay results confirmed that the downregulation of miR-491-5p increased brain microvascular endothelial cell viability, reduced cell apoptosis, and alleviated oxidative stress under oxygen-glucose deprivation conditions. Cell scratch assay, Transwell assay, tube formation assay, and western blot assay results demonstrated that miR-491-5p downregulation promoted the migration, proliferation, and tube formation of brain microvascular endothelial cells through a metallothionein-2-dependent hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor pathway. These findings confirmed that miR-491-5p downregulation promotes neovascularization, restores cerebral blood flow, and improves the recovery of neurological function after traumatic brain injury. The mechanism may be mediated through a metallothionein-2-dependent hypoxia-inducible factor-1α/vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway and the alleviation of oxidative stress. All procedures were approved by Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (approval No. 2020-304) on June 22, 2020.
The short form of the SUR1 and its functional implications in the damaged brain

Sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) belongs to the adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family; however, SUR is associated with ion channels and acts as a regulatory subunit determining the opening or closing of the pore. Abcc8 and Abcc9 genes code for the proteins SUR1 and SUR2, respectively. The SUR1 transcript encodes a protein of 1582 amino acids with a mass around 140–177 kDa expressed in the pancreas, brain, heart, and other tissues. It is well known that SUR1 assembles with Kir6.2 and TRPM4 to establish KATP channels and non-selective cation channels, respectively. Abbc8 and 9 are alternatively spliced, and the resulting transcripts encode different isoforms of SUR1 and SUR2, which have been detected by different experimental strategies. Interestingly, the use of binding assays to sulfonylureas and Western blotting has allowed the detection of shorter forms of SUR (~65 kDa). Identity of the SUR1 variants has not been clarified, and some authors have suggested that the shorter forms are unspecific. However, immunoprecipitation assays have shown that SUR2 short forms are part of a functional channel even coexisting with the typical forms of the receptor in the heart. This evidence confirms that the structure of the short forms of the SURs is fully functional and does not lose the ability to interact with the channels. Since structural changes in short forms of SUR modify its affinity to ATP, regulation of its expression might represent an advantage in pathologies where ATP concentrations decrease and a therapeutic target to induce neuroprotection. Remarkably, the expression of SUR1 variants might be induced by conditions associated to the decrease of energetic substrates in the brain (e.g. during stroke and epilepsy). In this review, we want to contribute to the knowledge of SUR1 complexity by analyzing evidence that shows the existence of short SUR1 variants and its possible implications in brain function.
Assessment of Relationship of ABO Blood Groups in Oral Cancer Patients - A Retrospective Study

Introduction: India is a high-risk region for oropharyngeal cancer (OC) due to high prevalence of tobacco, betel nut, and alcohol and accounts for 30% of all new cases of oral cancer annually. Materials and Methods: Records of all 73 diagnosed cases of different types of OC and oropharynx patients were analyzed who reported in “Tobacco cessation center”' of the Institute between January 2017 and December 2019.The patients' demographic details, blood groups, oral habits, and clinicohistological records were obtained from the medical records available in the hospital. Results: OC incidence was 3.75 cases/year with male-to-female ratio 3.29:1. Mean age was 51.25 ± 13.6 years. The most common site of tumour presentation was mandibular alveolar ridge. Combined use of tobacco/betal nut/alcohol constituted the major cause for the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Majority patients were presented in Stage II (43.8%). Histopathological reports were suggestive of maximally well-differentiated (52.1%) OSCC. People with blood group A+ve had 3.22 times higher risk of developing OSCC compared to people of other blood groups. Discussion: Male: female ratio was reported higher than in most of other studies. Mandibular alveolus was the most frequent site because most of the patients tend to keep the tobacco quid in the buccal vestibule with close proximity to alveolus. The relative downregulation of glycosyl transferase that is involved in the biosynthesis of A and B antigens as seen in association with tumour development could be the reason for increased OC reported in blood group A subjects.
Identification and Characterization of Arbutus unedo L. Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Wild and Cultivated Trees for the Biological Control of Phytophthora cinnamomi

Arbutus unedo L. is a resilient tree with a circum-Mediterranean distribution. Besides its ecological relevance, it is vital for local economies as a fruit tree. Several microorganisms are responsible for strawberry tree diseases, leading to production constrictions. Thus, the development of alternative plant protection strategies is necessary, such as bacterial endophytes, which may increase their host’s overall fitness and productivity. As agricultural practices are a driving factor of microbiota, this paper aimed to isolate, identify and characterize endophytic bacteria from strawberry tree leaves from plants growing spontaneously in a natural environment as well as from plants growing in orchards. A total of 62 endophytes were isolated from leaves and identified as Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas and Staphylococcus. Although a slightly higher number of species was found in wild plants, no differences in terms of diversity indexes were found. Sixteen isolates were tested in vitro for their antagonistic effect against A. unedo mycopathogens. B. cereus was the most effective antagonist causing a growth reduction of 20% in Glomerella cingulata and 40% in Phytophthora cinnamomi and Mycosphaerella aurantia. Several endophytic isolates also exhibited plant growth-promoting potential. This study provides insights into the diversity of endophytic bacteria in A. unedo leaves and their potential role as growth promoters and pathogen antagonists.
A stable 3D Cd(II) metal–organic framework for highly sensitive detection of Cu2+ ions and nitroaromatic explosives

A Cd(II) coordination polymer, [Cd3(L)2(H2O)5]·(H2O)4 (1) (H3L = 9-(4-carboxy-phenyl)-9H-carbazoly-3,6-dicarboxylic acid) has been synthesized solvothermally. Compound 1 exhibits excellent luminescence and good stability in aqueous and DMF solution. In particular, 1 can detect Cu2+ ions through fluorescence quenching in aqueous solution. In addition, 1 also shows a highly sensitive response to some nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) in DMF solution. Thus, 1 can serve as a promising luminescent sensor for detecting Cu2+ ions and NACs.
"A Graph Similarity for Deep Learning"

TU datasets The TU datasets are at https://ls11-www.cs. tu-dortmund.de/staff/ morris/graphkerneldatasets. It is a collection of many graph classification datasets collected by Technische Universität Dortmund. Datasets may have graphs with categorical or continuous node attributes as well as edge attributes. As we focus on the graphs with continuous node attributes, we selected BZR, COX2, DHFR, ENZYMES, PROTEINS_full and Synthie, which have at most 2,000 graphs for fast test. The dataset AIDS is excluded since all models achieved close to or above 99% test accuracy on it.
Weighted Linear Mixed-Eﬀects Models

The WeMix package aims to fit a linear mixed model where units are nested inside groups,which may themselves be nested in groups,a model specified by Rabe-Hesketh and Skrondal (2006) and Rabe-Hesketh, Skrondal, and Pickles (2002) for the GLLAMM software. The advantage of fitting the model in nested levels is that survey sampling weights can be incorporated; the pseudo-likelihood, at the top level, is an integral that sums across the top-level groups, weighting each group or unit (in a two-level model) according to sampling weights.
Cyclical Housing Prices in Flatland

During the 2000s the most volatile housing markets in the United States were concentrated in Arizona, Florida, Nevada, and noncoastal California. These "Sand States" have sprawling cities surrounded by ample supplies of flat, buildable land. This puzzling combination of highly volatile housing prices and unlimited residential land is consistent with the predictions from this cyclic model of vacant land as an option to build. In the model a monocentric city has a negative rental gradient with development costs that do not depend on the radial distance of its expanding outer edge. All agents are equally informed about the uncertain, mean-reverting, future growth rates of housing demand. In equilibrium all development of rural land occurs during booms at the outer edge. Procyclical changes in land prices produce procyclical changes in housing price-rent ratios, which lead procyclical growth rates of housing rents. Land prices are more volatile than housing prices, which are more volatile than housing rents. During speculative booms housing prices can increase rapidly and exceed construction costs even at the rapidly expanding outer edge. These properties persist with a nearly flat housing price gradient.
Title: COVID-19 AND FOOD SAFETY: Risk Management and Future Considerations Contributors:

COVID-19, also known as the ‘novel coronavirus disease 2019’, is a respiratory illness and the causative pathogen is officially named as ‘SARS-CoV-2’. Infections with SARS-CoV-2 have now been amplified to a global pandemic – as of April 3, 2020, nearly 1,018,000 cases have been confirmed in more than 195 countries, including more than 300,000 cases within the United States. Public safety guidelines are followed worldwide to stop the spread of COVID-19 and stay healthy. Despite COVID-19 is a respiratory illness with mode of invasion through the respiratory tract, not the gastrointestinal tract, an average food consumer is anxious and concerned about the food safety. Could an individual catch the deadly contagious COVID-19 from groceries brought home from the supermarket – or from the next restaurant takeout order? This brief review elucidates the epidemiology and pathobiological mechanism(s) of SARS-CoV2 and its implications in food-borne infections, transmission via food surfaces, food processing and food handling. Origin of Coronavirus (CoV) and SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus (CoV) belongs to a large family of viruses that cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases. CoVs are positive-stranded enveloped RNA viruses belonging to the order Nidovirales, classified into four genera: Alpha, Beta, Delta and Gamma. Two of the Beta-CoVs, the severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV (MERS-CoV), have caused serious epidemics worldwide. In December 2019, a novel CoV (SARS-CoV-2) emerged from Wuhan, China, and spread rapidly to a global proportion. Although its original host remains unknown, all available data point to a
Image Translation: Verifiable Image Transformation Networks for Face Sketch-Photo and Photo-Sketch

In this paper, we propose a verifiable image transformation networks to transform face sketch to photo and vice versa. Face sketch-photo is very popular in computer vision applications. It has been used in some specific official departments such as law enforcement and digital entertainment. There are several existing face sketch-photo synthesizing methods that use feed-forward convolution neural networks; however, it is hard to assure whether the results of the methods are well mapped by depending only on loss values or accuracy results alone. In our approach, we use two Resnet encoder-decoder networks as image transformation networks. One is for sketch-photo and another is for photo-sketch. They depend on each other to verify their output results during training. For example, using photo-sketch transformation networks to verify the photo result of sketch-photo by inputting the result to the photo-sketch transformation networks and find loss between the reversed transformed result with ground-truth sketch. Likely, we can verify the sketch result as well in a reverse way. Our networks contain two loss functions such as sketch-photo loss and photo-sketch loss for the basic transformation stages and the other two-loss functions such as sketch-photo verification loss and photo-sketch verification loss for the verification stages. Our experiment results on CUFS dataset achieve reasonable results compared with the state-of-the-art approaches.
PORTING THE HAMMER FILE SYSTEM TO LINUX

Hammer [10] is a file system developed by Matt Dillon for DragonFly BSD. Hammer features large file systems up to 4096 TB, fine grained history retention (without requiring explicit checkpoints) and instant crash recovery. Hammer is only available for DragonFly BSD. My contribution consists in providing a port of this filesystem for Linux. This port is restricted to read operations only.
Computation of the variance-covariance matrix

Computing standard errors and confidence intervals for estimated parameters is a common task in regression analysis. These quantities allow the analyst to quantify the certainty (confidence) associated with the obtained estimates. In Countr two different approaches have been implemented to do this job. First, using asymptotic MLE (Maximum Likelihood Estimator) theory, numeric computation of the inverse Hessian matrix can be used as a consistent estimator of the variance-covariance matrix, which in turn can be used to derive standard errors and confidence intervals. The second option available in Countr is to use bootsrap (Efron et al., 1979). In this document, we give the user an overview of how to do to the computation in Countr. This vignette is part of package Countr (see Kharrat et al., 2019). Before starting our analysis, we need to load the useful packages. On top of Countr, the dplyr package (Wickham and Francois, 2016) will be used: library(Countr) library(dplyr) library(xtable) 1 Maximum Likelihood estimator (MLE)
Cell Stress Induces Mislocalization of Transcription Factors with Mitochondrial Enrichment

Previous evidence links the formation of extranuclear inclusions of transcription factors, such as ERK, Jun, TDP-43, and REST, with oxidative, endoplasmic-reticulum, proteasomal, and osmotic stress. To further characterize its extranuclear location, we performed a high-content screening based on confocal microscopy and automatized image analyses of an epithelial cell culture treated with hydrogen peroxide, thapsigargin, epoxomicin, or sorbitol at different concentrations and times to recreate the stresses mentioned above. We also performed a subcellular fractionation of the brain from transgenic mice overexpressing the Q331K-mutated TARDBP, and we analyzed the REST-regulated mRNAs. The results show that these nuclear proteins exhibit a mitochondrial location, together with significant nuclear/extranuclear ratio changes, in a protein and stress-specific manner. The presence of these proteins in enriched mitochondrial fractions in vivo confirmed the results of the image analyses. TDP-43 aggregation was associated with alterations in the mRNA levels of the REST target genes involved in calcium homeostasis, apoptosis, and metabolism. In conclusion, cell stress increased the mitochondrial translocation of nuclear proteins, increasing the chance of proteostasis alterations. Furthermore, TDP-43 aggregation impacts REST target genes, disclosing an exciting interaction between these two transcription factors in neurodegenerative processes.
Supplementary Text of A mathematical theory of cooperative communication

Numerous results on SK iteration have been proved. For instance, assuming uniform marginal distributions, SK iteration of a square M converges if and only if M has at least one positive diagonal [Sinkhorn and Knopp, 1967] and the limit must be a doubly stochastic matrix, which can be written as a convex combination of permutation matrices [Dufossé and Uçar, 2016]. SK iteration can be viewed as a continuous map [Sinkhorn, 1972]. For positive matrices, we illustrate, this map is in fact smooth, in particular differentiable. This allows to show that the unifying OT framework is robust to various perturbations on the common grounds and to derive precise gradient formula to recover (linear approximate) optimal communication plans (Section 3.2).
Marine Autonomous Vehicles

ABSTACT: The need for robotic technology transfer from the research labs to civilian applications is now a big problem for the robotic community. In the marine robotics market, it is especially important to equip the robot with a safe and highly reliable Navigation Guidance and Control (NGC) system that allows the Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) to navigate safely even in the presence of human activities such as commercial and recreational traffic, swimming, rowers, etc. A crucial factor for successful autonomous navigation is the robot's ability to detect the existence of an unpredictable, potentially moving, obstacle well in advance. This role represents the base brick for developing smart enough collision avoidance systems to reactively detect unexpected obstacles and execute the appropriate avoidance maneuvers to prevent collisions in a safe manner. The present paper describes the design of an innovative sensor for the detection of obstacles, combining both passive and active optical devices and based on a new optronic system concept. It is designed specifically for collision avoidance tasks in marine environments, designed to be easily mounted on small to medium sized USVs. Its innovation lies in the interaction between the various integrated sensors, which are in fact completely decoupled. The paper presents together with the preliminary mechanical design, the functional architecture of the sensor for object detection. In addition, some experimental data collected by the sensor are reported, and some simulations are displayed, highlighting the system's ability to detect and correctly avoid both still obstacles and mobile obstacles passing through.
SSC21-WKII-09 HERON: Demonstrating a Novel Biological Platform for Small Satellite Missions

Long-duration deep space missions pose a signiﬁcant health risk for both humans and their resident microorganisms. The GeneSat, PharmaSat and O/OREOS missions have previously explored biological questions regarding the eﬀects of spaceﬂight on S. cerevisiase , B.subtilis , and E. coli . However, there currently exists both a knowledge and an accessibility gap in small satellite biological experiments. These payloads require precise instrumentation and complex platforms that are usually reserved for large research organizations. This makes it diﬃcult for smaller organizations to perform biological research in low Earth orbit (LEO). To address these challenges, the University of Toronto Aerospace Team (UTAT) Space Systems Division is currently developing the HERON CubeSat. HERON houses a payload platform which measures the eﬀects of the LEO environment on the gene expression and drug resistance of Candida albicans , a yeast commonly found in the human gut microbiome. Previous research has suggested that C. albicans might display increased pathogenicity and drug resistance in response to microgravity, which has important implications for long-duration human spaceﬂight. The yeast cells are housed in custom acrylic microﬂuidics chips containing 32 wells with channels for media and drug delivery. A measurement printed circuit board (PCB) contains custom optics capable of measuring minute changes in cell ﬂuorescence. The entire payload stack is then housed in a temperature- and humidity-controlled 2U pressure vessel. Space Systems as a whole is an
Treatment of waste water by coagulation and flocculation using biomaterials

The present study deals with the determination of physical and chemical parameters in the treatment process of waste water by flocculation and coagulation processes using natural coagulants and assessing their feasibility for water treatment by comparing the performance with each other and with a synthetic coagulant. Initial studies were done on the synthetic waste water to determine the optimal pH and dosage, the activity of natural coagulant, followed by the real effluent from tannery waste. The raw tannery effluent was bluish-black in colour, mildly basic in nature, with high COD 4000mg/l and turbidity in the range 700NTU, was diluted and dosed with organic coagulants, AloeVera, MoringaOleifera and Cactus (O.ficus-indica). The study observed that coagulant Moringa Oleifera of 15 mg/L dose at 6 pH gave the best reduction efficiencies for major physicochemical parameters followed by Aloe Vera and Cactus under identical conditions. The study reveals that the untreated tannery effluents can be treated with environmental confirmative naturally occurring coagulants.