Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of economic growth, natural resources and trade on ecological footprint: do education and longevity promote sustainable development in Algeria?

ABSTRACT The world needs to move quickly towards sustainability that should characterize all production and consumption patterns. The global economic growth which was built on natural resources and biodiversity over centuries has resulted in two main issues: environmental degradation and climate change. This created a big challenge in the recent decades related to balancing economic growth with environmental quality preservation, which has been a hot topic capturing the interest of researchers from different disciplines. One of the possible ways to reduce environmental degradation while enhancing economic growth is investing in human capital. This study investigates the determinants of ecological footprint as a proxy for environmental quality in Algeria from 1980 to 2017 using several economic indicators. Another objective of the present study is to assess how education and life expectancy as social indicators can influence the environmental quality. The autoregressive distributed lags (ARDL) approach is used to estimate the constructed environmental degradation models. As expected, the obtained findings show that import is a significant factor that reduces ecological footprint in the long- and the short-run contrary to economic growth, energy use, export and natural resources rent. Moreover, the findings show that education and life expectancy increase environmental degradation in the short-run. However, while life expectancy keeps increasing environmental degradation in the long-run, education reduces it. In light of these findings, the current study provides several recommendations for better management of the country’s natural and human resources, which could help policymakers in directing the country towards sustainable development.
Loss Analysis of High Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

The research in this paper focuses on the core loss and rotor eddy current loss of high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor. The influence of stator outer diameter on core loss is analyzed. The effects of air gap width, slot width and jacket on rotor eddy current loss are studied. The winding copper loss and air friction loss are calculated and qualitatively analyzed, and the effects of rotor speed, air gap width, temperature and axial wind speed on air friction loss on rotor surface are analyzed. Finally, the loss distribution data are summarized, which provides a reference basis for motor thermal design.
Cognitive Decline and BPSD Are Concomitant with Autophagic and Synaptic Deficits Associated with G9a Alterations in Aged SAMP8 Mice

Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are presented in 95% of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) patients and are also associated with neurotrophin deficits. The molecular mechanisms leading to age-related diseases are still unclear; however, emerging evidence has suggested that epigenetic modulation is a key pathophysiological basis of ageing and neurodegeneration. In particular, it has been suggested that G9a methyltransferase and its repressive histone mark (H3K9me2) are important in shaping learning and memory by modulating autophagic activity and synaptic plasticity. This work deepens our understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the loss of cognitive function and BPSD in AD. For this purpose, several tasks were performed to evaluate the parameters of sociability (three-chamber test), aggressiveness (resident intruder), anxiety (elevated plus maze and open field) and memory (novel object recognition test) in mice, followed by the evaluation of epigenetic, autophagy and synaptic plasticity markers at the molecular level. The behavioural alterations presented by senescence-accelerated mice prone 8 (SAMP8) of 12 months of age compared with their senescence-accelerated mouse resistant mice (SAMR1), the healthy control strain was accompanied by age-related cognitive deficits and alterations in epigenetic markers. Increased levels of G9a are concomitant to the dysregulation of the JNK pathway in aged SAMP8, driving a failure in autophagosome formation. Furthermore, lower expression of the genes involved in the memory-consolidation process modulated by ERK was observed in the aged male SAMP8 model, suggesting the implication of G9a. In any case, two of the most important neurotrophins, namely brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) and neurotrophin-3 (NT3), were found to be reduced, along with a decrease in the levels of dendritic branching and spine density presented by SAMP8 mice. Thus, the present study characterizes and provides information regarding the non-cognitive and cognitive states, as well as molecular alterations, in aged SAMP8, demonstrating the AD-like symptoms presented by this model. In any case, our results indicate that higher levels of G9a are associated with autophagic deficits and alterations in synaptic plasticity, which could further explain the BPSD and cognitive decline exhibited by the model.
A general theory for anisotropic Kirchhoff–Love shells with in-plane bending of embedded fibers

This work presents a generalized Kirchhoff–Love shell theory that can explicitly capture fiber-induced anisotropy not only in stretching and out-of-plane bending, but also in in-plane bending. This setup is particularly suitable for heterogeneous and fibrous materials such as textiles, biomaterials, composites and pantographic structures. The presented theory is a direct extension of classical Kirchhoff–Love shell theory to incorporate the in-plane bending resistance of fibers. It also extends existing second-gradient Kirchhoff–Love shell theory for initially straight fibers to initially curved fibers. To describe the additional kinematics of multiple fiber families, a so-called in-plane curvature tensor—which is symmetric and of second order—is proposed. The effective stress tensor and the in-plane and out-of-plane moment tensors are then identified from the mechanical power balance. These tensors are all second order and symmetric in general. Constitutive equations for hyperelastic materials are derived from different expressions of the mechanical power balance. The weak form is also presented as it is required for computational shell formulations based on rotation-free finite element discretizations. The proposed theory is illustrated by several analytical examples.
Research on Data Security and Privacy Protection of Smart Grid Based on Alliance Chain

As a new generation of power grid system, smart grid and smart meter conduct two-way communication to realize the intelligent collection, monitoring and dispatching of user power data, so as to achieve a safer, stable, reliable and efficient power grid environment. With the vigorous development of power grid, there are also some security and privacy problems. This paper uses Paillier homomorphic encryption algorithm and role-based access control strategy to ensure the privacy security in the process of multi-dimensional aggregation, data transmission and sharing of power data. Applying the characteristics of blockchain technology such as decentralization, non tampering and traceability to the smart grid can effectively solve the privacy and security problems of power data transmission and sharing in the smart grid. This paper compares Paillier encryption algorithm with PPAR algorithm and SIAHE algorithm in terms of encryption mechanism, number of aggregators and computational complexity respectively. The results show that Paillier homomorphic encryption algorithm has higher data privacy and security.
Use of microstructural characteristics of pollen and pistil to identify olive cultivars in Southern Brazil

The olive crop has a large diversity in cultivars around the world, whose identification have been based on leaf, stem or fruit traits. However, these traits may be influenced by the environment, which has led to the misidentification of cultivars. The variability of the pistil and pollen structure under electron scanning and light microscopy were studied using the cultivars 'Arbequina', 'Arbosana', 'Frantoio', 'Koroneiki', 'Manzanilla de Sevilla' and 'Picual', cultivated in Southern Brazil. The aim was to find unique patterns for their identification. This type of study has not been carried out in the conditions of Southern Brazil, where the identification of commercial cultivars sometimes is complex and confusing. There were significant differences in the variables, showing uniformity within each cultivar in different locations. The principal component analysis indicated a separation of cultivars according to similarities or micromorphological differences in the pollen wall, area of the lumen and the structural elements of the tectum. For the analysis of the pistil, the separation was even clearer, each cultivar individually forming a cluster, using as characters the length of the style in contrast to the length, width and area of the stigma. This evidenced little variation among individuals within the same cultivar. The information provided can contribute to the individual identification of very close olive tree cultivars in the conditions of Southern Brazil.
Ionization of the diffuse gas in galaxies: hot low-mass evolved stars at work

Abstract We revisit the question of the ionization of the diffuse medium in late type galaxies, by studying NGC 891. The most important challenge for the models considered so far was the observed increase of [O iii]/Hβ, [O iii]/Hβ, and [N ii]\Hα with increasing distance to the galactic plane. We propose a scenario based on the expected population of massive OB stars and hot low-mass evolved stars (HOLMES) in this galaxy to explain this observational fact. In the framework of this scenario we construct a finely meshed grid of photoionization models. For each value of the galactic latitude z we look for the models which simultaneously fit the observed values of the [O iii]/Hβ, [O ii]/Hβ, and [N ii]\Hα ratios. For each value of z we find a range of solutions which depends on the value of the oxygen abundance. The models which fit the observations indicate a systematic decrease of the electron density with increasing z. They become dominated by the HOLMES with increasing z only when restricting to solar oxygen abundance models, which argues that the metallicity above the galactic plane should be close to solar. They also indicate that N/O increases with increasing z.
Networks and Algorithms in Heterogeneous Network-based Methods for Drug-target Interaction Prediction: A Survey and Comparison

: A key step in drug discovery is the identification of drug-target interactions (DTIs). However, only a small fraction of DTIs have been experimentally validated due to the time-consuming and expensive aspects of experimental validation. To improve the efficiency of drug discovery, many computer-aided drug-target prediction methods have been developed to guide experimental validation. There are numerous prediction methods for DTIs, among which heterogeneous network-based methods do not depend on the 3D structures of the targets or compound molecules and they avoid the shortcomings of machine learning methods for negative training dataset selection, exhibiting greater advantages than other methods. Currently, although many reviews of drug-target prediction methods exist, only a few of them have addressed network-based methods, and they have not been compared in terms of the heterogeneous networks and algorithms used. Therefore, this paper presents a review of the heterogeneous network-based methods for DTI prediction, compares the differences in the prediction performance of different heterogeneous networks and algorithms from the perspective of the networks and algorithms used by these methods, and provides suggestions for the selection of heterogeneous networks and algorithms.
Measuring the Influence of the Commodity Market Performance over the Supply and Demand of Regional Air Travel

The existing relations between the supply of air transport services and economic development have been a relevant area of research in transport management. This study aims to analyze the influence of the productive performance of some Brazilian exported commodities over the demand for regional passenger air transportation on the regions where those commodities are produced. In order to do so, this study used the linear regression method, checking what the relations are, if any exist, between the productive performance of those areas and the supply and demand for passenger seats in airports located in areas producing those commodities. The mathematical model used was validated with a control model that, in its turn, examined the correlation between macroeconomic and population aggregates and the global domestic demand for passenger air travel. The results show ambiguous relations between explicative and dependent variables, because in some localities the correlation was significantly higher than in others. The main contribution is to analyze how the regional aviation market is exposed to the productive performance on markets with high level of economic specialization.
Antioxidant Capacity and Profiles of Phenolic Acids in Various Genotypes of Purple Wheat

The total phenolic content, phenolic compositions, and antioxidant capacity in the grain of 40 purple wheat genotypes were studied. In this study, purple wheats were investigated in terms of their composition of free and bound phenolic acids and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity. The free phenolic content ranged from 164.25 to 271.05 mg GAE/100 g DW and the bound phenolic content was between 182.89–565.62 mg GAE/100 g wheat. The total phenolic content of purple wheat samples ranged from 352.65 to 771.83 mg GAE/100 g wheat. Gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechin, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, syringic acid, ellagic acid, m-coumaric acid, o-coumaric acid, chrysin, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, quercetin, kaempferol, rutin, sinapic acid, and chlorogenic acid were detected by HPLC system. Gallic acid, benzoic acid derivatives, and dominant phenolics, which are frequently found in cereals, were also dominant in purple wheat samples and were found in free fractions. The antioxidant capacity was assessed using the DPPH method. The antioxidant capacity (AA%) in the free phenolic extracts of the purple wheats was between 39.7% and 59.5%, and the AA% values of bound phenolic extract of the purple wheat varied between 42.6% and 62.7%. This study suggested that purple wheat samples have high phenolic compound content as antioxidant potential and therefore consumption of purple wheat-containing food products may provide health benefits.
Artificial Intelligence and Learning Analytics in Teacher Education: A Systematic Review

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) and learning analytics (LA) have been introduced into the field of education, where their use has great potential to enhance the teaching and learning processes. Researchers have focused on applying these technologies to teacher education, as they see the value of technology for educating. Therefore, a systematic review of the literature on AI and LA in teacher education is necessary to understand their impact in the field. Our methodology follows the PRISMA guidelines, and 30 studies related to teacher education were identified. This review analyzes and discusses the several ways in which AI and LA are being integrated in teacher education based on the studies’ goals, participants, data sources, and the tools used to enhance teaching and learning activities. The findings indicate that (a) there is a focus on studying the behaviors, perceptions, and digital competence of pre- and in-service teachers regarding the use of AI and LA in their teaching practices; (b) the main data sources are behavioral data, discourse data, and statistical data; (c) machine learning algorithms are employed in most of the studies; and (d) the ethical clearance is mentioned by few studies. The implications will be valuable for teachers and educational authorities, informing their decisions regarding the effective use of AI and LA technologies to support teacher education.
Temperature dependence of {eta} and {eta}{sup {prime}} masses

We investigate the temperature dependence of {eta} and {eta}{sup {prime}} masses due to scatterings from thermal pions in a heat bath using the nonlinear sigma model. We show that mass shifts of {eta} and {eta}{sup {prime}} and the shift in the mixing angle are negligible. {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society}
The Impact of Free Trade on GDP per Capita: The GCC Perspective

Free trade increases overall world production of goods and services and is a positive sum game in which all participating countries realize economic gains ,which is suggested in the theory of comparative advantage. Vast literature also uses cross-country regressions to search for empirical linkages between trade and income. However, research in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) context remains limited; this study is an attempt to fill this gap by determining the correlation between trade freedom and GDP per capita for the six GCC countries over a period of 13 years (1999-2012). The evaluation of data from the GCC countries in this study demonstrates a strong correlation between KSA and UAE’s level of trade freedom (according to its Trade Freedom Index) and its GDP per capita. Exceptions to this trend taking into consideration the different sizes (economically and population) are Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman, and Qatar, as these nations of countries have experienced different economic systems and trade barriers. A cross-section regression models concludes that the convergence hypothesis is supported and their unique economic and repression tends to constrain the trade liberalization index influence on the economic growth.
A Comparative Study on the Role of Sino-US Participation in Climate Governance in the Post-pandemic Era

: COVID-19 has profoundly affected the development process of global climate governance. Under the Biden administration, the United States announced its return to the multilateral cooperation framework on climate governance with an ambitious policy, which brought an opportunity for the interaction and cooperation with China. From the perspective of role theory, the roles of China and the United States on climate issues mainly depend on their interest cognition, identity perception and external expectations. Under the interest cognition of "realizing sustainable development" and the identity of "a responsible major country", China holds the expectation of seeking cooperation with the United States, while the United States regards participation in climate governance as a key action to achieve national recovery and effectively compete with China. Based on the governance roles, China and the United States have certain positive prospects for cooperation in promoting low-carbon transformation and implementing climate assistance, but there are also potential options for competition and confrontation. The role of the two states in climate governance will have a great impact on the framework of the Paris Agreement and their future interaction.
Hotter, Denser, Faster, Smaller...and Nearly Perfect: What's the Matter at RHIC? (410th Brookhaven Lecture)

The collisions of two beams of heavy-ion particles, atoms stripped of their electrons, speeding around BNL’s immense Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) have long been expected to create a “quark-gluon plasma” in which the quarks and gluons that make up the protons and neutrons in the ions would move freely in a plasma-like system. But the final particles, detectable in the four experiments placed around the RHIC ring, tend to hide information about the earlier, hotter stage. So it is a challenge to elucidate the nature of the primordial system. What surprised scientists, however, was how strongly the quarks and gluons seemed to interact during the collision. This strong interaction makes the system produced at RHIC behave almost like a perfect fluid, one in which the hot matter formed shows a high degree of collectivity among the particles, rather than a gas, in which individual molecules move about randomly. Evidence from the four RHIC detectors has shown that the system formed at RHIC is potentially the most perfect fluid found in nature, at least since a few microseconds after the Big Bang, a state which RHIC was built to re-create. This result is all the more amazing since the systemmore » is so small, the collisions forming over distances 100 times smaller than a proton, and forms so quickly, in times on the order of a millionth of a billionth of a billionth of a second (10-24 seconds). It was even interesting enough to the wider physics community to warrant first place in the American Institute of Physics’ year-end review of top physics stories. « less
Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on architectural education: bibliometric and content analyses

PurposeThe impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on architectural education (AE) was investigated, and a framework was proposed to reduce the impacts' negative consequences.Design/methodology/approachSystematic literature review, bibliometric and content analyses were combined to gain an in-depth understanding of the effects of the pandemic on AE and projections for its future. Relevant documents were extracted from the Web of Science (WoS) database. Bibliometric connections in the context of AE and COVID-19 pandemic were explored using text-mining and content analysis was performed.FindingsThe challenges, development tendencies and collaboration networks in AE during the pandemic were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. The most influential articles, journals, authors and countries/regions were highlighted using a bibliometric analysis. The analysis of keyword tendencies and clusters indicates that new concepts have emerged in AE research during the pandemic involving online, in-person and hybrid education. Using content analysis of 57 subtopics, 39 (18) were categorized as having negative (positive) effects. A comprehensive mitigation framework was designed to reduce the impact of the pandemic on AE.Research limitations/implicationsThe study findings can enable practitioners to construct effective solutions to COVID-19- and other disaster-related problems regarding AE. The implications, obstacles and mitigation framework presented can help identify gaps in the literature and guide further research.Originality/valueThis paper presents the first bibliometric and content analysis of AE and COVID-19 pandemic-related studies published from January 2020 to June 2022 to highlight several research directions and academic development within the field.
Authenticated Timing Protocol Based on Galileo ACAS

Global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) provide accurate positioning and timing services in a large gamut of sectors, including financial institutions, Industry 4.0, and Internet of things (IoT). Any industrial system involving multiple devices interacting and/or coordinating their functionalities needs accurate, dependable, and trustworthy time synchronization, which can be obtained by using authenticated GNSS signals. However, GNSS vulnerabilities to time-spoofing attacks may cause security issues for their applications. Galileo is currently developing new services aimed at providing increased security and robustness against attacks, such as the open service navigation message authentication (OS-NMA) and commercial authentication service (CAS). In this paper, we propose a robust and secure timing protocol that is independent of external time sources, and solely relies on assisted commercial authentication service (ACAS) and OS-NMA features. We analyze the performance of the proposed timing protocol and discuss its security level in relation to malicious attacks. Lastly, experimental tests were conducted to validate the proposed protocol.