Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Neighborhood Social Capital and the Health of Chinese Urban Elderly: An Analysis Based on CHARLS2018 Data

There is growing interest in the relationship between neighborhood social capital and the health of urban older people, but existing research still falls short in exploring the relationship between the two. Based on 2018 CHARLS data, this paper quantitatively examines the association between neighborhood social capital and the self-rated health of urban older people. The study found that, after controlling for a series of variables, both increased social interaction and increased frequency of social interaction significantly improved urban older people’s self-rated health. To implement the Health China strategy and improve the health of urban older people, further attention should be paid to the role of neighborhood social capital, creating a harmonious environment for neighborhood interaction and promoting the cultivation of neighborhood social capital.
Flow Past Large Obstructions Between Corotating Disks in Fixed Cylindrical Enclosures

Numerical calculations have been performed for isothermal, laminar, three-dimensional flow past one or two fixed obstructions radially aligned and symmetrically located between a pair of disks corotating in a fixed cylindrical enclosure. The single-obstruction cases respectively model the influence on the flow of (a) a magnetic head arm support and (b) an air lock. The dual-obstruction cases model the simultaneous presence of these two objects. The air lock produces an interdisk cross-stream plane blockage of 62% while the two head arm supports produce blockages of 31% and 62%, respectively. For the cases with the air lock and arm support simultaneously present, the circumferential angle between them is fixed to 40° or 80°. Velocity, pressure, shear stress and the disk torque coefficient are predicted mostly for a Reynolds number (Re = Ω R22/v) corresponding to 10,000, approximately, where R2, Ω, and v are the disk radius, the disk angular velocity in rad/s, and the kinematic viscosity of air at 300 K, respectively. The calculations show that a large blockage significantly alters the interdisk flow characteristics by markedly raising the pressure ahead of an obstruction and accelerating the flow through the empty space around it. This induces a detached reversed flow region ahead of the obstruction quite distinct from that in its wake. The disk surface pressure distributions point to a potential source of dynamical instability in rotating disk flows with obstructions. The variations of the disk torque coefficient with Re and geometry generally agree with the theoretical expression of Humphrey et al. (1992). It is shown that the bulk of the drag on an obstruction is form drag as opposed to friction drag.
Cadmium Disrupted ER Ca2+ Homeostasis by Inhibiting SERCA2 Expression and Activity to Induce Apoptosis in Renal Proximal Tubular Cells

Cadmium (Cd2+) exposure induces chronic kidney disease and renal cancers, which originate from injury and cancerization of renal tubular cells. Previous studies have shown that Cd2+ induced cytotoxicity by disrupting the intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis that is physically regulated by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ store. However, the molecular mechanism of ER Ca2+ homeostasis in Cd2+-induced nephrotoxicity remains unclear. In this study, our results firstly revealed that the activation of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) by NPS R-467 could protect against Cd2+ exposure-induced cytotoxicity of mouse renal tubular cells (mRTEC) by restoring ER Ca2+ homeostasis through the ER Ca2+ reuptake channel sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA). Cd2+-induced ER stress and cell apoptosis were effectively abrogated by SERCA agonist CDN1163 and SERCA2 overexpression. In addition, in vivo, and in vitro results proved that Cd2+ reduced the expressions of SERCA2 and its activity regulator phosphorylation phospholamban (p-PLB) in renal tubular cells. Cd2+-induced SERCA2 degradation was suppressed by the treatment of proteasome inhibitor MG132, which suggested that Cd2+ reduced SERCA2 protein stability by promoting the proteasomal protein degradation pathway. These results suggested that SERCA2 played pivotal roles in Cd2+-induced ER Ca2+ imbalance and stress to contribute to apoptosis of renal tubular cells, and the proteasomal pathway was involved in regulating SERCA2 stability. Our results proposed a new therapeutic approach targeting SERCA2 and associated proteasome that might protect against Cd2+-induced cytotoxicity and renal injury.
Structure transition in Cu crystallization

Phase transition is a central topic in condensed matter physics. In this paper, as a general representative of phase transition, Cu crystallization is discussed. And some physical quantities are defined to quantificationally describe the structure-property in Cu crystallization, especially its symmetry. In a conclusion, it is indicated that there are some significant alterations of structure-property in Cu crystallization. And not only that its global symmetry has a breaking, but also the local symmetry becomes not uniform anymore.
Online Public Transit Ridership Monitoring Through Passive WiFi Sensing

Online public transit ridership information is helpful to enhance the service quality of urban public transportation and the travel experiences of passengers. Passive WiFi sensing collects WiFi probe (request) frames sent by nearby mobile devices in a non-intrusive manner, and can thus be employed to monitor ridership. Compared with the existing non-WiFi based approaches, passive WiFi sensing based approaches demonstrate the advantages of limited interferences, large coverage, low costs and lightweight calculations. More recently, although some dedicated passive WiFi sensing based methods have been proposed in an offline mode, due to sniffing opportunistically, unknown dynamic transmission boundary, MAC randomization and the difficulty in online feature extraction, how to utilize limited sensing data to provide accurate online ridership information is still challenging. To this end, an innovative public transit ridership monitoring system built upon a customized WiFi sniffer and an online ridership estimation algorithm is developed. In the algorithm, a convolutional neural network (CNN) module and a bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) neural network module are first adopted to find correlations among inputs and capture the bidirectional time-series features, respectively; furthermore, an attention module is incorporated to determine the importance of an input sequence at different times. Real-world experiments are carried out on 8 buses corresponding to 4 bus routes in Hohhot, China. The evaluation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the other 4 online algorithms and the state-of-the-art offline algorithm.
Time lags in biological models

1. Introduction. - a. Discrete and Distributed Lag. - b. Origin of Lags in Biological Models. - c. Lag as an Alternative to Age Structure. - d. Lag as an Alternative to Spatial Structure. - e. The Effects of Lag. - f. Lags and Stochastic Models. - 2. Stability Analysis. - a. The Linear Chain Trick. - b. Instantaneous Models. - c. Models with a Single Discrete Lag. - d. Models with a Single Distributed Lag. - e. An Inequality for Distributed Lag. - f. The Monod Chemostat Model. - g. May's Model of Obligate Mutualism. - 3. Periodic Solutions. - a. Periodic Solutions of the Linear Chain Equations. - b. The Method of Hastings, Tyson and Webster. - c. Hopf Bifurcation. - d. Numerical Integration. - 4. Logistic Growth of a Single Species. - a. Discrete Lag. - b. Distributed Lag in a Model of a Self-poisoning Population. - c. Linear Chain Calculations. - d. Hopf and H.T. W. Methods. - e. Constant Harvesting of a Population in the Presence of Lag. - f. Poincare-Lindstedt Method for Discrete Lag. - g. An Epidemic Model Related to the Logistic Equation. - 5. Biochemical Oscillator Model. - a. The Goodwin Model. - b. Necessary Condition for Instability. - c. Expanding the Set of Equations. - d. A Single Goodwin Equation with Lag. - e. Discrete Lag in the Goodwin Equation. - 6. Models of Haemopoiesis. - a. Wheldon's Model of Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia. - b. Two-lag Models of Cyclical Neutropenia. - c. Time Lag with Attrition a Model of Cyclical Pancytopenia. - 7. Predation Models of the Volterra Type. - 8. Difference Equation Models. - a. Stability Analysis. - b. Conditions under which Spreading the Lag does not affect Local Stability. - c. Chaos in Discrete Dynamical Systems. - d. Extended Diapause in a Single Species Population Model. - e. Analogous Treatment of a Functional Differential Equation. - Supplementary Bibliography. - References.
Through the Colonial Lens: Images of Alaska Native Peoples in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries

In the late twentieth century Alaska Native people became politically involved in a major land claims movement, leading to a renaissance in traditional music and dance practices. Today, in the twenty-first century, there are two strong revitalization movements – Indigenous languages and body art. As Alaska Native people shed the Western neoliberal and neocolonial vestiges of the past, the use of body art and regalia are central to the Indigenist postcolonial twenty-first-century lived experience. As Indigenous scholars revisit eighteenth- and nineteenth-century documents written during the colonial period, it is evident that major changes took place due to colonization. In particular, the erasure of body art and traditional body decoration and clothing. The collection of paintings, engravings, and etchings of Indigenous peoples made by Russian artists such as Mikhail Tikhanov (1789–1862) illustrate the body art, clothing, and hairstyles from the early nineteenth century. The colonial portraits provide a window onto the eighteenth- and nineteenth-century visual images of several different Alaska Native communities. After the 1867 Treaty of Cession, in which Russia “sold” its Alaskan holdings to the United States, American Christian missionaries, epidemic diseases and boarding schools began to further erase language(s), body art, and ceremony. The paper incorporates the impact of colonialism on Alaska Native people and how this impacted cultural practices, such as body art, and the current re-emergence of traditional body art in the twenty-first century.
Robust stability—degree assignment and its applications to the control of flexible structures

A new method of robust controller synthesis is introduced which is an extension of robust stabilization to robust stability-degree assignment. This method guarantees a lower bound of stability degree for all uncertainties within a prescribed magnitude band. The method is applied to the control of four types of flexible structures, namely, colocated beam, non-colocated beam, beam with moving base and large scale satellite model. Excellent performances have been obtained experimentally with respect to the response speed and the robustness.
Subarcsecond Imaging of 3C 123: 108 GHz Continuum Observations of the Radio Hot spots

We present the results of subarcsecond 108 GHz continuum interferometric observations toward the radio-luminous galaxy 3C 123. Using multiarray observations, we utilize the high-u,v dynamic range of the BIMA millimeter array to sample fully spatial scales ranging from 0. ″5 to 50''. This allows us to make one-to-one comparisons of millimeter-wavelength emission in the radio lobes and hot spots to VLA centimeter observations at 1.4, 4.9, 8.4, and 15 GHz. At 108 GHz, the bright, eastern double hot spot in the southern lobe is resolved. This is only the second time that a multiple hot spot region has been resolved in the millimeter regime. We model the synchrotron spectra of the hot spots and radio lobes using simple broken power-law models with high-energy cutoffs and discuss the hot spot spectra and their implications for models of multiple hot spot formation.
Analysis of variance concepts and computations

The analysis of variance (ANOVA) compares means among three or more groups of observations defined by a categorical variable. Any discussion of ANOVA involves intertwined considerations of (1) scientifically informed study design, (2) computational methods, and (3) statistical theory. Our understanding advances at roughly at the same rate in all three aspects. The earliest ANOVA methods were developed in 1925 and required independent Gaussian observations with common variance. The years 1925–1950 saw the flowering of complex variations for evaluating two or more grouping variables (factors) and the possibility of interaction among factors. An interaction occurs whenever the effect of one factor differs across levels of the other. Requiring equal numbers of observations in each group allowed developing sums‐of‐squares formulas practical for electromechanical calculators. The widespread adoption of digital electronic computers during 1950–1975 stimulated a shift to regression‐based calculations allowing unequal group sizes and the use of multivariate methods. During 1975–2000, statisticians generalized ANOVA based on mixed models to allow missing data. The more general methods require iterative solutions of nonlinear systems of equations. The dominance of the mixed‐model approach creates vulnerabilities to computing and modeling errors in practice. Basic numerical analysis concerns (variable scaling, location shift, and error accumulation) can interact badly with some types of coding dummy variables and covariance model selection. Future directions include automation of access to computation and assumption diagnostics. The proliferation of data with large numbers of variables or observations presents challenges at all three interfaces of scientific modeling, computing, and statistical theory. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Vertex- Edge Dominating Sets and Vertex-Edge Domination Polynomials of Wheels

Let G = (V, E) be a simple Graph. A set S  V(G) is a vertex-edge dominating set (or simply ve-dominating set) if for all edges e  E(G), there exist a vertex v  S such that v dominates e. In this paper, we study the concept of vertex-edge domination polynomial of the cycle Cn. The vertex-edge domination polynomial of Cn is Dve(Cn, x) = |V(G)|
Modeling Mitigation Effects of Watershield on Shock Waves

The object of this analysis is to investigate mitigation effects of watershield on air blast waves. To examine the water mitigation concept, features of the free-field detonation process are studied from a series of one-dimensional simulations using a multimaterial Eulerian finite element technique. Five different shock Hugoniots for water are compared, and the most accurate data are suggested. To verify the numerical procedure, results are compared with available experimental data for UNDEX problem and analytical predictions for air shocks. For the case of contact watershield, the magnitude of peak pressure generally decreases and the shock arrival time increases with increasing thickness of watershield. The total pressure impulse is reduced significantly at near field. Non-contact watershield was also examined, and was found to provide a better design criterion based on the further decay of peak pressure.
Semismooth and Semiconvex Functions in Constrained Optimization

We introduce semismooth and semiconvex functions and discuss their properties with respect to nonsmooth nonconvex constrained optimization problems. These functions are locally Lipschitz, and hence have generalized gradients. The author has given an optimization algorithm that uses generalized gradients of the problem functions and converges to stationary points if the functions are semismooth. If the functions are semiconvex and a constraint qualification is satisfied, then we show that a stationary point is an optimal point. We show that the pointwise maximum or minimum over a compact family of continuously differentiable functions is a semismooth function and that the pointwise maximum over a compact family of semiconvex functions is a semiconvex function. Furthermore, we show that a semismooth composition of semismooth functions is semismooth and gives a type of chain rule for generalized gradients.
A Low-Reynolds Number Explicit Algebraic Stress Model

A low-Reynolds number extension of the explicit algebraic stress model, developed by Gatski and Speziale (GS) is proposed. The turbulence anisotropy Π b and production to dissipation ratio Pl ∈ are modeled that recover the established equilibrium values for the homogeneous shear flows. The devised (H b , P/∈) combined with the model coefficients prevent the occurrence of nonphysical turbulence intensities in the context of a mild departure from equilibrium, and facilitate an avoidance of numerical instabilities, involved in the original GS model. A new near-wall damping function f μ in the eddy viscosity relation is introduced. To enhance dissipation in near-wall regions, the model constants C ∈(1,2) are modified and an extra positive source term is included in the dissipation equation. A realizable time scale is incorporated to remove the wall singularity. The turbulent Prandtl numbers δ (k,∈) are modeled to provide substantial turbulent diffusion in near-wall regions
Optoelectronic Pressure Sensor Based on the Bending Loss of Plastic Optical Fibers Embedded in Stretchable Polydimethylsiloxane

We report the design and testing of a sensor pad based on optical and flexible materials for the development of pressure monitoring devices. This project aims to create a flexible and low-cost pressure sensor based on a two-dimensional grid of plastic optical fibers embedded in a pad of flexible and stretchable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The opposite ends of each fiber are connected to an LED and a photodiode, respectively, to excite and measure light intensity changes due to the local bending of the pressure points on the PDMS pad. Tests were performed in order to study the sensitivity and repeatability of the designed flexible pressure sensor.
The Core Sensitivities: A Clinical Evolution of Masterson’s Disorders of Self

The Circle of Security (COS) intervention provides a clinical application of attachment theory demonstrated to promote adaptive interactions between parents and their children. Key to the program is the structured relationship assessment and conceptualisation of caregiver state of mind through core sensitivities. The core sensitivities are a reformulation of James Masterson’s (1976, 1985) and Masterson and Klein’s (1989, 1995) concepts of the disorders of self. They represent prototypes of three core concerns people hold in relationships and the characteristic affects and defenses utilised to manage these. Although developed specifically with COS in mind, the use of core sensitivities to understand caregiving relationships is a focal application of a broader concept. This article introduces the core sensitivities, their theoretical origins and the potential for broader application to psychotherapy.
Association of lung cancer with ALK and EGFR and its targeted therapy

As one of the diseases that are extremely harmful to human health, cancer is difficult to treat and has a high mortality rate. And Lung cancer is the most common disease in the world and the type of cancer with the highest mortality rate. In order to better understand and monitor the incidence and mortality of cancer and trends as well as the prevention and treatment of lung cancer. In terms of modern medical technology, the treatment of lung cancer is mainly divided into local treatment and systemic treatment, the main method of local treatment is surgery and radiotherapy, and systematic treatment is a drug-based treatment mode, but because lung cancer cells may still remain in the body after treatment. Over time, these cells may divide and grow. How to achieve thorough treatment of lung cancer is a difficult problem to be overcome.
Repeated small-volume exchange transfusion for hyperleukocytosis in pediatric acute leukemia: A retrospective analysis

Introduction Leukapheresis reduces hyperleukocytosis in children with acute leukemia. Although the usefulness of this procedure is under debate, a repeated small-volume exchange transfusion along with leukapheresis yielded satisfactory results. Methods Forty-seven patients with acute leukemia [32 acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and 15 acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML)] were enrolled between January 2017 and June 2022 and underwent repeated small-volume exchange transfusion. The following were measured: demographic and clinical characteristics, time of the procedure, PWBC (peripheral white blood cell) count, hemoglobin, platelet count, blood biochemistry, electrolytes, coagulation, leukostasis, TLS (tumor lysis syndrome), DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulopathy), adverse events (AEs), and serious AEs (SAEs). Results The demographic and clinical characteristics were not significantly different between ALL and AML patients, but differences were observed in PWBC counts (424.2 ± 135.6 vs. 223.8 ± 58.0 × 109/L). The procedures needed 3–8 processes, and the average procedure time was not significantly different between ALL and AML. The PWBC count gradually reduced to <100 × 109/L; hemoglobin, platelet count, K+, Na+, and Ca2+ were unchanged. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, troponin-I, creatine kinase-MB, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time maintained normal or recovered from abnormal ranges. The manifestations of leukostasis, TLS, and DIC improved or disappeared. No AEs and SAEs occurred. The required total blood volume was based on initial PWBC count, manifestations of leukostasis, and age. Conclusions Our finding suggests that repeated small-volume exchange transfusion is effective and safe for treating hyperleukocytosis in children with acute leukemia.
“How sweet are your strawberries?”: Predicting sugariness using non-destructive and affordable hardware

Global soft fruit supply chains rely on trustworthy descriptions of product quality. However, crucial criteria such as sweetness and firmness cannot be accurately established without destroying the fruit. Since traditional alternatives are subjective assessments by human experts, it is desirable to obtain quality estimations in a consistent and non-destructive manner. The majority of research on fruit quality measurements analyzed fruits in the lab with uniform data collection. However, it is laborious and expensive to scale up to the level of the whole yield. The “harvest-first, analysis-second” method also comes too late to decide to adjust harvesting schedules. In this research, we validated our hypothesis of using in-field data acquirable via commodity hardware to obtain acceptable accuracies. The primary instance that the research concerns is the sugariness of strawberries, described by the juice’s total soluble solid (TSS) content (unit: °Brix or Brix). We benchmarked the accuracy of strawberry Brix prediction using convolutional neural networks (CNN), variational autoencoders (VAE), principal component analysis (PCA), kernelized ridge regression (KRR), support vector regression (SVR), and multilayer perceptron (MLP), based on fusions of image data, environmental records, and plant load information, etc. Our results suggest that: (i) models trained by environment and plant load data can perform reliable prediction of aggregated Brix values, with the lowest RMSE at 0.59; (ii) using image data can further supplement the Brix predictions of individual fruits from (i), from 1.27 to as low up to 1.10, but they by themselves are not sufficiently reliable.