Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hyaluronic acid modified carbon nanotubes using for photothermal therapy by promoting apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells

Background: The present work illustrates the role of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in photothermal therapy. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor of the head and neck with significant ethnic and geographic differences, and conventional treatment options are no longer suitable to improve the prognosis and survival of patients. Photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as a new strategy for oncology treatment in recent years and is now used in the treatment of many common cancers. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) have been used to advantage in several fields due to their excellent thermal conductivity. The aim of this paper is to investigate the promotion of apoptosis of nasopharyngeal cancer cells by multi-walled carbon nanotubes as an adjuvant nanomaterial for nasopharyngeal cancer photothermal therapy. Methods: Carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and prepared multi-walled carbon nanotube-hyaluronic acid (MWCNT-HA) composites were used for cell proliferation-related experiments such as CCK-8 assay, live-dead staining and flow cytometric analysis and inverted fluorescence microscopy to determine the expression level of apoptotic factors and confocal microscopy cell morphology analysis on nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-1 cells under near-infrared laser irradiation. The effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells under NIR response were elucidated, and the mechanism of apoptosis was explored. Results: TEM and SEM demonstrated that MWCNT had good appearance morphology and the temperature rise curve indicated excellent photothermal stability. And MWCNT and MWCNT-HA could significantly inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells and change the normal morphology of cells under NIR laser irradiation. Cellular immunofluorescence analysis confirmed that MWCNT-HA significantly upregulated the expression level of apoptosis factor Caspase-3 and significantly downregulated the expression level of anti-apoptosis factor Bcl-2. Conclusion: In this study, MWCNT inhibited the proliferation of tumor cells and promoted apoptosis through the use of multi-walled carbon nanotubes as an adjuvant nanomaterial for photothermal therapy. In addition, multi-walled carbon nanotubes could inhibit the mitochondrial pathway of CNE-1 cells to cause cell death. These studies suggest that multi-walled carbon nanotubes can function as efficient photothermal conversion materials for tumor photothermal therapy.
HURP localization in metaphase is the result of a multi-step process requiring its phosphorylation at Ser627 residue

Faithful chromosome segregation during cell division requires accurate mitotic spindle formation. As mitosis occurs rapidly within the cell cycle, the proteins involved in mitotic spindle assembly undergo rapid changes, including their interactions with other proteins. The proper localization of the HURP protein on the kinetochore fibers, in close proximity to chromosomes, is crucial for ensuring accurate congression and segregation of chromosomes. In this study, we employ photoactivation and FRAP experiments to investigate the impact of alterations in microtubule flux and phosphorylation of HURP at the Ser627 residue on its dynamics. Furthermore, through immunoprecipitations assays, we demonstrate the interactions of HURP with various proteins, such as TPX2, Aurora A, Eg5, Dynein, Kif5B, and Importin β, in mammalian cells during mitosis. We also find that phosphorylation of HURP at Ser627 regulates its interaction with these partners during mitosis. Our findings suggest that HURP participates in at least two distinct complexes during metaphase to ensure its proper localization in close proximity to chromosomes, thereby promoting the bundling and stabilization of kinetochore fibers.
Small gas adsorption on 2D material SnSe: a first-principles study

SnSe not only has a large surface-to-volume ratio, but also provides enough space to adsorb small-molecule gases owing to its unique wrinkled structure, so it exhibits great application prospects in gas sensing. In this study, we have comprehensively investigated the adsorption properties of H2, N2, CO, CO2, H2S, H2O, NH3, NO, SO2, and NO2 on SnSe by the first-principles density functional theory, and have analyzed the sensing potential of SnSe for these small gas molecules. It is found that only NO and SO2 have suitable adsorption energies, showing that they can be stably adsorbed on the SnSe substrate and easily desorbed under certain conditions. Moreover, NO adsorption introduces a magnet moment that can be differentiated from SO2 and NO2. Additionally, according to the calculation results of the statistical thermodynamics model and nonequilibrium Green’s function method, SO2 possesses enormous adsorption density and larger current than NO under the same condition. Therefore, SnSe is promising for reversible SO2 sensing.
Post-COVID-19 Sydenham Chorea: A Case Report

Sydenham chorea, or rheumatic chorea, is a movement disorder that is more prevalent among young people, with a mean age at symptom onset between 8 and 9 years. The condition is more common in females. Sydenham chorea is associated with rheumatic fever and is considered the most common cause of acute chorea in children. We believe that the present case is worth reporting since the occurrence of Sydenham chorea as a post-COVID-19 sequela has not been described in Brazil. We report here the case of a 14-year-old girl with symptoms of acute chorea that emerged 15 days after treatment resolution of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). Brain computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging scans showed no changes, and the laboratory tests revealed no signs of an active infectious process. In contrast, neurological positron-emission tomography/CT showed mild glycolytic hypometabolism in the bilateral mesial frontal region. Administration of an oral anticonvulsant resulted in a marked improvement in her symptoms. Despite major efforts of the scientific community for discovering treatments, preventive methods, mechanisms of action, and possible sequelae of SARS-CoV-2, there is still a long way to go to better understand this devastating pathological agent that has affected the global population.
Aspects of Isotropy in Small Categories

In the paper [FHS12], the authors announce the discovery of an invariant for Grothendieck toposes which they call the isotropy group of a topos. Roughly speaking, the isotropy group of a topos carries algebraic data in a way reminiscent of how the subobject classifier carries spatial data. Much as we like to compute invariants of spaces in algebraic topology, we would like to have tools to calculate invariants of toposes in category theory. More precisely, we wish to be in possession of theorems which tell us how to go about computing (higher) isotropy groups of various toposes. As it turns out, computation of isotropy groups in toposes can often be reduced to questions at the level of small categories and it is therefore interesting to try and see how isotropy behaves with respect to standard constructions on categories. We aim to provide a summary of progress made towards this goal, including results on various commutation properties of higher isotropy quotients with colimits and the way isotropy quotients interact with categories collaged together via certain nice kinds of profunctors. The latter should be thought of as an analogy for the Seifert-van Kampen theorem, which allows computation of fundamental groups of spaces in terms of fundamental groups of smaller subspaces.
Translation, Adaptation, and Cross Language Validation of the Revised Version of Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire’07 (DCDQ’07) in Urdu Language (DCDQ-UR)

The current study analyses children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) who face difficulty in learning through physical activities. Such children find it more difficult while performing movement skills, learning new physical tasks, and applying self-help skills in their day to day life. These functional limitations at times lead towards the range of other psychological and emotional problems. The application of valid and reliable screening and diagnostic tool is a prerequisite to start appropriate rehabilitation services. The current study aims to translate and validate DCDQ’07 into Urdu language for Pakistani population in order to identify children with DCD. This step is especially taken because there is no screening tool available in Urdu language. So far children with DCD have severely been understudied in Pakistan. The current study was divided into two phases, preliminary and main studies. The preliminary phase revealed the process of translation and cross language validation of the scale. The main study was conducted on a sample of 70 children at risk of DCD to establish psychometric properties of DCDQ-UR. Results demonstrated the adequate test-retest reliability, significant inter-item correlation, item total correlation and item loading scores. The DCDQ-UR has proved to be a valid and reliable scale for screening of children with DCD in the age ranging from 5 to 15 years among Pakistani population.
Shedding Light on the Role of Sample Sizes and Splitting Proportions in Out-of-Sample Tests: A Monte Carlo Cross-Validation Approach

We examine whether the popular 2/3 rule-of-thumb splitting criterion used in out-of-sample evaluation of predictive econometric and machine learning models makes sense. We conduct simulations regarding the predictive performance of the logistic regression and decision tree algorithm when considering varying splitting points as well as sample sizes. Our non-exhaustive repeated random sub-sampling simulation approach known as Monte Carlo cross-validation indicates that while the 2/3 rule-of-thumb works, there is a spectrum of different splitting proportions that yield equally compelling results. Furthermore, our results indicate that the size of the complete sample has little impact on the applicability of the 2/3 rule-of-thumb. However, our analysis reveals that when considering relatively small and relatively large training samples in relation to the sample size, the variation of the predictive accuracy can lead to misleading results. Our results are especially important for IS researchers considering the usage of out-of-sample methods for evaluating their predictive models.
Palliative-Care-Konzepte für Patienten und Familien

Jeder zehnte Mensch in Deutschland stirbt auf einer Intensivstation. In der Diskussion um Überversorgung am Lebensende gewinnen palliative Ansätze, die Selbstbestimmung und Lebensqualität in den Mittelpunkt stellen, an Bedeutung. Welche evidenzbasierten Interventionen für den Einsatz auf Intensivstationen geeignet und umsetzbar sind, haben die Autoren in ihrer Masterarbeit untersucht. Die wichtigsten Ergebnisse werden in diesem Beitrag zusammengefasst.
Health Information Exchange: Understanding the Policy Landscape and Future of Data Interoperability

Summary Objectives : To review recent literature on health information exchange (HIE), focusing on the policy approach of five case study nations: the United States of America, the United Kingdom, Germany, Israel, and Portugal, as well as synthesize lessons learned across countries and provide recommendations for future research. Methods : A narrative review of each nation’s HIE policy frameworks, current state, and future HIE strategy. Results : Key themes that emerged include the importance of both central decision-making as well as local innovation, the multiple and complex challenges of broad HIE adoption, and the varying role of HIE across different national health system structures. Conclusion : HIE is an increasingly important capability and policy priority as electronic health record (EHR) adoption becomes more common and care delivery is increasingly digitized. While all five case study nations have adopted some level of HIE, there are significant differences across their level of data sharing infrastructure and maturity, and each nation took a different policy approach. While identifying generalizable strategies across disparate international systems is challenging, there are several common themes across successful HIE policy frameworks, such as the importance of central government prioritization of data sharing. Finally, we make several recommendations for future research to expand the breadth and depth of the literature on HIE and guide future decision-making by policymakers and practitioners.
Resistant and remediating design

Abstract Little is known about designers’ experience in fast-paced sprint work. This article draws on case work research within consulting and in-house design teams that sheds light on this important topic. The findings indicated differences in digital designers’ practices and occupational experiences. Designers reported stress in working in extreme agile delivery teams and struggles in maintaining design integrity in scrum development. Resilience strategies that habituate designers in work contexts were also identified from the research. These stratagems combined remediating methods together with principled practitioner resistance. In the final inquiry, fifty-seven participants from in-house and consulting design teams were surveyed. The results indicated significant differences between the cohorts including higher levels of job satisfaction for consultants. This group also applied the remediating practices and positive resistance strategies to a greater extent than their in-house peers. These differences suggest that the occupational context of design is a fundamental influence on real world practice.
Testing physics beyond the standard model through additional clock transitions in neutral ytterbium

We study the prospects of using transitions from the ytterbium ground state to metastable states at $E=19710.388~$cm$^{-1}$ and $E=23188.518~$cm$^{-1}$ as clock transitions in an optical lattice clock. Having more than one clock transition in Yb could benefit the search for new physics beyond the Standard Model via studying the non-linearity of King's plot or the time-variation of the ratio of the frequencies of two clock transitions. We calculate the lifetime of the states, relevant transition amplitudes, systematic shifts, and the sensitivity of the clock transitions to a variation of the fine structure constant. We find that both clock transitions can probably support very high precision, similar to what is already achieved for the $^1$S$_0$ - $^3$P$^{\rm o}_0$ clock transition.
Anisotropic Superexchange Interaction and Weak Ferromagnetism

A theory of anisotropic superexchange interaction is developed by extending the Anderson theory of superexchange to include spin-orbit coupling. The antisymmetric spin coupling suggested by Dzialoshinski from purely symmetry grounds and the symmetric pseudodipolar interaction are derived. Their orders of magnitudes are estimated to be ($\frac{\ensuremath{\Delta}g}{g}$) and ${(\frac{\ensuremath{\Delta}g}{g})}^{2}$ times the isotropic superexchange energy, respectively. Higher order spin couplings are also discussed. As an example of antisymmetric spin coupling the case of Cu${\mathrm{Cl}}_{2}$\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}2${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$O is illustrated. In Cu${\mathrm{Cl}}_{2}$\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}2${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$O, a spin arrangement which is different from one accepted so far is proposed. This antisymmetric interaction is shown to be responsible for weak ferromagnetism in $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, MnC${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$, and Cr${\mathrm{F}}_{3}$. The paramagnetic susceptibility perpendicular to the trigonal axis is expected to increase very sharply near the N\'eel temperature as the temperature is lowered, as was actually observed in Cr${\mathrm{F}}_{3}$.
Facets for Continuous Multi-Mixing Set and Its Generalizations: Strong Cuts for Multi-Module Capacitated Lot-Sizing Problem

The research objective of this dissertation is to develop new facet-defining valid inequalities for several new multi-parameter multi-constraint mixed integer sets. These valid inequalities result in cutting planes that significantly improve the efficiency of algorithms for solving mixed integer programming (MIP) problems involving multimodule capacity constraints. These MIPs arise in many classical and modern applications ranging from production planning to cloud computing. The research in this dissertation generalizes cut-generating methods such as mixed integer rounding (MIR), mixed MIR, continuous mixing, n-step MIR, mixed n-step MIR, migling, and n-step mingling, along with various well-known families of cuts for problems such as multi-module capacitated lot-sizing (MMLS), multi-module capacitated facility location (MMFL), and multi-module capacitated network design (MMND) problems. More specifically, in the first step, we introduce a new generalization of the continuous mixing set, referred to as the continuous multi-mixing set, where the coefficients satisfy certain conditions. For each n′ ∈ {1, . , n}, we develop a class of valid inequalities for this set, referred to as the n′-step cycle inequalities, and present their facet-defining properties. We also present a compact extended formulation for this set and an exact separation algorithm to separate over the set of all n′-step cycle inequalities for a given n′ ∈ {1, . , n}. In the next step, we extend the results of the first step to the case where conditions on the coefficients of the continuous multi-mixing set are relaxed. This leads to an extended formulation and a generalization of the n-step cycle inequalities, n ∈ N, for the continuous multi-mixing set with general coefficients. We also show that these inequalities are facet-defining in many cases.
Different Perspectives on the Phylogeny of Mordellidae (Coleoptera) Provided by Two Regions of the mtDNA COI Gene

Abstract. The cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene has been used broadly as a DNA barcoding region or and relevant molecular marker for phylogenetic reconstruction. The exact region that has been standardized as a universal barcode is the one amplified by Folmer's primers HCO-LCO. Nevertheless, many other primers have been developed for the amplification of the COI gene, among them the Jerry-Pat primers. This paper aims to analyze the performance of different regions of the COI, in particular those amplified by Folmer's and Jerry-Pat primers, on different taxonomic levels by using specimens from a complex and homogeneous beetle family, Mordellidae Latreille, 1802. To achieve this goal, we used two different datasets: Jerry-Pat matrix included 48 sequences from specimens sampled in the field and 19 sequences from GenBank, whereas Folmer's matrix included 91 sequences from BOLD; representing 24 and 85 species respectively. Our results show different properties of both COI regions regarding GC content (3.7% lower in Jerry-Pat fragment), sequence length, interspecific divergence, evolutionary models, and saturation analyses. We also found that the two studied regions of the COI perform differently, showing notable differences in the topology of the reconstructed trees. Finally, a discussion of the pros and cons of each region is provided. This is a first glance at the molecular data of Mordellidae, where we provided a general picture of the evolutionary history of the family and included new sequences for Mediimorda Méquignon, 1946 and Stenalia Mulsant, 1856.
Angle resolved photo electron spectrometer for hard x-ray photon diagnostics at the European XFEL

We have developed and commissioned an angle-resolved photoelectron spectrometer, based on the electron time-of-flight concept, for hard x-ray photon diagnostics at the European Free-Electron Laser. The instrument provides users and operators with pulse-resolved, non-invasive spectral distribution diagnostics, which in the hard x-ray regime is a challenge due to the poor cross-section and high kinetic energy of photoelectrons for the available target gases. We report on the performance of this instrument as obtained using hard x-rays at the PETRA III synchrotron at DESY and the SASE1 beamline at the European XFEL. We demonstrate a resolving power of 10 eV at incident photon energies up to 20 keV.
Planar Homography Estimation from Traffic Streams via Energy Functional Minimization

The 3x3 homography matrix specifies the mapping between two images of the same plane as viewed by a pinhole camera. Knowledge of the matrix allows one to remove the perspective distortion and apply any similarity transform, effectively making possible the measurement of distances and angles on the image. A rectified road scene for instance, where vehicles can be segmented and tracked, gives rise to ready estimates of their velocities and spacing or categorization of their type. Typical road scenes render the classical approach to homography estimation difficult. The Direct Linear Transform is highly susceptible to noise and usually requires refining via an further nonlinear penalty minimization. Additionally, the penalty is a function of the displacement between measured and calibrated coordinates, a quantity unavailable in a scene for which we have no knowledge of the road coordinates. We propose instead to achieve metric rectification via the minimization of an energy that measures the violation of two constraints: the divergence-free nature of the traffic flow and the orthogonality of the flow and transverse directions under the true transform. Given that an homography is only determined up to scale, the minimization is
Evaluation of the Global Health Security Index as a predictor of COVID-19 excess mortality standardised for under-reporting and age structure

Background Previous studies have observed that countries with the strongest levels of pandemic preparedness capacities experience the greatest levels of COVID-19 burden. However, these analyses have been limited by cross-country differentials in surveillance system quality and demographics. Here, we address limitations of previous comparisons by exploring country-level relationships between pandemic preparedness measures and comparative mortality ratios (CMRs), a form of indirect age standardisation, of excess COVID-19 mortality. Methods We indirectly age standardised excess COVID-19 mortality, from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation modelling database, by comparing observed total excess mortality to an expected age-specific COVID-19 mortality rate from a reference country to derive CMRs. We then linked CMRs with data on country-level measures of pandemic preparedness from the Global Health Security (GHS) Index. These data were used as input into multivariable linear regression analyses that included income as a covariate and adjusted for multiple comparisons. We conducted a sensitivity analysis using excess mortality estimates from WHO and The Economist. Results The GHS Index was negatively associated with excess COVID-19 CMRs (table 2; β= −0.21, 95% CI= −0.35 to −0.08). Greater capacities related to prevention (β= −0.11, 95% CI= −0.22 to −0.00), detection (β= −0.09, 95% CI= −0.19 to −0.00), response (β = −0.19, 95% CI= −0.36 to −0.01), international commitments (β= −0.17, 95% CI= −0.33 to −0.01) and risk environments (β= −0.30, 95% CI= −0.46 to −0.15) were each associated with lower CMRs. Results were not replicated using excess mortality models that rely more heavily on reported COVID-19 deaths (eg, WHO and The Economist). Conclusion The first direct comparison of COVID-19 excess mortality rates across countries accounting for under-reporting and age structure confirms that greater levels of preparedness were associated with lower excess COVID-19 mortality. Additional research is needed to confirm these relationships as more robust national-level data on COVID-19 impact become available.