Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Traumatic spinal cord injuries in geriatric population: etiology, management, and complications.

Background The relationship of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) and the geriatric population is not emphasized in current literature. Our objective was to evaluate mechanisms of injury, outcomes, and complications of geriatric patients with traumatic SCI. Methods Patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries admitted to the inpatient rehabilitation unit of a level I trauma center from 2003 to 2013 were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were ages ≥65 years old and availability of complete medical records. Patient demographics, mechanism of injury, diagnoses, American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grade, management (surgical, nonsurgical), complications, and mortality were evaluated. Results Seven hundred and fifty-seven SCI patients were identified and 53 met our inclusion criteria, with 35 (66.0%) males and 18 (34.0%) females. The average age was 74-years (range, 65 to 91 years). A proportion of 24.5% were 65-69 years of age, 30.2% were 70-74, 22.6% were 75-79, and 22.6% were 80 or older. Thirty-four (64.2%) underwent surgery. The two most common diagnoses of SCI were fractures (43.4%) and central cord syndrome (28.3%). ASIA grading was: A 5 (9.4%); B 3 (5.7%); C 5 (9.4%); D 40 (75.5%). The most severe SCI (ASIA score A and B) primarily occurred in the younger geriatric populations (ages 65-74), as did the highest rates of major complications or major and minor complications (15.4% and 46.2%, respectively, in the 65-69 group). Surgical management increased with age from 46.2% in the 65-69 group to 83.3% in the 75-79 group but subsequently decreased in the ≥80 group (66.7%). Conclusions Fractures and central cord syndrome were the most common diagnoses and typically due to falls. The complication rate in this population is high and due to complex causes. SCI in patients aged 65-69 was associated with increased rate of ASIA score A and increased rate of major complications.
PREVALENCE OF SCOLIOSIS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS AGED 8-11 YEARS

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a spinal abnormality commonly found in children and adolescents with a prevalence rate of 0.5-5.2%. Data on scoliosis in Indonesia is yet to be available. Our study was aimed at screening and comparing school children with normal posture and with suspected scoliosis (SS). 1059 elementary school students (477 boys, 582 girls) from grade 3 to grade 6 in Jakarta participated in this study. Body mass and height were measured according to the standard technique. Axial rotation of the spine was measured using a scoliometer. Results were classified into two groups: normal if the axial rotation angle was <5° and scoliosis was suspected if the angle was ≥5°. An independent t-test was used to analyze anthropometric differences between the normal and SS group. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. 74 (7%) of the 1059 students were SS, consisting of 24 (5 %) boys and 50 (8.6 %) girls (OR 1.98, P=0.004). Students at the age of 10 had the highest incidence of scoliosis (27 or 10.1%). Girls with SS were significantly taller and with lower BMI values (138.6 cm vs 134.6 cm, p=0.014; 16.95 kg/m2 vs 18.50 kg/m2, p=0.028). The scoliosis rate in elementary students in Jakarta was about 7 % with higher prevalence in girls.
The cost analysis of breast cancer: A comparison between private and public hospitals 

Backgrounds Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women. Breast cancer imposes a considerable economic burden on the health system. This study aimed to compare the cost of breast cancer among patients who referred to private and public hospitals in Iran (2017). Methods This was a prevalence-based cost of illness study. A total of 179 patients were selected from private and public hospitals using the census method. The researcher-constructed checklist was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. Results The estimated total mean (SD) direct cost of patients who referred to the private hospital and the public hospital was $10050 (19480) and $3960 (6780), respectively. Further, the total mean indirect cost of patients who referred to the private hospital was lower than those referring to the public hospital at $1870 (%15 of total costs) and $22350 (%85 of total costs), respectively. These differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Breast cancer imposes a substantial cost on patients, health insurance organizations and the whole society in Iran. Therefore, the adoption of effective measures for the prevention and early diagnosis of breast cancer is urgently needed.
TRIAL AND CONSTRUCTION INDUCED BLASTING VIBRATION AT THE PENMAENBACH ROAD TUNNEL

This report provides details of the vibrations caused by the explosive excavation of rock for the penmaenbach tunnel which forms part of the a55 North Wales coast road improvement scheme. In particular comparison is made between predictions from blasting trials (by the transport and Road Research Laboratory) and the vibrations actually measured during construction. The 'upper bound' vibration prediction established during the site investigation was proven an accurate working guide. However, variations in the pyrotechnic delay elements of the longer delay detonators caused vibration levels to be generally lower than expected and this effect is investigated and explained. The analysis and presentation of the vibration is discussed and the advantages of multiple regression techniques are apparent when data are not reasonably characterised by traditional 'square' or 'cube root' scaling methods. The factors which influence the input and propagation of energy from explosive sources are discussed in the context of conditions prevailing during construction works in general. The frequency distribution of the vibration is presented for various ranges during the trial, tunnelling and pre-splitting rounds. The frequency domain analysis showed that, at locations within 50 m of the charges, frequencies well in excess of 200 hz were present and the implications of this finding on the specification of site measuring equipment are given. (a)
Variation in Load and Speed towards Exhaust Gas Emission of Gas Engine JGS 208 GS

This research conducted to study the effect of speed and load variation on the flue gas emissions from gas engine JGS 208 GS fueled with LPG.Load variation conducted is at 20,40,60,80 and 100 (kW) while the variation of speed is at 1100,1300,1500 and 1700 rpm.The results of this research show the increase of load tends to decrease the exhaust gas emissions of CO, HC but on the contrary for the exhaust gas emission of NOx.This researh also show that the increase of engine rotation tends to increase the exhaust gas emissions of CO, HC and NOx at the fifth load variations.The lowest exhaust gas emissions of CO, and HC were found at the speed, n of 1100 rpm and the load, P of 100 kW while the highest exhaust gas emissions of CO and HC were found at the speed, n of 1700 rpm and the load, P of 20 kW
Joint Range of Motion and Muscle Length Testing

Section I: Introduction Chapter 1. Measurement of Range of Motion and Muscle Length: Background, History and Basic Principles Chapter 2. Measurement of Range of Motion and Muscle Length: Clinical Relevance Section II: Upper Extremity Chapter 3. Measurement of Range of Motion of the Shoulder Chapter 4. Measurement of Range of Motion of the Elbow and Forearm Chapter 5. Measurement of Range of Motion of the Wrist and Hand Chapter 6. Muscle Length Testing of the Upper Extremity Chapter 7. Reliability and Validity of Measurement of Range of Motion and Muscle Length Testing of the Upper Extremity Section III: Head, Neck and Trunk Chapter 8. Measurement of Range of Motion of the Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Chapter 9. Measurement of Range of Motion of the Cervical Spine and Temporomandibular Joint Chapter 10. Reliability and Validity of Measurement of Range of Motion for the Spine and Temporomandibular Joint Section IV: Lower Extremity Chapter 11. Measurement of Range of Motion of the Hip Chapter 12. Measurement of Range of Motion of the Knee Chapter 13. Measurement of Range of Motion of the Ankle and Foot Chapter 14. Muscle Length Testing of the Lower Extremity Chapter 15. Reliability and Validity of Measurements of Range of Motion and Muscle Length Testing of the Lower Extremity Appendices A. Capsular Patterns Defined B. Sample Data Recording Forms C. Normative Range of Motion for the Extremities and Spine in Adults
Wideband CDMA for third generation mobile communications

Basic principles of DS-CDMA applications radio operating environments and their impact into system design system design aspects a novel wieband CDMA radio interface typical wideband CDMA radio interfaces performance analysis time division duplex (TDD) DS-CDMA hierarchical cell structures implementation aspects radio nerwork planning and deployment network aspects comparison to TDMA and other 3rd generation radio interface proposals future developments.
Managing at the Speed of Change: How Resilient Managers Succeed and Prosper Where Others Fail

THE SPEED OF CHANGE. Resilience and the Speed of Change. The Beast. THE CHANGE IMPERATIVE. Welcome to Day Twenty--Nine. Future Shock Is Here. LESSONS BURIED IN THE MYSTERY. The Nature of Change. The Process of Change. The Roles of Change. Resistance to Change. Committing to Change. Culture and Change. ONE PLUS ONE IS GREATER THAN TWO. Prerequisites to Synergy. The Synergistic Process. THE NATURE OF RESILIENCE. Unseen Mechanisms. Responding to the Crisis of Change. Enhancing Resilience. OPPORTUNITIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES. The Ethical Ploy. Epilogue. Index.
Set up and characterization of a measuring system for PQ measurements in a MV site with PV generation

The features of a Power Quality measurement system which includes both voltage and current transducers and a self-developed measuring instrument are described. The system is intended for measurements in substations at medium voltage level. A Rogowski coil and a voltage divider are the used transducers, whereas the measuring instrument is based on a Reconfigurable I/O-FPGA system with embedded software. Attention is focused on the procedures adopted for the characterization of the voltage and current sensors, which are carried out taking into account the expected on-site measurement conditions. An example of use of the systems for measurement of some PQ parameters in a private substation which connects an industrial load and two photo-voltaic generation plants to the public MV voltage network is presented, together with the associated voltage and current uncertainty budget. By making use of the results obtained in the characterization phase, the current and voltage measurement uncertainty can be reduced.
Path Finder : An Artificial Intelligence Based Shortest Path

Artificial Intelligence driven assistant system is a supporting system that is used to find path within limited defined area as well as it can be used for the automation purpose. The path finder feature helps to find the path between two places within limited defined area. This approach is very useful for the people who are new to the organization, as they do not know the path inside the organization. There exist a lot of artificial intelligence assistants that help people to solve their problem. So, here is the implemented system that solves the path related problems within the organization and also helps to automate the system.
Transferring 2001 National Household Travel Survey

Policy makers rely on transportation statistics, including data on personal travel behavior, to formulate strategic transportation policies, and to improve the safety and efficiency of the U.S. transportation system. Data on personal travel trends are needed to examine the reliability, efficiency, capacity, and flexibility of the Nation's transportation system to meet current demands and to accommodate future demand. These data are also needed to assess the feasibility and efficiency of alternative congestion-mitigating technologies (e.g., high-speed rail, magnetically levitated trains, and intelligent vehicle and highway systems); to evaluate the merits of alternative transportation investment programs; and to assess the energy-use and air-quality impacts of various policies. To address these data needs, the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) initiated an effort in 1969 to collect detailed data on personal travel. The 1969 survey was the first Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey (NPTS). The survey was conducted again in 1977, 1983, 1990, 1995, and 2001. Data on daily travel were collected in 1969, 1977, 1983, 1990 and 1995. In 2001, the survey was renamed the National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) and it collected both daily and long-distance trips. The 2001 survey was sponsored by three USDOT agencies: Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Bureau of Transportationmore » Statistics (BTS), and National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). The primary objective of the survey was to collect trip-based data on the nature and characteristics of personal travel so that the relationships between the characteristics of personal travel and the demographics of the traveler can be established. Commercial and institutional travel were not part of the survey. Due to the survey's design, data in the NHTS survey series were not recommended for estimating travel statistics for categories smaller than the combination of Census division (e.g., New England, Middle Atlantic, and Pacific), MSA size, and the availability of rail. Extrapolating NHTS data within small geographic areas could risk developing and subsequently using unreliable estimates. For example, if a planning agency in City X of State Y estimates travel rates and other travel characteristics based on survey data collected from NHTS sample households that were located in City X of State Y, then the agency could risk developing and using unreliable estimates for their planning process. Typically, this limitation significantly increases as the size of an area decreases. That said, the NHTS contains a wealth of information that could allow statistical inferences about small geographic areas, with a pre-determined level of statistical certainty. The question then becomes whether a method can be developed that integrates the NHTS data and other data to estimate key travel characteristics for small geographic areas such as Census tract and transportation analysis zone, and whether this method can outperform other, competing methods. « less
Retention of software employees in the IT industry in Taiwan

Taiwan’s IT industry has been suffering from a shortage of IT knowledge workers. Despite the economic downturn highly skilled workers such as software programmers are still in big demand. This research, undertaken in late 2008, presents the results of a retention survey undertaken with 362 software development employees, namely software engineers, project leaders, and assistant managers in Taiwan. The retention factors this study tested for were: financial compensation, training and development, promotion, recognition, challenging work, innovation and creativity, leadership style, autonomy, work-life balance, and job satisfaction. Ten factors were significant for software engineers. However, challenging work was not significant for the project leaders, and both financial compensation and challenging work were not significant for the assistant managers.
High Turnover Frequency H2 Evolution Electrocatalysis at Low Acid Concentration Promoted by Bioinspired (NCS2)Ni(II) Complexes

Electrochemical proton reduction to produce hydrogen is considered a sustainable approach to shift the fossil fuel-based energy production toward renewable energy sources. Although the development of molecular electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has gained significant attention, most of these molecular catalysts require either strong acids or often operate at high proton concentration to achieve high turnover. Herein, we report the synthesis and charcterization of two Ni<sup>II</sup> complexes, [(N2S2)Ni(MeCN)<sub>2</sub>](OTf)<sub>2</sub> (<b>1</b><b>•(OTf)<sub>2</sub></b>) and (NCHS2)Ni(OTf)<sub>2</sub> (<b>2</b>) bearing bioinspired 3,7-dithia-1,5(2,6)-dipyridinacyclooctaphane (N2S2) and 3,7-dithia-1(2,6)-pyridina-5(1,3)-benzenacyclooctaphane (NCHS2) ligands, respectively, along with their electrochemical HER in a non-aqueous electrolyte. Our Ni complexes show high turnover frequencies greater than 200,000 s<sup>–1</sup> in the presence of 0.043 M of trifluoroacetic acid with ≥1 M of water present. Under these electrochemical conditions, <b>2</b> exhibited 2.5-fold faster kinetics at 240 mV lower overpotential than that of <b>1</b><sup>2+</sup>. Furthermore, <b>2</b> initiates electrochemical proton reduction at the potential where Ni<sup>II/I</sup> redox couple occurs, whereas the similar HER electrocatalysis carried out by <b>1</b><sup>2+</sup><sub> </sub>was observed at the potential for the Ni<sup>I/0</sup> redox couple. The electrochemical analysis revealed that <b>2</b> undergoes an uncommon HER mechanism proposed to involve a Ni<sup>III</sup>–hydride species – a typical pathway followed by [NiFe] hydrogenase enzymes, upon activating the C–H bond of the coordinating NCHS2 ligand, and the resulting organometallic Ni complex is proposed to be the active HER electrocatalyst. This organometallic Ni complex derivative, [(NCS2)Ni(MeCN)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>2+</sup> (<b>5</b>) was synthesized independently and its performance for the HER supports the proposed HER mechanism for <b>2</b>. Additionally, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was employed to probe the accessibility to Ni<sup>I</sup> and Ni<sup>III</sup> species proposed as intermediates in the described HER mechanisms. Importantly, comparative catalytic Tafel plots were constructed to benchmark the HER activity of <b>1</b><sup>2+</sup> and <b>2</b> versus previously reported known Ni-based HER electrocatalysts. Overall, the organometallic (NCS2)Ni system reported below represents a novel bioinspired molecular HER electrocatalyst that exhibits a high turnover frequency and more closely resembles the Ni<sup>I</sup>/Ni<sup>III</sup> HER mechanism proposed to pe operative in [NiFe] hydrogenases.
Game Cultures: Computer Games As New Media

This co-authored project, for which Kennedy received AHRC Research Leave funding (2003 - 04) was developed following the co-authors' organisation of Game Culture the first UK international conference on game studies, in 2001. Kennedy was key author of Chapter 6, Dovey was key author of Chapter 3, all other chapters were written collaboratively. The concept of 'technicity', developed from Kennedy's PhD, has been seen as significant for game culture but also technoculture in general, as noted: "The multiple, active ways in which gamers perform both as consumers and, in many ways, producers of the games they play, draws attention to the question of technicity, whose significance for game studies has recently been highlighted by Helen Kennedy and Jon Dovey in their book Game Cultures. As they argue, technicity must not only be understood as a set of technological skills, but as a way of engaging with technology that impacts upon both the way we see ourselves and others. " Fibreculture 8. See also online review of this book at http://blog.humlab. umu.se/? p=420. The co-authors have one further piece as a direct development of this book project, 'From Margin to Centre: Biographies of Technicity and the Construction of Hegemonic Games Culture', Players Realm Studies on the Culture of Video Games and Gaming, McFarland Press, 2007 and one further publication as part of their ongoing collaborative research. Kennedy gave an invited paper at Humlab, Sweden May 2005, and both authors gave an invited keynote at LearnIT 14th June 2005 to present current work based on the book. This latter paper was entitled 'Technicity and Power' and an article based on this has been accepted for publication in Cultural Politics Special Issue on Games co-edited by Kennedy with Graeme Kirkpatrick.
The Age of Engage: Reinventing Marketing for Today's Connected, Collaborative, and Hyperinteractive Culture

Blogs, comment sites, and social networks have given your audience unprecedented power in their relationship with you and your products. "7he Age of Engage" lays out a provocative marketing blueprint for focusing on people over content and sharing over controlling. Contrary to popu-lar belief, adding a blog, podcast, wiki, or widget to your website won't automatically draw crowds. But with examples from companies such as IBM, Adidas, and Proctor & Gamble, marketing innovator Denise Shiffman shows you how to open meaningful interactions with your customers -- conversations that will capture the hearts and minds of your audience and bring your business the attention and loyalty it deserves.
Basics Of Detection, Recognition And Identification In Electro-Optical Formed Imagery

Electro-optical sensors can be of significant aid to our law enforcement agencies particularly if their capabilities and limitations are fully understood. In the following, the imaging process is discussed as it applies to the needs and requirements of security, surveillance and law enforcement. Our approach is to associate quantitative signal-to-noise ratios with simple geometric images as developed by electro-optical sensors, to determine the observer's SNR needs through psychophysical experimentation and then, through further psychophysical experimentation, to correlate the detectability of these simple images with the visual discrimination of the images of real objects. The visual discrimination tasks we consider are simple image detection and the higher order tasks of recognition and identification. The concepts developed form a rational basis for the selection of electro-optical equipments which have a reasonable expectation of actually performing a desired function.
Pencil beam pattern synthesis of subarrayed planar array

The improved nonlinear least‐square method is introduced into the synthesis of subarrayed planar array. This method changes the traditional least‐square method's shortness of being sensitive to its initial conditions. The whole antenna aperture is divided into several subarrays and the excitation amplitude of each subarray is optimized. This can reduce the cost and complexity of the antenna array through common use of components or mass production of identical subarrays. Some numerical experiments are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 25:56–65, 2015.
Building Energy-Efficient Web Servers Using Low Power Devices: Opportunities and Challenges

Power consumption has become one major challenge in designing highperformance servers. Recently, some researchers postulate that better energy efficiency can be achieved by using low power devices originally designed for mobile embedded systems. In this report, we validate this hypothesis by measuring the power and the performance of web servers on system level. We consider the power and the energy consumption of processors, memory, and hard disk drives. Our data indicate that, compared with a Pentium4-based web server, a XScale-based computer can achieve more than 1.7 times higher energy efficiency (web pages per Joule) while its throughput (web pages per second) is less than 20%. Our comparison includes both static and dynamic web pages with different sizes. We also indicate some challenges to design an energy-efficient high-performance web server by using this approach.