Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A detailed gravity profile across the English River Subprovince, northwestern Ontario

This paper presents the results of a detailed gravity profile measured across the two lithotectonic domains of the English River Subprovince from Vermilion Bay to Red Lake, a distance of 190 km, in northwestern Ontario. Along the profile 283 fresh rock samples were collected for density measurements. The density data clearly suggest that there is a measurable and significant density difference between the migmatized metasediments and plutonic rocks.A crustal model based on the seismic data, along the profile, has been used for computing a regional gravity field, which in turn has been used in isolating the residual anomalies from the Bouguer anomaly field. A strong correlation has been found to exist between the residual anomalies, the rock densities, and the surface lithologies. The Northern Supracrustal Domain, which is at its widest (60 km) along the profile, is dominated by a pronounced 15 mGal (150 μm s−2) positive residual anomaly believed to be caused by outcropping, anomalously dense metasediments.
Converted-Wave Traveltime Equations in Layered Anisotropic Media – An Overview

P105 CONVERTED-WAVE TRAVELTIME EQUATIONS IN LAYERED ANISOTROPIC MEDIA – AN OVERVIEW Abstract 1 There are various types of converted-wave (C-wave) traveltime equations: for example two-term or three-term Taylor series expansions and double-squared-root (DSR) equations. These different types of equations often have different kinds of parameterization and applicability. In this paper we examine the accuracy and limitations of these equations and present improved equations under a unified system for multi-layered anisotropic media. These new forms of equations are accurate for far offsets up to twice the reflector depth and can be used for velocity analysis parameter estimation and prestack imaging in
Multiple Shells Driven by Disk Winds: ALMA Observations in the HH 30 Outflow

We present archival Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array band 6 observations of the 13CO (J = 2–1) and 12CO (J = 2–1) molecular line emission of the protostellar system associated with HH 30. The 13CO molecular line shows the accretion disk while the molecular outflow is traced by the emission of the 12CO molecular line. We estimated a dynamical mass for the central object of 0.45 ± 0.14 M ⊙, and a mass for the molecular outflow of (1.83 ± 0.19) × 10−4 M ⊙. The molecular outflow presents an internal cavity as well as multiple outflowing shell structures. We distinguish three different shells with constant expansion (∼4–6 km s−1) and possible rotation signatures (≤0.5 km s−1). We find that the shells can be explained by magnetocentrifugal disk winds with launching radii R launch ≲ 4 au and a small magnetic lever arm λ ∼ 1.6–1.9. The multiple shell structure may be the result of episodic ejections of the material from the accretion disk associated with three different epochs with dynamical ages of 497 ± 15 yr, 310 ± 9 yr, and 262 ± 11 yr for the first, second, and third shells, respectively. The outermost shell was ejected 187 ± 17 yr before the middle shell, while the middle shell was launched 48 ± 14 yr before the innermost shell. Our estimations of the linear and angular momentum rates of the outflow as well as the accretion luminosity are consistent with the values expected if the outflow of HH 30 is produced by a wide-angle disk wind.
Adaptive flexibility function in smart energy systems: A linearized price-demand mapping approach

This paper proposes an adaptive mechanism for price signal generation using a piecewise linear approximation of a flexibility function with unknown parameters. In this adaptive approach, the price signal is parameterized and the parameters are changed adaptively such that the output of the flexibility function follows the reference demand signal provided by the involved aggregator. This is guaranteed using the Lyapunov stability theorem. The proposed method does not require an estimation algorithm for unknown parameters, that eliminates the need for persistency of excitation of signals, and consequently, simplifies offering the flexibility services. Furthermore, boundedness of the price signal is ensured using a projection algorithm in the adaptive system. We present simulation results that demonstrate the price generation results using the proposed approaches.
Geology of Iwate volcanic group, northeastern Japan

Iwate volcanic group is situated at the southeastern portion of Hachimantai and surrounding volcanic clusters, northeastern Japan. It consists of several volcanic bodies extending in E-W direction, parallel to the maximum horizontal compressional axis of the tectonic stress in this region. The basement rocks of Iwate volcanic group are composed mainly of the Tertiary rocks and the early Quaternary rhyolitic welded tuff which is a member of the Tamagawa welded tuffs. The activity of Iwate volcanic group is summarized as follows. Matsukawa andesite : this andesite consists of altered lavas and pyroclastics and are exposed at the western portion of the volcanic group. Their K-Ar ages have been reported to be 1.62 and 1.36 Ma. Amihari volcanic group: it is divided into two substages, older and younger, according to preservation of their volcanic primary topography. Older stage: in early to middle Pleistocene, several volcanic bodies, composed of an alternation of lavas and pyroclastics, were built up at the nearly same time. They are arranged in E-W direction 12km in length. Younger stage: after the formation of the volcanic chain, two cinder cones and a lava dome were formed, and lava flows were effused from the western portion of the volcanic chain. It is possible that they were active during the growth of Iwate volcano. Iwate volcano: in middle or late Pleistocene, the activity of Iwate volcano started at the eastern portion of Amihari volcanic group. Its history consists of four substages, and involves collapse of the volcanic body. Older Iwate 1st stage: voluminous pyroclastics and subordinate amounts of lavas formed two stratovolcanoes, Kurokura and Older-Iwate volcanos, with a net height of about 2, 000m. Older Iwate 2nd stage: at about 0.15Ma, the southeastern portion of the Older-Iwate volcano collapsed to form Onimata caldera. After the collapse, lava flows and pyroclastics were erupted from the central and flank vents to fill the Onimata caldera. Older Iwate 3rd stage: west-Iwate caldera was formed at the top of Older-Iwate volcano. From the vent in the caldera, lavas and pumice were effused to built up a composite central cone, Onashiro cone. It seems that these activities started at about 0.05Ma and ceased before 0.03Ma. Younger Iwate stage: after more than 25, 000 years of pause, about 5, 000 years ago, East-Iwate caldera was formed at the eastern portion of Older-Iwate volcano. Pyroclastics and lava flows were eruped from the vents mainly within the caldera, resulting in the formation of the composite Younger-Iwate volcano, Yakushidake volcano (2, 040.5m). In 1719, Yakehashiri lava flow was extruded from the northeastern flank of the volcano. The eruptive rocks are mainly basalt and basaltic andesite and associated with andesite. Two types of mafic phenocryst assemblage in basaltic rocks, clinopyroxene+olivine and orthopyroxene+olivine, are found. Although quartz phenocryst often occur, no hornblende phenocryst is found in the rocks from Iwate volcanic group.
Correlations between MSH2 and MSH6 Concentrations in Different Biological Fluids and Clinicopathological Features in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Patients and Their Contribution to Fast and Early Diagnosis of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

(1) Background: The human MutS homolog, hMSH2, is known to be involved in DNA mismatch repair and is responsible for maintaining the stability of the genome. When DNA damage occurs, MSH2 promotes cell apoptosis via the regulation of ATR/Chk2/p53 signal transduction, and MSH2 deficiency is also related to accelerated telomere shortening in humans. MSH2 missense mutations are involved in a defective DNA reparation process, and it can be implied in carcinogenesis, as it is already involved in well-known cancer-related syndromes such as Lynch syndrome. Human MSH6, which stands for mutS homolog 6, is a member of the MMR family that is responsible for the repair of post-replicative mismatched DNA bases. It is also one of the proteins with gene mutations that are associated with a high risk of developing Lynch syndrome, leading to a large series of tumors. (2) Methods: Patients and their clinical and pathological features were selected from the database of the project GRAPHSENSGASTROINTES and used accordingly, with ethics committee approval no. 32647/2018 awarded by the County Emergency Hospital from Targu-Mures. Analyses were conducted on whole blood, saliva, urine, and tumoral tissue samples using a stochastic method with stochastic microsensors. (3) Results: The results obtained using stochastic sensors were correlated with a series of macroscopic and microscopic pathological features for each sample type. Criteria or relationships were established for tumor location, vascular and perineural invasions, lymph node metastases, the presence of tumor deposits, and the presence of a mucus compound in the tumor mass. (4) Conclusions: The correlation between the concentrations of MSH2 in the four types of samples and the pathological features allowed for the fast characterization of a tumor, which can help surgeons and oncologists choose personalized treatments. Also, the colorectal tumor location was correlated with the concentration of MSH2 in whole blood, urine, and saliva. MSH6, which stands for mutS homolog 6, is not only useful in immunohistochemistry but in pathology practice as well. In this paper, the relationships between MSH6 levels in four biological fluids—whole blood, saliva, urine, and tissues—and tumor locations among the colorectal area, gross features, presence of a mucinous compound, molecular subtype, stroma features, and vascular invasions are presented.
$H$-percolation with a random $H$

In $H$-percolation, we start with an Erd\H{o}s--R\'enyi graph ${\mathcal G}_{n,p}$ and then iteratively add edges that complete copies of $H$. The process percolates if all edges missing from ${\mathcal G}_{n,p}$ are eventually added. We find the critical threshold $p_c$ when $H={\mathcal G}_{k,1/2}$ is uniformly random, solving a problem of Balogh, Bollob\'as and Morris.
Minimizing Attention Costs of Visual OHMD Notifications

Notifications provide crucial secondary information but can also interrupt users and interfere with their primary tasks. Given the increased usage of mobile devices and digital services, reducing the adverse effects of notifications has become an essential research challenge in the Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) field. The Optical See-Through Head-Mounted Display (OST HMD, OHMD, augmented-reality smart glasses) is an emerging mobile and wearable device platform that could potentially supplant the mobile phone as a daily device companion. This work explores ways of minimizing the attention costs of OHMD notifications based on human visual perception. We propose 1) the utilization of paracentral and near-peripheral regions, 2) transforming text content into a graphical format, and 3) altering the luminance of notification content when displaying OHMD notifications. Each proposed OHMD notification design was evaluated through a series of user studies. Our results suggest that by modifying the information presentation of OHMD notifications, users can obtain secondary information with less distraction to primary tasks than with existing presentation techniques. Finally, we suggest a three-step process to manage the attention costs of OHMD notifications using multiple strategies.
PS3: Precise Patch Presence Test based on Semantic Symbolic Signature

During software development, vulnerabilities have posed a significant threat to users. Patches are the most effective way to combat vulnerabilities. In a large-scale software system, testing the presence of a security patch in every affected binary is crucial to ensure system security. Identifying whether a binary has been patched for a known vulnerability is challenging, as there may only be small differences between patched and vulnerable versions. Existing approaches mainly focus on detecting patches that are compiled in the same compiler options. However, it is common for developers to compile programs with very different compiler options in different situations, which causes inaccuracy for existing methods. In this paper, we propose a new approach named PS3, referring to precise patch presence test based on semantic-level symbolic signature. PS3 exploits symbolic emulation to extract signatures that are stable under different compiler options. Then PS3 can precisely test the presence of the patch by comparing the signatures between the reference and the target at semantic level. To evaluate the effectiveness of our approach, we constructed a dataset consisting of 3,631 (CVE, binary) pairs of 62 recent CVEs in four C/C++ projects. The experimental results show that PS3 achieves scores of 0.82, 0.97, and 0.89 in terms of precision, recall, and F1 score, respectively. PS3 outperforms the state-of-the-art baselines by improving 33% in terms of F1 score and remains stable in different compiler options.
Less (Model's Weight) is More (Population Overweight): Fashion Models and the Overweight Epidemic

Advertisements that present the image of the slim figures of models, movie actors and celebs are often blamed in triggering anorexia. In this paper we suggest that the slim model effect on consumers’ weight is substantially greater than previously estimated due to its role in the emergence of overweight spread. We develop an economic model of rational consumer food consumption showing that the growing gap between the ideal and average figure has made the former irrelevant for most individuals. Thus, consumers now refer to the median weight rather than to the ideal one, as the latter has lost its restraining ability. We show that the lower weight of the ideal beauty figure interplayed with other factors (such as the increasing level of food industrialization) exhibits a form of overweight epidemic dynamics that is dominated by a multiplier effect. Based on large-scale historical datasets, we support our theoretical assertions by analyzing US population BMI’s over the past five decades vis-a-vis ideal beauty body-size proxies, while controlling for large sets of demographic variables and food industry data.
AD/MCI classification using DMN connectivity networks-based HGCN with attention

Neurodegenerative diseases are a diverse group of progressive disorders characterized by the gradual deterioration and eventual death of neurons, leading to cognitive, motor, and functional impairments. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the latent progressive neurodegenerative disease. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transitional state between normal aging and dementia. Patients have decline in memory, language and other cognitive functions which others can not perceive. Clinical examination will also find a certain degree of damage, but it is not enough to affect the function of daily life, and can not be explained by known medical or neuropsychiatric diseases. However, the traditional connected network is usually constructed based on the pairwise association between brain regions, so the high-order relationship between them is ignored. This information loss is unexpected, because the brain itself is a complex network, and high-order interaction may contain useful classification information. We propose a new brain connectivity network method for AD/MCI/CN fMRI classification, which is based on hypergraph convolutional networks that can make use of the high-order relationship and get comparable performance with nowadays methods.
Detrital-zircon geochronology and provenance of the Ocloyic synorogenic clastic wedge, and Ordovician accretion of the Argentine Precordillera terrane

The Precordillera terrane in northwestern Argentina is interpreted to be an exotic (Laurentian) continental fragment that was accreted to western Gondwana during the Ordovician. One prominent manifestation of the subduction and collision process is a Middle–Upper Ordovician clastic wedge, which overlies a passive-margin carbonate-platform succession in the Precordillera. U/Pb ages of detrital zircons from sandstones within the clastic wedge, as well as zircons from clasts within conglomerates, provide documentation for the composition of the sediment provenance. The ages of detrital zircons are consistent vertically through the succession, as well as laterally along and across strike of the Precordillera, indicating a single, persistent sediment source throughout deposition of the clastic wedge. The dominant mode (∼1350–1000 Ma) of the detrital-zircon ages corresponds to the ages of basement rocks in the Western Sierras Pampeanas along the eastern side of the Precordillera. A secondary mode (1500–1350 Ma) corresponds in age to the Granite-Rhyolite province of Laurentia, an age range which is not known in ages of basement rocks of the Western Sierras Pampeanas; however, detritus from Granite-Rhyolite-age rocks in the basement of the Precordillera was available through recycling of synrift and passive-margin cover strata. Igneous clasts in the conglomerates have ages (647–614 Ma) that correspond to the ages of minor synrift igneous rocks in the nearby basement massifs; the same ages are represented in a minor mode (∼750–570 Ma) of detrital-zircon ages. A quartzite clast in a conglomerate, as well as parts of the population of detrital zircons, indicates the importance of a source in the metasedimentary cover of the leading edge of the Precordillera. The Famatina continental-margin magmatic arc reflects pre-collision subduction of Precordillera lithosphere beneath the western Gondwana margin; however, no detrital zircons have ages that correspond to Famatina arc magmatism, indicating that sedimentary detritus from the arc may have been trapped in a forearc basin and did not reach the foreland. The indicators of sedimentary provenance for the foreland deposits are consistent with subduction of the Precordillera beneath western Gondwana, imbrication of basement rocks from either the Precordillera or Gondwana into an accretionary complex, and recycling of deformed Precordillera cover rocks.
The Precarious State of Subsistence: Reevaluating Dental Pathological Lesions Associated with Agricultural and Hunter-Gatherer Lifeways

Numerous bioarchaeological studies emphasize an increase in dental lesions associated with the transition to agricultural subsistence. Over the years, this diachronic trend has led to the conflation and oversimplification of specific dental indicators of oral health with broad subsistence strategies, emphasizing intergroup variation at the expense of intragroup variation. In order to explore such hidden variation, this metastudy uses published data from 185 archaeological sites to test the hypothesis that the prevalence of dental lesions (carious lesions, antemortem tooth loss, and periapical abscesses) among classified agricultural groups is higher than among hunter-gatherers. As a secondary hypothesis, this study also tests the association between climatic variables (temperature variation, altitude, and precipitation) and dental lesion prevalence. Our results show that, despite significant differences in the average prevalence of carious lesions between agricultural and hunter-gatherer populations, the variation in caries prevalence shows high overlap (>70%) between subsistence patterns. Additionally, differences in the prevalence of antemortem tooth loss and periapical abscesses between agricultural and hunter-gatherer populations are not significant, showing even larger overlaps in prevalence ranges. Complementing the lifestyle analyses, climatic factors (mean temperature, annual temperature, and precipitation) are significantly correlated with the prevalence of specific dental pathological lesions and not others. Our results emphasize the need to reevaluate certain dental conditions as direct indicators of broad subsistence patterns, calling attention to the complex multifactorial pathogenesis of dental lesions and the nonlinear relationship between oral indicators of health and subsistence lifeways.
A NEW SPECIES OF BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA FROM AN INLAND BAHAMIAN CARBONATE MARSH

A new benthic foraminifer, Helenina davescottensis nov. sp. , is described from an oligohaline carbonate marsh (palustrine environment) located in a sinkhole on Grand Bahama Island, The Bahamas. The uppermost stratigraphy in the sinkhole is characterized by up to 260 cm of peat, which is overlain by 5–10 cm of carbonate sediment that contain H. davescottensis . Ontogenetic variability is illustrated with a full sequence of individuals from two chambers (proloculus + first chamber) through eight chambers. Chamber arrangement is planispiral evolute in juveniles that have fewer than three chambers, but arrangement changes to trochospiral evolute when the fourth chamber is added. Adults rarely exceeded 6–7 chambers and were never observed with more than 8 chambers. Supplementary apertures are common and diverse, and multi-chambered individuals typically achieve 100–200 μm in diameter. Helenina davescottensis was found co-occurring with other low-oligohaline microfossils ( Jadammina macrescens , testate amoebae, charophytes, and hydrobiid gastropods), but not other common euryhaline hyaline foraminifera (e.g., H. anderseni , Ammonia tepida ). Given the sinkhole stratigraphy, perhaps H. davescottensis was an early colonizer of a recently generated palustrine environment.
Empirical Bayes Covariance Decomposition, and a solution to the Multiple Tuning Problem in Sparse PCA

Sparse Principal Components Analysis (PCA) has been proposed as a way to improve both interpretability and reliability of PCA. However, use of sparse PCA in practice is hindered by the difficulty of tuning the multiple hyperparameters that control the sparsity of different PCs (the"multiple tuning problem", MTP). Here we present a solution to the MTP using Empirical Bayes methods. We first introduce a general formulation for penalized PCA of a data matrix $\mathbf{X}$, which includes some existing sparse PCA methods as special cases. We show that this formulation also leads to a penalized decomposition of the covariance (or Gram) matrix, $\mathbf{X}^T\mathbf{X}$. We introduce empirical Bayes versions of these penalized problems, in which the penalties are determined by prior distributions that are estimated from the data by maximum likelihood rather than cross-validation. The resulting"Empirical Bayes Covariance Decomposition"provides a principled and efficient solution to the MTP in sparse PCA, and one that can be immediately extended to incorporate other structural assumptions (e.g. non-negative PCA). We illustrate the effectiveness of this approach on both simulated and real data examples.
Seller-side Outcome Fairness in Online Marketplaces

This paper aims to investigate and achieve seller-side fairness within online marketplaces, where many sellers and their items are not sufficiently exposed to customers in an e-commerce platform. This phenomenon raises concerns regarding the potential loss of revenue associated with less exposed items as well as less marketplace diversity. We introduce the notion of seller-side outcome fairness and build an optimization model to balance collected recommendation rewards and the fairness metric. We then propose a gradient-based data-driven algorithm based on the duality and bandit theory. Our numerical experiments on real e-commerce data sets show that our algorithm can lift seller fairness measures while not hurting metrics like collected Gross Merchandise Value (GMV) and total purchases.