Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Receptor utilization of angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) indicates a narrower host range of SARS‐CoV‐2 than that of SARS‐CoV

Coronavirus pandemics have become a huge threat to the public health worldwide in the recent decades. Typically, SARS-CoV caused SARS pandemic in 2003 and SARS-CoV-2 caused the COVID-19 pandemic recently. Both viruses have been reported to originate from bats. Thus, direct or indirect interspecies transmission from bats to humans is required for the viruses to cause pandemics. Receptor utilization is a key factor determining the host range of viruses which is critical to the interspecies transmission. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor of both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, but only ACE2s of certain animals can be utilized by the viruses. Here, we employed pseudovirus cell-entry assay to evaluate the receptor-utilizing capability of ACE2s of 20 animals by the two viruses and found that SARS-CoV-2 utilized less ACE2s than SARS-CoV, indicating a narrower host range of SARS-CoV-2. Meanwhile, pangolin CoV, another SARS-related coronavirus highly homologous to SARS-CoV-2 in its genome, yet showed similar ACE2 utilization profile with SARS-CoV rather than SARS-CoV-2. To clarify the mechanism underlying the receptor utilization, we compared the amino acid sequences of the 20 ACE2s and found 5 amino acid residues potentially critical for ACE2 utilization, including the N-terminal 20th and 42nd amino acids that may determine the different receptor utilization of SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 and pangolin CoV. Our studies promote the understanding of receptor utilization of pandemic coronaviruses, potentially contributing to the virus tracing, intermediate host screening and epidemic prevention for pathogenic coronaviruses.
MITOCHONDRIAL DNA SEQUENCE VARIATION AMONG THE SUBSPECIES OF SARUS CRANE (GRUS ANTIGONE)

We examined DNA sequence variation in an 1,831 base-pair segment of the mitochondrial DNA genome from representatives of the three subspecies of Sarus Crane (Grus antigone). The sequences include the entire cytochrome-b, tRNAThr, tRNAPr? , and ND6 genes, as well as three short intergenic spacer regions. Nine distinct haplotypes were iden- tified in a sample of nine individuals, three each from the Indian (G. a. antigone), Burmese (G. a. sharpei), and Australian (G. a. gillae) subspecies. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that although Sarus Crane haplotypes form a monophyletic assemblage relative to Brolga (G. rubicunda) and White-naped Crane (G. vipio) outgroups, they cannot be resolved onto a di- chotomously branching tree. A minimum-length network for the Sarus Crane haplotypes reveals at least one instance of direct ancestry and one hard polytomy, but shows no phy- logeographic partitioning of haplotypes among subspecies. Net sequence divergence among subspecies is not significantly different from zero. Estimated sequence divergence times, neutral coalescent times, and data on the Quaternary geology of Australasia suggest that Sarus Cranes colonized Australia during the late Pleistocene. Received 25 October 1995, accepted 10 December 1995. SARUS CRANES (Grus antigone) are among the
Taxonomic Revision of the Eurasian Stipa Subsections Stipa and Tirsae (Poaceae)

Abstract A comprehensive taxonomic revision of Stipa subsects. Stipa and Tirsae is presented. We analyzed the pattern of morphological variation of the taxa included in both subsections through the study of 1353 vouchers from 27 herbaria. Variation in floral and leaf morphology was further explored to revaluate taxon limits in 165 specimens using univariate analyses (Anova, Tukey test and, &khgr;2 test), and multivariate tests (principal components analysis and discriminant analysis). We found that one species of subsect. Tirsae plus three species and five subspecies of subsect. Stipa can be distinguished based on morphological characters. For each taxon, we present a dichotomous key, a list of synonyms, detailed morphometric descriptions, illustrations, and distribution maps. In addition, neotypes are proposed for S. pulcherrima var. mollis (subsection Stipa) and S. aperta (subsection Stipa), and a lectotype is proposed for S. cerariorum (subsection Tirsae). Likewise, two new combinations are proposed: Stipa subsection Tirsae (Martinovský) R. Gonzalo, and Stipa turkestanica subspecies macroglossa (P.A Smirn.) R. Gonzalo.
Query Expansion Based on Top-Ranked Images for Content-Based Medical Image Retrieval

Recently the collection of varied digital image databases has increased. Many users have found that searching and retrieving required images from large collections are very difficult tasks, and successful and effective retrieval methods were developed to provide an effective and efficient search and retrieval process. In most content-based image retrieval (CBIR) methods, various visual features have been considered indirect to retrieve the images from databases. Content-based medical image retrieval (CBMIR), like any CBIR method, is a technique for retrieving medical images on the basis of automatically derived image features, such as colour and texture. Although a number of methods and approaches have been suggested, retrieval performance remains one of the most challenging problems in current CBMIR studies, this due to the well-known ‘semantic gap’ issue that exists between machine-captured low-level image features and human-perceived high-level semantic concepts. To bridge this gap, much research has been proposed. This study proposes two expansion methods to increase and enhance precision of the retrieval model; both of our proposed methods depend on top-ranked images. Our first expansion method is to reformulate the new expand query image based on mean values for features of top-ranked images, while the second method is based on selecting the most important features only. The expansion process was performed on eighteen colour features and twelve texture features extracted from two common medical images datasets, Kvasir and PH2. Experimental results show that our proposed methods performed better and have a precision of 95.8% and 80.7% for Kvasir and PH2 data set, respectively.
Detailed analysis of the poorly studied northern open cluster NGC 1348 using multi-color photometry and GAIA EDR3 astrometry

The membership determination for open clusters in noisy environments of the Milky Way is still an open problem. In this paper, our main aim is to provide the membership probability of stars using proper motions and parallax values of stars using Gaia Third Data Release astrometry. Apart from the Gaia astrometry, we have also used other photometric data sets like the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey, WISE, the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) Photometric All-Sky Survey, and Pan-STARRS1 in order to understand cluster properties from optical to mid-infrared regions. We selected 438 likely members with membership probabilities higher than $50\%$ and G ≤ 20 mag. We obtained the mean value of proper motion as μx = 1.27 ± 0.001 and μy = −0.73 ± 0.002 mas yr−1. The cluster’s radius is determined as ${7{^{\prime }_{. }}5}$ (5.67 pc) using radial density profile. Our analysis suggests that NGC 1348 is located at a distance of 2.6 ± 0.05 kpc. The mass function slope is found to be 1.30 ± 0.18 in the mass range 1.0–4.1 M⊙, which is in fair agreement with Salpeter’s value within the 1σ uncertainty. The present study validates that NGC 1348 is a dynamically relaxed cluster. We computed the apex coordinates (A, D) for NGC 1348 as (A°, D°) = (−23.°815 ± 0.°135, −22.°228 ± 0.°105). In addition, calculations of the velocity ellipsoid parameters (VEPs), matrix elements μij, direction cosines (lj, mj, nj), and the galactic longitude of the vertex have been conducted in this analysis.
The role of mother's prenatal substance use disorder and early parenting on child social cognition at school age

This prospective longitudinal study examined how maternal prenatal substance use disorder (SUD) and early mother – infant interaction quality are associated with child social cognition (emotion recognition and mentalization) at school age. A sample of 52 poly-substance-using mothers receiving early interventions and 50 non-users, along with their children, was followed from pregnancy to school age. First-year mother – infant interaction quality was measured with EA scales. At school age, child facial emotion recognition was measured with DANVA and mentalization with LEAS-C. SUD group children did not differ from comparison children in social cognition, but higher severity of maternal prenatal addiction predicted emotion recognition problems. High early mother – infant interaction quality predicted better emotion recognition and mentalization, and mother – infant interaction quality mediated the effect of prenatal SUD on emotion recognition. The results highlight the need for early treatments targeting both parenting and addiction, as well as long-term developmental support for these children. (cid:129) We examined how mother's prenatal substance use disorder (SUD) and early mother – infant interaction predict child social cognition at school age. (cid:129) Questionnaires, observational and computer tasks were used. Maternal prenatal addiction severity and early parenting problems predicted problematic child social cognition. (cid:129) Early interventions should simultaneously target addiction and parenting. Attention should also be paid to the long-term developmental support of children. SUD (Parolin & Simonelli, 2016). Longitudinal studies are lacking on the role of both maternal SUD and early mother – infant interaction on children's social cognition. Finally, the severity of maternal addiction may play a role in a child's socioemotional outcome, including social cognition, but studies are lacking. Our study examines the relative contributions of maternal prenatal SUD — including addiction severity — and early mother – infant interaction quality during the first year on the development of children's social cognition (emotion recognition and mentalization) at school age. first research question. We conducted the analysis both with and without maternal SUD group status in the model. Third, we used three mediation analyses to β = − . 80, SE = . 13, 95% CI [ − 1.06, − . 54], p adj < . 001, and poorer recognition in all emotion-specific areas: anger, β = − . 48, SE = . 15, 95% CI [ − . 77, − . 18], p adj = . 005; sadness, β = − . 60, SE = . 16, 95% CI [ − . 91, − . 29], p adj < . 001; fear, β = − . 74, SE = . 20, 95% CI [ − 1.12, − . 36], p adj < . 001 and happiness, β = − . 61, SE = . 17, 95% CI [ − . 95, − . 26], p adj < . 001. Curiously, and against our hypothesis, higher maternal prenatal psychological drug dependence was associated with the child's better recognition of high-intensity emotions, β = . 55, SE = . 19, 95% CI [. 19, . 91], p adj = . 02.
Clostridial Vaccine for Veterinary Use in Iran: A Review

Clostridia are Gram-positive anaerobic, spore-forming rods, found in soil, water as well as gastro-intestinal tract of human and animals worldwide. Clostridial infections are among the most prevalent diseases in Iran. Clostridium causes botulism, tetanus, food poisoning, wound infections, enterotoxaemia, gas gangrene, necrotic enteritis, pseudomembranous colitis, blackleg and black disease. Clostridium also causes several diseases affecting the livestock and poultry industries throughout the world. Vaccination against clostridial infection is effective in immunization of domestic animals and birds. This review discusses clostridial infection and the development of vaccines against their infection in Iran. The last reported outbreaks of blackleg, black disease and enterotoxaemia occurred years ago, so these vaccines have been produced since the 1960s using traditional and conventional methods. In recent years, molecular biology methods have been developed and applied to the identification of clostridial diseases among animals. In this study, molecular cloning strategies for the major toxins of Clostridium species, for development of recombinant vaccines, were designed and evaluated. In vivo studies indicate that the recombinant vaccines will increase immunity against disease in laboratory animals. These experimental Review Article Khiav et al.; MRJI, 30(12): 12-22, 2020; Article no.MRJI. 66026 13 vaccines can thus be used in future pilot studies in Iran. This review article presents current knowledge regarding C. perfringens, C. novyi, C. septicum and C. chauvoei in the veterinary industry in Iran.
Hydrogen sulfide

The MAK value of 5 ml/m3 for hydrogen sulfide was based on avoiding neurotoxic effects on the olfactory epithelium and considerable odour annoyance. Although a NOAEC (no observed adverse effect concentration) of 10 ml/m3 could be derived from several sub-chronic studies in rats and mice for damage to the epithelium (2007 documentation, published in English translation in 2013; documentation “Hydrogen sulfide” 2013), the evaluation of odour annoyance was extrapolated from an earlier study with humans that only investigated concentrations up to 0.15 ml/m3. Odour annoyance was significantly increased at this concentration (Winneke 1992). It was evident from the extrapolation of these results that considerable odour annoyance can be expected with exposure levels of 5 ml/m3. It was not possible at the time to evaluate conclusively whether this odour annoyance interferes with occupational activities or in some other way results in adverse effects (documentation “Hydrogen sulfide” 2013). When the MAK value was established, the only available human data for sensory or cognitive effects of hydrogen sulfide after short-term exposure in the range of 5 to 10 ml/m3 were published only as an abstract reporting the preliminary results of a volunteer study with exposure to maximum concentrations of 5 ml/m3 (Fiedler
MODELO DE APOIO À DECISÃO MULTICRITÉRIO PARA CLASSIFICAÇÃO DE FORNECEDORES EM NÍVEIS DE COLABORAÇÃO NO GERENCIAMENTO DA CADEIA DE SUPRIMENTOS UTILIZANDO O MÉTODO ELECTRE TRI

The processes of identifying the best suppliers for a new product or service or even to evaluate the performance of an existing supplier are essential tasks in managing the supply chain, in order to enable that the collaborative process occurs in an efficient manner. The supplier selection problem (SSP) fits the multicriteria context due to involve several qualitative and quantitative criteria in the decision making process. So, the main objective of this research is to propose a model of multiple criteria decision aid for suppliers sorting in levels of collaboration in supply chain management, using ELECTRE TRI method. Several studies have approached the supplier selection problem in multicriteria context. Most of these studies address the choice and ranking problems and specific methods are proposed for this purpose. However, the sorting problem is not much explored, and in addition, there are few studies that specifically address the subject of collaboration with suppliers considering multicriteria context. Whereas in most cases, in several business segments, companies have at their base, suppliers with different features and degrees of performance, it becomes necessary to decide at what level to collaborate with each type of supplier. Thus, using the proposed model makes it possible to manage suppliers, considering their differentiation in terms of performance, sorting them into appropriate levels of collaboration in order to facilitate the adoption of different strategies with each category. Moreover, with the use of this model, it is possible that the decision in this context occurs in a systematic manner and, considering the repetitive nature of this problem, the proposed model constitutes a useful tool for decision aid. This tool can be used periodically in accordance with the needs of the decision maker in order to provide feedback of the evaluation to suppliers, monitoring the performance in the defined criteria set and, reviewing the strategy adopted if necessary.
Combat Time in International Male Judo Competitions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This study aimed to synthesize literature data on male judo combat time in international competitions between 2010 and 2019. The search was carried out from May 8th to June 11th, 2021, in electronic databases using the following keywords: (“technical-tactical” OR “time motion” OR “combat time”) AND (“judo” OR “combat sports” OR “martial arts”). After the selection process, 8 articles were included in the systematic review and 7 in the meta-analysis. These studies analyzed 2,562 international male judo combats over the years 2010–2019. We observed that the average male judo combat time changed (2010 = 202.8; 2011–2012 = 304.8; 2016 = 237.4; 2018–2019 = 189.8 s) after each rule change (2010, 2013, 2017, and 2018). There was a significant difference between combats that ended up to the regular time and those that needed overtime (Golden Score: 2013 = 3% vs. 2018–2019 = 21%; p = 0.03). There were differences between 60 kg (p ≤ 0.019) and + 100 kg (p ≤ 0.04) categories and the others in 2011–2012. However, no significant difference was found between the combat time by weight division after the 2017 rule changes, although there are still differences in relation to the end of the combats (p < 0.001). There were significant changes in the male judo combat time with each rule change (2010, 2013, 2017, and 2018), and the data from the included studies point to a trend of homogeneity in the combat time spent between the weight divisions over the years, and an increase in the occurrence of Golden Score. More studies need to be carried out to identify the new temporal behaviors of athletes.
Exploring the Potential Competitiveness of Utility-Scale Photovoltaics plus Batteries with Concentrating Solar Power, 2015–2030

Declining costs of both solar photovoltaics (PV) and battery storage have raised interest in the creation of “solar-plus-storage” systems to provide dispatchable energy and reliable capacity. There has been limited deployment of PV-plus-energy storage systems (PV+ESS), and the actual configuration and performance of these systems for dispatchable energy are in the early stages of being defined. In contrast, concentrating solar power with thermal energy storage (CSP+TES) has been deployed at scale with the proven capability of providing a dispatchable, reliable source of renewable generation. A key question moving forward is how to compare the relative costs and benefits of PV+ESS and CSP+TES. While both technologies collect solar radiation and produce electricity, they do so through very different mechanisms, which creates challenges for direct comparison. Nonetheless, it is important to establish a framework for comparison and to identify cost and performance targets to aid meeting the nation’s goals for clean energy deployment. In this paper, we provide a preliminary assessment comparing the cost of energy from CSP+TES and PV+ESS that focuses on a single metric: levelized cost of energy (LCOE). We begin by defining the configuration of each system, which is particularly important for PV+ESS systems. We then examine a rangemore » of projected cost declines for PV, batteries, and CSP. Finally, we summarize the estimated LCOE over a range of configuration and cost estimates. We conclude by acknowledging that differences in these technologies present challenges for comparison using a single performance metric. We define systems with similar configurations in some respects. In reality, because of inherent differences in CSP+TES and PV+ESS systems, they will provide different grid services and different value. For example, depending on its configuration, a PV+ESS system may provide additional value over CSP+TES by providing more flexible operation, including certain ancillary services and the ability to store off-peak grid energy. Alternatively, direct thermal energy storage allows a greater capture of solar energy, reducing the potential for curtailments in very high solar scenarios. So while this analysis evaluates a key performance metric (cost per unit of generation) under a range of cost projections, additional analysis of the value per unit of generation will be needed to comprehensively assess the relative competitiveness of solar energy systems deployed with energy storage. « less
Fish-inspired segment models for undulatory steady swimming

Many aquatic animals swim by undulatory body movements and understanding the diversity of these movements could unlock the potential for designing better underwater robots. Here, we analyzed the steady swimming kinematics of a diverse group of fish species to investigate whether their undulatory movements can be represented using a series of interconnected multi-segment models, and if so, to identify the key factors driving the segment configuration of the models. Our results show that the steady swimming kinematics of fishes can be described successfully using parsimonious models, 83% of which had fewer than five segments. In these models, the anterior segments were significantly longer than the posterior segments, and there was a direct link between segment configuration and swimming kinematics, body shape, and Reynolds number. The models representing eel-like fishes with elongated bodies and fishes swimming at high Reynolds numbers had more segments and less segment length variability along the body than the models representing other fishes. These fishes recruited their anterior bodies to a greater extent, initiating the undulatory wave more anteriorly. Two shape parameters, related to axial and overall body thickness, predicted segment configuration with moderate to high success rate. We found that head morphology was a good predictor of its segment length. While there was a large variation in head segments, the length of tail segments was similar across all models. Given that fishes exhibited variable caudal fin shapes, the consistency of tail segments could be a result of an evolutionary constraint tuned for high propulsive efficiency. The bio-inspired multi-segment models presented in this study highlight the key bending points along the body and can be used to decide on the placement of actuators in fish-inspired robots, to model hydrodynamic forces in theoretical and computational studies, or for predicting muscle activation patterns during swimming.
HELD1: Home Equipment Laboratory Dataset for Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring

—Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) can be split into event detection, classiﬁcation and energy tracking. Different algorithms have already been proposed for the respective tasks. Each algorithm has been veriﬁed based on publicly available data sets to assess its performance. The two types of data sets that currently exist can be distinguished into two types: laboratory measurements and data sets from real world environment. In general, the available laboratory measurements provide data of individual devices; these are only of limited use for overall benchmark tests. Measurements, in which several devices have been active simultaneously, only exist in real scenario datasets. Nevertheless, the assignment of reference data in real scenarios is somehow problematic: issues are, for example, the synchronization between reference data and measured data, absence or excess of events and the number of on and off cycles of each device respectively. Furthermore, the probability distribution of the devices, as well as long measurement cycles with correspondingly large amounts of data, but low number of events, are challenging. Therefore, it is very difﬁcult to compare the current NILM algorithms. Home Equipment Laboratory Dataset (HELD1) has multiple switching on and off events of several devices acting individually and/or simultaneously. Since the individual devices can be controlled separately, the reference data is available in a very high quality. Thus, high number of events can be generated within a short measuring time. In addition, the dataset contains different complex scenarios of various numbers of appliances. The objective of this data set is to offer a better basis to enhance the comparability between the individual NILM approaches.